1
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de Leone MJ, Yanovsky MJ. The circadian clock and thermal regulation in plants: novel insights into the role of positive circadian clock regulators in temperature responses. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:2809-2818. [PMID: 38373194 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The impact of rising global temperatures on crop yields is a serious concern, and the development of heat-resistant crop varieties is crucial for mitigating the effects of climate change on agriculture. To achieve this, a better understanding of the molecular basis of the thermal responses of plants is necessary. The circadian clock plays a central role in modulating plant biology in synchrony with environmental changes, including temperature fluctuations. Recent studies have uncovered the role of transcriptional activators of the core circadian network in plant temperature responses. This expert view highlights key novel findings regarding the role of the RVE and LNK gene families in controlling gene expression patterns and plant growth under different temperature conditions, ranging from regular diurnal oscillations to extreme stress temperatures. These findings reinforce the essential role of the circadian clock in plant adaptation to changing temperatures and provide a basis for future studies on crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José de Leone
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA/CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Javier Yanovsky
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-IIBBA/CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Brown MP, Verma S, Palmer I, Guerrero Zuniga A, Mehta A, Rosensweig C, Keles MF, Wu MN. A subclass of evening cells promotes the switch from arousal to sleep at dusk. Curr Biol 2024; 34:2186-2199.e3. [PMID: 38723636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Animals exhibit rhythmic patterns of behavior that are shaped by an internal circadian clock and the external environment. Although light intensity varies across the day, there are particularly robust differences at twilight (dawn/dusk). These periods are also associated with major changes in behavioral states, such as the transition from arousal to sleep. However, the neural mechanisms by which time and environmental conditions promote these behavioral transitions are poorly defined. Here, we show that the E1 subclass of Drosophila evening clock neurons promotes the transition from arousal to sleep at dusk. We first demonstrate that the cell-autonomous clocks of E2 neurons primarily drive and adjust the phase of evening anticipation, the canonical behavior associated with "evening" clock neurons. We next show that conditionally silencing E1 neurons causes a significant delay in sleep onset after dusk. However, rather than simply promoting sleep, activating E1 neurons produces time- and light-dependent effects on behavior. Activation of E1 neurons has no effect early in the day but then triggers arousal before dusk and induces sleep after dusk. Strikingly, these activation-induced phenotypes depend on the presence of light during the day. Despite their influence on behavior around dusk, in vivo voltage imaging of E1 neurons reveals that their spiking rate and pattern do not significantly change throughout the day. Moreover, E1-specific clock ablation has no effect on arousal or sleep. Thus, we suggest that, rather than specifying "evening" time, E1 neurons act, in concert with other rhythmic neurons, to promote behavioral transitions at dusk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Brown
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shubha Verma
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Isabelle Palmer
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Anuradha Mehta
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Clark Rosensweig
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Mehmet F Keles
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mark N Wu
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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3
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Abstract
Studies of the starlet sea anemone provide important insights into the early evolution of the circadian clock in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica R Kwiatkowski
- MD/PhD graduate program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
| | - Patrick Emery
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
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4
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Abe S, Takahata Y, Miyakawa H. Daphnia uses its circadian clock for short-day recognition in environmental sex determination. Curr Biol 2024; 34:2002-2010.e3. [PMID: 38579713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Some organisms have developed a mechanism called environmental sex determination (ESD), which allows environmental cues, rather than sex chromosomes or genes, to determine offspring sex.1,2,3,4 ESD is advantageous to optimize sex ratios according to environmental conditions, enhancing reproductive success.5,6 However, the process by which organisms perceive and translate diverse environmental signals into offspring sex remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the environmental perception mechanism in the crustacean, Daphnia pulex, a seasonal (photoperiodic) ESD arthropod, capable of producing females under long days and males under short days.7,8,9,10 Through breeding experiments, we found that their circadian clock likely contributes to perception of day length. To explore this further, we created a genetically modified daphnid by knocking out the clock gene, period, using genome editing. Knockout disrupted the daphnid's ability to sustain diel vertical migration (DVM) under constant darkness, driven by the circadian clock, and leading them to produce females regardless of day length. Additionally, when exposed to an analog of juvenile hormone (JH), an endocrine factor synthesized in mothers during male production, or subjected to unfavorable conditions of high density and low food availability, these knockout daphnids produced males regardless of day length, like wild-type daphnids. Based on these findings, we propose that recognizing short days via the circadian clock is the initial step in sex determination. This recognition subsequently triggers male production by signaling the endocrine system, specifically via the JH signal. Establishment of a connection between these two processes may be the crucial element in evolution of ESD in Daphnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shione Abe
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Yugo Takahata
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan.
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5
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Kumar A, Vaca-Dempere M, Mortimer T, Deryagin O, Smith JG, Petrus P, Koronowski KB, Greco CM, Segalés J, Andrés E, Lukesova V, Zinna VM, Welz PS, Serrano AL, Perdiguero E, Sassone-Corsi P, Benitah SA, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Brain-muscle communication prevents muscle aging by maintaining daily physiology. Science 2024; 384:563-572. [PMID: 38696572 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj8533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
A molecular clock network is crucial for daily physiology and maintaining organismal health. We examined the interactions and importance of intratissue clock networks in muscle tissue maintenance. In arrhythmic mice showing premature aging, we created a basic clock module involving a central and a peripheral (muscle) clock. Reconstituting the brain-muscle clock network is sufficient to preserve fundamental daily homeostatic functions and prevent premature muscle aging. However, achieving whole muscle physiology requires contributions from other peripheral clocks. Mechanistically, the muscle peripheral clock acts as a gatekeeper, selectively suppressing detrimental signals from the central clock while integrating important muscle homeostatic functions. Our research reveals the interplay between the central and peripheral clocks in daily muscle function and underscores the impact of eating patterns on these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Vaca-Dempere
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Mortimer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Deryagin
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacob G Smith
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Paul Petrus
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 141 86, Sweden
| | - Kevin B Koronowski
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Carolina M Greco
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University and Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, 20089, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Jessica Segalés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Andrés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vera Lukesova
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentina M Zinna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick-Simon Welz
- Cancer Research Programme, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio L Serrano
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs Inc., San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs Inc., San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Paolo Sassone-Corsi
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs Inc., San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Bandyopadhyay A, Sengupta A, Elvitigala T, Pakrasi HB. Endogenous clock-mediated regulation of intracellular oxygen dynamics is essential for diazotrophic growth of unicellular cyanobacteria. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3712. [PMID: 38697963 PMCID: PMC11065991 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of nitrogen fixation in unicellular cyanobacteria provided the first clues for the existence of a circadian clock in prokaryotes. However, recalcitrance to genetic manipulation barred their use as model systems for deciphering the clock function. Here, we explore the circadian clock in the now genetically amenable Cyanothece 51142, a unicellular, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium. Unlike non-diazotrophic clock models, Cyanothece 51142 exhibits conspicuous self-sustained rhythms in various discernable phenotypes, offering a platform to directly study the effects of the clock on the physiology of an organism. Deletion of kaiA, an essential clock component in the cyanobacterial system, impacted the regulation of oxygen cycling and hindered nitrogenase activity. Our findings imply a role for the KaiA component of the clock in regulating the intracellular oxygen dynamics in unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria and suggest that its addition to the KaiBC clock was likely an adaptive strategy that ensured optimal nitrogen fixation as microbes evolved from an anaerobic to an aerobic atmosphere under nitrogen constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annesha Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thanura Elvitigala
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- General Motors Research and Development, Warren, MI, 48092, USA
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7
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Bernstein R, Gaddameedhi S. Time Is Running Out: The Circadian Clock Suggests Sex and Aging Differences in Human Epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:931-934. [PMID: 38493382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bernstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
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8
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Borrmann H, Rijo-Ferreira F. Crosstalk between circadian clocks and pathogen niche. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012157. [PMID: 38723104 PMCID: PMC11081299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are intrinsic 24-hour oscillations found in nearly all life forms. They orchestrate key physiological and behavioral processes, allowing anticipation and response to daily environmental changes. These rhythms manifest across entire organisms, in various organs, and through intricate molecular feedback loops that govern cellular oscillations. Recent studies describe circadian regulation of pathogens, including parasites, bacteria, viruses, and fungi, some of which have their own circadian rhythms while others are influenced by the rhythmic environment of hosts. Pathogens target specific tissues and organs within the host to optimize their replication. Diverse cellular compositions and the interplay among various cell types create unique microenvironments in different tissues, and distinctive organs have unique circadian biology. Hence, residing pathogens are exposed to cyclic conditions, which can profoundly impact host-pathogen interactions. This review explores the influence of circadian rhythms and mammalian tissue-specific interactions on the dynamics of pathogen-host relationships. Overall, this demonstrates the intricate interplay between the body's internal timekeeping system and its susceptibility to pathogens, which has implications for the future of infectious disease research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Borrmann
- Berkeley Public Health, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Filipa Rijo-Ferreira
- Berkeley Public Health, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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9
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de Souza PE, Souza-Silva M, Ferreira RL. The ticking clock in the dark: Review of biological rhythms in cave invertebrates. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:738-756. [PMID: 38722073 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2348010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Circadian clocks, internal mechanisms that generate 24-hour rhythms, play a crucial role in coordinating biological events with day-night cycles. In light-deprived environments such as caves, species, particularly isolated obligatory troglobites, may exhibit evolutionary adaptations in biological rhythms due to light exposure. To explore rhythm expression in these settings, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on invertebrate chronobiology in global subterranean ecosystems, analyzing 44 selected studies out of over 480 identified as of September 2023. These studies revealed significant taxonomic diversity, primarily among terrestrial species like Coleoptera, with research concentrated in the United States, Italy, France, Australia, and Brazil, and a notable gap in African records. Troglobite species displayed a higher incidence of aperiodic behavior, while troglophiles showed a robust association with rhythm expression. Locomotor activity was the most studied aspect (>60%). However, approximately 4% of studies lacked information on periodicity or rhythm asynchrony, and limited research under constant light conditions hindered definitive conclusions. This review underscores the need to expand chronobiological research globally, encompassing diverse geographical regions and taxa, to deepen our understanding of biological rhythms in subterranean species. Such insights are crucial for preserving the resilience of subsurface ecosystems facing threats like climate change and habitat loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marconi Souza-Silva
- Department of Ecology and Conservation, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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10
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Speksnijder EM, Bisschop PH, Siegelaar SE, Stenvers DJ, Kalsbeek A. Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12956. [PMID: 38695262 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The circadian timing system controls glucose metabolism in a time-of-day dependent manner. In mammals, the circadian timing system consists of the main central clock in the bilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues. The oscillations produced by these different clocks with a period of approximately 24-h are generated by the transcriptional-translational feedback loops of a set of core clock genes. Glucose homeostasis is one of the daily rhythms controlled by this circadian timing system. The central pacemaker in the SCN controls glucose homeostasis through its neural projections to hypothalamic hubs that are in control of feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Using hormones such as adrenal glucocorticoids and melatonin and the autonomic nervous system, the SCN modulates critical processes such as glucose production and insulin sensitivity. Peripheral clocks in tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue serve to enhance and sustain these SCN signals. In the optimal situation all these clocks are synchronized and aligned with behavior and the environmental light/dark cycle. A negative impact on glucose metabolism becomes apparent when the internal timing system becomes disturbed, also known as circadian desynchrony or circadian misalignment. Circadian desynchrony may occur at several levels, as the mistiming of light exposure or sleep will especially affect the central clock, whereas mistiming of food intake or physical activity will especially involve the peripheral clocks. In this review, we will summarize the literature investigating the impact of circadian desynchrony on glucose metabolism and how it may result in the development of insulin resistance. In addition, we will discuss potential strategies aimed at reinstating circadian synchrony to improve insulin sensitivity and contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M Speksnijder
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Siegelaar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan Stenvers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Jankowski MS, Griffith D, Shastry DG, Pelham JF, Ginell GM, Thomas J, Karande P, Holehouse AS, Hurley JM. Disordered clock protein interactions and charge blocks turn an hourglass into a persistent circadian oscillator. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3523. [PMID: 38664421 PMCID: PMC11045787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Organismal physiology is widely regulated by the molecular circadian clock, a feedback loop composed of protein complexes whose members are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions. These regions can mediate protein-protein interactions via SLiMs, but the contribution of these disordered regions to clock protein interactions had not been elucidated. To determine the functionality of these disordered regions, we applied a synthetic peptide microarray approach to the disordered clock protein FRQ in Neurospora crassa. We identified residues required for FRQ's interaction with its partner protein FRH, the mutation of which demonstrated FRH is necessary for persistent clock oscillations but not repression of transcriptional activity. Additionally, the microarray demonstrated an enrichment of FRH binding to FRQ peptides with a net positive charge. We found that positively charged residues occurred in significant "blocks" within the amino acid sequence of FRQ and that ablation of one of these blocks affected both core clock timing and physiological clock output. Finally, we found positive charge clusters were a commonly shared molecular feature in repressive circadian clock proteins. Overall, our study suggests a mechanistic purpose for positive charge blocks and yielded insights into repressive arm protein roles in clock function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan S Jankowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Daniel Griffith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Divya G Shastry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jacqueline F Pelham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Garrett M Ginell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joshua Thomas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Pankaj Karande
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Alex S Holehouse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Condensates, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jennifer M Hurley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
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12
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Sekiguchi M, Katoh S, Yokosako T, Saito A, Sakai M, Fukuda A, Itoh TQ, Yoshii T. The Trissin/TrissinR signaling pathway in the circadian network regulates evening activity in Drosophila melanogaster under constant dark conditions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149705. [PMID: 38430699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock in Drosophila is governed by a neural network comprising approximately 150 neurons, known as clock neurons, which are intricately interconnected by various neurotransmitters. The neuropeptides that play functional roles in these clock neurons have been identified; however, the roles of some neuropeptides, such as Trissin, remain unclear. Trissin is expressed in lateral dorsal clock neurons (LNds), while its receptor, TrissinR, is expressed in dorsal neuron 1 (DN1) and LNds. In this study, we investigated the role of the Trissin/TrissinR signaling pathway within the circadian network in Drosophila melanogaster. Analysis involving our newly generated antibody against the Trissin precursor revealed that Trissin expression in the LNds cycles in a circadian manner. Behavioral analysis further demonstrated that flies with Trissin or TrissinR knockout or knockdown showed delayed evening activity offset under constant darkness conditions. Notably, this observed delay in evening activity offset in TrissinRNAi flies was restored via the additional knockdown of Ion transport peptide (ITP), indicating that the Trissin/TrissinR signaling pathway transmits information via ITP. Therefore, this pathway may be a key regulator of the timing of evening activity offset termination, orchestrating its effects in collaboration with the neuropeptide, ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Sekiguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Shun Katoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yokosako
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Aika Saito
- Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Momoka Sakai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ayumi Fukuda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Taichi Q Itoh
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taishi Yoshii
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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13
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Zhu P, Peek CB. Circadian timing of satellite cell function and muscle regeneration. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:307-339. [PMID: 38670711 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has highlighted an important role for the molecular circadian machinery in the regulation of tissue-specific function and stress responses. Indeed, disruption of circadian function, which is pervasive in modern society, is linked to accelerated aging, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, evidence supporting the importance of the circadian clock within both the mature muscle tissue and satellite cells to regulate the maintenance of muscle mass and repair capacity in response injury has recently emerged. Here, we review the discovery of circadian clocks within the satellite cell (a.k.a. adult muscle stem cell) and how they act to regulate metabolism, epigenetics, and myogenesis during both healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Clara B Peek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
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14
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Li H, Li Z, Yuan X, Tian Y, Ye W, Zeng P, Li XM, Guo F. Dynamic encoding of temperature in the central circadian circuit coordinates physiological activities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2834. [PMID: 38565846 PMCID: PMC10987497 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates animal physiological activities. How temperature reorganizes circadian-dependent physiological activities remains elusive. Here, using in-vivo two-photon imaging with the temperature control device, we investigated the response of the Drosophila central circadian circuit to temperature variation and identified that DN1as serves as the most sensitive temperature-sensing neurons. The circadian clock gate DN1a's diurnal temperature response. Trans-synaptic tracing, connectome analysis, and functional imaging data reveal that DN1as bidirectionally targets two circadian neuronal subsets: activity-related E cells and sleep-promoting DN3s. Specifically, behavioral data demonstrate that the DN1a-E cell circuit modulates the evening locomotion peak in response to cold temperature, while the DN1a-DN3 circuit controls the warm temperature-induced nocturnal sleep reduction. Our findings systematically and comprehensively illustrate how the central circadian circuit dynamically integrates temperature and light signals to effectively coordinate wakefulness and sleep at different times of the day, shedding light on the conserved neural mechanisms underlying temperature-regulated circadian physiology in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Pengyu Zeng
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Narasimamurthy R, Qu M, Shi N, Guo H, Xue Y, Barker N. Circadian regulation of cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment during metastasis. Nat Cancer 2024; 5:546-556. [PMID: 38654103 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates daily rhythms of numerous physiological activities through tightly coordinated modulation of gene expression and biochemical functions. Circadian disruption is associated with enhanced tumor formation and metastasis via dysregulation of key biological processes and modulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their specialized microenvironment. Here, we review how the circadian clock influences CSCs and their local tumor niches in the context of different stages of tumor metastasis. Identifying circadian therapeutic targets could facilitate the development of new treatments that leverage circadian modulation to ablate tumor-resident CSCs, inhibit tumor metastasis and enhance response to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rajesh Narasimamurthy
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meng Qu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Nuolin Shi
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Guo
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuezhen Xue
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Nick Barker
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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16
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Xu B, Hwangbo DS, Saurabh S, Rosensweig C, Allada R, Kath WL, Braun R. Temperature-driven coordination of circadian transcriptional regulation. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012029. [PMID: 38648221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an evolutionarily-conserved molecular oscillator that enables species to anticipate rhythmic changes in their environment. At a molecular level, the core clock genes induce circadian oscillations in thousands of genes in a tissue-specific manner, orchestrating myriad biological processes. While previous studies have investigated how the core clock circuit responds to environmental perturbations such as temperature, the downstream effects of such perturbations on circadian regulation remain poorly understood. By analyzing bulk-RNA sequencing of Drosophila fat bodies harvested from flies subjected to different environmental conditions, we demonstrate a highly condition-specific circadian transcriptome: genes are cycling in a temperature-specific manner, and the distributions of their phases also differ between the two conditions. Further employing a reference-based gene regulatory network (Reactome), we find evidence of increased gene-gene coordination at low temperatures and synchronization of rhythmic genes that are network neighbors. We report that the phase differences between cycling genes increase as a function of geodesic distance in the low temperature condition, suggesting increased coordination of cycling on the gene regulatory network. Our results suggest a potential mechanism whereby the circadian clock mediates the fly's response to seasonal changes in temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxian Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Dae-Sung Hwangbo
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sumit Saurabh
- Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Clark Rosensweig
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ravi Allada
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - William L Kath
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rosemary Braun
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
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17
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Mergenthaler P, Balami JS, Neuhaus AA, Mottahedin A, Albers GW, Rothwell PM, Saver JL, Young ME, Buchan AM. Stroke in the Time of Circadian Medicine. Circ Res 2024; 134:770-790. [PMID: 38484031 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Time-of-day significantly influences the severity and incidence of stroke. Evidence has emerged not only for circadian governance over stroke risk factors, but also for important determinants of clinical outcome. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the interplay between chronobiology and cerebrovascular disease. We discuss circadian regulation of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying stroke onset or tolerance as well as in vascular dementia. This includes cell death mechanisms, metabolism, mitochondrial function, and inflammation/immunity. Furthermore, we present clinical evidence supporting the link between disrupted circadian rhythms and increased susceptibility to stroke and dementia. We propose that circadian regulation of biochemical and physiological pathways in the brain increase susceptibility to damage after stroke in sleep and attenuate treatment effectiveness during the active phase. This review underscores the importance of considering circadian biology for understanding the pathology and treatment choice for stroke and vascular dementia and speculates that considering a patient's chronotype may be an important factor in developing precision treatment following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mergenthaler
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.M., A.M.B.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology (P.M.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Stroke Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., A.M.B.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Joyce S Balami
- Stroke Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., A.M.B.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Ain A Neuhaus
- Stroke Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., A.M.B.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom (A.A.N.)
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Amin Mottahedin
- Stroke Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., A.M.B.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.M.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Gregory W Albers
- Department of Neurology, Stanford Hospital, Palo Alto, CA (G.W.A.)
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Peter M Rothwell
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.M., P.M.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (P.M.R.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Jeffrey L Saver
- Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, Geffen School of Medicine, University of Los Angeles, CA (J.L.S.)
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (M.E.Y.)
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (P.M., A.M.B.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Stroke Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., A.M.B.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Consortium International pour la Recherche Circadienne sur l'AVC (CIRCA) (P.M., J.S.B., A.A.N., A.M., G.W.A., P.M.R., J.L.S., M.E.Y., A.M.B.)
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18
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Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical interface separating the central nervous system from the peripheral circulation, ensuring brain homeostasis and function. Recent research has unveiled a profound connection between the BBB and circadian rhythms, the endogenous oscillations synchronizing biological processes with the 24-hour light-dark cycle. This review explores the significance of circadian rhythms in the context of BBB functions, with an emphasis on substrate passage through the BBB. Our discussion includes efflux transporters and the molecular timing mechanisms that regulate their activities. A significant focus of this review is the potential implications of chronotherapy, leveraging our knowledge of circadian rhythms for improving drug delivery to the brain. Understanding the temporal changes in BBB can lead to optimized timing of drug administration, to enhance therapeutic efficacy for neurological disorders while reducing side effects. By elucidating the interplay between circadian rhythms and drug transport across the BBB, this review offers insights into innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kim
- Cell Biology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA (M.K., S.L.Z.)
| | - Richard F Keep
- Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (R.F.K.)
| | - Shirley L Zhang
- Cell Biology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA (M.K., S.L.Z.)
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19
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Lal H, Verma SK, Wang Y, Xie M, Young ME. Circadian Rhythms in Cardiovascular Metabolism. Circ Res 2024; 134:635-658. [PMID: 38484029 PMCID: PMC10947116 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Energetic demand and nutrient supply fluctuate as a function of time-of-day, in alignment with sleep-wake and fasting-feeding cycles. These daily rhythms are mirrored by 24-hour oscillations in numerous cardiovascular functional parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, and myocardial contractility. It is, therefore, not surprising that metabolic processes also fluctuate over the course of the day, to ensure temporal needs for ATP, building blocks, and metabolism-based signaling molecules are met. What has become increasingly clear is that in addition to classic signal-response coupling (termed reactionary mechanisms), cardiovascular-relevant cells use autonomous circadian clocks to temporally orchestrate metabolic pathways in preparation for predicted stimuli/stresses (termed anticipatory mechanisms). Here, we review current knowledge regarding circadian regulation of metabolism, how metabolic rhythms are synchronized with cardiovascular function, and whether circadian misalignment/disruption of metabolic processes contribute toward the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Min Xie
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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20
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Abstract
The timing of life on Earth is remarkable: between individuals of the same species, a highly similar temporal pattern is observed, with shared periods of activity and inactivity each day. At the individual level, this means that over the course of a single day, a person alternates between two states. They are either upright, active, and communicative or they lie down in a state of (un)consciousness called sleep where even the characteristic of neuronal signals in the brain shows distinctive properties. The circadian clock governs both of these time stamps-activity and (apparent) inactivity-making them come and go consistently at the same approximate time each day. This behavior thus represents the meeting of two pervasive systems: the circadian clock and metabolism. In this article, we will describe what is known about how the circadian clock anticipates daily changes in oxygen usage, how circadian clock regulation may relate to normal physiology, and to hypoxia and ischemia that can result from pathologies such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sartor
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Borja Ferrero-Bordera
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Jeffrey Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (J.H.)
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, and the Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Paul M Holloway
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (P.M.H.)
| | - Martha Merrow
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
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21
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Zhu X, Maier G, Panda S. Learning from circadian rhythm to transform cancer prevention, prognosis, and survivorship care. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:196-207. [PMID: 38001006 PMCID: PMC10939944 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Circadian timekeeping mechanisms and cell cycle regulation share thematic biological principles in responding to signals, repairing cellular damage, coordinating metabolism, and allocating cellular resources for optimal function. Recent studies show interactions between cell cycle regulators and circadian clock components, offering insights into potential cancer treatment approaches. Understanding circadian control of metabolism informs timing for therapies to reduce adverse effects and enhance treatment efficacy. Circadian adaptability to lifestyle factors, such as activity, sleep, and nutrition sheds light on their impact on cancer. Leveraging circadian regulatory mechanisms for cancer prevention and care is vital, as most risk stems from modifiable lifestyles. Monitoring circadian factors aids risk assessment and targeted interventions across the cancer care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Maier
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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22
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Jiang Z, Sang X, Lu J, Gao L. Circadian rhythm of cutaneous pruritus. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 49:190-196. [PMID: 38755715 PMCID: PMC11103053 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
One of the most common and significant symptoms for skin disorders is pruritus. Additionally, it serves as a significant catalyst for the exacerbation or reoccurrence of skin diseases. Pruritus seriously affects patients' physical and mental health, and even the quality of life. It brings a heavy burden to the patients, the families, even the whole society. The pathogenesis and regulation mechanisms for pruritus are complicated and have not yet been elucidated. Previous clinical studies have shown that itch worsens at night in scabies, chronic pruritus, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis, suggesting that skin pruritus may change with circadian rhythm. Cortisol, melatonin, core temperature, cytokines, and prostaglandins are the main regulatory factors of the circadian rhythm of pruritus. Recent studies have shown that some CLOCK genes, such as BMAL1, CLOCK, PER, and CRY, play an important role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of pruritus by regulating the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms for circadian clock genes in regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus have not been fully elucidated. Further studies on the mechanism of circadian clock genes in the regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus will lay a foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms for pruritus, and also provide new ideas for the control of pruritus and the alleviation of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
| | - Xiaoxue Sang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jianyun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013
| | - Lihua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013.
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23
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Liu Q, Luo X, Liang Z, Qin D, Xu M, Wang M, Guo W. Coordination between circadian neural circuit and intracellular molecular clock ensures rhythmic activation of adult neural stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318030121. [PMID: 38346182 PMCID: PMC10895264 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318030121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock throughout the day organizes the activity of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) of adult hippocampus temporally. However, it is still unclear whether and how circadian signals from the niches contribute to daily rhythmic variation of NSC activation. Here, we show that norepinephrinergic (NEergic) projections from the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain arousal system, innervate into adult DG, where daily rhythmic release of norepinephrine (NE) from the LC NEergic neurons controlled circadian variation of NSC activation through β3-adrenoceptors. Disrupted circadian rhythmicity by acute sleep deprivation leads to transient NSC overactivation and NSC pool exhaustion over time, which is effectively ameliorated by the inhibition of the LC NEergic neuronal activity or β3-adrenoceptors-mediated signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that NE/β3-adrenoceptors-mediated signaling regulates NSC activation through molecular clock BMAL1. Therefore, our study unravels that adult NSCs precisely coordinate circadian neural circuit and intrinsic molecular circadian clock to adapt their cellular behavior across the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Xing Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100093, China
| | - Ziqi Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100093, China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100093, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100093, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Weixiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100093, China
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24
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Sakai S, Tanaka Y, Tsukamoto Y, Kimura-Ohba S, Hesaka A, Hamase K, Hsieh CL, Kawakami E, Ono H, Yokote K, Yoshino M, Okuzaki D, Matsumura H, Fukushima A, Mita M, Nakane M, Doi M, Isaka Y, Kimura T. d -Alanine Affects the Circadian Clock to Regulate Glucose Metabolism in the Kidney. Kidney360 2024; 5:237-251. [PMID: 38098136 PMCID: PMC10914205 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Key Points d -Alanine affects the circadian clock to regulate gluconeogenesis in the kidney. d -Alanine itself has a clear intrinsic circadian rhythm, which is regulated by urinary excretion, and acts on the circadian rhythm. d -Alanine is a signal activator for circadian rhythm and gluconeogenesis through circadian transcriptional network. Background The aberrant glucose circadian rhythm is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes. Similar to glucose metabolism in the kidney and liver, d -alanine, a rare enantiomer of alanine, shows circadian alteration, although the effect of d- alanine on glucose metabolism has not been explored. Here, we show that d- alanine acts on the circadian clock and affects glucose metabolism in the kidney. Methods The blood and urinary levels of d -alanine in mice were measured using two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography system. Metabolic effects of d -alanine were analyzed in mice and in primary culture of kidney proximal tubular cells from mice. Behavioral and gene expression analyses of circadian rhythm were performed using mice bred under constant darkness. Results d- Alanine levels in blood exhibited a clear intrinsic circadian rhythm. Since this rhythm was regulated by the kidney through urinary excretion, we examined the effect of d -alanine on the kidney. In the kidney, d -alanine induced the expressions of genes involved in gluconeogenesis and circadian rhythm. Treatment of d- alanine mediated glucose production in mice. Ex vivo glucose production assay demonstrated that the treatment of d -alanine induced glucose production in primary culture of kidney proximal tubular cells, where d -amino acids are known to be reabsorbed, but not in that of liver cells. Gluconeogenetic effect of d -alanine has an intraday variation, and this effect was in part mediated through circadian transcriptional network. Under constant darkness, treatment of d- alanine normalized the circadian cycle of behavior and kidney gene expressions. Conclusions d- Alanine induces gluconeogenesis in the kidney and adjusts the period of the circadian clock. Normalization of circadian cycle by d -alanine may provide the therapeutic options for life style–related diseases and shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Sakai
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Youichi Tanaka
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsukamoto
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shihoko Kimura-Ohba
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hesaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Hamase
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chin-Ling Hsieh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Advanced Data Science (ADSP), RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiraku Ono
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontorogy, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University,Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontorogy, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University,Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Yoshino
- Laboratory of Rare Disease Information and Resource library, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Matsumura
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsuko Fukushima
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Masao Doi
- Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isaka
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kimura
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Reverse Translational Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
- KAGAMI Project, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Chiou YY, Lee CY, Yang HW, Cheng WC, Ji KD. Circadian modulation of glucose utilization via CRY1-mediated repression of Pdk1 expression. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105637. [PMID: 38199564 PMCID: PMC10869264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Life adapts to daily environmental changes through circadian rhythms, exhibiting spontaneous oscillations of biological processes. These daily functional oscillations must match the metabolic requirements responding to the time of the day. We focus on the molecular mechanism of how the circadian clock regulates glucose, the primary resource for energy production and other biosynthetic pathways. The complex regulation of the circadian rhythm includes many proteins that control this process at the transcriptional and translational levels and by protein-protein interactions. We have investigated the action of one of these proteins, cryptochrome (CRY), whose elevated mRNA and protein levels repress the function of an activator in the transcription-translation feedback loop, and this activator causes elevated Cry1 mRNA. We used a genome-edited cell line model to investigate downstream genes affected explicitly by the repressor CRY. We found that CRY can repress glycolytic genes, particularly that of the gatekeeper, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (Pdk1), decreasing lactate accumulation and glucose utilization. CRY1-mediated decrease of Pdk1 expression can also be observed in a breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, whose glycolysis is associated with Pdk1 expression. We also found that exogenous expression of CRY1 in the MDA-MB-231 decreases glucose usage and growth rate. Furthermore, reduced CRY1 levels and the increased phosphorylation of PDK1 substrate were observed when cells were grown in suspension compared to cells grown in adhesion. Our data supports a model that the transcription-translation feedback loop can regulate the glucose metabolic pathway through Pdk1 gene expression according to the time of the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ying Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Cing-Yun Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Da Ji
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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26
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Liu X, Cai YD, Chiu JC. Regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation by circadian, metabolic, and cellular signals. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105616. [PMID: 38159854 PMCID: PMC10810748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a dynamic post-translational modification that regulates thousands of proteins and almost all cellular processes. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. O-GlcNAcylation is highly nutrient-sensitive since it is dependent on UDP-GlcNAc, the end product of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). We previously observed daily rhythmicity of protein O-GlcNAcylation in a Drosophila model that is sensitive to the timing of food consumption. We showed that the circadian clock is pivotal in regulating daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythms given its control of the feeding-fasting cycle and hence nutrient availability. Interestingly, we reported that the circadian clock also modulates daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythm by regulating molecular mechanisms beyond the regulation of food consumption time. A large body of work now indicates that O-GlcNAcylation is likely a generalized cellular status effector as it responds to various cellular signals and conditions, such as ER stress, apoptosis, and infection. In this review, we summarize the metabolic regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation through nutrient availability, HBP enzymes, and O-GlcNAc processing enzymes. We discuss the emerging roles of circadian clocks in regulating daily O-GlcNAcylation rhythm. Finally, we provide an overview of other cellular signals or conditions that impact O-GlcNAcylation. Many of these cellular pathways are themselves regulated by the clock and/or metabolism. Our review highlights the importance of maintaining optimal O-GlcNAc rhythm by restricting eating activity to the active period under physiological conditions and provides insights into potential therapeutic targets of O-GlcNAc homeostasis under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Liu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Yao D Cai
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
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27
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Lee DY, Jung I, Park SY, Yu JH, Seo JA, Kim KJ, Kim NH, Yoo HJ, Kim SG, Choi KM, Baik SH, Kim NH. Attention to Innate Circadian Rhythm and the Impact of Its Disruption on Diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:37-52. [PMID: 38173377 PMCID: PMC10850272 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel strategies are required to reduce the risk of developing diabetes and/or clinical outcomes and complications of diabetes. In this regard, the role of the circadian system may be a potential candidate for the prevention of diabetes. We reviewed evidence from animal, clinical, and epidemiological studies linking the circadian system to various aspects of the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes of diabetes. The circadian clock governs genetic, metabolic, hormonal, and behavioral signals in anticipation of cyclic 24-hour events through interactions between a "central clock" in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and "peripheral clocks" in the whole body. Currently, circadian rhythmicity in humans can be subjectively or objectively assessed by measuring melatonin and glucocorticoid levels, core body temperature, peripheral blood, oral mucosa, hair follicles, rest-activity cycles, sleep diaries, and circadian chronotypes. In this review, we summarized various circadian misalignments, such as altered light-dark, sleep-wake, rest-activity, fasting-feeding, shift work, evening chronotype, and social jetlag, as well as mutations in clock genes that could contribute to the development of diabetes and poor glycemic status in patients with diabetes. Targeting critical components of the circadian system could deliver potential candidates for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inha Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hee Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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28
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van Beurden AW, Tersteeg MMH, Michel S, van Veldhoven JPD, IJzerman AP, Rohling JHT, Meijer JH. Small-molecule CEM3 strengthens single-cell oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23348. [PMID: 38084798 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300597rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
A robust endogenous clock is required for proper function of many physiological processes. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) constitutes our central circadian clock and allows us to adapt to daily changes in the environment. Aging can cause a decline in the amplitude of circadian rhythms in SCN and peripheral clocks, which contributes to increased risk of several chronic diseases. Strengthening clock function would therefore be an effective strategy to improve health. A high-throughput chemical screening has identified clock-enhancing molecule 3 (CEM3) as small molecule that increases circadian rhythm amplitude in cell lines and SCN explants. It is, however, currently not known whether CEM3 acts by enhancing the amplitude of individual single-cell oscillators or by enhancing synchrony among neurons. In view of CEM3's potential, it is of evident importance to clarify the mode of action of CEM3. Here, we investigated the effects of CEM3 on single-cell PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE rhythms in mouse SCN explants. CEM3 increased the amplitude in approximately 80%-90% of the individual cells in the SCN without disrupting the phase and/or period of their rhythms. Noticeably, CEM3's effect on amplitude is independent of the cell's initial amplitude. These findings make CEM3 a potential therapeutic candidate to restore compromised amplitude in circadian rhythms and will boost the development of other molecular approaches to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk W van Beurden
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mayke M H Tersteeg
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Michel
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco P D van Veldhoven
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H T Rohling
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna H Meijer
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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29
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Peng M, Hutin S, Mironova A, Zubieta C, Wigge PA. Analysis of Phase Separation of EARLY FLOWERING 3. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2795:123-134. [PMID: 38594534 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3814-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Phase separation is an important mechanism for regulating various cellular functions. The EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) protein, an essential element of the EVENING COMPLEX (EC) involved in circadian clock regulation, has been shown to undergo phase separation. ELF3 is known to significantly influence elongation growth and flowering time regulation, and this is postulated to be due to whether the protein is in the dilute or phase-separated state. Here, we present a brief overview of methods for analyzing ELF3 phase separation in vitro, including the generation of phase diagrams as a function of pH and salt versus protein concentrations, optical microscopy, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), and turbidity assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Peng
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse-und Zierpflanzenbau, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hutin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRA/IRIG, Grenoble, France
| | - Aleksandra Mironova
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRA/IRIG, Grenoble, France
| | - Chloe Zubieta
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes/CNRS/CEA/INRA/IRIG, Grenoble, France
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse-und Zierpflanzenbau, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, Großbeeren, Germany.
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30
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Cho Y, Li K, Lee JH, Pack SP, Cho AE. Elucidating TH301's influence on the torsion angle of CRY1 W399 using replica exchange with solute tempering (REST) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32648-32655. [PMID: 38010133 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) is a protein involved in the circadian clock and associated with various diseases. Targeting CRY1 for drug development requires the discovery of competitive inhibitors that target its FAD binding site through ubiquitination. During the development of compounds to regulate CRY1, an intriguing compound called TH301 was identified. Despite binding to CRY1, TH301 does not induce the expected reaction and is considered an inactive compound. However, it has been observed that TH301 affects the torsion angle of CRY1's W399 residue, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of ubiquitination by influencing the movement of the lid loop. In our research, we aimed to understand how TH301 induces the torsion angle of CRY1's W399 to shift to an "out-form" by performing REST-based MD simulations. The cyclopentane of TH301 tends to align parallel with W292, creating a repulsive force when W399 is in the "in-form", leading to a flip. In the "out-form", W399's side chain interacts with TH301's chlorobenzene through a π-π interaction, stabilizing this pose. This analysis helps identify compounds binding to CRY1 and filter out inactive ones. We found that assessing the interaction energy between TH301 and W399 is crucial to evaluate whether W399 flips or not. These findings contribute to the development of drugs targeting CRY1 and enhance our understanding of its regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongrae Cho
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 30119, Korea.
- Biological Clock-based Anti-aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 30119, Korea.
- Biological Clock-based Anti-aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 30119, Korea
- Biological Clock-based Anti-aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 30119, Korea.
- Biological Clock-based Anti-aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Art E Cho
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong, 30119, Korea.
- Biological Clock-based Anti-aging Convergence RLRC, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
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31
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Bussi IL, Neitz AF, Sanchez REA, Casiraghi LP, Moldavan M, Kunda D, Allen CN, Evans JA, de la Iglesia HO. Expression of the vesicular GABA transporter within neuromedin S + neurons sustains behavioral circadian rhythms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314857120. [PMID: 38019855 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314857120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is the site of a central circadian clock that orchestrates overt rhythms of physiology and behavior. Circadian timekeeping requires intercellular communication among SCN neurons, and multiple signaling pathways contribute to SCN network coupling. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is produced by virtually all SCN neurons, and previous work demonstrates that this transmitter regulates coupling in the adult SCN but is not essential for the nucleus to sustain overt circadian rhythms. Here, we show that the deletion of the gene that codes for the GABA vesicular transporter Vgat from neuromedin-S (NMS)+ neurons-a subset of neurons critical for SCN function-causes arrhythmia of locomotor activity and sleep. Further, NMS-Vgat deletion impairs intrinsic clock gene rhythms in SCN explants cultured ex vivo. Although vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is critical for SCN function, Vgat deletion from VIP-expressing neurons did not lead to circadian arrhythmia in locomotor activity rhythms. Likewise, adult SCN-specific deletion of Vgat led to mild impairment of behavioral rhythms. Our results suggest that while the removal of GABA release from the adult SCN does not affect the pacemaker's ability to sustain overt circadian rhythms, its removal from a critical subset of neurons within the SCN throughout development removes the nucleus ability to sustain circadian rhythms. Our findings support a model in which SCN GABA release is critical for the developmental establishment of intercellular network properties that define the SCN as a central pacemaker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana L Bussi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800
| | - Alexandra F Neitz
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Seattle, University of Washington and Fred Hutch, Seattle, WA 98195-7275
| | - Raymond E A Sanchez
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | | | - Michael Moldavan
- Oregon Institute for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Divya Kunda
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800
| | - Charles N Allen
- Oregon Institute for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Jennifer A Evans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233
| | - Horacio O de la Iglesia
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1800
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Seattle, University of Washington and Fred Hutch, Seattle, WA 98195-7275
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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32
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Verma AK, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Rizvi SI. Crosstalk Between Aging, Circadian Rhythm, and Melatonin. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:229-241. [PMID: 37847148 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (CRs) are 24-hour periodic oscillations governed by an endogenous circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which organizes the physiology and behavior of organisms. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is also indicative of the aging process. In mammals, melatonin is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland and participates in a variety of multifaceted intracellular signaling networks and has been shown to synchronize CRs. Endogenous melatonin synthesis and its release tend to decrease progressively with advancing age. Older individuals experience frequent CR disruption, which hastens the process of aging. A profound understanding of the relationship between CRs and aging has the potential to improve existing treatments and facilitate development of novel chronotherapies that target age-related disorders. This review article aims to examine the circadian regulatory mechanisms in which melatonin plays a key role in signaling. We describe the basic architecture of the molecular circadian clock and its functional decline with age in detail. Furthermore, we discuss the role of melatonin in regulation of the circadian pacemaker and redox homeostasis during aging. Moreover, we also discuss the protective effect of exogenous melatonin supplementation in age-dependent CR disruption, which sheds light on this pleiotropic molecule and how it can be used as an effective chronotherapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Li Y, Androulakis IP. The SCN-HPA-Periphery Circadian Timing System: Mathematical Modeling of Clock Synchronization and the Effects of Photoperiod on Jetlag Adaptation. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:601-616. [PMID: 37529986 PMCID: PMC10615703 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231188541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Synchronizing the circadian timing system (CTS) to external light/dark cycles is crucial for homeostasis maintenance and environmental adaptation. The CTS is organized hierarchically, with the central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) generating coherent oscillations that are entrained to light/dark cycles. These oscillations regulate the release of glucocorticoids by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which acts as a systemic entrainer of peripheral clocks throughout the body. The SCN adjusts its network plasticity in response to variations in photoperiod, leading to changes in the rhythmic release of glucocorticoids and ultimately impacting peripheral clocks. However, the effects of photoperiod-induced variations of glucocorticoids on the synchronization of peripheral clocks are not fully understood, and the interaction between jetlag adaption and photoperiod changes is unclear. This study presents a semi-mechanistic mathematical model to investigate how the CTS responds to changes in photoperiod. Specifically, the study focuses on the entrainment properties of a system composed of the SCN, HPA axis, and peripheral clocks. The results show that high-amplitude glucocorticoid rhythms lead to a more coherent phase distribution in the periphery. In addition, our study investigates the effect of photoperiod exposure on jetlag recovery time and phase shift, proposing different interventional strategies for eastward and westward jetlag. The findings suggest that decreasing photic exposure before jetlag during eastward traveling and after jetlag during westward traveling can accelerate jetlag readaptation. The study provides insights into the mechanisms of CTS organization and potential recovery strategies for transitions between time zones and lighting zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannuo Li
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ioannis P Androulakis
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Parlak GC, Baris I, Gul S, Kavakli IH. Functional characterization of the CRY2 circadian clock component variant p.Ser420Phe revealed a new degradation pathway for CRY2. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105451. [PMID: 37951306 PMCID: PMC10731238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) are essential components of the circadian clock, playing a pivotal role as transcriptional repressors. Despite their significance, the precise mechanisms underlying CRYs' involvement in the circadian clock remain incompletely understood. In this study, we identified a rare CRY2 variant, p.Ser420Phe, from the 1000 Genomes Project and Ensembl database that is located in the functionally important coiled-coil-like helix (CC-helix) region. Functional characterization of this variant at the cellular level revealed that p.Ser420Phe CRY2 had reduced repression activity on CLOCK:BMAL1-driven transcription due to its reduced affinity to the core clock protein PER2 and defective translocation into the nucleus. Intriguingly, the CRY2 variant exhibited an unexpected resistance to degradation via the canonical proteasomal pathway, primarily due to the loss of interactions with E3 ligases (FBXL3 and FBXL21), which suggests Ser-420 of CRY2 is required for the interaction with E3 ligases. Further studies revealed that wild-type and CRY2 variants are degraded by the lysosomal-mediated degradation pathway, a mechanism not previously associated with CRY2. Surprisingly, our complementation study with Cry1-/-Cry2-/- double knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast cells indicated that the CRY2 variant caused a 7 h shorter circadian period length in contrast to the observed prolonged period length in CRY2-/- cell lines. In summary, this study reveals a hitherto unknown degradation pathway for CRY2, shedding new light on the regulation of circadian rhythm period length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Cagla Parlak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Ibrahim Baris
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Seref Gul
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Beykoz, Turkiye
| | - Ibrahim Halil Kavakli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkiye; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkiye.
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Jiang S, Fu Y, Cheng HW. Daylight exposure and circadian clocks in broilers: part I-photoperiod effect on broiler behavior, skeletal health, and fear response. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103162. [PMID: 37924580 PMCID: PMC10654592 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine effects of various daylight exposure during the 24-h light-dark (L-D) cycle on growth performance, skeletal health, and welfare state in broilers. Environmental photoperiod and related circadian clock, the 24-h L-D cycle, are important factors in maintaining productive performance, pathophysiological homeostasis, and psychological reaction in humans and animals. Currently, various lighting programs as management tools for providing a satisfactory environmental condition have been used in commercial broiler production. Four hundred thirty-two 1-day-old Rose 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 24 pens (18 birds/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 thermal and lighting control rooms, then the birds were exposed to (n = 6): 1) 12L, 2) 16L, 3) 18L, or 4) 20L at 15 d of age. Lighting program effects on bird body weight, behavioral patterns, bone health, and stress levels were evaluated from d 35 to d 45, respectively. The birds of 12L as well as 16L groups, reared under short photoperiods close to the natural 24-h L-D cycle, had improved production performance, leg bone health, and suppressed stress reaction compared to the birds of both 18L and 20L groups. Especially, 12L birds had heavier final body weight and averaged daily weight gain (P < 0.05), higher BMD and BMC with longer and wider femur (P < 0.05), lower H/L ratio (P < 0.05), and more birds reached the observer during the touch test (P < 0.05) but spent shorter latency during the tonic immobility test (P < 0.05). Taken together, the data suggest that supplying 12 h as well as 16L of daily light improves performance and health while decreasing stress levels in broilers, making it a potentially suitable approach for broiler production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuechi Fu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Heng-Wei Cheng
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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36
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Kong X, Meerlo P, Hut RA. Melatonin Does Not Affect the Stress-Induced Phase Shifts of Peripheral Clocks in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad183. [PMID: 38128120 PMCID: PMC11083644 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Repeated or chronic stress can change the phase of peripheral circadian rhythms. Melatonin (Mel) is thought to be a circadian clock-controlled signal that might play a role in synchronizing peripheral rhythms, in addition to its direct suppressing effects on the stress axis. In this study we test whether Mel can reduce the social-defeat stress-induced phase shifts in peripheral rhythms, either by modulating circadian phase or by modulating the stress axis. Two experiments were performed with male Mel-deficient C57BL/6J mice carrying the circadian reporter gene construct (PER2::LUC). In the first experiment, mice received night-restricted (ZT11-21) Mel in their drinking water, resulting in physiological levels of plasma Mel peaking in the early dark phase. This treatment facilitated re-entrainment of the activity rhythm to a shifted light-dark cycle, but did not prevent the stress-induced (ZT21-22) reduction of activity during stress days. Also, this treatment did not attenuate the phase-delaying effects of stress in peripheral clocks in the pituitary, lung, and kidney. In a second experiment, pituitary, lung, and kidney collected from naive mice (ZT22-23), were treated with Mel, dexamethasone (Dex), or a combination of the two. Dex application affected PER2 rhythms in the pituitary, kidney, and lung by changing period, phase, or both. Administering Mel did not influence PER2 rhythms nor did it alleviate Dex-induced delays in PER2 rhythms in those tissues. We conclude that exogenous Mel is insufficient to affect peripheral PER2 rhythms and reduce stress effects on locomotor activity and phase changes in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpan Kong
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, the Netherlands
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, the Netherlands
| | - Roelof A Hut
- Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747AG, the Netherlands
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37
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Dudek M, Pathiranage DRJ, Bano-Otalora B, Paszek A, Rogers N, Gonçalves CF, Lawless C, Wang D, Luo Z, Yang L, Guilak F, Hoyland JA, Meng QJ. Mechanical loading and hyperosmolarity as a daily resetting cue for skeletal circadian clocks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7237. [PMID: 37963878 PMCID: PMC10646113 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily rhythms in mammalian behaviour and physiology are generated by a multi-oscillator circadian system entrained through environmental cues (e.g. light and feeding). The presence of tissue niche-dependent physiological time cues has been proposed, allowing tissues the ability of circadian phase adjustment based on local signals. However, to date, such stimuli have remained elusive. Here we show that daily patterns of mechanical loading and associated osmotic challenge within physiological ranges reset circadian clock phase and amplitude in cartilage and intervertebral disc tissues in vivo and in tissue explant cultures. Hyperosmolarity (but not hypo-osmolarity) resets clocks in young and ageing skeletal tissues and induce genome-wide expression of rhythmic genes in cells. Mechanistically, RNAseq and biochemical analysis revealed the PLD2-mTORC2-AKT-GSK3β axis as a convergent pathway for both in vivo loading and hyperosmolarity-induced clock changes. These results reveal diurnal patterns of mechanical loading and consequent daily oscillations in osmolarity as a bona fide tissue niche-specific time cue to maintain skeletal circadian rhythms in sync.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dudek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Dharshika R J Pathiranage
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Beatriz Bano-Otalora
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Paszek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Natalie Rogers
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Cátia F Gonçalves
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Craig Lawless
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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38
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de Barros Dantas LL, Eldridge BM, Dorling J, Dekeya R, Lynch DA, Dodd AN. Circadian regulation of metabolism across photosynthetic organisms. Plant J 2023; 116:650-668. [PMID: 37531328 PMCID: PMC10953457 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Circadian regulation produces a biological measure of time within cells. The daily cycle in the availability of light for photosynthesis causes dramatic changes in biochemical processes in photosynthetic organisms, with the circadian clock having crucial roles in adaptation to these fluctuating conditions. Correct alignment between the circadian clock and environmental day-night cycles maximizes plant productivity through its regulation of metabolism. Therefore, the processes that integrate circadian regulation with metabolism are key to understanding how the circadian clock contributes to plant productivity. This forms an important part of exploiting knowledge of circadian regulation to enhance sustainable crop production. Here, we examine the roles of circadian regulation in metabolic processes in source and sink organ structures of Arabidopsis. We also evaluate possible roles for circadian regulation in root exudation processes that deposit carbon into the soil, and the nature of the rhythmic interactions between plants and their associated microbial communities. Finally, we examine shared and differing aspects of the circadian regulation of metabolism between Arabidopsis and other model photosynthetic organisms, and between circadian control of metabolism in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms. This synthesis identifies a variety of future research topics, including a focus on metabolic processes that underlie biotic interactions within ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany M. Eldridge
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Jack Dorling
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Richard Dekeya
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Deirdre A. Lynch
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
| | - Antony N. Dodd
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK
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39
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Bolshette N, Ibrahim H, Reinke H, Asher G. Circadian regulation of liver function: from molecular mechanisms to disease pathophysiology. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:695-707. [PMID: 37291279 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of liver functions are regulated daily by the liver circadian clock and via systemic circadian control by other organs and cells within the gastrointestinal tract as well as the microbiome and immune cells. Disruption of the circadian system, as occurs during jetlag, shift work or an unhealthy lifestyle, is implicated in several liver-related pathologies, ranging from metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease to liver malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In this Review, we cover the molecular, cellular and organismal aspects of various liver pathologies from a circadian viewpoint, and in particular how circadian dysregulation has a role in the development and progression of these diseases. Finally, we discuss therapeutic and lifestyle interventions that carry health benefits through support of a functional circadian clock that acts in synchrony with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityanand Bolshette
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hussam Ibrahim
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Reinke
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gad Asher
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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40
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Abstract
Circadian clocks confer 24-h periodicity to biological systems, to ultimately maximize energy efficiency and promote survival in a world with regular environmental light cycles. In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate myriad physiological functions, including the immune, endocrine, and central nervous systems. Within the central nervous system, specialized glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia survey and maintain the neuroimmune environment. The contributions of these neuroimmune cells to both homeostatic and pathogenic demands vary greatly across the day. Moreover, the function of these cells changes across the lifespan. In this review, we discuss circadian regulation of the neuroimmune environment across the lifespan, with a focus on microglia and astrocytes. Circadian rhythms emerge in early life concurrent with neuroimmune sculpting of brain circuits and wane late in life alongside increasing immunosenescence and neurodegeneration. Importantly, circadian dysregulation can alter immune function, which may contribute to susceptibility to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight circadian neuroimmune interactions across the lifespan and share evidence that circadian dysregulation within the neuroimmune system may be a critical component in human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Chen
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Brandy N. Routh
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Andrew D. Gaudet
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Laura K. Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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41
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Cheng WY, Desmet L, Depoortere I. Time-restricted eating for chronodisruption-related chronic diseases. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14027. [PMID: 37553828 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The circadian timing system enables organisms to adapt their physiology and behavior to the cyclic environmental changes including light-dark cycle or food availability. Misalignment between the endogenous circadian rhythms and external cues is known as chronodisruption and is closely associated with the development of metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Time-restricted eating (TRE, in human) is an emerging dietary approach for weight management. Recent studies have shown that TRE or time-restricted feeding (TRF, when referring to animals) has several beneficial health effects, which, however, are not limited to weight management. This review summarizes the effects of TRE/TRF on regulating energy metabolism, gut microbiota and homeostasis, development of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Furthermore, we will address the role of circadian clocks in TRE/TRF and propose ways to optimize TRE as a dietary strategy to obtain maximal health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yin Cheng
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louis Desmet
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Depoortere
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gut Peptide Research Lab, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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42
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de Leeuw M, Verhoeve SI, van der Wee NJA, van Hemert AM, Vreugdenhil E, Coomans CP. The role of the circadian system in the etiology of depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105383. [PMID: 37678570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms have evolved in almost all organisms enabling them to anticipate alternating changes in the environment. As a consequence, the circadian clock controls a broad range of bodily functions including appetite, sleep, activity and cortisol levels. The circadian clock synchronizes itself to the external world mainly by environmental light cues and can be disturbed by a variety of factors, including shift-work, jet-lag, stress, ageing and artificial light at night. Interestingly, mood has also been shown to follow a diurnal rhythm. Moreover, circadian disruption has been associated with various mood disorders and patients suffering from depression have irregular biological rhythms in sleep, appetite, activity and cortisol levels suggesting that circadian rhythmicity is crucially involved in the etiology and pathophysiology of depression. The aim of the present review is to give an overview and discuss recent findings in both humans and rodents linking a disturbed circadian rhythm to depression. Understanding the relation between a disturbed circadian rhythm and the etiology of depression may lead to novel therapeutic and preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max de Leeuw
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone B1-P, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Mental Health Care Rivierduinen, Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Clinic, PO Box 405, Leiden 2300 AK, the Netherlands.
| | - Sanne I Verhoeve
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Nic J A van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone B1-P, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Albert M van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone B1-P, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Erno Vreugdenhil
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia P Coomans
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
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43
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Manoli G, Zandawala M, Yoshii T, Helfrich-Förster C. Characterization of clock-related proteins and neuropeptides in Drosophila littoralis and their putative role in diapause. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1525-1549. [PMID: 37493077 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Insects from high latitudes spend the winter in a state of overwintering diapause, which is characterized by arrested reproduction, reduced food intake and metabolism, and increased life span. The main trigger to enter diapause is the decreasing day length in summer-autumn. It is thus assumed that the circadian clock acts as an internal sensor for measuring photoperiod and orchestrates appropriate seasonal changes in physiology and metabolism through various neurohormones. However, little is known about the neuronal organization of the circadian clock network and the neurosecretory system that controls diapause in high-latitude insects. We addressed this here by mapping the expression of clock proteins and neuropeptides/neurohormones in the high-latitude fly Drosophila littoralis. We found that the principal organization of both systems is similar to that in Drosophila melanogaster, but with some striking differences in neuropeptide expression levels and patterns. The small ventrolateral clock neurons that express pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) and short neuropeptide F (sNPF) and are most important for robust circadian rhythmicity in D. melanogaster virtually lack PDF and sNPF expression in D. littoralis. In contrast, dorsolateral clock neurons that express ion transport peptide in D. melanogaster additionally express allatostatin-C and appear suited to transfer day-length information to the neurosecretory system of D. littoralis. The lateral neurosecretory cells of D. littoralis contain more neuropeptides than D. melanogaster. Among them, the cells that coexpress corazonin, PDF, and diuretic hormone 44 appear most suited to control diapause. Our work sets the stage to investigate the roles of these diverse neuropeptides in regulating insect diapause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Manoli
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Meet Zandawala
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Taishi Yoshii
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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44
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van Beurden AW, Meylahn JM, Achterhof S, Buijink R, Olde Engberink A, Michel S, Meijer JH, Rohling JHT. Reduced Plasticity in Coupling Strength in the Aging SCN Clock as Revealed by Kuramoto Modeling. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:461-475. [PMID: 37329153 PMCID: PMC10475211 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231175191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and consists of a network of coupled neurons, which are entrained to the environmental light-dark cycle. The phase coherence of the neurons is plastic and driven by the duration of daylight. With aging, the capacity to behaviorally adapt to seasonal changes in photoperiod reduces. The mechanisms underlying photoperiodic adaptation are largely unknown, but are important to unravel for the development of novel interventions to improve the quality of life of the elderly. We analyzed the phase coherence of single-cell PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE (PER2::LUC) expression rhythms in the SCN of young and old mice entrained to either long or short photoperiod. The phase coherence was used as input to a 2-community noisy Kuramoto model to estimate the coupling strength between and within neuronal subpopulations. The model revealed a correlation between coupling strength and photoperiod-induced changes in the phase relationship among neurons, suggesting a functional link. We found that the SCN of young mice adapts in coupling strength over a large range, with weak coupling in long photoperiod (LP) and strong coupling in short photoperiod (SP). In aged mice, we also found weak coupling in LP, but a reduced capacity to reach strong coupling in SP. The inability to respond with an increase in coupling strength suggests that manipulation of photoperiod is not a suitable strategy to enhance clock function with aging. We conclude that the inability of aged mice to reach strong coupling contributes to deficits in behavioral adaptation to seasonal changes in photoperiod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk W. van Beurden
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janusz M. Meylahn
- Dutch Institute for Emergent Phenomena, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Achterhof
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Renate Buijink
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Olde Engberink
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Michel
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna H. Meijer
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H. T. Rohling
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Huang R, Chen J, Zhou M, Xin H, Lam SM, Jiang X, Li J, Deng F, Shui G, Zhang Z, Li MD. Multi-omics profiling reveals rhythmic liver function shaped by meal timing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6086. [PMID: 37773240 PMCID: PMC10541894 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) couple feed-fast cycles to diurnal rhythms. However, it remains largely uncharacterized whether and how meal timing organizes diurnal rhythms beyond the transcriptome. Here, we systematically profile the daily rhythms of the proteome, four PTMs (phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, succinylation and N-glycosylation) and the lipidome in the liver from young female mice subjected to either day/sleep time-restricted feeding (DRF) or night/wake time-restricted feeding (NRF). We detect robust daily rhythms among different layers of omics with phosphorylation the most nutrient-responsive and succinylation the least. Integrative analyses reveal that clock regulation of fatty acid metabolism represents a key diurnal feature that is reset by meal timing, as indicated by the rhythmic phosphorylation of the circadian repressor PERIOD2 at Ser971 (PER2-pSer971). We confirm that PER2-pSer971 is activated by nutrient availability in vivo. Together, this dataset represents a comprehensive resource detailing the proteomic and lipidomic responses by the liver to alterations in meal timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianghui Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meiyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoran Xin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- LipidALL Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Akpınar Ş, Tek NA. Age-Related Changes in Circadian Rhythm and Association with Nutrition. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:376-382. [PMID: 37195400 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Considering the increase in life expectancy, there is a time-related decline in biological functions. Age-related changes are also observed in the circadian clock which directly leads to appropriate rhythms in the endocrine and metabolic pathways required for organism homeostasis. Circadian rhythms are affected by the sleep/wake cycle, environmental changes, and nutrition. The aim of this review is to show the relationship between age-related changes in circadian rhythms of physiological and molecular processes and nutritional differences in the elderly. RECENT FINDINGS Nutrition is an environmental factor that is particularly effective on peripheral clocks. Age-related physiological changes have an impact on nutrient intake and circadian processes. Considering the known effects of amino acid and energy intakes on peripheral and circadian clocks, it is thought that the change in circadian clocks in aging may occur due to anorexia due to physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şerife Akpınar
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Gazi University, Bişkek Main St. 6. St No: 2, 06490, Ankara, Emek, Turkey.
| | - Nilüfer Acar Tek
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Gazi University, Bişkek Main St. 6. St No: 2, 06490, Ankara, Emek, Turkey
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Li Y, Zhao Z, Tan YY, Wang X. Dynamical analysis of the effects of circadian clock on the neurotransmitter dopamine. Math Biosci Eng 2023; 20:16663-16677. [PMID: 37920028 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is an autonomous timing system that regulates the physiological and behavioral activities of organisms. Dopamine (DA) is an important neurotransmitter that is associated with many biological activities such as mood and movement. Experimental studies have shown that the circadian clock influences the DA system and disorders in the circadian clock lead to DA-related diseases. However, the regulatory mechanism of the circadian clock on DA is far from clear. In this paper, we apply an existing circadian-dopamine mathematical model to explore the effects of the circadian clock on DA. Based on numerical simulations, we find the disturbance of the circadian clock, including clock gene mutations, jet lag and light pulses, leads to abnormal DA levels. The effects of mutations in some clock genes on the mood and behavior of mice are closely related to DA disruptions. By sensitivity analysis of DA levels to parameter perturbation, we identify key reactions that affect DA levels, which provides insights into modulating DA disorders. Sudden changes in external light influence the circadian clock, bringing about effects on the DA system. Jet lag causes transient DA rhythm desynchronization with the environment and the influence of jet lag in different directions on DA level and phase varies. Light pulses affect the amplitude and phase shift of DA, which provides a promising method for treating DA disorders through light exposure. This study helps to better understand the impact of the circadian clock on the DA system and provides theoretical support for the treatment of DA disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tan
- College of Information Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 203306, China
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Zhang T, Liu Y, Yang L. Amplitude response and singularity behavior of circadian clock to external stimuli. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:39. [PMID: 37573374 PMCID: PMC10423250 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplitude changes caused by environmental cues are universal in the circadian clock and associated with various diseases. Singularity behavior, characterized by the disruption of circadian rhythms due to critical stimuli, has been observed across various species. Several mathematical models of the circadian clock have replicated this phenomenon. A comprehensive understanding of the amplitude response remains elusive due to experimental limitations. In this study, we address this question by utilizing a simple normal form model that accurately fits previous experimental data, thereby presenting a general mechanism. We employ a geometric framework to illustrate the dynamics in different stimuli of light-induced transcription (LIT) and light-induced degradation (LID), highlighting the core role of invisible instability in amplitude response. Our model systematically elucidates how stimulus mode, phase, and strength determine amplitude responses. The results show that external stimuli induce alterations in both the amplitudes of individual oscillators and the synchronization among oscillators, collectively influencing the overall amplitude response. While experimental methods impose constraints resulting in limited outcomes under specific conditions, our model provides a comprehensive and three-dimensional mechanistic explanation. A comparison with existing experimental findings demonstrates the consistency of our proposed mechanism. Considering the response direction, the framework enables the identification of phases that lead to increased circadian amplitude. Based on this mechanism derived from the framework, stimulus strategies for resetting circadian rhythms with reduced side effects could be designed. Our results demonstrate that the framework has great potential for understanding and applying stimulus responses in the circadian clock and other limit cycle oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Dintwa L, Hughes CE, Blain EJ. Importance of mechanical cues in regulating musculoskeletal circadian clock rhythmicity: Implications for articular cartilage. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15780. [PMID: 37537718 PMCID: PMC10400755 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock, a collection of endogenous cellular oscillators with an approximate 24-h cycle, involves autoregulatory transcriptional/translational feedback loops to enable synchronization within the body. Circadian rhythmicity is controlled by a master clock situated in the hypothalamus; however, peripheral tissues are also under the control of autonomous clocks which are coordinated by the master clock to regulate physiological processes. Although light is the primary signal required to entrain the body to the external day, non-photic zeitgeber including exercise also entrains circadian rhythmicity. Cellular mechano-sensing is imperative for functionality of physiological systems including musculoskeletal tissues. Over the last decade, mechano-regulation of circadian rhythmicity in skeletal muscle, intervertebral disc, and bone has been demonstrated to impact tissue homeostasis. In contrast, few publications exist characterizing the influence of mechanical loading on the circadian rhythm in articular cartilage, a musculoskeletal tissue in which loading is imperative for function; importantly, a dysregulated cartilage clock contributes to development of osteoarthritis. Hence, this review summarizes the literature on mechano-regulation of circadian clocks in musculoskeletal tissues and infers on their collective importance in understanding the circadian clock and its synchronicity for articular cartilage mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekau Dintwa
- Biomedicine Division, School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Clare E. Hughes
- Biomedicine Division, School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Emma J. Blain
- Biomedicine Division, School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
- Biomechanics and Bioengineering Centre Versus Arthritis, School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
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Abstract
Lipids play important roles in energy metabolism along with diverse aspects of biological membrane structure, signaling and other functions. Perturbations of lipid metabolism are responsible for the development of various pathologies comprising metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Accumulating evidence suggests that circadian oscillators, operative in most cells of our body, coordinate temporal aspects of lipid homeostasis. In this review we summarize current knowledge on the circadian regulation of lipid digestion, absorption, transportation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and storage. Specifically, we focus on the molecular interactions between functional clockwork and biosynthetic pathways of major lipid classes comprising cholesterol, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, glycosphingolipids, and sphingomyelins. A growing body of epidemiological studies associate a socially imposed circadian misalignment common in modern society with growing incidence of metabolic disorders, however the disruption of lipid metabolism rhythms in this connection has only been recently revealed. Here, we highlight recent studies that unravel the mechanistic link between intracellular molecular clocks, lipid homeostasis and development of metabolic diseases based on animal models of clock disruption and on innovative translational studies in humans. We also discuss the perspectives of manipulating circadian oscillators as a potentially powerful approach for preventing and managing metabolic disorders in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Petrenko
- Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Flore Sinturel
- Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Charna Dibner
- Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
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