51
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Lee KSS, Ng JC, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Wagner K, Hammock BD. Preparation and evaluation of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with improved physical properties and potencies for treating diabetic neuropathic pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115735. [PMID: 33007552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a novel therapeutic target for neuropathic pain, is a largely cytosolic enzyme that degrades epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs), an important class of lipid signaling molecules. Many inhibitors of sEH have been reported, and to date, the 1,3-disubstituted urea has the highest affinity reported for the sEH among the central pharmacophores evaluated. An earlier somewhat water soluble sEH inhibitor taken to the clinic for blood pressure control had mediocre potency (both affinity and kinetics) and a short in vivo half-life. We undertook a study to overcome these difficulties, but the sEH inhibitors carrying a 1,3-disubstituted urea often suffer poor physical properties that hinder their formulation. In this report, we described new strategies to improve the physical properties of sEH inhibitors with a 1,3-disubstituted urea while maintaining their potency and drug-target residence time (a complementary in vitro parameter) against sEH. To our surprise, we identified two structural modifications that substantially improve the potency and physical properties of sEH inhibitors carrying a 1,3-disubstituted urea pharmacophore. Such improvements will greatly facilitate the movement of sEH inhibitors to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jen C Ng
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Sung-Hee Hwang
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Karen Wagner
- EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Synthia LLC, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Entomology and Nematology, One Shields Ave, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States; EicOsis Human Health, 140 B Street, Suite 5, Number 346, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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52
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Greite R, Derlin K, Hensen B, Thorenz A, Rong S, Chen R, Hellms S, Jang MS, Bräsen JH, Meier M, Willenberg I, Immenschuh S, Haller H, Luft FC, Panigrahy D, Hwang SH, Hammock BD, Schebb NH, Gueler F. Early antihypertensive treatment and ischemia-induced acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F563-F570. [PMID: 32799675 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00078.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently complicates major surgery and can be associated with hypertension and progress to chronic kidney disease, but reports on blood pressure normalization in AKI are conflicting. In the present study, we investigated the effects of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, and a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), on renal inflammation, fibrosis, and glomerulosclerosis in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced AKI. Male CD1 mice underwent unilateral IRI for 35 min. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff, and mesangial matrix expansion was quantified on methenamine silver-stained sections. Renal perfusion was assessed by functional MRI in vehicle- and TPPU-treated mice. Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the severity of AKI and inflammation. Leukocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry, and proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Plasma and tissue levels of TPPU and lipid mediators were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. IRI resulted in a blood pressure increase of 20 mmHg in the vehicle-treated group. TPPU and enalapril normalized blood pressure and reduced mesangial matrix expansion. However, inflammation and progressive renal fibrosis were severe in all groups. TPPU further reduced renal perfusion on days 1 and 14. In conclusion, early antihypertensive treatment worsened renal outcome after AKI by further reducing renal perfusion despite reduced glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Greite
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Derlin
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bennet Hensen
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Thorenz
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Hellms
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mi-Sun Jang
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Martin Meier
- Imaging Center, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | - Friedrich C Luft
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max-Delbrück Center/Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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53
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Pu Y, Yang J, Chang L, Qu Y, Wang S, Zhang K, Xiong Z, Zhang J, Tan Y, Wang X, Fujita Y, Ishima T, Wang D, Hwang SH, Hammock BD, Hashimoto K. Maternal glyphosate exposure causes autism-like behaviors in offspring through increased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11753-11759. [PMID: 32398374 PMCID: PMC7260984 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922287117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to herbicides during pregnancy might increase risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the risk of ASD by herbicides such as glyphosate remain unclear. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids is shown to play a key role in the development of ASD in offspring after maternal immune activation. Here, we found ASD-like behavioral abnormalities in juvenile offspring after maternal exposure to high levels of formulated glyphosate. Furthermore, we found higher levels of sEH in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, and striatum of juvenile offspring, and oxylipin analysis showed decreased levels of epoxy-fatty acids such as 8 (9)-EpETrE in the blood, PFC, hippocampus, and striatum of juvenile offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure, supporting increased activity of sEH in the offspring. Moreover, we found abnormal composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in fecal samples of juvenile offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure. Interestingly, oral administration of TPPU (an sEH inhibitor) to pregnant mothers from E5 to P21 prevented ASD-like behaviors such as social interaction deficits and increased grooming time in the juvenile offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure. These findings suggest that maternal exposure to high levels of glyphosate causes ASD-like behavioral abnormalities and abnormal composition of gut microbiota in juvenile offspring, and that increased activity of sEH might play a role in ASD-like behaviors in offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure. Therefore, sEH may represent a target for ASD in offspring after maternal stress from occupational exposure to contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Pu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Lijia Chang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Youge Qu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Siming Wang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Kai Zhang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Zhongwei Xiong
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Yunfei Tan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Xingming Wang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujita
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Tamaki Ishima
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan
| | - Debin Wang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 260-8670 Chiba, Japan;
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54
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Trindade-da-Silva CA, Clemente-Napimoga JT, Abdalla HB, Rosa SM, Ueira-Vieira C, Morisseau C, Verri WA, Montalli VAM, Hammock BD, Napimoga MH. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, TPPU, increases regulatory T cells pathway in an arthritis model. FASEB J 2020; 34:9074-9086. [PMID: 32400048 PMCID: PMC7383812 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000415r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET) and related epoxy fatty acids (EpFA) are endogenous anti‐inflammatory compounds, which are converted by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to dihydroxylethersatrienoic acids (DHETs) with lessened biological effects. Inhibition of sEH is used as a strategy to increase EET levels leading to lower inflammation. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to destruction of joint tissues. This pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between the immune system, and environmental factors. Here, we investigate the effects of inhibiting sEH with 1‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl‐3‐(1‐propionylpiperidin‐4‐yl) urea (TPPU) on a collagen‐induced arthritis model. The treatment with TPPU ameliorates hyperalgesia, edema, and decreases the expression of important pro‐inflammatory cytokines of Th1 and Th17 profiles, while increasing Treg cells. Considering the challenges to control RA, this study provides robust data supporting that inhibition of the sEH is a promising target to treat arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Trindade-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana T Clemente-Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Abdalla
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sergio Marcolino Rosa
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ueira-Vieira
- Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victor Angelo Martins Montalli
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.,EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo H Napimoga
- Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
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55
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Huerta-Yepez S, Tirado-Rodriguez A, Montecillo-Aguado MR, Yang J, Hammock BD, Hankinson O. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent inductions of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism act inversely on tumor progression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7843. [PMID: 32398692 PMCID: PMC7217871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Western diet contains a high ratio of omega-6 (ω6) to omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The prototypical aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), induces CYP1 family enzymes, which can metabolize PUFA to epoxides. Mice fed ω3-rich or ω6-rich diets were treated with TCDD and injected subcutaneously with AHR-competent Hepa1-GFP hepatoma cells or AHR-deficient LLC lung cancer cells. TCDD reduced the growth rates of the resulting tumors in ω3-fed mice and inhibited their metastasis to the liver and/or lung, but had the opposite effects in mice fed ω6 PUFA. These responses were likely attributable to the corresponding PUFA epoxides generated in tumor cells and/or host, since many depended upon co-administration of a soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) inhibitor in males, and/or were associated with increases in epoxide levels in tumors and sites of metastasis. Equivalent effects occurred in females in the absence of EPHX2 inhibition, probably because this sex expressed reduced levels of EPHX2. The responses elicited by TCDD were associated with effects on tumor vascularity, tumor cell proliferation and/or apoptosis. Thus environmental AHR agonists, and potentially also endogenous, nutritional, and microbiome-derived agonists, may reduce or enhance cancer progression depending on the composition of dietary PUFA, particularly in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ana Tirado-Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mayra R Montecillo-Aguado
- Research Unit of Oncology Diseases. Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Oliver Hankinson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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56
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, D'yachenko V, Rybakov VB, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Fluoroaromatic fragments on 1,3-disubstituted ureas enhance soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. J Fluor Chem 2020; 220:48-53. [PMID: 32132741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors containing 2-fluorophenyl fragment was developed. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 0.7 to 630.9 nM. 1-(Adamantan-1-ylmethyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl) urea (3b, IC50 = 0.7 nM) and 1-(adamantan-2-yl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl) urea (3i, IC50 =1.0 nM) were found to be the most potent sEH inhibitors within the described series. Crystal results suggest that potency is probably enhanced by extra hydrogen bond between the fluorine atom and catalytic tyrosine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir D'yachenko
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Victor B Rybakov
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, General Chemistry Faculty, Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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57
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Zhang L, Xu S, Wu X, Muse FM, Chen J, Cao Y, Yan J, Cheng Z, Yi X, Han Z. Protective Effects of the Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl) Urea in a Rat Model of Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:182. [PMID: 32184732 PMCID: PMC7058996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke is a serious disease that endangers human health. In our efforts to develop an effective therapy, we previously showed that the potent, highly selective inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase called 1-trifuoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) protects the brain against focal ischemia in rats. Here we explored the mechanism of TPPU action by assessing whether it could preserve blood-brain barrier integrity and reduce apoptosis in the brain during permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in male Sprague-Dawley rats. TPPU administration at the onset of stroke and once daily thereafter led to smaller infarct volume and brain edema as well as milder neurological deficits. TPPU significantly inhibited the activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase and matrix metalloproteases 2 and 9, reducing 14,15-DHET levels, while increasing expression of tight junction proteins. TPPU decreased numbers of apoptotic cells by down-regulating the pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and Caspase-3, while up-regulating the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. Our results suggest that TPPU can protect the blood-brain barrier and reduce the apoptosis of brain tissue caused by ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Farah Mohamed Muse
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaou Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yungang Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jueyue Yan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zicheng Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingyang Yi
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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58
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Hoxha M, Zappacosta B. CYP-derived eicosanoids: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 146:106405. [PMID: 31838196 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Today the role of cytochrome P450 metabolites in inflammatory rheumatic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still poorly understood. In this review we survey the current knowledge on cytochrome P450 metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis. The balance between CYP epoxygenase- and CYP ω- hydroxylase is correlated to the regulation of NF-κB. In RA patients synovial fluid there are higher levels of IL-6, which suppresses activities of CYP enzymes, such as CYP3A, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP1A2. EETs have anti-inflammatory effects, probably attributed to the PPARγ activation. EETs inhibit bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis, and can be considered as an innovative therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis. In reference to the CYP ɷ-hydroxylase pathway, 20-HETE is a pro-inflammatory mediator. While there is scarce information on the role of 20-HETE inhibitors and its antagonists in rheumatoid arthritis, the elevation of EETs levels by sEH inhibitors is a promising therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis patients. In addition, hybrid compounds, such as sEH inhibitors/FLAP inhibitors, or sEHI combined with NSAIDs/COXIBs are also important therapeutic target. However, studies investigating the effects of inflammation and rheumatic disease on CYP-mediated eicosanoid metabolism are necessary. Obtaining a better understanding of the complex role of CYP-derived eicosanoids in inflammatory rheumatic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis will provide valuable insight for basic and clinical researchers investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvina Hoxha
- Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, Tirana, Albania.
| | - Bruno Zappacosta
- Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, Tirana, Albania
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59
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Liang Z, Zhang B, Xu M, Morisseau C, Hwang SH, Hammock BD, Li QX. 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) Urea, a Selective and Potent Dual Inhibitor of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and p38 Kinase Intervenes in Alzheimer's Signaling in Human Nerve Cells. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4018-4030. [PMID: 31378059 PMCID: PMC7028313 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. Neuroinflammation is a prevalent pathogenic stress leading to neuronal death in AD. Targeting neuroinflammation to keep neurons alive is an attractive strategy for AD therapy. 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) is a potent inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and can enter into the brain. It has good efficacy on a wide range of chronic inflammatory diseases in preclinical animal models. However, the anti-neuroinflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of TPPU for potential AD interventions remain elusive. With an aim to develop multitarget therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases, we screened TPPU against sEH from different mammalian species and a broad panel of human kinases in vitro for potential new targets relevant to neuroinflammation in AD. TPPU inhibits both human sEH and p38β kinase, two key regulators of inflammation, with nanomolar potencies and distinct selectivity. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms, differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were used as an AD cell model, and we investigated the neuroprotection of TPPU against amyloid oligomers. We found that TPPU effectively prevents neuronal death by mitigating amyloid neurotoxicity, tau hyperphosphorylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, promoting neurite outgrowth and suppressing activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB for inflammatory responses in human nerve cells. The results indicate that TPPU is a potent and selective dual inhibitor of sEH and p38β kinase, showing a synergistic action in multiple AD signaling pathways. Our study sheds light upon TPPU and other sEH/p38β dual inhibitors for potential pharmacological interventions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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60
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Klocke J, Ulu A, Wu K, Rudolph B, Dragun D, Gollasch M, Schunck WH, Hammock BD, Riemekasten G, Enghard P. Prophylactic inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase delays onset of nephritis and ameliorates kidney damage in NZB/W F1 mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8993. [PMID: 31222024 PMCID: PMC6586931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxy-fatty-acids (EpFAs), cytochrome P450 dependent arachidonic acid derivatives, have been suggested to have anti-inflammatory properties, though their effects on autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have yet to be investigated. We assessed the influence of EpFAs and their metabolites in lupus prone NZB/W F1 mice by pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH, EPHX2). The sEH inhibitor 1770 was administered to lupus prone NZB/W F1 mice in a prophylactic and a therapeutic setting. Prophylactic inhibition of sEH significantly improved survival and reduced proteinuria. By contrast, sEH inhibitor-treated nephritic mice had no survival benefit; however, histological changes were reduced when compared to controls. In humans, urinary EpFA levels were significantly different in 47 SLE patients when compared to 10 healthy controls. Gene expression of EPHX2 was significantly reduced in the kidneys of both NZB/W F1 mice and lupus nephritis (LN) patients. Correlation of EpFAs with SLE disease activity and reduced renal EPHX gene expression in LN suggest roles for these components in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Klocke
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, UC Davis, California, USA
| | - Kaiyin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Rudolph
- Department of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Duska Dragun
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, UC Davis, California, USA
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Deparment of Rheumatology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Enghard
- Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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61
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Wan D, Yang J, McReynolds CB, Barnych B, Wagner KM, Morisseau C, Hwang SH, Sun J, Blöcher R, Hammock BD. In vitro and in vivo Metabolism of a Potent Inhibitor of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase, 1-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:464. [PMID: 31143115 PMCID: PMC6520522 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
1-(1-Propionylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (TPPU) is a potent soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor that is used extensively in research for modulating inflammation and protecting against hypertension, neuropathic pain, and neurodegeneration. Despite its wide use in various animal disease models, the metabolism of TPPU has not been well-studied. A broader understanding of its metabolism is critical for determining contributions of metabolites to the overall safety and effectiveness of TPPU. Herein, we describe the identification of TPPU metabolites using LC-MS/MS strategies. Four metabolites of TPPU (M1–M4) were identified from rat urine by a sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method with double precursor ion scans. Their structures were further supported by LC-MS/MS comparison with synthesized standards. Metabolites M1 and M2 were formed from hydroxylation on a propionyl group of TPPU; M3 was formed by amide hydrolysis of the 1-propionylpiperdinyl group on TPPU; and M4 was formed by further oxidation of the hydroxylated metabolite M2. Interestingly, the predicted α-keto amide metabolite and 4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline (metabolite from urea cleavage) were not detected by the LC-MRM-MS method. This indicates that if formed, the two potential metabolites represent <0.01% of TPPU metabolism. Species differences in the formation of these four identified metabolites was assessed using liver S9 fractions from dog, monkey, rat, mouse, and human. M1, M2, and M3 were generated in liver S9 fractions from all species, and higher amounts of M3 were generated in monkey S9 fractions compared to other species. In addition, rat and human S9 metabolism showed the highest species similarity based on the quantities of each metabolite. The presence of all four metabolites were confirmed in vivo in rats over 72-h post single oral dose of TPPU. Urine and feces were major routes for TPPU excretion. M1, M4 and parent drug were detected as major substances, and M2 and M3 were minor substances. In blood, M1 accounted for ~9.6% of the total TPPU-related exposure, while metabolites M2, M3, and M4 accounted for <0.4%. All four metabolites were potent inhibitors of human sEH but were less potent than the parent TPPU. In conclusion, TPPU is metabolized via oxidation and amide hydrolysis without apparent breakdown of the urea. The aniline metabolites were not observed either in vitro or in vivo. Our findings increase the confidence in the ability to translate preclinical PK of TPPU in rats to humans and facilitates the potential clinical development of TPPU and other sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cindy B McReynolds
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - René Blöcher
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Pardeshi R, Bolshette N, Gadhave K, Arfeen M, Ahmed S, Jamwal R, Hammock BD, Lahkar M, Goswami SK. Docosahexaenoic Acid Increases the Potency of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor in Alleviating Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Complications of Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:288. [PMID: 31068802 PMCID: PMC6491817 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and it is associated with significant memory loss. In the present study, we hypothesized that the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor N-[1-(1-oxopropyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N'-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-urea (also known as TPPU) could alleviate diabetes-aggravated Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms by improving memory and cognition, and reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with this condition. Also, we evaluated the effect of edaravone, an antioxidant on diabetes-induced Alzheimer's-like complications and the additive effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the efficacy of TPPU. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intraperitoneally administering streptozotocin (STZ). Six weeks after induction of diabetes, animals were either treated with vehicle, edaravone (3 or 10 mg/kg), TPPU (1 mg/kg) or TPPU (1 mg/kg) + DHA (100 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The results demonstrate that the treatments increased the memory response of diabetic rats, in comparison to untreated diabetic rats. Indeed, DHA + TPPU were more effective than TPPU alone in reducing the symptoms monitored. All drug treatments reduced oxidative stress and minimized inflammation in the brain of diabetic rats. Expression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) was increased in the brain of diabetic rats. Treatment with edaravone (10 mg/kg), TPPU or TPPU + DHA minimized the level of APP. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) which metabolizes acetylcholine was increased in the brain of diabetic rats. All the treatments except edaravone (3 mg/kg) were effective in decreasing the activity of AChE and TPPU + DHA was more efficacious than TPPU alone. Intriguingly, the histological changes in hippocampus after treatment with TPPU + DHA showed significant protection of neurons against STZ-induced neuronal damage. Overall, we found that DHA improved the efficacy of TPPU in increasing neuronal survival and memory, decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation possibly by stabilizing anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective epoxides of DHA. In the future, further evaluating the detailed mechanisms of action of sEH inhibitor and DHA could help to develop a strategy for the management of Alzheimer's-like complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Pardeshi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Nityanand Bolshette
- Institutional Level Biotech Hub (IBT Hub), Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Kundlik Gadhave
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, India
| | - Mohammad Arfeen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Sahabuddin Ahmed
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Rohitash Jamwal
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Hammock Laboratory of Pesticide Biotechnology, Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mangala Lahkar
- Institutional Level Biotech Hub (IBT Hub), Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, India
| | - Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Hammock Laboratory of Pesticide Biotechnology, Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Yao L, Cao B, Cheng Q, Cai W, Ye C, Liang J, Liu W, Tan L, Yan M, Li B, He J, Hwang SH, Zhang X, Wang C, Ai D, Hammock BD, Zhu Y. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase ameliorates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced hepatic steatosis by enhancing β-oxidation of fatty acid in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G527-G538. [PMID: 30789748 PMCID: PMC6483021 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00148.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is the beginning phase of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is a significant risk factor. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) hydrolyzes epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids, attenuating their cardiovascular protective effects. However, the involvement of sEH in HHcy-induced hepatic steatosis is unknown. The current study aimed to explore the role of sEH in HHcy-induced lipid disorder. We fed 6-wk-old male mice a chow diet or 2% (wt/wt) high-metnionine diet for 8 wk to establish the HHcy model. A high level of homocysteine induced lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro, which was concomitant with the increased activity and expression of sEH. Treatment with a highly selective specific sEH inhibitor (0.8 mg·kg-1·day-1 for the animal model and 1 μM for cells) prevented HHcy-induced lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of sEH activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), as evidenced by elevated β-oxidation of fatty acids and the expression of PPAR-α target genes in HHcy-induced hepatic steatosis. In primary cultured hepatocytes, the effect of sEH inhibition on PPAR-α activation was further confirmed by a marked increase in PPAR-response element luciferase activity, which was reversed by knock down of PPAR-α. Of note, 11,12-EET ligand dependently activated PPAR-α. Thus increased sEH activity is a key determinant in the pathogenesis of HHcy-induced hepatic steatosis, and sEH inhibition could be an effective treatment for HHcy-induced hepatic steatosis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the current study, we demonstrated that upregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is involved in the hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-caused hepatic steatosis in an HHcy mouse model and in murine primary hepatocytes. Improving hepatic steatosis in HHcy mice by pharmacological inhibition of sEH to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α was ligand dependent, and sEH could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yao
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Boyang Cao
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Cai
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenji Ye
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liang
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Tan
- 2Department of Laboratory Animal Science and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Yan
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bochuan Li
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong He
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- 3Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Davis, California
| | - Xu Zhang
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjiong Wang
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ding Ai
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- 3Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Davis, California
| | - Yi Zhu
- 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases; Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Key role of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the neurodevelopmental disorders of offspring after maternal immune activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7083-7088. [PMID: 30890645 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1819234116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy increases risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. In rodents, maternal immune activation (MIA) yields offspring with schizophrenia- and ASD-like behavioral abnormalities. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in inflammation associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we found higher levels of sEH in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of juvenile offspring after MIA. Oxylipin analysis showed decreased levels of epoxy fatty acids in the PFC of juvenile offspring after MIA, supporting increased activity of sEH in the PFC of juvenile offspring. Furthermore, expression of sEH (or EPHX2) mRNA in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres from schizophrenia patients with the 22q11.2 deletion was higher than that of healthy controls. Moreover, the expression of EPHX2 mRNA in postmortem brain samples (Brodmann area 9 and 40) from ASD patients was higher than that of controls. Treatment with 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a potent sEH inhibitor, in juvenile offspring from prenatal day (P) 28 to P56 could prevent cognitive deficits and loss of parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivity in the medial PFC of adult offspring after MIA. In addition, dosing of TPPU to pregnant mothers from E5 to P21 could prevent cognitive deficits, and social interaction deficits and PV immunoreactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex of juvenile offspring after MIA. These findings suggest that increased activity of sEH in the PFC plays a key role in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring after MIA. Therefore, sEH represents a promising prophylactic or therapeutic target for neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring after MIA.
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Park B, Corson TW. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition for Ocular Diseases: Vision for the Future. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:95. [PMID: 30792659 PMCID: PMC6374558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular diseases cause visual impairment and blindness, imposing a devastating impact on quality of life and a substantial societal economic burden. Many such diseases lack universally effective pharmacotherapies. Therefore, understanding the mediators involved in their pathophysiology is necessary for the development of therapeutic strategies. To this end, the hydrolase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been explored in the context of several eye diseases, due to its implications in vascular diseases through metabolism of bioactive epoxygenated fatty acids. In this mini-review, we discuss the mounting evidence associating sEH with ocular diseases and its therapeutic value as a target. Substantial data link sEH with the retinal and choroidal neovascularization underlying diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy, although some conflicting results pose challenges for the synthesis of a common mechanism. sEH also shows therapeutic relevance in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic keratopathy, and sEH inhibition has been tested in a uveitis model. Various approaches have been implemented to assess sEH function in the eye, including expression analyses, genetic manipulation, pharmacological targeting of sEH, and modulation of certain lipid metabolites that are upstream and downstream of sEH. On balance, sEH inhibition shows considerable promise for treating multiple eye diseases. The possibility of local delivery of inhibitors makes the eye an appealing target for future sEH drug development initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomina Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Timothy W Corson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Hiesinger K, Wagner KM, Hammock BD, Proschak E, Hwang SH. Development of multitarget agents possessing soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 140:31-39. [PMID: 30593866 PMCID: PMC6345559 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades polypharmacology has emerged as a new paradigm in drug discovery, even though developing drugs with high potency and selectivity toward a single biological target is still a major strategy. Often, targeting only a single enzyme or receptor shows lack of efficacy. High levels of inhibitor of a single target also can lead to adverse side effects. A second target may offer additive or synergistic effects to affecting the first target thereby reducing on- and off-target side effects. Therefore, drugs that inhibit multiple targets may offer a great potential for increased efficacy and reduced the adverse effects. In this review we summarize recent findings of rationally designed multitarget compounds that are aimed to improve efficacy and safety profiles compared to those that target a single enzyme or receptor. We focus on dual inhibitors/modulators that target the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) as a common part of their design to take advantage of the beneficial effects of sEH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hiesinger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Lakkappa N, Krishnamurthy PT, M D P, Hammock BD, Hwang SH. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, APAU, protects dopaminergic neurons against rotenone induced neurotoxicity: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicology 2019; 70:135-145. [PMID: 30472438 PMCID: PMC6873230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), metabolites of arachidonic acid, play a crucial role in cytoprotection by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. EETs are rapidly metabolised in vivo by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Increasing the half life of EETs by inhibiting the sEH enzyme is a novel strategy for neuroprotection. In the present study, sEH inhibitors APAU was screened in silico and further evaluated for their antiparkinson activity against rotenone (ROT) induced neurodegeneration in N27 dopaminergic cell line and Drosophila melanogaster model of Parkinson disease (PD). In the in vitro study cell viability (MTT and LDH release assay), oxidative stress parameters (total intracellular ROS, hydroperoxides, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidise, glutathione reductase, glutathione, total antioxidant status, mitochondrial complex-1activity and mitochondrial membrane potential), inflammatory markers (IL-6, COX-1 and COX-2), and apoptotic markers (JNK, phospho-JNK, c-jun, phospho-c-jun, pro and active caspase-3) were assessed to study the neuroprotective effects. In vivo activity of APAU was assessed in Drosophila melanogaster by measuring survival rate, negative geotaxis, oxidative stress parameters (total intracellular ROS, hydroperoxides, glutathione levels) were measured. Dopamine and its metabolites were estimated by LC-MS/MS analysis. In the in silico study the molecule, APAU showed good binding interaction at the active site of sEH (PDB: 1VJ5). In the in vitro study, APAU significantly attenuated ROT induced changes in oxidative, pro-inflammatory and apoptotic parameters. In the in vivo study, APAU significantly attenuates ROT induced changes in survival rate, negative geotaxis, oxidative stress, dopamine and its metabolites levels (p < 0.05). Our study, therefore, concludes that the molecule APAU, has significant neuroprotection benefits against rotenone induced Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Lakkappa
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | | | - Pandareesh M D
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States
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Oh J, Quan KT, Lee JS, Park I, Kim CS, Ferreira D, Thuong PT, Kim YH, Na M. NMR-Based Investigation of Hydrogen Bonding in a Dihydroanthracen-1(4 H)one from Rubia philippinensis and Its Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitory Potential. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2429-2435. [PMID: 30354105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding is a vital feature of a large ensemble of chemical structures. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been targeted for development of the treatment for inflammation-associated diseases. Compounds 1 and 2 were purified from Rubia philippinensis, and their structures were established via physical data analysis. Compound 1 possesses intramolecular hydrogen bonding, sufficiently robust to transfer heteronuclear magnetization via a nonbonded interaction. The bonding strength was assessed using the 1H NMR chemical shift temperature coefficients (-1.8 ppb/K), and the heteronuclear coupling constants were measured. The stereochemical details were investigated using interproton distance analysis and ECD. Purified compounds displayed moderate sEH-inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonseok Oh
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
- Chemical Biology Institute , Yale University , West Haven , Connecticut 06516 , United States
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Herbal Analysis and Standardization , National Institute of Medicinal Materials , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Ji Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
- Chemical Biology Institute , Yale University , West Haven , Connecticut 06516 , United States
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , The University of Mississippi , University , Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Phuong Thien Thuong
- Department of Herbal Analysis and Standardization , National Institute of Medicinal Materials , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
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Kodani SD, Wan D, Wagner KM, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Design and Potency of Dual Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase/Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14076-14086. [PMID: 30411058 PMCID: PMC6210075 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is responsible for regulating concentrations of the endocannabinoid arachidonoyl ethanolamide. Multiple FAAH inhibitors have been developed for clinical trials and have failed to demonstrate efficacy at treating pain, despite promising preclinical data. One approach toward increasing the efficacy of FAAH inhibitors is to concurrently inhibit other targets responsible for regulating pain. Here, we designed dual inhibitors targeting the enzymes FAAH and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which are targets previously shown to synergize at reducing inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Exploration of the sEH/FAAH inhibitor structure-activity relationship started with PF-750, a FAAH inhibitor (IC50 = 19 nM) that weakly inhibited sEH (IC50 = 640 nM). Potency was optimized resulting in an inhibitor with improved potency on both targets (11, sEH IC50 = 5 nM, FAAH IC50 = 8 nM). This inhibitor demonstrated good target selectivity, pharmacokinetic properties (AUC = 1200 h nM, t 1/2 = 4.9 h in mice), and in vivo target engagement.
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Tripathi N, Paliwal S, Sharma S, Verma K, Gururani R, Tiwari A, Verma A, Chauhan M, Singh A, Kumar D, Pant A. Discovery of Novel Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors as Potent Vasodilators. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14604. [PMID: 30279487 PMCID: PMC6168526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of the role of sEH (soluble epoxide hydrolase) in hypertension, we have developed a rigorously validated pharmacophore model containing one HBA (Hydrogen Bond Acceptor), two HY (Hydrophobic) and one RA (Ring Aromatic) features. The model was used as a query to search the NCI (National Cancer Institute) and Maybridge database leading to retrieval of many compounds which were sorted on the basis of predicted activity, fit value and Lipinski’s violation. The selected compounds were docked into the active site of enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase. Potential interactions were observed between the features of the identified hits and the amino acids present in the docking site. The three selected compounds were subjected to in vitro evaluation using enzyme- based assay and the isolated rat aortic model followed by cytotoxicity studies. The results demonstrate that the identified compounds are potent, safe and novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetika Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kanika Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ritika Gururani
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akanksha Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amrita Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P. O. Banasthali, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dipak Kumar
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Post Box No- 80, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
| | - Aditya Pant
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Post Box No- 80, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
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Guo Z, Johnson V, Barrera J, Porras M, Hinojosa D, Hernández I, McGarrah P, Potter DA. Targeting cytochrome P450-dependent cancer cell mitochondria: cancer associated CYPs and where to find them. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 37:409-423. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9749-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Harris TR, Kodani S, Rand AA, Yang J, Imai DM, Hwang SH, Hammock BD. Celecoxib Does Not Protect against Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Model of Liver Injury. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:834-841. [PMID: 29844231 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitor celecoxib is widely used in the treatment of pain and inflammation. Celecoxib has been explored as a possible treatment of liver fibrosis with contradictory results, depending on the model. The present study reports the effect of celecoxib in a 5-week carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model. Celecoxib alone and in combination with inhibitors of the enzyme-soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), as well as a dual inhibitor that targets both COX-2 and sEH, were administered via osmotic minipump to mice receiving intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 Collagen deposition was elevated in the mice treated with both celecoxib and CCl4 compared with the control or CCl4-only groups, as assessed by trichrome staining. Histopathology revealed more extensive fibrosis and cell death in the animals treated with both celecoxib and CCl4 compared with all other experimental groups. Although some markers of fibrosis, such as matrix metalloprotease, were unchanged or lowered in the animals treated with both celecoxib and CCl4, overall, hepatic fibrosis was more severe in this group. Cotreatment with celecoxib and an inhibitor of sEH or treatment with a dual inhibitor of COX-2 and sEH decreased the elevated levels of fibrotic markers observed in the group that received both celecoxib and CCl4 Oxylipid analysis revealed that celecoxib reduced the level of prostaglandin E2 relative to the CCl4 only group. Overall, celecoxib treatment did not decrease liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd R Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sean Kodani
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Amy A Rand
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Denise M Imai
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (T.R.H., S.K., A.A.R., J.Y., S.H.H., B.D.H.), and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.M.I.), University of California, Davis, California
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An inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase ameliorates diabetes-induced learning and memory impairment in rats. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 136:84-89. [PMID: 29751149 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enhances the synaptic function in the CNS and has a protective role in cognitive decline. We hypothesized that the sEH inhibitor TPPU might prevent the diabetes-induced decline in learning and memory which is associated with an alteration in the level of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress. METHODS Type 1 diabetes was induced in rats and the animals were treated with TPPU for 8 weeks. The learning and memory functions were assessed by the Barnes maze and a step-down test. Indicators of oxidative stress, levels of neurotransmitters, and activity of acetylcholinesterase were measured in the discrete regions of the brain. RESULTS Our results revealed that treatment with TPPU significantly improves learning and memory performance in diabetic rats along with decreasing the level of blood sugar. Moreover, treatment with TPPU significantly prevented the diabetes-induced alteration in levels of neurotransmitters, the activity of acetylcholinesterase and preserved anti-oxidant defence system. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the sEH alleviates diabetes-induced decline in learning and memory.
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Soluble epoxide hydrolase plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5815-E5823. [PMID: 29735655 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1802179115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized as a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the deposition of specific protein aggregates of α-synuclein, termed Lewy bodies, is evident in multiple brain regions of PD patients. Although there are several available medications to treat PD symptoms, these medications do not prevent the progression of the disease. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in inflammation associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Here we found that MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-induced neurotoxicity in the mouse striatum was attenuated by subsequent repeated administration of TPPU, a potent sEH inhibitor. Furthermore, deletion of the sEH gene protected against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity, while overexpression of sEH in the striatum significantly enhanced MPTP-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, the expression of the sEH protein in the striatum from MPTP-treated mice or postmortem brain samples from patients with dementia of Lewy bodies (DLB) was significantly higher compared with control groups. Interestingly, there was a positive correlation between sEH expression and phosphorylation of α-synuclein in the striatum. Oxylipin analysis showed decreased levels of 8,9-epoxy-5Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid in the striatum of MPTP-treated mice, suggesting increased activity of sEH in this region. Interestingly, the expression of sEH mRNA in human PARK2 iPSC-derived neurons was higher than that of healthy control. Treatment with TPPU protected against apoptosis in human PARK2 iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons. These findings suggest that increased activity of sEH in the striatum plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as PD and DLB. Therefore, sEH may represent a promising therapeutic target for α-synuclein-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Lipidomic profiling reveals soluble epoxide hydrolase as a therapeutic target of obesity-induced colonic inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5283-5288. [PMID: 29717038 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721711115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with enhanced colonic inflammation, which is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. Considering the obesity epidemic in Western countries, it is important to identify novel therapeutic targets for obesity-induced colonic inflammation, to develop targeted strategies for prevention. Eicosanoids are endogenous lipid signaling molecules involved in regulating inflammation and immune responses. Using an LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics approach, we find that obesity-induced colonic inflammation is associated with increased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and its eicosanoid metabolites, termed fatty acid diols, in colon tissue. Furthermore, we find that pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of sEH reduces colonic concentrations of fatty acid diols, attenuates obesity-induced colonic inflammation, and decreases obesity-induced activation of Wnt signaling in mice. Together, these results support that sEH could be a novel therapeutic target for obesity-induced colonic inflammation and associated diseases.
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76
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Blöcher R, Wagner KM, Gopireddy RR, Harris TR, Wu H, Barnych B, Hwang SH, Xiang YK, Proschak E, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Orally Available Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase/Phosphodiesterase 4 Dual Inhibitor Treats Inflammatory Pain. J Med Chem 2018; 61:3541-3550. [PMID: 29614224 PMCID: PMC5933862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by previously discovered enhanced analgesic efficacy between soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, we designed, synthesized and characterized 21 novel sEH/PDE4 dual inhibitors. The best of these displayed good efficacy in in vitro assays. Further pharmacokinetic studies of a subset of four selected compounds led to the identification of a bioavailable dual inhibitor N-(4-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-propionylpiperidine-4-carboxamide (MPPA). In a lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory pain rat model, MPPA rapidly increased in the blood ( Tmax = 30 min; Cmax = 460 nM) after oral administration of 3 mg/kg and reduced inflammatory pain with rapid onset of action correlating with blood levels over a time course of 4 h. Additionally, MPPA does not alter self-motivated exploration of rats with inflammatory pain or the withdrawal latency in control rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Blöcher
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Raghavender R. Gopireddy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A., and VA Northern California Health Care System, CA 95655 Mather, U.S.A
| | - Todd R. Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Yang K. Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A., and VA Northern California Health Care System, CA 95655 Mather, U.S.A
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, CA 95616, Davis, U.S.A
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Zimmer B, Angioni C, Osthues T, Toewe A, Thomas D, Pierre SC, Geisslinger G, Scholich K, Sisignano M. The oxidized linoleic acid metabolite 12,13-DiHOME mediates thermal hyperalgesia during inflammatory pain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:669-678. [PMID: 29625231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids play a crucial role in inflammatory pain. However, there is very little knowledge about the contribution of oxidized linoleic acid metabolites in inflammatory pain and peripheral sensitization. Here, we identify 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME), a cytochrome P450-derived linoleic acid metabolite, as crucial mediator of thermal hyperalgesia during inflammatory pain. We found 12,13-DiHOME in increased concentrations in peripheral nervous tissue during acute zymosan- and complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain. 12,13-DiHOME causes calcium transients in sensory neurons and sensitizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-mediated intracellular calcium increases via protein kinase C, subsequently leading to enhanced TRPV1-dependent CGRP-release from sensory neurons. Peripheral injection of 12,13-DiHOME in vivo causes TRPV1-dependent thermal pain hypersensitivity. Finally, application of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-inhibitor TPPU reduces 12,13-DiHOME concentrations in nervous tissue and reduces zymosan- and CFA-induced thermal hyperalgesia in vivo. In conclusion, we identify a novel role for the lipid mediator 12,13-DiHOME in mediating thermal hyperalgesia during inflammatory pain and propose a novel mechanism that may explain the antihyperalgesic effects of sEH inhibitors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Zimmer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tabea Osthues
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andy Toewe
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra C Pierre
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Tu R, Armstrong J, Lee KSS, Hammock BD, Sapirstein A, Koehler RC. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition decreases reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5279. [PMID: 29588470 PMCID: PMC5869703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are produced by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from arachidonic acid, and their rapid metabolism is mainly through soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). EETs exert vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects. Administration of sEH inhibitors before or at the onset of stroke is protective, but the effects of post-treatment at reperfusion, when inflammation is augmented, has not been as well studied. We tested the hypothesis that 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea (TPPU), a potent and highly selective sEH inhibitor, suppresses inflammation and protects the brain when administered at reperfusion. Vehicle or 1 mg/kg TPPU was administered at reperfusion after 90 minutes of focal ischemia and again 24 hours later. Protein expression and activity of sEH increased after reperfusion and activity was decreased by TPPU administration. TPPU decreased infarct volume by 50%, reduced neurologic deficits and improved performance on sensorimotor tasks. Furthermore, TPPU significantly lowered the mRNA expression of interleukin-1beta by 3.5-fold and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by 2.2-fold, increased transforming growth factor-beta mRNA by 1.8-fold, and augmented immunostaining of vascular endothelial growth factor in peri-infarct cortex. Thus, inhibition of sEH at reperfusion significantly reduces infarction and improves sensorimotor function, possibly by suppressing early proinflammatory cytokines and promoting reparative cytokines and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Tu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jillian Armstrong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Adam Sapirstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Peng X, Xu X, Chen S, Tian Z, Liu L, Liu Q. Cu(I)-catalyzed one-pot reactions of isatins, indoles, and amines toward unsymmetrically substituted 2-carbonylarylureas. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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80
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Islam O, Patil P, Goswami SK, Razdan R, Inamdar MN, Rizwan M, Mathew J, Inceoglu B, Stephen Lee KS, Hwang SH, Hammock BD. Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase minimize ischemia-reperfusion-induced cardiac damage in normal, hypertensive, and diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 35. [PMID: 28296232 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We designed a study to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of two soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors, 1-(1-propanoylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (TPPU) and trans-4-{4-[3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-ureido]cyclohexyloxy}benzoic acid (t-TUCB), in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model. METHODS Cardioprotective effects of the sEH inhibitors were evaluated against IR-induced myocardial damage in hearts from normal, hypertensive, and diabetic rats using Langendorff's apparatus. In addition, the effect of sEH inhibitors on endothelial function was evaluated in vitro and ex vivo using isolated rat thoracic aorta. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) increased the myocardial damage in hearts from normal rats. IR-induced myocardial damage was augmented in hearts isolated from hypertensive and diabetic rats. Myocardial damage as evident from increase in the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in heart perfusate was associated with significant decrease in the heart rate and developed tension, and increase in the resting tension in isolated heart. Both sEH inhibitors protected the heart in normal, hypertensive, and diabetic rats subjected to IR injury. The sEH inhibitor t-TUCB relaxed phenylephrine precontracted aorta from normal rats. Relaxant effect of acetylcholine (ACh) was reduced in aortas from diabetic and hypertensive rats compared to normal rats. Pretreatment of sEH inhibitors to diabetic and hypertensive rats increased relaxant effect of ACh on aortas isolated from these rats. CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic treatment with sEH inhibitors decreased myocardial damage due to IR, hypertension and diabetes, and decreased endothelial dysfunction created by diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, inhibitors of sEH are useful probes to study cardiovascular pathology, and inhibition of the sEH is a potential approach in the management of IR-induced cardiac damage and endothelial dysfunction-related cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliul Islam
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashanth Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumanta K Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rema Razdan
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed N Inamdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | - Mohammed Rizwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jubin Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kin S Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sung H Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Meanwell NA. Fluorine and Fluorinated Motifs in the Design and Application of Bioisosteres for Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5822-5880. [PMID: 29400967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1365] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties and relatively small size of fluorine endow it with considerable versatility as a bioisostere and it has found application as a substitute for lone pairs of electrons, the hydrogen atom, and the methyl group while also acting as a functional mimetic of the carbonyl, carbinol, and nitrile moieties. In this context, fluorine substitution can influence the potency, conformation, metabolism, membrane permeability, and P-gp recognition of a molecule and temper inhibition of the hERG channel by basic amines. However, as a consequence of the unique properties of fluorine, it features prominently in the design of higher order structural metaphors that are more esoteric in their conception and which reflect a more sophisticated molecular construction that broadens biological mimesis. In this Perspective, applications of fluorine in the construction of bioisosteric elements designed to enhance the in vitro and in vivo properties of a molecule are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Discovery Chemistry and Molecular Technologies Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development P.O. Box 4000, Princeton , New Jersey 08543-4000 , United States
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82
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Swardfager W, Hennebelle M, Yu D, Hammock BD, Levitt AJ, Hashimoto K, Taha AY. Metabolic/inflammatory/vascular comorbidity in psychiatric disorders; soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) as a possible new target. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 87:56-66. [PMID: 29407524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The common and severe psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), are associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and changes in peripheral and brain lipid metabolism. Those pathways are implicated in the premature development of vascular and metabolic comorbidities, which account for considerable morbidity and mortality, including increased dementia risk. During endoplasmic reticulum stress, the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme converts anti-inflammatory fatty acid epoxides generated by cytochrome p450 enzymes into their corresponding and generally less anti-inflammatory, or even pro-inflammatory, diols, slowing the resolution of inflammation. The sEH enzyme and its oxylipin products are elevated post-mortem in MDD, BD and schizophrenia. Preliminary clinical data suggest that oxylipins increase with symptoms in seasonal MDD and anorexia nervosa, requiring confirmation in larger studies and other cohorts. In rats, a soluble sEH inhibitor mitigated the development of depressive-like behaviors. We discuss sEH inhibitors under development for cardiovascular diseases, post-ischemic brain injury, neuropathic pain and diabetes, suggesting new possibilities to address the mood and cognitive symptoms of psychiatric disorders, and their most common comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada.
| | - M Hennebelle
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - D Yu
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center UCDMC, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A J Levitt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - A Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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83
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Harris TR, Butov G, Hammock BD. Effects of adamantane alterations on soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition potency, physical properties and metabolic stability. Bioorg Chem 2017; 76:510-527. [PMID: 29310082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adamantyl groups are widely used in medicinal chemistry. However, metabolism limits their usage. Herein, we report the first systematic study of adamantyl ureas and diureas bearing substituents in bridgehead positions of adamantane and/or spacers between urea groups and adamantane group, and tested their effects on soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor potency and metabolic stability. Interestingly, the effect on activity against human and murine sEH varied in opposite ways with each new methyl group introduced into the molecule. Compounds with three methyl substituents in adamantane were very poor inhibitors of murine sEH while still very potent against human sEH. In addition, diureas with terminal groups bigger than sEH catalytic tunnel diameter were still good inhibitors suggesting that the active site of sEH opens to capture the substrate or inhibitor molecule. The introduction of one methyl group leads to 4-fold increase in potency without noticeable loss of metabolic stability compared to the unsubstituted adamantane. However, introduction of two or three methyl groups leads to 8-fold and 98-fold decrease in stability in human liver microsomes for the corresponding compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Todd R Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gennady Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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84
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Guo Y, Luo F, Zhang X, Chen J, Shen L, Zhu Y, Xu D. TPPU enhanced exercise-induced epoxyeicosatrienoic acid concentrations to exert cardioprotection in mice after myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1489-1500. [PMID: 29265525 PMCID: PMC5824362 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) is a safe and efficacious therapeutic approach for myocardial infarction (MI). Given the numerous benefits of exercise, exercise-induced mediators may be promising treatment targets for MI. C57BL/6 mice were fed 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidine-4-yl) urea (TPPU), a novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHI), to increase epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) levels, for 1 week before undergoing MI surgery. After 1-week recovery, the mice followed a prescribed exercise programme. Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were isolated from the mice after 4 weeks of exercise and cultured for 7 days. Angiogenesis around the ischaemic area, EPC functions, and the expression of microRNA-126 (miR-126) and its target gene Spred1 were measured. The results were confirmed in vitro by adding TPPU to EPC culture medium. ET significantly increased serum EET levels and promoted angiogenesis after MI. TPPU enhanced the effects of ET to reduce the infarct area and improve cardiac function after MI. ET increased EPC function and miR-126 expression, which were further enhanced by TPPU, while Spred1 expression was significantly down-regulated. Additionally, the protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (AKT/GSK3β) signalling pathway was activated after the administration of TPPU. EETs are a potential mediator of exercise-induced cardioprotection in mice after MI. TPPU enhances exercise-induced cardiac recovery in mice after MI by increasing EET levels and promoting angiogenesis around the ischaemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xv Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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85
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Wagner KM, McReynolds CB, Schmidt WK, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase as a therapeutic target for pain, inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 180:62-76. [PMID: 28642117 PMCID: PMC5677555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are biologically active lipid signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. Many of the actions of eicosanoid metabolites formed by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes have been characterized, however, the epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs) formed by cytochrome P450 enzymes are newly described by comparison. The EpFA metabolites modulate a diverse set of physiologic functions that include inflammation and nociception among others. Regulation of EpFAs occurs primarily via release, biosynthesis and enzymatic transformation by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Targeting sEH with small molecule inhibitors has enabled observation of the biological activity of the EpFAs in vivo in animal models, greatly contributing to the overall understanding of their role in the inflammatory response. Their role in modulating inflammation has been demonstrated in disease models including cardiovascular pathology and inflammatory pain, but extends to neuroinflammation and neuroinflammatory disease. Moreover, while EpFAs demonstrate activity against inflammatory pain, interestingly, this action extends to blocking chronic neuropathic pain as well. This review outlines the role of modulating sEH and the biological action of EpFAs in models of pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Cindy B McReynolds
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | | | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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86
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Guedes AGP, Aristizabal F, Sole A, Adedeji A, Brosnan R, Knych H, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Pharmacokinetics and antinociceptive effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor t-TUCB in horses with experimentally induced radiocarpal synovitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:230-238. [PMID: 29067696 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the pharmacokinetics, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor t-TUCB (trans-4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy}-benzoic acid) in horses with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced radiocarpal synovitis. A total of seven adult healthy mares (n = 4-6/treatment) were administered 3 μg LPS into one radiocarpal joint and t-TUCB intravenously (i.v.) at 0 (control), 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg in a blinded, randomized, crossover design with at least 3 weeks washout between. Two investigators independently assigned pain scores (at rest, walk and trot) and lameness scores before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Responses to touching the joint skin to assess tactile allodynia, plasma, and synovial fluid (SF) t-TUCB concentrations were determined before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Blood and SF were collected for clinical laboratory evaluations before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Areas under the curves of pain and lameness scores were calculated and compared between control and treatments. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Dunnett or Bonferroni post-test. p < .05 was considered significant. Data are mean ± SEM. Compared to control, pain, lameness, and tactile allodynia were significantly lower with 1 mg/kg t-TUCB, but not the other doses. For 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg t-TUCB treatments, plasma terminal half-lives were 13 ± 3, 13 ± 0.5, and 24 ± 5 hr, and clearances were 68 ± 15, 48 ± 5, and 14 ± 1 ml hr-1 kg-1 . The 1 mg/kg t-TUCB reached the SF at high concentrations. There were no important anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, sEH inhibition with t-TUCB may provide analgesia in horses with inflammatory joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G P Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - F Aristizabal
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Sole
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Adedeji
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - R Brosnan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - H Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - S-H Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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87
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Richter L. Topliss Batchwise Schemes Reviewed in the Era of Open Data Reveal Significant Differences between Enzymes and Membrane Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:2575-2583. [PMID: 28934851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 1977, John G. Topliss introduced the Topliss Batchwise Scheme, a straightforward nonmathematical procedure to assist medicinal chemists in optimizing the substitution pattern of a phenyl ring. Despite its long period of application, a thorough validation of this method has been missing so far. Here, we address this issue by gathering 129 congeneric series from the ChEMBL database, suitable to retrospectively assess the approach. Frequency analysis of Topliss' schemes showed that the π, Es, σ, and -σ scheme occurred in 17, 20, 6, and 4 congeneric series, respectively. We observed a significant difference of π scheme frequency in enzymes versus membrane receptors, with 12 versus only 2 occurrences. Validation of Topliss schemes in potency optimization showed a remarkable performance increase after restricting the data set to analogue series tested solely against enzymes. In this setting, the Es and the π scheme were successful in 50% and 56% of the analogue series, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Richter
- Pharmacoinformatics Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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88
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Butov GM, Burmistrov VV, Danilov DV. Synthesis and properties of 1-(R-adamant-1-yl)-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)ureas and 4-({4-[3-(R-adamant-1-yl)ureido]cyclohexyl}oxy)benzoic acids, efficient target-oriented human soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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89
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Hasegawa E, Inafuku S, Mulki L, Okunuki Y, Yanai R, Smith KE, Kim CB, Klokman G, Bielenberg DR, Puli N, Falck JR, Husain D, Miller JW, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Lee KSS, Hammock BD, Schunck WH, Connor KM. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase lipid metabolites are significant second messengers in the resolution of choroidal neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E7545-E7553. [PMID: 28827330 PMCID: PMC5594641 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620898114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness for individuals age 50 and above in the developed world. Abnormal growth of choroidal blood vessels, or choroidal neovascularization (CNV), is a hallmark of the neovascular (wet) form of advanced AMD and leads to significant vision loss. A growing body of evidence supports a strong link between neovascular disease and inflammation. Metabolites of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from the cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase pathway serve as vital second messengers that regulate a number of hormones and growth factors involved in inflammation and vascular function. Using transgenic mice with altered CYP lipid biosynthetic pathways in a mouse model of laser-induced CNV, we characterized the role of these lipid metabolites in regulating neovascular disease. We discovered that the CYP-derived lipid metabolites epoxydocosapentaenoic acids (EDPs) and epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EEQs) are vital in dampening CNV severity. Specifically, overexpression of the monooxygenase CYP2C8 or genetic ablation or inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme led to increased levels of EDP and EEQ with attenuated CNV development. In contrast, when we promoted the degradation of these CYP-derived metabolites by transgenic overexpression of sEH, the protective effect against CNV was lost. We found that these molecules work in part through their ability to regulate the expression of key leukocyte adhesion molecules, on both leukocytes and endothelial cells, thereby mediating leukocyte recruitment. These results suggest that CYP lipid signaling molecules and their regulators are potential therapeutic targets in neovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi Hasegawa
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Saori Inafuku
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Lama Mulki
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Yoko Okunuki
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ryoji Yanai
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Kaylee E Smith
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Clifford B Kim
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Garrett Klokman
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Narender Puli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Deeba Husain
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Joan W Miller
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
| | | | - Kip M Connor
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114;
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90
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Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery after chronic hypoperfusion in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7758. [PMID: 28798352 PMCID: PMC5552839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced cerebrovascular white matter lesions (WMLs) are closely associated with cognitive impairment and other neurological deficits. The mechanism of demyelination in response to hypoperfusion has not yet been fully clarified. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an endogenous key enzyme in the metabolic conversion and degradation of P450 eicosanoids called epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Inhibition of sEH has been suggested to represent a prototype "combination therapy" targeting multiple mechanisms of stroke injury with a single agent. However, its role in the pathological process after WMLs has not been clarified. The present study was to investigate the role of a potent sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), on multiple elements in white matter of mice brain after chronic hypoperfusion. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to induce WMLs. Administration of TPPU significantly inhibited microglia activation and inflammatory response, increased M2 polarization of microglial cells, enhanced oligodendrogenesis and differentiation of oligodendrocytes, promoted white matter integrity and remyelination following chronic hypoperfusion. Moreover, these cellular changes were translated into a remarkable functional restoration. The results suggest that sEH inhibition could exert multi-target protective effects and alleviate cognitive impairment after chronic hypoperfusion induced WMLs in mice.
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91
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Wang Z, Fang Y, Teague J, Wong H, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Rock DA, Wang Z. In Vitro Metabolism of Oprozomib, an Oral Proteasome Inhibitor: Role of Epoxide Hydrolases and Cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 45:712-720. [PMID: 28428366 PMCID: PMC5452678 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.075226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oprozomib is an oral proteasome inhibitor currently under investigation in patients with hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. Oprozomib elicits potent pharmacological actions by forming a covalent bond with the active site N-terminal threonine of the 20S proteasome. Oprozomib has a short half-life across preclinical species and in patients due to systemic clearance via metabolism. Potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) could alter the exposure of this potent therapeutic; therefore, a thorough investigation of pathways responsible for metabolism is required. In the present study, the major drug-metabolizing enzyme responsible for oprozomib metabolism was identified in vitro. A diol of oprozomib was found to be the predominant metabolite in human hepatocytes, which formed via direct epoxide hydrolysis. Using recombinant epoxide hydrolases (EHs) and selective EH inhibitors in liver microsomes, microsomal EH (mEH) but not soluble EH (sEH) was found to be responsible for oprozomib diol formation. Coincubation with 2-nonylsulfanyl-propionamide, a selective mEH inhibitor, resulted in a significant decrease in oprozomib disappearance (>80%) with concurrent complete blockage of diol formation in human hepatocytes. On the contrary, a selective sEH inhibitor did not affect oprozomib metabolism. Pretreatment of hepatocytes with the pan-cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole resulted in a modest reduction (∼20%) of oprozomib metabolism. These findings indicated that mEH plays a predominant role in oprozomib metabolism. Further studies may be warranted to determine whether drugs that are mEH inhibitors cause clinically significant DDIs with oprozomib. On the other hand, pharmacokinetics of oprozomib is unlikely to be affected by coadministered P450 and sEH inhibitors and/or inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhican Wang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Juli Teague
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Hansen Wong
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Dan A Rock
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
| | - Zhengping Wang
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism (Zhi.W., Y.F., D.A.R., Zhe.W.), and Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (H.W.), Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen Subsidiary, South San Francisco, California (J.T.); and Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (C.M., B.D.H.)
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92
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Goswami SK, Rand AA, Wan D, Yang J, Inceoglu B, Thomas M, Morisseau C, Yang GY, Hammock BD. Pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase or genetic deletion reduces diclofenac-induced gastric ulcers. Life Sci 2017; 180:114-122. [PMID: 28522175 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This research was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that gastric ulcers caused by the NSAID diclofenac sodium (DCF) can be prevented by the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor TPPU. MAIN METHODS Mice were administered a single dose of 10, 30 or 100mg/kg of DCF. Once an ulcerative dose of DCF was chosen, mice were pretreated with TPPU for 7days at 0.1mg/kg to evaluate anti-ulcer effects of the sEH inhibitor on anatomy, histopathology, pH, inflammatory markers and epithelial apoptosis of stomachs. KEY FINDINGS Diclofenac caused ulceration of the stomach at a dose of 100mg/kg and a time post dose of 6h. Ulcers generated under these conditions were associated with a significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum and increased apoptosis compared to control mice. Pretreatment with TPPU resulted in a decrease of ulceration in mice treated with DCF with a significant decrease in the level of apoptosis, TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum in comparison to diclofenac-treated mice. TPPU did not affect the pH of the stomach, whereas omeprazole elevated the pH of the stomach as expected. A similar anti-ulcer effect was observed in sEH gene knockout mice treated with DCF. SIGNIFICANCE The sEH inhibitor TPPU decreases the NSAID-induced stomach ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Amelia Ann Rand
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Melany Thomas
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Guang-Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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93
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Kitamura S, Morisseau C, Harris TR, Inceoglu B, Hammock BD. Occurrence of urea-based soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors from the plants in the order Brassicales. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176571. [PMID: 28472063 PMCID: PMC5417501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, dibenzylurea-based potent soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors were identified in Pentadiplandra brazzeana, a plant in the order Brassicales. In an effort to generalize the concept, we hypothesized that plants that produce benzyl glucosinolates and corresponding isothiocyanates also produce these dibenzylurea derivatives. Our overall aim here was to examine the occurrence of urea derivatives in Brassicales, hoping to find biologically active urea derivatives from plants. First, plants in the order Brassicales were analyzed for the presence of 1, 3-dibenzylurea (compound 1), showing that three additional plants in the order Brassicales produce the urea derivatives. Based on the hypothesis, three dibenzylurea derivatives with sEH inhibitory activity were isolated from maca (Lepidium meyenii) roots. Topical application of one of the identified compounds (compound 3, human sEH IC50 = 222 nM) effectively reduced pain in rat inflammatory pain model, and this compound was bioavailable after oral administration in mice. The biosynthetic pathway of these urea derivatives was investigated using papaya (Carica papaya) seed as a model system. Finally, a small collection of plants from the Brassicales order was grown, collected, extracted and screened for sEH inhibitory activity. Results show that several plants of the Brassicales order could be potential sources of urea-based sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Kitamura
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Todd R. Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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94
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Trindade-da-Silva CA, Bettaieb A, Napimoga MH, Lee KSS, Inceoglu B, Ueira-Vieira C, Bruun D, Goswami SK, Haj FG, Hammock BD. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Pharmacological Inhibition Decreases Alveolar Bone Loss by Modulating Host Inflammatory Response, RANK-Related Signaling, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:408-416. [PMID: 28356494 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.238113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), metabolites of arachidonic acid derived from the cytochrome P450 enzymes, are mainly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to their corresponding diols. EETs but not their diols, have anti-inflammatory properties, and inhibition of sEH might provide protective effects against inflammatory bone loss. Thus, in the present study, we tested the selective sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), in a mouse model of periodontitis induced by infection with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Oral treatment of wild-type mice with TPPU and sEH knockout (KO) animals showed reduced bone loss induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans This was associated with decreased expression of key osteoclastogenic molecules, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB/RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin, and the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in the gingival tissue without affecting bacterial counts. In addition, downstream kinases p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase known to be activated in response to inflammatory signals were abrogated after TPPU treatment or in sEH KO mice. Moreover, endoplasmic reticulum stress was elevated in periodontal disease but was abrogated after TPPU treatment and in sEH knockout mice. Together, these results demonstrated that sEH pharmacological inhibition may be of therapeutic value in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Antonio Trindade-da-Silva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Carlos Ueira-Vieira
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Donald Bruun
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and University of California, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.A.T.-S., K.S.S.L., B.I., S.K.G., B.D.H.), Nutrition Department (F.G.H.), and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (D.B.), University of California, Davis, California; Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil (C.A.T.-d.-S., C.U.-V.); Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil (M.H.N.); and Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee (A.B.)
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95
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Wagner K, Gilda J, Yang J, Wan D, Morisseau C, Gomes AV, Hammock BD. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition alleviates neuropathy in Akita (Ins2 Akita) mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:69-76. [PMID: 28259677 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a regulatory enzyme responsible for the metabolism of bioactive lipid epoxides of both omega-6 and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. These natural epoxides mediate cell signaling in several physiological functions including blocking inflammation, high blood pressure and both inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Inhibition of the sEH maintains the level of endogenous bioactive epoxy-fatty acids (EpFA) and allows them to exert their generally beneficial effects. The Akita (Ins2Akita or Ins2C96Y) mice represent a maturity-onset of diabetes of the young (MODY) model in lean, functionally unimpaired animals, with a sexually dimorphic disease phenotype. This allowed for a test of male and female mice in a battery of functional and nociceptive assays to probe the role of sEH in this system. The results demonstrate that inhibiting the sEH is analgesic in diabetic neuropathy and this occurs in a sexually dimorphic manner. Interestingly, sEH activity is also sexually dimorphic in the Akita model, and moreover correlates with disease status particularly in the hearts of male mice. In addition, in vivo levels of oxidized lipid metabolites also correlate with increased sEH expression and the pathogenesis of disease in this model. Thus, sEH is a target to effectively block diabetic neuropathic pain but also demonstrates a potential role in mitigating the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jennifer Gilda
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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96
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Zhang Y, Hong G, Lee KSS, Hammock BD, Gebremedhin D, Harder DR, Koehler RC, Sapirstein A. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase augments astrocyte release of vascular endothelial growth factor and neuronal recovery after oxygen-glucose deprivation. J Neurochem 2017; 140:814-825. [PMID: 28002622 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are synthesized in astrocytes, and inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which hydrolyzes EETs, reduce infarct volume in ischemic stroke. Astrocytes can release protective neurotrophic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We found that addition of sEH inhibitors to rat cultured astrocytes immediately after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) markedly increased VEGF concentration in the medium 48 h later and the effect was blocked by an EET antagonist. The sEH inhibitors increased EET concentrations to levels capable of increasing VEGF. When the sEH inhibitors were removed from the medium at 48 h, the increase in VEGF persisted for an additional 48 h. Neurons exposed to OGD and subsequently to astrocyte medium previously conditioned with OGD plus sEH inhibitors showed increased phosphorylation of their VEGF receptor-2, less TUNEL staining, and increased phosphorylation of Akt, which was blocked by a VEGF receptor-2 antagonist. Our findings indicate that sEH inhibitors, applied to cultured astrocytes after an ischemia-like insult, can increase VEGF secretion. The released VEGF then enhances Akt-enabled cell survival signaling in neurons through activation of VEGF receptor-2 leading to less neuronal cell death. These results suggest a new strategy by which astrocytes can be leveraged to support neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gina Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Debebe Gebremedhin
- Department of Physiology and the Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - David R Harder
- Department of Physiology and the Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adam Sapirstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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97
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Meirer K, Glatzel D, Kretschmer S, Wittmann SK, Hartmann M, Blöcher R, Angioni C, Geisslinger G, Steinhilber D, Hofmann B, Fürst R, Proschak E. Design, Synthesis and Cellular Characterization of a Dual Inhibitor of 5-Lipoxygenase and Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase. Molecules 2016; 22:molecules22010045. [PMID: 28036068 PMCID: PMC6155600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The arachidonic acid cascade is a key player in inflammation, and numerous well-established drugs interfere with this pathway. Previous studies have suggested that simultaneous inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) results in synergistic anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, a novel prototype of a dual 5-LO/sEH inhibitor KM55 was rationally designed and synthesized. KM55 was evaluated in enzyme activity assays with recombinant enzymes. Furthermore, activity of KM55 in human whole blood and endothelial cells was investigated. KM55 potently inhibited both enzymes in vitro and attenuated the formation of leukotrienes in human whole blood. KM55 was also tested in a cell function-based assay. The compound significantly inhibited the LPS-induced adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells by blocking leukocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Meirer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Daniel Glatzel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Simon Kretschmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sandra K Wittmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Markus Hartmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - René Blöcher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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98
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Karami L, Saboury AA, Rezaee E, Tabatabai SA. Investigation of the binding mode of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivatives as amide-based inhibitors for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) by molecular docking and MM-GBSA. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 46:445-459. [PMID: 27928588 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme plays an important role in the metabolism of endogenous chemical mediators involved in the regulation of blood pressure and inflammation. Inhibition of sEH provides a new approach to the treatment of inflammation, hypertension and atherosclerosis. In this study, the binding modes and inhibition mechanisms of the new oxadiazole-based amide inhibitors of the human soluble epoxide hydrolase were investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation followed by the MM-GBSA method to calculate the binding free energy of each inhibitor to sEH. The results obtained from the binding free energy (ΔG binding) calculation and normal mode analysis indicate that the major favorable contributors are the van der Waals and electrostatic terms, whereas the polar solvation term opposes binding. In addition, a good agreement between the calculated ΔG binding and the experimental IC50 was obtained [correlation coefficient, r 2 = 0.89 (with) and 0.87 (without) entropy]. Besides, comparison of the enthalpy changes (ΔG MM-GBSA) with entropy changes (-TΔS) indicates that binding process of all inhibitors to sEH is enthalpy-driven. Based on the ΔG binding on per residue decomposition, Asp335 and Tyr383 residues from the active site and Trp336, Leu499 and His524 residues from hydrophobic pockets contribute the most to ΔG binding. Moreover, hydrogen bond analysis reveals that Tyr383, Tyr466 and Asp335 residues have an important role in the binding to inhibitors by forming hydrogen bonds with high occupancies. Our obtained results are useful for the understanding of the sEH-inhibitor interactions and may have great importance in the design of future sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Karami
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Rezaee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Abbas Tabatabai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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99
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Supp DM, Hahn JM, McFarland KL, Combs KA, Lee KSS, Inceoglu B, Wan D, Boyce ST, Hammock BD. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition and Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Treatment Improve Vascularization of Engineered Skin Substitutes. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2016; 4:e1151. [PMID: 28293507 PMCID: PMC5222652 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous engineered skin substitutes comprised of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and biopolymers can serve as an adjunctive treatment for excised burns. However, engineered skin lacks a vascular plexus at the time of grafting, leading to slower vascularization and reduced rates of engraftment compared with autograft. Hypothetically, vascularization of engineered skin grafts can be improved by treatment with proangiogenic agents at the time of grafting. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid that are inactivated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). EETs have multiple biological activities and have been shown to promote angiogenesis. Inhibitors of sEH (sEHIs) represent attractive therapeutic agents because they increase endogenous EET levels. We investigated sEHI administration, alone or combined with EET treatment, for improved vascularization of engineered skin after grafting to mice. METHODS Engineered skin substitutes, prepared using primary human fibroblasts and keratinocytes, were grafted to full-thickness surgical wounds in immunodeficient mice. Mice were treated with the sEHI 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), which was administered in drinking water throughout the study period, with or without topical EET treatment, and were compared with vehicle-treated controls. Vascularization was quantified by image analysis of CD31-positive areas in tissue sections. RESULTS At 2 weeks after grafting, significantly increased vascularization was observed in the TPPU and TPPU + EET groups compared with controls, with no evidence of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that sEH inhibition can increase vascularization of engineered skin grafts after transplantation, which may contribute to enhanced engraftment and improved treatment of full-thickness wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy M. Supp
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Jennifer M. Hahn
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Kevin L. McFarland
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Kelly A. Combs
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Debin Wan
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Steven T. Boyce
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospitals for Children – Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; and Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, Calif
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Wagner K, Lee KSS, Yang J, Hammock BD. Epoxy fatty acids mediate analgesia in murine diabetic neuropathy. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:456-465. [PMID: 27634339 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition with no adequate therapy. The health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids are established, however, the role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in limiting pain has only recently been described and the mechanisms of this action remain unknown. DHA is metabolized into epoxydocosapentanoic acids (EDPs) via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes which are substrates for the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme. Here, we tested several hypotheses; first, that the antinociceptive action of DHA is mediated by the EDPs. Second, based on evidence that DHA and CYP450 metabolites elicit analgesia through opioid signalling, we investigated this as a possible mechanism of action. Third, we tested whether the analgesia mediated by epoxy fatty acids had similar rewarding effects as opioid analgesics. METHODS We tested diabetic neuropathic wild-type and sEH null mice in a conditioned place preference assay for their response to EDPs, sEHI and antagonism of these treatments with naloxone, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist. RESULTS The EDPs and sEH inhibitors were efficacious against chronic pain, and naloxone antagonized the action of both EDPs and sEH inhibitors. Despite this antagonism, the sEH inhibitors lacked reward side effects differing from opioids. CONCLUSIONS The EpFA are analgesic against chronic pain differing from opioids which have limited efficacy in chronic conditions. SIGNIFICANCE EDPs and sEHI mediate analgesia in modelled chronic pain and this analgesia is blocked by naloxone. However, unlike opioids, sEHI are highly effective in neuropathic pain models and importantly lack rewarding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wagner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - K S S Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, USA
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