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Debs SR, Rothmond DA, Zhu Y, Weickert CS, Purves-Tyson TD. Molecular evidence of altered stress responsivity related to neuroinflammation in the schizophrenia midbrain. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 177:118-128. [PMID: 39004003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Stress and inflammation are risk factors for schizophrenia. Chronic psychosocial stress is associated with subcortical hyperdopaminergia, a core feature of schizophrenia. Hyperdopaminergia arises from midbrain neurons, leading us to hypothesise that changes in stress response pathways may occur in this region. To identify whether transcriptional changes in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (NR3C1/GR, NR3C2/MR) or other stress signalling molecules (FKBP4, FKBP5) exist in schizophrenia midbrain, we measured gene expression in the human brain (N = 56) using qRT-PCR. We assessed whether alterations in these mRNAs were related to previously identified high/low inflammatory status. We investigated relationships between stress-related transcripts themselves, and between FKBP5 mRNA, dopaminergic, and glial cell transcripts in diagnostic and inflammatory subgroups. Though unchanged by diagnosis, GR mRNA levels were reduced in high inflammatory compared to low inflammatory schizophrenia cases (p = 0.026). We found no effect of diagnosis or inflammation on MR mRNA. FKBP4 mRNA was decreased and FKBP5 mRNA was increased in schizophrenia (p < 0.05). FKBP5 changes occurred in high inflammatory (p < 0.001), whereas FKBP4 changes occurred in low inflammatory schizophrenia cases (p < 0.05). The decrease in mRNA encoding the main stress receptor (GR), as well as increased transcript levels of the stress-responsive negative regulator (FKBP5), may combine to blunt the midbrain response to stress in schizophrenia when neuroinflammation is present. Negative correlations between FKBP5 mRNA and dopaminergic transcripts in the low inflammatory subgroup suggest higher levels of FKBP5 mRNA may also attenuate dopaminergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia even when inflammation is absent. We report alterations in GR-mediated stress signalling in the midbrain in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Debs
- Preclinical Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Debora A Rothmond
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
| | - Yunting Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Tertia D Purves-Tyson
- Preclinical Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
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2
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Hudock J, Kenney JW. Aging in zebrafish is associated with reduced locomotor activity and strain dependent changes in bottom dwelling and thigmotaxis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300227. [PMID: 38696419 PMCID: PMC11065237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a wide range of physiological and behavioral changes in many species. Zebrafish, like humans, rodents, and birds, exhibits gradual senescence, and thus may be a useful model organism for identifying evolutionarily conserved mechanisms related to aging. Here, we compared behavior in the novel tank test of young (6-month-old) and middle aged (12-month-old) zebrafish from two strains (TL and TU) and both sexes. We find that this modest age difference results in a reduction in locomotor activity in male fish. We also found that background strain modulated the effects of age on predator avoidance behaviors related to anxiety: older female TL fish increased bottom dwelling whereas older male TU fish decreased thigmotaxis. Although there were no consistent effects of age on either short-term (within session) or long-term (next day) habituation to the novel tank, strain affected the habituation response. TL fish tended to increase their distance from the bottom of the tank whereas TU fish had no changes in bottom distance but instead tended to increase thigmotaxis. Our findings support the use of zebrafish for the study of how age affects locomotion and how genetics interacts with age and sex to alter exploratory and emotional behaviors in response to novelty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Hudock
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Justin W. Kenney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
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3
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Carver AJ, Hing B, Elser BA, Lussier SJ, Yamanashi T, Howard MA, Kawasaki H, Shinozaki G, Stevens HE. Correlation of telomere length in brain tissue with peripheral tissues in living human subjects. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1303974. [PMID: 38516039 PMCID: PMC10954899 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1303974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are important to chromosomal stability, and changes in their length correlate with disease, potentially relevant to brain disorders. Assessing telomere length in human brain is invasive, but whether peripheral tissue telomere length correlates with that in brain is not known. Saliva, buccal, blood, and brain samples were collected at time points before, during, and after subjects undergoing neurosurgery (n = 35) for intractable epilepsy. DNA was isolated from samples and average telomere length assessed by qPCR. Correlations of telomere length between tissue samples were calculated across subjects. When data were stratified by sex, saliva telomere length correlated with brain telomere length in males only. Buccal telomere length correlated with brain telomere length when males and females were combined. These findings indicate that in living subjects, telomere length in peripheral tissues variably correlates with that in brain and may be dependent on sex. Peripheral tissue telomere length may provide insight into brain telomere length, relevant to assessment of brain disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie J. Carver
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin Hing
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Elser
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Biostatistics Graduate Program, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Takehiko Yamanashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Matthew A. Howard
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gen Shinozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hanna E. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Hawk-Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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4
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Vellingiri B, Balasubramani K, Iyer M, Raj N, Elangovan A, Song K, Yeo HC, Jayakumar N, Kinoshita M, Thangarasu R, Narayanasamy A, Dayem AA, Prajapati VK, Gopalakrishnan AV, Cho SG. Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Parkinson's Disease-A New Theranostics? Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300097. [PMID: 37590305 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex condition that is significantly influenced by oxidative stress and inflammation. It is also suggested that telomere shortening (TS) is regulated by oxidative stress which leads to various diseases including age-related neurodegenerative diseases like PD. Thus, it is anticipated that PD would result in TS of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Telomeres protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes preserving them against fusion and destruction. The TS is a normal process because DNA polymerase is unable to replicate the linear ends of the DNA due to end replication complications and telomerase activity in various cell types counteracts this process. PD is usually observed in the aged population and progresses over time therefore, disparities among telomere length in PBMCs of PD patients are recorded and it is still a question whether it has any useful role. Here, the likelihood of telomere attrition in PD and its implications concerning microglia activation, ageing, oxidative stress, and the significance of telomerase activators are addressed. Also, the possibility of telomeres and telomerase as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in PD is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Kiruthika Balasubramani
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Neethu Raj
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Ajay Elangovan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Kwonwoo Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Molecular and Cellular Reprogramming Center and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Cheol Yeo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Molecular and Cellular Reprogramming Center and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Namitha Jayakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641006, India
| | - Masako Kinoshita
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Utano National Hospital, Ondoyama-Cho, Narutaki, Ukyo-Ku, Kyoto, 616-8255, Japan
| | - Ravimanickam Thangarasu
- Department of Zoology, School of Science, Tamil Nadu Open University, Saidapet, Chennai, 600015, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Molecular and Cellular Reprogramming Center and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Molecular and Cellular Reprogramming Center and Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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Cai Y, Guo H, Zhou J, Zhu G, Qu H, Liu L, Shi T, Ge S, Qu Y. An alternative extension of telomeres related prognostic model to predict survival in lower grade glioma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13575-13589. [PMID: 37515613 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The alternative extension of the telomeres (ALT) mechanism is activated in lower grade glioma (LGG), but the role of the ALT mechanism has not been well discussed. The primary purpose was to demonstrate the significance of the ALT mechanism in prognosis estimation for LGG patients. METHOD Gene expression and clinical data of LGG patients were collected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, respectively. ALT-related genes obtained from the TelNet database and potential prognostic genes related to ALT were selected by LASSO regression to calculate an ALT-related risk score. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to construct a prognosis signature, and a nomogram was used to represent this signature. Possible pathways of the ALT-related risk score are explored by enrichment analysis. RESULT The ALT-related risk score was calculated based on the LASSO regression coefficients of 22 genes and then divided into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median. The ALT-related risk score is an independent predictor of LGG (HR and 95% CI in CGGA cohort: 5.70 (3.79, 8.58); in TCGA cohort: 1.96 (1.09, 3.54)). ROC analysis indicated that the model contained ALT-related risk score was superior to conventional clinical features (AUC: 0.818 vs 0.729) in CGGA cohorts. The results in the TCGA cohort also shown a powerful ability of ALT-related risk score (AUC: 0.766 vs 0.691). The predicted probability and actual probability of the nomogram are consistent. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that the ALT mechanism was involved in the cell cycle, DNA repair, immune processes, and others. CONCLUSION ALT-related risk score based on the 22-gene is an important factor in predicting the prognosis of LGG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - JinPeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Hongwen Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Shunnan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.
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6
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Ochi S, Roy B, Prall K, Shelton RC, Dwivedi Y. Strong associations of telomere length and mitochondrial copy number with suicidality and abuse history in adolescent depressed individuals. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3920-3929. [PMID: 37735501 PMCID: PMC10730407 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular senescence/aging is associated with psychiatric illness, including depression, in adults. The present study examined if the relationships of telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), two critical indicators of cellular senescence/aging, are altered in depressed adolescents and whether these alterations are associated with suicidality, early-life adversities, and other co-occuring factors. In genomic DNA isolated from 53 adolescents (ages 16-19, 19 MDD with suicide attempt/suicidal ideation [MDD + SI/SA], 14 MDD without SA/SI [MDD-SI/SA], and 20 healthy controls [HC]), TL and mtDNAcn were measured as the ratio between the number of telomere repeats and that of a single-copy nuclear-hemoglobin [HBG] gene or the amount of mtDNA (NADH dehydrogenase, subunit 1) relative to HBG. Our data show that TL was significantly lower, and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the total MDD group than HC. TL was significantly lower and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the MDD + SA/SI group than in the HC, whereas there were no differences in the MDD-SI/SA group. TL was positively correlated with mtDNAcn in both HC and MDD-SA/SI groups; however, TL was negatively correlated with mtDNAcn in MDD + SA/SI. Furthermore, TL was negatively correlated with the severity of both depression and anxiety, while mtDNAcn was positively correlated with the severity of prior emotional abuse. Our study indicates that cellular senescence is more advanced in depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and that childhood emotional abuse may participate in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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7
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Schreglmann SR, Goncalves T, Grant-Peters M, Kia DA, Soreq L, Ryten M, Wood NW, Bhatia KP, Tomita K. Age-related telomere attrition in the human putamen. Aging Cell 2023:e13861. [PMID: 37129365 PMCID: PMC10352551 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Shortening of leucocyte telomeres with advancing age, arguably a measure of "biological" age, is a known phenomenon and epidemiologically correlated with age-related disease. The main mechanism of telomere shortening is cell division, rendering telomere length in post-mitotic cells presumably stable. Longitudinal measurement of human brain telomere length is not feasible, and cross-sectional cortical brain samples so far indicated no attrition with age. Hence, age-related changes in telomere length in the brain and the association between telomere length and neurodegenerative diseases remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mean telomere length in the putamen, a part of the basal ganglia, physiologically shortens with age, like leukocyte telomeres. This was achieved by using matched brain and leukocyte-rich spleen samples from 98 post-mortem healthy human donors. Using spleen telomeres as a reference, we further found that mean telomere length was brain region-specific, as telomeres in the putamen were significantly shorter than in the cerebellum. Expression analyses of genes involved in telomere length regulation and oxidative phosphorylation revealed that both region- and age-dependent expression pattern corresponded with region-dependent telomere length dynamics. Collectively, our results indicate that mean telomere length in the human putamen physiologically shortens with advancing age and that both local and temporal gene expression dynamics correlate with this, pointing at a potential mechanism for the selective, age-related vulnerability of the nigro-striatal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian R Schreglmann
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomas Goncalves
- Chromosome Maintenance Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Grant-Peters
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Demis A Kia
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lilach Soreq
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mina Ryten
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kazunori Tomita
- Chromosome Maintenance Group, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
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8
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Liu MY, Wei LL, Zhu XH, Ding HC, Liu XH, Li H, Li YY, Han Z, Li LD, Du ZW, Zhou YP, Zhang J, Meng F, Tang YL, Liu X, Wang C, Zhou QG. Prenatal stress modulates HPA axis homeostasis of offspring through dentate TERT independently of glucocorticoids receptor. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1383-1395. [PMID: 36481932 PMCID: PMC10005958 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In response to stressful events, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated, and consequently glucocorticoids are released by the adrenal gland into the blood circulation. A large body of research has illustrated that excessive glucocorticoids in the hippocampus exerts negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis through glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is critical for the homeostasis of the HPA axis. Maternal prenatal stress causes dysfunction of the HPA axis feedback mechanism in their offspring in adulthood. Here we report that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene knockout causes hyperactivity of the HPA axis without hippocampal GR deficiency. We found that the level of TERT in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus during the developmental stage determines the responses of the HPA axis to stressful events in adulthood through modulating the excitability of the dentate granular cells (DGCs) rather than the expression of GR. Our study also suggests that the prenatal high level of glucocorticoids exposure-induced hypomethylation at Chr13:73764526 in the first exon of mouse Tert gene accounted for TERT deficiency in the DG and HPA axis abnormality in the adult offspring. This study reveals a novel GR-independent mechanism underlying prenatal stress-associated HPA axis impairment, providing a new angle for understanding the mechanisms for maintaining HPA axis homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua-Chen Ding
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore.,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian-Di Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Lin Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qi-Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,The Key Center of Gene Technology Drugs of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Lorenzo EC, Kuchel GA, Kuo CL, Moffitt TE, Diniz BS. Major depression and the biological hallmarks of aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101805. [PMID: 36410621 PMCID: PMC9772222 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by psychological and physiological manifestations contributing to the disease severity and outcome. In recent years, several lines of evidence have suggested that individuals with MDD have an elevated risk of age-related adverse outcomes across the lifespan. This review provided evidence of a significant overlap between the biological abnormalities in MDD and biological changes commonly observed during the aging process (i.e., hallmarks of biological aging). Based on such evidence, we formulate a mechanistic model showing how abnormalities in the hallmarks of biological aging can be a common denominator and mediate the elevated risk of age-related health outcomes commonly observed in MDD. Finally, we proposed a roadmap for novel studies to investigate the intersection between the biology of aging and MDD, including the use of geroscience-guided interventions, such as senolytics, to delay or improve major depression by targeting biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica C Lorenzo
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Kuo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom; PROMENTA Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Breno S Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
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10
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Cai Y, Song W, Li J, Jing Y, Liang C, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhang W, Liu B, An Y, Li J, Tang B, Pei S, Wu X, Liu Y, Zhuang CL, Ying Y, Dou X, Chen Y, Xiao FH, Li D, Yang R, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Li Y, Ma S, Wang S, Song X, Ren J, Zhang L, Wang J, Zhang W, Xie Z, Qu J, Wang J, Xiao Y, Tian Y, Wang G, Hu P, Ye J, Sun Y, Mao Z, Kong QP, Liu Q, Zou W, Tian XL, Xiao ZX, Liu Y, Liu JP, Song M, Han JDJ, Liu GH. The landscape of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2354-2454. [PMID: 36066811 PMCID: PMC9446657 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive deterioration of physiological integrity, leading to impaired functional ability and ultimately increased susceptibility to death. It is a major risk factor for chronic human diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological degeneration, and cancer. Therefore, the growing emphasis on "healthy aging" raises a series of important questions in life and social sciences. In recent years, there has been unprecedented progress in aging research, particularly the discovery that the rate of aging is at least partly controlled by evolutionarily conserved genetic pathways and biological processes. In an attempt to bring full-fledged understanding to both the aging process and age-associated diseases, we review the descriptive, conceptual, and interventive aspects of the landscape of aging composed of a number of layers at the cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and organismal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Song
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Jing
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chuqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yongpan An
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Baixue Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Siyu Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xueying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cheng-Le Zhuang
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xuefeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yujing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400062, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Gelin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ping Hu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Tian
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiong Xiao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Jun-Ping Liu
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University Faculty of Medicine, Prahran, Victoria, 3181, Australia.
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, and Monash University Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia.
| | - Moshi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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11
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Vaurs M, Audry J, Runge KW, Géli V, Coulon S. A proto-telomere is elongated by telomerase in a shelterin-dependent manner in quiescent fission yeast cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:11682-11695. [PMID: 36330920 PMCID: PMC9723628 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere elongation is coupled with genome replication, raising the question of the repair of short telomeres in post-mitotic cells. We investigated the fate of a telomere-repeat capped end that mimics a single short telomere in quiescent fission yeast cells. We show that telomerase is able to elongate this single short telomere during quiescence despite the binding of Ku to the proto-telomere. While Taz1 and Rap1 repress telomerase in vegetative cells, both shelterin proteins are required for efficient telomere extension in quiescent cells, underscoring a distinct mode of telomerase control. We further show that Rad3ATR and Tel1ATM are redundantly required for telomere elongation in quiescence through the phosphorylation of Ccq1 and that Rif1 and its associated-PP1 phosphatases negatively regulate telomerase activity by opposing Ccq1 phosphorylation. The distinct mode of telomerase regulation in quiescent fission yeast cells may be relevant to that in human stem and progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélina Vaurs
- CNRS, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Marseille, F-13009, France
| | - Julien Audry
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kurt W Runge
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vincent Géli
- CNRS, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Marseille, F-13009, France
| | - Stéphane Coulon
- CNRS, INSERM, Aix Marseille Univ, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Marseille, F-13009, France
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12
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Mamdani F, Weber MD, Bunney B, Burke K, Cartagena P, Walsh D, Lee FS, Barchas J, Schatzberg AF, Myers RM, Watson SJ, Akil H, Vawter MP, Bunney WE, Sequeira A. Identification of potential blood biomarkers associated with suicide in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:159. [PMID: 35422091 PMCID: PMC9010430 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicides have increased to over 48,000 deaths yearly in the United States. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common diagnosis among suicides, and identifying those at the highest risk for suicide is a pressing challenge. The objective of this study is to identify changes in gene expression associated with suicide in brain and blood for the development of biomarkers for suicide. Blood and brain were available for 45 subjects (53 blood samples and 69 dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) samples in total). Samples were collected from MDD patients who died by suicide (MDD-S), MDDs who died by other means (MDD-NS) and non-psychiatric controls. We analyzed gene expression using RNA and the NanoString platform. In blood, we identified 14 genes which significantly differentiated MDD-S versus MDD-NS. The top six genes differentially expressed in blood were: PER3, MTPAP, SLC25A26, CD19, SOX9, and GAR1. Additionally, four genes showed significant changes in brain and blood between MDD-S and MDD-NS; SOX9 was decreased and PER3 was increased in MDD-S in both tissues, while CD19 and TERF1 were increased in blood but decreased in DLPFC. To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze matched blood and brain samples in a well-defined population of MDDs demonstrating significant differences in gene expression associated with completed suicide. Our results strongly suggest that blood gene expression is highly informative to understand molecular changes in suicide. Developing a suicide biomarker signature in blood could help health care professionals to identify subjects at high risk for suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoza Mamdani
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Matthieu D. Weber
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Blynn Bunney
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Kathleen Burke
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Preston Cartagena
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - David Walsh
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Francis S. Lee
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | - Jack Barchas
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | - Alan F. Schatzberg
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Richard M. Myers
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Stanley J. Watson
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Huda Akil
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Marquis P. Vawter
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - William E. Bunney
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Adolfo Sequeira
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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13
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Feng L, Xing H, Zhang K. The therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in depression: Targeting adult hippocampal neurogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153980. [PMID: 35152089 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by persistent sadness and lack of interest or pleasure in previously rewarding or enjoyable activities. Understandably, the causes of depression are complex. Nevertheless, the understanding of depression pathophysiology has progressed considerably and numerous studies indicate that hippocampal neurogenesis plays a pivotal role. However, no drugs specifically targeting hippocampal neurogenesis yet exist. Meanwhile, the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on hippocampal neurogenesis have received increasing attention in the field of antidepressant treatment because of its multi-ingredient, multi-target, and holistic view. However, the effects and mechanisms of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in clinical trials and pharmaceutical studies remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE To summarize the importance of hippocampal neurogenesis in depression and illustrate the targets and mechanisms of hippocampal neurogenesis regulation that underlie the antidepressant effects of TCM. METHOD A systematic review of clinical trials and studies ending by January 2022 was performed across eight electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, SciFinder, Research Gate, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus and China Knowledge Infrastructure) according to the PRISMA criteria, using the search terms 'traditional Chinese medicine' "AND" 'depression' "OR" 'hippocampal neurogenesis' "OR" 'multi-ingredient' "OR" 'multi-target'. RESULTS Numerous studies show that hippocampal neurogenesis is attenuated in depression, and that antidepressants act by enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, compound Chinese medicine (CCM), Chinese meteria medica (CMM), and major bioactive components (MBCs) can promote hippocampal neurogenesis exerting antidepressant effects through modulation of neurotransmitters and receptors, neurotrophins, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammatory factors, autophagy, and gut microbiota. CONCLUSION We have comprehensively summarized the effect and mechanism of TCM on hippocampal neurogenesis in depression providing a unique perspective on the use of TCM in the antidepressant field. TCM has the characteristics and advantages of multiple targets and high efficacy, showing great potential in the field of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Tianjin UBasio Biotechnology Group, Tianjin 300457, China.
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14
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Birkenæs V, Elvsåshagen T, Westlye LT, Høegh MC, Haram M, Werner MCF, Quintana DS, Lunding SH, Martin-Ruiz C, Agartz I, Djurovic S, Steen NE, Andreassen OA, Aas M. Telomeres are shorter and associated with number of suicide attempts in affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:1032-1039. [PMID: 34706411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorter telomere length is a putative biomarker of accelerated aging and has been associated with affective disorders and mortality. Psychological factors and behaviors associated with telomere shortening are yet to be clarified. Here, we investigate the association between history of suicide attempts and telomere length in patients with affective disorders. METHODS Leucocyte telomere length was determined by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in patients with affective disorders (n = 248) including bipolar disorders type I (n = 159), type II (n = 67), major depressive disorder (n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 401). Diagnosis, duration of illness, and age at onset were assessed using the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Number of lifetime suicide attempts were based on self-reports. Effect size was calculated using Cohen's d. RESULTS Telomere length was reduced in patients with affective disorders relative to healthy controls (d = 0.18, F = 5.26, p = 0.02). Among patients, a higher number of suicide attempts was associated with shorter telomere length (β = -0.24, t = -3.83, CI = -0.44 to -0.14, p < 0.001), also when controlling for duration of illness and age at onset (β = -.23, CI = -.42 to -.12, p = 0.001). Multiple suicide attempts were associated with telomere length reduction comparable to eight years lifespan, adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS While longitudinal data are needed to clarify the temporal course, previous suicide attempts and related distress may accelerate telomere shortening and aging in patients with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Birkenæs
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margrethe C Høegh
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Haram
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Maren C F Werner
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Synve H Lunding
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility-CAV; Ageing Research Laboratories, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, UK
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica Aas
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Norway.
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15
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Schroder JD, de Araújo JB, de Oliveira T, de Moura AB, Fries GR, Quevedo J, Réus GZ, Ignácio ZM. Telomeres: the role of shortening and senescence in major depressive disorder and its therapeutic implications. Rev Neurosci 2021; 33:227-255. [PMID: 34388328 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorders, with a large number of patients not showing an effective therapeutic response to available treatments. Several biopsychosocial factors, such as stress in childhood and throughout life, and factors related to biological aging, may increase the susceptibility to MDD development. Included in critical biological processes related to aging and underlying biological mechanisms associated with MDD is the shortening of telomeres and changes in telomerase activity. This comprehensive review discusses studies that assessed the length of telomeres or telomerase activity and function in peripheral blood cells and brain tissues of MDD individuals. Also, results from in vitro protocols and animal models of stress and depressive-like behaviors were included. We also expand our discussion to include the role of telomere biology as it relates to other relevant biological mechanisms, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, inflammation, genetics, and epigenetic changes. In the text and the discussion, conflicting results in the literature were observed, especially considering the size of telomeres in the central nervous system, on which there are different protocols with divergent results in the literature. Finally, the context of this review is considering cell signaling, transcription factors, and neurotransmission, which are involved in MDD and can be underlying to senescence, telomere shortening, and telomerase functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Daniela Schroder
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Julia Beatrice de Araújo
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Tacio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Airam Barbosa de Moura
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Rodrigo Fries
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Translational Psychiatry Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA.,Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 1941 East Road, BBSB 3142, Houston77054, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Zuleide Maria Ignácio
- Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Rodovia SC 484 - Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Postal Code: 89815-899Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Av. Universitária, 1105 - Bairro Universitário Postal Code: 88806-000Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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16
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Zhu L, Liu Y, Wu X, Ren Y, Zhang Q, Ren L, Guo Y. Cerebroprotein hydrolysate-I protects senescence-induced by D-galactose in PC12 cells and mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3722-3731. [PMID: 34262731 PMCID: PMC8269606 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebroprotein hydrolysate-I (CH-I),a mixture of peptides extracted from porcine brain tissue,has shown a neuroprotective effect, but its role in brain senescence is unclear. In the present study, we established a senescence model of PC12 cells and mice to investigate the effect of CH-I on brain senescence via JAK2/STAT3 pathway. The results showed that CH-I could improve cell viability, inhibit the apoptosis of cells, and reduce the senescence-positive cells induced by D-galactose. In vivo, CH-I improved the learning ability and memory of aging mice, reduced neuronal damage in mice hippocampus. Mechanism studies showed that CH-I could adjust BDNF protein expressions, activate JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and finally enhance telomerase activity. All these findings indicated that CH-I showed a neuroprotective effect against brain senescence. These results might provide further reference and support for the application of CH-I in delaying aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular DiseasesTaishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong ProvinceMedical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yingjuan Liu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular DiseasesTaishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong ProvinceMedical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular DiseasesTaishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong ProvinceMedical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yuqian Ren
- Institute of Cerebrovascular DiseasesTaishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong ProvinceMedical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of NeurologyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJinanChina
| | - Leiming Ren
- Institute of Chinese Integrative MedicineHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular DiseasesTaishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong ProvinceMedical Research CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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17
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Abel ME, Zhang X, Asah SM, Wolfinger A, McCullumsmith RE, O'Donovan SM. KEOPS complex expression in the frontal cortex in major depression and schizophrenia. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:446-455. [PMID: 32914678 PMCID: PMC8005497 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1821917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, the presence of a complete five subunit Kinase, Endopeptidase and Other Proteins of small Size (KEOPS) complex was confirmed in humans. The highly conserved KEOPS protein complex has established roles in tRNA modification, protein translation and telomere homeostasis in yeast, but little is known about KEOPS mRNA expression and function in human brain and disease. Here, we characterise KEOPS expression in post-mortem tissue from subjects diagnosed with major depression (MDD) and schizophrenia and assess whether KEOPS is associated with telomere length dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disorders. METHODS We assessed mRNA expression of KEOPS complex subunits TP53RK, TPRKB, GON7, LAGE3, OSGEP, and OSGEP mitochondrial ortholog OSGEPL1 in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of subjects with MDD, schizophrenia and matched non-psychiatrically ill controls (n = 20 per group) using qPCR. We conducted bioinformatic analysis using Kaleidoscope, data mining post-mortem transcriptomic datasets to characterise KEOPS expression in human brain. Finally, we assayed relative telomere length in the DLPFC using a qPCR-based assay and carried out correlation analysis with KEOPS subunit mRNA expression to determine if the KEOPS complex is associated with telomere length dysregulation in neuropsychiatric disorders. RESULTS There were no significant changes in KEOPS mRNA expression in the DLPFC in MDD or schizophrenia compared to non-psychiatrically ill controls. Relative telomere length was not significantly altered in MDD or schizophrenia, nor was there an association between relative telomere length and KEOPS subunit gene expression in these subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to describe KEOPS complex expression in post-mortem brain and neuropsychiatric disorders. KEOPS subunit mRNA expression is not significantly altered in the DLPFC in MDD or schizophrenia. Unlike in yeast, the KEOPS complex does not appear to play a role in telomere length regulation in humans or in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie E Abel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Sophie M Asah
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Alyssa Wolfinger
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Robert E McCullumsmith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- Neurosciences Institute, Promedica, Toledo, OH, USA
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18
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Franke K, Bublak P, Hoyer D, Billiet T, Gaser C, Witte OW, Schwab M. In vivo biomarkers of structural and functional brain development and aging in humans. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 117:142-164. [PMID: 33308708 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a major determinant of aging. Along with the aging population, prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, therewith placing economic and social burden on individuals and society. Individual rates of brain aging are shaped by genetics, epigenetics, and prenatal environmental. Biomarkers of biological brain aging are needed to predict individual trajectories of aging and the risk for age-associated neurological impairments for developing early preventive and interventional measures. We review current advances of in vivo biomarkers predicting individual brain age. Telomere length and epigenetic clock, two important biomarkers that are closely related to the mechanistic aging process, have only poor deterministic and predictive accuracy regarding individual brain aging due to their high intra- and interindividual variability. Phenotype-related biomarkers of global cognitive function and brain structure provide a much closer correlation to age at the individual level. During fetal and perinatal life, autonomic activity is a unique functional marker of brain development. The cognitive and structural biomarkers also boast high diagnostic specificity for determining individual risks for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Franke
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - P Bublak
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - D Hoyer
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - C Gaser
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - O W Witte
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - M Schwab
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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19
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Pousa PA, Souza RM, Melo PHM, Correa BHM, Mendonça TSC, Simões-e-Silva AC, Miranda DM. Telomere Shortening and Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:1423. [PMID: 34200513 PMCID: PMC8227190 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are aging biomarkers, as they shorten while cells undergo mitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether psychiatric disorders marked by psychological distress lead to alterations to telomere length (TL), corroborating the hypothesis that mental disorders might have a deeper impact on our physiology and aging than it was previously thought. A systematic search of the literature using MeSH descriptors of psychological distress ("Traumatic Stress Disorder" or "Anxiety Disorder" or "depression") and telomere length ("cellular senescence", "oxidative stress" and "telomere") was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect databases. A total of 56 studies (113,699 patients) measured the TL from individuals diagnosed with anxiety, depression and posttraumatic disorders and compared them with those from healthy subjects. Overall, TL negatively associates with distress-related mental disorders. The possible underlying molecular mechanisms that underly psychiatric diseases to telomere shortening include oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction linking. It is still unclear whether psychological distress is either a cause or a consequence of telomere shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A. Pousa
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Raquel M. Souza
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Paulo Henrique M. Melo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Bernardo H. M. Correa
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Tamires S. C. Mendonça
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil; (P.A.P.); (R.M.S.); (P.H.M.M.); (B.H.M.C.); (T.S.C.M.); (A.C.S.-e.-S.)
| | - Débora M. Miranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30130-100, Brazil
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20
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Pathak GA, Wendt FR, Levey DF, Mecca AP, van Dyck CH, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. Pleiotropic effects of telomere length loci with brain morphology and brain tissue expression. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1360-1370. [PMID: 33831179 PMCID: PMC8255129 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and neuropsychiatric disorders. Although telomere length is affected by environmental factors, genetic variants in certain loci are strongly associated with LTL. Thus, we aimed to identify the genomic relationship between genetic variants of LTL with brain-based regulatory changes and brain volume. We tested genetic colocalization of seven and nine LTL loci in two ancestry groups, European (EUR) and East-Asian (EAS), respectively, with brain morphology measures for 101 T1-magnetic resonance imaging-based region of interests (n = 21 821). The posterior probability (>90%) was observed for 'fourth ventricle', 'gray matter' and 'cerebellar vermal lobules I-IV' volumes. We then tested causal relationship using LTL loci for gene and methylation expression. We found causal pleiotropy for gene (EAS = four genes; EUR = five genes) and methylation expression (EUR = 17 probes; EAS = 4 probes) of brain tissues (P ≤ 2.47 × 10-6). Integrating chromatin profiles with LTL-single nucleotide polymorphisms identified 45 genes (EUR) and 79 genes (EAS) (P ≤ 9.78×10-7). We found additional 38 LTL-genes using chromatin-based gene mapping for EUR ancestry population. Gene variants in three LTL-genes-GPR37, OBFC1 and RTEL1/RTEL1-TNFRSF6B-show convergent evidence of pleiotropy with brain morphology, gene and methylation expression and chromatin association. Mapping gene functions to drug-gene interactions, we identified process 'transmission across chemical synapses' (P < 2.78 × 10-4). This study provides evidence that genetic variants of LTL have pleiotropic roles with brain-based effects that could explain the phenotypic association of LTL with several neuropsychiatric traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Adam P Mecca
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Christopher H van Dyck
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Alzheimer’s Disease Research Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06551, USA,Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: VA CT 116A2, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. Tel: +1 2039375711 ext. 5745; Fax: +1 2039373897;
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21
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Yuan N, Tang K, Da X, Gan H, He L, Li X, Ma Q, Chen J. Integrating Clinical and Genomic Analyses of Hippocampal-Prefrontal Circuit Disorder in Depression. Front Genet 2021; 11:565749. [PMID: 33613615 PMCID: PMC7893101 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.565749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent, devastating and recurrent mental disease. Hippocampus (HIP)-prefrontal cortex (PFC) neural circuit abnormalities have been confirmed to exist in MDD; however, the gene-related molecular features of this circuit in the context of depression remain unclear. To clarify this issue, we performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to comprehensively analyze the genetic characteristics of the two brain regions and used weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to determine the main depression-related gene modules in the HIP-PFC network. To clarify the regional differences and consistency for MDD, we also compared the expression patterns and molecular functions of the key modules from the two brain regions. The results showed that candidate modules related to clinical MDD of HIP and PFC, which contained with 363 genes and 225 genes, respectively. Ninety-five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the HIP candidate module, and 51 DEGs were identified in the PFC candidate module, with only 11 overlapping DEGs in these two regional modules. Combined with the enrichment results, although there is heterogeneity in the molecular functions in the HIP-PFC network of depression, the regulation of the MAPK cascade, Ras protein signal transduction and Ephrin signaling were significantly enriched in both brain regions, indicating that these biological pathways play important roles in MDD pathogenesis. Additionally, the high coefficient protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via STRING, and the top-10 coefficient genes were identified as hub genes via the cytoHubba algorithm. In summary, the present study reveals the gene expression characteristics of MDD and identifies common and unique molecular features and patterns in the HIP-PFC network. Our results may provide novel clues from the gene function perspective to explain the pathogenic mechanism of depression and to aid drug development. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to investigate the genetic regulation mechanisms of different neural networks in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijun Yuan
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kairui Tang
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Da
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Gan
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang He
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Ma
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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22
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Evans JR, Torres-Pérez JV, Miletto Petrazzini ME, Riley R, Brennan CH. Stress reactivity elicits a tissue-specific reduction in telomere length in aging zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sci Rep 2021; 11:339. [PMID: 33431974 PMCID: PMC7801459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in personality are associated with variation in healthy aging. Health behaviours are often cited as the likely explanation for this association; however, an underlying biological mechanism may also exist. Accelerated leukocyte telomere shortening is implicated in multiple age-related diseases and is associated with chronic activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, providing a link between stress-related personality differences and adverse health outcomes. However, the effects of the HPA axis are tissue specific. Thus, leukocyte telomere length may not accurately reflect telomere length in disease-relevant tissues. Here, we examined the correlation between stress reactivity and telomere length in heart and brain tissue in young (6-9 month) and aging (18 month) zebrafish. Stress reactivity was assessed by tank diving and through gene expression. Telomere length was assessed using quantitative PCR. We show that aging zebrafish have shorter telomeres in both heart and brain. Telomere length was inversely related to stress reactivity in heart but not brain of aging individuals. These data support the hypotheses that an anxious predisposition contributes to accelerated telomere shortening in heart tissue, which may have important implications for our understanding of age-related heart disease, and that stress reactivity contributes to age-related telomere shortening in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Evans
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Jose V. Torres-Pérez
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS UK ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Riva Riley
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Caroline H. Brennan
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Rd, London, E1 4NS UK
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23
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Palmos AB, Duarte RRR, Smeeth DM, Hedges EC, Nixon DF, Thuret S, Powell TR. Telomere length and human hippocampal neurogenesis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:2239-2247. [PMID: 32920596 PMCID: PMC7784985 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Short telomere length is a risk factor for age-related disease, but it is also associated with reduced hippocampal volumes, age-related cognitive decline and psychiatric disorder risk. The current study explored whether telomere shortening might have an influence on cognitive function and psychiatric disorder pathophysiology, via its hypothesised effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We modelled telomere shortening in human hippocampal progenitor cells in vitro using a serial passaging protocol that mimics the end-replication problem. Serially passaged progenitors demonstrated shorter telomeres (P ≤ 0.05), and reduced rates of cell proliferation (P ≤ 0.001), with no changes in the ability of cells to differentiate into neurons or glia. RNA-sequencing and gene-set enrichment analyses revealed an effect of cell ageing on gene networks related to neurogenesis, telomere maintenance, cell senescence and cytokine production. Downregulated transcripts in our model showed a significant overlap with genes regulating cognitive function (P ≤ 1 × 10-5), and risk for schizophrenia (P ≤ 1 × 10-10) and bipolar disorder (P ≤ 0.005). Collectively, our results suggest that telomere shortening could represent a mechanism that moderates the proliferative capacity of human hippocampal progenitors, which may subsequently impact on human cognitive function and psychiatric disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alish B. Palmos
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo R. R. Duarte
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Demelza M. Smeeth
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Erin C. Hedges
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas F. Nixon
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Timothy R. Powell
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY USA
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24
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Potential roles of telomeres and telomerase in neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1060-1078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Effects chronic administration of corticosterone and estrogen on HPA axis activity and telomere length in brain areas of female rats. Brain Res 2020; 1750:147152. [PMID: 33049239 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is related to the acceleration of telomere shortening. Recent work showed a correlation between chronic psychosocial stress and reduced telomere length in certain cells. The exposure of T lymphocytes to cortisol promoted a significant reduction in telomerase activity. Although stress can promote changes in telomere length, whether increased glucocorticoid concentrations alter telomere length in brain tissue cells is unclear. In addition to modulating the activity of the stress system, estrogen also influences telomere length. The objective of this study was to verify whether chronic exposure to glucocorticoids promotes changes in the telomere length of encephalic areas involved in the control of HPA axis activity and whether estrogen affects these changes. Wistar rats were ovariectomized and treated with estradiol cypionate [(50 or 100 μg/kg, subcutaneously)] or oil and 20 mg/kg corticosterone or vehicle (isotonic saline with 2% Tween 80, subcutaneously) for 28 days. On the day after the end of the hormonal treatment, the animals were euthanized for collection of blood, brain and pituitary gland samples. Estrogen modulated the activity of the HPA axis. CRH, AVP and POMC mRNA levels were reduced by estrogen. At least in doses and treatment time used, there was no correlation between effects of exposure to glucocorticoids and estrogen on telomere length in the brain areas of female rats. However, estrogen treatment reduced the telomere length in the central amygdala and dorsal hippocampus, but not in the PVN, indicating a variation of reaction of telomeres for estrogen in different brain areas.
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Berger T, Lee H, Young AH, Aarsland D, Thuret S. Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:803-818. [PMID: 32418723 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression and dementia are major public health problems. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) reciprocally elevate the risk for one another. No effective drug is available to treat AD and about one-third of depressive patients show treatment resistance. The biological connection between MDD and AD is still unclear. Uncovering this link might open novel ways of treatment and prevention to improve patient healthcare. Here, we discuss recent studies specifically on the role of human adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in MDD and AD. We compare diverse approaches to analyse the effect of MDD and AD on human AHN and analyse different studies implicating the role of human AHN as a potential converging mechanism in MDD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berger
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hyunah Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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27
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Fries GR, Bauer IE, Scaini G, Valvassori SS, Walss-Bass C, Soares JC, Quevedo J. Accelerated hippocampal biological aging in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2020; 22:498-507. [PMID: 31746071 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests accelerated aging mechanisms in bipolar disorder (BD), including DNA methylation (DNAm) aging in blood. However, it is unknown whether such mechanisms are also evident in the brain, in particular in association with other biological clocks. To investigate this, we interrogated genome-wide DNAm in postmortem hippocampus from 32 BD-I patients and 32 non-psychiatric controls group-matched for age and sex from the NIMH Human Brain Collection Core. METHODS DNAm age and epigenetic aging acceleration were estimated using the Horvath method. Telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number were quantified by real-time PCR. Between-group differences were assessed by linear regression and univariate general linear models with age, sex, race, postmortem interval, tissue pH, smoking, and body mass index included as co-variates. RESULTS Groups did not differ for epigenetic aging acceleration when considering the entire sample. However, after splitting the sample by the median age, an epigenetic aging acceleration was detected in patients compared to controls among older subjects (P = .042). While TL did not differ between groups, a reduction in mtDNA copy number was observed in patients compared to controls (P = .047). In addition, significant correlations were observed between epigenetic aging acceleration and TL (r = -.337, P = .006), as well as between TL and mtDNA copy number (r = .274, P = .028). CONCLUSIONS Hippocampal aging may underlie neurocognitive dysfunctions observed in BD patients. Moreover, our results suggest a complex cross-talk between biological clocks in hippocampus that may underlie clinical manifestations of premature aging in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Isabelle E Bauer
- Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jair C Soares
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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28
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Levstek T, Kozjek E, Dolžan V, Trebušak Podkrajšek K. Telomere Attrition in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:219. [PMID: 32760251 PMCID: PMC7373805 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere attrition is increased in various disorders and is therefore a potential biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis of these disorders. The contribution of telomere attrition in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders is yet to be fully elucidated. We are reviewing the current knowledge regarding the telomere biology in two common neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Furthermore, we are discussing future prospective of telomere research in these disorders. The majority of studies reported consistent evidence of the accelerated telomere attrition in AD patients, possibly in association with elevated oxidative stress levels. On the other hand in PD, various studies reported contradictory evidence regarding telomere attrition. Consequently, due to the low specificity and sensitivity, the clinical benefit of telomere length as a biomarker of neurodegenerative disease development and progression is not yet recognized. Nevertheless, longitudinal studies in large carefully selected cohorts might provide further elucidation of the complex involvement of the telomeres in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Telomere length maintenance is a complex process characterized by environmental, genetic, and epigenetic determinants. Thus, in addition to the selection of the study cohort, also the selection of analytical methods and types of biological samples for evaluation of the telomere attrition is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Levstek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eva Kozjek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Trebušak Podkrajšek
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Clinical Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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29
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Olescowicz G, Sampaio TB, de Paula Nascimento-Castro C, Brocardo PS, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS. Protective Effects of Agmatine Against Corticosterone-Induced Impairment on Hippocampal mTOR Signaling and Cell Death. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:319-329. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Le-Niculescu H, Roseberry K, Levey DF, Rogers J, Kosary K, Prabha S, Jones T, Judd S, McCormick MA, Wessel AR, Williams A, Phalen PL, Mamdani F, Sequeira A, Kurian SM, Niculescu AB. Towards precision medicine for stress disorders: diagnostic biomarkers and targeted drugs. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:918-938. [PMID: 30862937 PMCID: PMC7192849 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological fingerprint of environmental adversity may be key to understanding health and disease, as it encompasses the damage induced as well as the compensatory reactions of the organism. Metabolic and hormonal changes may be an informative but incomplete window into the underlying biology. We endeavored to identify objective blood gene expression biomarkers for psychological stress, a subjective sensation with biological roots. To quantify the stress perception at a particular moment in time, we used a simple visual analog scale for life stress in psychiatric patients, a high-risk group. Then, using a stepwise discovery, prioritization, validation, and testing in independent cohort design, we were successful in identifying gene expression biomarkers that were predictive of high-stress states and of future psychiatric hospitalizations related to stress, more so when personalized by gender and diagnosis. One of the top biomarkers that survived discovery, prioritization, validation, and testing was FKBP5, a well-known gene involved in stress response, which serves as a de facto reassuring positive control. We also compared our biomarker findings with telomere length (TL), another well-established biological marker of psychological stress and show that newly identified predictive biomarkers such as NUB1, APOL3, MAD1L1, or NKTR are comparable or better state or trait predictors of stress than TL or FKBP5. Over half of the top predictive biomarkers for stress also had prior evidence of involvement in suicide, and the majority of them had evidence in other psychiatric disorders, providing a molecular underpinning for the effects of stress in those disorders. Some of the biomarkers are targets of existing drugs, of potential utility in patient stratification, and pharmacogenomics approaches. Based on our studies and analyses, the biomarkers with the best overall convergent functional evidence (CFE) for involvement in stress were FKBP5, DDX6, B2M, LAIR1, RTN4, and NUB1. Moreover, the biomarker gene expression signatures yielded leads for possible new drug candidates and natural compounds upon bioinformatics drug repurposing analyses, such as calcium folinate and betulin. Our work may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment for stress disorders such as PTSD, that result in decreased quality of life and adverse outcomes, including addictions, violence, and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Le-Niculescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - K Roseberry
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - K Kosary
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Prabha
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - T Jones
- Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Judd
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M A McCormick
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A R Wessel
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A Williams
- Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - P L Phalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - F Mamdani
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A Sequeira
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - S M Kurian
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A B Niculescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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31
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Fries GR, Zamzow MJ, Andrews T, Pink O, Scaini G, Quevedo J. Accelerated aging in bipolar disorder: A comprehensive review of molecular findings and their clinical implications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 112:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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32
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Sawamura D, Narita H, Hashimoto N, Nakagawa S, Hamaguchi H, Fujima N, Kudo K, Shirato H, Tha KK. Microstructural Alterations in Bipolar and Major Depressive Disorders: A Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:1187-1196. [PMID: 32329208 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying structural and functional abnormalities in bipolar (BD) and major depressive disorders (MDD) is important for understanding biological processes. HYPOTHESIS Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) may be able to detect the brain's microstructural alterations in BD and MDD and any differences between the two. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS In all, 16 BD patients, 19 MDD patients, and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE DKI at 3.0T. ASSESSMENT The major DKI indices of the brain were compared voxel-by-voxel among the three groups. Significantly different voxels were tested for correlation with clinical variables (ie, Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS], 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [17-HDRS], Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, total disease duration, duration of current episode, and the number of past manic/depressive episodes). The performance of the DKI indices in identifying microstructural alterations was estimated. STATISTICAL TESTS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for group comparison of DKI indices. The performance of these indices in detecting microstructural alterations was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Pearson's product-moment correlation analyses were used to test the correlations of these indices with clinical variables. RESULTS DKI revealed widespread microstructural alterations across the brain in each disorder (P < 0.05). Some were significantly different between the two disorders. Mean kurtosis (MK) in the gray matter of the right inferior parietal lobe was able to distinguish BD and MDD with an accuracy of 0.906. A strong correlation was revealed between MK in that region and YMRS in BD patients (r = -0.641, corrected P = 0.042) or 17-HDRS in MDD patients (r = -0.613, corrected P = 0.030). There were also strong correlations between a few other DKI indices and disease duration (r = -0.676 or 0.626, corrected P < 0.05). DATA CONCLUSION DKI detected microstructural brain alterations in BD and MDD. Its indices may be useful to distinguish the two disorders or to reflect disease severity and duration. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1187-1196.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Biomarker Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Functioning and Disability, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narita
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shin Nakagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hamaguchi
- Department of Biomarker Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Radiological Technology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujima
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kohsuke Kudo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shirato
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Khin K Tha
- Department of Biomarker Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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33
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Chan RF, Turecki G, Shabalin AA, Guintivano J, Zhao M, Xie LY, van Grootheest G, Kaminsky ZA, Dean B, Penninx BW, Aberg KA, van den Oord EJ. Cell Type-Specific Methylome-wide Association Studies Implicate Neurotrophin and Innate Immune Signaling in Major Depressive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:431-442. [PMID: 31889537 PMCID: PMC9933050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to characterize methylation changes in brain and blood associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). As analyses of bulk tissue may obscure association signals and hamper the biological interpretation of findings, these changes were studied on a cell type-specific level. METHODS In 3 collections of human postmortem brain (n = 206) and 1 collection of blood samples (N = 1132) of MDD cases and controls, we used epigenomic deconvolution to perform cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies within subpopulations of neurons/glia for the brain data and granulocytes/T cells/B cells/monocytes for the blood data. Sorted neurons/glia from a fourth postmortem brain collection (n = 58) were used for validation purposes. RESULTS Cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies identified multiple findings in neurons/glia that were detected across brain collections and were reproducible in physically sorted nuclei. Cell type-specific analyses in blood samples identified methylome-wide significant associations in T cells, monocytes, and whole blood that replicated findings from a past methylation study of MDD. Pathway analyses implicated p75 neurotrophin receptor/nerve growth factor signaling and innate immune toll-like receptor signaling in MDD. Top results in neurons, glia, bulk brain, T cells, monocytes, and whole blood were enriched for genes supported by genome-wide association studies for MDD and other psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS We both replicated and identified novel MDD-methylation associations in human brain and blood samples at a cell type-specific level. Our results provide mechanistic insights into how the immune system may interact with the brain to affect MDD susceptibility. Importantly, our findings involved associations with MDD in human samples that implicated many closely related biological pathways. These disease-linked sites and pathways represent promising new therapeutic targets for MDD.
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34
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Shukla R, Oh H, Sibille E. Molecular and Cellular Evidence for Age by Disease Interactions: Updates and Path Forward. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28:237-247. [PMID: 31285153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of age-associated gene expression changes shows that the brain engages a specific set of genes and biologic pathways along a continuous life-long trajectory and that these genes and pathways overlap with those associated with brain-related disorders. Based on this correlative observation, we have suggested a model of age-by-disease interaction by which brain ageing promotes biologic changes associated with diseases and where deviations from expected age-related trajectories, due to biologic and environmental factors, contribute to defining disease risk or resiliency. In this review, we first evaluate various biomarkers that can be used to study age-by-disease interactions and then focus on transcriptome analysis (i.e., the set of all expressed genes) as a useful tool to explore this interaction. Using the specific example of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor-associated genes, we then describe molecular events and mechanisms potentially contributing to age-by-disease interactions. Finally, we suggest that long-term biologic adaptations within distinct cellular components of cortical microcircuits, as determined by transcriptome analysis, may integrate and mediate the effects of ageing and diseases. Moving forward, we suggest that analysis of transcriptome similarities between ageing and small molecule-induced system perturbations may lead to novel therapeutics discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rammohan Shukla
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hyunjung Oh
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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35
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Shoeb M, Mustafa GM, Kodali VK, Smith K, Roach KA, Boyce G, Meighan T, Roberts JR, Erdely A, Antonini JM. A possible relationship between telomere length and markers of neurodegeneration in rat brain after welding fume inhalation exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 180:108900. [PMID: 31711660 PMCID: PMC6899181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of welding fume (WF) can result in the deposition of toxic metals, such as manganese (Mn), in the brain and may cause neurological changes in exposed workers. Alterations in telomere length are indicative of cellular aging and, possibly, neurodegeneration. Here, we investigated the effect of WF inhalation on telomere length and markers of neurodegeneration in whole brain tissue in rats. Male Fischer-344 (F-344) rats were exposed by inhalation to stainless steel WF (20 mg/m3 x 3 h/d x 4 d/wk x 5 wk) or filtered air (control). Telomere length, DNA-methylation, gene expression of Trf1, Trf2, ATM, and APP, protein expression of p-Tau, α-synuclein, and presenilin 1 and 2 were assessed in whole brain tissue at 12 wk after WF exposure ended. Results suggest that WF inhalation increased telomere length without affecting telomerase in whole brain. Moreover, we observed that components of the shelterin complex, Trf1 and Trf2, play an important role in telomere end protection, and their regulation may be responsible for the increase in telomere length. In addition, expression of different neurodegeneration markers, such as p-Tau, presenilin 1-2 and α-synuclein proteins, were increased in brain tissue from the WF-exposed rats as compared to control. These findings suggest a possible correlation between epigenetic modifications, telomere length alteration, and neurodegeneration because of the presence of factors in serum after WF exposure that may cause extra-pulmonary effects as well as the translocation of potentially neurotoxic metals associated with WF to the central nervous system (CNS). Further studies are needed to investigate the brain region specificity and temporal response of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shoeb
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
| | - Gul M Mustafa
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Vamsi K Kodali
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Kelly Smith
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Katherine A Roach
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Gregory Boyce
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Terence Meighan
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Jenny R Roberts
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - James M Antonini
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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Nudelman KNH, McDonald BC, Lahiri DK, Saykin AJ. Biological Hallmarks of Cancer in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7173-7187. [PMID: 30993533 PMCID: PMC6728183 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an international health research priority for our aging population, little therapeutic progress has been made. This lack of progress may be partially attributable to disease heterogeneity. Previous studies have identified an inverse association of cancer and AD, suggesting that cancer history may be one source of AD heterogeneity. These findings are particularly interesting in light of the number of common risk factors and two-hit models hypothesized to commonly drive both diseases. We reviewed the ten hallmark biological alterations of cancer cells to investigate overlap with the AD literature and identified overlap of all ten hallmarks in AD, including (1) potentially common underlying risk factors, such as increased inflammation, deregulated cellular energetics, and genome instability; (2) inversely regulated mechanisms, including cell death and evading growth suppressors; and (3) functions with more complex, pleiotropic mechanisms, some of which may be stage-dependent in AD, such as cell adhesion/contact inhibition and angiogenesis. Additionally, we discuss the recent observation of a biological link between cancer and AD neuropathology. Finally, we address the therapeutic implications of this topic. The significant overlap of functional pathways and molecules between these diseases, some similarly and some oppositely regulated or functioning in each disease, supports the need for more research to elucidate cancer-related AD genetic and functional heterogeneity, with the aims of better understanding AD risk mediators, as well as further exploring the potential for some types of drug repurposing towards AD therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N. H. Nudelman
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Brenna C. McDonald
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Debomoy K. Lahiri
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
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Multidimensional informatic deconvolution defines gender-specific roles of hypothalamic GIT2 in aging trajectories. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 184:111150. [PMID: 31574270 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.111150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In most species, females live longer than males. An understanding of this female longevity advantage will likely uncover novel anti-aging therapeutic targets. Here we investigated the transcriptomic responses in the hypothalamus - a key organ for somatic aging control - to the introduction of a simple aging-related molecular perturbation, i.e. GIT2 heterozygosity. Our previous work has demonstrated that GIT2 acts as a network controller of aging. A similar number of both total (1079-female, 1006-male) and gender-unique (577-female, 527-male) transcripts were significantly altered in response to GIT2 heterozygosity in early life-stage (2 month-old) mice. Despite a similar volume of transcriptomic disruption in females and males, a considerably stronger dataset coherency and functional annotation representation was observed for females. It was also evident that female mice possessed a greater resilience to pro-aging signaling pathways compared to males. Using a highly data-dependent natural language processing informatics pipeline, we identified novel functional data clusters that were connected by a coherent group of multifunctional transcripts. From these it was clear that females prioritized metabolic activity preservation compared to males to mitigate this pro-aging perturbation. These findings were corroborated by somatic metabolism analyses of living animals, demonstrating the efficacy of our new informatics pipeline.
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Limon A, Delbruck E, Yassine A, Pandya D, Myers RM, Barchas JD, Lee F, Schatzberg, Watson SJ, Akil H, Bunney WE, Vawter MP, Sequeira A. Electrophysiological evaluation of extracellular spermine and alkaline pH on synaptic human GABA A receptors. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:218. [PMID: 31488811 PMCID: PMC6728327 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines have fundamental roles in brain homeostasis as key modulators of cellular excitability. Several studies have suggested alterations in polyamine metabolism in stress related disorders, suicide, depression, and neurodegeneration, making the pharmacological modulation of polyamines a highly appealing therapeutic strategy. Polyamines are small aliphatic molecules that can modulate cationic channels involved in neuronal excitability. Previous indirect evidence has suggested that polyamines can modulate anionic GABAA receptors (GABAARs), which mediate inhibitory signaling and provide a direct route to reduce hyperexcitability. Here, we attempted to characterize the effect that spermine, the polyamine with the strongest reported effect on GABAARs, has on human postmortem native GABAARs. We microtransplanted human synaptic membranes from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of four cases with no history of mental or neurological disorders, and directly recorded spermine effects on ionic GABAARs responses on microtransplanted oocytes. We show that in human synapses, inhibition of GABAARs by spermine was better explained by alkalization of the extracellular solution. Additionally, spermine had no effect on the potentiation of GABA-currents by diazepam, indicating that even if diazepam binding is enhanced by spermine, it does not translate to changes in functional activity. Our results clearly demonstrate that while extracellular spermine does not have direct effects on human native synaptic GABAARs, spermine-mediated shifts of pH inhibit GABAARs. Potential spermine-mediated increase of pH in synapses in vivo may therefore participate in increased neuronal activity observed during physiological and pathological states, and during metabolic alterations that increase the release of spermine to the extracellular milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Limon
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA ,0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Department of Neurology, Mitchel Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - E. Delbruck
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - A. Yassine
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - D. Pandya
- 0000 0001 1547 9964grid.176731.5Department of Neurology, Mitchel Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - R. M. Myers
- 0000 0004 0408 3720grid.417691.cHudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - J. D. Barchas
- 000000041936877Xgrid.5386.8Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | - F. Lee
- 000000041936877Xgrid.5386.8Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | - Schatzberg
- 0000000419368956grid.168010.eDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - S. J. Watson
- 0000000086837370grid.214458.eMolecular and Behavioral Neurosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - H. Akil
- 0000000086837370grid.214458.eMolecular and Behavioral Neurosciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - W. E. Bunney
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - M. P. Vawter
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - A. Sequeira
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior. School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
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Besteher B, Gaser C, Nenadić I. Machine-learning based brain age estimation in major depression showing no evidence of accelerated aging. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 290:1-4. [PMID: 31247471 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular biological findings indicate that affective disorders are associated with processes akin to accelerated aging of the brain. The use of the BrainAGE (brain age estimation gap) framework allows machine-learning based detection of a gap between age estimated from high-resolution MRI scans an chronological age, and thus an indicator of systems-level accelerated aging. We analysed 3T high-resolution structural MRI scans in 38 major depression patients (without co-morbid axis I or II disorders) and 40 healthy controls using the BrainAGE method to test the hypothesis of accelerated aging in (non-psychotic) major depression. We found no significant difference (or trend) for elevated BrainAGE in this pilot sample. Unlike previous findings in schizophrenia (and partially bipolar disorder), unipolar depression per se does not seem to be associated with accelerated aging patterns across the brain. However, given the limitations of the sample, further study is needed to test for effects in subgroups with comorbidities, as well as longitudinal designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg / Marburg University Hospital - UKGM, Marburg, Germany.
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Han LKM, Verhoeven JE, Tyrka AR, Penninx BWJH, Wolkowitz OM, Månsson KNT, Lindqvist D, Boks MP, Révész D, Mellon SH, Picard M. Accelerating research on biological aging and mental health: Current challenges and future directions. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 106:293-311. [PMID: 31154264 PMCID: PMC6589133 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with complex biological changes that can be accelerated, slowed, or even temporarily reversed by biological and non-biological factors. This article focuses on the link between biological aging, psychological stressors, and mental illness. Rather than comprehensively reviewing this rapidly expanding field, we highlight challenges in this area of research and propose potential strategies to accelerate progress in this field. This effort requires the interaction of scientists across disciplines - including biology, psychiatry, psychology, and epidemiology; and across levels of analysis that emphasize different outcome measures - functional capacity, physiological, cellular, and molecular. Dialogues across disciplines and levels of analysis naturally lead to new opportunities for discovery but also to stimulating challenges. Some important challenges consist of 1) establishing the best objective and predictive biological age indicators or combinations of indicators, 2) identifying the basis for inter-individual differences in the rate of biological aging, and 3) examining to what extent interventions can delay, halt or temporarily reverse aging trajectories. Discovering how psychological states influence biological aging, and vice versa, has the potential to create novel and exciting opportunities for healthcare and possibly yield insights into the fundamental mechanisms that drive human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K M Han
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josine E Verhoeven
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands
| | - Audrey R Tyrka
- Butler Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Oldenaller 1, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindqvist
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA; Psychiatric Clinic, Lund, Division of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marco P Boks
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dóra Révész
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Monroy-Jaramillo N, Dyukova E, Walss-Bass C. Telomere length in psychiatric disorders: Is it more than an ageing marker? World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 19:S2-S20. [PMID: 28000540 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1273550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychiatric and substance-use disorders have been associated with premature biological ageing. Telomere length (TL), considered an ageing marker, has been analysed in psychiatric disorders, and to a lesser extent in substance-use disorders, with recent findings suggesting TL may be related to disease pathology. METHODS We conducted a critical and non-systematic literature search of TL studies published up to June 2016 in psychiatric and substance-use disorders, focussing on studies describing mechanisms, including studies linking telomere biology with genetic factors, stress and mitochondrial alterations (104 studies selected). RESULTS Patients with major depressive disorder and anxiety appear to have shorter leukocyte telomeres compared to controls. Inconclusive results are found for other psychiatric disorders and for substance-use disorders. This may be due in part to differences in medication treatment and response, as studies suggest that some psychotropic medications may modulate TL. Importantly, some studies establish a relationship between telomere machinery, stress and mitochondria function in psychiatric and substance-use disorders. CONCLUSIONS While further longitudinal studies considering telomere genetics are needed to clarify the cause-effect link between telomeres and mitochondria function in psychiatric and substance-use disorders, the recent findings linking these biological processes suggest that telomeres may be more than ageing markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA.,b Department of Genetics , National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suarez , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Elena Dyukova
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- a Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston , TX , USA
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42
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Telomere shortening in blood leukocytes of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 111:83-88. [PMID: 30685566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are protective fragments on chromosome ends involved in maintaining genome stability, preventing chromosomal fusions, regulation of cell division. It was shown that telomere attrition rate is accelerated in age-related diseases, as well as in response to physiological and psychosocial stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in patients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as to investigate association of functional SNPs of telomerase TERC and TERT genes with LTL and PTSD. The relative LTL was measured by multiplex quantitative PCR method; genotyping of TERC rs12696304, TERT rs7726159 and rs2736100 was performed by PCR with sequence specific primers. Comparison of LTL in diseased and healthy subjects showed that PTSD patients had shorter average LTL than controls. Also, the frequency and the carriage rate of the TERT rs2736100*T allele was higher in PTSD patients compared to controls. Overall our results are in line with previous research in different populations. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that rs2736100 of TERT gene was significantly associated with PTSD and the minor allele of this polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for PTSD in the Armenian population.
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43
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Anitha A, Thanseem I, Vasu MM, Viswambharan V, Poovathinal SA. Telomeres in neurological disorders. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 90:81-132. [PMID: 31122612 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ever since their discovery, the telomeres and the telomerase have been topics of intensive research, first as a mechanism of cellular aging and later as an indicator of health and diseases in humans. By protecting the chromosome ends, the telomeres play a vital role in preserving the information in our genome. Telomeres shorten with age and the rate of telomere erosion provides insight into the proliferation history of cells. The pace of telomere attrition is known to increase at the onset of several pathological conditions. Telomere shortening has been emerging as a potential contributor in the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression. The rate of telomere attrition in the brain is slower than that of other tissues owing to the low rate of cell proliferation in brain. Telomere maintenance is crucial for the functioning of stem cells in brain. Taking together the studies on telomere attrition in various neurological disorders, an association between telomere shortening and disease status has been demonstrated in schizophrenia, AD and depression, in spite of a few negative reports. But, studies in ASD and PD have failed to produce conclusive results. The cause-effect relationship between TL and neurological disorders is yet to be elucidated. The factors responsible for telomere erosion, which have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, need to be explored in detail. Telomerase activation is now being considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Anitha
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India.
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Vijitha Viswambharan
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Suresh A Poovathinal
- Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Palakkad, Kerala, India
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Nishioka M, Bundo M, Iwamoto K, Kato T. Somatic mutations in the human brain: implications for psychiatric research. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:839-856. [PMID: 30087451 PMCID: PMC6756205 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are caused by complex gene-environment interactions. While recent advances in genomic technologies have enabled the identification of several risk variants for psychiatric conditions, including single-nucleotide variants and copy-number variations, these factors can explain only a portion of the liability to these disorders. Although non-inherited factors had previously been attributed to environmental causes, recent genomic analyses have demonstrated that de novo mutations are among the main non-inherited risk factors for several psychiatric conditions. Somatic mutations in the brain may also explain how stochastic developmental events and environmental insults confer risk for a psychiatric disorder following fertilization. Here, we review evidence regarding somatic mutations in the brains of individuals with and without neuropsychiatric diseases. We further discuss the potential biological mechanisms underlying somatic mutations in the brain as well as the technical issues associated with the detection of somatic mutations in psychiatric research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nishioka
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dDivision for Counseling and Support, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Bundo
- 0000 0001 0660 6749grid.274841.cDepartment of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan ,0000 0004 1754 9200grid.419082.6PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.
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Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Rajasekaran A, Chhabra H, Anekal AC, Narayanaswamy JC, Ravi V, Gangadhar BN, Venkatasubramanian G. Telomere length and its association with hippocampal gray matter volume in antipsychotic-naïve/free schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 282:11-17. [PMID: 30384145 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated ageing processes are postulated to underlie schizophrenia pathogenesis. This postulate is supported by observations of reduced telomere length in schizophrenia patients. Hippocampus, one of the most important brain regions implicated in schizophrenia, is shown to atrophy at a faster rate in aging. In this study, telomere length (TL) was measured in 30 antipsychotic-naive/free schizophrenia patients and 60 healthy controls using quantitative PCR assay. Hippocampus volume was measured using voxel-based morphometry. Schizophrenia was associated with differential TL between sexes [Status × Sex; F(1,85) = 5.9, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.065]. Male schizophrenia patients had significantly lower relative TL than female patients [F(1,85) = 7.38, p = 0.008], while such sex difference was not observed in healthy controls [F(1,85) = 0.16, p = 0.69]. Schizophrenia patients showed a significant sex-by-telomere interaction with both right & left hippocampus, with male patients showing positive association of telomere length with volume, while female patients showed negative association. Telomere shortening and the positive association of telomere length with hippocampus volume was observed only in male patients with schizophrenia. Since correlational observations in this cross-sectional study does not necessarily support definitive causal relationship, further longitudinal studies examining hippocampus volume and telomere in schizophrenia patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataram Shivakumar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Ashwini Rajasekaran
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Harleen Chhabra
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Amaresha C Anekal
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Vasanthapuram Ravi
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Bangalore N Gangadhar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.
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46
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Powell TR, De Jong S, Breen G, Lewis CM, Dima D. Telomere length as a predictor of emotional processing in the brain. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1750-1759. [PMID: 30511786 PMCID: PMC6492163 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Shorter telomere length (TL) has been associated with the development of mood disorders as well as abnormalities in brain morphology. However, so far, no studies have considered the role TL may have on brain function during tasks relevant to mood disorders. In this study, we examine the relationship between TL and functional brain activation and connectivity, while participants (n = 112) perform a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) facial affect recognition task. Additionally, because variation in TL has a substantial genetic component we calculated polygenic risk scores for TL to test if they predict face‐related functional brain activation. First, our results showed that TL was positively associated with increased activation in the amygdala and cuneus, as well as increased connectivity from posterior regions of the face network to the ventral prefrontal cortex. Second, polygenic risk scores for TL show a positive association with medial prefrontal cortex activation. The data support the view that TL and genetic loading for shorter telomeres, influence the function of brain regions known to be involved in emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Powell
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone De Jong
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Palmos AB, Breen G, Goodwin L, Frissa S, Hatch SL, Hotopf M, Thuret S, Lewis CM, Powell TR. Genetic Risk for Psychiatric Disorders and Telomere Length. Front Genet 2018; 9:468. [PMID: 30459805 PMCID: PMC6232668 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have revealed associations between psychiatric disorder diagnosis and shorter telomere length. Here, we attempt to discern whether genetic risk for psychiatric disorders, or use of pharmacological treatments (i.e., antidepressants), predict shorter telomere length and risk for aging-related disease in a United Kingdom population sample. Methods: DNA samples from blood were available from 351 participants who were recruited as part of the South East London Community Health (SELCoH) Study, and for which whole-genome genotype data was available. Leukocyte telomere length was characterized using quantitative polymerase chain reactions. Individualized polygenic risk scores for major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) were calculated using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium summary statistics. We subsequently performed linear models, to discern the impact polygenic risk for psychiatric disorders (an etiological risk factor) and antidepressant use (common pharmacological treatment) have on telomere length, whilst accounting for other lifestyle/health factors (e.g., BMI, smoking). Results: There were no significant associations between polygenic risk for any of the psychiatric disorders tested and telomere length (p > 0.05). Antidepressant use was significantly associated with shorter telomere length and this was independent from a depression diagnosis or current depression severity (p ≤ 0.01). Antidepressant use was also associated with a significantly higher risk of aging-related disease, which was independent from depression diagnosis (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Genetic risk for psychiatric disorders is not associated with shorter telomere length. Further studies are now needed to prospectively characterize if antidepressant use increases risk for aging-related disease and telomere shortening, or whether people who age faster and have aging-related diseases are just more likely to be prescribed antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alish B Palmos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maudsley Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Goodwin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Souci Frissa
- Health Service & Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephani L Hatch
- Health Service & Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maudsley Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maudsley Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy R Powell
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Deng SP, Hu W, Calhoun VD, Wang YP. Integrating Imaging Genomic Data in the Quest for Biomarkers of Schizophrenia Disease. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 15:1480-1491. [PMID: 28880187 PMCID: PMC6207076 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2017.2748944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
It's increasingly important but difficult to determine potential biomarkers of schizophrenia (SCZ) disease, owing to the complex pathophysiology of this disease. In this study, a network-fusion based framework was proposed to identify genetic biomarkers of the SCZ disease. A three-step feature selection was applied to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA methylation, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to select important features, which were then used to construct two gene networks in different states for the SNPs and DNA methylation data, respectively. Two health networks (one is for SNP data and the other is for DNA methylation data) were combined into one health network from which health minimum spanning trees (MSTs) were extracted. Two disease networks also followed the same procedures. Those genes with significant changes were determined as SCZ biomarkers by comparing MSTs in two different states and they were finally validated from five aspects. The effectiveness of the proposed discovery framework was also demonstrated by comparing with other network-based discovery methods. In summary, our approach provides a general framework for discovering gene biomarkers of the complex diseases by integrating imaging genomic data, which can be applied to the diagnosis of the complex diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ping Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.,
| | - Wenxing Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.,
| | | | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA., , Telephone: (504)865-5867, Fax: (504)862-8779
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Crawford B, Craig Z, Mansell G, White I, Smith A, Spaull S, Imm J, Hannon E, Wood A, Yaghootkar H, Ji Y, Mullins N, Lewis CM, Mill J, Murphy TM. DNA methylation and inflammation marker profiles associated with a history of depression. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:2840-2850. [PMID: 29790996 PMCID: PMC6680088 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common and disabling disorder, representing a major social and economic health issue. Moreover, depression is associated with the progression of diseases with an inflammatory etiology including many inflammatory-related disorders. At the molecular level, the mechanisms by which depression might promote the onset of these diseases and associated immune-dysfunction are not well understood. In this study we assessed genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in whole blood-derived DNA obtained from individuals with a self-reported history of depression (n = 100) and individuals without a history of depression (n = 100) using the Illumina 450K microarray. Our analysis identified six significant (Šidák corrected P < 0.05) depression-associated differentially methylated regions (DMRs); the top-ranked DMR was located in exon 1 of the LTB4R2 gene (Šidák corrected P = 1.27 × 10-14). Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for depression were generated and known biological markers of inflammation, telomere length (TL) and IL-6, were measured in DNA and serum samples, respectively. Next, we employed a systems-level approach to identify networks of co-methylated loci associated with a history of depression, in addition to depression PRS, TL and IL-6 levels. Our analysis identified one depression-associated co-methylation module (P = 0.04). Interestingly, the depression-associated module was highly enriched for pathways related to immune function and was also associated with TL and IL-6 cytokine levels. In summary, our genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of individuals with and without a self-reported history of depression identified several candidate DMRs of potential relevance to the pathogenesis of depression and its associated immune-dysfunction phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Crawford
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Zoe Craig
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Georgina Mansell
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Isobel White
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Adam Smith
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Steve Spaull
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Jennifer Imm
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Hanieh Yaghootkar
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Yingjie Ji
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | | | - Niamh Mullins
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Therese M Murphy
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
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50
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Hacimusalar Y, Eşel E. Suggested Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 55:280-290. [PMID: 30224877 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2017.19482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) mainly relies on clinical examination and subjective evaluation of depressive symptoms. There is no non-invasive, quantitative test available today for the diagnosis of MDD. In MDD, exploration of biomarkers will be helpful in diagnosing the disorder as well as in choosing a treatment, and predicting the treatment response. In this article, it is aimed to review the findings of suggested biomarkers such as growth factors, cytokines and other inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, endocrine markers, energy balance hormones, genetic and epigenetic features, and neuroimaging in MDD and to evaluate how these findings contribute to the pathophysiology of MDD, the prediction of treatment response, severity of the disorder, and identification of subtypes. Among these, the findings related to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, cytokines, and neuroimaging may be strong candidates for being biomarkers MDD, and may provide critical information in understanding biological etiology of depression. Although the findings are not sufficient yet, we think that the results of epigenetic studies will also provide very important contributions to the biomarker research in MDD. The availability of biomarkers in MDD will be an advancement that will facilitate the diagnosis of the disorder, treatment choices in the early stages, and prediction of the course of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Hacimusalar
- Department of Psychiatry, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Eşel
- Department of Psychiatry, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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