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Kasahara N, Teratani T, Yokota S, Sakuma Y, Sasanuma H, Fujimoto Y, Ijichi T, Urahashi T, Yoshitomi H, Kitayama J, Sata N. Dietary polyamines promote intestinal adaptation in an experimental model of short bowel syndrome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4605. [PMID: 38409241 PMCID: PMC10897130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal adaptation does not necessarily recover absorptive capacity in short bowel syndrome (SBS), sometimes resulting in intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). Additionally, its therapeutic options remain limited. Polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are known as one of the autophagy inducers and play important roles in promoting the weaning process; however, their impact on intestinal adaptation is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of polyamines ingestion on adaptation and hepatic lipid metabolism in SBS. We performed resection of two-thirds of the small intestine in male Lewis rats as an SBS model. They were allocated into three groups and fed different polyamine content diets (0%, 0.01%, 0.1%) for 30 days. Polyamines were confirmed to distribute to remnant intestine, whole blood, and liver. Villous height and number of Ki-67-positive cells in the crypt area increased with the high polyamine diet. Polyamines increased secretory IgA and mucin content in feces, and enhanced tissue Claudin-3 expression. In contrast, polyamines augmented albumin synthesis, mitochondrial DNA copy number, and ATP storage in the liver. Moreover, polyamines promoted autophagy flux and activated AMP-activated protein kinase with suppression of lipogenic gene expression. Polyamines ingestion may provide a new therapeutic option for SBS with IFALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kasahara
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Takumi Teratani
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
| | | | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hideki Sasanuma
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujimoto
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ijichi
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Taizen Urahashi
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
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de Luna Freire MO, Cruz Neto JPR, de Albuquerque Lemos DE, de Albuquerque TMR, Garcia EF, de Souza EL, de Brito Alves JL. Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains as Novel Probiotic Candidates to Promote Host Health Benefits and Development of Biotherapeutics: A Comprehensive Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10235-1. [PMID: 38393628 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Fruits and their processing by-products are sources of potentially probiotic strains. Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum strains isolated from fruit processing by-products have shown probiotic-related properties. This review presents and discusses the results of the available studies that evaluated the probiotic properties of L. fermentum in promoting host health benefits, their application by the food industry, and the development of biotherapeutics. The results showed that administration of L. fermentum for 4 to 8 weeks promoted host health benefits in rats, including the modulation of gut microbiota, improvement of metabolic parameters, and antihypertensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. The results also showed the relevance of L. fermentum strains for application in the food industry and for the formulation of novel biotherapeutics, especially nutraceuticals. This review provides evidence that L. fermentum strains isolated from fruit processing by-products have great potential for promoting host health and indicate the need for a translational approach to confirm their effects in humans using randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaelle Oliveira de Luna Freire
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I-Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - José Patrocínio Ribeiro Cruz Neto
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I-Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Estefânia Fernandes Garcia
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I-Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Evandro Leite de Souza
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I-Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I-Jd. Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.
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103
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Ren D, Ding M, Su J, Ye J, He X, Zhang Y, Shang X. Stachyose in combination with L. rhamnosus GG ameliorates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction through alleviating inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:505-519. [PMID: 38211833 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
High altitude is closely related to intestinal mucosal damage and intestinal microbiota imbalance, and there is currently no effective prevention and treatment measures. In this study, the effects of stachyose (STA), L. rhamnosus GG (LGG) and their combination on inflammatory response, oxidatve stress and intestinal barrier function in mice exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia were investigated. Our results indicated the combination of STA and LGG could more effectively regulate intestinal microbiota disorders caused by hypobaric hypoxia than STA or LGG alone. When mice were administered with STA + LGG, the content of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) especially butyric acid significantly increased, which helped intestinal cells to form tight connections, improve the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px), and decrease the expression of pro-inlammatory cytokines and hypoxia-inducing factors (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and HIF-1α), thereby enhance the strong intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, the synbiotics significantly reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, while significantly increased the relative abundance of Rikenella, Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Ruminiclostridium_5 and Gordonibacter, which were correlated with production of SCFAs and anti-inflammatory role. Correlation analysis showed that the protective effect of synbiotics on intestinal barrier function was associated with its anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant capacity. It provided a strong foundation for further research on the role of STA and LGG in maintaining normal intestinal function at high altitude. Our study has identified and demonstrated a new synbiotic that may be one of the ideal intervention measures for preventing and treating intestinal dysfunction at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingxin Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mengying Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junqing Su
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- No. 889, Xi'an Institute for Food and Drug, Cangtai West Road, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710700, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China.
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104
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Mahbub NU, Islam MM, Hong ST, Chung HJ. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its effect on α-synuclein and prion protein misfolding: consequences for neurodegeneration. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1348279. [PMID: 38435303 PMCID: PMC10904658 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1348279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal behavior of α-synuclein and prion proteins is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion illnesses, respectively, being complex neurological disorders. A primary cause of protein aggregation, brain injury, and cognitive loss in prion illnesses is the misfolding of normal cellular prion proteins (PrPC) into an infectious form (PrPSc). Aggregation of α-synuclein causes disruptions in cellular processes in Parkinson's disease (PD), leading to loss of dopamine-producing neurons and motor symptoms. Alteration in the composition or activity of gut microbes may weaken the intestinal barrier and make it possible for prions to go from the gut to the brain. The gut-brain axis is linked to neuroinflammation; the metabolites produced by the gut microbiota affect the aggregation of α-synuclein, regulate inflammation and immunological responses, and may influence the course of the disease and neurotoxicity of proteins, even if their primary targets are distinct proteins. This thorough analysis explores the complex interactions that exist between the gut microbiota and neurodegenerative illnesses, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion disorders. The involvement of the gut microbiota, a complex collection of bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses etc., in various neurological illnesses is becoming increasingly recognized. The gut microbiome influences neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter synthesis, mitochondrial function, and intestinal barrier integrity through the gut-brain axis, which contributes to the development and progression of disease. The review delves into the molecular mechanisms that underlie these relationships, emphasizing the effects of microbial metabolites such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in regulating brain functioning. Additionally, it looks at how environmental influences and dietary decisions affect the gut microbiome and whether they could be risk factors for neurodegenerative illnesses. This study concludes by highlighting the critical role that the gut microbiota plays in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and prion disease. It also provides a promising direction for future research and possible treatment approaches. People afflicted by these difficult ailments may find hope in new preventive and therapeutic approaches if the role of the gut microbiota in these diseases is better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Uddin Mahbub
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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105
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Wang R, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Gooneratne R, Li J. Integrated microbiome, metabolome and transcriptome profiling reveals the beneficial effects of fish oil and Bacillus subtilis jzxj-7 on mouse gut ecosystem. Food Funct 2024; 15:1655-1670. [PMID: 38251410 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04213h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The effects of fish oil (FO) and Bacillus subtilis jzxj-7 (JZXJ-7) on the colonic physiology, bacteria, metabolites, and gene expressions were studied in C57BL/6J mice. Co-administration of FO and JZXJ-7 was more beneficial than individual supplementation, as evidenced by improved growth performance, enhanced colon crypt depth and goblet cell numbers. FO + JZXJ-7 inhibited colonic fibrosis by downregulating fibrosis marker protein expression and upregulating occludin, claudin-2 and claudin-4 gene expressions. FO + JZXJ-7 ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation by increasing catalase, superoxide dismutase, total anti-oxidation capacity, and reducing colon tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels. Mechanistically, FO + JZXJ-7 modulated the colon micro-ecological environment by enriching Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4, Faecalibaculum and Lactococcus and its derived short-chain fatty acids, and activating Ppara and Car1 mediated peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling. Overall, FO + JZXJ-7 may serve as a promising nutraceutical to improve health by boosting the growth of colonic beneficial bacteria, altering metabolic phenotype, and regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yijia Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China
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106
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Zhou J, Zhang X, Xie Z, Li Z. Exploring reciprocal causation: bidirectional mendelian randomization study of gut microbiota composition and thyroid cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:75. [PMID: 38308705 PMCID: PMC10838232 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While an association between gut microbiota composition and thyroid cancer (TC) has been observed, the directionality and causality of this relationship remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal effect between gut microbiota composition and TC. Gut microbiota data were derived from a diverse population encompassing various ethnicities (n = 18,340 samples), while TC data were sourced from an European population (n = 218,792 samples). Instrumental variables, represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), were employed to assess the causal relationship using multiple MR methods, including inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and simple mode. F-statistics and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings. RESULTS Our investigation identified a comprehensive set of 2934 instrumental variables significantly linked to gut microbiota composition (p < 1 × 10-5). The analysis illuminated notable candidates within the phylum Euryarchaeota, including families Christensenellaceae and Victivallaceae, and genera Methanobrevibacter, Ruminococcus2, and Subdoligranulum, which emerged as potential risk factors for TC. On the other hand, a protective influence against TC was attributed to class Betaproteobacteria, family FamilyXI, and genera Anaerofilum, Odoribacter, and Sutterella, alongside order Burkholderiales. Further enhancing our insights, the integration of 7 instrumental variables from TC data (p < 1 × 10-5) disclosed the regulatory potential of one family and five genera. Notably, the genus Coprobacter innocuum group (p = 0.012, OR = 0.944) exhibited the highest probability of regulation. Our meticulous analyses remained free from significant bias, heterogeneity, or horizontal pleiotropy concerns. CONCLUSION Through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization approach, we elucidated a potential bidirectional causal relationship between gut microbiota composition and TC. Specific microbial taxa were associated with an increased risk or conferred protection against TC. These findings advance our understanding of the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and TC pathogenesis, offering new insights into the therapeutic potential of modulating the gut microbiota for managing TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiating Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of Hunan, The General Surgery Department, No.427, Section 3, Furong Middle Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilan Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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107
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Peled S, Freilich S, Hanani H, Kashi Y, Livney YD. Next-generation prebiotics: Maillard-conjugates of 2'-fucosyllactose and lactoferrin hydrolysates beneficially modulate gut microbiome composition and health promoting activity in a murine model. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113830. [PMID: 38225111 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Current prebiotics are predominantly carbohydrates. However, great competition exists among gut microbes for the scarce protein in the colon, as most consumed protein is digested and absorbed in the small intestine. Herein we evaluated in-vivo novel next-generation prebiotics: protein-containing-prebiotics, for selectively-targeted delivery of protein to colonic probiotics, to boost their growth. This system is based on micellar-particles, composed of Maillard-glycoconjugates of 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL, human-milk-oligosaccharide) shell, engulfing lactoferrin peptic-then-tryptic hydrolysate (LFH) core. This core-shell structure lowers protein-core digestibility, while the prebiotic glycans are hypothesized to serve as molecular-recognition ligands for selectively targeting probiotics. To study the efficacy of this novel prebiotic, we fed C57BL/6JRccHsd mice with either 2'-FL-LFH Maillard-glycoconjugates, unconjugated components (control), or saline (blank). Administration of 2'-FL-LFH significantly increased the levels of short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFAs)-producing bacterial families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae) and genus (Odoribacter) and the production of the health-related metabolites, SCFAs, compared to the unconjugated components and to saline. The SCFAs-producing genus Prevotella significantly increased upon 2'-FL-LFH consumption, compared to only moderate increase in the unconjugated components. Interestingly, the plasma-levels of inflammation-inducing lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which indicate increased gut-permeability, were significantly lower in the 2'-FL-LFH group compared to the unconjugated-components and the saline groups. We found that Maillard-glycoconjugates of 2'-FL-LFH can serve as novel protein-containing prebiotics, beneficially modulating gut microbial composition and its metabolic activity, thereby contributing to host health more effectively than the conventional carbohydrate-only prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stav Peled
- Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shay Freilich
- Laboratory of Applied Genomics, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hila Hanani
- Laboratory of Applied Genomics, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yechezkel Kashi
- Laboratory of Applied Genomics, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yoav D Livney
- Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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108
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Roach J, Mital R, Haffner JJ, Colwell N, Coats R, Palacios HM, Liu Z, Godinho JLP, Ness M, Peramuna T, McCall LI. Microbiome metabolite quantification methods enabling insights into human health and disease. Methods 2024; 222:81-99. [PMID: 38185226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Many of the health-associated impacts of the microbiome are mediated by its chemical activity, producing and modifying small molecules (metabolites). Thus, microbiome metabolite quantification has a central role in efforts to elucidate and measure microbiome function. In this review, we cover general considerations when designing experiments to quantify microbiome metabolites, including sample preparation, data acquisition and data processing, since these are critical to downstream data quality. We then discuss data analysis and experimental steps to demonstrate that a given metabolite feature is of microbial origin. We further discuss techniques used to quantify common microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), secondary bile acids (BAs), tryptophan derivatives, N-acyl amides and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Lastly, we conclude with challenges and future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod Roach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Rohit Mital
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma
| | - Jacob J Haffner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma; Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma
| | - Nathan Colwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Randy Coats
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Horvey M Palacios
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma; Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma
| | - Zongyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | | | - Monica Ness
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Thilini Peramuna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma
| | - Laura-Isobel McCall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma; Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University.
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109
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Zhao Y, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Fu Z, Jin T, Song J, Huang Y, Zhao C, Wang M. Bile acids metabolism involved in the beneficial effects of Danggui Shaoyao San via gut microbiota in the treatment of CCl 4 induced hepatic fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117383. [PMID: 37925004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) first recorded in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. DSS has proven efficacy in treating hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the effects and mechanisms of DSS on HF are not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of DSS on HF via gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS HF rats were induced with CCl4 and treated with DSS. Firstly, the therapeutic efficacy of DSS in HF rats and the protection of gut barrier were assessed. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted fecal metabolomics preliminarily explored the mechanism of DSS in treating HF, and identified different microbiota and metabolic pathways. Finally, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR were used to further validate the mechanism of DSS for HF based on the metabolism of SCFAs and BAs. RESULTS After 8 weeks of administration, DSS significantly reduced the degree of HF. In addition, DSS alleviated inflammation in the ileum and reduced the levels of LPS and D-lactate. Furthermore, DSS altered the structure of gut microbiota, especially Veillonella, Romboutsia, Monoglobus, Parabacteroides, norank_f_Coriobacteriales_Incertae_Sedis. These bacteria have been linked to the production of SCFAs and the metabolism of BAs. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that DSS may play a role via BAs metabolism. Subsequently, targeted metabolomics and RT-qPCR further confirmed the key role of DSS in increasing SCFAs levels and regulating BAs metabolism. CONCLUSIONS DSS can alleviate CCl4-induced HF and protect the gut barrier. DSS may exert its beneficial effects on HF by affecting the gut microbiota and its metabolites (SCFAs, BAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zixuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tong Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxi Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yihe Huang
- School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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110
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Tong T, Guo J, Wu Y, Sharma D, Sangar M, Sangpreecha N, Song D, Unno T, Ham KS, Kang SG. Dietary supplementation of ark clams protects gut health and modifies gut microbiota in d-galactose-induced aging rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:675-685. [PMID: 37653259 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ark clams, a seafood abundant in various nutrients, are widely consumed worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the protective benefits of two common ark clams in Korea, Scapharca subcrenata (SS) and Tegillarca granosa (TG), on gut health in d-galactose (d-gal)-induced aging rats. RESULTS Thirty-two Wistar rats (11 weeks old) were randomly allocated into four groups: a CON group (normal diet + saline intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection), a CD group (normal diet + d-gal i.p. injection), an SS group (normal diet with 5% SS supplementation + d-gal i.p. injection), and a TG group (normal diet with 5% TG supplementation + d-gal i.p. injection). After 12 weeks of treatment, histopathological results showed that gut barrier damage was alleviated in rats of the SS and TG groups, as evidenced by increases in mucus layer thickness and goblet cell numbers. Meanwhile, the two groups supplemented with ark clams showed an evident reduction in oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content levels in the colon) and an increase in the immune-related factor (immunoglobulin A level in the plasma) in rats. The 16S ribosomal RNA analysis revealed that SS and TG ark clams significantly increased the proliferations of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level and Parabacteroides at the genus level. Additionally, the levels of the three main short-chain fatty acids in the cecal contents were also significantly increased in the SS and TG groups. CONCLUSION Our results indicated a potent preventive effect of SS and TG ark clams on d-gal-induced gut injury, suggesting that ark clams may be a promising dietary component for intervening in aging. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PR China, Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Jingya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
- College of Marxism, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, China
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Madhuri Sangar
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Neeracha Sangpreecha
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Song
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Ham
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
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111
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Yao Y, Liu Y, Xu Q, Mao L. Short Chain Fatty Acids: Essential Weapons of Traditional Medicine in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:379. [PMID: 38257292 PMCID: PMC10818876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease, mainly including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In recent years, the incidence and prevalence of IBD have been on the rise worldwide and have become a significant concern of health and a huge economic burden on patients. The occurrence and development of IBD involve a variety of pathogenic factors. The changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of this disease. SCFAs are important metabolites in the intestinal microbial environment, which are closely involved in regulating immune, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. Changes in metabolite levels can reflect the homeostasis of the intestinal microflora. Recent studies have shown that SCFAs provide energy for host cells and intestinal microflora, shape the intestinal environment, and regulate the immune system, thereby regulating intestinal physiology. SCFAs can effectively reduce the incidence of enteritis, cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, obesity, and diabetes, and also play an important role in maintaining the balance of energy metabolism (mainly glucose metabolism) and improving insulin tolerance. In recent years, many studies have shown that numerous decoctions and natural compounds of traditional Chinese medicine have shown promising therapeutic activities in multiple animal models of colitis and thus attracted increasing attention from scientists in the study of IBD treatment. Some of these traditional Chinese medicines or compounds can effectively alleviate colonic inflammation and clinical symptoms by regulating the generation of SCFAs. This study reviews the effects of various traditional Chinese medicines or bioactive substances on the production of SCFAs and their potential impacts on the severity of colonic inflammation. On this basis, we discussed the mechanism of SCFAs in regulating IBD-associated inflammation, as well as the related regulatory factors and signaling pathways. In addition, we provide our understanding of the limitations of current research and the prospects for future studies on the development of new IBD therapies by targeting SCFAs. This review may widen our understanding of the effect of traditional medicine from the view of SCFAs and their role in alleviating IBD animal models, thus contributing to the studies of IBD researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
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112
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Chen L, Yin Z, Zhou D, Li X, Yu C, Luo C, Jin Y, Zhang L, Song J, Rasche L, Einsele H, Tu L, Zhou X, Bai T, Hou X. Lymphocyte and neutrophil count combined with intestinal bacteria abundance predict the severity of COVID-19. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0302723. [PMID: 38088542 PMCID: PMC10783053 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03027-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients had a unique profile of gut bacteria. In this study, we characterized the intestinal bacteria in our COVID-19 cohorts and found that there was an increased incidence of severe cases in COVID-19 patients with decreased lymphocytes and increased neutrophils. Levels of lymphocytes and neutrophils and abundances of intestinal bacteria correlated with the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuying Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Ultrasonic Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Leo Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lei Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tao Bai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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113
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Olaniyi KS, Areloegbe SE, Fiemotongha FE. Cardiac energy depletion in a rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome is reversed by acetate and associated with inhibitory effect of HDAC2/mTOR. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176243. [PMID: 38048978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the clinical manifestation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), life-threatening diseases, especially hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are emerging critical complications of PCOS. Changes in cardiac energy remains an independent risk factor of CVD. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, including acetate has received attention for its beneficial role in energy regulation. Herein we hypothesized that acetate improves cardiac energy homeostasis in experimentally induced PCOS. Female Wistar rats (8-week-old) were divided into groups. To induce PCOS, 1 mg/kg of letrozole was given for 21 days. After confirmation of PCOS, acetate (200 mg/kg) was administered for 6 weeks. Rats with PCOS showed multiple ovarian cysts with androgen excess and decreased SHBG. The rats also manifested impaired glucose tolerance/hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Increased systemic oxidative stress (malondialdehyde)/inflammatory (NF-kB/SDF-1) markers and nitric oxide deficiency (NO/eNOS) were observed. Though, the body weight was increased without affecting the cardiac mass index of PCOS rats. Nevertheless, there was an increase in cardiac triglyceride and oxidative stress/inflammatory markers with consequent cardiac injury, revealed by decreased levels of SIRT-1/HIF-1α and increased levels of CTGF/TGFβ-1 and plasma troponin T. These led to cardiac ATP depletion with increased AMP and AMP/ATP ratio. These alterations were accompanied by elevated levels of mTOR and HDAC2, which were reversed when treated with acetate. The present results interestingly suggest that HDAC2 inhibition by acetate reversed cardiac energy depletion and attendant cardiomorbidities in experimental PCOS model. A beneficial effect that is accompanied by suppressed expression of mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Cardio/Endo-metabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Stephanie E Areloegbe
- Cardio/Endo-metabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria
| | - Faustina E Fiemotongha
- Cardio/Endo-metabolic and Microbiome Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360101, Nigeria
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114
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Zhu L, Jian X, Zhou B, Liu R, Muñoz M, Sun W, Xie L, Chen X, Peng C, Maurer M, Li J. Gut microbiota facilitate chronic spontaneous urticaria. Nat Commun 2024; 15:112. [PMID: 38168034 PMCID: PMC10762022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) comes with gut dysbiosis, but its relevance remains elusive. Here we use metagenomics sequencing and short-chain fatty acids metabolomics and assess the effects of human CSU fecal microbial transplantation, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Roseburia hominis, and metabolites in vivo. CSU gut microbiota displays low diversity and short-chain fatty acids production, but high gut Klebsiella pneumoniae levels, negatively correlates with blood short-chain fatty acids levels and links to high disease activity. Blood lipopolysaccharide levels are elevated, link to rapid disease relapse, and high gut levels of conditional pathogenic bacteria. CSU microbiome transfer and Klebsiella pneumoniae transplantation facilitate IgE-mediated mast cell(MC)-driven skin inflammatory responses and increase intestinal permeability and blood lipopolysaccharide accumulation in recipient mice. Transplantation of Roseburia hominis and caproate administration protect recipient mice from MC-driven skin inflammation. Here, we show gut microbiome alterations, in CSU, may reduce short-chain fatty acids and increase lipopolysaccharide levels, respectively, and facilitate MC-driven skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Furong Labratory, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingxing Jian
- Bioinformatics Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bingjing Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Furong Labratory, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runqiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Melba Muñoz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wan Sun
- BGI, Complex building, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Xie
- Bioinformatics Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Furong Labratory, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Furong Labratory, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Furong Labratory, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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115
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Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Natural Products as Dietary Agents for the Prevention and Mitigation of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in the Intestinal Barrier. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:65. [PMID: 38247489 PMCID: PMC10812469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake is a basic need to sustain life, but foodborne pathogens and food-related xenobiotics are also the main health concerns regarding intestinal barrier homeostasis. With a predominant role in the well-being of the entire human body, intestinal barrier homeostasis is strictly regulated by epithelial and immune cells. These cells are also the main intervenients in oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases in the intestinal tract, triggered, for example, by genetic/epigenetic factors, food additives, pesticides, drugs, pathogens, and their metabolites. Nevertheless, the human diet can also be seen as a solution for the problem, mainly via the inclusion of functional foods or nutraceuticals that may act as antioxidant/anti-inflammatory agents to prevent and mitigate acute and chronic oxidative damage and inflammation. A literature analysis of recent advances in this topic highlights the significant role of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) pathways in these biological processes, with many natural products and phytochemicals targeting endogenous antioxidant systems and cytokine production and balance. In this review, we summarized and discussed studies using in vitro and in vivo models of the intestinal tract used to reproduce oxidative damage and inflammatory events, as well as the role of natural products as modulators of Nrf2 and NK-kB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4gro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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116
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Nie Q, Hu J, Li Y, Shi Z, Ji H, Zhang H, Zhao M, Chen C, Nie S. Effects of four food hydrocolloids on colitis and their regulatory effect on gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121368. [PMID: 37940266 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocolloids are important food additives and have potential regulatory effects on gut microbiota. The development of colitis is closely related to changes in gut microbiota. The effect of food hydrocolloids on the structure of the gut microbiota and their impact on colitis has not been well investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of four hydrocolloids (carrageenan, guar gum, xanthan gum, and pectin) on colitis, and explored their regulatory effects on gut microbiota. The results indicated that pectin and guar effectively alleviated body weight loss and disease activity index, reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, and promoted short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. They increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Oscillospira, and Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia abundance had a negative correlation with the severity of colitis. In contrast, carrageenan and xanthan gum did not significantly improve colitis, and carrageenan reduced the production of SCFAs. Both carrageenan and xanthan gum increased the abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, and Ruminococcus abundance was positively correlated with the severity of colitis. These findings suggest that food additives have an impact on host health and provide guidance for the diet of patients with colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zefu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingjiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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117
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Pandey H, Jain D, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut microbiota in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease. Intest Res 2024; 22:15-43. [PMID: 37935653 PMCID: PMC10850697 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2023.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease, which is thought to be an interplay between genetic, environment, microbiota, and immune-mediated factors. Dysbiosis in the gut microbial composition, caused by antibiotics and diet, is closely related to the initiation and progression of IBD. Differences in gut microbiota composition between IBD patients and healthy individuals have been found, with reduced biodiversity of commensal microbes and colonization of opportunistic microbes in IBD patients. Gut microbiota can, therefore, potentially be used for diagnosing and prognosticating IBD, and predicting its treatment response. Currently, there are no curative therapies for IBD. Microbiota-based interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, have been recognized as promising therapeutic strategies. Clinical studies and studies done in animal models have provided sufficient evidence that microbiota-based interventions may improve inflammation, the remission rate, and microscopic aspects of IBD. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms of action of such interventions. This will help in enhancing their effectiveness and developing personalized therapies. The present review summarizes the relationship between gut microbiota and IBD immunopathogenesis. It also discusses the use of gut microbiota as a noninvasive biomarker and potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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118
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Krigul KL, Feeney RH, Wongkuna S, Aasmets O, Holmberg SM, Andreson R, Puértolas-Balint F, Pantiukh K, Sootak L, Org T, Tenson T, Org E, Schroeder BO. A history of repeated antibiotic usage leads to microbiota-dependent mucus defects. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2377570. [PMID: 39034613 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2377570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that repeated antibiotic usage lowers microbial diversity and ultimately changes the gut microbiota community. However, the physiological effects of repeated - but not recent - antibiotic usage on microbiota-mediated mucosal barrier function are largely unknown. By selecting human individuals from the deeply phenotyped Estonian Microbiome Cohort (EstMB), we here utilized human-to-mouse fecal microbiota transplantation to explore long-term impacts of repeated antibiotic use on intestinal mucus function. While a healthy mucus layer protects the intestinal epithelium against infection and inflammation, using ex vivo mucus function analyses of viable colonic tissue explants, we show that microbiota from humans with a history of repeated antibiotic use causes reduced mucus growth rate and increased mucus penetrability compared to healthy controls in the transplanted mice. Moreover, shotgun metagenomic sequencing identified a significantly altered microbiota composition in the antibiotic-shaped microbial community, with known mucus-utilizing bacteria, including Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides fragilis, dominating in the gut. The altered microbiota composition was further characterized by a distinct metabolite profile, which may be caused by differential mucus degradation capacity. Consequently, our proof-of-concept study suggests that long-term antibiotic use in humans can result in an altered microbial community that has reduced capacity to maintain proper mucus function in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kertu Liis Krigul
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rachel H Feeney
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Supapit Wongkuna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Oliver Aasmets
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sandra M Holmberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Reidar Andreson
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fabiola Puértolas-Balint
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kateryna Pantiukh
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Linda Sootak
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Org
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Elin Org
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bjoern O Schroeder
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Cai R, Zhou C, Tang R, Meng Y, Zeng J, Li Y, Wen X. Current insights on gut microbiome and chronic urticaria: progress in the pathogenesis and opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2382774. [PMID: 39078229 PMCID: PMC11290762 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2382774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a prevalent skin disorder greatly impacting the patients' life quality, in which immune dysregulation mediated by gut microbiome plays a significant role. Several studies have found the gut dysbiosis exists in patients with CU. In addition, infection may also be one of the causes of CU. The primary treatment currently used for CU is the second-generation non-sedating H1-antihistamines (nsAH). However, there are some limitations in current therapies. Based on the latest evidence, this review provides an updated overview of how the gut dysbiosis influences CU development, explores potential therapeutic approaches based on the gut microbiota and summarizes the interaction between gut microbiota and current treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cai
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Changhan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruisi Tang
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jumei Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Tuo Y, You H, Li J, Wang L, Liu X, Ding L. Quinoa protein and its hydrolysate ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating intestinal microbiota and inhibiting inflammatory response. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127588. [PMID: 37875182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of quinoa protein (QPro) and its derived peptides (QPep) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The results demonstrated that oral administration of QPro and QPep significantly alleviated colitis symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody stools, weight loss, as well as reduced colonic shortening, inflammatory factor release, and intestinal barrier injury. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production rose as QPro and QPep modulated the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Western blotting results revealed that QPro and QPep also suppressed TLR4 levels and inhibited IκB-α and NF-κB phosphorylation in colon tissue, implying that the TLR4/IκB-α/NF-κB signaling pathway may be involved in the amelioration of QPro and QPep in DSS-induced colitis. These results indicate the potential of quinoa protein and its hydrolysate to serve as bioactive components in functional diets for intestinal health and to significantly lower intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiju Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuanrong Tuo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haixi You
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jialu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Liying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Long Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Lobo E, Bajagai YS, Kayal A, Ramirez S, Nikolić A, Valientes R, Stanley D. Precision Glycan Supplementation Improves Gut Microbiota Diversity, Performance, and Disease Outbreak Resistance in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:32. [PMID: 38200763 PMCID: PMC10778076 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The poultry industry contributes significantly to the global meat industry but faces many production challenges like high-density housing, welfare issues, and pathogenic infections. While antibiotics have commonly been used to treat many of these issues, they are being removed from poultry production globally due to increased microbial resistance. Precision glycans offer a viable alternative to antibiotics by modulating microbial metabolic pathways. In this study, we investigated the effects of precision glycan supplementation on productivity and gut microbiota in broilers. The experiment was conducted in a commercial setting using 32,400 male Ross chickens randomly divided into three sheds with 10,800 birds each. One shed with 12 pen replicates of 900 birds was used as control, while the other two with an equal number of replicates and birds were assigned to precision glycan supplementation. The treatment significantly improved the average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio, with a significant modification in the abundance of several bacterial taxa in the caecum, ileum, and ileum mucosa microbial communities. There was increased richness and diversity in the caecum, with a reduction in Proteobacteria and an increase in Firmicutes. Richness remained unchanged in the ileum, with an increase in diversity and reduction in pathogenic genera like Clostridium and Escherichia-Shigella. Ileum mucosa showed a lower abundance of mucin degraders and an increased presence of next-generation probiotics. Supplemented birds showed a high level of disease resistance when the farm experienced an outbreak of infectious bronchitis, evidenced by lower mortality. Histological analysis confirmed improvements in the ileum and liver health, where the precision glycan supplementation reduced the area of congested sinusoids compared to the control group in the liver and significantly improved ileum intestinal morphology by increasing crypt depth and surface area. These results collectively suggest that precision glycans offer substantial benefits in poultry production by improving productivity, gut health, and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Lobo
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (E.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Yadav S. Bajagai
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (E.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Advait Kayal
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (E.L.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Anja Nikolić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | | | - Dragana Stanley
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia; (E.L.); (A.K.)
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Yang T, Sun Y, Dai Z, Liu J, Xiao S, Liu Y, Wang X, Yang S, Zhang R, Yang C, Dai B. Microencapsulated Sodium Butyrate Alleviates Immune Injury and Intestinal Problems Caused by Clostridium Perfringens through Gut Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3784. [PMID: 38136821 PMCID: PMC10741131 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microencapsulated sodium butyrate (MS-SB) is an effective sodium butyrate additive which can reduce the release of sodium butyrate (SB) in the fore gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we assess the protective effects and mechanisms of MS-SB in Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens)-challenged broilers. Broiler chickens were pre-treated with SB or MS-SB for 56 days and then challenged with C. perfringens three times. Our results indicate that the addition of MS-SB or SB before C. perfringens infection significantly decreased the thymus index (p < 0.05). Serum IgA, IgY, and IgM concentrations were significantly increased (p < 0.05), while pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) under MS-SB or SB supplementation. Compared with SB, MS-SB presented a stronger performance, with higher IgA content, as well as a lower IL-1β level when normal or C. perfringens-challenged. While C. perfringens challenge significantly decreased the villus height (p < 0.05), MS-SB or SB administration significantly increased the villus height and villus height/crypt depth (V/C ratio) (p < 0.05). Varying degrees of SB or MS-SB increased the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during C. perfringens challenge, where MS-SB presented a stronger performance, as evidenced by the higher content of isovaleric acid and valeric acid. Microbial analysis demonstrated that both SB or MS-SB addition and C. perfringens infection increase variation in the microbiota community. The results also indicate that the proportions of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Clostridia, Ruminococcaceae, Alistipes, and Clostridia were significantly higher in the MS-SB addition group while, at same time, C. perfringens infection increased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes. In summary, dietary supplementation with SB or MS-SB improves the immune status and morphology of intestinal villi, increases the production of VFAs, and modulates cecal microbiota in chickens challenged with C. perfringens. Moreover, MS-SB was more effective than SB with the same supplemental amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yaowei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Zhenglie Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China; (J.L.); (S.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Shiping Xiao
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China; (J.L.); (S.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yulan Liu
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China; (J.L.); (S.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xiuxi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Shenglan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
| | - Caimei Yang
- Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313300, China; (J.L.); (S.X.); (Y.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Bing Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection and Internet Technology, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (T.Y.); (Y.S.); (Z.D.); (X.W.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.)
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Zhou Y, Wei Z, Tan J, Sun H, Jiang H, Gao Y, Zhang H, Schroyen M. Alginate oligosaccharide extends the service lifespan by improving the sperm metabolome and gut microbiota in an aging Duroc boars model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1308484. [PMID: 38116132 PMCID: PMC10728478 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1308484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS), as a natural non-toxic plant extract, has been paid more attention in recent years due to its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and even anti-cancer properties. However, the mechanism by which AOS affects animal reproductive performance is still unclear. Methods The purpose of this study is to use multi-omics technology to analyze the effects of AOS in extending the service lifespan of aging boars. Results The results showed that AOS can significantly improve the sperm motility (p < 0.05) and sperm validity rate (p < 0.001) of aging boars and significantly reduce the abnormal sperm rate (p < 0.01) by increasing the protein levels such as CatSper 8 and protein kinase A (PKA) for semen quality. At the same time, AOS significantly improved the testosterone content in the blood of boars (p < 0.01). AOS significantly improved fatty acids such as adrenic acid (p < 0.05) and antioxidants such as succinic acid (p < 0.05) in sperm metabolites, significantly reducing harmful substances such as dibutyl phthalate (p < 0.05), which has a negative effect on spermatogenesis. AOS can improve the composition of intestinal microbes, mainly increasing beneficial bacteria Enterobacter (p = 0.1262) and reducing harmful bacteria such as Streptococcus (p < 0.05), Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 (p < 0.05), and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, short-chain fatty acids in feces such as acetic acid (p < 0.05) and butyric acid (p < 0.05) were significantly increased. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a close correlation among microorganisms, sperm metabolites, and sperm parameters. Discussion Therefore, the data indicated that AOS improved the semen quality of older boars by improving the intestinal microbiota and sperm metabolome. AOS can be used as a feed additive to solve the problem of high elimination rate in large-scale boar studs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Zeou Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajian Tan
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Haiqing Sun
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Haidi Jiang
- YangXiang Joint Stock Company, Animal Nutrition Institute, Guigang, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Life Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Martine Schroyen
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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Lian Y, Li Y, Liu A, Ghosh S, Shi Y, Huang H. Dietary antioxidants and vascular calcification: From pharmacological mechanisms to challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115693. [PMID: 37844356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), an actively regulated process, has been recognized as an independent and strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality worldwide. Diet has been shown to have a major role in the progression of VC. Oxidative stress (OS), a common pro-calcification factor, is closely related to VC, and evidence strongly suggests that dietary antioxidants directly prevent VC. Herein, we provided an overview of OS and its key role in VC and underlined the mechanisms of harmful effects of OS on VC. Furthermore, we introduced dietary antioxidants, and discussed about surrounding the challenges of dietary antioxidants in VC management. This review will benefit future research about the effects of dietary antioxidants on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Lian
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiting Liu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Sounak Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, AMRI Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Yuncong Shi
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China.
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125
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Wang M, Zheng H, Wang S, Luo H, Li Z, Song X, Xu H, Li P, Sun S, Wang Y, Yuan Z. Comparative analysis of changes in diarrhea and gut microbiota in Beigang pigs. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106441. [PMID: 37944676 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicated that the gut microbiota is a large and complex organic combination, which is closely related to the host health. Diarrhea is a disease with devastating effects on livestock that has been demonstrated to be associated with gut microbiota. Currently, studies on gut microbiota and diarrhea have involved multiple species, but changes in gut microbiota of Beigang pigs during diarrhea have not been characterized. Here, we described gut microbial changes of Beigang pigs during diarrhea. Results indicated that a total of 4423 OTUs were recognized in diarrheic and healthy Beigang pigs, and Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the most dominant phyla regardless of health status. However, the major components of the gut microbiota changed between diarrheic and healthy Beigang pigs. Bacterial taxonomic analysis revealed that the relative abundances of 3 phyla (Synergistota, Actinobacteriota and Spirochaetota) and 30 genera increased significantly during diarrhea, whereas the relative abundances of 3 phyla (Patescibacteria, Bacteroidota and Fibrobacterota) and 41 genera decreased significantly. In conclusion, this study found significant changes in the gut microbiota of Beigang pigs during diarrhea. Meanwhile, this also lays the foundation for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in Beigang pigs and the further discovery of more anti-diarrhea probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuaiwei Wang
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Houqiang Luo
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Xianzhang Song
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Peide Li
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- College of Animal Science, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tibet Livestock Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lhasa, 850009, China.
| | - Zhenjie Yuan
- Tibet Livestock Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lhasa, 850009, China.
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Shintani T, Shintani H, Sato M, Ashida H. Calorie restriction mimetic drugs could favorably influence gut microbiota leading to lifespan extension. GeroScience 2023; 45:3475-3490. [PMID: 37389698 PMCID: PMC10643761 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) can prolong human lifespan, but enforcing long-term CR is difficult. Thus, a drug that reproduces the effects of CR without CR is required. More than 10 drugs have been listed as CR mimetics (CRM), and some of which are conventionally categorized as upstream-type CRMs showing glycolytic inhibition, whereas the others are categorized as downstream-type CRMs that regulate or genetically modulate intracellular signaling proteins. Intriguingly, recent reports have revealed the beneficial effects of CRMs on the body such as improving the host body condition via intestinal bacteria and their metabolites. This beneficial effect of gut microbiota may lead to lifespan extension. Thus, CRMs may have a dual effect on longevity. However, no reports have collectively discussed them as CRMs; hence, our knowledge about CRM and its physiological effects on the host remains fragmentary. This study is the first to present and collectively discuss the accumulative evidence of CRMs improving the gut environments for healthy lifespan extension, after enumerating the latest scientific findings related to the gut microbiome and CR. The conclusion drawn from this discussion is that CRM may partially extend the lifespan through its effect on the gut microbiota. CRMs increase beneficial bacteria abundance by decreasing harmful bacteria rather than increasing the diversity of the microbiome. Thus, the effect of CRMs on the gut could be different from that of conventional prebiotics and seemed similar to that of next-generation prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Shintani
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-Cho, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
- The Japanese Clinical Nutrition Association, 2-16-28 Ohashi, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-0044, Japan.
| | - Hideya Shintani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Towa Hospital, 4-13-15 Tanabe, Higashisumiyoshi, Osaka, 546-0031, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Izuo Hospital, 3-4-5 Kitamura, Taisho, Osaka, 551-0032, Japan
| | - Masashi Sato
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0701, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ashida
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493, Japan
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K VK, Bhat RG, Rao BK, R AP. The Gut Microbiota: a Novel Player in the Pathogenesis of Uterine Fibroids. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3443-3455. [PMID: 37418220 PMCID: PMC10691976 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Uterine fibroid is a common gynecological disorder that affects women of reproductive age and has emerged as a major public health concern. The symptoms have a negative influence on both their physical health and quality of life. The cost of treatment has a significant impact on the disease's burden. Even though its origin is uncertain, estrogen is thought to be a key player in fibroid pathophysiology. Many theories, including those based on genetic and environmental factors, explain what causes hyper-estrogenic condition in fibroid patients. One such possibility that is currently being explored is the hypothesis that an altered gut microbiome can contribute to the development of diseases characterized by estrogen dominance. Gut dysbiosis is often a "hot area" in the health sciences. According to a recent study, uterine fibroid patients have altered gut microbiome. A variety of risk factors influence both fibroid development and gut homeostasis. Diet, lifestyle, physical activity, and environmental contaminants have an impact on estrogen and the gut flora. A better understanding of uterine fibroids' pathophysiology is required to develop effective preventative and treatment options. A few ways by which the gut microbiota contributes to UF include estrogen, impaired immune function, inflammation, and altered gut metabolites. Therefore, in the future, while treating fibroid patients, various strategies to deal with changes in the gut flora may be advantageous. For developing suggestions for clinical diagnosis and therapy, we reviewed the literature on the relationship between uterine fibroids and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineetha K K
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajeshwari G Bhat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhamini Krishna Rao
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Archana P R
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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128
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Domene A, Orozco H, Rodríguez-Viso P, Monedero V, Zúñiga M, Vélez D, Devesa V. Impact of Chronic Exposure to Arsenate through Drinking Water on the Intestinal Barrier. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:1731-1744. [PMID: 37819996 PMCID: PMC10726480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (As) [As(III) + As(V)], which affects millions of people, increases the incidence of some kinds of cancer and other noncarcinogenic pathologies. Although the oral pathway is the main source of exposure, in vivo studies conducted to verify the intestinal toxicity of this metalloid are scarce and are mainly focused on evaluating the toxicity of As(III). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure (6 months) of BALB/c mice to As(V) (15-60 mg/L) via drinking water on the different components of the intestinal barrier and to determine the possible mechanisms involved. The results show that chronic exposure to As(V) generates a situation of oxidative stress (increased lipid peroxidation and reactive species) and inflammation (increased contents of several proinflammatory cytokines and neutrophil infiltrations) in the intestinal tissues. There is also evidence of an altered expression of constituent proteins of the intercellular junctions (Cldn1, Cldn3, and Ocln) and the mucus layer (Muc2) and changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids. All of these toxic effects eventually may lead to the disruption of the intestinal barrier, which shows an increased paracellular permeability. Moreover, signs of endotoxemia are observed in the serum of As(V)-treated animals (increases in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein LBP and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β). The data obtained suggest that chronic exposure to As(V) via drinking water affects the intestinal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Domene
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Helena Orozco
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Pilar Rodríguez-Viso
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Manuel Zúñiga
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica
y Tecnología de Alimentos, Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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129
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Łuszczki E, Boakye F, Zielińska M, Dereń K, Bartosiewicz A, Oleksy Ł, Stolarczyk A. Vegan diet: nutritional components, implementation, and effects on adults' health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1294497. [PMID: 38024367 PMCID: PMC10665534 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1294497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegan diet has emerged as a popular dietary choice for people worldwide in recent times, due to concerns such as health issues, animal rights and welfare, and the sustainability of the environment. The purpose of this literature review was to explain how a vegan diet may affect the health of adults and to point out beneficial components found in it as well as any difficulties associated with its implementation. Evidence supports that a vegan diet can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain types of cancer. A well-planned vegan diet must include adequate calories and nutrients, as well as the necessary supplements, such as vitamin B12, vitamin D and EPA/DHA. Given the current growing interest in plant-based diets among the general population, it is crucial to understand both the barriers, risks, and benefits of the vegan diet among physicians, policy makers, and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Faustina Boakye
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Anna Bartosiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Łukasz Oleksy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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130
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Wang X, Mi J, Yang K, Wang L. Environmental Cadmium Exposure Perturbs Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in Ducks. Vet Sci 2023; 10:649. [PMID: 37999472 PMCID: PMC10674682 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ore extraction, chemical production, and agricultural fertilizers may release significant amounts of heavy metals, which may eventually accumulate widely in the environment and organisms over time, causing global ecological and health problems. As a recognized environmental contaminant, cadmium has been demonstrated to cause osteoporosis and renal injury, but research regarding the effects of cadmium on gut microbiota in ducks remains scarce. Herein, we aimed to characterize the adverse effects of cadmium on gut microbiota in ducks. Results indicated that cadmium exposure dramatically decreased gut microbial alpha diversity and caused significant changes in the main component of gut microbiota. Moreover, we also observed significant changes in the gut microbial composition in ducks exposed to cadmium. A microbial taxonomic investigation showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria were the most preponderant phyla in ducks regardless of treatment, but the compositions and abundances of dominant genera were different. Meanwhile, a Metastats analysis indicated that cadmium exposure also caused a distinct increase in the levels of 1 phylum and 22 genera, as well as a significant reduction in the levels of 1 phylum and 36 genera. In summary, this investigation demonstrated that cadmium exposure could disturb gut microbial homeostasis by decreasing microbial diversity and altering microbial composition. Additionally, under the background of the rising environmental pollution caused by heavy metals, this investigation provides a crucial message for the assessment of environmental risks associated with cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lian Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (X.W.); (J.M.); (K.Y.)
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131
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Xu C, Zhao L, Zhou W, Li Y, Hu H, Wang Z. Synergistic effect of berberine hydrochloride and dehydrocostus lactone in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: Take gut microbiota as the target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111009. [PMID: 37820424 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a difficult-to-cure and recurrent inflammatory bowel disease, and it is difficult to maintain long-term results with a single drug. Inspired by clinical medication in traditional Chinese medicine, we used berberine hydrochloride (BBH) and dehydrocostus lactone (DEH) in combination for the first time and focused on studying their mechanism of treating UC based on gut microbiota. Therefore, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of BBH and DEH on DSS-induced UC mice using ELISA, HE and AB-PAS staining, 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing technology, and fecal transplantation experiments (FMT). In this study, the combination of BBH and DEH significantly relieved symptoms, colonic inflammation, and intestinal barrier damage of DSS-induced UC mice, and they did not show antagonism. In addition, the co-administration of BBH and DEH altered the composition and function of gut microbiota, with BBH increasing the abundance of key beneficial bacterial genus Akkermansia and DEH aiming to enhance species diversity and supplying intestinal proteins to prevent overconsumption. Furthermore, our data showed that BBH and DEH improve the levels of short-chain fatty acids, which also proved the positive regulation of gut microbiota by BBH and DEH. Finally, the FMT confirmed the strong correlation between BBH, DEH, and the gut microbiota. In conclusion, the co-administration of BBH and DEH protected the intestinal barrier and reduced inflammatory damage by regulating gut microbiota, targeting the key beneficial bacterial genus Akkermansia, and maintaining a normal supply of intestinal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linxian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Weiling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Holistic Integrative Medicine Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Qiang Medicine Standard Research Promotion Base and Collaborative Innovation Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Sichuan-Chengdu 610106, China.
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132
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Liu S, Zhao Y, Feng X, Xu H. SARS-CoV-2 infection threatening intestinal health: A review of potential mechanisms and treatment strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12578-12596. [PMID: 35894645 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2103090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought great problems to mankind, including economic recession and poor health. COVID-19 patients are frequently reported with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting in clinical diagnosis. Maintaining intestinal health is the key guarantee to maintain the normal function of multiple organs, otherwise it will be a disaster. Therefore, the purpose of this review was deeply understanded the potential mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection threatening intestinal health and put forward reasonable treatment strategies. Combined with the existing researches, we summarized the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection threatening intestinal health, including intestinal microbiome disruption, intestinal barrier dysfunction, intestinal oxidative stress and intestinal cytokine storm. These adverse intestinal events may affect other organs through the circulatory system or aggravate the course of the disease. Typically, intestinal disadvantage may promote the progression of SARS-CoV-2 through the gut-lung axis and increase the disease degree of COVID-19 patients. In view of the lack of specific drugs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, the current review described new strategies of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and nutrients to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection and maintain intestinal health. To provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms and pneumonia in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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133
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An X, Lan X, Feng Z, Li X, Su Q. Histone modification: Biomarkers and potential therapies in colorectal cancer. Ann Hum Genet 2023; 87:274-284. [PMID: 37712180 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The complex mechanism of colorectal cancer development is closely associated with epigenetic modifications and is caused by overexpression and/or inactivation of oncogenes. Histone modifying enzymes catalyze histone modifications to alter gene expression, which plays a crucial role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Currently, there is more frequent study on histone acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, and their mechanisms in colorectal cancer development are clearer. This article elaborates on the role of histone modification in epigenetics in colorectal cancer development and discusses recent advances in using it as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The review aims to demonstrate the significant role of histone modification as a new therapeutic target in colorectal cancer and provides insights into the novel diagnostic and therapeutic options it offers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin An
- First College for Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Lan
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zizhen Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Guangxi Department of Education, Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qisheng Su
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Guangxi Department of Education, Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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134
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Crudele L, Gadaleta RM, Cariello M, Moschetta A. Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches of diabetes. EBioMedicine 2023; 97:104821. [PMID: 37804567 PMCID: PMC10570704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-liver axis plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis and therapy of metabolic diseases such as diabetes. The intestinal specific origin of several hormones that guide both inter- and post-prandial metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, drives the attention of scientists and clinicians on the gut as a major site to intervene with novel diagnostic or prognostic markers. The role of intestinal ecology in the metabolic syndrome was postulated when gut microbiota was directly connected with inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, and diabetes. There have been several discoveries with the role of gut microbiota and gut-liver axis in diabetes. Also, there are several trials ongoing on the therapeutic efficacy of probiotic administration in diabetes and its complications. Here we point to the metabolic action of microbiota and discuss the actual state of the art on gut microbiota as a novel prognostic biomarker with a putative therapeutic role in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Crudele
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Maria Gadaleta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Marica Cariello
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy; INBB National Institute for Biostructure and Biosystems, Viale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136, Rome, Italy.
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135
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Han Z, Min Y, Pang K, Wu D. Therapeutic Approach Targeting Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15654. [PMID: 37958637 PMCID: PMC10650060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
While emerging evidence highlights the significance of gut microbiome in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, treatments like Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) and probiotics are gaining popularity, especially for diarrhea patients. However, the specific role of the gut microbiome in different gastrointestinal infectious diseases remains uncertain. There is no consensus on whether gut modulation therapy is universally effective for all such infections. In this comprehensive review, we examine recent developments of the gut microbiome's involvement in several gastrointestinal infectious diseases, including infection of Helicobacter pylori, Clostridium difficile, Vibrio cholerae, enteric viruses, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Giardia duodenalis. We have also incorporated information about fungi and engineered bacteria in gastrointestinal infectious diseases, aiming for a more comprehensive overview of the role of the gut microbiome. This review will provide insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of the gut microbiome while exploring the microbiome's potential in the prevention, diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yiyang Min
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ke Pang
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
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136
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Rad ZA, Mousavi SN, Chiti H. A low-carb diet increases fecal short-chain fatty acids in feces of obese women following a weight-loss program: randomized feeding trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18146. [PMID: 37875472 PMCID: PMC10598010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare fecal level of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and some serum inflammatory markers between the low-carbohydrate (LCD) and the habitual (HD) diet, subjects were enrolled from our previous study on the effect of LCD vs. HD on gut microbiota in obese women following an energy-restricted diet. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly increased in the HD group (p < 0.001). Adjusted for the baseline parameters, fecal level of butyric, propionic, and acetic acid were significantly different between the LCD and HD groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, and p < 0.001, respectively). Increase in serum insulin level correlated with decrease in fecal propionic acid by 5.3-folds (95% CI = - 2.7, - 0.15, p = 0.04). Increase in serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) correlated with decrease in the percentage of fecal butyric acid by 25% (p = 0.04). Serum fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin showed a significant effect on fecal acetic acid (p = 0.009 and p = 0.01, respectively). Elevated serum FBS and insulin correlated with increase in fecal acetic acid by 2.8 and 8.9-folds (95%CI = 0.34, 1.9 and 1.2, 9.2), respectively. The LCD increased fecal SCFAs and a significant correlation was seen between serum IL-6 and fecal propionic acid level. More studies are needed to reach a concise correlation. Trial registration number: The trial was registered in Iranian ClinicalTrials.gov IRCT20200929048876N3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abbaspour Rad
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Chiti
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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137
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Wang K, Hu S. The synergistic effects of polyphenols and intestinal microbiota on osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285621. [PMID: 37936705 PMCID: PMC10626506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, compromised bone microstructure, heightened bone fragility, and an increased susceptibility to fractures. The dynamic imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast populations is a decisive factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis. With the increase in the elderly population in society, the incidence of osteoporosis, disability, and mortality have gradually increased. Polyphenols are a fascinating class of compounds that are found in both food and medicine and exhibit a variety of biological activities with significant health benefits. As a component of food, polyphenols not only provide color, flavor, and aroma but also act as potent antioxidants, protecting our cells from oxidative stress and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Moreover, these natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which aid in immune response regulation and potentially alleviate symptoms of diverse ailments. The gut microbiota can degrade polyphenols into more absorbable metabolites, thereby increasing their bioavailability. Polyphenols can also shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance. Therefore, studying the synergistic effect between gut microbiota and polyphenols may help in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. By delving into how gut microbiota can enhance the bioavailability of polyphenols and how polyphenols can shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance, this review offers valuable information and references for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Wang
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Wenling), Wenling, Zhejiang, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Wenling), Wenling, Zhejiang, China
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138
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Li B, Zhang F, Jiang H, Wang C, Zhao Q, Yang W, Hu A. Adequate Intake of Dietary Fiber May Relieve the Detrimental Impact of Blood Lead on Dyslipidemia among US Adults: A Study of Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. Nutrients 2023; 15:4434. [PMID: 37892509 PMCID: PMC10610417 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exposure is a well-established risk factor for dyslipidemia, and people are exposed to it in multiple ways daily. Dietary fiber is presumed to improve lipid metabolism disorders, but it is still unknown whether it can relieve the detrimental impact of Pb on dyslipidemia. We used publicly accessible data from the 2011-2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 2128 US adults were enrolled for the subsequent analysis. Heavy metal concentrations in blood were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A weighted logistic regression was conducted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The dose-response relationship between blood heavy metals and dyslipidemia was explored using a weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. After fully adjusting for potential confounding factors (age, gender, race, education level, ratio of family income to poverty, marital status, body mass index, physical activity, waist circumference, smoke, alcohol drinking and history of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and diabetes), a positive association between blood Pb levels and dyslipidemia risk was revealed (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.40). Dietary fiber intake may significantly modify the association between blood Pb levels and dyslipidemia (p-interaction = 0.049), with a stronger association (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05-1.52) being revealed in individuals with an inadequate intake of dietary fiber (<14 g/1000 kcal/day), but a null association (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.72-1.42) being observed in those with an adequate intake of dietary fiber (≥14 g/1000 kcal/day). Moreover, the weighted RCS analysis showed that compared with the average blood Pb exposure level (4.24 µg/dL), a lower blood Pb exposure level (3.08 µg/dL) may contribute to the risk of dyslipidemia in the group with an inadequate dietary fiber intake. Our findings suggest that Pb exposure in blood may be a risk factor for dyslipidemia. However, an adequate dietary fiber intake may offset the risk of dyslipidemia caused by blood Pb exposure. Since avoiding Pb exposure in daily life is difficult, increasing dietary fiber intake in the future might be a promising approach to alleviate dyslipidemia caused by Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; (B.L.); (F.Z.); (H.J.); (C.W.); (Q.Z.); (W.Y.)
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139
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Xia H, Guo J, Shen J, Jiang S, Han S, Li L. Ketogenic Diet Exacerbates L-Arginine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis and Reveals the Therapeutic Potential of Butyrate. Nutrients 2023; 15:4427. [PMID: 37892502 PMCID: PMC10609823 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) has emerged as a popular weight-loss regimen in recent years. However, it has been confirmed to elicit a mild inflammatory response in the intestinal epithelium and exacerbate various digestive disorders. The severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) is closely associated with the permeability of the intestinal epithelium and gut microbiota, yet the impact of KD on acute pancreatitis remains unclear. In this study, we induced acute pancreatitis using L-arginine in mice fed with KD. The consumption of KD resulted in an elevation of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), accompanied by upregulated cytokines (IL-1a, IL-5, IL-12, MIP-1a, and Rantes) and dysfunction of the intestinal barrier both in control and AP groups. The bloom of Lachnospirales and Erysipelotrichales was observed as a specific profile of gut microbiota in KD-fed mice with AP, along with downregulation of carbohydrate metabolism and depletion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Antibiotic decontamination reduced the cytokine storm and tissue necrosis but did not significantly improve the integrity of the intestinal barrier in KD-fed mice with AP. The overgrowth of Mycoplasmatales in feces and Enterobacterales in colonic tissue appears to explain the limitation of antibiotic treatment to aggravate acute pancreatitis. Butyrate supplementation attenuated the depletion of SCFAs, promoted the intestinal barrier, and reduced the necrotic area in AP mice. The bloom of Bacteroidales and the correlated increase in tryptophan metabolism explain the therapeutic potential of butyrate supplements for acute pancreatitis. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ketogenic diet exacerbates acute pancreatitis through its impact on the gut microbiota and subsequent disruption of the intestinal barrier, while butyrate supplementation reverses this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; (H.X.); (J.G.); (S.J.); (S.H.)
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Zou W, Fu Z, Guo X, Yao L, Hong H, Luo Y, Tan Y. Whey Protein Hydrolysate Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects to Alleviate Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-Induced Colitis via Microbiome Restoration. Nutrients 2023; 15:4393. [PMID: 37892468 PMCID: PMC10610201 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) has been shown to have a variety of bioactivities. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of WPH on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice. The results indicated that WPH intervention for 37 days was effective in delaying the development of colonic inflammation, and high doses of WPH significantly inhibited weight loss (9.16%, n = 8, p < 0.05), protected the colonic mucosal layer, and significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in mice with colitis (n = 8, p < 0.05). In addition, WPH intervention was able to up-regulate the short-chain fatty acids secretion and restore the gut microbiome imbalance in mice with colitis. Notably, high-dose WPH intervention increased the relative abundance of norank_f_Muribaculaceae by 1.52-fold and decreased the relative abundance of Romboutsia and Enterobacter by 3.77-fold and 2.45-fold, respectively, compared with the Model group. WPH intervention protected colitis mice mainly by reversing the microbiome imbalance and regulating the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway. This study showed that WPH has anti-inflammatory activity and a promising colitis management future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.Z.); (Z.F.); (H.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zixin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.Z.); (Z.F.); (H.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Department of Product and Development, Hebei Dongkang Dairy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 052165, China; (X.G.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Product and Development, Hebei Dongkang Dairy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 052165, China; (X.G.); (L.Y.)
| | - Hui Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.Z.); (Z.F.); (H.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongkang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.Z.); (Z.F.); (H.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (W.Z.); (Z.F.); (H.H.); (Y.L.)
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Wang L, Liang C, Song X, Jia X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Zheng N, Yuan H. Canagliflozin alters the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1256292. [PMID: 37867512 PMCID: PMC10586052 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1256292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Modifications in the gut microbiota may be a crucial factor in the efficacy of canagliflozin (Cana) in managing patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the interplay between oral and ocular surface microbiota and this treatment remains poorly explored. Aim This study aimed to assess alterations in the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota pre- and post-Cana treatment in patients with T2DM. Methods In this 30-day, controlled before-and-after study, 21 treatment-naïve patients with T2DM received sole treatment with Cana (100 mg/day), and were matched with 10 healthy controls based on gender and age. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, changes in the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota pre- and post-Cana treatment were assessed and compared with those of healthy controls. Concurrently, diabetes-related clinical parameters were recorded over the study period. The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR200034878). Results A noticeable shift was observed in the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota pre- and post-Cana treatment. The post-Cana treatment gut microbiota was more similar to that of the healthy controls. Network correlation analysis revealed that modifications in the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota were related to changes in clinical parameters, especially for the ocular surface microbiota. Clinical parameters A significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (8.22 ± 2.19 vs 6.87 ± 1.09 mmol/L), glycated serum protein [291.00 (264.00, 353.00) vs 275.00 (251.00, 342.50) μmol/L], hemoglobin A1c (7.39 ± 1.18 vs 7.12 ± 1.33%), body mass index (25.32 ± 2.99 vs 24.83 ± 2.95 kg/m2), systolic blood pressure (129.05 ± 17.51 vs 123.43 ± 14.82 mmHg), and urinary creatinine [158.40 (74.75, 219.15) vs 79.70 (56.25, 138.10) μmmol/kg] levels was noted after 30-day Cana monotherapy (P < 0.05). Gut microbiome Treatment with Cana resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, particularly Lachnospiraceae UCG 004, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group. Oral microbiota After Cana treatment, a significant increase of Prevotella and Veillonella, both of which are known to be closely associated with SCFAs, was observed. Ocular surface microbiota Post-Cana administration, the ocular surface microbiota exhibited the most distinct changes in structure and composition. Remarkably, the majority of the increased ocular surface microbiota could produce SCFAs within the gut microbiota. Conclusion Cana effectively improved the dysregulated glucose metabolism in patients with T2DM. This improvement can potentially be attributed to the restoration of balance among the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbial communities. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=56487, identifier ChiCTR2000034878.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiudan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinyuan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Xiao J, Wang J, Zhou C, Luo J. Development and Validation of a Propionate Metabolism-Related Gene Signature for Prognostic Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1673-1687. [PMID: 37808224 PMCID: PMC10557974 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s420614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have demonstrated that propionate metabolism-related genes (PMRGs) are associated with cancer progression. PMRGs are not known to be involved in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were accessed for HCC-related transcriptome data and clinical information. First, DE-PMRGs were derived by intersecting PMRGs and DEGs between HCC tissues and normal controls. The clusterProfiler R package was then used to enrich DE-PMRGs. In addition, biomarkers of HCC were identified, and a prognostic model was developed. Using functional analysis and tumor microenvironment analysis, new insights were obtained into HCC. The expression of biomarkers was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results 132 DE-PMRGs were obtained by intersecting 3690 DEGs and 291 PMRGs. Steroid and organic acid metabolism were associated with these genes. For the construction of the risk model for HCC samples, five biomarkers were identified, including Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase short chain (ACADS), CYP19A1, formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2). ACADS, FTCD, and GOT2 were positive factors, whereas CYP19A1 and G6PD were negative. HCC patients with AUC greater than 0.6 were predicted to survive 1/2/3/4/5 years, indicating decent efficiency of the model. The probability of 1/3/5-survival for HCC was also predicted by the nomogram using the risk score, pathologic T stage, and cancer status. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis revealed the high-risk genes were associated with invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Significantly, immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression were linked to HCC development. Conclusion This study identified five biomarkers of propionate metabolism that can predict HCC prognosis. This finding may provide a deeper understanding of PMRG function in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Medicine, the First Medical Center, Department of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junpeng Luo
- Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People’s Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
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Seethaler B, Lehnert K, Yahiaoui-Doktor M, Basrai M, Vetter W, Kiechle M, Bischoff SC. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve intestinal barrier integrity-albeit to a lesser degree than short-chain fatty acids: an exploratory analysis of the randomized controlled LIBRE trial. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:2779-2791. [PMID: 37318580 PMCID: PMC10468946 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with beneficial health effects, including gastrointestinal disorders. Preclinical studies suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), found in Mediterranean foods like nuts and fish, improve intestinal barrier integrity. Here, we assessed possible effects of n-3 PUFAs on barrier integrity in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS We studied 68 women from the open-label LIBRE trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02087592) who followed either a Mediterranean diet (intervention group, IG) or a standard diet (control group, CG). Study visits comprised baseline, month 3, and month 12. Barrier integrity was assessed by plasma lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and fecal zonulin; fatty acids by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Median and interquartile ranges are shown. RESULTS Adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased the proportion of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (IG + 1.5% [0.9;2.5, p < 0.001]/ + 0.3% [- 0.1;0.9, p < 0.050] after 3/12 months; CG + 0.9% [0.5;1.6, p < 0.001]/ ± 0%) and decreased plasma LBP (IG - 0.3 µg/ml [- 0.6;0.1, p < 0.010]/ - 0.3 µg/ml [- 1.1; - 0.1, p < 0.001]; CG - 0.2 µg/ml [- 0.8; - 0.1, p < 0.001]/ ± 0 µg/ml) and fecal zonulin levels (IG - 76 ng/mg [- 164; - 12, p < 0.010]/ - 74 ng/mg [- 197;15, p < 0.001]; CG - 59 ng/mg [- 186;15, p < 0.050]/ + 10 ng/mg [- 117;24, p > 0.050]). Plasma DHA and LBP (R2: 0.14-0.42; all p < 0.070), as well as plasma DHA and fecal zonulin (R2: 0.18-0.48; all p < 0.050) were found to be inversely associated in bi- and multivariate analyses. Further multivariate analyses showed that the effect of DHA on barrier integrity was less pronounced than the effect of fecal short-chain fatty acids on barrier integrity. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that n-3 PUFAs can improve intestinal barrier integrity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The trial was registered prospectively at ClinicalTrials.gov (reference: NCT02087592).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Seethaler
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Lehnert
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maryam Yahiaoui-Doktor
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maryam Basrai
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Department of Gynecology, Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Xue H, Mei C, Wang F, Tang X. Relationship among Chinese herb polysaccharide (CHP), gut microbiota, and chronic diarrhea and impact of CHP on chronic diarrhea. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5837-5855. [PMID: 37823142 PMCID: PMC10563694 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic diarrhea, including diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), osmotic diarrhea, bile acid diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea, is a common problem which is highly associated with disorders of the gut microbiota composition such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and so on. A growing number of studies have supported the view that Chinese herbal formula alleviates the symptoms of diarrhea by modulating the fecal microbiota. Chinese herbal polysaccharides (CHPs) are natural polymers composed of monosaccharides that are widely found in Chinese herbs and function as important active ingredients. Commensal gut microbiota has an extensive capacity to utilize CHPs and play a vital role in degrading polysaccharides into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Many CHPs, as prebiotics, have an antidiarrheal role to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. This review systematically summarizes the relationship among gut microbiota, chronic diarrhea, and CHPs as well as recent progress on the impacts of CHPs on the gut microbiota and recent advances on the possible role of CHPs in chronic diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xue
- Digestive Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Spleen and Stomach DiseasesXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chun‐Feng Mei
- Digestive Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Spleen and Stomach DiseasesXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Feng‐Yun Wang
- Digestive Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Spleen and Stomach DiseasesXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xu‐Dong Tang
- Digestive Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Spleen and Stomach DiseasesXiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Cheng H, Zhang D, Wu J, Liu J, Zhou Y, Tan Y, Feng W, Peng C. Interactions between gut microbiota and polyphenols: A mechanistic and metabolomic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154979. [PMID: 37552899 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols are a class of naturally sourced compounds with widespread distribution and an extensive array of bioactivities. However, due to their complex constituents and weak absorption, a convincing explanation for their remarkable bioactivity remains elusive for a long time. In recent years, interaction with gut microbiota is hypothesized to be a reasonable explanation of the potential mechanisms for natural compounds especially polyphenols. OBJECTIVES This review aims to present a persuasive explanation for the contradiction between the limited bioavailability and the remarkable bioactivities of polyphenols by examining their interactions with gut microbiota. METHODS We assessed literatures published before April 10, 2023, from several databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The keywords used include "polyphenols", "gut microbiota", "short-chain fatty acids", "bile acids", "trimethylamine N-oxide", "lipopolysaccharides" "tryptophan", "dopamine", "intestinal barrier", "central nervous system", "lung", "anthocyanin", "proanthocyanidin", "baicalein", "caffeic acid", "curcumin", "epigallocatechin-3-gallate", "ferulic acid", "genistein", "kaempferol", "luteolin", "myricetin", "naringenin", "procyanidins", "protocatechuic acid", "pterostilbene", "quercetin", "resveratrol", etc. RESULTS: The review first demonstrates that polyphenols significantly alter gut microbiota diversity (α- and β-diversity) and the abundance of specific microorganisms. Polyphenols either promote or inhibit microorganisms, with various factors influencing their effects, such as dosage, treatment duration, and chemical structure of polyphenols. Furthermore, the review reveals that polyphenols regulate several gut microbiota metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, dopamine, trimethylamine N-oxide, bile acids, and lipopolysaccharides. Polyphenols affect these metabolites by altering gut microbiota composition, modifying microbial enzyme activity, and other potential mechanisms. The changed microbial metabolites induced by polyphenols subsequently trigger host responses in various ways, such as acting as intestinal acid-base homeostasis regulators and activating on specific target receptors. Additionally, polyphenols are transformed into microbial derivatives by gut microbiota and these polyphenols' microbial derivatives have many potential advantages (e.g., increased bioactivity, improved absorption). Lastly, the review shows polyphenols maintain intestinal barrier, central nervous system, and lung function homeostasis by regulating gut microbiota. CONCLUSION The interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota provides a credible explanation for the exceptional bioactivities of polyphenols. This review aids our understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind the bioactivity of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yaochuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China; The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China; The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
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Łoniewski I, Szulińska M, Kaczmarczyk M, Podsiadło K, Styburski D, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Bogdański P. Multispecies probiotic affects fecal short-chain fatty acids in postmenopausal women with obesity: A post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition 2023; 114:112109. [PMID: 37441828 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Probiotics are known to regulate host metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess whether interventions with a multi-strain probiotic formula affect fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). METHODS The analysis was carried out in 56 obese, postmenopausal women randomized to three groups: probiotic dose 2.5 × 109 CFU/d (n = 18; lower probiotic dose [LPD]), 1 × 1010 CFU/d (n = 18; higher probiotic dose [HPD]), or placebo (n = 20). RESULTS An increase in three SCFA fecal concentrations in the HPD group was observed: acetic acid (C2; effect [E] = 1.72, SE = 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-3.16; P = 0.019), butyric acid (C4; E = 0.98, SE = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.08-1.88; P = 0.033), and valeric acid (C5; E = 0.68, SE = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.23-1.12; P = 0.003). The mediation analysis showed that the decrease in uric acid under HPD may be transmitted through the elevation of C5 content. Multi-strain probiotic increases the SCFA content in the stool in a dose-dependent manner, which may diminish some cardiovascular risk factors because of a reduction in blood uric acid levels. CONCLUSION Assessing long-term health benefits requires further research, including assessment of blood SCFA concentrations and multiomic and mechanistic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Konrad Podsiadło
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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147
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Sriboonvorakul N, Chotivanich K, Silachamroon U, Phumratanaprapin W, Adams JH, Dondorp AM, Leopold SJ. Intestinal injury and the gut microbiota in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011661. [PMID: 37856470 PMCID: PMC10586672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of severe falciparum malaria involves a complex interaction between the host, parasite, and gut microbes. In this review, we focus on understanding parasite-induced intestinal injury and changes in the human intestinal microbiota composition in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. During the blood stage of P. falciparum infection, infected red blood cells adhere to the vascular endothelium, leading to widespread microcirculatory obstruction in critical tissues, including the splanchnic vasculature. This process may cause intestinal injury and gut leakage. Epidemiological studies indicate higher rates of concurrent bacteraemia in severe malaria cases. Furthermore, severe malaria patients exhibit alterations in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, although the exact contribution to pathophysiology remains unclear. Mouse studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota composition can impact susceptibility to Plasmodium infections. In patients with severe malaria, the microbiota shows an enrichment of pathobionts, including pathogens that are known to cause concomitant bloodstream infections. Microbial metabolites have also been detected in the plasma of severe malaria patients, potentially contributing to metabolic acidosis and other clinical complications. However, establishing causal relationships requires intervention studies targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthida Sriboonvorakul
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kesinee Chotivanich
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Udomsak Silachamroon
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerapong Phumratanaprapin
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John H. Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Arjen M. Dondorp
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stije J. Leopold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, the Netherlands
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148
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Alves-Santos AM, Silva MMA, Lima MS, Souza EL, Naves MMV. Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) agro-industrial by-products promote the growth and metabolism of probiotic strains. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad206. [PMID: 37675996 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the phytochemical composition and effects of the baru peel and pulp (BPP) and the partially defatted baru nut (DBN) on the growth and metabolism of probiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS The proximate composition, including dietary fibers, and polyphenol profile were determined in the BPP and DBN, and the prebiotic activity was evaluated on the growth and metabolism of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. BPP and DBN have a high content of insoluble fibers and phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids and phenolic acids. Moreover, DBN stands out for its high content of proteins and lipids. BPP and DBN stimulated the growth and metabolism of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-05, and Lacticaseibacillus casei L-26. CONCLUSIONS Baru by-products have potential prebiotic properties to be confirmed in preclinical and clinical studies, and to be explored as an ingredient in new health-promoting foods. IMPACT STATEMENT Agro-industrial baru wastes, the peel plus pulp and the partially defatted nut, are sources of health-promoting compounds and stimulate the growth and metabolism of probiotics, indicating prebiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Alves-Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 74605-080 Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Monik Mariele A Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 74605-080 Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Marcos S Lima
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertão de Pernambuco, 56314-522 Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Evandro L Souza
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria Margareth V Naves
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), 74605-080 Goiânia, Brazil
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149
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Verstrepen L, Calatayud-Arroyo M, Duysburgh C, De Medts J, Ekmay RD, Marzorati M. Amino Acid Digestibility of Different Formulations of Torula Yeast in an In Vitro Porcine Gastrointestinal Digestion Model and Their Protective Effects on Barrier Function and Inflammation in a Caco-2/THP1Co-Culture Model. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2812. [PMID: 37760211 PMCID: PMC10526019 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell protein from torula yeast (Cyberlindnera jadinii) grown on lignocellulosic biomass has been proven to be an excellent alternative protein source for animal feed. This study aimed to evaluate the amino acid (AA) digestibility by estimating intestinal absorption from three yeast-based ingredients, produced by cultivating C. jadinii on hydrolysate, using either mixed woody species (drum- (WDI) or spray-dried (WSI)) or corn dextrose (drum-dried (DDI)) as the carbon source. Further, the protective effect of intestinal digests on activated THP1-Blue™-induced epithelial damage and cytokine profile was evaluated. Total protein content from these three ingredients ranged from 34 to 45%, while the AA dialysis showed an estimated bioaccessibility between 41 and 58%, indicating good digestibility of all test products. A protective effect against epithelial-induced damage was observed for two of the three tested products. Torula yeast cultivated on wood and drum-dried (WDI) and torula yeast cultivated on wood and spray-dried (WSI) significantly increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values (111-147%, p < 0.05), recovering the epithelial barrier from the inflammation-induced damage in a dose-dependent manner. Further, WSI digests significantly reduced IL8 (250.8 ± 28.1 ng/mL), IL6 (237.9 ± 1.8 pg/mL) and TNF (2797.9 ± 216.3 pg/mL) compared to the blank control (IL8 = 485.7 ± 74.4 ng/mL, IL6 = 478.7 ± 58.9 pg/mL; TNF = 4273.5 ± 20.9 pg/mL) (p < 0.05). These results align with previous in vivo studies, supporting torula yeast-based ingredients as a high-quality protein source for pigs, protecting the intestinal barrier from inflammatory damage, and reducing the pro-inflammatory response. We provided novel insights into the mechanisms behind the health improvement of pigs fed on torula yeast-based ingredients, with potential applications for designing nutritional interventions to recover intestinal homeostasis during critical production periods, such as weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Verstrepen
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (L.V.); (C.D.); (J.D.M.)
| | - Marta Calatayud-Arroyo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council, 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cindy Duysburgh
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (L.V.); (C.D.); (J.D.M.)
| | - Jelle De Medts
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (L.V.); (C.D.); (J.D.M.)
| | | | - Massimo Marzorati
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 82, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (L.V.); (C.D.); (J.D.M.)
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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150
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Couto M, Andrade N, Magro F, Martel F. Taurocholate uptake by Caco-2 cells is inhibited by pro-inflammatory cytokines and butyrate. Cytokine 2023; 169:156307. [PMID: 37487380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic and life-threating inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The active intestinal absorption of bile salts is reduced in IBD, resulting in higher luminal concentrations of these agents that contribute to the pathophysiology of IBD-associated diarrhea. Butyrate (BT) is a short-chain fatty acid produced by colonic bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers. BT utilization is impaired in the intestinal inflamed mucosa of IBD patients. Our aim was to investigate the link between IBD and bile acid absorption, by testing the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ and of BT upon 3H-TC uptake by Caco-2 cells. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ inhibit Na+-independent, non-ASBT (sodium-dependent bile acid transporter)-mediated 3H-TC uptake by Caco-2 cells. The inhibitory effect of these cytokines on Na+-independent 3H-TC uptake is PI3K- and JAK/STAT1-mediated. These two compounds upregulate ASBT expression levels, but no corresponding increase in Na+-dependent component of 3H-TC is observed. Moreover, BT was also found to inhibit 3H-TC uptake and showed an additive effect with IFN-γ in reducing 3H-TC uptake. We conclude that an interaction between BT and bile acids appears to exist in IBD, which may participate in the link between diet, microbiota and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Couto
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nelson Andrade
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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