1
|
Kwegyir Tsiboe A, Raghuraman S, Marshall TC. Caught between two worlds: mental health literacy and stigma among bicultural youth. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2321644. [PMID: 38431901 PMCID: PMC10911255 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2321644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bicultural youths are at higher risk of mental health problems and are less likely to utilize mental health services, yet our knowledge of their mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviours remains limited. METHODS To fill this gap, the current study explored bicultural youths' mental health literacy and stigma by conducting semi-structured interviews with 14 Canadian university students in 2021. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that bicultural youths may be torn between two worlds: intergenerational tensions between participants assimilated into individualistic Canadian culture and their more collectivist parents meant that they had different cultural perceptions of mental health literacy and stigma. While being caught between these two worlds may be detrimental for bicultural youth, our results also suggested that a trans-cultural factor-celebrities' mental health journeys-may promote help-seeking behaviour across participants. Furthermore, our study speaks to the ways that unprecedented events such as the COVID-19 pandemic impact mental health literacy among bicultural youth. Our findings might be used by university mental health services to encourage help-seeking among bicultural students. CONCLUSION The acculturation of mental health literacy, stigma, and associated intergenerational differences needs to be considered by university wellness services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shruthi Raghuraman
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tara C. Marshall
- Department of Health, Aging & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gill J, Jones A, Price K, Goodison E, Tyson P. A mixed-method systematic review of the perspectives of young people, carers and professionals on psychiatric diagnosis in childhood and adolescence. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 37:e12459. [PMID: 38522014 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM The significance and complexities of a psychiatric diagnosis have been well-documented in existing literature. Despite the reliability and accuracy of such diagnoses, the impact and use of diagnostic labelling on young people remains unclear. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using six databases, identifying 13 studies that explored psychiatric diagnosis experiences in professionals, caregivers, and young people. FINDINGS This review focuses on three main themes related to psychiatric diagnosis in young people. The first theme is diagnostic subjectivity, which explores the accuracy, usefulness, potential harm and alternatives (e.g. psychological formulation) to psychiatric diagnosis in this population. The second theme is the utility of psychiatric diagnosis, which considers whether it helps young people access appropriate support and gain a better understanding of themselves and their presenting issues. The third theme is stigma, which examines the negative experiences and discrimination that young people may face due to their psychiatric diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS There is relatively limited literature which discusses the experience of psychiatric diagnosis in young people, caregivers and professionals. The available literature is difficult to compare due to discrepancies between methodologies and services, and there are several gaps i.e. a limited focus on the experience of young people themselves. Different views and experiences of psychiatric diagnosis among professionals, caregivers, and young people could impact young people's quality of life, access to healthcare, and identity development. The current literature needs to be more comprehensive to draw firm conclusions about young people's experiences with psychiatric diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Gill
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Treforest Campus, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Alexis Jones
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Treforest Campus, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Klara Price
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Treforest Campus, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Egan Goodison
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Treforest Campus, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Tyson
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Treforest Campus, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Halsall T, Daley M, Hawke LD, Henderson J, Wilson A, Matheson K. "I Think Peer Support Helps to Demystify People Who Have Mental Health Issues and Helps to Remove That Stigma": Exploring the Defining Characteristics and Related Challenges of Youth Peer Support Through Participatory Research. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:784-795. [PMID: 38430287 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite the emerging body of literature on the benefits of youth peer support, there is also evidence that peer support can have unintended negative impacts on peers themselves. It is important to explore what aspects of the peer role contribute to these difficulties in order to mitigate risks. This paper uses a participatory approach to examine the unique attributes of youth peer practice and the related challenges. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with both peer and non-peer staff from a community-based youth mental health program that provides peer support services (N = 29). Thematic analyses were completed using QSR NVivo. Analyses capture the defining features and related challenges of the peer support role (self-disclosure, boundaries, role confusion and dynamic recovery), and risk factors that affect peers (stigma, exposure to harm and burnout). This paper contributes to the literature on peer support as well as youth participatory evaluation. The findings will be useful to support the development of improved organizational contexts for peer practice and more effective peer support programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Halsall
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada.
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Mardi Daley
- LOFT Community Services, 721 Bloor St. W Suite 301, Toronto, ON, M6G 1L5, Canada
| | - Lisa D Hawke
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1000 Queen St W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1L8, Canada
| | - Jo Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1000 Queen St W, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1L8, Canada
| | - Anne Wilson
- LOFT Community Services, 721 Bloor St. W Suite 301, Toronto, ON, M6G 1L5, Canada
| | - Kimberly Matheson
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdelmonaem YMM, Osman MA, Karim NAHA. Mental health stigma and internship nursing students' attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:275. [PMID: 38658957 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01910-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-stigma and negative attitudes toward mental illness have been identified as significant barriers that hinder individuals from seeking psychological assistance, leading to adverse consequences in their lives. AIM This study aimed to assess mental health stigma and internship nursing students' attitudes toward seeking professional help. METHODS A cross-sectional design was conducted in the current study including a purposive sample of 228 participants of internship nursing students using a Socio-demographic data sheet, Self-Stigma of Seeking Help scale (SSOSH), and Attitude toward seeking professional psychological help scale (ATSPPH). The data acquisition period spanned from August to November 2022. RESULTS This study revealed significant insights into the attitudes of internship nursing students toward seeking professional psychological help. Gender emerged as a notable factor, with males exhibiting higher levels of self-stigma compared to females (mean = 2.872). Attitudes towards seeking professional help varied significantly based on age, gender, residence, and marital status. Specifically, participants aged 23 years, females, rural residents, and married individuals demonstrated the highest Mean scores reflecting attitudes that lean more positively towards seeking help. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation (r = -0.372, p < 0.01) was observed between self-stigma and attitudes toward seeking professional help. CONCLUSION This study concluded that more than three-fifths of internship nursing students hadn't stigma towards seeking professional psychological help while the vast majority had a positive attitude towards seeking professional psychological help. However, the majority of students reported that financial barriers, specifically the high cost of therapy, prevent them from seeking psychological help. This highlights the need for more affordable mental health services for this population.
Collapse
|
5
|
Metheny N, Mkhize SP, Scott D, Hatcher A. Violence Victimization and Depressive Symptoms Among a Sub-Sample of Sexual and Gender Minority Adults in a Population-Based South African Study. J Interpers Violence 2024:8862605241243348. [PMID: 38654528 DOI: 10.1177/08862605241243348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults in South Africa face high levels of violence and poor mental health outcomes. Interventions to prevent these negative health implications are hampered by a lack of representative data among this population. This study aims to quantify the associations between three forms of violent victimization and depressive symptoms in a sub-sample of SGM drawn from a population-based cross-sectional study in Gauteng, South Africa. Data come from the sixth Quality of Life survey conducted in South Africa's Gauteng province. Brief screeners assessed childhood sexual abuse (CSA), past-year intimate partner violence (IPV), non-partner violence, and depressive symptoms. Three survey-weighted logistic regression analyses were fit to model associations between elevated depressive symptoms and CSA, past-year IPV, and past-year non-partner violence, controlling for socio-demographics (age, race, sex, area of residence, education, socioeconomic status, and recent employment). N = 1,328 SGM respondents were included. Over 40% (n = 537) reported depressive symptoms, while 17% (n = 222) reported CSA, 5% (n = 67) reported IPV, and 16% (n = 208) reported non-partner violence. CSA and non-partner violence were associated with significantly higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI [1.03, 2.23]; aOR: 1.84, [1.24, 2.73], respectively). IPV was not associated with elevated depressive symptoms (aOR: 1.17, [0.64, 2.16]). In all models, employment in the past 7 days was associated with significantly lower odds of reporting depressive symptoms. Recent and childhood violence is a major burden that is associated with elevated symptoms of depression among SGM in urban South Africa. Community-tailored interventions and policy-related advocacy related to employment and violence prevention may alleviate depressive symptoms in SGM adults in Gauteng.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sthembiso Pollen Mkhize
- University of Johannesburg, South Africa
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Abigail Hatcher
- University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harding E, Sullivan MP, Camic PM, Yong KXX, Stott J, Crutch SJ. "I Want to Do Something" - Exploring What Makes Activities Meaningful for Community-Dwelling People Living With Dementia: A Focused Ethnographic Study. Qual Health Res 2024:10497323241239487. [PMID: 38648467 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241239487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Supporting ageing in place, quality of life, and activity engagement are public health priorities for people with dementia. The importance of maintaining opportunities for meaningful activities has been widely acknowledged for those with dementia in long-term care, but little is known about what makes activities meaningful for, and how they are experienced by, people with different types of dementia in their own homes. This study used focussed ethnographic methods to explore the motivations and meanings of everyday activity engagement within the homes of 10 people with memory-led Alzheimer's disease and 10 people with posterior cortical atrophy. While participants' interactions with their everyday environments were challenged by their diagnoses, they were all finding ways to continue meaning-making via various activities. The main findings are encapsulated in three themes: (1) The fun and the function of activities; (2) Reciprocities of care, and (3) The constitution and continuity of (a changing) self. Ongoing engagement with both fun and functional activities offered participants living with different dementias opportunities to connect with others, to offer care and support (as well as receive it), and to maintain a sense of self and identity. Implications are discussed regarding the development and delivery of tailored interventions and support to enable continued engagement in meaningful activities for people with different types of dementia living in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Harding
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Mary Pat Sullivan
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Education and Professional Studies, Nipissing University, Nipissing, ON, Canada
| | - Paul M Camic
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Keir X X Yong
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Joshua Stott
- UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Murray DD, Chiotu LB. How Mental Health Nurses Report Their Compassion Fatigue and Compassion Satisfaction: A Cross-Sectional Study and the Implications for Healthcare Leaders. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38640492 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2322045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Compassion fatigue is the cost of caring for others in emotional pain where the helping professional absorbs the trauma of those they help and cannot detach emotionally at the end of the day. Stressful and perceived unsupportive work environments may leave the caregiver at a heightened risk for compassion fatigue. To study the level of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction experienced by mental health nurses. A descriptive, cross-sectional, electronic survey design was utilized. The Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 was used. The study was conducted at a large, urban hospital that exclusively treats patients with mental health and addiction issues located in Ontario, Canada. The sample included all nurses who were listed on the hospital's Email list. All nurses who are displayed on this list are mental health nurses. Analyses were conducted to assess for differences between the characteristics and the subscales of professional quality of life. One hundred and forty-eight mental health nurses completed a questionnaire. The response rate was 21%. Seventy-six percent reported moderate levels of burnout, 59% reported moderate levels of secondary traumatic stress, and 21% reported high levels of compassion satisfaction. Predictors were seen for the characteristics of gender, ethnicity, marital status, area, exposure to violence and support felt. Compassion fatigue has clear implications. Organizations willing to invest in reducing it, have the potential to improve patient outcomes and the well-being of nurses. The majority of mental health nurses reported moderate levels for each of the subscales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debbilynn Dawn Murray
- Professional Practice Office, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Light Bosah Chiotu
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Allard J, Pollard A, Laugharne R, Coates J, Wildfire-Roberts J, Millward M, Shankar R. Evaluating the impact of a UK recovery college on mental well-being: pre- and post-intervention study. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e87. [PMID: 38634329 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recovery colleges provide personalised educational mental health support for people who self-refer. The research evidence supporting them is growing, with key components and the positive experiences of attendees reported. However, the quantitative outcome evidence and impact on economic outcomes is limited. AIMS To evaluate the impact of attending a UK recovery college for students who receive a full educational intervention. METHOD This is a pre- and post-intervention study, with predominantly quantitative methods. Participants recruited over an 18-month period (01.2020-07.2021) completed self-reported well-being (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS)) and recovery (Process of Recovery (QPR)) surveys, and provided details and evidence of employment and educational status. Descriptive statistics for baseline data and Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon signed-rank and paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-intervention scores, with Hedges' g-statistic as a measure of effect size. Medical records were reviewed and a brief qualitative assessment of changes reported by students was conducted. RESULTS Of 101 student research participants, 84 completed the intervention. Well-being (mean SWEMWBS scores 17.3 and 21.9; n = 80) and recovery (mean QPR scores 27.2 and 38.8; n = 75) improved significantly (P < 0.001; Hedges' g of 1.08 and 1.03). The number of economically inactive students reduced from 53 (69%) to 19 (24.4%). No research participants were referred for specialist mental health support while students. 'Within-self' and 'practical' changes were described by students following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Findings detail the largest self-reported pre-post data-set for students attending a recovery college, and the first data detailing outcomes of remote delivery of a recovery college.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Allard
- Research Team, Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bodmin, UK; and Cornwall Intellectual Disability Equitable Research (CIDER), University of Plymouth Peninsula School of Medicine, UK
| | - Adam Pollard
- Research Department, Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - Richard Laugharne
- Research Team, Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bodmin, UK; and Cornwall Intellectual Disability Equitable Research (CIDER), University of Plymouth Peninsula School of Medicine, UK
| | - Jamie Coates
- Recovery College Cornwall, Pentreath Ltd, Truro, UK
| | | | | | - Rohit Shankar
- Research Team, Cornwall Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Bodmin, UK; and Cornwall Intellectual Disability Equitable Research (CIDER), University of Plymouth Peninsula School of Medicine, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mattsson K, Haavisto E, Jumisko-Pyykkö S, Koivisto JM. Nursing Students' Experiences of Empathy in a Virtual Reality Simulation Game: A Descriptive Qualitative Study. Comput Inform Nurs 2024:00024665-990000000-00184. [PMID: 38625019 DOI: 10.1097/cin.0000000000001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Empathy is significant in nursing, and showing empathy toward a patient positively impacts a patient's health. Learning empathy through immersive simulations is effective. Immersion is an essential factor in virtual reality. This study aimed to describe nursing students' experiences of empathy in a virtual reality simulation game. Data were collected from nursing students (n = 20) from May 2021 to January 2022. Data collection included individual semistructured interviews; before the interviews, the virtual reality gaming procedure was conducted. Inductive content analysis was used. Nursing students experienced compassion and a feeling of concern in the virtual reality simulation game. Students were willing to help the virtual patient, and they recognized the virtual patient's emotions using methods such as listening and imagining. Students felt the need to improve the patient's condition, and they responded to the virtual patient's emotions with the help of nonverbal and verbal communication and helping methods. Empathy is possible to experience by playing virtual reality simulation games, but it demands technique practicing before entering the virtual reality simulation game.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katri Mattsson
- Author Affiliations: Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku Finland (Mrs Mattsson); Turku University of Applied Sciences Finland (Mrs Mattsson); Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Health Sciences/Nursing Sciences, Tampere University Finland (Dr Haavisto); University of Turku Finland (Dr Haavisto); Häme University of Applied Sciences Finland (Dr Jumisko-Pyykkö); Faculty of Social Sciences/Health Sciences, Tampere University Finland (Dr Koivisto); and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki Finland (Dr Koivisto)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pereira LM, Mallela JL, Carroll AJ, Washburn JJ, Robiner WN. Psychologists and Integrated Behavioral Health Simulation Training: A Survey of Medical Educators and Perspectives of Directors of Clinical Training. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2024:10.1007/s10880-024-10015-7. [PMID: 38615281 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-024-10015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
It is well established that the integration of behavioral healthcare into the medical home model improves patient outcomes, reduces costs, and increases resident learning. As academic health centers increasingly integrate behavioral healthcare, targeted training for interprofessional collaboration around behavioral healthcare is needed. Simulation educational approaches potentially can provide this training. Health service psychologists are well-poised to support this because of their specialized training in integrated healthcare. The present exploratory study aimed to evaluate existing simulation programs and develop recommendations for integrated behavioral health training and evaluation. Directors of ACGME accredited residency programs that are high utilizers of the medical home model (Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Medicine/Pediatrics, Family Medicine) as well as Psychiatry residencies and medical schools with membership in the Society for Simulation in Healthcare were recruited to complete a 26-item survey to assess program usage of psychologists as part of simulation training for integrated behavioral healthcare services. Of 79 participants who completed initial items describing their training program, only 32 programs completed the entire survey. While many academic health centers offered integrated team and behavioral health simulations, few utilized psychology faculty in design, implementation, and evaluation. Other behavioral health providers (psychiatrists, social workers) were often involved in medical school and pediatric residency simulations. Few institutions use standardized evaluation. Qualitative feedback and faculty-written questionnaires were often used to evaluate efficacy. Survey responses suggest that psychologists play limited roles in integrated behavioral healthcare simulation despite their expertise in interdisciplinary training, integrated behavioral healthcare, and program evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lila M Pereira
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/SCT, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, 19 Skyline Dr, Rm1NH12, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA.
| | - Jaya L Mallela
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/SCT, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, 19 Skyline Dr, Rm1NH12, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Allison J Carroll
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason J Washburn
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ashley H, Gough S, Darlington C, Clark J, Mosley C. Hitting the target and missing the point? A BEME systematic review of evidence regarding the efficacy of statutory and mandatory training in health and care: BEME Guide No. 87. Med Teach 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38599334 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2024.2331048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mandatory training is considered fundamental to establishing and maintaining high standards of professional practice. There is little evidence however, of the training either achieving its required learning outcomes, or delivering improvement in outcomes for patients. Whist organisations may be hitting their compliance target for mandatory training, is the purpose missing the point? This systematic review aims to synthesize and evaluate the efficacy of statutory and mandatory training. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, CNAHL, ERIC and Cochrane Central registers were searched on 23rd May 2023. All research designs were included and reported training had to specify an organisational mandate within a healthcare setting. Data was coded using a modified Kirkpatrick (KP) rating system. Critical appraisal was undertaken using the Modified Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Studies checklist and Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included, featuring 9132 participants and 1348 patient cases audited. Studies described evaluation of mandatory training according to Kirkpatrick's outcomes levels 1-4b, with the majority (68%) undertaken in the UK and within acute settings. Training duration varied from 5 min to 3 days. There is a lack of consensus regarding mandatory training rationale, core topics, duration, and optimum refresher training period. Currently, mandatory training does not consistently translate to widescale improvements in safe practice or improved patient outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Due to the lack of international consensus regarding the need for mandated training, most papers originated from countries with centrally administered national health care systems. The rationale for mandating training programmes remains undefined. The assumption that mandatory training is delivering safe practice outcomes is not supported by studies included in this review. The findings of this review offer a basis for further research to be undertaken to assist with the design, facilitation, and impact of mandatory training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ashley
- People and Organisational Development, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Suzanne Gough
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carol Darlington
- Emergency Medicine, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, Cheshire, UK
| | - Justin Clark
- Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Bond University, Robina, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chiara Mosley
- Workforce Transformation, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Crewe, Cheshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schmid B, Njeim C, Vijayasingham L, Sanga LA, Naimi RK, Fouad FM, Akik C, Zmeter C, Perone SA, Larsen LB, Roswall J, Ansbro É, Perel P. Implementing (and evaluating) peer support with people living with noncommunicable diseases in humanitarian settings. J Migr Health 2024; 9:100229. [PMID: 38633280 PMCID: PMC11021823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In line with the peer reviewers comments, the authors have added highlights in stead of an abstract. It was felt that it was better able to capture the findings and is more in line with the paper's target audience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Schmid
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lavanya Vijayasingham
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leah Anku Sanga
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Carla Zmeter
- International Committee of the Red Cross, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sigiriya Aebischer Perone
- International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Éimhín Ansbro
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Perel
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Global Chronic Conditions, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ho G, Pratt DN, Bridgwater MA, Schiffman J, Ellman LM, Mittal VA. Factors impacting intent to seek treatment within youth at clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:273-281. [PMID: 38581831 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Existing work indicates that there is unmet need for care in those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. However, research on the factors that drive treatment seeking behaviors in this population is limited. Further, it is unknown how help-seeking behavior in CHR individuals compares to those seen in mood disorders, who have a higher rate of treatment seeking behavior. Participants (n = 559) completed an assessment of their intent to seek mental health treatment, attenuated psychosis-risk symptoms, and psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses. Participants were divided into CHR (n = 91), Mood Disorders (MD) (n = 72), or Community Controls (CC) groups (n = 396), whose intent to seek treatment was compared. Associations between intent to seek treatment with past treatment, depression, anxiety, positive and negative symptoms, distress from symptoms, intelligence quotient (IQ) estimates, and insight were assessed in CHR individuals. Further, it was assessed how this differs for the MD group. The MD group reported higher intent to seek treatment than CHR individuals, which reported higher intent to seek treatment than the CC group. In those at CHR, previous treatment, greater depression and anxiety severity, and higher distress all independently predicted higher intent to seek treatment. Depression predicted intent to seek treatment in both MD and CHR individuals. Previous treatment predicted intent to seek treatment in those at CHR. Our findings suggest that depression and past treatment utilization are critical factors in increasing intent to seek treatment in those at CHR, potentially serving as important targets for engaging this population in treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Ho
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Danielle N Pratt
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Miranda A Bridgwater
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jason Schiffman
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lauren M Ellman
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Institutes for Policy Research and Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hurley J, Longbottom P, Bennett B, Yoxall J, Hutchinson M, Foley KR, Happell B, Parkes J, Currey K. Workforce strategies to address children's mental health and behavioural needs in rural, regional and remote areas: A scoping review. Aust J Rural Health 2024. [PMID: 38572866 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children living in rural, regional and remote locations experience challenges to receiving services for mental illness and challenging behaviours. Additionally, there is a lack of clarity about the workforce characteristics to address the needs of this population. OBJECTIVE To scope the literature on the rural, regional and remote child mental health and behavioural workforce and identify barriers and enabling mechanisms to mental health service provision. DESIGN A scoping review utilising the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A database search was undertaken using Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest and Scopus to identify papers published 2010-2023. Research articles reporting data on mental health workforce characteristics for children aged under 12 years, in rural, regional or remote locations were reviewed for inclusion. FINDINGS Seven hundred and fifty-four papers were imported into Covidence with 22 studies being retained. Retained studies confirmed that providing services to meet the needs of children's mental health is an international challenge. DISCUSSION The thematic analysis of the review findings highlighted four workforce strategies to potentially mitigate some of these challenges. These were: (1) The use of telehealth for clinical services and workforce upskilling; (2) Role shifting where non mental health professionals assumed mental health workforce roles; (3) Service structure strategies, and (4) Indigenous and rural cultural factors. CONCLUSION A range of potential strategies exists to better meet the needs of children with mental health and behavioural issues. Adapting these to specific community contexts through co-design and production may enhance their efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Hurley
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paula Longbottom
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bindi Bennett
- Federation University, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqui Yoxall
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie Hutchinson
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kitty-Rose Foley
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brenda Happell
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jill Parkes
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Currey
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Robertson S, Ryan T, Talpur A. Factors influencing early career nurses to adopt leadership roles: a literature review. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 2024; 31:20-26. [PMID: 37877178 DOI: 10.7748/nm.2023.e2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Effective nursing leadership has been shown to improve patient outcomes, but there has been little exploration of the factors that influence early career nurses to develop their leadership skills and adopt leadership roles. This article presents a rapid review of the literature on these factors, integrating data from 25 articles. Findings suggest that improving leadership confidence and self-efficacy, particularly in relation to system leadership, can increase nurses' motivation for adopting leadership roles. Supportive organisations that value leadership and give nurses opportunities to exercise it are equally important. Training and education, preceptorship, peer-to-peer shadowing, modelling and mentoring can all be useful in improving leadership skills and inspiring the next generation of nurse leaders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Robertson
- School of Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
| | - Tony Ryan
- School of Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
| | - Ashfaque Talpur
- School of Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rylance-Graham R. The Lived Experience of Play and How It Relates to Psychological Wellbeing: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) Study Amongst Undergraduate Students from Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health Professions' Programmes in the United Kingdom. Nurs Res Pract 2024; 2024:7871499. [PMID: 38601101 PMCID: PMC11006506 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7871499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Current literature acknowledges that undergraduate students undertaking programmes in medicine, nursing, and allied health professions experience occupational stress which presents as a detriment to mental health, psychological wellbeing (PWB), and burnout. Strategies to improve the wellbeing of students have been slow to embed and have had limited impact, indeed the issue of declining wellbeing amongst this group is escalating. Studies from the business literature suggest that organisations that foster a playful environment reap benefits in terms of employee wellbeing. This interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) study explored the lived experiences of play amongst undergraduate students from medicine, nursing, and allied health professions' programmes in the clinical practice setting. The resultant findings offer some unique empirical insights into the types of play that the students engaged in, ranging from informal banter with peers and patients to artful, sophisticated, cocreated play. The study also revealed insights about the factors which facilitate play, notably the "big personalities" on the ward. The factors which limited play are related to the tension between being a health professional and the enactment of play as well as hierarchical factors. Crucially, the study found that the practice of play induced key hedonic and eudaimonic PWB benefits to the students, ranging from positive affect to improved relationships, a sense of meaning, and a positive learning environment, offering original empirical insights. These findings have not been observed previously and shine a conceptual light on a previously unknown phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rylance-Graham
- University of Liverpool, School of Health Sciences, The Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GB, Merseyside, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carrandi A, Hu Y, McGill K, Wayland S, Karger S, Maple M. Operationalizing the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to build and support the lived experience workforce in direct health service provision. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14035. [PMID: 38567878 PMCID: PMC10989156 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The involvement of people with lived experience (LEX) workers in the development, design, and delivery of integrated health services seeks to improve service user engagement and health outcomes and reduce healthcare gaps. Yet, LEX workers report feeling undervalued and having limited influence on service delivery. There is a need for systematic improvements in how LEX workforces are engaged and supported to ensure the LEX workforce can fully contribute to integrated systems of care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to operationalize the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) using a rigorous scoping review methodology and co-creation process, so it could be used by health services seeking to build and strengthen their LEX workforce. SEARCH STRATEGY A systematic literature search of four databases was undertaken to identify peer-reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2022 providing evidence of the inclusion of LEX workers in direct health service provision. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS A descriptive-analytical method was used to map current evidence of LEX workers onto the CFIR. Then, co-creation sessions with LEX workers (n = 4) and their counterparts-nonpeer workers (n = 2)-further clarified the structural policies and strategies that allow people with LEX to actively participate in the provision and enhancement of integrated health service delivery. MAIN RESULTS Essential components underpinning the successful integration of LEX roles included: the capacity to engage in a co-creation process with individuals with LEX before the implementation of the role or intervention; and enhanced representation of LEX across organizational structures. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The adapted CFIR for LEX workers (CFIR-LEX) that was developed as a result of this work clarifies contextual components that support the successful integration of LEX roles into the development, design, and delivery of integrated health services. Further work must be done to operationalize the framework in a local context and to better understand the ongoing application of the framework in a health setting. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION People with LEX were involved in the operationalization of the CFIR, including contributing their expertise to the domain adaptations that were relevant to the LEX workforce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alayna Carrandi
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Preventative MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Yanan Hu
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
- Women's Health Economics and Value Based Care, Monash Centre for Health and Research and ImplementationMonash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Katherine McGill
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleAustralia
- Healthy Minds, Hunter Medical Research InstituteNewcastleAustralia
- Mental Health‐Research, Evaluation and Dissemination (MH‐READ), Hunter New England Local Health DistrictNewcastleAustralia
| | - Sarah Wayland
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
| | - Shae Karger
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
- Women's Health Economics and Value Based Care, Monash Centre for Health and Research and ImplementationMonash UniversityClaytonAustralia
| | - Myfanwy Maple
- Social Work, School of HealthUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Clarke JR, Gibson M, Savaglio M, Navani R, Mousa M, Boyle JA. Digital screening for mental health in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024:10.1007/s00737-024-01427-3. [PMID: 38557913 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review aimed to determine if digital screening for mental health in pregnancy and postpartum is acceptable, feasible and more effective than standard care (paper-and pen-based screening or no screening). The second aim was to identify barriers and enablers to implementing digital screening in pregnancy and postpartum. METHOD OVID MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Joanna Briggs Database and All EMB reviews incorporating Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (OVID) were systematically searched for articles that evaluated digital screening for mental health in pregnancy and postpartum between 2000 and 2021. Qualitative articles were deductively mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). RESULTS A total of 34 articles were included in the analysis, including qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. Digital screening was deemed acceptable, feasible and effective. TDF domains for common barriers included environmental context and resources, skills, social/professional role and identity and beliefs about consequences. TDF domains for common enablers included knowledge, social influences, emotion and behavioural regulation. CONCLUSION When planning to implement digital screening, consideration should be made to have adequate training, education and manageable workload for healthcare professionals (HCP's). Organisational resources and support are important, as well as the choice of the appropriate digital screening assessment and application setting for women. Theory-informed recommendations are provided for both healthcare professionals and women to inform future clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn R Clarke
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melanie Gibson
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Te Tātai Hauora o Hine - National Centre for Women's Health Research Aotearoa, Wellington Faculty of Health,, Victoria University of Wellington,, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Savaglio
- Health and Social Care Unit (HSCU), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (SPHPM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mariam Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jacqueline A Boyle
- Health Systems and Equity, Eastern Health Clinical School,, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hoe J, Profyri E, Kemp C, Manela M, Webster L, Anthony J, Costafreda S, Arrojo F, Souris H, Livingston G. Risk assessment for people living with dementia: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr 2024; 36:263-288. [PMID: 38053362 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223004398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review identified key components of risk assessment for people with dementia, examined attitudes toward risk identification and risk assessment, and appraised existing risk assessment tools. METHODS Systematic searches of five databases on two platforms (EBSCO, OVID) and gray literature databases (Open Grey, Base) were conducted. Studies were screened for inclusion based on predetermined eligibility criteria and quality assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were tabulated and synthesized using thematic synthesis. RESULTS Our review found people with dementia, their family carers, and healthcare professionals differed in how risk is conceptualized, with views being shaped by media perceptions, personal experiences, socio-cultural influences, dementia knowledge, and dementia severity. We found that mobilization (causing falls inside and getting lost outside) is the most frequently identified risk factor. Our findings show people with dementia are generally risk-tolerant, while healthcare professionals may adopt risk-averse approaches because of organizational requirements. We found factors that disrupt daily routines, living and caring arrangements, medication management, and unclear care pathways contribute toward adverse risk events. We discovered that most studies about risk and risk assessment scales did not consider insight of the person with dementia into risks although this is important for the impact of a risk. No risk instrument identified had sufficient evidence that it was useful. CONCLUSION Accurate risk assessment and effective communication strategies that include the perspectives of people with dementia are needed to enable risk-tolerant practice. No risk instrument to date was shown to be widely acceptable and useful in practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juanita Hoe
- Geller Institute of Ageing and Memory, University of West London, London, UK
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
| | - Elena Profyri
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Kemp
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
| | - Monica Manela
- UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London, UK
| | - Lucy Webster
- UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London, UK
- Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Justine Anthony
- School of Health Sciences, University of London, London, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Sergi Costafreda
- UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London, UK
- Camden, and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, St Pancras Hospital, London, UK
| | - Frank Arrojo
- Alzheimer's Society Research Network, Alzheimer's Society, London, UK
| | - Helen Souris
- Camden, and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, St Pancras Hospital, London, UK
- Dementia Clinical Network, NHS England and NHS Improvement (London Region, London, UK
| | - Gill Livingston
- UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London, UK
- Camden, and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, St Pancras Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gorczynski P, Sims-Schouten W. Evaluating mental health literacy amongst US college students: a cross sectional study. J Am Coll Health 2024; 72:676-679. [PMID: 35471990 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2063690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study examined levels of mental health literacy amongst US university students, as well as relationships between mental health literacy, help-seeking behaviors, and mental health outcomes. Participants: Three hundred and twenty-six (326) US university students participated in this study online. Methods: Participants filled out questionnaires that assessed their mental health literacy, intentions to seek support, psychological distress, wellbeing, and self-compassion. Results: The mean mental health literacy score was 123.96 (SD = 16.01). Women scored significantly higher than men (p < .01) on mental health literacy. Individuals who had a previous mental disorder diagnosis had significantly higher scores than those with no previous diagnosis (p < .01). A significant positive relationship was found between mental health literacy and self-compassion (p < .01). Conclusions: Our research highlights significant differences between women and men in relation to mental health literacy, psychological distress, and help-seeking behavior. There is a need to design culturally competent interventions that involve diverse students.
Collapse
|
21
|
Boutry C, Rathbone J, Gibbons F, Brooks D, Moghaddam N, Mays C, Patel P, Malins S. Experiences of deliberate practice orientated psychological skills training for cancer care staff: Barriers and facilitators to learning and implementation in practice. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:467-480. [PMID: 37961944 PMCID: PMC11005300 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231210133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored participant-reported facilitators and barriers to learning and implementation from a 2-day training in psychological assessment and intervention skills for cancer staff, involving deliberate practice and supervision. Twenty-six semi-structured interviews were analysed using thematic analysis leading to four meta-themes: perceived practicality of training, impact of training: practice and its effects, implementation transfer processes and supervision engagement. Analysis identified a learning process to implementation: observation and practice of techniques during training facilitated participant learning; personal use and relevance of training content encouraged reflection, which enabled selection of appropriate tools for clinical practice; gains in commitment and confidence to use techniques supported participants to adapt clinical consultations, and supervision further facilitated implementation. Changing practice increased confidence, sense of achievement and engagement with participants' own wellbeing. Interactive training, deliberate practice and continuous learning were facilitators to implementation whilst time constraint and low confidence in using techniques in remote consultations were barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dan Brooks
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Derbyshire Community Health Services NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Chloe Mays
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Sam Malins
- University of Nottingham, UK
- Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Evans M, Cuddeback GS, Golin C, Muessig K, Bellamy C, Costa M, O'Connell M, Fisher EB. Diverse elements comprising studies of peer support complicate evidence synthesis. J Ment Health 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38556804 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2024.2332798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innovative approaches to care, such as peer support, are needed to address the substantial and frequently unmet needs of people with serious mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. Although peer support services continue to expand in mental healthcare, findings of effectiveness from systematic reviews are mixed. However, the studies evaluated in these reviews consisted of diverse elements which the review methods neglected to consider. AIMS This review aims to demonstrate the substantial diversity in intervention components and measured outcomes among studies of peer support and lay the groundwork for more focused reviews of individual intervention components. METHODS As part of a realist review of the literature, here we synthesize evidence in a way that examines the substantial diversity in intervention components and measured outcomes comprising studies of peer support. RESULTS Seven categories of outcomes were represented, including recovery, symptoms and functioning, and care utilization. Importantly, seven distinct intervention components were represented in 26 studies: "being there," assistance in self-management, linkage to clinical care and community resources, social and emotional support, ongoing support, explicit utilization of shared lived experience or peer support values, and systems advocacy. Reflecting diversity in approaches, no study reported all intervention components, and no component was found among all studies. IMPLICATIONS Peer support services constitute a category of intervention approaches far too varied to evaluate as a single entity. Results suggest intervention components deserving more focused research, including assistance in self-management, "being there," and explicit utilization of shared lived experience or peer support values. PRISMA/PROSPERO As this article reports results from a realist review of the literature, we did not follow the PRISMA guidance which is suitable for systematic reviews. We did follow the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) guidelines.This review was not registered on PROSPERO as it is not a systematic review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Evans
- Program for Recovery and Community Health, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gary S Cuddeback
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Carol Golin
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn Muessig
- College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Chyrell Bellamy
- Program for Recovery and Community Health, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark Costa
- Program for Recovery and Community Health, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maria O'Connell
- Program for Recovery and Community Health, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Edwin B Fisher
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Claisse C, Durrant AC, Branley-Bell D, Sillence E, Glascott A, Cameron A. 'Chugging along, plugging in and out of it': Understanding a place-based approach for community-based support of mental health recovery. Soc Sci Med 2024; 348:116823. [PMID: 38579629 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Community-based Mental Health (MH) organisations in the United Kingdom (UK) are facing challenges for sustaining in-person service delivery. Without empirical evidence that demonstrates the value of a place-based approach for MH recovery, and the types of resources needed to build nurturing spaces for peer support, community-based MH organisations will struggle to maintain their physical spaces. We present empirical insights from a case study involving interviews with 20 students accessing peer support services at the Recovery College Collective, a community-based MH organisation located in the North East of England. The interview study aims to evidence how a place-based approach can afford MH recovery. We draw from discourses on place-making and interpret our interview findings through an established framework that highlights four mechanisms through which place impacts recovery: place for doing, being, becoming and belonging. We use this framework to structure our findings and highlight key qualities of place for establishing and maintaining MH recovery. Our contribution is two-fold: we address a gap in the literature by providing empirical understandings of how place influences MH recovery, whilst extending previous research by considering the role that place plays in community-based organisations. This is timely because of the challenges faced in securing in-person service delivery post-pandemic, and a shift towards remote service provision models. We highlight key implications: (i) Accessing a physical place dedicated to MH support is vital for people who do not have anywhere else to go and are socially isolated due to their health conditions; (ii) Connecting through peer-to-peer interaction is an integral part of the recovery process, and learning from people with lived experience can inform a place-based approach that best suit their needs; and (iii) Recognising the value of place for MH support, and the resources needed for peer support delivery in the community, will help secure places that our research participants described as lifesaving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Claisse
- Open Lab, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Abigail C Durrant
- Open Lab, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Dawn Branley-Bell
- Department of Psychology, PaCT Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Sillence
- Department of Psychology, PaCT Lab, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mills S, Kaner EFS, Ramsay SE, McKinnon I. What are the key influences and challenges around weight management faced by patients in UK adult secure mental health settings? A focused ethnographic approach. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079406. [PMID: 38553050 PMCID: PMC10982710 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excess weight is highly prevalent in secure (forensic) mental health services and impacts negatively on patients' physical and mental health. This study sought to identify the key influences and challenges around weight management in UK adult secure mental health settings. DESIGN Qualitative focused ethnography. Analysis of written fieldnotes was undertaken through a combined inductive and deductive approach, informed by thematic analysis. SETTING Low secure male mental health ward and associated patient activities and events, in a National Health Service Trust delivering mental health, intellectual disability and neurorehabilitation services in the UK. PARTICIPANTS 12 males (primarily white British) on the low secure ward; additional male participants from low and medium secure services, who took part in group events and activities; and multidisciplinary low and medium secure services staff. Approximately 23 hours of observation were undertaken over a 6-month period from April 2022. RESULTS Secure mental healthcare delivered an environment predisposing patients to excessive weight gain and sedentary behaviour, which was often perceived as inevitable. Key themes highlighted the heightened salience of food in secure settings; inadequacy of catered hospital food and shortcomings of alternative food options; limited physical activity opportunities; and a ward culture that was not conducive to healthy behaviours. Perceptions and behaviour towards the ethnographer were primarily positive and accepting. CONCLUSIONS Weight management in secure services is a complex challenge. In future, whole setting-based interventions to promote healthy weight are likely to be required. These should integrate physical and mental health, incorporate underpinning determinants such as adequate staffing and a culture promoting weight management, and involve both patients and staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Mills
- Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cumbria Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eileen F S Kaner
- Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Iain McKinnon
- Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cumbria Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jidong DE, Ike TJ, Murshed M, Nyam PP, Husain N, Jidong JE, Pwajok JY, Francis C, Mwankon SB, Okoli E. Interventions for Self-Harm and Suicidal Ideation in Africa: A Systematic Review. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38506246 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2316168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm and suicidal ideation are increasing public health concerns globally and are paramount in Africa. Therefore, a review of suicidal ideation and self-harm interventions would be beneficial in identifying culturally appropriate interventions for the African context. METHOD The Population, phenomenon of Interest and Context (PICo) model was adopted to formulate the review strategy. Thus, the Population (Africans), phenomenon of Interest (intervention) and Context (self-harm and suicidal ideation). We used this PICo strategy which is a modified version of PICO for qualitative studies. Framework with Boolean operators (AND/OR/NOT) was further used to ensure rigor through search terms such as ("Suicide" OR "suicidal ideation") AND ("Intervention" OR "Treatment" OR "Therapy" OR "Psychological" OR "Psychosocial" OR "Culturally adapted") AND "Africa" OR "African countries." Six databases were searched (Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, and Web of Science) for published articles between 2000 and March 2023. N = 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the relevant data extracted were synthesized and thematically analyzed. The review protocol was pre-registered on the PROSPERO Registry (no. CRD42021283795). RESULTS N = 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the following themes emerged from the synthesized literature and analyses of current African approaches to curbing self-harm and suicidal ideation: (a) Western medical and compassion-focused intervention (b) the helpful role of traditional healing and healers (c) psychoeducation and self-help techniques (d) use of technology and a nation-wide approach. CONCLUSION Self-harm and suicidal ideation are global health concerns. To address this health concern in Africa, the authors recommend culturally adapted psychological interventions to be tested via randomized control trials.
Collapse
|
26
|
Lu J, Yang Y, Chen H, Ma H, Tan Y. Effects of different psychosocial interventions on death anxiety in patients: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1362127. [PMID: 38562234 PMCID: PMC10982502 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This research intended to assess and compare influence of psychosocial interventions in death anxiety in patients, providing evidence-based guidance for both patients and healthcare providers. Design The present study exclusively gathered randomized controlled trials by comprehensively searching across multiple databases, comprising of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies involved in the analysis was assessed using the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool, and data analysis was performed utilizing appropriate software. Results This research, encompassing 15 randomized controlled trials with a cumulative sample size of 926 patients, spanned from the earliest possible date to December 2023. The findings of network meta-analysis unveiled that the Rational-Emotive Hospice Care Therapy significantly reduced death anxiety among patients (Sequentially Updated Cumulative Ranking Analysis: 100%). Conclusion The ranking plot of the network suggested that the rational-emotive hospice care therapy exhibited superior efficacy as a psychological treatment for reducing the death anxiety of patients.Systematic review registration: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier: [CRD42023484767].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wynter K, Mansour KA, Forbes F, Macdonald JA. Barriers and opportunities for health service access among fathers: A review of empirical evidence. Health Promot J Austr 2024. [PMID: 38494641 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Engagement with health supports benefits the whole family, yet few health services report successful engagement of fathers. Our aim was to describe available evidence on barriers and opportunities relevant to health system access for fathers. METHODS Scoping reviews were conducted seeking empirical evidence from (1) Australian studies and (2) international literature reviews. RESULTS A total of 52 Australian studies and 44 international reviews were included. The most commonly reported barriers were at the health service level, related to an exclusionary health service focus on mothers. These included both 'surface' factors (e.g., appointment times limited to traditional employment hours) and 'deep' factors, in which health service policies perpetuate traditional gender norms of mothers as 'caregivers' and fathers as 'supporters' or 'providers'. Such barriers were reported consistently, including but not limited to fathers from First Nations or culturally diverse backgrounds, those at risk of poor mental health, experiencing perinatal loss or other adverse pregnancy and birth events, and caring for children with illness, neurodevelopmental or behavioural problems. Opportunities for father engagement include offering father-specific resources and support, facilitating health professionals' confidence and training in working with fathers, and 'gateway consultations', including engaging fathers via appointments for mothers or infants. Ideally, top-down policies should support fathers as infant caregivers in a family-based approach. CONCLUSIONS Although barriers and opportunities exist at individual and cultural levels, health services hold the key to improved engagement of fathers. SO WHAT?: Evidence-based, innovative strategies, informed by fathers' needs and healthy masculinities, are needed to engage fathers in health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wynter
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kayla A Mansour
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Faye Forbes
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqui A Macdonald
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Baklola M, Terra M, Taha A, Elnemr M, Yaseen M, Maher A, Buzaid AH, Alenazi R, Osman Mohamed SA, Abdelhady D, El-Gilany AH. Mental health literacy and help-seeking behaviour among Egyptian undergraduates: a cross-sectional national study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:202. [PMID: 38475754 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) and help-seeking behaviors are pivotal in managing mental well-being, especially among Egyptian undergraduates. Despite the importance and prevalent psychological distress in this group, limited research has addressed MHL and associated behaviors in Egypt. This study aimed to assess the levels of MHL and help-seeking behavior among Egyptian university students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted across ten Egyptian universities during the academic year 2022-2023. A convenience sample of 1740 students was obtained through online questionnaires distributed via social media platforms. The survey comprised demographic characteristics, the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS), and the General Help Seeking Behavior Questionnaire (GHSPQ). RESULTS Among 1740 Egyptian undergraduates, medical students scored higher in recognizing disorders (p < 0.05), while non-medical students excelled in attitudes (p < 0.05). A strong correlation was observed between attitudes toward mental illness and total mental health literacy (coefficients of 0.664 and 0.657). Univariate analysis indicated a significant association with professional help-seeking (OR = 1.023). Females, individuals aged 21 or above, and non-medical students were more likely to seek mental health information (OR = 1.42, 1.82, 1.55 respectively). Help-seeking behavior for emotional problems was more inclined towards intimate partners, whereas suicidal thoughts prompted seeking professional help. CONCLUSION The findings advocate for comprehensive mental health education, particularly in rural areas, and emphasis on the role of personal relationships in mental well-being. Implementing these insights could foster improved mental health outcomes and reduce related stigma in Egypt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Terra
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Anhar Taha
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Maher
- Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Rahaf Alenazi
- Medical intern, Buraydah central hospital, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Doaa Abdelhady
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
McCormack Z, Kerr A, Simpson A, Keating D, Strawbridge J. What works for whom, how and why in mental health education for undergraduate health profession students? A realist synthesis protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e078130. [PMID: 38471690 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been shown that mental health education can support positive attitudes of health profession students towards people with mental health challenges, which supports them to provide optimal healthcare to this group. There are many different approaches to designing and delivering mental health education to health profession students. Each has their own advantages and disadvantages, and often mental health education programmes incorporate a multimodal approach in order to reap the benefits of a variety of teaching and learning approaches. The aim of this study is to understand the current landscape of teaching and learning approaches to mental health education for undergraduate health profession students. We will examine the features of successful outcomes for health profession students for:Learning environment.Knowledge development and retention.Confidence. MOTIVATION Preparedness for professional practice. METHODS For this, a realist synthesis has been chosen in order to review the literature. Realist synthesis lends itself to the review of complex interventions such as mental health education for undergraduate health profession curricula because it seeks to uncover the range of different mechanisms and context configurations that produce different outcomes. Health profession education and education practice, in general, is complex. A patient and public involvement (PPI) group is involved throughout this study and includes undergraduate health profession students, and members of the St John of Gods Hospital Consumers and Carers Council who are involved at every stage of the research. This study will engage with a stakeholder group who will support the refining of the programme theory. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been sought and approved by Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland Ethical Committee (REC number: 212622783). We will aim to write up and publish the full synthesis as a journal article. We will also discuss ways of dissemination outside of academia with our PPI group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe McCormack
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Kerr
- School of Pharmacy Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Andrew Simpson
- Library Services, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dolores Keating
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Pharmacy Department, Saint John of God Hospitaller Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Judith Strawbridge
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Percy C, Turner A, Orr C. Developing a Novel Web-Based Self-Management Support Intervention for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mixed Methods Study With Patients and Health Care Professionals. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e52427. [PMID: 38451567 PMCID: PMC10958350 DOI: 10.2196/52427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents a significant global health burden requiring urgent attention. This common chronic endocrine and cardiometabolic condition affects around 1 in 10 women and individuals assigned female at birth, with significant adverse effects on well-being, quality of life, and mental health, as well as serious and complex long-term health consequences. International guidelines for best health care practice recommend the provision of comprehensive cognitive behavioral interventions to support self-management and improve health outcomes for those living with PCOS. Web-based health interventions have the potential to meet this need in an accessible and scalable way. OBJECTIVE We aim to identify barriers to self-management and psychological well-being in women with PCOS and adapt a web-based self-management program to provide a prototype digital support intervention for them. METHODS We adapted an existing support program (HOPE) for PCOS using the antecedent target measure approach. We conducted qualitative interviews with 13 adult women living with PCOS, 3 trustees of a patients with PCOS advocacy charity, and 4 endocrinologists to identify "antecedents" (barriers) to self-management and psychological well-being. Framework analysis was used to identify potentially modifiable antecedents to be targeted by the novel intervention. At a national conference, 58 key stakeholders (patients and health professionals) voted for the antecedents they felt were most important to address. We used research evidence and relevant theory to design a prototype for the PCOS intervention. RESULTS Voting identified 32 potentially modifiable antecedents, relating to knowledge, understanding, emotions, motivation, and behaviors, as priorities to be targeted in the new intervention. A modular, web-based prototype HOPE PCOS intervention was developed to address these, covering six broad topic areas (instilling HOPE for PCOS; managing the stress of PCOS; feeding your mind and body well; body image, intimacy, and close relationships; staying healthy with PCOS; and keeping PCOS in its place). CONCLUSIONS We identified barriers to self-management and psychological well-being in women with PCOS and used these to adapt a web-based self-management program, tailoring it for PCOS, which is a comprehensive group intervention combining education, empowerment, lifestyle management, peer support with cognitive behavioral tools, and goal-setting (to be delivered by peers or codelivered with health care professionals). The modular structure offers flexibility to adapt the program further as new clinical recommendations emerge. The intervention has the potential to be delivered, evaluated for feasibility, and, if effective, integrated into health care services. Self-management interventions are not designed to replace clinical care; rather, they serve as an additional source of support. The HOPE PCOS program conveys this message in its content and activities. Future research should evaluate the prototype intervention using primary outcomes such as measures of psychological well-being, self-management self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, and PCOS-related quality of life. They should also assess the intervention's acceptability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Percy
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Turner
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Charys Orr
- Harris Church of England Academy, Diocese of Coventry Multi Academy Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Koly KN, Saba J, Christopher E, Hossain ANN, Akter T, Rahman Z, Ahmed HU, Eaton J. Assessment of the feasibility of a community-based mental health training programme for persons with disabilities by non-specialists from different stakeholders' perspectives in Bangladesh. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:270. [PMID: 38433239 PMCID: PMC10910748 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a developing country where 11% of the population has at least one disability, but no community-level mental health service is available. There is limited evidence of the burden of mental health issues and health-seeking behaviour among this population. This study assessed the feasibility of a training intervention for persons with disabilities, where peer support providers provided community-based disability-inclusive mental health services. METHODS Four stakeholder groups participated in this qualitative study: peer responders (trained persons with disabilities), trainers, representatives of organisations of persons with disabilities and disability-specific organisations, and officials of international and national non-governmental organisations. Two types of qualitative interviews were used to collect data, and thematic analysis techniques were utilised. RESULT Stakeholders perceived the peer responder training programme as acceptable for persons with disabilities to develop themselves as peer support providers, with potential benefits including increased mental health literacy, ensuring accessible mental health services, and improving the well-being of persons with disabilities. Potential challenges included receiving training and delivering services. Increased training duration, more fieldwork, supervision opportunities, and refresher training were recommended to mitigate training challenges. Financial support and formal community recognition were deemed necessary for training delivery. CONCLUSION The peer responder training programme was feasible to ensure accessible mental health services for persons with disabilities, build a workforce to screen for mental health conditions, and provide appropriate referrals. A multi-sectoral collaboration of government and non-governmental institutions is recommended to policy advocates to expand the peer responder training programme in the mainstream mental healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamrun Nahar Koly
- Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Jobaida Saba
- Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Enryka Christopher
- Trauma and Community Resilience Center, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anan Nisat Nabela Hossain
- Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Taslima Akter
- Centre for Disability in Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zakia Rahman
- CBM Bangladesh Country Office (CBMBCO), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Julian Eaton
- Centre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- CBM Global Disability and Inclusion, Laudenbach, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Friesen P, Wusinich C, Lynch K, Russell D. "A Light at the End of the Tunnel": Experiences With Peer Specialists in the Open Dialogue Model. Psychiatr Serv 2024; 75:283-286. [PMID: 37752824 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors examined participants' experiences with peer specialists in Parachute NYC, a community mental health program of support teams trained in Open Dialogue and intentional peer support. METHODS Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight enrollees and 10 network members (enrollees' family members). All excerpts coded as pertaining to peers were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Experiences with peer specialists were mostly positive. Participants especially valued peers' relatability and tendency to instill hope and engender empathy among enrollees and network members; peers' ability to foster community connections was also highly regarded. Generally, enrollees benefited from having peers and other health care professionals on a Parachute team because of their different forms of expertise. Concerns about peer specialists in dialogic care were reported by some network members, who questioned peers' degree of shared experiences, professionalism, and contributions to team unity. CONCLUSIONS Despite generally positive findings, the optimal role for peers within the Open Dialogue model needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Friesen
- Department of Equity, Ethics and Policy and Department of Social Studies of Medicine (Friesen) and Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Lynch), McGill University, Montreal; Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York City (Wusinich); Center for Home Care Policy and Research, VNS Health, New York City, and Department of Sociology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina (Russell)
| | - Christina Wusinich
- Department of Equity, Ethics and Policy and Department of Social Studies of Medicine (Friesen) and Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Lynch), McGill University, Montreal; Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York City (Wusinich); Center for Home Care Policy and Research, VNS Health, New York City, and Department of Sociology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina (Russell)
| | - Katherine Lynch
- Department of Equity, Ethics and Policy and Department of Social Studies of Medicine (Friesen) and Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Lynch), McGill University, Montreal; Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York City (Wusinich); Center for Home Care Policy and Research, VNS Health, New York City, and Department of Sociology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina (Russell)
| | - David Russell
- Department of Equity, Ethics and Policy and Department of Social Studies of Medicine (Friesen) and Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Lynch), McGill University, Montreal; Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York City (Wusinich); Center for Home Care Policy and Research, VNS Health, New York City, and Department of Sociology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina (Russell)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
McKellar L, Martinez L, De Sousa Machado T, Eden A, Stoodley C, Adelson P. Evaluation of a pilot online education program to develop midwives' knowledge, skill and confidence in perinatal mental health in rural South Australia. Women Birth 2024; 37:355-361. [PMID: 38072708 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
One in five women will experience perinatal anxiety and/or depression. In South Australia, a rural health service identified a high proportion of women with risk of perinatal mental health challenges and sought additional education for midwives. In response, a six-week facilitated, online perinatal mental health education program (e-PMHEP) was piloted. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the (e-PMHEP) for rural midwives, nurses and Aboriginal maternal infant care practitioners. METHOD Program evaluation incorporated a validated online pre/post survey to assess self-reported knowledge, skill and confidence regarding perinatal mental healthcare. Additional questions sought feedback on satisfaction and feasibility. FINDINGS Sixteen participants from rural South Australia engaged in the project from June to August 2022. Twelve participants completed the online pre/post survey. The overall pre/post knowledge scores were statistically significant (t = 2.73, 8df, p = 0.025) with improvement from the pre to post-test. Pre/post data also showed a measurable increase in confidence and skills. All respondents agreed that the content addressed their learning needs and would recommend this program to other practitioners. DISCUSSION The e-PMHEP appeared beneficial in developing knowledge, skills and confidence regarding perinatal mental healthcare in rural midwives and practitioners. Only a third of practitioners routinely developed a mental health care plan with women. Key strengths of the program included the accessible content, and the combination of an experienced mental health clinician and a facilitator with lived experience. CONCLUSION Providing an accessible, facilitated online perinatal mental health education program could be beneficial for rural midwives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois McKellar
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, United Kingdom.
| | - Lee Martinez
- UniSA Department of Rural Health, University of South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Amye Eden
- UniSA Health and Clinical Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Cathy Stoodley
- UniSA Health and Clinical Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Pam Adelson
- Rosemary Bryant (AO) Research Centre, University of South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ekdahl S, Carlson E, Idvall E, Perseius KI. Need of support for significant others to persons with borderline personality disorder-A Swedish focus group study. Scand J Caring Sci 2024; 38:240-248. [PMID: 37846882 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being a significant other (SO) to a person with borderline personality disorder (BPD) affect their health. High incidence of substance use disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, stress, fear, anxiety, depression, family burden and grief are common. Some specific therapies for BPD, have included support to SOs, however resources are scarce and to participate in the support it assumes that the person with BPD is included in these therapies. Although the SO support has been shown to be helpful, they all have a similar structure, and only a small exclusive group of SOs have access to the support. AIM The aim was to describe experiences and need of support for significant others to persons with borderline personality disorder from the perspective of themselves and of health care workers. METHODS Data was collected via two focus groups. One with five SOs to persons with BPD, one with five health care workers. Two interview sessions in each group were conducted and data were analysed with qualitative content analysis. The study was approved by the research ethics committee of Lund (2016-1026). RESULTS The results revealed four themes; not being seen by health care professionals creates hopelessness, being seen by healthcare professionals creates trust, experience of support - helpful or shameful and the step from loosely structured support to a structured support group. Both groups expressed a need for further support as a complement to already existing support. CONCLUSIONS The need of support is extensive. The results suggest a professional coordinator intended for SOs and peer support groups not linked to a particular psychiatric treatment yet offering support in a structured way. Further studies examining these complements to existing support, is therefore recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Ekdahl
- Nyckeln Competence Center, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Care Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Ewa Idvall
- Department of Care Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kent-Inge Perseius
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Adu P, Jurcik T, Demah E, Korang PT, Grigoryev D. Mental health literacy for social phobia in Ghana: Investigation of gender stereotypes and previous experience for recognition rates and prejudice. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:271-281. [PMID: 37968913 PMCID: PMC10913351 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231206055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) research has been of substantial interest internationally. Nevertheless, the interplay between beliefs, attitudes, previous experience with mental disorders, and knowledge of Ghanaians on specific mental disorders remains to be understood. The present study explored the interconnectedness between gender stereotypes, prejudice, previous experience with social phobia, and MHL among the general population in Ghana. METHOD Six hundred and one Ghanaians were recruited for an online experimental study design using a survey approach for data gathering. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (i.e., male and female vignettes) depicting symptoms of social phobia for a hypothetical person. Participants further completed self-reported measures including gender stereotypes (based on Ambivalent Sexism Inventory) and prejudice. RESULTS Results revealed a 15.5% recognition rate for social phobia. Recognition rates of social phobia did not differ by the experimental condition or by the gender of participants. However, personal experience of social phobia was positively related to an increased likelihood of correctly labeling social phobia among men in the female vignette condition, whereas correct recognition of social phobia was negatively related to prejudice among women in the male vignette condition. In the male vignette condition, men with more hostile sexism attitudes toward men exhibited more prejudice toward their hypothetical male counterpart. In contrast, women with hostile sexism attitudes toward men exhibited less prejudice, but greater benevolent sexism attitudes toward men was associated with more prejudice toward the hypothetical male in the vignette. CONCLUSION Findings from the current study emphasize the role of the cultural milieu in shaping effective mental health interventions. The results also have implications for promoting MHL to reduce prejudice in Ghana and other developing countries in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adu
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ahuvia IL, Sotomayor I, Kwong K, Lam FW, Mirza A, Schleider JL. Causal beliefs about mental illness: A scoping review. Soc Sci Med 2024; 345:116670. [PMID: 38402842 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Research on causal beliefs about mental illness-the beliefs people hold about what causes a particular mental illness, or mental illnesses in general-is split across a number of theories and disciplines. Although research on this subject has provided a number of insights and practical applications, the diversity of theories, terminology, and keywords makes it challenging for a new reader to gain a comprehensive understanding. We sought to address this by conducting a systematic scoping review of research on causal beliefs. This review included English-language articles from any year that mentioned causal beliefs for mental illness in their title or abstract. We identified articles in two stages. In the first stage, we used a narrow set of search terms referring specifically to causal beliefs (1227 records identified, 417 included). In the second stage, we used a comprehensive set of terms relevant to research on causal beliefs (10,418 records identified, 3838 included). We analyzed articles qualitatively, organizing them into one of five theories or categories: the common-sense model of self-regulation, explanatory models, mental health literacy, biogenetic causal beliefs, and other research on causal beliefs. We provide a comprehensive summary of these literatures in terms of their history, typical research questions and study design, findings, and practical applications. These theories differ in their theoretical orientation towards causal beliefs, research methods, findings, and applications. However, they broadly share a view of causal beliefs as multifaceted, culturally determined, and relevant for additional psychosocial variables such as mental illness stigma and help-seeking. We conclude by making recommendations for researchers, clinicians, public health messaging, and for individuals with mental illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac L Ahuvia
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2500, USA.
| | - Ian Sotomayor
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2500, USA
| | - Kelly Kwong
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2500, USA
| | - Fiona W Lam
- Stony Brook University, Department of Psychology Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2500, USA
| | - Aqsa Mirza
- New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development 246 Greene St. New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jessica L Schleider
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Medical Social Sciences, 625 N. Michigan Ave., 21st Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kalocsai C, Agrawal S, de Bie L, Beder M, Bellissimo G, Berkhout S, Johnson A, McNaughton N, Rodak T, McCullough K, Soklaridis S. Power to the people? A co-produced critical review of service user involvement in mental health professions education. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2024; 29:273-300. [PMID: 37247126 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-023-10240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Meaningful service user involvement in health professions education requires integrating knowledge held by "lay" people affected by health challenges into professional theories and practices. Involving service users redefines whose knowledge "counts" and implies a shift in power. Such a shift is especially significant in the mental health field, where power imbalances between health professionals and service users are magnified. However, reviews of the literature on service user involvement in mental health professional education do little to explore how power manifests in this work. Meanwhile critical and Mad studies scholars have highlighted that without real shifts in power, inclusion practices can lead to harmful consequences. We conducted a critical review to explore how power is addressed in the literature that describes service user involvement in mental health professions education. Our team used a co-produced approach and critical theories to identify how power implicitly and explicitly operates in this work to unearth the inequities and power structures that service user involvement may inadvertently perpetuate. We demonstrate that power permeates service user involvement in mental health professional education but is rarely made visible. We also argue that by missing the opportunity to locate power, the literature contributes to a series of epistemic injustices that reveal the contours of legitimate knowledge in mental health professions education and its neoliberal underpinnings. Ultimately, we call for a critical turn that foregrounds power relations to unlock the social justice-oriented transformative potential of service user involvement in mental health professions education and health professions education more broadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Kalocsai
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Sacha Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lee de Bie
- Centre for Clinical Ethics, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michaela Beder
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gail Bellissimo
- Independent service user educator researcher, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suze Berkhout
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Johnson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy McNaughton
- Wilson Centre for Research in Education at University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Michener Institute of Education at University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Terri Rodak
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kim McCullough
- Department of Social Work, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sophie Soklaridis
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wythe H, Attavar R, Jones J, Kelly J, Palmer C, Jenkins L, Dekker R, Fearns D, Watkins S, Hunt A, Pattison N. Evaluating the usefulness of a wordless picture book for adults with intellectual disabilities about the COVID-19 vaccination programme using co-production: The CAREVIS study. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13203. [PMID: 38369311 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the usefulness of a co-designed wordless book showing processes of receiving COVID-19 vaccines designed by, and for, adults with intellectual disabilities. METHODS A qualitative evaluation of the resource using mixed methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people with intellectual disabilities, carers and health professionals about resource content, and use. This was analysed thematically. A survey was circulated to intellectual disabilities networks to understand resource need, use, sharing and content. RESULTS Understanding the COVID-19 vaccine was a process, not a single event using one resource. A visual resource had a place in facilitating conversations about vaccines between people with intellectual disabilities and carers. Differing perspectives were expressed regarding personal needs, existing awareness of vaccine programmes and communication preferences. Changes were suggested to improve the suggested storyline and relevance around COVID-19 restrictions changing. CONCLUSION A visual resource may help conversations about the COVID-19 vaccine for people with intellectual disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Wythe
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Raj Attavar
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Julia Jones
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jackie Kelly
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | | | | | - Debra Fearns
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Scott Watkins
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Anne Hunt
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Natalie Pattison
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
- East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Hertfordshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cénat JM, Broussard C, Jacob G, Kogan C, Corace K, Ukwu G, Onesi O, Furyk SE, Bekarkhanechi FM, Williams M, Chomienne MH, Grenier J, Labelle PR. Antiracist training programs for mental health professionals: A scoping review. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 108:102373. [PMID: 38232574 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Racism has been shown to be directly deleterious to the mental health care received by minoritized peoples. In response, some mental health institutions have pledged to provide antiracist mental health care, which includes training mental health care professionals in this approach. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing published material on antiracist training programs among mental health care professionals. To identify studies, a comprehensive search strategy was developed and executed by a research librarian in October 2022 across seven databases (APA PsycInfo, Education Source, Embase, ERIC, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science). Subject headings and keywords relating to antiracist training as well as to mental health professionals were used and combined. There were 7186 studies generated by the initial search and 377 by the update search, 30 were retained and included. Findings revealed four main antiracist competencies to develop in mental health professionals: importance of understanding the cultural, social, and historical context at the root of the mental health problems; developing awareness of individual biases, self-identity and privilege; recognizing oppressive and racism-sustaining behaviors in mental health care settings; and, employing antiracist competencies in therapy. Professionals who have taken trainings having the main components have developed skills on the interconnectedness between racialized groups' mental health and the cultural, religious, social, historical, economic, and political issues surrounding race, necessary for successful clinical practice and for providing anti-racist mental health care. This scoping review presents a summary of the essential antiracist competencies drawn from the literature which must be applied in a mental health care setting, to improve help seeking behaviors, and reduce distrust in mental health care professionals and settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jude Mary Cénat
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Research Chair on Black Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Cathy Broussard
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace Jacob
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cary Kogan
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Institute for Mental Health at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Corace
- The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Institute for Mental Health at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gloria Ukwu
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivia Onesi
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Monnica Williams
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Canada Research Chair on Mental Health Disparities, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Chomienne
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Research Chair on the Health Status of Black Immigrant Francophones, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shinno S, Matsumoto K, Hamatani S, Inaba Y, Ozawa Y, Kawasaki Y, Ikai T, Sutoh C, Hayashi H, Shimizu E. Feasibility of Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder and Social Anxiety Disorder in Japan: Pilot Single-Arm Trial. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e53659. [PMID: 38421717 PMCID: PMC10940979 DOI: 10.2196/53659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in treating anxiety disorders. Accessibility to CBT has been limited in Japan due to the shortage of therapists. While an open-source e-learning system can be used to create a simple internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) program, the safety and outpatient acceptance of this treatment approach have not been explored in Japan. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether outpatients with anxiety disorders could accept and successfully complete the ICBT program with guidance by CBT therapists when implementing therapeutic modules and CBT tasks. Due to being in the initial phase of a novel treatment in Japan, this study was intended for verification with a small sample size. METHODS In total, 6 adults, including 4 male participants and 2 female participants, were enrolled in a single-arm trial. The intervention involved guided ICBT comprising 12 sessions, including CBT text, comprehension confirmation tests, and explanatory videos about cognitive behavioral models, accessible through a website. The therapist guided the participants in accessing the ICBT program and answering their questions using a chat tool. The primary outcome was anxiety severity assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait. Secondary outcomes included the Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form (WAI-SF). Statistical analyses were performed using paired 2-tailed t tests to assess the changes in clinical symptoms. The total WAI-SF score at the final session was used to evaluate the therapeutic alliance. For statistical analyses, mean changes for total State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait, BAI, Panic Disorder Severity Scale, LSAS, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores were analyzed using the paired 2-tailed t test. The 2-sided significance level for hypothesis testing was set at 5%, and 2-sided 95% CIs were calculated. RESULTS Most participants diligently engaged with the ICBT program. No adverse events were reported. The mean total scores for the primary outcome decreased by 11.0 (SD 9.6) points (95% CI -22.2 to 0.20; Hedges g=0.95), but it was not statistically significant. The mean total scores for the secondary outcomes that assess clinical symptoms decreased, with a significant reduction observed in the BAI of 15.7 (SD 12.1) points (95% CI -28.4 to -3.0; P=.03; Hedges g=1.24). The mean total scores for PDSS and LSAS decreased significantly, by 12.0 (SD 4.24) points (95% CI -50.1 to 26.1; P=.16; Hedges g=1.79) and 32.4 (SD 11.1) points (95% CI -59.7 to -4.3; P=.04; Hedges g=1.38), respectively. Of the participants, 67% (n=4) showed treatment response, and 50% (n=3) achieved remission after the intervention. The therapeutic alliance, measured using the WAI-SF, was moderate. CONCLUSIONS Guided ICBT may be feasible for the treatment of outpatients with panic disorder and social anxiety disorder in Japan. TRIAL REGISTRATION University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry UMIN0000038118; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000043439.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seina Shinno
- Department of Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsumoto
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Kagoshima University Medical and Dental Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sayo Hamatani
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inaba
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Ozawa
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ikai
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Division of Medicine Primary Health Care, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sutoh
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hayashi
- Department of Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Emergency and General Medicine, Fukui University Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Creery A, Davies EL. Drinking and mental health in middle adulthood: exploring the impact of wellbeing, mental health literacy, and drinking motives on risk of alcohol dependence. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38415364 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2320134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Risky drinking is a concern among UK-based middle-aged adults. We aimed to explore the relationship between risky drinking, drinking motives, wellbeing, and mental health literacy (MHL). METHOD Cross-sectional analysis of online survey data completed by 193 UK-based adults aged 40-65 who drank alcohol, incorporating the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (DMQ-R); Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS); Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and demographic questions. RESULTS Coping, enhancement and conformity motives and gender significantly predicted higher AUDIT scores (measuring risky drinking). Enhancement motives were found to mediate the relationship between the self-help component of MHL and AUDIT scores, while coping motives mediated the association between wellbeing and AUDIT scores. CONCLUSION Findings support research emphasising the influence of drinking motives on risky drinking and highlights how low wellbeing may interact with coping motives to explain risky drinking among middle-aged adults, particularly men. Interventions supporting individuals to understand the relationship between drinking motives and risky drinking, develop adaptive coping strategies, and address the causes of low wellbeing, may be beneficial. However, as the sample was 84% ethnically White, 64% women, 85% educated to at least undergraduate level, and reported a relatively high mean socioeconomic status (6.98 out of 10), the results may not generalise beyond these groups. Future research should use stratified sampling to increase generalisability, as well as exploring whether alcohol-specific, component-specific, or disorder-specific MHL is associated with risky drinking and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Creery
- Department of Psychology, Health and Professional Development, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L Davies
- Department of Psychology, Health and Professional Development, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rikhotso TN, Maluleke M, Raliphaswa NS, Masutha TC, Rangwaneni ME. Facilitation of the mental health of adolescents abusing substances: A concept analysis. Health SA 2024; 29:2343. [PMID: 38445032 PMCID: PMC10913184 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The use and abuse of substances, especially among the youth, continues to be of serious concern within the international community. This behaviour affects them as individuals, their families, the community in which they live, and society at large. Findings from a study conducted by the researcher indicate that adolescents who abuse substances experience a range of emotional, physical, academic and social setbacks, and challenges. Ultimately, the mental health of these adolescents is affected. Aim The study aims to identify and define the central concept 'facilitation of mental health' of adolescents abusing substances. Setting The researcher's minor dissertation, whereby the lived experiences of adolescents abusing substances were explored. The basic elements, structure and functions were examined and analysed. Methods The concept's basic elements, structure and functions were examined, followed by an analysis and reasoning strategies to define the central concept. The process was implemented over two phases. Results The central concept 'facilitation of mental health' of adolescents abusing substances was identified and defined using dictionary and subject definitions. Conclusion The identification and definition of the central concept is an important part of developing a model as a frame of reference for psychiatric nurses to facilitate the mental health of adolescents abusing substances. Contribution The findings of the study would assist in the development of a model as a frame of reference for psychiatric nurses to facilitate the mental health of adolescents abusing substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinyiko N Rikhotso
- Department of Advanced Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mary Maluleke
- Department of Advanced Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Ndidzulafhi S Raliphaswa
- Department of Advanced Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Thingahangwi C Masutha
- Department of Advanced Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Mphedziseni E Rangwaneni
- Department of Advanced Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Berardi C, Antonini M, Jordan Z, Wechtler H, Paolucci F, Hinwood M. Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital technologies in mental health systems: a qualitative systematic review to inform a policy framework. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:243. [PMID: 38408938 PMCID: PMC10898174 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the potential for improved population mental health and wellbeing, the integration of mental health digital interventions has been difficult to achieve. In this qualitative systematic review, we aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of digital technologies in mental healthcare systems, and map these to an implementation framework to inform policy development. METHODS We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for primary research articles published between January 2010 and 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they reported barriers and/or facilitators to the integration of any digital mental healthcare technologies. Data were extracted using EPPI-Reviewer Web and analysed thematically via inductive and deductive cycles. RESULTS Of 12,525 references identified initially, 81 studies were included in the final analysis. Barriers and facilitators were grouped within an implementation (evidence-practice gap) framework across six domains, organised by four levels of mental healthcare systems. Broadly, implementation was hindered by the perception of digital technologies as impersonal tools that add additional burden of care onto both providers and patients, and change relational power asymmetries; an absence of resources; and regulatory complexities that impede access to universal coverage. Facilitators included person-cantered approaches that consider patients' intersectional features e.g., gender, class, disability, illness severity; evidence-based training for providers; collaboration among colleagues; appropriate investment in human and financial resources; and policy reforms that tackle universal access to digital health. CONCLUSION It is important to consider the complex and interrelated nature of barriers across different domains and levels of the mental health system. To facilitate the equitable, sustainable, and long-term digital transition of mental health systems, policymakers should consider a systemic approach to collaboration between public and private sectors to inform evidence-based planning and strengthen mental health systems. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION The protocol is registered on PROSPERO, CRD42021276838.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Berardi
- Newcastle Business School, The University of Newcastle, Hunter St & Auckland St, 2300, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Marcello Antonini
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
| | - Zephanie Jordan
- Newcastle Business School, The University of Newcastle, Hunter St & Auckland St, 2300, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Heidi Wechtler
- Newcastle Business School, The University of Newcastle, Hunter St & Auckland St, 2300, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Newcastle Business School, The University of Newcastle, Hunter St & Auckland St, 2300, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Madeleine Hinwood
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kjellström S, Sarre S, Masterson D. The complexity of leadership in coproduction practices: a guiding framework based on a systematic literature review. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:219. [PMID: 38368329 PMCID: PMC10873973 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As coproduction in public services increases, understanding the role of leadership in this context is essential to the tasks of establishing relational partnerships and addressing power differentials among groups. The aims of this review are to explore models of coproduction leadership and the processes involved in leading coproduction as well as, based on that exploration, to develop a guiding framework for coproduction practices. METHODS A systematic review that synthesizes the evidence reported by 73 papers related to coproduction of health and welfare. RESULTS Despite the fact that models of coleadership and collective leadership exhibit a better fit with the relational character of coproduction, the majority of the articles included in this review employed a leader-centric underlying theory. The practice of coproduction leadership is a complex activity pertaining to interactions among people, encompassing nine essential practices: initiating, power-sharing, training, supporting, establishing trust, communicating, networking, orchestration, and implementation. CONCLUSIONS This paper proposes a novel framework for coproduction leadership practices based on a systematic review of the literature and a set of reflective questions. This framework aims to help coproduction leaders and participants understand the complexity, diversity, and flexibility of coproduction leadership and to challenge and enhance their capacity to collaborate effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kjellström
- The Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Barnarpsgatan 39, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Sarre
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Masterson
- The Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Barnarpsgatan 39, Jönköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jidong DE, Ike TJ, Husain N, Francis C, Husain MO, Mwankon SB, Murshed M, Jidong JE, Jack DB, Nyam PP, Bassett P, Pwajok JY, Taru MY, Nwoga CN. Perspectives on Self-Harm and Suicidal Ideation in Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study of Patients, Family Caregivers, Clinicians, and the Public. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38363148 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2314520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and self-harm are global disease burden that contributes significantly to years of lost life and mortality. Despite the increasing rates of suicide and self-harm in Nigeria, this topic is understudied. METHODS A mixed-methods design was adopted. Study 1 interviewed n = 18 participants (n = 11 clinicians; n = 5 patients with a history of self-harm and suicide ideation; and n = 2 caregivers). All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using IPA. Study 2 surveyed n = 562 non-clinical sample about their tolerance toward self-harm and the data was analyzed using One-way ANOVA in SPSS. RESULTS Study 1 qualitative findings showed substance use, perceived rejection and social isolation were considered predisposing factors for suicide and self-harm. Cultural and religious beliefs shaped help-seeking behaviours. Although Study 2 found no significant differences in demographic characteristics concerning public tolerance toward persons with a history of self-harm, 64% believed that individuals who died by suicide would face punishment after death; 51% believed that victims of attempted suicide are a source of shame to their families; and 33.8% agreed that dying by suicide is the correct behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Patients with a history of self-harm and suicidal ideation consider family members and close friends as valuable sources of support. Due to the potential clinical implication of cultural and religious beliefs, as shown in the present study's findings, the authors recommend a co-development of culturally appropriate psychological intervention for persons with a history of self-harm and suicidal ideation to be tested in randomized control trials.
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu JYW, Mak PY, Chan K, Cheung DSK, Cheung K, Fong KNK, Kor PPK, Lai TKH, Maximo T. The Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality-Assisted Experiential Learning on Enhancing Empathy in Undergraduate Health Care Students Toward Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Multiple-Methods Study. JMIR Med Educ 2024; 10:e48566. [PMID: 38358800 PMCID: PMC10905348 DOI: 10.2196/48566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immersive virtual reality (IVR)-assisted experiential learning has the potential to foster empathy among undergraduate health care students toward older adults with cognitive impairment by facilitating a sense of embodiment. However, the extent of its effectiveness, including enhancing students' learning experiences and achieving intended learning outcomes, remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the impacts of IVR-assisted experiential learning on the empathy of undergraduate health care students toward older people with cognitive impairment as the primary outcome (objective 1) and on their learning experience (objective 2) and their attainment of learning outcomes as the secondary outcomes (objective 3). METHODS A multiple-methods design was used, which included surveys, focus groups, and a review of the students' group assignments. Survey data were summarized using descriptive statistics, whereas paired 2-tailed t tests were used to evaluate differences in empathy scores before and after the 2-hour IVR tutorial (objective 1). Focus groups were conducted to evaluate the impacts of IVR-assisted experiential learning on the empathy of undergraduate health care students toward older people with cognitive impairment (objective 1). Descriptive statistics obtained from surveys and thematic analyses of focus groups were used to explore the students' learning experiences (objective 2). Thematic analysis of group assignments was conducted to identify learning outcomes (objective 3). RESULTS A total of 367 undergraduate nursing and occupational therapy students were recruited via convenience sampling. There was a significant increase in the students' empathy scores, measured using the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale, from 78.06 (SD 7.72) before to 81.17 (SD 8.93) after (P<.001). Students expressed high satisfaction with the IVR learning innovation, with a high satisfaction mean score of 20.68 (SD 2.55) and a high self-confidence mean score of 32.04 (SD 3.52) on the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence scale. Students exhibited a good sense of presence in the IVR learning environment, as reflected in the scores for adaptation (41.30, SD 6.03), interface quality (11.36, SD 3.70), involvement (62.00, SD 9.47), and sensory fidelity (31.47, SD 5.23) on the Presence Questionnaire version 2.0. In total, 3 major themes were identified from the focus groups, which involved 23 nursing students: enhanced sympathy toward older adults with cognitive impairment, improved engagement in IVR learning, and confidence in understanding the key concepts through the learning process. These themes supplement and align with the survey results. The analysis of the written assignments revealed that students attained the learning outcomes of understanding the challenges faced by older adults with cognitive impairment, the importance of providing person-centered care, and the need for an age-friendly society. CONCLUSIONS IVR-assisted experiential learning enhances students' knowledge and empathy in caring for older adults with cognitive impairment. These findings suggest that IVR can be a valuable tool in professional health care education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justina Yat Wa Liu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Pui Ying Mak
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Kitty Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Daphne Sze Ki Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Kin Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Kenneth N K Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Patrick Pui Kin Kor
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Timothy Kam Hung Lai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Tulio Maximo
- School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang Z, Ye B. Can home labor education boost teenagers' academic performance? A Comparative analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25770. [PMID: 38371969 PMCID: PMC10873743 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Labor education is an important part of the overall development of teenagers in terms of morality, intelligence, physical fitness and aesthetics. Family labor education should play a fundamental role in labor education. Previous empirical studies on the influence of family labor education on teenagers' academic performance are not comprehensive enough. In particular, there is still much room for improvement in terms of the authority of the data, the appropriateness of the methodology and the precision of the analyses. This study analyzes the relationship between housework and teenagers' academic performance through the data of the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), based on the theory of "Embodied Cognition", using OLS regression, propensity score matching (PSM), quantile regression and probit regression. The results show that housework is effective in improving teenagers' academic performance; participation in housework had the strongest impact on teenagers with middle and lower academic performance; however, the effect of housework on the academic performance of academic excellence students was not as strong; and addiction to online games was the main factor that prevented teenagers from participating in housework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Student Affairs Office, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 211185, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bangyin Ye
- School of Social Audit, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 21185, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bauer C, Hassan GH, Bayly R, Cordes J, Bernson D, Woods C, Li X, Li W, Ackerson LK, Larochelle MR, Stopka TJ. Trends in Fatal Opioid-Related Overdose in American Indian and Alaska Native Communities, 1999-2021. Am J Prev Med 2024:S0749-3797(24)00036-9. [PMID: 38311190 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opioid-related overdose mortality rates have increased sharply in the U.S. over the past two decades, and inequities across racial and ethnic groups have been documented. Opioid-related overdose trends among American Indian and Alaska Natives require further quantification and assessment. METHODS Observational, U.S. population-based registry data on opioid-related overdose mortality between 1999 and 2021 were extracted in 2023 using ICD-10 codes from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research multiple cause of death file by race, Hispanic ethnicity, sex, and age. Segmented time series analyses were conducted to estimate opioid-related overdose mortality growth rates among the American Indian and Alaska Native population between 1999 and 2021. Analyses were performed in 2023. RESULTS Two distinct time segments revealed significantly different opioid-related overdose mortality growth rates within the overall American Indian and Alaska Native population, from 0.36 per 100,000 (95% CI=0.32, 0.41) between 1999 and 2019 to 6.5 (95% CI=5.7, 7.31) between 2019 and 2021, with the most pronounced increase among those aged 24-44 years. Similar patterns were observed within the American Indian and Alaska Native population with Hispanic ethnicity, but the estimated growth rates were generally steeper across most age groups than across the overall American Indian and Alaska Native population. Patterns of opioid-related overdose mortality growth rates were similar between American Indian and Alaska Native females and males between 2019 and 2021. CONCLUSIONS Sharp increases in opioid-related overdose mortality rates among American Indian and Alaska Native communities are evident by age and Hispanic ethnicity, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive fatal opioid-related overdose prevention, opioid use disorder treatment, and harm-reduction efforts. Future research should aim to understand the underlying factors contributing to these high mortality rates and employ interventions that leverage the strengths of American Indian and Alaska Native culture, including the strong sense of community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Center for Spatial-Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
| | - Ghada H Hassan
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; Center for Spatial-Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ric Bayly
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jack Cordes
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dana Bernson
- Office of Population Health, Department of Public Health, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cedric Woods
- Institute of New England Native American Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts; Center for Health Statistics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Leland K Ackerson
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts; Center for Health Statistics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Marc R Larochelle
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas J Stopka
- Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
McNeeley S, Clark VA, Duwe G. Sex differences in risk factors for mortality after release from prison. Soc Sci Res 2024; 118:102974. [PMID: 38336424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan McNeeley
- Minnesota Department of Corrections, 1450 Energy Park Drive, Suite 200, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55101, USA.
| | - Valerie A Clark
- Minnesota Department of Corrections, 1450 Energy Park Drive, Suite 200, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55101, USA
| | - Grant Duwe
- Minnesota Department of Corrections, 1450 Energy Park Drive, Suite 200, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55101, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Motala Z, Price O. 'Commanded to be ill, accused of being well' a lived-experience-led, qualitative investigation of service user perspectives on the impact of emotionally unstable personality disorder diagnosis on self-concept. J Ment Health 2024; 33:22-30. [PMID: 36096731 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2118685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) is a mental disorder impairing health and functioning and increasing suicide risk and it is a stigmatised condition among healthcare professionals. EUPD diagnosis may significantly affect self-concept, yet no previous investigation has explicitly examined this. AIMS To explore service user perspectives on (a) the impact of EUPD diagnosis on self-concept and (b) mediators of positive and negative impacts. METHODS Service user-led, qualitative semi-structured interviews with n = 10 participants with EUPD. RESULTS Perceived impacts of diagnosis on self-concept were, broadly, negative. Factors mediating between positive and negative impacts included: exposure to online stigma and public understanding, the responses of relatives, friends, intimate partners and trusted communities, and the attitudes and behaviours of healthcare staff. There were indications that recent guideline and practice developments (guidelines recommending alternatives to inpatient admissions for people with EUPD and "recovery-focused" approaches to self-harm) may have worsened inpatient staff attitudes and led to more rejecting service user experiences. CONCLUSION Mitigating negative impacts of EUPD diagnosis on self-concept may require addressing hateful, online content related to EUPD; revisiting use of the personality disorder label; improving medical communication around diagnosis and improving practice and policy in the management of EUPD in inpatient settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Motala
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Owen Price
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|