1
|
Epstein R, Aceret J, Giordani C, Zankich VR, Zhang L. A rank ordering and analysis of four cognitive-behavioral stress-management competencies suggests that proactive stress management is especially valuable. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19224. [PMID: 39160168 PMCID: PMC11333707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the relative value of four cognitive-behavioral competencies that have been shown in empirical studies to be associated with effective stress management. Based on a review of relevant psychological literature, we named the competencies as follows: Manages or Reduces Sources of Stress, Manages Thoughts, Plans and Prevents, and Practices Relaxation Techniques. We measured their relative value by examining data obtained from a diverse convenience sample of 18,895 English-speaking participants in 125 countries (65.0% from the U.S. and Canada) who completed a new inventory of stress-management competencies. We assessed their relative value by employing a concurrent study design, which also allowed us to assess the validity of the new instrument. Regression analyses were used to rank order the four competencies according to how well they predicted desirable outcomes. Both regression and factor analyses pointed to the importance of proactive stress-management practices over reactive methods, but we note that the correlational design of our study has no implications for the possible causal effects of these methods. Questionnaire scores were strongly associated with self-reported happiness and also significantly associated with personal success, professional success, and general level of stress. Data were collected between 2007 and 2022, but we found no effect for time. The study supports the value of stress-management training, and it also suggests that moderate levels of stress may not be as beneficial as previously thought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Epstein
- American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, Vista, CA, 92084, USA.
| | - Jessica Aceret
- American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, Vista, CA, 92084, USA
| | - Ciara Giordani
- American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, Vista, CA, 92084, USA
| | - Vanessa R Zankich
- American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, Vista, CA, 92084, USA
| | - Lynette Zhang
- American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology, Vista, CA, 92084, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Finseth TT, Smith B, Van Steenis AL, Glahn DC, Johnson M, Ruttle P, Shirtcliff BA, Shirtcliff EA. When virtual reality becomes psychoneuroendocrine reality: A stress(or) review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 166:107061. [PMID: 38701607 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This review article was awarded the Dirk Hellhammer award from ISPNE in 2023. It explores the dynamic relationship between stressors and stress from a historical view as well as a vision towards the future of stress research via virtual reality (VR). We introduce the concept of a "syncytium," a permeable boundary that blurs the distinction between stress and stressor, in order to understand why the field of stress biology continues to inadequately measure stress alone as a proxy for the force of external stressors. Using Virtual Reality (VR) as an illustrative example to explicate the black box of stressors, we examine the distinction between 'immersion' and 'presence' as analogous terms for stressor and stress, respectively. We argue that the conventional psychological approaches to stress measurement and appraisal theory unfortunately fall short in quantifying the force of the stressor, leading to reverse causality fallacies. Further, the concept of affordances is introduced as an ecological or holistic tool to measure and design a stressor's force, bridging the gap between the external environment and an individual's physiological response to stress. Affordances also serve to ameliorate shortcomings in stress appraisal by integrating ecological interdependencies. By combining VR and psychobiological measures, this paper aims to unravel the complexity of the stressor-stress syncytium, highlighting the necessity of assessing both the internal and external facets to gain a holistic understanding of stress physiology and shift away from reverse causality reasoning. We find that the utility of VR extends beyond presence to include affordance-based measures of immersion, which can effectively model stressor force. Future research should prioritize the development of tools that can measure both immersion and presence, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of how external stressors interact with individual psychological states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Smith
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | | | - David C Glahn
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Megan Johnson
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | - Paula Ruttle
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nikolaeva M, Arefieva A, Babayan A, Aksenov V, Zhukova A, Kalinina E, Krechetova L, Sukhikh G. Stress Biomarkers Transferred Into the Female Reproductive Tract by Seminal Plasma Are Associated with ICSI Outcomes. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1732-1746. [PMID: 38393625 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether male stress is related to seminal stress biomarkers and pregnancy achievement in women exposed to their partner's seminal plasma (SP) in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle. In this pilot prospective study, 20 couples undergoing ICSI, as well as 5 fertile sperm donors and 10 saliva donors, were investigated. Women were exposed to their partner's SP via unprotected sexual intercourse during the ICSI cycle and intravaginal application on the day of ovum pick-up (Day-OPU). Semen samples were collected from male partners by masturbation on the Day-OPU. Saliva and serum samples were collected prior to masturbation. Body fluids were frozen at - 80 °C until assayed. Biomarkers of activity of the sympathetic adrenomedullary axis (salivary alpha-amylase and adrenaline), sympathetic neural axis (noradrenaline and dopamine), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system (cortisol), and immune system (C-reactive protein and interleukin (IL)-18) were estimated to examine their association with SP composition and clinical pregnancy achievement. The clinical pregnancy rate was 45.0%. In the unsuccessful ICSI group, blunted levels of salivary and serum cortisol were found compared to the successful ICSI group and the fertile sperm donors. With regard to seminal markers, decreased cortisol level and elevated noradrenaline, noradrenaline/cortisol ratio, and lL-18 levels were strongly associated with ICSI failure (areas under the ROC curves were, 0.813, 0.848, 0.899, and 0.828, respectively). These findings confirm that stress response systems activity affects SP composition, which in turn is associated with ICSI outcomes in women exposed to their partner's SP during an ICSI cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Nikolaeva
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alla Arefieva
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina Babayan
- Department of Assisted Technologies in Treatment of Infertility, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anastasia Zhukova
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Kalinina
- Department of Assisted Technologies in Treatment of Infertility, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liubov Krechetova
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- First Moscow State Medical University Named After I.M. Sechenov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Karlsen K, Nygård C, Johansen LG, Gjevjon ER. In situ simulation training strengthened bachelor of nursing students' experienced learning and development process- a qualitative study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:121. [PMID: 38360599 PMCID: PMC10870516 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01771-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In advanced clinical learning labs on campus, high-fidelity simulation has become an essential educational approach in the Bachelor of Nursing Education programme. However, simulation while in clinical placement, in situ, is rarely used in Bachelor of Nursing Education. The aim of the present study was to explore how in situ simulation training at a surgical hospital ward, according to Bachelor of Nursing students, influenced their learning and development process. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected through individual interviews with a sample of 21 s-year Bachelor of Nursing students who completed 40 in situ simulations during their eight-week clinical placement at a Norwegian University Hospital. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS The data analysis generated six subcategories constituting two descriptive categories: building professional confidence and internalising nursing knowledge. Although the students found in situ simulation stressful and uncomfortable for being assessed by student peers, the teacher and preceptor, the process of managing clinical situations in simulation helped build professional confidence. What the students had learned in the simulation was directly transferable to real clinical situations because they were in the hospital setting. The simulation sessions enabled them to connect theoretical knowledge and clinical skills. They could test their skills in a safe environment, performing procedures that made them aware of how their knowledge could be used in real life. CONCLUSION According to the Bachelor of Nursing students' own experiences, in situ simulation supported the students' learning process, connected theory and practice and contributed to developing confidence in the performance of clinical skills. Including simulation in clinical practice could prove to be an effective way of teaching and learning clinical skills in nursing regarding resources and learning outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Nygård
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Harstad, Norway
| | | | - Edith Roth Gjevjon
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Harstad, Norway.
- Lovisenberg University College, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lkhagvasuren B, Hiramoto T, Bat-Erdene E, Tumurbaatar E, Tumur-Ochir G, Amartuvshin T, Dashtseren M, Lai E, Viswanath V, Oka T, Jadamba T. Anxiety, depression, and brain overwork in the general population of Mongolia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2484. [PMID: 38291198 PMCID: PMC10828419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In Mongolia, there is limited data on the prevalence and correlates of common mental health conditions. This study addresses this data gap by exploring anxiety, depression, and brain overwork. The aim of this study was to determine normative data on these conditions in the general population of Mongolia. This nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 sampling centers across Mongolia in 2020. A total of 613 participants (190 men and 423 women) with a mean age of 41.8 ± 12.4 years were recruited. The participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Brain Overwork Scale (BOS-10). Vital signs, body measurements, and lifestyle determinants were also assessed. The prevalence of anxiety was 9.9%, depression was 4.9%, and brain overwork was 18.3% among the participants. Anxiety and depression were correlated with brain overwork symptoms. Brain overwork was associated with young age, unemployment, low income, and alcohol use. These findings suggest that anxiety, depression, and brain overwork are a significant problem in the general population of Mongolia. Further research is needed to develop effective interventions to reduce the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety, depression, and brain overwork.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Battuvshin Lkhagvasuren
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Narita, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Hiramoto
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, NHO Fukuoka National Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Enkhjin Bat-Erdene
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
| | - Enkhnaran Tumurbaatar
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Gantsetseg Tumur-Ochir
- Department of Mental Health Surveillance, National Center for Mental Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tsolmontuya Amartuvshin
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Myagmartseren Dashtseren
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Edward Lai
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan-Virtua University, Stratford, USA
| | - Vijay Viswanath
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Takakazu Oka
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Narita, Japan
| | - Tsolmon Jadamba
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Marakshina J, Adamovich T, Vasin G, Ismatullina V, Lobaskova M, Malykh A, Kolyasnikov P, Tabueva A, Zakharov I, Malykh S. Factor structure and psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale in Russian adolescents. Sci Rep 2024; 14:775. [PMID: 38191640 PMCID: PMC10774267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-51104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study involved a psychometric analysis of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). To investigate the Russian version of the PSS-10 for adolescents, 3530 adolescents aged 13-17 years were recruited. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the data corresponded to the expected two-factor configuration. Psychometric properties and factor structure were evaluated. As expected, the PSS-10 included two factors: perceived helplessness and perceived self-efficacy. Internal consistency demonstrated acceptable values (Cronbach's alpha was 0.82 for perceived helplessness, 0.77 for perceived self-efficacy, and 0.80 for the overall PSS score). Measurement invariance across sexes was assessed, and configural and metric invariance were confirmed. The developed diagnostic tool can be used both in the school system to alleviate the negative consequences of academic stress in adolescents and, in the future, in other areas, particularly in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Marakshina
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Timofey Adamovich
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | - Victoria Ismatullina
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Marina Lobaskova
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Artem Malykh
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Pavel Kolyasnikov
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anna Tabueva
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Zakharov
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Malykh
- Center of Population Research, Ural Institute of Humanities, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
- Developmental Behavioral Genetics Lab, Federal Research Centre of Psychological and Interdisciplinary Studies, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fillingim RB. Redefining sensitization could be a sensitive issue. Pain Rep 2024; 9:1-2. [PMID: 38239566 PMCID: PMC10796134 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Commentary on: van den Broeke EN, Crombez G, Vlaeyen JWS. Reconceptualizing sensitization in pain: back to basics. PAIN Reports 2024;9:e1125.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger B. Fillingim
- Community Dentistry & Behavioral Science, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
R P, Kumar AP, Dhamodhini K S, Venugopal V, Silambanan S, K M, Shah P. Role of yoga in stress management and implications in major depression disorder. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100767. [PMID: 37741161 PMCID: PMC10520539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disability affecting more than 340 million people and second largest contributor to global burden of disease. Chronic stress is a common risk factor and important contributor for MDD. Stress could be defined as the "perceived inability to cope". Stressful life events are shown to provoke a sequence of psychological and physiological adjustments including nervous, endocrine and immune mechanisms. Stress can lead to elevation of a variety of inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones, can cause autonomic dysfunction and imbalance in neurotransmitters. Yoga can reduce depressive symptoms by alleviating stress. Studies have shown that yoga can reduce inflammation, maintain autonomic balance and also has a role in maintaining the neurotransmitters. It has role on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the peripheral nervous system including GABA, limbic system activity, inflammatory and endocrine responses. Yoga along with antidepressants can help in reducing the depressive symptoms in patient with MDD. Yoga is an ideal complementary and alternative therapy for mental health disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padmavathi R
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Archana P Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Medical Education Unit, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Dhamodhini K S
- Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Venugopal
- Department of Yoga, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Santhi Silambanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maheshkumar K
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Shah
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, SRIHER, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim EJ, Kim JJ. Neurocognitive effects of stress: a metaparadigm perspective. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2750-2763. [PMID: 36759545 PMCID: PMC9909677 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Stressful experiences, both physical and psychological, that are overwhelming (i.e., inescapable and unpredictable), can measurably affect subsequent neuronal properties and cognitive functioning of the hippocampus. At the cellular level, stress has been shown to alter hippocampal synaptic plasticity, spike and local field potential activity, dendritic morphology, neurogenesis, and neurodegeneration. At the behavioral level, stress has been found to impair learning and memory for declarative (or explicit) tasks that are based on cognition, such as verbal recall memory in humans and spatial memory in rodents, while facilitating those that are based on emotion, such as differential fear conditioning in humans and contextual fear conditioning in rodents. These vertically related alterations in the hippocampus, procedurally observed after subjects have undergone stress, are generally believed to be mediated by recurrently elevated circulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis effector hormones, glucocorticoids, directly acting on hippocampal neurons densely populated with corticosteroid receptors. The main purposes of this review are to (i) provide a synopsis of the neurocognitive effects of stress in a historical context that led to the contemporary HPA axis dogma of basic and translational stress research, (ii) critically reappraise the necessity and sufficiency of the glucocorticoid hypothesis of stress, and (iii) suggest an alternative metaparadigm approach to monitor and manipulate the progression of stress effects at the neural coding level. Real-time analyses can reveal neural activity markers of stress in the hippocampus that can be used to extrapolate neurocognitive effects across a range of stress paradigms (i.e., resolve scaling and dichotomous memory effects issues) and understand individual differences, thereby providing a novel neurophysiological scaffold for advancing future stress research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeansok J Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lkhagvasuren B, Hiramoto T, Tumurbaatar E, Bat-Erdene E, Tumur-Ochir G, Viswanath V, Corrigan J, Jadamba T. The Brain Overwork Scale: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study on the Psychometric Properties of a New 10-Item Scale to Assess Mental Distress in Mongolia. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11071003. [PMID: 37046930 PMCID: PMC10094685 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying mental distress is a complex task, particularly when individuals experience physical symptoms. Traditional self-report questionnaires that detect psychiatric symptoms using emotional words may not work for these individuals. Consequently, there is a need for a screening tool that can identify both the physical and mental symptoms of mental distress in individuals without a clinical diagnosis. Our study aimed to develop and validate a scale that measures mental distress by measuring the extent of brain overwork, which can be extrapolated as the burden of mental distress. In this population-based cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 739 adults aged 16–65 years from 64 sampling centers of a cohort in Mongolia to validate a 10-item self-report questionnaire. Internal consistency was measured using McDonald’s ω coefficient. Test–retest reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct and convergent validities were examined using principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the abbreviated version of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to evaluate criterion validity. Among the participants, 70.9% were women, 22% held a bachelor’s degree or higher, 38.8% were employed, and 66% were married. The overall McDonald’s ω coefficient was 0.861, demonstrating evidence of excellent internal consistency. The total intraclass correlation coefficient of the test–retest analysis was 0.75, indicating moderate external reliability. PCA and CFA established a three-domain structure that provided an excellent fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.033, TLI = 0.984, CFI = 0.989, χ2 = 58, p = 0.003). This 10-item scale, the Brain Overwork Scale (BOS-10), determines mental distress in three dimensions: excessive thinking, hypersensitivity, and restless behavior. All the items had higher item-total correlations with their corresponding domain than they did with the other domains, and correlations between the domain scores had a range of 0.547–0.615. BOS-10 correlated with HADS, whereas it was inversely correlated with WHOQOL-BREF. In conclusion, the results suggest that BOS-10 is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing mental distress in the general population. The scale screens for mental distress that is characterized by subjective symptoms such as excessive thinking, hypersensitivity, and restless behavior. The current findings also demonstrate that the BOS-10 is quantitative, simple, and applicable for large group testing. This scale may be useful for identifying at-risk individuals who may require further evaluation and treatment for mental distress.
Collapse
|
11
|
Babic NL, Johnstone CP, Reljić S, Sergiel A, Huber Đ, Reina RD. Evaluation of physiological stress in free-ranging bears: current knowledge and future directions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:168-190. [PMID: 36176191 PMCID: PMC10086944 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress responses, which are mediated by the neurogenic system (NS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis help vertebrates maintain physiological homeostasis. Fight-or-flight responses are activated by the NS, which releases norepinephrine/noradrenaline and epinephrine/adrenaline in response to immediate stressors, whilst the HPA axis releases glucocorticoid hormones (e.g. cortisol and corticosterone) to help mitigate allostatic load. There have been many studies on stress responses of captive animals, but they are not truly reflective of typical ranges or the types of stressors encountered by free-ranging wildlife, such as responses and adaptation to environmental change, which are particularly important from a conservation perspective. As stress can influence the composition of age and sex classes of free-ranging populations both directly and indirectly, ecological research must be prioritised towards more vulnerable taxa. Generally, large predators tend to be particularly at risk of anthropogenically driven population declines because they exhibit reduced behavioural plasticity required to adapt to changing landscapes and exist in reduced geographic ranges, have small population sizes, low fecundity rates, large spatial requirements and occupy high trophic positions. As a keystone species with a long history of coexistence with humans in highly anthropogenic landscapes, there has been growing concern about how humans influence bear behaviour and physiology, via numerous short- and long-term stressors. In this review, we synthesise research on the stress response in free-ranging bear populations and evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of current methodology in measuring stress in bears to identify the most effective metrics for future research. Particularly, we integrate research that utilised haematological variables, cardiac monitors and Global Positioning System (GPS) collars, serum/plasma and faecal glucocorticoid concentrations, hair cortisol levels, and morphological metrics (primarily skulls) to investigate the stress response in ursids in both short- and long-term contexts. We found that in free-ranging bears, food availability and consumption have the greatest influence on individual stress, with mixed responses to anthropogenic influences. Effects of sex and age on stress are also mixed, likely attributable to inconsistent methods. We recommend that methodology across all stress indicators used in free-ranging bears should be standardised to improve interpretation of results and that a wider range of species should be incorporated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natarsha L Babic
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher P Johnstone
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Slaven Reljić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Agnieszka Sergiel
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adama Mickiewicza 33, Krakow, 31120, Poland
| | - Đuro Huber
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.,Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adama Mickiewicza 33, Krakow, 31120, Poland
| | - Richard D Reina
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Z, Xing Y, Pi Y, Jiang M, Zhang L. A novel physiological feature selection method for emotional stress assessment based on emotional state transition. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1138091. [PMID: 37034171 PMCID: PMC10073504 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1138091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The connection between emotional states and physical health has attracted widespread attention. The emotional stress assessment can help healthcare professionals figure out the patient's engagement toward the diagnostic plan and optimize the rehabilitation program as feedback. It is of great significance to study the changes of physiological features in the process of emotional change and find out subset of one or several physiological features that can best represent the changes of psychological state in a statistical sense. Previous studies had used the differences in physiological features between discrete emotional states to select feature subsets. However, the emotional state of the human body is continuously changing. The conventional feature selection methods ignored the dynamic process of an individual's emotional stress in real life. Therefore, a dedicated experimental was conducted while three peripheral physiological signals, i.e., ElectroCardioGram (ECG), Galvanic Skin Resistance (GSR), and Blood Volume Pulse (BVP), were continuously acquired. This paper reported a novel feature selection method based on emotional state transition, the experimental results show that the number of physiological features selected by the proposed method in this paper is 13, including 5 features of ECG, 4 features of PPG and 4 features of GSR, respectively, which are superior to PCA method and conventional feature selection method based on discrete emotional states in terms of dimension reduction. The classification results show that the accuracy of the proposed method in emotion recognition based on ECG and PPG is higher than the other two methods. These results suggest that the proposed method can serve as a viable alternative to conventional feature selection methods, and emotional state transition deserves more attention to promote the development of stress assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- The School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xing
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Pi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhe Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lejun Zhang
- Cyberspace Institute Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Research and Development Center for E-Learning, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lejun Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu Y, Zhou L, Zhang X, Yang X, Niedermann G, Xue J. Psychological distress and eustress in cancer and cancer treatment: Advances and perspectives. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq7982. [PMID: 36417542 PMCID: PMC9683699 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq7982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Facing cancer diagnosis, patients with cancer are prone to psychological stress and consequent psychological disorders. The association between psychological stress and cancer has long been a subject of high interest. To date, preclinical studies have gradually uncovered the promotive effects of psychological distress on tumor hallmarks. In contrast, eustress may exert suppressive effects on tumorigenesis and beneficial effects on tumor treatment, which brings a practicable means and psychosocial perspective to cancer treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, by focusing on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, as well as stress-related crucial neurotransmitters and hormones, we highlight the effects of distress and eustress on tumorigenesis, the tumor microenvironment, and tumor treatment. We also discuss the findings of clinical studies on stress management in patients with cancer. Last, we summarize questions that remain to be addressed and provide suggestions for future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Wu
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Laiyan Zhou
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuanwei Zhang
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, German Cancer Consortium, partner site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jócsák I, Knolmajer B, Szarvas M, Rabnecz G, Pál-Fám F. Literature Review on the Effects of Heavy Metal Stress and Alleviating Possibilities through Exogenously Applied Agents in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2161. [PMID: 36015464 PMCID: PMC9414348 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) are among the most important toxic agents since they reach the soil through various routes and accumulate in the food chain. Therefore, HMs induce problems in soil integrity and in plant, animal, and human health. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a significant crop worldwide, utilized in animal production. Furthermore, because of its nitrogen-absorbing ability via symbiotic strains of bacteria, it increases soil productivity. However, there are relatively few studies investigating the effects of HMs and their alleviation possibilities on alfalfa plants. Therefore, the goal of this review is to clarify the current state of research into HM-induced alterations in alfalfa and to determine the extent to which externally applied microorganisms and chemical compounds can mitigate the negative effects. The aim is to indicate areas of development towards further understanding of HM detoxification in alfalfa and to identify future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Jócsák
- Institute of Agronomy, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Bence Knolmajer
- Institute of Plant Protection, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Deák Ferenc Street 16, H-8360 Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Miklós Szarvas
- Institute of Agronomy, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Gyula Rabnecz
- Zorvet Ltd., Wlassics Gyula Street 58, H-1181 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Pál-Fám
- Institute of Agronomy, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Street 40, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Price EJ, Vitale CM, Miller GW, David A, Barouki R, Audouze K, Walker DI, Antignac JP, Coumoul X, Bessonneau V, Klánová J. Merging the exposome into an integrated framework for "omics" sciences. iScience 2022; 25:103976. [PMID: 35310334 PMCID: PMC8924626 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposome concept encourages holistic consideration of the non-genetic factors (environmental exposures including lifestyle) that influence an individual's health over their life course. However, disconnect between the concept and practical application has promoted divergent interpretations of the exposome across disciplines and reinforced separation of the environmental (emphasizing exposures) and biological (emphasizing responses) research communities. In particular, while knowledge of biological responses can help to distinguish actual (i.e. experienced) from potential exposures, the inclusion of endogenous processes has generated confusion about the position of the exposome in a multi-omics systems biology context. We propose a reattribution of "exposome" to exclusively represent the totality of contact with external factors that a biological entity experiences, and introduce the term "functional exposomics" to denote the systematic study of exposure-phenotype interaction. This reoriented definition of the exposome allows a more readily integrable dataset for multi-omics and systems biology research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elliott J. Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Chiara M. Vitale
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Gary W. Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) – UMR_S 1085, Rennes 35000, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm UMR S-1124, Paris 75006, France
- Service de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Karine Audouze
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm UMR S-1124, Paris 75006, France
| | - Douglas I. Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Xavier Coumoul
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm UMR S-1124, Paris 75006, France
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) – UMR_S 1085, Rennes 35000, France
- Silent Spring Institute, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Effects of Phone-Based Psychological Intervention on Caregivers of Patients with Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease: A Six-Months Study during the COVID-19 Emergency in Italy. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030310. [PMID: 35326267 PMCID: PMC8945970 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caregivers of patients with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) experience higher level of burden, stress, and depression, due to premature role changes and social isolation. Moreover, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic compelled restrictions regarding social interactions and mobility in Italy from March 2020, prompting telemedicine approaches for supporting patients and their families confined at home. We reported our experience regarding the effects of psychological phone-intervention (phone-I) on EOAD caregivers during pandemic. Twenty caregivers of EOAD patients were randomly assigned to treatment (TG) or control (CG) group. TG weekly underwent a phone-I for one month. All participants were assessed for caregiver burden and needs, anxiety and depression levels, and subjective impact of traumatic events at baseline (T0), at the fifth week (T1) and after 6 months (T2) from phone-I. We observed higher vulnerability to post-traumatic stress in TG compared to CG in all timepoints (p ≤ 0.05). Decreased stress effects and caregiver burden were revealed in TG at T1 compared to T0 (p ≤ 0.05), although showing an increase of these measures at T2 in the treated caregivers. Our findings suggest that although TG showed a peculiar vulnerability to post-traumatic stress, they showed increased wellbeing immediately after phone-I. However, this benefit disappeared six months later, along with the second infection wave, probably due to “exhaustion stage” achievement in “General Adaptation Syndrome”. This trend may suggest a beneficial but not solving role of a prompt phone-I on burden of caregivers of EOAD patients during the SARS-CoV-2 emergency.
Collapse
|
17
|
Tetel V, Tonissen S, Fraley GS. Sex differences in serum glucocorticoid levels and heterophil:lymphocyte ratios in adult pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 317:113975. [PMID: 34995644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming more common for poultry scientists to utilize direct and indirect measures of stress hormones to monitor bird welfare. However, it has been clear that our understanding of the avian hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis (HPA) is insufficient as evidenced by the many conflicting reports regarding stress responses, such as transportation stress, in poultry. It has long been assumed that the poultry HPA functions similarly to that of mammals, but now we know that there are considerable differences in the avian HPA compared to mammals. Synthesis and release of glucocorticoids (GC) are stimulated by adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH); GC are synthesized from a common pathway that begins with cholesterol and pregnenolone. The synthesis of one of the glucocorticoids does not depend upon the synthesis of the other. The purpose of our study was to test the hypothesis that ACTH will stimulate both corticosterone and cortisol release in ducks. To test this hypothesis, we injected artificial ACTH (cosyntropin; 0.0625 mg/kg, 0.031 mg/kg, or 0.016 mg/kg or saline as control) intramuscularly into adult drakes and hens (N = 10/sex/dose). Both glucocorticoids (GC) were assayed in serum using previously verified ELISAs. Blood smears were also assessed for heterophil to lymphocyte ratios (HLR). Data were analyzed by repeated measures 3-way ANOVA with Fishers PLSD as an ad hoc test. We observed that both GC were secreted in significantly (p = 0.0002) different patterns in a dose-dependent manner compared to controls, and that there was a significant (p = 0.0001) sex difference in both GC compared to saline controls. Further, we observed that all doses of ACTH elicited a significant (p = 0.004) sex difference in the HLR response compared to controls, but no dose-dependent effects were noted. Our data suggest that ducks, at least, may utilize more than just corticosterone to maintain physiological homeostasis in response to stress. Further, the time course of the stressor to release GC and subsequent HLR response may be dependent upon sex. More detailed analyses of the HPA are necessary in all avian species to better understand stress responses as we utilize biological bases for welfare assessments and stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tetel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - S Tonissen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - G S Fraley
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Taurisano P, Abbatantuono C, Verri V, Pepe I, Stucci LS, Taurino A, Moschetta M, De Caro MF, Antonucci LA. Pre-surgery supportive and goal-oriented strategies are associated with lower post-surgery perceived distress in women diagnosed with breast cancer. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:2. [PMID: 34980291 PMCID: PMC8725323 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00714-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psycho-oncology literature pointed out that individual health outcomes may depend on patients' propensity to adopt approach or, conversely, avoidant coping strategies. Nevertheless, coping factors associated with postoperative distress remain unclear, unfolding the lack of tailored procedures to help breast cancer patients manage the psychological burden of scheduled surgery. In view of this, the present study aimed at investigating: 1. pre-/post-surgery distress variations occurring among women diagnosed with breast cancer; 2. the predictivity of approach and avoidant coping strategies and factors in affecting post-surgery perceived distress. METHODS N = 150 patients (mean age = 59.37; SD = ± 13.23) scheduled for breast cancer surgery were administered a screening protocol consisting of the Distress Thermometer (DT) and the Brief-COPE. The DT was used to monitor patients' distress levels before and after surgery (± 7 days), whereas the Brief-COPE was adopted only preoperatively to evaluate patients' coping responses to the forthcoming surgical intervention. Non-parametric tests allowed for the detection of pre-/post-surgery variations in patients' perceived distress. Factor analysis involved the extraction and rotation of principal components derived from the Brief-COPE strategies. The predictivity of such coping factors was investigated through multiple regression (Backward Elimination). RESULTS The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test yielded a significant variation in DT mean scores (TW = -5,68 < -zα/2 = -1,96; p < .001) indicative of lower perceived distress following surgery. The four coping factors extracted and Varimax-rotated were, respectively: 1. cognitive processing (i.e., planning + acceptance + active coping + positive reframing); 2. support provision (i.e., instrumental + emotional support); 3. emotion-oriented detachment (i.e., self-blame + behavioral disengagement + humor + denial); 4. goal-oriented detachment (i.e., self-distraction). Among these factors, support provision (B = .458; β = - .174; t = - 2.03; p = .045), encompassing two approach coping strategies, and goal-oriented detachment (B = .446; β = - .176; t = - 2.06; p = .042), consisting of one avoidant strategy, were strongly related to post-surgery distress reduction. CONCLUSION The present investigation revealed that the pre-surgery adoption of supportive and goal-oriented strategies led to postoperative distress reduction among breast cancer patients. These findings highlight the importance of timely psychosocial screening and proactive interventions in order to improve patients' recovery and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Taurisano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Abbatantuono
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
| | - Veronica Verri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pepe
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Taurino
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Scipione Crisanzio 42, 70122, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Moschetta
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations (D.E.T.O.), Breast Care Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria F De Caro
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Scipione Crisanzio 42, 70122, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guglielmetti LC, Gingert C, Holtz A, Westkämper R, Lange J, Adamina M. Nationwide Study on Stress Perception Among Surgical Residents. World J Surg 2022; 46:1609-1622. [PMID: 35304643 PMCID: PMC9174298 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Declining number of applicants and high attrition of residents are a dire reality. Surgeons in training are confronted to various stressors which interfere with their performance and may promote burnout. This study measures stress levels of Swiss surgical residents. METHODS Swiss surgery residents taking the Surgical Basic Exam from 2016 to 2020 completed the Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS). The PSS measures how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded the respondents evaluate their work life. Scores up to 13 are normal, and scores around 20 are highly pathologic. High subscores of helplessness (PH) and lower subscores of self-efficacy (PSE) indicate distress. RESULTS A total of 1694 questionnaires were evaluated (return rate 95.7%). Resident median (m) age was 29 years, 43.5% were female, and 72.7% of the residents were in their first 2 years of training. Residents reported a high PSS (m = 15), a high PH (m = 9), and an ordinary PSE (m = 5). Females reported worse PSS (p < 0.001), PH (p < 0.001), and PSE (p = 0.036). In multivariable analysis, male sex (p < 0.001), aiming at orthopedic (p = 0.017) or visceral surgery (p = 0.004), and French as mother tongue (p = 0.037) predicted lower stress levels, while graduating from a country not adjacent to Switzerland led to higher stress (p = 0.047). CONCLUSION Perceived stress levels are high in this prospective and representative cohort study of Swiss surgical residents. Females endured significantly worse stress and helplessness levels than males. These figures are worrisome as they may directly contribute to the declining attractivity of surgical residencies. Detailed sex-specific analysis and correction of stressors are urgently needed to improve residency programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Gingert
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
- Faculty of Health, Department of Human Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Anna Holtz
- Joint Private Practice for Orthopaedics, Traumatology & Surgery, Anna Und Nico Holtz, Kölnerstrasse 64, 42897, Remscheid, Germany
| | | | | | - Michel Adamina
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland.
- MGA Network, Herisau, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shirish A, Chandra S, Srivastava SC. Switching to online learning during COVID-19: Theorizing the role of IT mindfulness and techno eustress for facilitating productivity and creativity in student learning. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
21
|
Tetel V, Van Wyk B, Fraley GS. Sex differences in glucocorticoid responses to shipping stress in Pekin ducks. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101534. [PMID: 34823178 PMCID: PMC8626681 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some concerns have been raised recently about the assay of corticosterone vs. cortisol in poultry species. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that ducks secrete both glucocorticoids. First, we validated two commercially ELISA kits for the two glucocorticoids by first charcoal stripping duck serum in order to remove all steroid hormones. We ran serial dilutions of spiked, charcoal-stripped serum on kits of opposite glucocorticoid as well as a serial dilution using the respective ELISA buffer of the opposite assay kit. We found that the glucocorticoid standard curve in duck serum matched the respective curve in that kit's own buffer. However, when the opposite hormone was run in each kit in both duck serum or ELISA buffer, a near zero slope was obtained. Second, we further validated the presence of both glucocorticoids using mass spectrometry. Third, we tested the hypothesis that exogenous ACTH would stimulate the release of both corticosterone and cortisol. And, fourth, we tested the hypothesis that each glucocorticoid would have different serum levels in response to shipping stress. To test this hypothesis, we collected serum from 10 drakes and 10 hens from 2 flocks (N = 20 per time point per sex): 24 h prior to shipping, at shipping as ducks were walked off the truck, 24 h after shipping, and 1 wk after shipping. Data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. Surprisingly, we also observed a sex difference in both glucocorticoid levels in that hens showed higher (P < 0.01) serum levels than did drakes at all-time points in response to either ACTH or transportation. Finally, no differences were observed in either glucocorticoid levels associated with shipping in either sex. The fact that both glucocorticoids are released in measurable amounts lends to the possibility that they may be differentially regulated, or at least there is a sex difference in the neural pathways associated with glucocorticoid release in ducks. Although corticosterone is the likely predominate glucocorticoid in ducks, serious attention should be given to the role of cortisol in poultry. Further consideration of sex, age, and timing of blood collection to stressor needs to be considered when assessing glucocorticoid levels in any avian species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tetel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - B Van Wyk
- Department of Biology, Hope College, Holland, MI, USA
| | - G S Fraley
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wackerhage H, Christensen JF, Ilmer M, von Luettichau I, Renz BW, Schönfelder M. Cancer catecholamine conundrum. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:110-122. [PMID: 34776398 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise, psychosocial stress, and drugs such as adrenergic agonists and antagonists increase the concentrations of catecholamines and/or alter adrenergic signaling. Intriguingly, exercise studies universally suggest that catecholamines are cancer-inhibiting whereas cancer stress studies typically report the opposite, whereas β-blocker studies show variable effects. Here, we term variable effects of catecholamines in cancer the cancer catecholamine conundrum. Variable effects of catecholamines can potentially be explained by variable expression of nine adrenergic receptor isoforms and by other factors including catecholamine effects on cancer versus immune or endothelial cells. Future studies on catecholamines and cancer should seek to understand the mechanisms that explain variable effects of catecholamines in cancer to utilize beneficial or block detrimental effects of catecholamines in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wackerhage
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Sport & Health Science, Georg-Brauchle Ring 60-62, 80992 Munich, Germany.
| | - J F Christensen
- Digestive Disease Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - I von Luettichau
- Kinderklinik München Schwabing, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - M Schönfelder
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Sport & Health Science, Georg-Brauchle Ring 60-62, 80992 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
McDaniel T, Wilson DK, Coulon MS, Sweeney AM, Van Horn ML. Interaction of Neighborhood and Genetic Risk on Waist Circumference in African-American Adults: A Longitudinal Study. Ann Behav Med 2021; 55:708-719. [PMID: 32914830 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding determinants of metabolic risk has become a national priority given the increasingly high prevalence rate of this condition among U.S. adults. PURPOSE This study's aim was to assess the impact of gene-by-neighborhood social environment interactions on waist circumference (WC) as a primary marker of metabolic risk in underserved African-American adults. Based on a dual-risk model, it was hypothesized that those with the highest genetic risk and who experienced negative neighborhood environment conditions would demonstrate higher WC than those with fewer risk factors. METHODS This study utilized a subsample of participants from the Positive Action for Today's Health environmental intervention to improve access and safety for walking in higher-crime neighborhoods, who were willing to provide buccal swab samples for genotyping stress-related genetic pathways. Assessments were conducted with 228 African-American adults at baseline, 12, 18, and 24 months. RESULTS Analyses indicated three significant gene-by-environment interactions on WC outcomes within the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) genetic pathway. Two interactions supported the dual-risk hypotheses, including the SNS genetic risk-by-neighborhood social life interaction (b = -0.11, t(618) = -2.02, p = .04), and SNS genetic risk-by-informal social control interaction (b = -0.51, t(618) = -1.95, p = .05) on WC outcomes. These interactions indicated that higher genetic risk and lower social-environmental supports were associated with higher WC. There was also one significant SNS genetic risk-by-neighborhood satisfaction interaction (b = 1.48, t(618) = 2.23, p = .02) on WC that was inconsistent with the dual-risk pattern. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that neighborhood and genetic factors dually influence metabolic risk and that these relations may be complex and warrant further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01025726.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler McDaniel
- Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Dawn K Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M Sandra Coulon
- Department of Mental Health, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Allison M Sweeney
- Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M Lee Van Horn
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vandael D, Wierda K, Vints K, Baatsen P, De Groef L, Moons L, Rybakin V, Gounko NV. Corticotropin-releasing factor induces functional and structural synaptic remodelling in acute stress. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:378. [PMID: 34234103 PMCID: PMC8263770 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological responses to stress are complex and highly conserved. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a central role in regulating these lifesaving physiological responses to stress. We show that, in mice, CRF rapidly changes Schaffer Collateral (SC) input into hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells (PC) by modulating both functional and structural aspects of these synapses. Host exposure to acute stress, in vivo CRF injection, and ex vivo CRF application all result in fast de novo formation and remodeling of existing dendritic spines. Functionally, CRF leads to a rapid increase in synaptic strength of SC input into CA1 neurons, e.g., increase in spontaneous neurotransmitter release, paired-pulse facilitation, and repetitive excitability and improves synaptic plasticity: long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). In line with the changes in synaptic function, CRF increases the number of presynaptic vesicles, induces redistribution of vesicles towards the active zone, increases active zone size, and improves the alignment of the pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Therefore, CRF rapidly enhances synaptic communication in the hippocampus, potentially playing a crucial role in the enhanced memory consolidation in acute stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Vandael
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keimpe Wierda
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electrophysiology Expertise Unit, O&N5 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katlijn Vints
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- KU Leuven Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Naamsestraat 61, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Moons
- KU Leuven Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, Naamsestraat 61, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasily Rybakin
- National University of Singapore, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Immunology Program, 5 Science Drive 2, Blk MD4, 117545, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalia V Gounko
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49,, box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Trang S, Nastjuk I. Examining the role of stress and information security policy design in information security compliance behaviour: An experimental study of in-task behaviour. Comput Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2021.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
26
|
Lu S, Wei F, Li G. The evolution of the concept of stress and the framework of the stress system. Cell Stress 2021; 5:76-85. [PMID: 34124582 PMCID: PMC8166217 DOI: 10.15698/cst2021.06.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a central concept in biology and has now been widely used in psychological, physiological, social, and even environmental fields. However, the concept of stress was cross-utilized to refer to different elements of the stress system including stressful stimulus, stressor, stress response, and stress effect. Here, we summarized the evolution of the concept of stress and the framework of the stress system. We find although the concept of stress is developed from Selye's "general adaptation syndrome", it has now expanded and evolved significantly. Stress is now defined as a state of homeostasis being challenged, including both system stress and local stress. A specific stressor may potentially bring about specific local stress, while the intensity of stress beyond a threshold may commonly activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and result in a systematic stress response. The framework of the stress system indicates that stress includes three types: sustress (inadequate stress), eustress (good stress), and distress (bad stress). Both sustress and distress might impair normal physiological functions and even lead to pathological conditions, while eustress might benefit health through hormesis-induced optimization of homeostasis. Therefore, an optimal stress level is essential for building biological shields to guarantee normal life processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Lu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Leonidis A, Korozi M, Sykianaki E, Tsolakou E, Kouroumalis V, Ioannidi D, Stavridakis A, Antona M, Stephanidis C. Improving Stress Management and Sleep Hygiene in Intelligent Homes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2398. [PMID: 33808468 PMCID: PMC8036360 DOI: 10.3390/s21072398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High stress levels and sleep deprivation may cause several mental or physical health issues, such as depression, impaired memory, decreased motivation, obesity, etc. The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in our lives, generating significant stress, and worries about health, social isolation, employment, and finances. To this end, nowadays more than ever, it is crucial to deliver solutions that can help people to manage and control their stress, as well as to reduce sleep disturbances, so as to improve their health and overall quality of life. Technology, and in particular Ambient Intelligence Environments, can help towards that direction, when considering that they are able to understand the needs of their users, identify their behavior, learn their preferences, and act and react in their interest. This work presents two systems that have been designed and developed in the context of an Intelligent Home, namely CaLmi and HypnOS, which aim to assist users that struggle with stress and poor sleep quality, respectively. Both of the systems rely on real-time data collected by wearable devices, as well as contextual information retrieved from the ambient facilities of the Intelligent Home, so as to offer appropriate pervasive relaxation programs (CaLmi) or provide personalized insights regarding sleep hygiene (HypnOS) to the residents. This article will describe the design process that was followed, the functionality of both systems, the results of the user studies that were conducted for the evaluation of their end-user applications, and a discussion about future plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Leonidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Maria Korozi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eirini Sykianaki
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eleni Tsolakou
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Vasilios Kouroumalis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Danai Ioannidi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Andreas Stavridakis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Margherita Antona
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantine Stephanidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
- Department of Computer Science Heraklion, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fitzgerald E, Parent C, Kee MZL, Meaney MJ. Maternal Distress and Offspring Neurodevelopment: Challenges and Opportunities for Pre-clinical Research Models. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:635304. [PMID: 33643013 PMCID: PMC7907173 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.635304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-natal exposure to acute maternal trauma or chronic maternal distress can confer increased risk for psychiatric disorders in later life. Acute maternal trauma is the result of unforeseen environmental or personal catastrophes, while chronic maternal distress is associated with anxiety or depression. Animal studies investigating the effects of pre-natal stress have largely used brief stress exposures during pregnancy to identify critical periods of fetal vulnerability, a paradigm which holds face validity to acute maternal trauma in humans. While understanding these effects is undoubtably important, the literature suggests maternal stress in humans is typically chronic and persistent from pre-conception through gestation. In this review, we provide evidence to this effect and suggest a realignment of current animal models to recapitulate this chronicity. We also consider candidate mediators, moderators and mechanisms of maternal distress, and suggest a wider breadth of research is needed, along with the incorporation of advanced -omics technologies, in order to understand the neurodevelopmental etiology of psychiatric risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eamon Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carine Parent
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle Z. L. Kee
- Translational Neuroscience Programme, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Translational Neuroscience Programme, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim H, Kim DJ, Kim S, Chung WH, Park KA, Kim JDK, Kim D, Kim MJ, Kim K, Jeon HJ. Effect of Virtual Reality on Stress Reduction and Change of Physiological Parameters Including Heart Rate Variability in People With High Stress: An Open Randomized Crossover Trial. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:614539. [PMID: 34447320 PMCID: PMC8384255 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.614539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Although, attempts to apply virtual reality (VR) in mental healthcare are rapidly increasing, it is still unclear whether VR relaxation can reduce stress more than conventional biofeedback. Methods: Participants consisted of 83 healthy adult volunteers with high stress, which was defined as a score of 20 or more on the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). This study used an open, randomized, crossover design with baseline, stress, and relaxation phases. During the stress phase, participants experienced an intentionally generated shaking VR and serial-7 subtraction. For the relaxation phase, participants underwent a randomly assigned relaxation session on day 1 among VR relaxation and biofeedack, and the other type of relaxation session was applied on day 2. We compared the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X1 (STAI-X1), STAI-X2, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and physiological parameters including heart rate variability (HRV) indexes in the stress and relaxation phases. Results: A total of 74 participants were included in the analyses. The median age of participants was 39 years, STAI-X1 was 47.27 (SD = 9.92), and NRS was 55.51 (SD = 24.48) at baseline. VR and biofeedback significantly decreased STAI-X1 and NRS from the stress phase to the relaxation phase, while the difference of effect between VR and biofeedback was not significant. However, there was a significant difference in electromyography, LF/HF ratio, LF total, and NN50 between VR relaxation and biofeedback. Conclusion: VR relaxation was effective in reducing subjectively reported stress in individuals with high stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Department of Medical Device Management and Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ho Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - James D K Kim
- AR Lab, Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dowan Kim
- Advanced Solution Team, Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Department of Medical Device Management and Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Herman JP, Nawreen N, Smail MA, Cotella EM. Brain mechanisms of HPA axis regulation: neurocircuitry and feedback in context Richard Kvetnansky lecture. Stress 2020; 23:617-632. [PMID: 33345670 PMCID: PMC8034599 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1859475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of stress reactivity is a fundamental priority of all organisms. Stress responses are critical for survival, yet can also cause physical and psychological damage. This review provides a synopsis of brain mechanisms designed to control physiological responses to stress, focusing primarily on glucocorticoid secretion via the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The literature provides strong support for multi-faceted control of HPA axis responses, involving both direct and indirect actions at paraventricular nucleus (PVN) corticotropin releasing hormone neurons driving the secretory cascade. The PVN is directly excited by afferents from brainstem and hypothalamic circuits, likely relaying information on homeostatic challenge. Amygdala subnuclei drive HPA axis responses indirectly via disinhibition, mediated by GABAergic relays onto PVN-projecting neurons in the hypothalamus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST). Inhibition of stressor-evoked HPA axis responses is mediated by an elaborate network of glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-containing circuits, providing a distributed negative feedback signal that inhibits PVN neurons. Prefrontal and hippocampal neurons play a major role in HPA axis inhibition, again mediated by hypothalamic and BST GABAergic relays to the PVN. The complexity of the regulatory process suggests that information on stressors is integrated across functional disparate brain circuits prior to accessing the PVN, with regions such as the BST in prime position to relay contextual information provided by these sources into appropriate HPA activation. Dysregulation of the HPA in disease is likely a product of inappropriate checks and balances between excitatory and inhibitory inputs ultimately impacting PVN output.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Herman
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nawshaba Nawreen
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marissa A Smail
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Evelin M Cotella
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vincent A, Semmer NK, Becker C, Beck K, Tschan F, Bobst C, Schuetz P, Marsch S, Hunziker S. Does stress influence the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation? A narrative review of the literature. J Crit Care 2020; 63:223-230. [PMID: 33046274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation represents a major physical and psychological challenge for all involved health care workers because survival of the patients is closely related to the timely and accurate actions of rescuers. Consequently, rescuers may experience high levels of acute mental stress. Stress, in turn, may influence attentional resources and distractibility, which may affect the quality of resuscitation. This narrative review summarizes the current state of research concerning the influence of stress on resuscitation performance. Peer-reviewed studies retrieved in scientific databases were eligible. We found that rescuers experience high levels of stress and some associations of higher levels of stress with lower resuscitation performance. Finally, few interventional studies assessed whether interventions aiming at reducing levels of stress may have a beneficial effect on resuscitation performance, but results are variable. Although the mechanisms linking stress to performance of emergency teams are still not fully understood, factors such as individual experience and self-confidence of rescuers, gender composition and hierarchy within resuscitation teams may play an important role. This review provides a targeted overview of how stress can be defined and measured, how it may influence emergency situations such as a cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and which interventions have the potential to reduce overwhelming stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Vincent
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 23, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert K Semmer
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Becker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 23, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Beck
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 23, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Tschan
- Department of Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Cora Bobst
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Haus 7, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Marsch
- Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Hunziker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 23, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kondaurova EM, Il’chibaeva TV, Bazovkina DV, Popova NK, Naumenko VS. The Influence of Stress on the Expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Its Precursor proBDNF in Mice with Different Sensitivity of Serotonin 5-HT1A Receptors. NEUROCHEM J+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712420030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
33
|
Abstract
Job stress is a condition or event in the workplace that induces strain (a physical, psychological, or behavioral response to a stressor). The outcome of unrelieved job stress can be burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Identification and treatment of job stress falls into four conceptual models: medical, clinical/ counseling psychology, engineering psychology, and organizational psychology. Occupational health nurses can experience job stress in the areas of intrinsic job factors, organizational structures, reward systems, human resource systems, and leadership. Because occupational health nurses promote stress reduction strategies in worker populations, modeling these behaviors is important to enhance the credibility of those promoting such strategies.
Collapse
|
34
|
Fronk GE, Sant'Ana SJ, Kaye JT, Curtin JJ. Stress Allostasis in Substance Use Disorders: Promise, Progress, and Emerging Priorities in Clinical Research. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2020; 16:401-430. [PMID: 32040338 PMCID: PMC7259491 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-102419-125016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinicians and researchers alike have long believed that stressors play a pivotal etiologic role in risk, maintenance, and/or relapse of alcohol and other substance use disorders (SUDs). Numerous seminal and contemporary theories on SUD etiology posit that stressors may motivate drug use and that individuals who use drugs chronically may display altered responses to stressors. We use foundational basic stress biology research as a lens through which to evaluate critically the available evidence to support these key stress-SUD theses in humans. Additionally, we examine the field's success to date in targeting stressors and stress allostasis in treatments for SUDs. We conclude with our recommendations for how best to advance our understanding of the relationship between stressors and drug use, and we discuss clinical implications for treatment development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaylen E Fronk
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; , ,
| | - Sarah J Sant'Ana
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; , ,
| | - Jesse T Kaye
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA;
- Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, USA
| | - John J Curtin
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; , ,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Stewart BT, McFarland CP. An investigation of the relations between stress and prospective memory. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2020.1724116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
36
|
Oh KH, Shin WS, Khil TG, Kim DJ. Six-Step Model of Nature-Based Therapy Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030685. [PMID: 31973063 PMCID: PMC7036903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have confirmed that the natural environment has psychophysiological healing effects. However, few studies have investigated the healing process involved in the effect of the natural environment. To date, no theoretical model on the nature-based therapy process has been clearly established. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a theoretical model of the nature-based therapy process by analyzing individual empirical data. Research materials were 180 self-reported essays on “Forest Therapy Experiences” submitted to the Korea Forest Service. This study was conducted based on grounded theory. Data were analyzed through open coding. A total of 82 concepts, 21 subcategories, and six categories were derived. Results revealed that the nature-based therapy process contained six categories: Stimulation, acceptance, purification, insight, recharging, and change. When in the natural environment, participants first experienced positive emotional change, followed by cognitive and behavioral changes. Based on these results, a nature-based therapy process model was derived. This study revealed that the nature-based therapy process did not consist of just a single element or step, but involved an integrated way of healing with emotional and cognitive changes. This study is significant in that it derives a theoretical model of the nature-based therapy process with comprehensive mechanisms. Further research is needed to establish more systematic theoretical model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Oh
- Department of Forest Therapy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (K.H.O.); (W.S.S.); (T.G.K.)
| | - Won Sop Shin
- Department of Forest Therapy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (K.H.O.); (W.S.S.); (T.G.K.)
| | - Tae Gyu Khil
- Department of Forest Therapy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (K.H.O.); (W.S.S.); (T.G.K.)
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-261-2532
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sudo N. Role of gut microbiota in brain function and stress-related pathology. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2019; 38:75-80. [PMID: 31384518 PMCID: PMC6663509 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.19-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota are responsible for a variety of metabolic activities including food digestion and production of biologically active substances. Moreover, several recent works, including our own, have also shown that gut microbiota play an important role not only in the development of brain function but also in the pathology of stress-related diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, we focus on the interaction between gut microbes and the brain-gut axis and introduce some basic concepts and recent developments in this area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Sudo
- 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Recent reviews have attempted to refute the efficacy of applying Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) as a conceptual framework for the training process. Furthermore, the criticisms involved are regularly used as the basis for arguments against the periodization of training. However, these perspectives fail to consider the entirety of Selye's work, the evolution of his model, and the broad applications he proposed. While it is reasonable to critically evaluate any paradigm, critics of the GAS have yet to dismantle the link between stress and adaptation. Disturbance to the state of an organism is the driving force for biological adaptation, which is the central thesis of the GAS model and the primary basis for its application to the athlete's training process. Despite its imprecisions, the GAS has proven to be an instructive framework for understanding the mechanistic process of providing a training stimulus to induce specific adaptations that result in functional enhancements. Pioneers of modern periodization have used the GAS as a framework for the management of stress and fatigue to direct adaptation during sports training. Updates to the periodization concept have retained its founding constructs while explicitly calling for scientifically based, evidence-driven practice suited to the individual. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide greater clarity on how the GAS serves as an appropriate mechanistic model to conceptualize the periodization of training.
Collapse
|
39
|
Garinger LM, Chow GM, Luzzeri M. The effect of perceived stress and specialization on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout in collegiate athletes. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2018; 31:714-727. [DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2018.1521514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M. Garinger
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Graig M. Chow
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Matteo Luzzeri
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rudland JR, Wilkinson TJ. When I say … stress. MEDICAL EDUCATION 2018; 52:692-693. [PMID: 29388251 DOI: 10.1111/medu.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
|
41
|
Abstract
A series of studies of acculturative stress is reported, involving immigrants, refugees, Native peoples, sojourners and ethnic groups in Canada. Acculturative stress is defined as a reduction in health status (including psychological, somatic and social aspects) of individuals who are undergoing acculturation, and for which there is evidence that these health phenomena are related systematically to acculturation phenomena. A theoretical model and a comparative framework are presented within which the empirical studies were conducted. A total of 1,197 individuals were studied in the last decade and a half, using a common indicator of acculturative stress, for which reliability and validity indices are presented. Results indicate substantial variation in stress phenomena across types of acculturating groups, and across a number of individual difference variables (such as sex, age, education, attitudes and cognitive style), and across a number of social variables (such as contact, social support and status). A need for further comparative studies is identified so that acculturation phenomena may be understood in terms of their origins in variations across host societies, across acculturating groups and their interactions.
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- R Tyssen
- Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Amnie AG. An Investigation of Predictors of Self-efficacy to Cope with Stress and Implications for Health Education Practice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2018.1431165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
44
|
Bezerra CDM, Assis SGD, Constantino P. Psychological distress and work stress in correctional officers: a literature review. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 21:2135-46. [PMID: 27383347 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232015217.00502016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a review of literature based on a survey of national and international journals on psychological distress and stress in the work of correctional officers between 2000 and 2014. The databases used were the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Web of Science, and Scopus, and the descriptors were psychological distress, stress and correctional officers. We analyzed 40 articles, mainly about stress. The concept of burnout appeared in several works. The United States is the country that most publishes on the subject. There is little interest about the subject in the journals of Public Health. In Latin America we found only four studies, all Brazilian. The number of publications has gradually intensified over the years, and there was methodological improvement in the development and assessment scales, mainly regarding stress and burnout. Work overload, lack of material and human resources, level of contact with the inmates, overcrowding, perceptions of fear or danger, and the paradox of punish / reeducate were some of the risk factors encountered, among others. The protective factors refer to social support within the prison environment, and the coping strategies are related to the improvement of officer training, stimulating social support, and offering psychological care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia de Magalhães Bezerra
- Departamento de Estudos de Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Brasil 4036/700, Manguinhos. 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Simone Gonçalves de Assis
- Departamento de Estudos de Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Brasil 4036/700, Manguinhos. 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Patricia Constantino
- Departamento de Estudos de Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Brasil 4036/700, Manguinhos. 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chamik T, Viswanathan B, Gedeon J, Bovet P. Associations between psychological stress and smoking, drinking, obesity, and high blood pressure in an upper middle-income country in the African region. Stress Health 2018; 34:93-101. [PMID: 28586134 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The direction and magnitude of the associations between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and psychological stress continue to be debated, and no data are available from surveys in the African region. In this study, we examine the associations between CVRFs and psychological stress in the Seychelles, a rapidly developing small island state in the African region. A survey was conducted in 1,240 adults aged 25-64 years representative of the Seychelles. Participants were asked to rank psychological stress that they had experienced during the past 12 months in four domains: work, social life, financial situation, and environment around home. CVRFs (high blood pressure, tobacco use, alcohol drinking, and obesity) were assessed using standard procedures. Psychological stress was associated with age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Overall, there were only few consistent associations between psychological stress and CVRFs, adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Social stress was associated with smoking, drinking, and obesity, and there were marginal associations between stress at work and drinking, and between financial stress, and smoking and drinking. Psychological stress was not associated with high blood pressure. These findings suggest that psychological stress should be considered in cardiovascular disease prevention and control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Chamik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Jude Gedeon
- Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nikolić T, Petronijević N. Schizophrenia and osteoporosis. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/mp69-17304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|
47
|
Abstract
The brain-gut axis serves as a circuit that incorporates the human experience, the state of mind, the gut microbiome, and the immune response that ultimately drives the phenotypic expression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There are several biological pathways through which stress can play a deleterious role, including through increasing intestinal permeability, which can facilitate intestinal translocation of bacteria. Stress has an impact on symptoms in IBD; however, there is limited evidence that stress triggers increased intestinal inflammation. Although attention to stress and psychiatric comorbidity is important in the management of IBD, there are few clinical trials to direct management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Max Rady College of Medicine, 804-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E3P4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jaworska-Burzyńska L, Sekułowicz M, Cieślik B, Kowalska J, Szczepańska-Gieracha J. The role of massage in reducing the risk of burnout in employees of large corporations. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2017; 29:185-188. [PMID: 29122258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Błażej Cieślik
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kowalska
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
There is significant variation in the way individuals react and respond to extreme stress and adversity. While some individuals develop psychiatric conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder or major depressive disorder, others recover from stressful experiences without displaying significant symptoms of psychological ill-health, demonstrating stress-resilience. To understand why some individuals exhibit characteristics of a resilient profile, the interplay between neurochemical, genetic, and epigenetic processes over time needs to be explained. In this review, we examine the hormones, neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and neural circuits associated with resilience and vulnerability to stress-related disorders. We debate how this increasing body of knowledge could also be useful in the creation of a stress-resilient profile. Additionally, identification of the underlying neurobiological components related to resilience may offer a contribution to improved approaches toward the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders.
Collapse
|
50
|
Alcocer-Gómez E, Castejón-Vega B, Cordero MD. Stress-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome in Human Diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 108:127-162. [PMID: 28427559 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stress is a complex event that induces disturbances to physiological and psychological homeostasis, and it may have a detrimental impact on certain brain and physiological functions. In the last years, a dual role of the stress effect has been studied in order to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which can induce physiological symptoms after psychological stress exposition and vice versa. In this sense, inflammation has been proposed as an important starring. And in the same line, the inflammasome complex has emerged to give responses because of its role of stress sensor. The implication of the same complex, NLRP3 inflammasome, in different diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and metabolic diseases opens a door to develop new therapeutic perspectives.
Collapse
|