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Wang Y, Chen Y, Wei Q, Wan H, Sun C. Phylogenetic relationships of sucrose transporters (SUTs) in plants and genome-wide characterization of SUT genes in Orchidaceae reveal roles in floral organ development. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11961. [PMID: 34603845 PMCID: PMC8445082 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose is the primary form of photosynthetically produced carbohydrates transported long distance in many plant species and substantially affects plant growth, development and physiology. Sucrose transporters (SUTs or SUCs) are a group of membrane proteins that play vital roles in mediating sucrose allocation within cells and at the whole-plant level. In this study, we investigated the relationships among SUTs in 24 representative plant species and performed an analysis of SUT genes in three sequenced Orchidaceae species: Dendrobium officinale, Phalaenopsis equestris, and Apostasia shenzhenica. All the SUTs from the 24 plant species were classified into three groups and five subgroups, subgroups A, B1, B2.1, B2.2, and C, based on their evolutionary relationships. A total of 22 SUT genes were identified among Orchidaceae species, among which D. officinale had 8 genes (DoSUT01-08), P. equestris had eight genes (PeqSUT01-08) and A. shenzhenica had 6 genes (AsSUT01-06). For the 22 OrchidaceaeSUTs, subgroups A, B2.2 and C contained three genes, whereas the SUT genes were found to have significantly expanded in the monocot-specific subgroup B2.1, which contained 12 genes. To understand sucrose partitioning and the functions of sucrose transporters in Orchidaceae species, we analyzed the water-soluble sugar content and performed RNA sequencing of different tissues of D. officinale, including leaves, stems, flowers and roots. The results showed that although the total content of water-soluble polysaccharides was highest in the stems of D. officinale, the sucrose content was highest in the flowers. Moreover, gene expression analysis showed that most of the DoSUTs were expressed in the flowers, among which DoSUT01,DoSUT07 and DoSUT06 had significantly increased expression levels. These results indicated that stems are used as the main storage sinks for photosynthetically produced sugar in D. officinale and that DoSUTs mainly function in the cellular machinery and development of floral organs. Our findings provide valuable information on sucrose partitioning and the evolution and functions of SUT genes in Orchidaceae and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhen Wei
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chongbo Sun
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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52
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Bavnhøj L, Paulsen PA, Flores-Canales JC, Schiøtt B, Pedersen BP. Molecular mechanism of sugar transport in plants unveiled by structures of glucose/H + symporter STP10. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:1409-1419. [PMID: 34556835 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential sources of energy and carbon and also function as key signalling molecules in plants. Sugar transport proteins (STP) are proton-coupled symporters responsible for uptake of glucose from the apoplast into plant cells. They are integral to organ development in symplastically isolated tissues such as seed, pollen and fruit. Additionally, STPs play a vital role in plant responses to stressors such as dehydration and prevalent fungal infections like rust and mildew. Here we present a structure of Arabidopsis thaliana STP10 in the inward-open conformation at 2.6 Å resolution and a structure of the outward-occluded conformation at improved 1.8 Å resolution, both with glucose and protons bound. The two structures describe key states in the STP transport cycle. Together with molecular dynamics simulations that establish protonation states and biochemical analysis, they pinpoint structural elements, conserved in all STPs, that clarify the basis of proton-to-glucose coupling. These results advance our understanding of monosaccharide uptake, which is essential for plant organ development, and set the stage for bioengineering strategies in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laust Bavnhøj
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Aasted Paulsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Birgit Schiøtt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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53
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Goddard ML, Belval L, Martin IR, Roth L, Laloue H, Deglène-Benbrahim L, Valat L, Bertsch C, Chong J. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Triggers Major Changes in Primary Metabolism Together With Modification of Defense Responses and Signaling in Both Roots and Leaves of Vitis vinifera. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:721614. [PMID: 34512700 PMCID: PMC8424087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.721614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide but is subjected to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, especially related to climate change. In this context, the grapevine culture could take advantage of symbiosis through association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which are able to establish symbiosis with most terrestrial plants. Indeed, it is well established that mycorrhization improves grapevine nutrition and resistance to stresses, especially water stress and resistance to root pathogens. Thus, it appears essential to understand the effect of mycorrhization on grapevine metabolism and defense responses. In this study, we combined a non-targeted metabolomic approach and a targeted transcriptomic study to analyze changes induced in both the roots and leaves of V. vinifera cv. Gewurztraminer by colonization with Rhizophagus irregularis (Ri). We showed that colonization of grapevine with AMF triggers major reprogramming of primary metabolism in the roots, especially sugar and fatty acid metabolism. On the other hand, mycorrhizal roots had decreased contents of most sugars and sugar acids. A significant increase in several fatty acids (C16:1, linoleic and linolenic acids and the C20 arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids) was also detected. However, a downregulation of the JA biosynthesis pathway was evidenced. We also found strong induction of the expression of PR proteins from the proteinase inhibitor (PR6) and subtilase (PR7) families in roots, suggesting that these proteins are involved in the mycorrhiza development but could also confer higher resistance to root pathogens. Metabolic changes induced by mycorrhization were less marked in leaves but involved higher levels of linoleic and linolenic acids and decreased sucrose, quinic, and shikimic acid contents. In addition, Ri colonization resulted in enhanced JA and SA levels in leaves. Overall, this study provides a detailed picture of metabolic changes induced by AMF colonization in a woody, economically important species. Moreover, stimulation of fatty acid biosynthesis and PR protein expression in roots and enhanced defense hormone contents in leaves establish first insight in favor of better resistance of grapevine to various pathogens provided by AMF colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Lorène Goddard
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications, Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Mulhouse, France
| | - Lorène Belval
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Isabelle R. Martin
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Lucie Roth
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications, Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Mulhouse, France
| | - Hélène Laloue
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Laurence Deglène-Benbrahim
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Laure Valat
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Christophe Bertsch
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Julie Chong
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, UPR 3991), Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar, France
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54
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Yu X, Ali MM, Li B, Fang T, Chen F. Transcriptome data-based identification of candidate genes involved in metabolism and accumulation of soluble sugars during fruit development in 'Huangguan' plum. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13878. [PMID: 34337770 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fruit sweetness being an important factor of organoleptic quality directly affects the consumers' preferences for fresh fruit consumption, and is influenced by the composition and quantity of sugars. In this study, four soluble sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose, and sorbitol) were identified and quantified in plum fruits cv. 'Huangguan' at four different maturity stages (fruitlet, green, veraison, and mature stage). The results revealed that sucrose and glucose are major soluble sugar components at the fruitlet and mature stages, respectively. RNA-Seq analysis was carried out and 6,778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 121 genes involved in sugar metabolism. Furthermore, a total of 39 transcripts of 8 gene families encoding key enzymes related to the metabolism and accumulation of soluble sugars were separately identified. ERD6L (gene 103322904) was involved in keeping a balance of glucose between the inside and outside of vacuole. SS (gene 103333990) and SDH (gene 103335104) regulated the accumulation of fructose at the green stage. SDH (gene 103335104) controlled the degradation of sorbitol at the green stage. SS (gene 103333990) and PFK (gene 103333391) regulated the degradation of sucrose at the early stages of fruit development. Moreover, NINV (gene 103331108) regulated the accumulation of total sugar in plum. Genes 103321334 and 103335689 were important bZIP transcription factors that regulate the accumulation of glucose and fructose in fruits. Twelve DEGs were selected and validated to observe the relative accuracy of transcriptome sequencing data using qRT-PCR. Gene expression patterns were consistent between qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq data, indicating the reliability of RNA-Seq data. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study provided new insights into comprehensive understanding of the genetic control of sugar metabolism and accumulation in plum fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmiao Yu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binqi Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Fang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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55
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Gupta PK, Balyan HS, Gautam T. SWEET genes and TAL effectors for disease resistance in plants: Present status and future prospects. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1014-1026. [PMID: 34076324 PMCID: PMC8295518 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SWEET genes encode sugar transporter proteins and often function as susceptibility (S) genes. Consequently, the recessive alleles of these SWEET genes provide resistance. This review summarizes the available literature on the molecular basis of the role of SWEET genes (as S genes) in the host and corresponding transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) secreted by the pathogen. The review has four major sections, which follow a brief introduction: The first part gives some details about the occurrence and evolution of SWEET genes in approximately 30 plant species; the second part gives some details about systems where (a) SWEET genes with and without TALEs and (b) TALEs without SWEET genes cause different diseases; the third part summarizes the available information about TALEs along with interfering/truncated TALEs secreted by the pathogens; this section also summarizes the available information on effector-binding elements (EBEs) available in the promoters of either the SWEET genes or the Executor R genes; the code that is used for binding of TALEs to EBEs is also described in this section; the fourth part gives some details about the available approaches that are being used or can be used in the future for exploiting SWEET genes for developing disease-resistant cultivars. The review concludes with a section giving conclusions and future possibilities of using SWEET genes for developing disease-resistant cultivars using different approaches, including conventional breeding and genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tinku Gautam
- Department of Genetics and Plant BreedingCCS UniversityMeerutIndia
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56
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Sun M, Zhang Z, Ren Z, Wang X, Sun W, Feng H, Zhao J, Zhang F, Li W, Ma X, Yang D. The GhSWEET42 Glucose Transporter Participates in Verticillium dahliae Infection in Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:690754. [PMID: 34386026 PMCID: PMC8353158 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.690754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporter) proteins, a family of sugar transporters, mediate sugar diffusion across cell membranes. Pathogenic fungi can acquire sugars from plant cells to satisfy their nutritional demands for growth and infection by exploiting plant SWEET sugar transporters. However, the mechanism underlying the sugar allocation in cotton plants infected by Verticillium dahliae, the causative agent of Verticillium wilt, remains unclear. In this study, observations of the colonization of cotton roots by V. dahliae revealed that a large number of conidia had germinated at 48-hour post-inoculation (hpi) and massive hyphae had appeared at 96 hpi. The glucose content in the infected roots was significantly increased at 48 hpi. On the basis of an evolutionary analysis, an association analysis, and qRT-PCR assays, GhSWEET42 was found to be closely associated with V. dahliae infection in cotton. Furthermore, GhSWEET42 was shown to encode a glucose transporter localized to the plasma membrane. The overexpression of GhSWEET42 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants led to increased glucose content, and compromised their resistance to V. dahliae. In contrast, knockdown of GhSWEET42 expression in cotton plants by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) led to a decrease in glucose content, and enhanced their resistance to V. dahliae. Together, these results suggest that GhSWEET42 plays a key role in V. dahliae infection in cotton through glucose translocation, and that manipulation of GhSWEET42 expression to control the glucose level at the infected site is a useful method for inhibiting V. dahliae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhongying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiongfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Daigang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Breeding of Cotton, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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57
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Ali M, Ahmad H, Hayat S, Ghani MI, Amin B, Atif MJ, Wali K, Cheng Z. Application of garlic allelochemicals improves growth and induces defense responses in eggplant (Solanum melongena) against Verticillium dahliae. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112132. [PMID: 33743403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous garlic extracts (AGE) and garlic allelochemical diallyl disulfide (DADS) have been recently reported to bear bioactive properties to stimulate plant growth and development and alter defense-related physiology. We, therefore, performed a bioassay to study these chemicals as possible biostimulants for defense against Verticillium dahliae in eggplant seedlings. AGE and DADS were applied as a foliar application to the eggplants and samples were collected before and after pathogen inoculation at various intervals to analyze the defense mechanism. The obtained data revealed that with the application of AGE and DADS, the seedlings showed responses including activation of antioxidant enzymes, an abundance of chlorophyll contents, alteration of photosynthesis system, and accumulation of plant hormones compared to the control plants. Furthermore, the microscopic analysis of the AGE or DADS treated plants showed high variability in pathogen density within the root crown at 28 days post-inoculation. The low abundance of reactive oxygen species was noticed in AGE or DADS treated plants, which indicates that the plants were able to successfully encounter pathogen attacks. The AGE and DADS treated plants exhibited a lower disease severity index (32.4% and 24.8% vs 87.1% in controls), indicating successful defense against Verticillium infection. Our results were therefore among the first to address the biostimulatory effects of AGE or DADS to induce resistance in eggplant seedlings against V. dahliae and may be used to establish preparation for garlic-derived bioactive compounds to improve growth and defense responses of eggplants under-protected horticultural situations such as glasshouse or plastic tunnels system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Husain Ahmad
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sikandar Hayat
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muhammad Imran Ghani
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bakht Amin
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Muhammad Jawaad Atif
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kashif Wali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zhihui Cheng
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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58
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Liu J, Liu M, Tan L, Huai B, Ma X, Pan Q, Zheng P, Wen Y, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Kang Z, Xiao S. AtSTP8, an endoplasmic reticulum-localised monosaccharide transporter from Arabidopsis, is recruited to the extrahaustorial membrane during powdery mildew infection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2404-2419. [PMID: 33728642 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biotrophic pathogens are believed to strategically manipulate sugar transport in host cells to enhance their access to carbohydrates. However, mechanisms of sugar translocation from host cells to biotrophic fungi such as powdery mildew across the plant-haustorium interface remain poorly understood. To investigate this question, systematic subcellular localisation analysis was performed for all the 14 members of the monosaccharide sugar transporter protein (STP) family in Arabidopsis thaliana. The best candidate AtSTP8 was further characterised for its transport properties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and potential role in powdery mildew infection by gene ablation and overexpression in Arabidopsis. Our results showed that AtSTP8 was mainly localised to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and appeared to be recruited to the host-derived extrahaustorial membrane (EHM) induced by powdery mildew. Functional complementation assays in S. cerevisiae suggested that AtSTP8 can transport a broad spectrum of hexose substrates. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtSTP8 showed increased hexose concentration in leaf tissues and enhanced susceptibility to powdery mildew. Our data suggested that the ER-localised sugar transporter AtSTP8 may be recruited to the EHM where it may be involved in sugar acquisition by haustoria of powdery mildew from host cells in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mengxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Liqiang Tan
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611830, China
| | - Baoyu Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xianfeng Ma
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Qinglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peijing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yingqiang Wen
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute of Biosciences and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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59
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Wang X, Fang J, Liu P, Liu J, Fang W, Fang Z, Xiao Y. Mucoromycotina Fungi Possess the Ability to Utilize Plant Sucrose as a Carbon Source: Evidence From Gongronella sp. w5. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:591697. [PMID: 33584561 PMCID: PMC7874188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.591697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoromycotina is one of the earliest fungi to establish a mutualistic relationship with plants in the ancient land. However, the detailed information on their carbon supply from the host plants is largely unknown. In this research, a free-living Mucoromycotina called Gongronella sp. w5 (w5) was employed to explore its effect on Medicago truncatula growth and carbon source utilization from its host plant during the interaction process. W5 promoted M. truncatula growth and caused the sucrose accumulation in M. truncatula root tissue at 16 days post-inoculation (dpi). The transportation of photosynthetic product sucrose to the rhizosphere by M. truncatula root cells seemed accelerated by upregulating the SWEET gene. A predicted cytoplasmic invertase (GspInv) gene and a sucrose transporter (GspSUT1) homology gene in the w5 genome upregulated significantly at the transcriptional level during w5–M. truncatula interaction at 16 dpi, indicating the possibility of utilizing plant sucrose directly by w5 as the carbon source. Further investigation showed that the purified GspInv displayed an optimal pH of 5.0 and a specific activity of 3380 ± 26 U/mg toward sucrose. The heterologous expression of GspInv and GspSUT1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae confirmed the function of GspInv as invertase and GspSUT1 as sugar transporter with high affinity to sucrose in vivo. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the ability of Mucoromycotina to utilize sucrose from its host plant underwent a process of “loss and gain.” These results demonstrated the capacity of Mucoromycotina to interact with extant land higher plants and may employ a novel strategy of directly up-taking and assimilating sucrose from the host plant during the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Junnan Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Pu Liu
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
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60
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Wu P, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Li L. Comprehensive Analysis of Evolutionary Characterization and Expression for Monosaccharide Transporter Family Genes in Nelumbo nucifera. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.537398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar transporters, an important class of transporters for sugar function, regulate many processes associated with growth, maturation, and senescence processes in plants. In this study, a total of 35 NuMSTs were identified in the Nelumbo nucifera genome and grouped by conserved domains and phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we identified 316 MST genes in 10 other representative plants and performed a comparative analysis with Nelumbo nucifera genes, including evolutionary trajectory, gene duplication, and expression pattern. A large number of analyses across plants and algae indicated that the MST family could have originated from STP and Glct, expanding to form STP and SFP by dispersed duplication. Finally, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and cis-element analysis showed that some of them may be regulated by plant hormones (e.g., abscisic acid), biotic stress factors, and abiotic factors (e.g., drought, excessive cold, and light). We found that under the four abiotic stress conditions, only NuSTP5 expression was upregulated, generating a stress response, and ARBE and LTR were present in NuSTP5. In summary, our findings are significant for understanding and exploring the molecular evolution and mechanisms of NuMSTs in plants.
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61
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Su T, Zhou B, Cao D, Pan Y, Hu M, Zhang M, Wei H, Han M. Transcriptomic Profiling of Populus Roots Challenged with Fusarium Reveals Differential Responsive Patterns of Invertase and Invertase Inhibitor-Like Families within Carbohydrate Metabolism. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7020089. [PMID: 33513923 PMCID: PMC7911864 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium solani (Fs) is one of the notorious necrotrophic fungal pathogens that cause root rot and vascular wilt, accounting for the severe loss of Populus production worldwide. The plant-pathogen interactions have a strong molecular basis. As yet, the genomic information and transcriptomic profiling on the attempted infection of Fs remain unavailable in a woody model species, Populus trichocarpa. We used a full RNA-seq transcriptome to investigate the molecular interactions in the roots with a time-course infection at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) of Fs. Concomitantly, the invertase and invertase inhibitor-like gene families were further analyzed, followed by the experimental evaluation of their expression patterns using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and enzyme assay. The magnitude profiles of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed at 72 hpi inoculation. Approximately 839 genes evidenced a reception and transduction of pathogen signals, a large transcriptional reprogramming, induction of hormone signaling, activation of pathogenesis-related genes, and secondary and carbohydrate metabolism changes. Among these, a total of 63 critical genes that consistently appear during the entire interactions of plant-pathogen had substantially altered transcript abundance and potentially constituted suitable candidates as resistant genes in genetic engineering. These data provide essential clues in the developing new strategies of broadening resistance to Fs through transcriptional or translational modifications of the critical responsive genes within various analyzed categories (e.g., carbohydrate metabolism) in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Biyao Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuting Pan
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Mei Hu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-9598-9551
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Wipf D, Pfister C, Mounier A, Leborgne-Castel N, Frommer WB, Courty PE. Identification of Putative Interactors of Arabidopsis Sugar Transporters. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:13-22. [PMID: 33071187 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hexoses and disaccharides are the key carbon sources for essentially all physiological processes across kingdoms. In plants, sucrose, and in some cases raffinose and stachyose, are transported from the site of synthesis in leaves, the sources, to all other organs that depend on import, the sinks. Sugars also play key roles in interactions with beneficial and pathogenic microbes. Sugar transport is mediated by transport proteins that fall into super-families. Sugar transporter (ST) activity is tuned at different levels, including transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Understanding the ST interactome has a great potential to uncover important players in biologically and physiologically relevant processes, including, but not limited to Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we combined ST interactions and coexpression studies to identify potentially relevant interaction networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carole Pfister
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Arnaud Mounier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Nathalie Leborgne-Castel
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Wolf B Frommer
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
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63
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Ho LH, Lee YI, Hsieh SY, Lin IS, Wu YC, Ko HY, Klemens PA, Neuhaus HE, Chen YM, Huang TP, Yeh CH, Guo WJ. GeSUT4 mediates sucrose import at the symbiotic interface for carbon allocation of heterotrophic Gastrodia elata (Orchidaceae). PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:20-33. [PMID: 32583877 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata, a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid without photosynthetic ability, only grows symbiotically with the fungus Armillaria. The mechanism of carbon distribution in this mycoheterotrophy is unknown. We detected high sucrose concentrations in all stages of Gastrodia tubers, suggesting sucrose may be the major sugar transported between fungus and orchid. Thick symplasm-isolated wall interfaces in colonized and adjacent large cells implied involvement of sucrose importers. Two sucrose transporter (SUT)-like genes, GeSUT4 and GeSUT3, were identified that were highly expressed in young Armillaria-colonized tubers. Yeast complementation and isotope tracer experiments confirmed that GeSUT4 functioned as a high-affinity sucrose-specific proton-dependent importer. Plasma-membrane/tonoplast localization of GeSUT4-GFP fusions and high RNA expression of GeSUT4 in symbiotic and large cells indicated that GeSUT4 likely functions in active sucrose transport for intercellular allocation and intracellular homeostasis. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GeSUT4 had larger leaves but were sensitive to excess sucrose and roots were colonized with fewer mutualistic Bacillus, supporting the role of GeSUT4 in regulating sugar allocation. This is not only the first documented carbon import system in a mycoheterotrophic interaction but also highlights the evolutionary importance of sucrose transporters for regulation of carbon flow in all types of plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsuan Ho
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yung-I Lee
- Biology Department, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Shiuan Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yun-Chien Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Han-Yu Ko
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Patrick A Klemens
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Yi-Min Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Pi Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsin Yeh
- Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Woei-Jiun Guo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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64
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Courbier S, Grevink S, Sluijs E, Bonhomme PO, Kajala K, Van Wees SCM, Pierik R. Far-red light promotes Botrytis cinerea disease development in tomato leaves via jasmonate-dependent modulation of soluble sugars. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2769-2781. [PMID: 32833234 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.25.114439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants experience a decrease in the red:far-red light ratio (R:FR) when grown at high planting density. In addition to eliciting the shade avoidance response, low R:FR also enhances plant susceptibility to pathogens via modulation of defense hormone-mediated responses. However, other mechanisms, also affected by low R:FR, have not been considered as potential components in FR-induced susceptibility. Here, we identify FR-induced accumulation of leaf soluble sugars as a novel component of FR-induced susceptibility. We observed that phytochrome inactivation by FR or phytochrome B mutation was associated with elevated leaf glucose and fructose levels and enhanced disease severity caused by Botrytis cinerea. By experimentally manipulating internal leaf sugar levels, we found that the FR-induced susceptibility in tomato was partly sugar-dependent. Further analysis revealed that the observed sugar accumulation in supplemental FR occurred in a jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent manner, and the JA biosynthesis mutant def1 also displayed elevated soluble sugar levels, which was rescued by exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application. We propose that the reduced JA responsiveness under low R:FR promotes disease symptoms not only via dampened induction of defense responses, but also via increased levels of soluble sugars that supports pathogen growth in tomato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Courbier
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Grevink
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emma Sluijs
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre-Olivier Bonhomme
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kaisa Kajala
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia C M Van Wees
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Pierik
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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65
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Courbier S, Grevink S, Sluijs E, Bonhomme P, Kajala K, Van Wees SCM, Pierik R. Far-red light promotes Botrytis cinerea disease development in tomato leaves via jasmonate-dependent modulation of soluble sugars. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2769-2781. [PMID: 32833234 PMCID: PMC7693051 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants experience a decrease in the red:far-red light ratio (R:FR) when grown at high planting density. In addition to eliciting the shade avoidance response, low R:FR also enhances plant susceptibility to pathogens via modulation of defense hormone-mediated responses. However, other mechanisms, also affected by low R:FR, have not been considered as potential components in FR-induced susceptibility. Here, we identify FR-induced accumulation of leaf soluble sugars as a novel component of FR-induced susceptibility. We observed that phytochrome inactivation by FR or phytochrome B mutation was associated with elevated leaf glucose and fructose levels and enhanced disease severity caused by Botrytis cinerea. By experimentally manipulating internal leaf sugar levels, we found that the FR-induced susceptibility in tomato was partly sugar-dependent. Further analysis revealed that the observed sugar accumulation in supplemental FR occurred in a jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent manner, and the JA biosynthesis mutant def1 also displayed elevated soluble sugar levels, which was rescued by exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application. We propose that the reduced JA responsiveness under low R:FR promotes disease symptoms not only via dampened induction of defense responses, but also via increased levels of soluble sugars that supports pathogen growth in tomato leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Courbier
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Sanne Grevink
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Emma Sluijs
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Pierre‐Olivier Bonhomme
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kaisa Kajala
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia C. M. Van Wees
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ronald Pierik
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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66
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Wu Y, Ma L, Liu Q, Topalović O, Wang Q, Yang X, Feng Y. Pseudomonas fluorescens accelerates a reverse and long-distance transport of cadmium and sucrose in the hyperaccumulator plant Sedum alfredii. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127156. [PMID: 32559889 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can promote root uptake and shoot accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in hyperaccumulator plants, but the mechanisms by which PGPB accelerate root-to-shoot transport of Cd is still unknown. A better understanding of these mechanisms is necessary to develop the strategies that can promote the practical phytoextraction of Cd-polluted soils. In this study, we found that Pseudomonas fluorescens accelerates a reversed and a long-distance transport of Cd and sucrose in Sedum alfredii, by examining the xylem and phloem sap and by quantifying the concentrations of Cd and sucrose in shoot and root. The transcriptome sequencing has revealed the up-regulated expressions of starch metabolism and sucrose biosynthesis related genes in the shoots of Cd hyperaccumulator plant S. alfredii that was inoculated with PGPB P. fluorescens. In addition, the genes of sugar, cation and anion transporters were also up-regulated by bacterial treatment, showing a complicated co-expression network with sucrose biosynthesis related genes. The expression levels of Cd transporter genes, such as ZIP1, ZIP2, HMA2, HMA3 and CAX2, were elevated after PGPB inoculation. As a result, the PGPB successfully colonized the root, and promoted the sucrose shoot-to-root transport and Cd root-to-shoot transport in S. alfredii. Since non-photosynthetic root-associated bacteria usually obtain sugars from photosynthetic plants, our results highlight the importance of PGPB-induced changes in hyperaccumlator plants for both the host and the PGPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Luyao Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qizhen Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Olivera Topalović
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Qiong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Formela-Luboińska M, Remlein-Starosta D, Waśkiewicz A, Karolewski Z, Bocianowski J, Stępień Ł, Labudda M, Jeandet P, Morkunas I. The Role of Saccharides in the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini in Yellow Lupine ( Lupinus luteus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197258. [PMID: 33019571 PMCID: PMC7582877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between soluble sugar levels (sucrose, glucose, or fructose) in yellow lupine embryo axes and the pathogenicity of the hemibiotrophic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Schlecht lupini. The first step of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous saccharides on the growth and sporulation of F. oxysporum. The second one focused on estimating the levels of ergosterol as a fungal growth indicator in infected embryo axes cultured in vitro on sugar containing-medium or without it. The third aim of this study was to record the levels of the mycotoxin moniliformin as the most characteristic secondary metabolite of F. oxysporum in the infected embryo axes with the high sugar medium and without it. Additionally, morphometric measurements, i.e., the length and fresh weight of embryo axes, were done. The levels of ergosterol were the highest in infected embryo axes with a sugar deficit. At the same time, significant accumulation of the mycotoxin moniliformin was recorded in those tissues. Furthermore, it was found that the presence of sugars in water agar medium inhibited the sporulation of the pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum in relation to the control (sporulation of the pathogen on medium without sugar), the strongest inhibiting effect was observed in the case of glucose. Infection caused by F. oxysporum significantly limited the growth of embryo axes, but this effect was more visible on infected axes cultured under sugar deficiency than on the ones cultured with soluble sugars. The obtained results thus showed that high sugar levels may lead to reduced production of mycotoxins by F. oxysporum, limiting infection development and fusariosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Formela-Luboińska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Dorota Remlein-Starosta
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Karolewski
- Department of Phytopathology, Seed Science and Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit “Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection”, UPRES EA 4707, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims, P.O. Box 1039, CEDEX 02, 51687 Reims, France;
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-61-8466040
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Poudel K, Luo X, Chen L, Jing D, Xia X, Tang L, Li H, Cao S. Identification of the SUT Gene Family in Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) and Functional Analysis of PgL0145810.1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186608. [PMID: 32927615 PMCID: PMC7554910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose, an important sugar, is transported from source to sink tissues through the phloem, and plays important role in the development of important traits in plants. However, the SUT gene family is still not well characterized in pomegranate. In this study, we first identified the pomegranate sucrose transporter (SUT) gene family from the whole genome. Then, the phylogenetic relationship of SUT genes, gene structure and their promoters were analyzed. Additionally, their expression patterns were detected during the development of the seed. Lastly, genetic transformation and cytological observation were used to study the function of PgL0145810.1. A total of ten pomegranate SUT genes were identified from the whole genome of pomegranate ‘Tunisia’. The promoter region of all the pomegranate SUT genes contained myeloblastosis (MYB) elements. Four of the SUT genes, PgL0328370.1, PgL0099690.1, PgL0145810.1 and PgL0145770.1, were differentially expressed during seed development. We further noticed that PgL0145810.1 was expressed most prominently in the stem parts in transgenic plants compared to other tissue parts (leaves, flowers and silique). The cells in the xylem vessels were small and lignin content was lower in the transgenic plants as compared to wild Arabidopsis plants. In general, our result suggests that the MYB cis-elements in the promoter region might regulate PgL0145810.1 expression to control the structure of xylem, thereby affecting seed hardness in pomegranate.
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69
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Geiger D. Plant glucose transporter structure and function. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1111-1128. [PMID: 32845347 PMCID: PMC8298354 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The carbohydrate D-glucose is the main source of energy in living organisms. In contrast to animals, as well as most fungi, bacteria, and archaea, plants are capable to synthesize a surplus of sugars characterizing them as autothrophic organisms. Thus, plants are de facto the source of all food on earth, either directly or indirectly via feed to livestock. Glucose is stored as polymeric glucan, in animals as glycogen and in plants as starch. Despite serving a general source for metabolic energy and energy storage, glucose is the main building block for cellulose synthesis and represents the metabolic starting point of carboxylate- and amino acid synthesis. Finally yet importantly, glucose functions as signalling molecule conveying the plant metabolic status for adjustment of growth, development, and survival. Therefore, cell-to-cell and long-distance transport of photoassimilates/sugars throughout the plant body require the fine-tuned activity of sugar transporters facilitating the transport across membranes. The functional plant counterparts of the animal sodium/glucose transporters (SGLTs) are represented by the proton-coupled sugar transport proteins (STPs) of the plant monosaccharide transporter(-like) family (MST). In the framework of this special issue on “Glucose Transporters in Health and Disease,” this review gives an overview of the function and structure of plant STPs in comparison to the respective knowledge obtained with the animal Na+-coupled glucose transporters (SGLTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Geiger
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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70
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Sun K, Zhang W, Yuan J, Song SL, Wu H, Tang MJ, Xu FJ, Xie XG, Dai CC. Nitrogen fertilizer-regulated plant-fungi interaction is related to root invertase-induced hexose generation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5869223. [PMID: 32643762 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying nitrogen (N)-regulated plant-fungi interactions are not well understood. N application modulates plant carbohydrate (C) sinks and is involved in the overall plant-fungal association. We hypothesized that N regulates plant-fungi interactions by influencing the carbohydrate metabolism. The mutualistic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris was found to prioritize host hexose resources through in vitro culture assays and in planta inoculation. Rice-Ph. liquidambaris systems were exposed to N gradients ranging from N-deficient to N-abundant conditions to study whether and how the sugar composition was involved in the dynamics of N-mediated fungal colonization. We found that root soluble acid invertases were activated, resulting in increased hexose fluxes in inoculated roots. These fluxes positively influenced fungal colonization, especially under N-deficient conditions. Further experiments manipulating the carbohydrate composition and root invertase activity through sugar feeding, chemical treatments and the use of different soil types revealed that the external disturbance of root invertase could reduce endophytic colonization and eliminate endophyte-induced host benefits under N-deficient conditions. Collectively, these results suggest that the activation of root invertase is related to N deficiency-enhanced endophytic colonization via increased hexose generation. Certain combinations of farmland ecosystems with suitable N inputs could be implemented to maximize the benefits of plant-fungi associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Li Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Ji Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Guang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
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71
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Xu J, Henry A, Sreenivasulu N. Rice yield formation under high day and night temperatures-A prerequisite to ensure future food security. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1595-1608. [PMID: 32112422 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing temperatures resulting from climate change dramatically impact rice crop production in Asia. Depending on the specific stage of rice development, heat stress reduces tiller/panicle number, decreases grain number per plant and lower grain weight, thus negatively impacting yield formation. Hence improving rice crop tolerance to heat stress in terms of sustaining yield stability under high day temperature (HDT), high night temperature (HNT), or combined high day and night temperature (HDNT) will bolster future food security. In this review article, we highlight the phenological alterations caused by heat and the underlying molecular-physiological and genetic mechanisms operating under different types of heat conditions (HDT, HNT, and HDNT) to understand heat tolerance. Based on our synthesis of HDT, HNT, and HDNT effects on rice yield components, we outline future breeding strategies to contribute to sustained food security under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemeng Xu
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Amelia Henry
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines
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72
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Zhang X, Li X, Ye L, Huang Y, Kang Z, Zhang B, Zhang X. Colonization by Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum affects the growth of Pinus armandii and phoD alkaline phosphatase encoding bacterial community in the rhizosphere. Microbiol Res 2020; 239:126520. [PMID: 32526628 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of truffle ectomycorrhizae and the ecology of truffle-colonized seedlings in the early symbiotic stage are important for the successful truffle cultivation. In this study, two black truffle species, Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum, were selected to colonize Pinus armandii seedlings. 2, 4, 6 and 8 months after inoculation, the growth performance of the host and the rhizosphere soil properties were detected. The dynamic changes of two mating type genes in substrate were also monitored to assess the sexual distribution of truffles. Additionally, the variation of soil bacterial communities encoded by phoD alkaline phosphatase genes was investigated through next-generation sequencing. The results indicated that both T. melanosporum and T. indicum colonization promoted the growth of P. armandii seedlings to some extent, including improving their biomass, total root surface area, root superoxide dismutases and peroxidase activity. The organic matter and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil were also significantly enhanced by two truffles' colonization. The phoD-harboring bacterial community structure was altered by both truffles, and T. melanosporum decreased their diversity or richness on the 6th and 8th month after inoculation. Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Sinorhizobium, a N2-fixer with phoD genes, were found more abundant in truffle-colonized treatments. The mating type distribution of the two truffles was uneven, with MAT1-1-1 gene occupying the majority. Overall, T. melanosporum and T. indicum colonization affected the micro-ecology of truffle symbionts during the early symbiotic stage. These results could give us a better understanding on the truffle-plant-soil-microbe interactions, which would be beneficial to the subsequent truffle cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lei Ye
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongjing Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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73
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Komaitis F, Kalliampakou K, Botou M, Nikolaidis M, Kalloniati C, Skliros D, Du B, Rennenberg H, Amoutzias GD, Frillingos S, Flemetakis E. Molecular and physiological characterization of the monosaccharide transporters gene family in Medicago truncatula. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3110-3125. [PMID: 32016431 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) represent key components of the carbon transport and partitioning mechanisms in plants, mediating the cell-to-cell and long-distance distribution of a wide variety of monosaccharides. In this study, we performed a thorough structural, molecular, and physiological characterization of the monosaccharide transporter gene family in the model legume Medicago truncatula. The complete set of MST family members was identified with a novel bioinformatic approach. Prolonged darkness was used as a test condition to identify the relevant transcriptomic and metabolic responses combining MST transcript profiling and metabolomic analysis. Our results suggest that MSTs play a pivotal role in the efficient partitioning and utilization of sugars, and possibly in the mechanisms of carbon remobilization in nodules upon photosynthate-limiting conditions, as nodules are forced to acquire a new role as a source of both C and N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Komaitis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Kalliampakou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Botou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marios Nikolaidis
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Kalloniati
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Skliros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Baoguo Du
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Grigoris D Amoutzias
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Stathis Frillingos
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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74
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The potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in C cycling: a review. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1581-1596. [PMID: 32448964 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) contribute predominantly to soil organic matter by creating a sink demand for plant C and distributing to below-ground hyphal biomass. The extra-radical hyphae along with glomalin-related soil protein significantly influence the soil carbon dynamics through their larger extent and turnover period need to discuss. The role of AMF is largely overlooked in terrestrial C cycling and climate change models despite their greater involvement in net primary productivity augmentation and further accumulation of this additional photosynthetic fixed C in the soil. However, this buffering mechanism against elevated CO2 condition to sequester extra C by AMF can be described only after considering their potential interaction with other microbes and associated mineral nutrients such as nitrogen cycling. In this article, we try to review the potential of AMF in C sequestration paving the way towards a better understanding of possible AMF mechanism by which C balance between biosphere and atmosphere can be moved forward in more positive direction.
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75
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Overexpression of Melon Tonoplast Sugar Transporter CmTST1 Improved Root Growth under High Sugar Content. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103524. [PMID: 32429319 PMCID: PMC7279021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar allocation is based on the source-to-sink and intracellular transport between different organelles, and sugar transporters are usually involved in these processes. Tonoplast sugar transporters (TST) are responsible for transporting sugar into vacuoles; however, the role of TSTs in root growth and the response to abiotic stress is poorly studied. Here, RNA analysis and promoter-β-glucuronidase staining revealed that a melon TST1 gene (CmTST1) is highly expressed in the roots. The sugar feeding experiment results showed that the expression of CmTST1 in the roots was induced by a relatively high level of sucrose (6%), glucose (3%), and fructose (3%). The ectopic overexpression of CmTST1 in Arabidopsis improved the root and shoot growth of seedlings under high exogenous sugar stress. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of CmTST1 promoted the expression of plasma membrane-located sugar transporters. We proposed that CmTST1 plays a key role in importing sugar transport into the vacuoles of roots in response to metabolic demands to maintain cytosolic sugar homeostasis.
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76
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Ranjbaran M, Solhtalab M, Datta AK. Mechanistic modeling of light-induced chemotactic infiltration of bacteria into leaf stomata. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007841. [PMID: 32384085 PMCID: PMC7209104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the factors that can play a role in bacterial infiltration into leafy greens by keeping stomata open and providing photosynthetic products for microorganisms. We model chemotactic transport of bacteria within a leaf tissue in response to photosynthesis occurring within plant mesophyll. The model includes transport of carbon dioxide, oxygen, bicarbonate, sucrose/glucose, bacteria, and autoinducer-2 within the leaf tissue. Biological processes of carbon fixation in chloroplasts, and respiration in mitochondria of the plant cells, as well as motility, chemotaxis, nutrient consumption and communication in the bacterial community are considered. We show that presence of light is enough to boost bacterial chemotaxis through the stomatal opening and toward photosynthetic products within the leaf tissue. Bacterial chemotactic ability is a major player in infiltration, and plant stomatal defense in closing the stomata as a perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns is an effective way to inhibit the infiltration. Exposure to light can trigger photosynthesis in plant leaves, such as leafy-greens, and increase concentrations of photosynthetic products, such as glucose, within the leaf tissue. Bacteria existing at the leaf surfaces may respond to the available photosynthetic products and migrate into the leaf tissue by chemotaxis toward nutrient concentration gradients. Once the bacteria are inside the leaf tissue, they cannot be washed away, presenting a risk to the consumer. Here, a physics-based model for this light-driven infiltration is presented. This mechanistic model couples transport of bacteria and nutrients, and photosynthesis within a leaf tissue around one stomatal opening. The model shows that the ability of bacteria to transport via chemotaxis is a major factor in infiltration. A moderate intensity light is sufficient to promote chemotactic infiltration of bacteria on a leaf surface into its interior. Infiltration is enhanced in the presence of blue, white and red lights, and for a larger stomatal aperture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ranjbaran
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Mina Solhtalab
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ashim K. Datta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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77
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Jiang N, Yu P, Fu W, Li G, Feng B, Chen T, Li H, Tao L, Fu G. Acid invertase confers heat tolerance in rice plants by maintaining energy homoeostasis of spikelets. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1273-1287. [PMID: 31994745 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress impairs both pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, resulting in pollination failure caused by energy imbalance. Invertase plays a critical role in the maintenance of energy homoeostasis; however, few studies investigated this during heat stress. Two rice cultivars with different heat tolerance, namely, TLY83 (heat tolerant) and LLY722 (heat susceptible), were subjected to heat stress. At anthesis, heat stress significantly decreased spikelet fertility, accompanied by notable reductions in pollen germination on stigma and pollen tube elongation in ovule, especially in LLY722. Acid invertase (INV), rather than sucrose synthase, contributed to sucrose metabolism, which explains the different tolerances of both cultivars. Under heat stress, larger enhancements in NAD(H), ATP, and antioxidant capacity were found in TLY83 compared with LLY722, whereas a sharp reduction in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity was found in the former compared with the latter. Importantly, exogenous INV, 3-aminobenzamide (a PARP inhibitor), sucrose, glucose, and fructose significantly increased spikelet fertility under heat stress, where INV activity was enhanced and PARP activity was inhibited. Therefore, INV can balance the energy production and consumption to provide sufficient energy for pollen germination and pollen tube growth under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pinghui Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimeng Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hubo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longxing Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanfu Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Bagheri LM, Nasr-Esfahani M, Abdossi V, Naderi D. Analysis of candidate genes expression associated with defense responses to root and collar rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici in peppers Capsicum annuum. Genomics 2020; 112:2309-2317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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79
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Yurkov A, Kryukov A, Gorbunova A, Sherbakov A, Dobryakova K, Mikhaylova Y, Afonin A, Shishova M. AM-Induced Alteration in the Expression of Genes, Encoding Phosphorus Transporters and Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Medicago lupulina. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E486. [PMID: 32290059 PMCID: PMC7238158 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Plant-microbe interactions, including those of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), have been investigated for a wide spectrum of model plants. The present study focuses on an analysis of gene expression that encodes phosphate and sugar transporters and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes in a new model plant, the highly mycotrophic Medicago lupulina MLS-1 line under conditions of phosphorus deficiency and inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis. Expression profiles were detected by RT-PCR at six plant stages of development (second leaf, third leaf, shooting, axillary shoot branching initiation, axillary shoot branching, flowering initiation). In comparison to control (without AM), the variant with AM inoculation exhibited a significant elevation of transcription levels of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes (MlSUS, MlHXK1) and sucrose transporters (MlSUC4) in M. lupulina leaves at the shooting stage. We suggest that this leads to a significant increase in the frequency of AM infection, an abundance of mycelium in roots and an increase in AM efficiency (which is calculated by the fresh weight of aerial parts and roots at the axillary shoot branching initiation stage). In roots, the specificity of MlPT4 and MlATP1 gene expressions were revealed for effective AM symbiosis. The level of MlPT4 transcripts in AM roots increased more than tenfold in comparison to that of non-specific MlPT1 and MlPT2. For the first time, MlPT1 expression was shown to increase sharply against MlPT2 in M. lupulina roots without AM at the shooting initiation stage. A significant increase in MlRUB expression was revealed at late stages in the host plant's development, during axillary shoot branching and flowering initiation. The opposite changes characterized MlHXK1 expression. Alteration in MlHXK1 gene transcription was the same, but was more pronounced in roots. The obtained results indicate the importance of genes that encode phosphate transporters and the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism for effective AM development at the shooting stage in the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yurkov
- Laboratory of Ecology of Symbiotic and Associative Rhizobacteria/All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexey Kryukov
- Laboratory of Ecology of Symbiotic and Associative Rhizobacteria/All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anastasia Gorbunova
- Laboratory of Ecology of Symbiotic and Associative Rhizobacteria/All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
- Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology/Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Sherbakov
- Laboratory of Ecology of Symbiotic and Associative Rhizobacteria/All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Ksenia Dobryakova
- Laboratory of Molecular and Environmental Physiology/Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Yulia Mikhaylova
- Laboratory of Biosystematics and Cytology/Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Alexey Afonin
- Laboratory of Genetics of Plant–Microbe Interactions/All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maria Shishova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry/Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
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80
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Fang T, Peng Y, Rao Y, Li S, Zeng L. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Sugar Transporter (ST) Gene Family in Longan ( Dimocarpus longan L.). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030342. [PMID: 32182715 PMCID: PMC7154848 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are nutrients and important signal molecules in higher plants. Sugar transporters (ST) play important role not only in long-distance transport of sugar, but also in sugar accumulations in sink cells. Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) is one of the most important commercial tropical/subtropical evergreen fruit species in Southeast Asia. In this study, a total of 52 longan sugar transporter (DlST) genes were identified and they were divided into eight clades according to phylogenetic analysis. Out of these 52 DlST genes, many plant hormones (e.g., MeJA and gibberellin), abiotic (e.g., cold and drought), and biotic stress responsive element exist in their promoter region. Gene structure analysis exhibited that each of the clades have closely associated gene architectural features based on similar number or length of exons. The numbers of DlSTs, which exhibited alternative splicing (AS) events, in flower bud is more than that in other tissues. Expression profile analysis revealed that ten DlST members may regulate longan flowerbud differentiation. In silico expression profiles in nine longan organs indicated that some DlST genes were tissue specificity and further qRT-PCR analysis suggested that the transcript level of seven DlSTs (DlINT3, DlpGlcT1, DlpGlcT2, DlPLT4, DlSTP1, DlVGT1 and DlVGT2) was consistent with sugar accumulation in fruit, indicating that they might be involved in sugar accumulations during longan fruit development. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of sugar transporters in woody plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.F.); (Y.P.); (Y.R.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.F.); (Y.P.); (Y.R.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ya Rao
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.F.); (Y.P.); (Y.R.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.F.); (Y.P.); (Y.R.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lihui Zeng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.F.); (Y.P.); (Y.R.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: 86-591-8378-9281
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Jiang S, Balan B, Assis RDAB, Sagawa CHD, Wan X, Han S, Wang L, Zhang L, Zaini PA, Walawage SL, Jacobson A, Lee SH, Moreira LM, Leslie CA, Dandekar AM. Genome-Wide Profiling and Phylogenetic Analysis of the SWEET Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Walnut and Their Lack of Responsiveness to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041251. [PMID: 32070009 PMCID: PMC7072939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following photosynthesis, sucrose is translocated to sink organs, where it provides the primary source of carbon and energy to sustain plant growth and development. Sugar transporters from the SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporter) family are rate-limiting factors that mediate sucrose transport across concentration gradients, sustain yields, and participate in reproductive development, plant senescence, stress responses, as well as support plant-pathogen interaction, the focus of this study. We identified 25 SWEET genes in the walnut genome and distinguished each by its individual gene structure and pattern of expression in different walnut tissues. Their chromosomal locations, cis-acting motifs within their 5' regulatory elements, and phylogenetic relationship patterns provided the first comprehensive analysis of the SWEET gene family of sugar transporters in walnut. This family is divided into four clades, the analysis of which suggests duplication and expansion of the SWEET gene family in Juglans regia. In addition, tissue-specific gene expression signatures suggest diverse possible functions for JrSWEET genes. Although these are commonly used by pathogens to harness sugar products from their plant hosts, little was known about their role during Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) infection. We monitored the expression profiles of the JrSWEET genes in different tissues of "Chandler" walnuts when challenged with pathogen Xaj417 and concluded that SWEET-mediated sugar translocation from the host is not a trigger for walnut blight disease development. This may be directly related to the absence of type III secretion system-dependent transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) in Xaj417, which suggests different strategies are employed by this pathogen to promote susceptibility to this major aboveground disease of walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijiao Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Bipin Balan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari Forestali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renata de A. B. Assis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil;
| | - Cintia H. D. Sagawa
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Xueqin Wan
- Department of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Shan Han
- Department of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.W.); (S.H.)
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Sriema L. Walawage
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Aaron Jacobson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Steven H. Lee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Leandro M. Moreira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil;
| | - Charles A. Leslie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (S.J.); (B.B.); (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (L.W.); (L.Z.); (P.A.Z.); (S.L.W.); (A.J.); (S.H.L.); (C.A.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Banasiak J, Borghi L, Stec N, Martinoia E, Jasiński M. The Full-Size ABCG Transporter of Medicago truncatula Is Involved in Strigolactone Secretion, Affecting Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:18. [PMID: 32117367 PMCID: PMC7019051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are plant-derived signaling molecules that stimulate the hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and consequently promote symbiotic interaction between the fungus and the plant. Currently, our knowledge on the molecular mechanism of SL transport is restricted to the Solanaceae family. In the Solanaceae family, SL translocation toward the rhizosphere occurs through the exodermis via hypodermal passage cells and involves a member of the G subfamily, of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters. Most Fabaceae species, including those that are agriculturally important, have a different root anatomy compared to most angiosperm plants (i.e., lacking an exodermis). Thus, we have investigated how SL transport occurs in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Here, we show that overexpression of a SL transporter from petunia (PaPDR1) enhances AMF colonization rates in M. truncatula. This result demonstrates the importance of ABCG proteins for the translocation of orobanchol-type molecules to facilitate arbuscular mycorrhiza, regardless of root anatomy and phylogenetic relationships. Moreover, our research has led to the identification of Medicago ABCG59, a close homologue of Petunia PDR1, that exhibits root specific expression and is up-regulated by phosphate starvation as well as in the presence of rac-GR24, a synthetic SL. Its promoter is active in cortical cells, root tips, and the meristematic zone of nodules. The mtabcg59 loss-of-function mutant displayed a reduced level of mycorrhization compared to the WT plants but had no impact on the number of nodules after Sinorhizobium meliloti inoculation. The reduced mycorrhization indicates that less SLs are secreted by the mutant plants, which is in line with the observation that mtabcg59 exudates exhibit a reduced stimulatory effect on the germination of the parasitic plant Phelipanche ramosa compared to the corresponding wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Banasiak
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lorenzo Borghi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Stec
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michał Jasiński
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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83
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Miao L, Yang S, Zhang K, He J, Wu C, Ren Y, Gai J, Li Y. Natural variation and selection in GmSWEET39 affect soybean seed oil content. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1651-1666. [PMID: 31596499 PMCID: PMC7496907 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a major contributor to the world oilseed production. Its seed oil content has been increased through soybean domestication and improvement. However, the genes underlying the selection are largely unknown. The present contribution analyzed the expression patterns of genes in the seed oil quantitative trait loci with strong selective sweep signals, then used association, functional study and population genetics to reveal a sucrose efflux transporter gene, GmSWEET39, controlling soybean seed oil content and under selection. GmSWEET39 is highly expressed in soybean seeds and encodes a plasma membrane-localized protein. Its expression level is positively correlated with soybean seed oil content. The variation in its promoter and coding sequence leads to different natural alleles of this gene. The GmSWEET39 allelic effects on total oil content were confirmed in the seeds of soybean recombinant inbred lines, transgenic Arabidopsis, and transgenic soybean hairy roots. The frequencies of its superior alleles increased from wild soybean to cultivated soybean, and are much higher in released soybean cultivars. The findings herein suggest that the sequence variation in GmSWEET39 affects its relative expression and oil content in soybean seeds, and GmSWEET39 has been selected to increase seed oil content during soybean domestication and improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Songnan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Jianbo He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Yanhua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Junyi Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General, Ministry of Agriculture)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
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84
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Wang G, Li H, Wang K, Yang J, Duan M, Zhang J, Ye N. Regulation of gene expression involved in the remobilization of rice straw carbon reserves results from moderate soil drying during grain filling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:604-618. [PMID: 31621135 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon reserves in rice straw before flowering contribute greatly to grain filling. Moderate soil drying imposed at the post-anthesis stage significantly promotes carbon reserve remobilization in straws of rice, but the regulation of this process at the proteomic and transcriptomic level remains poorly understood. In this study, we applied moderate soil drying (MD) to rice at the post-anthesis stage, which was followed by dynamic proteomic and transcriptomic studies using SWATH-MS and RNA-seq analysis. MD treatment upregulated the proteins alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase and starch phosphorylase, which are responsible for starch degradation. Furthermore, MD treatment enhanced the expression of proteins involved in the sucrose synthesis pathway, including SPS8 and SPP1. In addition, various monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) and sucrose transporter 2 (SUT2), which are pivotal in carbon reserve remobilization, were also upregulated in straw by MD treatment. Differentially expressed transcription factors, including GRAS, TCP, trihelix, TALE, C3H, and NF-YC, were predicted to interact with other proteins to mediate carbon reserve remobilization in response to MD treatment. Further correlation analysis revealed that the abundances of most of the differentially expressed proteins were not correlated with the corresponding transcript levels, indicating that the carbon reserve remobilization process was probably regulated by posttranscriptional modification. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of carbon reserve remobilization from straw to grain in rice under MD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haoxuan Li
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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85
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Huai B, Yang Q, Wei X, Pan Q, Kang Z, Liu J. TaSTP13 contributes to wheat susceptibility to stripe rust possibly by increasing cytoplasmic hexose concentration. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32000681 PMCID: PMC6993525 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotrophic fungi make intimate contact with host cells to access nutrients. Sugar is considered as the main carbon sources absorbed from host cells by pathogens. Partition, exchanges and competition for sugar at plant-pathogen interfaces are controlled by sugar transporters. Previous studies have indicated that the leaf rust resistance (Lr) gene Lr67, a natural mutation of TaSTP13 encoding a wheat sugar transport protein, confers partial resistance to all three wheat rust species and powdery mildew possibly due to weakened sugar transport activity of TaSTP13 by heterodimerization. However, one major problem that remains unresolved concerns whether TaSTP13 participates in wheat susceptibility to rust and mildew. RESULTS In this study, expression of TaSTP13 was highly induced in wheat leaves challenged by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and certain abiotic treatments. TaSTP13 was localized in the plasma membrane and functioned as homooligomers. In addition, a functional domain for its transport activity was identified in yeast. Suppression of TaSTP13 reduced wheat susceptibility to Pst by barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). While overexpression of TaSTP13 promoted Arabidopsis susceptibility to powdery mildew and led to increased glucose accumulation in the leaves. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TaSTP13 is transcriptionally induced and contributes to wheat susceptibility to stripe rust, possibly by promoting cytoplasmic hexose accumulation for fungal sugar acquisition in wheat-Pst interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qinglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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86
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Huai B, Yang Q, Wei X, Pan Q, Kang Z, Liu J. TaSTP13 contributes to wheat susceptibility to stripe rust possibly by increasing cytoplasmic hexose concentration. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32000681 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2248-2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotrophic fungi make intimate contact with host cells to access nutrients. Sugar is considered as the main carbon sources absorbed from host cells by pathogens. Partition, exchanges and competition for sugar at plant-pathogen interfaces are controlled by sugar transporters. Previous studies have indicated that the leaf rust resistance (Lr) gene Lr67, a natural mutation of TaSTP13 encoding a wheat sugar transport protein, confers partial resistance to all three wheat rust species and powdery mildew possibly due to weakened sugar transport activity of TaSTP13 by heterodimerization. However, one major problem that remains unresolved concerns whether TaSTP13 participates in wheat susceptibility to rust and mildew. RESULTS In this study, expression of TaSTP13 was highly induced in wheat leaves challenged by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and certain abiotic treatments. TaSTP13 was localized in the plasma membrane and functioned as homooligomers. In addition, a functional domain for its transport activity was identified in yeast. Suppression of TaSTP13 reduced wheat susceptibility to Pst by barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). While overexpression of TaSTP13 promoted Arabidopsis susceptibility to powdery mildew and led to increased glucose accumulation in the leaves. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TaSTP13 is transcriptionally induced and contributes to wheat susceptibility to stripe rust, possibly by promoting cytoplasmic hexose accumulation for fungal sugar acquisition in wheat-Pst interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Huai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qinglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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87
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Stuart EK, Plett KL. Digging Deeper: In Search of the Mechanisms of Carbon and Nitrogen Exchange in Ectomycorrhizal Symbioses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1658. [PMID: 31993064 PMCID: PMC6971170 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi is an advantageous partnership for trees in nutrient-limited environments. Ectomycorrhizal fungi colonize the roots of their hosts and improve their access to nutrients, usually nitrogen (N) and, in exchange, trees deliver a significant portion of their photosynthetic carbon (C) to the fungi. This nutrient exchange affects key soil processes and nutrient cycling, as well as plant health, and is therefore central to forest ecosystem functioning. Due to their ecological importance, there is a need to more accurately understand ECM fungal mediated C and N movement within forest ecosystems such that we can better model and predict their role in soil processes both now and under future climate scenarios. There are a number of hurdles that we must overcome, however, before this is achievable such as understanding how the evolutionary history of ECM fungi and their inter- and intra- species variability affect their function. Further, there is currently no generally accepted universal mechanism that appears to govern the flux of nutrients between fungal and plant partners. Here, we consider the current state of knowledge on N acquisition and transport by ECM fungi and how C and N exchange may be related or affected by environmental conditions such as N availability. We emphasize the role that modern genomic analysis, molecular biology techniques and more comprehensive and standardized experimental designs may have in bringing cohesion to the numerous ecological studies in this area and assist us in better understanding this important symbiosis. These approaches will help to build unified models of nutrient exchange and develop diagnostic tools to study these fungi at various scales and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krista L. Plett
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia
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88
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Wei H, Liu J, Zheng J, Zhou R, Cheng Y, Ruan M, Ye Q, Wang R, Yao Z, Zhou G, Deng M, Chen Y, Wan H. Sugar transporter proteins in Capsicum: identification, characterization, evolution and expression patterns. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1749529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Wei
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Wulanchabu Academy of Agricultural and Husbandry Sciences, Wulanchabu, China
| | - Jiaqiu Zheng
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park, Denmark
| | - Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Ruan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingjing Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minghua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yougen Chen
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- China-Australia Research Centre for Crop Improvement, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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89
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Yin Q, Zhu L, Du P, Fan C, Wang J, Zhang B, Li H. Comprehensive analysis of SWEET family genes in Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus grandis). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1790417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Pingzhou Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chunjie Fan
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Baolong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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90
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Calabrese S, Cusant L, Sarazin A, Niehl A, Erban A, Brulé D, Recorbet G, Wipf D, Roux C, Kopka J, Boller T, Courty PE. Imbalanced Regulation of Fungal Nutrient Transports According to Phosphate Availability in a Symbiocosm Formed by Poplar, Sorghum, and Rhizophagus irregularis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1617. [PMID: 31921260 PMCID: PMC6920215 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, key components of nutrient uptake and exchange are specialized transporters that facilitate nutrient transport across membranes. As phosphate is a nutrient and a regulator of nutrient exchanges, we investigated the effect of P availability to extraradical mycelium (ERM) on both plant and fungus transcriptomes and metabolomes in a symbiocosm system. By perturbing nutrient exchanges under the control of P, our objectives were to identify new fungal genes involved in nutrient transports, and to characterize in which extent the fungus differentially modulates its metabolism when interacting with two different plant species. We performed transportome analysis on the ERM and intraradical mycelium of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis associated to Populus trichocarpa and Sorghum bicolor under high and low P availability in ERM, using quantitative RT-PCR and Illumina mRNA-sequencing. We observed that mycorrhizal symbiosis induces expression of specific phosphate and ammonium transporters in both plants. Furthermore, we identified new AM-inducible transporters and showed that a subset of phosphate transporters is regulated independently of symbiotic nutrient exchange. mRNA-Sequencing revealed that the fungal transportome was not similarly regulated in the two host plant species according to P availability. Mirroring this effect, many plant carbohydrate transporters were down-regulated in P. trichocarpa mycorrhizal root tissue. Metabolome analysis revealed further that AM root colonization led to a modification of root primary metabolism under low and high P availability and to a decrease of primary metabolite pools in general. Moreover, the down regulation of the sucrose transporters suggests that the plant limits carbohydrate long distance transport (i.e. from shoot to the mycorrhizal roots). By simultaneous uptake/reuptake of nutrients from the apoplast at the biotrophic interface, plant and fungus are both able to control reciprocal nutrient fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Loic Cusant
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Alexis Sarazin
- Department of Biology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Niehl
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Daphnée Brulé
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Roux
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Boller
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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91
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Cheng J, Wen S, Bie Z. Overexpression of hexose transporter CsHT3 increases cellulose content in cucumber fruit peduncle. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 145:107-113. [PMID: 31677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexose transporters play many important roles in plant development. However, the role of hexose transporter in secondary cell wall growth has not been reported before. Here, we report that the hexose transporter gene CsHT3 is mainly expressed in cells with secondary cell walls in cucumber. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that the transcript of CsHT3 mainly accumulates in the stem, petiole, tendril, and peduncle, all of which contain high cellulose levels. Immunolocalization results show that CsHT3 is localized at the sclereids in young peduncles, shifts to the phloem fiber cells during peduncle development, and then shifts again to the companion cells when the development of secondary cell walls is almost completed. Carboxyfluoresce unloading experiment indicated that carbohydrate unloading in the phloem follows an apoplastic pathway. Overexpression of CsHT3 in cucumber plant can improve the cellulose content and cell wall thickness of phloem fiber cells in the peduncle. The expression of cellulose synthase genes were increased in the CsHT3 overexpression plants. These results indicated that CsHT3 may play an important role in cellulose synthesis through promoting the expression of cellulose synthase genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Suying Wen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Zhilong Bie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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92
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Zhang W, Yuan J, Cheng T, Tang MJ, Sun K, Song SL, Xu FJ, Dai CC. Flowering-mediated root-fungus symbiosis loss is related to jasmonate-dependent root soluble sugar deprivation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:3208-3226. [PMID: 31373013 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The role of flowering in root-fungal symbiosis is not well understood. Because flowering and fungal symbionts are supported by carbohydrates, we hypothesized that flowering modulates root-beneficial fungal associations through alterations in carbohydrate metabolism and transport. We monitored fungal colonization and soluble sugars in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana following inoculation with a mutualistic fungus Phomopsis liquidambari across different plant developmental stages. Jasmonate signalling of wild-type plants, sugar transport, and root invertase of wild-type and jasmonate-insensitive plants were exploited to assess whether and how jasmonate-dependent sugar dynamics are involved in flowering-mediated fungal colonization alterations. We found that flowering restricts root-fungal colonization and activates root jasmonate signalling upon fungal inoculation. Jasmonates reduce the constitutive and fungus-induced accumulation of root glucose and fructose at the flowering stage. Further experiments with sugar transport and metabolism mutant lines revealed that root glucose and fructose positively influence fungal colonization. Diurnal, jasmonate-dependent inhibitions of sugar transport and soluble invertase activity were identified as likely mechanisms for flowering-mediated root sugar depletion upon fungal inoculation. Collectively, our results reveal that flowering drives root-fungus cooperation loss, which is related to jasmonate-dependent root soluble sugar depletion. Limiting the spread of root-fungal colonization may direct more resources to flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Li Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang-Ji Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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93
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Wang JG, Zhao TT, Wang WZ, Feng CL, Feng XY, Xiong GR, Shen LB, Zhang SZ, Wang WQ, Zhang ZX. Culm transcriptome sequencing of Badila (Saccharum officinarum L.) and analysis of major genes involved in sucrose accumulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:455-465. [PMID: 31655344 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane is an important sugar and energy crop worldwide. It utilises highly efficient C4 photosynthesis and accumulates sucrose in its culms. The sucrose content in sugarcane culms is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. The regulatory mechanism underlying the maximum sucrose level in sugarcane culms remains unclear. We used transcriptome sequences to identify the potential regulatory genes involved in sucrose accumulation in Saccarum officinarum L. cv. Badila. The sucrose accumulating internodes at the elongation and mature growth stage and the immature internodes with low sucrose content at the mature stage were used for RNA sequencing. The obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to sucrose accumulation were analysed. Results showed that the transcripts encoding invertase (beta-fructofuranosidase, EC: 3.2.1.26) which catalyses sucrose hydrolysis and 6-phosphofructokinase (PFK, EC: 2.7.1.11), a key glycolysis regulatory enzyme, were downregulated in the high sucrose accumulation internodes. The transcripts encoding key enzymes for ABA, gibberellin and ethylene synthesis were also downregulated during sucrose accumulation. Furthermore, regulated protein kinase, transcription factor and sugar transporter genes were also obtained. This research can clarify the molecular regulation network of sucrose accumulation in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Cui-Lian Feng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Feng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Guo-Ru Xiong
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Lin-Bo Shen
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China.
| | - Wen-Quan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sugarcane Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China.
| | - Zu-Xing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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94
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Xu X, Ren Y, Wang C, Zhang H, Wang F, Chen J, Liu X, Zheng T, Cai M, Zeng Z, Zhou L, Zhu S, Tang W, Wang J, Guo X, Jiang L, Chen S, Wan J. OsVIN2 encodes a vacuolar acid invertase that affects grain size by altering sugar metabolism in rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:1273-1290. [PMID: 31321495 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OsVIN2, a vacuolar invertase, affects grain size and yield by altering sugar composition, transport, and starch accumulation in rice. Grain size, a major determinant of rice yield, is influenced by many developmental and environmental factors. Sugar metabolism plays vital roles in plant development. However, the way in which sugar metabolism affects rice grain size remains largely elusive. In this study, we characterized the small grain-size rice mutant sgs1. Histological analyses showed that reduced spikelet hull and endosperm size results from decreased cell size rather than cell number. Map-based cloning and complementation tests revealed that a DaiZ7 transposon insertion in a vacuolar invertase gene OsVIN2 is responsible for the mutant phenotype. Subcellular distribution and biochemical analysis indicated that OsVIN2 is located in the vacuolar lumen, and that its sucrose hydrolysis activity is maintained under acidic conditions. Furthermore, an altered sugar content with increased sucrose and decreased hexose levels, as well as changes in invertase and sucrose synthase activities, sugar transport gene expression, and starch constitution in sgs1 implies that OsVIN2 affects sucrose metabolism, including sugar composition, transport, and conversion from the source to the sink organs. Collectively, OsVIN2 is involved in sugar metabolism, and thus regulates grain size; our findings provide insights into grain development and also suggest a potential strategy to improve grain quality and yield in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulong Ren
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Maohong Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqiong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Saihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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95
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Doidy J, Vidal U, Lemoine R. Sugar transporters in Fabaceae, featuring SUT MST and SWEET families of the model plant Medicago truncatula and the agricultural crop Pisum sativum. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223173. [PMID: 31568488 PMCID: PMC6768477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar transporters play a crucial role for plant productivity, as they coordinate sugar fluxes from source leaf towards sink organs (seed, fruit, root) and regulate the supply of carbon resources towards the microorganisms of the rhizosphere (bacteria and fungi). Thus, sugar fluxes mediated by SUT (sucrose transporters), MST (monosaccharide transporters) and SWEET (sugar will eventually be exported transporters) families are key determinants of crop yield and shape the microbial communities living in the soil. In this work, we performed a systematic search for sugar transporters in Fabaceae genomes, focusing on model and agronomical plants. Here, we update the inventory of sugar transporter families mining the latest version of the Medicago truncatula genome and identify for the first time SUT MST and SWEET families of the agricultural crop Pisum sativum. The sugar transporter families of these Fabaceae species comprise respectively 7 MtSUT 7 PsSUT, 72 MtMST 59 PsMST and 26 MtSWEET 22 PsSWEET. Our comprehensive phylogenetic analysis sets a milestone for the scientific community, as we propose a new and simple nomenclature to correctly name SUT MST and SWEET families. Then, we searched for transcriptomic data available for our gene repertoire. We show that several clusters of homologous genes are co-expressed in different organs, suggesting that orthologous sugar transporters may have a conserved function. We focused our analysis on gene candidates that may be involved in remobilizing resources during flowering, grain filling and in allocating carbon towards roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobia. Our findings open new perspectives for agroecological applications in legume crops, as for instance improving the yield and quality of seed productions and promoting the use of symbiotic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Doidy
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Ugo Vidal
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
| | - Rémi Lemoine
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, EBI "Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions", Poitiers, France
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96
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Chen LY, VanBuren R, Paris M, Zhou H, Zhang X, Wai CM, Yan H, Chen S, Alonge M, Ramakrishnan S, Liao Z, Liu J, Lin J, Yue J, Fatima M, Lin Z, Zhang J, Huang L, Wang H, Hwa TY, Kao SM, Choi JY, Sharma A, Song J, Wang L, Yim WC, Cushman JC, Paull RE, Matsumoto T, Qin Y, Wu Q, Wang J, Yu Q, Wu J, Zhang S, Boches P, Tung CW, Wang ML, Coppens d'Eeckenbrugge G, Sanewski GM, Purugganan MD, Schatz MC, Bennetzen JL, Lexer C, Ming R. The bracteatus pineapple genome and domestication of clonally propagated crops. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1549-1558. [PMID: 31570895 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Domestication of clonally propagated crops such as pineapple from South America was hypothesized to be a 'one-step operation'. We sequenced the genome of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus CB5 and assembled 513 Mb into 25 chromosomes with 29,412 genes. Comparison of the genomes of CB5, F153 and MD2 elucidated the genomic basis of fiber production, color formation, sugar accumulation and fruit maturation. We also resequenced 89 Ananas genomes. Cultivars 'Smooth Cayenne' and 'Queen' exhibited ancient and recent admixture, while 'Singapore Spanish' supported a one-step operation of domestication. We identified 25 selective sweeps, including a strong sweep containing a pair of tandemly duplicated bromelain inhibitors. Four candidate genes for self-incompatibility were linked in F153, but were not functional in self-compatible CB5. Our findings support the coexistence of sexual recombination and a one-step operation in the domestication of clonally propagated crops. This work guides the exploration of sexual and asexual domestication trajectories in other clonally propagated crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Chen
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Robert VanBuren
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Margot Paris
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hongye Zhou
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Xingtan Zhang
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ching Man Wai
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hansong Yan
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Michael Alonge
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Zhenyang Liao
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Juan Liu
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jishan Lin
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yue
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mahpara Fatima
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhicong Lin
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jisen Zhang
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixian Huang
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Teh-Yang Hwa
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | - Shu-Min Kao
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, NY, New York, USA
| | - Anupma Sharma
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lulu Wang
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Won C Yim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MS330, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - John C Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MS330, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Robert E Paull
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tracie Matsumoto
- USDA-ARS, Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Yuan Qin
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Wu
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, CATAS, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Qingyi Yu
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter Boches
- USDA-ARS, Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | - Ming-Li Wang
- Hawaii Agriculture Research Center, Kunia, HI, USA
| | - Geo Coppens d'Eeckenbrugge
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France.,AGAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Garth M Sanewski
- Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Nambour, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael D Purugganan
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, NY, New York, USA
| | - Michael C Schatz
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Christian Lexer
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ray Ming
- FAFU and UIUC-SIB Joint Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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97
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Wipf D, Krajinski F, van Tuinen D, Recorbet G, Courty PE. Trading on the arbuscular mycorrhiza market: from arbuscules to common mycorrhizal networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1127-1142. [PMID: 30843207 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis occurs between obligate biotrophic fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most land plants. The exchange of nutrients between host plants and AM fungi (AMF) is presumed to be the main benefit for the two symbiotic partners. In this review article, we outline the current concepts of nutrient exchanges within this symbiosis (mechanisms and regulation). First, we focus on phosphorus and nitrogen transfer from the fungal partner to the host plant, and on the reciprocal transfer of carbon compounds, with a highlight on a possible interplay between nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition during AM symbiosis. We further discuss potential mechanisms of regulation of these nutrient exchanges linked to membrane dynamics. The review finally addresses the common mycorrhizal networks formed AMF, which interconnect plants from similar and/or different species. Finally the best way to integrate this knowledge and the ensuing potential benefits of AM into sustainable agriculture is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Franziska Krajinski
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Ghislaine Recorbet
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
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98
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Meteier E, La Camera S, Goddard ML, Laloue H, Mestre P, Chong J. Overexpression of the VvSWEET4 Transporter in Grapevine Hairy Roots Increases Sugar Transport and Contents and Enhances Resistance to Pythium irregulare, a Soilborne Pathogen. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:884. [PMID: 31354761 PMCID: PMC6629970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sugar transport and partitioning play key roles in the regulation of plant development and responses to biotic and abiotic factors. During plant/pathogen interactions, there is a competition for sugar that is controlled by membrane transporters and their regulation is decisive for the outcome of the interaction. SWEET sugar transporters are the targets of extracellular pathogens, which modify their expression to acquire the sugars necessary to their growth (Chen et al., 2010). The regulation of carbon allocation and sugar partitioning in the interaction between grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and its pathogens is poorly understood. We previously characterized the SWEET family in V. vinifera and showed that SWEET4 could be involved in resistance to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis (Chong et al., 2014). To study the role of VvSWEET4 in grapevine, we produced V. vinifera cv. Syrah hairy roots overexpressing VvSWEET4 under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter (VvSWEET4 OX). High levels of VvSWEET4 expression in hairy roots resulted in enhanced growth on media containing glucose or sucrose and increased contents in glucose and fructose. Sugar uptake assays further showed an improved glucose absorption in VvSWEET4 overexpressors. In parallel, we observed that VvSWEET4 expression was significantly induced after infection of wild type grapevine hairy roots with Pythium irregulare, a soilborne necrotrophic pathogen. Importantly, grapevine hairy roots overexpressing VvSWEET4 exhibited an improved resistance level to P. irregulare infection. This resistance phenotype was associated with higher glucose pools in roots after infection, higher constitutive expression of several genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, and higher flavanol contents. We propose that high sugar levels in VvSWEET4 OX hairy roots provides a better support to the increased energy demand during pathogen infection. In addition, high sugar levels promote biosynthesis of flavonoids with antifungal properties. Overall, this work highlights the key role of sugar transport mediated by SWEET transporters for secondary metabolism regulation and pathogen resistance in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Meteier
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute-Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Sylvain La Camera
- UMR CNRS 7267, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe “SEVE-Sucres et Echanges Végétaux-Environnement,” Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Mary-Lorène Goddard
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute-Alsace, Colmar, France
- CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Laboratoire d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications, Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, Mulhouse, France
| | - Hélène Laloue
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute-Alsace, Colmar, France
| | - Pere Mestre
- SVQV, Université de Strasbourg, INRA, Colmar, France
| | - Julie Chong
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute-Alsace, Colmar, France
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99
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Zhao S, Chen A, Chen C, Li C, Xia R, Wang X. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the possible roles of sugar metabolism and export for positive mycorrhizal growth responses in soybean. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:712-728. [PMID: 30288747 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate molecular mechanisms controlling differential growth responses to root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi varying in colonization and cooperative behavior, a pot experiment was carried out using two soybean genotypes and three AM inocula. The results showed that inoculation by cooperative Rhizophagus irregularis (Ri) or less cooperative Glomus aggregatum with high AM colonization (Ga-H) significantly promoted plant growth compared with inoculation by G. aggregatum with low AM colonization (Ga-L). A comparative RNA sequencing analysis of the root transcriptomes showed that fatty acid synthesis pathway was significantly enriched in all three AM inoculation roots. However, sugar metabolism and transport were significantly enriched only in Ri and Ga-H inoculation, which was consistent with positive growth responses in these two inoculation treatments. Accordingly, the expression levels of the key genes related to sugar metabolism and transport were also upregulated in Ri and Ga-H roots compared with Ga-L roots. Of them, two sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET) transporter genes, GmSWEET6 (Glyma.04G198600) and GmSWEET15 (Glyma.06G166800), and one invertase (Glyma.17G227900) gene were exclusively induced only in Ri and Ga-H roots. Promoter analyses in transgenic soybean roots further demonstrated that GUS driven by the GmSWEET6 promoter was highly expressed in arbuscule-containing cortical cells. Additionally, Ri and Ga-H inoculation increased the contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose in both shoots and roots compared with those of Ga-L and non-mycorrhizal. These results imply that positive mycorrhizal growth responses in plants might mostly be due to the stimulation of photosynthate metabolism and transport by AM fungal inoculum with high colonization capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - A Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chengchen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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100
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Kong W, An B, Zhang Y, Yang J, Li S, Sun T, Li Y. Sugar Transporter Proteins (STPs) in Gramineae Crops: Comparative Analysis, Phylogeny, Evolution, and Expression Profiling. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060560. [PMID: 31181814 PMCID: PMC6628381 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar transporter proteins (STPs), such as H+/sugar symporters, play essential roles in plants’ sugar transport, growth, and development, and possess an important potential to enhance plants’ performance of multiple agronomic traits, especially crop yield and stress tolerance. However, the evolutionary dynamics of this important gene family in Gramineae crops are still not well-documented and functional differentiation of rice STP genes remain unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a comparative genomic study of STP genes in seven representative Gramineae crops, which are Brachypodium distachyon (Bd), Hordeum vulgare (Hv), Setaria italica (Si), Sorghum bicolor (Sb), Zea mays (Zm), Oryza rufipogon (Or), and Oryza sativa ssp. japonica (Os). In this case, a total of 177 STP genes were identified and grouped into four clades. Of four clades, the Clade I, Clade III, and Clade IV showed an observable number expansion compared to Clade II. Our results of identified duplication events and divergence time of duplicate gene pairs indicated that tandem, Whole genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication events play crucial roles in the STP gene family expansion of some Gramineae crops (expect for Hv) during a long-term evolutionary process. However, expansion mechanisms of the STP gene family among the tested species were different. Further selective force studies revealed that the STP gene family in Gramineae crops was under purifying selective forces and different clades and orthologous groups with different selective forces. Furthermore, expression analysis showed that rice STP genes play important roles not only in flower organs development but also under various abiotic stresses (cold, high-temperature, and submergence stresses), blast infection, and wounding. The current study highlighted the expansion and evolutionary patterns of the STP gene family in Gramineae genomes and provided some important messages for the future functional analysis of Gramineae crop STP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Baoguang An
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China. Yue.Zhang-@whu.edu.cn
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shuangmiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Tong Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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