1051
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Gallo MV, Ravenscroft J, Carpenter DO, Schell LM. Persistent organic pollutants as predictors of increased FSH:LH ratio in naturally cycling, reproductive age women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:556-564. [PMID: 29621723 PMCID: PMC5983370 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although several recent studies suggest endocrine disrupting compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p', DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), target different organs and systems in the body, their impact on female reproductive function in humans is not well characterized. We seek to determine the relationship between several known endocrine disrupting compounds and a marker of ovarian responsivity, the FSH:LH ratio (higher ratio indicates less ovarian responsivity). For this analysis, 169 naturally cycling women between 21 and 38 years of age completed interviews and had their blood drawn on day 3 of their menstrual cycle for analyses of toxicants, gonadal sex hormones (E2 and P4), and gonadotropins (FSH and LH). PCB congeners were classified into five groups based on their environmental persistence, distribution in human tissue, and toxicological action, reflecting the structure, mechanism, and known biological activity of individual PCB congeners. For every unit (ppb) increase in the level of the estrogenic PCB group, there was a 5-fold greater risk of a FSH:LH ratio ≥ 2, controlling for individual differences in age, percent body fat, cycle day 3 estradiol levels, parity, alcohol use and cigarette smoking in the past year (exp[ß] = 5; p = ≤0.01). PCB congeners identified as estrogenic were analyzed individually, and, of the 19 potentially estrogenic congeners, five were significantly, and positively related to an increased FSH:LH ratio. Four of these congeners are non-persistent, easily volatilize in the environment, and are easily metabolized, and hence, are indicative of very recent or current exposure. p,p'-DDE and HCB were not associated with FSH:LH ratio. We find a clinical indicator of ovarian responsivity, FSH:LH ratio, is associated with a specific group of estrogenic PCBs. These congeners may become airborne when they volatilize from dredged PCB-contaminated soil or from indoor PCB-containing window caulk and sealants in older buildings leading to inhalation exposure. PCB exposure, particularly to non-persistent, estrogenic congeners, may pose an unrecognized threat to female fecundity within the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia V Gallo
- University at Albany, Department of Anthropology, A&S 237, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA; Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany-SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
| | - Julia Ravenscroft
- University at Albany, Department of Anthropology, A&S 237, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA
| | - David O Carpenter
- Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany-SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- University at Albany, Department of Anthropology, A&S 237, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA; Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany-SUNY, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, University at Albany, 5 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, USA; University at Albany, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, One University Place, Room 131, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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1052
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Hejmej A, Bilinska B. The effects of flutamide on cell-cell junctions in the testis, epididymis, and prostate. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 81:1-16. [PMID: 29958919 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize recent findings on the effect of the anti-androgen flutamide on cell-cell junctions in the male reproductive system. We outline developmental aspects of flutamide action on the testis, epididymis, and prostate, and describe changes in junction protein expression and organization of junctional complexes in the adult boar following prenatal and postnatal exposure. We also discuss findings on the mechanisms by which flutamide induces alterations in cell-cell junctions in reproductive tissues of adult males, with special emphasis on cytoplasmic effects. Based on the results from in vivo and in vitro studies in the rat, we propose that flutamide affects the expression of junction proteins and junction complex structure not only by inhibiting androgen receptor activity, but equally important by modulating protein kinase-dependent signaling in testicular cells. Additionally, results from studies on prostate cancer cell lines point to a role for the cellular molecular outfit in response to flutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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1053
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Potential Health Risk of Endocrine Disruptors in Construction Sector and Plastics Industry: A New Paradigm in Occupational Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061229. [PMID: 29891786 PMCID: PMC6025531 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) belong to large and diverse groups of agents that may cause multiple biological effects associated with, for example, hormone imbalance and infertility, chronic diseases such as diabetes, genome damage and cancer. The health risks related with the exposure to EDs are typically underestimated, less well characterized, and not regulated to the same extent as, for example, carcinogens. The increased production and utilization of identified or suspected EDs in many different technological processes raises new challenges with respect to occupational exposure settings and associated health risks. Due to the specific profile of health risk, occupational exposure to EDs demands a new paradigm in health risk assessment, redefinition of exposure assessment, new effects biomarkers for occupational health surveillance and definition of limit values. The construction and plastics industries are among the strongest economic sectors, employing millions of workers globally. They also use large quantities of chemicals that are known or suspected EDs. Focusing on these two industries, this short communication discusses: (a) why occupational exposure to EDs needs a more specific approach to occupational health risk assessments, (b) identifies the current knowledge gaps, and (c) identifies and gives a rationale for a future occupational health paradigm, which will include ED biomarkers as a relevant parameter in occupational health risk assessment, surveillance and exposure prevention.
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1054
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Bell MR, Dryden A, Will R, Gore AC. Sex differences in effects of gestational polychlorinated biphenyl exposure on hypothalamic neuroimmune and neuromodulator systems in neonatal rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 353:55-66. [PMID: 29879404 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous in the environment and exposure to them is associated with immune, endocrine and neural dysfunction. Effects of PCBs on inflammation and immunity are best described in spleen and blood, with fewer studies on neural tissues. This is an important gap in knowledge, as molecules typically associated with neuroinflammation also serve neuromodulatory roles and interact with hormones in normal brain development. The current study used Sprague-Dawley rats to assess whether gestational PCB exposure altered hypothalamic gene expression and serum cytokine concentration in neonatal animals given an immune challenge. Dams were fed wafers containing a mixture of PCBs at an environmentally relevant dose and composition (20 μg/kg, 1:1:1 Aroclor 1242:1248:1254) or oil vehicle control throughout their pregnancy. One day old male and female offspring were treated with an inflammatory challenge (lipopolysaccharide, LPS, 50 μg/kg, sc) or saline vehicle control approximately 3.5 h prior to tissue collection. Across both basal and activated inflammatory states, PCB exposure caused greater expression of a subset of inflammatory genes in the hypothalamus and lower expression of genes involved in dopamine, serotonin, and opioid systems compared to oil controls. PCB exposure also altered reactions to inflammatory challenge: it reversed the normal decrease in Esr2 hypothalamic expression and induced an abnormal increase in IL-1b and IL-6 serum concentration in response to LPS. Many of these effects were sex specific. Given the potential long-term consequences of neuroimmune disruption, our findings demonstrate the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Bell
- Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL 60614, United States.
| | - Ariel Dryden
- Franklin College, Franklin, IN 46131, United States.
| | - Ryan Will
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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1055
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Kotiloğlu SÖ, Çelik S, Tanış E, Kurban M. Investigation of Structural, Vibrational Properties and Electronic Structure of Fluorene‐9‐Bisphenol: A DFT Approach. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selin Özkan Kotiloğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAhi Evran University 40100 Kırşehir Turkey
| | - Sibel Çelik
- Vocational School of Health ServicesAhi Evran University 40100 Kırşehir Turkey
| | - Emine Tanış
- Kaman Vocational SchoolAhi Evran University 40100 Kırşehir Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kurban
- Department of Electronics and AutomationAhi Evran University 40100 Kırşehir Turkey, E-Mail address
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1056
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Street ME, Angelini S, Bernasconi S, Burgio E, Cassio A, Catellani C, Cirillo F, Deodati A, Fabbrizi E, Fanos V, Gargano G, Grossi E, Iughetti L, Lazzeroni P, Mantovani A, Migliore L, Palanza P, Panzica G, Papini AM, Parmigiani S, Predieri B, Sartori C, Tridenti G, Amarri S. Current Knowledge on Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) from Animal Biology to Humans, from Pregnancy to Adulthood: Highlights from a National Italian Meeting. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1647. [PMID: 29865233 PMCID: PMC6032228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wildlife has often presented and suggested the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Animal studies have given us an important opportunity to understand the mechanisms of action of many chemicals on the endocrine system and on neurodevelopment and behaviour, and to evaluate the effects of doses, time and duration of exposure. Although results are sometimes conflicting because of confounding factors, epidemiological studies in humans suggest effects of EDCs on prenatal growth, thyroid function, glucose metabolism and obesity, puberty, fertility, and on carcinogenesis mainly through epigenetic mechanisms. This manuscript reviews the reports of a multidisciplinary national meeting on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Street
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sergio Bernasconi
- Former Department of Medicine, University of Parma, Via A. Catalani 10, 43123 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Burgio
- ECERI European Cancer and Environment Research Institute, Square de Meeus, 38-40, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Alessandra Cassio
- Pediatric Endocrinology Programme, Pediatrics Unit, Department of Woman, Child Health and Urologic Diseases, AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Via Massarenti, 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Catellani
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Deodati
- Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Tor Vergata University, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrica Fabbrizi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Augusto Murri Hospital, Via Augusto Murri, 17, 63900 Fermo, Itlay.
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, via Ospedale, 54, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Gargano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Villa Santa Maria Institute, Neuropsychiatric Rehabilitation Center, Via IV Novembre 15, 22038 Tavernerio (Como), Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatrics Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Pietro Lazzeroni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Food and Veterinary Toxicology Unit ISS⁻National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Traslational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56123 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paola Palanza
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri-Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043 Orbassano (Turin), Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Stefano Parmigiani
- Unit of Evolutionary and Functional Biology-Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)-University of Parma⁻11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatrics Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sartori
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Tridenti
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Amarri
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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1057
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He X, Liu Y, Xu B, Gu L, Tang W. PFOA is associated with diabetes and metabolic alteration in US men: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2012. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:566-574. [PMID: 29291571 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with a range of adverse health effects. However, it remains unclear whether PFAS at environmentally relevant exposure levels are related to diabetes and metabolite concentrations in adults. Using cross-sectional data from 7904 adults (age≥20years) in the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the association of PFAS with the prevalence of diabetes and metabolite concentrations. A multivariate logistic regression was applied to investigate the associations of diabetes prevalence with serum perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) levels. A multivariate generalised linear regression was further performed to investigate the associations between PFAS exposure and some metabolites. We identified a strong positive association between serum PFOA and diabetes prevalence in men with an adjusted model (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.63-4.35; P for trend=0.001). No significant association between serum PFOA and diabetes prevalence was observed in women (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 0.88-2.46; P for trend=0.737). Furthermore, diabetes was not related to PFOS, PFHxS and PFNA, regardless of gender. In the gender-stratified generalised linear models, men and women with the highest PFOA levels demonstrated a 1.43% (95% CI: 0.62%-2.34%) and a 1.07% (95% CI: 0.27%-1.97%) greater increase in serum total cholesterol (P for trend=0.006 and 0.001) compared to those with the lowest PFOA levels. There were no significant associations between serum PFOA and other metabolites. These results provide epidemiological evidence that environment-related levels of serum PFOA may be positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes in men and with total cholesterol in adults. Further clinical and animal studies are urgently needed to elucidate putative causal relationships and shed light on the potential mode of action involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei He
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescense and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, 30 Luojia Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China
| | - Yuanxin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescense and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, 30 Luojia Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China
| | - Bo Xu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liubao Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescense and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, 30 Luojia Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescense and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, 30 Luojia Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China.
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1058
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Varshavsky JR, Morello-Frosch R, Woodruff TJ, Zota AR. Dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005-2014. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:417-429. [PMID: 29605141 PMCID: PMC5970069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-androgenic phthalates are reproductive toxicants that may have additive effects on male development. Diet is the primary exposure source for most phthalates, which contaminate the food supply through food contact materials and industrialized production. OBJECTIVE To compare dietary sources of cumulative phthalates exposure between "food at home" (e.g. food consumed from a grocery store) and "food away from home" (e.g. food consumed from fast food/restaurants and cafeterias) in the U.S. general population. METHODS We estimated cumulative phthalates exposure by calculating daily intake from metabolite concentrations in urinary spot samples for 10,253 participants (≥6 years old) using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2014) data. We constructed a biologically relevant metric of phthalates daily intake (∑androgen-disruptor, μg/kg/day) by converting phthalates into anti-androgen equivalent terms prior to their summation. Particular foods and the percent of total energy intake (TEI) consumed from multiple dining out sources were ascertained from 24-h recall surveys. Associations with ∑androgen-disruptor levels were estimated for children, adolescents, and adults using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS We observed a consistent positive association between dining out and Σandrogen-disruptor levels across the study population (p-trend <0.0001). Among adolescents, high consumers of foods outside the home had 55% (95% CI: 35%, 78%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels compared to those who only consumed food at home. The contribution of specific dining out sources to Σandrogen-disruptor levels varied by age group. For example, cafeteria food was associated with 15% (95% CI: 4.0%, 28%) and 64% (95% CI: 40%, 92%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels in children and adults, respectively. Particular foods, especially sandwiches (i.e. cheeseburgers), were associated with increased Σandrogen-disruptor levels only if they were purchased away from home (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Dining out may be an important source of biologically relevant cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. POPULATION Future studies should evaluate modifiable production practices that remove phthalates from the food supply in addition to the efficacy of interventions that promote eating fresh foods prepared at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Varshavsky
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA; University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA; University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- University of California, San Francisco, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
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1059
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Pěnčíková K, Svržková L, Strapáčová S, Neča J, Bartoňková I, Dvořák Z, Hýžďalová M, Pivnička J, Pálková L, Lehmler HJ, Li X, Vondráček J, Machala M. In vitro profiling of toxic effects of prominent environmental lower-chlorinated PCB congeners linked with endocrine disruption and tumor promotion. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:473-486. [PMID: 29518658 PMCID: PMC5908724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms contributing to toxic effects of airborne lower-chlorinated PCB congeners (LC-PCBs) remain poorly characterized. We evaluated in vitro toxicities of environmental LC-PCBs found in both indoor and outdoor air (PCB 4, 8, 11, 18, 28 and 31), and selected hydroxylated metabolites of PCB 8, 11 and 18, using reporter gene assays, as well as other functional cellular bioassays. We focused on processes linked with endocrine disruption, tumor promotion and/or regulation of transcription factors controlling metabolism of both endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. The tested LC-PCBs were found to be mostly efficient anti-androgenic (within nanomolar - micromolar range) and estrogenic (at micromolar concentrations) compounds, as well as inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) at micromolar concentrations. PCB 8, 28 and 31 were found to partially inhibit the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated activity. The tested LC-PCBs were also partial constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) agonists, with PCB 4, 8 and 18 being the most active compounds. They were inactive towards other nuclear receptors, such as vitamin D receptor, thyroid receptor α, glucocorticoid receptor or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. We found that only PCB 8 contributed to generation of oxidative stress, while all tested LC-PCBs induced arachidonic acid release (albeit without further modulations of arachidonic acid metabolism) in human lung epithelial cells. Importantly, estrogenic effects of hydroxylated (OH-PCB) metabolites of LC-PCBs (4-OH-PCB 8, 4-OH-PCB 11 and 4'-OH-PCB 18) were higher than those of the parent PCBs, while their other toxic effects were only slightly altered or suppressed. This suggested that metabolism may alter toxicity profiles of LC-PCBs in a receptor-specific manner. In summary, anti-androgenic and estrogenic activities, acute inhibition of GJIC and suppression of the AhR-mediated activity were found to be the most relevant modes of action of airborne LC-PCBs, although they partially affected also additional cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Svržková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Strapáčová
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Neča
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Bartoňková
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 11, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 11, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hýžďalová
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Pivnička
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pálková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, IA, USA
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
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1060
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Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that alter the structure and function of the endocrine system and may be contributing to disorders of the reproductive, metabolic, neuroendocrine and other complex systems. Typically, these outcomes cannot be modeled in cell-based or other simple systems necessitating the use of animal testing. Appropriate animal model selection is required to effectively recapitulate the human experience, including relevant dosing and windows of exposure, and ensure translational utility and reproducibility. While classical toxicology heavily relies on inbred rats and mice, and focuses on apical endpoints such as tumor formation or birth defects, EDC researchers have used a greater diversity of species to effectively model more subtle but significant outcomes such as changes in pubertal timing, mammary gland development, and social behaviors. Advances in genomics, neuroimaging and other tools are making a wider range of animal models more widely available to EDC researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Patisaul
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NTP Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - David Aylor
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Bioinformatics Research Center, W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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1061
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Johnson SA, Ellersieck MR, Rosenfeld CS. Hypothalamic gene expression changes in F 1 California mice ( Peromyscus californicus) parents developmentally exposed to bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00672. [PMID: 30003164 PMCID: PMC6039852 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a pervasive industrial chemical used in many common household items. To examine how early exposure to BPA and ethinyl estradiol (EE, estrogen in birth control pill) might affect biparental care, effects of these chemicals in male and female California mice (Peromyscus californicus), who are monogamous and biparental, were examined. California mice exposed during pre- and peri-natal life to BPA at an environmentally relevant concentration or EE show later disrupted biparental behaviors. The hypothalamus is an important brain region for regulating parental behaviors. Thus, it was hypothesized compromised biparental care might be partially due to hypothalamic gene alterations. To address this question, brains from F1 parenting female and male California mice from controls, BPA- and EE-exposed groups were collected at postnatal day (PND) 2, and RNA was isolated from hypothalamic micropunches. Gene expression was examined in this brain region for genes affected by BPA exposure and attributed to governing parental care in rodents and humans. BPA-exposed California mice showed increased hypothalamic expression of Kiss1, Esr1 and Esr2 relative to AIN control and EE-exposed parents in the case of Esr2. Notably, current studies represent the first report to show that early exposure to BPA can induce longstanding effects on hypothalamic gene expression in parenting male and female rodents. Absence of such hypothalamic gene expression changes in EE-exposed parents indicates early BPA exposure may induce later transcriptomic effects through estrogen receptor-independent pathways. BPA-driven changes in hypothalamic function of California mice might contribute to decreased biparental investment, which could result in F2 multigenerational effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Johnson
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mark R. Ellersieck
- Agriculture Experimental Station-Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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1062
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Chiu JMY, Po BHK, Degger N, Tse A, Liu W, Zheng G, Zhao DM, Xu D, Richardson B, Wu RSS. Contamination and risk implications of endocrine disrupting chemicals along the coastline of China: A systematic study using mussels and semipermeable membrane devices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1298-1307. [PMID: 29929242 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study has been carried out to assess the contamination of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in five highly urbanized coastal cities spanning from temperate to subtropical environments along the coastline of China. In each of these cities, species of native mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis, M. coruscus or Perna viridis) were deployed alongside with semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) for one month at a reference site and a polluted site. The level of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), bisphenol A (BPA), 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in SPMDs and transplanted mussels were determined and compared. The concentration of EDCs in mussels from polluted sites of Qingdao and Shenzhen ranged from 99.4±9.40 to 326.1±3.16ng/g dry wt. for 4-NP, Dalian and Shanghai from 170.3±4.00 to 437.2±36.8ng/g dry wt. for BPA, Dalian and Shenzhen from 82.9±3.03 to 315.6±6.50ng/g dry wt. for E2, and Shenzhen and Shanghai from 124.5±3.25 to 204.5±9.26ng/g dry wt. for EE2, respectively. These results demonstrate that concentrations of EDCs in mussels along the coastline of China are substantially higher than levels reported in mussels and seafood elsewhere. Despite high levels of EDCs and per capita seafood consumption in China, analysis indicated that 4-NP and BPA intake from mussels at polluted sites per se are still below the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI). In contrast, the daily intake of E2 and EE2 (6.5 and 5.5μg/person/day, respectively) from mussel consumption exceeded the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by the WHO, USA and Australia by large margins, suggesting significant public health risks. A strong correlation was found between EDC concentrations in SPMDs and transplanted mussels, and the advantages of using mussels and SPMDs for monitoring EDCs in the aquatic environment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Y Chiu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Beverly H K Po
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Natalie Degger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Gene Zheng
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhao
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Liaoning, China
| | - Di Xu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bruce Richardson
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rudolf S S Wu
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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1063
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Kim MJ, Moon S, Oh BC, Jung D, Ji K, Choi K, Park YJ. Association between perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid function in adults: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197244. [PMID: 29746532 PMCID: PMC5945046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many people are exposed to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) because these substances are widely used as industrial products. Although epidemiological studies suggest that PFASs can disrupt thyroid hormones, the association between PFAS exposure and thyroid function remains inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the association between PFASs exposure and thyroid hormones. Methods We searched medical literature databases for articles on the association between PFASs–perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS)–and thyroid hormone levels in adults. Twelve articles were included in the meta-analysis, and the pooled z values were calculated with correlation or regression coefficients. Results The blood PFOS concentration was positively correlated with free T4. The pooled z value was 0.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03, 0.08). PFOS was negatively correlated with total T4 and total T3 when excluding outlier studies. In a subgroup analysis stratified by mean PFOS concentration, PFOS was observed to be positively associated with free T4 and TSH and negatively associated with total T3 in the intermediate concentration group (8–16 ng/mL). PFOA concentration was negatively correlated with total T4 (z value, -0.06; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.03) after omitting one outlier study. PFHxS also showed a negative correlation with total T4 (z value, -0.04; 95% CI: -0.07, -0.01). A subgroup analysis of pregnant women showed that there was no association between PFASs and thyroid hormones. Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that PFASs are negatively associated with total T4, and their effect can be different depending on the PFAS concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinje Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Oh
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Division of Environmental Health, Korea Environment Institute, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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1064
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van der Weijden VA, Flöter VL, Ulbrich SE. Gestational oral low-dose estradiol-17β induces altered DNA methylation of CDKN2D and PSAT1 in embryos and adult offspring. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7494. [PMID: 29748642 PMCID: PMC5945594 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) interfere with the natural hormone balance and may induce epigenetic changes through exposure during sensitive periods of development. In this study, the effects of short-term estradiol-17β (E2) exposure on various tissues of pregnant sows (F0) and on day 10 blastocysts (F1) were assessed. Intergenerational effects were investigated in the liver of 1-year old female offspring (F1). During gestation, sows were orally exposed to two low doses and a high dose of E2 (0.05, 10, and 1000 µg/kg body weight/day). In F0, perturbed tissue specific mRNA expression of cell cycle regulation and tumour suppressor genes was found at low and high dose exposure, being most pronounced in the endometrium and corpus luteum. The liver showed the most significant DNA hypomethylation in three target genes; CDKN2D, PSAT1, and RASSF1. For CDKN2D and PSAT1, differential methylation in blastocysts was similar as observed in the F0 liver. Whereas blastocysts showed hypomethylation, the liver of 1-year old offspring showed subtle, but significant hypermethylation. We show that the level of effect of estrogenic EDC, with the periconceptual period as a sensitive time window, is at much lower concentration than currently presumed and propose epigenetics as a sensitive novel risk assessment parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronika L Flöter
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland.,Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Animal Physiology & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne E Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Animal Physiology & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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1065
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Flöter VL, Lorenz AK, Kirchner B, Pfaffl MW, Bauersachs S, Ulbrich SE. Impact of preimplantational oral low-dose estradiol-17β exposure on the endometrium: The role of miRNA. Mol Reprod Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika L. Flöter
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology; Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Lorenz
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology; Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Life Science Center Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Stefan Bauersachs
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology; Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Susanne E. Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology; Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Zürich Switzerland
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1066
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Acevedo N, Rubin BS, Schaeberle CM, Soto AM. Perinatal BPA exposure and reproductive axis function in CD-1 mice. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:39-46. [PMID: 29752986 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal Bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure reduces fertility and fecundity in mice. This study examined effects of early BPA exposure on activation of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in conjunction with a steroid-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, characterized patterns of estrous cyclicity and fertility over time, and assessed the ovarian follicular reserve to further explore factors responsible for the reduced fertility we previously described in this model. The percent activated GnRH neurons was reduced in BPA-exposed females at 3-6 months, and periods of persistent proestrus were increased. These data suggest that perinatal exposure to BPA reduces GnRH neuronal activation required for the generation of the LH surge and estrous cyclicity. Assessments of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels failed to suggest a decline in the follicular reserve at the BPA exposure levels examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Acevedo
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Beverly S Rubin
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Cheryl M Schaeberle
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Ana M Soto
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA.
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1067
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Harris EP, Allardice HA, Schenk AK, Rissman EF. Effects of maternal or paternal bisphenol A exposure on offspring behavior. Horm Behav 2018; 101:68-76. [PMID: 28964733 PMCID: PMC5882611 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and resins. Exposure to BPA during gestation has been proposed as a risk factor for the development of neurobehavioral disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder. To address the behavioral impact of developmental exposure to BPA, we tested offspring of mice exposed to a daily low dose of BPA during pregnancy. We also asked if preconception exposure of the sire affected behaviors in offspring. Sires that consumed BPA for 50days prior to mating weighed less than controls, but no effects on any reproductive measures were noted. Juvenile offspring exposed to BPA maternally, but not paternally, spent less time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze than controls, indicating increased anxiety-like behavior. However, neither parental exposure group differed significantly from controls in the social recognition task. We also assessed the behaviors of maternally exposed offspring in two novel tasks: ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in pups and operant reversal learning in adults. Maternal BPA exposure increased the duration and median frequency of USVs emitted by pups during maternal separation. In the reversal learning task, females responded more accurately and earned more rewards than males. Additionally, control females received more rewards than BPA females during the acquisition phase of the task. These are among the first studies conducted to ask if BPA exposure via the sire affects offspring behavior and the first study to report effects of gestational BPA exposure on pup USVs and adult operant responding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin P Harris
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Heather A Allardice
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - A Katrin Schenk
- Department of Physics, Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA 24503, USA
| | - Emilie F Rissman
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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1068
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Pubertal chlorocholine chloride exposure inhibits testicular testosterone synthesis by down-regulating steroidogenic enzymes in adult rats. Toxicol Lett 2018; 288:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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1069
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Barouki R, Melén E, Herceg Z, Beckers J, Chen J, Karagas M, Puga A, Xia Y, Chadwick L, Yan W, Audouze K, Slama R, Heindel J, Grandjean P, Kawamoto T, Nohara K. Epigenetics as a mechanism linking developmental exposures to long-term toxicity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 114:77-86. [PMID: 29499450 PMCID: PMC5899930 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A variety of experimental and epidemiological studies lend support to the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept. Yet, the actual mechanisms accounting for mid- and long-term effects of early-life exposures remain unclear. Epigenetic alterations such as changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and the expression of certain RNAs have been suggested as possible mediators of long-term health effects of environmental stressors. This report captures discussions and conclusions debated during the last Prenatal Programming and Toxicity meeting held in Japan. Its first aim is to propose a number of criteria that are critical to support the primary contribution of epigenetics in DOHaD and intergenerational transmission of environmental stressors effects. The main criteria are the full characterization of the stressors, the actual window of exposure, the target tissue and function, the specificity of the epigenetic changes and the biological plausibility of the linkage between those changes and health outcomes. The second aim is to discuss long-term effects of a number of stressors such as smoking, air pollution and endocrine disruptors in order to identify the arguments supporting the involvement of an epigenetic mechanism. Based on the developed criteria, missing evidence and suggestions for future research will be identified. The third aim is to critically analyze the evidence supporting the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in intergenerational and transgenerational effects of environmental exposure and to particularly discuss the role of placenta and sperm. While the article is not a systematic review and is not meant to be exhaustive, it critically assesses the contribution of epigenetics in the long-term effects of environmental exposures as well as provides insight for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - E Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Sweden
| | - Z Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - J Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Experimental Genetics, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - M Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - A Puga
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - W Yan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA MS575; Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - K Audouze
- INSERM UMR-S973, Molécules Thérapeutiques in silico, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - R Slama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - J Heindel
- Program in Endocrine Disruption Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA, USA
| | - P Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - T Kawamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - K Nohara
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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1070
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Messerlian C, Mustieles V, Minguez-Alarcon L, Ford JB, Calafat AM, Souter I, Williams PL, Hauser R. Preconception and prenatal urinary concentrations of phenols and birth size of singleton infants born to mothers and fathers from the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 114:60-68. [PMID: 29477955 PMCID: PMC5899953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pregnancy concentrations of some phenols have been associated with infant size at birth, there is limited data on the effect of preconception exposure. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine paternal and maternal preconception and maternal prenatal urinary phenol concentrations in relation to birth weight and head circumference. METHODS We evaluated 346 singletons born to 346 mothers and 184 fathers (184 couples) from a prospective preconception cohort of subfertile couples from the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study in Boston, USA. We used multiple urine samples collected before the index pregnancy in both men and women to estimate mean preconception urinary benzophenone-3, triclosan, butylparaben, propylparaben, methylparaben, or ethylparaben concentrations. We also estimated mean maternal prenatal urinary phenol concentrations by averaging trimester-specific urine samples. Birth weight and head circumference were abstracted from delivery records. We estimated the association of natural log-phenol concentrations with birth outcomes using multivariable linear regression models, adjusting for known confounders. RESULTS In adjusted models, each log-unit increase in paternal preconception benzophenone-3 concentration was associated with a 137 g increase in birth weight (95% CI: 60, 214). Additional adjustment for prenatal benzophenone-3 concentration strengthened this association. None of the maternal preconception phenol concentrations were associated with birth weight. However, maternal prenatal triclosan concentrations were associated with a 38 g decrease in birth weight (95% CI: -76, 0). Few associations were observed between phenols and head circumference except for a decrease of 0.27 cm (95% CI: -54, 0) in relation to maternal preconception methylparaben concentration. CONCLUSIONS Although our findings should be interpreted in light of inherent study limitations, these results suggest potential evidence of associations between some paternal or maternal phenol concentrations and birth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Lidia Minguez-Alarcon
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Irene Souter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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1071
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Gore AC, Holley AM, Crews D. Mate choice, sexual selection, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Horm Behav 2018; 101:3-12. [PMID: 28888817 PMCID: PMC5845777 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Humans have disproportionately affected the habitat and survival of species through environmental contamination. Important among these anthropogenic influences is the proliferation of organic chemicals, some of which perturb hormone systems, the latter referred to as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are widespread in the environment and affect all levels of reproduction, including development of reproductive organs, hormone release and regulation through the life cycle, the development of secondary sexual characteristics, and the maturation and maintenance of adult physiology and behavior. However, what is not well-known is how the confluence of EDC actions on the manifestation of morphological and behavioral sexual traits influences mate choice, a process that requires the reciprocal evaluation of and/or acceptance of a sexual partner. Moreover, the outcomes of EDC-induced perturbations are likely to influence sexual selection; yet this has rarely been directly tested. Here, we provide background on the development and manifestation of sexual traits, reproductive competence, and the neurobiology of sexual behavior, and evidence for their perturbation by EDCs. Selection acts on individuals, with the consequences manifest in populations, and we discuss the implications for EDC contamination of these processes, and the future of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, USA.
| | - Amanda M Holley
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, College of Natural Sciences, USA
| | - David Crews
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Natural Sciences, USA.
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1072
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Przybyla J, Geldhof GJ, Smit E, Kile ML. A cross sectional study of urinary phthalates, phenols and perchlorate on thyroid hormones in US adults using structural equation models (NHANES 2007-2008). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 163:26-35. [PMID: 29426025 PMCID: PMC6451439 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomonitoring data shows that people are exposed to phthalates, phenols and perchlorates. Many of these compounds are endocrine disrupting compounds that affect thyroid hormone levels. Yet the effect of these compounds on thyroid hormone levels are often evaluated individually rather than as a mixture. Our objective was to examine the association between 11 urinary endocrine disrupting compounds and thyroid hormones using structural equation models. METHODS Using data from the National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey 2007-2008, we fit a latent variable utilizing urinary measurements of 9 compounds in females (perchlorate, bisphenol A, benzophenone-3, mono-2ethyl5carboxypentyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, mono(2ethyl5hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, and mono-isobutyl phthalate) and 8 compounds in males (without benzophenone-3). The association of the latent variable with serum thyroid hormones (Total T3, Total T4, and Thyroid Stimulating Hormones) was assessed in females (N = 710) and males (N = 850) over the age of 12 controlling for age, race, and urinary creatinine. RESULTS In males, urinary endocrine disrupting compound levels were negatively associated with thyroxine (β: -0.19, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): -0.31, -0.05). In females, urinary endocrine disrupting compound levels were positively associated with triiodothyronine serum concentrations (β: 0.09, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.21) however this association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional analysis provides additional evidence that environmental exposure to phthalates and phenols is associated with endocrine-related processes. Furthermore, these results suggested sex-specific differences in exposure to endocrine disrupting mixtures, and the exposure-response between endocrine disrupting mixtures and thyroid hormone levels. Specifically, higher exposure to a mixture of endocrine disrupting compounds was associated with lower levels of total T4 in males but not in females. While a structural methodological framework was used to assess these complex relationships, the cross sectional nature of this analysis limits causal inference and further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Przybyla
- School of Biological and Population Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - G John Geldhof
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Human Development and Family Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Ellen Smit
- School of Biological and Population Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Molly L Kile
- School of Biological and Population Health, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
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1073
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Bourguignon JP, Parent AS, Kleinjans JCS, Nawrot TS, Schoeters G, Van Larebeke N. Rationale for Environmental Hygiene towards global protection of fetuses and young children from adverse lifestyle factors. Environ Health 2018; 17:42. [PMID: 29685149 PMCID: PMC5914065 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulatory management of chemicals and toxicants in the EU addresses hundreds of different chemicals and health hazards individually, one by one. An issue is that, so far, the possible interactions among chemicals or hazards are not considered as such. Another issue is the anticipated delay of several decades before effective protection of public health by regulatory decisions due to a time consuming process. Prenatal and early postnatal life is highly vulnerable to environmental health hazards with lifelong consequences, and a priority period for reduction of exposure. There are some initiatives regarding recommendations for pregnant women aiming at protection against one or another category of health hazard, however not validated by intervention studies. HYPOTHESIS Here, we aim at strengthening the management of exposure to individual health hazards during pregnancy and lactation, with protective measures in a global strategy of Environmental Hygiene. We hypothesize that such a strategy could reduce both the individual effects of harmful agents in complex mixtures and the possible interactions among them. A panel of experts should develop and endorse implementable measures towards a protective behavior. Their application is meant to be preferably as a package of measures in order to maximize protection and minimize interactions in causing adverse effects. Testing our hypothesis requires biomonitoring studies and longitudinal evaluation of health endpoints in the offspring. Favorable effects would legitimate further action towards equal opportunity access to improved environmental health. CONCLUSION Environmental Hygiene is proposed as a global strategy aiming at effective protection of pregnant women, unborn children and infants against lifelong consequences of exposure to combinations of adverse lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Bourguignon
- Pediatric Endocrinology, CHU Liège, 600, rue de Gaillarmont, B-4032 Chênée, Belgium
- Neuroendocrinology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Tour 4 - 1er étage, 15 Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Simone Parent
- Pediatric Endocrinology, CHU Liège, 600, rue de Gaillarmont, B-4032 Chênée, Belgium
- Neuroendocrinology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Tour 4 - 1er étage, 15 Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jos C. S. Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Centre for Environment and Health, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Van Larebeke
- Department of Radiotherapy and Experimental Cancerology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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1074
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Velmurugan G, Swaminathan K, Veerasekar G, Purnell JQ, Mohanraj S, Dhivakar M, Avula AK, Cherian M, Palaniswami NG, Alexander T, Pradeep T. Metals in urine in relation to the prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes and atherosclerosis in rural India. Occup Environ Med 2018; 75:661-667. [PMID: 29674487 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are growing burdens in rural communities worldwide. We have observed a high prevalence of diabetes among rural farming communities in India and sought to evaluate the association of non-traditional risk factors, such as metals, with diabetes and other cardiometabolic risk factors in this community. METHODS Anthropometric measurements, chemistries and carotid intima-media thickness were determined in 865 participants of the Kovai Medical Center and Hospital-Nallampatti Non-Communicable Disease Study-I (KMCH-NNCD-I, 2015), a cross-sectional study conducted in a farming village in South India. Urinary metal levels were determined by inductively couped plasma-mass spectrometry analysis and corrected to urinary creatinine level. Statistical analyses were performed to study the association between urinary metal levels and clinical parameters. RESULTS 82.5% of the study population were involved in farming and high levels of toxic metals were detected in the synthetic fertilisers used in the study village. The prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes and atherosclerosis was 43.4%, 16.2% and 10.3%, respectively. On logistic regression analysis, no association of traditional risk factors such as body mass index, blood pressure and total cholesterol with disease conditions was observed, but urinary levels of metals such as arsenic, chromium, aluminium and zinc showed an association with diabetes, while arsenic and zinc showed an association with pre-diabetes and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a probable role of metals in the aetiology of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in rural communities. Identifying and eliminating the causes of increased levels of these environmental chemicals could have a beneficial impact on the burden of non-communicable diseases in rural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Velmurugan
- Department of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Swaminathan
- Department of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesh Veerasekar
- KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jonathan Q Purnell
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sundaresan Mohanraj
- KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Dhivakar
- Department of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anil Kumar Avula
- Department of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathew Cherian
- KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalla G Palaniswami
- KMCH Research Foundation, Kovai Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- Department of Chemistry, DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence in Water Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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1075
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Amato CM, Boyd M, Yang J, McCoy KA. Organizational effects of the antiandrogen, vinclozolin, on penis development in the mouse†. Biol Reprod 2018; 99:639-649. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ciro M Amato
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Morgan Boyd
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua Yang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Krista A McCoy
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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1076
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MOSH Syndrome (Male Obesity Secondary Hypogonadism): Clinical Assessment and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040474. [PMID: 29649106 PMCID: PMC5946259 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Male obesity secondary hypogonadism (MOSH) impairs fertility, sexual function, bone mineralization, fat metabolism, cognitive function, deteriorates muscle mass and alters body composition. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of dietary intervention and physical activity on the MOSH patient’s hormonal profile after a 10% weight loss compared to baseline. Fourteen male patients were enrolled. Hormonal, lipid, glycemic profiles and body composition were determined at baseline and after a 10% weight loss. Aging Male Symptoms Scale (AMS) and Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) were administered to patients in order to investigate hypogonadal symptoms and food addiction. Compared to baseline, a significant increase of Total Testosterone (TT) (300.2 ± 79.5 ng/dL vs. 408.3 ± 125.9 ng/dL, p = 0.002, 95% CI 26.8; 167.7) and a reduction of 17-Beta Estradiol level (48.3 ± 14.9 pg/mL vs. 39.2 ± 15.2 pg/mL, p = 0.049, 95% CI 3.1; 0.0) were observed. Total Fat Mass (FM) percentage, android and gynoid fat mass percentage (39.2 ± 6.4% vs. 36.2 ± 5.8%, p = 0.0001, 95% CI 22.5; 62.3; 51.5 ± 6.8% vs. 47.6 ± 6.8%, p = 0.001, 95% CI 0.6; 1.8, vs. 39.2 ± 6.2% vs. 36.5 ± 6.3% p = 0.0001, 95% CI 0.9; 2.0 respectively) were significantly decreased after nutritional intervention. In addition, total Fat Free Mass (FFM) in kg was significantly reduced after 10% weight loss (62.3 ± 2.8 kg vs. 60.3 ± 7.7 kg, p = 0.002, 95% CI 45.0; 93.0). Lifestyle changes, specifically dietotherapy and physical activity, induce positive effects on hypogonadism due to obesity.
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1077
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Binder AM, Corvalan C, Calafat AM, Ye X, Mericq V, Pereira A, Michels KB. Childhood and adolescent phenol and phthalate exposure and the age of menarche in Latina girls. Environ Health 2018; 17:32. [PMID: 29615064 PMCID: PMC5883544 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The age of menarche has been associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease, as well as cancer risk. The decline in menarcheal age over the past century may be partially attributable to increased exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). METHODS We assessed the influence of 26 phenol and phthalate biomarkers on the timing of menarche in a longitudinal cohort of Chilean girls. These EDCs were quantified in urine collected prior to the onset of breast development (Tanner 1; B1), and during adolescence (Tanner 4; B4). Multivariable accelerated failure time (AFT) models were used to analyze associations between biomarker concentrations and the age of menarche adjusting for body mass index (BMI) Z-score and maternal education, accounting for within-subject correlation. RESULTS Several biomarkers were significantly associated with the age at menarche; however, these associations were dependent on the timing of biomarker assessment. A log(ng/ml) increase in B1 concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate biomarkers was associated with later menarche (hazard ratio (HR): 0.77; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.98), whereas higher B1 concentrations of 2,5-dichlorophenol and benzophenone-3 were associated with earlier menarche (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.27; HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29, respectively). Elevated B4 concentrations of monomethyl phthalate were similarly associated with earlier menarche (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.53). The impact of monoethyl phthalate and triclosan concentrations on pubertal timing were significantly modified by BMI Z-score. Higher monoethyl phthalate and triclosan concentrations were associated with earlier menarche among overweight or obese girls, but not among those that were normal weight. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies modulation of sexual maturation by specific EDC biomarkers in Latina girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. Binder
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Camila Corvalan
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Xiaoyun Ye
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Verónica Mericq
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Pereira
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karin B. Michels
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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1078
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Acuña-Hernández DG, Arreola-Mendoza L, Santacruz-Márquez R, García-Zepeda SP, Parra-Forero LY, Olivares-Reyes JA, Hernández-Ochoa I. Bisphenol A alters oocyte maturation by prematurely closing gap junctions in the cumulus cell-oocyte complex. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 344:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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1079
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Sui Y, Park SH, Wang F, Zhou C. Perinatal Bisphenol A Exposure Increases Atherosclerosis in Adult Male PXR-Humanized Mice. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1595-1608. [PMID: 29425287 PMCID: PMC5939635 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a base chemical used extensively in numerous consumer products, and human exposure to BPA is ubiquitous. Higher BPA exposure has been associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in multiple human population-based studies. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the associations remain elusive. We previously reported that BPA activates the xenobiotic receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR), which has proatherogenic effects in animal models. Because BPA is a potent agonist for human PXR but does not affect rodent PXR activity, a suitable PXR-humanized apolipoprotein E-deficient (huPXR•ApoE-/-) mouse model was developed to study BPA's atherogenic effects. Chronic BPA exposure increased atherosclerosis in the huPXR•ApoE-/- mice. We report that BPA exposure can also activate human PXR signaling in the heart tubes of huPXR•ApoE-/- embryos, and perinatal BPA exposure exacerbated atherosclerosis in adult male huPXR•ApoE-/- offspring. However, atherosclerosis development in female offspring was not affected by perinatal BPA exposure. Perinatal BPA exposure did not affect plasma lipid levels but increased aortic and atherosclerotic lesional fatty acid transporter CD36 expression in male huPXR•ApoE-/- offspring. Mechanistically, PXR epigenetically regulated CD36 expression by increasing H3K4me3 levels and decreasing H3K27me3 levels in the CD36 promoter in response to perinatal BPA exposure. The findings from the present study contribute to our understanding of the association between BPA exposure and increased atherosclerosis or CVD risk in humans, and activation of human PXR should be considered for future BPA risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Sui
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Se-Hyung Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Correspondence: Changcheng Zhou, PhD, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone Street, #517, Lexington, Kentucky 40536. E-mail:
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1080
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Amin MM, Parastar S, Ebrahimpour K, Shoshtari-Yeganeh B, Hashemi M, Mansourian M, Kelishadi R. Association of urinary phthalate metabolites concentrations with body mass index and waist circumference. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11143-11151. [PMID: 29417479 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the association of urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in 2016 on 242 children and adolescents, aged 6-18 years living in Isfahan, Iran. Urinary concentration of mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono (2-ethyl-5-exohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono (2-ethyl-5hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) metabolites were determined. For comparison of means, t test and to evaluate the association of analytes in different groups according to weight ANOVA was used. The correlation was applied to determine the association between phthalate metabolites with age, sex, WC, BMI, and BMI z-score. The univariate and multivariate regression models were used to determine the association of metabolites concentration with BMI z-score and WC. Mean (SD) BMI, BMI z-score and WC were 23.89 (4.41) kg/m2, 1.37 (1.3), and 82.37 (12.71) cm, respectively. There was a significant correlation between boys' age with BMI z-score (p value = 0.03) and WC (p value = 0.01), while the corresponding figures were not statistically significant in girls (p value = 0.48, and 0.4, respectively). Of the total population, 37 participants (15.3%) were obese. MMP, MBP, and MBzP metabolites were observed in all samples while MEHP, MEOHP, and MEHHP in 99.6, 95.86, and 96.28% of the studied population. Mean concentration of MMP (64.38 μg/L) and MBzP (268 μg/L) had the lowest and highest concentrations of metabolites, respectively. A significant relationship was observed among all studied metabolites and weight groups (p value ≤ 0.02). After adjustment for potential confounders, all metabolites (except MMP) showed a low-to-moderate positive and significant relationship with BMI z-score (β = 0.17-0.3). A weak to moderate positive and significant relationship was observed between all phthalate metabolites and WC (β = 0.14-0.39). The concentration of phthalate metabolites was much higher in the population living in Isfahan-Iran than in some other populations, indicating a high exposure to contaminants. Therefore, further studies and preventive measures are required for improving the environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Parastar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Karim Ebrahimpour
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Shoshtari-Yeganeh
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Hashemi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 88671-85319, Iran.
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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1081
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Haggard DE, Noyes PD, Waters KM, Tanguay RL. Transcriptomic and phenotypic profiling in developing zebrafish exposed to thyroid hormone receptor agonists. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 77:80-93. [PMID: 29458080 PMCID: PMC5878140 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There continues to be a need to develop in vivo high-throughput screening (HTS) and computational methods to screen chemicals for interaction with the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid pathways and as complements to in vitro HTS assays. This study explored the utility of an embryonic zebrafish HTS approach to identify and classify endocrine bioactivity using phenotypically-anchored transcriptome profiling. Transcriptome analysis was conducted on zebrafish embryos exposed to 25 estrogen-, androgen-, or thyroid-active chemicals at concentrations that elicited adverse malformations or mortality at 120 h post-fertilization in 80% of animals exposed. Analysis of the top 1000 significant differentially expressed transcripts and developmental toxicity profiles across all treatments identified a unique transcriptional and phenotypic signature for thyroid hormone receptor agonists. This unique signature has the potential to be used as a tiered in vivo HTS and may aid in identifying chemicals that interact with the thyroid hormone receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derik E Haggard
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Pamela D Noyes
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; Current: National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
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1082
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Hiatt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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1083
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1084
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Webb E, Moon J, Dyrszka L, Rodriguez B, Cox C, Patisaul H, Bushkin S, London E. Neurodevelopmental and neurological effects of chemicals associated with unconventional oil and natural gas operations and their potential effects on infants and children. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 33:3-29. [PMID: 29068792 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (arsenic and manganese), particulate matter (PM), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been linked to significant neurodevelopmental health problems in infants, children and young adults. These substances are widely used in, or become byproducts of unconventional oil and natural gas (UOG) development and operations. Every stage of the UOG lifecycle, from well construction to extraction, operations, transportation and distribution can lead to air and water contamination. Residents near UOG operations can suffer from increased exposure to elevated concentrations of air and water pollutants. Here we focus on five air and water pollutants that have been associated with potentially permanent learning and neuropsychological deficits, neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological birth defects. Given the profound sensitivity of the developing brain and central nervous system, it is reasonable to conclude that young children who experience frequent exposure to these pollutants are at particularly high risk for chronic neurological diseases. More research is needed to understand the extent of these concerns in the context of UOG, but since UOG development has expanded rapidly in recent years, the need for public health prevention techniques, well-designed studies and stronger state and national regulatory standards is becoming increasingly apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Webb
- Center for Environmental Health, 2201 Broadway, Suite 302, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | | | - Larysa Dyrszka
- Physicians for Social Responsibility, Glen Spey, NY, USA
| | | | - Caroline Cox
- Center for Environmental Health, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Heather Patisaul
- North Carolina State University College of Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sheila Bushkin
- Institute for Health and the Environment, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Eric London
- Institute for Basic Research, New York, NY, USA
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1085
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Shaikh S, Jagai JS, Ashley C, Zhou S, Sargis RM. Underutilized and Under Threat: Environmental Policy as a Tool to Address Diabetes Risk. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:25. [PMID: 29582168 PMCID: PMC6360085 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-0993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes is a burgeoning threat to public health in the USA. Importantly, the burden of diabetes is not equally borne across society with marked disparities based on geography, race/ethnicity, and income. The etiology of global and population-specific diabetes risk remains incompletely understood; however, evidence linking environmental toxicants acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as particulate matter and arsenic, with diabetes suggests that environmental policies could play an important role in diabetes risk reduction. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence suggests that disproportionate exposures to EDCs may contribute to subgroup-specific diabetes risk; however, no federal policies regulate EDCs linked to diabetes based upon diabetogenic potential. Nevertheless, analyses of European Union data indicate that such regulation could reduce diabetes-associated costs and disease burden. Federal laws only regulate EDCs indirectly. The accumulating evidence linking these chemicals with diabetes risk should encourage policymakers to adopt stricter environmental standards that consider both health and economic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Shaikh
- Program on Global Environment, Social Science Collegiate Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jyotsna S Jagai
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Colette Ashley
- Harris School of Public Policy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shuhan Zhou
- Harris School of Public Policy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott; Suite E625, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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1086
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Glória S, Marques J, Feiteiro J, Marcelino H, Verde I, Cairrão E. Tributyltin role on the serotonin and histamine receptors in human umbilical artery. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 50:210-216. [PMID: 29580985 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Some studies in animals suggest that TBT may constitute a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hence, the main purpose of this study was to investigate in human umbilical artery (HUA) the effect of TBT on vascular reactivity, manly in serotonin (5-HT) and histamine receptors. Using standard organ bath techniques, rings of HUA without endothelium were contracted by 5-HT and histamine. We also investigated the effect of TBT on the expression of the receptors using Real-time PCR. The results show that TBT short term effects include concentration-dependent relaxation. Moreover, at long term exposures, the arteries treated with 100 μM of TBT do not have contraction capacity when 5-HT is added, and the gene expression of 5-HT2A receptor decrease. Regarding histamine, it was demonstrated that TBT induces a concentration-dependent relaxation and the H1 gene expression levels decrease. In conclusion TBT modifies the activity and expression of 5-HT and histamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Glória
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - João Marques
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Joana Feiteiro
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Helena Marcelino
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Verde
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrão
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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1087
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Bolden AL, Schultz K, Pelch KE, Kwiatkowski CF. Exploring the endocrine activity of air pollutants associated with unconventional oil and gas extraction. Environ Health 2018; 17:26. [PMID: 29558955 PMCID: PMC5861625 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction has rapidly proliferated throughout the United States (US) and the world. This occurred largely because of the development of directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing which allows access to fossil fuels from geologic formations that were previously not cost effective to pursue. This process is known to use greater than 1,000 chemicals such as solvents, surfactants, detergents, and biocides. In addition, a complex mixture of chemicals, including heavy metals, naturally-occurring radioactive chemicals, and organic compounds are released from the formations and can enter air and water. Compounds associated with UOG activity have been linked to adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes in humans and laboratory animal models, which is possibly due to the presence of endocrine active chemicals. METHODS Using systematic methods, electronic searches of PubMed and Web of Science were conducted to identify studies that measured chemicals in air near sites of UOG activity. Records were screened by title and abstract, relevant articles then underwent full text review, and data were extracted from the studies. A list of chemicals detected near UOG sites was generated. Then, the potential endocrine activity of the most frequently detected chemicals was explored via searches of literature from PubMed. RESULTS Evaluation of 48 studies that sampled air near sites of UOG activity identified 106 chemicals detected in two or more studies. Ethane, benzene and n-pentane were the top three most frequently detected. Twenty-one chemicals have been shown to have endocrine activity including estrogenic and androgenic activity and the ability to alter steroidogenesis. Literature also suggested that some of the air pollutants may affect reproduction, development, and neurophysiological function, all endpoints which can be modulated by hormones. These chemicals included aromatics (i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene), several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and mercury. CONCLUSION These results provide a basis for prioritizing future primary studies regarding the endocrine disrupting properties of UOG air pollutants, including exposure research in wildlife and humans. Further, we recommend systematic reviews of the health impacts of exposure to specific chemicals, and comprehensive environmental sampling of a broader array of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Bolden
- The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX), www.TEDX.org, Eckert, Colorado USA
| | - Kim Schultz
- The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX), www.TEDX.org, Eckert, Colorado USA
| | - Katherine E. Pelch
- The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX), www.TEDX.org, Eckert, Colorado USA
| | - Carol F. Kwiatkowski
- The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX), www.TEDX.org, Eckert, Colorado USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado USA
- Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina USA
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1088
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Kapelewska J, Kotowska U, Karpińska J, Kowalczuk D, Arciszewska A, Świrydo A. Occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of emerging organic contaminants in leachates, groundwaters and wastewaters. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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1089
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Harder L, Dudazy-Gralla S, Müller-Fielitz H, Hjerling Leffler J, Vennström B, Heuer H, Mittag J. Maternal thyroid hormone is required for parvalbumin neurone development in the anterior hypothalamic area. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12573. [PMID: 29377458 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) is crucial for brain development and function. This becomes most evident in untreated congenital hypothyroidism, leading to irreversible mental retardation. Likewise, maternal hypothyroxinaemia, a lack of TH during pregnancy, is associated with neurological dysfunction in the offspring, such as autism and reduced intellectual capacity. In the brain, TH acts mainly through TH receptor α1 (TRα1). Consequently, mice heterozygous for a dominant-negative mutation in TRα1 display profound neuroanatomical abnormalities including deranged development of parvalbumin neurones. However, the exact timing and orchestration of TH signalling during parvalbumin neurone development remains elusive. In the present study, we dissect the development of parvalbumin neurones in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) in male mice using different mouse models with impaired pre- and postnatal TH signalling in combination with bromodeoxyuridine birth dating and immunohistochemistry. Our data reveal that hypothalamic parvalbumin neurones are born at embryonic day 12 and are first detected in the AHA at postnatal day 8, reaching their full population number at P13. Interestingly, they do not require TH postnatally because their development is not impaired in mice with impaired TH signalling after birth. By contrast, however, these neurones crucially depend on TH through TRα1 signalling in the second half of pregnancy, when the hormone is almost exclusively provided by the mother. For the first time, our findings directly link a maternal hormone to a neuroanatomical substrate in the foetal brain, and underline the importance of proper TH signalling during pregnancy for offspring mental health. Given the role of hypothalamic parvalbumin neurones in the central control of blood pressure, the present study advocates the inclusion of cardiovascular parameters in the current discussion on possible TH substitution in maternal hypothyroxinaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Harder
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism CBBM/Medizinische Klinik I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - S Dudazy-Gralla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Müller-Fielitz
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism CBBM/Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Hjerling Leffler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Vennström
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Heuer
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Mittag
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism CBBM/Medizinische Klinik I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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1090
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Lee DH. Evidence of the Possible Harm of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Humans: Ongoing Debates and Key Issues. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:44-52. [PMID: 29589387 PMCID: PMC5874194 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has emerged that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can produce adverse effects, even at low doses that are assumed safe. However, systemic reviews and meta-analyses focusing on human studies, especially of EDCs with short half-lives, have demonstrated inconsistent results. Epidemiological studies have insuperable methodological limitations, including the unpredictable net effects of mixtures, non-monotonic dose-response relationships, the non-existence of unexposed groups, and the low reliability of exposure assessment. Thus, despite increases in EDC-linked diseases, traditional epidemiological studies based on individual measurements of EDCs in bio-specimens may fail to provide consistent results. The exposome has been suggested as a promising approach to address the uncertainties surrounding human studies, but it is never free from these methodological issues. Although exposure to EDCs during critical developmental periods is a major concern, continuous exposure to EDCs during non-critical periods is also harmful. Indeed, the evolutionary aspects of epigenetic programming triggered by EDCs during development should be considered because it is a key mechanism for developmental plasticity. Presently, living without EDCs is impossible due to their omnipresence. Importantly, there are lifestyles which can increase the excretion of EDCs or mitigate their harmful effects through the activation of mitohormesis or xenohormesis. Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions should be evaluated as practical ways against EDCs in the real world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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1091
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Kwak SH, Park KS. Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Koreans. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:9-16. [PMID: 29589384 PMCID: PMC5874201 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes is characterized by variable degrees of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Both genetic and environmental factors serve as etiologic factors. Recent genetic studies have identified at least 83 variants associated with diabetes. A significant number of these loci are thought to be involved in insulin secretion, either through β-cell development or β-cell dysfunction. Environmental factors have changed rapidly during the past half century, and the increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes can be attributed to these changes. Environmental factors may affect epigenetic changes and alter susceptibility to diabetes. A recent epidemiologic study revealed that Korean patients with type 2 diabetes already had impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance 10 years before the onset of diabetes. Those who developed diabetes showed impaired β-cell compensation with an abrupt decrease in insulin secretion during the last 2 years before diabetes developed. The retrograde trajectory of the disposition index differed according to the baseline subgroups of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. We hope that obtaining a more detailed understanding of the perturbations in the major pathophysiologic process of diabetes on the individual level will eventually lead to the implementation of precision medicine and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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1092
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Early life exposure to ethinylestradiol enhances subsequent responses to environmental estrogens measured in a novel transgenic zebrafish. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2699. [PMID: 29426849 PMCID: PMC5807302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen plays fundamental roles in a range of developmental processes and exposure to estrogen mimicking chemicals has been associated with various adverse health effects in both wildlife and human populations. Estrogenic chemicals are found commonly as mixtures in the environment and can have additive effects, however risk analysis is typically conducted for single-chemicals with little, or no, consideration given for an animal’s exposure history. Here we developed a transgenic zebrafish with a photoconvertable fluorophore (Kaede, green to red on UV light exposure) in a skin pigment-free mutant element (ERE)-Kaede-Casper model and applied it to quantify tissue-specific fluorescence biosensor responses for combinations of estrogen exposures during early life using fluorescence microscopy and image analysis. We identify windows of tissue-specific sensitivity to ethinylestradiol (EE2) for exposure during early-life (0–5 dpf) and illustrate that exposure to estrogen (EE2) during 0–48 hpf enhances responsiveness (sensitivity) to different environmental estrogens (EE2, genistein and bisphenol A) for subsequent exposures during development. Our findings illustrate the importance of an organism’s stage of development and estrogen exposure history for assessments on, and possible health risks associated with, estrogen exposure.
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1093
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Leso V, Fontana L, Marinaccio A, Leopold K, Fanali C, Lucchetti D, Sgambato A, Iavicoli I. Palladium nanoparticle effects on endocrine reproductive system of female rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:1069-1079. [PMID: 29405765 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118756722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The widespread industrial application of nanomaterials (NMs) has dramatically increased the likelihood of environmental and occupational exposure of humans to such xenobiotics. This issue, together with the increasing public health interest in understanding the effects of chemicals on endocrine system, encouraged to investigate the disruptive potential of NMs on the endocrine function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) on the female reproductive system of Wistar rats, intravenously exposed to different doses (0.12, 1.2, and 12 µg/kg), through the assessment of possible quantitative changes in the serum concentrations of several sex hormones. Our results demonstrated that the highest exposure doses significantly reduced the estradiol and testosterone concentrations, while increased the luteinizing hormone levels in treated animals compared to controls. Such alterations are indicative for an abnormal reproductive axis function. However, further investigations are needed to clarify the role of the different NP physicochemical properties in determining such effects, and possible underlining molecular mechanisms, as well as their relevance for the development of diseases in the female reproductive system. Overall, this may be helpful to define accurate risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of the general and occupational populations exposed to Pd-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Leso
- 1 Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Fontana
- 2 Institute of Public Health, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - A Marinaccio
- 3 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Unit of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority, Rome, Italy
| | - K Leopold
- 4 Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - C Fanali
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - D Lucchetti
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - A Sgambato
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - I Iavicoli
- 1 Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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1094
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Galloway TS, Baglin N, Lee BP, Kocur AL, Shepherd MH, Steele AM, Harries LW. An engaged research study to assess the effect of a 'real-world' dietary intervention on urinary bisphenol A (BPA) levels in teenagers. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018742. [PMID: 29431133 PMCID: PMC5829847 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bisphenol A (BPA) has been associated with adverse human health outcomes and exposure to this compound is near-ubiquitous in the Western world. We aimed to examine whether self-moderation of BPA exposure is possible by altering diet in a real-world setting. DESIGN An Engaged Research dietary intervention study designed, implemented and analysed by healthy teenagers from six schools and undertaken in their own homes. PARTICIPANTS A total of 94 students aged between 17 and 19 years from schools in the South West of the UK provided diet diaries and urine samples for analysis. INTERVENTION Researcher participants designed a set of literature-informed guidelines for the reduction of dietary BPA to be followed for 7 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Creatinine-adjusted urinary BPA levels were taken before and after the intervention. Information on packaging and food/drink ingested was used to calculate a BPA risk score for anticipated exposure. A qualitative analysis was carried out to identify themes addressing long-term sustainability of the diet. RESULTS BPA was detected in urine of 86% of participants at baseline at a median value of 1.22 ng/mL (IQR 1.99). No effect of the intervention diet on BPA levels was identified overall (P=0.25), but there was a positive association in those participants who showed a drop in urinary BPA concentration postintervention and their initial BPA level (P=0.003). Qualitative analysis identified themes around feelings of lifestyle restriction and the inadequacy of current labelling practices. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence in this self-administered intervention study that it was possible to moderate BPA exposure by diet in a real-world setting. Furthermore, our study participants indicated that they would be unlikely to sustain such a diet long term, due to the difficulty in identifying BPA-free foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara S Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nigel Baglin
- Research Projects, St Lukes campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Benjamin P Lee
- RNA-Mediated Disease Mechanisms Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Anna L Kocur
- RNA-Mediated Disease Mechanisms Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Maggie H Shepherd
- National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Medical School Building 03.11, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Anna M Steele
- National Institute for Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter National Health Service Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
- Medical School Building 03.11, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorna W Harries
- RNA-Mediated Disease Mechanisms Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
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1095
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Landrigan PJ, Fuller R, Acosta NJR, Adeyi O, Arnold R, Basu NN, Baldé AB, Bertollini R, Bose-O'Reilly S, Boufford JI, Breysse PN, Chiles T, Mahidol C, Coll-Seck AM, Cropper ML, Fobil J, Fuster V, Greenstone M, Haines A, Hanrahan D, Hunter D, Khare M, Krupnick A, Lanphear B, Lohani B, Martin K, Mathiasen KV, McTeer MA, Murray CJL, Ndahimananjara JD, Perera F, Potočnik J, Preker AS, Ramesh J, Rockström J, Salinas C, Samson LD, Sandilya K, Sly PD, Smith KR, Steiner A, Stewart RB, Suk WA, van Schayck OCP, Yadama GN, Yumkella K, Zhong M. The Lancet Commission on pollution and health. Lancet 2018; 391:462-512. [PMID: 29056410 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1692] [Impact Index Per Article: 282.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Landrigan
- Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | - Olusoji Adeyi
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Population Global Practice, The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robert Arnold
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Niladri Nil Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Roberto Bertollini
- Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks of the European Commission, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg; Office of the Minister of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | | | - Patrick N Breysse
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Chiles
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Maureen L Cropper
- Department of Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Resources for the Future, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andy Haines
- Department of Social and Environmental Health Research and Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - David Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mukesh Khare
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | | | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Bindu Lohani
- Centennial Group, Washington, DC, USA; The Resources Center, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Keith Martin
- Consortium of Universities for Global Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Karen V Mathiasen
- Office of the US Executive Director, The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Frederica Perera
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janez Potočnik
- UN International Resource Panel, Paris, France; SYSTEMIQ, London, UK
| | - Alexander S Preker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Health Investment & Financing Corporation, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Johan Rockström
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Leona D Samson
- Department of Biological Engineering and Department of Biology, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Peter D Sly
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kirk R Smith
- Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Achim Steiner
- Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard B Stewart
- Guarini Center on Environmental, Energy, and Land Use Law, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - William A Suk
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gautam N Yadama
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Kandeh Yumkella
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ma Zhong
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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1096
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Nadal A, Fuentes E, Ripoll C, Villar-Pazos S, Castellano-Muñoz M, Soriano S, Martinez-Pinna J, Quesada I, Alonso-Magdalena P. Extranuclear-initiated estrogenic actions of endocrine disrupting chemicals: Is there toxicology beyond paracelsus? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 176:16-22. [PMID: 28159674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs), including bisphenol-A (BPA) do not act as traditional toxic chemicals inducing massive cell damage or death in an unspecific manner. EDCs can work upon binding to hormone receptors, acting as agonists, antagonists or modulators. Bisphenol-A displays estrogenic activity and, for many years it has been classified as a weak estrogen, based on the classic transcriptional action of estrogen receptors serving as transcription factors. However, during the last two decades our knowledge about estrogen signaling has advanced considerably. It is now accepted that estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ activate signaling pathways outside the nucleus which may or may not involve transcription. In addition, a new membrane estrogen receptor, GPER, has been proposed. Pharmacological and molecular evidence, along with results obtained in genetically modified mice, demonstrated that BPA, and its substitute BPS, are potent estrogens acting at nanomolar concentrations via extranuclear ERα, ERβ, and GPER. The different signaling pathways activated by BPA and BPS explain the well-known estrogenic effects of low doses of EDCs as well as non-monotonic dose-response relationships. These signaling pathways may help to explain the actions of EDCs with estrogenic activity in the etiology of different pathologies, including type-2 diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Nadal
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Esther Fuentes
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Cristina Ripoll
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Sabrina Villar-Pazos
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Castellano-Muñoz
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Sergi Soriano
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Martinez-Pinna
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
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1097
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Stolz A, Schönfelder G, Schneider MR. Endocrine Disruptors: Adverse Health Effects Mediated by EGFR? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:69-71. [PMID: 29292062 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Although endocrine disruptors represent a serious concern to human health, the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to diseases such as cancer remain poorly understood. Recent work has uncovered the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a possible mediator of these adverse health effects, with important implications for the role of endocrine disruptors in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailine Stolz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilbert Schönfelder
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany.
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1098
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Kirkley AG, Carmean CM, Ruiz D, Ye H, Regnier SM, Poudel A, Hara M, Kamau W, Johnson DN, Roberts AA, Parsons PJ, Seino S, Sargis RM. Arsenic exposure induces glucose intolerance and alters global energy metabolism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 314:R294-R303. [PMID: 29118024 PMCID: PMC5867677 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00522.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are recognized as potential contributors to metabolic disease pathogenesis. One such pollutant, arsenic, contaminates the drinking water of ~100 million people globally and has been associated with insulin resistance and diabetes in epidemiological studies. Despite these observations, the precise metabolic derangements induced by arsenic remain incompletely characterized. In the present study, the impact of arsenic on in vivo metabolic physiology was examined in 8-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice exposed to 50 mg/l inorganic arsenite in their drinking water for 8 wk. Glucose metabolism was assessed via in vivo metabolic testing, and feeding behavior was analyzed using indirect calorimetry in metabolic cages. Pancreatic islet composition was assessed via immunofluorescence microscopy. Arsenic-exposed mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance compared with controls; however, no difference in peripheral insulin resistance was noted between groups. Instead, early insulin release during glucose challenge was attenuated relative to the rise in glycemia. Despite decreased insulin secretion, pancreatic β-cell mass was not altered, suggesting that arsenic primarily disrupts β-cell function. Finally, metabolic cage analyses revealed that arsenic exposure induced novel alterations in the diurnal rhythm of food intake and energy metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest that arsenic exposure impairs glucose tolerance through functional impairments in insulin secretion from β-cells rather than by augmenting peripheral insulin resistance. Further elucidation of the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced behavioral and β-cell-specific metabolic disruptions will inform future intervention strategies to address this ubiquitous environmental contaminant and novel diabetes risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Kirkley
- Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christopher M Carmean
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - Daniel Ruiz
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Honggang Ye
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shane M Regnier
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ananta Poudel
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Manami Hara
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
- University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Austin A Roberts
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, New York
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, New York
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, New York
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, New York
| | - Susumu Seino
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Kobe , Japan
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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1099
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Quintana-Belmares RO, Krais AM, Esfahani BK, Rosas-Pérez I, Mucs D, López-Marure R, Bergman Å, Alfaro-Moreno E. Phthalate esters on urban airborne particles: Levels in PM 10 and PM 2.5 from Mexico City and theoretical assessment of lung exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:439-445. [PMID: 29216490 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from the environment are associated with reproductive abnormalities (i.e. decreased sperm concentration; increased endometriosis) and alterations of the cardiovascular system (i.e. increased blood pressure and risk of coronary disease). Some phthalates esters have been identified as EDCs, for which inhalation is considered as one of the routes of exposure. However, only little is known regarding inhalational exposure to EDCs via urban airborne particles. In the present study, we report the monthly concentration of 8 phthalate esters measured in PM10 and PM2.5 collected and recovered during 7 months in a highly populated area of Mexico City. Using the levels of PM10 and PM2.5 reported by the automatized network of environmental monitoring of Mexico City for the sampling site, we estimated exposure levels for people of different ages and gender. Two endocrine disrupting compounds, the phthalate esters DEHP and DnBP, were found on the particles in higher concentrations during the warmer months of the year. The highest concentration was reported for DEHP (229.7μg/g of particles) in PM2.5 collected in May 2013. After calculations of the DEHP concentration in the atmosphere, and using the respiratory flow rate, we determined males were potentially exposed to larger quantities of DEHP, reaching up to 18ng/8h in April 2013. Despite the concentrations of phthalates seem to be rather small, a comprehensive characterization of its presence is necessary in order to evaluate the overall exposure to these compounds, providing a clear view of exposure on children, adolescents and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Omar Quintana-Belmares
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico
| | - Annette M Krais
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Bahare Kourangi Esfahani
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden; Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Irma Rosas-Pérez
- Aerobiology Laboratory, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Daniel Mucs
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico
| | - Åke Bergman
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Ernesto Alfaro-Moreno
- Swetox, Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Toxicology Sciences, Forskargatan 20, SE-151 36 Södertälje, Sweden.
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1100
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review summarizes recent epidemiologic data demonstrating the effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) on the timing of puberty and highlights the complexity of understanding the interplay of environmental and genetic factors on pubertal timing. RECENT FINDINGS In girls, there have been mixed results, with some exposures being associated with earlier timing of puberty, and some with later puberty. In boys, prepubertal exposures to nondioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls accelerate puberty, whereas levels of insecticides, dioxin-like compounds, organochlorine pesticides, and lead delay puberty. SUMMARY The effects of EDCs on pubertal timing are sexually dimorphic, compound specific, and varies according to the window of exposure. These studies confirm that low-level exposures to a mix of environmental compounds may mask the effects of individual compounds and complicate our ability to translate data from animal studies to human health and to fully understand the clinical implications of environmental epidemiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary M Lee
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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