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Westrupp N, Berry CD, Cole T, Shanthikumar S, Welsh L. Detection of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Using Nitrogen Multiple Breath Washout in Children Posthemopoietic Stem Cell Transplant. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:524.e1-524.e9. [PMID: 38360272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a severe complication following hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is often undetected until there is significant deterioration in pulmonary function. Lung clearance index (LCI2.5) derived from the nitrogen multiple breath washout (N2MBW) test may be more feasible and sensitive than spirometry, which is currently used for surveillance and detection of BOS. We aimed to examine the feasibility of performing surveillance N2MBW in children post-HSCT, and in an exploratory analysis, determine if LCI2.5 led to earlier detection of BOS when compared to spirometric indices. Participants aged 5 to 17 years were recruited prior to receiving HSCT into a prospective, single-center, feasibility study at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. N2MBW and spirometry were performed within the month prior to transplant and repeated at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-transplant. Data were also collected on the presence of graft-versus-host (GVHD) disease in any organ, including the lungs. Twenty-one (12 male) children with a mean age of 13.4 (range 9.2 to 17.1) years at recruitment participated in this study. Prior to HSCT, all participants had normal LCI2.5, while 16 (76%) demonstrated normal forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Ninety-nine percent of N2MBW tests were technically acceptable, compared with 66% of spirometry tests. Three participants developed BOS, while 2 participants died of other respiratory complications. At 6 and 12 months post-transplant, the BOS group had increases in LCI2.5 ranging from 3 to 5 units and mean reductions in FEV1 % predicted of 40% to 53% relative to pre HSCT values, respectively. In those who developed BOS, post-HSCT LCI2.5 values were significantly worse when compared with the no BOS group (P < .001). Relative changes in LCI2.5 and FEV1 were both predictive of BOS at 6 months post HSCT. This study demonstrates that N2MBW is a more feasible test compared with spirometry in children post HSCT. However, in an exploratory analysis, LCI2.5 did not lead to earlier detection of BOS, when compared to spirometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Westrupp
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cassidy Du Berry
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Theresa Cole
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shivanthan Shanthikumar
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liam Welsh
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Avendaño KA, Ponce-Jahen SJ, Valenzuela EI, Pajares S, Samperio-Ramos G, Camacho-Ibar VF, Cervantes FJ. Nitrogen loss in coastal sediments driven by anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to microbial reduction of Mn(IV)-oxide. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171368. [PMID: 38438040 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Coastal sediments play a central role in regulating the amount of land-derived reactive nitrogen (Nr) entering the ocean, and their importance becomes crucial in vulnerable ecosystems threatened by anthropogenic activities. Sedimentary denitrification has been identified as the main sink of Nr in marine environments, while anaerobic ammonium oxidation with nitrite (anammox) has also been pointed out as a key player in controlling the nitrogen pool in these locations. Collected evidence in the present work indicates that the microbial biota in coastal sediments from Baja California (northwestern Mexico) has the potential to drive anaerobic ammonium oxidation linked to Mn(IV) reduction (manganammox). Unamended sediment showed ammonification, but addition of vernadite (δMnO2 with nano-crystal size ∼15 Å) as terminal electron acceptor fueled simultaneous ammonium oxidation (up to ∼400 μM of ammonium removed) and production of Mn(II) with a ratio ∆[Mn(II)]/∆[NH4+] of 1.8, which is very close to the stoichiometric value of manganammox (1.5). Additional incubations spiked with external ammonium also showed concomitant ammonium oxidation and Mn(II) production, accounting for ∼30 % of the oxidized ammonium. Tracer analysis revealed that the nitrogen loss associated with manganammox was 4.2 ± 0.4 μg 30N2/g-day, which is 17-fold higher than that related to the feammox process (anaerobic ammonium oxidation linked to Fe(III) reduction, 0.24 ± 0.02 μg 30N2/g-day). Taxonomic characterization based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the existence of several clades belonging to Desulfobacterota as potential microorganisms catalyzing the manganammox process. These findings suggest that manganammox has the potential to be an additional Nr sink in coastal environments, whose contribution to total Nr losses remains to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Avendaño
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 2001, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Sergio J Ponce-Jahen
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 2001, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Edgardo I Valenzuela
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico
| | - Silvia Pajares
- Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Samperio-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Víctor F Camacho-Ibar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Cervantes
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Water Treatment, Engineering Institute, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 2001, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico.
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53
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Geng X, Yang H, Gao W, Yue J, Mu D, Wei Z. Greenhouse gas emission characteristics during kitchen waste composting with biochar and zeolite addition. Bioresour Technol 2024; 399:130575. [PMID: 38479629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic kitchen waste composting can contribute to greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions and global warming. This study investigated the effects of biochar and zeolite on GHGs emissions during composting. The findings demonstrated that biochar could reduce N2O and CH4 cumulative releases by 47.7 %and 47.9 %, respectively, and zeolite could reduce the cumulative release of CO2 by 28.4 %. Meanwhile, the biochar and zeolite addition could reduce the abundance of potential core microorganisms associated with GHGs emissions. In addition, biochar and zeolite reduced N2O emissions by regulating the abundance of nitrogen conversion functional genes. Biochar and zeolite were shown to reduce the impact of bacterial communities on GHGs emissions. In summary, this study revealed that biochar and zeolite can effectively reduce GHG emissions during composting by altering the compost microenvironment and regulating microbial community structure. Such findings are valuable for facilitating high-quality resource recovery of organic solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Geng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jieyu Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Daichen Mu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Liu B, Zhang C, Deng J, Zhang B, Chen F, Chen W, Fang X, Li J, Zu K, Bu W. Response of tree growth to nutrient addition is size dependent in a subtropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171501. [PMID: 38447724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how nutrient addition affects the tree growth is critical for assessing forest ecosystem function and processes, especially in the context of increased nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition. Subtropical forests are often considered N-rich and P-poor ecosystems, but few existing studies follow the traditional "P limitation" paradigm, possibly due to differences in nutrient requirements among trees of different size classes. We conducted a three-year fertilization experiment with four treatments (Control, N-treatment, P-treatment, and NP-treatment). We measured soil nutrient availability, leaf stoichiometry, and relative growth rate (RGR) of trees across three size classes (small, medium and large) in 64 plots. We found that N and NP-treatments increased the RGR of large trees. P-treatment increased the RGR of small trees. RGR was mainly affected by N addition, the total effect of P addition was only 10 % of that of N addition. The effect of nutrient addition on RGR was mainly regulated by leaf stoichiometry. This study reveals that nutrient limitation is size dependent, indicating that continuous unbalanced N and P deposition will inhibit the growth of small trees and increase the instability of subtropical forest stand structure, but may improve the carbon sink function of large trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Cancan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiulianshan National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Administration of Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, Ganzhou 341799, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Administration of Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, Ganzhou 341799, China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiulianshan National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Administration of Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, Ganzhou 341799, China
| | - Xiangmin Fang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kuiling Zu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wensheng Bu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiulianshan National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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Moure Abelenda A. Isolation of ammonium bicarbonate by reactive distillation of food waste digestate liquor. Bioresour Technol 2024; 399:130592. [PMID: 38518878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Distillation is among the best techniques for management of ammoniacal nitrogen in anaerobic digestate; however, the suitability of the conventional system is neglected in favor of using more advanced setups. This investigation proves the reliability of the classical batch distillation apparatus for high throughput separation of solid crystals of ammonium bicarbonate from food waste digestate (FWD) liquor. Three replicates were carried out: 80 g of FWD liquor with a content of 50 g/L NH4HCO3 was processed for 7.5 h under minimum heating power (<60 °C) and 200 rpm to avoid excessive foam formation. After performing the reactive distillation, 81 % of NH4HCO3 was recovered as white solid crystals at the top of the distillation still. Although the distillation provided a solid material with the same structure and composition as those of the reagent-grade NH4HCO3, the stability of the isolated inorganic fertilizer was poorer, and it could lead to pollution swapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Moure Abelenda
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Guo J, Yang F, Costa OS, Yan X, Wu M, Qiu H, Li W, Xu G. Nutrient budgets and biogeochemical dynamics in the coastal regions of northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea: Implication for the severe impact of human disturbance. Mar Environ Res 2024; 197:106447. [PMID: 38513386 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the nutrient budgets and biogeochemical dynamics in the coastal regions of northern Beibu Gulf (CNBG). Nutrient concentrations varied spatially and seasonally among the different bays. High nutrient levels were found in the regions with high riverine inputs and intensive mariculture. Using a three end-member mixing model, nutrient biogeochemistry within the ecosystem was estimated separately from complex physical mixing effects. Nutrient consumption dominated in most bays in summer, whereas nutrient regeneration dominated in winter, likely due to phytoplankton decomposition, vertical mixing and desorption. Through the Land-Ocean Interaction Coastal Zone (LOICZ) model, the robust nutrient budgets were constructed, indicating that the CNBG behaved as a sink of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon. River-borne nutrient inputs were the dominant nutrient source, while residual flows and water exchange flows transported nutrient off the estuaries. This study could help us better understand nutrient cycles and nutrient sources/sinks in the CNBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; Guangxi Beibu Gulf Intelligent Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ozeas S Costa
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University at Mansfield, Mansfield, OH, 44906, USA
| | - Xiaomin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; Guangxi Beibu Gulf Intelligent Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Man Wu
- New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Hengtong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; Guangxi Beibu Gulf Intelligent Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; Guangxi Beibu Gulf Intelligent Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Guilin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; Guangxi Beibu Gulf Intelligent Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China; New Technology Research Institute on Digital Twin, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China.
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Ji Y, Shi W, Qin B. An indispensable role of overlying water in nitrogen removal in shallow lakes. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171487. [PMID: 38447717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The nitrogen (N) removal characteristics in water columns and sediments of shallow lakes, influenced by various factors, may exhibit spatial variations in lakes with algal-macrophyte dominance. The N removal rates in water columns and sediments of Lake Taihu were investigated. Our findings indicated that the total N removal rates in Lake Taihu followed the order of algae-dominance > macrophyte-dominance > pelagic lake (without the presence of algae and macrophytes). Correlation analysis revealed that the key environmental factors affecting denitrification and anammox in sediments of algae/macrophyte-type lakes were nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and chlorophyll a (Chl-a). The linear regression demonstrated that a significant correlation between the denitrification and the anammox in sediments, with a correlation coefficient of 0.81 (p < 0.01). The contributions to N removal from the water columns and sediments in Lake Taihu were 53 % and 47 %, respectively. Denitrification predominantly drove N removal from sediments, whereas anammox dominated the N removal in water columns. Thus, N removal from the water columns is nonnegligible in shallow eutrophic lakes. This study enhances our understanding of N biogeochemical cycling dynamics in sediment-water and algae/macrophyte ecosystems across various shallow eutrophic lake regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Ji
- School of Hydrology, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 213022, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- School of Environmental Science Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Boqiang Qin
- School of Hydrology, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 213022, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Geography & Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Street, Nanjing 210023, China.
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A D, Guo QM, Deng YY, Jiang Y, Chen CX. Purification of the secondary treatment tail water for wastewater reclamation by integrated subsurface-constructed wetlands. Environ Technol 2024; 45:2450-2458. [PMID: 36730286 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2176260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A whole-year investigation of full-scale integrated subsurface-constructed wetlands (ISCWs) was carried out to purify the tail water from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for wastewater reclamation under four plant species, four hydraulic loading rates (HLRs), and four seasons. The results showed that ISCWs were effective for the purification of WWTP discharge, with the average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP being 48%, 49%, 9%, and 30%, respectively. Typical pollutant concentrations in the treated effluent of ISCWs were 8.19 mg/L COD, 1.76 mg/L NH4+-N, 11.57 mg/L TN, and 0.36 mg/L TP, which met most of the water quality standards for reusing recycling water. Emergent plants with well-developed root systems may be capable of promoting the decontamination of ISCWs. Seasonal change played an important role in the treatment process: the removal of phosphorus by plant uptake and microbial utilization was more active in the warm season and the co-occurrence of organic degradation and nitrification, whereas the cold season is conducive to exothermic adsorption process of pollutants to substrates. Properly increasing the HLRs may improve the availability of ISCWs according to the requirement of effluent quality. Furthermore, the C/N ratio might be the key factor for the purification effect of ISCWs, because the COD level of WWTP discharge may change the process of NH4+-N biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan A
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Mei Guo
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Deng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xing Chen
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Guo J, Yang H, Wang C, Liu Z, Huang Y, Zhang C, Huang Q, Xue W, Sun Y. Inhibitory effects of Pseudomonas sp. W112 on cadmium accumulation in wheat grains: Reduced the bioavailability in soil and enhanced the interception by plant organs. Chemosphere 2024; 355:141828. [PMID: 38552800 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an important role in heavy metal bioremediation and soil fertility. The effects of soil inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. W112 on Cd accumulation in wheat were investigated by analyzing the transport, subcellular distribution and speciation of Cd in the soil and plants. Pseudomonas sp. W112 application significantly decreased Cd content in the roots, internode and grains by 10.2%, 29.5% and 33.0%, respectively, and decreased Cd transfer from the basal nodes to internodes by 63.5%. Treatment with strain W112 decreased the inorganic and water-soluble Cd content in the roots and increased the proportion of residual Cd in both the roots and basal nodes. At the subcellular level, the Cd content in the root cell wall and basal node cytosol increased by 19.6% and 61.8%, respectively, indicating that strain W112 improved the ability of the root cell wall and basal node cytosol to fix Cd. In the rhizosphere soil, strain W112 effectively colonized and significantly decreased the exchangeable Cd, carbonate-bound Cd and iron-manganese oxide-bound Cd content by 43.5%, 27.3% and 17.6%, respectively, while it increased the proportion of residual Cd by up to 65.2%. Moreover, a 3.1% and 23.5% increase in the pH and inorganic nitrogen content in the rhizosphere soil, respectively, was recorded. Similarly, soil bacterial community sequencing revealed that inoculating with strain W112 increased the abundance of Pseudomonas, Thauera and Azoarcus, which are associated with inorganic nitrogen metabolism, and decreased that of Acidobacteria, which is indicative of soil alkalinization. Hence, root application of Pseudomonas sp. W112 improved soil nitrogen availability and inhibited Cd accumulation in the wheat grains in a two-stage process: by reducing the Cd availability in the rhizosphere soil and by improving Cd interception and fixation in the wheat roots and basal nodes. Pseudomonas sp. W112 may be a suitable bioremediation agent for restoring Cd-contaminated wheat fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China; Centre for Green Agricultural Inputs and MicroEcological Farming, Jinhe Jiannong (Beijing) Agricultural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 1500302, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongchun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weijie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuebing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
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Poach M, Morse R, Meseck SL, Alvarado A, Reichert-Nguyen J, McFarland K, Elliott H, Kellogg ML, Luckenbach MW, Rose JM. Nutrient reduction by eastern oysters exhibits low variability associated with reproduction, ploidy, and farm location. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116286. [PMID: 38554686 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Enhancement of shellfish populations has long been discussed as a potential nutrient reduction tool, and eastern oyster aquaculture was recently approved as a nutrient reduction best management practice (BMP) in Chesapeake Bay, USA. This study addressed BMP-identified data gaps involving variation in nutrient concentration related to ploidy, effects of reproductive development, and a paucity of phosphorus concentration data. Diploid and triploid oysters were collected from farms in Maryland and Virginia across the typical local reproductive cycle. The nutrient concentration of tissue and shell was consistent with the currently implemented BMP. Minor variation observed in nitrogen and phosphorus concentration was within the previously reported range, for farm location, ploidy, and reproductive cycle timing. Ploidy-based differences in tissue dry weight were not observed at either farm, which contrasts with current nutrient reduction estimates. These results suggest separate crediting values for diploids and triploids may need further investigation and potential re-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Poach
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America
| | - Ryan Morse
- CASE Consultants International under contract to NOAA Fisheries NEFSC, Narragansett Laboratory 28 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, United States of America
| | - Shannon L Meseck
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America
| | - Annita Alvarado
- Integrated Statistics under contract to NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America
| | - Julie Reichert-Nguyen
- NOAA Office of Habitat Conservation, Chesapeake Bay Office, 200 Harry S. Truman Parkway, Suite 460, Annapolis, MD 21401, United States of America
| | - Katherine McFarland
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America
| | - Hope Elliott
- NOAA Hollings Student Internship at NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America
| | - M Lisa Kellogg
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, United States of America
| | - Mark W Luckenbach
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, United States of America
| | - Julie M Rose
- NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Milford Laboratory, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460, United States of America.
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61
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Ivanova ES, Belova MA, Rumiantseva OY, Zudilova AA, Kopylov DS, Borisov MY, Komov VT. Effects of lipid extraction on stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in muscles of freshwater fish. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2024; 60:162-173. [PMID: 38353149 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2024.2317379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The extraction of lipids by the Folch method from the muscles of all the fish studied led to statistically significant differences in the values of δ15N. At the same time, lipid extraction led to a statistically significant increase in δ13C in pike and roach, and to a statistically insignificant decrease in δ13C in perch and bream. Thus, lipid extraction cannot serve as a universal method of sample preparation for the analysis of the isotopic composition of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) in fish muscles. The differences between the δ13C values in the samples before and after lipid extraction were statistically investigated by different models. It is shown that mathematical correction method models can be used, but the results are depending on the fish types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S Ivanova
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia
| | - Maria A Belova
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia
| | | | - Alena A Zudilova
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kopylov
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia
- Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Y Borisov
- Vologda Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography», Vologda, Russia
| | - Viktor T Komov
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
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62
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Wang A, Zhang S, Liang Z, Zeng Z, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Yang Y, He Z, Yu G, Liang Y. Response of microbial communities to exogenous nitrate nitrogen input in black and odorous sediment. Environ Res 2024; 248:118137. [PMID: 38295972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Since nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) input has proved an effective approach for the treatment of black and odorous river waterbody, it was controversial whether the total nitrogen concentration standard should be raised when the effluent from the sewage treatment plant is discharged into the polluted river. To reveal the effect of exogenous nitrate (NO3--N) on black odorous waterbody, sediments with different features from contaminated rivers were collected, and the changes of physical and chemical characteristics and microbial community structure in sediments before and after the addition of exogenous NO3--N were investigated. The results showed that after the input of NO3--N, reducing substances such as acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in the sediment decreased by 80 % on average, ferrous (Fe2+) decreased by 50 %, yet the changing trend of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) in some sediment samples increased while others decreased. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the abundance of Thiobacillus at most sites increased significantly, becoming the dominant genus in the sediment, and the abundance of functional genes in the metabolome increased, such as soxA, soxX, soxY, soxZ. Network analysis showed that sediment microorganisms evolved from a single sulfur oxidation ecological function to diverse ecological functions, such as nitrogen cycle nirB, nirD, nirK, nosZ, and aerobic decomposition. In summary, inputting an appropriate amount of exogenous NO3--N is beneficial for restoring and maintaining the oxidation states of river sediment ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ziyang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhanqin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingshi Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhiang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zihao He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangwei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China.
| | - Yuhai Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China.
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63
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Tian W, Li Q, Luo Z, Wu C, Sun B, Zhao D, Chi S, Cui Z, Xu A, Song Z. Microbial community structure in a constructed wetland based on a recirculating aquaculture system: Exploring spatio-temporal variations and assembly mechanisms. Mar Environ Res 2024; 197:106413. [PMID: 38507984 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The diversity, composition and performance of microbial communities within constructed wetlands (CW) were markedly influenced by spatio-temporal variations. A pilot-scale integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland (IVCW) as the biological purification unit within a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) was established and monitored in this study. The investigation aimed to elucidate the responses of community structure, co-occurrence networks, and assembly mechanisms of the microbial community to spatial and temporal changes. Spatially, all a-diversity indices and microbial networks complexity were significantly higher in the upstream pool of the IVCW than in the downstream pool. Temporally, the richness increased over time, while the evenness showed a decreasing trend. The number of nodes and edges of microbial networks increased over time. Notably, the stable pollutant removal efficiencies were observed during IVCW operations, despite a-diversity and bacterial community networks exhibited significant variations across time. Functional redundancy emerged as a likely mechanism contributing to the stability of microbial ecosystem functions. Null model and neutral model analyses revealed the dominance of deterministic processes shaping microbial communities over time, with deterministic influences being more pronounced at lower a-diversity levels. DO and inorganic nitrogen emerged as the principal environmental factor influencing microbial community dynamics. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the regulation of microbial communities and environmental factors within the context of IVCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qiufen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Zijun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Danting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Saisai Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ailing Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Zhiwen Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
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64
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Deng D, He G, Yang Z, Xiong X, Liu W. Activity and community structure of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in nitrogen-polluted rivers along a latitudinal gradient. Water Res 2024; 254:121317. [PMID: 38401285 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) cycling in rivers is particularly active and dynamic due to excess nutrient inputs worldwide. However, the multidimensional spatial patterns of the activity and community structure of N-cycling microorganisms in rivers remain unclear, limiting our understanding of river ecological functions, especially N removal capacity. Here, we measured the nitrification and denitrification rates and identified nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms using high-throughput sequencing of archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, nirK, and nirS genes in channel sediments, riparian rhizosphere soils, and riparian bulk soils of 30 N-polluted rivers across China. Results showed that in the lateral dimension, nitrification rates in sediments did not differ significantly from those in rhizosphere and bulk soils, but denitrification rates were higher in sediments than in bulk soils. However, the archaeal amoA gene abundance in sediments was considerably lower than that in rhizosphere and bulk soils, and bacterial amoA gene abundance in sediments was greater than that in rhizosphere soils. In the vertical dimension, both nitrification and denitrification rates in riparian bulk soils decreased with soil depth, and topsoils harbored more nitrifying and denitrifying microbes than subsoils. Denitrification but not nitrification rates increased with latitude and altitude but decreased with increasing mean annual temperature and precipitation. Overall, these results provide new insights into the multidimensional spatial patterns of river N cycling at a large scale, which is crucial to evaluating the N removal function of global rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danli Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Field Observation and Scientific Research Stations for Water Ecosystem in Three Gorges Reservoir, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Gang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengjian Yang
- Hubei Field Observation and Scientific Research Stations for Water Ecosystem in Three Gorges Reservoir, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Xiang Xiong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Hubei Province, Wuhan 430074, China.
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65
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Lin C, Du R, Guo F. Implication of self-organizing map, stable isotopes combined with MixSIAR model for accurate nitrogen control in a well-protected reservoir. Environ Res 2024; 248:118335. [PMID: 38295982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen pollution and eutrophication in reservoirs is a global environmental geochemical concern. Occasional algal blooms still exist in reservoirs that have undergone pollution treatment. The lack of quantitative evidence of nitrogen sources and fate limits long-term stable ecological safety management. This work applied an approach integrated zonal mapping, stable isotopes (δ18OH2O, δ15Nnitrate, δ18Onitrate, and δ13C-DIC) and a Bayesian isotope model to analyze regional and seasonal differences in the contribution and sources of nitrogen to a well-protected reservoir. The values of δ18Onitrate and the positive relationship between NO3- and δ13C-DIC suggested that nitrification was the primary NO3- production in the rivers. While Denitrification was present at only a few sites. Results of the MixSIAR model coupled the NO3-/Cl- indicator revealed that the domestic sewage contributed high riverine NO3- loading (68.6 ± 10.6 %) in the dry season. In the wet season, the main nitrate sources of upper watershed were ammonia and carbamide fertilizers (47.5 % and 40.3 %). While the domestic sewage was still the major contributor of downstream region (a dense residential area), indicating possible problems with rainwater and sewage drainage networks. The results implied that the colleting and treatment of sewages were the priority in downstream region, and non-point source pollution control and wastewater treatment plant upgrading were essential to control nitrate pollution in the two upstream regions. These findings provide new insights into precise nitrogen pollution traceability and identification of treatment priorities in the sub-region, and promote the management other well-protected watershed in similar need of further nitrogen contamination control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ronghua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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66
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Peng X, Ren J, Chen P, Yang L, Luo K, Yuan X, Lin P, Fu Z, Li Y, Li Y, Yang W, Yong T. Effects of soil physicochemical environment on the plasticity of root growth and land productivity in maize soybean relay strip intercropping system. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:3865-3882. [PMID: 38217341 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil is a key foundation of crop root growth. There are interactions between root system and soil in multiple ways. The present study aimed to further explore the response of root distribution and morphology to soil physical and chemical environment under maize (Zea mays L.) soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) relay strip intercropping (MS) An experiment was carried out aiming to examine the effects of nitrogen (N) applications and interspecific distances on root system and soil environment in MS. The two N application levels, referred to as no N application (NN) and conventional N application (CN), were paired with different interspecific distances: 30, 45 and 60 cm (MS30, MS45 and MS60) and 100 cm of monoculture maize and soybean (MM/SS100). RESULTS The results demonstrated that MS45 increased the distribution of soil aggregates (> 2 mm) near the crop roots and maize soil nutrients status, which increased by 20.3% and 15.6%. Meanwhile, MS reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity and improved soil oxygen content. Optimization of the soil environment facilitated root growth. The MS45 achieved a better result on root distribution and morphology than the other configuration and also increased land productivity. CONCLUSION Relay intercropped soybean with maize in interspecific row spacing of 45 cm, improved soil physicochemical environment, reshaped root architecture and optimized root spatial distribution of crops to achieve greater land productivity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Peng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Junbo Ren
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Lida Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Luo
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Yuan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Lin
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhidan Fu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiling Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuze Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Taiwen Yong
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
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67
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Maes SL, Dietrich J, Midolo G, Schwieger S, Kummu M, Vandvik V, Aerts R, Althuizen IHJ, Biasi C, Björk RG, Böhner H, Carbognani M, Chiari G, Christiansen CT, Clemmensen KE, Cooper EJ, Cornelissen JHC, Elberling B, Faubert P, Fetcher N, Forte TGW, Gaudard J, Gavazov K, Guan Z, Guðmundsson J, Gya R, Hallin S, Hansen BB, Haugum SV, He JS, Hicks Pries C, Hovenden MJ, Jalava M, Jónsdóttir IS, Juhanson J, Jung JY, Kaarlejärvi E, Kwon MJ, Lamprecht RE, Le Moullec M, Lee H, Marushchak ME, Michelsen A, Munir TM, Myrsky EM, Nielsen CS, Nyberg M, Olofsson J, Óskarsson H, Parker TC, Pedersen EP, Petit Bon M, Petraglia A, Raundrup K, Ravn NMR, Rinnan R, Rodenhizer H, Ryde I, Schmidt NM, Schuur EAG, Sjögersten S, Stark S, Strack M, Tang J, Tolvanen A, Töpper JP, Väisänen MK, van Logtestijn RSP, Voigt C, Walz J, Weedon JT, Yang Y, Ylänne H, Björkman MP, Sarneel JM, Dorrepaal E. Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra. Nature 2024; 629:105-113. [PMID: 38632407 PMCID: PMC11062900 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon1,2. Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere3,4. The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain5-7. This hampers the accuracy of global land carbon-climate feedback projections7,8. Here we synthesize 136 datasets from 56 open-top chamber in situ warming experiments located at 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites which have been running for less than 1 year up to 25 years. We show that a mean rise of 1.4 °C [confidence interval (CI) 0.9-2.0 °C] in air and 0.4 °C [CI 0.2-0.7 °C] in soil temperature results in an increase in growing season ecosystem respiration by 30% [CI 22-38%] (n = 136). Our findings indicate that the stimulation of ecosystem respiration was due to increases in both plant-related and microbial respiration (n = 9) and continued for at least 25 years (n = 136). The magnitude of the warming effects on respiration was driven by variation in warming-induced changes in local soil conditions, that is, changes in total nitrogen concentration and pH and by context-dependent spatial variation in these conditions, in particular total nitrogen concentration and the carbon:nitrogen ratio. Tundra sites with stronger nitrogen limitations and sites in which warming had stimulated plant and microbial nutrient turnover seemed particularly sensitive in their respiration response to warming. The results highlight the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Maes
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden.
- Forest Ecology and Management Group (FORECOMAN), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - J Dietrich
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
| | - G Midolo
- Department of Spatial Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - S Schwieger
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Kummu
- Water and development research group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - V Vandvik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - R Aerts
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I H J Althuizen
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- NORCE Climate and Environment, Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - C Biasi
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R G Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Böhner
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - M Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Chiari
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C T Christiansen
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K E Clemmensen
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E J Cooper
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT-the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J H C Cornelissen
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Elberling
- Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Faubert
- Carbone Boréal, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Fetcher
- Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainability, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA
| | - T G W Forte
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - J Gaudard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - K Gavazov
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Z Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - J Guðmundsson
- Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - R Gya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Hallin
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B B Hansen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Gjærevoll Centre for Biodiversity Foresight Analyses & Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - S V Haugum
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- The Heathland Centre, Alver, Norway
| | - J-S He
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - C Hicks Pries
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M J Hovenden
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Australian Mountain Research Facility, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - M Jalava
- Water and development research group, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - I S Jónsdóttir
- Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - J Juhanson
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Y Jung
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea
| | - E Kaarlejärvi
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M J Kwon
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Korea
- Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R E Lamprecht
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Le Moullec
- Gjærevoll Centre for Biodiversity Foresight Analyses & Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - H Lee
- NORCE, Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M E Marushchak
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Michelsen
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T M Munir
- Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - E M Myrsky
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C S Nielsen
- Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- SEGES Innovation P/S, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - M Nyberg
- Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Olofsson
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - H Óskarsson
- Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - T C Parker
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Aberdeen, UK
| | - E P Pedersen
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Petit Bon
- Department of Wildland Resources, Quinney College of Natural Resources and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
- Department of Arctic Biology, University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
| | - A Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - K Raundrup
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - N M R Ravn
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R Rinnan
- Center for Volatile Interactions, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Rodenhizer
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - I Ryde
- Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N M Schmidt
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
- Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - E A G Schuur
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - S Sjögersten
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK
| | - S Stark
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - M Strack
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Tang
- The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - A Tolvanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J P Töpper
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - M K Väisänen
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - R S P van Logtestijn
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Voigt
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Walz
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
| | - J T Weedon
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H Ylänne
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - M P Björkman
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J M Sarneel
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E Dorrepaal
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
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Shang Y, Yin Y, Ying H, Tian X, Cui Z. Updated loss factors and high-resolution spatial variations for reactive nitrogen losses from Chinese rice paddies. J Environ Manage 2024; 358:120752. [PMID: 38614004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr) loss has been a critical environmental issue. However, due to the limitations of data availability and appropriate methods, the estimation of Nr loss from rice paddies and associated spatial patterns at a fine scale remain unclear. Here, we estimated the background Nr loss (BNL, i.e., Nr loss from soils without fertilization) and the loss factors (the percentage of Nr loss from synthetic fertilizer, LFs) for five loss pathways in rice paddies and identified the national 1 × 1 km spatial variations using data-driven models combined with multi-source data. Based on established machine learning models, an average of 23.4% (15.3-34.6%, 95% confidence interval) of the synthetic N fertilizer was lost to the environment, in the forms of NH3 (17.4%, 10.9-26.7%), N2O (0.5%, 0.3-0.8%), NO (0.2%, 0.1-0.4%), N leaching (3.1%, 0.8-5.7%), and runoff (2.3%, 0.6-4.5%). The total Nr loss from Chinese rice paddies was estimated to be 1.92 ± 0.52 Tg N yr-1 in 2021, in which synthetic fertilizer-induced Nr loss accounted for 69% and BNL accounted for the other 31%. The hotspots of Nr loss were concentrated in the middle and lower regions of the Yangtze River, an area with extensive rice cultivation. This study improved the estimation accuracy of Nr losses and identified the hotspots, which could provide updated insights for policymakers to set the priorities and strategies for Nr loss mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Shang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hao Ying
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingshuai Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenling Cui
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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McPolin MC, Kranabetter JM, Philpott TJ, Hawkins BJ. Sporocarp nutrition of ectomycorrhizal fungi indicates an important role for endemic species in a high productivity temperate rainforest. New Phytol 2024; 242:1603-1613. [PMID: 37771241 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Endemic species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are found throughout many biomes, but it is unclear whether their localized distribution is dictated by habitat filtering or geographical barriers to dispersal. We examined community composition (via long-read metabarcoding) and differences in sporocarp nutrition between endemic and cosmopolitan EMF species across perhumid temperate rainforests of British Columbia, characterized by soils with high nitrogen (N) supply alongside low phosphorus (P) and cation availability. Endemic EMF species, representing almost half of the community, had significantly greater sporocarp N (24% higher), potassium (+16%), and magnesium (+17%) concentrations than cosmopolitan species. Sporocarp P concentrations were comparatively low and did not differ by fungal range. However, sporocarp N% and P% were well correlated, supporting evidence for linkages in N and P acquisition. Endemics were more likely to occur on Tsuga heterophylla (a disjunct host genus) than Picea sitchensis (a circumpolar genus). The Inocybaceae and Thelephoraceae families had high proportions of endemic taxa, while species in Cortinariaceae were largely cosmopolitan, indicating some niche conservatism among genera. We conclude that superior adaptive traits in relation to perhumid soils were skewed toward the endemic community, underscoring the potentially important contribution of these localized fungi to rainforest nutrition and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Claire McPolin
- Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada
| | - J Marty Kranabetter
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, PO Box 9536, Stn Prov Govt, Victoria, BC, V8W 9C4, Canada
| | - Tim J Philpott
- British Columbia Ministry of Forests, 200-640 Borland St., Williams Lake, BC, V2G 4T1, Canada
| | - Barbara J Hawkins
- Centre for Forest Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 3020, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada
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Li J, Chen C, Ji L, Wen S, Peng J, Yang L, He G. Urbanization-driven forest soil greenhouse gas emissions: Insights from the role of soil bacteria in carbon and nitrogen cycling using a metagenomic approach. Sci Total Environ 2024; 923:171364. [PMID: 38438026 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Increasing population densities and urban sprawl have induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil, and the soil microbiota of urban forests play a critical role in the production and consumption of GHGs, supporting green development. However, the function and potential mechanism of soil bacteria in GHG emissions from forests during urbanization processes need to be better understood. Here, we measured the fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in Cinnamomum camphora forest soils along an urbanization gradient. 16S amplicon and metagenomic sequencing approaches were employed to examine the structure and potential functions of the soil bacterial community involved in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. In this study, the CH4 and CO2 emissions from urban forest soils (sites U and G) were significantly greater than those from suburban soils (sites S and M). The N2O emissions in the urban center (site U) were 24.0 % (G), 13.8 % (S), and 13.5 % (M) greater than those at the other three sites. These results were related to the increasing bacterial alpha diversity, interactions, and C and N cycling gene abundances (especially those involved in denitrification) in urban forest soils. Additionally, the soil pH and metal contents (K, Ca, Mg) affected key bacterial populations (such as Methylomirabilota, Acidobacteriota, and Proteobacteria) and indicators (napA, nosZ, nrfA, nifH) involved in reducing N2O emissions. The soil heavy metal contents (Fe, Cr, Pb) were the main contributors to CH4 emissions, possibly by affecting methanogens (Desulfobacterota) and methanotrophic bacteria (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Patescibacteria). Our study provides new insights into the benefits of conservation-minded urban planning and close-to-nature urban forest management and construction, which are conducive to mitigating GHG emissions and supporting urban sustainable development by mediating the core bacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China
| | - Chuxiang Chen
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China
| | - Li Ji
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China.
| | - Shizhi Wen
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China
| | - Jun Peng
- Hunan Geological Experiment and Testing Center, Changsha, 290 Middle Chengnan Road, 410007, PR China
| | - Lili Yang
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China
| | - Gongxiu He
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, 410004 Changsha, PR China.
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Mesele SA, Huising EJ. Soil organic carbon and nutrient characteristics of Anogeissus groves in old Opara forest reserve, Nigeria. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:490. [PMID: 38691199 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Forest-savanna transition zones of West Africa are uniquely characterized by forest groves, forest patches, or forest islands, the importance of which for sustainable resource management and their potential for carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling is often underrated. Our study conducted a comparative analysis of the soil organic carbon and nutrient characteristics of the Anogeissus groves in the old Opara forest reserve and their adjoining arable lands. We established 30 sampling frames of 100 m × 100 m plots with 15 frames per land use type. For each sampling frame, six observation points were randomly selected, and composite soil samples were collected at soil depths of 0-20 cm and 20-50 cm per observation point. Our results showed Anogeissus groves and their adjoining arable lands to exist on similar landscapes while the groves have enriched soil morphological characteristics (e.g., soil color), higher soil organic carbon (SOC), and better nutrient characteristics. There were strong positive relationships between SOC, effective cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and calcium, zinc, electrical conductivity, and copper. The significant soil organic matter accumulation in the groves accounts for the overall improved soil characteristics over the adjoining arable lands. Preserving the groves and similar African ecosystems may be important in climate regulation, resources and biodiversity conservation, and ethnopharmacology for rural communities. Thus, a question arises: should more land be set aside for ecological conservation or for agricultural productivity?
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ayodele Mesele
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Headquarters, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Elzo Jeroen Huising
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Headquarters, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Behrouz MS, Sample DJ, Kisila OB, Harrison M, Nayeb Yazdi M, Garna RK. Parameterization of nutrients and sediment build-up/wash-off processes for simulating stormwater quality from specific land uses. J Environ Manage 2024; 358:120768. [PMID: 38599081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization changes land cover through the expansion of impermeable surfaces, leading to a significant rise in runoff, sediment, and nutrient loading. The quality of stormwater is related to land use and is highly variable. Currently, stormwater is predominantly described through watershed models that rely minimally, if at all, on field monitoring data. The simple event mean concentration (EMC) wash-off approach by land use is a common method for estimating urban runoff loads. However, a major drawback of the EMC approach is it assumes concentration remains constant across events for a specific land use. Build-up/wash-off equations have been formulated to consider variations in concentration between events. However, several equation parameters are challenging to estimate, making them difficult to use. We conducted a monitoring and modeling study and investigated the impact of land use on stormwater quantity and quality and optimized and investigated the build-up/wash-off parameters for three homogenous urban land uses to estimate nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and sediment loads. Stormwater from commercial, medium-density residential, and transportation land uses was sampled using automatic samplers during storm events, and water quality was characterized for a variety of them for 14 months. Analysis of stormwater samples included assessments for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids. Results showed that medium-density residential land use had the highest median total nitrogen and total phosphorus event mean concentrations and commercial had the highest median total suspended solids EMCs. Water quality parameters (or build-up/wash-off parameters) exhibited significant variation between land uses, confirming that land use is a key determinant of stormwater quality. The median particle size for each land use was less than 150 μm, indicating that the most common particle size in stormwater was a very fine sand or smaller. This small size should be considered by stakeholders in the design of stormwater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shahed Behrouz
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States; Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, United States; Stantec Consulting Services Inc, Sacramento, CA, 95816, United States.
| | - David J Sample
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States; Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, United States.
| | - Odhiambo B Kisila
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA, 22401, United States.
| | - Michael Harrison
- Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Virginia Beach, VA, 23455, United States; College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States.
| | - Mohammad Nayeb Yazdi
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States; Department of Environmental Services, Arlington County, Arlington, VA, 22201, United States.
| | - Roja Kaveh Garna
- Department of Biological System Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States; Stantec Consulting Services Inc, Lexington, KY, 40513, United States.
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73
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Kim SH, Kim MS, Lee DH, Shin KH. Impact of typhoons on anthropogenic nitrogen sources in Lake Sihwa, South Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116324. [PMID: 38579447 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the nitrate dual isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) of water samples to trace nitrate sources in Lake Sihwa, which encompasses various land-use types (e.g., urban, industry, wetland, and agriculture). The biogeochemical interactions of anthropogenic nitrogen sources (e.g., soil, road dust, and septic water) were also evaluated through multiple pathways from terrestrial boundaries to the water column. Based on increased concentrations of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN; 3.1 ± 1.6 mg/L) after typhoon, the variation of element stoichiometry (N:P:Si) in this system shifted to the relatively N-rich conditions (DIN/DIP; 14.1 ± 8.1, DIN/DSi; 1.4 ± 1.8), potentially triggering the occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Furthermore, discriminative isotopic compositions (δ15NNO3; 4.0 ± 2.1 ‰, δ18ONO3; 6.1 ± 4.3 ‰) after the typhoon suggested the increased DTN input of anthropogenic origins within Lake Sihwa would be mainly transported from urban sources (76 ± 9 %). Consequently, the isotopic-based approach may be useful for effective water quality management under increased anthropogenic activities near aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Kim
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Fundamental Environment Research, Environmental Measurement and Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- Division of Earth and Environmental System Sciences, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
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74
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Morigasaki S, Matsui M, Ohtsu I, Doi Y, Kawano Y, Nakai R, Iwasaki W, Hayashi H, Takaya N. Temporal and fertilizer-dependent dynamics of soil bacterial communities in buckwheat fields under long-term management. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9896. [PMID: 38688974 PMCID: PMC11061196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study integrated bacterial community and soil chemicals to characterize the soil ecosystem in an open upland field managed by six controlled fertilizer programs using the minimum amount of pesticides. Amplicon sequencing the 16S rRNA gene revealed that inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and compost altered the diversity and structure of the soil bacterial community throughout buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench 'Hitachiakisoba') cultivation. The bacterial community comprised three clusters that contained bacteria that are prevalent in soils fertilized with nitrogen (cluster 1, 340 taxa), without nitrogen and compost (cluster 2, 234 taxa), and with compost-fertilized (cluster 3, 296 taxa). Cluster 2 contained more taxa in Actinobacteriota and less in Acidobacteriota, and cluster 3 contained more taxa in Gemmatimonadota compared with the other clusters. The most frequent taxa in cluster 1 were within the Chloroflexi phylum. The bacterial community structure correlated with soil chemical properties including pH, total organic carbon, SO42-, soluble Ca2+. A co-occurrence network of bacterial taxa and chemicals identified key bacterial groups comprising the center of a community network that determined topology and dynamics of the network. Temporal dynamics of the bacterial community structure indicated that Burkholderiales were associated with buckwheat ripening, indicating plant-bacteria interaction in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Morigasaki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Motomu Matsui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
| | - Iwao Ohtsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yuki Doi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakai
- Microbial Ecology and Technology Research Group, Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohiraku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8517, Japan
| | - Wataru Iwasaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Hayashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Naoki Takaya
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
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Gokila B, Manimaran G, Jayanthi D, Sivakumar K, Sridevi G, Thenmozhi S, Elayarajan M, Renukadevi A, Sudha R, Balasubramanian P. Long-term fertilization and manuring effects on the nexus between sulphur distribution and SOC in an Inceptisol over five decades under a finger millet-maize cropping system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9758. [PMID: 38684820 PMCID: PMC11058816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Our investigation revealed that alterations in sulphur (S) pools are predominantly governed by soil organic carbon (SOC), soil nitrogen (N), microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities in sandy clay loam (Vertic Ustropept) soil. We employed ten sets of nutrient management techniques, ranging from suboptimal (50% RDF) to super-optimal doses (150% RDF), including NPK + Zn, NP, N alone, S-free NPK fertilizers, NPK + FYM, and control treatments, to examine the interrelation of S with SOC characteristics. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the functional groups present in SOC characterization across four treatments: 100% NPK, 150% NPK, NPK + FYM, and absolute control plots. Principal component analysis (PCA) was then applied to assess 29 minimal datasets, aiming to pinpoint specific soil characteristics influencing S transformation. In an Inceptisol, the application of fertilizers (100% RDF) in conjunction with 10 t ha-1 of FYM resulted in an increase of S pools from the surface to the subsurface stratum (OS > HSS > SO42--S > WSS), along with an increase in soil N and SOC. FT-IR spectroscopy identified cellulose and thiocyanate functional groups in all four plots, with a pronounced presence of carbohydrate-protein polyphenol, sulfoxide (S=O), and nitrate groups specifically observed in the INM plot. The PCA findings indicated that the primary factors influencing soil quality and crop productivity (r2 of 0.69) are SOC, SMBC, SMBN, SMBS, and the enzyme activity of URE, DHA, and AS. According to the study, the combined application of fertilizer and FYM (10 t ha-1) together exert a positive impact on sulphur transformation, SOC accumulation, and maize yield in sandy clay loam soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gokila
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India.
| | - G Manimaran
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - D Jayanthi
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - K Sivakumar
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - G Sridevi
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - S Thenmozhi
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - M Elayarajan
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - A Renukadevi
- Department of Soil Science & Agrl. Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - R Sudha
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - P Balasubramanian
- Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
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76
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Suherman S, Yoel AN, Suratman A, Mudasir M. Carbon Dots Modified Multi Dopants Nitrogen and Boron for an Early Detection of Lead in the Environment. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2024; 112:71. [PMID: 38684523 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable optical properties and strong biocompatibility of carbon dots make them highly promising for applications in biochemical sensing and environmental testing. These carbon dots possess a surface that is easily modifiable. In this study, carbon dots have been successfully synthesized and modified by the addition of N and B dopants using the microwave method, along with the functionalization of their surface functional groups with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The maximum fluorescence intensity of N, B-CDs is observed at 462 nm when excited at a wavelength of 352 nm. N, B-CDs have a spherical size with a diameter ranging from 2 to 6 nm, confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectra and the presence of functional groups in the FT-IR absorption patterns. BSA-functionalized N, B-CDs as the fluorescent probe demonstrate great potential as a sensor for Pb(II) ions in water, with a very low detection limit of 1.05 µg/L. This research could contribute to the development of fluorescence nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suherman Suherman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathmematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Kotak Pos 21 BLS, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Andrian Nardus Yoel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathmematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Kotak Pos 21 BLS, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Adhitasari Suratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathmematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Kotak Pos 21 BLS, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Mudasir Mudasir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathmematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Kotak Pos 21 BLS, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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77
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Abu-Zied RH, Orif MI, Bantan RA, Al-Farawati R, Ghandourah MA, Aljahdali MH. Sources and pathways of carbon and nitrogen of macrophytes and sediments using stable isotopes in Al-Kharrar Lagoon, eastern Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299562. [PMID: 38662683 PMCID: PMC11045092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Elemental ratios (δ13C, δ15N and C/N) and carbon and nitrogen concentrations in macrophytes, sediments and sponges of the hypersaline Al-Kharrar Lagoon (KL), central eastern Red Sea coast, were measured to distinguish their sources, pathways and see how they have been influenced by biogeochemical processes and terrestrial inputs. The mangroves and halophytes showed the most depleted δ13C values of -27.07±0.2 ‰ and -28.34±0.4 ‰, respectively, indicating their preferential 12C uptake, similar to C3-photosynthetic plants, except for the halophytes Atriplex sp. and Suaeda vermiculata which showed δ13C of -14.31±0.6 ‰, similar to C4-plants. Macroalgae were divided into A and B groups based on their δ13C values. The δ13C of macroalgae A averaged -15.41±0.4 ‰, whereas macroalgae B and seagrasses showed values of -7.41±0.8 ‰ and -7.98 ‰, suggesting uptake of HCO3- as a source for CO2 during photosynthesis. The δ13C of sponges was -10.7±0.3 ‰, suggesting that macroalgae and seagrasses are their main favoured diets. Substrates of all these taxa showed δ13C of -15.52±0.8 ‰, suggesting the KL is at present a macroalgae-dominated lagoon. The δ15N in taxa/sediments averaged 1.68 ‰, suggesting that atmospheric N2-fixation is the main source of nitrogen in/around the lagoon. The heaviest δ15N (10.58 ‰) in halophytes growing in algal mats and sabkha is possibly due to denitrification and ammonia evaporation. The macrophytes in the KL showed high C %, N %, and C/N ratios, but this is not indicated in their substrates due possibly to a rapid turnover of dense, hypersaline waters carrying most of the detached organic materials out into the Red Sea. The δ13C allowed separation of subaerial from aquatic macrophytes, a proxy that could be used when interpreting paleo-sea level or paleoclimatic changes from the coastal marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan H. Abu-Zied
- Marine Geology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I. Orif
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashad A. Bantan
- Marine Geology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radwan Al-Farawati
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Ghandourah
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Aljahdali
- Marine Geology Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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78
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Pozo-Leyva D, Casanova-Lugo F, López-González F, Celis-Álvarez MD, Cruz-Tamayo AA, Canúl-Solís JR, Chay-Canúl AJ. Impact of diversified grazing systems on milk production, nutrient use and enteric methane emissions in dual-purpose cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:140. [PMID: 38656670 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated three continuous grazing systems: Brachiaria Brizantha, Clitoria ternatea and naturalized pastures, complemented with commercial concentrate and C. ternatea silage on milk yield, nutrient use and enteric methane (CH4) emissions. Nine multiparous cows of local Zebu breeds, with an average weight of 448 ± 87 kg, were used. The chemical composition of the food was determined. Live weight, milk production, and quality were assessed. Furthermore, serum urea, urea nitrogen, creatinine and glucose in blood were monitored, and nitrogen use efficiency were calculated. Enteric methane (CH4) emissions were estimated using Tier-2 methodology. A 3 × 3 latin square experimental design was applied. The grazing systems of B. brizantha and C. ternatea had the greater live weights of 465.8 and 453.3 kg/cow, although the latter is similar to naturalized pasture. Milk production and quality were not affected by grazing system, with the exception of the non-fat solids, where the C. ternatea system was lower (102.2 g/kg) than the other grazing systems. The crude protein and N intake, and N excretion in feces and urine were lower in naturalized pasture systems (1139.0 g/day). N outputs in milk was high in the C. ternatea system (56.3 g/cow/day). The naturalized pastures systems showed the better feed use efficiency (25.7%) compared to others. Serum urea and blood urea nitrogen were greater in B. brizantha followed by C. ternatea. Enteric CH4 emissions were indifferent among grazing systems when expressed as a percentage of greenhouse gases (7.1%). In conclusion, the grazing C. ternatea supplemented with commercial concentrate and C. ternatea silage maintains milk production and quality, reduced cow/day emissions (by 2.5%) and lowered energy losses as methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixan Pozo-Leyva
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, Ejido Juan Sarabia, C.P. 77960. Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Fernando Casanova-Lugo
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, Ejido Juan Sarabia, C.P. 77960. Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo, México.
| | - Felipe López-González
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus UAEM El Cerrillo, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50090, México
| | - María D Celis-Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus UAEM El Cerrillo, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50090, México
| | - Alvar A Cruz-Tamayo
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, C. 53 s/n, Unidad Esfuerzo y Trabajo I, Escárcega, Campeche, C.P. 24350, México
| | - Jorge R Canúl-Solís
- Tecnologico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de Tizimín, Avenida Cupules km 2.5, Tizimín Yucatán, CP. 97700, México
| | - Alfonso J Chay-Canúl
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México. Carretera Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, R/a. La Huasteca 2ª. Sección, Villahermosa, Tabasco, C.P. 86280, México
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79
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Zheng B, Xiao Z, Liu J, Zhu Y, Shuai K, Chen X, Liu Y, Hu R, Peng G, Li J, Hu Y, Su Z, Fang M, Li J. Vertical differences in carbon metabolic diversity and dominant flora of soil bacterial communities in farmlands. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9445. [PMID: 38658691 PMCID: PMC11043072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The carbon cycle in soil is significantly influenced by soil microbes. To investigate the vertical distribution of the dominant groups in agricultural soil and the carbon metabolic diversity of soil bacteria, 45 soil samples from the 0 ~ 50 cm soil layer in Hunan tobacco-rice multiple cropping farmland were collected in November 2017, and the carbon diversity of the soil bacterial community, bacterial community composition and soil physical and chemical properties were determined. The results showed that the carbon metabolic capabilities and functional diversity of the soil bacterial community decreased with depth. The three most widely used carbon sources for soil bacteria were carbohydrates, amino acids, and polymers. The dominant bacterial groups in surface soil (such as Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota) were significantly positively correlated with the carbon metabolism intensity. The alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content, soil bulk density and carbon-nitrogen ratio were the key soil factors driving the differences in carbon metabolism of the soil bacterial communities in the different soil layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufan Zheng
- Agronomy College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhipeng Xiao
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Hubei Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430040, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Kaifeng Shuai
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xiaye Chen
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Ruiwen Hu
- Agronomy College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Guangjue Peng
- Agronomy College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Junlin Li
- Guangxi Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Yichao Hu
- Guangxi Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Zan Su
- Guangxi Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Ming Fang
- Hunan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Agronomy College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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80
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Abudumutailifu M, Shang X, Wang L, Zhang M, Kang H, Chen Y, Li L, Ju R, Li B, Ouyang H, Tang X, Li C, Wang L, Wang X, George C, Rudich Y, Zhang R, Chen J. Unveiling the Molecular Characteristics, Origins, and Formation Mechanism of Reduced Nitrogen Organic Compounds in the Urban Atmosphere of Shanghai Using a Versatile Aerosol Concentration Enrichment System. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:7099-7112. [PMID: 38536960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Reduced nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in aerosols play a crucial role in altering their light-absorption properties, thereby impacting regional haze and climate. Due to the low concentration levels of individual NOCs in the air, the utilization of accurate detection and quantification technologies becomes essential. For the first time, this study investigated the diurnal variation, chemical characteristics, and potential formation pathways of NOCs in urban ambient aerosols in Shanghai using a versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) coupled with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The results showed that NOCs accounted over 60% of identified components of urban organic aerosols, with O/N < 3 compounds being the major contributors (>70%). The predominance of the positive ionization mode suggested the prevalence of reduced NOCs. Higher relative intensities and number fractions of NOCs were observed during nighttime, while CHO compounds showed an opposite trend. Notably, a positive correlation between the intensity of NOCs and ammonium during the nighttime was observed, suggesting that the reaction of ammonium to form imines may be a potential pathway for the formation of reduced NOCs during the nighttime. Seven prevalent types of reduced NOCs in autumn and winter were identified and characterized by an enrichment of CH2 long-chain homologues. These NOCs included alkyl, cyclic, and aromatic amides in CHON compounds, as well as heterocyclic or cyclic amines and aniline homologue series in CHN compounds, which were associated with anthropogenic activities and may be capable of forming light-absorbing chromophores or posing harm to human health. The findings highlight the significant contributions of both primary emissions and ammonium chemistry, particularly amination processes, to the pollution of reduced NOCs in Shanghai's atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munila Abudumutailifu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaona Shang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huihui Kang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yunqian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ling Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruiting Ju
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huiling Ouyang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xu Tang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xinke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Christian George
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Renhe Zhang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Eco-Chongming (SIEC), Shanghai 200062, China
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81
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Cruz Nieto DD, Muguruza Crispin NE, Caira Mamani CM, Castro Bartolomé HJ, Inga Sotelo MA, Alberto MNM, Valderrama Romero AS, Vargas Godoy VC, More López JM, Chanducas Tantaleán HE, Menacho Javier NE, Lara Castillo MA, Flores Casanova W, Benavente Ramírez ER, Apolín Montes LA, Diestra Salinas F. Biological and chemical characterization in relation to the yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) nourished with humus from plant residues. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e281235. [PMID: 38656077 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.281235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in prices of fertilizers, energy and other materials necessary for the industry triggered a global economic crisis. Reason that was investigated on the biological and chemical characteristics in relation to the yield of radish nourished with humus from plant residue. The objective was to determine the appropriate dose of humus to obtain greater yield and its relationship with the chemical and biological characteristics of the radish. It is based on applied methodology with an experimental approach; Therefore, the Completely Random Block Design model was used, which consisted of 3 blocks and 5 treatments that were T1 with 0, T2 with 4, T3 with 6, T4 with 8 and T5 with 10 t/ha of humus and They applied 15 days after sowing. The physical characteristics of the radish were evaluated and processed using analysis of variance and Duncan. Concentration of elements in leaves and stomatal density were also analyzed. It was determined that T5 stood out in total plant length with 28.95 cm, plant weight with 76.87 g, equatorial diameter with 4,404 cm and commercial yield with 20,296 t/ha. Nitrogen consumption in relation to yield with 247.44 kg/ha. Stomatal density 459 stomata/mm2 and profitability with 150% and nutrient concentration in leaves highlighted T4 with N, K, Ca, Mg, Mo and Zn. It concludes that T5 stood out with 20,296 t/ha, which differed by 26.04% in relation to the control (T1) with 15,011 t/ha. Therefore, this dose added nutrients to the soil that improved the availability for plant absorption and this influenced the concentration of nutrients in leaves such as N, P and Fe and stomatal density with 459 stomata/mm2, which had a response in good development, strengthening against environmental stress and therefore greater performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Cruz Nieto
- Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, Huacho, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J M More López
- Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - F Diestra Salinas
- Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Peru
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82
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Zhao H, Zhang S, Yang W, Xia F, Guo H, Tan Q. Coupling and decoupling of soil carbon and nutrients cycles at different salinity levels in a mangrove wetland: Insights from CUE and enzymatic stoichiometry. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171039. [PMID: 38369143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling, in conjunction with microbial metabolism, varies significantly with salinity in coastal areas. However, microbial metabolism limitation on salinity levels has received limited attention. Based on soil microbial carbon use efficiency and enzymatic stoichiometry, microbial nutrient limitation characteristics of soil microbial communities in different salinity levels (4.45 mS·cm-1 - 17.25 mS·cm-1) in a subtropical mangrove wetland were investigated. Compared to low-salinity levels, the activity of soil C-acquiring enzyme activities, enzymatic C:N ratios and enzymatic C:P ratios decreased with medium salinity levels and high salinity levels. Soil microbial metabolism was primarily constrained by C and N at different salinity levels. Boosted regression tree analysis revealed that abiotic factors had the greatest influence on C and N limitation of microbial metabolism at different salinity levels. This study underscores the significance of salinity in microbial metabolic processes and enhances our understanding of how future salinity changes induced by rising sea levels will affect soil carbon and nutrient cycling in coastal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Ecological Sciences and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Feiyang Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongjiang Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Liu Z, Gu H, Yao Q, Jiao F, Hu X, Liu J, Jin J, Liu X, Wang G. Soil pH and carbon quality index regulate the biogeochemical cycle couplings of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the profiles of Isohumosols. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171269. [PMID: 38423323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Soil biogeochemical cycles are essential for regulating ecosystem functions and services. However, little knowledge has been revealed on microbe-driven biogeochemical processes and their coupling mechanisms in soil profiles. This study investigated the vertical distribution of soil functional composition and their contribution to carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in the humus horizons (A-horizons) and parent material horizons (C-horizons) in Udic and Ustic Isohumosols using shotgun sequencing. Results showed that the diversity and relative abundance of microbial functional genes was influenced by soil horizons and soil types. In A-horizons, the relative abundances of N mineralization and liable C decomposition genes were significantly greater, but the P cycle-related genes, recalcitrant C decomposition and denitrification genes were lower compared to C-horizons. While, Ustic Isohumosols had lower relative abundances of C decomposition genes but higher relative abundances of N mineralization and P cycling-related pathways compared to Udic Isohumosols. The network analysis revealed that C-horizons had more interactions and stronger stability of functional gene networks than in A-horizons. Importantly, our results provide new insights into the potential mechanisms for the coupling processes of soil biogeochemical cycles among C, N and P, which is mediated by specific microbial taxa. Soil pH and carbon quality index (CQI) were two sensitive indicators for regulating the relative abundances and the relationships of functional genes in biogeochemical cycles. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ecological functions of soil microorganisms, thus providing a theoretical basis for the exploration and utilization of soil microbial resources and the development of soil ecological control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Haidong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin Yao
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Feng Jiao
- College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xiaojing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Jian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Guanghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China.
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84
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Song Y, Song T, An Y, Shan L, Su X, Yu S. Soil ecoenzyme activities coupled with soil properties and plant biomass strongly influence the variation in soil organic carbon components in semi-arid degraded wetlands. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171361. [PMID: 38428614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Wetland degradation can induce alterations in plant biomass, soil properties, and soil ecoenzyme activities, consequently influencing soil organic carbon components. Despite extensive investigations into the relationships among plant characteristics, soil properties, and soil organic carbon components, the enzymatic mechanisms underlying changes in soil organic carbon components, particularly the impact and contribution of ecoenzyme activities, remain poorly understood. This study compared the soil organic carbon components at a depth of 0-20 cm in wetlands in the semi-arid western Songnen Plain under different degradation levels and explored plant biomass, soil properties, and soil ecoenzyme activities. The results showed that the soil total organic carbon, labile organic carbon, and recalcitrant organic carbon contents in the degraded wetlands were generally lower than those in the non-degraded wetlands. Furthermore, the soil nutrient contents and soil β-1,4-glucosidase, L-leucine aminopeptidase, and acid phosphatase activities were also lower in the degraded wetlands than in the non-degraded wetlands. Vector analysis of enzymatic stoichiometry revealed that wetland degradation did not increase microbial carbon limitation. The soil organic carbon components showed significant positive correlations with plant biomass, soil water content, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, as well as soil ecoenzyme activities. Variation partitioning analysis revealed that plant biomass, soil properties, soil ecoenzyme activities collectively accounted for 78.5 % variation in soil organic carbon components, among which plant biomass, soil properties, soil ecoenzyme activities, and their interactions explaining 4.2 %, 8.0 %, 7.9 %, and 24.5 % of the variation, respectively. Therefore, the impact of soil ecoenzyme activities and soil properties on soil organic carbon component changes was greater than that of plant biomass, with the interaction of these three factors playing a crucial role in soil organic carbon formation. This study provides a theoretical basis for scientifically evaluating the carbon sink function of degraded wetland soil and preserving the wetland soil carbon pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhi Song
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Tiejun Song
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China.
| | - Yu An
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Liping Shan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Xiaosi Su
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
| | - Shuiduo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130026, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China
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85
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Śniegowska J, Biesiada A, Gasiński A. Influence of the Nitrogen Fertilization on the Yield, Biometric Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Grown in Poland. Molecules 2024; 29:1865. [PMID: 38675686 PMCID: PMC11054086 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a plant native to South America that has gathered much interest in recent decades thanks to diterpene glycosides, called steviosides, which it produces. These compounds are characterised by their sweetness, which is 250-300 times higher than saccharose, and they contain almost no caloric value. Stevia is currently also grown outside the South American continent, in various countries characterised by warm weather. This research aimed to determine whether it is viable to grow Stevia rebaudiana plants in Poland, a country characterised by a cooler climate than the native regions for stevia plants. Additionally, the impact of adding various dosages and forms of nitrogen fertiliser was analysed. It was determined that Stevia rebaudiana grown in Poland is characterised by a rather low concentration of steviosides, although proper nitrogen fertilisation can improve various characteristics of the grown plants. The addition of 100 kg or 150 kg of nitrogen per hectare of the field in the form of urea or ammonium nitrate increased the yield of the stevia plants. The stevioside content can be increased by applying fertilisation using 100 kg or 150 kg of nitrogen per hectare in the form of ammonium sulfate. The total yield of the stevia plants grown in Poland was lower than the yield typically recorded in warmer countries, and the low concentration of steviosides in the plant suggests that more research about growing Stevia rebaudiana in Poland would be needed to develop profitable methods of stevia cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Śniegowska
- Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anita Biesiada
- Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Alan Gasiński
- Department of Fermentation and Cereals Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
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86
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Hammerich J, Schulz C, Probst R, Lüdicke T, Luthardt V. Carbon content and other soil properties of near-surface peats before and after peatland restoration. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17113. [PMID: 38646486 PMCID: PMC11032657 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Peatland restoration usually aims at restarting the peatlands' function to store carbon within peat. The soil properties of the near-surface peat can give a first understanding of this process. Therefore, we sampled pH value, total organic carbon content (TOC), total nitrogen content (TN), C/N ratio as well as dry bulk density (BD), and describe the structure of near-surface peats in six restored fens in North-East Germany before (2002-2004) and after (2019-2021) restoration. Before restoration, the study sites showed peat degradation to various extents in their near-surface peats. pH values remained relatively stable over time. Comparing the degraded peat horizons, TOC increased significantly in four study sites, ranging from 35.7% to 47.8% in 2002-2004 and from 42.5% to 54.0% in 2019-2021. TN varied from 1.5% to 3.5% in 2002-2004 and from 1.8% to 3.2% in 2019-2021, but changes were only significant in one site, showing a slight decrease. In three sites, the increase in C/N ratio was significant, indicating lower nutrient availability. BD ranged from 0.08 to 0.48 g/cm3 in 2002-2004 and from 0.10 to 0.16 g/cm3 in 2019-2021, decreasing significantly in four sites. The structure of the degraded peat horizons changed after restoration to a more homogenous, sludge mass with larger re-aggregates. In three sites, new peat moss peat layers above the degraded soil horizon were present in 2019-2021, with a mean thickness of 6.8 to 36.1 cm. The structure was comparable to typical, slightly decomposed peat moss peat. Our findings suggest that within about 17 years after fen restoration, and thereby a water table rise close to surface, TOC of the near-surface peats increased to values that are typical for undisturbed peatlands. This indicates that restoration can lead to the re-establishment of peatlands as potential carbon sinks, with TOC within the near-surface peat as one key factor in this process. Further, we assume that the decrease in nutrient availability, decrease of BD, and new, undisturbed peat layers can favor the establishment of mire-specific biodiversity and support ecosystem services similar to near-natural mires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hammerich
- Faculty of Landscape Management & Nature Conservation, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany
- Center of Methods & Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Corinna Schulz
- Faculty of Landscape Management & Nature Conservation, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany
- Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany
| | - Robert Probst
- Faculty of Landscape Management & Nature Conservation, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lüdicke
- UWEG Engineers & Analytics GmbH, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Vera Luthardt
- Faculty of Landscape Management & Nature Conservation, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Brandenburg, Germany
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87
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Zhang ZE, Li J, Zhang R, Tian C, Sun Z, Li T, Han M, Yu K, Zhang G. Increase in Agricultural-Derived NH x and Decrease in Coal Combustion-Derived NO x Result in Atmospheric Particulate N-NH 4+ Surpassing N-NO 3- in the South China Sea. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6682-6692. [PMID: 38547356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic active nitrogen significantly influences marine primary productivity and contributes to eutrophication. The form of nitrogen deposition has been evolving annually, alongside changes in human activities. A disparity arises between observation results and simulation conclusions due to the limited field observation and research in the ocean. To address this gap, our study undertook three field cruises in the South China Sea in 2021, the largest marginal sea of China. The objective was to investigate the latest atmospheric particulate inorganic nitrogen deposition pattern and changes in nitrogen sources, employing nitrogen-stable isotopes of nitrate (δ15N-NO3-) and ammonia (δ15N-NH4+) linked to a mixing model. The findings reveal that the N-NH4+ deposition generally surpasses N-NO3- deposition, attributed to a decline in the level of NOx emission from coal combustion and an upswing in the level of NHx emission from agricultural sources. The disparity in deposition between N-NH4+ and N-NO3- intensifies from the coast to the offshore, establishing N-NH4+ as the primary contributor to oceanic nitrogen deposition, particularly in ocean background regions. Fertilizer (33 ± 21%) and livestock (20 ± 6%) emerge as the primary sources of N-NH4+. While coal combustion continues to be a significant contributor to marine atmospheric N-NO3-, its proportion has diminished to 22 (Northern Coast)-35% (background area) due to effective NOx emission controls by the countries surrounding the South China Sea, especially the Chinese Government. As coal combustion's contribution dwindles, the significance of vessel and marine biogenic emissions grows. The daytime higher atmospheric N-NO3- concentration and lower δ15N-NO3- compared with nighttime further underscore the substantial role of marine biogenic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-En Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ruijie Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, P. R. China
| | - Chongguo Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minwei Han
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea; Coral Reef Research Center of China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, P. R. China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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88
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Jia Y, Hu X, Kang W, Dong X. Unveiling Microbial Nitrogen Metabolism in Rivers using a Machine Learning Approach. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6605-6615. [PMID: 38566483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Microbial nitrogen metabolism is a complicated and key process in mediating environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in rivers. However, the interactive drivers of microbial nitrogen metabolism in rivers have not been identified. Here, we analyze the microbial nitrogen metabolism patterns in 105 rivers in China driven by 26 environmental and socioeconomic factors using an interpretable causal machine learning (ICML) framework. ICML better recognizes the complex relationships between factors and microbial nitrogen metabolism than traditional linear regression models. Furthermore, tipping points and concentration windows were proposed to precisely regulate microbial nitrogen metabolism. For example, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) below tipping points of 6.2 and 4.2 mg/L easily reduce bacterial denitrification and nitrification, respectively. The concentration windows for NO3--N (15.9-18.0 mg/L) and DOC (9.1-10.8 mg/L) enabled the highest abundance of denitrifying bacteria on a national scale. The integration of ICML models and field data clarifies the important drivers of microbial nitrogen metabolism, supporting the precise regulation of nitrogen pollution and river ecological management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weilu Kang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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89
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Xiong C, K. Singh B, Zhu YG, Hu HW, Li PP, Han YL, Han LL, Zhang QB, Wang JT, Liu SY, Wu CF, Ge AH, Zhang LM, He JZ. Microbial species pool-mediated diazotrophic community assembly in crop microbiomes during plant development. mSystems 2024; 9:e0105523. [PMID: 38501864 PMCID: PMC11019923 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01055-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated diazotrophs strongly relate to plant nitrogen (N) supply and growth. However, our knowledge of diazotrophic community assembly and microbial N metabolism in plant microbiomes is largely limited. Here we examined the assembly and temporal dynamics of diazotrophic communities across multiple compartments (soils, epiphytic and endophytic niches of root and leaf, and grain) of three cereal crops (maize, wheat, and barley) and identified the potential N-cycling pathways in phylloplane microbiomes. Our results demonstrated that the microbial species pool, influenced by site-specific environmental factors (e.g., edaphic factors), had a stronger effect than host selection (i.e., plant species and developmental stage) in shaping diazotrophic communities across the soil-plant continuum. Crop diazotrophic communities were dominated by a few taxa (~0.7% of diazotrophic phylotypes) which were mainly affiliated with Methylobacterium, Azospirillum, Bradyrhizobium, and Rhizobium. Furthermore, eight dominant taxa belonging to Azospirillum and Methylobacterium were identified as keystone diazotrophic taxa for three crops and were potentially associated with microbial network stability and crop yields. Metagenomic binning recovered 58 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from the phylloplane, and the majority of them were identified as novel species (37 MAGs) and harbored genes potentially related to multiple N metabolism processes (e.g., nitrate reduction). Notably, for the first time, a high-quality MAG harboring genes involved in the complete denitrification process was recovered in the phylloplane and showed high identity to Pseudomonas mendocina. Overall, these findings significantly expand our understanding of ecological drivers of crop diazotrophs and provide new insights into the potential microbial N metabolism in the phyllosphere.IMPORTANCEPlants harbor diverse nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (i.e., diazotrophic communities) in both belowground and aboveground tissues, which play a vital role in plant nitrogen supply and growth promotion. Understanding the assembly and temporal dynamics of crop diazotrophic communities is a prerequisite for harnessing them to promote plant growth. In this study, we show that the site-specific microbial species pool largely shapes the structure of diazotrophic communities in the leaves and roots of three cereal crops. We further identify keystone diazotrophic taxa in crop microbiomes and characterize potential microbial N metabolism pathways in the phyllosphere, which provides essential information for developing microbiome-based tools in future sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brajesh K. Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pei-Pei Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Lai Han
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Bing Zhang
- Soil and Fertilizer Station of Qilin District, Qujing, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jun-Tao Wang
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Si-Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Fa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - An-Hui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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90
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Zhang J, Lin G, Zeng DH. Long-term nitrogen addition modifies fine root growth and vertical distribution by affecting soil nutrient availability in a Mongolian pine plantation. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171168. [PMID: 38401734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Fine roots are the primary organ of tree species in water and nutrient acquisition, and are the major contributor of forest soil organic carbon (C). However, it remains largely unknown how fine root growth dynamics and vertical distribution respond to long-term nitrogen (N) enrichment, which prevents us from accurately evaluating forest C sequestration potential under N deposition. Here, we investigated the effects of nine-year N addition (0 and 10 g N m-2 year-1) on fine root nutrients, biomass, production, turnover rate and vertical distribution in three soil layers (0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm) of a Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation in the Keerqin Sandy Lands, Northeast China. We found that soil inorganic N was increased and Olsen-P was decreased by N addition. N addition increased fine root N, C:P and N:P ratios, but reduced fine root P and C:N ratio across all soil layers. N addition reduced fine root biomass in 0-10 cm soil layer but increased it in 20-40 cm soil layer. N addition accelerated fine root turnover rate in 0-10 cm soil layer, and increased fine root necromass across all soil layers. Moreover, N addition significantly enhanced biomass of ectomycorrhizal extraradical hyphae in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Redundancy analysis showed that variations of fine root traits were well explained by soil NO3--N in 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers, and by soil NH4+-N and Olsen-P in 20-40 cm soil layer. Collectively, our results highlight the shift from N limitation to P limitation of Mongolian pine plantations under long-term N addition, and suggest that changes in fine root growth and vertical distribution induced by N addition could accelerate belowground C allocation in Mongolian pine plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guigang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - De-Hui Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Daqinggou Ecological Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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91
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Kong L, Song J, Ru J, Feng J, Hou J, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang H, Yue X, Zhou Z, Sun D, Zhang J, Li H, Fan Y, Wan S. Nitrogen addition does not alter symmetric responses of soil respiration to changing precipitation in a semi-arid grassland. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171170. [PMID: 38402979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Concurrent changing precipitation regimes and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can have profound influences on soil carbon (C) cycling. However, how N enrichment regulates the responses of soil C fluxes to increasing variability of precipitation remains elusive. As part of a field precipitation gradient experiment with nine levels of precipitation amounts (-60 %, -45 %, -30 %, -15 %, ambient precipitation, +15 %, +30 %, +45 %, and +60 %) and two levels of N addition (0 and 10 g N m-2 yr-1) in a semi-arid temperate steppe on the Mongolian Plateau, this work was conducted to investigate the responses of soil respiration to decreased and increased precipitation (DP and IP), N addition, and their possible interactions. Averaged over the three years from 2019 to 2021, DP suppressed soil respiration by 16.1 %, whereas IP stimulated it by 27.4 %. Nitrogen addition decreased soil respiration by 7.1 % primarily via reducing microbial biomass C. Soil respiration showed symmetric responses to DP and IP within all the four precipitation variabilities (i.e., 15 %, 30 %, 45 %, and 60 %) under ambient N. Nevertheless, N addition did not alter the symmetric responses of soil respiration to changing precipitation due to the comparable sensitivities of microbial biomass and root growth to DP and IP under the N addition treatment. These findings indicate that intensified precipitation variability does not change but N addition could alleviate soil C releases. The unchanged symmetric responses of soil respiration to precipitation variability under N addition imply that N deposition may not change the response pattern of soil C releases to predicted increases in precipitation variability in grasslands, facilitating the robust projections of ecosystem C cycling under future global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jingyi Ru
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jiawei Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Xueke Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Qingshan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Haidao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Xiaojing Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhou
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Dasheng Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Heng Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yongge Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China.
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92
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Xiao W, Chen C, Chen HYH. Nitrogen deposition suppresses soil respiration by reducing global belowground activity. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171246. [PMID: 38402980 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Soil respiration (Rs) indicates below-ground biological activities. Previous studies have suggested that higher nitrogen (N) deposition due to human activities exerts an increasingly negative effect on Rs. However, the mechanisms underlying this negative effect remain highly uncertain on a global scale. Using a global dataset of 262 N addition experiments, here we show the overall N addition effects on Rs changed from positive to negative with increasing N addition rate and duration. By constructing a structural equation model (SEM) that explained 41 % variation in the responses of Rs to N addition, we revealed that Rs under increasing N addition was simultaneously associated with decreases in soil pH, root biomass and microbial biomass, with the strongest influence by root biomass. Decreasing soil pH had cascading effects on root and microbial biomass, while N-addition-induced root biomass reduction further manifested a decrease in microbial biomass. Across global variations in the environment, lower background soil pH amplified the negative impacts of N addition on root and microbial biomass, which consequently exhilarated the negative impact of high N on Rs. Our results highlight that predicting the response of belowground biological activities to global changes is complex with the essence of integrative understanding for the multivariate pathways through soil physical properties, plants and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Xiao
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada.
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
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93
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Vieira Firmino M, Trémier A, Couvert A, Szymczyk A. New insights into biochar ammoniacal nitrogen adsorption and its correlation to aerobic degradation ammonia emissions. Waste Manag 2024; 178:257-266. [PMID: 38417311 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
One of the technical barriers to the wider use of biochar in the composting practices is the lack of accurate quantification linking biochar properties to application outcomes. To address this issue, this paper investigates the use of ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity by biochar as a predictor of ammonia emission during composting in the presence of biochar. With this in mind, this work investigated the use of ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity of biochar when mixed with solid digestate, and the reduction in ammonia emissions resulting from the addition of biochar during aerobic degradation of solid digestate. A biochar synthesized at 900 °C, another synthesized at 450 °C, and two derivatives of the latter biochar, one chemically modified with nitric acid and the other with potassium hydroxide, were tested. This study concluded that the chemical characteristics of the biochar, including pH and oxygen/carbon atomic ratio, had a greater influence on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen than physical attributes such as specific surface area. In this regard, nitric acid modification had superior performance compared to hydroxide potassium modification to increase biochar chemical attributes and reduce ammonia emissions when applied to aerobic degradation. Finally, a significant linear correlation (p-value < 0.05, r2 = 0.79) was found between biochar ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity and ammonia emissions along composting, showing the potential of this variable as a predictive parameter. This study provides insights for future explorations aiming to develop predictive tests for biochar performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annabelle Couvert
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Anthony Szymczyk
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR, 6226 Rennes, France.
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94
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Pandey R, Bargali SS, Bargali K, Karki H, Chaturvedi RK. Dynamics of nitrogen mineralization and fine root decomposition in sub-tropical Shorea robusta Gaertner f. forests of Central Himalaya, India. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:170896. [PMID: 38369135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of spatial and temporal variability in edaphic, and climatic attributeson soil net nitrogen mineralization rate, and to understand the pattern of fine root decomposition of dominant and co-dominant tree species, and its influence on the nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Study was carried out at four different sites in sub-tropical forest ecosystems of Shorea robusta, in foothills of Central Himalayan region, India. Co-dominant tree species at four sites were Mallotus philippensis (site A), Glochidion velutinum (site B), Holarrhena pubescens (site C), and Tectona grandis (site D). Buried bag technique was used for nitrogen mineralization, while fine root decomposition was determined using fine root mesh bags. Seasonal variation, soil depth, soil characteristics, and site variability, all significantly (p < 0.05) affected nitrogen mineralization rates. Fine root decomposition was significantly affected by nutrient concentration of fine roots. Total mineral nitrogen was maximum at site D (16.24 ± 0.96 μg g-1 soil), while minimum at site C (10.10 ± 0.84 μg g-1 soil). Maximum nitrogen mineralization (13.18 ± 0.18 μg g-1 month-1) was recorded during summer season at site D, while the minimum nitrogen mineralization (3.20 ± 0.46 μg g-1 month-1) was recorded during rainy season at site C. Inorganic-N and net nitrogen mineralization was relatively higher in 0-20 cm soil layer than 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer. The fine roots showed 70.61-74.82 % weight loss on completion of 365 days of decomposition process. Maximum fine root decomposition was observed in the G. velutinum, and minimum in T. grandis. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) was observed between root nitrogen and carbon content, and decomposition rates per month. This study concluded that the spatial and temporal variability in soil nitrogen mineralization rates and fine root decomposition optimises nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems, which can contribute to the development of sustainable forest management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Pandey
- Department of Botany, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Surendra Singh Bargali
- Department of Botany, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Kiran Bargali
- Department of Botany, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Himani Karki
- Department of Botany, DSB Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R K Chaturvedi
- Center for Integrative Conservation & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Conservation of Tropical Rainforests & Asian Elephant, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, PR China.
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95
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Ding Z, Mou Z, Li Y, Liang C, Xie Z, Wang J, Hui D, Lambers H, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Xu H, Liu Z. Spatial variation and controls of soil microbial necromass carbon in a tropical montane rainforest. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:170986. [PMID: 38373450 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Soil microbial necromass carbon is an important component of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool which helps to improve soil fertility and texture. However, the spatial pattern and variation mechanisms of fungal- and bacterial-derived necromass carbon at local scales in tropical rainforests are uncertain. This study showed that microbial necromass carbon and its proportion in SOC in tropical montane rainforest exhibited large spatial variation and significant autocorrelation, with significant high-high and low-low clustering patterns. Microbial necromass carbon accounted for approximately one-third of SOC, and the fungal-derived microbial necromass carbon and its proportion in SOC were, on average, approximately five times greater than those of bacterial-derived necromass. Structural equation models indicated that soil properties (SOC, total nitrogen, total phosphorus) and topographic features (elevation, convexity, and aspect) had significant positive effects on microbial necromass carbon concentrations, but negative effects on its proportions in SOC (especially the carbon:nitrogen ratio). Plant biomass also had significant negative effects on the proportion of microbial necromass carbon in SOC, but was not correlated with its concentration. The different spatial variation mechanisms of microbial necromass carbon and their proportions in SOC are possibly related to a slower accumulation rate of microbial necromass carbon than of plant-derived organic carbon. Geographic spatial correlations can significantly improve the microbial necromass carbon model fit, and low sampling resolution may lead to large uncertainties in estimating soil carbon dynamics at specific sites. Our work will be valuable for understanding microbial necromass carbon variation in tropical forests and soil carbon prediction model construction with microbial participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhijian Mou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanpeng Li
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zicai Xie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia 08193, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia 08193, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Han Xu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Zhanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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96
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Magri M, Bondavalli C, Bartoli M, Benelli S, Žilius M, Petkuviene J, Vybernaite-Lubiene I, Vaičiūtė D, Grinienė E, Zemlys P, Morkūnė R, Daunys D, Solovjova S, Bučas M, Gasiūnaitė ZR, Baziukas-Razinkovas A, Bodini A. Temporal and spatial differences in nitrogen and phosphorus biogeochemistry and ecosystem functioning of a hypertrophic lagoon (Curonian Lagoon, SE Baltic Sea) revealed via Ecological Network Analysis. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:171070. [PMID: 38382608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In coastal lagoons, eutrophication and hydrology are interacting factors that produce distortions in biogeochemical nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles. Such distortions affect nutrient relative availability and produce cascade consequences on primary producer's community and ecosystem functioning. In this study, the seasonal functioning of a coastal lagoon was investigated with a multielement approach, via the construction and analysis of network models. Spring and summer networks, both for N and P flows, have been simultaneously compiled for the northern transitional and southern confined area of the hypertrophic Curonian Lagoon (SE Baltic Sea). Ecological Network Analysis was applied to address the combined effect of hydrology and seasonality on biogeochemical processes. Results suggest that the ecosystem is more active and presents higher N and P fluxes in summer compared to spring, regardless of the area. Furthermore, larger internal recycling characterizes the confined compared to the transitional area, regardless of the season. The two areas differed in the fate of available nutrients. The transitional area received large riverine inputs that were mainly transferred to the sea without the conversion into primary producers' biomass. The confined area had fewer inputs but proportionally larger conversion into phytoplankton biomass. In summer, particularly in the confined area, primary production was inefficiently consumed by herbivores. Most phytoplanktonic N and P, in the confined area more than in the transitional area, were conveyed to the detritus pathway where P, more than N, was recycled, contributing to the unbalance in N:P stoichiometry and favouring N-fixing cyanobacteria over other phytoplankton groups. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of N and P circulation patterns in lagoon areas characterized by different hydrology. They also support the importance of a stoichiometric approach to trace relative differences in N and P recycling and abundance, that promote blooms, drive algal communities and whole ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Magri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Cristina Bondavalli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Genoa Marine Center, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sara Benelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Mindaugas Žilius
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Jolita Petkuviene
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Irma Vybernaite-Lubiene
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Diana Vaičiūtė
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Evelina Grinienė
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Petras Zemlys
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Rasa Morkūnė
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Darius Daunys
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Sabina Solovjova
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Martynas Bučas
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Zita Rasuole Gasiūnaitė
- Marine Research Institute, University of Klaipeda, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | | | - Antonio Bodini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 33/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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97
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Han R, Zhang Q, Xu Z. Soil organic nitrogen variation shaped by diverse agroecosystems in a typical karst area: evidence from isotopic geochemistry. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17221. [PMID: 38638157 PMCID: PMC11025543 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Soil organic nitrogen (SON) levels can respond effectively to crop metabolism and are directly related to soil productivity. However, simultaneous comparisons of SON dynamics using isotopic tracing in diverse agroecosystems are lacking, especially in karst areas with fragile ecology. Methods To better understand the response of SON dynamics to environmental changes under the coupling of natural and anthropogenic disturbances, SON contents and their stable N isotope (δ15NSON) compositions were determined in abandoned cropland (AC, n = 16), grazing shrubland (GS, n = 11), and secondary forest land (SF, n = 20) from a typical karst area in southwest China. Results The SON contents in the SF (mean: 0.09%) and AC (mean: 0.10%) profiles were obviously lower than those in the GS profile (mean: 0.31%). The δ15NSON values ranged from 4.35‰-7.59‰, 3.79‰-7.23‰, and 1.87‰-7.08‰ for the SF, AC, and GS profiles, respectively. Decomposition of organic matter controlled the SON variations in the secondary forest land by the covered vegetation, and that in the grazing shrubland by goat excreta. δ15NSON ranges were controlled by the covered vegetation, and the δ15NSON fractionations during SON transformation were influenced by microorganisms in all surface soil. Conclusions The excreta of goats that contained 15N-enriched SON induced a heavier δ15NSON composition in the grazed shrubland. Long-term cultivation consumes SON, whereas moderate grazing increases SON content to reduce the risk of soil degradation. This study suggests that optimized crop-livestock production may benefit the sustainable development of agroecosystems in karst regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyin Han
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing, China
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98
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Wongkiew S, Aksorn S, Amnuaychaichana S, Polprasert C, Noophan PL, Kanokkantapong V, Koottatep T, Surendra KC, Khanal SK. Bioponic systems with biochar: Insights into nutrient recovery, heavy metal reduction, and microbial interactions in digestate-based bioponics. Waste Manag 2024; 178:267-279. [PMID: 38422680 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Bioponics is a nutrient-recovery technology that transforms nutrient-rich organic waste into plant biomass/bioproducts. Integrating biochar with digestate from anaerobic wastewater treatment process can improve resource recovery while mitigating heavy metal contamination. The overarching goal of this study was to investigate the application of biochar in digestate-based bioponics, focusing on its efficacy in nutrient recovery and heavy metal removal, while also exploring the microbial community dynamics. In this study, biochar was applied at 50 % w/w with 500 g dry weight of digestate during two 28-day crop cycles (uncontrolled pH and pH 5.5) using white stem pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) as a model crop. The results showed that the digestate provided sufficient phosphorus and nitrogen, supporting plant growth. Biochar amendment improved plant yield and phosphate solubilization and reduced nitrogen loss, especially at the pH 5.5. Furthermore, biochar reduced the heavy metal accumulation in plants, while concentrating these metals in the residual sludge. However, owing to potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks, it is still not recommended to directly consume plants cultivated in digestate-based bioponic systems. Additionally, biochar amendment exhibited pronounced impact on the microbial community, promoting microbes responsible for nutrient solubilization and cycling (e.g., Tetrasphaera, Herpetosiphon, Hyphomicrobium, and Pseudorhodoplanes) and heavy metal stabilization (e.g., Leptolinea, Fonticella, Romboutsia, and Desulfurispora) in both the residual sludge and plants. Overall, the addition of biochar enhanced the microbial community and facilitated the metal stabilization and the cycling of nutrients within both residual sludge and root systems, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the bioponics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeth Wongkiew
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Water Science and Technology for Sustainable Environment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Satja Aksorn
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchana Amnuaychaichana
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chongrak Polprasert
- Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Lek Noophan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapot Kanokkantapong
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thammarat Koottatep
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong-ro 2511, Sejong, Korea (Affiliate Faculty)
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Galindo FS, Pagliari PH, da Silva EC, de Lima BH, Fernandes GC, Thiengo CC, Bernardes JVS, Jalal A, Oliveira CES, de Sousa Vilela L, Furlani Junior E, Nogueira TAR, do Nascimento V, Teixeira Filho MCM, Lavres J. Impact of nitrogen fertilizer sustainability on corn crop yield: the role of beneficial microbial inoculation interactions. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:268. [PMID: 38605320 PMCID: PMC11008049 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the challenges posed by nitrogen (N) pollution and its impact on food security and sustainability, it is crucial to develop management techniques that optimize N fertilization in croplands. Our research intended to explore the potential benefits of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis combined with N application rates on corn plants. The study focused on evaluating corn photosynthesis-related parameters, oxidative stress assay, and physiological nutrient use parameters. Focus was placed on the eventual improved capacity of plants to recover N from applied fertilizers (AFR) and enhance N use efficiency (NUE) during photosynthesis. The two-year field trial involved four seed inoculation treatments (control, A. brasilense, B. subtilis, and A. brasilense + B. subtilis) and five N application rates (0 to 240 kg N ha-1, applied as side-dress). RESULTS Our results suggested that the combined effects of microbial consortia and adequate N-application rates played a crucial role in N-recovery; enhanced NUE; increased N accumulation, leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), and shoot and root growth; consequently improving corn grain yield. The integration of inoculation and adequate N rates upregulated CO2 uptake and assimilation, transpiration, and water use efficiency, while downregulated oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the optimum N application rate could be reduced from 240 to 175 kg N ha-1 while increasing corn yield by 5.2%. Furthermore, our findings suggest that replacing 240 by 175 kg N ha-1 of N fertilizer (-65 kg N ha-1) with microbial consortia would reduce CO2 emission by 682.5 kg CO2 -e ha-1. Excessive N application, mainly with the presence of beneficial bacteria, can disrupt N-balance in the plant, alter soil and bacteria levels, and ultimately affect plant growth and yield. Hence, highlighting the importance of adequate N management to maximize the benefits of inoculation in agriculture and to counteract N loss from agricultural systems intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Shintate Galindo
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, Department of Crop Production, São Paulo State University, Dracena, 17900-000, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Humberto Pagliari
- Southwest Research and Outreach Center, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Lamberton, MN, 56152, USA
| | - Edson Cabral da Silva
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, 15345-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Horschut de Lima
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, 15345-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Carlos Fernandes
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, 15345-000, Brazil
| | - Cassio Carlette Thiengo
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13416-000, Brazil
| | | | - Arshad Jalal
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Eduardo Silva Oliveira
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, 15345-000, Brazil
| | - Lucila de Sousa Vilela
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, Department of Crop Production, São Paulo State University, Dracena, 17900-000, Brazil
| | - Enes Furlani Junior
- Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, 15345-000, Brazil
| | | | - Vagner do Nascimento
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, Department of Crop Production, São Paulo State University, Dracena, 17900-000, Brazil
| | | | - José Lavres
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13416-000, Brazil
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Fernández-Guisuraga JM, Ansola G, Pinto R, Marcos E, Calvo L, Sáenz de Miera LE. Resistance of soil bacterial communities from montane heathland ecosystems in the Cantabrian mountains (NW Spain) to a gradient of experimental nitrogen deposition. Sci Total Environ 2024; 920:171079. [PMID: 38373460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on terrestrial ecosystems has become one of the most important drivers of microbial diversity loss on a global scale, and has been reported to alter the soil function of nutrient-poor, montane Calluna vulgaris heathlands in the context of global change. In this work we analyze for the first time the shifts of bacterial communities in response to experimental addition of N in Calluna heathlands as a simulation of atmospheric deposition. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of five N addition treatments (0, 10, 20, and 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for 3-years; and 56 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for 10-years) on the resistance of soil bacterial communities as determined by changes in their composition and alpha and beta diversities. The study was conducted in montane Calluna heathlands at different development stages (young and mature phases) in the southern side of the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain). Our results evidenced a substantial increase of long-term (10-years) N inputs on soil extractable N-NH4+, particularly in young Calluna stands. The alpha diversity of soil bacterial communities in mature Calluna stands did not show a significant response to experimental N addition, whereas it was significantly higher under long-term chronic N addition (56 kg N ha-1 yr-1 for 10-years) in young Calluna stands. These bacterial community shifts are mainly attributable to a decrease in the dominance of Acidobacteria phylum, the most representative in montane Calluna ecosystems, in favor of copiotrophic taxa such as Actinobacteria or Proteobacteria phyla, favored under increased N availability. Future research should investigate what specific ecosystem functions performed by soil bacterial communities may be sensitive to increased nitrogen depositions, which may have substantial implications for the understanding of montane Calluna ecosystems' stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Fernández-Guisuraga
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain; Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biológicas, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Gemma Ansola
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Rayo Pinto
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Elena Marcos
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Leonor Calvo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Luis E Sáenz de Miera
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
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