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Park C, Kwon DH, Hwang SJ, Han MH, Jeong JW, Hong SH, Cha HJ, Hong SH, Kim GY, Lee HJ, Kim S, Kim HS, Choi YH. Protective Effects of Nargenicin A1 against Tacrolimus-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hirame Natural Embryo Cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16061044. [PMID: 30909475 PMCID: PMC6466173 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16061044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tacrolimus is widely used as an immunosuppressant to reduce the risk of rejection after organ transplantation, but its cytotoxicity is problematic. Nargenicin A1 is an antibiotic extracted from Nocardia argentinensis and is known to have antioxidant activity, though its mode of action is unknown. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of nargenicin A1 on DNA damage and apoptosis induced by tacrolimus in hirame natural embryo (HINAE) cells. We found that reduced HINAE cell survival by tacrolimus was due to the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis, both of which were prevented by co-treating nargenicin A1 or N-acetyl-l-cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, with tacrolimus. In addition, apoptosis induction by tacrolimus was accompanied by increases in ROS generation and decreases in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, and these changes were significantly attenuated in the presence of nargenicin A1, which further indicated tacrolimus-induced apoptosis involved an oxidative stress-associated mechanism. Furthermore, nargenicin A1 suppressed tacrolimus-induced B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) down-regulation, Bax up-regulation, and caspase-3 activation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that nargenicin A1 protects HINAE cells against tacrolimus-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, at least in part, by scavenging ROS and thus suppressing the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea.
| | - Da Hye Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Su Jung Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Min Ho Han
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea.
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 17104, Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea.
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea.
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea.
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Rocha TA, Moura DFD, Silva MMD, Dos Santos Souza TG, Lira MADCD, Barros DDM, da Silva AG, Ximenes RM, Falcão EPDS, Chagas CA, Júnior FCADA, Santos NPDS, Silva MVD, Correia MTDS. Evaluation of cytotoxic potential, oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of organic extracts of Pityrocarpa moniliformis. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2019; 82:216-231. [PMID: 30849290 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1576563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of organic extracts of P. moniliformis in vitro and identify the acute toxicity and genotoxicity in vivo. The leaves were extracted using three organic solvents (cyclohexane [EP1], ethyl acetate [EP2], and methanol [EP3]). Phytochemical qualitative analysis was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Cytotoxicity tests were performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and J774 murine macrophages. Acute toxicity in mice was measured after intraperitoneal (ip) administration of 2000 mg/kg, while evaluation of genotoxicity and mutagenicity were assessed using the comet assay and the micronucleus (MN) test, respectively. The TLC analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, and saponins. In the cytotoxicity assay, extracts EP1 and EP3 altered proliferation of HEK cells, and all organic extracts increased the viability of J774 cells. In the toxicity tests, no deaths or behavioral alterations were observed in mice exposed to the acute dose of the extracts. Although some extracts led to changes in hematological and histological parameters, these results did not indicate physiological changes. In relation to the MN test and comet assay, no significant changes were detected in the DNA of the animals tested with the extracts EP1, EP2, and EP3. Thus, extracts of P. moniliformis were not considered to be toxic and did not induce formation of MN or damage to cellular DNA in the genotoxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris Alves Rocha
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife , Brazil
| | - Danielle Feijó de Moura
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife , Brazil
| | - Marllyn Marques da Silva
- b Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Biotecnologia e Cultura de Células (NANOBIOCEL), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Talita Giselly Dos Santos Souza
- c Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fármacos, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Vitória de Santo Antão , Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida da Conceição de Lira
- d Laboratório de Síntese e Isolamento Molecular (SIM). Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Vitória de Santo Antão
| | - Dayane de Melo Barros
- e Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Alexandre Gomes da Silva
- f Departamento de Antibióticos , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife , Pernambuco , Brazil
- g Núcleo de Bioprospecção da Caatinga , Instituto Nacional do Semiárido , Paraíba , Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- b Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Biotecnologia e Cultura de Células (NANOBIOCEL), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão
- d Laboratório de Síntese e Isolamento Molecular (SIM). Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Vitória de Santo Antão
| | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- h Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Fármacos, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Vitória de Santo Antão , Brazil
| | | | - Noêmia Pereira da Silva Santos
- b Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Biotecnologia e Cultura de Células (NANOBIOCEL), Centro Acadêmico de Vitória , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Brazil
| | - Marcia Vanusa da Silva
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife , Brazil
- g Núcleo de Bioprospecção da Caatinga , Instituto Nacional do Semiárido , Paraíba , Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife , Brazil
- g Núcleo de Bioprospecção da Caatinga , Instituto Nacional do Semiárido , Paraíba , Brazil
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Moon J, Roh S. Expression of polo-like kinase 1 in pre-implantation stage murine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:2-9. [PMID: 30481982 PMCID: PMC6351765 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has various applications in research, as well as in the medical field and animal husbandry. However, the efficiency of SCNT is low and the accurate mechanism of SCNT in murine embryo development is unreported. In general, the developmental rate of SCNT murine embryos is lower than in vivo counterparts. In previous studies, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) was reported to be a crucial element in cell division including centrosome maturation, cytokinesis, and spindle formation. In an initial series of experiments in this study, BI2536, a Plk1 inhibitor, was treated to in vivo-fertilized embryos and the embryos failed to develop beyond the 2-cell stage. This confirmed previous findings that Plk1 is crucial for the first mitotic division of murine embryos. Next, we investigated Plk1's localization and intensity by immunofluorescence analysis. In contrast to normally developed embryos, SCNT murine embryos that failed to develop exhibited two types of Plk1 expressions; a low Plk1 expression pattern and ectopic expression of Plk1. The results show that Plk1 has a critical role in SCNT murine embryos. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the SCNT murine embryos fail to develop beyond the 2-cell stage, and the embryos show abnormal Plk1 expression patterns, which may one of the main causes of developmental failure of early SCNT murine embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Moon
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Dental Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Dental Life Science, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sangho Roh
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Dental Research Institute, BK21 PLUS Dental Life Science, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Pendzialek SM, Knelangen JM, Schindler M, Gürke J, Grybel KJ, Gocza E, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A. Trophoblastic microRNAs are downregulated in a diabetic pregnancy through an inhibition of Drosha. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:167-179. [PMID: 30447248 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are promising biological markers for prenatal diagnosis. They regulate placental development and are present in maternal plasma. Maternal metabolic diseases are major risk factors for placental deterioration. We analysed the influence of a maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on microRNA expression in maternal plasma and in blastocysts employing an in vivo rabbit diabetic pregnancy model and an in vitro embryo culture in hyperglycaemic and hypoinsulinaemic medium. Maternal diabetes led to a marked downregulation of Dicer protein in embryoblast cells and Drosha protein in trophoblast cells. MiR-27b, miR-141 and miR-191 were decreased in trophoblast cells and in maternal plasma of diabetic rabbits. In vitro studies indicate, that maternal hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia partially contribute to the downregulation of trophoblastic microRNAs. As the altered microRNA expression was detectable in maternal plasma, too, the plasma microRNA signature could serve as an early biological marker for the prediction of trophoblast function during a diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mareike Pendzialek
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Julia M Knelangen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jacqueline Gürke
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katarzyna J Grybel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Elen Gocza
- Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (ABC), National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre (NARIC), Szent-Györgyi Albert u. 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bernd Fischer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Navarrete Santos
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, 06097, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Mohd Mutalip SS, Rajikin MH, Ab Rahim S, Mohamed Noor Khan N. Annatto ( Bixa orellana) δ-TCT Supplementation Protection against Embryonic Malformations through Alterations in PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 Pathway. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E19. [PMID: 30634632 PMCID: PMC6358786 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective action by annatto-derived delta-tocotrienol (δ-TCT) and soy-derived alpha-tocopherol (α-TOC) through the regulation of the PI3K/Akt-cyclin D1 pathway against nicotine-induced DNA damage is the focus of the present study. Nicotine, which has been widely reported to have numerous adverse effects on the reproductive system, was used as a reproductive toxicant. 48 female balb/c mice (6⁻8 weeks) (23⁻25 g) were randomly divided into eight groups (Grp.1⁻Grp.8; n = 6) and treated with either nicotine or/and annatto δ-TCT/soy α-TOC for seven consecutive days. On Day 8, the females were superovulated and mated before euthanization for embryo collection (46 h post-coitum). Fifty 2-cell embryos from each group were used in gene expression analysis using Affymetrix QuantiGene Plex2.0 assay. Findings indicated that nicotine (Grp.2) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos compared to the control (Grp.1). Intervention with mixed annatto δ-TCT (Grp.3) and pure annatto δ-TCT (Grp.4) significantly increased the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 127% and 79%, respectively compared to Grp.2, but these were lower than Grp.1. Concurrent treatment with soy α-TOC (Grp.5) decreased embryo production by 7%. Supplementations with δ-TCT and α-TOC alone (Grp.6-Grp.8) significantly increased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 50%, 36%, and 41%, respectively, compared to control (Grp.1). These results were found to be associated with alterations in the PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 genes expressions, indicating the inhibitory effects of annatto δ-TCT and soy α-TOC against nicotinic embryonic damage. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt in studying the benefits of annatto δ-TCT on murine preimplantation 2-cell embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Syairah Mohd Mutalip
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor 40450, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Hamim Rajikin
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor 40450, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 47000, Malaysia.
| | - Sharaniza Ab Rahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 47000, Malaysia.
| | - Norashikin Mohamed Noor Khan
- Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor 40450, Malaysia.
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 47000, Malaysia.
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Abstract
The rabbit is a mainstay of regulatory developmental toxicity testing; however, due to the historic absence of experimental tools for this species, there is a dearth of information about its fundamental embryology and the mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity. Relatively recently, there have been advances in the methods of rabbit whole embryo culture (WEC), and this has prompted an increase in understanding of rabbit embryogenesis. Described herein are the methods used to remove early somite-stage embryos (gestation day 9) and sustain their growth for 48 h. Although there are similarities to the well-described rodent WEC, there are also important differences. Akin to rodent WEC, the major phases of organogenesis can be investigated, including neural tube development, cardiac looping, segmentation, and the development of the anlagen of the optic and otic regions, craniofacial development, somites, and early limb bud development. Unlike the rodent, rabbit WEC requires the use of an apparatus that allows for the continuous gassing of embryos, and one may observe the expansion and closure of the visceral yolk sac around the embryo. After completion of the culture period, embryos are examined across several growth and developmental parameters including a quantitative morphological scoring system. Embryonic growth and development in the absence of maternal influences allows for the study of the direct action of agents or their metabolites on the embryo. The use of both rodent and rabbit WEC together is a powerful strategy with which to investigate species-specific vulnerabilities to specific agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence R S Ozolinš
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Abstract
The embryotoxicity associated with exposure to exogenous compounds such as drugs and environmental chemicals can be assessed using the mouse whole embryo culture technique. This method has several advantages over traditional in vivo studies including the exclusion of any confounding maternal and placental effects, the selection of embryos that are at similar stages of development, and the control of exposure concentrations of exogenous agents and modifiers of interest. This chapter will detail the steps involved in using this technique to assess embryotoxicity following exposure to a toxicant. Briefly, embryos are explanted from murine dams on gestational day 9.0 (vaginal plug, day 1) and cultured in CO2 saturated male rat serum for up to 24 h at 37 °C in the presence or absence of a specific toxicant. Embryonic morphological and developmental parameters (e.g., anterior neuropore closure) are then evaluated using a dissecting microscope 24 h later. Potential biochemical analyses are also listed and limitations discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Y Tung
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Louise M Winn
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
- School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Igarashi T, Takashima H, Takabe M, Suzuki H, Ushida K, Kawamura T, Matsumoto M, Iso T, Tanabe S, Inoue K, Ono A, Yamada T, Hirose A. Initial hazard assessment of benzyl salicylate: In vitro genotoxicity test and combined repeated-dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 100:105-117. [PMID: 30359701 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzyl salicylate is used as a fragrance ingredient and an ultraviolet light absorber, but its toxicity is unknown. Therefore, toxicity tests and hazard classification were conducted for screening assessment under the Japanese Chemical Substances Control Law. Benzyl salicylate was found to be non-genotoxic in vitro based on the chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster lung cells. However, the combined repeated-dose and reproductive/developmental screening toxicity test, in which male and female rats were administered benzyl salicylate by gavage at 0, 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day for 42 and 41-46 days, respectively, from 14 days before mating until postnatal Day 4, showed that repeated doses had major effects on the thymus, liver, epididymis, and femur at 100 and/or 300 mg/kg/day. Furthermore, although benzyl salicylate had no effect on the estrus cycle, fertility, corpus lutea, or implantation rate, embryonic resorption, offspring mortality, and neural tube defects were observed at 300 mg/kg/day, and the offspring had lower body weights at 30 and 100 mg/kg/day, suggesting teratogenicity similar to other salicylates. Based on the developmental toxicity, this chemical was classified as hazard class 2, with a lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) of 30 mg/kg/day and a D-value of 0.003 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshime Igarashi
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Hiromasa Takashima
- BoZo Research Center Inc., 1284 Kamado, Gotennba, Shizuoka, 412-0039, Japan.
| | - Michihito Takabe
- BoZo Research Center Inc., 1284 Kamado, Gotennba, Shizuoka, 412-0039, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Ushida
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Kawamura
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Mariko Matsumoto
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Takako Iso
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Shihori Tanabe
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Inoue
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Hirose
- Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
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Lejong M, Choa-Duterre M, Vanmuylder N, Louryan S. Geldanamycin administration reduces the amount of primordial germ cells in the mouse embryo. Morphologie 2018; 102:219-224. [PMID: 29807855 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are expressed or overexpressed in response to exposure to stress. They act as molecular chaperones, ensuring the correct folding of numerous client proteins. HSP90 is one of the most conserved HSPs. Its role extends beyond stress tolerance. HSP90 also contributes to development, differenciation, apoptosis and oncogenesis. Numerous tumors are associated with an overexpression of HSP90 and this expression can be used to evaluate its metastatic capacity. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) exhibit HSP90 expression under normal conditions. PGCs arise early in development and migrate by a combination of passive and active movements towards the gonads. The aim of this work was to study the impact of an inhibition of HSP90 on the migration of the PGCs. Geldanamycin, a well established HSP90 inhibitor with potent antitumor properties was used to achieve this inhibition. MATERIEL AND METHODS 5mg of Geldanamycin were administered to E8 pregnant mice. E17 embryos were removed and fixed for staining and Immunohistochemistry with anti-HSP90 and anti-VASA antibodies. RESULTS Geldanamycin-treated mouse embryos exhibited less VASA-immunopositive cells compared to the non-treated ones. These results suggest that geldanamycin administration at the time of PGCs migration reduces the number of PGCs in the gonads. HSP90 and VASA stainings were identical. We therefore expressed the idea that HSP90 could be used as a reliable marker for PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lejong
- Laboratory of anatomy, biomechanics and organogenesis, faculty of medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, campus Erasme, route de Lennick, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - M Choa-Duterre
- Laboratory of anatomy, biomechanics and organogenesis, faculty of medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, campus Erasme, route de Lennick, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - N Vanmuylder
- Laboratory of anatomy, biomechanics and organogenesis, faculty of medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, campus Erasme, route de Lennick, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - S Louryan
- Laboratory of anatomy, biomechanics and organogenesis, faculty of medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, campus Erasme, route de Lennick, 808, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium.
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Kraisoon A, Navanukraw C, Inthamonee W, Bunma T. Embryonic development, luteal size and blood flow area, and concentrations of PGF 2α metabolite in dairy cows fed a diet enriched in polysaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acid. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 195:291-301. [PMID: 29958704 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine effects of sunflower (SO) and palm oil (PO) supplements in the diet on embryonic development, luteal size and blood flow area, PGF2α metabolite (PGFM), and progesterone (P4) concentrations. Prepartum cows (n = 42) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments (control, 4% PO, and 4% SO supplements). Animals were fed diets individually from day 28 prepartum to day 111 postpartum. Luteal size and blood flow area were determined throughout the estrous cycle by Doppler ultrasonography. Oocytes were collected in three ovum pick-up sessions at 2 week intervals for the in vitro embryo production. Oocyte characteristics and embryonic development were not affected by dietary treatments. Cows fed 4% SO had a greater (P < 0.05) concentration of PGFM from day 15 to day 35 postpartum than those cows fed 4% PO and the control group. On day 11 of the estrous cycle (mid-luteal phase), serum P4 concentrations (6.0 ± 0.7, 5.7 ± 0.5, and 4.7 ± 0.6 ng/ml), luteal size (7.0 ± 0.2, 6.5 ± 0.2, and 5.3 ± 0.1 cm2) and luteal blood flow area (1.3 ± 0.2, 1.2 ± 0.1, and 0.9 ± 0.1 cm2) were greater (P < 0.05) in cows fed 4% SO and 4% PO than the control group, respectively. Thus, plant oil supplements in diets affected luteal size and serum P4 and PGFM concentrations, but not early embryonic development. Such changes in secretion of PGF2α and P4 indicate that plant oil supplements during pre- and postpartum may alter uterine and luteal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kraisoon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - C Navanukraw
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ABRCSE), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - W Inthamonee
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - T Bunma
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Dayalan Naidu S, Muramatsu A, Saito R, Asami S, Honda T, Hosoya T, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Suzuki T, Dinkova-Kostova AT. C151 in KEAP1 is the main cysteine sensor for the cyanoenone class of NRF2 activators, irrespective of molecular size or shape. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8037. [PMID: 29795117 PMCID: PMC5966396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous small molecules (termed inducers), many of which are electrophiles, upregulate cytoprotective responses and inhibit pro-inflammatory pathways by activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2). Key to NRF2 activation is the ability to chemically modifying critical sensor cysteines in the main negative regulator of NRF2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), of which C151, C273 and C288 are best characterized. This study aimed to establish the requirement for these cysteine sensor(s) for the biological activities of the most potent NRF2 activators known to date, the cyclic cyanoenones, some of which are in clinical trials. It was found that C151 in KEAP1 is the main cysteine sensor for this class of inducers, irrespective of molecular size or shape. Furthermore, in primary macrophage cells expressing C151S mutant KEAP1, at low concentrations, the tricyclic cyanoenone TBE-31 is inactive as an activator of NRF2 as well as an inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and IL1β. However, at high inducer concentrations, NRF2 activation proceeds in the absence of C151, albeit at a lower magnitude. Our findings highlight the intrinsic flexibility of KEAP1 and emphasize the critical importance of establishing the precise dose of NRF2 activators for maintaining on-target selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Aki Muramatsu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryota Saito
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Soichiro Asami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Tomonori Hosoya
- Department of Stress Response Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Wielders CLC, van Nierop P, Vormer TL, Foijer F, Verheij J, Lodder JC, Andersen JB, Mansvelder HD, te Riele H. RNAi screening of subtracted transcriptomes reveals tumor suppression by taurine-activated GABAA receptors involved in volume regulation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196979. [PMID: 29787571 PMCID: PMC5963783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify coding and non-coding suppressor genes of anchorage-independent proliferation by efficient loss-of-function screening, we have developed a method for enzymatic production of low complexity shRNA libraries from subtracted transcriptomes. We produced and screened two LEGO (Low-complexity by Enrichment for Genes shut Off) shRNA libraries that were enriched for shRNA vectors targeting coding and non-coding polyadenylated transcripts that were reduced in transformed Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs). The LEGO shRNA libraries included ~25 shRNA vectors per transcript which limited off-target artifacts. Our method identified 79 coding and non-coding suppressor transcripts. We found that taurine-responsive GABAA receptor subunits, including GABRA5 and GABRB3, were induced during the arrest of non-transformed anchor-deprived MEFs and prevented anchorless proliferation. We show that taurine activates chloride currents through GABAA receptors on MEFs, causing seclusion of cell volume in large membrane protrusions. Volume seclusion from cells by taurine correlated with reduced proliferation and, conversely, suppression of this pathway allowed anchorage-independent proliferation. In human cholangiocarcinomas, we found that several proteins involved in taurine signaling via GABAA receptors were repressed. Low GABRA5 expression typified hyperproliferative tumors, and loss of taurine signaling correlated with reduced patient survival, suggesting this tumor suppressive mechanism operates in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camiel L. C. Wielders
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van Nierop
- VU University, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tinke L. Vormer
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- University Medical Centre Groningen, ERIBA, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Academic Medical Center, Division of Pathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C. Lodder
- VU University, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper B. Andersen
- University of Copenhagen, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huibert D. Mansvelder
- VU University, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein te Riele
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Marjonen H, Toivonen M, Lahti L, Kaminen-Ahola N. Early prenatal alcohol exposure alters imprinted gene expression in placenta and embryo in a mouse model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197461. [PMID: 29763474 PMCID: PMC5953443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can harm the embryonic development and cause life-long consequences in offspring’s health. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of PAE we have used a mouse model of early alcohol exposure, which is based on maternal ad libitum ingestion of 10% (v/v) ethanol for the first eight days of gestation (GD 0.5–8.5). Owing to the detected postnatal growth-restricted phenotype in the offspring of this mouse model and both prenatal and postnatal growth restriction in alcohol-exposed humans, we focused on imprinted genes Insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), H19, Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide N (Snrpn) and Paternally expressed gene 3 (Peg3), which all are known to be involved in embryonic and placental growth and development. We studied the effects of alcohol on DNA methylation level at the Igf2/H19 imprinting control region (ICR), Igf2 differentially methylated region 1, Snrpn ICR and Peg3 ICR in 9.5 embryonic days old (E9.5) embryos and placentas by using MassARRAY EpiTYPER. To determine alcohol-induced alterations globally, we also examined methylation in long interspersed nuclear elements (Line-1) in E9.5 placentas. We did not observe any significant alcohol-induced changes in DNA methylation levels. We explored effects of PAE on gene expression of E9.5 embryos as well as E9.5 and E16.5 placentas by using quantitative PCR. The expression of growth promoter gene Igf2 was decreased in the alcohol-exposed E9.5 and E16.5 placentas. The expression of negative growth controller H19 was significantly increased in the alcohol-exposed E9.5 embryos compared to controls, and conversely, a trend of decreased expression in alcohol-exposed E9.5 and E16.5 placentas were observed. Furthermore, increased Snrpn expression in alcohol-exposed E9.5 embryos was also detected. Our study indicates that albeit no alterations in the DNA methylation levels of studied sequences were detected by EpiTYPER, early PAE can affect the expression of imprinted genes in both developing embryo and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Marjonen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mia Toivonen
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Lahti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Kaminen-Ahola
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Bárez-López S, Obregon MJ, Bernal J, Guadaño-Ferraz A. Thyroid Hormone Economy in the Perinatal Mouse Brain: Implications for Cerebral Cortex Development. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:1783-1793. [PMID: 28407057 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (THs, T4 and the transcriptionally active hormone T3) play an essential role in neurodevelopment; however, the mechanisms underlying T3 brain delivery during mice fetal development are not well known. This work has explored the sources of brain T3 during mice fetal development using biochemical, anatomical, and molecular approaches. The findings revealed that during late gestation, a large amount of fetal brain T4 is of maternal origin. Also, in the developing mouse brain, fetal T3 content is regulated through the conversion of T4 into T3 by type-2 deiodinase (D2) activity, which is present from earlier prenatal stages. Additionally, D2 activity was found to be essential to mediate expression of T3-dependent genes in the cerebral cortex, and also necessary to generate the transient cerebral cortex hyperthyroidism present in mice lacking the TH transporter Monocarboxylate transporter 8. Notably, the gene encoding for D2 (Dio2) was mainly expressed at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Overall, these data signify that T4 deiodinated by D2 may be the only source of T3 during neocortical development. We therefore propose that D2 activity at the BCSFB converts the T4 transported across the choroid plexus into T3, thus supplying the brain with active hormone to maintain TH homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Bárez-López
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrine, U-708, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (Ciberer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Obregon
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Bernal
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrine, U-708, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (Ciberer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Guadaño-Ferraz
- Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrine, U-708, Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (Ciberer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Karimian M, Zandi M, Sanjabi MR, Masoumian M, Ofoghi H. Effects of grape seed extract, quercetin and vitamin C on ovine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:98-102. [PMID: 29631690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) versus quercetin and vitamin C on in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development in sheep. The free radical scavenging activity of different concentrations of each product was measured by 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). Oocytes were collected from ovaries of slaughtered ewes and matured in TCM-199 medium containing fetal calf serum, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol-17 β, sodium pyruvate, and gentamicin sulfate. The in vitro fertilization and culture were performed using Bracket and Oliphant's (BO) medium and modified Charles Rosenkrans medium with amino acids (mCR2aa), respectively. The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of grape seed had free radical scavenging activity. IC50 value for GSE, vitamin C, and quercetin was found to be 585 µg/mL, 53 µg/mL, and 43 µg/mL, respectively. The concentrations, which showed beneficial effects on oocyte maturation and early development based on the mean number of cleavage, morula and blastocyst rates, were 25-200 µg/mL, 5 or 15 µg/mL, and 800 µg/mL, respectively, for vitamin C, quercetin and GSE. However, there were no significant differences between different concentrations of GSE and control. Findings also highlight the great effect on blastocyst rate while adding GSE at 800 µg/mL. However, the best rate of blastocyst production was obtained in presence of quercetin. Findings suggested the need for further studies on special molecules derived from GSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Karimian
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zandi
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sanjabi
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Masoumian
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ofoghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
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You YA, Mohamed EA, Rahman MS, Kwon WS, Song WH, Ryu BY, Pang MG. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin can alter the sex ratio of embryos with decreased viability of Y spermatozoa in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 77:130-136. [PMID: 29505796 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a reproductive and developmental toxicant that can alter the sex ratio of offspring (proportion of male offspring). We hypothesized that the alteration of sex ratio is associated with sex chromosome ratio of live spermatozoa affected by exposure to TCDD. After exposure to TCDD we analyzed simultaneously sperm sex chromosome constitution and viability, and evaluated sperm sex chromosome ratio association with embryo sex ratio in mice. Short-term exposure to TCDD affects the decreased sperm motility and viability, and the increased acrosome reaction. Interestingly, Y spermatozoa survived shorter than X spermatozoa at high concentrations of TCDD. Moreover, the decreased sex ratio of embryos was associated with the short lifespan of Y spermatozoa. Our results suggest that TCDD may affect the fertility of Y spermatozoa more than X spermatozoa. Further studies are needed to compare the difference of fertilizing capability between X and Y spermatozoa by the effect of TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ah You
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Elsayed A Mohamed
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Hee Song
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Buom-Yong Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Necroptosis, a form of regulated necrosis, is triggered by a variety of signals that converge to activate receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), consequently promoting the direct phosphorylation and activation of the mixed lineage kinase like (MLKL) protein. Active MLKL executes necroptosis by disrupting the integrity of the plasma membrane. Stimuli that can induce necroptosis include ligation of death receptors (a subset of the TNFR family), toll-like receptors (in particular, TLR3 and TLR4), interferons, and the intracellular viral sensor, DAI/ZBP1, among others. To study the process in more detail, it is useful to have a means to directly activate RIPK3. Here we provide protocols and procedures to artificially induce necroptotic cell death by drug-induced forced dimerization of RIPK3. We also provide information on specific kinase inhibitors, procedures to monitor RIPK3 and MLKL activation, and real-time quantification of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Abstract
In vivo pregnant study protocols covering preconceptional exposure as well as prenatal and postnatal development including the lactation period to screen the toxic effects on specific elements of the highly complicated reproductive cycle are time-consuming and expensive. Morphology-based whole embryo culture is the most common alternative in vitro embryotoxicity method to evaluate the early developmental toxicity of drugs. Here we share our procedures and experience in the whole embryo culture for drug embryotoxicity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Coletta R, Roberts NA, Randles MJ, Morabito A, Woolf AS. Exogenous transforming growth factor-β1 enhances smooth muscle differentiation in embryonic mouse jejunal explants. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:252-264. [PMID: 28084682 PMCID: PMC6485323 DOI: 10.1002/term.2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An ex vivo experimental strategy that replicates in vivo intestinal development would in theory provide an accessible setting with which to study normal and dysmorphic gut biology. The current authors recently described a system in which mouse embryonic jejunal segments were explanted onto semipermeable platforms and fed with chemically defined serum-free media. Over 3 days in organ culture, explants formed villi and they began to undergo spontaneous peristalsis. As defined in the current study, the wall of the explanted gut failed to form a robust longitudinal smooth muscle (SM) layer as it would do in vivo over the same time period. Given the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) in SM differentiation in other organs, it was hypothesized that exogenous TGFβ1 would enhance SM differentiation in these explants. In vivo, TGFβ receptors I and II were both detected in embryonic longitudinal jejunal SM cells and, in organ culture, exogenous TGFβ1 induced robust differentiation of longitudinal SM. Microarray profiling showed that TGFβ1 increased SM specific transcripts in a dose dependent manner. TGFβ1 proteins were detected in amniotic fluid at a time when the intestine was physiologically herniated. By analogy with the requirement for exogenous TGFβ1 for SM differentiation in organ culture, the TGFβ1 protein that was demonstrated to be present in the amniotic fluid may enhance intestinal development when it is physiologically herniated in early gestation. Future studies of embryonic intestinal cultures should include TGFβ1 in the defined media to produce a more faithful model of in vivo muscle differentiation. Copyright © 2017 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Coletta
- Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human SciencesUniversity of ManchesterUK
- Paediatric Autologous Bowel Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Royal Manchester Children's HospitalCentral Manchester Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Neil A. Roberts
- Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human SciencesUniversity of ManchesterUK
| | - Michael J. Randles
- Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human SciencesUniversity of ManchesterUK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Antonino Morabito
- Paediatric Autologous Bowel Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Royal Manchester Children's HospitalCentral Manchester Foundation TrustManchesterUK
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Adrian S. Woolf
- Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human SciencesUniversity of ManchesterUK
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's HospitalCentral Manchester Foundation TrustManchesterUK
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Chumak AA, Talko VV, Atamanyuk NP, Derevyanko LP, Rodionova NK, Kosyakova GV, Mehed AF, Goridko TM, Berdyshev AG, Gula NM. Transgeneration effects of N-stearoylethanolamine in irradiated rats. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2017; 22:270-281. [PMID: 29286512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to explore possible transgeneration effects in the rats offspring of the first generation of parents subject ed to the combined effects of N stearoylethanolamine (NSE) and external exposure.Materials and metods. In the first generation rats of both sexes born to parents who have experienced the combined influence of ionizing radiation at a dose of 2.0 Gy and NSE a daily dose of 50.0 mg/kg, administered before or after exposure indicators of pro and antioxidant systems (the concentration of TBA reactive products, catalase and glu tathione peroxidase activity in plasma) were defined, concentrations of sex hormones testosterone and estradiol and nitrite anion were studied. RESULTS Irradiation of parents caused a three fold reduction of testosterone in the blood plasma of males progeny, increased activity of catalase in plasma of female offsprings, as well as significantly increased the concentration of protein in the offsprings' blood plasma of both sexes. Introduction of NSE to parents before exposure caused the acti vation of lipid peroxidation in plasma of both sexes offsprings' against the background of a trustworthy decrease in activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), however, prevented a sharp reduction of testosterone content in the blood plasma of males offsprings, conditioned by the influence of radiation on the body of their parents. NSE introduction to parents after exposure caused no significant violations of pro/ antioxidant bal ance in the body of both sexes progeny, but did not eliminate the negative impact of parental exposure to testos terone levels in male offsprings. CONCLUSION The transgeneration impact of NSE is manifested by radio sensitizing properties in the first generation offsprings in case of application to parents before irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Chumak
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine NAMS of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - V V Talko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine NAMS of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - N P Atamanyuk
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine NAMS of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - L P Derevyanko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine NAMS of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - N K Rodionova
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine NAMS of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - G V Kosyakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovycha str., 9, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - A F Mehed
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovycha str., 9, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - T M Goridko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovycha str., 9, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - A G Berdyshev
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovycha str., 9, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - N M Gula
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovycha str., 9, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
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71
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Schweiger S, Matthes F, Posey K, Kickstein E, Weber S, Hettich MM, Pfurtscheller S, Ehninger D, Schneider R, Krauß S. Resveratrol induces dephosphorylation of Tau by interfering with the MID1-PP2A complex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13753. [PMID: 29062069 PMCID: PMC5653760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of paired helical filaments (PHF), which are composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein dissociating from microtubules, is one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. The most important phosphatase that is capable of dephosphorylating Tau at AD specific phospho-sites is protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A). Here we show that resveratrol, a polyphenol, significantly induces PP2A activity and reduces Tau phosphorylation at PP2A-dependent epitopes. The increase in PP2A activity is caused by decreased expression of the MID1 ubiquitin ligase that mediates ubiquitin-specific modification and degradation of the catalytic subunit of PP2A when bound to microtubules. Interestingly, we further show that MID1 expression is elevated in AD tissue. Our data suggest a key role of MID1 in the pathology of AD and related tauopathies. Together with previous studies showing that resveratrol reduces β-amyloid toxicity they also give evidence of a promising role for resveratrol in the prophylaxis and therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schweiger
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Frank Matthes
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str.27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen Posey
- McGovern Medical School at University of Texas in Houston, Department of Pediatrics, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Eva Kickstein
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephanie Weber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str.27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz M Hettich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str.27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Pfurtscheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str.27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sybille Krauß
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Sigmund-Freud-Str.27, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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Martinez CA, Nohalez A, Parrilla I, Motas M, Roca J, Romero I, García-González DL, Cuello C, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Martinez EA, Gil MA. The overlaying oil type influences in vitro embryo production: differences in composition and compound transfer into incubation medium between oils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10505. [PMID: 28874873 PMCID: PMC5585310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The oil overlay micro-drop system is widely used for cultures of mammalian gametes and embryos. We evaluated hereby the effects of two unaltered commercial oils- Sigma mineral oil (S-MO) and Nidoil paraffin oil (N-PO)-on in vitro embryo production (IVP) outcomes using a pig model. The results showed that while either oil apparently did not affect oocyte maturation and fertilization rates, S-MO negatively affected embryo cleavage rates, blastocyst formation rates, and, consequently, total blastocyst efficiency of the system. No differences in the oxidation state were found between the oils or culture media incubated under S-MO or N-PO. Although both oils slightly differed in elemental composition, there were no differences in the concentrations of elements between fresh media and media incubated under oils. By contrast, we demonstrated clear oil-type differences in both the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and the transfer of some of these VOC´s (straight-chain alkanes and pentanal and 1,3-diethyl benzene) to the culture medium, which could have influenced embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina A Martinez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Nohalez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Motas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Roca
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Romero
- Instituto de la Grasa, (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Cuello
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Emilio A Martinez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
| | - Maria A Gil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
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73
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Tang YC, Yuwen H, Wang K, Bruno PM, Bullock K, Deik A, Santaguida S, Trakala M, Pfau SJ, Zhong N, Huang T, Wang L, Clish CB, Hemann MT, Amon A. Aneuploid Cell Survival Relies upon Sphingolipid Homeostasis. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5272-5286. [PMID: 28775166 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aneuploidy, a hallmark of cancer cells, poses an appealing opportunity for cancer treatment and prevention strategies. Using a cell-based screen to identify small molecules that could selectively kill aneuploid cells, we identified the compound N-[2-hydroxy-1-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-2-phenylethyl]-decanamide monohydrochloride (DL-PDMP), an antagonist of UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase. DL-PDMP selectively inhibited proliferation of aneuploid primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts and aneuploid colorectal cancer cells. Its selective cytotoxic effects were based on further accentuating the elevated levels of ceramide, which characterize aneuploid cells, leading to increased apoptosis. We observed that DL-PDMP could also enhance the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel, a standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agent that causes aneuploidy, in human colon cancer and mouse lymphoma cells. Our results offer pharmacologic evidence that the aneuploid state in cancer cells can be targeted selectively for therapeutic purposes, or for reducing the toxicity of taxane-based drug regimens. Cancer Res; 77(19); 5272-86. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chi Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Yuwen
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiying Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter M Bruno
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin Bullock
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Amy Deik
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Stefano Santaguida
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Marianna Trakala
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah J Pfau
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Na Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Clary B Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael T Hemann
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Angelika Amon
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Abstract
Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming of the genome of donor cells causes poor early and full-term developmental efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Previous research indicate that inhibition of the histone H3 K79 methyltransferase DOT1L, using a selective pharmacological inhibitor EPZ004777 (EPZ), significantly improved reprogramming efficiency during the generation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the roles of DOT1L in porcine nuclear transfer-mediated cellular reprogramming are not yet known. Here we showed that DOT1L inhibition via 0.5 nM EPZ treatment for 12 or 24 h significantly enhanced the blastocyst rate of SCNT embryos and dramatically reduced the level of H3K79me2 during SCNT 1-cell embryonic development. Additionally, H3K79me2 level in the EPZ-treated SCNT embryos was similar to that in in vitro fertilized embryos, suggesting that DOT1L-mediated H3K79me2 is a reprogramming barrier to early development of porcine SCNT embryos. qRT-PCR analysis further demonstrated that DOT1L inactivation did not change the expression levels of DOT1L itself but increased the expression levels of POU5F1, LIN28, SOX2, CDX2 and GATA4 associated with pluripotency and early cell differentiation. In conclusion, DOT1L inhibitor improved early developmental efficiency of porcine SCNT embryos probably via inducing the increased expression of genes important for pluripotency and lineage specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zuo
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Renyun Hong
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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75
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Yu M, Chen L, Peng Z, Wang D, Song Y, Wang H, Yao P, Yan H, Nüssler AK, Liu L, Yang W. Embryotoxicity Caused by DON-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated by Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9060188. [PMID: 28598396 PMCID: PMC5488038 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9060188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) belongs to the type B group of trichothecenes family, which is composed of sesquiterpenoid metabolites produced by Fusarium and other fungi in grain. DON may cause various toxicities, such as cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity as well as teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. In the present study, we focus on a hypothesis that DON alters the expressions of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by inducing embryotoxicity in C57BL/6 mouse (5.0, 2.5, 1.0, and 0 mg/kg/day) and BeWo cell lines (0 and 50 nM; 3 h, 12 h and 24 h). Our results indicate that DON treatment in mice during pregnancy leads to ROS accumulation in the placenta, which results in embryotoxicity. At the same time Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is up-regulated by ROS to protect placenta cells from oxidative damage. In DON-treated BeWo cells, the level of ROS has time–effect and dose–effect relationships with HO-1 expression. Moderate increase in HO-1 protects the cell from oxidative damage, while excessive increase in HO-1 aggravates the oxidative damage, which is called in some studies the “threshold effect”. Therefore, oxidative stress may be the critical molecular mechanism for DON-induced embryotoxicity. Besides, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway accompanied by the “threshold effect” also plays an important role against DON-induced oxidative damage in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhao Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yadong Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hanying Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma center, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
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76
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Li E, Ye X, Fang L, Ye Y. [Effect of oxygen concentration on outcome of in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2017; 46:290-294. [PMID: 29039172 PMCID: PMC10396978 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2017.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of low and high oxygen concentration on embryo development, pregnancy outcome and birth defects of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). METHODS According to the oxygen concentration of in vitro culture environment, the IVF-ET performed in the Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine during 2013 and 2015 were divided into low oxygen concentration group (n=2036, 5% O2) and high oxygen concentration group (n=4617, 20% O2). The rate of fertilization, good quality embryo, clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, abortion and birth defect were compared between two groups. RESULTS The good quality embryo rate was significantly higher in the low oxygen concentration group (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found between two groups in the rate of fertilization, clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, abortion and birth defect (all P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low oxygen environment may improve the potential of embryonic development, but its impact on pregnancy outcome and birth defect is not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enshu Li
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaoqun Ye
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yinghui Ye
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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77
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Tian X, Wang F, Zhang L, Ji P, Wang J, Lv D, Li G, Chai M, Lian Z, Liu G. Melatonin Promotes the In Vitro Development of Microinjected Pronuclear Mouse Embryos via Its Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Apoptotic Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E988. [PMID: 28475125 PMCID: PMC5454901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) combined with pronuclear microinjection has become the most effective method for producing transgenic animals. However, the relatively low embryo developmental rate limits its application. In the current study, it was observed that 10-7 M melatonin is considered an optimum concentration and significantly promoted the in vitro development of murine microinjected pronuclear embryos, as indicated by the increased blastocyst rate, hatching blastocyst rate and blastocyst cell number. When these blastocysts were implanted into recipient mice, the pregnancy rate and birth rate were significantly higher than those of the microinjected control, respectively. Mechanistic studies revealed that melatonin treatment reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular apoptosis during in vitro embryo development and improved the quality of the blastocysts. The implantation of quality-improved blastocysts led to elevated pregnancy and birth rates. In conclusion, the results revealed that the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic activities of melatonin improved the quality of microinjected pronuclear embryos and subsequently increased both the efficiency of embryo implantation and the birth rate of the pups. Therefore, the melatonin supplementation may provide a novel alternative method for generating large numbers of transgenic mice and this method can probably be used in human-assisted reproduction and genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Pengyun Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Dongying Lv
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guangdong Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Menglong Chai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoshi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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78
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Himmelstein DS, Cajigas I, Bi C, Clark BS, Van Der Voort G, Kohtz JD. SHH E176/E177-Zn 2+ conformation is required for signaling at endogenous sites. Dev Biol 2017; 424:221-235. [PMID: 28263766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is a master developmental regulator. In 1995, the SHH crystal structure predicted that SHH-E176 (human)/E177 (mouse) regulates signaling through a Zn2+-dependent mechanism. While Zn2+ is known to be required for SHH protein stability, a regulatory role for SHH-E176 or Zn2+ has not been described. Here, we show that SHH-E176/177 modulates Zn2+-dependent cross-linking in vitro and is required for endogenous signaling, in vivo. While ectopically expressed SHH-E176A is highly active, mice expressing SHH-E177A at endogenous sites (ShhE177A/-) are morphologically indistinguishable from mice lacking SHH (Shh-/-), with patterning defects in both embryonic spinal cord and forebrain. SHH-E177A distribution along the embryonic spinal cord ventricle is unaltered, suggesting that E177 does not control long-range transport. While SHH-E177A association with cilia basal bodies increases in embryonic ventral spinal cord, diffusely distributed SHH-E177A is not detected. Together, these results reveal a novel role for E177-Zn2+ in regulating SHH signaling that may involve critical, cilia basal-body localized changes in cross-linking and/or conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Himmelstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Ivelisse Cajigas
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Chunming Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Brian S Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Grant Van Der Voort
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Jhumku D Kohtz
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Developmental Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Box 204, 2430 N. Halsted, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
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79
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Yassa HA, George SM, Mohamed HK. Folic acid improve developmental toxicity induced by aluminum sulphates. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 50:32-36. [PMID: 28119228 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aluminum sulphate has a significant toxic effects for humans. Aluminum is one of the most abundant metal on the Earth crust. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of short term exposure to aluminum sulphate on the bone development of the fetuses in rats, and if folic acid has a protective role upon that effects or not. Forty female rats were used, ten per group, GI served as negative control (receive nothing except normal feeding and water), GII served as positive control (receive water by gastric gavage), GIII treated with aluminum sulphate orally by gastric gavage and GIV treated with aluminum sulphate with folic acid. Mating occurred and known by presence of vaginal plug in the female rats. Rats were killed on day 18 of gestation. RESULTS The female rats weight were significantly reduced in the treated group if compared with the control group (p>0.001), all parameters of the fetuses, fetal weight, malformation and the crown rump length reduced significantly p value were <0.000, <0.001, and <0.000 respectively. In histopathological results the aluminum treated group showed severe limited area of preossfication in fetuses vertebrae. Folic acid gave a protective role for all the hazardous effects of aluminum sulphate and prove the diameters measured and also the histopathological effects. CONCLUSION Aluminum sulphate can produce hazardous effects on bone of the fetuses, which may affect the life style of these fetuses later on. Folic acid might give a protective role and so should be given to females who tried to conceive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Yassa
- Assiut University, Faculty of Medicine, Forensic and Clinical Toxicology Department, Egypt.
| | - Safaa M George
- Assiut University, Faculty of Medicine, Forensic and Clinical Toxicology Department, Egypt
| | - Heba K Mohamed
- Assiut University, Faculty of Medicine, Anatomy and Embryology Department, Egypt
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80
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Sorensen D, Sackett A, Urban DJ, Maier J, Vargesson N, Sears KE. A new mammalian model system for thalidomide teratogenesis: Monodelphis domestica. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 70:126-132. [PMID: 28130151 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
From 1957 to 1962, thalidomide caused birth defects in >10,000 children. While the drug was pulled from the market, thalidomide is currently prescribed to treat conditions including leprosy. As a result, a new generation of babies with thalidomide defects is being born in the developing world. This represents a serious problem, as the mechanisms by which thalidomide disrupts development remain unresolved. This lack of resolution is due, in part, to the absence of an appropriate mammalian model for thalidomide teratogenesis. We test the hypothesis that opossum (Monodelphis domestica) is well suited to model human thalidomide defects. Results suggest that opossum embryos exposed to thalidomide display a range of phenotypes (e.g., heart, craniofacial, limb defects) and penetrance similar to humans. Furthermore, all opossums with thalidomide defects exhibit vascular disruptions. Results therefore support the hypotheses that opossums make a good mammalian model for thalidomide teratogenesis, and that thalidomide can severely disrupt angiogenesis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sorensen
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amanda Sackett
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel J Urban
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer Maier
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Neil Vargesson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition. Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Karen E Sears
- School of Integrative Biology, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, 1206 W Gregory Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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81
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Cao Z, Hong R, Ding B, Zuo X, Li H, Ding J, Li Y, Huang W, Zhang Y. TSA and BIX-01294 Induced Normal DNA and Histone Methylation and Increased Protein Expression in Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169092. [PMID: 28114389 PMCID: PMC5256949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor efficiency of animal cloning is mainly attributed to the defects in epigenetic reprogramming of donor cells' chromatins during early embryonic development. Previous studies indicated that inhibition of histone deacetylases or methyltransferase, such as G9A, using Trichostatin A (TSA) or BIX-01294 significantly enhanced the developmental efficiency of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. However, potential mechanisms underlying the improved early developmental competence of SCNT embryos exposed to TSA and BIX-01294 are largely unclear. Here we found that 50 nM TSA or 1.0 μM BIX-01294 treatment alone for 24 h significantly elevated the blastocyst rate (P < 0.05), while further improvement was not observed under combined treatment condition. Furthermore, co-treatment or TSA treatment alone significantly reduced H3K9me2 level at the 4-cell stage, which is comparable with that in in vivo and in vitro fertilized counterparts. However, only co-treatment significantly decreased the levels of 5mC and H3K9me2 in trophectoderm lineage and subsequently increased the expression of OCT4 and CDX2 associated with ICM and TE lineage differentiation. Altogether, these results demonstrate that co-treatment of TSA and BIX-01294 enhances the early developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos via improvements in epigenetic status and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubing Cao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Renyun Hong
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zuo
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail:
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82
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Abstract
Graphene has been shown much interest, both in academics and industry due to its extraordinary physical, chemical, and biological proprieties. It shows great promises in biotechnological and biomedical applications as an antibacterial and anticancer agent, nanocarrier, sensor, etc. However, many studies demonstrated the toxicity of graphene in several cell lines, which is an obstacle to its use in biomedical applications. In this study, to improve the biocompatibility of graphene, we used nicotinamide (NAM) as a reducing and stabilizing agent to catalyze the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The resulted smaller-sized GO (NAM-rGO) showed excellent biocompatibility with mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, evidenced by various cellular assays. Furthermore, NAM-rGO had no effect on mitochondrial membrane permeability and caspase-3 activity compared to GO. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis allowed us to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for NAM-rGO-induced biocompatibility. NAM-rGO significantly induced the expression of genes encoding tight junction proteins (TJPs) such as zona occludens-1 (Tjp1) and claudins (Cldn3) without any effect on the expression of cytoskeleton proteins. Furthermore, NAM-rGO enhances the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) gene, and it does this in a time-dependent manner. Overall, our study depicted the molecular mechanisms underlying NAM-rGO biocompatibility depending on upregulation of TJPs and ALP. This potential quality of graphene could be used in diverse applications including tissue regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Feng Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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83
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Yuan X, Wang Y, Li L, Zhou W, Tian D, Lu C, Yu S, Zhao J, Peng S. PM 2.5 induces embryonic growth retardation: Potential involvement of ROS-MAPKs-apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest pathways. Environ Toxicol 2016; 31:2028-2044. [PMID: 26472167 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) is an "invisible killer" to human health. There is increasing evidence revealing the adverse effects of PM2.5 on the early embryonic development and pregnancy outcome, but the molecular mechanism underlying PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity is largely unknown. Previous studies have documented that exposure to PM triggers ROS generation, leads to subsequent activation of MAPKs signaling, and results in corresponding cell biological changes including enhanced apoptosis and altered cell cycle in the cardiopulmonary system. Here, we investigated whether ROS-MAPKs-apoptosis/cell cycle arrest pathways play an important role in PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity using the rat whole embryo culture system. The results showed that PM2.5 treatment led to embryonic growth retardation at concentrations of 50 μg/ml and above, as evidenced by the reduced yolk sac diameter, crown-rump length, head length and somite number. PM2.5 -induced embryonic growth retardation was accompanied by cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, ROS generation and subsequent activation of JNK and ERK might be involved in PM2.5 -induced apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest by downregulating Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio and upregulating p15INK4B , p16INK4A , and p21WAF1/CIP1 transcription level. In conclusion, our results indicate that ROS-JNK/ERK-apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest pathways are involved in PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity, which not only provides insights into the molecular mechanism of PM2.5 -induced embryotoxicity, but also may help to identify specific interventions to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes of PM2.5 . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 2028-2044, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yuan
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimei Wang
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhong Li
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Tian
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzhong Yu
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangqing Peng
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
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84
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Salazar Z, Ducolomb Y, Betancourt M, Bonilla E, Cortés L, Hernández-Hernández F, González-Márquez H. Gene Expression Analysis on the Early Development of Pig Embryos Exposed to Malathion. Int J Toxicol 2016; 26:143-9. [PMID: 17454254 DOI: 10.1080/10915810701226263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Malathion is a widely used pesticide and there is evidence that it could alter mammal’s germ and somatic cells, as well as cell lines. There are not enough studies showing how the nonacute malathion doses affect gene expression. This study analyzes gene expression alterations in pig morular embryos exposed in vitro , for 96 h, to several malathion concentrations after in vitro fertilization. cDNA libraries of isolated morular embryos were created and differential screenings performed to identify target genes. Seven clones were certainly identified. Genes related to mitochondrial metabolism as cytochrome c subunits I and III, nuclear genes such as major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I), and a hypothetical protein related with a splicing factor were the target of malathion’s deregulation effect. The widespread use of malathion as a pesticide should be regarded with reproductive implications and more detailed analysis would yield more about molecular mechanisms of malathion injury on embryo cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayil Salazar
- Doctorado en Biología Experimental, CBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México, D. F. México
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85
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Abstract
Ovine uterine serpin (OvUS) is produced in the uterus of sheep under the influence of progesterone. It weakly inhibits pepsin and reduces proliferation of lymphocytes, tumor cell lines, and preimplantation embryos. When purified from uterine fluid, the concentration required for its antiproliferative effect in vitro is ~0.25–1 mg/ml. Here we show that recombinant (r) OvUS is a more potent regulator of cell proliferation than native (n) OvUS purified from uterine fluid. To produce rOvUS, RNA was extracted from endometrium from a pregnant ewe and cDNA was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using gene-specific primers. The purified OvUS cDNA was inserted into the ampicillin-resistant plasmid vector pcDNA3.1/V5-His-TOPO. The plasmid was introduced into the TOP10 Escherichia coli strain, purified, and used for transfection of Freestyle 293-F cells. Digestion of rOvUS with protein N-glycosidase F confirmed that rOvUS was N-glycosylated. Both rOvUS and nOvUS inhibited proliferation of phytohemagglutin-activated sheep lymphocytes and the P388D1 mouse lymphoma and PC-3 prostate cell lines. Inhibition was greater for rOvUS than for nOvUS, and concentrations as low as 15 μg/ml rOvUS were effective at reducing lymphocyte proliferation. Addition of rOvUS to fertilized bovine embryos reduced the cleavage rate and the percentage of embryos that became blastocysts. Native OvUS did not affect cleavage rate and had a smaller effect on development to the blastocyst stage. Experiments demonstrate that OvUS is a more potent inhibitor of cell proliferation and embryonic development than previously believed and add credence to the putative role for the protein in regulating cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saban Tekin
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
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86
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Ye W, Ramos EH, Wong BC, Belsham DD. Beneficial Effects of Metformin and/or Salicylate on Palmitate- or TNFα-Induced Neuroinflammatory Marker and Neuropeptide Gene Regulation in Immortalized NPY/AgRP Neurons. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166973. [PMID: 27893782 PMCID: PMC5125651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)/Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus induce feeding and decrease energy expenditure. With consumption of a diet high in fat, there is an increase in circulating saturated free fatty acids, including palmitate, leading to the development of neuroinflammation and secretion of cytokines, such as TNFα, and in turn activation of the canonical IKKβ/NFκB cascade. We describe a model of palmitate- and TNFα-induced neuroinflammation in a functionally characterized, immortalized NPY/AgRP-expressing cell model, mHypoE-46, to study whether the anti-diabetic metformin alone or in combination with the anti-inflammatory agent salicylate can ameliorate these detrimental effects. Treatment with palmitate increased mRNA expression of feeding peptides Npy and Agrp, and inflammatory cytokines Tnfa and Il-6, whereas treatment with TNFα increased mRNA expression of Npy, Nfkb, Ikba, Tnfa, and Il-6. The effects of metformin and/or sodium salicylate on these genes were assessed. Metformin increased phosphorylation of AMPK and S6K, while sodium salicylate increased phospho-AMPK and decreased phospho-S6K, but neither had any effect on phospho-ERK, -JNK or –p38 in the mHypoE-46 NPY/AgRP neurons. Furthermore, we utilized a pre-treatment and/or co-treatment paradigm to model potential clinical regimens. We determined co-treatment with metformin or sodium salicylate alone was successful in alleviating changes observed in feeding peptide mRNA regulation, whereas a preventative pre-treatment with metformin and sodium salicylate together was able to alleviate palmitate- and TNFα-induced induction of NPY and/or AgRP mRNA levels. These results highlight important differences in reactive versus preventative treatments on palmitate- and TNFα-induced neuroinflammation in NPY/AgRP neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Ye
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ernesto H. Ramos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian C. Wong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denise D. Belsham
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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87
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Hou X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhai Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Tang B, Zhang X, Sun L, Li Z. Effects of cytochalasin B on DNA methylation and histone modification in parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos. Reproduction 2016; 152:519-27. [PMID: 27581081 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modification play important roles in the development of mammalian embryos. Cytochalasin B (CB) is an actin polymerization inhibitor that can significantly affect cell activity and is often used in studies concerning cytology. In recent years, CB is also commonly being used in in vitro experiments on mammalian embryos, but few studies have addressed the effect of CB on the epigenetic modification of embryonic development, and the mechanism underlying this process is also unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of CB on DNA methylation and histone modification in the development of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos. Treatment with 5 μg/mL CB for 4 h significantly increased the cleavage rate, blastocyst rate and total cell number of blastocysts. However, the percentage of apoptotic cells and the expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes BCL-XL, BAX and CASP3 were significantly decreased. Treatment with CB significantly decreased the expression levels of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, HAT1 and HDAC1 at the pronuclear stage and promoted the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). After CB treatment, the level of AcH3K9 was upregulated and the level of H3K9me3 was downregulated. When combined with Scriptaid and 5-Aza-Cdr, CB further improved the embryonic development competence and decreased the expression of BCL-XL, BAX and CASP3 In conclusion, these results suggest that CB could improve embryonic development and the quality of the blastocyst by improving the epigenetic modification during the development of parthenogenetically activated embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Hou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human DiseasesAcademy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China College of Animal ScienceJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Second HospitalJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- College of Animal ScienceJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanhui Zhai
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengzhu Wang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xueming Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineJilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liguang Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human DiseasesAcademy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Animal Models of Human DiseasesAcademy of Translational Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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88
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Tirone M, Conti V, Manenti F, Nicolosi PA, D’Orlando C, Azzoni E, Brunelli S. Nitric Oxide Donor Molsidomine Positively Modulates Myogenic Differentiation of Embryonic Endothelial Progenitors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164893. [PMID: 27760216 PMCID: PMC5070765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic VE-Cadherin-expressing progenitors (eVE-Cad+), including hemogenic endothelium, have been shown to generate hematopoietic stem cells and a variety of other progenitors, including mesoangioblasts, or MABs. MABs are vessel-associated progenitors with multilineage mesodermal differentiation potential that can physiologically contribute to skeletal muscle development and regeneration, and have been used in an ex vivo cell therapy setting for the treatment of muscular dystrophy. There is currently a therapeutic need for molecules that could improve the efficacy of cell therapy protocols; one such good candidate is nitric oxide. Several studies in animal models of muscle dystrophy have demonstrated that nitric oxide donors provide several beneficial effects, including modulation of the activity of endogenous cell populations involved in muscle repair and the delay of muscle degeneration. Here we used a genetic lineage tracing approach to investigate whether the therapeutic effect of nitric oxide in muscle repair could derive from an improvement in the myogenic differentiation of eVE-Cad+ progenitors during embryogenesis. We show that early in vivo treatment with the nitric oxide donor molsidomine enhances eVE-Cad+ contribution to embryonic and fetal myogenesis, and that this effect could originate from a modulation of the properties of yolk sac hemogenic endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tirone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Conti
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Manenti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Cristina D’Orlando
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuele Azzoni
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (SB); (EA)
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- * E-mail: (SB); (EA)
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89
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Hokke S, Puelles VG, Armitage JA, Fong K, Bertram JF, Cullen-McEwen LA. Maternal Fat Feeding Augments Offspring Nephron Endowment in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161578. [PMID: 27547968 PMCID: PMC4993378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing consumption of a high fat 'Western' diet has led to a growing number of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity. Maternal overnutrition and obesity have health implications for offspring, yet little is known about their effects on offspring kidney development and renal function. Female C57Bl6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD, 21% fat) or matched normal fat diet (NFD, 6% fat) for 6 weeks prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation and lactation. HFD dams were overweight and glucose intolerant prior to mating but not in late gestation. Offspring of NFD and HFD dams had similar body weights at embryonic day (E)15.5, E18.5 and at postnatal day (PN)21. HFD offspring had normal ureteric tree development and nephron number at E15.5. However, using unbiased stereology, kidneys of HFD offspring were found to have 20-25% more nephrons than offspring of NFD dams at E18.5 and PN21. Offspring of HFD dams with body weight and glucose profiles similar to NFD dams prior to pregnancy also had an elevated nephron endowment. At 9 months of age, adult offspring of HFD dams displayed mild fasting hyperglycaemia but similar body weights to NFD offspring. Renal function and morphology, measured by transcutaneous clearance of FITC-sinistrin and stereology respectively, were normal. This study demonstrates that maternal fat feeding augments offspring nephron endowment with no long-term consequences for offspring renal health. Future studies assessing the effects of a chronic stressor on adult mice with augmented nephron number are warranted, as are studies investigating the molecular mechanisms that result in high nephron endowment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Hokke
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor G. Puelles
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James A. Armitage
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine (Optometry), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Fong
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John F. Bertram
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luise A. Cullen-McEwen
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Zhang Y, Qian D, Li Z, Huang Y, Wu Q, Ru G, Chen M, Wang B. Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage of mouse zygotes triggers G2/M checkpoint and phosphorylates Cdc25 and Cdc2. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:687-96. [PMID: 27117522 PMCID: PMC4907999 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos show both cell cycle and developmental arrest. We previously showed oxidative damage activates the ATM → Chk1 → Cdc25B/Cdc25C cascade to mediate G2/M cell cycle arrest for repair of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in sperm. However, the mechanisms underlying the developmental delay of zygotes are unknown. To develop a model of oxidative-damaged zygotes, we treated mouse zygotes with different concentrations of H2O2 (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05 mM), and evaluated in vitro zygote development, BrdU incorporation to detect the duration of S phase. We also examined reactive oxygen species level and used immunofluorescence to detect activation of γH2AX, Cdc2, and Cdc25. Oxidatively damaged zygotes showed a delay in G2/M phase and produced a higher level of ROS. At the same time, γH2AX was detected in oxidatively damaged zygotes as well as phospho-Cdc25B (Ser323), phospho-Cdc25C (Ser216), and phospho-Cdc2 (Tyr15). Our study indicates that oxidative stress-induced DNA damage of mouse zygotes triggers the cell cycle checkpoint, which results in G2/M cell cycle arrest, and that phospho-Cdc25B (Ser323), phospho-Cdc25C (Ser216), and phospho-Cdc2 (Tyr15) participate in activating the G2/M checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Diting Qian
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Huang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Que Wu
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaizhen Ru
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Chen
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Komninou ER, Remião MH, Lucas CG, Domingues WB, Basso AC, Jornada DS, Deschamps JC, Beck RCR, Pohlmann AR, Bordignon V, Seixas FK, Campos VF, Guterres SS, Collares T. Effects of Two Types of Melatonin-Loaded Nanocapsules with Distinct Supramolecular Structures: Polymeric (NC) and Lipid-Core Nanocapsules (LNC) on Bovine Embryo Culture Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157561. [PMID: 27310006 PMCID: PMC4910990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been used as a supplement in culture medium to improve the efficiency of in vitro produced mammalian embryos. Through its ability to scavenge toxic oxygen derivatives and regulate cellular mRNA levels for antioxidant enzymes, this molecule has been shown to play a protective role against damage by free radicals, to which in vitro cultured embryos are exposed during early development. In vivo and in vitro studies have been performed showing that the use of nanocapsules as active substances carriers increases stability, bioavailability and biodistribution of drugs, such as melatonin, to the cells and tissues, improving their antioxidant properties. These properties can be modulated through the manipulation of formula composition, especially in relation to the supramolecular structures of the nanocapsule core and the surface area that greatly influences drug release mechanisms in biological environments. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two types of melatonin-loaded nanocapsules with distinct supramolecular structures, polymeric (NC) and lipid-core (LNC) nanocapsules, on in vitro cultured bovine embryos. Embryonic development, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mRNA levels of genes involved in cell apoptosis, ROS and cell pluripotency were evaluated after supplementation of culture medium with non-encapsulated melatonin (Mel), melatonin-loaded polymeric nanocapsules (Mel-NC) and melatonin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (Mel-LNC) at 10−6, 10−9, and 10−12 M drug concentrations. The highest hatching rate was observed in embryos treated with 10−9 M Mel-LNC. When compared to Mel and Mel-NC treatments at the same concentration (10−9 M), Mel-LNC increased embryo cell number, decreased cell apoptosis and ROS levels, down-regulated mRNA levels of BAX, CASP3, and SHC1 genes, and up-regulated mRNA levels of CAT and SOD2 genes. These findings indicate that nanoencapsulation with LNC increases the protective effects of melatonin against oxidative stress and cell apoptosis during in vitro embryo culture in bovine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Rossi Komninou
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Härter Remião
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Gomes Lucas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Soledade Jornada
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610–000, RS, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Deschamps
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610–000, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Raffin Pohlmann
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501–970, RS, Brazil
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, H9X 3V9, QC, Canada
| | - Fabiana Kömmling Seixas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, 90610–000, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail: (SSG); (TC)
| | - Tiago Collares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (PPGB), Grupo de Pesquisa em Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Biotecnologia/Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 96010–900, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail: (SSG); (TC)
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Zhao MH, Liang S, Guo J, Choi JW, Kim NH, Lu WF, Cui XS. Analysis of Ferrous on Ten-Eleven Translocation Activity and Epigenetic Modifications of Early Mouse Embryos by Fluorescence Microscopy. Microsc Microanal 2016; 22:342-348. [PMID: 26947808 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element that plays important roles in the cellular function of all organs and systems. However, the function of Fe(II) in mammalian embryo development is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of Fe(II) during preimplantation embryo development. Depletion of Fe(II) using thiosemicarbazone-24 (TSC24), a specific Fe(II) chelator, rescued quenching of the Fe(II)-sensitive fluorophore phen green-SK. After in vitro fertilization, TSC24 significantly reduced the cleavage rate as well as blastocyst formation. The hatch rate of blastocysts was also reduced with 1 pM TSC24 treatment (20.25±1.86 versus 42.28±12.96%, p<0.05). Blastocysts were cultured in leukemia inhibitory factor-free mouse embryonic stem cell culture medium with or without TSC24, and those with depleted Fe(II) displayed delayed attachment and lost the ability to induce embryoid body formation. To further explore the mechanism of Fe(II) in embryo development, we assessed the expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and OCT4 in the pronuclear and blastocyst stages, respectively. We observed that Fe(II) reduced 5hmC and OCT4 expression, which could be explained by low ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzyme activity induced by TSC24 treatment. These findings demonstrate that Fe(II) is required for mammalian embryo development and that it facilitates the process via regulation of TET activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Zhao
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Shuang Liang
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Guo
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Fa Lu
- 2College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- 1Department of Animal Sciences,Chungbuk National University,Cheongju 361-763,Republic of Korea
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93
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Castel P, Carmona FJ, Grego-Bessa J, Berger MF, Viale A, Anderson KV, Bague S, Scaltriti M, Antonescu CR, Baselga E, Baselga J. Somatic PIK3CA mutations as a driver of sporadic venous malformations. Sci Transl Med 2016; 8:332ra42. [PMID: 27030594 PMCID: PMC4962922 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Venous malformations (VM) are vascular malformations characterized by enlarged and distorted blood vessel channels. VM grow over time and cause substantial morbidity because of disfigurement, bleeding, and pain, representing a clinical challenge in the absence of effective treatments (Nguyenet al, 2014; Uebelhoeret al, 2012). Somatic mutations may act as drivers of these lesions, as suggested by the identification of TEK mutations in a proportion of VM (Limayeet al, 2009). We report that activating PIK3CA mutations gives rise to sporadic VM in mice, which closely resemble the histology of the human disease. Furthermore, we identified mutations in PIK3CA and related genes of the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/AKT pathway in about 30% of human VM that lack TEK alterations. PIK3CA mutations promote downstream signaling and proliferation in endothelial cells and impair normal vasculogenesis in embryonic development. We successfully treated VM in mouse models using pharmacological inhibitors of PI3Kα administered either systemically or topically. This study elucidates the etiology of a proportion of VM and proposes a therapeutic approach for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Castel
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - F Javier Carmona
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joaquim Grego-Bessa
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Agnès Viale
- Genomics Core Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kathryn V Anderson
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Silvia Bague
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 167 Sant Antoni M. Claret, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eulàlia Baselga
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - José Baselga
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Zhao C, Li T, Han B, Yue W, Shi L, Wang H, Guo Y, Lu Z. DDAH1 deficiency promotes intracellular oxidative stress and cell apoptosis via a miR-21-dependent pathway in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 92:50-60. [PMID: 26806551 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, is degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1). Emerging evidence suggests that plasma ADMA accumulation, DDAH1 activity/expression reduction, and microRNA-21 (miR-21) upregulation are linked to disease pathology, but the mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, we assessed the potential role of the ADMA-DDAH1-miR-21 pathway in the regulation of the cellular redox state and apoptosis using wild-type (WT) and DDAH1-knockout (KO) immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). DDAH1 deficiency significantly increased ADMA levels, enhanced cellular oxidative stress, and rendered cells more vulnerable to apoptosis induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) or A23187. However, treatment with exogenous ADMA (1-80μM) for 24h or for a prolonged period (10μM, 10 passages) in WT MEFs had no marked effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis sensitivity. Interestingly, miR-21 expression was significantly increased, by 4 fold, in DDAH1(-/-) MEFs, and the induction of miR-21 by DDAH1 deficiency was dependent on oxidative stress and NF-κB activation. Inhibition of DDAH1 activity by PD 404182 also increased miR-21 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-21 with a lentiviral vector in DDAH1(-/-) MEFs significantly upregulated SOD2 expression and the attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by tBHP or A23187. Taken together, our results suggest that DDAH1 not only acts as an enzyme degrading ADMA but also controls cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis via a miR-21-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingxing Han
- Key Laboratory of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wenhui Yue
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linlin Shi
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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95
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Dalto DB, Audet I, Lapointe J, Matte JJ. The importance of pyridoxine for the impact of the dietary selenium sources on redox balance, embryo development, and reproductive performance in gilts. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 34:79-89. [PMID: 26854249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of dietary pyridoxine and selenium (Se) on embryo development, reproductive performance and redox system in gilts. Eighty-four gilts were fed one of five diets: CONT) basal diet; MSeB60) CONT+0.3mg/kg of Na-selenite; MSeB610) diet 2+10mg/kg of HCl-pyridoxine; OSeB60) CONT+0.3mg/kg of Se-enriched yeast; and OSeB610) diet 4+10mg/kg of HCl-pyridoxine. Blood samples were collected for long-term (each estrus and slaughter) and peri-estrus (fourth estrus d -4 to d +3) profiles. At slaughter (gestation d 30), organs and embryos were collected. For long-term and peri-estrus profiles, Se level and source affected (P<0.01) blood Se concentration whereas B6 level increased (P<0.01) erythrocyte pyridoxal-5-phosphate concentration. A B6 level (P<0.05) effect was observed on long-term plasma Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPX) activity whereas peri-estrus Se-GPX was minimum on d -1 (P<0.01). Selenium level increased sows' organs and embryo Se concentration (P<0.01). Selenium source tended to enhance embryo Se content (P=0.06). Within-litter embryo Se content was increased by B6 level (P<0.01). Selenium level tended to affect Se-GPX and total GPX activities in organs mitochondria (P=0.09 and 0.07, respectively). Selenium source affected kidney ATP synthesis (P=0.05). In conclusion, B6 level affected the Se-GPX activity on a long-term basis, whereas the basal level of Se was adequate during the peri-estrus period. Embryo quality was not improved by dietary Se, and B6 impaired within-litter homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyel Bueno Dalto
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1M 0C8, Canada; Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Isabelle Audet
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1M 0C8, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Lapointe
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1M 0C8, Canada.
| | - J Jacques Matte
- Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1M 0C8, Canada.
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96
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Batista EOS, Vieira LM, Sá Filho MF, Dias EAR, Bayeux BM, Accorsi MF, Monteiro FM, Souza AH, Baruselli PS, D'Occhio MJ. Ovarian follicular growth suppression by long-term treatment with a GnRH agonist and impact on small follicle number, oocyte yield, and in vitro embryo production in Zebu beef cows. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1680-1687. [PMID: 26924682 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate small follicle number, oocyte yield, and in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in Zebu beef cows treated long term with a GnRH agonist to suppress ovarian follicular growth. Nelore (Bos indicus) cows (n = 20) showing regular estrous cycles were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control (n = 10, placebo ear implant without a GnRH agonist); GnRH agonist (n = 10, GnRH agonist ear implant containing 9.4-mg deslorelin). All cows underwent an ovum pick-up (OPU) session 14 days (Day 14) before the start of treatments (Day 0) followed by seven OPU-IVEP procedures at 30-day intervals (Days 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180). Semen from a single batch of a previously tested bull was used for all the IVEP. Cows treated with agonist reported a decrease over time in the proportion of animals with a (CL; P ≤ 0.05) and large follicles (>10 mm, P ≤ 0.05). These cows had a lesser number of medium + large follicles (>5 mm; 1.74 ± 0.5 vs. 4.13 ± 0.5; P ≤ 0.05), greater number of small follicles (2-5 mm; 44.3 ± 2.8 vs. 30.8 ± 1.8; P ≤ 0.05), greater yield of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs; 21.0 ± 2.3 vs. 15.6 ± 1.9; P ≤ 0.05), greater proportion of COCs cultured (79.2 vs. 73.9%; P ≤ 0.05), COCs cleaved (10.6 ± 1.5 vs. 6.8 ± 1.1, P ≤ 0.05), and cleaved rate (52.8 vs. 44.3%; P ≤ 0.05) compared with control cows. The number (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.0 ± 0.6; P > 0.05) and proportion (16.5 vs. 19.1%; P > 0.05) of blastocysts produced were similar between agonist and control cows, respectively. The study has shown that Zebu beef cows treated long term with a GnRH agonist had follicular growth restricted to small follicles. This did not compromise the ability of oocytes to undergo IVF and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O S Batista
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L M Vieira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M F Sá Filho
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - E A R Dias
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - B M Bayeux
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M F Accorsi
- Sexing Technologies, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - F M Monteiro
- Instituto de Zootecnia, Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - A H Souza
- Ceva Santé Animale, Libourne, Gironde, France
| | - P S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - M J D'Occhio
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Al Moustafa AE, Mfoumou E, Roman DE, Nerguizian V, Alazzam A, Stiharu I, Yasmeen A. Impact of single-walled carbon nanotubes on the embryo: a brief review. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:349-55. [PMID: 26855573 PMCID: PMC4725643 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s96361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered one of the most interesting materials in the 21st century due to their unique physiochemical characteristics and applicability to various industrial products and medical applications. However, in the last few years, questions have been raised regarding the potential toxicity of CNTs to humans and the environment; it is believed that the physiochemical characteristics of these materials are key determinants of CNT interaction with living cells and hence determine their toxicity in humans and other organisms as well as their embryos. Thus, several recent studies, including ours, pointed out that CNTs have cytotoxic effects on human and animal cells, which occur via the alteration of key regulator genes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, survival, cell-cell adhesion, and angiogenesis. Meanwhile, few investigations revealed that CNTs could also be harmful to the normal development of the embryo. In this review, we will discuss the toxic role of single-walled CNTs in the embryo, which was recently explored by several groups including ours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine & Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Oncology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Syrian Research Cancer Centre of the Syrian Society against Cancer, Aleppo, Syria
| | | | - Dacian E Roman
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Anas Alazzam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ion Stiharu
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
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98
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Kiecker C. The chick embryo as a model for the effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol on craniofacial development. Dev Biol 2016; 415:314-325. [PMID: 26777098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to ethanol results in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a syndrome characterised by a broad range of clinical manifestations including craniofacial dysmorphologies and neurological defects. The characterisation of the mechanisms by which ethanol exerts its teratogenic effects is difficult due to the pleiotropic nature of its actions. Different experimental model systems have been employed to investigate the aetiology of FASD. Here, I will review studies using these different model organisms that have helped to elucidate how ethanol causes the craniofacial abnormalities characteristic of FASD. In these studies, ethanol was found to impair the prechordal plate-an important embryonic signalling centre-during gastrulation and to negatively affect the induction, migration and survival of the neural crest, a cell population that generates the cartilage and most of the bones of the skull. At the cellular level, ethanol appears to inhibit Sonic hedgehog signalling, alter levels of retionoic acid activity, trigger a Ca(2+)-CamKII-dependent pathway that antagonises WNT signalling, affect cytoskeletal dynamics and increase oxidative stress. Embryos of the domestic chick Gallus gallus domesticus have played a central role in developing a working model for the effects of ethanol on craniofacial development because they are easily accessible and because key steps in craniofacial development are particularly well established in the avian embryo. I will finish this review by highlighting some potential future avenues of fetal alcohol research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Kiecker
- MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, 4th Floor, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, UK.
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99
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Qian D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Wu Q, Ru G, Chen M, Wang B. Response of Mouse Zygotes Treated with Mild Hydrogen Peroxide as a Model to Reveal Novel Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury in Early Embryos. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016; 2016:1521428. [PMID: 27738489 PMCID: PMC5055977 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1521428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop embryo models to evaluate the impact of oxidative stress on embryo development. Mouse zygotes, which stayed at G1 phase, were treated with prepared culture medium (containing 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, or 0.1 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) for 30 min in experiment 1. The dose-effects of H2O2 on embryo development were investigated via comparisons of the formation rate at each stage (2- and 4-cell embryos and blastocysts). Experiment 2 was carried out to compare behaviors of embryos in a mild oxidative-stressed status (0.03 mM H2O2) with those in a control (0 mM H2O2). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, variation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), expression of γH2AX, and cell apoptosis rate of blastocyst were detected. We observed a dose-dependent decrease on cleavage and blastocyst rates. Besides, higher level of ROS, rapid reduction of MMP, and the appearance of γH2AX revealed that embryos are injured early in mild oxidative stress. Additionally, γH2AX may involve during DNA damage response in early embryos. And the apoptotic rate of blastocyst may significantly increase when DNA damage repair is inadequate. Most importantly, our research provides embryo models to study cell cycle regulation and DNA damage response under condition of different levels of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diting Qian
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- *Zhiling Li:
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Que Wu
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaizhen Ru
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Chen
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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100
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Zhong J, Reece EA, Yang P. Punicalagin exerts protective effect against high glucose-induced cellular stress and neural tube defects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:179-84. [PMID: 26453010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes-induced birth defects remain a significant health problem. Studying the effect of natural compounds with antioxidant properties and minimal toxicities on diabetic embryopathy may lead to the development of new and safe dietary supplements. Punicalagin is a primary polyphenol found in pomegranate juice, which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic properties, suggesting a protective effect of punicalagin on diabetic embryopathy. Here, we examined whether punicalagin could reduce high glucose-induced neural tube defects (NTDs), and if this rescue occurs through blockage of cellular stress and caspase activation. Embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5) mouse embryos were cultured for 24 or 36 h with normal (5 mM) glucose or high glucose (16.7 mM), in presence or absence of 10 or 20 μM punicalagin. 10 μM punicalagin slightly reduced NTD formation under high glucose conditions; however, 20 μM punicalagin significantly inhibited high glucose-induced NTD formation. Punicalagin suppressed high glucose-induced lipid peroxidation marker 4-hydroxynonenal, nitrotyrosine-modified proteins, and lipid peroxides. Moreover, punicalagin abrogated endoplasmic reticulum stress by inhibiting phosphorylated protein kinase ribonucleic acid (RNA)-like ER kinase (p-PERK), phosphorylated inositol-requiring protein-1α (p-IRE1α), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) and x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA splicing. Additionally, punicalagin suppressed high glucose-induced caspase 3 and caspase 8 cleavage. Punicalagin reduces high glucose-induced NTD formation by blocking cellular stress and caspase activation. These observations suggest punicalagin supplements could mitigate the teratogenic effects of hyperglycemia in the developing embryo, and possibly prevent diabetes-induced NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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