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Polis B, Cuda CM, Putterman C. Animal models of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: deciphering the complexity and guiding therapeutic development. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2330387. [PMID: 38555866 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2330387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) poses formidable challenges due to its multifaceted etiology while impacting multiple tissues and organs and displaying diverse clinical manifestations. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to SLE complexity, with relatively limited approved therapeutic options. Murine models offer insights into SLE pathogenesis but do not always replicate the nuances of human disease. This review critically evaluates spontaneous and induced animal models, emphasizing their validity and relevance to neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). While these models undoubtedly contribute to understanding disease pathophysiology, discrepancies persist in mimicking some NPSLE intricacies. The lack of literature addressing this issue impedes therapeutic progress. We underscore the urgent need for refining models that truly reflect NPSLE complexities to enhance translational fidelity. We encourage a comprehensive, creative translational approach for targeted SLE interventions, balancing scientific progress with ethical considerations to eventually improve the management of NPSLE patients. A thorough grasp of these issues informs researchers in designing experiments, interpreting results, and exploring alternatives to advance NPSLE research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruh Polis
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Carla M Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Vaz GN, Turcato FC, Lima IA, Scarante FF, Araújo MR, Brigante TA, Rodrigues LC, Guimarães FS, Hallak JE, Crippa JA, Teixeira AL, de Oliveira AC, Campos AC. Genetic ablation of the isoform γ of PI3K decreases antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in male mice. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:87-95. [PMID: 39026898 PMCID: PMC11255840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
About one-third of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients demonstrate unresponsiveness to classic antidepressants, and even the clinical efficacy of fast-acting drugs such as ketamine varies significantly among patients with treatment-resistant depression. Nevertheless, the lack of suitable animal models that mimic a possible ketamine-resistant phenotype challenges the understanding of resistance to drug treatment. In this study, we showed that PI3Kγ knock-out (KO) mice do not respond to classical doses of ketamine and classical antidepressants. PI3Kγ KO mice were unresponsive to both the rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects of a single dose of ketamine in the forced swimming test. Additionally, they were unresponsive to the antidepressant-like effects induced by the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. However, acute pharmacological inhibition of PI3Kγ did not block the antidepressant-like effect of ketamine, showing that a chronic deficiency of the PI3Kγ-mediated pathway is necessary for the effects of classic doses of ketamine and antidepressants. Therefore, we propose that PI3Kγ participates in the antidepressant activity and is likely implicated in the neurobiology and phenotype observed in patients with MDD who demonstrate treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela N. Vaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávia C. Turcato
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Isabel A.V. Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Franciele F. Scarante
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melissa R. Araújo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamires A.V. Brigante
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia C.M. Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Science Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Francisco S. Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime E.C. Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose A. Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio L. Teixeira
- Faculdade Santa Casa BH, Belo Horizonte, Brazil & Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | | | - Alline Cristina Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu X, Wang X, Zhang L, Jin Y, Li L, Jin M, Li L, Ni H. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide treatment confers resistance to neonatal ischemia and hypoxia: effects on neurobehavioral phenotypes. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2760-2772. [PMID: 38595293 PMCID: PMC11168517 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202412000-00031/figure1/v/2024-04-08T165401Z/r/image-tiff Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury is the main cause of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and cerebral palsy. Currently, there are few effective clinical treatments for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective and molecular mechanisms of exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which can protect against hypoxic injury in adulthood, in a mouse model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. In this study, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 30 minutes before surgery and every 24 hours thereafter. The results showed that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide treatment improved body weight, brain structure, adenosine triphosphate levels, oxidative damage, neurobehavioral test outcomes, and seizure threshold in experimental mice. Tandem mass tag proteomics revealed that numerous proteins were altered after nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide treatment in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury mice. Parallel reaction monitoring and western blotting confirmed changes in the expression levels of proteins including serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3N, fibronectin 1, 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IA, microtubule associated protein 2, and complexin 2. Proteomics analyses showed that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ameliorated hypoxic-ischemic injury through inflammation-related signaling pathways (e.g., nuclear factor-kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B). These findings suggest that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide treatment can improve neurobehavioral phenotypes in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury mice through inflammation-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiming Jin
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Li
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meifang Jin
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lianyong Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong Ni
- Division of Brain Science, Institute of Pediatric Research, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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104
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Liu Y, Koo JS, Zhang H. Chronic intermittent ethanol exposure-induced m6A modifications around mRNA stop codons of opioid receptor genes. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2294515. [PMID: 38118075 PMCID: PMC10761033 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2294515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption may alter mRNA methylation and expression levels of genes related to addiction and reward in the brain, potentially contributing to alcohol tolerance and dependence. Neuron-like (SH-SY5Y) and non-neuronal (SW620) cells were utilized as models to examine chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure-induced global m6A RNA methylation changes, as well as m6A mRNA methylation changes around the stop codon of three opioid receptor genes (OPRM1, OPRD1, and OPRK1), which are known to regulate pain, reward, and addiction behaviours. CIE exposure for three weeks significantly increased global RNA methylation levels in both SH-SY5Y (t = 3.98, P = 0.007) and SW620 (t = 2.24, P = 0.067) cells. However, a 3-week CIE exposure resulted in hypomethylation around mRNA stop codon regions of OPRM1 and OPRD1 in both cell lines [OPRM1(SH-SY5Y): t = -5.05, P = 0.0005; OPRM1(SW620): t = -3.19, P = 0.013; OPRD1(SH-SY5Y): t = -13.43, P < 0.00001; OPRD1(SW620): t = -4.00, P = 0.003]. Additionally, mRNA expression levels of OPRM1, OPRD1, and OPRK1 were downregulated (corresponding to mRNA hypomethylation) in both SH-SY5Y and SW620 cells after a 3-week CIE exposure. The present study demonstrated that chronic ethanol exposure altered global RNA methylation levels, as well as mRNA methylation and expression levels of opioid receptor genes in both neuron-like and non-neuronal cells. Our findings suggest a potential epitranscriptomic mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption remodels the expression of reward-related and alcohol responsive genes in the brain, thus increasing the risk of alcohol use disorder development.Abbreviations: OPRM1: the μ-opioid receptor; OPRD1: the δ-opioid receptor; OPRK1: the κ-opioid receptor; CIE: chronic intermittent ethanol exposure; CIE+WD: chronic intermittent ethanol exposure followed by a 24-hr withdrawal; SH-SY5Y: human neuroblastoma cell Line; SW620: human colon carcinoma cell line; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription followed by quantitative polymerase reaction; MazF-RT-qPCR: MazF digestion followed by RT-qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Ji Sun Koo
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
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Sapienza J, Agostoni G, Comai S, Nasini S, Dall'Acqua S, Sut S, Spangaro M, Martini F, Bechi M, Buonocore M, Bigai G, Repaci F, Nocera D, Ave C, Guglielmino C, Cocchi F, Cavallaro R, Deste G, Bosia M. Neuroinflammation and kynurenines in schizophrenia: Impact on cognition depending on cognitive functioning and modulatory properties in relation to cognitive remediation and aerobic exercise. Schizophr Res Cogn 2024; 38:100328. [PMID: 39281320 PMCID: PMC11399803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2024.100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Background In the last decade, the kynurenine pathway (KP) has gained attention in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia being at the croassroad between neuroinflammation and glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission. However, clinical findings are scarse and conflicting, and the specific contributions of these two systems to the neurobiology of cognitive symptoms are far from being elucidated. Furthermore, little is known about the molecular underpinnings of non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive improvement, including rehabilitation strategies. Methods The current study examined 72 patients with schizophrenia, divided in two clusters depending on the severity of the cognitive impairment, with the aim to evaluate the impact of inflammatory biomarkers and KP metabolites depending on cognitive functioning. Moreover, we studied their possible link to the cognitive outcome in relation to sessions of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) and aerobic exercise (AE) in a longitudinal arm of 42 patients. Results Neuroinflammation appeared to exert a more pronounced influence on cognition in patients exhibiting a higher cognitive functioning, contrasting with the activation of the KP, which had a greater impact on individuals with a lower cognitive profile. Cognitive improvements after the treatments were negatively predicted by levels of TNF-α and positively predicted by the 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK)/kynurenine (KYN) ratio, an index of the kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) enzyme activity. Conclusion Overall, these findings add novel evidence on the biological underpinnings of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia pointing at a differential role of neuroinflammation and KP metabolites in inducing cognitive deficits depending on the cognitive reserve and predicting outcomes after rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Sapienza
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Humanities and Life Sciences, University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Comai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Division of Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sofia Nasini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Spangaro
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Martini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Bechi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Buonocore
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bigai
- School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Repaci
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Nocera
- School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Ave
- School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmelo Guglielmino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cocchi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Cavallaro
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Deste
- Department of Mental Health, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta Bosia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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106
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Liang A, Zhao W, Lv T, Zhu Z, Haotian R, Zhang J, Xie B, Yi Y, Hao Z, Sun L, Luo A. Advances in novel biosensors in biomedical applications. Talanta 2024; 280:126709. [PMID: 39151317 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors, devices capable of detecting biomolecules or bioactive substances, have recently become one of the important tools in the fields of bioanalysis and medical diagnostics. A biosensor is an analytical system composed of biosensitive elements and signal-processing elements used to detect various biological and chemical substances. Biomimetic elements are key to biosensor technology and are the components in a sensor that are responsible for identifying the target analyte. The construction methods and working principles of biosensors based on synthetic biomimetic elements, such as DNAzyme, molecular imprinted polymers and aptamers, and their updated applications in biomedical analysis are summarised. Finally, the technical bottlenecks and future development prospects for biomedical analysis are summarised and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weidong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tianjian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruilin Haotian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bingteng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zikai Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liquan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Aiqin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Were JM, Hunter S, Patte KA, Leatherdale ST, Pabayo R. Income inequality and comorbid overweight/obesity and depression among a large sample of Canadian secondary school students: The mediator effect of social cohesion. SSM Popul Health 2024; 28:101710. [PMID: 39319106 PMCID: PMC11417333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbid overweight/obesity (OWO) and depression is emerging as a public health problem among adolescents. Income inequality is a structural determinant of health that independently increases the risk for both OWO and depression among youth. However, no study has examined the association between income inequality and comorbid OWO and depression or tested potential mechanisms involved. We aimed to identify the association between income inequality and comorbid OWO and depression and to test whether social cohesion mediates this relationship. Methods We used data from the 2018-2019 Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol, Smoking and Sedentary behavior (COMPASS) project. Our sample was composed of 46,171 adolescents from 136 schools distributed in 43 census divisions in 4 provinces in Canada (Ontario, Alberta, British Columbia, and Quebec). Gender-stratified multilevel path analyses models were used to examine whether income inequality (Gini coefficient) was associated with comorbid OWO and depression and whether the association was mediated by school connectedness, a proxy measure for social cohesion. Results The direct effect between income inequality and OWO-depression comorbidity was not significant. However, income inequality was significantly associated with increased risk of comorbidity via social cohesion. One standard deviation increase in the Gini coefficient was associated with a 9% and 8% increase in the odds of comorbidity in females (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.03, 1.16) and males (OR=1.08; 95% CI=1.03, 1.13). Conclusion Policies aimed at reducing income inequality, and interventions to improve social cohesion, may contribute to reducing the risk of OWO-depression comorbidity among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Mulimba Were
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Stephen Hunter
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 5-083 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue NW Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Karen A. Patte
- Brock University Department of Health Sciences, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Scott T. Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Roman Pabayo
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Centre for Healthy Communities, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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Cox OH, Seifuddin F, Guo J, Pirooznia M, Boersma GJ, Wang J, Tamashiro KL, Lee RS. Implementation of the Methyl-Seq platform to identify tissue- and sex-specific DNA methylation differences in the rat epigenome. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2393945. [PMID: 39306700 PMCID: PMC11418217 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2393945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenomic annotations for the rat lag far behind those of human and mouse, despite the rat's immense utility in pharmacological and behavioral studies and the need to understand their epigenetic mechanisms. We have designed a targeted-enrichment method followed by next-generation sequencing (Methyl-Seq) to identify DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures across the rat genome. The design reflected an attempt to create a more comprehensive investigation of the rat epigenome, as it included promoters, CpG islands, and island shores of all RefSeq genes. In this study, we implemented the rat Methyl-Seq platform and tested its ability to distinguish differentially methylated regions (DMRs) among three different tissue types, three distinct brain regions, and, in the hippocampus, between males and females. These comparisons yielded DNAm differences of differing magnitudes, many of which were independently validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing, including autosomal regions that were predicted to show the least degree of difference in DNAm between males and females. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that most genes associated with the DMRs showed tissue-, brain region-, and sex-specific differences in expression. In particular, we found evidence for sex-specific DNAm and expression differences at Tubb6, Lrrn2, Tex26, and Sox5l1, all of which play important roles in neurodevelopment and have been implicated in studies examining sex differences. Our results demonstrate the utility of the rat Methyl-Seq platform and suggest the presence of DNAm differences between the male and female hippocampus. The rat Methyl-Seq has the potential to provide epigenomic insights into pharmacological and behavioral studies performed in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia H. Cox
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Fayaz Seifuddin
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jeffrey Guo
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Mehdi Pirooznia
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Gretha J. Boersma
- GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Josh Wang
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, USA
| | - Kellie L.K. Tamashiro
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Richard S. Lee
- Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Arbabi F, Shapoury R, Haghi F, Zeighami H, Pirzeh R. Investigating the bacterial profiles of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Actinobacteria, Fusobacterium, Firmicutes, and Bacteroides in stool samples from patients with severe depression and healthy individuals. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 170:107090. [PMID: 39217732 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a multifaceted mental health disorder with complex etiology and significant global burden. Recent research indicates that the gut microbiota plays a role in the pathophysiology of depression, highlighting the potential role of specific bacterial species in influencing mood and cognitive function. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence, copy numbers, and Ct values of selected bacterial species in stool samples from depressed patients (n=50) compared to control subjects (n=50). Our findings revealed significant differences in the abundance of Fusobacterium spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroidetes phylum, Firmicutes phylum, and Actinobacteria spp. between the two groups. Dysregulation of the gut microbiota, characterized by decreased presence of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp.) and altered abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Fusobacterium spp.), may contribute to the development or exacerbation of depression. These findings support the emerging concept of the gut-brain axis and its role in mental health. However, further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and explore the therapeutic potential of microbiota-targeted interventions for depression. Understanding the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and depression could pave the way for novel treatment strategies and personalized approaches in mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Arbabi
- Department of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Shapoury
- Department of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Fakhri Haghi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Habib Zeighami
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Pirzeh
- Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
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Anderson AM, Sherman J, Fitzpatrick MM, Browning C, Kertes DA, Mackos A, Pickler RH, Smith L, Ford JL. Associations between adolescent perceived loneliness and hair cortisol concentration. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 170:107184. [PMID: 39332136 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents experience high levels of loneliness, which is linked to poor health in adulthood. Loneliness may contribute to poor health through chronic dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In this analysis, we examined the associations between survey- and ecological momentary assessment (EMA)-based measures of loneliness and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) in a sample of 1102 adolescents and assessed sex differences in this relationship. METHODS Data came from wave 1 of the Adolescent Health and Development in Context study. We conducted a series of multivariable linear regression models to examine the associations between loneliness and HCC. Models were adjusted for adolescent and caregiver demographics, adolescent clinical factors, adolescent hair care practices, and adolescent lifetime mental health diagnosis and current psychotropic medication use. An interaction term between sex and loneliness was added to assess for effect moderation. RESULTS In our sample, the mean HCC was 1.35 pg/mg (SD=1.1). The mean for the unstandardized survey loneliness measure was 1.79 (SD=0.79) for the total analytic sample. The unstandardized mean for the EMA loneliness measure was - 0.02 (SD=2.1) for the total analytic sample. In model one testing the bivariate linear relationship between loneliness and HCC, higher loneliness via survey and EMA measures was associated with lower HCC (Survey: b= - 0.10, SE=0.03, p=.004; EMA: b= - 0.09, SE=0.03, p=.005). In model two, higher loneliness remained significantly associated with lower HCC (Survey: b= - 0.07, SE=0.03, p=.023; EMA: b= - 0.07, SE=0.03, p=.037), after controlling for the following covariates: sociodemographic factors, pubertal development and BMI, corticosteroid use, hair care practices, season of collection and assayed hair length. In model 3, youth lifetime mental health diagnosis and current psychotropic medication use were added into the regression model, and higher loneliness remained significantly associated with lower HCC (Survey: b= - 0.07, SE=0.03, p=.029; EMA: b= - 0.07, SE=0.03, p=.039). There was no effect modification by sex (Survey: b=0.04, SE=0.06, p=.552; EMA: b= - 0.01, SE=0.06, p=.843). CONCLUSIONS In our analysis, both survey- and EMA-reported loneliness measures were associated with lower HCC. No evidence of an interaction between sex and loneliness was observed. Future research is needed to validate these findings and investigate longitudinal relationships among adolescent loneliness, stress physiology, and downstream health sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Sherman
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Darlene A Kertes
- University of Florida Department of Psychology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Amy Mackos
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rita H Pickler
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lindsay Smith
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jodi L Ford
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
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Chen L, Zhang ZQ, Li ZX, Qu M, Liao D, Guo ZP, Li DC, Liu CH. The impact of insomnia on brain networks topology in depressed patients: A resting-state fMRI study. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149169. [PMID: 39179194 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and insomnia frequently co-occur, but the neural mechanisms between patients with varying degrees of these conditions are not fully understood. The specific topological features and connectivity patterns of this co-morbidity have not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the topological characteristics of topological characteristics and functional connectivity of brain networks in depressed patients with insomnia. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 32 depressed patients with a high level of insomnia (D-HI), 35 depressed patients with a low level of insomnia (D-LI), and 81 healthy controls (HC) were used to investigate alterations in brain topological organization functional networks. Nodal and global properties were analyzed using graph-theoretic techniques, and network-based statistical analysis was employed to identify changes in brain network functional connectivity. RESULTS Compared to the HC group, both the D-HI and D-LI groups showed an increase in the global efficiency (Eglob) values, local efficiency (Eloc) was decreased in the D-HI group, and Lambda and shortest path length (Lp) values were decreased in the D-LI group. At the nodal level, the right parietal nodal clustering coefficient (NCp) values were reduced in D-HI and D-LI groups compared to those in HC. The functional connectivity of brain networks in patients with D-HI mainly involves default mode network (DMN)-cingulo-opercular network (CON), DMN-visual network (VN), DMN-sensorimotor network (SMN), and DMN-cerebellar network (CN), while that in patients with D-LI mainly involves SMN-CON, SMN-SMN, SMN-VN, and SMN-CN. The values of the connection between the midinsula and postoccipital gyrus was negatively correlated with scores for early awakening in D-HI. CONCLUSION These findings may contribute to our understanding of the underlying neuropsychological mechanisms in depressed patients with insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Zhu-Qing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhao-Xue Li
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Xuzhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Xuzhou 221010, China
| | - Miao Qu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Dan Liao
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Guo
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - De-Chun Li
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China.
| | - Chun-Hong Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China.
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112
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Sun T, Wang J, Zheng M, Cai C, Yu J, Fu L, Duan L. Assessment of the Relationship Between Genetic Determinants of Obesity, Unhealthy Eating Habits and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Mendelian Randomisation Study. COPD 2024; 21:2309236. [PMID: 38348880 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2309236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Background: Clinical studies have shown that the onset and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are related to obesity and dietary behaviours, but the genetic relationship between them is not clear.Aims: To investigate the relationship between the genetic determinants of obesity, dietary habits (alcohol consumption, intake of sweets, salt intake) and COPD.Methods: Exposure and outcome datasets were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. The exposure dataset includes dietary habits (Salt added to food, Sweets intake, Alcohol consumption), obesity level (represented by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) data sets.). The outcome dataset includes COPD and acute COPD admissions. The collected data were imported into the RStudio software and conducted Mendelian randomisation analysis. Additionally, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests were conducted on the data to ensure the veracity of the results.Results: The results showed that BMI was positively correlated with the risk of acute COPD admission (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.39-2.18) and COPD (OR = 1.81, 95%CI 1.41-2.33). In addition, BFP was also a risk factor for COPD (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.42-2.77) and acute exacerbation of COPD admission (OR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.43-2.77). The increase of salt, sugar and alcohol consumption will not increase the risk of COPD and the risk of hospitalisation due to COPD.Conclusion: Therefore, we should strengthen the guidance of diet and living habits of obese patients. For patients with heavier weight and higher body fat rate, they should be instructed to lose weight and fat to prevent the occurrence of COPD. For obese patients with COPD, more attention should be paid to prevent the occurrence of acute exacerbation of COPD in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyao Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First Clinical Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First Clinical Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Chengsen Cai
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjian Yu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lina Fu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Medical Affairs Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong, China
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Behrendt T, Quisilima JI, Bielitzki R, Behrens M, Glazachev OS, Brigadski T, Leßmann V, Schega L. Brain-Derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory biomarkers are unaffected by acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in geriatric patients: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Med 2024; 56:2304650. [PMID: 38253008 PMCID: PMC10810628 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2304650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal and human studies have shown that exposure to hypoxia can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein transcription and reduce systematic inflammatory cytokine response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure (IHHE) prior to aerobic exercise on BDNF, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels in geriatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-five geriatric patients (83.1 ± 5.0 yrs, 71.1 ± 10.0 kg, 1.8 ± 0.9 m) participated in a placebo-controlled, single-blinded trial and were randomly assigned to either an intervention (IG) or control group (CG) performing an aerobic cycling training (17 sessions, 20 min·session-1, 3 sessions·week-1). Prior to aerobic cycling exercise, the IG was additionally exposed to IHHE for 30 min, whereas the CG received continuous normoxic air. Blood samples were taken immediately before (pre-exercise) and 10 min (post-exercise) after the first session as well as 48 h (post-training) after the last session to determine serum (BDNFS) and plasma BDNF (BDNFP), IL-6, and CRP levels. Intervention effects were analyzed using a 2 x 2 analysis of covariance with repeated measures. Results were interpreted based on effect sizes with a medium effect considered as meaningful (ηp2 ≥ 0.06, d ≥ 0.5). RESULTS CRP was moderately higher (d = 0.51) in the CG compared to the IG at baseline. IHHE had no acute effect on BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.01), BDNFP (ηp2 < 0.01), BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (ηp2 < 0.01), IL-6 (ηp2 < 0.01), or CRP (ηp2 = 0.04). After the 6-week intervention, an interaction was found for BDNF serum/plasma-ratio (ηp2 = 0.06) but not for BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.04), BDNFP (ηp2 < 0.01), IL-6 (ηp2 < 0.01), or CRP (ηp2 < 0.01). BDNF serum/plasma-ratio increased from pre-exercise to post-training (d = 0.67) in the CG compared to the IG (d = 0.51). A main effect of time was found for BDNFP (ηp2 = 0.09) but not for BDNFS (ηp2 = 0.02). Within-group post-hoc analyses revealed a training-related reduction in BDNFP in the IG and CG by 46.1% (d = 0.73) and 24.7% (d = 0.57), respectively. CONCLUSION The addition of 30 min IHHE prior to 20 min aerobic cycling seems not to be effective to increase BDNFS and BDNFP or to reduce IL-6 and CRP levels in geriatric patients after a 6-week intervention.The study was retrospectively registered at drks.de (DRKS-ID: DRKS00025130).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Behrendt
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Ibanez Quisilima
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bielitzki
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Behrens
- University of Applied Sciences for Sport and Management Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Oleg S. Glazachev
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Volkmar Leßmann
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Schega
- Department of Sport Science, Chair for Health and Physical Activity, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Li J, Xu Y, Liu X, Yang F, Fan W. Cortical morphological alterations in cognitively normal Parkinson's disease with severe hyposmia. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149150. [PMID: 39127119 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease(PD) and may hold valuable insights into the disease's underlying pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate cortical morphometry alterations in PD patients with severe hyposmia(PD-SH) and mild hyposmia(PD-MH) using surface-based morphometry(SBM) methods. Participants included 36 PD-SH patients, 38 PD-MH patients, and 40 healthy controls(HCs). SBM analysis revealed distinct patterns of cortical alterations in PD-SH and PD-MH patients. PD-MH patients exhibited reduced cortical thickness in the right supramarginal gyrus, while PD-SH patients showed widespread cortical thinning in regions including the bilateral pericalcarine cortex, bilateral lingual gyrus, left inferior parietal cortex, left lateral occipital cortex, right pars triangularis, right cuneus, and right superior parietal cortex. Moreover, PD-SH patients displayed reduced cortical thickness in the right precuneus compared to PD-MH patients. Fractal dimension analysis indicated increased cortical complexity in PD-MH patients' right superior temporal cortex and right supramarginal gyrus, as well as decreased complexity in the bilateral postcentral cortex, left superior parietal cortex, and right precentral cortex. Similarly, cortical gyrification index and cortical sulcal depth exhibited heterogeneous patterns of changes in PD-SH and PD-MH patients compared to HCs. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of olfactory impairment in PD, with distinct patterns of cortical morphometry alterations associated with different degrees of hyposmia. The observed discrepancies in brain regions showing alterations reflect the complexity of PD's pathophysiology. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of olfactory dysfunction in PD and provide potential avenues for early diagnosis and targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Wenliang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China.
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115
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Thakur P, Baraskar K, Shrivastava VK, Medhi B. Cross-talk between adipose tissue and microbiota-gut-brain-axis in brain development and neurological disorder. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149176. [PMID: 39182900 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is an important factor responsible for the physiological processes as well as pathogenesis of host. The communication between central nervous system (CNS) and microbiota occurs by different pathways i.e., chemical, neural, immune, and endocrine. Alteration in gut microbiota i.e., gut dysbiosis causes alteration in the bidirectional communication between CNS and gut microbiota and linked to the pathogenesis of neurological and neurodevelopmental disorder. Therefore, now-a-days microbiota-gut-brain-axis (MGBA) has emerged as therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic disorder. But, experimental data available on MGBA from basic research has limited application in clinical study. In present study we first summarized molecular mechanism of microbiota interaction with brain physiology and pathogenesis via collecting data from different sources i.e., PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. Furthermore, evidence shows that adipose tissue (AT) is active during metabolic activities and may also interact with MGBA. Hence, in present study we have focused on the relationship among MGBA, brown adipose tissue, and white adipose tissue. Along with this, we have also studied functional specificity of AT, and understanding heterogeneity among MGBA and different types of AT. Therefore, molecular interaction among them may provide therapeutic target for the treatment of neurological disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Thakur
- Endocrinology Unit, Bioscience Department, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026, India.
| | - Kirti Baraskar
- Endocrinology Unit, Bioscience Department, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026, India
| | - Vinoy K Shrivastava
- Endocrinology Unit, Bioscience Department, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab 160012, India.
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116
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Sun P, Wang X, Wang S, Jia X, Feng S, Chen J, Fang Y. Bipolar disorder: Construction and analysis of a joint diagnostic model using random forest and feedforward neural networks. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:145-153. [PMID: 39206162 PMCID: PMC11350441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To construct a diagnostic model for Bipolar Disorder (BD) depressive phase using peripheral tissue RNA data from patients and combining Random Forest with Feedforward Neural Network methods. Methods Datasets GSE23848, GSE39653, and GSE69486 were selected, and differential gene expression analysis was conducted using the limma package in R. Key genes from the differentially expressed genes were identified using the Random Forest method. These key genes' expression levels in each sample were used to train a Feedforward Neural Network model. Techniques like L1 regularization, early stopping, and dropout layers were employed to prevent model overfitting. Model performance was then validated, followed by GO, KEGG, and protein-protein interaction network analyses. Results The final model was a Feedforward Neural Network with two hidden layers and two dropout layers, comprising 2345 trainable parameters. Model performance on the validation set, assessed through 1000 bootstrap resampling iterations, demonstrated a specificity of 0.769 (95 % CI 0.571-1.000), sensitivity of 0.818 (95 % CI 0.533-1.000), AUC value of 0.832 (95 % CI 0.642-0.979), and accuracy of 0.792 (95 % CI 0.625-0.958). Enrichment analysis of key genes indicated no significant enrichment in any known pathways. Conclusion Key genes with biological significance were identified based on the decrease in Gini coefficient within the Random Forest model. The combined use of Random Forest and Feedforward Neural Network to establish a diagnostic model showed good classification performance in Bipolar Disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong 266034, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiangwen Wang
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong 266034, China
- School of Mental Health, Research Institute of Mental Health,Jining Medical University, Shandong 272002, China
| | - Shenghai Wang
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong 266034, China
| | - Xueyu Jia
- Department of Medicine,Qingdao University, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Shunkang Feng
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Shandong 266034, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Department of Psychiatry & Affective Disorders Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Yiru Fang
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Department of Psychiatry & Affective Disorders Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 201108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institue for Biological Sciences, CAS, Shanghai 200031, China
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Fu W, Xu R, Bian P, Li X, Yang K, Wang X. Exploring the shared genetic basis of major depressive disorder and frailty. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:386-394. [PMID: 39214376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and frailty impose substantial health and economic burdens. MDD is recognized as a significant risk factor for frailty, but the genetic associations between these conditions remain unclear. This study investigates the genetic correlation, shared pleiotropic loci, causal relationships, and comorbid genes between MDD and frailty. METHODS The genetic correlation between MDD and frailty was assessed using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) based on data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A detailed analysis was performed to identify shared pleiotropic loci and causal relationships through cross-phenotype association tests and Mendelian randomization. Additionally, tissue enrichment analysis was conducted using stratified LDSC, gene-based associations with both conditions were assessed using Multimarker Analysis of Genomic Annotation (MAGMA), and pathway analysis of comorbid genes was performed using the g: GOSt tool. RESULTS Our findings revealed a significant positive genetic correlation between MDD and frailty (rg = 0.65, P = 1.49E-219). We identified 57 shared risk SNPs between the two conditions, including 6 novel SNPs. Mendelian randomization analyses indicated robust causal effects of MDD on frailty and vice versa. Furthermore, we observed tissue-specific heritability enrichment in 9 brain tissues. By combining MAGMA and CPASSOC analyses, we identified 10 comorbid genes associated with both MDD and frailty, primarily involved in synapse formation, modulation, plasticity, and desaturase activity. CONCLUSION This study provides strong evidence for a shared genetic basis between MDD and frailty. The identification of comorbid genes offers new insights into the mechanisms underlying the relationship between these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Peiyu Bian
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kaikai Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Cao HL, Yu H, Xue R, Yang X, Ma X, Wang Q, Deng W, Guo WJ, Li ML, Li T. Convergence and divergence in neurostructural signatures of unipolar and bipolar depressions: Insights from surface-based morphometry and prospective follow-up. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:8-15. [PMID: 39173928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is often misidentified as unipolar depression (UD) during its early stages, typically until the onset of the first manic episode. This study aimed to explore both shared and unique neurostructural changes in patients who transitioned from UD to BD during follow-up, as compared to those with UD. METHODS This study utilized high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to collect brain data from individuals initially diagnosed with UD. During the average 3-year follow-up, 24 of the UD patients converted to BD (cBD). For comparison, the study included 48 demographically matched UD patients who did not convert and 48 healthy controls. The MRI data underwent preprocessing using FreeSurfer, followed by surface-based morphometry (SBM) analysis to identify cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and cortical volume (CV) among groups. RESULTS The SBM analysis identified shared neurostructural characteristics between the cBD and UD groups, specifically thinner CT in the right precentral cortex compared to controls. Unique to the cBD group, there was a greater SA in the right inferior parietal cortex compared to the UD group. Furthermore, no significant correlations were observed between cortical morphological measures and cognitive performance and clinical features in the cBD and UD groups. LIMITATIONS The sample size is relatively small. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that while cBD and UD exhibit some common alterations in cortical macrostructure, numerous distinct differences are also present. These differences offer valuable insights into the neuropathological underpinnings that distinguish these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Cao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ming-Li Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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Yun JY, Choi SH, Park S, Yoo SY, Jang JH. Neural correlates of anhedonia in young adults with subthreshold depression: A graph theory approach for cortical-subcortical structural covariance. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:234-243. [PMID: 39216643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is an enduring symptom of subthreshold depression (StD) and predict later onset of major depressive disorder (MDD). Brain structural covariance describes the inter-regional distribution of morphological changes compared to healthy controls (HC) and reflects brain maturation and disease progression. We investigated neural correlates of anhedonia from the structural covariance. METHODS T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images were acquired from 79 young adults (26 StD, 30 MDD, and 23 HC). Intra-individual structural covariance networks of 68 cortical surface area (CSAs), 68 cortical thicknesses (CTs), and 14 subcortical volumes were constructed. Group-level hubs and principal edges were defined using the global and regional graph metrics, compared between groups, and examined for the association with anhedonia severity. RESULTS Global network metrics were comparable among the StD, MDD, and HC. StD exhibited lower centralities of left pallidal volume than HC. StD showed higher centralities than HC in the CSAs of right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and pars triangularis, and in the CT of left pars orbitalis. Less anhedonia was associated with higher centralities of left pallidum and right amygdala, higher edge betweenness centralities in the structural covariance (EBSC) of left postcentral gyrus-parahippocampal gyrus and LIPL-right amygdala. More anhedonia was associated with higher centralities of left inferior parietal lobule (LIPL), left postcentral gyrus, left caudal ACC, and higher EBSC of LIPL-left postcentral gyrus, LIPL-right lateral occipital gyrus, and left caudal ACC-parahippocampal gyrus. LIMITATIONS This study has a cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Structural covariance of brain morphologies within the salience and limbic networks, and among the salience-limbic-default mode-somatomotor-visual networks, are possible neural correlates of anhedonia in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Hee Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Susan Park
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Hwan Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Human Systems Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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120
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Li D, Mei Q, Li G. scQA: A dual-perspective cell type identification model for single cell transcriptome data. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:520-536. [PMID: 38235363 PMCID: PMC10791572 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing technologies have been pivotal in advancing the development of algorithms for clustering heterogeneous cell populations. Existing methods for utilizing scRNA-seq data to identify cell types tend to neglect the beneficial impact of dropout events and perform clustering focusing solely on quantitative perspective. Here, we introduce a novel method named scQA, notable for its ability to concurrently identify cell types and cell type-specific key genes from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. In contrast to other methods, scQA not only identifies cell types but also extracts key genes associated with these cell types, enabling bidirectional clustering for scRNA-seq data. Through an iterative process, our approach aims to minimize the number of landmarks to approximately a dozen while maximizing the inclusion of quasi-trend-preserved genes with dropouts both qualitatively and quantitatively. It then clusters cells by employing an ingenious label propagation strategy, obviating the requirement for a predetermined number of cell types. Validated on 20 publicly available scRNA-seq datasets, scQA consistently outperforms other salient tools. Furthermore, we confirm the effectiveness and potential biological significance of the identified key genes through both external and internal validation. In conclusion, scQA emerges as a valuable tool for investigating cell heterogeneity due to its distinctive fusion of qualitative and quantitative facets, along with bidirectional clustering capabilities. Furthermore, it can be seamlessly integrated into border scRNA-seq analyses. The source codes are publicly available at https://github.com/LD-Lyndee/scQA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Research Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qinglin Mei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, BNRIST Bioinformatics Division, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Research Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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121
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Hagenauer MH, Sannah Y, Hebda-Bauer EK, Rhoads C, O'Connor AM, Flandreau E, Watson SJ, Akil H. Resource: A curated database of brain-related functional gene sets (Brain.GMT). MethodsX 2024; 13:102788. [PMID: 39049932 PMCID: PMC11267058 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling has become a common tool for investigating the nervous system. During analysis, differential expression results are often compared to functional ontology databases, which contain curated gene sets representing well-studied pathways. This dependence can cause neuroscience studies to be interpreted in terms of functional pathways documented in better studied tissues (e.g., liver) and topics (e.g., cancer), and systematically emphasizes well-studied genes, leaving other findings in the obscurity of the brain "ignorome". To address this issue, we compiled a curated database of 918 gene sets related to nervous system function, tissue, and cell types ("Brain.GMT") that can be used within common analysis pipelines (GSEA, limma, edgeR) to interpret results from three species (rat, mouse, human). Brain.GMT includes brain-related gene sets curated from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) and extracted from public databases (GeneWeaver, Gemma, DropViz, BrainInABlender, HippoSeq) and published studies containing differential expression results. Although Brain.GMT is still undergoing development and currently only represents a fraction of available brain gene sets, "brain ignorome" genes are already better represented than in traditional Gene Ontology databases. Moreover, Brain.GMT substantially improves the quantity and quality of gene sets identified as enriched with differential expression in neuroscience studies, enhancing interpretation. •We compiled a curated database of 918 gene sets related to nervous system function, tissue, and cell types ("Brain.GMT").•Brain.GMT can be used within common analysis pipelines (GSEA, limma, edgeR) to interpret neuroscience transcriptional profiling results from three species (rat, mouse, human).•Although Brain.GMT is still undergoing development, it substantially improved the interpretation of differential expression results within our initial use cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan H. Hagenauer
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yusra Sannah
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Cosette Rhoads
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Angela M. O'Connor
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Stanley J. Watson
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Huda Akil
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Del Campo CMZM, Nicolson GL, Sfera A. Neurolipidomics in schizophrenia: A not so well-oiled machine. Neuropharmacology 2024; 260:110117. [PMID: 39153730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Most patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) do not exhibit violent behaviors and are more likely to be victims rather than perpetrators of violent acts. However, a subgroup of forensic detainees with SCZ exhibit tendencies to engage in criminal violations. Although numerous models have been proposed, ranging from substance use, serotonin transporter gene, and cognitive dysfunction, the molecular underpinnings of violence in SCZ patients remains elusive. Lithium and clozapine have established anti-aggression properties and recent studies have linked low cholesterol levels and ultraviolet (UV) radiation with human aggression, while vitamin D3 reduces violent behaviors. A recent study found that vitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids, magnesium, and zinc lower aggression in forensic population. In this review article, we take a closer look at aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the dysfunctional lipidome in neuronal membranes, with emphasis on cholesterol and vitamin D3 depletion, as sources of aggressive behavior. We also discuss modalities to increase the fluidity of neuronal double layer via membrane lipid replacement (MLR) and natural or synthetic compounds. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Personality Disorders".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, 92647, USA
| | - Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, Loma Linda University, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, USA.
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123
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Price JH, Foh EP. Descriptive Epidemiology of Female Suicides by Race and Ethnicity. J Community Health 2024; 49:1054-1061. [PMID: 38853209 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-024-01368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Each year millions of females develop serious mental illnesses (SMI), which are major risk factors for suicides. Using the Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020, we found in 2020 9,428 females (almost 190/week) committed suicide, losing 328,653 years off potential life before age 80 years. There were pronounced increases in female suicides from 2000 to 2020 across all racial and ethnic groups. The greatest number of suicides were in non-Hispanic white females, but the highest rate of suicides was in non-Hispanic American Indians /Alaska Natives, and in females 15-24 years of age. The West had the highest female suicide rates, with methods used to commit suicides varying by census regions and race and ethnicity. Suffocation to commit suicide increased for most racial and ethnic groups and poisonings decreased for most groups between 2000 and 2020, These underscore the need for targeted primary prevention of suicides for females based on age, geographic location and method of suicide, to mitigate female suicides improved access (e.g. geographically and financially) to mental health care services is essential.
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Chen H, Li J, Huang Z, Fan X, Wang X, Chen X, Guo H, Liu H, Li S, Yu S, Li H, Huang X, Ma X, Deng X, Wang C, Liu Y. Dopaminergic system and neurons: Role in multiple neurological diseases. Neuropharmacology 2024; 260:110133. [PMID: 39197818 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is a complex and powerful neurotransmitter system in the brain. It plays an important regulatory role in motivation, reward, cognition, and motor control. In recent decades, research in the field of the dopaminergic system and neurons has increased exponentially and is gradually becoming a point of intervention in the study and understanding of a wide range of neurological diseases related to human health. Studies have shown that the dopaminergic system and neurons are involved in the development of many neurological diseases (including, but not limited to Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, etc.) and that dopaminergic neurons either have too much stress or too weak function in the dopaminergic system can lead to disease. Therefore, targeting dopaminergic neurons is considered key to treating these diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of the dopaminergic system and neurons in terms of brain region distribution, physiological function and subtypes of dopaminergic neurons, as well as the role of the dopaminergic system and neurons in a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jieshu Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zhixing Huang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xing Chen
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Haitao Guo
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shuqi Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shaojun Yu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Honghong Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xuehua Ma
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Xinqi Deng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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125
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Tian Y, Wu X, Luo S, Xiong D, Liu R, Hu L, Yuan Y, Shi G, Yao J, Huang Z, Fu F, Yang X, Tang Z, Zhang J, Hu K. A multi-omic single-cell landscape of cellular diversification in the developing human cerebral cortex. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2173-2189. [PMID: 38827229 PMCID: PMC11141146 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The vast neuronal diversity in the human neocortex is vital for high-order brain functions, necessitating elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms underlying such unparalleled diversity. However, recent studies have yet to comprehensively reveal the diversity of neurons and the molecular logic of neocortical origin in humans at single-cell resolution through profiling transcriptomic or epigenomic landscapes, owing to the application of unimodal data alone to depict exceedingly heterogeneous populations of neurons. In this study, we generated a comprehensive compendium of the developing human neocortex by simultaneously profiling gene expression and open chromatin from the same cell. We computationally reconstructed the differentiation trajectories of excitatory projection neurons of cortical origin and inferred the regulatory logic governing lineage bifurcation decisions for neuronal diversification. We demonstrated that neuronal diversity arises from progenitor cell lineage specificity and postmitotic differentiation at distinct stages. Our data paves the way for understanding the primarily coordinated regulatory logic for neuronal diversification in the neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Tian
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Songhao Luo
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lanqi Hu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuchen Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guowei Shi
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fang Fu
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zhonghui Tang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Public Platform Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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Champroux A, Tang Y, Dickson DA, Meng A, Harrington A, Liaw L, Marzi M, Nicassio F, Schlaeger TM, Feig LA. Transmission of reduced levels of miR-34/449 from sperm to preimplantation embryos is a key step in the transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of the effects of paternal chronic social instability stress. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2346694. [PMID: 38739481 PMCID: PMC11093028 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2346694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The transgenerational effects of exposing male mice to chronic social instability (CSI) stress are associated with decreased sperm levels of multiple members of the miR-34/449 family that persist after their mating through preimplantation embryo (PIE) development. Here we demonstrate the importance of these miRNA changes by showing that restoring miR-34c levels in PIEs derived from CSI stressed males prevents elevated anxiety and defective sociability normally found specifically in their adult female offspring. It also restores, at least partially, levels of sperm miR-34/449 normally reduced in their male offspring who transmit these sex-specific traits to their offspring. Strikingly, these experiments also revealed that inducing miR-34c levels in PIEs enhances the expression of its own gene and that of miR-449 in these cells. The same induction of embryo miR-34/449 gene expression likely occurs after sperm-derived miR-34c is introduced into oocytes upon fertilization. Thus, suppression of this miRNA amplification system when sperm miR-34c levels are reduced in CSI stressed mice can explain how a comparable fold-suppression of miR-34/449 levels can be found in PIEs derived from them, despite sperm containing ~50-fold lower levels of these miRNAs than those already present in PIEs. We previously found that men exposed to early life trauma also display reduced sperm levels of miR-34/449. And here we show that miR-34c can also increase the expression of its own gene, and that of miR-449 in human embryonic stem cells, suggesting that human PIEs derived from men with low sperm miR-34/449 levels may also contain this potentially harmful defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Champroux
- Development, Molecular & Chemical Biology/Medical, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Tang
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A. Dickson
- Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice Meng
- Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Harrington
- Center for Molecular Medicine, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Lucy Liaw
- Center for Genomic Studies, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia Institution, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Marzi
- Center for Genomic Studies, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia Institution, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Studies, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia Institution, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Larry A. Feig
- Development, Molecular & Chemical Biology/Medical, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Zheng M, Hong T, Zhou H, Garland EL, Hu Y. The acute effect of mindfulness-based regulation on neural indices of cue-induced craving in smokers. Addict Behav 2024; 159:108134. [PMID: 39178637 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Mindfulness has garnered attention for its potential in alleviating cigarette cravings; however, the neural mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain inadequately understood. This study (N=46, all men) aims to examine the impact of a mindfulness strategy on regulating cue-induced craving and associated brain activity. Twenty-three smokers, consuming over 10 cigarettes daily for at least 2 years, were compared to twenty-three non-smokers. During a regulation of craving task, participants were asked to practice mindfulness during smoking cue-exposure or passively view smoking cues while fMRI scans were completed. A 2 (condition: mindfulness-cigarette and look-cigarette) × 2 (phase: early, late of whole smoking cue-exposure period) repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant interaction of the craving scores between condition and phase, indicating that the mindfulness strategy dampened late-phase craving. Additionally, within the smoker group, the fMRI analyses revealed a significant main effect of mindfulness condition and its interaction with time in several brain networks involving reward, emotion, and interoception. Specifically, the bilateral insula, ventral striatum, and amygdala showed lower activation in the mindfulness condition, whereas the activation of right orbitofrontal cortex mirrored the strategy-time interaction effect of the craving change. This study illuminates the dynamic interplay between mindfulness, smoking cue-induced craving, and neural activity, offering insights into how mindfulness may effectively regulate cigarette cravings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zheng
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tiantian Hong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Eric L Garland
- Sanford Institute for Empathy and Compassion, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yuzheng Hu
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Frontiers Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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128
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Wahl K, Kollárik M, Lieb R. Does responsibility for potential harm attenuate the effects of repeated checking on metamemory and automatization? J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2024; 85:101977. [PMID: 38972176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2024.101977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Repeated checking results in large reductions in metamemory variables (confidence, details, and vividness). It has been suggested that the underlying mechanism is gradual automatization. At the same time, individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are reluctant to automatize routine processes. The aim was to investigate whether high responsibility for potential harm, typical of OCD, would attenuate the effects of repeated checking on metamemory variables and automatization. METHODS One hundred seventy-five participants were initially provided with a cover story that put the subsequent virtual checking task in a context of potential harm for not checking properly. Participants were randomly allocated to four experimental groups (varying high and low responsibility, relevant and irrelevant checking) and performed a virtual checking task repeatedly, using either identical stimuli (relevant checking) or different stimuli (irrelevant checking) between the first and final checking trial. Metamemory variables were rated on visual analogue scales, and response latencies were assessed to establish automatization. RESULTS Larger reductions in metamemory variables following relevant checking compared to irrelevant checking replicated previous findings. High responsibility did not affect these results. Large reductions in response latencies across the checking trials (automatization) were also independent of the perceived responsibility. LIMITATIONS We did not include individuals with OCD. CONCLUSIONS Since responsibility did not influence the effects of repeated checking on metamemory variables, findings are consistent with the idea that automatization remains a plausible explanation of the effects of repeated checking on metamemory variables in individuals with OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Wahl
- Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Kollárik
- Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roselind Lieb
- Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Switzerland
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129
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Jing Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Li M, Gao Y, Zhang B, Li J. Inflammation-related abnormal dynamic brain activity correlates with cognitive impairment in first-episode, drug-naïve major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:217-225. [PMID: 39197551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is common in major depressive disorder (MDD) and potentially linked to inflammation-induced alterations in brain function. However, the relationship between inflammation, dynamic brain activity, and cognitive impairment in MDD remains unclear. METHODS Fifty-seven first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients and sixty healthy controls underwent fMRI scanning. Dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) were measured using the sliding window method. Plasma IL - 6 levels and cognitive function were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Repeated Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), respectively. RESULTS MDD patients exhibited decreased dALFF in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), right inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (IFGoperc), and bilateral middle occipital gyrus (MOG). Regions of dALFF associated with IL-6 included right ITG (r = -0.400/p = 0.003), left ITG (r = -0.381/p = 0.004), right IFGoperc (r = -0.342/p = 0.011), and right MOG (r = -0.327/p = 0.016). Furthermore, IL-6-related abnormal dALFF (including right ITG: r = 0.309/p = 0.023, left ITG: r = 0.276/p = 0.044) was associated with attention impairment. These associations were absent entirely in MDD patients without suicidal ideation. Additionally, IL-6 levels were correlated with dFC of specific brain regions. LIMITATIONS Small sample size and cross-sectional study design. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation-related dALFF was associated with attention impairment in MDD patients, with variations observed among MDD subgroups. These findings contribute to the understanding of the intricate relationship between inflammation, dynamic brain activity and cognitive impairments in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Jing
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yuwen Zhou
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China.
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130
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Melton HJ, Zhang Z, Deng HW, Wu L, Wu C. MIMOSA: a resource consisting of improved methylome prediction models increases power to identify DNA methylation-phenotype associations. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2370542. [PMID: 38963888 PMCID: PMC11225927 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2370542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Although DNA methylation (DNAm) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous complex diseases, from cancer to cardiovascular disease to autoimmune disease, the exact methylation sites that play key roles in these processes remain elusive. One strategy to identify putative causal CpG sites and enhance disease etiology understanding is to conduct methylome-wide association studies (MWASs), in which predicted DNA methylation that is associated with complex diseases can be identified. However, current MWAS models are primarily trained using the data from single studies, thereby limiting the methylation prediction accuracy and the power of subsequent association studies. Here, we introduce a new resource, MWAS Imputing Methylome Obliging Summary-level mQTLs and Associated LD matrices (MIMOSA), a set of models that substantially improve the prediction accuracy of DNA methylation and subsequent MWAS power through the use of a large summary-level mQTL dataset provided by the Genetics of DNA Methylation Consortium (GoDMC). Through the analyses of GWAS (genome-wide association study) summary statistics for 28 complex traits and diseases, we demonstrate that MIMOSA considerably increases the accuracy of DNA methylation prediction in whole blood, crafts fruitful prediction models for low heritability CpG sites, and determines markedly more CpG site-phenotype associations than preceding methods. Finally, we use MIMOSA to conduct a case study on high cholesterol, pinpointing 146 putatively causal CpG sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter J. Melton
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Zichen Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lang Wu
- Center of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chong Wu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Institute for Data Science in Oncology, The UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
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131
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Vidal AC, Sosnowski DW, Marchesoni J, Grenier C, Thorp J, Murphy SK, Johnson SB, Schlief W, Hoyo C. Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and offspring imprinted gene DMR methylation at birth. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2293412. [PMID: 38100614 PMCID: PMC10730185 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2293412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) contribute to numerous negative health outcomes across the life course and across generations. Here, we extend prior work by examining the association of maternal ACEs, and their interaction with financial stress and discrimination, with methylation status within eight differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in imprinted domains in newborns. ACEs, financial stress during pregnancy, and experience of discrimination were self-reported among 232 pregnant women. DNA methylation was assessed at PEG10/SGCE, NNAT, IGF2, H19, PLAGL1, PEG3, MEG3-IG, and DLK1/MEG3 regulatory sequences using pyrosequencing. Using multivariable linear regression models, we found evidence to suggest that financial stress was associated with hypermethylation of MEG3-IG in non-Hispanic White newborns; discrimination was associated with hypermethylation of IGF2 and NNAT in Hispanic newborns, and with hypomethylation of PEG3 in non-Hispanic Black newborns. We also found evidence that maternal ACEs interacted with discrimination to predict offspring PLAGL1 altered DMR methylation, in addition to interactions between maternal ACEs score and discrimination predicting H19 and SGCE/PEG10 altered methylation in non-Hispanic White newborns. However, these interactions were not statistically significant after multiple testing corrections. Findings from this study suggest that maternal ACEs, discrimination, and financial stress are associated with newborn aberrant methylation in imprinted gene regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C. Vidal
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - David W. Sosnowski
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joddy Marchesoni
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Carole Grenier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John Thorp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health, UNC Gillings School of Public Health, UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susan K. Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sara B. Johnson
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Population, Family & Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William Schlief
- Johns Hopkins All Children’s Pediatric Biorepository, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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132
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Fare CM, Rothstein JD. Nuclear pore dysfunction and disease: a complex opportunity. Nucleus 2024; 15:2314297. [PMID: 38383349 PMCID: PMC10883112 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2314297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The separation of genetic material from bulk cytoplasm has enabled the evolution of increasingly complex organisms, allowing for the development of sophisticated forms of life. However, this complexity has created new categories of dysfunction, including those related to the movement of material between cellular compartments. In eukaryotic cells, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is a fundamental biological process, and cumulative disruptions to nuclear integrity and nucleocytoplasmic transport are detrimental to cell survival. This is particularly true in post-mitotic neurons, where nuclear pore injury and errors to nucleocytoplasmic trafficking are strongly associated with neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of nuclear pore biology in physiological and pathological contexts and discuss potential therapeutic approaches for addressing nuclear pore injury and dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Fare
- Department of Neurology and Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Department of Neurology and Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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133
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Janssens WH, Van Den Noortgate NJ, Mouton V, Desmet P, Van Puyvelde K, Steen E, Maere C, Van Mulders K, De Raes E, Dekoninck J, Kympers C, Werbrouck B, Delaere J, Piers RD. Opioids in geriatric units in 14 Belgian hospitals: prevalence, dosage and associated factors. Ann Med 2024; 56:2310132. [PMID: 38294956 PMCID: PMC10833115 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2310132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adverse effects of opioids are common among older individuals, and undertreatment as well as overuse can be an issue. Epidemiological data on opioid use in older individuals are available, but scarce in hospitalized patients.Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the one-day prevalence of opioid use among older inpatients and identify the factors associated with both opioid use and dosage.Materials and methods: One-day cross-sectional study with data collected from geriatric units across 14 Belgian hospitals. The primary focus of the study is to assess the prevalence of opioid use and dosage, along with identifying associated factors. To achieve this, a multiple binary logistic regression model was fitted for opioid use, and a multiple linear regression model for opioid dose.Results: Opioids were used in 24.4% of 784 patients, of which 57.9% was treated with tramadol, 13.2% with oxycodone or morphine and 28.9% with transdermal buprenorphine or fentanyl. The odds for opioid use were 4.2 times higher in patients in orthogeriatric units compared to other patients (OR=4.2, 95% CI=2.50-7.05). The prevalence of opioid use was 34% higher in patients without dementia compared to patients with dementia (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.46-0.95). The overall mean daily dosage was 14.07mg subcutaneous morphine equivalent. After adjustment for age, gender and dementia, dosage was only associated with type of opioid: the estimated mean opioid dose was 70% lower with tramadol (mean ratio=0,30,95% CI=0,23-0,39) and 67% lower with oxycodone and morphine (mean ratio=0,33, 95% CI=0,22-0,48) compared to transdermal buprenorphine and transdermal fentanyl.Conclusions: One in four patients received opioid treatment. It is not clear whether this reflects under- or overtreatment, but these results can serve as a benchmark for geriatric units to guide future pain management practices. The utilization of transdermal fentanyl and buprenorphine, resulting in higher doses of morphine equivalent, poses significant risks for side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Henri Janssens
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Geriatrics, AZ Oudenaarde, Oudenaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Veerle Mouton
- Department of Geriatrics, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Peter Desmet
- Department of Geriatrics, VITAZ, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | | | - Elke Steen
- Department of Geriatrics, AZ Sint-Lucas Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline Maere
- Department of Geriatrics, AZ Sint-Lucas Brugge, Bruges, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Bart Werbrouck
- Department of Geriatrics, AZ Jan Yperman, Ypres, Belgium
| | | | - Ruth D. Piers
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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134
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Sola Fraca D, Sánchez Garrigós E, de Francisco Moure J, Marín Gonzalez B, Badiola Díez JJ, Acín Tresaco C. Sleep disturbance in clinical and preclinical scrapie-infected sheep measured by polysomnography. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-9. [PMID: 38698657 PMCID: PMC11073408 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2349674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by neuronal loss and abnormal deposition of pathological proteins in the nervous system. Among the most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease and transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are one of the most common symptoms in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, one of the main objectives in the study of TSEs is to try to establish an early diagnosis, as clinical signs do not appear until the damage to the central nervous system is very advanced, which prevents any therapeutic approach. In this paper, we provide the first description of sleep disturbance caused by classical scrapie in clinical and preclinical sheep using polysomnography compared to healthy controls. Fifteen sheep classified into three groups, clinical, preclinical and negative control, were analysed. The results show a decrease in total sleep time as the disease progresses, with significant changes between control, clinical and pre-clinical animals. The results also show an increase in sleep fragmentation in clinical animals compared to preclinical and control animals. In addition, sheep with clinical scrapie show a total loss of Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM) and alterations in Non Rapid Eyes Movement sleep (NREM) compared to control sheep, demonstrating more shallow sleep. Although further research is needed, these results suggest that prion diseases also produce sleep disturbances in animals and that polysomnography could be a diagnostic tool of interest in clinical and preclinical cases of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sola Fraca
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Belén Marín Gonzalez
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan José Badiola Díez
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Acín Tresaco
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
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135
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Law KC, O'Connell KL, Jacobson SV, Baer MM, Baker PM, Tull MT. Influences of sleep, cortisol reactivity, and risk/reward-based decision-making on suicide. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2024; 85:101975. [PMID: 38870548 PMCID: PMC11347093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2024.101975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Poor sleep quality is a known contributor to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This study examines whether sleep quality modulates the effect of an individual's stress response and risk/reward-based decision making on suicide risk. METHODS Participants were 160 adults at a residential substance use treatment facility with lifetime exposure to trauma who completed a clinician-administered measure of suicide risk, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), and a self-report measure of sleep. Cortisol reactivity (i.e., changes in cortisol before and after a personalized trauma script) was used to measure stress response. We used quantile regression to examine the effects of sleep, cortisol, and risk/reward decision-making on suicide risk. RESULTS We found poor sleep quality to be increasingly salient in individuals at greater risk for suicide than those at lower risk for suicide. Furthermore, individuals with moderate to moderate-high levels of suicide risk seem to have greater cortisol reactivity. In the low-moderate quantile, we found suicide risk to be associated with both high stress reactivity and low-risk, high-reward decision-making, as well as low stress reactivity and high-risk/low-reward decision-making. LIMITATIONS These findings should be interpreted considering several methodological constraints, such as the use of a pre-determined sample and instruments not tailored for our hypotheses, the MINI 'Suicide' Module's limited differentiation between suicidal ideation and behavior, and variably timed cortisol sampling. CONCLUSIONS Despite these limitations, the findings from this study support the use of evidence-based interventions focused on improving sleep quality and managing emotional reactivity to decrease suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyne C Law
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Samantha V Jacobson
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Margaret M Baer
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Phillip M Baker
- Department of Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew T Tull
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA; Lyra Health Inc., Burlingame, CA, USA
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136
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Zou K, Deng Q, Zhang H, Huang C. Glymphatic system: a gateway for neuroinflammation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2661-2672. [PMID: 38595285 PMCID: PMC11168510 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a relatively recently identified fluid exchange and transport system in the brain. Accumulating evidence indicates that glymphatic function is impaired not only in central nervous system disorders but also in systemic diseases. Systemic diseases can trigger the inflammatory responses in the central nervous system, occasionally leading to sustained inflammation and functional disturbance of the central nervous system. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between glymphatic dysfunction and central nervous system inflammation. In addition, we discuss the hypothesis that disease conditions initially associated with peripheral inflammation overwhelm the performance of the glymphatic system, thereby triggering central nervous system dysfunction, chronic neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Future research investigating the role of the glymphatic system in neuroinflammation may offer innovative therapeutic approaches for central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailu Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qingwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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137
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Singh M, Ali H, Renuka Jyothi S, Kaur I, Kumar S, Sharma N, Siva Prasad GV, Pramanik A, Hassan Almalki W, Imran M. Tau proteins and senescent Cells: Targeting aging pathways in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149165. [PMID: 39155034 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of tau proteins and amyloid-β, leading to neuronal death and cognitive impairment. Recent studies have implicated aging pathways, including dysregulation of tau and cellular senescence in AD pathogenesis. In AD brains, tau protein, which normally stabilizes microtubules, becomes hyperphosphorylated and forms insoluble neurofibrillary tangles. These tau aggregates impair neuronal function and are propagated across the brain's neurocircuitry. Meanwhile, the number of senescent cells accumulating in the aging brain is rising, releasing a pro-inflammatory SASP responsible for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. This review explores potential therapeutic interventions for AD targeting tau protein and senescent cells, and tau -directed compounds, senolytics, eliminating senescent cells, and agents that modulate the SASP-senomodulators. Ultimately, a combined approach that incorporates tau-directed medications and targeted senescent cell-based therapies holds promise for reducing the harmful impact of AD's shared aging pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahaveer Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS University, Shirpur campus, Maharastra India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - S Renuka Jyothi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Irwanjot Kaur
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan-303012, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India
| | - G V Siva Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531162, India
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Center for Health Research, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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138
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Poplin T, Ironside M, Kuplicki R, Aupperle RL, Guinjoan SM, Khalsa SS, Stewart JL, Victor TA, Paulus MP, Kirlic N. The unique face of comorbid anxiety and depression: Increased frontal, insula and cingulate cortex response during Pavlovian fear-conditioning. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:98-105. [PMID: 39187192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of fear processing through altered sensitivity to threat is thought to contribute to the development of anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, fewer studies have examined fear processing in MDD than in anxiety disorders. The current study used propensity matching to examine the hypothesis that comorbid MDD and anxiety (AnxMDD) shows greater neural correlates of fear processing than MDD, suggesting that the co-occurrence of AnxMDD is exemplified by exaggerated defense related processes. METHODS 195 individuals with MDD (N = 65) or AnxMDD (N = 130) were recruited from the community and completed multi-level assessments, including a Pavlovian fear learning task during functional imaging. Visual images paired with threat (conditioned stimuli: CS+) were compared to stimuli not paired with threat (CS-). RESULTS MDD and AnxMDD showed significantly different patterns of activation for CS+ vs CS- in the dorsal anterior insula/inferior frontal gyrus (partial eta squared; ηp2 = 0.02), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (ηp2 = 0.01) and dorsal anterior/mid cingulate cortex (ηp2 = 0.01). These differences were driven by greater activation to the CS+ in AnxMDD versus MDD. LIMITATIONS Limitations include the cross-sectional design, a scream US rather than shock and half the number of MDD as AnxMDD participants. CONCLUSIONS AnxMDD showed a pattern of increased activation in regions identified with fear processing. Effects were consistently driven by threat, further suggesting fear signaling as the emergent target process. Differences emerged in regions associated with salience processing, attentional orienting/conflict, self-relevant processing and executive functioning in comorbid anxiety and depression, thereby highlighting potential treatment targets for this prevalent and treatment resistant group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tate Poplin
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Maria Ironside
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA.
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Robin L Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Salvador M Guinjoan
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Teresa A Victor
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Namik Kirlic
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
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139
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Lu Y, Han L, Wang X, Liu X, Jia X, Lan K, Gao S, Feng Z, Yu L, Yang Q, Cui N, Wei YB, Liu JJ. Association between blood mitochondrial DNA copy number and mental disorders: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:370-378. [PMID: 39197553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria is essential for cellular energy production, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes essential proteins for mitochondrial function. Although several studies have explored the association between changes in mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and risk of mental disorders, the results remain debated. This study used a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the genetic causality between mtDNA-CN and mental disorders. METHODS Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for mtDNA-CN were sourced from UK biobank, involving 383,476 European cases. GWAS data for seven mental disorders-attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder-were primarily obtained from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Causal associations were assessed using inverse variance weighting, with sensitivity analyses via the weighted median and MR-Egger methods. Reverse MR considered the seven mental disorders as exposures. All analyses were replicated with additional mtDNA-CN GWAS data from 465,809 individuals in the Heart and Ageing Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium and the UK Biobank. RESULTS Forward MR observed a 27 % decrease in the risk of ASD per standard deviation increase in genetically determined blood mtDNA-CN (OR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.92, p = 0.002), with no causal effects on other disorders. Additionally, reverse MR did not indicate a causal association between any of the mental disorders and mtDNA-CN. Validation analyses corroborated these findings, indicating their robustness. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the potential causal association between mtDNA-CN and the risk of ASD, suggesting that mtDNA-CN could serve as a promising biomarker for early screening of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan'e Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinlei Jia
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kunyi Lan
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shumin Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhendong Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lulu Yu
- Mental Health Center, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Mental Health Assessment and Intervention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050031, China
| | - Qian Yang
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Naixue Cui
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Ya Bin Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jia Jia Liu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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140
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Leonard BT, Kark SM, Granger SJ, Adams JG, McMillan L, Yassa MA. Anhedonia is associated with higher functional connectivity between the nucleus accumbens and paraventricular nucleus of thalamus. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:1-7. [PMID: 39197547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia stands as a life-threatening transdiagnostic feature of many mental illnesses, most notably major depression and involves neural circuits for processing reward information. The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) is associated with reward-seeking behavior, however, links between the PVT circuit and anhedonia have not been investigated in humans. METHODS In a sample of adults with and without psychiatric symptoms (n = 75, 18-41 years, 55 female), we generated an anhedonia factor score for each participant using a latent factor analysis, utilizing data from depression and anxiety assessments. Functional connectivity between the PVT and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) was calculated from high-resolution (1.5 mm) resting state fMRI. RESULTS Anhedonia factor scores showed a positive relationship with functional connectivity between the PVT and the NAc, principally in males and in those with psychiatric symptoms. In males, connectivity between other midline thalamic nuclei and the NAc did not show these relationships, suggesting that this link may be specific to PVT. LIMITATIONS This cohort was originally recruited to study depression and not anhedonia per se. The distribution of male and female participants in our cohort was not equal. Partial acquisition in high-resolution fMRI scans restricted regions of interest outside of the thalamus and reward networks. CONCLUSIONS We report evidence that anhedonia is associated with enhanced functional connectivity between the PVT and the NAc, regions that are relevant to reward processing. These results offer clues as to the potential prevention and prevention and treatment of anhedonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca T Leonard
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Sarah M Kark
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Steven J Granger
- Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joren G Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; VA HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Liv McMillan
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
| | - Michael A Yassa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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141
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Lv D, Han N, Yuan M, Huang W, Yan L, Tang H. Depression and the risk of non-alcohol fatty liver disease: Results from a cross-sectional study and a Mendelian randomization analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:300-307. [PMID: 39216642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that psychiatric factors may be pathogenic for NAFLD. However, the association between depression and NAFLD is not been consistent, and whether depression plays a causal role in the development of NAFLD remains unclear. METHODS We extracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018 to assess the correlation between depression and NAFLD risk. Based on previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) meta-analyses on NAFLD and depression, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal effect of depression on NAFLD. The primary analysis method used in the MR analysis was inverse variance weighted. RESULTS We ultimately extracted the data from 3878 individuals in the NHANES database to perform the cross-sectional study. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression showed that depressed individuals had a higher risk of NAFLD than controls (odds ratio [OR] 1.33, 95 % CI 1.03-1.72, p = 0.027) among women. Based on GWAS data, we included 36 genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect of depression on NAFLD risk. The MR analysis revealed a causal association between genetically predicted depression and an increased risk of NAFLD (OR = 1.504, 95 % CI 1.13-2.00, p = 0.005). LIMITATIONS The consistency of these findings in Eastern populations requires further longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study suggested that depression might increase the risk of NAFLD in women. The MR analysis demonstrated that there exists a causal association between genetically predicated depression and NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Lv
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Ning Han
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Libo Yan
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China; Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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Lee VY, Nils AVM, Arruda BP, Xavier GF, Nogueira MI, Motta-Teixeira LC, Takada SH. Spontaneous running wheel exercise during pregnancy prevents later neonatal-anoxia-induced somatic and neurodevelopmental alterations. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:263-279. [PMID: 39310269 PMCID: PMC11414703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction About 15-20 % of babies that suffer perinatal asphyxia die and around 25 % of the survivors exhibit permanent neural outcomes. Minimization of this global health problem has been warranted. This study investigated if the offspring of pregnant female rats allowed to spontaneously exercise on running wheels along a 11-day pregnancy period were protected for somatic and neurodevelopmental disturbs that usually follow neonatal anoxia. Methods spontaneous exercise was applied to female rats which were housed in cages allowing free access to running wheels along a 11-day pregnancy period. Their offspring were submitted to anoxia 24-36 h after birth. Somatic and sensory-motor development of the pups were recorded until postnatal day 21 (P21). Myelin basic protein (MBP)-stained areas of sensory and motor cortices were measured at P21. Neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-immunopositive cells and synapsin-I levels in hippocampal formation were estimated at P21 and P75. Results gestational exercise and / or neonatal anoxia increased the weight and the size of the pups. In addition, gestational exercise accelerated somatic and sensory-motor development of the pups and protected them against neonatal-anoxia-induced delay in development. Further, neonatal anoxia reduced MBP stained area in the secondary motor cortex and decreased hippocampal neuronal estimates and synapsin-I levels at P21; gestational exercise prevented these effects. Therefore, spontaneous exercise along pregnancy is a valuable strategy to prevent neonatal-anoxia-induced disturbs in the offspring. Conclusion spontaneous gestational running wheel exercise protects against neonatal anoxia-induced disturbs in the offspring, including (1) physical and neurobehavioral developmental impairments, and (2) hippocampal and cortical changes. Thus, spontaneous exercise during pregnancy may represent a valuable strategy to prevent disturbs which usually follow neonatal anoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Yonamine Lee
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Vilar Machado Nils
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, R. do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Petrucelli Arruda
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Alameda da Universidade, s/n, Bloco Delta, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fernando Xavier
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, R. do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Nogueira
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Lívia Clemente Motta-Teixeira
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, R. do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, R. Jaguaribe, 155 - Vila Buarque, Sao Paulo, SP 01224-001, Brazil
| | - Silvia Honda Takada
- Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Alameda da Universidade, s/n, Bloco Delta, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
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143
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Herhaus B, Heni M, Bloch W, Petrowski K. Dynamic interplay of cortisol and BDNF in males under acute and chronic psychosocial stress - A randomized controlled study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 170:107192. [PMID: 39332135 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
The neurotrophic protein brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a pivotal role in brain function and is affected by acute and chronic stress. We here investigate the patterns of BDNF and cortisol stress reactivity and recovery under the standardized stress protocol of the TSST and the effect of perceived chronic stress on the basal BDNF levels in healthy young men. Twenty-nine lean young men underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a resting condition. Serum BDNF and cortisol were measured before and repeatedly after both conditions. The perception of chronic stress was assessed by the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS). After the TSST, there was a significant increase over time for BDNF and cortisol. Stronger increase in cortisol in response to stress was linked to an accelerated BDNF decline after stress. Basal resting levels of BDNF was significantly predicted by chronic stress perception. The increased BDNF level following psychosocial stress suggest a stress-induced neuroprotective mechanism. The presumed interplay between BDNF and the HPA-axis indicates an antagonistic relationship of cortisol on BDNF recovery post-stress. Chronically elevated high cortisol levels, as present in chronic stress, could thereby contribute to reduced neurogenesis, and an increased risk of neurodegenerative conditions in persons suffering from chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Herhaus
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Martin Heni
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany; Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Petrowski
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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144
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Li M, Qing R, Tao F, Xu P, Zhang S. Inhibitory effect of truncated isoforms on GPCR dimerization predicted by combinatorial computational strategy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:278-286. [PMID: 38173876 PMCID: PMC10762321 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a pivotal role in fundamental biological processes and disease development. GPCR isoforms, derived from alternative splicing, can exhibit distinct signaling patterns. Some highly-truncated isoforms can impact functional performance of full-length receptors, suggesting their intriguing regulatory roles. However, how these truncated isoforms interact with full-length counterparts remains largely unexplored. Here, we computationally investigated the interaction patterns of three human GPCRs from three different classes, ADORA1 (Class A), mGlu2 (Class C) and SMO (Class F) with their respective truncated isoforms because their homodimer structures have been experimentally determined, and they have truncated isoforms deposited and identified at protein level in Uniprot database. Combining the neural network-based AlphaFold2 and two physics-based protein-protein docking tools, we generated multiple complex structures and assessed the binding affinity in the context of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Our computational results suggested all the four studied truncated isoforms showed potent binding to their counterparts and overlapping interfaces with homodimers, indicating their strong potential to block homodimerization of their counterparts. Our study offers insights into functional significance of GPCR truncated isoforms and supports the ubiquity of their regulatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Architecture, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rui Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Architecture, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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145
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Ngubane NP, Mabandla MV, De Gama BZ. The antipsychotic potential of Salix Mucronata on ketamine-induced rats. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:96-107. [PMID: 39040636 PMCID: PMC11261032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Salix mucronata is one of the herbal plants offered by the traditional health practitioners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa for the treatment of schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated administration of ketamine on social interaction, novelty and motivation in adult, male Sprague Dawley rats. It also aimed to investigate the potential of risperidone and the herbal extract of S. mucronata to reverse impairments that are induced by ketamine. Experimental rats (n=45) received a dose of ketamine at 30 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection for 5 consecutive days. They were then allocated into their respective treatment groups and given risperidone (APD) and the herbal extract of S. mucronata (TM) at doses of 6 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively, for 7 consecutive days. Social behaviour was tested using the 3-chambered sociability test, and anhedonia was tested using the sucrose preference test. Ketamine induction elicited social withdrawal and reduced social novelty which were later successfully reversed by risperidone and S. mucronata. The rats showed reduced preference to sucrose post-induction and post-treatment. Ketamine and mild stress caused by scruff restraint elicited reduced weight gain for the animals. No differences were noted on brain mass between controls and experimental groups and also between risperidone and S. mucronata groups. However, reduced brain volume was noted in experimental groups. Dopamine and acetylcholine concentration levels were high in groups which received risperidone and S. mucronata. These findings highlight that the antipsychotic potential of S. mucronata is similar to risperidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntombifuthi P. Ngubane
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Musa V. Mabandla
- Discipline of Physiology School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Brenda Z. De Gama
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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146
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Ji T, Ye W, Xiao W, Dawson G, Dong Q, Gwenin C. Iridium oxide-modified reference screen-printed electrodes for point-of-care portable electrochemical cortisol detection. Talanta 2024; 280:126776. [PMID: 39216420 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cortisol is a well-known stress biomarker; this study focuses on using electrochemical immuno-sensing to measure the concentration of cortisol selectively and sensitively in artificial samples. Anti-cortisol antibodies have been immobilised on polycrystalline Au electrodes via strong covalent thiol bonds, fabricating an electrochemical bio-immunosensor for cortisol detection. IrOx was then anodically electrodeposited as a reference electrode on a commercial screen-printed electrode and electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) studies were used to correlate the electrochemical response to cortisol concentration and the induced changes in charge transfer resistance (Rct). A linear relationship between the Rct and the logarithm of cortisol concentration was found in concentrations ranging from 1 ng/mL to 1 mg/mL with limit of detection at 11.85 pg/mL (32.69 pM). The modification of the reference electrode with iridium oxide has greatly improved the reproducibility of the screen-printed electrode. The sensing system can provide a reliable and sensitive detection approach for cortisol measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ji
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, School of Science, Department of Chemistry, No. 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Ye
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, School of Science, Department of Chemistry, No. 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyu Xiao
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, School of Science, Department of Chemistry, No. 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Graham Dawson
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, School of Science, Department of Chemistry, No. 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuchen Dong
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, School of Science, Department of Chemistry, No. 111 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Christopher Gwenin
- School of Applied Sciences Division of Health Sciences, Abertay University, Bell St, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
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Huang D, Li M, Qiao Z, Zhou H, Cai Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhou J. Effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on oligodendrocyte lineage cells and myelination in mice: Age and subregion differences. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:220-234. [PMID: 39282551 PMCID: PMC11401168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is an important phase for the structural and functional development of the brain. The immaturity of adolescent brain development is associated with high susceptibility to exogenous disturbances, including alcohol. In this study, the acquisition of conditioned place preference (CPP) in adolescent mice by alcohol (2 g/kg) and the parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV+ interneurons), oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OPCs), and myelination in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were assessed. We aim to determine the age- and subregional-specificity of the effects of alcohol. Alcohol (2 g/kg) was injected intraperitoneally on even days, and saline was injected intraperitoneally on odd days. The control group received a continuous intraperitoneal injection with saline. Differences in alcohol-induced CPP acquisition were assessed, followed by immunohistochemical staining. The results showed a pronounced CPP acquisition in 4- and 5-week-old mice. In the mPFC, there were reduced PV+ interneurons and OPCs in 3-week-old mice and reduced oligodendrocyte numbers in 4-week-old mice. The 5-week-old mice showed impaired myelination and a decrease in the number of PV+ interneurons, mature oligodendrocytes, and OPCs in the mPFC. Since the alterations in 5-week-old mice are more pronounced, we further explored the mPFC-associated subregional-specificity. In the alcohol-exposed mice, the oligodendrocyte numbers were decreased in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), PV+ interneuron numbers were declined in the prelimbic cortex (PL), and the number of oligodendrocytes, PV+ interneurons, and OPCs was also decreased with impaired myelination in the infralimbic cortex (IL). Our data suggest that adolescent alcohol exposure notably affected the acquisition of CPP, myelin formation, and the counts of PV+ interneurons, mature oligodendrocytes, and OPCs in the mPFC in 5-week-old mice. Also, the IL subregion was the worst-affected subregion of the mPFC in alcohol-exposed 5-week-old mice. It reveals that the effects of alcohol on adolescence and its mPFC myelination show obvious age- and subregional-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Maolin Li
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifei Qiao
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zuo Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiyin Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Cheng J, Williams JP, Zhou L, Wang PC, Sun LN, Li RH, An JX. Ozone rectal insufflation mitigates chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment through inflammation alleviation and gut microbiota regulation in mice. Med Gas Res 2024; 14:213-224. [PMID: 39073330 DOI: 10.4103/mgr.medgasres-d-23-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
A range of sleep disorders has the potential to adversely affect cognitive function. This study was undertaken with the objective of investigating the effects of ozone rectal insufflation (O3-RI) on cognitive dysfunction induced by chronic REM sleep deprivation, as well as elucidating possible underlying mechanisms. O3-RI ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, improved the neuronal damage in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss. Administration of O3-RI may protect against chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction by reversing the abnormal expression of Occludin and leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome as well as interleukin-1β in the hippocampus and colon tissues. Moreover, the microbiota diversity and composition of sleep deprivation mice were significantly affected by O3-RI intervention, as evidenced by the reversal of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes abundance ratio and the relative abundance of the Bacteroides genus. In particular, the relative abundance of the Bacteroides genus demonstrated a pronounced correlation with cognitive impairment and inflammation. Our findings suggested that O3-RI can improve cognitive dysfunction in sleep deprivation mice, and its mechanisms may be related to regulating gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation and damage in the hippocampus and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wang
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Na Sun
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui-Hua Li
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- Center of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Rapid Anti-depression, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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149
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Fatemian H, Moslemi H, Hosseini Y, Moshfeghinia R. C-reactive protein (CRP) level in depressed patients with suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:423-433. [PMID: 39187188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicidal behavior necessitates prompt diagnosis due to its severe consequences. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels may offer insights into its pathophysiology and aid in risk assessment, potentially enhancing preventive interventions and treatment strategies. The aim of this study is to assess the CRP levels in depressed patients with and without suicidal behavior. METHODS Our systematic review was registered in Prospero (#CRD42024518477). We searched five databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL Complete) for records in English from inception to February 2024. We included observational studies that measured CRP in depressed patients with and without suicidal behavior. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess the quality of the included studies. We employed a random-effects model, and the statistical analysis was conducted using Stata software version 17. RESULTS Initial 632 articles narrowed to 15 for systematic review. Fifteen studies with 3652 participants included. Fourteen studies involving 3387 depressed patients, 1269 with suicidal behavior, analyzed CRP levels. Suicidal patients exhibited higher CRP levels (SMD: 0.80 [0.37, 1.23]). Analysis of seven studies with 465 participants, including 200 depressed patients with suicidal behavior and 265 healthy controls, showed higher CRP levels in depressed patients (SMD: 1.58 [0.97, 2.19]). CONCLUSION In summary, our systematic review and meta-analysis of CRP levels in suicidal patients revealed that those with suicidal behavior exhibited higher CRP levels, suggesting possible implications for treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Fatemian
- Medical doctor, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Moslemi
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, AJA University of Command and Staff, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Hosseini
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Moshfeghinia
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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150
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Dong Q, Ma Q, Wang W, Wang J, Pluess M, Ma X. Environmental sensitivity moderates the longitudinal effect of fathers' positive parenting on mental disorders in Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 366:153-161. [PMID: 39214370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to fathers' positive parenting has been associated reducing mental disorder symptoms during adolescence, evidence on the mechanisms underlying this association is lacking. One potential mechanism linking fathers' positive parenting and mental disorders is environmental sensitivity (ES). Here we studied whether the increased positive behaviors of both parents (1) separately, (2) relatively, (3) and jointly predict reduced depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, suicidal ideation (SI), and increased well-being in Chinese adolescents. Additionally we investigated (4) whether ES moderates these relationships. METHODS This study involving 7010 Chinese adolescents (55.6 % girls) aged 15 to 18 from six junior high schools in Shaanxi, China was conducted at four timepoints. ES was assessed using the Highly Sensitive Child (HSC) scale at ages 15 and 16, parental positive behaviors using the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) at ages 16 and 17, and psychopathology symptoms using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory at ages 17 and 18. RESULTS (1) Multilevel analyses revealed that increased positive parenting predicted reduced psychiatric disorder symptoms and improved well-being; (2) trend interaction indicated that the compensatory effect of fathers' positive parenting was stronger in alleviating mental problems in adolescents than that of mothers'; (3) Simple slope analyses suggested that both high levels of fathers' and mothers' positive parenting predicted fewer subsequent psychiatric disorder symptoms, particularly for sensitive adolescents. LIMITATIONS This study was limited to its generalizability to the Western Chinese adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Substantial differences in the effects of positive paternal and maternal parenting highlight the important role of fathers' positive parenting in mental development, especially for highly sensitive adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qingyan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Student Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Shaanxi Energy Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Michael Pluess
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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