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Le Goff A, Allard P, Landecker H. Heritable changeability: Epimutation and the legacy of negative definition in epigenetic concepts. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 2021; 86:35-46. [PMID: 33965662 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic concepts are fundamentally shaped by a legacy of negative definition, often understood by what they are not. Yet the function and implication of negative definition for scientific discourse has thus far received scant attention. Using the term epimutation as exemplar, we analyze the paradoxical like-but-unlike structure of a term that must simultaneously connect with but depart from genetic concepts. We assess the historical forces structuring the use of epimutation and like terms such as paramutation. This analysis highlights the positive characteristics defining epimutation: the regularity, oxymoronic temporality, and materiality of stable processes. Integrating historical work, ethnographic observation, and insights from philosophical practice-oriented conceptual analysis, we detail the distinctive epistemic goals the epimutation concept fulfils in medicine, plant biology and toxicology. Epimutation and allied epigenetic terms have succeeded by being mutation-like and recognizable, yet have failed to consolidate for exactly the same reason: they are tied simultaneously by likeness and opposition to nouns that describe things that are assumed to persist unchanged over space and time. Moreover, negative definition casts the genetic-epigenetic relationship as an either/or binary, overshadowing continuities and connections. This analysis is intended to assist practitioners and observers of genetics and epigenetics in recognizing and moving beyond the conceptual legacies of negative definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Le Goff
- The Institute for Society and Genetics & the EpiCenter, University of California, UCLA Institute for Society and Genetics, 621 Charles E. Young Dr., South Box 957221, 3360 LSB, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Patrick Allard
- The Institute for Society and Genetics & the EpiCenter, University of California, UCLA Institute for Society and Genetics, 621 Charles E. Young Dr., South Box 957221, 3360 LSB, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Hannah Landecker
- Department of Sociology, The Institute for Society and Genetics & the EpiCenter, University of California, UCLA Institute for Society and Genetics, 621 Charles E. Young Dr, South Box 957221, 3360 LSB, Los Angeles, USA.
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Farzan SF, Howe CG, Chavez TA, Hodes TL, Johnston JE, Habre R, Dunton G, Bastain TM, Breton CV. Demographic predictors of urinary arsenic in a low-income predominantly Hispanic pregnancy cohort in Los Angeles. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:94-107. [PMID: 32719440 PMCID: PMC7796897 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) is a contaminant of top public health concern, due to its range of detrimental health effects. Arsenic exposure has not been well-characterized among the US Hispanic populations and has been particularly understudied in this population during pregnancy. METHODS As part of the MADRES ongoing pregnancy cohort of predominantly lower-income, Hispanic women in Los Angeles, CA, we examined levels of maternal first trimester urinary As, including total As and As metabolites (inorganic (iAs), monomethylated (MMA) and dimethylated As (DMA)), in relation to participant demographics, lifestyle characteristics, and rice/seafood consumption, to identify factors that may influence As exposure and its metabolites during pregnancy (N = 241). RESULTS Total As concentrations ranged from low to high (0.8-506.2 μg/L, mean: 9.0 μg/L, SD: 32.9) in our study population. Foreign-born Hispanic women had 8.6% higher %DMA (95% CI: 3.3%, 13.9%) and -7.7% lower %iAs (95% CI: -12.6%, -2.9%) than non-Hispanic women. A similar trend was observed for US-born Hispanic women. In addition, maternal age was associated with 0.4% higher %iAs (95% CI: 0.1%, 0.6%) and 0.4% lower %DMA (95% CI: -0.7%, -0.1%) per year, which may indicate poor As methylation capacity. CONCLUSION Individual factors may predict As exposure and metabolism in pregnancy, and in turn, greater risk of adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Thomas A Chavez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Tahlia L Hodes
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Jill E Johnston
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Rima Habre
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Genevieve Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Theresa M Bastain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
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Nkurunziza G, Omara T, Kiwanuka Nakiguli C, Mukasa P, Byamugisha D, Ntambi E. Physicochemical Quality of Water from Chuho Springs, Kisoro District, Uganda. FRENCH-UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.17721/fujcv9i2p12-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, water from Chuho springs used as the main water source in Kisoro municipality, Uganda were assessed for their suitability as drinking water. The temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total hardness, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, phosphates, iron, copper, arsenic, chlorides and the fluoride content of the water samples were determined. Not all the parameters met World Health Organizations’ guidelines for drinking water. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and fluorides were outside the recommended limits of 15 ℃, 10-12 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Further studies should assess the microbiological and sanitary profile of the springs.
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Quinete N, Hauser-Davis RA. Drinking water pollutants may affect the immune system: concerns regarding COVID-19 health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1235-1246. [PMID: 33156499 PMCID: PMC7644792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The current coronavirus pandemic is leading to significant impacts on the planet, changing our way of life. Although the COVID-19 virus mechanisms of action and pathogenesis are still under extensive research, immune system effects are evident, leading, in many cases, to respiratory distress. Although apparent pollution reduction has been noticed by the population, environmental and human health impacts due to the increased use of plastic waste and disinfectants is concerning. One of the main routes of human exposure to pollutants is through drinking water. Thus, this point of view discusses some major contaminants in drinking water known to be immunotoxic, exploring sources and drinking water routes and emphasizing the known mechanisms of action that could likely compromise the effective immune response of humans, particularly raising concerns regarding people exposed to the COVID-19 virus. Based on a literature review, metals, plastic components, plasticizers, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances may display the potential to exacerbate COVID-19 respiratory symptoms, although epidemiological studies are still required to confirm the synergistic effects between these pollutants and the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Quinete
- Institute of Environment & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Modesto A. Maidique Campus, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brazil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
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Bahrami A, Sathyapalan T, Moallem SA, Sahebkar A. Counteracting arsenic toxicity: Curcumin to the rescue? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123160. [PMID: 32574880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenicosis leads to various irreversible damages in several organs and is considered to be a carcinogen. The effects of chronic arsenic poisoning are a result of an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant homeostasis, oxidative stress, as well as DNA and protein damage. Curcumin, the polyphenolic pigment extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, is well-known for its pleiotropic medicinal effects. Curcumin has been shown to have ameliorative effects in arsenic-induced genotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, angiogenesis, skin diseases, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. This review aims to summarize the scientific evidence on arsenic toxicity in various organs and the ameliorative effects of curcumin on the arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Liu Y, Wu M, Liu B, Song L, Bi J, Wang L, Upadhyaya Khatiwada S, Chen K, Liu Q, Xiong C, Li Y, Xia W, Xu S, Wang Y, Zhou A. Association of prenatal exposure to rare earth elements with newborn mitochondrial DNA content: Results from a birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105863. [PMID: 32683209 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare earth elements (REE) have been widely used in industry and agriculture. Mitochondria are susceptible to environmental exposure and the change of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content is a proxy indicator of mitochondrial response to damage. However, no study has explored the associations between prenatal repeated REE exposure and newborn mtDNA content. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the trimester-specific associations between prenatal REE exposure and newborn mtDNA content. METHODS A total of 587 mother-newborn pairs were recruited from Wuhan Children's Hospital between November 2013 and March 2015 in Wuhan, China. Urinary concentrations of REE collected during 3 trimesters were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to measure relative cord blood mtDNA content. We evaluated the trimester-specific associations between prenatal REE exposure and relative cord blood mtDNA content with multiple informant models. False discovery rate (FDR) was used to correct for multiple testing. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, prenatal exposure to REE [gadolinium (Gd), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), praseodymium (Pr)] during the third trimester were positively related to cord blood mtDNA content, and the positive associations with cord blood mtDNA content were still observed in Dy, Er, and Pr after FDR correction. CONCLUSIONS This prospective study demonstrated that maternal REE exposure during the third trimester was associated with the increased newborn mtDNA content, and the third trimester might be a potential window for sensitivity of newborn mtDNA content to REE exposure. The results might provide evidence of the potential health effects of environmental REE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shikha Upadhyaya Khatiwada
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Nigra AE, Navas-Acien A. Arsenic in US correctional facility drinking water, 2006-2011. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109768. [PMID: 32585331 PMCID: PMC7483613 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the quality of drinking water in US correctional facilities (e.g. detention centers, prisons, jails, etc.). Our objective was to determine if incarcerated persons are at risk for chronic, elevated arsenic exposure relative to the non-incarcerated US population, particularly in the Southwestern US where public water and groundwater arsenic concentrations are high compared to the rest of the US. METHODS We analyzed 230,158 arsenic monitoring records from 37,086 community water systems (CWSs) from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Third Six Year Review of Contaminant Occurrence dataset (covering 2006-2011). We compared six-year average arsenic concentrations and the odds of exceeding the EPA's 10 μg/L maximum contaminant level (MCL) for CWSs exclusively serving correctional facilities versus all other CWSs in the Southwestern US, where groundwater arsenic concentrations are high. RESULTS Average six-year water arsenic concentrations were higher for Southwestern correctional facility CWSs (6.41 μg/L, 95% CI 3.48, 9.34) compared to all other Southwestern CWSs (3.11 μg/L, 95% CI 2.97, 3.24) and to other CWSs across the rest of the US (1.39 μg/L, 95% CI 1.35, 1.42). In the Southwest, 26.1% (N = 6) of correctional facility CWSs versus 5.8% (509) of other CWSs reported six-year arsenic averages exceeding 10 μg/L, corresponding to an odds ratio of 5.70 (95% confidence interval 2.24, 14.52). Correctional facility CWSs in the Southwest were also more likely to report six-year averages exceeding 5 μg/L (the MCL for New Jersey and New Hampshire, N = 8, odds ratio 2.77, 95% CI 1.17, 6.54). DISCUSSION Persons incarcerated in the Southwestern US were at disproportionate risk of elevated drinking water arsenic exposure and related disease from 2006 to 2011. Strict enforcement of EPA regulations and additional technical and financial support for CWSs serving correctional facilities in the Southwest is necessary to protect the health and human rights of incarcerated persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Thy LTM, My NHT, Tuong HHP, Chi CV, Tu TH, Ha HKP, Nam HM, Phong MT, Hieu NH. Synthesis and adsorption ability of manganese ferrite/graphene oxide nanocomposites for arsenic(V) removal from water. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Thi Mong Thy
- VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Processing (CEPP Lab); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry; 140, Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Huong Tra My
- VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Processing (CEPP Lab); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Huynh Huy Phuong Tuong
- VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Processing (CEPP Lab); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Chung Vi Chi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry; 140, Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Tran Hoang Tu
- VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Processing (CEPP Lab); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Huynh Ky Phuong Ha
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward; Thu Duc District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Minh Nam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward; Thu Duc District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Mai Thanh Phong
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward; Thu Duc District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Huu Hieu
- VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Processing (CEPP Lab); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT); 268, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10 Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward; Thu Duc District Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Viet Nam
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Exposure to low doses of inorganic arsenic induces transgenerational changes on behavioral and epigenetic markers in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 396:115002. [PMID: 32277946 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of environmental pollutants to alter the epigenome with resultant development of behavioral alterations has received more attention in recent years. These alterations can be transmitted and affect later generations that have not been directly in contact with the contaminant. Arsenic (As) is a neurotoxicant and potent epigenetic disruptor that is widespread in the environment; however, the precise potential of As to produce transgenerational effects is unknown. Our study focused on the possible transgenerational effects on behavior by ancestral exposure to doses relevant to the environment of As, and the epigenetic mechanisms that could be involved. Embryos of F0 (ancestral generation) were directly exposed to 50 or 500 ppb of As for 150 days. F0 adults were raised to produce the F1 generation (intergeneration) and subsequently the F2 generation (transgeneration). We evaluated motor and cognitive behavior, neurodevelopment-related genes, and epigenetic markers on the F0 and F2 generation. As proposed in our hypothesis, ancestral arsenic exposure altered motor activity through the development and increased anxiety-like behaviors which were transmitted to the F2 generation. Additionally, we found a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression between the F0 and F2 generation, and an increase in methylation on histone H3K4me3 in the nervous system.
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Bozack AK, Cardenas A, Geldhof J, Quamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Mostofa G, Christiani DC, Kile ML. Cord blood DNA methylation of DNMT3A mediates the association between in utero arsenic exposure and birth outcomes: Results from a prospective birth cohort in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109134. [PMID: 32018205 PMCID: PMC7167334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal epigenetic programming plays a critical role in development. DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), which is involved in de novo DNA methylation (DNAm), is a prime candidate gene as a mediator between prenatal exposures and birth outcomes. We evaluated the relationships between in utero arsenic (As) exposure, birth outcomes, and DNMT3A DNAm. METHODS In a prospective Bangladeshi birth cohort, cord blood DNAm of three DNMT3A CpGs was measured using bisulfite pyrosequencing. Maternal toenail As concentrations at birth were measured to estimate in utero exposure. Among vaginal births (N = 413), structural equation models (SEMs) were used to evaluate relationships between DNMT3A methylation, log2 (toenail As), birth weight, and gestational age. RESULTS In an adjusted SEM including birth weight and gestational age, maternal toenail As levels were associated with DNMT3A DNAm (B = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.66) and gestational age (B = -0.19 weeks; 95% CI: 0.36, -0.03). DNMT3A DNAm was associated with gestational age (B = -0.10 weeks; 95% CI: 0.16, -0.04) and birth weight (B = -11.0 g; 95% CI: 21.5, 0.4). There was an indirect effect of As on gestational age mediated through DNMT3A DNAm (B = -0.04; 95% CI: 0.08, -0.01), and there were indirect effects of maternal toenail As levels on birth weight through pathways including gestational age (B = -14.4 g; 95% CI: 29.2, -1.9), DNMT3A DNAm and gestational age (B = -3.1 g; 95% CI: 6.6, -0.8), and maternal weight gain and gestational age (B = -5.1 g; 95% CI: 9.6, -1.5). The total effect of a doubling in maternal toenail As concentration is a decrease in gestational age of 2.1 days (95% CI: 0.9, 3.3) and a decrease in birth weight of 29 g (95% CI: 14, 46). CONCLUSIONS DNMT3A plays a critical role in fetal epigenetic programming. In utero arsenic exposure was associated with greater methylation of CpGs in DNMT3A which partially mediated associations between prenatal As exposure and birth outcomes. Additional studies are needed to verify this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Room 5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - John Geldhof
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Waldo Hall 470, 2250 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Quazi Quamruzzaman
- Dhaka Community Hospital, 190 Wireless Railgate, Baro Moghbazar, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmuder Rahman
- Dhaka Community Hospital, 190 Wireless Railgate, Baro Moghbazar, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Mostofa
- Dhaka Community Hospital, 190 Wireless Railgate, Baro Moghbazar, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Molly L Kile
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, 15 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Goswami R, Kumar M, Biyani N, Shea PJ. Arsenic exposure and perception of health risk due to groundwater contamination in Majuli (river island), Assam, India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:443-460. [PMID: 31325112 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Island populations are rarely studied for risk of arsenic (As) poisoning. As poisoning, multimetal contamination and people's perceptions of health risks were assessed on India's Majuli Island, the largest inhabited river island in the world. This holistic approach illustrated the association of groundwater contamination status with consequent health risk by measuring levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in groundwater, borehole sediment and biological samples (hair, nails and urine). Piper and Gibbs's plots discerned the underlying hydrogeochemical processes in the aquifer. Demographic data and qualitative factors were evaluated to assess the risks and uncertainties of exposure. The results exhibited significant enrichment of groundwater with As, Mn and Fe along with significant body burden. Maximum Hazard Index values indicated severe non-carcinogenic health impacts as well as a significantly elevated risk of cancer for both adults and children. Most (99%) of the locally affected population did not know about the adverse health impacts of metal contamination, and only 15% understood bodily ailments and health issues. Various aspects of the island environment were used to elucidate the status of contamination and future risk of disease. A projection showed adverse health outcomes rising significantly, especially among the young population of Majuli, due to overexposure to not only As but also Ba, Mn and Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritusmita Goswami
- Department of Environmental Science, The Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Room No. 336A, Block 5, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
| | - Nivedita Biyani
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Patrick J Shea
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0817, USA
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Mehri A. Trace Elements in Human Nutrition (II) - An Update. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:2. [PMID: 32042399 PMCID: PMC6993532 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_48_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary requirement for an essential trace element is an intake level which meets a specified criterion for adequacy and thereby minimizes risk of nutrient deficiency or excess. Disturbances in trace element homeostasis may result in the development of pathologic states and diseases. This article is an update of a review article “Trace Elements in Human Nutrition-A Review” previously published in 2013. The previous review was updated to emphasis in detail the importance of known trace elements so far in humans’ physiology and nutrition and also to implement the detailed information for practical and effective management of trace elements’ status in clinical diagnosis and health care situations. Although various classifications for trace elements have been proposed and may be controversial, this review will use World Health Organization( WHO) classification as previously done. For this review a traditional integrated review format was chosen and many recent medical and scientific literatures for the new findings on bioavailability, functions, and state of excess/deficiency of trace elements were assessed. The results indicated that for the known essential elements, essentiality and toxicity are unrelated and toxicity is a matter of dose or exposure. Little is known about the essentiality of some of the probably essential elements. In regard to toxic heavy metals, a toxic element may nevertheless be essential. In addition, the early pathological manifestations of trace elements deficiency or excess are difficult to detect until more specific pathologically relevant indicators become available. Discoveries and many refinements in the development of new techniques and continual improvement in laboratory methods have enabled researchers to detect the early pathological consequences of deficiency or excess of trace elements. They all are promises to fulfill the gaps in the present and future research and clinical diagnosis of trace elements deficiencies or intoxications. However, further investigations are needed to complete the important gaps in our knowledge on trace elements, especially probably essential trace elements’ role in health and disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliasgharpour Mehri
- Department of Biochemistry, Reference Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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63
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Environmental Sustainability of Open-Pit Coal Mining Practices at Baganuur, Mongolia. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su12010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we studied one of the largest coal mines in Mongolia, the Baganuur Coal Mine, in terms of environmental sustainability related to mining practices, with a focus on discharged water and waste sediments. The present quality and potential for future pollution were assessed. Based on World Health Organization and Mongolian guidelines, groundwater pumped from the mining operations could be used for drinking and domestic purposes. In addition, based on the Na absorption ratio, groundwater samples from GW-2 and GW-3 could be used as agriculture water supplies with salinity reduction, or used to grow halophytes as a measure for desertification control and pasture production. All waste soil samples appeared to have a desertification potential. Dust particles smaller than 150 μm comprised more than 80% of soil samples, which had arsenic levels higher than the Mongolian soil pollution standards. In addition, soil collected between coal seams (S-5) showed high sulphur content based on X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectroscopy analyses, strong potential for producing acid mine drainage in the analysis of pH of net acid generation and net acid production potential, and potential for leaching of metals, such as Co. Therefore, the Baganuur Coal Mine requires soil pollution control measures to mitigate the risks of dust and desertification. In this perspective, mine groundwater could be used to reduce environmental stresses by supporting pasture crops such as halophytes on waste disposal sites, thereby preventing dust issues and desertification. Continuous efforts, including monitoring and enacting environmental management measures, are needed from both the mining company and the government to ensure sustainable mine development.
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Samiee F, Leili M, Faradmal J, Torkshavand Z, Asadi G. Exposure to arsenic through breast milk from mothers exposed to high levels of arsenic in drinking water: Infant risk assessment. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ashley-Martin J, Dodds L, Arbuckle TE, Lanphear B, Muckle G, Bouchard MF, Fisher M, Asztalos E, Foster W, Kuhle S. Blood metal levels and early childhood anthropometric measures in a cohort of Canadian children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108736. [PMID: 31541908 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Fetal exposure to some toxic metals has been associated with reduced fetal growth, but the impact of contemporary, low-level metals on anthropometric measures in childhood is not well understood. Our primary objective was to quantify associations between childhood levels of toxic metals and concurrently measured body mass index (BMI) in a population of Canadian preschool-aged children. We collected biomonitoring data and anthropometric measures on 480 children between the ages of two and five years in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Child Development Plus study. Concentrations of four toxic metals (lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury) were measured in whole blood collected from pregnant women and their children. Blood levels of key essential elements were also measured in children. Children's weight, height, and BMI z-scores were calculated using the World Health Organization growth standards. We used a series of linear regression models, adjusted for potential parental confounders, concurrently measured metals and elements, and prenatal blood metal levels, to evaluate associations between tertiles of each toxic metal and anthropometric measures. We tested for effect modification by sex. Of the 480 children, 449 (94%) were singleton births and had complete biomonitoring and anthropometric data. The majority of children had detectable concentrations of metals. In the adjusted models, girls with blood lead concentrations in the highest tertile (>0.82 μg/dL) had, on average, 0.26 (95% Cl: -0.55, 0.03) lower BMI z-scores than those in the referent category. In contrast, boys with lead levels in the highest tertile had, on average, 0.14 higher BMI z-scores (95% Cl: -0.14, 0.41) (p-value heterogeneity = 0.04). In this population of Canadian preschool-aged children with low-level blood lead concentrations, we observed effect modification by sex in the association between Pb and BMI but no statistically significant associations in the sex-specific strata. Child blood levels of As, Cd, and Hg were not associated with childhood BMI, weight, or height in boys or girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Dodds
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gina Muckle
- Laval University and Quebec CHU Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mandy Fisher
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Stefan Kuhle
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Navas-Acien A, Spratlen MJ, Abuawad A, LoIacono NJ, Bozack AK, Gamble MV. Early-Life Arsenic Exposure, Nutritional Status, and Adult Diabetes Risk. Curr Diab Rep 2019; 19:147. [PMID: 31758285 PMCID: PMC7004311 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-019-1272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In utero influences, including nutrition and environmental chemicals, may induce long-term metabolic changes and increase diabetes risk in adulthood. This review evaluates the experimental and epidemiological evidence on the association of early-life arsenic exposure on diabetes and diabetes-related outcomes, as well as the influence of maternal nutritional status on arsenic-related metabolic effects. RECENT FINDINGS Five studies in rodents have evaluated the role of in utero arsenic exposure with diabetes in the offspring. In four of the studies, elevated post-natal fasting glucose was observed when comparing in utero arsenic exposure with no exposure. Rodent offspring exposed to arsenic in utero also showed elevated insulin resistance in the 4 studies evaluating it as well as microRNA changes related to glycemic control in 2 studies. Birth cohorts of arsenic-exposed pregnant mothers in New Hampshire, Mexico, and Taiwan have shown that increased prenatal arsenic exposure is related to altered cord blood gene expression, microRNA, and DNA methylation profiles in diabetes-related pathways. Thus far, no epidemiologic studies have evaluated early-life arsenic exposure with diabetes risk. Supplementation trials have shown B vitamins can reduce blood arsenic levels in highly exposed, undernourished populations. Animal evidence supports that adequate B vitamin status can rescue early-life arsenic-induced diabetes risk, although human data is lacking. Experimental animal studies and human evidence on the association of in utero arsenic exposure with alterations in gene expression pathways related to diabetes in newborns, support the potential role of early-life arsenic exposure in diabetes development, possibly through increased insulin resistance. Given pervasive arsenic exposure and the challenges to eliminate arsenic from the environment, research is needed to evaluate prevention interventions, including the possibility of low-cost, low-risk nutritional interventions that can modify arsenic-related disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Miranda J Spratlen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ahlam Abuawad
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nancy J LoIacono
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Winterbottom EF, Ban Y, Sun X, Capobianco AJ, Marsit CJ, Chen X, Wang L, Karagas MR, Robbins DJ. Transcriptome-wide analysis of changes in the fetal placenta associated with prenatal arsenic exposure in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Environ Health 2019; 18:100. [PMID: 31752878 PMCID: PMC6868717 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to arsenic, even at common environmental levels, adversely affects child health. These adverse effects include impaired fetal growth, which can carry serious health implications lifelong. However, the mechanisms by which arsenic affects fetal health and development remain unclear. METHODS We addressed this question using a group of 46 pregnant women selected from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), a US cohort exposed to low-to-moderate arsenic levels in drinking water through the use of unregulated private wells. Prenatal arsenic exposure was assessed using maternal urine samples taken at mid-gestation. Samples of the fetal portion of the placenta were taken from the base of the umbilical cord insertion at the time of delivery, stored in RNAlater and frozen. We used RNA sequencing to analyze changes in global gene expression in the fetal placenta associated with in utero arsenic exposure, adjusting for maternal age. Gene set enrichment analysis and enrichment mapping were then used to identify biological processes represented by the differentially expressed genes. Since our previous analyses have identified considerable sex differences in placental gene expression associated with arsenic exposure, we analyzed male and female samples separately. RESULTS At FDR < 0.05, no genes were differentially expressed in female placenta, while 606 genes were differentially expressed in males. Genes showing the most significant associations with arsenic exposure in females were LEMD1 and UPK3B (fold changes 2.51 and 2.48), and in males, FIBIN and RANBP3L (fold changes 0.14 and 0.15). In gene set enrichment analyses, at FDR < 0.05, a total of 211 gene sets were enriched with differentially expressed genes in female placenta, and 154 in male placenta. In female but not male placenta, 103 of these gene sets were also associated with reduced birth weight. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal multiple biological functions in the fetal placenta that are potentially affected by increased arsenic exposure, a subset of which is sex-dependent. Further, our data suggest that in female infants, the mechanisms underlying the arsenic-induced reduction of birth weight may involve activation of stress response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Winterbottom
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Yuguang Ban
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xiaodian Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Anthony J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Lily Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Garza-Lombó C, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Gonsebatt ME, Franco R. Arsenic-induced neurotoxicity: a mechanistic appraisal. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:1305-1316. [PMID: 31748979 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a metalloid found in groundwater as a byproduct of soil/rock erosion and industrial and agricultural processes. This xenobiotic elicits its toxicity through different mechanisms, and it has been identified as a toxicant that affects virtually every organ or tissue in the body. In the central nervous system, exposure to arsenic can induce cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, iAs has been linked to several neurological disorders, including neurodevelopmental alterations, and is considered a risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. However, the exact mechanisms involved are still unclear. In this review, we aim to appraise the neurotoxic effects of arsenic and the molecular mechanisms involved. First, we discuss the epidemiological studies reporting on the effects of arsenic in intellectual and cognitive function during development as well as studies showing the correlation between arsenic exposure and altered cognition and mental health in adults. The neurotoxic effects of arsenic and the potential mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration are also reviewed including data from experimental models supporting epidemiological evidence of arsenic as a neurotoxicant. Next, we focused on recent literature regarding arsenic metabolism and the molecular mechanisms that begin to explain how arsenic damages the central nervous system including, oxidative stress, energy failure and mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetics, alterations in neurotransmitter homeostasis and synaptic transmission, cell death pathways, and inflammation. Outlining the specific mechanisms by which arsenic alters the cell function is key to understand the neurotoxic effects that convey cognitive dysfunction, neurodevelopmental alterations, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Garza-Lombó
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.,Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - María E Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. .,School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
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Safi-Stibler S, Gabory A. Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Parental environment signalling to the epigenome, critical time windows and sculpting the adult phenotype. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 97:172-180. [PMID: 31587964 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The literature about Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) studies is considerably growing. Maternal and paternal environment, during all the development of the individual from gametogenesis to weaning and beyond, as well as the psychosocial environment in childhood and teenage, can shape the adult and the elderly person's susceptibility to her/his own environment and diseases. This non-conventional, non-genetic, inheritance is underlain by several mechanisms among which epigenetics is obviously central, due to the notion of memory of early decisional events during development even when this stimulus is gone, that is implied in Waddington's developmental concept. This review first summarizes the different mechanisms by which the environment can model the epigenome: receptor signalling, energy metabolism and signal mechanotransduction from extracellular matrix to chromatin. Then an overview of the epigenetic changes in response to maternal environment during the vulnerability time windows, gametogenesis, early development, placentation and foetal growth, and postnatal period, is described, with the specific example of overnutrition and food deprivation. The implication of epigenetics in DOHaD is obvious, however the precise causal chain from early environment to the epigenome modifications to the phenotype still needs to be deciphered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiane Safi-Stibler
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Gabory
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Twaddle NC, Beland FA, Doerge DR. Metabolism and disposition of arsenic species from controlled dosing with sodium arsenite in adult and neonatal rhesus monkeys. VI. Toxicokinetic studies following oral administration. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110760. [PMID: 31421213 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a common toxic contaminant in food and drinking water. Metabolic activation of arsenic species produces reactive trivalent intermediates that can disrupt cellular regulatory systems by covalent binding to thiol groups. Arsenic exposures have been associated with human diseases including cancer, diabetes, lung and cardiovascular disorders and there is accumulating evidence that early life exposures are important in the etiology. Previous toxicokinetic studies of arsenite ingestion in neonatal CD-1 mice showed consistent evidence for metabolic and physiologic immaturity that led to elevated internal exposures to trivalent arsenic species in the youngest mice, relative to adults. The current study in rhesus monkeys showed that metabolism and binding of trivalent intermediates after arsenite ingestion were similar between adult monkeys and CD-1 mice. Unlike neonatal mice, monkeys from the age of 5-70 days showed similar metabolism and binding profiles, which were also similar to those in adults. The absence of evidence for metabolic immaturity in monkeys suggests that toxicological effects observed in mice from early postnatal exposures to arsenic could over-predict those possible in primates, based on significantly higher internal exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Twaddle
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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Song L, Liu B, Zhang L, Wu M, Wang L, Cao Z, Zhang B, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu S. Association of prenatal exposure to arsenic with newborn telomere length: Results from a birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:442-448. [PMID: 31158562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The telomere length at birth has important implications for telomere dynamics over the lifespan; however, few studies have explored the relationship between prenatal arsenic exposure and newborn telomere length (TL). We investigated whether newborn TL is related to prenatal arsenic exposure. METHODS We used data from a birth cohort study of 762 mother-newborn pairs conducted between November 2013 and March 2015 in Wuhan, China. We measured relative cord blood TL using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Arsenic concentrations were measured in spot urine samples collected during three trimesters using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We applied multiple informant models to explore the relationships between prenatal urinary arsenic concentrations and cord blood TL. RESULTS The geometric means of urinary arsenic concentrations were 21.7 μg/g creatinine, 27.3 μg/g creatinine, and 27.1 μg/g creatinine in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, a doubling of maternal urinary arsenic concentration during the third trimester was related to a 5.75% (95% CI: 1.70%, 9.95%) increase in cord blood TL, particularly in female infants. Similarly, mothers in the highest quartile of urinary arsenic during the third trimester had an 11.45% (95% CI: 1.91%, 21.88%) longer cord blood TL than those in the lowest quartile. However, no significant association was found between maternal urinary arsenic concentration and cord blood TL during the first and second trimesters. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that maternal arsenic exposure during the third trimester was positively associated with newborn TL. The elongation of newborn telomeres due to prenatal arsenic exposure may offer new insights into the mechanisms underlying arsenic-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Sanchez TR, Powers M, Perzanowski M, George CM, Graziano JH, Navas-Acien A. A Meta-analysis of Arsenic Exposure and Lung Function: Is There Evidence of Restrictive or Obstructive Lung Disease? Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 5:244-254. [PMID: 29637476 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-018-0192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic via contaminated water. The goal of this study was to identify whether arsenic-associated lung function deficits resemble obstructive- or restrictive-like lung disease, in order to help illuminate a mechanistic pathway and identify at-risk populations. RECENT FINDINGS We recently published a qualitative systematic review outlining the body of research on arsenic and non-malignant respiratory outcomes. Evidence from several populations, at different life stages, and at different levels of exposure showed consistent associations of arsenic exposure with chronic lung disease mortality, respiratory symptoms, and lower lung function levels. The published review, however, only conducted a broad qualitative description of the published studies without considering specific spirometry patterns, without conducting a meta-analysis, and without evaluating the dose-response relationship. We searched PubMed and Embase for studies on environmental arsenic exposure and lung function. We performed a meta-analysis using inverse-variance-weighted random effects models to summarize adjusted effect estimates for arsenic and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio. Across nine studies, median water arsenic levels ranged from 23 to 860 μg/L. The pooled estimated mean difference (MD) comparing the highest category of arsenic exposure (ranging from > 11 to > 800 μg/L) versus the lowest (ranging from < 10 to < 100 μg/L) for each study for FEV1 was - 42 mL (95% confidence interval (CI) - 70, - 16) and for FVC was - 50 mL (95% CI - 63, - 37). Three studies reported effect estimates for FEV1/FVC, for which there was no evidence of an association; the pooled estimated MD was 0.01 (95% CI - 0.005, 0.024). This review supports that arsenic is associated with restrictive impairments based on inverse associations between arsenic and FEV1 and FVC, but not with FEV1/FVC. Future studies should confirm whether low-level arsenic exposure is a restrictive lung disease risk factor in order to identify at-risk populations in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany R Sanchez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Martha Powers
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christine M George
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W 168 ST, Suite 1105, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Medina-Pizzali M, Damián-Bastidas N, Vargas-Reyes M. Arsenic in baby foods: health effects and dietary exposure. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Medina-Pizzali
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
| | - N. Damián-Bastidas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
| | - M. Vargas-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Av. Alameda San Marcos, Cuadra 2, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú
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Navasumrit P, Chaisatra K, Promvijit J, Parnlob V, Waraprasit S, Chompoobut C, Binh TT, Hai DN, Bao ND, Hai NK, Kim KW, Samson LD, Graziano JH, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat M. Exposure to arsenic in utero is associated with various types of DNA damage and micronuclei in newborns: a birth cohort study. Environ Health 2019; 18:51. [PMID: 31174534 PMCID: PMC6555940 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates that in utero arsenic exposures in humans may increase the risk of adverse health effects and development of diseases later in life. This study aimed to evaluate potential health risks of in utero arsenic exposure on genetic damage in newborns in relation to maternal arsenic exposure. METHODS A total of 205 pregnant women residing in arsenic-contaminated areas in Hanam province, Vietnam, were recruited. Prenatal arsenic exposure was determined by arsenic concentration in mother's toenails and urine during pregnancy and in umbilical cord blood collected at delivery. Genetic damage in newborns was assessed by various biomarkers of early genetic effects including oxidative/nitrative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG, and 8-nitroguanine), DNA strand breaks and micronuclei (MN) in cord blood. RESULTS Maternal arsenic exposure, measured by arsenic levels in toenails and urine, was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in subjects residing in areas with high levels of arsenic contamination in drinking water. Cord blood arsenic level was significantly increased in accordance with maternal arsenic exposure (p < 0.001). Arsenic exposure in utero is associated with genotoxic effects in newborns indicated as increased levels of 8-OHdG, 8-nitroguanine, DNA strand breaks and MN frequency in cord blood with increasing levels of maternal arsenic exposure. Maternal toenail arsenic level was significantly associated with all biomarkers of early genetic effects, while cord blood arsenic levels associated with DNA strand breaks and MN frequency. CONCLUSIONS In utero arsenic exposure is associated with various types of genetic damage in newborns potentially contributing to the development of diseases, including cancer, later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Navasumrit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Krittinee Chaisatra
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Jeerawan Promvijit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Varabhorn Parnlob
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Somchamai Waraprasit
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Chalida Chompoobut
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Ta Thi Binh
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Doan Ngoc Hai
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duy Bao
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Khac Hai
- National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kyoung-Woong Kim
- International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Leona D. Samson
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Joseph H. Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Chulabhorn Mahidol
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Laboratories of Environmental Toxicology/Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
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75
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Coker MO, Hoen AG, Dade E, Lundgren S, Li Z, Wong AD, Zens MS, Palys TJ, Morrison HG, Sogin ML, Baker ER, Karagas MR, Madan JC. Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 2019; 127:217-227. [PMID: 31006170 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential impact of intrapartum antibiotics, and their specific classes, on the infant gut microbiota in the first year of life. DESIGN Prospective study of infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS). SETTINGS Rural New Hampshire, USA. POPULATION OR SAMPLE Two hundred and sixty-six full-term infants from the NHBCS. METHODS Intrapartum antibiotic use during labour and delivery was abstracted from medical records. Faecal samples collected at 6 weeks and 1 year of age were characterised by 16S rRNA sequencing, and metagenomics analysis in a subset of samples. EXPOSURES Maternal exposure to antibiotics during labour and delivery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Taxonomic and functional profiles of faecal samples. RESULTS Infant exposure to intrapartum antibiotics, particularly to two or more antibiotic classes, was independently associated with lower microbial diversity scores as well as a unique bacterial community at 6 weeks (GUnifrac, P = 0.02). At 1 year, infants in the penicillin-only group had significantly lower α diversity scores than infants not exposed to intrapartum antibiotics. Within the first year of life, intrapartum exposure to penicillins was related to a significantly lower increase in several taxa including Bacteroides, use of cephalosporins was associated with a significantly lower rise over time in Bifidobacterium and infants in the multi-class group experienced a significantly higher increase in Veillonella dispar. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that intrapartum antibiotics alter the developmental trajectory of the infant gut microbiome, and specific antibiotic types may impact community composition, diversity and keystone immune training taxa. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Class of intrapartum antibiotics administered during delivery relates to maturation of infant gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Coker
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - A G Hoen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.,Center for Molecular Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - E Dade
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - S Lundgren
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Z Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A D Wong
- The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - M S Zens
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - T J Palys
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - H G Morrison
- Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - M L Sogin
- Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - E R Baker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - M R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.,Center for Molecular Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - J C Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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76
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Duncan DR, Larson K, Rosen RL. Clinical Aspects of Thickeners for Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019; 21:30. [PMID: 31098722 PMCID: PMC9733977 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-019-0697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge and recent findings regarding clinical aspects of thickeners for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux and oropharyngeal dysphagia. We review evidence for thickener efficacy, discuss types of thickeners, practical considerations when using various thickeners, and risks and benefits of thickener use in pediatrics. RECENT FINDINGS Thickeners are effective in decreasing regurgitation and improving swallowing mechanics and can often be used empirically for the treatment of infants and young children. Adverse effects have been reported, but with careful consideration of appropriate thickener types, desired thickening consistency, and follow-up in collaboration with feeding specialists, most patients have symptomatic improvements. Thickeners are typically well tolerated and with few side effects, but close follow-up is needed to make sure patients tolerate thickeners and have adequate symptom improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Duncan
- Aerodigestive Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kara Larson
- Aerodigestive Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel L. Rosen
- Aerodigestive Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Alekseenko SI, Skalny AV, Ajsuvakova OP, Skalnaya MG, Notova SV, Tinkov AA. Mucociliary transport as a link between chronic rhinosinusitis and trace element dysbalance. Med Hypotheses 2019; 127:5-10. [PMID: 31088648 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronis rhinosinusitis is considered as a widespread public health issue with a prevalence of 10%. The disease significantly reduces quality of life and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as certain forms of cancer. Alteration of mucociliary clearance frequently observed in the patients and plays a significant role in disease pathogenesis. Certain studies have demonstrated that patients with chronic rhinosinusitis are characterized by significant reduction of essential trace elements and toxic metal overload. However, the particular mechanisms of the role of trace element dysbalance in chronic rhinosinusitis are unclear. We hypothesize that exposure to toxic trace elements (arsenic, nickel, cadmium) damages ciliary mucosal epithelium thus affecting mucociliary transport. In turn, altered mucociliary transport results in reduced removal of the inhaled metal-containing particles from nasal mucosa leading to their absorption and further aggravation of toxicity. Essential trace elements (zinc, selenium) play a significant role in regulation of mucociliary transport and immunity, thus their deficiency (either dietary or due to antagonism with toxic metals) may be associated with impaired functions and increased toxic metal toxicity. Therefore, a vicious circle involving metal accumulation and toxicity, essential element deficiency, impairment of mucociliary transport and metal particle removal, resulting in further accumulation of metals and aggravation of toxic effects is formed. The present hypothesis is supported by the findings on the impact of trace elements especially zinc and arsenic on mucociliary clearance, the role of mucociliary transport in heavy metal particles elimination from the airways, trace element dysbalance in chronic rhinosinusitis, as well as toxic and essential metal antagonism. The data from hypothesis testing and its verification may be used for development of therapeutic approach for management of chronic rhinosinusitis. Particularly, the use of essential elements (zinc, selenium) may reduce toxic metal toxicity thus destroying the vicious circle of heavy metal exposure, toxicity, alteration of mucociliary clearance, and aggravation of chronic rhinosinusitis. Essential element supplementation may be considered as a tool for management of chronic refractory rhinosinusitis. In addition, analysis of essential and toxic trace element status may provide an additional diagnostic approach to risk assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis in highly polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana I Alekseenko
- K. A. Raukhfuss Children's Municipal Multidisciplinary Clinical Center of High Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia; Mechnikov North-West State Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita G Skalnaya
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia; Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
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Winterbottom EF, Moroishi Y, Halchenko Y, Armstrong DA, Beach PJ, Nguyen QP, Capobianco AJ, Ayad NG, Marsit CJ, Li Z, Karagas MR, Robbins DJ. Prenatal arsenic exposure alters the placental expression of multiple epigenetic regulators in a sex-dependent manner. Environ Health 2019; 18:18. [PMID: 30819207 PMCID: PMC6396530 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to arsenic has been linked to a range of adverse health conditions in later life. Such fetal origins of disease are frequently the result of environmental effects on the epigenome, leading to long-term alterations in gene expression. Several studies have demonstrated effects of prenatal arsenic exposure on DNA methylation; however the impact of arsenic on the generation and decoding of post-translational histone modifications (PTHMs) is less well characterized, and has not been studied in the context of prenatal human exposures. METHODS In the current study, we examined the effect of exposure to low-to-moderate levels of arsenic in a US birth cohort, on the expression of 138 genes encoding key epigenetic regulators in the fetal portion of the placenta. Our candidate genes included readers, writers and erasers of PTHMs, and chromatin remodelers. RESULTS Arsenic exposure was associated with the expression of 27 of the 138 epigenetic genes analyzed. When the cohort was stratified by fetal sex, arsenic exposure was associated with the expression of 40 genes in male fetal placenta, and only 3 non-overlapping genes in female fetal placenta. In particular, we identified an inverse relationship between arsenic exposure and expression of the gene encoding the histone methyltransferase, PRDM6 (p < 0.001). Mutation of PRDM6 has been linked to the congenital heart defect, patent ductus arteriosus. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that prenatal arsenic exposure may have sex-specific effects on the fetal epigenome, which could plausibly contribute to its subsequent health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F. Winterbottom
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Yuka Moroishi
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Yuliya Halchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - David A. Armstrong
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
| | - Paul J. Beach
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Quang P. Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Anthony J. Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Nagi G. Ayad
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - David J. Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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Witten ML, Chau B, Sáez E, Boitano S, Clark Lantz R. Early life inhalation exposure to mine tailings dust affects lung development. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 365:124-132. [PMID: 30641074 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to mine tailings dust from active and abandoned mining operations may be a very significant health hazard, especially to sensitive populations living in arid and semi-arid climates like the desert southwest of the US. It is anticipated that early life exposures during sensitive times of development can lead to adult disease. However, very few studies have investigated the effects of inhalation exposure to real world dusts during lung development. Using a mouse model, we have examined the effect(s) of inhalation of real world mine tailing dusts under three separate conditions: (1) Exposure only during in utero development (exposure of the pregnant moms) (2) exposure only after birth and (3) exposures that occurred continuously during in utero development, through gestation and birth until the mice reached adulthood (28 days old). We found that the most significant changes in lung structure and function were observed in male mice when exposure occurred continuously throughout development. These changes included increased airway hyper-reactivity, increased expression of epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) transition protein markers and increased expression of cytokines related to eosinophils. The data also indicate that in utero exposures through maternal inhalation can prime the lung of male mice for more severe responses to subsequent postnatal exposures. This may be due to epigenetic alterations in gene regulation, immune response, molecular signaling, and growth factors involved in lung development that may make the neonatal lung more susceptible to continued dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Witten
- Phoenix Biometrics, Inc., Tucson, AZ 85710, United States
| | - Binh Chau
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States.
| | - Eduardo Sáez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, United States.
| | - Scott Boitano
- Department of Physiology, The Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States.
| | - R Clark Lantz
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States.
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80
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Sung K, Kim M, Kim H, Hwang GW, Kim K. Perinatal Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water Alters Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in the Striatum of C57BL/6 Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:224-229. [PMID: 29748927 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1374-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although exposure to arsenic (As) induces developmental neurotoxicity, there is a lack of data regarding its specific effects on glutamatergic neurotransmission in offspring from dams exposed to As during gestation and lactation. In this study, the body weight, glutamate content, and expression of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) and metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR2 and mGluR3 was examined in the striatum of offspring following treatment of the dams with As (10 or 100 mg/L NaAsO2 in drinking water). At postnatal day 21, body weight was decreased significantly, whereas the glutamate content in the striatum of offspring in the 100-mg/L As group were not significantly different from those in the control group. Although mGluR3 expression was not significantly different, VGLUT2 and mGluR2 expression was significantly lower in the striatum of offspring of As-exposed dams. These data indicate that altered glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to As-induced developmental neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwa Sung
- Collage of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Collage of Pharmacy, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesoo Kim
- Collage of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Wook Hwang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kisok Kim
- Collage of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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81
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Young JL, Cai L, States JC. Impact of prenatal arsenic exposure on chronic adult diseases. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 64:469-483. [PMID: 29873257 PMCID: PMC6291241 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2018.1480076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental stressors during susceptible windows of development can result in negative health outcomes later in life, a concept known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). There is a growing body of evidence that exposures to metals early in life (in utero and postnatal) increase the risk of developing adult diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes. Of particular concern is exposure to the metalloid arsenic, a drinking water contaminant and worldwide health concern. Epidemiological studies of areas with high levels of arsenic in the drinking water, such as some regions in Chile and Bangladesh, indicate an association between in utero arsenic exposure and the development of adult diseases. Therefore, the need for experimental models to address the mechanism underlining early onset of adult diseases have emerged including the in utero and whole-life exposure models. This review will highlight the epidemiological events and subsequent novel experimental models implemented to study the impact of early life exposure to arsenic on the development of adult diseases. In addition, current research using these models will be discussed as well as possible underlying mechanism for the early onset of disease. Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ATSDR: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DMA: dimethylarsinate; DOHaD: Developmental Origins of Health and Disease; EPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; ER-α: estrogen receptor alpha; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; iAs: inorganic arsenic; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MetS: metabolic syndrome; MMA: monomethylarsonate; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; PND: postnatal day; ppb: parts per billion; ppm: parts per million; SAM: S-adenosylmethionine; USFDA: United States Food and Drug Administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L. Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock St, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel.: +1 502 852 2631.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology and pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 570 S. Preston St, Room 304F, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel,: +1 502 852 2214.
| | - J. Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 304, Louisville, KY., 40202. USA Tel.: +1 502 852 5347.
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McLeod L, Bharadwaj L, Epp TY, Waldner CL. Ecological analysis of associations between groundwater quality and hypertension and cardiovascular disease in rural Saskatchewan, Canada using Bayesian hierarchical models and administrative health data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 167:329-340. [PMID: 30092455 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Associations between groundwater quality and the prevalence of hypertension and ischemic heart disease were investigated in rural areas of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The partially ecological study was analyzed using Bayesian hierarchical models to account for spatial variability in risk. Exposure measures and health outcomes were estimated based on previously collected water quality surveillance data from public water supplies and private wells and administrative health data. Water quality exposures for each study region were estimated by applying geostatistical techniques to arsenic concentrations and principal component (PC) scores. The PC scores summarized groups of parameters measuring either health standards or aesthetic objectives described by the province. Generalized linear mixed models with a log link assessed associations between water quality and observed count of health outcomes relative to the expected value. The Bayesian models contained uncorrelated and spatially correlated random effects for each geographic region. Effect estimates were controlled for sex and age by stratification of case and expected case counts, for smoking by inclusion of sex- and age-specific prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a surrogate covariate, and for education and income by use of census data. There was no evidence for associations between groundwater arsenic concentrations in public or private water supplies and increased risk of hypertension or cardiovascular disease. An increase in the second aesthetic objectives PC score from public supplies was associated with a protective effect against ischemic heart disease. This PC value summarized hardness and magnesium Similarly, an increase in the second aesthetic objectives PC in private supplies was associated with decreased prevalence of hypertension. The results of this study are consistent with others demonstrating a relationship between elevated hardness and magnesium concentrations in drinking water and reduced risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Further investigation is warranted with individual exposure history, particularly with respect to the potential beneficial effect of hard water on the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne McLeod
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - Lalita Bharadwaj
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 2Z4
| | - Tasha Y Epp
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - Cheryl L Waldner
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5B4.
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83
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Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Beland FA, Fisher JW, Doerge DR. Metabolism and disposition of arsenic species from oral dosing with sodium arsenite in neonatal CD-1 mice. IV. Toxicokinetics following gavage administration and lactational transfer. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:28-41. [PMID: 30342114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a ubiquitous contaminant, with typical human dietary intake below 1 μg/kg bw/d and extreme drinking water exposures up to ∼50 μg/kg bw/d. The formation and binding of trivalent metabolites are central to arsenic toxicity and strong human evidence suggests special concern for early life exposures in the etiology of adult diseases, especially cancer. This study measured the metabolism and disposition of arsenite in neonatal mice to understand the role of maturation in metabolic activation and detoxification of arsenic. Many age-related differences were observed after gavage administration of arsenite, with consistent evidence in blood and tissues for higher exposures to trivalent arsenic species in neonatal mice related to the immaturity of metabolic and/or excretory functions. The evidence for greater tissue binding of arsenic species in young mice is consistent with enhanced susceptibility to toxicity based on metabolic and toxicokinetic differences alone. Lactational transfer from arsenite-dosed dams to suckling mice was minimal, based on no dosing-related changes in the levels of arsenic species in pup blood or milk collected from the dams. Animal models evaluating whole-life exposure to inorganic arsenic must use direct dosing in early neonatal life to predict accurately potential toxicity from early life exposures in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Twaddle
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Michelle Vanlandingham
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Fisher
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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84
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Bozack AK, Cardenas A, Quamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Mostofa G, Christiani DC, Kile ML. DNA methylation in cord blood as mediator of the association between prenatal arsenic exposure and gestational age. Epigenetics 2018; 13:923-940. [PMID: 30175652 PMCID: PMC6284783 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1516453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal arsenic exposure is associated with adverse birth outcomes and disease risk later in life, which could be mediated through epigenetic dysregulation. We evaluated the association between arsenic and gestational age (GA) that was mediated through DNA methylation (DNAm) using data from a Bangladeshi birth cohort. Arsenic exposure was measured in maternal drinking water at ≤16 weeks GA and maternal toenails collected ≤1 month postpartum. Cord blood DNAm was measured using Infinium HumanMethylation450 arrays (n = 44, discovery phase). Top loci identified in the discovery phase were then pyrosequenced in a second group (n = 569, validation phase). Structural equation models (SEM) evaluated the direct and indirect effects of arsenic and DNAm on GA. In the discovery phase, arsenic was associated with differential DNAm of 139 loci that were associated with GA (P < 1.10X10-6; |β regression|>0.10). Each doubling in water arsenic concentration decreased GA by 2 days, which was fully mediated through the main principal component of the top-ten CpGs (P < 0.001). In the validation phase, there were direct and indirect effects of miR214-3 and MCC DNAm on GA. In an adjusted SEM model, mediation of the association between arsenic and GA by miR124-3 was borderline significant (P = 0.061). This study therefore identified DNAm at specific loci in cord blood that mediated the effect of arsenic exposure on GA. Specifically, prenatal arsenic exposure was associated with lower methylation of miR124-3 that mediated the exposure-response of arsenic on GA. Future research should evaluate if these epigenetic changes are persistent and associated with disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molly L. Kile
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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85
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Skalny AV, Tinkov AA, Bohan TG, Shabalovskaya MB, Terekhina O, Leshchinskaia SB, Agarkova LA, Notova SV, Skalnaya MG, Kovas Y. Toxicological and nutritional status of trace elements in hair of women with in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy and their 9-month-old children. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 82:50-56. [PMID: 30316928 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess toxic and nutritional trace element and mineral status in hair of women with IVF pregnancy and their children. Inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry was used to assess hair trace element levels of 50 women with IVF pregnancy and 158 controls with spontaneous pregnancy and their children. Women with IVF pregnancy were characterized by significantly elevated hair As, Hg, Li, K, Na, and reduced Fe, Si, and Zn contents. Children from IVF pregnancy had significantly lower values of hair Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, and Al content when compared to the control values, whereas hair Hg and Mo levels were higher. Hair trace element levels were associated with pregnancy complications and infertility, but not newborn characteristics. The results suggest the need for preconceptional monitoring and correction of the levels of toxic and essential elements in women in order to improve the course pregnancy and child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia; All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana G Bohan
- Laboratory for Cognitive Investigations and Behavioural Genetics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina B Shabalovskaya
- Laboratory for Cognitive Investigations and Behavioural Genetics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Terekhina
- Laboratory for Cognitive Investigations and Behavioural Genetics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana B Leshchinskaia
- Laboratory for Cognitive Investigations and Behavioural Genetics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov A Agarkova
- Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | | | - Yulia Kovas
- Laboratory for Cognitive Investigations and Behavioural Genetics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia; Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
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86
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Hoen AG, Madan JC, Li Z, Coker M, Lundgren SN, Morrison HG, Palys T, Jackson BP, Sogin ML, Cottingham KL, Karagas MR. Sex-specific associations of infants' gut microbiome with arsenic exposure in a US population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12627. [PMID: 30135504 PMCID: PMC6105615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant with antimicrobial properties that can be found in food and drinking water. The influence of arsenic exposure on the composition of the human microbiome in US populations remains unknown, particularly during the vulnerable infant period. We investigated the relationship between arsenic exposure and gut microbiome composition in 204 infants prospectively followed as part of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Infant urine was analyzed for total arsenic concentration using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Stool microbiome composition was determined using sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Infant urinary arsenic related to gut microbiome composition at 6 weeks of life (p = 0.05, adjusted for infant feeding type and urine specific gravity). Eight genera, six within the phylum Firmicutes, were enriched with higher arsenic exposure. Fifteen genera were negatively associated with urinary arsenic concentration, including Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Upon stratification by both sex and feeding method, we found detectable associations among formula-fed males (p = 0.008), but not other groups (p > 0.05 for formula-fed females and for breastfed males and females). Our findings from a US population indicate that even moderate arsenic exposure may have meaningful, sex-specific effects on the gut microbiome during a critical window of infant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne G Hoen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
| | - Juliette C Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Modupe Coker
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sara N Lundgren
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Hilary G Morrison
- Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Palys
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Mitchell L Sogin
- Josephine Bay Paul Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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87
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Garza-Lombó C, Posadas Y, Quintanar L, Gonsebatt ME, Franco R. Neurotoxicity Linked to Dysfunctional Metal Ion Homeostasis and Xenobiotic Metal Exposure: Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1669-1703. [PMID: 29402131 PMCID: PMC5962337 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Essential metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc play a role as cofactors in the activity of a wide range of processes involved in cellular homeostasis and survival, as well as during organ and tissue development. Throughout our life span, humans are also exposed to xenobiotic metals from natural and anthropogenic sources, including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. It is well recognized that alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and an increased environmental/occupational exposure to xenobiotic metals are linked to several neurological disorders, including neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental alterations. Recent Advances: The redox activity of essential metals is key for neuronal homeostasis and brain function. Alterations in redox homeostasis and signaling are central to the pathological consequences of dysfunctional metal ion homeostasis and increased exposure to xenobiotic metals. Both redox-active and redox-inactive metals trigger oxidative stress and damage in the central nervous system, and the exact mechanisms involved are starting to become delineated. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we aim to appraise the role of essential metals in determining the redox balance in the brain and the mechanisms by which alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and exposure to xenobiotic metals disturb the cellular redox balance and signaling. We focus on recent literature regarding their transport, metabolism, and mechanisms of toxicity in neural systems. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Delineating the specific mechanisms by which metals alter redox homeostasis is key to understand the pathological processes that convey chronic neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1669-1703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Garza-Lombó
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska.,2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Yanahi Posadas
- 3 Departamentos de Farmacología y de, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México .,4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- 4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- 2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska
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88
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Limmer MA, Mann J, Amaral DC, Vargas R, Seyfferth AL. Silicon-rich amendments in rice paddies: Effects on arsenic uptake and biogeochemistry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1360-1368. [PMID: 29929248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An emerging approach to limit rice uptake and grain As targets the shared root-uptake pathway between As(III) and Si. We amended rice paddy mesocosms with Si-rich rice residues (husk and husk char) or silicate fertilizer to evaluate the impact of different Si sources on rice uptake of Si and As including As speciation in grain under background soil As. For a systems-approach, we also measured plant biomass, rice yield, porewater chemistry, mesocosm-scale CH4 and CO2 fluxes, plant concentrations of nutrients and metals, and root Fe plaque mineralogy. Relative to the control, Si-rich amendments increased plant Si and proportion of ferrihydrite on root plaque, decreased root-to-shoot Mn transfer and As uptake, and shifted grain As from inorganic to organic As. The charred husk treatment, which resulted in the most Si accumulation in rice shoots, most decreased plant As and grain As. Husk treatment led to the highest CH4 emissions, but all treatments had lower CH4 emissions than has been reported for straw treatments. Collectively, Si-rich amendments performed similarly across several biogeochemical benchmarks, with charred husk best restricting plant As, suggesting these amendments can be used to reduce toxicity of As from rice grain while maintaining yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Limmer
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Jessica Mann
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Douglas C Amaral
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Rodrigo Vargas
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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89
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Xia X, Liang C, Sheng J, Yan S, Huang K, Li Z, Pan W, Tao R, Hao J, Zhu B, Tong S, Tao F. Association between serum arsenic levels and gestational diabetes mellitus: A population-based birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:850-856. [PMID: 29348076 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common obstetric complication with adverse effects on both mothers and their children. Previous studies revealed the link between Arsenic (As) exposure and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM), but the data on the association between maternal As exposure and GDM is scarce. We examined this association among a population-based birth cohort. As concentrations were determined at multiple time points during pregnancy by ICP-MS. The association between As levels and GDM prevalence was examined using logistic regression model after adjustment for confounders. A total of 419 (12.85%) women were diagnosed with GDM. The incidences of GDM gradually increased with increasing quartiles of As levels with significant trend. As levels were associated with the GDM (95%CI: 1.29-2.43) at only the 4th quartile in the first trimester. After adjustment for maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), monthly income, gestational age and parity, the association remains significant (95%CI: 1.22-2.38). Stratified analyses showed the associations were largely limited to normal maternal age (95%CI: 1.19-3.04) and normal weight women (95%CI: 1.18-2.66). Our study showed an association between As and GDM in a birth cohort and explored first trimester may be the critical period for As associated GDM. This association was universal in the general pregnant population of normal age and of normal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xia
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangqin Yan
- Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Center, Ma'anshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Pan
- Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Center, Ma'anshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwen Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Shanghai Children's Medical Centre, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
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90
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Carey M, Donaldson E, Signes-Pastor AJ, Meharg AA. Dilution of rice with other gluten free grains to lower inorganic arsenic in foods for young children in response to European Union regulations provides impetus to setting stricter standards. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194700. [PMID: 29547635 PMCID: PMC5856424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing realisation that young infants are exposed to elevated concentrations of the carcinogen inorganic arsenic, relative to adults. This is because many infant food products are rice based, and rice is ~10-fold elevated in inorganic arsenic compared to most other foods. The European Commission (EC) has acted on this concern setting stricter standards for infants, 100 μg of inorganic arsenic per kg of food (100 μg/kg), as compared to adults (200 μg/kg), for rice based foods, a law that was brought into place in 1st January 2016. Here we investigate how this law has impacted on inorganic arsenic in baby food products in the UK market, and compare the findings to previous baby food surveys taken before and just after the law came into place. We find that for a wide range of UK infant products that the new regulations are being adhered to, with all samples surveyed, being under 100 μg/kg inorganic arsenic. The prevalence of pure rice products had decreased in the UK, and there appears to be careful sourcing of the rice used in these products to ensure conformity with regulations. There has been an increased presence of mixed cereal products, with rice and maize as the main ingredient, appearing on the UK market, with varying rice contents for infant porridges, cakes and mueslis, with the latter being a relatively innovative product for infant foods. There was a highly significant correlation (P<0.0001) between rice content and inorganic arsenic concentration across all infant foods. When UK infant rice cakes, breakfast cereals and porridges were compare to their general, i.e. not labelled specifically for being for infant consumption, equivalent it was found that the adult foods generally exceeded the 100 μg/kg inorganic arsenic standard for infant foods. Thus, infants should not be given rice products not specifically labelled as being for them if a lower inorganic arsenic diet is to be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Emily Donaldson
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- * E-mail:
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91
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Song P, Hai Y, Wang X, Zhao L, Chen B, Cui P, Xie Q, Yu L, Li Y, Wu Z, Li H. Realgar transforming solution suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth by inhibiting VEGF receptor 2 signaling in vein endothelial cells. Arch Pharm Res 2018. [PMID: 29542005 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Realgar (As4S4), as an arsenic sulfide mineral drug, has a good therapeutic reputation for anticancer in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and has recently been reported to inhibit angiogenesis in tumor growth. However, considering the poor solubility and low bioavailability of realgar, large dose of realgar and long period of treatment are necessary for achieving the effective blood medicine concentration. In present study, we resolved the crucial problem of poor solubility of realgar by using intrinsic biotransformation in microorganism, and investigated underlying mechanisms of realgar transforming solution (RTS) for antiangiogenesis. Our results demonstrated that RTS had a strong activity to inhibit HUVECs proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation. Moreover, RTS inhibited VEGF/bFGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and the downstream protein kinases including ERK, FAK, and Src. In vivo zebrafish and chicken chorioallantoic membrane model experiments showed that RTS remarkably blocked angiogenesis. Finally, compared with the control, administration of 2.50 mg/kg RTS reached more than 50% inhibition against H22 tumor allografts in KM mice, but caused few toxic effects in the host. The antiangiogenic effect was indicated by CD31 immunohistochemical staining and alginate-encapsulated tumor cell assay. In summary, our findings suggest that RTS inhibits angiogenesis and may be a potential drug candidate in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Disease by Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Jiayuguan West Road No. 732, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Hai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Longhe Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Baoqiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Peng Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qinjian Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhengrong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Road No. 222, Lanzhou, 730000, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Donggang Road No. 199, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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92
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Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Beland FA, Doerge DR. Metabolism and disposition of arsenic species after repeated oral dosing with sodium arsenite in drinking water. II. Measurements in pregnant and fetal CD-1 mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018. [PMID: 29530638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is ubiquitous in the earth's crust, and human diseases are linked with exposures that are similar to dietary intake estimates. Metabolic methylation of inorganic arsenic facilitates excretion of pentavalent metabolites and decreases acute toxicity; however, tissue binding of trivalent arsenic intermediates is evidence for concomitant metabolic activation. Pregnant and fetal CD-1 mice comprise a key animal model for arsenic carcinogenesis since adult-only exposures have minimal effects. This study evaluated inorganic arsenic and its metabolites in pentavalent and trivalent states in blood and tissues from maternal and fetal CD-1 mice after repeated administration of arsenite through drinking water. After 8 days of exposure, DMA species were ubiquitous in dams and fetuses. Despite the presence of MMAIII in dams, none was observed in any fetal sample. This difference may be important in assessing fetal susceptibility to arsenic toxicity because MMA production has been linked with human disease. Binding of DMAIII in fetal tissues provided evidence for metabolic activation, although the role for such binding in arsenic toxicity is unclear. This study provides links between administered dose, metabolism, and internal exposures from a key animal model of arsenic toxicity to better understand risks from human exposure to environmental arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Twaddle
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Michelle Vanlandingham
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Daniel R Doerge
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.
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93
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Packianathan C, Li J, Kandavelu P, Sankaran B, Rosen BP. Reorientation of the Methyl Group in MAs(III) is the Rate-Limiting Step in the ArsM As(III) S-Adenosylmethionine Methyltransferase Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3104-3112. [PMID: 29600290 PMCID: PMC5870839 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The most common biotransformation of trivalent inorganic arsenic (As(III)) is methylation to mono-, di-, and trimethylated species. Methylation is catalyzed by As(III) S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) methyltransferase (termed ArsM in microbes and AS3MT in animals). Methylarsenite (MAs(III)) is both the product of the first methylation step and the substrate of the second methylation step. When the rate of the overall methylation reaction was determined with As(III) as the substrate, the first methylation step was rapid, whereas the second methylation step was slow. In contrast, when MAs(III) was used as the substrate, the rate of methylation was as fast as the first methylation step when As(III) was used as the substrate. These results indicate that there is a slow conformational change between the first and second methylation steps. The structure of CmArsM from the thermophilic alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae sp. 5508 was determined with bound MAs(III) at 2.27 Å resolution. The methyl group is facing the solvent, as would be expected when MAs(III) is bound as the substrate rather than facing the SAM-binding site, as would be expected for MAs(III) as a product. We propose that the rate-limiting step in arsenic methylation is slow reorientation of the methyl group from the SAM-binding site to the solvent, which is linked to the conformation of the side chain of a conserved residue Tyr70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Packianathan
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of
Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33134, United States
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of
Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33134, United States
| | - Palani Kandavelu
- SER-CAT
and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Molecular
Biophysics and Integrated Biology, Lawrence
Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Barry P. Rosen
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of
Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33134, United States
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94
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Guillod-Magnin R, Brüschweiler BJ, Aubert R, Haldimann M. Arsenic species in rice and rice-based products consumed by toddlers in Switzerland. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2018; 35:1164-1178. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1440641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Guillod-Magnin
- Division of Risk Assessment, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Berne, Switzerland
| | - Beat J. Brüschweiler
- Division of Risk Assessment, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Berne, Switzerland
| | - Rafael Aubert
- Division of Risk Assessment, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Berne, Switzerland
| | - Max Haldimann
- Division of Risk Assessment, Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office (FSVO), Berne, Switzerland
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95
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Abstract
Background Rice is known to be high in arsenic, including in infant rice cereal. Although arsenic in drinking water is currently regulated, there are currently no US regulations regarding arsenic concentrations in food. Objective We used published values to estimate arsenic exposure via rice cereal relative to breast milk or formula for 6- to 12-month-old infants in the general US population. Results We found that arsenic exposure from 3 servings of rice cereal exceeded that of formula made with water containing arsenic at 10 mg/L, the US Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level. Conclusions Our findings suggest that rice cereal can markedly increase arsenic exposure among US infants relative to breast milk and formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C Carignan
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
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96
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Valdés M, Hanchey A, Muñoz MP, Baumert B, Iglesias V. Low-level arsenic exposure during pregnancy and its association with postpartum depression: A cohort study of women from Arica, Chile. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2017; 65:427-435. [PMID: 29110958 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the relationship between inorganic arsenic exposure and psychological impairment has been studied previously, the association between low-level arsenic exposure during pregnancy and postpartum depression has not yet been examined. The objective is to estimate the association between low-level arsenic exposure during pregnancy and the Edinburgh score. METHODS A sample of 223 women was collected from five public health services in Arica, Chile. Participation was voluntary and written consent was mandatory. Sociodemographic data related to arsenic exposure and urine samples for total inorganic arsenic assessments were collected during the second trimester. Postpartum depression symptoms were estimated by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression scale. We examined descriptive statistics and ran multiple linear regressions. The modifying effect of age and depression history was evaluated separately. RESULTS The median for total urinary inorganic arsenic was 14.6μg/L (range: 2-69.2μg/L), the median for postpartum depression score was 8 points (range: 0-27 points) and 20.6% of women were considered as postpartum depressed. For women older than 25years old without depression history, the adjusted coefficient for the total urinary natural logarithm of inorganic arsenic in multiple linear regressions was -2.51 (95% CI: -4.54, -0.48; P-value=0.02). For women older than 25years old with a depression history, this value was 2.09 (95% CI: -0.90, 5.08; P-value=0.16). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, the number of children, physical perception, depression history, stressful maternity, and age were associated with postpartum depression score. The Edinburgh score was associated with inorganic arsenic in women older than 25years without depression history.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Valdés
- Becaria CONICYT, Programa Doctorado en Salud Pública, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 939, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Hanchey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, 150, East Green Street, 30602 Athens, GA, USA
| | - M P Muñoz
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 939, Santiago, Chile
| | - B Baumert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, 150, East Green Street, 30602 Athens, GA, USA
| | - V Iglesias
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 939, Santiago, Chile.
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97
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Farzan SF, Brickley EB, Li Z, Gilbert-Diamond D, Gossai A, Chen Y, Howe CG, Palys T, Karagas MR. Maternal and infant inflammatory markers in relation to prenatal arsenic exposure in a U.S. pregnancy cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:426-433. [PMID: 28410520 PMCID: PMC5477637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence indicates that arsenic (As), a potent environmental toxicant, may increase cardiovascular disease risk and adversely affect endothelial function at high levels of exposure. Pregnancy is a vulnerable time for both mother and child; however, studies examining the association between prenatal As exposure and plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function in mothers and newborns are lacking. METHODS We examined maternal urinary As levels at gestational weeks 24-28 and levels of inflammatory biomarkers in plasma from 563 pregnant women and 500 infants' cord blood. We assessed a multiplexed panel of circulating inflammatory and endothelial function markers, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM1). RESULTS Compared with the bottom tertile, the highest tertile of maternal urinary As during pregnancy was associated with a 145.2ng/ml (95% CI 4.1, 286.3; p=0.04) increase in cord blood ICAM1 and 557.3ng/ml (95% CI -56.4, 1171.1; p=0.09) increase in cord blood VCAM1. Among mothers, the highest tertile of maternal urinary As during pregnancy was related to a 141.8ng/ml (95% CI 26.1, 257.5; p=0.02) increase maternal plasma VCAM1 levels. Urinary As was unrelated to MCP1 or TNFα in maternal plasma and cord blood. In structural equation models, the association between maternal urinary As and infant VCAM was mediated by maternal levels of VCAM (βmediation: 0.024, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.050). CONCLUSION Our observations indicate that As exposure during pregnancy may affect markers of vascular health and endothelial function in both pregnant women and children, and suggest further investigation of the potential impacts on cardiovascular health in these susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Anala Gossai
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Palys
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA and Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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98
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Winterbottom EF, Koestler DC, Fei DL, Wika E, Capobianco AJ, Marsit CJ, Karagas MR, Robbins DJ. The aquaglyceroporin AQP9 contributes to the sex-specific effects of in utero arsenic exposure on placental gene expression. Environ Health 2017; 16:59. [PMID: 28615018 PMCID: PMC5471920 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-specific factors play a major role in human health and disease, including responses to environmental stresses such as toxicant exposure. Increasing evidence suggests that such sex differences also exist during fetal development. In a previous report using the resources of the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS), we found that low-to-moderate in utero exposure to arsenic, a highly toxic and widespread pollutant, was associated with altered expression of several key developmental genes in the fetal portion of the placenta. These associations were sex-dependent, suggesting that in utero arsenic exposure differentially impacts male and female fetuses. In the present study, we investigated the molecular basis for these sex-specific responses to arsenic. METHODS Using NanoString technology, we further analyzed the fetal placenta samples from the NHBCS for the expression of genes encoding arsenic transporters and metabolic enzymes. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine their relationship with arsenic exposure and with key developmental genes, after stratification by fetal sex. RESULTS We found that maternal arsenic exposure was strongly associated with expression of the AQP9 gene, encoding an aquaglyceroporin transporter, in female but not male fetal placenta. Moreover, AQP9 expression associated with that of a subset of female-specific arsenic-responsive genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that AQP9 is upregulated in response to arsenic exposure in female, but not male, fetal placenta. Based on these results and prior studies, increased AQP9 expression may lead to increased arsenic transport in the female fetal placenta, which in turn may alter the expression patterns of key developmental genes that we have previously shown to be associated with arsenic exposure. Thus, this study suggests that AQP9 may play a role in the sex-specific effects of in utero arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F. Winterbottom
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Devin C. Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Dennis Liang Fei
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
- Current address: Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Eric Wika
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Anthony J. Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - David J. Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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99
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Davis MA, Signes-Pastor AJ, Argos M, Slaughter F, Pendergrast C, Punshon T, Gossai A, Ahsan H, Karagas MR. Assessment of human dietary exposure to arsenic through rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1237-1244. [PMID: 28233618 PMCID: PMC5502079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice accumulates 10-fold higher inorganic arsenic (i-As), an established human carcinogen, than other grains. This review summarizes epidemiologic studies that examined the association between rice consumption and biomarkers of arsenic exposure. After reviewing the literature we identified 20 studies, among them included 18 observational and 2 human experimental studies that reported on associations between rice consumption and an arsenic biomarker. Among individuals not exposed to contaminated water, rice is a source of i-As exposure - rice consumption has been consistently related to arsenic biomarkers, and the relationship has been clearly demonstrated in experimental studies. Early-life i-As exposure is of particular concern due to its association with lifelong adverse health outcomes. Maternal rice consumption during pregnancy also has been associated with infant toenail total arsenic concentrations indicating that dietary exposure during pregnancy results in fetal exposure. Thus, the collective evidence indicates that rice is an independent source of arsenic exposure in populations around the world and highlights the importance of investigating its affect on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States; University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Maria Argos
- University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Francis Slaughter
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Claire Pendergrast
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Anala Gossai
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States
| | | | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States.
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100
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Woodside JV, McMullan P, Mullan K, Carey M, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Levels of infants' urinary arsenic metabolites related to formula feeding and weaning with rice products exceeding the EU inorganic arsenic standard. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176923. [PMID: 28472079 PMCID: PMC5417520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood inorganic arsenic (i-As) exposure is of particular concern since it may adversely impact on lifetime health outcomes. Infants' urinary arsenic (As) metabolites were analysed in 79 infants by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric detection (IC-ICP-MS) to evaluate i-As exposure pre- and post-weaning. Levels of i-As in rice-based weaning and infants' foods were also determined to relate to urinary As levels. Higher As levels, especially of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were found in urine from formula fed infants compared to those breastfed. Urine from infants post-weaning consuming rice-products resulted in higher urinary MMA and DMA compared to the paired pre-weaning urine samples. The European Union (EU) has regulated i-As in rice since 1st January 2016. Comparing infants' rice-based foods before and after this date, little change was found. Nearly ¾ of the rice-based products specifically marketed for infants and young children contained i-As over the 0.1 mg/kg EU limit. Efforts should be made to provide low i-As rice and rice-based products consumed by infants and young children that do not exceed the maximum i-As level to protect this vulnerable subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jayne V. Woodside
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul McMullan
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Mullan
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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