99951
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Patel JC, Sherpa AD, Melani R, Witkovsky P, Wiseman MR, O'Neill B, Aoki C, Tritsch NX, Rice ME. GABA co-released from striatal dopamine axons dampens phasic dopamine release through autoregulatory GABA A receptors. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113834. [PMID: 38431842 PMCID: PMC11089423 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Striatal dopamine axons co-release dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), using GABA provided by uptake via GABA transporter-1 (GAT1). Functions of GABA co-release are poorly understood. We asked whether co-released GABA autoinhibits dopamine release via axonal GABA type A receptors (GABAARs), complementing established inhibition by dopamine acting at axonal D2 autoreceptors. We show that dopamine axons express α3-GABAAR subunits in mouse striatum. Enhanced dopamine release evoked by single-pulse optical stimulation in striatal slices with GABAAR antagonism confirms that an endogenous GABA tone limits dopamine release. Strikingly, an additional inhibitory component is seen when multiple pulses are used to mimic phasic axonal activity, revealing the role of GABAAR-mediated autoinhibition of dopamine release. This autoregulation is lost in conditional GAT1-knockout mice lacking GABA co-release. Given the faster kinetics of ionotropic GABAARs than G-protein-coupled D2 autoreceptors, our data reveal a mechanism whereby co-released GABA acts as a first responder to dampen phasic-to-tonic dopamine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti C Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Ang D Sherpa
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Riccardo Melani
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Paul Witkovsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Madeline R Wiseman
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Brian O'Neill
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Chiye Aoki
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Margaret E Rice
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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99952
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Childs JE, Morabito S, Das S, Santelli C, Pham V, Kusche K, Vera VA, Reese F, Campbell RR, Matheos DP, Swarup V, Wood MA. Relapse to cocaine seeking is regulated by medial habenula NR4A2/NURR1 in mice. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113956. [PMID: 38489267 PMCID: PMC11100346 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Drugs of abuse can persistently change the reward circuit in ways that contribute to relapse behavior, partly via mechanisms that regulate chromatin structure and function. Nuclear orphan receptor subfamily4 groupA member2 (NR4A2, also known as NURR1) is an important effector of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-dependent mechanisms in persistent memory processes and is highly expressed in the medial habenula (MHb), a region that regulates nicotine-associated behaviors. Here, expressing the Nr4a2 dominant negative (Nurr2c) in the MHb blocks reinstatement of cocaine seeking in mice. We use single-nucleus transcriptomics to characterize the molecular cascade following Nr4a2 manipulation, revealing changes in transcriptional networks related to addiction, neuroplasticity, and GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling. The network controlled by NR4A2 is characterized using a transcription factor regulatory network inference algorithm. These results identify the MHb as a pivotal regulator of relapse behavior and demonstrate the importance of NR4A2 as a key mechanism driving the MHb component of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Childs
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Samuel Morabito
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Mathematical, Computational, and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sudeshna Das
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Caterina Santelli
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Victoria Pham
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kelly Kusche
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Vanessa Alizo Vera
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Fairlie Reese
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Rianne R Campbell
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dina P Matheos
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Marcelo A Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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99953
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Zhang H, Shao C, Wang J, Chu Y, Xiao J, Kang Y, Zhang Z. Combined Study of Gene Expression and Chromosome Three-Dimensional Structure in Escherichia coli During Growth Process. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:122. [PMID: 38530471 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03640-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The chromosome structure of different bacteria has its unique organization pattern, which plays an important role in maintaining the spatial location relationship between genes and regulating gene expression. Conversely, transcription also plays a global role in regulating the three-dimensional structure of bacterial chromosomes. Therefore, we combine RNA-Seq and Hi-C technology to explore the relationship between chromosome structure changes and transcriptional regulation in E. coli at different growth stages. Transcriptome analysis indicates that E. coli synthesizes many ribosomes and peptidoglycan in the exponential phase. In contrast, E. coli undergoes more transcriptional regulation and catabolism during the stationary phase, reflecting its adaptability to changes in environmental conditions during growth. Analyzing the Hi-C data shows that E. coli has a higher frequency of global chromosomal interaction in the exponential phase and more defined chromosomal interaction domains (CIDs). Still, the long-distance interactions at the replication termination region are lower than in the stationary phase. Combining transcriptome and Hi-C data analysis, we conclude that highly expressed genes are more likely to be distributed in CID boundary regions during the exponential phase. At the same time, most high-expression genes distributed in the CID boundary regions are ribosomal gene clusters, forming clearer CID boundaries during the exponential phase. The three-dimensional structure of chromosome and expression pattern is altered during the growth of E. coli from the exponential phase to the stationary phase, clarifying the synergy between the two regulatory aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changjun Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jingfa Xiao
- National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhewen Zhang
- National Genomics Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
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99954
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Picard C, Miron J, Poirier J. Association of TMEM106B with Cortical APOE Gene Expression in Neurodegenerative Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:416. [PMID: 38674351 PMCID: PMC11049136 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The e4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, how APOE is regulated is still elusive. In a trans-eQTL analysis, we found a genome-wide significant association between transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) genetic variants and cortical APOE mRNA levels in human brains. The goal of this study is to determine whether TMEM106B is mis-regulated in Alzheimer's disease or in other neurodegenerative conditions. Available genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data from human brains were downloaded from the Mayo Clinic Brain Bank and the Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project. An in-house mouse model of the hippocampal deafferentation/reinnervation was achieved via a stereotaxic lesioning surgery to the entorhinal cortex, and mRNA levels were measured using RNAseq technology. In human temporal cortices, the mean TMEM106B expression was significantly higher in Alzheimer's disease compared to cognitively unimpaired individuals. In the mouse model, hippocampal Tmem106b reached maximum levels during the early phase of reinnervation. These results suggest an active response to tissue damage that is consistent with compensatory synaptic and terminal remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Picard
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; (C.P.); (J.M.)
- Centre for the Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Justin Miron
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; (C.P.); (J.M.)
- Centre for the Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E7, Canada
| | - Judes Poirier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; (C.P.); (J.M.)
- Centre for the Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E7, Canada
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99955
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Westover KR, Jin P, Yao B. Bridging the gap: R-loop mediated genomic instability and its implications in neurological diseases. Epigenomics 2024; 16:589-608. [PMID: 38530068 PMCID: PMC11160457 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
R-loops, intricate three-stranded structures formed by RNA-DNA hybrids and an exposed non-template DNA strand, are fundamental to various biological phenomena. They carry out essential and contrasting functions within cellular mechanisms, underlining their critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. The specific cellular context that dictates R-loop formation determines their function, particularly emphasizing the necessity for their meticulous genomic regulation. Notably, the aberrant formation or misregulation of R-loops is implicated in numerous neurological disorders. This review focuses on the complex interactions between R-loops and double-strand DNA breaks, exploring how R-loop dysregulation potentially contributes to the pathogenesis of various brain disorders, which could provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underpinning neurological disease progression and identify potential therapeutic targets by highlighting these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Westover
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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99956
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Xu B, Kang B, Li S, Fan S, Zhou J. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02351-0. [PMID: 38530620 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cancer has yet to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cancer. METHODS We searched the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases up to July 15, 2023, to identify eligible randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that lasted at least ≥24 weeks. The primary outcome was the overall cancer incidence, and the secondary outcomes were the incidences of various types of cancer. We used the Mantel-Haenszel method, fixed effects model, risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to analyze dichotomous variables. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the SGLT2 inhibitor type, baseline conditions, and follow-up duration. All meta-analyses were performed using RevMan5.4.1 and Stata MP 16.0. RESULTS A total of 58 publications (59 trials) were included, comprising 113,909 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease and/or high cardiovascular risk and/or heart failure (SGLT2 inhibitor group, 63864; placebo group, 50045). Compared to the placebo SGLT2 inhibitors did not significantly increase the overall incidence of cancer (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.94-1.08; p = 0.82). However, ertugliflozin did significantly increase the overall incidence of cancer (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01-1.64; p = 0.04). SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risks of bladder or breast cancer. However, dapagliflozin did significantly reduce the risk of bladder cancer by 47% (RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.35-0.81; p = 0.003). SGLT2 inhibitors had no significant effect on the risks of gastrointestinal, thyroid, skin, respiratory, prostate, uterine/endometrial, hepatic and pancreatic cancers. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of respiratory cancer by 26% (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.55-1.00; p = 0.05). SGLT2 inhibitors (particularly mediated by dapagliflozin and ertugliflozin but not statistically significant) were associated with a greater risk of renal cancer than the placebo (RR 1.39; 95% CI 1.04-1.87; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION SGLT2 inhibitors did not significantly increase the overall risk of cancer or the risks of bladder and breast cancers. However, the higher risk of renal cancer associated with SGLT2 inhibitors warrants concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - B Kang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - S Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Docimasiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - S Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - J Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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99957
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Her J, Zheng H, Bunting SF. RNF4 sustains Myc-driven tumorigenesis by facilitating DNA replication. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e167419. [PMID: 38530355 PMCID: PMC11093604 DOI: 10.1172/jci167419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian SUMO-targeted E3 ubiquitin ligase Rnf4 has been reported to act as a regulator of DNA repair, but the importance of RNF4 as a tumor suppressor has not been tested. Using a conditional-knockout mouse model, we deleted Rnf4 in the B cell lineage to test the importance of RNF4 for growth of somatic cells. Although Rnf4-conditional-knockout B cells exhibited substantial genomic instability, Rnf4 deletion caused no increase in tumor susceptibility. In contrast, Rnf4 deletion extended the healthy lifespan of mice expressing an oncogenic c-myc transgene. Rnf4 activity is essential for normal DNA replication, and in its absence, there was a failure in ATR-CHK1 signaling of replication stress. Factors that normally mediate replication fork stability, including members of the Fanconi anemia gene family and the helicases PIF1 and RECQL5, showed reduced accumulation at replication forks in the absence of RNF4. RNF4 deficiency also resulted in an accumulation of hyper-SUMOylated proteins in chromatin, including members of the SMC5/6 complex, which contributes to replication failure by a mechanism dependent on RAD51. These findings indicate that RNF4, which shows increased expression in multiple human tumor types, is a potential target for anticancer therapy, especially in tumors expressing c-myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyoung Her
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry and
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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99958
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Chen DG, Xie J, Choi J, Ng RH, Zhang R, Li S, Edmark R, Zheng H, Solomon B, Campbell KM, Medina E, Ribas A, Khatri P, Lanier LL, Mease PJ, Goldman JD, Su Y, Heath JR. Integrative systems biology reveals NKG2A-biased immune responses correlate with protection in infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113872. [PMID: 38427562 PMCID: PMC10995767 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection, autoimmunity, and cancer are principal human health challenges of the 21st century. Often regarded as distinct ends of the immunological spectrum, recent studies hint at potential overlap between these diseases. For example, inflammation can be pathogenic in infection and autoimmunity. T resident memory (TRM) cells can be beneficial in infection and cancer. However, these findings are limited by size and scope; exact immunological factors shared across diseases remain elusive. Here, we integrate large-scale deeply clinically and biologically phenotyped human cohorts of 526 patients with infection, 162 with lupus, and 11,180 with cancer. We identify an NKG2A+ immune bias as associative with protection against disease severity, mortality, and autoimmune/post-acute chronic disease. We reveal that NKG2A+ CD8+ T cells correlate with reduced inflammation and increased humoral immunity and that they resemble TRM cells. Our results suggest NKG2A+ biases as a cross-disease factor of protection, supporting suggestions of immunological overlap between infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Chen
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Rachel H Ng
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rongyu Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Li
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rick Edmark
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ben Solomon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Egmidio Medina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philip J Mease
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Providence St. Joseph Health, Renton, WA, USA
| | - Jason D Goldman
- Swedish Center for Research and Innovation, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Providence St. Joseph Health, Renton, WA, USA; Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yapeng Su
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James R Heath
- Institute of Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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99959
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Weheba A, Vertigan A, Abdelsayad A, Tarlo SM. Respiratory Diseases Associated With Wildfire Exposure in Outdoor Workers. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024:S2213-2198(24)00326-X. [PMID: 38548173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Wildfires, including forest fires, bushfires, and landscape fires, have become increasingly prevalent, fueled by climate change and environmental factors and posing significant challenges to both ecosystems and public health. This review article examines the relationship between wildfires and respiratory diseases in outdoor workers, with a main focus on airway disease. In addition to the expected effects of direct thermal respiratory injuries and possible carbon monoxide poisoning, there are associations between wildfires and upper and lower respiratory effects, including infections as well as exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A few studies have also shown an increased risk of new-onset asthma among wildfire firefighters. Outdoor workers are likely to have greater exposure to wildfire smoke with associated increased risks of adverse effects. As wildfires become increasingly prevalent globally, it is crucial to understand the various dimensions of this association. Furthermore, this review addresses preventive measures and potential interventions to alleviate the airway burden on individuals during and after work with wildfires events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Weheba
- Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne Vertigan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Speech Pathology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abeer Abdelsayad
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Respiratory Division, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan M Tarlo
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Respiratory Division, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana Department of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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99960
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Singh J, Khanna NN, Rout RK, Singh N, Laird JR, Singh IM, Kalra MK, Mantella LE, Johri AM, Isenovic ER, Fouda MM, Saba L, Fatemi M, Suri JS. GeneAI 3.0: powerful, novel, generalized hybrid and ensemble deep learning frameworks for miRNA species classification of stationary patterns from nucleotides. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7154. [PMID: 38531923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the intricate relationship between the small non-coding ribonucleic acid (miRNA) sequences, the classification of miRNA species, namely Human, Gorilla, Rat, and Mouse is challenging. Previous methods are not robust and accurate. In this study, we present AtheroPoint's GeneAI 3.0, a powerful, novel, and generalized method for extracting features from the fixed patterns of purines and pyrimidines in each miRNA sequence in ensemble paradigms in machine learning (EML) and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning (EDL) frameworks. GeneAI 3.0 utilized five conventional (Entropy, Dissimilarity, Energy, Homogeneity, and Contrast), and three contemporary (Shannon entropy, Hurst exponent, Fractal dimension) features, to generate a composite feature set from given miRNA sequences which were then passed into our ML and DL classification framework. A set of 11 new classifiers was designed consisting of 5 EML and 6 EDL for binary/multiclass classification. It was benchmarked against 9 solo ML (SML), 6 solo DL (SDL), 12 hybrid DL (HDL) models, resulting in a total of 11 + 27 = 38 models were designed. Four hypotheses were formulated and validated using explainable AI (XAI) as well as reliability/statistical tests. The order of the mean performance using accuracy (ACC)/area-under-the-curve (AUC) of the 24 DL classifiers was: EDL > HDL > SDL. The mean performance of EDL models with CNN layers was superior to that without CNN layers by 0.73%/0.92%. Mean performance of EML models was superior to SML models with improvements of ACC/AUC by 6.24%/6.46%. EDL models performed significantly better than EML models, with a mean increase in ACC/AUC of 7.09%/6.96%. The GeneAI 3.0 tool produced expected XAI feature plots, and the statistical tests showed significant p-values. Ensemble models with composite features are highly effective and generalized models for effectively classifying miRNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskaran Singh
- Department of Computer Science, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Narendra N Khanna
- Department of Cardiology, Indraprastha APOLLO Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet K Rout
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NIT Srinagar, Hazratbal, Srinagar, India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - John R Laird
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Adventist Health St. Helena, St Helena, CA, USA
| | - Inder M Singh
- Advanced Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mannudeep K Kalra
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Laura E Mantella
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Amer M Johri
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics and Radiobiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mostafa M Fouda
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, 83209, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Neurology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mostafa Fatemi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint LLC, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA.
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99961
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Mebrahtu A, Aniander G, Mega A, Moradi Barzadd M, Berndt Thalén N, Gudmundsdotter L, Backström Rydin E, Sandegren A, Frejd FY, Rockberg J. Co-culture platform for tuning of cancer receptor density allows for evaluation of bispecific immune cell engagers. N Biotechnol 2024; 79:120-126. [PMID: 38159596 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, where a patient's immune system is harnessed to eradicate cancer cells selectively, is a leading strategy for cancer treatment. However, successes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are hampered by reported systemic and organ-specific toxicities and by two-thirds of the patients being non-responders or subsequently acquiring resistance to approved ICIs. Hence substantial efforts are invested in discovering novel targeted immunotherapies aimed at reduced side-effects and improved potency. One way is utilizing the dual targeting feature of bispecific antibodies, which have made them increasingly popular for cancer immunotherapy. Easy and predictive screening methods for activation ranking of candidate drugs in tumor contra non-tumor environments are however lacking. Herein, we present a cell-based assay mimicking the tumor microenvironment by co-culturing B cells with engineered human embryonic kidney 293 T cells (HEK293T), presenting a controllable density of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ). A target density panel with three different surface protein levels on HEK293T cells was established by genetic constructs carrying regulatory elements limiting RNA translation of PDGFRβ. We employed a bispecific antibody-affibody construct called an AffiMab capable of binding PDGFRβ on cancer cells and CD40 expressed by B cells as a model. Specific activation of CD40-mediated signaling of immune cells was demonstrated with the two highest receptor-expressing cell lines, Level 2/3 and Level 4, while low-to-none in the low-expressing cell lines. The concept of receptor tuning and the presented co-culture protocol may be of general utility for assessing and developing novel bi-specific antibodies for immuno-oncology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Mebrahtu
- KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Dept. of Protein Science, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Aniander
- KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Dept. of Protein Science, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Mega
- Affibody Medical AB, Scheeles väg 2, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Mona Moradi Barzadd
- KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Dept. of Protein Science, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Berndt Thalén
- KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Dept. of Protein Science, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Anna Sandegren
- Affibody Medical AB, Scheeles väg 2, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Affibody Medical AB, Scheeles väg 2, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Johan Rockberg
- KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Health, Dept. of Protein Science, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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99962
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Li J, Zou Z, Su X, Xu P, Du H, Li Y, Li Z, Guo L, Lin N, Xu Y. Cistanche deserticola improves ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis mainly by regulating lipid metabolism: Insights from serum metabolomics using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117570. [PMID: 38110131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cistanche deserticola (C. deserticola) is an edible and traditional medicine widely used in China, which has been confirmed to be effective in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Despite its proven efficacy, the exact role of C. deserticola in bone metabolism and its underlying mechanism has remained unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this research, we employed an in vivo model utilizing ovariectomized (OVX) rats to characterize the anti-osteoporotic activity and metabolic mechanism of the ethanol extract of C. deserticola (CHE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups including sham operation group, model group, 0.1 g/kg estradiol valerate (EV) group as the positive control, low (0.6 g/kg) and high (1.2 g/kg) dosage CHE groups. Biochemical parameter analyses and histopathological experiments were conducted to assess the pharmacodynamic effects. Metabolomic analysis was conducted on serum samples to examine the metabolic profiles, identify potential biomarkers, and elucidate the metabolic pathways associated with CHE in OVX rats. RESULTS CHE treatment demonstrated significant anti-osteoporosis activity by regulating serum biochemical markers of bone turnover, improving cancellous bone structure, and reversing the decrease in bone mineral density. Furthermore, the clinical equivalent dose group (CHL) achieved superior overall outcomes. The main interventions of CHE on OVX rats involved the modulation of several key pathways, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, biotin metabolism, regulation of TRP channels by inflammatory mediators, primary bile acid biosynthesis, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, and bile secretion. 23 potential efficacy-related biomarkers within the metabolic network were identified. Among them, long-chain unsaturated fatty acids (eg. DHA and docosapentaenoic acid), steroid hormones, amino acids and carbohydrates were strongly correlated with bone resorption and formation markers. Additionally, it was observed four pathways (nucleotide, carbon, amino acid, and lipid metabolism) were implicated in the effects of CHE. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CHE improves bone loss in PMOP mainly through regulating lipid metabolism pathways, which provides an evidence base for CHE treatment of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashan Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Zhao Zou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Su
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Panyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Hanqian Du
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Zehui Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Li Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiao Road, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
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99963
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Fagunwa O, Davies K, Bradbury J. The Human Gut and Dietary Salt: The Bacteroides/ Prevotella Ratio as a Potential Marker of Sodium Intake and Beyond. Nutrients 2024; 16:942. [PMID: 38612976 PMCID: PMC11013828 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem that plays a pivotal role in maintaining host health. The perturbation of these microbes has been linked to several health conditions. Hence, they have emerged as promising targets for understanding and promoting good health. Despite the growing body of research on the role of sodium in health, its effects on the human gut microbiome remain under-explored. Here, using nutrition and metagenomics methods, we investigate the influence of dietary sodium intake and alterations of the human gut microbiota. We found that a high-sodium diet (HSD) altered the gut microbiota composition with a significant reduction in Bacteroides and inverse increase in Prevotella compared to a low-sodium diet (LSD). However, there is no clear distinction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio between the two diet types. Metabolic pathway reconstruction revealed the presence of sodium reabsorption genes in the HSD, but not LSD. Since it is currently difficult in microbiome studies to confidently associate the F/B ratio with what is considered healthy (e.g., low sodium) or unhealthy (e.g., high sodium), we suggest that the use of a genus-based ratio such as the Bacteroides/Prevotella (B/P) ratio may be more beneficial for the application of microbiome studies in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omololu Fagunwa
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Kirsty Davies
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK;
| | - Jane Bradbury
- School of Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk L39 4QP, UK;
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99964
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Maler MD, Zwick S, Kallfass C, Engelhard P, Shi H, Hellig L, Zhengyang P, Hardt A, Zissel G, Ruzsics Z, Jahnen-Dechent W, Martin SF, Nielsen PJ, Stolz D, Lopatecka J, Bastyans S, Beutler B, Schamel WW, Fejer G, Freudenberg MA. Type I Interferon, Induced by Adenovirus or Adenoviral Vector Infection, Regulates the Cytokine Response to Lipopolysaccharide in a Macrophage Type-Specific Manner. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:226-247. [PMID: 38527452 PMCID: PMC11023693 DOI: 10.1159/000538282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While TLR ligands derived from microbial flora and pathogens are important activators of the innate immune system, a variety of factors such as intracellular bacteria, viruses, and parasites can induce a state of hyperreactivity, causing a dysregulated and potentially life-threatening cytokine over-response upon TLR ligand exposure. Type I interferon (IFN-αβ) is a central mediator in the induction of hypersensitivity and is strongly expressed in splenic conventional dendritic cells (cDC) and marginal zone macrophages (MZM) when mice are infected with adenovirus. This study investigates the ability of adenoviral infection to influence the activation state of the immune system and underlines the importance of considering this state when planning the treatment of patients. METHODS Infection with adenovirus-based vectors (Ad) or pretreatment with recombinant IFN-β was used as a model to study hypersensitivity to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice, murine macrophages, and human blood samples. The TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-αβ, and IL-10 responses induced by LPS after pretreatment were measured. Mouse knockout models for MARCO, IFN-αβR, CD14, IRF3, and IRF7 were used to probe the mechanisms of the hypersensitive reaction. RESULTS We show that, similar to TNF-α and IL-6 but not IL-10, the induction of IFN-αβ by LPS increases strongly after Ad infection. This is true both in mice and in human blood samples ex vivo, suggesting that the regulatory mechanisms seen in the mouse are also present in humans. In mice, the scavenger receptor MARCO on IFN-αβ-producing cDC and splenic marginal zone macrophages is important for Ad uptake and subsequent cytokine overproduction by LPS. Interestingly, not all IFN-αβ-pretreated macrophage types exposed to LPS exhibit an enhanced TNF-α and IL-6 response. Pretreated alveolar macrophages and alveolar macrophage-like murine cell lines (MPI cells) show enhanced responses, while bone marrow-derived and peritoneal macrophages show a weaker response. This correlates with the respective absence or presence of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 response in these different macrophage types. In contrast, Ad or IFN-β pretreatment enhances the subsequent induction of IFN-αβ in all macrophage types. IRF3 is dispensable for the LPS-induced IFN-αβ overproduction in infected MPI cells and partly dispensable in infected mice, while IRF7 is required. The expression of the LPS co-receptor CD14 is important but not absolutely required for the elicitation of a TNF-α over-response to LPS in Ad-infected mice. CONCLUSION Viral infections or application of virus-based vaccines induces type I interferon and can tip the balance of the innate immune system in the direction of hyperreactivity to a subsequent exposure to TLR ligands. The adenoviral model presented here is one example of how multiple factors, both environmental and genetic, affect the physiological responses to pathogens. Being able to measure the current reactivity state of the immune system would have important benefits for infection-specific therapies and for the prevention of vaccination-elicited adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike D. Maler
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Zwick
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Kallfass
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peggy Engelhard
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hexin Shi
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laura Hellig
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pang Zhengyang
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annika Hardt
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Zissel
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zsolt Ruzsics
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan F. Martin
- Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Jess Nielsen
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Justyna Lopatecka
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Bastyans
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wolfgang W. Schamel
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - György Fejer
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marina Alexandra Freudenberg
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
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99965
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Bhasin BJ, Raymond JL, Goldman MS. Synaptic weight dynamics underlying systems consolidation of a memory. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.586036. [PMID: 38585936 PMCID: PMC10996481 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.586036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Systems consolidation is a common feature of learning and memory systems, in which a long-term memory initially stored in one brain region becomes persistently stored in another region. We studied the dynamics of systems consolidation in simple circuit architectures modeling core features of many memory systems: an early- and late-learning brain region and two sites of plasticity. We show that the synaptic dynamics of the circuit during consolidation of an analog memory can be understood as a temporal integration process, by which transient changes in activity driven by plasticity in the early-learning area are accumulated into persistent synaptic changes at the late-learning site. This simple principle leads to two constraints on the circuit operation for consolidation to be implemented successfully. First, the plasticity rule at the late-learning site must stably support a continuum of possible outputs for a given input. We show that this is readily achieved by heterosynaptic but not standard Hebbian rules, that it naturally leads to a speed-accuracy tradeoff in systems consolidation, and that it provides a concrete circuit instantiation for how systems consolidation solves the stability-plasticity dilemma. Second, to turn off the consolidation process and prevent erroneous changes at the late-learning site, neural activity in the early-learning area must be reset to its baseline activity. We propose two biologically plausible implementations for this reset that suggest novel roles for core elements of the cerebellar circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Bhasin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jennifer L Raymond
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Mark S Goldman
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Departments of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, and Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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99966
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Chaikaew S, Watanabe Y, Zheng D, Motojima F, Yamaguchi T, Asano Y. Structure-Based Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Cyanogenic Millipede, Oxidus gracilis for Hydrocyanation and Henry Reactions. Chembiochem 2024:e202400118. [PMID: 38526556 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL) from the cyanogenic millipede Oxidus gracillis (OgraHNL) is a crucial enzyme in the cyanogenesis pathway. Here, the crystal structures of OgraHNL complexed with sulfate, benzaldehyde (BA), (R)-mandelonitrile ((R)-Man), (R)-2-chloromandelonitrile ((R)-2-Cl-Man), and acetone cyanohydrin (ACN) were solved at 1.6, 1.7, 2.3, 2.1, and 2.0 Å resolutions, respectively. The structure of OgraHNL revealed that it belonged to the lipocalin superfamily. Based on this structure, positive variants were designed to further improve the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of the enzyme for asymmetric hydrocyanation and Henry reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Chaikaew
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Yukio Watanabe
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Daijun Zheng
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Fumihiro Motojima
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Takuya Yamaguchi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
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99967
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Béziat NS, Duperron S, Gros O. Environmental Transmission of Symbionts in the Mangrove Crabs Aratus pisonii and Minuca rapax: Acquisition of the Bacterial Community through Larval Development to Juvenile Stage. Microorganisms 2024; 12:652. [PMID: 38674597 PMCID: PMC11052079 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aratus pisonii and Minuca rapax are two brachyuran crabs living with bacterial ectosymbionts located on gill lamellae. One previous study has shown that several rod-shaped bacterial morphotypes are present and the community is dominated by Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidota. This study aims to identify the mode of transmission of the symbionts to the new host generations and to identify the bacterial community colonizing the gills of juveniles. We tested for the presence of bacteria using PCR with universal primers targeting the 16S rRNA encoding gene from gonads, eggs, and different larval stages either obtained in laboratory conditions or from the field. The presence of bacteria on juvenile gills was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and subsequently identified by metabarcoding analysis. Gonads, eggs, and larvae were negative to PCR tests, suggesting that bacteria are not present at these stages in significant densities. On the other hand, juveniles of both species display three rod-shaped bacterial morphotypes on gill lamellae, and sequencing revealed that the community is dominated by Bacteroidota and Alphaproteobacteria on A. pisonii juveniles, and by Alphaprotobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Acidimicrobia on M. rapax juveniles. Despite the fact that juveniles of both species co-occur in the same biotope, no shared bacterial phylotype was identified. However, some of the most abundant bacteria present in adults are also present in juveniles of the same species, suggesting that juvenile-associated communities resemble those of adults. Because some of these bacteria were also found in crab burrow water, we hypothesize that the bacterial community is established gradually during the life of the crab starting from the megalopa stage and involves epibiosis-competent bacteria that occur in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naëma Schanendra Béziat
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France;
- Caribaea Initiative, Université des Antilles, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Sébastien Duperron
- Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7245, CNRS, 57 Rue Cuvier (CP54), 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Olivier Gros
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France;
- C3MAG, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université des Antilles, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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99968
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Stanko P, Repova K, Baka T, Krajcirovicova K, Aziriova S, Barta A, Zorad S, Adamcova M, Simko F. Sacubitril/Valsartan Alleviates Cardiac Remodeling and Dysfunction in L-NAME-Induced Hypertension and Hypertensive Heart Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:733. [PMID: 38672089 PMCID: PMC11047969 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence on the benefit of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) in heart failure, yet data regarding the potential protective action of ARNIs in hypertensive heart disease are sparse. The aim of this study was to show whether an ARNI exerts a protective effect in a model of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension with a hypertensive heart and to compare this potential benefit with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril. Five groups of adult male Wistar rats were studied (14 per group) for four weeks: untreated controls; ARNI (68 mg/kg/day); L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day); L-NAME treated with ARNI; and L-NAME treated with captopril (100 mg/kg/day). L-NAME administration induced hypertension, accompanied by increased left ventricular (LV) weight and fibrotic rebuilding of the LV in terms of increased concentration and content of hydroxyproline in insoluble collagen and in total collagen and with a histological finding of fibrosis. These alterations were associated with a compromised systolic and diastolic LV function. Treatment with either an ARNI or captopril reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), alleviated LV hypertrophy and fibrosis, and prevented the development of both systolic and diastolic LV dysfunction. Moreover, the serum levels of prolactin and prolactin receptor were reduced significantly by ARNI and slightly by captopril. In conclusion, in L-NAME-induced hypertension, the dual inhibition of neprilysin and AT1 receptors by ARNI reduced SBP and prevented the development of LV hypertrophy, fibrosis, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction. These data suggest that ARNI could provide protection against LV structural remodeling and functional disorders in hypertensive heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stanko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Department of Pneumology, Phthisiology and Functional Diagnostics, Slovak Medical University and Bratislava University Hospital, 82606 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Repova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Kristina Krajcirovicova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Silvia Aziriova
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Andrej Barta
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Michaela Adamcova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Fedor Simko
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (P.S.); (K.R.); (T.B.); (K.K.); (S.A.)
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 83305 Bratislava, Slovakia
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99969
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Bailey-Downs LC, Sherlock LG, Crossley MN, Rivera Negron A, Pierce PT, Wang S, Zhong H, Carter C, Burge K, Eckert JV, Rogers LK, Vitiello PF, Tipple TE. Selenium Deficiency Exacerbates Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury in Newborn C3H/HeN Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:391. [PMID: 38671839 PMCID: PMC11047402 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extremely preterm infants are often treated with supraphysiological oxygen, which contributes to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). These same infants exhibit compromised antioxidant capacities due in part to selenium (Se) deficiency. Se is essential for basal and inducible antioxidant responses. The present study utilized a perinatal Se deficiency (SeD) mouse model to identify the combined effects of newborn hyperoxia exposure and SeD on alveolarization and antioxidant responses, including the identification of affected developmental pathways. Se-sufficient (SeS) and SeD C3H/HeN breeding pairs were generated, and pups were exposed to room air or 85% O2 from birth to 14 d. Survival, antioxidant protein expression, and RNA seq analyses were performed. Greater than 40% mortality was observed in hyperoxia-exposed SeD pups. Surviving SeD pups had greater lung growth deficits than hyperoxia-exposed SeS pups. Gpx2 and 4 protein and Gpx activity were significantly decreased in SeD pups. Nrf2-regulated proteins, Nqo1 and Gclc were increased in SeD pups exposed to hyperoxia. RNA seq revealed significant decreases in the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways. Se is a biologically relevant modulator of perinatal lung development and antioxidant responses, especially in the context of hyperoxia exposure. The RNA seq analyses suggest pathways essential for normal lung development are dysregulated by Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora C. Bailey-Downs
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Laura G. Sherlock
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Michaela N. Crossley
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Aristides Rivera Negron
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Paul T. Pierce
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Shirley Wang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Hua Zhong
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Cynthia Carter
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Kathryn Burge
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Jeffrey V. Eckert
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Lynette K. Rogers
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Peter F. Vitiello
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
| | - Trent E. Tipple
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.C.B.-D.); (S.W.); (H.Z.); (C.C.); (K.B.); (L.K.R.); (P.F.V.)
- Oklahoma Children’s Hospital OU Health, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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99970
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Kelson CO, Zaytseva YY. Altered lipid metabolism in APC-driven colorectal cancer: the potential for therapeutic intervention. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1343061. [PMID: 38590663 PMCID: PMC10999677 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1343061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Altered lipid metabolism is a well-recognized feature of solid cancers, including colorectal cancer. In colorectal cancer, upregulation of lipid metabolism contributes to initiation, progression, and metastasis; thus, aberrant lipid metabolism contributes to a poor patient outcome. The inactivating mutation of APC, a vital tumor suppressor in the Wnt signaling pathway, is a key event that occurs early in the majority of colorectal cancer cases. The potential crosstalk between lipid metabolism and APC-driven colorectal cancer is poorly understood. This review collectively highlights and summarizes the limited understanding between mutations in APC and the upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and lipid metabolism. The interconnection between APC inactivation and aberrant lipid metabolism activates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling which causes transcriptome, epigenetic, and microbiome changes to promote colorectal cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the downstream effects of this collaborative effort between aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and lipid metabolism are enhanced stemness, cellular proliferation, prooncogenic signaling, and survival. Understanding the mechanistic link between APC inactivation and alterations in lipid metabolism may foster identification of new therapeutic targets to enable development of more efficacious strategies for prevention and/or treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney O. Kelson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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99971
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Welhaven HD, Welfley AH, Brahmachary P, Bergstrom AR, Houske E, Glimm M, Bothner B, Hahn AK, June RK. Metabolomic Profiles and Pathways in Osteoarthritic Human Cartilage: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Cartilage. Metabolites 2024; 14:183. [PMID: 38668311 PMCID: PMC11051929 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with heterogenous metabolic pathology. To gain insight into OA-related metabolism, metabolite extracts from healthy (n = 11) and end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage (n = 35) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling. Specific metabolites and metabolic pathways, including lipid and amino acid pathways, were differentially regulated in osteoarthritis-derived and healthy cartilage. The detected alterations in amino acids and lipids highlighted key differences in bioenergetic resources, matrix homeostasis, and mitochondrial alterations in OA-derived cartilage compared to healthy cartilage. Moreover, the metabolomic profiles of osteoarthritic cartilage separated into four distinct endotypes, highlighting the heterogenous nature of OA metabolism and the diverse landscape within the joint in patients. The results of this study demonstrate that human cartilage has distinct metabolomic profiles in healthy and end-stage OA patients. By taking a comprehensive approach to assess metabolic differences between healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage and within osteoarthritic cartilage alone, several metabolic pathways with distinct regulation patterns were detected. Additional investigation may lead to the identification of metabolites that may serve as valuable indicators of disease status or potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope D. Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Avery H. Welfley
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Priyanka Brahmachary
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Annika R. Bergstrom
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - Eden Houske
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Matthew Glimm
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Alyssa K. Hahn
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Ronald K. June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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99972
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Luo Y, Wang K, Zhu L, Zhang N, Si H. StMAPKK5 Positively Regulates Response to Drought and Salt Stress in Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3662. [PMID: 38612475 PMCID: PMC11011605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MAPKKs, as one of the main members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway, are located in the middle of the cascade and are involved in many physiological processes of plant growth and development, as well as stress tolerance. Previous studies have found that StMAPKK5 is responsive to drought and salt stress. To further investigate the function and regulatory mechanism of StMAPKK5 in potato stress response, potato variety 'Atlantic' was subjected to drought and NaCl treatments, and the expression of the StMAPKK5 gene was detected by qRT-PCR. StMAPKK5 overexpression and RNA interference-mediated StMAPKK5 knockdown potato plants were constructed. The relative water content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of plant leaves, were also assayed under drought and NaCl stress. The StMAPKK5 interacting proteins were identified and validated by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). The results showed that the expression of StMAPKK5 was significantly up-regulated under drought and NaCl stress conditions. The StMAPKK5 protein was localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. The expression of StMAPKK5 affected the relative water content, the enzymatic activities of SOD, CAT, and POD, and the proline and MDA contents of potatoes under drought and salt stress conditions. These results suggest that StMAPKK5 plays a significant role in regulating drought and salt tolerance in potato crop. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening identified four interacting proteins: StMYB19, StZFP8, StPUB-like, and StSKIP19. BiFC confirmed the authenticity of the interactions. These findings suggest that StMAPKK5 is crucial for potato growth, development, and response to adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.L.); (K.W.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Kaitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.L.); (K.W.); (N.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.L.); (K.W.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.L.); (K.W.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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99973
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Xu Z, Sun Q, Miao Y, Li H, Wang B, Jin H, Zhu Z, Chen J. Ecosystem dynamics and hypoxia control in the East China Sea: A bottom-up and top-down perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170729. [PMID: 38325445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Decades of overfishing have greatly altered the community structure in the East China Sea (ECS). The decrease of top predators in the food web has weakened the control exerted from higher trophic levels. As a result, the biomass of benthic crustaceans, representing the third trophic level, has increased. This has probably led to a restriction of the second trophic level, diminishing its ability to control primary producer biomass. Consequently, the ecological pyramid of trophic levels in the ECS has been altered, reducing the top-down control on the first trophic level. This has made algal blooms more susceptible to occur under nutrient loads, temperate temperatures, and light availability. The reduced abundance of the fourth trophic levels has caused a larger portion of primary productivity to sink directly to the benthic community, bypassing the food web. This influx of sinking organic matter has resulted in organic enrichment in the bottom waters, impacting the biomass and diversity of benthic organisms. Furthermore, it has intensified anthropogenic carbon storage in the sediment. Subsequently, intense decomposition processes occur, leading to the development of anoxia and even hypoxia. The seasonal hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary can be attributed to the combined influence of top-down control and bottom-up control related to nutrient loading, and terrestrial inputs. In order to mitigate extreme hypoxia events, it is necessary to implement comprehensive fisheries policies that prioritize the maintenance of a healthy and functional ecosystem. This approach should go beyond relying solely on watershed management strategies to regulate riverine inputs. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Decades of overfishing changed the food web in the East China Sea and weaken the resistance of ecosystem to hypoxia. Commercial fishing on top predators decreases the fourth trophic level while relatively increases the third trophic represented by crab and shrimp, which enhances grazing on the zooplankton. The decrease of the second trophic level fails to control the biomass of phytoplankton, thus more primary productivities directly sink to the benthic community and cause organic enrichment. The elevated flux of organic matters to the bottom waters causes the thrive of the carbs and shrimps, as well as more remineralization processes and eventually low oxygen level. Unlike the bottom-up perspective of hypoxia mechanism off the Changjiang Estuary, which is from the nutrient load, phytoplankton bloom, quick sink, effective decomposition and eventually hypoxia, the top-down control focuses on the changes of ecosystem structure and thus derived hindered energy transfer, changed community structure, enhanced carbon sink, elevated remineralization and ultimately hypoxia. These two mechanisms combine with each other and control the seasonal hypoxia off the Changjiang Estuary and even other coastal regions around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Qianwen Sun
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Yanyi Miao
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Zuhao Zhu
- Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Beihai 536015, China.
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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99974
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Hu X, Wang LB, Jalaludin B, Knibbs LD, Yim SHL, Lao XQ, Morawska L, Nie Z, Zhou Y, Hu LW, Huang WZ, Ou Y, Dong GH, Dong H. Outdoor artificial light at night and incident cardiovascular disease in adults: A national cohort study across China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170685. [PMID: 38316298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) become a major public health concern. Evidence concerning the effects of outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) on CVD in adults is scarce. We aimed to investigate the extent to which outdoor ALAN could affect the risk of CVD over a exposure range. Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a population-based longitudinal study, launched in 2011-2012 and follow up till 2018, covering 28 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across mainland China. This study included 14,097 adults aged ≥45 years. Outdoor ALAN exposure (in nanowatts per centimeters squared per steradian) within 500 m of each participant's baseline residence was obtained from satellite image data. CVD was defined from medical diagnosis. The population was divided into three groups based on outdoor ALAN exposure from low to high. Cox regression model was used to estimate the association between outdoor ALAN exposure and incident CVD with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). The mean (SD) age of the cohort was 57.6 (9.1) years old and 49.3 % were males. Outdoor ALAN exposure of study participants ranged from 0.02 to 39.79 nW/cm2/sr. During 83,033 person-years of follow-up, 2190 (15.5 %) cases of CVD were identified. Both low (HR: 1.21; 95 % CI: 1.02-1.43) and high (HR: 1.23; 95 % CI: 1.04-1.46) levels of outdoor ALAN exposure group were associated with higher risk of CVD compared with intermediate levels of outdoor ALAN exposure group. Body mass index was a significant effect modifier in the association between outdoor ALAN and risk of CVD, with stronger effects among those who was overweight or obese. The findings of this study suggest that low and high outdoor ALAN exposure were associated with a higher risk for CVD. More attention should be given to the cardiovascular effects associated with outdoor ALAN exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Le-Bing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Centre for Air Quality and Health Research and Evaluation, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia; Ingham Institute for Applied Medial Research, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Steve Hung Lam Yim
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lidia Morawska
- Queensland University of Technology, International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhiqiang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wen-Zhong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanqiu Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Haojian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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99975
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Wang Y, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Tan F. Effects of uptake pathways on the accumulation, translocation, and metabolism of OPEs in rice: An emphasis on foliar uptake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170562. [PMID: 38307293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The often-overlooked importance of foliar absorption on the plant uptake of organic pollutants was investigated by an exposure chamber test. Rice seedlings were exposed to organophosphate esters (OPEs) through 8 scenarios arranged from 3 major uptake pathways: root uptake via solution, foliar uptake via gas, and foliar uptake via particles, to identify the contributions of these 3 uptake pathways and their influences on the translocation and metabolism of OPEs in rice. The concentration of OPEs in rice tissues showed an "additive effect" with the increase of exposure pathways. OPEs in rice shoots mainly originated from foliar uptake through particle (29.6 %-63.5 %) and gaseous (28.5 %-49.4 %) absorptions rather than root uptake (7.86 %-24.2 %) under the exposure condition. In comparison with stomal absorption, wax layer penetration was the main pathway for most OPEs to enter into leaves, especially for those compounds with high octanol-air partition coefficients. Although the subcellular distributions of OPEs in the rice tissues of the foliar exposure were slightly different from those of the root exposure, hydrophobic OPEs were mainly stored in the cell wall with hydrophilic OPEs mainly in the cytosol. The translocation of OPEs from the exposed tissue to the unexposed tissue were significantly negatively correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficients, but their basipetal translocation were limited. The result suggested that the translocation of OPEs within rice is prioritized over their degradation. This study deepens our understanding of the processes behind OPE uptake by rice and highlights the importance of foliar uptake, especially for those via particle absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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99976
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Losanno E, Badi M, Roussinova E, Bogaard A, Delacombaz M, Shokur S, Micera S. An Investigation of Manifold-Based Direct Control for a Brain-to-Body Neural Bypass. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 5:271-280. [PMID: 38766541 PMCID: PMC11100864 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2024.3381475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Brain-body interfaces (BBIs) have emerged as a very promising solution for restoring voluntary hand control in people with upper-limb paralysis. The BBI module decoding motor commands from brain signals should provide the user with intuitive, accurate, and stable control. Here, we present a preliminary investigation in a monkey of a brain decoding strategy based on the direct coupling between the activity of intrinsic neural ensembles and output variables, aiming at achieving ease of learning and long-term robustness. Results: We identified an intrinsic low-dimensional space (called manifold) capturing the co-variation patterns of the monkey's neural activity associated to reach-to-grasp movements. We then tested the animal's ability to directly control a computer cursor using cortical activation along the manifold axes. By daily recalibrating only scaling factors, we achieved rapid learning and stable high performance in simple, incremental 2D tasks over more than 12 weeks of experiments. Finally, we showed that this brain decoding strategy can be effectively coupled to peripheral nerve stimulation to trigger voluntary hand movements. Conclusions: These results represent a proof of concept of manifold-based direct control for BBI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Losanno
- The Biorobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AIScuola Superiore Sant'Anna56025PisaItaly
- Modular Implantable Neuroprostheses (MINE) LaboratoryUniversità Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaMilanItaly
| | - M. Badi
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - E. Roussinova
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - A. Bogaard
- Department of Neuroscience and Movement Sciences, Platform of Translational Neurosciences, Section of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Fribourg1700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - M. Delacombaz
- Department of Neuroscience and Movement Sciences, Platform of Translational Neurosciences, Section of Medicine, Faculty of Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Fribourg1700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - S. Shokur
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - S. Micera
- The Biorobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AIScuola Superiore Sant'Anna56025PisaItaly
- Modular Implantable Neuroprostheses (MINE) LaboratoryUniversità Vita-Salute San Raffaele and Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaMilanItaly
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of BioengineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)1015LausanneSwitzerland
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99977
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Xie S, Liu Q, Fu C, Chen Y, Li M, Tian C, Li J, Han M, Li C. Molecular Regulation of Porcine Skeletal Muscle Development: Insights from Research on CDC23 Expression and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3664. [PMID: 38612477 PMCID: PMC11011816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell division cycle 23 (CDC23) is a component of the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) subunit in the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) complex, which participates in the regulation of mitosis in eukaryotes. However, the regulatory model and mechanism by which the CDC23 gene regulates muscle production in pigs are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of CDC23 in pigs, and the results indicated that CDC23 is widely expressed in various tissues and organs. In vitro cell experiments have demonstrated that CDC23 promotes the proliferation of myoblasts, as well as significantly positively regulating the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed a significant downregulation of the cell cycle pathway during the differentiation process of skeletal muscle satellite cells. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network showed a high degree of interaction between genes related to the cell cycle pathway and CDC23. Subsequently, in differentiated myocytes induced after overexpression of CDC23, the level of CDC23 exhibited a significant negative correlation with the expression of key factors in the cell cycle pathway, suggesting that CDC23 may be involved in the inhibition of the cell cycle signaling pathway in order to promote the differentiation process. In summary, we preliminarily determined the function of CDC23 with the aim of providing new insights into molecular regulation during porcine skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Xie
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Chong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yansen Chen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Mengxun Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Cheng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Min Han
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Changchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.X.); (Q.L.)
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99978
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MacDowell CJ, Briones BA, Lenzi MJ, Gustison ML, Buschman TJ. Differences in the expression of cortex-wide neural dynamics are related to behavioral phenotype. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1333-1340.e6. [PMID: 38417445 PMCID: PMC10965364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Behavior differs across individuals, ranging from typical to atypical phenotypes.1 Understanding how differences in behavior relate to differences in neural activity is critical for developing treatments of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. One hypothesis is that differences in behavior reflect individual differences in the dynamics of how information flows through the brain. In support of this, the correlation of neural activity between brain areas, termed "functional connectivity," varies across individuals2 and is disrupted in autism,3 schizophrenia,4 and depression.5 However, the changes in neural activity that underlie altered behavior and functional connectivity remain unclear. Here, we show that individual differences in the expression of different patterns of cortical neural dynamics explain variability in both functional connectivity and behavior. Using mesoscale imaging, we recorded neural activity across the dorsal cortex of behaviorally "typical" and "atypical" mice. All mice shared the same recurring cortex-wide spatiotemporal motifs of neural activity, and these motifs explained the large majority of variance in cortical activity (>75%). However, individuals differed in how frequently different motifs were expressed. These differences in motif expression explained differences in functional connectivity and behavior across both typical and atypical mice. Our results suggest that differences in behavior and functional connectivity are due to changes in the processes that select which pattern of neural activity is expressed at each moment in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camden J MacDowell
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA; Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Brandy A Briones
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA; Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Michael J Lenzi
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
| | - Morgan L Gustison
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Timothy J Buschman
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA; Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
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99979
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Edwards DP, Davies RW, Massam MR. Ecology: A few species dominate forest tree abundance pan-tropically. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R251-R254. [PMID: 38531320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
An analysis of over 1 million old-growth tropical forest trees reveals that ∼2.2% of species comprise 50% of the individuals in Africa, Amazonia, and Southeast Asia, suggesting that the ecological mechanisms underpinning tree community assembly are ubiquitous across the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Edwards
- Department of Plant Sciences and Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Robert W Davies
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mike R Massam
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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99980
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Hoyer J, Kolar K, Athira A, van den Burgh M, Dondorp D, Liang Z, Chatzigeorgiou M. Polymodal sensory perception drives settlement and metamorphosis of Ciona larvae. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1168-1182.e7. [PMID: 38335959 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The Earth's oceans brim with an incredible diversity of microscopic lifeforms, including motile planktonic larvae, whose survival critically depends on effective dispersal in the water column and subsequent exploration of the seafloor to identify a suitable settlement site. How their nervous systems mediate sensing of diverse multimodal cues remains enigmatic. Here, we uncover that the tunicate Ciona intestinalis larvae employ ectodermal sensory cells to sense various mechanical and chemical cues. Combining whole-brain imaging and chemogenetics, we demonstrate that stimuli encoded at the periphery are sufficient to drive global brain-state changes to promote or impede both larval attachment and metamorphosis behaviors. The ability of C. intestinalis larvae to leverage polymodal sensory perception to support information coding and chemotactile behaviors may explain how marine larvae make complex decisions despite streamlined nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgen Hoyer
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Kushal Kolar
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Athira Athira
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Meike van den Burgh
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Daniel Dondorp
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Zonglai Liang
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway
| | - Marios Chatzigeorgiou
- Michael Sars Centre, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen 5006, Norway.
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99981
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Song TH, Clemente L, Pan X, Jang J, Santillana M, Lee K. Fine-Grained Forecasting of COVID-19 Trends at the County Level in the United States. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.13.24301248. [PMID: 38293076 PMCID: PMC10827234 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.13.24301248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, first identified in Wuhan China in December 2019, has profoundly impacted various aspects of daily life, society, healthcare systems, and global health policies. There have been more than half a billion human infections and more than 6 million deaths globally attributable to COVID-19. Although treatments and vaccines to protect against COVID-19 are now available, people continue being hospitalized and dying due to COVID-19 infections. Real-time surveillance of population-level infections, hospitalizations, and deaths has helped public health officials better allocate healthcare resources and deploy mitigation strategies. However, producing reliable, real-time, short-term disease activity forecasts (one or two weeks into the future) remains a practical challenge. The recent emergence of robust time-series forecasting methodologies based on deep learning approaches has led to clear improvements in multiple research fields. We propose a recurrent neural network model named Fine-Grained Infection Forecast Network (FIGI-Net), which utilizes a stacked bidirectional LSTM structure designed to leverage fine-grained county-level data, to produce daily forecasts of COVID-19 infection trends up to two weeks in advance. We show that FIGI-Net improves existing COVID-19 forecasting approaches and delivers accurate county-level COVID-19 disease estimates. Specifically, FIGI-Net is capable of anticipating upcoming sudden changes in disease trends such as the onset of a new outbreak or the peak of an ongoing outbreak, a skill that multiple existing state-of-the-art models fail to achieve. This improved performance is observed across locations and periods. Our enhanced forecasting methodologies may help protect human populations against future disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsi Song
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonardo Clemente
- Department of Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiang Pan
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Junbong Jang
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mauricio Santillana
- Department of Physics and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kwonmoo Lee
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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99982
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Safa BN, Guzmán NSF, Li G, Daniel Stamer W, Feola AJ, Ross Ethier C. A Histomorphometric and Computational Investigation of the Stabilizing Role of Pectinate Ligaments in the Aqueous Outflow Pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.17.562754. [PMID: 37905127 PMCID: PMC10614930 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.562754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Murine models are commonly used to study glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Glaucoma is associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which is regulated by the tissues of the aqueous outflow pathway. In particular, pectinate ligaments (PLs) connect the iris and trabecular meshwork (TM) at the anterior chamber angle, with an unknown role in maintenance of the biomechanical stability of the aqueous outflow pathway, thus motivating this study. We conducted histomorphometric analysis and optical coherence tomography-based finite element (FE) modeling on three cohorts of C57BL/6 mice: 'young' (2-6 months), 'middle-aged' (11-16 months), and 'elderly' (25-32 months). We evaluated the age-specific morphology of the outflow pathway tissues. Further, because of the known pressure-dependent Schlemm's canal (SC) narrowing, we assessed the dependence of the SC lumen area to varying IOPs in age-specific FE models over a physiological range of TM/PL stiffness values. We found age-dependent changes in morphology of outflow tissues; notably, the PLs were more developed in older mice compared to younger ones. In addition, FE modeling demonstrated that murine SC patency is highly dependent on the presence of PLs, and that increased IOP caused SC collapse only with sufficiently low TM/PL stiffness values. Moreover, the elderly model showed more susceptibility to SC collapse compared to the younger models. In conclusion, our study elucidated the previously unexplored role of PLs in the aqueous outflow pathway, indicating their function in supporting TM and SC under elevated IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak N. Safa
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nina Sara Fraticelli Guzmán
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Feola
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affair Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - C. Ross Ethier
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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99983
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Wang T, Ji M, Sun J. Identification and validation of an endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-related gene signature as an effective diagnostic marker of endometriosis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17070. [PMID: 38549776 PMCID: PMC10977089 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis is one of the most common benign gynecological diseases and is characterized by chronic pain and infertility. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a cellular adaptive response that plays a pivotal role in many cellular processes, including malignant transformation. However, whether ER stress is involved in endometriosis remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the potential role of ER stress in endometriosis, as well as its diagnostic value. Methods We retrieved data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Data from the GSE7305 and GSE23339 datasets were integrated into a merged dataset as the training cohort. Differentially expressed ER stress-related genes (DEG-ERs) were identified by integrating ER stress-related gene profiles downloaded from the GeneCards database with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the training cohort. Next, an ER stress-related gene signature was identified using LASSO regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the constructed model, which was further validated in the GSE51981 and GSE105764 datasets. Online databases were used to explore the possible regulatory mechanisms of the genes in the signature. Meanwhile, the CIBERSORT algorithm and Pearson correlation test were applied to analyze the association between the gene signature and immune infiltration. Finally, expression levels of the signature genes were further detected in clinical specimens using qRT-PCR and validated in the Turku endometriosis database. Results In total, 48 DEG-ERs were identified in the training cohort. Based on LASSO regression analysis, an eight-gene-based ER stress-related gene signature was constructed. This signature exhibited excellent diagnostic value in predicting endometriosis. Further analysis indicated that this signature was associated with a compromised ER stress state. In total, 12 miRNAs and 23 lncRNAs were identified that potentially regulate the expression of ESR1, PTGIS, HMOX1, and RSAD2. In addition, the ER stress-related gene signature indicated an immunosuppressive state in endometriosis. Finally, all eight genes showed consistent expression trends in both clinical samples and the Turku database compared with the training dataset. Conclusions Our work not only provides new insights into the impact of ER stress in endometriosis but also provides a novel biomarker with high clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Shanghai, Pudong New Area, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Shanghai, Pudong New Area, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Shanghai, Pudong New Area, China
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99984
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Heath M, St-Onge D, Hausler R. UV reflectance in crop remote sensing: Assessing the current state of knowledge and extending research with strawberry cultivars. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0285912. [PMID: 38527020 PMCID: PMC10962828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Remote sensing of spectral reflectance is a crucial parameter in precision agriculture. In particular, the visual color produced from reflected light can be used to determine plant health (VIS-IR) or attract pollinators (Near-UV). However, the UV spectral reflectance studies largely focus on non-crop plants, even though they provide essential information for plant-pollinator interactions. This literature review presents an overview of UV-reflectance in crops, identifies gaps in the literature, and contributes new data based on strawberry cultivars. The study found that most crop spectral reflectance studies relied on lab-based methodologies and examined a wide spectral range (Near UV to IR). Moreover, the plant family distribution largely mirrored global food market trends. Through a spectral comparison of white flowering strawberry cultivars, this study discovered visual differences for pollinators in the Near UV and Blue ranges. The variation in pollinator visibility within strawberry cultivars underscores the importance of considering UV spectral reflectance when developing new crop breeding lines and managing pollinator preferences in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Heath
- Department of Environmental Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David St-Onge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Hausler
- Department of Environmental Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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99985
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Zhang G, Fu Y, Yang L, Ye F, Zhang P, Zhang S, Ma L, Li J, Wu H, Han X, Wang J, Guo G. Construction of single-cell cross-species chromatin accessibility landscapes with combinatorial-hybridization-based ATAC-seq. Dev Cell 2024; 59:793-811.e8. [PMID: 38330939 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in single-cell genomics, the lack of maps for single-cell candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) in non-mammal species has limited our exploration of conserved regulatory programs across vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we developed a combinatorial-hybridization-based method for single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) named CH-ATAC-seq, enabling the construction of single-cell accessible chromatin landscapes for zebrafish, Drosophila, and earthworms (Eisenia andrei). By integrating scATAC censuses of humans, monkeys, and mice, we systematically identified 152 distinct main cell types and around 0.8 million cell-type-specific cCREs. Our analysis provided insights into the conservation of neural, muscle, and immune lineages across species, while epithelial cells exhibited a higher organ-origin heterogeneity. Additionally, a large-scale gene regulatory network (GRN) was constructed in four vertebrates by integrating scRNA-seq censuses. Overall, our study provides a valuable resource for comparative epigenomics, identifying the evolutionary conservation and divergence of gene regulation across different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuting Fu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Peijing Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hanyu Wu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaoping Han
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Guoji Guo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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99986
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Iglesias-Romero AB, Soto T, Flor-Parra I, Salas-Pino S, Ruiz-Romero G, Gould KL, Cansado J, Daga RR. MAPK-dependent control of mitotic progression in S. pombe. BMC Biol 2024; 22:71. [PMID: 38523261 PMCID: PMC10962199 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) preserve cell homeostasis by transducing physicochemical fluctuations of the environment into multiple adaptive responses. These responses involve transcriptional rewiring and the regulation of cell cycle transitions, among others. However, how stress conditions impinge mitotic progression is largely unknown. The mitotic checkpoint is a surveillance mechanism that inhibits mitotic exit in situations of defective chromosome capture, thus preventing the generation of aneuploidies. In this study, we investigate the role of MAPK Pmk1 in the regulation of mitotic exit upon stress. RESULTS We show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells lacking Pmk1, the MAP kinase effector of the cell integrity pathway (CIP), are hypersensitive to microtubule damage and defective in maintaining a metaphase arrest. Epistasis analysis suggests that Pmk1 is involved in maintaining spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) signaling, and its deletion is additive to the lack of core SAC components such as Mad2 and Mad3. Strikingly, pmk1Δ cells show up to twofold increased levels of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) activator Cdc20Slp1 during unperturbed growth. We demonstrate that Pmk1 physically interacts with Cdc20Slp1 N-terminus through a canonical MAPK docking site. Most important, the Cdc20Slp1 pool is rapidly degraded in stressed cells undergoing mitosis through a mechanism that requires MAPK activity, Mad3, and the proteasome, thus resulting in a delayed mitotic exit. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a novel function of MAPK in preventing mitotic exit and activation of cytokinesis in response to stress. The regulation of Cdc20Slp1 turnover by MAPK Pmk1 provides a key mechanism by which the timing of mitotic exit can be adjusted relative to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terersa Soto
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flor-Parra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Silvia Salas-Pino
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Gabriel Ruiz-Romero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - José Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain.
| | - Rafael R Daga
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
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99987
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Wang L, Qu F, Yu X, Yang S, Zhao B, Chen Y, Li P, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Han X, Wei D. Cortical lipid metabolic pathway alteration of early Alzheimer's disease and candidate drugs screen. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:199. [PMID: 38528586 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism changes occur in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Yet little is known about metabolic gene changes in early AD cortex. METHODS The lipid metabolic genes selected from two datasets (GSE39420 and GSE118553) were analyzed with enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction network construction and correlation analyses were used to screen core genes. Literature analysis and molecular docking were applied to explore potential therapeutic drugs. RESULTS 60 lipid metabolic genes differentially expressed in early AD patients' cortex were screened. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that up-regulated genes were mainly focused on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and mediating the activation of long-chain fatty acids, phosphoproteins, and cholesterol metabolism. Down-regulated genes were mainly focused on lipid transport, carboxylic acid metabolic process, and neuron apoptotic process. Literature reviews and molecular docking results indicated that ACSL1, ACSBG2, ACAA2, FABP3, ALDH5A1, and FFAR4 were core targets for lipid metabolism disorder and had a high binding affinity with compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, BMS-488043, and candidate therapeutic drugs especially bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol. CONCLUSIONS AD cortical lipid metabolism disorder was associated with the dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, adipocytokine signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, ferroptosis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid elongation. Candidate drugs including bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol, and active compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, and BMS-488043 have potential therapeutic effects on cortical lipid metabolism disorder of early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linshuang Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fengxue Qu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xueyun Yu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Sixia Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Pengbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xuejie Han
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Dongfeng Wei
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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99988
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Li L, Fan Q, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Qin G, Li C, Li W. Gentiopicroside ameliorates the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and hypertrophy in chondrocytes. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:198. [PMID: 38528538 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of gentiopicroside against lipopolysaccharide-induced chondrocyte inflammation. METHODS SW 1353 chondrosarcoma cells were stimulated with LPS (5 μg/ml) for 24 h and treated with different concentrations of gentiopicroside (GPS) for 24 h. The toxic effects of GPS on chondrocytes were determined using a CCK-8 assay and EdU staining. Western blotting, qPCR, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to examine the protective effect of GPS against the inflammatory response in chondrocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences between the groups (significance level of 0.05). RESULTS The CCK-8 results showed that 10, 20 and 40 μM GPS had no significant toxic effects on chondrocytes; GPS effectively reduced the production of IL-1β and PGE2, reversed LPS-induced extracellular matrix degradation in cartilage by inhibiting the Stat3/Runx2 signaling pathway, and suppressed the hypertrophic transformation of SW 1353 chondrosarcoma cells. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that GPS significantly inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory response and hypertrophic cellular degeneration in SW 1353 chondrosarcoma cells and is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Li
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Gaofeng Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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99989
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Lee KH, Shi L. Unraveling Activation-Related Rearrangements and Intrinsic Divergence from Ligand-Specific Conformational Changes of the Dopamine D3 and D2 Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1778-1793. [PMID: 38454785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Effective rational drug discovery hinges on understanding the functional states of the target protein and distinguishing it from homologues. However, for the G protein coupled receptors, both activation-related conformational changes (ACCs) and intrinsic divergence among receptors can be misled or obscured by ligand-specific conformational changes (LCCs). Here, we unraveled ACCs and intrinsic divergence from LCCs of the dopamine D3 and D2 receptors (D3R and D2R), by analyzing their experimentally determined structures and the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results of the receptors bound with various ligands. In addition to the ACCs common to other aminergic receptors, we revealed unique ACCs for these two receptors, including the extracellular portion of TM5 (TM5e) and TM6e shifting away from TM2e and TM3e, with a subtle rotation of TM5e. In identifying intrinsic divergence, we found more outward tilting of TM6e in the D2R compared to the D3R in both the experimental structures and simulations bound with ligands in different scaffolds. However, this difference was drastically reduced in the simulations bound with nonselective agonist quinpirole, suggesting a misleading effect of LCCs. Further, in the quinpirole-bound simulations, TM1 showed a greater disparity between these receptors, indicating that LCCs may also obscure intrinsic divergence. Importantly, our MD simulations revealed divergence in the dynamics of these receptors. Specifically, the D2R exhibited heightened flexibility compared to the D3R in the extracellular loops and TMs 5e, 6e, and 7e, associated with its greater ligand binding site plasticity. Our results lay the groundwork for crafting ligands specifically targeting the D2R and D3R with more precise pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Hao Lee
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Lei Shi
- Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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99990
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Yin W, Ma H, Qu Y, Wang S, Zhao R, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Targeted exosome-based nanoplatform for new-generation therapeutic strategies. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:032002. [PMID: 38471163 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, typically 30-150 nm in size, are lipid-bilayered small-membrane vesicles originating in endosomes. Exosome biogenesis is regulated by the coordination of various mechanisms whereby different cargoes (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) are sorted into exosomes. These components endow exosomes with bioregulatory functions related to signal transmission and intercellular communication. Exosomes exhibit substantial potential as drug-delivery nanoplatforms owing to their excellent biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. Proteins, miRNA, siRNA, mRNA, and drugs have been successfully loaded into exosomes, and these exosome-based delivery systems show satisfactory therapeutic effects in different disease models. To enable targeted drug delivery, genetic engineering and chemical modification of the lipid bilayer of exosomes are performed. Stimuli-responsive delivery nanoplatforms designed with appropriate modifications based on various stimuli allow precise control of on-demand drug delivery and can be utilized in clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the general properties, isolation methods, characterization, biological functions, and the potential role of exosomes in therapeutic delivery systems. Moreover, the effective combination of the intrinsic advantages of exosomes and advanced bioengineering, materials science, and clinical translational technologies are required to accelerate the development of exosome-based delivery nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yin
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyin Ma
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Siji Wang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhao
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun 130021, People's Republic of China
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99991
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Abbasi K, Ali P, Barbour V, Benfield T, Bibbins-Domingo K, Hancocks S, Horton R, Laybourn-Langton L, Mash R, Sahni P, Sharief WM, Yonga P, Zielinski C. Editorial: Time to Treat the Climate and Nature Crisis as One Indivisible Global Health Emergency. J Gen Intern Med 2024:10.1007/s11606-024-08634-9. [PMID: 38528234 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Parveen Ali
- Editor-in-Chief, International Nursing Review, Sheffield, England
| | - Virginia Barbour
- Editor-in-Chief, Medical Journal of Australia, Strawberry Hills, Australia
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Editor-in-Chief, Danish Medical Journal, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Mash
- Editor-in-Chief, African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peush Sahni
- Editor-in-Chief, National Medical Journal of India, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Paul Yonga
- Editor-in-Chief, East African Medical Journal, Nairobi, Kenya
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99992
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Liu G, Zhong Y, Liu Z, Wang G, Gao F, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang H, Ma J, Hu Y, Chen A, Pan J, Min Y, Tang Z, Gao C, Xiong Y. Solar-driven sugar production directly from CO 2 via a customizable electrocatalytic-biocatalytic flow system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2636. [PMID: 38528028 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46954-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional food production is restricted by energy conversion efficiency of natural photosynthesis and demand for natural resources. Solar-driven artificial food synthesis from CO2 provides an intriguing approach to overcome the limitations of natural photosynthesis while promoting carbon-neutral economy, however, it remains very challenging. Here, we report the design of a hybrid electrocatalytic-biocatalytic flow system, coupling photovoltaics-powered electrocatalysis (CO2 to formate) with five-enzyme cascade platform (formate to sugar) engineered via genetic mutation and bioinformatics, which achieves conversion of CO2 to C6 sugar (L-sorbose) with a solar-to-food energy conversion efficiency of 3.5%, outperforming natural photosynthesis by over three-fold. This flow system can in principle be programmed by coupling with diverse enzymes toward production of multifarious food from CO2. This work opens a promising avenue for artificial food synthesis from CO2 under confined environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zehua Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Gang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yangguang Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Aobo Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jiangyuan Pan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yuanzeng Min
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China.
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99993
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Doan D, Kulikowski J, Gu XW. Direct observation of phase transitions in truncated tetrahedral microparticles under quasi-2D confinement. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1954. [PMID: 38528038 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Colloidal crystals are used to understand fundamentals of atomic rearrangements in condensed matter and build complex metamaterials with unique functionalities. Simulations predict a multitude of self-assembled crystal structures from anisotropic colloids, but these shapes have been challenging to fabricate. Here, we use two-photon lithography to fabricate Archimedean truncated tetrahedrons and self-assemble them under quasi-2D confinement. These particles self-assemble into a hexagonal phase under an in-plane gravitational potential. Under additional gravitational potential, the hexagonal phase transitions into a quasi-diamond two-unit basis. In-situ imaging reveal this phase transition is initiated by an out-of-plane rotation of a particle at a crystalline defect and causes a chain reaction of neighboring particle rotations. Our results provide a framework of studying different structures from hard-particle self-assembly and demonstrates the ability to use confinement to induce unusual phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Doan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - John Kulikowski
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - X Wendy Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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99994
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Kowalski S, Haerter CAG, Perin DP, Takagui FH, Viana PF, Feldberg E, Blanco DR, Traldi JB, Giuliano-Caetano L, Lui RL. Karyotypic characterization of Centromochlus schultzi Rössel 1962 (Auchenipteridae, Centromochlinae) from the Xingu River basin: New inferences on chromosomal evolution in Centromochlus. Genet Mol Biol 2024; 47:e20230105. [PMID: 38530404 PMCID: PMC10993310 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Centromochlinae is a widely diverse subfamily with more than 50 species and several taxonomic conflicts due to morphological similarity between Tatia and Centromochlus species. However, cytogenetic studies on this group have been limited to only four species so far. Therefore, here we present the karyotype of Centromochlus schultzi from the Xingu River in Brazil using classic cytogenetic techniques, physical mapping of the 5S and 18S rDNAs, and telomeric sequences (TTAGGG)n. The species had 58 chromosomes, simple NORs and 18S rDNA sites. Heterochromatic regions were detected on the terminal position of most chromosomes, including pericentromeric and centromeric blocks that correspond to interstitial telomeric sites. The 5S rDNA had multiple sites, including a synteny with the 18S rDNA in the pair 24st, which is an ancestral feature for Doradidae, sister group of Auchenipteridae, but appears to be a homoplastic trait in this species. So far, C. schultzi is only the second species within Centromochlus to be karyotyped, but it has already presented characteristics with great potential to assist in future discussions on taxonomic issues in the subfamily Centromochlinae, including the first synteny between rDNAs in Auchenipteridae and also the presence of heterochromatic ITSs that could represent remnants of ancient chromosomal fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Kowalski
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas,
Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências
Biológicas e da Saúde, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Chrystian Aparecido Grillo Haerter
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências
Biológicas e da Saúde, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de
Biodiversidade, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Diana Paula Perin
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências
Biológicas e da Saúde, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Fábio Hiroshi Takagui
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de
Biodiversidade, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Patrik Ferreira Viana
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de
Biodiversidade, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Eliana Feldberg
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de
Biodiversidade, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Laridondo Lui
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Centro de Ciências
Biológicas e da Saúde, Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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99995
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Wang H, Yang C, Li G, Wang B, Qi L, Wang Y. A review of long non-coding RNAs in ankylosing spondylitis: pathogenesis, clinical assessment, and therapeutic targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1362476. [PMID: 38590778 PMCID: PMC10999594 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1362476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated type of inflammatory arthritis characterized by inflammation, bone erosion, and stiffness of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Despite great efforts put into the investigation of the disease, the pathogenesis of AS remains unclear, posing challenges in identifying ideal targets for diagnosis and treatment. To enhance our understanding of AS, an increasing number of studies have been conducted. Some of these studies reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the etiology of AS. Some certain lncRNAs influence the development of AS by regulating inflammatory responses, autophagy, apoptosis, and adipogenesis, as well as the proliferation and differentiation of cells. Additionally, some lncRNAs demonstrate potential as biomarkers, aiding in monitoring disease progression and predicting prognosis. In this review, we summarize recent studies concerning lncRNAs in AS to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in which lncRNAs are involved and their potential values as biomarkers for disease assessment and druggable targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanji Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxian Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Boning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Longtao Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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99996
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Zhang Y, Du Y, Zhang Z, Islam W, Zeng F. Unveiling the diversity, composition, and dynamics of phyllosphere microbial communities in Alhagi sparsifolia across desert basins and seasons in Xinjiang, China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361756. [PMID: 38591034 PMCID: PMC10999668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Phyllosphere microbes residing on plant leaf surfaces for maintaining plant health have gained increasing recognition. However, in desert ecosystems, knowledge about the variety, composition, and coexistence patterns of microbial communities in the phyllosphere remains limited. This study, conducted across three basins (Turpan-TLF, Tarim-CL, and Dzungaria-MSW) and three seasons (spring, summer, and autumn) in Xinjiang, China, aimed to explore the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the phyllosphere, encompassing both bacteria and fungi in Alhagi sparsifolia. We also investigated the co-occurrence patterns, influencing factors, and underlying mechanisms driving these dynamics. Results indicate that phyllosphere bacteria exhibited lower diversity indices (ACE, Shannon, Simpson, Fisher phylogenetic diversity, and Richness) in spring compared to summer and autumn, while the Goods Coverage Index (GCI) was higher in spring. Conversely, diversity indices and GCI of phyllosphere fungi showed an opposite trend. Interestingly, the lowest level of multi-functionality and niche width in phyllosphere bacteria occurred in spring, while the highest level was observed in phyllosphere fungi. Furthermore, the study revealed that no significant differences in multi-functionality were found among the regions (CL, MSW, and TLF). Network analysis highlighted that during spring, phyllosphere bacteria exhibited the lowest number of nodes, edges, and average degree, while phyllosphere fungi had the highest. Surprisingly, the multi-functionality of both phyllosphere bacteria and fungi showed no significant correlation with climatic and environmental factors but displayed a significant association with the morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties of leaves. Structural Equation Model indicated that the morphological characteristics of leaves significantly influenced the multi-functionality of phyllosphere bacteria and fungi. However, the indirect and total effects of climate on multi-functionality were greater than the effects of physicochemical properties and morphological characteristics of leaves. These findings offer new insights into leaf phyllosphere microbial community structure, laying a theoretical foundation for vegetation restoration and rational plant resource utilization in desert ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- College of Ecology and Environmental, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Yi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- College of Ecology and Environmental, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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99997
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Tsubouchi A, An Y, Kawamura Y, Yanagihashi Y, Nakayama H, Murata Y, Teranishi K, Ishiguro S, Aburatani H, Yachie N, Ota S. Pooled CRISPR screening of high-content cellular phenotypes using ghost cytometry. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100737. [PMID: 38531306 PMCID: PMC10985231 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in image-based pooled CRISPR screening have facilitated the mapping of diverse genotype-phenotype associations within mammalian cells. However, the rapid enrichment of cells based on morphological information continues to pose a challenge, constraining the capacity for large-scale gene perturbation screening across diverse high-content cellular phenotypes. In this study, we demonstrate the applicability of multimodal ghost cytometry-based cell sorting, including both fluorescent and label-free high-content phenotypes, for rapid pooled CRISPR screening within vast cell populations. Using the high-content cell sorter operating in fluorescence mode, we successfully executed kinase-specific CRISPR screening targeting genes influencing the nuclear translocation of RelA. Furthermore, using the multiparametric, label-free mode, we performed large-scale screening to identify genes involved in macrophage polarization. Notably, the label-free platform can enrich target phenotypes without requiring invasive staining, preserving untouched cells for downstream assays and expanding the potential for screening cellular phenotypes even when suitable markers are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuri An
- ThinkCyte Inc., Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Soh Ishiguro
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yachie
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Sadao Ota
- ThinkCyte Inc., Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
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99998
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Greber BJ. High-resolution cryo-EM of a small protein complex: The structure of the human CDK-activating kinase. Structure 2024:S0969-2126(24)00085-6. [PMID: 38565138 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The human CDK-activating kinase (CAK) is a multifunctional protein complex and key regulator of cell growth and division. Because of its critical functions in regulating the cell cycle and transcription initiation, it is a key target for multiple cancer drug discovery programs. However, the structure of the active human CAK, insights into its regulation, and its interactions with cellular substrates and inhibitors remained elusive until recently due to the lack of high-resolution structures of the intact complex. This review covers the progress in structure determination of the human CAK by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), from early efforts to recent near-atomic resolution maps routinely resolved at 2Å or better. These results were enabled by the latest cryo-EM technologies introduced after the initial phase of the "resolution revolution" and allowed the application of high-resolution methods to new classes of molecular targets, including small protein complexes that were intractable using earlier technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil J Greber
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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Chen H, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Ding Y, Wang C, Feng X, Fan Q, Yuan F, Fu G, Gao B, Liu K, Zou X. Microplastics: A potential proxy for tracing extreme flood events in estuarine environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170554. [PMID: 38309341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The transport of microplastics (MPs) is susceptible to being influenced by catchment hydrology; however, there is a notable lack of research on their retention and responses to flood events in estuarine sedimentary records. Herein, we collected two cores in the Yangtze Estuary to explore their microplastic pollution, influencing factors and linkage to flood events. MP abundance exhibited a decreasing trend from the top to the bottom in both cores. Both plastic production and sediment mean grain size showed a significant positive correlation with MP abundance. The sedimentary record displayed a marked surge in MP abundance during the extreme flood period, suggesting a direct influence of flooding on MP deposition. The resuspension of upstream MPs and erosion of land-based MPs by heavy rain might be responsible for this increase. Furthermore, our study identified significant periodicities in MP abundance, closely aligned with the hydrological patterns of the Yangtze River. This study highlights the role of floods in fluvial MP distribution and proposes MPs as a proxy of extreme floods from the 20th century in estuarine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongcheng Ding
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xuguang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Qinya Fan
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Guanghe Fu
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Bingfei Gao
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xinqing Zou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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100000
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Mensah-Bonsu M, Doss C, Gloster C, Muganda P. Identification and Potential Roles of Human MicroRNAs in Ebola Virus Infection and Disease Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:403. [PMID: 38674337 PMCID: PMC11049046 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes a severe illness called Ebola virus disease (EVD). EVD has a high mortality rate and remains a significant threat to public health. Research on EVD pathogenesis has traditionally focused on host transcriptional responses. Limited recent studies, however, have revealed some information on the significance of cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) in EBOV infection and pathogenic mechanisms, but further studies are needed. Thus, this study aimed to identify and validate additional known and novel human miRNAs in EBOV-infected adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE) cells and predict their potential roles in EBOV infection and pathogenic mechanisms. We analyzed previously available small RNA-Seq data obtained from ARPE cells and identified 23 upregulated and seven downregulated miRNAs in the EBOV-infected cells; these included two novel miRNAs and 17 additional known miRNAs not previously identified in ARPE cells. In addition to pathways previously identified by others, these miRNAs are associated with pathways and biological processes that include WNT, FoxO, and phosphatidylinositol signaling; these pathways were not identified in the original study. This study thus confirms and expands on the previous study using the same datasets and demonstrates further the importance of human miRNAs in the host response and EVD pathogenesis during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin Mensah-Bonsu
- Applied Science and Technology Ph.D. Program, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Christopher Doss
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Clay Gloster
- Department of Computer Systems Technology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Perpetua Muganda
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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