101
|
Garner SF, Furnell A, Kahan BC, Jones CI, Attwood A, Harrison P, Kelly AM, Goodall AH, Cardigan R, Ouwehand WH. Platelet responses to agonists in a cohort of highly characterised platelet donors are consistent over time. Vox Sang 2016; 112:18-24. [PMID: 28001309 PMCID: PMC5299478 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Platelet function shows significant inheritance that is at least partially genetically controlled. There is also evidence that the platelet response is stable over time, but there are few studies that have assessed consistency of platelet function over months and years. We aimed to measure platelet function in platelet donors over time in individuals selected from a cohort of 956 donors whose platelet function had been previously characterised. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet function was assessed by flow cytometry, measuring fibrinogen binding and P-selectin expression after stimulation with either cross-linked collagen-related peptide or adenosine 5'-diphosphate. Eighty-nine donors from the Cambridge Platelet Function Cohort whose platelet responses were initially within the lower or upper decile of reactivity were retested between 4 months and five and a half years later. RESULTS There was moderate-to-high correlation between the initial and repeat platelet function results for all assays (P ≤ 0·007, r2 0·2961-0·7625); furthermore, the range of results observed in the initial low and high responder groups remained significantly different at the time of the second test (P ≤ 0·0005). CONCLUSION Platelet function remains consistent over time. This implies that this potential influence on quality of donated platelet concentrates will remain essentially constant for a given donor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S F Garner
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Furnell
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B C Kahan
- Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - C I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - A Attwood
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Harrison
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A M Kelly
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - R Cardigan
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W H Ouwehand
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Fu Y, Sun S, Liang J, Liu S, Jiang Y, Xu L, Mei J. PEAR1 gene polymorphism in a Chinese pedigree with pulmonary thromboembolism. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5687. [PMID: 28002340 PMCID: PMC5181824 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the correlation between platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 (PEAR1) genetic polymorphism and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).Variant loci of the PEAR1 gene were screened in a PTE pedigree, followed by verification using Sanger sequencing. These polymorphic loci were validated in 101 PTE patients and 132 matched normal patients using MassARRAY single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping methods. The frequency differences between the allele and genotypes were compared using the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test and Chi-square test. The correlation between the PEAR1 gene SNP and PTE was analyzed by comparing the between-group variance differences using the χ test.Three SNPs were identified in the PTE pedigree. There was a heterozygous transition of T>C in rs1952294, and a transition of C>T in rs778026543 in 2 members in the pedigree; however, the rs778026543 was not identified in the 101 PTE patients and 132 healthy controls. The genotype and allele frequencies of rs822442 did not differ significantly between PTE patients and healthy controls (P > 0.05). The variance difference at rs778026543 between pedigree members and healthy controls was significant (P < 0.001), supporting its potential heredity.The PEAR1 polymorphism, rs778026543, but not rs1952294 and rs822442, may be a susceptibility SNP for PTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyun Fu
- Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Silong Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengguo Liu
- Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqi Jiang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junpu Mei
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Associations of MDR1, TBXA2R, PLA2G7, and PEAR1 genetic polymorphisms with the platelet activity in Chinese ischemic stroke patients receiving aspirin therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1442-1448. [PMID: 27641736 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Aspirin resistance has an incidence of 5%-65% in patients with ischemic stroke, who receive the standard dose of aspirin, but the platelet function is inadequately inhibited, thereby leading to thrombotic events. Numerous evidence shows that thromboxane A2 receptor (TXA2 receptor, encoded by TBXA2R), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2, encoded by PLA2G7) and platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 (PEAR1, encoded by PEAR1) are crucial in regulating platelet activation, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp, encoded by MDR1) influences the absorption of aspirin in the intestine. In this study we examined the correlation between MDR1, TBXA2R, PLA2G7, PEAR1 genetic polymorphisms and platelet activity in Chinese ischemic stroke patients receiving aspirin therapy. METHODS A total of 283 ischemic stroke patients receiving 100 mg aspirin for 7 d were genotyped for polymorphisms in MDR1 C3435T, TBXA2R (rs1131882), PLA2G7 (rs1051931, rs7756935), and PEAR1 (rs12566888, rs12041331). The platelet aggregation response was measured using an automatic platelet aggregation analyzer and a commercially available TXB2 ELISA kit. RESULTS Thirty-three patients (11.66%) were insensitive to aspirin treatment. MDR1 3435TT genotype carriers, whose arachidonic acid (AA) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation was lower than that of CC+CT genotype carriers, were less likely to suffer from aspirin resistance (odds ratio=0.421, 95% CI: 0.233-0.759). The TBXA2R rs1131882 CC genotype, which was found more frequently in the aspirin-insensitive group (81.8% vs 62.4%) than in the sensitive group, was identified as a risk factor for aspirin resistance (odds ratio=2.712, 95% CI: 1.080-6.810) with a higher level of AA-induced platelet aggregation. Due to the combined effects of PLA2G7 rs1051931 and rs7756935, carriers of the AA-CC haplotype had a higher level of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and were at considerably higher risk of aspirin resistance than noncarriers (odds ratio=8.233, 95% CI: 1.590-42.638). CONCLUSION A considerable portion (11.66%) of Chinese ischemic stroke patients are insensitive to aspirin treatment, which may be correlated with the MDR1 C3435T, TBXA2R (rs1131882), and PLA2G7 (rs1051931-rs7756935) polymorphisms.
Collapse
|
104
|
Eicher JD, Xue L, Ben-Shlomo Y, Beswick AD, Johnson AD. Replication and hematological characterization of human platelet reactivity genetic associations in men from the Caerphilly Prospective Study (CaPS). J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 41:343-50. [PMID: 26519038 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-015-1290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelet reactivity, an important factor in hemostasis and chronic disease, has widespread inter-individual variability with a substantial genetic contribution. Previously, our group performed a genome-wide association study of platelet reactivity identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with ADP- and epinephrine- induced aggregation, including SNPs in MRVI1, PIK3CG, JMJD1C, and PEAR1, among others. Here, we assessed the association of these previously identified SNPs with ADP-, thrombin-, and shear- induced platelet aggregation. Additionally, we sought to expand the association of these SNPs with blood cell counts and hemostatic factors. To accomplish this, we examined the association of 12 SNPs with seven platelet reactivity and various hematological measures in 1300 middle-aged men in the Caerphilly Prospective Study. Nine of the examined SNPs showed at least suggestive association with platelet reactivity. The strongest associations were with rs12566888 in PEAR1 to ADP-induced (p = 1.51 × 10(-7)) and thrombin-induced (p = 1.91 × 10(-6)) reactivity in platelet rich plasma. Our results indicate PEAR1 functions in a relatively agonist independent manner, possibly through subsequent intracellular propagation of platelet activation. rs10761741 in JMJD1C showed suggestive association with ADP-induced reactivity (p = 1.35 × 10(-3)), but its strongest associations were with platelet-related cell counts (p = 1.30 × 10(-9)). These associations indicate variation in JMJD1C influences pathways that modulate platelet development as well as those that affect reactivity. Associations with other blood cell counts and hemostatic factors were generally weaker among the tested SNPs, indicating a specificity of these SNPs' function to platelets. Future genome-wide analyses will further assess association of these genes and identify new genes important to platelet biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Eicher
- The Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave. Suite #2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA.,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luting Xue
- The Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave. Suite #2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA.,Biostatistics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave. Suite #2, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA. .,Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Paddock M, Chapin J. Bleeding Diatheses: Approach to the Patient Who Bleeds or Has Abnormal Coagulation. Prim Care 2016; 43:637-650. [PMID: 27866582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many complex elements contribute to normal hemostasis, and an imbalance of these elements may lead to abnormal bleeding. In addition to evaluating medication effects, the hematologist must evaluate for congenital or acquired deficiencies in coagulation factors and platelet disorders. This evaluation should include a thorough bleeding history with careful attention to prior hemostatic challenges and common laboratory testing, including coagulation studies and/or functional platelet assays. An accurate diagnosis of a bleeding diathesis and selection of appropriate treatment are greatly aided by a basic understanding of the mechanisms of disease and the tests used to diagnose them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Paddock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 520 East 70th Street, Starr Pavilion, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - John Chapin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine and New York Presbyterian Hospital, 520 East 70th Street, Starr Pavilion, 3rd Floor, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Criel M, Izzi B, Vandenbriele C, Liesenborghs L, Van kerckhoven S, Lox M, Cludts K, Jones EA, Vanassche T, Verhamme P, Hoylaerts M. Absence of Pear1 does not affect murine platelet function in vivo. Thromb Res 2016; 146:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
107
|
van Iperen EPA, Sivapalaratnam S, Holmes MV, Hovingh GK, Zwinderman AH, Asselbergs FW. Genetic analysis of emerging risk factors in coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2016; 254:35-41. [PMID: 27684604 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 2 diabetes (T2D), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and smoking are established risk factors that play a causal role in coronary artery disease (CAD). Numerous common genetic variants associating with these and other risk factors have been identified, but their association with CAD has not been comprehensively examined in a single study. Our goal was to comprehensively evaluate the associations of established and emerging risk factors with CAD using genetic variants identified from Genome-wide Association Studies (GWAS). METHODS We tested the effect of 60 traditional and putative risk factors with CAD, using summary statistics obtained in GWAS. We approximated the regression of a response variable onto an additive multi-SNP genetic risk score in the Coronary Artery DIsease Genomewide Replication And Meta-analysis (CARDIoGRAM) consortium dataset weighted by the effect of the SNP on the risk factors. RESULTS The strongest association with risk of CAD was for LDL-c SNPs (p = 3.96E-34). For non-established CAD risk factors, we found significant CAD associations for coronary artery calcification (CAC), Lp(a), LP-PLA2 activity, plaque, vWF and FVIII. In an attempt to identify independent associations between risk factors and CAD, only SNPs with an effect on the target trait were included. This identified CAD associations for Lp(a)(p = 1.77E-21), LDL-c (p = 4.16E-06), triglycerides (TG) (p = 1.94E-05), height (p = 2.06E-05), CAC (p = 3.13E-23) and carotid plaque (p = 2.08E-05). CONCLUSIONS We identified SNPs associated with the emerging risk factors Lp(a), TG, plaque, height and CAC to be independently associated with risk of CAD. This provides further support for-ongoing clinical trials of Lp(a) and TG, and suggests that CAC and plaque could be used as surrogate markers for CAD in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik P A van Iperen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Michael V Holmes
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Postula M, Janicki PK, Milanowski L, Pordzik J, Eyileten C, Karlinski M, Wylezol P, Solarska M, Czlonkowka A, Kurkowska-Jastrzebka I, Sugino S, Imamura Y, Mirowska-Guzel D. Association of frequent genetic variants in platelet activation pathway genes with large-vessel ischemic stroke in Polish population. Platelets 2016; 28:66-73. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1203404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
- Perioperative Genomics Laboratory, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Piotr K. Janicki
- Perioperative Genomics Laboratory, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Lukasz Milanowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Pordzik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Karlinski
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Wylezol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Solarska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Czlonkowka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Shigekazu Sugino
- Perioperative Genomics Laboratory, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura
- Genome Sciences Facility, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Tajuddin SM, Schick UM, Eicher JD, Chami N, Giri A, Brody JA, Hill WD, Kacprowski T, Li J, Lyytikäinen LP, Manichaikul A, Mihailov E, O'Donoghue ML, Pankratz N, Pazoki R, Polfus LM, Smith AV, Schurmann C, Vacchi-Suzzi C, Waterworth DM, Evangelou E, Yanek LR, Burt A, Chen MH, van Rooij FJA, Floyd JS, Greinacher A, Harris TB, Highland HM, Lange LA, Liu Y, Mägi R, Nalls MA, Mathias RA, Nickerson DA, Nikus K, Starr JM, Tardif JC, Tzoulaki I, Velez Edwards DR, Wallentin L, Bartz TM, Becker LC, Denny JC, Raffield LM, Rioux JD, Friedrich N, Fornage M, Gao H, Hirschhorn JN, Liewald DCM, Rich SS, Uitterlinden A, Bastarache L, Becker DM, Boerwinkle E, de Denus S, Bottinger EP, Hayward C, Hofman A, Homuth G, Lange E, Launer LJ, Lehtimäki T, Lu Y, Metspalu A, O'Donnell CJ, Quarells RC, Richard M, Torstenson ES, Taylor KD, Vergnaud AC, Zonderman AB, Crosslin DR, Deary IJ, Dörr M, Elliott P, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kähönen M, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Slater AJ, Dehghan A, White HD, Ganesh SK, Loos RJF, Esko T, Faraday N, Wilson JG, Cushman M, Johnson AD, Edwards TL, Zakai NA, Lettre G, Reiner AP, Auer PL. Large-Scale Exome-wide Association Analysis Identifies Loci for White Blood Cell Traits and Pleiotropy with Immune-Mediated Diseases. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:22-39. [PMID: 27346689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
White blood cells play diverse roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Genetic association analyses of phenotypic variation in circulating white blood cell (WBC) counts from large samples of otherwise healthy individuals can provide insights into genes and biologic pathways involved in production, differentiation, or clearance of particular WBC lineages (myeloid, lymphoid) and also potentially inform the genetic basis of autoimmune, allergic, and blood diseases. We performed an exome array-based meta-analysis of total WBC and subtype counts (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, and eosinophils) in a multi-ancestry discovery and replication sample of ∼157,622 individuals from 25 studies. We identified 16 common variants (8 of which were coding variants) associated with one or more WBC traits, the majority of which are pleiotropically associated with autoimmune diseases. Based on functional annotation, these loci included genes encoding surface markers of myeloid, lymphoid, or hematopoietic stem cell differentiation (CD69, CD33, CD87), transcription factors regulating lineage specification during hematopoiesis (ASXL1, IRF8, IKZF1, JMJD1C, ETS2-PSMG1), and molecules involved in neutrophil clearance/apoptosis (C10orf54, LTA), adhesion (TNXB), or centrosome and microtubule structure/function (KIF9, TUBD1). Together with recent reports of somatic ASXL1 mutations among individuals with idiopathic cytopenias or clonal hematopoiesis of undetermined significance, the identification of a common regulatory 3' UTR variant of ASXL1 suggests that both germline and somatic ASXL1 mutations contribute to lower blood counts in otherwise asymptomatic individuals. These association results shed light on genetic mechanisms that regulate circulating WBC counts and suggest a prominent shared genetic architecture with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ursula M Schick
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John D Eicher
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Nathalie Chami
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Linda M Polfus
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Caterina Vacchi-Suzzi
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Nele Friedrich
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 13347, Germany
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA), Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simon de Denus
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Ethan Lange
- Departments of Genetics and Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Chris J O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Cardiology Section and Center for Population Genomics, Boston Veteran's Administration (VA) Healthcare, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Rakale C Quarells
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Social Epidemiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric S Torstenson
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Health Services, and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Andrew J Slater
- OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC 27513, USA; Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Neil A Zakai
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Eicher JD, Chami N, Kacprowski T, Nomura A, Chen MH, Yanek LR, Tajuddin SM, Schick UM, Slater AJ, Pankratz N, Polfus L, Schurmann C, Giri A, Brody JA, Lange LA, Manichaikul A, Hill WD, Pazoki R, Elliot P, Evangelou E, Tzoulaki I, Gao H, Vergnaud AC, Mathias RA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Burt A, Crosslin DR, Lyytikäinen LP, Nikus K, Hernesniemi J, Kähönen M, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Cushman M, Zakai NA, Nickerson DA, Raffield LM, Quarells R, Willer CJ, Peloso GM, Abecasis GR, Liu DJ, Deloukas P, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Erdmann J, Fornage M, Richard M, Tardif JC, Rioux JD, Dube MP, de Denus S, Lu Y, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Smith AV, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Velez Edwards DR, Torstenson ES, Liu Y, Tracy RP, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Highland HM, Boerwinkle E, Li J, Lange E, Wilson JG, Mihailov E, Mägi R, Hirschhorn J, Metspalu A, Esko T, Vacchi-Suzzi C, Nalls MA, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Engström G, Orho-Melander M, Melander O, O'Donoghue ML, Waterworth DM, Wallentin L, White HD, Floyd JS, Bartz TM, Rice KM, Psaty BM, Starr JM, Liewald DCM, Hayward C, Deary IJ, Greinacher A, Völker U, Thiele T, Völzke H, van Rooij FJA, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Dehghan A, Edwards TL, Ganesh SK, Kathiresan S, Faraday N, Auer PL, Reiner AP, Lettre G, Johnson AD. Platelet-Related Variants Identified by Exomechip Meta-analysis in 157,293 Individuals. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:40-55. [PMID: 27346686 PMCID: PMC5005441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet production, maintenance, and clearance are tightly controlled processes indicative of platelets' important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets are common targets for primary and secondary prevention of several conditions. They are monitored clinically by complete blood counts, specifically with measurements of platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV). Identifying genetic effects on PLT and MPV can provide mechanistic insights into platelet biology and their role in disease. Therefore, we formed the Blood Cell Consortium (BCX) to perform a large-scale meta-analysis of Exomechip association results for PLT and MPV in 157,293 and 57,617 individuals, respectively. Using the low-frequency/rare coding variant-enriched Exomechip genotyping array, we sought to identify genetic variants associated with PLT and MPV. In addition to confirming 47 known PLT and 20 known MPV associations, we identified 32 PLT and 18 MPV associations not previously observed in the literature across the allele frequency spectrum, including rare large effect (FCER1A), low-frequency (IQGAP2, MAP1A, LY75), and common (ZMIZ2, SMG6, PEAR1, ARFGAP3/PACSIN2) variants. Several variants associated with PLT/MPV (PEAR1, MRVI1, PTGES3) were also associated with platelet reactivity. In concurrent BCX analyses, there was overlap of platelet-associated variants with red (MAP1A, TMPRSS6, ZMIZ2) and white (PEAR1, ZMIZ2, LY75) blood cell traits, suggesting common regulatory pathways with shared genetic architecture among these hematopoietic lineages. Our large-scale Exomechip analyses identified previously undocumented associations with platelet traits and further indicate that several complex quantitative hematological, lipid, and cardiovascular traits share genetic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Eicher
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Nathalie Chami
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Akihiro Nomura
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9200942, Japan
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ursula M Schick
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew J Slater
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC 27513, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Linda Polfus
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Elliot
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Jussi Hernesniemi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Neil A Zakai
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Rakale Quarells
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Social Epidemiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Goncalo R Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, London E1 4NS, UK; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80333, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dube
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon de Denus
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Eric S Torstenson
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ethan Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Joel Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Caterina Vacchi-Suzzi
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - J M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Thiele
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 13347, Germany
| | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA), Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Departments of Internal and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Allele-specific DNA methylation reinforces PEAR1 enhancer activity. Blood 2016; 128:1003-12. [PMID: 27313330 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-11-682153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation in the PEAR1 locus is linked to platelet reactivity and cardiovascular disease. The major G allele of rs12041331, an intronic cytosine guanine dinucleotide-single-nucleotide polymorphism (CpG-SNP), is associated with higher PEAR1 expression in platelets and endothelial cells than the minor A allele. The molecular mechanism underlying this difference remains elusive. We have characterized the histone modification profiles of the intronic region surrounding rs12041331 and identified H3K4Me1 enhancer-specific enrichment for the region that covers the CpG-SNP. Interestingly, methylation studies revealed that the CpG site is fully methylated in leukocytes of GG carriers. Nuclear protein extracts from megakaryocytes, endothelial cells, vs control HEK-293 cells show a 3-fold higher affinity for the methylated G allele compared with nonmethylated G or A alleles in a gel electrophoretic mobility shift assay. To understand the positive relationship between methylation and gene expression, we studied DNA methylation at 4 different loci of PEAR1 during in vitro megakaryopoiesis. During differentiation, the CpG-SNP remained fully methylated, while we observed rapid methylation increases at the CpG-island overlapping the first 5'-untranslated region exon, paralleling the increased PEAR1 expression. In the same region, A-allele carriers of rs12041331 showed significantly lower DNA methylation at CGI1 compared with GG homozygote. This CpG-island contains binding sites for the methylation-sensitive transcription factor CTCF, whose binding is known to play a role in enhancer activation and/or repression. In conclusion, we report the molecular characterization of the first platelet function-related CpG-SNP, a genetic predisposition that reinforces PEAR1 enhancer activity through allele-specific DNA methylation.
Collapse
|
112
|
Norman JE, Cunningham MR, Jones ML, Walker ME, Westbury SK, Sessions RB, Mundell SJ, Mumford AD. Protease-Activated Receptor 4 Variant p.Tyr157Cys Reduces Platelet Functional Responses and Alters Receptor Trafficking. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:952-60. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.307102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective—
Protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) is a key regulator of platelet reactivity and is encoded by
F2RL3
, which has abundant rare missense variants. We aimed to provide proof of principle that rare
F2LR3
variants potentially affect platelet reactivity and responsiveness to PAR1 antagonist drugs and to explore underlying molecular mechanisms.
Approach and Results—
We identified 6 rare
F2RL3
missense variants in 236 cardiac patients, of which the variant causing a tyrosine 157 to cysteine substitution (Y157C) was predicted computationally to have the greatest effect on PAR4 structure. Y157C platelets from 3 cases showed reduced responses to PAR4-activating peptide and to α-thrombin compared with controls, but no reduction in responses to PAR1-activating peptide. Pretreatment with the PAR1 antagonist vorapaxar caused lower residual α-thrombin responses in Y157C platelets than in controls, indicating greater platelet inhibition. HEK293 cells transfected with a PAR4 Y157C expression construct had reduced PAR4 functional responses, unchanged total PAR4 expression but reduced surface expression. PAR4 Y157C was partially retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and displayed an expression pattern consistent with defective
N
-glycosylation. Mutagenesis of Y322, which is the putative hydrogen bond partner of Y157, also reduced PAR4 surface expression in HEK293 cells.
Conclusions—
Reduced PAR4 responses associated with Y157C result from aberrant anterograde surface receptor trafficking, in part, because of disrupted intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Characterization of PAR4 Y157C establishes that rare
F2RL3
variants have the potential to markedly alter platelet PAR4 reactivity particularly after exposure to therapeutic PAR1 antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane E. Norman
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Margaret R. Cunningham
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Matthew L. Jones
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Mary E. Walker
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Sarah K. Westbury
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Richard B. Sessions
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Stuart J. Mundell
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| | - Andrew D. Mumford
- From the School of Clinical Sciences (J.E.N., M.E.W., S.K.W., A.D.M.), School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.L.J., A.D.M.), School of Biochemistry (R.B.S.), and School of Physiology and Pharmacology (S.J.M.), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.R.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Gurbel PA, Jeong YH, Navarese EP, Tantry US. Platelet-Mediated Thrombosis. Circ Res 2016; 118:1380-91. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pivotal role that platelets play in thrombosis and resultant ischemic event occurrences in patients with high-risk coronary artery disease is well established. This role provides the fundamental basis for the current wide implementation of dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y
12
receptor inhibitor. The development of user friendly point-of-care methods to assess platelet reactivity to adenosine diphosphate has increased the frequency of platelet function testing in clinical practice. Recent large observational studies have established an independent relation between the results of point-of-care platelet function testing and clinical event occurrence in patients undergoing coronary artery stenting. However, prospective, randomized trials have failed to demonstrate that personalized antiplatelet therapy based on point-of-care assessment of platelet function is effective in reducing ischemic event occurrences. Important limitations were associated with these trials. In addition, the concept of a therapeutic window of P2Y
12
receptor reactivity with an upper threshold associated with ischemic event occurrence and a lower threshold associated with bleeding has also been proposed. In the absence of strong prospective evidence to support personalized antiplatelet therapy, clinical decision making about antiplatelet therapy rests on the large body of observational data and the fundamental importance of platelet physiology in catastrophic event occurrence in patients with high-risk coronary artery disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Gurbel
- From the Inova Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA (P.A.G., E.P.N., U.S.T.); and Clinical Trial Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- From the Inova Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA (P.A.G., E.P.N., U.S.T.); and Clinical Trial Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Eliano P. Navarese
- From the Inova Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA (P.A.G., E.P.N., U.S.T.); and Clinical Trial Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Udaya S. Tantry
- From the Inova Center for Thrombosis Research and Drug Development, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, VA (P.A.G., E.P.N., U.S.T.); and Clinical Trial Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea (Y.-H.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Yao Y, Tang XF, Zhang JH, He C, Ma YL, Xu JJ, Song Y, Liu R, Meng XM, Song L, Chen J, Wang M, Xu B, Gao RL, Yuan JQ. Association of PEAR1 genetic variants with platelet reactivity in response to dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel in the Chinese patient population after percutaneous coronary intervention. Thromb Res 2016; 141:28-34. [PMID: 26962983 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor-1 (PEAR1) is a recently reported platelet transmembrane protein which plays an important role in platelet aggregation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PEAR1 genetic variations were associated with platelet reactivity as assessed by adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in Chinese patients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. METHODS Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in the study. All patients were on dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was measured by thromboelastography and defined as percent inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA). Patients (n=204) with IPA <30% were identified as high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR). Patients (n=201) with IPA >70% were identified as low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LPR). Sixteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PEAR1 were determined by a method of improved multiple ligase detection reaction. RESULTS Among the 16 SNPs examined by univariate analysis, 5 SNPs were significantly associated with ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Minor allele C at rs11264580 (p=0.033), minor allele G at rs2644592 (p=0.048), minor allele T at rs3737224 (p=0.033) and minor allele T at rs41273215 (p=0.025) were strongly associated with HPR, whereas homozygous TT genotype at rs57731889 (p=0.009) was associated with LPR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis further revealed that the minor allele T at rs41273215 (p=0.038) was an independent predictor of HPR and the homozygous TT genotype at rs57731889 (p=0.003) was an independent predictor of LPR. CONCLUSIONS PEAR1 genetic variations were strongly associated with ADP-induced platelet aggregation in Chinese patients with CHD treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. These genetic variations may contribute to the variability in platelet function. The utility of PEAR1 genetic variants in the assessment and prediction of cardiovascular risk warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Min Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Lin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Qing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No. 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Choi SH, Ruggiero D, Sorice R, Song C, Nutile T, Vernon Smith A, Concas MP, Traglia M, Barbieri C, Ndiaye NC, Stathopoulou MG, Lagou V, Maestrale GB, Sala C, Debette S, Kovacs P, Lind L, Lamont J, Fitzgerald P, Tönjes A, Gudnason V, Toniolo D, Pirastu M, Bellenguez C, Vasan RS, Ingelsson E, Leutenegger AL, Johnson AD, DeStefano AL, Visvikis-Siest S, Seshadri S, Ciullo M. Six Novel Loci Associated with Circulating VEGF Levels Identified by a Meta-analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1005874. [PMID: 26910538 PMCID: PMC4766012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic and neurotrophic factor, secreted by endothelial cells, known to impact various physiological and disease processes from cancer to cardiovascular disease and to be pharmacologically modifiable. We sought to identify novel loci associated with circulating VEGF levels through a genome-wide association meta-analysis combining data from European-ancestry individuals and using a dense variant map from 1000 genomes imputation panel. Six discovery cohorts including 13,312 samples were analyzed, followed by in-silico and de-novo replication studies including an additional 2,800 individuals. A total of 10 genome-wide significant variants were identified at 7 loci. Four were novel loci (5q14.3, 10q21.3, 16q24.2 and 18q22.3) and the leading variants at these loci were rs114694170 (MEF2C, P = 6.79x10-13), rs74506613 (JMJD1C, P = 1.17x10-19), rs4782371 (ZFPM1, P = 1.59x10-9) and rs2639990 (ZADH2, P = 1.72x10-8), respectively. We also identified two new independent variants (rs34528081, VEGFA, P = 1.52x10-18; rs7043199, VLDLR-AS1, P = 5.12x10-14) at the 3 previously identified loci and strengthened the evidence for the four previously identified SNPs (rs6921438, LOC100132354, P = 7.39x10-1467; rs1740073, C6orf223, P = 2.34x10-17; rs6993770, ZFPM2, P = 2.44x10-60; rs2375981, KCNV2, P = 1.48x10-100). These variants collectively explained up to 52% of the VEGF phenotypic variance. We explored biological links between genes in the associated loci using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis that emphasized their roles in embryonic development and function. Gene set enrichment analysis identified the ERK5 pathway as enriched in genes containing VEGF associated variants. eQTL analysis showed, in three of the identified regions, variants acting as both cis and trans eQTLs for multiple genes. Most of these genes, as well as some of those in the associated loci, were involved in platelet biogenesis and functionality, suggesting the importance of this process in regulation of VEGF levels. This work also provided new insights into the involvement of genes implicated in various angiogenesis related pathologies in determining circulating VEGF levels. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which the identified genes affect circulating VEGF levels could be important in the development of novel VEGF-related therapies for such diseases. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a protein with a fundamental role in development of vascular system. The protein, produced by many types of cells, is released in the blood. High levels of VEGF have been observed in different pathological conditions especially in cancer, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, identifying the genetic factors influencing VEGF levels is important for predicting and treating such pathologies. The number of genetic variants associated with VEGF levels has been limited. To identify new loci, we have performed a Genome Wide Association Study meta-analysis on a sample of more than 16,000 individuals from 10 cohorts, using a high-density genetic map. This analysis revealed 10 variants associated with VEGF circulating levels, 6 of these being novel associations. The 10 variants cumulatively explain more than 50% of the variability of VEGF serum levels. Our analyses have identified genes known to be involved in angiogenesis related diseases and genes implicated in platelet metabolism, suggesting the importance of links between this process and VEGF regulation. Overall, these data have improved our understanding of the genetic variation underlying circulating VEGF levels. This in turn could guide our response to the challenge posed by various VEGF-related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoan Choi
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossella Sorice
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Ci Song
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute of Population Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, Italy
| | - Michela Traglia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Barbieri
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- UMR INSERM U1122, IGE-PCV “Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire”, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Maria G. Stathopoulou
- UMR INSERM U1122, IGE-PCV “Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire”, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cinzia Sala
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Stephanie Debette
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Peter Kovacs
- University of Leipzig, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Lamont
- Randox Laboratories, Crumlin, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anke Tönjes
- University of Leipzig, Department of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Population Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, Italy
| | - Celine Bellenguez
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- INSEM U744, Lille, France
- Université Lille-Nord de France, Lille, France
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne-Louise Leutenegger
- INSERM U946, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IUH, UMR-S 946, Paris, France
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anita L. DeStefano
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- UMR INSERM U1122, IGE-PCV “Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire”, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (MC)
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (SS); (MC)
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Hohman TJ, Bush WS, Jiang L, Brown-Gentry KD, Torstenson ES, Dudek SM, Mukherjee S, Naj A, Kunkle BW, Ritchie MD, Martin ER, Schellenberg GD, Mayeux R, Farrer LA, Pericak-Vance MA, Haines JL, Thornton-Wells TA. Discovery of gene-gene interactions across multiple independent data sets of late onset Alzheimer disease from the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 38:141-150. [PMID: 26827652 PMCID: PMC4735733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) has a complex genetic etiology, involving locus heterogeneity, polygenic inheritance, and gene-gene interactions; however, the investigation of interactions in recent genome-wide association studies has been limited. We used a biological knowledge-driven approach to evaluate gene-gene interactions for consistency across 13 data sets from the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP pairs within 3 gene-gene combinations were identified: SIRT1 × ABCB1, PSAP × PEBP4, and GRIN2B × ADRA1A. In addition, we extend a previously identified interaction from an endophenotype analysis between RYR3 × CACNA1C. Finally, post hoc gene expression analyses of the implicated SNPs further implicate SIRT1 and ABCB1, and implicate CDH23 which was most recently identified as an AD risk locus in an epigenetic analysis of AD. The observed interactions in this article highlight ways in which genotypic variation related to disease may depend on the genetic context in which it occurs. Further, our results highlight the utility of evaluating genetic interactions to explain additional variance in AD risk and identify novel molecular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Eric S Torstenson
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott M Dudek
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Adam Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Tricia A Thornton-Wells
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Maluf CB, Barreto SM, dos Reis RC, Vidigal PG. Platelet volume is associated with the Framingham risk score for cardiovascular disease in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 54:879-87. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Platelet volume indices (PVI), an easy and inexpensive surrogate measure of platelet function, have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors. However, results are conflicting because of the lack of standardized procedures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of PVI with the Framingham risk score (FRS).Methods:Baseline data (2008–2010) of 3115 participants enrolled in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) were used. PVI measurements were strictly controlled. The cohort was distributed according to risk factors and the general FRS was estimated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PVI and FRS.Results:Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) independently correlated (p≤0.01) with FRS after adjustment for confounding variables. One unit increase in MPV, PDW, or P-LCR increased the FRS by 0.59%, 0.40%, and 0.08%, respectively. Diabetics had higher (p≤0.004) MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, and hypertensive individuals had higher (p≤0.045) PDW and P-LCR.Conclusions:Increased PVI was independently correlated with higher CVD risk based on the FRS, diabetes, and systolic hypertension. Prospective follow up of this cohort is warranted to confirm that PVI is associated with the development of CVD.
Collapse
|
118
|
Kubisz P, Stanciakova L, Stasko J, Dobrotova M, Skerenova M, Ivankova J, Holly P. Sticky platelet syndrome: an important cause of life-threatening thrombotic complications. Expert Rev Hematol 2015; 9:21-35. [PMID: 26567442 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2016.1121095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sticky platelet syndrome (SPS) is a prothrombotic thrombocytopathy with familial occurrence, characterized by hyperaggregability of platelets in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine (EPI) or both. The syndrome has been identified in approximately 21% of unexplained arterial thrombotic episodes, regarded to be the most common thrombophilia in arterial thrombosis and 13.2% of unexplained venous thromboembolism (VTE). The relatively young age at the first manifestation, relation to fertility and pregnancy, seriousness of the symptoms, easy and effective management of the disorder indicate to the necessity to take it into account in the differential diagnosis of the underlying cause of the thrombotic event. As the various localizations of the thrombosis in SPS have been reported, its management often requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review deals with the clinical aspects of thrombophilia, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis as well as novel advances in the treatment and outlines the challenges for the further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kubisz
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Stanciakova
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Stasko
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslava Dobrotova
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Maria Skerenova
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Jela Ivankova
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Holly
- a National Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Clinic of Hematology and Transfusiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin , Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin University Hospital , Martin , Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Postula M, Janicki PK, Eyileten C, Rosiak M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Sugino S, Wilimski R, Kosior DA, Opolski G, Filipiak KJ, Mirowska-Guzel D. Next-generation re-sequencing of genes involved in increased platelet reactivity in diabetic patients on acetylsalicylic acid. Platelets 2015; 27:357-64. [PMID: 26599574 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1109071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether rare missense genetic variants in several genes related to platelet functions and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) response are associated with the platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes type 2 (T2D) on ASA therapy. Fifty eight exons and corresponding introns of eight selected genes, including PTGS1, PTGS2, TXBAS1, PTGIS, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, TXBA2R, and P2RY1 were re-sequenced in 230 DNA samples from T2D patients by using a pooled PCR amplification and next-generation sequencing by Illumina HiSeq2000. The observed non-synonymous variants were confirmed by individual genotyping of 384 DNA samples comprising of the individuals from the original discovery pools and additional verification cohort of 154 ASA-treated T2DM patients. The association between investigated phenotypes (ASA induced changes in platelets reactivity by PFA-100, VerifyNow and serum thromboxane B2 level [sTxB2]), and accumulation of rare missense variants (genetic burden) in investigated genes was tested using statistical collapsing tests. We identified a total of 35 exonic variants, including 3 common missense variants, 15 rare missense variants, and 17 synonymous variants in 8 investigated genes. The rare missense variants exhibited statistically significant difference in the accumulation pattern between a group of patients with increased and normal platelet reactivity based on PFA-100 assay. Our study suggests that genetic burden of the rare functional variants in eight genes may contribute to differences in the platelet reactivity measured with the PFA-100 assay in the T2DM patients treated with ASA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Postula
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland.,b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Piotr K Janicki
- b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marek Rosiak
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland.,c Department of Cardiology and Hypertension , Central Clinical Hospital, The Ministry of the Interior , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Shigekazu Sugino
- b Perioperative Genomics Laboratory , Penn State College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Radosław Wilimski
- e Department of Cardiac Surgery , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Dariusz A Kosior
- c Department of Cardiology and Hypertension , Central Clinical Hospital, The Ministry of the Interior , Warsaw , Poland.,f Department of Applied Physiology , Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- d Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Medical University of Warsaw, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT , Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Zoledziewska M, Sidore C, Chiang CWK, Sanna S, Mulas A, Steri M, Busonero F, Marcus JH, Marongiu M, Maschio A, Ortega Del Vecchyo D, Floris M, Meloni A, Delitala A, Concas MP, Murgia F, Biino G, Vaccargiu S, Nagaraja R, Lohmueller KE, Timpson NJ, Soranzo N, Tachmazidou I, Dedoussis G, Zeggini E, Uzzau S, Jones C, Lyons R, Angius A, Abecasis GR, Novembre J, Schlessinger D, Cucca F. Height-reducing variants and selection for short stature in Sardinia. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1352-1356. [PMID: 26366551 PMCID: PMC4627578 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report sequencing-based whole-genome association analyses to evaluate the impact of rare and founder variants on stature in 6,307 individuals on the island of Sardinia. We identify two variants with large effects. One variant, which introduces a stop codon in the GHR gene, is relatively frequent in Sardinia (0.87% versus <0.01% elsewhere) and in the homozygous state causes Laron syndrome involving short stature. We find that this variant reduces height in heterozygotes by an average of 4.2 cm (-0.64 s.d.). The other variant, in the imprinted KCNQ1 gene (minor allele frequency (MAF) = 7.7% in Sardinia versus <1% elsewhere) reduces height by an average of 1.83 cm (-0.31 s.d.) when maternally inherited. Additionally, polygenic scores indicate that known height-decreasing alleles are at systematically higher frequencies in Sardinians than would be expected by genetic drift. The findings are consistent with selection for shorter stature in Sardinia and a suggestive human example of the proposed 'island effect' reducing the size of large mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Charleston W. K. Chiang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maristella Steri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Busonero
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Michele Marongiu
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Maschio
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, DNA Sequencing Core, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Matteo Floris
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research, and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), AGCT Program, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico della Sardegna, Pula, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Delitala
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federico Murgia
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ramaiah Nagaraja
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kirk E. Lohmueller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - UK10K consortium
- A complete list of members and affiliations is provided in the Supplementary Note
| | | | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1HH
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0AH
| | - Ioanna Tachmazidou
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1HH
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1HH
| | | | - Sergio Uzzau
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Porto Conte Ricerche srl, Tramariglio, Alghero, Italy
| | - Chris Jones
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research, and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), AGCT Program, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico della Sardegna, Pula, Italy
| | - Robert Lyons
- University of Michigan, DNA Sequencing Core, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrea Angius
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research, and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), AGCT Program, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico della Sardegna, Pula, Italy
| | | | - John Novembre
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Gallego-Fabrega C, Krupinski J, Fernandez-Cadenas I. La resistencia en el tratamiento secundario del ictus isquémico, el componente genético en la respuesta a ácido acetilsalicílico y clopidogrel. Neurologia 2015; 30:566-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
|
122
|
Drug resistance and secondary treatment of ischaemic stroke: The genetic component of the response to acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
123
|
Fisch AS, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Backman JD, Wang H, Donnelly P, Ryan KA, Parihar A, Pavlovich MA, Mitchell BD, O’Connell JR, Herzog W, Harman CR, Wren JD, Lewis JP. Genetic Variation in the Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1 Gene Results in Endothelial Dysfunction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138795. [PMID: 26406321 PMCID: PMC4583223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1 (PEAR1) is a newly identified membrane protein reported to be involved in multiple vascular and thrombotic processes. While most studies to date have focused on the effects of this receptor in platelets, PEAR1 is located in multiple tissues including the endothelium, where it is most highly expressed. Our first objective was to evaluate the role of PEAR1 in endothelial function by examining flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery in 641 participants from the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study. Our second objective was to further define the impact of PEAR1 on cardiovascular disease computationally through meta-analysis of 75,000 microarrays, yielding insights regarding PEAR1 function, and predictions of phenotypes and diseases affected by PEAR1 dysregulation. Based on the results of this meta-analysis we examined whether genetic variation in PEAR1 influences endothelial function using an ex vivo assay of endothelial cell migration. We observed a significant association between rs12041331 and flow-mediated dilation in participants of the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study (P = 0.02). Meta-analysis results revealed that PEAR1 expression is highly correlated with several genes (e.g. ANG2, ACVRL1, ENG) and phenotypes (e.g. endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis) that are integral to endothelial function. Functional validation of these results revealed that PEAR1 rs12041331 is significantly associated with endothelial migration (P = 0.04). Our results suggest for the first time that genetic variation of PEAR1 is a significant determinant of endothelial function through pathways implicated in cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Fisch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Backman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hong Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patrick Donnelly
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kathleen A. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ankita Parihar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary A. Pavlovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William Herzog
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Harman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Program in Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Joshua P. Lewis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Eicher JD, Wakabayashi Y, Vitseva O, Esa N, Yang Y, Zhu J, Freedman JE, McManus DD, Johnson AD. Characterization of the platelet transcriptome by RNA sequencing in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Platelets 2015; 27:230-9. [PMID: 26367242 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1083543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transcripts in platelets are largely produced in precursor megakaryocytes but remain physiologically active as platelets translate RNAs and regulate protein/RNA levels. Recent studies using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) characterized the platelet transcriptome in limited number of non-diseased individuals. Here, we expand upon these RNA-seq studies by completing RNA-seq in platelets from 32 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Our goals were to characterize the platelet transcriptome using a population of patients with acute MI and relate gene expression to platelet aggregation measures and ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) (n = 16) vs. non-STEMI (NSTEMI) (n = 16) subtypes. Similar to other studies, we detected 9565 expressed transcripts, including several known platelet-enriched markers (e.g. PPBP, OST4). Our RNA-seq data strongly correlated with independently ascertained platelet expression data and showed enrichment for platelet-related pathways (e.g. wound response, hemostasis, and platelet activation), as well as actin-related and post-transcriptional processes. Several transcripts displayed suggestively higher (FBXL4, ECHDC3, KCNE1, TAOK2, AURKB, ERG, and FKBP5) and lower (MIAT, PVRL3, and PZP) expression in STEMI platelets compared to NSTEMI. We also identified transcripts correlated with platelet aggregation to TRAP (ATP6V1G2, SLC2A3), collagen (CEACAM1, ITGA2), and ADP (PDGFB, PDGFC, ST3GAL6). Our study adds to current platelet gene expression resources by providing transcriptome-wide analyses in platelets isolated from patients with acute MI. In concert with prior studies, we identify various genes for further study in regards to platelet function and acute MI. Future platelet RNA-seq studies examining more diverse sets of healthy and diseased samples will add to our understanding of platelet thrombotic and non-thrombotic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Eicher
- a The Framingham Heart Study , Framingham , MA , USA .,b National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Population Sciences Branch , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Wakabayashi
- c National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core Laboratory , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Olga Vitseva
- d Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine , University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester , MA , USA , and
| | - Nada Esa
- e Memorial Heart and Vascular Center, University of Massachusetts , Worcester , MA , USA
| | - Yanqin Yang
- c National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core Laboratory , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- c National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core Laboratory , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Jane E Freedman
- e Memorial Heart and Vascular Center, University of Massachusetts , Worcester , MA , USA
| | - David D McManus
- e Memorial Heart and Vascular Center, University of Massachusetts , Worcester , MA , USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- a The Framingham Heart Study , Framingham , MA , USA .,b National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Population Sciences Branch , Bethesda , MD , USA
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Sokol J, Skerenova M, Biringer K, Lasabova Z, Stasko J, Kubisz P. Genetic variations of the GP6 regulatory region in patients with sticky platelet syndrome and miscarriage. Expert Rev Hematol 2015; 8:863-8. [PMID: 26308704 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2015.1083417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thrombophilia increases the risk of venous thrombosis during pregnancy and may predispose to gestational vascular complications. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the variability of GP6 regulatory regions in a group of patients with platelet hyperaggregability manifested as miscarriage compared with control subjects. METHODS We examined 27 female patients with platelet hyperaggregability and history of spontaneous abortion and 42 healthy women. Platelet hyperaggregability was established by light transmission aggregometry. We also assessed eight SNPs within the GP6 gene. RESULTS We found a higher occurrence of three SNPs in patients with platelet hyperaggregability and history of miscarriage (rs1671152, rs1654433, rs1671215). The haplotype analysis showed a significant higher occurrence of two haplotypes (ACGG, CCGT). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the idea that genetic variability of GP6 regulatory regions can be associated with platelet hyperaggregability - a possible cause of miscarriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Sokol
- a 1 Department of Hematology and Transfusiology, National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Maria Skerenova
- b 2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- c 3 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Zora Lasabova
- d 4 Department of Molecular Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Stasko
- a 1 Department of Hematology and Transfusiology, National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubisz
- a 1 Department of Hematology and Transfusiology, National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Yang Y, Lewis JP, Hulot JS, Scott SA. The pharmacogenetic control of antiplatelet response: candidate genes and CYP2C19. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1599-617. [PMID: 26173871 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1068757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor are antiplatelet agents for the prevention of ischemic events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and other indications. Variability in response is observed to different degrees with these agents, which can translate to increased risks for adverse cardiovascular events. As such, potential pharmacogenetic determinants of antiplatelet pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical outcomes have been actively studied. AREAS COVERED This article provides an overview of the available antiplatelet pharmacogenetics literature. Evidence supporting the significance of candidate genes and their potential influence on antiplatelet response and clinical outcomes are summarized and evaluated. Additional focus is directed at CYP2C19 and clopidogrel response, including the availability of clinical testing and genotype-directed antiplatelet therapy. EXPERT OPINION The reported aspirin response candidate genes have not been adequately replicated and few candidate genes have thus far been implicated in prasugrel or ticagrelor response. However, abundant data support the clinical validity of CYP2C19 and clopidogrel response variability among ACS/PCI patients. Although limited prospective trial data are available to support the utility of routine CYP2C19 testing, the increased risks for reduced clopidogrel efficacy among ACS/PCI patients that carry CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles should be considered when genotype results are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- a 1 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , New York, NY, USA +1 212 241 3780 ; +1 212 241 0139 ;
| | - Joshua P Lewis
- b 2 University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- c 3 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Research Center , New York, NY, USA.,d 4 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM , UMR_S 1166 ICAN, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stuart A Scott
- a 1 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , New York, NY, USA +1 212 241 3780 ; +1 212 241 0139 ;
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Friede KA, Ginsburg GS, Voora D. Gene Expression Signatures and the Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2015; 8:339-52. [PMID: 26089288 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-015-9640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 10-15 years, developments in gene expression profiling have opened new arenas for the discovery of important factors in the pathogenesis of numerous disease processes, including coronary artery disease. Messenger RNA and microRNA are differentially expressed in patients with coronary plaques, acute plaque rupture, and response to well-established treatments for acute coronary syndromes. In this review, we will explore recent developments in messenger RNA and microRNA technology at each stage of a patient's progression through the natural history of cardiovascular disease, including evaluation of risk factors, prediction and detection of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes, and finally, response to treatments for coronary artery disease and its sequelae including congestive heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Friede
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
128
|
Lim ST, Coughlan CA, Murphy SJX, Fernandez-Cadenas I, Montaner J, Thijs V, Marquardt L, McCabe DJH. Platelet function testing in transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature. Platelets 2015; 26:402-12. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1049139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
129
|
Genome-wide association study of platelet aggregation in African Americans. BMC Genet 2015; 16:58. [PMID: 26024889 PMCID: PMC4448541 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that platelet aggregation has higher heritability in African Americans than European Americans. However, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of platelet aggregation in African Americans has not been reported. We measured platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid, ADP, collagen, or epinephrine by optical aggregometry. The discovery cohort was 825 African Americans from the GeneSTAR study. Two replication cohorts were used: 119 African Americans from the Platelet Genes and Physiology Study and 1221 European Americans from GeneSTAR. Genotyping was conducted with Illumina 1 M arrays. For each cohort, age- and sex-adjusted linear mixed models were used to test for association between each SNP and each phenotype under an additive model. RESULTS Six SNPs were significantly associated with platelet aggregation (P<5×10(-8)) in the discovery sample. Of these, three SNPs in three different loci were confirmed: 1) rs12041331, in PEAR1 (platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1), replicated in both African and European Americans for collagen- and epinephrine-induced aggregation, and in European Americans for ADP-induced aggregation; 2) rs11202221, in BMPR1A (bone morphogenetic protein receptor type1A), replicated in African Americans for ADP-induced aggregation; and 3) rs6566765 replicated in European Americans for ADP-induced aggregation. The rs11202221 and rs6566765 associations with agonist-induced platelet aggregation are novel. CONCLUSIONS In this first GWAS of agonist-induced platelet aggregation in African Americans, we discovered and replicated, novel associations of two variants with ADP-induced aggregation, and confirmed the association of a PEAR1 variant with multi-agonist-induced aggregation. Further study of these genes may provide novel insights into platelet biology.
Collapse
|
130
|
Effect of genetic variation in P2Y12 on TRAP-stimulated platelet response in healthy subjects. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2015; 38:372-9. [PMID: 24510678 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-014-1058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In platelets, thrombin receptor signaling depends upon the release of adenosine diphosphate and subsequent activation at purinergic subtype Y (P2Y) receptors. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of specific P2Y12 polymorphisms on platelet reactivity in healthy subjects mediated by thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP). We recruited a total of 29 healthy volunteers who had been previously genotyped for two polymorphisms of the P2Y12 receptor: the H2 haplotype (rs2046934) and 34C>T (rs6785930). Flow cytometry and the VerifyNow assay were used to assess platelet activation and aggregation stimulated by TRAP in the presence and absence of specific receptor antagonists for the P2Y1, P2Y12, and thromboxane A2 receptors. We identified a significant recessive effect of the P2Y12-receptor H2 haplotype on TRAP-induced flow cytometry. Specifically, H2/H2 carriers (n = 5) demonstrated a significant reduction in both glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor activation (p < 0.001) and CD62P expression (p = 0.035). While the VerifyNow assay did not reveal any effect of haplotype on TRAP-mediated platelet aggregation (p = 0.72), the H2/H2 subjects demonstrated greater platelet inhibition in the presence of cangrelor, a specific receptor antagonist for the P2Y12 receptor (p = 0.023). No consistent effects of the separate 34C>T genotype (rs6785930) were demonstrated under the conditions evaluated. The findings of this study suggest a potential association between P2Y12-receptor H2/H2 carriers and reduced platelet function mediated by TRAP in healthy volunteers.
Collapse
|
131
|
The regulator of G-protein signaling 18 regulates platelet aggregation, hemostasis and thrombosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 462:378-82. [PMID: 25969426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are known to interact with and negatively regulate/turn-off G protein activation. RGS18 is identified as an R4 subfamily member of this family with specific expression in hematopoietic progenitors, myeloerythroid cells, megakaryocytes and platelets. Studies focused on understanding its function in platelet biology have been limited, in part, due to lack of pharmacological inhibitors. Thus, the present study investigated the function of RGS18 in platelets, using the RGS18 knockout mouse model (RGS18(-/-)). We identified phenotypic differences between RGS18(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice, and show that RGS18 plays a significant role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Hence, RGS18 deficiency markedly shortened bleeding as well as occlusion times (in vivo). Furthermore, RGS18(-/-) platelets displayed hyper-responsiveness with regards to agonist induced aggregation (in vitro). This gain of function phenotype may serve as the mechanism or explain, at least in part, the enhanced hemostasis and thrombosis phenotype observed in the RGS18 deletion mice. Collectively, our findings provide valuable insight and highlight a critical and direct role for RGS18 in modulating platelet function.
Collapse
|
132
|
Malik R, Freilinger T, Winsvold BS, Anttila V, Vander Heiden J, Traylor M, de Vries B, Holliday EG, Terwindt GM, Sturm J, Bis JC, Hopewell JC, Ferrari MD, Rannikmae K, Wessman M, Kallela M, Kubisch C, Fornage M, Meschia JF, Lehtimäki T, Sudlow C, Clarke R, Chasman DI, Mitchell BD, Maguire J, Kaprio J, Farrall M, Raitakari OT, Kurth T, Ikram MA, Reiner AP, Longstreth WT, Rothwell PM, Strachan DP, Sharma P, Seshadri S, Quaye L, Cherkas L, Schürks M, Rosand J, Ligthart L, Boncoraglio GB, Davey Smith G, van Duijn CM, Stefansson K, Worrall BB, Nyholt DR, Markus HS, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Cotsapas C, Zwart JA, Palotie A, Dichgans M. Shared genetic basis for migraine and ischemic stroke: A genome-wide analysis of common variants. Neurology 2015; 84:2132-45. [PMID: 25934857 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify genetic overlap between migraine and ischemic stroke (IS) with respect to common genetic variation. METHODS We applied 4 different approaches to large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide data on migraine (23,285 cases and 95,425 controls) and IS (12,389 cases and 62,004 controls). First, we queried known genome-wide significant loci for both disorders, looking for potential overlap of signals. We then analyzed the overall shared genetic load using polygenic scores and estimated the genetic correlation between disease subtypes using data derived from these models. We further interrogated genomic regions of shared risk using analysis of covariance patterns between the 2 phenotypes using cross-phenotype spatial mapping. RESULTS We found substantial genetic overlap between migraine and IS using all 4 approaches. Migraine without aura (MO) showed much stronger overlap with IS and its subtypes than migraine with aura (MA). The strongest overlap existed between MO and large artery stroke (LAS; p = 6.4 × 10(-28) for the LAS polygenic score in MO) and between MO and cardioembolic stroke (CE; p = 2.7 × 10(-20) for the CE score in MO). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate shared genetic susceptibility to migraine and IS, with a particularly strong overlap between MO and both LAS and CE pointing towards shared mechanisms. Our observations on MA are consistent with a limited role of common genetic variants in this subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Malik
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Sturm
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | - Maija Wessman
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Mikko Kallela
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | - Myriam Fornage
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Cathie Sudlow
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Robert Clarke
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Jane Maguire
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Martin Farrall
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | - Tobias Kurth
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - W T Longstreth
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | - Pankaj Sharma
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Lydia Quaye
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Lynn Cherkas
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Markus Schürks
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dale R Nyholt
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Hugh S Markus
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | - Chris Cotsapas
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - John A Zwart
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Author affiliations are provided at the end of the article
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Sun Y, Vandenbriele C, Kauskot A, Verhamme P, Hoylaerts MF, Wright GJ. A Human Platelet Receptor Protein Microarray Identifies the High Affinity Immunoglobulin E Receptor Subunit α (FcεR1α) as an Activating Platelet Endothelium Aggregation Receptor 1 (PEAR1) Ligand. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:1265-74. [PMID: 25713122 PMCID: PMC4424398 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.046946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies to identify loci responsible for platelet function and cardiovascular disease susceptibility have repeatedly identified polymorphisms linked to a gene encoding platelet endothelium aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1), an “orphan” cell surface receptor that is activated to stabilize platelet aggregates. To investigate how PEAR1 signaling is initiated, we sought to identify its extracellular ligand by creating a protein microarray representing the secretome and receptor repertoire of the human platelet. Using an avid soluble recombinant PEAR1 protein and a systematic screening assay designed to detect extracellular interactions, we identified the high affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor subunit α (FcεR1α) as a PEAR1 ligand. FcεR1α and PEAR1 directly interacted through their membrane-proximal Ig-like and 13th epidermal growth factor domains with a relatively strong affinity (KD ∼ 30 nm). Precomplexing FcεR1α with IgE potently inhibited the FcεR1α-PEAR1 interaction, and this was relieved by the anti-IgE therapeutic omalizumab. Oligomerized FcεR1α potentiated platelet aggregation and led to PEAR1 phosphorylation, an effect that was also inhibited by IgE. These findings demonstrate how a protein microarray resource can be used to gain important insight into the function of platelet receptors and provide a mechanistic basis for the initiation of PEAR1 signaling in platelet aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- From the ‡Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom and
| | - Christophe Vandenbriele
- §Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- §Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Peter Verhamme
- §Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- §Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Gavin J Wright
- From the ‡Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom and
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Beitelshees AL, Voora D, Lewis JP. Personalized antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy: applications and significance of pharmacogenomics. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2015; 8:43-61. [PMID: 25897256 PMCID: PMC4397717 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s52900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, substantial effort has been made to better understand the influence of genetic factors on the efficacy and safety of numerous medications. These investigations suggest that the use of pharmacogenetic data to inform physician decision-making has great potential to enhance patient care by reducing on-treatment clinical events, adverse drug reactions, and health care-related costs. In fact, integration of such information into the clinical setting may be particularly applicable for antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapeutics, given the increasing body of evidence implicating genetic variation in variable drug response. In this review, we summarize currently available pharmacogenetic information for the most commonly used antiplatelet (ie, clopidogrel and aspirin) and anticoagulation (ie, warfarin) medications. Furthermore, we highlight the currently known role of genetic variability in response to next-generation antiplatelet (prasugrel and ticagrelor) and anticoagulant (dabigatran) agents. While compelling evidence suggests that genetic variants are important determinants of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy response, significant barriers to clinical implementation of pharmacogenetic testing exist and are described herein. In addition, we briefly discuss development of new diagnostic targets and therapeutic strategies as well as implications for enhanced patient care. In conclusion, pharmacogenetic testing can provide important information to assist clinicians with prescribing the most personalized and effective antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy. However, several factors may limit its usefulness and should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Beitelshees
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deepak Voora
- Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua P Lewis
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Jones ML, Norman JE, Morgan NV, Mundell SJ, Lordkipanidzé M, Lowe GC, Daly ME, Simpson MA, Drake S, Watson SP, Mumford AD. Diversity and impact of rare variants in genes encoding the platelet G protein-coupled receptors. Thromb Haemost 2015; 113:826-37. [PMID: 25567036 PMCID: PMC4510585 DOI: 10.1160/th14-08-0679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelet responses to activating agonists are influenced by common population variants within or near G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes that affect receptor activity. However, the impact of rare GPCR gene variants is unknown. We describe the rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the coding and splice regions of 18 GPCR genes in 7,595 exomes from the 1,000-genomes and Exome Sequencing Project databases and in 31 cases with inherited platelet function disorders (IPFDs). In the population databases, the GPCR gene target regions contained 740 SNVs (318 synonymous, 410 missense, 7 stop gain and 6 splice region) of which 70 % had global minor allele frequency (MAF) < 0.05 %. Functional annotation using six computational algorithms, experimental evidence and structural data identified 156/740 (21 %) SNVs as potentially damaging to GPCR function, most commonly in regions encoding the transmembrane and C-terminal intracellular receptor domains. In 31 index cases with IPFDs (Gi-pathway defect n=15; secretion defect n=11; thromboxane pathway defect n=3 and complex defect n=2) there were 256 SNVs in the target regions of 15 stimulatory platelet GPCRs (34 unique; 12 with MAF< 1 % and 22 with MAF≥ 1 %). These included rare variants predicting R122H, P258T and V207A substitutions in the P2Y12 receptor that were annotated as potentially damaging, but only partially explained the platelet function defects in each case. Our data highlight that potentially damaging variants in platelet GPCR genes have low individual frequencies, but are collectively abundant in the population. Potentially damaging variants are also present in pedigrees with IPFDs and may contribute to complex laboratory phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew D Mumford
- Dr. A. D. Mumford, University of Bristol, Level 7 Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 117 3423152, Fax: +44 117 3424036, E-mail
| | | |
Collapse
|
136
|
Lieb W, Chen MH, Larson MG, Safa R, Teumer A, Baumeister SE, Lin H, Smith HM, Koch M, Lorbeer R, Völker U, Nauck M, Völzke H, Wallaschofski H, Sawyer DB, Vasan RS. Genome-wide association study for endothelial growth factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 8:389-97. [PMID: 25552591 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial growth factors including angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), its soluble receptor Tie-2 (sTie-2), and hepatocyte growth factor play important roles in angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, local tumor growth, and metastatic potential of various cancers. Circulating levels of these biomarkers have a heritable component (between 13% and 56%), but the underlying genetic variation influencing these biomarker levels is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a genome-wide association study for circulating Ang-2, sTie-2, and hepatocyte growth factor in 3571 Framingham Heart Study participants and assessed replication of the top hits for Ang-2 and sTie-2 in 3184 participants of the Study of Health in Pomerania. In multivariable-adjusted models, sTie-2 and hepatocyte growth factor concentrations were associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes encoding the respective biomarkers (top P=2.40×10(-65) [rs2273720] and 3.64×10(-19) [rs5745687], respectively). Likewise, rs2442517 in the MCPH1 gene (in which the Ang-2 gene is embedded) was associated with Ang-2 levels (P=5.05×10(-8) in Framingham Heart Study and 8.39×10(-5) in Study of Health in Pomerania). Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the AB0 gene were associated with sTie-2 (top single-nucleotide polymorphism rs8176693 with P=1.84×10(-33) in Framingham Heart Study; P=2.53×10(-30) in Study of Health in Pomerania) and Ang-2 (rs8176746 with P=2.07×10(-8) in Framingham Heart Study; P=0.001 in Study of Health in Pomerania) levels on a genome-wide significant level. The top genetic loci were explained between 1.7% (Ang-2) and 11.2% (sTie-2) of the interindividual variation in biomarker levels. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation contributes to the interindividual variation in growth factor levels and explains a modest proportion of circulating hepatocyte growth factor, Ang-2, and Tie-2. This may potentially contribute to the familial susceptibility to cancer, a premise that warrants further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lieb
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Martin G Larson
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Radwan Safa
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Alexander Teumer
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Sebastian E Baumeister
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Honghuang Lin
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Holly M Smith
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Manja Koch
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Roberto Lorbeer
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Uwe Völker
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Matthias Nauck
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Henry Völzke
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Douglas B Sawyer
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- From the Framingham Heart Study, MA (W.L., M.-H.C., M.G.L., H.L., R.S.V.); Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Neurology (M.-H.C.), Division of Graduate Medical Sciences (R.S.), Department of Medicine (H.L.), Section of Epidemiology and Prevention, School of Medicine (R.S.V.), Department of Mathematics (M.G.L.), and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (R.S.V.), Boston University, MA; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (A.T., U.V.), Section Study of Health in Pomerania - Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (A.T., S.E.B., R.L., H.V.), and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N., H.W.), University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany; Cardiovascular Division, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (H.M.S., D.B.S.); and German Center of Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (U.V., M.N., H.V., H.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Olivi L, Vandenbriele C, Gu YM, Salvi E, Carpini SD, Liu YP, Jacobs L, Jin Y, Thijs L, Citterio L, Cusi D, Verhamme P, Staessen JA. PEAR1 is not a human hypertension-susceptibility gene. Blood Press 2014; 24:61-4. [PMID: 25541647 DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2014.986928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) is a membrane protein involved in platelet contact-induced activation and sustained platelet aggregation. Experimental studies identified PEAR1, as a candidate gene that may be linked to the blood-pressure driven kidney injury in salt-sensitive Dahl rats. AIM In a family-based European population study (mean age 39.7 years; 52.2% women), we searched for association of changes in blood pressure or incidence of hypertension with genetic variation in PEAR1. METHODS Among 1973 randomly recruited people, genotyped for PEAR1, we measured blood pressure at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Median follow-up was 10.0 years. While accounting for family clusters and blood pressure at baseline and with adjustments applied for sex, age, body mass index, smoking and drinking, total cholesterol, and antihypertensive drug treatment, all associations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes with nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PEAR1 were all non-significant (p ≥ 0.059). With similar adjustments, the incidence of hypertension (397 cases among 1532 participants were normotensive at baseline [25.9%]) was not related to the SNPs in PEAR1 (hazard ratios ≤ 1.09; p ≥ 0.09). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that PEAR1 is not a hypertension susceptibility gene in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Olivi
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven , Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Edelstein LC, Simon LM, Lindsay CR, Kong X, Teruel-Montoya R, Tourdot BE, Chen ES, Ma L, Coughlin S, Nieman M, Holinstat M, Shaw CA, Bray PF. Common variants in the human platelet PAR4 thrombin receptor alter platelet function and differ by race. Blood 2014; 124:3450-8. [PMID: 25293779 PMCID: PMC4246040 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-572479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human platelets express 2 thrombin receptors: protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and PAR4. Recently, we reported 3.7-fold increased PAR4-mediated aggregation kinetics in platelets from black subjects compared with white subjects. We now show that platelets from blacks (n = 70) express 14% more PAR4 protein than those from whites (n = 84), but this difference is not associated with platelet PAR4 function. Quantitative trait locus analysis identified 3 common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PAR4 gene (F2RL3) associated with PAR4-induced platelet aggregation. Among these single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs773902 determines whether residue 120 in transmembrane domain 2 is an alanine (Ala) or threonine (Thr). Compared with the Ala120 variant, Thr120 was more common in black subjects than in white subjects (63% vs 19%), was associated with higher PAR4-induced human platelet aggregation and Ca2+ flux, and generated greater inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate in transfected cells. A second, less frequent F2RL3 variant, Phe296Val, was only observed in blacks and abolished the enhanced PAR4-induced platelet aggregation and 1,4,5-triphosphate generation associated with PAR4-Thr120. PAR4 genotype did not affect vorapaxar inhibition of platelet PAR1 function, but a strong pharmacogenetic effect was observed with the PAR4-specific antagonist YD-3 [1-benzyl-3(ethoxycarbonylphenyl)-indazole]. These findings may have an important pharmacogenetic effect on the development of new PAR antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard C Edelstein
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lukas M Simon
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Cory R Lindsay
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xianguo Kong
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Raúl Teruel-Montoya
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Benjamin E Tourdot
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Edward S Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lin Ma
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shaun Coughlin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marvin Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; and
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chad A Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX
| | - Paul F Bray
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Peprah E, Xu H, Tekola-Ayele F, Royal CD. Genome-wide association studies in Africans and African Americans: expanding the framework of the genomics of human traits and disease. Public Health Genomics 2014; 18:40-51. [PMID: 25427668 DOI: 10.1159/000367962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic research is one of the tools for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases of global health relevance and paving the research dimension to clinical and public health translation. Recent advances in genomic research and technologies have increased our understanding of human diseases, genes associated with these disorders, and the relevant mechanisms. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proliferated since the first studies were published several years ago and have become an important tool in helping researchers comprehend human variation and the role genetic variants play in disease. However, the need to expand the diversity of populations in GWAS has become increasingly apparent as new knowledge is gained about genetic variation. Inclusion of diverse populations in genomic studies is critical to a more complete understanding of human variation and elucidation of the underpinnings of complex diseases. In this review, we summarize the available data on GWAS in recent African ancestry populations within the western hemisphere (i.e. African Americans and peoples of the Caribbean) and continental African populations. Furthermore, we highlight ways in which genomic studies in populations of recent African ancestry have led to advances in the areas of malaria, HIV, prostate cancer, and other diseases. Finally, we discuss the advantages of conducting GWAS in recent African ancestry populations in the context of addressing existing and emerging global health conditions.
Collapse
|
140
|
Nisar SP, Jones ML, Cunningham MR, Mumford AD, Mundell SJ. Rare platelet GPCR variants: what can we learn? Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:3242-53. [PMID: 25231155 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-expressed GPCRs are critical regulators of platelet function. Pharmacological blockade of these receptors forms a powerful therapeutic tool in the treatment and prevention of arterial thrombosis associated with coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemic stroke. However, anti-thrombotic drug therapy is associated with high inter-patient variability in therapeutic response and adverse bleeding side effects. In order to optimize the use of existing anti-platelet drugs and to develop new therapies, more detailed knowledge is required relating to the molecular mechanisms that regulate GPCR and therefore platelet function. One approach has been to identify rare, function-disrupting mutations within key platelet proteins in patients with bleeding disorders. In this review, we describe how an integrated functional genomics strategy has contributed important structure-function information about platelet GPCRs with specific emphasis upon purinergic and thromboxane A2 receptors. We also discuss the potential implications these findings have for pharmacotherapy and for understanding the molecular basis of mild bleeding disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S P Nisar
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M L Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M R Cunningham
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A D Mumford
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - S J Mundell
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Tough DF, Lewis HD, Rioja I, Lindon MJ, Prinjha RK. Epigenetic pathway targets for the treatment of disease: accelerating progress in the development of pharmacological tools: IUPHAR Review 11. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:4981-5010. [PMID: 25060293 PMCID: PMC4253452 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of a cell are determined both genetically by the DNA sequence of its genes and epigenetically through processes that regulate the pattern, timing and magnitude of expression of its genes. While the genetic basis of disease has been a topic of intense study for decades, recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the understanding of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and a growing appreciation that epigenetic misregulation makes a significant contribution to human disease. Several large protein families have been identified that act in different ways to control the expression of genes through epigenetic mechanisms. Many of these protein families are finally proving tractable for the development of small molecules that modulate their function and represent new target classes for drug discovery. Here, we provide an overview of some of the key epigenetic regulatory proteins and discuss progress towards the development of pharmacological tools for use in research and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David F Tough
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Epinova DPU, Stevenage, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
142
|
Würtz M, Nissen PH, Grove EL, Kristensen SD, Hvas AM. Genetic determinants of on-aspirin platelet reactivity: focus on the influence of PEAR1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111816. [PMID: 25360888 PMCID: PMC4216141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet aggregation during aspirin treatment displays considerable inter-individual variability. A genetic etiology likely exists, but it remains unclear to what extent genetic polymorphisms determine platelet aggregation in aspirin-treated individuals. Aim To identify platelet-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing platelet aggregation during aspirin treatment. Furthermore, we explored to what extent changes in cyclooxygenase-1 activity and platelet activation may explain such influence. Methods We included 985 Danish patients with stable coronary artery disease treated with aspirin 75 mg/day mono antiplatelet therapy. Patients were genotyped for 16 common SNPs in platelet-related genes using standard PCR-based methods (TaqMan). Platelet aggregation was evaluated by whole blood platelet aggregometry employing Multiplate Analyzer (agonists: arachidonic acid and collagen) and VerifyNow Aspirin. Serum thromboxane B2 was measured to confirm aspirin adherence and was used as a marker of cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Soluble P-selectin was used as marker of platelet activation. Platelet aggregation, cyclooxygenase-1 activity, and platelet activation were compared across genotypes in adjusted analyses. Results The A-allele of the rs12041331 SNP in the platelet endothelial aggregation receptor-1 (PEAR1) gene was associated with reduced platelet aggregation and increased platelet activation, but not with cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Platelet aggregation was unaffected by the other SNPs analyzed. Conclusion A common genetic variant in PEAR1 (rs12041331) reproducibly influenced platelet aggregation in aspirin-treated patients with coronary artery disease. The exact biological mechanism remains elusive, but the effect of this polymorphism may be related to changes in platelet activation. Furthermore, 14 SNPs previously suggested to influence aspirin efficacy were not associated with on-aspirin platelet aggregation. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01383304
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Würtz
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Peter H. Nissen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anne-Mette Hvas
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Siddesh A, Parveen F, Misra MK, Phadke SR, Agrawal S. Platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI gene variants affect recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:1078-1084.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
144
|
Yip C, Linden MD, Attard C, Monagle P, Ignjatovic V. Platelets from children are hyper-responsive to activation by thrombin receptor activator peptide and adenosine diphosphate compared to platelets from adults. Br J Haematol 2014; 168:526-32. [PMID: 25266817 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are crucial subcellular elements of haemostasis at sites of vascular injury and are also known to be immune mediators in pathological thrombosis. Despite the integral role of platelets in many disease processes, there is very little information available on platelet function and response to agonists in healthy children. We recently reported important differences in the interaction of platelets with monocytes in the circulation, including increased formation of monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPAs) without concomitant increase in P-selectin expression. Our current study investigates parameters of platelet activation (PAC-1 binding and P-selectin expression) and MPA formation in response to a range of physiologically relevant platelet agonists in healthy children compared to healthy adults. All parameters were significantly higher in children in response to sub-maximal concentrations of thrombin receptor activator peptide and adenosine diphosphate, reflecting an age-specific difference in agonist-stimulated platelet reactivity in children. The results of our study challenge the general assumption that platelet reactivity in children is similar to adults. This finding is fundamental to investigating the role of platelets in diseases of childhood and pathogenesis of adult-based diseases that have their origins in childhood. Our findings underscore the need for age-specific reference ranges for platelet function in children rather than extrapolation from adult data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yip
- Haematology Research, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
Maluf CB, Barreto SM, Vidigal PG. Standardization and reference intervals of platelet volume indices: Insight from the Brazilian longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-BRASIL). Platelets 2014; 26:413-20. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2014.942620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
146
|
Qayyum R, Becker DM, Yanek LR, Faraday N, Vaidya D, Mathias R, Kral BG, Becker LC. Greater collagen-induced platelet aggregation following cyclooxygenase 1 inhibition predicts incident acute coronary syndromes. Clin Transl Sci 2014; 8:17-22. [PMID: 25066685 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Greater ex vivo platelet aggregation to agonists may identify individuals at risk of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, increased aggregation to a specific agonist may be masked by inherent variability in other activation pathways. In this study, we inhibited the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) pathway with 2-week aspirin therapy and measured residual aggregation to collagen and ADP to determine whether increased aggregation in a non-COX1 pathway is associated with incident ACS. We assessed ex vivo whole blood platelet aggregation in 1,699 healthy individuals with a family history of early-onset coronary artery disease followed for 6±1.2 years. Incident ACS events were observed in 22 subjects. Baseline aggregation was not associated with ACS. After COX1 pathway inhibition, collagen-induced aggregation was significantly greater in participants with ACS compared with those without (29.0 vs. 23.6 ohms, p < 0.001). In Cox proportional hazards models, this association remained significant after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (HR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.06-1.15; p < 0.001). In contrast, ADP-induced aggregation after COX1 inhibition was not associated with ACS. After COX1 pathway inhibition, subjects with greater collagen-induced platelet aggregation demonstrated a significant excess risk of incident ACS. These data suggest that platelet activation related to collagen may play an important role in the risk of ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Qayyum
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
147
|
Schubert S, Weyrich AS, Rowley JW. A tour through the transcriptional landscape of platelets. Blood 2014; 124:493-502. [PMID: 24904119 PMCID: PMC4110657 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-512756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA code found within a platelet and alterations of that code continue to shed light onto the mechanistic underpinnings of platelet function and dysfunction. It is now known that features of messenger RNA (mRNA) in platelets mirror those of nucleated cells. This review serves as a tour guide for readers interested in developing a greater understanding of platelet mRNA. The tour provides an in-depth and interactive examination of platelet mRNA, especially in the context of next-generation RNA sequencing. At the end of the expedition, the reader will have a better grasp of the topography of platelet mRNA and how it impacts platelet function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew S Weyrich
- The Molecular Medicine Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jesse W Rowley
- The Molecular Medicine Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Freedman JE. Inherited dysfunctional nitric oxide signaling and the pathobiology of atherothrombotic disease. Circ Res 2014; 114:1372-3. [PMID: 24763461 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.303976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Freedman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, UMass Medical School, Worcester
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Ahles A, Engelhardt S. Polymorphic Variants of Adrenoceptors: Pharmacology, Physiology, and Role in Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:598-637. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
150
|
Bis JC, White CC, Franceschini N, Brody J, Zhang X, Muzny D, Santibanez J, Gibbs R, Liu X, Lin H, Boerwinkle E, Psaty BM, North KE, Cupples LA, O’Donnell CJ. Sequencing of 2 subclinical atherosclerosis candidate regions in 3669 individuals: Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium Targeted Sequencing Study. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2014; 7:359-64. [PMID: 24951662 PMCID: PMC4112104 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.113.000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis, the precursor to coronary heart disease and stroke, is characterized by an accumulation of fatty cells in the arterial intimal-medial layers. Common carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and plaque are subclinical atherosclerosis measures that predict cardiovascular disease events. Previously, genome-wide association studies demonstrated evidence for association with cIMT (SLC17A4) and plaque (PIK3CG). METHODS AND RESULTS We sequenced 120 kb around SLC17A4 (6p22.2) and 251 kb around PIK3CG (7q22.3) among 3669 European ancestry participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), and Framingham Heart Study (FHS) in Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. Primary analyses focused on 438 common variants (minor allele frequency ≥1%), which were independently meta-analyzed. A 3' untranslated region CCDC71L variant (rs2286149), upstream from PIK3CG, was the most significant finding in cIMT (P=0.00033) and plaque (P=0.0004) analyses. A SLC17A4 intronic variant was also associated with cIMT (P=0.008). Both were in low linkage disequilibrium with the genome-wide association study single nucleotide polymorphisms. Gene-based tests including T1 count and sequence kernel association test for rare variants (minor allele frequency <1%) did not yield statistically significant associations. However, we observed nominal associations for rare variants in CCDC71L and SLC17A3 with cIMT and of the entire 7q22 region with plaque (P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS Common and rare variants in PIK3CG and SLC17A4 regions demonstrated modest association with subclinical atherosclerosis traits. Although not conclusive, these findings may help to understand the genetic architecture of regions previously implicated by genome-wide association studies and identify variants within these regions for further investigation in larger samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit & Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Charles C. White
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jennifer Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit & Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Jireh Santibanez
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Richard Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit & Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher J. O’Donnell
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|