1
|
Kolcsár M, Zeces IA, Kövecsi A, Kovács Z, Gáll Z. Iodothyronine Deiodinase 3 Gene Expression in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Pilot Study to Contribute to Risk Assessment. Cureus 2024; 16:e67426. [PMID: 39170648 PMCID: PMC11338672 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the realm of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), understanding the molecular landscape and prognostic factors is crucial for effective management. The deiodinase 3 gene (DIO3), known for its role in thyroid hormone regulation and cell proliferation, has emerged as a potential player in GIST pathogenesis. Our study investigated DIO3 expression in GIST samples and its correlation with tumor characteristics, aiming to enhance prognostic stratification and personalized treatment strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a retrospective design, we analyzed data and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of patients diagnosed with GIST. The study cohort comprised 33 patients, predominantly female, with a median age of 66 years. The tumor characteristics were meticulously documented, including location, size, mitotic count, risk classification, and immunohistochemical markers. Gene expression analysis of DIO3 was conducted using FFPE samples, with a focus on relative quantification and association with immunohistochemical markers and prognostic risk. RESULTS DIO3 overexpression was observed in 69.70% of tumors, while underexpression was noted in 30.30% of cases. Association analyses revealed intriguing insights. A notable association was identified between DIO3 expression and the frequency of DOG1, suggesting a potential interplay between these markers in GIST pathobiology. Furthermore, increased DIO3 expression was significantly higher in very low/low-risk prognostic patients, hinting at a possible link between DIO3 levels and tumor progression prognosis. CONCLUSIONS The intricate interplay between DIO3 expression and GIST characteristics uncovered in this study underscores the potential of molecular markers in refining prognostic assessments and therapeutic strategies for GIST patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Kolcsár
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
- Department of Endocrinology, Târgu Mureş County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| | - Ivett-Adrienn Zeces
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| | - Attila Kövecsi
- Department of Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Targu Mures, ROU
- Department of Pathology, Târgu Mureş County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| | - Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
- Department of Pathology, Research Center of Oncopathology and Translational Research, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| | - Zsolt Gáll
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, ROU
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu L, Luo P, Wen P, Xu P. Effects of selenium and iodine on Kashin-Beck disease: an updated review. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1402559. [PMID: 38757132 PMCID: PMC11096467 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1402559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endochondral osteogenesis disorder characterised by epiphysis damage and secondary deformable arthropathy induced by multiple external factors, among which selenium (Se) and iodine deficiency are important influencing factors. Iodine deficiency is usually accompanied by a low Se content in the soil in the KBD areas of China. Se can reverse oxidative damage to chondrocytes. In addition, Se is related to the bone conversion rate and bone mineral density. Low Se will hinder growth and change bone metabolism, resulting in a decrease in the bone conversion rate and bone mineral density. Thyroid hormone imbalance caused by thyroid dysfunction caused by iodine deficiency can damage bone homeostasis. Compared with Se deficiency alone, Se combined with iodine deficiency can reduce the activity of glutathione peroxidase more effectively, which increases the vulnerability of chondrocytes and other target cells to oxidative stress, resulting in chondrocyte death. Clinical studies have shown that supplementation with Se and iodine is helpful for the prevention and treatment of KBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng JL, Zhang LW, Liang WJ, You Z, Chen JH, Chen LC, Lin KY, Guo Y. Predictive value of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio on contrast-associated acute kidney injury and poor prognosis in euthyroid patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04039-z. [PMID: 38578391 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to explore the predictive value of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio (FT3/FT4) on contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) and poor prognosis in euthyroid patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS The present study included 3,116 euthyroid patients who underwent elective PCI. The main outcome was CA-AKI, and the secondary outcome was long-term mortality. All patients were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of FT3/FT4 levels. RESULTS During hospitalization, a total of 160 cases (5.1%) of CA-AKI occurred. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis indicated a linear and negative relationship between FT3/FT4 and CA-AKI risk (P for nonlinearity = 0.2621). Besides, the fully-adjusted logistic regression model revealed that patients in tertile 3 (low FT3/FT4 group) had 1.82 times [odds ratio (OR): 1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-3.02, P = 0.016] as high as the risk of CA-AKI than those in tertile 1 (high FT3/FT4 group). Similarly, patients in tertile 3 were observed to have a higher incidence of long-term mortality [fully-adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.58, 95% CI: 1.07-2.32, P = 0.021]. Similarly, the Kaplan-Meier curves displayed significant differences in long-term mortality among the three groups (log-rank test, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In euthyroid patients undergoing elective PCI, low levels of FT3/FT4 were independently associated with an increased risk of CA-AKI and long-term mortality. Routine evaluation of FT3/FT4 may aid in risk stratification and guide treatment decisions within this particular patient group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lang Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jia Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhebin You
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun-Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li-Chuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kai-Yang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yansong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Dongjie Street 134, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China.
- Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao H, Li Z, Cheng C, Cui J, Peng J, Wang X, Zhang M, Hou Y, Bai G. Fuziline Ameliorates Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by Activating Beta Adrenergic Receptors to Stimulate Thermogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8362. [PMID: 37176069 PMCID: PMC10179377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix aconiti carmichaeli is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine that has been found to be effective in treating cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Patients with these diseases often experience a heat generation disorder, which is characterized by chilliness and can worsen the progression of the disease. This study established an in vitro screening model combining the examination of cellular mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial temperature to screen drugs with thermogenic activity. After differentiation and determination of the content of characteristic metabolites of the drug-containing serum blood components, it was found that Fuziline (FZL) is the key thermogenic property in Radix aconiti carmichaeli, responsible for its thermogenic effects with a high relative importance of 33%. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the thermogenic activity of Radix aconiti carmichaeli and FZL in vivo by assessing temperature changes in various organs, including the rectum, liver, and brown adipose tissue. Moreover, the effects of intracellular β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonistic effects were evaluated using transient β3-AR transfection and dual-luciferase assay systems. The molecular mechanism by which FZL promotes thermogenesis and improves mitochondrial function was investigated by verifying the β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) downstream signaling pathway. The results suggest that FZL activates β-AR nonselectively, which in turn activates the downstream cAMP-PKA signaling pathway and leads to an increase in liver glycogenolysis and triglyceride hydrolysis, accompanied by enhancing mitochondrial energy metabolism. Consequently, the liver and brown adipose tissue receive energy to generate heat. In summary, these findings provide insight into the therapeutic application of Radix aconiti carmichaeli for metabolic disorders associated with heat generation disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Zhenqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Chuanjing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Jing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Jiamin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Choy ES, Elliott KH, Esparza I, Patterson A, Letcher RJ, Fernie KJ. Potential disruption of thyroid hormones by perfluoroalkyl acids in an Arctic seabird during reproduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119181. [PMID: 35378199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arctic marine ecosystems are experiencing rapid change, such as ocean warming and enhanced pollutants. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) arriving via long-range transport have been detected in Arctic wildlife, including seabirds which are considered sentinels of marine ecosystem health. There is evidence that PFAA exposure leads to the disruption of thyroid hormones (THs), such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which play important roles in metabolism, incubation, and thermoregulation in seabirds. Here, we investigated relationships between PFAAs and THs [total T4 (TT4), free T4 (FT4), total T3 (TT3) and free T3 (FT3)] in blood plasma collected from 63 thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) at a colony located in northern Hudson Bay (2016-2018). We then tested if PFAAs and TH levels were related to fitness-associated reproductive traits, such as body mass and hatch dates. PFUdA, PFOS, and PFTrDA were the dominant PFAAs in murre blood, accounting for approximately 77% of ∑PFAA. Females had higher PFAAs than males, possibly due to higher trophic feeding. While FT3 increased with PFOS, PFNA, PFDA, PFDoA, PFTeDA, ∑PFCA7, and ∑PFAA in murres, TT3 decreased with PFOS, PFDoA, and PFTeDA in males, but not females, suggesting thyroid disruption. TT3 increased with body mass, whereas several long-chain PFAAs were negatively correlated with body mass. Negative relationships between PFNA, PFDoA, PFTrDA, PFTeDA, and ∑PFAA with hatch dates may be the result of a disruption in incubation behaviour, resulting in earlier hatch dates. Consequently, TT3 concentrations were highest in males and females in 2018, a year in which PFAAs were lowest and hatch dates were delayed relative to 2017. As an Arctic seabird experiencing several indirect effects of climate change, the interaction of PFAAs on thyroid activity may cause additional stress to murres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Choy
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Kyle H Elliott
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Ilse Esparza
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Allison Patterson
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Kim J Fernie
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada; Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frias-Soler RC, Kelsey NA, Villarín Pildaín L, Wink M, Bairlein F. Transcriptome signature changes in the liver of a migratory passerine. Genomics 2022; 114:110283. [PMID: 35143886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a principal role in avian migration. Here, we characterised the liver transcriptome of a long-distance migrant, the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), sampled at different migratory stages, looking for molecular processes linked with adaptations to migration. The analysis of the differentially expressed genes suggested changes in the periods of the circadian rhythm, variation in the proportion of cells in G1/S cell-cycle stages and the putative polyploidization of this cell population. This may explain the dramatic increment in the liver's metabolic capacities towards migration. Additionally, genes involved in anti-oxidative stress, detoxification and innate immune responses, lipid metabolism, inflammation and angiogenesis were regulated. Lipophagy and lipid catabolism were active at all migratory stages and increased towards the fattening and fat periods, explaining the relevance of lipolysis in controlling steatosis and maintaining liver health. Our study clears the way for future functional studies regarding long-distance avian migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Carlos Frias-Soler
- Institute of Avian Research, An der Vogelwarte 21, 26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Natalie A Kelsey
- Institute of Avian Research, An der Vogelwarte 21, 26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
| | - Lilian Villarín Pildaín
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Franz Bairlein
- Institute of Avian Research, An der Vogelwarte 21, 26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Am Obstberg 1, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shi Q, Wu M, Chen P, Wei B, Tan H, Huang P, Chang S. Criminal of Adverse Pregnant Outcomes: A Perspective From Thyroid Hormone Disturbance Caused by SARS-CoV-2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:791654. [PMID: 35047419 PMCID: PMC8761741 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.791654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, emerging evidence has shown adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, preeclampsia, cesarean, and perinatal death, occurring in pregnant women after getting infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Thyroid hormone disturbance has been unveiled consistently in various studies. As commonly known, thyroid hormone is vital for promoting pregnancy and optimal fetal growth and development. Even mild thyroid dysfunction can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes. We explored and summarized possible mechanisms of thyroid hormone abnormality in pregnant women after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and made a scientific thypothesis that adverse pregnancy outcomes can be the result of thyroid hormone disorder during COVID-19. In which case, we accentuate the importance of thyroid hormone surveillance for COVID-19-infected pregnant women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiman Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hailong Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Thyroid Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Thyroid and Related Diseases Treatment Technology, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang K, Zhang D, Cao G, Wang C, Wang L, Zhao R, He Q, Hou X, Gong L, Chen L. A Low Free T3 to Free T4 Ratio Is Associated with Sarcopenia in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:2305156. [PMID: 36034587 PMCID: PMC9402295 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2305156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research evaluated the link between normal thyroid hormone levels and sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 312 euthyroid patients with T2DM from Qilu Hospital of the Shandong University, China. Body composition, grip strength, and physical performance were assessed as per the 2019 consensus guidelines of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the correlation between thyroid hormone levels and sarcopenia and its components. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 26.9%. Following adjustments for potential confounders, a high-normal serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) level (odds ratio (OR) = 0.522, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.304-0.895, P = 0.018), a low-normal serum free thyroxine (FT4) level (OR = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.009-1.258, P = 0.034), and a heightened FT3/FT4 ratio (OR = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.879-0.969, P = 0.001) were linked to a low prevalence of sarcopenia. Considering the components of sarcopenia, FT3 concentration was positively associated with muscle strength (OR = 0.525, 95% CI: 0.305-0.902, P = 0.020) and physical performance (OR = 0.443, 95% CI: 0.259-0.758, P = 0.003), while FT4 concentration was negatively linked to muscle mass (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.009-1.232, P = 0.036). The FT3/FT4 ratio was positively linked to muscle mass (OR = 0.943, 95% CI: 0.905-0.981, P = 0.006), muscle strength (OR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.901-0.992, P = 0.021), and physical performance (OR = 0.934, 95% CI: 0.894-0.975, P = 0.002). Nevertheless, thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration was not associated with sarcopenia. CONCLUSION A high FT3/FT4 ratio was significantly linked to a lowered risk of sarcopenia in euthyroid patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guanglei Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ruxing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan 250012, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seale LA, Gilman CL, Zavacki AM, Larsen PR, Inokuchi M, Breves JP, Seale AP. Regulation of thyroid hormones and branchial iodothyronine deiodinases during freshwater acclimation in tilapia. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111450. [PMID: 34506867 PMCID: PMC8551029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Euryhaline fishes are capable of maintaining osmotic homeostasis in a wide range of environmental salinities. Several pleiotropic hormones, including prolactin, growth hormone, and thyroid hormones (THs) are mediators of salinity acclimation. It is unclear, however, the extent to which THs and the pituitary-thyroid axis promote the adaptive responses of key osmoregulatory organs to freshwater (FW) environments. In the current study, we characterized circulating thyroxine (T4) and 3-3'-5-triiodothyronine (T3) levels in parallel with the outer ring deiodination (ORD) activities of deiodinases (dios) and mRNA expression of dio1, dio2, and dio3 in gill during the acclimation of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) to FW. Tilapia transferred from seawater (SW) to FW exhibited reduced plasma T4 and T3 levels at 6 h. These reductions coincided with an increase in branchial dio2-like activity and decreased branchial dio1 gene expression. To assess whether dios respond to osmotic conditions and/or systemic signals, gill filaments were exposed to osmolalities ranging from 280 to 450 mOsm/kg in an in vitro incubation system. Gene expression of branchial dio1, dio2, and dio3 was not directly affected by extracellular osmotic conditions. Lastly, we observed that dio1 and dio2 expression was stimulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone in hypophysectomized tilapia, suggesting that branchial TH metabolism is regulated by systemic signals. Our collective findings suggest that THs are involved in the FW acclimation of Mozambique tilapia through their interactions with branchial deiodinases that modulate their activities in a key osmoregulatory organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A Seale
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1933 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Christy L Gilman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Ann Marie Zavacki
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Reed Larsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mayu Inokuchi
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jason P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - Andre P Seale
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Takahashi H, Kashiwagi Y, Nagoshi T, Tanaka Y, Oi Y, Kimura H, Minai K, Yoshimura M. Low triiodothyronine levels correlate with high B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with heart failure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21865. [PMID: 34750462 PMCID: PMC8576007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone metabolism can be closely associated with cardiovascular disorders. We examined the relationship between low triiodothyronine (T3) levels and heart failure status, including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, in 625 patients with cardiovascular disorders who underwent cardiac catheterization. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hemoglobin (Hb) levels, sex (male), free T3 (FT3) levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were significantly negatively associated with the log BNP value, while age was significantly positively associated with the log BNP value (P < 0.001 each). Furthermore, the log BNP and age were significantly negatively associated with the FT3 levels, while the Hb and body mass index (BMI) were significantly positively associated with the FT3 levels (P < 0.001 each). Theoretically constructed structure equation modeling (SEM) revealed an inverse association between FT3 and BNP (β = −0.125, P = 0.002), and the same relationship remained in the patient group with normal-range BNP values (β = −0.198, P = 0.008). We demonstrated a significant relationship between high BNP and low serum FT3 levels, and this relationship remained significant in patients with normal BNP levels. These results indicate that low T3 is associated with high plasma BNP levels rather than worsening of hemodynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Takahashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kashiwagi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Nagoshi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tanaka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuhei Oi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Haruka Kimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kousuke Minai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sabatino L, Federighi G, Del Seppia C, Lapi D, Costagli C, Scuri R, Iervasi G. Thyroid hormone deiodinases response in brain of spontaneausly hypertensive rats after hypotensive effects induced by mandibular extension. Endocrine 2021; 74:100-107. [PMID: 33761105 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The deiodinases activate or inactivate the thyroid hormones (TH) in virtually all tissues in both physiological and pathological conditions. The three deiodinases, DIO1, DIO2, and DIO3, have different catalytic functions and regulate TH tissue distribution. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modulation of gene expression of the deiodinases and TH transporters and protein levels of DIO1 in parietal and frontal areas of cerebral cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), after two successive mandibular extensions (ME). METHODS ME was performed on anesthetized rats by a dilatator appropriately designed and real-time PCR and western blotting techniques were employed for gene expression and protein level study. RESULTS Mean blood pressure (MBP) significantly decreased in 2ME-treated rats when compared to sham-operated rats (p < 0.001) and this decrease lasted for the entire observation period. In gene expression analysis, in 2ME-treated rats we did not observe any significant variation of DIO1 and DIO3 with respect to the sham-operated rats. Differently, DIO2 gene expression significantly increased in frontal area of 2ME-treated rats, with respect to sham-operated rats (p < 0.01). Furthermore, in parietal area, protein levels of DIO1 in 2ME-treated rats were significantly higher than in sham-operated rats (p < 0.01). Moreover MCT8 and OATP1C1 both resulted significantly higher (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001) in sham frontal cortex. CONCLUSION In summary, our data on SHRs, while confirming the hypotensive effect of two MEs, show that the treatment also solicits the three deiodinases production in the cerebral cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Federighi
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Dominga Lapi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Costagli
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Scuri
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mohammed DAE, Ahmed RR, R G A. Maternal LiCl exposure disrupts thyroid-cerebral axis in neonatal albino rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:741-758. [PMID: 34528732 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to elucidate whether maternal lithium chloride (LiCl) exposure disturbs the thyroid-cerebral axis in neonatal albino rats. 50 mg of LiCl/kg b.wt. is orally given for pregnant Wistar rats from gestational day (GD) 1 to lactation day (LD) 28. The maternal administration of LiCl induced follicular dilatation and degeneration, hyperplasia, lumen obliteration and colloid vacuolation in the maternal and neonatal thyroid gland at postnatal days (PNDs) 14, 21 and 28. Neuronal degeneration (spongiform), gliosis, nuclear pyknosis, perivascular oedema, and meningeal hyperaemia were observed in the neonatal cerebral cortex of the maternal LiCl-treated group at examined PNDs. This disturbance appears to depend on intensification in the neonatal cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) levels, and attenuation in the glutathione (GSH), total thiol (t-SH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. In the neonatal cerebrum, the fold change in the relative mRNA expression of deiodinases (DII and DIII) increased significantly at PNDs 21 and 14, respectively, in the maternal LiCl-treated group. These data suggest that maternal LiCl may perturb the thyroid-cerebrum axis generating neonatal neurodevelopmental disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dena A E Mohammed
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha R Ahmed
- Division of Histology and Cytology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R G
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaminski J, Junior CM, Pavesi H, Drobrzenski B, Amaral GMD. Effects of oral versus transdermal estradiol plus micronized progesterone on thyroid hormones, hepatic proteins, lipids, and quality of life in menopausal women with hypothyroidism: a clinical trial. Menopause 2021; 28:1044-1052. [PMID: 34183565 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of usual doses of oral estradiol with transdermal estradiol and the effects of these estrogens plus micronized progesterone (MP) in menopausal women with primary hypothyroidism. METHODS Twenty women were randomized to 12 weeks of treatment with estradiol 1 mg tablets or estradiol 1 mg gel. Then, women with a uterus received a 100 mg capsule of oral MP. Thyroid function, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lipid profiles, and quality of life were measured at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks. RESULTS Oral estradiol led to an increase in total T4 levels (5.84 ± 1.11 vs 8.41 ± 1.61 μg/dL; P < 0.001); changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were clinically important in 3 of 10 participants who needed to increase their dose of levothyroxine. Significant changes were detected in hepatic proteins with oral estradiol: TBG and SHBG levels increased (15.29 ± 3.87 vs 20.84 ± 5.49 μg/mL, P < 0.001; 61.85 ± 33.6 vs 121.4 ± 49.36 nmol/L, P < 0.001; respectively), whereas IGF-1 levels decreased (152 ± 38.91 vs 96 ± 17.59 ng/mL; P < 0.001). Transdermal estradiol alone did not significantly affect the thyroid function. Transdermal estradiol plus MP led to a decrease in TSH levels (1.79 ± 1.05 vs 1.09 ± 0.52 mIU/L; P = 0.04), while total T4 levels increased (7.54 ± 1.34 vs 9.95 ± 2.24 μg/dL; P = 0.01). Hormonal therapy had a greater impact on depressed mood and vasomotor symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Total T4 and TBG levels increase after oral estradiol in women with hypothyroidism and it may cause clinical changes in TSH levels. Conversely, transdermal estradiol alone or plus MP does not cause major changes in thyroid function in these women.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ahmed M, Hassan K, Ahmed H. Case of Resistance to Thyroid Hormones With a Relatively Rare Mutation in Thyroid Hormones Receptor. Cureus 2021; 13:e14911. [PMID: 34113521 PMCID: PMC8184159 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal thyroid hormone level is essential to maintain the normal physiologic function of the human body. Disturbances of these hormone levels have variable clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness. Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a syndrome characterized by reduced intracellular action of T3, the active thyroid hormone. It is a rare autosomal dominant condition and occurs mostly due to heterogeneous mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor. Other causes of RTH include thyroid hormone cell membrane transport defect and thyroid hormone metabolism defect. Affected individuals present with symptoms of both increased and decreased thyroid hormone action, depending on the tissue’s predominant receptor isoform expression, the magnitude of hormonal resistance, and the effectiveness of compensatory mechanisms. Here, we share our experience in diagnosing a case of RTH confirmed with a genetic test and found to have sequence variant mutation that is not well described in the literature previously due to the absence of genetic conclusive evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Ahmed
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | - Khalid Hassan
- Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | - Hind Ahmed
- Department of Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Seale LA, Ogawa-Wong AN, Watanabe LM, Khadka VS, Menor M, Torres DJ, Carlson BA, Hatfield DL, Berry MJ. Adaptive Thermogenesis in a Mouse Model Lacking Selenoprotein Biosynthesis in Brown Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E611. [PMID: 33435397 PMCID: PMC7827413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a class of proteins with the selenium-containing amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) in their primary structure. Sec is incorporated into selenoproteins via recoding of the stop codon UGA, with specific cis and trans factors required during translation to avoid UGA recognition as a stop codon, including a Sec-specific tRNA, tRNA[Ser]Sec, encoded in mice by the gene Trsp. Whole-body deletion of Trsp in mouse is embryonically lethal, while targeted deletion of Trsp in mice has been used to understand the role of selenoproteins in the health and physiology of various tissues. We developed a mouse model with the targeted deletion of Trsp in brown adipocytes (Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/-), a cell type predominant in brown adipose tissue (BAT) controlling energy expenditure via activation of adaptive thermogenesis, mostly using uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). At room temperature, Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice maintain oxygen consumption and Ucp1 expression, with male Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice accumulating more triglycerides in BAT than both female Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice or Trspf/f controls. Acute cold exposure neither reduced core body temperature nor changed the expression of selenoprotein iodothyronine deiodinase type II (Dio2), a marker of adaptive thermogenesis, in Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice. Microarray analysis of BAT from Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice revealed glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 (Gsta3) and ELMO domain containing 2 (Elmod2) as the transcripts most affected by the loss of Trsp. Male Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre+/- mice showed mild hypothyroidism while downregulating thyroid hormone-responsive genes Thrsp and Tshr in their BATs. In summary, modest changes in the BAT of Trspf/f-Ucp1-Cre +/- mice implicate a mild thyroid hormone dysfunction in brown adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A. Seale
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Ashley N. Ogawa-Wong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Ligia M. Watanabe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Vedbar S. Khadka
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (V.S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Mark Menor
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; (V.S.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniel J. Torres
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (A.N.O.-W.); (L.M.W.); (D.J.T.)
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| | - Bradley A. Carlson
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Dolph L. Hatfield
- Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Mouse Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (B.A.C.); (D.L.H.)
| | - Marla J. Berry
- Pacific Biomedical Research Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
de Oliveira IM, Cavallin MD, Corrêa DEDC, Razera A, Mariano DD, Ferreira F, Romano MA, Marino Romano R. Proteomic Profiles of Thyroid Gland and Gene Expression of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Are Modulated by Exposure to AgNPs during Prepubertal Rat Stages. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2605-2622. [PMID: 32972137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have potent antimicrobial activity and, for this reason, are incorporated into a variety of products, raising concern about their potential risks and impacts on human health and the environment. The developmental period is highly dependent on thyroid hormones (THs), and puberty is a sensitive period, where changes in the hormonal environment may have permanent effects. We evaluated the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP)-thyroid axis after exposure to low doses of AgNPs using a validated protocol to assess pubertal development and thyroid function in immature male rats. For stimulatory events of the HP-thyroid axis, we observed an increase in the expression of Trh mRNA and serum triiodothyronine. Negative feedback reduced the hypothalamic expression of Dio2 mRNA and increased the expression of Thra1, Thra2, and Thrb2 mRNAs. In the pituitary, there was a reduced expression of Mct-8 mRNA and Dio2 mRNA. For peripheral T3-target tissues, a reduced expression of Mct-8 mRNA was observed in the heart and liver. An increased expression of Dio3 mRNA was observed in the heart and liver, and an increased expression of Thrb2 mRNA was observed in the liver. The quantitative proteomic profile of the thyroid gland indicated a reduction in cytoskeletal proteins (Cap1, Cav1, Lasp1, Marcks, and Tpm4; 1.875 μg AgNP/kg) and a reduction in the profile of chaperones (Hsp90aa1, Hsp90ab1, Hspa8, Hspa9, P4hb) and proteins that participate in the N-glycosylation process (Ddost, Rpn1 and Rpn2) (15 μg AgNP/kg). Exposure to low doses of AgNPs during the window of puberty development affects the regulation of the HP-thyroid axis with further consequences in thyroid gland physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Medeiros de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Mônica Degraf Cavallin
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Deborah Elzita do Carmo Corrêa
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Amanda Razera
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Danielle Dobner Mariano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Francine Ferreira
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| | - Renata Marino Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Medicine, State University of Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Rua Simeão Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, 85040-080 Parana, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao Z, Kim J, Lei XG. High Dietary Fat and Selenium Concentrations Exert Tissue- and Glutathione Peroxidase 1-Dependent Impacts on Lipid Metabolism of Young-Adult Mice. J Nutr 2020; 150:1738-1748. [PMID: 32386229 PMCID: PMC7330460 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive dietary selenium (Se; 3 mg/kg) or fat (>25%) intakes and overproduction of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) adversely affect body lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE The objective was to reveal impacts and mechanisms of a moderately high Se and a high fat intake on lipid metabolism in Gpx1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. METHODS The KO and WT mice (males, 12-wk-old, body weight = 24.8 ± 0.703 g) were allotted to 4 groups each (n = 5) and fed a sucrose-torula yeast basal diet (5% corn oil) supplemented with 0.3 or 1.0 mg (+Se) Se/kg (as sodium selenite) and 0% or 25% [high-fat (HF)] lard for 6 wk. Multiple physiological and molecular biomarkers (68) related to lipid metabolism and selenogenome expression in plasma, liver, and/or adipose tissue were analyzed by 2-way (+Se by HF) ANOVA. RESULTS Compared with the control diet, the +Se diet decreased (P < 0.05) body-weight gain and plasma and liver concentrations of lipids (22-66%) but elevated (≤1.5-fold, P < 0.05) adipose tissue concentrations of lipids in the WT mice. The +Se diet up- and downregulated (P < 0.05) mRNA and/or protein concentrations of factors related to lipogenesis, selenogenome, and transcription, stress, and cell cycle in the liver (26% to 176-fold) and adipose tissues (14% to 1-fold), respectively, compared with the control diet in the WT mice. Many of these +Se diet effects were different (P < 0.05) from those of the HF diet and were eliminated or altered (P < 0.05) by the KO. CONCLUSIONS The +Se and HF diets exerted tissue-specific and GPX1 expression-dependent impacts on lipid metabolism and related gene expression in the young-adult mice. Our findings will help reveal metabolic potential and underlying mechanisms of supplementing moderately high Se to subjects with HF intakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jonggun Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Importance of Thyroid Hormone level and Genetic Variations in Deiodinases for Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Longitudinal Observational Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9169. [PMID: 32514186 PMCID: PMC7280282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the influence of thyroid hormone (TH) levels and genetic polymorphisms of deiodinases on long-term outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In total, 290 patients who have experienced AMI were evaluated for demographic, clinical characteristics, risk factors, TH and NT-pro-BNP. Polymorphisms of TH related genes were included deiodinase 1 (DIO1) (rs11206244-C/T, rs12095080-A/G, rs2235544-A/C), deiodinase 2 (DIO2) (rs225015-G/A, rs225014-T/C) and deiodinase 3 (DIO3) (rs945006-T/G). Both all-cause and cardiac mortality was considered key outcomes. Cox regression model showed that NT-pro-BNP (HR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.18– 3.78; p = 0.012), the first quartile of fT3, and DIO1 gene rs12095080 were independent predictors of cardiac-related mortality (HR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.04–2.91; p = 0.034). The DIO1 gene rs12095080 AG genotype (OR = 3.97; 95% CI = 1.45–10.89; p = 0.005) increased the risk for cardiac mortality. Lower fT3 levels and the DIO1 gene rs12095080 are both associated with cardiac-related mortality after AMI.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dolgova NV, Nehzati S, MacDonald TC, Summers KL, Crawford AM, Krone PH, George GN, Pickering IJ. Disruption of selenium transport and function is a major contributor to mercury toxicity in zebrafish larvae. Metallomics 2020; 11:621-631. [PMID: 30688331 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00315g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most toxic elements threatening the biosphere, with levels steadily rising due to both natural and human activities. Selenium is an essential micronutrient, required for normal development and functioning of many organisms. While selenium is known to counteract mercury's toxicity under some conditions, to date information about the mercury-selenium relationship is fragmented and often controversial. As part of a systematic study of mercury and selenium interactions, zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae (a model verterbrate) were exposed to methylmercury chloride or mercuric chloride. The influence of pre- and post-treatment of selenomethionine on the level and distribution of mercury and selenium in the brain and eye sections, as well as on toxicity, were examined. Selenomethionine treatment decreased the amount of maternally transfered mercury in the larval brain. Selenomethionine treatment prior to exposure to mercuric chloride increased both mercury and selenium levels in the brain but decreased their toxic effects. Conversely, methylmercury levels were not changed as a result of selenium pre-treatment, while toxicity was increased. Strikingly, both forms of mercury severely disrupted selenium metabolism, not only by depleting selenium levels due to formation of Hg-Se complexes, but also by blocking selenium transport into and out of tissues, suggesting that restoring normal selenium levels by treating the organism with selenium after mercury exposure may not be possible. Disruption of selenium metabolism by mercury may lead to disruption in function of selenoproteins. Indeed, the production of thyroid hormones by selenoprotein deiodinases was found to be severely impaired as a result of mercury exposure, with selenomethionine not always being a suitable source of selenium to restore thyroid hormone levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environment Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hofstee P, Cuffe JS, Perkins AV. Analysis of Selenoprotein Expression in Response to Dietary Selenium Deficiency During Pregnancy Indicates Tissue Specific Differential Expression in Mothers and Sex Specific Changes in the Fetus and Offspring. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062210. [PMID: 32210049 PMCID: PMC7139809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human selenoproteome is comprised of ~25 genes, which incorporate selenium, in the form of selenocysteine, into their structure. Since it is well known that selenium is important to maternal health and foetal development during pregnancy, this study aimed at defining the impact of selenium deficiency on maternal, placental, foetal and offspring selenoprotein gene expression. Female C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to control (>190 μg/kg) or low selenium (<50 μg/kg) diets four weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation. At embryonic day (E)18.5, pregnant mice were sacrificed followed by collection of maternal and foetal tissues. A subset of mice littered down, and offspring were monitored from postnatal day (PN) 8, weaned at PN24 and sacrificed at PN180, followed by tissue collection. Following RNA extraction, the expression of 14 selenoproteins was assessed with qPCR in liver, kidneys, muscle and placenta. Selenium deficiency downregulated expression (Ptrt < 0.05) of many selenoproteins in maternal tissues and the placenta. However, foetal selenoprotein expression was upregulated (Ptrt < 0.05) in all tissues, especially the kidneys. This was not reflected at PN180; however, a sexually dimorphic relationship in selenoprotein expression was observed in offspring. This study demonstrates the selenoproteome is sensitive to dietary selenium levels, which may be exacerbated by pregnancy. We concluded that transcriptional regulation of selenoproteins is complex and multifaceted, with expression exhibiting tissue-, age- and sex-specificities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hofstee
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold, Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - James S.M. Cuffe
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.S.M.C.); (A.V.P.); Tel.: +61-755529774 (A.V.P.)
| | - Anthony V. Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold, Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
- Correspondence: (J.S.M.C.); (A.V.P.); Tel.: +61-755529774 (A.V.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Silvestrini A, Mordente A, Martino G, Bruno C, Vergani E, Meucci E, Mancini A. The Role of Selenium in Oxidative Stress and in Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS): An Overview. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:423-449. [PMID: 29421998 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180201111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element, nutritionally classified as an essential micronutrient, involved in maintaining the correct function of several enzymes incorporating the selenocysteine residue, namely the selenoproteins. The human selenoproteome including 25 proteins is extensively described here. The most relevant selenoproteins, including glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases and iodothyronine deiodinases are required for the proper cellular redox homeostasis as well as for the correct thyroid function, thus preventing oxidative stress and related diseases. This review summarizes the main advances on oxidative stress with a focus on selenium metabolism and transport. Moreover, thyroid-related disorders are discussed, considering that the thyroid gland contains the highest selenium amount per gram of tissue, also for future possible therapeutic implication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Silvestrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Alvaro Mordente
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Operative Unit of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Carmine Bruno
- Operative Unit of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vergani
- Operative Unit of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meucci
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Operative Unit of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Largo A. Gemelli 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Maternal Selenium Deficiency in Mice Alters Offspring Glucose Metabolism and Thyroid Status in a Sexually Dimorphic Manner. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010267. [PMID: 31968625 PMCID: PMC7020085 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient commonly deficient in human populations. Selenium deficiency increases the risks of pregnancy complications; however, the long-term impact of selenium deficiency on offspring disease remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of selenium deficiency during pregnancy on offspring metabolic function. Female C57BL/6 mice were allocated to control (>190 μg selenium/kg, n = 8) or low selenium (<50 μg selenium/kg, n = 8) diets prior to mating and throughout gestation. At postnatal day (PN) 170, mice underwent an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and were culled at PN180 for biochemical analysis. Mice exposed to selenium deficiency in utero had reduced fasting blood glucose but increased postprandial blood glucose concentrations. Male offspring from selenium-deficient litters had increased plasma insulin levels in conjunction with reduced plasma thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine or T4) concentrations. Conversely, females exposed to selenium deficiency in utero exhibited increased plasma thyroxine levels with no change in plasma insulin. This study demonstrates the importance of adequate selenium intake around pregnancy for offspring metabolic health. Given the increasing prevalence of metabolic disease, this study highlights the need for appropriate micronutrient intake during pregnancy to ensure a healthy start to life.
Collapse
|
23
|
Ha HY, Alfulaij N, Berry MJ, Seale LA. From Selenium Absorption to Selenoprotein Degradation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 192:26-37. [PMID: 31222623 PMCID: PMC6801053 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential dietary micronutrient. Ingested selenium is absorbed by the intestines and transported to the liver where it is mostly metabolized to selenocysteine (Sec). Sec is then incorporated into selenoproteins, including selenoprotein P (SELENOP), which is secreted into plasma and serves as a source of selenium to other tissues of the body. Herein, we provide an overview of the biology of selenium from its absorption and distribution to selenoprotein uptake and degradation, with a particular focus on the latter. Molecular mechanisms of selenoprotein degradation include the lysosome-mediated pathway for SELENOP and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated degradation of selenoproteins via ubiquitin-activated proteasomal pathways. Ubiquitin-activated pathways targeting full-length selenoproteins include the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway and substrate-dependent ubiquitination. An alternate mechanism is utilized for truncated selenoproteins, in which cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase 2 targets the defective proteins for ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. Selenoproteins, particularly SELENOP, may have their Sec residues reutilized for new selenoprotein synthesis via Sec decomposition. This review will explore these aspects in selenium biology, providing insights to knowledge gaps that remain to be uncovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herena Y Ha
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Naghum Alfulaij
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Marla J Berry
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Lucia A Seale
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gu Y, Meng G, Wu H, Zhang Q, Liu L, Bao X, Wang Y, Zhang S, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. Thyroid Function as a Predictor of Handgrip Strength Among Middle-Aged and Older Euthyroid Adults: The TCLSIH Cohort Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20:1236-1241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
25
|
NONGKHLAW SS, SUGANTHI RU, GHOSH J, MALIK PK, AWACHAT VB, KRISHNAMOORTHY P, PAL DT. Antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation status and expression of specific selenoprotein mRNA in Longissimus dorsi muscle of lambs (Ovies aries) supplemented with supranutritional selenium. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i9.93779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is known to play a key role in maintenance of redox status of tissues, immunity, reproduction, thyroid and muscle functions. The present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of supranutritional dietary Se supplementation on antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation and expression of specific selenoprotein mRNA in Longissimus dorsi muscles of growing lambs. Twenty male lambs of 5–6 months of age were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.5 or 4.5 ppm Se-yeast (organic Se) or without Se (control) for 90 days. The antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation of meat during different days of storage and the mRNA expression of GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, TXNRD1, TXNRD3, DIO1, DIO2, DIO3, SEPP1, SEP15 and SEPW1 were studied in Longissimus dorsi muscles of sheep. The results indicated improvement in antioxidant status by supplementation of 1.5 and 4.5 ppm Se, and reduction in meat lipid oxidation status on day 0 without any further reduction after 3 and 7 days of storage in all the Se supplemented lambs. A selective change in expression of GPX2, GPX3, TXNRD1, DIO2, DIO3, SEPP1, SEP15 and SEPW1 mRNA was observed by supranutritional Se while GPX1, TXNRD3, DIO1 and expressions remained unaffected by supplementation. In conclusion, supranutritional Se supplementation in lambs increased antioxidant status, reduced lipid oxidation status with limited effect on oxidative stability of meat during storage and regulated Longissimus dorsi muscle selenoprotein mRNA expression differentially depending on the Se feeding levels. Our results thus provided new insights into the regulation of selenoprotein gene expression by supranutritional levels of dietary Se.
Collapse
|
26
|
Severo JS, Morais JBS, de Freitas TEC, Andrade ALP, Feitosa MM, Fontenelle LC, de Oliveira ARS, Cruz KJC, do Nascimento Marreiro D. The Role of Zinc in Thyroid Hormones Metabolism. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 89:80-88. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Thyroid hormones play an important role in body homeostasis by facilitating metabolism of lipids and glucose, regulating metabolic adaptations, responding to changes in energy intake, and controlling thermogenesis. Proper metabolism and action of these hormones requires the participation of various nutrients. Among them is zinc, whose interaction with thyroid hormones is complex. It is known to regulate both the synthesis and mechanism of action of these hormones. In the present review, we aim to shed light on the regulatory effects of zinc on thyroid hormones. Scientific evidence shows that zinc plays a key role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, specifically by regulating deiodinases enzymes activity, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) synthesis, as well as by modulating the structures of essential transcription factors involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Serum concentrations of zinc also appear to influence the levels of serum T3, T4 and TSH. In addition, studies have shown that Zinc transporters (ZnTs) are present in the hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid, but their functions remain unknown. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the roles of zinc in regulation of thyroid hormones metabolism, and their importance in the treatment of several diseases associated with thyroid gland dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Soares Severo
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Letícia Pereira Andrade
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Mayara Monte Feitosa
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Larissa Cristina Fontenelle
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Qian B, Wang C, Zhao C, Jiang R, Song J. Effects of maternal exposure to BDE209 on neuronal development and transcription of iodothyronine deiodinase in offspring mice. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:569-579. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1624906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengqiang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Colleges and University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- Guangxi Colleges and University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongjuan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiale Song
- Guangxi Colleges and University Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Adipose Tissue-Derived Signatures for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipokines, Batokines and MicroRNAs. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060854. [PMID: 31208019 PMCID: PMC6617388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Obesity is one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is closely related to metabolic disturbances in the adipose tissue that primarily functions as a fat reservoir. For this reason, adipose tissue is considered as the primary site for initiation and aggravation of obesity and T2DM. As a key endocrine organ, the adipose tissue communicates with other organs, such as the brain, liver, muscle, and pancreas, for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Two different types of adipose tissues-the white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT)-secrete bioactive peptides and proteins, known as "adipokines" and "batokines," respectively. Some of them have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects, while others have harmful inflammatory effects. Recently, "exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)" were identified as novel adipokines, as adipose tissue-derived exosomal miRNAs can affect other organs. In the present review, we discuss the role of adipose-derived secretory factors-adipokines, batokines, and exosomal miRNA-in obesity and T2DM. It will provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in disturbances of adipose-derived factors and will support the development of adipose-derived factors as potential therapeutic targets for obesity and T2DM.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
In humans, the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are synthesized in the thyroid gland in a process that crucially involves the iodoglycoprotein thyroglobulin. The overall structure of thyroglobulin is conserved in all vertebrates. Upon thyroglobulin delivery from thyrocytes to the follicular lumen of the thyroid gland via the secretory pathway, multiple tyrosine residues can become iodinated to form mono-iodotyrosine (MIT) and/or di-iodotyrosine (DIT); however, selective tyrosine residues lead to preferential formation of T4 and T3 at distinct sites. T4 formation involves oxidative coupling between two DIT side chains, and de novo T3 formation involves coupling between an MIT donor and a DIT acceptor. Thyroid hormone synthesis is stimulated by TSH activating its receptor (TSHR), which upregulates the activity of many thyroid gene products involved in hormonogenesis. Additionally, TSH regulates post-translational changes in thyroglobulin that selectively enhance its capacity for T3 formation - this process is important in iodide deficiency and in Graves disease. 167 different mutations, many of which are newly discovered, are now known to exist in TG (encoding human thyroglobulin) that can lead to defective thyroid hormone synthesis, resulting in congenital hypothyroidism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cintia E Citterio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor M Targovnik
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología/Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Manka P, Coombes JD, Boosman R, Gauthier K, Papa S, Syn WK. Thyroid hormone in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma and its microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2019; 419:175-186. [PMID: 29414304 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly arises from a liver damaged by extensive inflammation and fibrosis. Various factors including cytokines, morphogens, and growth factors are involved in the crosstalk between HCC cells and the stromal microenvironment. Increasing our understanding of how stromal components interact with HCC and the signaling pathways involved could help identify new therapeutic and/or chemopreventive targets. It has become increasingly clear that the cross-talk between tumor cells and host stroma plays a key role in modulating tumor growth. Emerging reports suggest a relationship between HCC and thyroid hormone signaling (dysfunction), raising the possibility that perturbed thyroid hormone (TH) regulation influences the cancer microenvironment and cancer phenotype. This review provides an overview of the role of thyroid hormone and its related pathways in HCC and, specifically, its role in regulating the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Manka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (SC), USA.
| | - J D Coombes
- Regeneration and Repair, Institute of Hepatology, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Boosman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K Gauthier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - S Papa
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - W K Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (SC), USA; Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Charleston (SC), USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shpakov AO. Molecular Mechanisms of the Relationship between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Diabetes Mellitus. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093018040014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Brozaitiene J, Skiriute D, Burkauskas J, Podlipskyte A, Jankauskiene E, Serretti A, Mickuviene N. Deiodinases, Organic Anion Transporter Polypeptide Polymorphisms, and Thyroid Hormones in Patients with Myocardial Infarction. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:270-278. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julija Brozaitiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Daina Skiriute
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurooncology, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Podlipskyte
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Edita Jankauskiene
- Department of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Narseta Mickuviene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Thyroid hormone is a major determinant of tissue functions in vivo. The deiodinase family controls the tissue-specific activation or inactivation of intracellular thyroid hormones. Precise control of the T3-dependent transcriptional program is required by multiple cell systems, including the stem cell. In this context, the identification of a close connection between thyroid hormones and different signal pathways involved in the control of stem cell functions suggested that the deiodinases may play a role in the definition of stem cell biology and physiology. Stem cells have an unlimited self-renewal capacity and the potential to differentiate into different types of mature cells. Deciphering how all these events are achieved, how the T3 signal is controlled and integrated in stem cells and their niches, and how it can impact on them is essentially unknown and represents a challenge for coming years. In this review, I will explore the role played by the deiodinases in the modulation of the TH signal in stem cells of adult tissues, namely muscle and intestine, and how their actions control the delicate balance among self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms presiding thyroid hormone action in stem cells may reveal therapeutic potential, for example in the fields of regenerative diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Salvatore
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
MKK6 controls T3-mediated browning of white adipose tissue. Nat Commun 2017; 8:856. [PMID: 29021624 PMCID: PMC5636784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissue to enhance organismal energy expenditure is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to combat obesity. Here, we report that expression of the p38 MAPK activator MKK6 is elevated in white adipose tissue of obese individuals. Using knockout animals and shRNA, we show that Mkk6 deletion increases energy expenditure and thermogenic capacity of white adipose tissue, protecting mice against diet-induced obesity and the development of diabetes. Deletion of Mkk6 increases T3-stimulated UCP1 expression in adipocytes, thereby increasing their thermogenic capacity. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that, in white adipose tissue, p38 is activated by an alternative pathway involving AMPK, TAK, and TAB. Our results identify MKK6 in adipocytes as a potential therapeutic target to reduce obesity. Brown and beige adipose tissues dissipate heat via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Here the authors show that the stress activated kinase MKK6 acts as a repressor of UCP1 expression, suggesting that its inhibition promotes adipose tissue browning and increases organismal energy expenditure.
Collapse
|
35
|
Bos MM, Smit RAJ, Trompet S, van Heemst D, Noordam R. Thyroid Signaling, Insulin Resistance, and 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:1960-1970. [PMID: 28323940 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Context Increasing evidence suggests an association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and deiodinases with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Objective We examined whether TSH and fT4 levels and deiodinases are causally associated with insulin resistance and T2D, using Mendelian randomization. Methods We selected 20 genetic variants for TSH level and four for fT4 level (identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of European-ancestry cohorts) as instrumental variables for TSH and fT4 levels, respectively. We used summary data from GWASs on the outcomes T2D [Diabetes, Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM), n = 12,171 cases and n = 56,862 control subjects] and glycemic traits in patients without diabetes [Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-Related Traits Consortium (MAGIC), n = 46,186 for fasting glucose and insulin and n = 46,368 for hemoglobin A1c]. To examine whether the associations between TSH/fT4 levels and the study outcomes were causal, we combined the effects of the genetic instruments. Furthermore, we examined the associations among 16 variants in DIO1, DIO2, DIO3, and T2D and glycemic traits. Results We found no evidence for an association between the combined genetic instrumental variables for TSH and fT4 and the study outcomes. For example, we did not observe a genetically determined association between high TSH level and T2D (odds ratio, 0.91 per standard deviation TSH increase; 95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 1.07). Selected genetic variants in DIO1 (e.g., rs7527713) were associated with measures of insulin resistance. Conclusion We found no evidence for a causal association between circulatory levels of TSH and fT4 with insulin resistance and T2D, but we found suggestive evidence that DIO1 affects glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime M Bos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roelof A J Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Heindel JJ, Blumberg B, Cave M, Machtinger R, Mantovani A, Mendez MA, Nadal A, Palanza P, Panzica G, Sargis R, Vandenberg LN, Vom Saal F. Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 68:3-33. [PMID: 27760374 PMCID: PMC5365353 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes(T2D), liver lipid disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and changes in diet, exercise and aging. However, there is now considerable evidence that other environmental factors may contribute to the rapid increase in the incidence of these metabolic diseases. This review will examine changes to the incidence of obesity, T2D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the contribution of genetics to these disorders and describe the role of the endocrine system in these metabolic disorders. It will then specifically focus on the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the etiology of obesity, T2D and NAFLD while finally integrating the information on EDCs on multiple metabolic disorders that could lead to metabolic syndrome. We will specifically examine evidence linking EDC exposures during critical periods of development with metabolic diseases that manifest later in life and across generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Extramural Research and Training Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- University of California, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Irvine CA, USA
| | - Mathew Cave
- University of Louisville, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Louisville KY, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle A Mendez
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Angel Nadal
- Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paola Palanza
- University of Parma, Department of Neurosciences, Parma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- University of Turin, Department of Neuroscience and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy
| | - Robert Sargis
- University of Chicago, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- University of Missouri, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Varlamova EG, Cheremushkina IV. Contribution of mammalian selenocysteine-containing proteins to carcinogenesis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 39:76-85. [PMID: 27908428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by a sharp growth of free radicals in the organism is a major cause underlying the occurrence of all kinds of malignant formations. Selenium is an important essential trace element found in selenoproteins in the form of selenocysteine, an amino acid differing from cysteine for the presence of selenium instead of sulfur and making such proteins highly active. To date the role of selenium has been extensively investigated through studying the functions of selenoproteins in carcinogenesis. Analysis of the obtained results clearly demonstrates that selenoproteins can act as oncosuppressors, but can also, on the contrary, favor the formation of malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gennadyevna Varlamova
- Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Institutskaya st. 3, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Irina Valentinovna Cheremushkina
- Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, Prospect revolution st. 19, 394000, Voronezh, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The hypermetabolic effects of thyroid hormones (THs), the major endocrine regulators of metabolic rate, are widely recognized. Although, the cellular mechanisms underlying these effects have been extensively investigated, much has yet to be learned about how TH regulates diverse cellular functions. THs have a profound impact on mitochondria, the organelles responsible for the majority of cellular energy production, and several studies have been devoted to understand the respective importance of the nuclear and mitochondrial pathways for organelle activity. During the last decades, several new aspects of both THs (i.e., metabolism, transport, mechanisms of action, and the existence of metabolically active TH derivatives) and mitochondria (i.e., dynamics, respiratory chain organization in supercomplexes, and the discovery of uncoupling proteins other than uncoupling protein 1) have emerged, thus opening new perspectives to the investigation of the complex relationship between thyroid and the mitochondrial compartment. In this review, in the light of an historical background, we attempt to point out the present findings regarding thyroid physiology and the emerging recognition that mitochondrial dynamics as well as the arrangement of the electron transport chain in mitochondrial cristae contribute to the mitochondrial activity. We unravel the genomic and nongenomic mechanisms so far studied as well as the effects of THs on mitochondrial energetics and, principally, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation via various mechanisms involving uncoupling proteins. The emergence of new approaches to the question as to what extent and how the action of TH can affect mitochondria is highlighted. © 2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:1591-1607, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is used to protect a wide range of electrical and electronic equipment, consumer electronics and office and communication equipment from catching fire. TBBPA reacts covalently with other monomers becoming an integral part of the cross-linked molecular structure. This study was conducted to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of TBBPA administered by gavage daily for 13 weeks at 0, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day in male and female CD® rats. A 6-week post-treatment control and 1000 mg/kg/day recovery groups were included. TBBPA exerted no marked effect on the rate of mortality, clinical signs, body or organ weights, feed consumption, histopathology, urinalysis, ophthalmology, and neurological outcomes in a functional observation battery, motor activity, serum thyroid stimulating hormone, serum triiodothyronine, or other serum chemistries. Although differences were observed for bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, the observed alterations were within the normal range and thus were neither biologically or toxicologically meaningful. The single thyroid-related parameter affected by TBBPA was a reduction in serum thyroxine levels, but the decrease was not of sufficient magnitude to induce other more sensitive indicators of thyroid perturbation. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level was at least 1000 mg/kg/day, the highest dose tested. Based on an upper bound aggregate exposure for adults estimated by the European Union, the margin of exposure is approximately 5000, suggesting that, for the endpoints examined in this study, exposure to TBBPA presents a reasonable certainty of no harm.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ortiga-Carvalho TM, Chiamolera MI, Pazos-Moura CC, Wondisford FE. Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis. Compr Physiol 2016; 6:1387-428. [PMID: 27347897 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c150027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis determines the set point of thyroid hormone (TH) production. Hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the synthesis and secretion of pituitary thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH), which acts at the thyroid to stimulate all steps of TH biosynthesis and secretion. The THs thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) control the secretion of TRH and TSH by negative feedback to maintain physiological levels of the main hormones of the HPT axis. Reduction of circulating TH levels due to primary thyroid failure results in increased TRH and TSH production, whereas the opposite occurs when circulating THs are in excess. Other neural, humoral, and local factors modulate the HPT axis and, in specific situations, determine alterations in the physiological function of the axis. The roles of THs are vital to nervous system development, linear growth, energetic metabolism, and thermogenesis. THs also regulate the hepatic metabolism of nutrients, fluid balance and the cardiovascular system. In cells, TH actions are mediated mainly by nuclear TH receptors (210), which modify gene expression. T3 is the preferred ligand of THR, whereas T4, the serum concentration of which is 100-fold higher than that of T3, undergoes extra-thyroidal conversion to T3. This conversion is catalyzed by 5'-deiodinases (D1 and D2), which are TH-activating enzymes. T4 can also be inactivated by conversion to reverse T3, which has very low affinity for THR, by 5-deiodinase (D3). The regulation of deiodinases, particularly D2, and TH transporters at the cell membrane control T3 availability, which is fundamental for TH action. © 2016 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 6:1387-1428, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania M Ortiga-Carvalho
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria I Chiamolera
- Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen C Pazos-Moura
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fredic E Wondisford
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tang Y, Yu M, Lian X. Resistance to thyroid hormone α, revelation of basic study to clinical consequences. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016; 29:511-22. [PMID: 26812777 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the past 3 years, 15 patients with resistance to thyroid hormone α (RTHα), nine THRA gene mutations have been reported, reforming classification of RTH. RTHα exhibits distinguished clinical manifestations from RTHβ, including growth retardation, skeletal dysplasia, impaired neurodevelopment, cardiovascular dysfunction, constipation and specific thyroid axis type. This review focuses on possible pathogenesis by revelatory basic science of RTHα animal models in vivo, and patients' mutant thyroid hormone receptor α (TRα) in vitro. Clinical manifestations and L-T4 effects are summarized, showing strong correlation to the severity of mutation mostly within the domain which dominated TR interaction with T3 and its corepressors/coactivators. In particular, we propose the diagnosis clues and promising treatment for clinicians.
Collapse
|
42
|
Thyroid Hormones, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6757154. [PMID: 27051079 PMCID: PMC4802023 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6757154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are closely related processes, as well exemplified in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. OS is also related to hormonal derangement in a reciprocal way. Among the various hormonal influences that operate on the antioxidant balance, thyroid hormones play particularly important roles, since both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism have been shown to be associated with OS in animals and humans. In this context, the nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) that typically manifests as reduced conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in different acute and chronic systemic conditions is still a debated topic. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this syndrome are reviewed, together with the roles of deiodinases, the enzymes responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3, in both physiological and pathological situations. The presence of OS indexes in NTIS supports the hypothesis that it represents a condition of hypothyroidism at the tissue level and not only an adaptive mechanism to diseases.
Collapse
|
43
|
Folland WR, Newsted JL, Fitzgerald SD, Fuchsman PC, Bradley PW, Kern J, Kannan K, Zwiernik MJ. Enzyme induction and histopathology elucidate aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated versus non-aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated effects of Aroclor 1268 in American mink (Neovison vison). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:619-634. [PMID: 26267837 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations reported in preferred prey and blubber of bottlenose dolphins from the Turtle-Brunswick River estuary (Georgia, USA) suggest the potential for adverse effects. However, PCBs in Turtle-Brunswick River estuary dolphins are primarily derived from Aroclor 1268, and predicting toxic effects of Aroclor 1268 is uncertain because of the mixture's unique composition and associated physiochemical characteristics. These differences suggest that toxicity benchmarks for other PCB mixtures may not be relevant to dolphins exposed to Aroclor 1268. American mink (Neovison vison) were used as a surrogate model for cetaceans to characterize mechanisms of action associated with Aroclor 1268 exposure. Mink share similarities in phylogeny and life history with cetaceans and are characteristically sensitive to PCBs, making them an attractive surrogate species for marine mammals in ecotoxicity studies. Adult female mink and a subsequent F1 generation were exposed to Aroclor 1268 through diet, and effects on enzyme induction, histopathology, thyroid hormone regulation, hematology, organ weights, and body condition index were compared to a negative control and a 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126)-positive control. Aroclor 1268 dietary exposure concentrations ranged from 1.8 µg/g wet weight to 29 µg/g wet weight. Anemia, hypothyroidism, and hepatomegaly were observed in mink exposed to Aroclor 1268 beyond various dietary thresholds. Cytochrome P450 induction and squamous epithelial proliferation jaw lesions were low in Aroclor 1268 treatments relative to the positive control. Differences in enzyme induction and the development of squamous epithelial proliferation jaw lesions between Aroclor 1268 treatments and the positive control, coupled with effects observed in Aroclor 1268 treatments not observed in the positive control, indicate that mechanisms additional to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathway are associated with Aroclor 1268 exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William R Folland
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - John L Newsted
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott D Fitzgerald
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Diagnostic Center for Population and Environmental Health, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Patrick W Bradley
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - John Kern
- KERN Statistical Services, St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Zwiernik
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Selenium and Metabolic Disorders: An Emphasis on Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Nutrients 2016; 8:80. [PMID: 26861388 PMCID: PMC4772044 DOI: 10.3390/nu8020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient that maintains biological functions through the action of Se containing proteins known as selenoproteins. Due to the known antioxidant effects of Se, supplements containing Se have been on the rise. While Se supplementation may be beneficial for Se deficient populations, few are at risk for Se deficiency due to the transportation of food from Se-rich regions and the rise of Se-enriched foods. Alarmingly, Se supplementation may have adverse effects in people who already receive an adequate Se supply. Specifically, an increased risk of type 2 diabetes has been reported in individuals with high baseline Se levels. However, this effect was restricted to males, suggesting the relationship between Se and glucose homeostasis may be sexually dimorphic. This review will discuss the current understanding of the interaction between Se and glucose homeostasis, including any sex differences that have been described.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhao H, Li K, Tang JY, Zhou JC, Wang KN, Xia XJ, Lei XG. Expression of Selenoprotein Genes Is Affected by Obesity of Pigs Fed a High-Fat Diet. J Nutr 2015; 145:1394-401. [PMID: 25972525 PMCID: PMC4478952 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.211318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relations of the 25 mammalian selenoprotein genes with obesity and the associated inflammation remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study explored impacts of high-fat diet-induced obesity on inflammation and expressions of selenoprotein and obesity-related genes in 10 tissues of pigs. METHODS Plasma and 10 tissues were collected from pigs (n = 10) fed a corn-soy-based control diet or that diet containing 3-7% lard from weanling to finishing (180 d). Plasma concentrations (n = 8) of cytokines and thyroid hormones and tissue mRNA abundance (n = 4) of 25 selenoprotein genes and 16 obesity-related genes were compared between the pigs fed the control and high-fat diets. Stepwise regression was applied to analyze correlations among all these measures, including the previously reported body physical and plasma biochemical variables. RESULTS The high-fat diet elevated (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6, leptin, and leptin receptor by 29-42% and affected (P < 0.05-0.1) tissue mRNA levels of the selenoprotein and obesity-related genes in 3 patterns. Specifically, the high-fat diet up-regulated 12 selenoprotein genes in 6 tissues, down-regulated 13 selenoprotein genes in 7 tissues, and exerted no effect on 5 genes in any tissue. Body weights and plasma triglyceride concentrations of pigs showed the strongest regressions to tissue mRNA abundances of selenoprotein and obesity-related genes. Among the selenoprotein genes, selenoprotein V and I were ranked as the strongest independent variables for the regression of phenotypic and plasma measures. Meanwhile, agouti signaling protein, adiponectin, and resistin genes represented the strongest independent variables of the obesity-related genes for the regression of tissue selenoprotein mRNA. CONCLUSIONS The high-fat diet induced inflammation in pigs and affected their gene expression of selenoproteins associated with thioredoxin and oxidoreductase systems, local tissue thyroid hormone activity, endoplasmic reticulum protein degradation, and phosphorylation of lipids. This porcine model may be used to study interactive mechanisms between excess fat intake and selenoprotein function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China;
| | - Ke Li
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Yong Tang
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kang-Ning Wang
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Jie Xia
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China;,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China; and
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- International Center of Future Agriculture for Human Health, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA): Possible modes of action of toxicity and carcinogenicity in rodents. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 80:206-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
47
|
Nandi-Munshi D, Taplin CE. Thyroid-related neurological disorders and complications in children. Pediatr Neurol 2015; 52:373-82. [PMID: 25661286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones exert critical roles throughout the body and play an important and permissive role in neuroendocrine, neurological, and neuromuscular function. METHODS We performed a PubMed search through June 2014 with search terms including "hypothyroidism," "hyperthyroidism," "neurological complications," "neuropathy," "myopathy," "congenital hypothyroidism," and "encephalopathy." Relevant publications reviewed included case series, individual case reports, systematic reviews, retrospective analyses, and randomized controlled trials. The neurological outcomes of congenital hypothyroidism were reviewed, along with the clinical features of associated neuromuscular syndromes of both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, including other autoimmune conditions. Evidence for, and pathophysiological controversies surrounding, Hashimoto encephalopathy was also reviewed. RESULTS The establishment of widespread newborn screening programs has been highly successful in attenuating or preventing early and irreversible neurological harm resulting from congenital thyroid hormone deficiency, but some children continue to display neuromuscular, sensory, and cognitive defects in later life. Acquired disorders of thyroid function such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease are associated with a spectrum of central nervous system and/or neuromuscular dysfunction. However, considerable variation in clinical phenotype is described, and much of our knowledge of the role of thyroid disease in childhood neurological disorders is derived from adult case series. CONCLUSIONS Early and aggressive normalization of thyroxine levels in newborn infants with congenital hypothyroidism is important in minimizing neurological sequelae, but maternal thyroid hormone sources are also critically important to the early developing brain. A spectrum of neurological disorders has been reported in older children with acquired thyroid disease, but the frequency with which these occur remains poorly defined in the literature, and much must be extrapolated from adult data. A high index of suspicion for acquired thyroid disease is paramount in the investigation of many neurological disorders of youth, as many reported sequelae of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are reversible with appropriate endocrine management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debika Nandi-Munshi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Craig E Taplin
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cope RB, Kacew S, Dourson M. A reproductive, developmental and neurobehavioral study following oral exposure of tetrabromobisphenol A on Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicology 2015; 329:49-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
49
|
Santini F, Marzullo P, Rotondi M, Ceccarini G, Pagano L, Ippolito S, Chiovato L, Biondi B. Mechanisms in endocrinology: the crosstalk between thyroid gland and adipose tissue: signal integration in health and disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 171:R137-52. [PMID: 25214234 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and thyroid diseases are common disorders in the general population and they frequently occur in single individuals. Alongside a chance association, a direct relationship between 'thyroid and obesity' has been hypothesized. Thyroid hormone is an important determinant of energy expenditure and contributes to appetite regulation, while hormones and cytokines from the adipose tissue act on the CNS to inform on the quantity of energy stores. A continuous interaction between the thyroid hormone and regulatory mechanisms localized in adipose tissue and brain is important for human body weight control and maintenance of optimal energy balance. Whether obesity has a pathogenic role in thyroid disease remains largely a matter of investigation. This review highlights the complexity in the identification of thyroid hormone deficiency in obese patients. Regardless of the importance of treating subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, at present there is no evidence to recommend pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia often encountered in obese patients. While thyroid hormones are not indicated as anti-obesity drugs, preclinical studies suggest that thyromimetic drugs, by targeting selected receptors, might be useful in the treatment of obesity and dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferruccio Santini
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Loredana Pagano
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Ippolito
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Bernadette Biondi
- Endocrinology UnitObesity Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational MedicineUniversity of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, ItalyDivision of General MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, ItalyUnit of Internal Medicine and EndocrinologyFondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Seale LA, Gilman CL, Moorman BP, Berry MJ, Grau EG, Seale AP. Effects of acclimation salinity on the expression of selenoproteins in the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2014; 28:284-92. [PMID: 24854764 PMCID: PMC4082732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenoproteins are ubiquitously expressed, act on a variety of physiological redox-related processes, and are mostly regulated by selenium levels in animals. To date, the expression of most selenoproteins has not been verified in euryhaline fish models. The Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus, a euryhaline cichlid fish, has a high tolerance for changes in salinity and survives in fresh water (FW) and seawater (SW) environments which differ greatly in selenium availability. In the present study, we searched EST databases for cichlid selenoprotein mRNAs and screened for their differential expression in FW and SW-acclimated tilapia. The expression of mRNAs encoding iodothyronine deiodinases 1, 2 and 3 (Dio1, Dio2, Dio3), Fep15, glutathione peroxidase 2, selenoproteins J, K, L, M, P, S, and W, was measured in the brain, eye, gill, kidney, liver, pituitary, muscle, and intraperitoneal white adipose tissue. Gene expression of selenophosphate synthetase 1, Secp43, and selenocysteine lyase, factors involved in selenoprotein synthesis or in selenium metabolism, were also measured. The highest variation in selenoprotein and synthesis factor mRNA expression between FW- and SW-acclimated fish was found in gill and kidney. While the branchial expression of Dio3 was increased upon transferring tilapia from SW to FW, the inverse effect was observed when fish were transferred from FW to SW. Protein content of Dio3 was higher in fish acclimated to FW than in those acclimated to SW. Together, these results outline tissue distribution of selenoproteins in FW and SW-acclimated tilapia, and indicate that at least Dio3 expression is regulated by environmental salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia A Seale
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Christy L Gilman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Benjamin P Moorman
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Marla J Berry
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - E Gordon Grau
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Andre P Seale
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA
| |
Collapse
|