1
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Wilson ZN, Balasubramaniam SS, Wong S, Schuler MH, Wopat MJ, Hughes AL. Mitochondrial-derived compartments remove surplus proteins from the outer mitochondrial membrane. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307036. [PMID: 39136938 PMCID: PMC11320589 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) creates a boundary that imports most of the mitochondrial proteome while removing extraneous or damaged proteins. How the OMM senses aberrant proteins and remodels to maintain OMM integrity remains unresolved. Previously, we identified a mitochondrial remodeling mechanism called the mitochondrial-derived compartment (MDC) that removes a subset of the mitochondrial proteome. Here, we show that MDCs specifically sequester proteins localized only at the OMM, providing an explanation for how select mitochondrial proteins are incorporated into MDCs. Remarkably, selective sorting into MDCs also occurs within the OMM, as subunits of the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex are excluded from MDCs unless assembly of the TOM complex is impaired. Considering that overloading the OMM with mitochondrial membrane proteins or mistargeted tail-anchored membrane proteins induces MDCs to form and sequester these proteins, we propose that one functional role of MDCs is to create an OMM-enriched trap that segregates and sequesters excess proteins from the mitochondrial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary N Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Sara Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Max-Hinderk Schuler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Mitchell J Wopat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Adam L Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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2
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Kaur M, Mozaheb N, Paiva TO, Herent MF, Goormaghtigh F, Paquot A, Terrasi R, Mignolet E, Décout JL, Lorent JH, Larondelle Y, Muccioli GG, Quetin-Leclercq J, Dufrêne YF, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. Insight into the outer membrane asymmetry of P. aeruginosa and the role of MlaA in modulating the lipidic composition, mechanical, biophysical, and functional membrane properties of the cell envelope. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0148424. [PMID: 39373473 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01484-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In Gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane (OM) is asymmetric, with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids (GPLs) in the inner leaflet. The asymmetry is maintained by the Mla system (MlaA-MlaBCDEF), which contributes to lipid homeostasis by removing mislocalized GPLs from the outer leaflet of the OM. Here, we ascribed how Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 coordinately regulates pathways to provide defense against the threats posed by the deletion of mlaA. Especially, we explored (i) the effects on membrane lipid composition including LPS, GPLs, and lysophospholipids, (ii) the biophysical properties of the OM such as stiffness and fluidity, and (iii) the impact of these changes on permeability, antibiotic susceptibility, and membrane vesicles (MVs) generation. Deletion of mlaA induced an increase in total GPLs and a decrease in LPS level while also triggering alterations in lipid A structures (arabinosylation and palmitoylation), likely to be induced by a two-component system (PhoPQ-PmrAB). Altered lipid composition may serve a physiological purpose in regulating the mechanobiological and functional properties of P. aeruginosa. We demonstrated an increase in cell stiffness without alteration of turgor pressure and inner membrane (IM) fluidity in ∆mlaA. In addition, membrane vesiculation increased without any change in OM/IM permeability. An amphiphilic aminoglycoside derivative (3',6-dinonyl neamine) that targets P. aeruginosa membranes induced an opposite effect on ∆mlaA strain with a trend toward a return to the situation observed for the WT strain. Efforts dedicated to understanding the crosstalk between the OM lipid composition, and the mechanical behavior of bacterial envelope, is one needed step for designing new targets or new drugs to fight P. aeruginosa infections.IMPORTANCEPseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium responsible for severe hospital-acquired infections. The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria acts as an effective barrier against toxic compounds, and therefore, compromising this structure could increase sensitivity to antibiotics. The OM is asymmetric with the highly packed lipopolysaccharide monolayer at the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids at the inner leaflet. OM asymmetry is maintained by the Mla pathway resulting in the retrograde transport of glycerophospholipids from the OM to the inner membrane. In this study, we show that deleting mlaA, the membrane component of Mla system located at the OM, affects the mechanical and functional properties of P. aeruginosa cell envelope. Our results provide insights into the role of MlaA, involved in the Mla transport pathway in P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaur
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Mozaheb
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - T O Paiva
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, nanoBiophysics, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M-F Herent
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacognosy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Goormaghtigh
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Paquot
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Terrasi
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Mignolet
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Biochemistry of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology Louvain-la-Neuve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J-L Décout
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, Grenoble, France
| | - J H Lorent
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Larondelle
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Biochemistry of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology Louvain-la-Neuve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G G Muccioli
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Quetin-Leclercq
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacognosy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y F Dufrêne
- UCLouvain, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, nanoBiophysics, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M-P Mingeot-Leclercq
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Jiang L, Zhang C, Qian X, Gu J, Song Z. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles increase polymyxin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa while inhibiting its quorum sensing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135588. [PMID: 39181004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The persistent emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens is leading to a decline in the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) emerging as a notable threat. We investigated the antibiotic resistance and quorum sensing (QS) system of P. aeruginosa, with a particular focused on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and polymyxin B as the last line of antibiotic defense. Our findings indicate that OMVs increase the resistance of P. aeruginosa to polymyxin B. The overall gene transcription levels within P. aeruginosa also reveal that OMVs can reduce the efficacy of polymyxin B. However, both OMVs and sublethal concentrations of polymyxin B suppressed the transcription levels of genes associated with the QS system. Furthermore, OMVs and polymyxin B acted in concert on the QS system of P. aeruginosa to produce a more potent inhibitory effect. This suppression was evidenced by a decrease in the secretion of virulence factors, impaired bacterial motility, and a notable decline in the ability to form biofilms. These results reveal that OMVs enhance the resistance of P. aeruginosa to polymyxin B, yet they collaborate with polymyxin B to inhibit the QS system. Our research contribute to a deeper understanding of the resistance mechanisms of P. aeruginosa in the environment, and provide new insights into the reduction of bacterial infections caused by P. aeruginosa through the QS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xun Qian
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jie Gu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Agricultural Waste Resources, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zilin Song
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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4
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Wen AX, Herman C. Horizontal gene transfer and beyond: the delivery of biological matter by bacterial membrane vesicles to host and bacterial cells. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 81:102525. [PMID: 39190937 PMCID: PMC11444307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced in all domains of life. In eukaryotes, extracellular vesicles have been shown to mediate the horizontal transfer of biological material between cells [1]. Therefore, bacterial MVs are also thought to mediate horizontal material transfer to host cells and other bacteria, especially in the context of cell stress. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of bacterial MV production, evidence that their contents can be trafficked to host cells and other bacteria, and the biological relevance of horizontal material transfer by bacterial MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice X Wen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Robert and Janice McNair Foundation/ McNair Medical Institute M.D./Ph.D. Scholars program, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christophe Herman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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5
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Alvarado-Ocampo J, Abrahams-Sandí E, Retana-Moreira L. Overview of extracellular vesicles in pathogens with special focus on human extracellular protozoan parasites. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2024; 119:e240073. [PMID: 39319874 PMCID: PMC11421424 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760240073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayered membrane-delimited particles secreted by almost any cell type, involved in different functions according to the cell of origin and its state. From these, cell to cell communication, pathogen-host interactions and modulation of the immune response have been widely studied. Moreover, these vesicles could be employed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including infections produced by pathogens of diverse types; regarding parasites, the secretion, characterisation, and roles of EVs have been studied in particular cases. Moreover, the heterogeneity of EVs presents challenges at every stage of studies, which motivates research in this area. In this review, we summarise some aspects related to the secretion and roles of EVs from several groups of pathogens, with special focus on the most recent research regarding EVs secreted by extracellular protozoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Alvarado-Ocampo
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Elizabeth Abrahams-Sandí
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, San José, Costa Rica
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Departamento de Parasitología, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Lissette Retana-Moreira
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, San José, Costa Rica
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Departamento de Parasitología, San José, Costa Rica
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Xuan S, Xuan G. Bacterial membrane vesicles: formation, functions, and roles in bacterial-phage interactions. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:329. [PMID: 39304539 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nano-sized vesicles actively released by Gram-negative bacteria, playing a crucial role in bacterial survival and interactions with phages. This review focuses on OMVs and succinctly delineates the stimuli instigating OMV formation, their functional repertoire, and their involvement in bacterial-phage interplays. Initially, the discussion centers on the drivers prompting OMV genesis, encompassing both extrinsic environmental pressures and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms within bacterial systems. Subsequently, a comprehensive examination of OMVs' multifaceted functions in bacterial physiology ensues, spanning signaling cascades, nutrient transport, antibiotic resilience, and evasion of immune surveillance. Particular emphasis is placed on elucidating the paramount significance of OMVs in mediating bacterial-phage dynamics. OMVs function as decoys, providing protection to bacterial hosts against phages, and concurrently promoting the spread of phage receptors, thereby rendering phage-resistant strains susceptible to phage invasion. This comprehensive review deepens our comprehension of membrane vesicles biogenesis in bacteria and their pivotal role in microbial community dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266400, China
| | - Guanhua Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266400, China.
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7
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Xuan G, Lu D, Lin H, Wang Y, Wang J. Outer Membrane Vesicle Production by Escherichia coli Enhances Its Defense against Phage Infection. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1836. [PMID: 39338510 PMCID: PMC11433858 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12091836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the multifunctional characteristics of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), but research on their role in mediating phage-bacteria interactions is limited. Employing Escherichia coli as a model, we engineered a mutant strain overproducing OMVs for protective experiments against phage infections. The addition of exogenous OMVs proved highly effective in safeguarding the bacterial host against various phages, mitigating predatory threats. Screening for phage-resistant strains and adsorption experiments revealed that inhibiting phage adsorption is a crucial pathway through which OMVs protect against phage predation. Although OMVs conferred tolerance to the phage-sensitive strains (those easily infected by phages), they could not restore the phage-resistant strains (those that effectively resist phage infection) to a sensitive phenotype. This study provides valuable insights for the future development of novel biotechnological approaches aimed at utilizing OMVs to protect fermentative strains and reduce the risk of phage contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Di Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Yinfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Jingxue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266400, China
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8
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Ebenberger SP, Cakar F, Chen Y, Pressler K, Eberl L, Schild S. The activity of the quorum sensing regulator HapR is modulated by the bacterial extracellular vesicle (BEV)-associated protein ObfA of Vibrio cholerae. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12507. [PMID: 39252550 PMCID: PMC11386269 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae, a facultative human pathogen and causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera, transits between the human intestinal tract and aquatic reservoirs. Like other bacterial species, V. cholerae continuously releases bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) from its surface, which have been recently characterised for their role during in vivo colonisation. However, between epidemic outbreaks, V. cholerae persists in the biofilm mode for extended periods in aquatic reservoirs, which enhances environmental fitness and host transition. In this study, we investigated the effect of V. cholerae BEVs on biofilm formation, a critical feature for ex vivo survival. In contrast to BEVs from planktonic cultures, our results show that physiological concentrations of BEVs from dynamic biofilm cultures facilitate V. cholerae biofilm formation, which could be linked to a proteinaceous factor. Comparative proteomic analyses of planktonic- and biofilm-derived BEVs identified a previously uncharacterised outer membrane protein as an abundant component of dynamic biofilm-derived BEVs, which was found to be responsible for the BEV-dependent enhancement of biofilm production. Consequently, this protein was named outer membrane-associated biofilm facilitating protein A (ObfA). Comprehensive molecular studies unravelled ObfA as a negative modulator of HapR activity. HapR is a key transcriptional regulator of the V. cholerae quorum sensing (QS) cascade acting as a potent repressor of biofilm formation and virulence. Consistently, obfA mutants not only exhibited reduced biofilm production but also reduced colonisation fitness. Surprisingly, our results demonstrate that ObfA does not affect HapR through the canonical QS system but via the Csr-cascade altering the expression of the small regulatory RNAs CsrC and CsrD. In summary, this study elucidates a novel intraspecies BEV-based communication in V. cholerae that influences biofilm formation and colonisation fitness via a new regulatory pathway involving HapR, Csr-cascade and the BEV-associated protein ObfA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatih Cakar
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Yi‐Chi Chen
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Schild
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
- Field of Excellence BiohealthUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
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9
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Rosinke K, Starai VJ, Hoover TR. Helicobacter pylori HP0018 Has a Potential Role in the Maintenance of the Cell Envelope. Cells 2024; 13:1438. [PMID: 39273010 PMCID: PMC11394524 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial pathogen that colonizes the human stomach, where it can cause a variety of diseases. H. pylori uses a cluster of sheathed flagella for motility, which is required for host colonization in animal models. The flagellar sheath is continuous with the outer membrane and is found in most Helicobacter species identified to date. HP0018 is a predicted lipoprotein of unknown function that is conserved in Helicobacter species that have flagellar sheaths but is absent in Helicobacter species that have sheath-less flagella. Deletion of hp0018 in H. pylori B128 resulted in the formation of long chains of outer membrane vesicles, which were most evident in an aflagellated variant of the Δhp0018 mutant that had a frameshift mutation in fliP. Flagellated cells of the Δhp0018 mutant possessed what appeared to be a normal flagellar sheath, suggesting that HP0018 is not required for sheath formation. Cells of the Δhp0018 mutant were also less helical in shape compared to wild-type cells. A HP0018-superfolder green fluorescent fusion protein expressed in the H. pylori Δhp0018 mutant formed fluorescent foci at the cell poles and lateral sites. Co-immunoprecipitation assays with HP0018 identified two enzymes involved in the modification of the cell wall peptidoglycan, AmiA and MltD, as potential HP0018 interaction partners. HP0018 may modulate the activity of AmiA or MltD, and in the absence of HP0018, the unregulated activity of these enzymes may alter the peptidoglycan layer in a manner that results in an altered cell shape and hypervesiculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Rosinke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vincent J Starai
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Timothy R Hoover
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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10
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Mao J, Yang X, Yan C, Wang F, Zheng R. Proteomic analysis of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae outer membrane vesicles under the action of phages combined with tigecycline. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024; 23:73. [PMID: 39164718 PMCID: PMC11337635 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-024-00734-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most commonly encountered pathogen in clinical practice. Widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has led to the current global dissemination of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, which poses a significant threat to antibacterial treatment efficacy and public health. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have been identified as carriers capable of facilitating the transfer of virulence and resistance genes. However, the role of OMVs in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae under external pressures such as antibiotic and phage treatments remains unclear. METHODS To isolate and purify OMVs under the pressure of phages and tigecycline, we subjected K. pneumoniae 0692 harboring plasmid-mediated blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2 genes to density gradient separation. The double-layer plate method was used to isolate MJ1, which efficiently lysed K. pneumoniae 0692 cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the isolated phages and extract OMV groups for relevant morphological identification. Determination of protein content of each OMV group was conducted through bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) and proteomic analysis. RESULTS K. pneumoniae 0692 released OMVs in response to different environmental stimuli, which were characterized through TEM as having the typical structure and particle size of OMVs. Phage or tigecycline treatment alone resulted in a slight increase in the mean protein concentration of OMVs secreted by K. pneumoniae 0692 compared to that in the untreated group. However, when phage treatment was combined with tigecycline, there was a significant reduction in the average protein concentration of OMVs compared to tigecycline treatment alone. Proteomics showed that OMVs encapsulated numerous functional proteins and that under different external stresses of phages and tigecycline, the proteins carried by K. pneumoniae 0692-derived OMVs were significantly upregulated or downregulated compared with those in the untreated group. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the ability of OMVs to carry abundant proteins and highlighted the important role of OMV-associated proteins in bacterial responses to phages and tigecycline, representing an important advancement in microbial resistance research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of College of Medical, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of College of Medical, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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11
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Dehinwal R, Gopinath T, Smith RD, Ernst RK, Schifferli DM, Waldor MK, Marassi FM. A pH-sensitive motif in an outer membrane protein activates bacterial membrane vesicle production. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6958. [PMID: 39138228 PMCID: PMC11322160 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51364-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by Gram-negative bacteria have key roles in cell envelope homeostasis, secretion, interbacterial communication, and pathogenesis. The facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium increases OMV production inside the acidic vacuoles of host cells by changing expression of its outer membrane proteins and modifying the composition of lipid A. However, the molecular mechanisms that translate pH changes into OMV production are not completely understood. Here, we show that the outer membrane protein PagC promotes OMV production through pH-dependent interactions between its extracellular loops and surrounding lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Structural comparisons and mutational studies indicate that a pH-responsive amino acid motif in PagC extracellular loops, containing PagC-specific histidine residues, is crucial for OMV formation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that protonation of histidine residues leads to changes in the structure and flexibility of PagC extracellular loops and their interactions with the surrounding LPS, altering membrane curvature. Consistent with that hypothesis, mimicking acidic pH by mutating those histidine residues to lysine increases OMV production. Thus, our findings reveal a mechanism for sensing and responding to environmental pH and for control of membrane dynamics by outer membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Dehinwal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tata Gopinath
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dieter M Schifferli
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Matthew K Waldor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Desai N, Chavda V, Singh TRR, Thorat ND, Vora LK. Cancer Nanovaccines: Nanomaterials and Clinical Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401631. [PMID: 38693099 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer nanovaccines represent a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy, utilizing nanotechnology to augment traditional vaccine efficacy. This review comprehensively examines the current state-of-the-art in cancer nanovaccine development, elucidating innovative strategies and technologies employed in their design. It explores both preclinical and clinical advancements, emphasizing key studies demonstrating their potential to elicit robust anti-tumor immune responses. The study encompasses various facets, including integrating biomaterial-based nanocarriers for antigen delivery, adjuvant selection, and the impact of nanoscale properties on vaccine performance. Detailed insights into the complex interplay between the tumor microenvironment and nanovaccine responses are provided, highlighting challenges and opportunities in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, the study presents a thorough analysis of ongoing clinical trials, presenting a snapshot of the current clinical landscape. By curating the latest scientific findings and clinical developments, this study aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians engaged in advancing cancer immunotherapy. Integrating nanotechnology into vaccine design holds immense promise for revolutionizing cancer treatment paradigms, and this review provides a timely update on the evolving landscape of cancer nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimeet Desai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Vivek Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | | | - Nanasaheb D Thorat
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, Castletroy, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, Medical Science Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
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13
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Meidaninikjeh S, Mohammadi P, Elikaei A. Bacteriophages and bacterial extracellular vesicles, threat or opportunity? Life Sci 2024; 350:122749. [PMID: 38821215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMR) is one of the health major problems worldwide. The scientists are looking for a novel method to treat infectious diseases. Phage therapy is considered a suitable approach for treating infectious diseases. However, there are different challenges in this way. Some biological aspects can probably influence on therapeutic results and further investigations are necessary to reach a successful phage therapy. Bacteriophage activity can influence by bacterial defense system. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are one of the bacterial defense mechanisms which can modify the results of bacteriophage activity. BEVs have the significant roles in the gene transferring, invasion, escape, and spreading of bacteriophages. In this review, the defense mechanisms of bacteria against bacteriophages, especially BEVs secretion, the hidden linkage of BEVs and bacteriophages, and its possible consequences on the bacteriophage activity as well phage therapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Meidaninikjeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Mohammadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ameneh Elikaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Li J, Liao T, Chua EG, Zhang M, Shen Y, Song X, Marshall BJ, Benghezal M, Tang H, Li H. Helicobacter pylori Outer Membrane Vesicles: Biogenesis, Composition, and Biological Functions. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4029-4043. [PMID: 39113715 PMCID: PMC11302881 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.94156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori has been recognized not only as a causative agent of a spectrum of gastroduodenal diseases including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer, but also as the culprit in several extra-gastric diseases. However, the association of H. pylori infection with extra-gastric diseases remains elusive, prompting a reevaluation of the role of H. pylori-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Like other gram-negative bacteria, H. pylori constitutively sheds biologically active OMVs for long-distance delivery of bacterial virulence factors in a concentrated and protected form, averting the need of direct bacterial contact with distant host cells to induce extra-gastric diseases associated with this gastric pathogen. Additionally, H. pylori-derived OMVs contribute to bacterial survival and chronic gastric pathogenesis. Moreover, the immunogenic activity, non-replicable nature, and anti-bacterial adhesion effect of H. pylori OMVs make them a desirable vaccine candidate against infection. The immunogenic potency and safety concerns of the OMV contents are challenges in the development of H. pylori OMV-based vaccines. In this review, we discuss recent advances regarding H. pylori OMVs, focusing on new insights into their biogenesis mechanisms and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | | | - Eng Guan Chua
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yalin Shen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaona Song
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Barry J. Marshall
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mohammed Benghezal
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Casillo A, Fanina S, Kamasaka K, Kawamoto J, Kurihara T, Lanzetta R, Corsaro MM. Structural study of a polysaccharide component of nfnB mutant of Shewanella vesiculosa HM13. Carbohydr Res 2024; 541:109148. [PMID: 38795397 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Shewanella vesiculosa HM13 is a Gram-negative bacterium able to produce a large amount of extracellular membrane vesicles. These nanoparticles carry a major protein P49, the loading of which seems to be influenced by the glycans decorating the membrane. Here we report the structural characterization, using chemical analyses and NMR spectroscopy, of the capsular polysaccharides isolated from the nfnB-mutant strain of S. vesiculosa HM13, which is unable to load P49 on the membrane vesicles. In addition to the polysaccharide corona isolated and characterized from the parental strain, the nfnB-mutant strain released another polysaccharide composed of disaccharide repeating units having the following structure. →4)-β-D-Glc-(1 → 3)-β-D-GlcNAc-(1→.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvia Fanina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Kouhei Kamasaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Jun Kawamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kurihara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Rosa Lanzetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
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16
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Ojima Y, Toda K, Sawabe T, Kumazoe Y, Tahara YO, Miyata M, Azuma M. Budding and explosive membrane vesicle production by hypervesiculating Escherichia coli strain Δ rodZ. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1400434. [PMID: 38966389 PMCID: PMC11222570 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli produces extracellular vesicles called outer membrane vesicles. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the hypervesiculation of deletion mutant ΔrodZ of E. coli. RodZ forms supramolecular complexes with actin protein MreB and peptidoglycan (PG) synthase, and plays an important role in determining the cell shape. Because mreB is an essential gene, an expression-repressed strain (mreB R3) was constructed using CRISPRi, in which the expression of mreB decreased to 20% of that in the wild-type (WT) strain. In shaken-flask culture, the ΔrodZ strain produced >50 times more vesicles than the WT strain. The mreB-repressed strain mreB R3 showed eightfold higher vesicle production than the WT. ΔrodZ and mreB R3 cells were observed using quick-freeze replica electron microscopy. As reported in previous studies, ΔrodZ cells were spherical (WT cells are rod-shaped). Some ΔrodZ cells (around 7% in total) had aberrant surface structures, such as budding vesicles and dented surfaces, or curved patterns on the surface. Holes in the PG layer and an increased cell volume were observed for ΔrodZ and mreB R3 cells compared with the WT. In conditions of osmotic support using sucrose, the OD660 value of the ΔrodZ strain increased significantly, and vesicle production decreased drastically, compared with those in the absence of sucrose. This study first clarified that vesicle production by the E. coli ΔrodZ strain is promoted by surface budding and a burst of cells that became osmotically sensitive because of their incomplete PG structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ojima
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaho Toda
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sawabe
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Kumazoe
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuhei O. Tahara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Azuma
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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17
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Rojas A, Regev-Rudzki N. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles from the pathogen perspective: Transkingdom strategies for delivering messages. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 88:102366. [PMID: 38705049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
EVs are nanoparticles enclosing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids released by cells and are essential for their metabolism and useful for intercellular communication. The importance of EVs has been highlighted by their use as biomarkers or as vaccine antigens. The release of vesicles is exploited by a wide range of organisms: from unicellular bacteria or protozoa to multicellular prokaryotes like fungi, helminths and arthropods. The mechanisms elucidated to date in each biological group are presented, as well as a discussion of interesting directions for future EV studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rojas
- Laboratory of Helminthology, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, University of Costa Rica, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica.
| | - Neta Regev-Rudzki
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
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18
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Kaur M, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. Maintenance of bacterial outer membrane lipid asymmetry: insight into MlaA. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:186. [PMID: 38802775 PMCID: PMC11131202 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria acts as an effective barrier to protect against toxic compounds. By nature, the OM is asymmetric with the highly packed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the outer leaflet and glycerophospholipids at the inner leaflet. OM asymmetry is maintained by the Mla system, in which is responsible for the retrograde transport of glycerophospholipids from the OM to the inner membrane. This system is comprised of six Mla proteins, including MlaA, an OM lipoprotein involved in the removal of glycerophospholipids that are mis-localized at the outer leaflet of the OM. Interestingly, MlaA was initially identified - and called VacJ - based on its role in the intracellular spreading of Shigella flexneri.Many open questions remain with respect to the Mla system and the mechanism involved in the translocation of mislocated glycerophospholipids at the outer leaflet of the OM, by MlaA. After summarizing the current knowledge on MlaA, we focus on the impact of mlaA deletion on OM lipid composition and biophysical properties of the OM. How changes in OM lipid composition and biophysical properties can impact the generation of membrane vesicles and membrane permeability is discussed. Finally, we explore whether and how MlaA might be a candidate for improving the activity of antibiotics and as a vaccine candidate.Efforts dedicated to understanding the relationship between the OM lipid composition and the mechanical strength of the bacterial envelope and, in turn, how such properties act against external stress, are needed for the design of new targets or drugs for Gram-negative infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaur
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Unité de Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, B1.73.05; 73 Av E. Mounier, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - M-P Mingeot-Leclercq
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Unité de Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, B1.73.05; 73 Av E. Mounier, Brussels, 1200, Belgium.
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19
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Singh A, Nice JB, Wu M, Brown AC, Wittenberg NJ. Multivariate Analysis of Individual Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Using Fluorescence Microscopy. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2024; 2:352-361. [PMID: 38817321 PMCID: PMC11134603 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.4c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that play a critical role in cell-cell communication and virulence. OMVs have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for various biological applications such as vaccines and targeted drug delivery. However, the full potential of OMVs is currently constrained by inherent heterogeneities, such as size and cargo differences, and traditional ensemble assays are limited in their ability to reveal OMV heterogeneity. To overcome this issue, we devised an innovative approach enabling the identification of various characteristics of individual OMVs. This method, employing fluorescence microscopy, facilitates the detection of variations in size and surface markers. To demonstrate our method, we utilize the oral bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) which produces OMVs with a bimodal size distribution. As part of its virulence, A. actinomycetemcomitans secretes leukotoxin (LtxA) in two forms: soluble and surface associated with the OMVs. We observed a correlation between the size and toxin presence where larger OMVs were much more likely to possess LtxA compared to the smaller OMVs. In addition, we noted that, among the smallest OMVs (<100 nm diameter), the fractions that are toxin positive range from 0 to 30%, while the largest OMVs (>200 nm diameter) are between 70 and 100% toxin positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarshi
N. Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Justin B Nice
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Meishan Wu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Angela C. Brown
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Nathan J. Wittenberg
- Department
of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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20
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Salgueiro VC, Passemar C, Vázquez-Iniesta L, Lerma L, Floto A, Prados-Rosales R. Extracellular vesicles in mycobacteria: new findings in biogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, and diagnostics. mBio 2024; 15:e0255223. [PMID: 38567992 PMCID: PMC11077946 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02552-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mycobacterial species 15 years back, we have learned that this phenomenon is conserved in the Mycobacterium genus and has critical roles in bacterial physiology and host-pathogen interactions. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the tuberculosis (TB) causative agent, produces EVs both in vitro and in vivo including a diverse set of biomolecules with demonstrated immunomodulatory effects. Moreover, Mtb EVs (MEVs) have been shown to possess vaccine properties and carry biomarkers with diagnostic capacity. Although information on MEV biogenesis relative to other bacterial species is scarce, recent studies have shed light on how MEVs originate and are released to the extracellular space. In this minireview, we discuss past and new information about the vesiculogenesis phenomenon in Mtb, including biogenesis, MEV cargo, aspects in the context of host-pathogen interactions, and applications that could help to develop effective tools to tackle the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C. Salgueiro
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Microbiology. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Charlotte Passemar
- Cambridge Center for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lucía Vázquez-Iniesta
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Microbiology. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Lerma
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Microbiology. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Floto
- Cambridge Center for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Prados-Rosales
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Microbiology. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
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22
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Hu XM, Peng L, Wu J, Wu G, Liang X, Yang JL. Bacterial c-di-GMP signaling gene affects mussel larval metamorphosis through outer membrane vesicles and lipopolysaccharides. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38575604 PMCID: PMC10994910 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms serve as crucial cues for settlement and metamorphosis in marine invertebrates. Within bacterial systems, c-di-GMP functions as a pivotal signaling molecule regulating both biofilm formation and dispersion. However, the molecular mechanism of how c-di-GMP modulates biofilm-induced larval metamorphosis remains elusive. Our study reveals that the deletion of a c-di-GMP related gene in Pseudoalteromonas marina led to an increase in the level of bacterial c-di-GMP by knockout technique, and the mutant strain had an enhanced ability to produce more outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The mutant biofilms had higher induction activity for larval metamorphosis in mussels Mytilus coruscus, and OMVs play a major role in the induction activity. We further explored the function of LPS in OMVs. Extracted LPS induced high larval metamorphosis rate, and LPS content were subject to c-di-GMP and LPS-biosynthesis gene. Thus, we postulate that the impact of c-di-GMP on biofilm-induced metamorphosis is mediated through OMVs and LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jingxian Wu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guanju Wu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jin-Long Yang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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23
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Xiu L, Wu Y, Lin G, Zhang Y, Huang L. Bacterial membrane vesicles: orchestrators of interkingdom interactions in microbial communities for environmental adaptation and pathogenic dynamics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371317. [PMID: 38576623 PMCID: PMC10991846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have attracted increasing attention due to their significant roles in bacterial physiology and pathogenic processes. In this review, we provide an overview of the importance and current research status of MVs in regulating bacterial physiology and pathogenic processes, as well as their crucial roles in environmental adaptation and pathogenic infections. We describe the formation mechanism, composition, structure, and functions of MVs, and discuss the various roles of MVs in bacterial environmental adaptation and pathogenic infections. Additionally, we analyze the limitations and challenges of MV-related research and prospect the potential applications of MVs in environmental adaptation, pathogenic mechanisms, and novel therapeutic strategies. This review emphasizes the significance of understanding and studying MVs for the development of new insights into bacterial environmental adaptation and pathogenic processes. Overall, this review contributes to our understanding of the intricate interplay between bacteria and their environment and provides valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting bacterial pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gongshi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Marine & Fisheries Research Institute, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lixing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Coves X, Mamat U, Conchillo-Solé O, Huedo P, Bravo M, Gómez AC, Krohn I, Streit WR, Schaible UE, Gibert I, Daura X, Yero D. The Mla system and its role in maintaining outer membrane barrier function in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1346565. [PMID: 38469346 PMCID: PMC10925693 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1346565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria found in both natural and clinical environments. It is a remarkably adaptable species capable of thriving in various environments, thanks to the plasticity of its genome and a diverse array of genes that encode a wide range of functions. Among these functions, one notable trait is its remarkable ability to resist various antimicrobial agents, primarily through mechanisms that regulate the diffusion across cell membranes. We have investigated the Mla ABC transport system of S. maltophilia, which in other Gram-negative bacteria is known to transport phospholipids across the periplasm and is involved in maintaining outer membrane homeostasis. First, we structurally and functionally characterized the periplasmic substrate-binding protein MlaC, which determines the specificity of this system. The predicted structure of the S. maltophilia MlaC protein revealed a hydrophobic cavity of sufficient size to accommodate the phospholipids commonly found in this species. Moreover, recombinant MlaC produced heterologously demonstrated the ability to bind phospholipids. Gene knockout experiments in S. maltophilia K279a revealed that the Mla system is involved in baseline resistance to antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, especially those with divalent-cation chelating activity. Co-culture experiments with Pseudomonas aeruginosa also showed a significant contribution of this system to the cooperation between both species in the formation of polymicrobial biofilms. As suggested for other Gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms, this system emerges as an appealing target for potential combined antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Coves
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Uwe Mamat
- Cellular Microbiology, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Leibniz Research Alliance INFECTIONS, Borstel, Germany
| | - Oscar Conchillo-Solé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Pol Huedo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marc Bravo
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Andromeda-Celeste Gómez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ines Krohn
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R. Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich E. Schaible
- Cellular Microbiology, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Leibniz Research Alliance INFECTIONS, Borstel, Germany
| | - Isidre Gibert
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Xavier Daura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Daniel Yero
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Gao S, Gao L, Yuan D, Lin X, van der Veen S. Gonococcal OMV-delivered PorB induces epithelial cell mitophagy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1669. [PMID: 38396029 PMCID: PMC10891091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae is able to invade epithelial cells and survive intracellularly. During this process, it secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), however, the mechanistic details for interactions between gonococcal OMVs and epithelial cells and their impact on intracellular survival are currently not established. Here, we show that gonococcal OMVs induce epithelial cell mitophagy to reduce mitochondrial secretion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhance intracellular survival. We demonstrate that OMVs deliver PorB to mitochondria to dissipate the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in mitophagy induction through a conventional PINK1 and OPTN/NDP52 mechanism. Furthermore, PorB directly recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF213, which decorates PorB lysine residue 171 with K63-linked polyubiquitin to induce mitophagy in a p62-dependent manner. These results demonstrate a mechanism in which polyubiquitination of a bacterial virulence factor that targets mitochondria directs mitophagy processes to this organelle to prevent its secretion of deleterious ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gao
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingyu Gao
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dailin Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, PR China
| | - Xu'ai Lin
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Dermatology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Potapova A, Garvey W, Dahl P, Guo S, Chang Y, Schwechheimer C, Trebino MA, Floyd KA, Phinney BS, Liu J, Malvankar NS, Yildiz FH. Outer membrane vesicles and the outer membrane protein OmpU govern Vibrio cholerae biofilm matrix assembly. mBio 2024; 15:e0330423. [PMID: 38206049 PMCID: PMC10865864 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03304-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are matrix-encased microbial communities that increase the environmental fitness and infectivity of many human pathogens including Vibrio cholerae. Biofilm matrix assembly is essential for biofilm formation and function. Known components of the V. cholerae biofilm matrix are the polysaccharide Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS), matrix proteins RbmA, RbmC, Bap1, and extracellular DNA, but the majority of the protein composition is uncharacterized. This study comprehensively analyzed the biofilm matrix proteome and revealed the presence of outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) were also present in the V. cholerae biofilm matrix and were associated with OMPs and many biofilm matrix proteins suggesting that they participate in biofilm matrix assembly. Consistent with this, OMVs had the capability to alter biofilm structural properties depending on their composition. OmpU was the most prevalent OMP in the matrix, and its absence altered biofilm architecture by increasing VPS production. Single-cell force spectroscopy revealed that proteins critical for biofilm formation, OmpU, the matrix proteins RbmA, RbmC, Bap1, and VPS contribute to cell-surface adhesion forces at differing efficiency, with VPS showing the highest efficiency whereas Bap1 showing the lowest efficiency. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying biofilm matrix assembly in V. cholerae, which may provide new opportunities to develop inhibitors that specifically alter biofilm matrix properties and, thus, affect either the environmental survival or pathogenesis of V. cholerae.IMPORTANCECholera remains a major public health concern. Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, forms biofilms, which are critical for its transmission, infectivity, and environmental persistence. While we know that the V. cholerae biofilm matrix contains exopolysaccharide, matrix proteins, and extracellular DNA, we do not have a comprehensive understanding of the majority of biofilm matrix components. Here, we discover outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) within the biofilm matrix of V. cholerae. Proteomic analysis of the matrix and matrix-associated OMVs showed that OMVs carry key matrix proteins and Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) to help build biofilms. We also characterize the role of the highly abundant outer membrane protein OmpU in biofilm formation and show that it impacts biofilm architecture in a VPS-dependent manner. Understanding V. cholerae biofilm formation is important for developing a better prevention and treatment strategy framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Potapova
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - William Garvey
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Peter Dahl
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yunjie Chang
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carmen Schwechheimer
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Michael A. Trebino
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Kyle A. Floyd
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nikhil S. Malvankar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Fitnat H. Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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27
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Mobarak H, Javid F, Narmi MT, Mardi N, Sadeghsoltani F, Khanicheragh P, Narimani S, Mahdipour M, Sokullu E, Valioglu F, Rahbarghazi R. Prokaryotic microvesicles Ortholog of eukaryotic extracellular vesicles in biomedical fields. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:80. [PMID: 38291458 PMCID: PMC10826215 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Every single cell can communicate with other cells in a paracrine manner via the production of nano-sized extracellular vesicles. This phenomenon is conserved between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, exosomes (Exos) are the main inter-cellular bioshuttles with the potential to carry different signaling molecules. Likewise, bacteria can produce and release Exo-like particles, namely microvesicles (MVs) into the extracellular matrix. Bacterial MVs function with diverse biological properties and are at the center of attention due to their inherent therapeutic properties. Here, in this review article, the comparable biological properties between the eukaryotic Exos and bacterial MVs were highlighted in terms of biomedical application. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Mobarak
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzin Javid
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Taghavi Narmi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Mardi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Khanicheragh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Narimani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Emel Sokullu
- Biophysics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Rumeli Feneri, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferzane Valioglu
- Technology Development Zones Management CO, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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28
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Xiong Y, Lou P, Xu C, Han B, Liu J, Gao J. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in veterinary practice: novel opportunities and potential challenges. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1335107. [PMID: 38332755 PMCID: PMC10850357 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1335107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are nanoscale vesicles that transport signals between cells, mediating both physiological and pathological processes. EVs facilitate conserved intercellular communication. By transferring bioactive molecules between cells, EVs coordinate systemic responses, regulating homeostasis, immunity, and disease progression. Given their biological importance and involvement in pathogenesis, EVs show promise as biomarkers for veterinary diagnosis, and candidates for vaccine production, and treatment agents. Additionally, different treatment or engineering methods could be used to boost the capability of extracellular vesicles. Despite the emerging veterinary interest, EV research has been predominantly human-based. Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding isolation protocols, cargo loading mechanisms, in vivo biodistribution, and species-specific functions. Standardized methods for veterinary EV characterization and validation are lacking. Regulatory uncertainties impede veterinary clinical translation. Advances in fundamental EV biology and technology are needed to propel the veterinary field forward. This review introduces EVs from a veterinary perspective by introducing the latest studies, highlighting their potential while analyzing challenges to motivate expanded veterinary investigation and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yindi Xiong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Lou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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29
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Koh S, Sato M, Matsusaki H, Taguchi S. The Discovery of Membrane Vesicle Biogenesis in the Polyhydroxybutyrate-non-producing Mutant Strain of Cupriavidus necator H16. Microbes Environ 2024; 39:ME24007. [PMID: 39322553 PMCID: PMC11427308 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) caused by the artificial production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) were previously detected in Escherichia coli. We herein observed MV biogenesis in the mutant strain (-PHB) of the natural PHB producer, Cupriavidus necator H16. This inverse relationship was revealed through comparative electron microscopic ana-lyses of wild-type and mutant strains. Based on these results, we speculate that a physiological relationship exists between MV biogenesis and PHB biosynthesis. Therefore, we propose the potential of MV biogenesis as a fermentative "stress marker" for monitoring the performance of target polymer-producing microbial platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Koh
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1–1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1–1–1 Higashimita, Tama, Kawasaki, 214–8571, Japan
| | - Hiromi Matsusaki
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3–1–100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862–8502, Japan
| | - Seiichi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1–1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan
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30
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Zheng K, Feng Y, Li L, Kong F, Gao J, Kong X. Engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles: a versatile bacteria-based weapon against gastrointestinal tumors. Theranostics 2024; 14:761-787. [PMID: 38169585 PMCID: PMC10758051 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale lipid bilayer structures released by gram-negative bacteria. They share membrane composition and properties with their originating cells, making them adept at traversing cellular barriers. These OMVs have demonstrated exceptional membrane stability, immunogenicity, safety, penetration, and tumor-targeting properties, which have been leveraged in developing vaccines and drug delivery systems. Recent research efforts have focused on engineering OMVs to increase production yield, reduce cytotoxicity, and improve the safety and efficacy of treatment. Notably, gastrointestinal (GI) tumors have proven resistant to several traditional oncological treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in some patients, their usage as monotherapy remains limited by tumor heterogeneity and individual variability. The immunogenic and modifiable nature of OMVs makes them an ideal design platform for the individualized treatment of GI tumors. OMV-based therapy enables combination therapy and optimization of anti-tumor effects. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in OMV engineering for GI tumor therapy and discusses the challenges in the clinical translation of emerging OMV-based anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuang Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongpu Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanyang Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- National Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spontaneously released by many gram-negative bacteria during their growth and constitute an important virulence factor for bacteria, helping them to survive through harsh environmental conditions. Native OMVs, naturally-released from bacteria, are produced at a level too low for vaccine manufacturing, requiring chemical treatment (detergent-extracted) or genetic manipulation, resulting in generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMAs). Over the years, the nature and properties of OMVs have made them a viable platform for vaccine development. There are a few licensed OMV vaccines mainly for the prevention of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). There are several candidates in clinical development against other gram-negative organisms from which the OMVs are derived, but also against heterologous targets in which the OMVs are used as carriers (e.g. coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The use of OMVs for targets other than those from which they are derived is a major advancement in OMV technology, improving its versatility by being able to deliver protein or polysaccharide antigens. Other advances include the range of genetic modifications that can be made to improve their safety, reduce reactogenicity, and increase immunogenicity and protective efficacy. However, significant challenges remain, such as identification of general tools for high-content surface expression of heterologous proteins on the OMV surface. Here, we outline the progress of OMV vaccines to date, particularly discussing licensed OMV-based vaccines and candidates in clinical development. Recent trends in preclinical research are described, mainly focused on genetic manipulation and chemical conjugation for the use of OMVs as carriers for heterologous protein and polysaccharide antigens. Remaining challenges with the use of OMVs and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Micoli
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy.
| | | | - Usman Nakakana
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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32
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Melo-Marques I, Cardoso SM, Empadinhas N. Bacterial extracellular vesicles at the interface of gut microbiota and immunity. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2396494. [PMID: 39340209 PMCID: PMC11444517 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2396494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nano-sized lipid-shielded structures released by bacteria and that play an important role in intercellular communication. Their broad taxonomic origins and varying cargo compositions suggest their active participation in significant biological mechanisms. Specifically, they are involved in directly modulating microbial ecosystems, competing with other organisms, contributing to pathogenicity, and influencing the immunity of their hosts. This review examines the mechanisms that underlie the modulatory effects of BEVs on gut dynamics and immunity. Understanding how BEVs modulate microbiota composition and functional imbalances is crucial, as gut dysbiosis is implicated not only in the pathogenesis of various gastrointestinal, metabolic, and neurological diseases, but also in reducing resistance to colonization by enteric pathogens, which is particularly concerning given the current antimicrobial resistance crisis. This review summarizes recent advancements in the field of BEVs to encourage further research into these enigmatic entities. This will facilitate a better understanding of intra- and interkingdom communication phenomena and reveal promising therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Melo-Marques
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Morais Cardoso
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Empadinhas
- CNC-UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Bitzenhofer NL, Höfel C, Thies S, Weiler AJ, Eberlein C, Heipieper HJ, Batra‐Safferling R, Sundermeyer P, Heidler T, Sachse C, Busche T, Kalinowski J, Belthle T, Drepper T, Jaeger K, Loeschcke A. Exploring engineered vesiculation by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for natural product biosynthesis. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14312. [PMID: 37435812 PMCID: PMC10832525 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas species have become promising cell factories for the production of natural products due to their inherent robustness. Although these bacteria have naturally evolved strategies to cope with different kinds of stress, many biotechnological applications benefit from engineering of optimised chassis strains with specially adapted tolerance traits. Here, we explored the formation of outer membrane vesicles (OMV) of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. We found OMV production to correlate with the recombinant production of a natural compound with versatile beneficial properties, the tripyrrole prodigiosin. Further, several P. putida genes were identified, whose up- or down-regulated expression allowed controlling OMV formation. Finally, genetically triggering vesiculation in production strains of the different alkaloids prodigiosin, violacein, and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, as well as the carotenoid zeaxanthin, resulted in up to three-fold increased product yields. Consequently, our findings suggest that the construction of robust strains by genetic manipulation of OMV formation might be developed into a useful tool which may contribute to improving limited biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Lisa Bitzenhofer
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Carolin Höfel
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Stephan Thies
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Andrea Jeanette Weiler
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christian Eberlein
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)LeipzigGermany
| | - Hermann J. Heipieper
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)LeipzigGermany
| | - Renu Batra‐Safferling
- Institute of Biological Information Processing – Structural Biochemistry (IBI‐7: Structural Biochemistry)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Pia Sundermeyer
- Ernst‐Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER‐C‐3/Structural Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
- Institute for Biological Information Processing 6 (IBI‐6/ Structural Cellular Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Thomas Heidler
- Ernst‐Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER‐C‐3/Structural Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
- Institute for Biological Information Processing 6 (IBI‐6/ Structural Cellular Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst‐Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER‐C‐3/Structural Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
- Institute for Biological Information Processing 6 (IBI‐6/ Structural Cellular Biology)Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
- Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Tobias Busche
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec)Bielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
- Bielefeld University, Medical School East Westphalia‐LippeBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec)Bielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Thomke Belthle
- DWI─Leibniz‐Institute for Interactive MaterialsAachenGermany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl‐Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences IBG‐1: BiotechnologyForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET)Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
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Scheeder A, Brockhoff M, Ward EN, Kaminski Schierle GS, Mela I, Kaminski CF. Molecular Mechanisms of Cationic Fusogenic Liposome Interactions with Bacterial Envelopes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28240-28250. [PMID: 38085801 PMCID: PMC10755748 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Although fusogenic liposomes offer a promising approach for the delivery of antibiotic payloads across the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria, there is still a limited understanding of the individual nanocarrier interactions with the bacterial target. Using super-resolution microscopy, we characterize the interaction dynamics of positively charged fusogenic liposomes with Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. The liposomes merge with the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, while attachment or lipid internalization is observed in Gram-positive cells. Employing total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrated liposome fusion with model supported lipid bilayers. For whole E. coli cells, however, we observed heterogeneous membrane integrations, primarily involving liposome attachment and hemifusion events. With increasing lipopolysaccharide length, the likelihood of full-fusion events was reduced. The integration of artificial lipids into the OM of Gram-negative cells led to membrane destabilization, resulting in decreased bacterial vitality, membrane detachment, and improved codelivery of vancomycin─an effective antibiotic against Gram-positive cells. These findings provide significant insights into the interactions of individual nanocarriers with bacterial envelopes at the single-cell level, uncovering effects that would be missed in bulk measurements. This highlights the importance of conducting single-particle and single-cell investigations to assess the performance of next-generation drug delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scheeder
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Marius Brockhoff
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Edward N. Ward
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Gabriele S. Kaminski Schierle
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K.
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
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Bril’kov MS, Stenbakk V, Jakubec M, Vasskog T, Kristoffersen T, Cavanagh JP, Ericson JU, Isaksson J, Flaten GE. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: towards realistic models for bacterial membranes in molecular interaction studies by surface plasmon resonance. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1277963. [PMID: 38152113 PMCID: PMC10751319 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1277963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One way to mitigate the ongoing antimicrobial resistance crisis is to discover and develop new classes of antibiotics. As all antibiotics at some point need to either cross or just interact with the bacterial membrane, there is a need for representative models of bacterial membranes and efficient methods to characterize the interactions with novel molecules -both to generate new knowledge and to screen compound libraries. Since the bacterial cell envelope is a complex assembly of lipids, lipopolysaccharides, membrane proteins and other components, constructing relevant synthetic liposome-based models of the membrane is both difficult and expensive. We here propose to let the bacteria do the hard work for us. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are naturally secreted by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, playing a role in communication between bacteria, as virulence factors, molecular transport or being a part of the antimicrobial resistance mechanism. bEVs consist of the bacterial outer membrane and thus inherit many components and properties of the native outer cell envelope. In this work, we have isolated and characterized bEVs from one Escherichia coli mutant and three clinical strains of the ESKAPE pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bEVs were shown to be representative models for the bacterial membrane in terms of lipid composition with speciesstrain specific variations. The bEVs were further used to probe the interactions between bEV and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as model compounds by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and provide proof-of-principle that bEVs can be used as an easily accessible and highly realistic model for the bacterial surface in interaction studies. This further enables direct monitoring of the effect induced by antibiotics, or the response to host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim S. Bril’kov
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Victoria Stenbakk
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Martin Jakubec
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Terje Vasskog
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tone Kristoffersen
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jorunn Pauline Cavanagh
- Pediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johanna U. Ericson
- Research Group for Host Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Cao X, van Putten JP, Wösten MM. Campylobacter jejuni benefits from the bile salt deoxycholate under low-oxygen condition in a PldA dependent manner. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2262592. [PMID: 37768138 PMCID: PMC10540661 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2262592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteric bacteria need to adapt to endure the antibacterial activities of bile salts in the gut. Phospholipase A (PldA) is a key enzyme in the maintenance of bacterial membrane homeostasis. Bacteria respond to stress by modulating their membrane composition. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of human worldwide. However, the mechanism by which C. jejuni adapts and survives in the gut environment is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of PldA, bile salt sodium deoxycholate (DOC), and oxygen availability in C. jejuni biology, mimicking an in vivo situation. Growth curves were used to determine the adaptation of C. jejuni to bile salts. RNA-seq and functional assays were employed to investigate the PldA-dependent and DOC-induced changes in gene expression that influence bacterial physiology. Survival studies were performed to address oxidative stress defense in C. jejuni. Here, we discovered that PldA of C. jejuni is required for optimal growth in the presence of bile salt DOC. Under high oxygen conditions, DOC is toxic to C. jejuni, but under low oxygen conditions, as is present in the lumen of the gut, C. jejuni benefits from DOC. C. jejuni PldA seems to enable the use of iron needed for optimal growth in the presence of DOC but makes the bacterium more vulnerable to oxidative stress. In conclusion, DOC stimulates C. jejuni growth under low oxygen conditions and alters colony morphology in a PldA-dependent manner. C. jejuni benefits from DOC by upregulating iron metabolism in a PldA-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Cao
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos P.M. van Putten
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc M.S.M. Wösten
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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37
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Kanno M, Shiota T, Ueno S, Takahara M, Haneda K, Tahara YO, Shintani M, Nakao R, Miyata M, Kimbara K, Futamata H, Tashiro Y. Identification of genes involved in enhanced membrane vesicle formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: surface sensing facilitates vesiculation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1252155. [PMID: 38107868 PMCID: PMC10722149 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1252155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are small spherical structures (20-400 nm) produced by most bacteria and have important biological functions including toxin delivery, signal transfer, biofilm formation, and immunomodulation of the host. Although MV formation is enhanced in biofilms of a wide range of bacterial species, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. An opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causes chronic infections that can be difficult to treat due to biofilm formation. Since MVs are abundant in biofilms, can transport virulence factors to the host, and have inflammation-inducing functions, the mechanisms of enhanced MV formation in biofilms needs to be elucidated to effectively treat infections. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of MVs in P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms, and identified factors that contribute to enhanced MV formation. Vesiculation was significantly enhanced in the static culture; MVs were connected to filamentous substances in the biofilm, and separation between the outer and inner membranes and curvature of the membrane were observed in biofilm cells. By screening a transposon mutant library (8,023 mutants) for alterations in MV formation in biofilms, 66 mutants were identified as low-vesiculation strains (2/3 decrease relative to wild type), whereas no mutant was obtained that produced more MVs (twofold increase). Some transposons were inserted into genes related to biofilm formation, including flagellar motility (flg, fli, and mot) and extracellular polysaccharide synthesis (psl). ΔpelAΔpslA, which does not synthesize the extracellular polysaccharides Pel and Psl, showed reduced MV production in biofilms but not in planktonic conditions, suggesting that enhanced vesiculation is closely related to the synthesis of biofilm matrices in P. aeruginosa. Additionally, we found that blebbing occurred during bacterial attachment. Our findings indicate that biofilm-related factors are closely involved in enhanced MV formation in biofilms and that surface sensing facilitates vesiculation. Furthermore, this work expands the understanding of the infection strategy in P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Kanno
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Shiota
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - So Ueno
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Minato Takahara
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Keisuke Haneda
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei O. Tahara
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Shintani
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryoma Nakao
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyata
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Kimbara
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Futamata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tashiro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- JST PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan
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38
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Bitzenhofer NL, Classen T, Jaeger KE, Loeschcke A. Biotransformation Of l-Tryptophan To Produce Arcyriaflavin A With Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300576. [PMID: 37743253 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural products such as indolocarbazoles are a valuable source of highly bioactive compounds with numerous potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Arcyriaflavin A, isolated from marine invertebrates and slime molds, is one representative of this group and acts as a cyclin D1-cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor. To date, access to this compound has mostly relied on multi-step total synthesis. In this study, biosynthetic access to arcyriaflavin A was explored using recombinant Pseudomonas putida KT2440 based on a previously generated producer strain. We used a Design of Experiment approach to analyze four key parameters, which led to the optimization of the bioprocess. By engineering the formation of outer membrane vesicles and using an adsorbent in the culture broth, we succeeded to increase the yield of arcyriaflavin A in the cell-free supernatant, resulting in a nearly eight-fold increase in the overall production titers. Finally, we managed to scale up the bioprocess leading to a final yield of 4.7 mg arcyriaflavin A product isolated from 1 L of bacterial culture. Thus, this study showcases an integrative approach to improve biotransformation and moreover also provides starting points for further optimization of indolocarbazole production in P. putida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Lisa Bitzenhofer
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf located at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Building 15.8, 52426, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thomas Classen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1): Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Stetternicher Forst, Building 15.8, 52426, Jülich, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf located at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Building 15.8, 52426, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1): Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Stetternicher Forst, Building 15.8, 52426, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology (IMET), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf located at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Stetternicher Forst, Building 15.8, 52426, Jülich, Germany
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39
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Soto Perezchica MM, Guerrero Barrera AL, Avelar Gonzalez FJ, Quezada Tristan T, Macias Marin O. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, surface proteins and virulence: a review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1276712. [PMID: 38098987 PMCID: PMC10720984 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1276712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) is a globally distributed Gram-negative bacterium that produces porcine pleuropneumonia. This highly contagious disease produces high morbidity and mortality in the swine industry. However, no effective vaccine exists to prevent it. The infection caused by App provokes characteristic lesions, such as edema, inflammation, hemorrhage, and necrosis, that involve different virulence factors. The colonization and invasion of host surfaces involved structures and proteins such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), pili, flagella, adhesins, outer membrane proteins (OMPs), also participates proteases, autotransporters, and lipoproteins. The recent findings on surface structures and proteins described in this review highlight them as potential immunogens for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M. Soto Perezchica
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Alma L. Guerrero Barrera
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Avelar Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Teodulo Quezada Tristan
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinaria, Centro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Osvaldo Macias Marin
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
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40
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Sheikh A, Zechmann B, Sayes CM, Taube JH, Greathouse KL. A preparation of bacterial outer membrane with osmium tetroxide and uranyl acetate co-stain enables improved structural determination by transmission electron microscopy. Microscopy (Oxf) 2023; 72:515-519. [PMID: 37148329 PMCID: PMC10673695 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological nanoparticles, such as bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), are routinely characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study, we report a novel method to prepare OMVs for TEM imaging. To preserve vesicular shape and structure, we developed a dual fixation protocol involving osmium tetroxide incubation prior to negative staining with uranyl acetate. Combining osmium tetroxide with uranyl acetate resulted in preservation of sub-50 nm vesicles and improved morphological stability, enhancing characterization of lipid-based nanoparticles by TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Sheikh
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Bernd Zechmann
- Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Joseph H Taube
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - K Leigh Greathouse
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97046, Waco, TX 76798, USA
- Nutrition Sciences, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97311, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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41
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Grasekamp KP, Beaud Benyahia B, Taib N, Audrain B, Bardiaux B, Rossez Y, Izadi-Pruneyre N, Lejeune M, Trivelli X, Chouit Z, Guerardel Y, Ghigo JM, Gribaldo S, Beloin C. The Mla system of diderm Firmicute Veillonella parvula reveals an ancestral transenvelope bridge for phospholipid trafficking. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7642. [PMID: 37993432 PMCID: PMC10665443 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
E. coli and most other diderm bacteria (those with two membranes) have an inner membrane enriched in glycerophospholipids (GPLs) and an asymmetric outer membrane (OM) containing GPLs in its inner leaflet and primarily lipopolysaccharides in its outer leaflet. In E. coli, this lipid asymmetry is maintained by the Mla system which consists of six proteins: the OM lipoprotein MlaA extracts GPLs from the outer leaflet, and the periplasmic chaperone MlaC transfers them across the periplasm to the inner membrane complex MlaBDEF. However, GPL trafficking still remains poorly understood, and has only been studied in a handful of model species. Here, we investigate GPL trafficking in Veillonella parvula, a diderm Firmicute with an Mla system that lacks MlaA and MlaC, but contains an elongated MlaD. V. parvula mla mutants display phenotypes characteristic of disrupted lipid asymmetry which can be suppressed by mutations in tamB, supporting that these two systems have opposite GPL trafficking functions across diverse bacterial lineages. Structural modelling and subcellular localisation assays suggest that V. parvula MlaD forms a transenvelope bridge, comprising a typical inner membrane-localised MCE domain and, in addition, an outer membrane ß-barrel. Phylogenomic analyses indicate that this elongated MlaD type is widely distributed across diderm bacteria and likely forms part of the ancestral functional core of the Mla system, which would be composed of MlaEFD only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrie P Grasekamp
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Basile Beaud Benyahia
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Evolutionary Biology of the Microbial Cell Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Najwa Taib
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Evolutionary Biology of the Microbial Cell Laboratory, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Bianca Audrain
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Bardiaux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Structural Bioinformatics Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacterial Transmembrane Systems Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Rossez
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Nadia Izadi-Pruneyre
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Structural Bioinformatics Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacterial Transmembrane Systems Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
| | - Maylis Lejeune
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Structural Bioinformatics Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bacterial Transmembrane Systems Unit, CNRS UMR 3528, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Trivelli
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Université d'Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Zina Chouit
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Yann Guerardel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Jean-Marc Ghigo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France
| | - Simonetta Gribaldo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Evolutionary Biology of the Microbial Cell Laboratory, Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Beloin
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Genetics of Biofilms Laboratory, Paris, France.
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Płaczkiewicz J, Gieczewska K, Musiałowski M, Adamczyk-Popławska M, Bącal P, Kwiatek A. Availability of iron ions impacts physicochemical properties and proteome of outer membrane vesicles released by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18733. [PMID: 37907530 PMCID: PMC10618220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are bilayer structures released by bacteria for various purposes, e.g., response to environmental factors, bacterial communication, and interactions with host cells. One of the environmental variables bacteria need to react is the amount and availability of iron, a crucial element for bacteria biology. We have investigated the impact of the iron amount and availability on OMV secretion by pathogenic Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which, depending on the infection site, challenges different iron availability. N. gonorrhoeae releases OMVs in iron starvation and repletion growth environments. However, OMVs differed in physicochemical features and proteome according to iron amount and availability during the bacteria growth, as was analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Infrared spectroscopy with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and Atomic Force Microscopy. OMVs from iron starvation and repletion conditions had a higher variation in size, different flexibility, and different membrane protein and lipid components than OMVs isolated from control growth conditions. These OMVs also varied qualitatively and quantitatively in their total proteome composition and contained proteins unique for iron starvation and repletion conditions. Thus, the modulation of OMVs' properties seems to be a part of N. gonorrhoeae adaptation to surroundings and indicates a new direction of antigonococcal proceeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Płaczkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Ophthalmic Biology Group, Warsaw, Poland, 01-230
| | - Katarzyna Gieczewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Experimental Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 02-096
| | - Marcin Musiałowski
- Department of Geomicrobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 02-096
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Popławska
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Bącal
- Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, 00-818
| | - Agnieszka Kwiatek
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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43
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Pennetzdorfer N, Popescu MC, Haddock NL, Dupuy F, Kaber G, Hargil A, Johansson PK, Enejder A, Bollyky PL. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles bound to bacteriophages modulate neutrophil responses to bacterial infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1250339. [PMID: 37965262 PMCID: PMC10641230 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1250339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major human pathogen, particularly effective at colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. Bacteriophages are highly abundant at infection sites, but their impact on mammalian immunity remains unclear. We previously showed that Pf4, a temperate filamentous bacteriophage produced by P. aeruginosa, modifies the innate immune response to P. aeruginosa infections via TLR3 signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. Notably, Pf4 is a single-stranded DNA and lysogenic phage, and its production does not typically result in lysis of its bacterial host. We identified previously that internalization of Pf4 by human or murine immune cells triggers maladaptive viral pattern recognition receptors and resulted in bacterial persistence based on the presence of phage RNA. We report now that Pf4 phage dampens inflammatory responses to bacterial endotoxin and that this is mediated in part via bacterial vesicles attached to phage particles. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are produced by Gram-negative bacteria and play a key role in host pathogen interaction. Recently, evidence has emerged that OMVs differentially package small RNAs. In this study, we show that Pf4 are decorated with OMVs that remain affixed to Pf4 despite of purification steps. These phages are endocytosed by human cells and delivered to endosomal vesicles. We demonstrate that short RNAs within the OMVs form hairpin structures that trigger TLR3-dependent type I interferon production and antagonize production of antibacterial cytokines and chemokines. In particular, Pf4 phages inhibit CXCL5, preventing efficient neutrophil chemotaxis in response to endotoxin. Moreover, blocking IFNAR or TLR3 signaling abrogates the effect of Pf4 bound to OMVs on macrophage activation. In a murine acute pneumonia model, mice treated with Pf4 associated with OMVs show significantly less neutrophil infiltration in BAL fluid than mice treated with purified Pf4. These changes in macrophage phenotype are functionally relevant: conditioned media from cells exposed to Pf4 decorated with OMVs are significantly less effective at inducing neutrophil migration in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that Pf4 phages alter innate immunity to bacterial endotoxin and OMVs, potentially dampening inflammation at sites of bacterial colonization or infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Pennetzdorfer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Medeea C. Popescu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Naomi L. Haddock
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Fannie Dupuy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) University, Paris, France
| | - Gernot Kaber
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Aviv Hargil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Patrik K. Johansson
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Annika Enejder
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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44
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Jiang Y, Zhou Z, Liu C, Wang L, Li C. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles as drug delivery carrier for photodynamic anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2023; 11:1284292. [PMID: 37915541 PMCID: PMC10616255 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1284292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an effective tumor treatment strategy that not only induces photocytotoxicity to kill tumor cells directly but also activates the immune system in the body to generate tumor-specific immunity, preventing cancer metastasis and recurrence. However, some limitations of PDT limit the therapeutic efficacy in deep tumors. Previous studies have used different types of nanoparticles (NPs) as drug carriers of photosensitizers (PSs) to overcome the shortcomings of PDT and improve therapeutic efficacy. Among them, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have natural advantages as carriers for PS delivery. In addition to the targeted delivery of PSs into tumor cells, their unique immunogenicity helps them to serve as immune adjuvants to enhance the PDT-induced immune effect, providing new ideas for photodynamic anticancer therapy. Therefore, in this review, we will introduce the biogenesis and anticancer functions of OMVs and the research on them as drug delivery carriers in PDT. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and prospects of OMVs as a versatile drug delivery carrier for photodynamic anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - ZunZhen Zhou
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chongzhi Liu
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
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Jiang Y, Gao H, Wang L, Hu W, Wang G, Wang S. Quorum sensing-activated phenylalanine metabolism drives OMV biogenesis to enhance mosquito commensal colonization resistance to Plasmodium. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1655-1667.e6. [PMID: 37738984 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota and its symbiotic relationship with the host are crucial for preventing pathogen infection. However, little is known about the mechanisms that drive commensal colonization. Serratia bacteria, commonly found in Anopheles mosquitoes, potentially mediate mosquito resistance to Plasmodium. Using S. ureilytica Su_YN1 as a model, we show that a quorum sensing (QS) circuit is crucial for stable colonization. After blood ingestion, the QS synthase SueI generates the signaling molecule N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL). Once C6-HSL binds to the QS receptor SueR, repression of the phenylalanine-to-acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) conversion pathway is lifted. This pathway regulates outer membrane vesicle (OMV) biogenesis and promotes Serratia biofilm-like aggregate formation, facilitating gut adaptation and colonization. Notably, exposing Serratia Su_YN1-carrying Anopheles mosquitoes to C6-HSL increases Serratia gut colonization and enhances Plasmodium transmission-blocking efficacy. These findings provide insights into OMV biogenesis and commensal gut colonization and identify a powerful strategy for enhancing commensal resistance to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqian Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guandong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sibao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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46
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Xu Y, Xie C, Liu Y, Qin X, Liu J. An update on our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial membrane vesicles: discovery, functions, and applications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1273813. [PMID: 37860067 PMCID: PMC10582989 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1273813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles released from cells into the extracellular environment, and are separated from eukaryotic cells, bacteria, and other organisms with cellular structures. EVs alter cell communication by delivering their contents and performing various functions depending on their cargo and release into certain environments or other cells. The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and were previously thought to be unable to produce EVs. However, recent studies have demonstrated that Gram-positive bacterial EVs are crucial for health and disease. In this review, we have summarized the formation, composition, and characteristics of the contents, resistance to external stress, participation in immune regulation, and other functions of Gram-positive bacterial EVs, as well as their application in clinical diagnosis and treatment, to provide a new perspective to further our understanding of Gram-positive bacterial EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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47
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Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Emerging nanoplatforms for biomedical applications. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106308. [PMID: 37595812 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanosized lipid bilayers generated from membranes that are filled with components derived from bacteria. BEVs are important for the physiology, pathogenicity, and interactions between bacteria and their hosts as well. BEVs represent an important mechanism of transport and interaction between cells. Recent advances in biomolecular nanotechnology have enabled the desired properties to be engineered on the surface of BEVs and decoration with desired and diverse biomolecules and nanoparticles, which have potential biomedical applications. BEVs have been the focus of various fields, including nanovaccines, therapeutic agents, and drug delivery vehicles. In this review, we delineate the fundamental aspects of BEVs, including their biogenesis, cargo composition, function, and interactions with host cells. We comprehensively summarize the factors influencing the biogenesis of BEVs. We further highlight the importance of the isolation, purification, and characterization of BEVs because they are essential processes for potential benefits related to host-microbe interactions. In addition, we address recent advancements in BEVs in biomedical applications. Finally, we provide conclusions and future perspectives as well as highlight the remaining challenges of BEVs for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Rathinam Techzone Campus, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea.
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48
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Huang J, Wang X, Wang Z, Deng L, Wang Y, Tang Y, Luo L, Leung ELH. Extracellular vesicles as a novel mediator of interkingdom communication. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 73:173-184. [PMID: 37634980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles secreted from almost all types of cells including bacteria, mammals and plants, and are presumed to be mediators of intercellular communication. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are nanoparticles with diverse diameters, ranging from 20 to 400 nm. BEVs are composed of soluble microbial metabolites, including nucleic acid, proteins, lipoglycans, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In addition, EVs may contain quorum sensing peptides that are endowed with the ability to protect bacteria against bacteriophages, form and maintain bacterial communities, and modulate the host immune system. BEVs are potentially promising therapeutic modalities for use in vaccine development, cancer immunotherapy regimens, and drug delivery cargos. Plant-derived EVs (PEVs), such as EVs derived from herbal medicines, can be absorbed by the gut microbiota and influence the composition and homeostasis of gut microbiota. This review highlights the roles of BEVs and PEVs in bacterial and plant physiology and discusses crosstalk among gut bacteria, host metabolism and herbal medicine. In summary, EVs represent crucial communication messengers in the gut microbiota, with potential therapeutic value in the delivery of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Huang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universty of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xuanrun Wang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universty of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universty of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Liyan Deng
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universty of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao Special Administrative Region of China.
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49
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Ayesha A, Chow FWN, Leung PHM. Role of Legionella pneumophila outer membrane vesicles in host-pathogen interaction. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1270123. [PMID: 37817751 PMCID: PMC10561282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen that inhabits artificial water systems and can be transmitted to human hosts by contaminated aerosols. Upon inhalation, it colonizes and grows inside the alveolar macrophages and causes Legionnaires' disease. To effectively control and manage Legionnaires' disease, a deep understanding of the host-pathogen interaction is crucial. Bacterial extracellular vesicles, particularly outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have emerged as mediators of intercellular communication between bacteria and host cells. These OMVs carry a diverse cargo, including proteins, toxins, virulence factors, and nucleic acids. OMVs play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis by helping bacteria in colonization, delivering virulence factors into host cells, and modulating host immune responses. This review highlights the role of OMVs in the context of host-pathogen interaction shedding light on the pathogenesis of L. pneumophila. Understanding the functions of OMVs and their cargo provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets and interventions for combating Legionnaires' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Polly Hang-Mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Fordjour E, Bai Z, Li S, Li S, Sackey I, Yang Y, Liu CL. Improved Membrane Permeability via Hypervesiculation for In Situ Recovery of Lycopene in Escherichia coli. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2725-2739. [PMID: 37607052 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene biosynthesis is frequently hampered by downstream processing hugely due to its inability to be secreted out from the producing chassis. Engineering cell factories can resolve this issue by secreting this hydrophobic compound. A highly permeable E. coli strain was developed for a better release rate of lycopene. Specifically, the heterologous mevalonate pathway and crtEBI genes from Corynebacterium glutamicum were overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for lycopene synthesis. To ensure in situ lycopene production, murein lipoprotein, lipoprotein NlpI, inner membrane permease protein, and membrane-anchored protein in TolA-TolQ-TolR were deleted for improved membrane permeability. The final strain, LYC-8, produced 438.44 ± 8.11 and 136.94 ± 1.94 mg/L of extracellular and intracellular lycopene in fed-batch fermentation. Both proteomics and lipidomics analyses of secreted outer membrane vesicles were perfect indicators of hypervesiculation. Changes in the ratio of saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, and cyclopropane fatty acids coupled with the branching and acyl chain lengths altered the membrane fatty acid composition. This ensured membrane fluidity and permeability for in situ lycopene release. The combinatorial deletion of these genes altered the cellular morphology. The structural and morphological changes in cell shape, size, and length were associated with changes in the mechanical strength of the cell envelope. The enhanced lycopene production and secretion mediated by improved membrane permeability established a cell lysis-free system for an efficient releasing rate and downstream processing, demonstrating the importance of vesicle-associated membrane permeability in efficient lycopene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Fordjour
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sihan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shijie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Isaac Sackey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL1350, NT-0272-1946 Tamale, Ghana
| | - Yankun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chun-Li Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation, and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Centre for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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