151
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Khandelwal N, Kulkarni A, Ahmed NI, Harper M, Konopka G, Gibson JR. FOXP1 regulates the development of excitatory synaptic inputs onto striatal neurons and induces phenotypic reversal with reinstatement. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadm7039. [PMID: 38701209 PMCID: PMC11068015 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm7039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Long-range glutamatergic inputs originating from the cortex and thalamus are indispensable for striatal development, providing the foundation for motor and cognitive functions. Despite their significance, transcriptional regulation governing these inputs remains largely unknown. We investigated the role of a transcription factor encoded by a high-risk autism-associated gene, FOXP1, in sculpting glutamatergic inputs onto spiny projection neurons (SPNs) within the striatum. We find a neuron subtype-specific role of FOXP1 in strengthening and maturing glutamatergic inputs onto dopamine receptor 2-expressing SPNs (D2 SPNs). We also find that FOXP1 promotes synaptically driven excitability in these neurons. Using single-nuclei RNA sequencing, we identify candidate genes that mediate these cell-autonomous processes through postnatal FOXP1 function at the post-synapse. Last, we demonstrate that postnatal FOXP1 reinstatement rescues electrophysiological deficits, cell type-specific gene expression changes, and behavioral phenotypes. Together, this study enhances our understanding of striatal circuit development and provides proof of concept for a therapeutic approach for FOXP1 syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Khandelwal
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ashwinikumar Kulkarni
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Newaz I. Ahmed
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Matthew Harper
- Department of Neuroscience and Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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152
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Abstract
Probing memory of a complex visual image within a few hundred milliseconds after its disappearance reveals significantly greater fidelity of recall than if the probe is delayed by as little as a second. Classically interpreted, the former taps into a detailed but rapidly decaying visual sensory or 'iconic' memory (IM), while the latter relies on capacity-limited but comparatively stable visual working memory (VWM). While iconic decay and VWM capacity have been extensively studied independently, currently no single framework quantitatively accounts for the dynamics of memory fidelity over these time scales. Here, we extend a stationary neural population model of VWM with a temporal dimension, incorporating rapid sensory-driven accumulation of activity encoding each visual feature in memory, and a slower accumulation of internal error that causes memorized features to randomly drift over time. Instead of facilitating read-out from an independent sensory store, an early cue benefits recall by lifting the effective limit on VWM signal strength imposed when multiple items compete for representation, allowing memory for the cued item to be supplemented with information from the decaying sensory trace. Empirical measurements of human recall dynamics validate these predictions while excluding alternative model architectures. A key conclusion is that differences in capacity classically thought to distinguish IM and VWM are in fact contingent upon a single resource-limited WM store.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tomić
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Paul M Bays
- Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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153
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Nolano M, Provitera V, Caporaso G, Fasolino I, Borreca I, Stancanelli A, Iuzzolino VV, Senerchia G, Vitale F, Tozza S, Ruggiero L, Iodice R, Ferrari S, Santoro L, Manganelli F, Dubbioso R. Skin innervation across amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clinical stages: new prognostic biomarkers. Brain 2024; 147:1740-1750. [PMID: 38123494 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, peripheral sensory abnormalities, including the evidence of cutaneous denervation, have been reported among the non-motor manifestations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, a correlation between cutaneous innervation and clinical features has not been found. The aims of this study were to assess sensory involvement by applying a morpho-functional approach to a large population of ALS patients stratified according to King's stages and correlate these findings with the severity and prognosis of the disease. We recruited 149 ALS patients and 41 healthy controls. Patients undertook clinical questionnaires for small fibre neuropathy symptoms (Small Fiber Neuropathy Symptoms Inventory Questionnaire) and underwent nerve conductions studies (NCS) and 3-mm punch skin biopsies from leg, thigh and fingertip. We assessed intraepidermal nerve fibre (IENF) and Meissner corpuscle (MC) density by applying an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Moreover, a subset of 65 ALS patients underwent a longitudinal study with repeat biopsies from the thigh at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Serum NfL levels were measured in 40 patients. Sensory symptoms and sensory NCS abnormalities were present in 32.2% and 24% of patients, respectively, and increased across clinical stages. Analogously, we observed a progressive reduction in amplitude of the sensory and motor ulnar nerve potential from stage 1 to stage 4. Skin biopsy showed a significant loss of IENFs and MCs in ALS compared with healthy controls (all P < 0.001). Across the clinical stages, we found a progressive reduction in MCs (P = 0.004) and an increase in IENFs (all P < 0.027). The increase in IENFs was confirmed by the longitudinal study. Interestingly, the MC density inversely correlated with NfL level (r = -0.424, P = 0.012), and survival analysis revealed that low MC density, higher NfL levels and increasing IENF density over time were associated with a poorer prognosis (all P < 0.024). To summarize, in patients with ALS, peripheral sensory involvement worsens in parallel with motor disability. Furthermore, the correlation between skin innervation and disease activity may suggest the use of skin innervation as a putative prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nolano
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Skin Biopsy Lab, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Telese Terme, Benevento 82037, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Provitera
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Skin Biopsy Lab, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Telese Terme, Benevento 82037, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caporaso
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Skin Biopsy Lab, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Telese Terme, Benevento 82037, Italy
| | - Ines Fasolino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Ilaria Borreca
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Skin Biopsy Lab, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Telese Terme, Benevento 82037, Italy
| | - Annamaria Stancanelli
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Skin Biopsy Lab, Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Telese Terme, Benevento 82037, Italy
| | - Valentina V Iuzzolino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Senerchia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Floriana Vitale
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Stefano Tozza
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Rosa Iodice
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Sergio Ferrari
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Raffaele Dubbioso
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
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154
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Elango S, Chakravarthy VS, Mutha PK. A lateralized motor network in order to understand adaptation to visuomotor rotation. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:036003. [PMID: 38653251 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective.The functional asymmetry between the two brain hemispheres in language and spatial processing is well documented. However, a description of difference in control between the two hemispheres in motor function is not well established. Our primary objective in this study was to examine the distribution of control in the motor hierarchy and its variation across hemispheres.Approach.We developed a computation model termed the bilateral control network and implemented the same in a neural network framework to be used to replicate certain experimental results. The network consists of a simple arm model capable of making movements in 2D space and a motor hierarchy with separate elements coding target location, estimated position of arm, direction, and distance to be moved by the arm, and the motor command sent to the arm. The main assumption made here is the division of direction and distance coding between the two hemispheres with distance coded in the non-dominant and direction coded in the dominant hemisphere.Main results.With this assumption, the network was able to show main results observed in visuomotor adaptation studies. Importantly it showed decrease in error exhibited by the untrained arm while the other arm underwent training compared to the corresponding naïve arm's performance-transfer of motor learning from trained to the untrained arm. It also showed how this varied depending on the performance variable used-with distance as the measure, the non-dominant arm showed transfer and with direction, dominant arm showed transfer.Significance.Our results indicate the possibility of shared control between the two hemispheres. If indeed found true, this result could have major significance in motor rehabilitation as treatment strategies will need to be designed in order to account for this and can no longer be confined to the arm contralateral to the affected hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundari Elango
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - V Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pratik K Mutha
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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155
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Graves WW, Levinson HJ, Staples R, Boukrina O, Rothlein D, Purcell J. An inclusive multivariate approach to neural localization of language components. Brain Struct Funct 2024:10.1007/s00429-024-02800-9. [PMID: 38693340 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
To determine how language is implemented in the brain, it is important to know which brain areas are primarily engaged in language processing and which are not. Existing protocols for localizing language are typically univariate, treating each small unit of brain volume as independent. One prominent example that focuses on the overall language network in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) uses a contrast between neural responses to sentences and sets of pseudowords (pronounceable nonwords). This contrast reliably activates peri-sylvian language areas but is less sensitive to extra-sylvian areas that are also known to support aspects of language such as word meanings (semantics). In this study, we assess areas where a multivariate, pattern-based approach shows high reproducibility across multiple measurements and participants, identifying these areas as multivariate regions of interest (mROI). We then perform a representational similarity analysis (RSA) of an fMRI dataset where participants made familiarity judgments on written words. We also compare those results to univariate regions of interest (uROI) taken from previous sentences > pseudowords contrasts. RSA with word stimuli defined in terms of their semantic distance showed greater correspondence with neural patterns in mROI than uROI. This was confirmed in two independent datasets, one involving single-word recognition, and the other focused on the meaning of noun-noun phrases by contrasting meaningful phrases > pseudowords. In all cases, areas of spatial overlap between mROI and uROI showed the greatest neural association. This suggests that ROIs defined in terms of multivariate reproducibility can help localize components of language such as semantics. The multivariate approach can also be extended to focus on other aspects of language such as phonology, and can be used along with the univariate approach for inclusively mapping language cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Graves
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Smith Hall, Room 301, 101 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
| | - Hillary J Levinson
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Smith Hall, Room 301, 101 Warren Street, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Ryan Staples
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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156
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Ronconi L, Cantiani C, Riva V, Franchin L, Bettoni R, Gori S, Bulf H, Valenza E, Facoetti A. Infants' reorienting efficiency depends on parental autistic traits and predicts future socio-communicative behaviors. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:40-49. [PMID: 38696607 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Attentional reorienting is dysfunctional not only in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but also in infants who will develop ASD, thus constituting a potential causal factor of future social interaction and communication abilities. Following the research domain criteria framework, we hypothesized that the presence of subclinical autistic traits in parents should lead to atypical infants' attentional reorienting, which in turn should impact on their future socio-communication behavior in toddlerhood. During an attentional cueing task, we measured the saccadic latencies in a large sample (total enrolled n = 89; final sample n = 71) of 8-month-old infants from the general population as a proxy for their stimulus-driven attention. Infants were grouped in a high parental traits (HPT; n = 23) or in a low parental traits (LPT; n = 48) group, according to the degree of autistic traits self-reported by their parents. Infants (n = 33) were then longitudinally followed to test their socio-communicative behaviors at 21 months. Results show a sluggish reorienting system, which was a longitudinal predictor of future socio-communicative skills at 21 months. Our combined transgenerational and longitudinal findings suggest that the early functionality of the stimulus-driven attentional network-redirecting attention from one event to another-could be directly connected to future social and communication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ronconi
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cantiani
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Via Don Luigi Monza, 20, 23842 Lecco, Italy
| | - Valentina Riva
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Via Don Luigi Monza, 20, 23842 Lecco, Italy
| | - Laura Franchin
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Corso Bettini, 84, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Roberta Bettoni
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Gori
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Piazzale Sant'Agostino, 2, 24129 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Herman Bulf
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Eloisa Valenza
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Via Venezia 8, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Facoetti
- Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of General Psychology, Via Venezia 8, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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157
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Voerman S, Broersen R, Swagemakers SMA, De Zeeuw CI, van der Spek PJ. Plasticity mechanisms of genetically distinct Purkinje cells. Bioessays 2024:e2400008. [PMID: 38697917 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite its uniform appearance, the cerebellar cortex is highly heterogeneous in terms of structure, genetics and physiology. Purkinje cells (PCs), the principal and sole output neurons of the cerebellar cortex, can be categorized into multiple populations that differentially express molecular markers and display distinctive physiological features. Such features include action potential rate, but also their propensity for synaptic and intrinsic plasticity. However, the precise molecular and genetic factors that correlate with the differential physiological properties of PCs remain elusive. In this article, we provide a detailed overview of the cellular mechanisms that regulate PC activity and plasticity. We further perform a pathway analysis to highlight how molecular characteristics of specific PC populations may influence their physiology and plasticity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Voerman
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Broersen
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sigrid M A Swagemakers
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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158
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Verpoort B, de Wit J. Cell Adhesion Molecule Signaling at the Synapse: Beyond the Scaffold. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041501. [PMID: 38316556 PMCID: PMC11065171 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Synapses are specialized intercellular junctions connecting pre- and postsynaptic neurons into functional neural circuits. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) constitute key players in synapse development that engage in homo- or heterophilic interactions across the synaptic cleft. Decades of research have identified numerous synaptic CAMs, mapped their trans-synaptic interactions, and determined their role in orchestrating synaptic connectivity. However, surprisingly little is known about the molecular mechanisms that translate trans-synaptic adhesion into the assembly of pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Here, we provide an overview of the intracellular signaling pathways that are engaged by synaptic CAMs and highlight outstanding issues to be addressed in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Verpoort
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris de Wit
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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159
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Abbondanza A, Urushadze A, Barboza ARA, Janickova H. Expression and function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in specific neuronal populations: focus on striatal and prefrontal circuits. Pharmacol Res 2024:107190. [PMID: 38704107 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in the central nervous system and play an important role in the control of neural functions including neuronal activity, transmitter release and synaptic plasticity. Although the common subtypes of nAChRs are abundantly expressed throughout the brain, their expression in different brain regions and by individual neuronal types is not homogeneous or incidental. In recent years, several studies have emerged showing that particular subtypes of nAChRs are expressed by specific neuronal populations in which they have major influence on the activity of local circuits and behavior. It has been demonstrated that even nAChRs expressed by relatively rare neuronal types can induce significant changes in behavior and contribute to pathological processes. Depending on the identity and connectivity of the particular nAChRs-expressing neuronal populations, the activation of nAChRs can have distinct or even opposing effects on local neuronal signaling. In this review, we will summarize the available literature describing the expression of individual nicotinic subunits by different neuronal types in two crucial brain regions, the striatum and the prefrontal cortex. The review will also briefly discuss nicotinic expression in non-neuronal, glial cells, as they cannot be ignored as potential targets of nAChRs-modulating drugs. The final section will discuss options that could allow us to target nAChRs in a neuronal-type-specific manner, not only in the experimental field, but also eventually in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Abbondanza
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Urushadze
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Amanda Rosanna Alves Barboza
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14200, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Janickova
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, 14200, Czech Republic.
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160
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Kong Y, Zhao C, Li D, Li B, Hu Y, Liu H, Woolgar A, Guo J, Song Y. Auditory change detection and visual selective attention: association between MMN and N2pc. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae175. [PMID: 38700440 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
While the auditory and visual systems each provide distinct information to our brain, they also work together to process and prioritize input to address ever-changing conditions. Previous studies highlighted the trade-off between auditory change detection and visual selective attention; however, the relationship between them is still unclear. Here, we recorded electroencephalography signals from 106 healthy adults in three experiments. Our findings revealed a positive correlation at the population level between the amplitudes of event-related potential indices associated with auditory change detection (mismatch negativity) and visual selective attention (posterior contralateral N2) when elicited in separate tasks. This correlation persisted even when participants performed a visual task while disregarding simultaneous auditory stimuli. Interestingly, as visual attention demand increased, participants whose posterior contralateral N2 amplitude increased the most exhibited the largest reduction in mismatch negativity, suggesting a within-subject trade-off between the two processes. Taken together, our results suggest an intimate relationship and potential shared mechanism between auditory change detection and visual selective attention. We liken this to a total capacity limit that varies between individuals, which could drive correlated individual differences in auditory change detection and visual selective attention, and also within-subject competition between the two, with task-based modulation of visual attention causing within-participant decrease in auditory change detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Chenguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, 18 Jinfeng Road, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bingkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Alexandra Woolgar
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Jialiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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161
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Hwang RD, Lu Y, Tang Q, Periz G, Park G, Li X, Xiang Q, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wang J. DBT is a metabolic switch for maintenance of proteostasis under proteasomal impairment. bioRxiv 2024:2023.09.12.556394. [PMID: 37745492 PMCID: PMC10515868 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.556394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Proteotoxic stress impairs cellular homeostasis and underlies the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The proteasomal and autophagic degradation of proteins are two major pathways for protein quality control in the cell. Here, we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen uncovering a major regulator of cytotoxicity resulting from the inhibition of the proteasome. Dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) was found to be a robust suppressor, the loss of which protects against proteasome inhibition-associated cell death through promoting clearance of ubiquitinated proteins. Loss of DBT altered the metabolic and energetic status of the cell and resulted in activation of autophagy in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent mechanism in the presence of proteasomal inhibition. Loss of DBT protected against proteotoxicity induced by ALS-linked mutant TDP-43 in Drosophila and mammalian neurons. DBT is upregulated in the tissues from ALS patients. These results demonstrate that DBT is a master switch in the metabolic control of protein quality control with implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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162
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Baizer JS. Neuroanatomy of autism: what is the role of the cerebellum? Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:94-103. [PMID: 38696597 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism (or autism spectrum disorder) was initially defined as a psychiatric disorder, with the likely cause maternal behavior (the very destructive "refrigerator mother" theory). It took several decades for research into brain mechanisms to become established. Both neuropathological and imaging studies found differences in the cerebellum in autism spectrum disorder, the most widely documented being a decreased density of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex. The popular interpretation of these results is that cerebellar neuropathology is a critical cause of autism spectrum disorder. We challenge that view by arguing that if fewer Purkinje cells are critical for autism spectrum disorder, then any condition that causes the loss of Purkinje cells should also cause autism spectrum disorder. We will review data on damage to the cerebellum from cerebellar lesions, tumors, and several syndromes (Joubert syndrome, Fragile X, and tuberous sclerosis). Collectively, these studies raise the question of whether the cerebellum really has a role in autism spectrum disorder. Autism spectrum disorder is now recognized as a genetically caused developmental disorder. A better understanding of the genes that underlie the differences in brain development that result in autism spectrum disorder is likely to show that these genes affect the development of the cerebellum in parallel with the development of the structures that do underlie autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan S Baizer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, 123 Sherman Hall, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
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163
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Lee FS, Nguyen UN, Munns EJ, Wachs RA. Identification of compounds that cause axonal dieback without cytotoxicity in dorsal root ganglia explants and intervertebral disc cells with potential to treat pain via denervation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300254. [PMID: 38696450 PMCID: PMC11065314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, and cancer patients suffer from chronic pain. Aberrant nerve growth into intervertebral disc, knee, and tumors, are common pathologies that lead to these chronic pain conditions. Axonal dieback induced by capsaicin (Caps) denervation has been FDA-approved to treat painful neuropathies and knee osteoarthritis but with short-term efficacy and discomfort. Herein, we propose to evaluate pyridoxine (Pyr), vincristine sulfate (Vcr) and ionomycin (Imy) as axonal dieback compounds for denervation with potential to alleviate pain. Previous literature suggests Pyr, Vcr, and Imy can cause undesired axonal degeneration, but no previous work has evaluated axonal dieback and cytotoxicity on adult rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants. Thus, we performed axonal dieback screening using adult rat DRG explants in vitro with Caps as a positive control and assessed cytotoxicity. Imy inhibited axonal outgrowth and slowed axonal dieback, while Pyr and Vcr at high concentrations produced significant reduction in axon length and robust axonal dieback within three days. DRGs treated with Caps, Vcr, or Imy had increased DRG cytotoxicity compared to matched controls, but overall cytotoxicity was minimal and at least 88% lower compared to lysed DRGs. Pyr did not lead to any DRG cytotoxicity. Further, neither Pyr nor Vcr triggered intervertebral disc cell death or affected cellular metabolic activity after three days of incubation in vitro. Overall, our findings suggest Pyr and Vcr are not toxic to DRGs and intervertebral disc cells, and there is potential for repurposing these compounds for axonal dieback compounds to cause local denervation and alleviate pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei San Lee
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska United States of America
| | - Uyen N. Nguyen
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska United States of America
| | - Eliza J. Munns
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Union College, Schenectady, New York, United States of America
| | - Rebecca A. Wachs
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska United States of America
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164
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Saurels BW, Peluso N, Taubert J. A behavioral advantage for the face pareidolia illusion in peripheral vision. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10040. [PMID: 38693189 PMCID: PMC11063176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigation of visual illusions helps us understand how we process visual information. For example, face pareidolia, the misperception of illusory faces in objects, could be used to understand how we process real faces. However, it remains unclear whether this illusion emerges from errors in face detection or from slower, cognitive processes. Here, our logic is straightforward; if examples of face pareidolia activate the mechanisms that rapidly detect faces in visual environments, then participants will look at objects more quickly when the objects also contain illusory faces. To test this hypothesis, we sampled continuous eye movements during a fast saccadic choice task-participants were required to select either faces or food items. During this task, pairs of stimuli were positioned close to the initial fixation point or further away, in the periphery. As expected, the participants were faster to look at face targets than food targets. Importantly, we also discovered an advantage for food items with illusory faces but, this advantage was limited to the peripheral condition. These findings are among the first to demonstrate that the face pareidolia illusion persists in the periphery and, thus, it is likely to be a consequence of erroneous face detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake W Saurels
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Natalie Peluso
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica Taubert
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
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165
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Delaney J, Nathani S, Tan V, Chavez C, Orr A, Paek J, Faraji M, Setlow B, Urs NM. Enhanced cognitive flexibility and phasic striatal dopamine dynamics in a mouse model of low striatal tonic dopamine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01868-5. [PMID: 38698264 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The catecholamine neuromodulators dopamine and norepinephrine are implicated in motor function, motivation, and cognition. Although roles for striatal dopamine in these aspects of behavior are well established, the specific roles for cortical catecholamines in regulating striatal dopamine dynamics and behavior are less clear. We recently showed that elevating cortical dopamine but not norepinephrine suppresses hyperactivity in dopamine transporter knockout (DAT-KO) mice, which have elevated striatal dopamine levels. In contrast, norepinephrine transporter knockout (NET-KO) mice have a phenotype distinct from DAT-KO mice, as they show elevated extracellular cortical catecholamines but reduced baseline striatal dopamine levels. Here we evaluated the consequences of altered catecholamine levels in NET-KO mice on cognitive flexibility and striatal dopamine dynamics. In a probabilistic reversal learning task, NET-KO mice showed enhanced reversal learning, which was consistent with larger phasic dopamine transients (dLight) in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) during reward delivery and reward omission, compared to WT controls. Selective depletion of dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) norepinephrine in WT mice did not alter performance on the reversal learning task but reduced nestlet shredding. Surprisingly, NET-KO mice did not show altered breakpoints in a progressive ratio task, suggesting intact food motivation. Collectively, these studies show novel roles of cortical catecholamines in the regulation of tonic and phasic striatal dopamine dynamics and cognitive flexibility, updating our current views on dopamine regulation and informing future therapeutic strategies to counter multiple psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Delaney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sanya Nathani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Victor Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Carson Chavez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Alexander Orr
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Joon Paek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mojdeh Faraji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Barry Setlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Nikhil M Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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166
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Zhang X, Cao Q, Gao K, Chen C, Cheng S, Li A, Zhou Y, Liu R, Hao J, Kropff E, Miao C. Multiplexed representation of others in the hippocampal CA1 subfield of female mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3702. [PMID: 38697969 PMCID: PMC11065873 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal place cells represent the position of a rodent within an environment. In addition, recent experiments show that the CA1 subfield of a passive observer also represents the position of a conspecific performing a spatial task. However, whether this representation is allocentric, egocentric or mixed is less clear. In this study we investigated the representation of others during free behavior and in a task where female mice learned to follow a conspecific for a reward. We found that most cells represent the position of others relative to self-position (social-vector cells) rather than to the environment, with a prevalence of purely egocentric coding modulated by context and mouse identity. Learning of a pursuit task improved the tuning of social-vector cells, but their number remained invariant. Collectively, our results suggest that the hippocampus flexibly codes the position of others in multiple coordinate systems, albeit favoring the self as a reference point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qichen Cao
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kai Gao
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Cong Chen
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Sihui Cheng
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ang Li
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuqian Zhou
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ruojin Liu
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jun Hao
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Emilio Kropff
- Leloir Institute/IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Chenglin Miao
- State key laboratory of Membrane biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China.
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking university, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, China.
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167
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Zeng C, Lu Y, Wei X, Sun L, Wei L, Ou S, Huang Q, Wu Y. Parvalbumin Regulates GAD Expression through Calcium Ion Concentration to Affect the Balance of Glu-GABA and Improve KA-Induced Status Epilepticus in PV-Cre Transgenic Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38696478 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: the study aimed to (i) use adeno-associated virus technology to modulate parvalbumin (PV) gene expression, both through overexpression and silencing, within the hippocampus of male mice and (ii) assess the impact of PV on the metabolic pathway of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Methods: a status epilepticus (SE) mouse model was established by injecting kainic acid into the hippocampus of transgenic mice. When the seizures of mice reached SE, the mice were killed at that time point and 30 min after the onset of SE. Hippocampal tissues were extracted and the mRNA and protein levels of PV and the 65 kDa (GAD65) and 67 kDa (GAD67) isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. The concentrations of glutamate and GABA were detected with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the intracellular calcium concentration was detected using flow cytometry. Results: we demonstrate that the expression of PV is associated with GAD65 and GAD67 and that PV regulates the levels of GAD65 and GAD67. PV was correlated with calcium concentration and GAD expression. Interestingly, PV overexpression resulted in a reduction in calcium ion concentration, upregulation of GAD65 and GAD67, elevation of GABA concentration, reduction in glutamate concentration, and an extension of seizure latency. Conversely, PV silencing induced the opposite effects. Conclusion: parvalbumin may affect the expression of GAD65 and GAD67 by regulating calcium ion concentration, thereby affecting the metabolic pathways associated with glutamate and GABA. In turn, this contributes to the regulation of seizure activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yuling Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lanfeng Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Sijie Ou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, #6 Shuangyong Road,Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Liebscher M, Dell’Orco A, Doll-Lee J, Buerger K, Dechent P, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Glanz W, Hetzer S, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Lüsebrink F, Munk M, Perneczky R, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Rauchmann B, Rostamzadeh A, Roy-Kluth N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth E, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Jessen F, Düzel E, Wagner M, Röske S, Wirth M. Short communication: Lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity in cognitive networks. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299939. [PMID: 38696395 PMCID: PMC11065262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in multimodal leisure activities, such as playing a musical instrument, may be protective against brain aging and dementia in older adults (OA). Potential neuroprotective correlates underlying musical activity remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the association between lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in three higher-order brain networks: the Default Mode, Fronto-Parietal, and Salience networks. METHODS We assessed 130 cognitively unimpaired participants (≥ 60 years) from the baseline cohort of the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. Lifetime musical activity was operationalized by the self-reported participation in musical instrument playing across early, middle, and late life stages using the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ). Participants who reported musical activity during all life stages (n = 65) were compared to controls who were matched on demographic and reserve characteristics (including education, intelligence, socioeconomic status, self-reported physical activity, age, and sex) and never played a musical instrument (n = 65) in local (seed-to-voxel) and global (within-network and between-network) RSFC patterns using pre-specified network seeds. RESULTS Older participants with lifetime musical activity showed significantly higher local RSFC between the medial prefrontal cortex (Default Mode Network seed) and temporal as well as frontal regions, namely the right temporal pole and the right precentral gyrus extending into the superior frontal gyrus, compared to matched controls. There were no significant group differences in global RSFC within or between the three networks. CONCLUSION We show that playing a musical instrument during life relates to higher RSFC of the medial prefrontal cortex with distant brain regions involved in higher-order cognitive and motor processes. Preserved or enhanced functional connectivity could potentially contribute to better brain health and resilience in OA with a history in musical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00007966, 04/05/2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxie Liebscher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Dell’Orco
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Doll-Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, MR-Research in Neurosciences, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falk Lüsebrink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy-Kluth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn H. Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
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Park Y, Zhang Y, Chang H, Menon V. Short-term number sense training recapitulates long-term neurodevelopmental changes from childhood to adolescence. Dev Sci 2024:e13524. [PMID: 38695515 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Number sense is fundamental to the development of numerical problem-solving skills. In early childhood, children establish associations between non-symbolic (e.g., a set of dots) and symbolic (e.g., Arabic numerals) representations of quantity. The developmental estrangement theory proposes that the relationship between non-symbolic and symbolic representations of quantity evolves with age, with increased dissociation across development. Consistent with this theory, recent research suggests that cross-format neural representational similarity (NRS) between non-symbolic and symbolic quantities is correlated with arithmetic fluency in children but not in adolescents. However, it is not known if short-term training (STT) can induce similar changes as long-term development. In this study, children aged 7-10 years underwent a theoretically motivated 4-week number sense training. Using multivariate neural pattern analysis, we investigated whether short-term learning could modify the relation between cross-format NRS and arithmetic skills. Our results revealed a significant correlation between cross-format NRS and arithmetic fluency in distributed brain regions, including the parietal and prefrontal cortices, prior to training. However, this association was no longer observed after training, and multivariate predictive models confirmed these findings. Our findings provide evidence that intensive STT during early childhood can promote behavioral improvements and neural plasticity that resemble and recapitulate long-term neurodevelopmental changes that occur from childhood to adolescence. More generally, our study contributes to our understanding of the malleability of number sense and highlights the potential for targeted interventions to shape neurodevelopmental trajectories in early childhood. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: We tested the hypothesis that short-term number sense training induces the dissociation of symbolic numbers from non-symbolic representations of quantity in children. We leveraged a theoretically motivated intervention and multivariate pattern analysis to determine training-induced neurocognitive changes in the relation between number sense and arithmetic problem-solving skills. Neural representational similarity between non-symbolic and symbolic quantity representations was correlated with arithmetic skills before training but not after training. Short-term training recapitulates long-term neurodevelopmental changes associated with numerical problem-solving from childhood to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Park
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hyesang Chang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Neuroscience Institute, Stanford, California, USA
- Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Hu Z, Liu R, Gao W, Li J, Wang H, Tang K. A Fully Automated Online Enrichment and Separation System for Highly Reproducible and In-Depth Analysis of Intact Glycopeptide. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38698557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
A fully automated online enrichment and separation system for intact glycopeptides, named AutoGP, was developed in this study by integrating three different columns in a nano-LC system. Specifically, the peptide mixture from the enzymatic digestion of a complex biological sample was first loaded on a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column. The nonglycopeptides in the sample were washed off the column, and the glycopeptides retained by the HILIC column were eluted to a C18 trap column to achieve an automated glycopeptide enrichment. The enriched glycopeptides were further eluted to a C18 column for separation, and the separated glycopeptides were eventually analyzed by using an orbitrap mass spectrometer (MS). The optimal operating conditions for AutoGP were systemically studied, and the performance of the fully optimized AutoGP was compared with a conventional manual system used for glycopeptide analysis. The experimental evaluation shows that the total number of glycopeptides identified is at least 1.5-fold higher, and the median coefficient of variation for the analyses is at least 50% lower by using AutoGP, as compared to the results acquired by using the manual system. In addition, AutoGP can perform effective analysis even with a 1-μg sample amount, while a 10-μg sample at least will be needed by the manual system, implying an order of magnitude better sensitivity of AutoGP. All the experimental results have consistently proven that AutoGP can be used for much better characterization of intact glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghan Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Rong Liu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Wenqing Gao
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Junhui Li
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Keqi Tang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Clinical Application, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- Zhenhai Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo 315211, PR China
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
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171
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Coronel-Oliveros C, Medel V, Orellana S, Rodiño J, Lehue F, Cruzat J, Tagliazucchi E, Brzezicka A, Orio P, Kowalczyk-Grębska N, Ibáñez A. Gaming expertise induces meso-scale brain plasticity and efficiency mechanisms as revealed by whole-brain modeling. Neuroimage 2024:120633. [PMID: 38704057 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Video games are a valuable tool for studying the effects of training and neural plasticity on the brain. However, the underlying mechanisms related to plasticity-associated brain structural changes and their impact on brain dynamics are unknown. Here, we used a semi-empirical whole-brain model to study structural neural plasticity mechanisms linked to video game expertise. We hypothesized that video game expertise is associated with neural plasticity-mediated changes in structural connectivity that manifest at the meso-scale level, resulting in a more segregated functional network topology. To test this hypothesis, we combined structural connectivity data of StarCraft II video game players (VGPs, n = 31) and non-players (NVGPs, n = 31), with generic fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project and computational models, to generate simulated fMRI recordings. Graph theory analysis on simulated data was performed during both resting-state conditions and external stimulation. VGPs' simulated functional connectivity was characterized by a meso-scale integration, with increased local connectivity in frontal, parietal, and occipital brain regions. The same analyses at the level of structural connectivity showed no differences between VGPs and NVGPs. Regions that increased their connectivity strength in VGPs are known to be involved in cognitive processes crucial for task performance such as attention, reasoning, and inference. In-silico stimulation suggested that differences in FC between VGPs and NVGPs emerge in noisy contexts, specifically when the noisy level of stimulation is increased. This indicates that the connectomes of VGPs may facilitate the filtering of noise from stimuli. These structural alterations drive the meso-scale functional changes observed in individuals with gaming expertise. Overall, our work sheds light on the mechanisms underlying structural neural plasticity triggered by video game experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Coronel-Oliveros
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago (Chile).; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), California US and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.; Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile)
| | - Vicente Medel
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago (Chile).; Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown NSW 2050 (Australia).; Department of Neuroscience, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago (Chile)
| | - Sebastián Orellana
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile)
| | - Julio Rodiño
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile).; Brain Dynamics Laboratory, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso (Chile)
| | - Fernando Lehue
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile)
| | - Josephine Cruzat
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago (Chile)
| | - Enzo Tagliazucchi
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago (Chile).; Buenos Aires Physics Institute and Physics Department, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires (Argentina)
| | - Aneta Brzezicka
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Chodakowska 19/31, 03-815 Warsaw (Poland)
| | - Patricio Orio
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile).; Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Gran Bretaña 1091, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso (Chile)..
| | - Natalia Kowalczyk-Grębska
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Chodakowska 19/31, 03-815 Warsaw (Poland)..
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolén, Santiago (Chile).; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), California US and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.; Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés & CONICET, Vito Dumas 284, Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina).; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Lloyd Building, Dublin 2 (Ireland)..
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172
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Kunze T, Dreßler C, Lauer C, Paul W, Sebastiani D. Reverse Mapping of Coarse Grained Polyglutamine Conformations from PRIME20 Sampling. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300521. [PMID: 38314956 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
An inverse coarse-graining protocol is presented for generating and validating atomistic structures of large (bio-) molecules from conformations obtained via a coarse-grained sampling method. Specifically, the protocol is implemented and tested based on the (coarse-grained) PRIME20 protein model (P20/SAMC), and the resulting all-atom conformations are simulated using conventional biomolecular force fields. The phase space sampling at the coarse-grained level is performed with a stochastical approximation Monte Carlo approach. The method is applied to a series of polypeptides, specifically dimers of polyglutamine with varying chain length in aqueous solution. The majority (>70 %) of the conformations obtained from the coarse-grained peptide model can successfully be mapped back to atomistic structures that remain conformationally stable during 10 ns of molecular dynamics simulations. This work can be seen as the first step towards the overarching goal of improving our understanding of protein aggregation phenomena through simulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kunze
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Christian Dreßler
- Institut für Physik, Ilmenau University of Technology, Weimarer Straße 32, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Christian Lauer
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Paul
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Sebastiani
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
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173
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Lin F, Li Y, Wang J, Jardines S, King R, Chrenek MA, Wiggs JL, Boatright JH, Geisert EE. POU6F2, a risk factor for glaucoma, myopia and dyslexia, labels specific populations of retinal ganglion cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10096. [PMID: 38698014 PMCID: PMC11066091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pou6f2 is a genetic connection between central corneal thickness (CCT) in the mouse and a risk factor for developing primary open-angle glaucoma. POU6F2 is also a risk factor for several conditions in humans, including glaucoma, myopia, and dyslexia. Recent findings demonstrate that POU6F2-positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) comprise a number of RGC subtypes in the mouse, some of which also co-stain for Cdh6 and Hoxd10. These POU6F2-positive RGCs appear to be novel of ON-OFF directionally selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) that do not co-stain with CART or SATB2 (typical ooDSGCs markers). These POU6F2-positive cells are sensitive to damage caused by elevated intraocular pressure. In the DBA/2J mouse glaucoma model, heavily-labeled POU6F2 RGCs decrease by 73% at 8 months of age compared to only 22% loss of total RGCs (labeled with RBPMS). Additionally, Pou6f2-/- mice suffer a significant loss of acuity and spatial contrast sensitivity along with an 11.4% loss of total RGCs. In the rhesus macaque retina, POU6F2 labels the large parasol ganglion cells that form the magnocellular (M) pathway. The association of POU6F2 with the M-pathway may reveal in part its role in human glaucoma, myopia, and dyslexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sandra Jardines
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Rebecca King
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Micah A Chrenek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Boatright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Administration Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Eldon E Geisert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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174
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Fatemi SH, Eschenlauer A, Aman J, Folsom TD, Chekouo T. Quantitative proteomics of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reveals an early pattern of synaptic dysmaturation in children with idiopathic autism. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:161-171. [PMID: 38696595 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder with a rising prevalence and unknown etiology presenting with deficits in cognition and abnormal behavior. We hypothesized that the investigation of the synaptic component of prefrontal cortex may provide proteomic signatures that may identify the biological underpinnings of cognitive deficits in childhood ASD. Subcellular fractions of synaptosomes from prefrontal cortices of age-, brain area-, and postmortem-interval-matched samples from children and adults with idiopathic ASD vs. controls were subjected to HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of data revealed the enrichment of ASD risk genes that participate in slow maturation of the postsynaptic density (PSD) structure and function during early brain development. Proteomic analysis revealed down regulation of PSD-related proteins including AMPA and NMDA receptors, GRM3, DLG4, olfactomedins, Shank1-3, Homer1, CaMK2α, NRXN1, NLGN2, Drebrin1, ARHGAP32, and Dock9 in children with autism (FDR-adjusted P < 0.05). In contrast, PSD-related alterations were less severe or unchanged in adult individuals with ASD. Network analyses revealed glutamate receptor abnormalities. Overall, the proteomic data support the concept that idiopathic autism is a synaptopathy involving PSD-related ASD risk genes. Interruption in evolutionarily conserved slow maturation of the PSD complex in prefrontal cortex may lead to the development of ASD in a susceptible individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hossein Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Arthur Eschenlauer
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, 599 Walter Library, 117 Pleasant Street, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Justin Aman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy D Folsom
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thierry Chekouo
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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175
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Diaz-Fong JP, Feusner JD. Visual Perceptual Processing Abnormalities in Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38691313 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phenomenological observations of individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), coupled with evidence from neuropsychological, psychophysical, and neuroimaging studies, support a model of aberrant visual perception characterized by deficient global/holistic, enhanced detail/local processing, and selective visual-attentional biases. These features may contribute to the core symptomatology of distorted perception of their appearance, in addition to misinterpretation of others' facial expressions and poor insight regarding their misperceived appearance defects. Insights from visual processing studies can contribute to the development of novel interventions, such as perceptual retraining and non-invasive neuromodulation. However, much remains to be understood about visual perception in BDD. Future research should leverage brain imaging modalities with high temporal resolutions and employ study designs that induce conflicts in multisensory integration, thereby advancing our mechanistic understanding of distorted visual perception observed in BDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel P Diaz-Fong
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jamie D Feusner
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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176
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Di Meo D, Kundu T, Ravindran P, Shah B, Püschel AW. Pip5k1γ regulates axon formation by limiting Rap1 activity. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302383. [PMID: 38438249 PMCID: PMC10912816 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
During their differentiation, neurons establish a highly polarized morphology by forming axons and dendrites. Cortical and hippocampal neurons initially extend several short neurites that all have the potential to become an axon. One of these neurites is then selected as the axon by a combination of positive and negative feedback signals that promote axon formation and prevent the remaining neurites from developing into axons. Here, we show that Pip5k1γ is required for the formation of a single axon as a negative feedback signal that regulates C3G and Rap1 through the generation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). Impairing the function of Pip5k1γ results in a hyper-activation of the Fyn/C3G/Rap1 pathway, which induces the formation of supernumerary axons. Application of a hyper-osmotic shock to modulate membrane tension has a similar effect, increasing Rap1 activity and inducing the formation of supernumerary axons. In both cases, the induction of supernumerary axons can be reverted by expressing constitutively active Pip5k. Our results show that PI(4,5)P2-dependent membrane properties limit the activity of C3G and Rap1 to ensure the extension of a single axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Di Meo
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Trisha Kundu
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Priyadarshini Ravindran
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bhavin Shah
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas W Püschel
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Institut für Integrative Zellbiologie und Physiologie, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- https://ror.org/00pd74e08 Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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177
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Samrani G, Persson J. Encoding-related Brain Activity Predicts Subsequent Trial-level Control of Proactive Interference in Working Memory. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:828-835. [PMID: 38261380 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Proactive interference (PI) appears when familiar information interferes with newly acquired information and is a major cause of forgetting in working memory. It has been proposed that encoding of item-context associations might help mitigate familiarity-based PI. Here, we investigate whether encoding-related brain activation could predict subsequent level of PI at retrieval using trial-specific parametric modulation. Participants were scanned with event-related fMRI while performing a 2-back working memory task with embedded 3-back lures designed to induce PI. We found that the ability to control interference in working memory was modulated by level of activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus, left hippocampus, and bilateral caudate nucleus during encoding. These results provide insight to the processes underlying control of PI in working memory and suggest that encoding of temporal context details support subsequent interference control.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Samrani
- Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University
- Umeå University
| | - Jonas Persson
- Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University
- Örebro University
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178
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Gaite JJ, Solé-Magdalena A, García-Mesa Y, Cuendias P, Martin-Cruces J, García-Suárez O, Cobo T, Vega JA, Martín-Biedma B. Immunolocalization of the mechanogated ion channels PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 in human and mouse dental pulp and periodontal ligament. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:1960-1968. [PMID: 37975162 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are essential components of mechanogated ion channels, which are required for mechanotransduction and biological processes associated with mechanical stimuli. There is evidence for the presence of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 in teeth and periodontal ligaments, especially in cell lines and mice, but human studies are almost nonexistent. Decalcified permanent human teeth and mouse molars were processed for immunohistochemical detection of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2. Confocal laser microscopy was used to examine the co-localization of PIEZO 1 and PIEZO2 with vimentin (a marker of differentiated odontoblasts) in human teeth. In the outer layer of the human dental pulp, abundant PIEZO1- and PIEZO2-positive cells were found that had no odontoblast morphology and were vimentin-negative. Based on their morphology, location, and the absence of vimentin positivity, they were identified as dental pulp stem cells or pre-odontoblasts. However, in mice, PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 were ubiquitously detected and colocalized in odontoblasts. Intense immunoreactivity of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 has been observed in human and murine periodontal ligaments. Our findings suggest that PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 may be mechanosensors/mechanotransducers in murine odontoblasts, as well as in the transmission of forces by the periodontal ligament in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Gaite
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Unidad Dental, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio Solé-Magdalena
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yolanda García-Mesa
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patricia Cuendias
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Martin-Cruces
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Olivia García-Suárez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Asturiano de Odontología, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José A Vega
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Martín-Biedma
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
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179
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Deng H, Gao Y, Mo L, Mo C. Concurrent attention to hetero-depth surfaces in 3-D visual space is governed by theta rhythm. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14494. [PMID: 38041416 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
When simultaneously confronted with multiple attentional targets, visual system employs a time-multiplexing approach in which each target alternates for prioritized access, a mechanism broadly known as rhythmic attentional sampling. For the past decade, rhythmic attentional sampling has received mounting support from converging behavioral and neural findings. However, so compelling are these findings that a critical test ground has been long overshadowed, namely the 3-D visual space where attention is complicated by extraction of the spatial layout of surfaces extending beyond 2-D planes. It remains unknown how attentional deployment to multiple targets is accomplished in the 3-D space. Here, we provided a time-resolved portrait of the behavioral and neural dynamics when participants concurrently attended to two surfaces defined by motion-depth conjunctions. To characterize the moment-to-moment attentional modulation effects, we measured perceptual sensitivity to the hetero-depth surface motions on a fine temporal scale and reconstructed their neural representations using a time-resolved multivariate inverted encoding model. We found that the perceptual sensitivity to the two surface motions rhythmically fluctuated over time at ~4 Hz, with one's enhancement closely tracked by the other's diminishment. Moreover, the behavioral pattern was coupled with an ongoing periodic alternation in strength between the two surface motion representations in the same frequency. Together, our findings provide the first converging evidence of an attentional "pendulum" that rhythmically traverses different stereoscopic depth planes and are indicative of a ubiquitous attentional time multiplexor based on theta rhythm in the 3-D visual space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Deng
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lei Mo
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ce Mo
- Department of Psychology, Sun-Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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180
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Narros-Fernández P, Chomanahalli Basavarajappa S, Walsh PT. Interleukin-1 family cytokines at the crossroads of microbiome regulation in barrier health and disease. FEBS J 2024; 291:1849-1869. [PMID: 37300849 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding how the microbiome can influence both the physiology and the pathogenesis of disease in humans have highlighted the importance of gaining a deeper insight into the complexities of the host-microbial dialogue. In tandem with this progress, has been a greater understanding of the biological pathways which regulate both homeostasis and inflammation at barrier tissue sites, such as the skin and the gut. In this regard, the Interleukin-1 family of cytokines, which can be segregated into IL-1, IL-18 and IL-36 subfamilies, have emerged as important custodians of barrier health and immunity. With established roles as orchestrators of various inflammatory diseases in both the skin and intestine, it is now becoming clear that IL-1 family cytokine activity is not only directly influenced by external microbes, but can also play important roles in shaping the composition of the microbiome at barrier sites. This review explores the current knowledge surrounding the evidence that places these cytokines as key mediators at the interface between the microbiome and human health and disease at the skin and intestinal barrier tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Narros-Fernández
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- National Children's Research Centre, CHI Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Shrikanth Chomanahalli Basavarajappa
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- National Children's Research Centre, CHI Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Patrick T Walsh
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- National Children's Research Centre, CHI Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
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181
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Ma J, Chen S, Liu J, Liao Y, Li L, Wang CC, Song S, Feng R, Hu H, Quan S. Cryptochrome 1 regulates ovarian granulosa cell senescence through NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 217:1-14. [PMID: 38522484 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Age-associated decreases in follicle number and oocyte quality result in a decline in female fertility, which is associated with increased infertility. Granulosa cells play a major role in oocyte development and maturation both in vivo and in vitro. However, it is unclear whether a reduction in cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) expression contributes to granulosa cell senescence, and further exploration is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of Cry1, a core component of the molecular circadian clock, in the regulation of senescence in ovarian granulosa cells. Western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that Cry1 expression was downregulated in aged human ovarian granulosa cells and was correlated with age and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. RNA-seq analysis suggested that ferritinophagy was increased after Cry1 knockdown in KGN cells. MDA, iron, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays were used to detect cellular ferritinophagy levels. Ferroptosis inhibitors, iron chelators, autophagy inhibitors, and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) knockdown alleviated KGN cell senescence induced by Cry1 knockdown. Immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and ubiquitination assays indicated that Cry1 affected NCOA4 ubiquitination and degradation through HERC2, thereby affecting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and causing granulosa cell senescence. KL201, a Cry1 stabilizer, enhanced ovarian function in naturally aged mice by reducing ferritinophagy. Our study reveals the potential mechanisms of action of Cry1 during ovarian aging and provides new insights for the clinical treatment of age-related fertility decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sixing Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixin Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lina Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sishi Song
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rixuan Feng
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyue Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Song Quan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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182
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Darcq E, Kieffer BL. Neuroscience and addiction research: current advances and perspectives. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:405-408. [PMID: 38492013 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Darcq
- Strasbourg Translational Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), INSERM UMR-S 1329, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Strasbourg Translational Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), INSERM UMR-S 1329, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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183
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Piekarz KM, Stolfi A. Development and circuitry of the tunicate larval Motor Ganglion, a putative hindbrain/spinal cord homolog. J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol 2024; 342:200-211. [PMID: 37675754 PMCID: PMC10918034 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The Motor Ganglion (MG) is a small collection of neurons that control the swimming movements of the tunicate tadpole larva. Situated at the base of the tail, molecular and functional comparisons suggest that may be a homolog of the spinal cord and/or hindbrain ("rhombospinal" region) of vertebrates. Here we review the most current knowledge of the development, connectivity, functions, and unique identities of the neurons that comprise the MG, drawn mostly from studies in Ciona spp. The simple cell lineages, minimal cellular composition, and comprehensively mapped "connectome" of the Ciona MG all make this an excellent model for studying the development and physiology of motor control in aquatic larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Stolfi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology
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184
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Browne CJ, Sheeba SR, Astill T, Baily A, Deblieck C, Mucci V, Cavaleri R. Assessing the synergistic effectiveness of intermittent theta burst stimulation and the vestibular ocular reflex rehabilitation protocol in the treatment of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. J Neurol 2024; 271:2615-2630. [PMID: 38345630 PMCID: PMC11055743 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mal de Debarquement Syndrome (MdDS) is a rare central vestibular disorder characterised by a constant sensation of motion (rocking, swaying, bobbing), which typically arises after motion experiences (e.g. sea, air, and road travel), though can be triggered by non-motion events. The current standard of care is non-specific medications and interventions that only result in mild-to-moderate improvements. The vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) rehabilitation protocol, a specialised form of rehabilitation, has shown promising results in reducing symptoms amongst people with MdDS. Accumulating evidence suggests that it may be possible to augment the effects of VOR rehabilitation via non-invasive brain stimulation protocols, such as theta burst stimulation (TBS). METHODS The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of intermittent TBS (iTBS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in enhancing the effectiveness of a subsequently delivered VOR rehabilitation protocol in people with MdDS. Participants were allocated randomly to receive either Sham (n = 10) or Active (n = 10) iTBS, followed by the VOR rehabilitation protocol. Subjective outcome measures (symptom ratings and mental health scores) were collected 1 week pre-treatment and for 16 weeks post-treatment. Posturography (objective outcome) was recorded each day of the treatment week. RESULTS Significant improvements in subjective and objective outcomes were reported across both treatment groups over time, but no between-group differences were observed. DISCUSSION These findings support the effectiveness of the VOR rehabilitation protocol in reducing MdDS symptoms. Further research into iTBS is required to elucidate whether the treatment has a role in the management of MdDS. TRN: ACTRN12619001519145 (Date registered: 04 November 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherylea J Browne
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Laboratory, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Western Sydney University, Translational Health and Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - S R Sheeba
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Laboratory, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T Astill
- Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Laboratory, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A Baily
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Deblieck
- Laboratory of Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace (LEIA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - V Mucci
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R Cavaleri
- Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Laboratory, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Western Sydney University, Translational Health and Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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185
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Emanuel E, Arifuzzaman M, Artis D. Epithelial-neuronal-immune cell interactions: Implications for immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis at mucosal sites. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1169-1180. [PMID: 38369030 PMCID: PMC11070312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The epithelial lining of the respiratory tract and intestine provides a critical physical barrier to protect host tissues against environmental insults, including dietary antigens, allergens, chemicals, and microorganisms. In addition, specialized epithelial cells communicate directly with hematopoietic and neuronal cells. These epithelial-immune and epithelial-neuronal interactions control host immune responses and have important implications for inflammatory conditions associated with defects in the epithelial barrier, including asthma, allergy, and inflammatory bowel diseases. In this review, we discuss emerging research that identifies the mechanisms and impact of epithelial-immune and epithelial-neuronal cross talk in regulating immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis at mucosal barrier surfaces. Understanding the regulation and impact of these pathways could provide new therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Emanuel
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
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186
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Ahlbrand R, Wilson A, Woller P, Sachdeva Y, Lai J, Davis N, Wiggins J, Sah R. Sex-specific threat responding and neuronal engagement in carbon dioxide associated fear and extinction: Noradrenergic involvement in female mice. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 30:100617. [PMID: 38433995 PMCID: PMC10907837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Difficulty in appropriately responding to threats is a key feature of psychiatric disorders, especially fear-related conditions such as panic disorder (PD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Most prior work on threat and fear regulation involves exposure to external threatful cues. However, fear can also be triggered by aversive, within-the-body, sensations. This interoceptive signaling of fear is highly relevant to PD and PTSD but is not well understood, especially in the context of sex. Using female and male mice, the current study investigated fear-associated spontaneous and conditioned behaviors to carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation, a potent interoceptive threat that induces fear and panic. We also investigated whether behavioral sensitivity to CO2 is associated with delayed PTSD-relevant behaviors. CO2 evoked heterogenous freezing behaviors in both male and female animals. However, active, rearing behavior was significantly reduced in CO2-exposed male but not female mice. Interestingly, behavioral sensitivity to CO2 was associated with compromised fear extinction, independent of sex. However, in comparison to CO2-exposed males, females elicited less freezing and higher rearing during extinction suggesting an engagement of active versus passive defensive coping. Persistent neuronal activation marker ΔFosB immuno-mapping revealed attenuated engagement of infralimbic-prefrontal areas in both sexes but higher activation of brain stem locus coeruleus (LC) area in females. Inter-regional co-activation mapping revealed sex-independent disruptions in the infralimbic-amygdala associations but altered LC associations only in CO2-exposed female mice. Lastly, dopamine β hydroxylase positive (DβH + ve) noradrenergic neuronal cell counts in the LC correlated with freezing and rearing behaviors during CO2 inhalation and extinction only in female but not male mice. Collectively, these data provide evidence for higher active defensive responding to interoceptive threat CO2-associated fear in females that may stem from increased recruitment of the brainstem noradrenergic system. Our findings reveal distinct contributory mechanisms that may promote sex differences in fear and panic associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ahlbrand
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Allison Wilson
- Neuroscience Undergraduate Program, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Patrick Woller
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Yuv Sachdeva
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Jayden Lai
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Nikki Davis
- Neuroscience Undergraduate Program, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - James Wiggins
- Neuroscience Undergraduate Program, University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Renu Sah
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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187
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Mercier O, Quilichini PP, Magalon K, Gil F, Ghestem A, Richard F, Boudier T, Cayre M, Durbec P. Transient demyelination causes long-term cognitive impairment, myelin alteration and network synchrony defects. Glia 2024; 72:960-981. [PMID: 38363046 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In the adult brain, activity-dependent myelin plasticity is required for proper learning and memory consolidation. Myelin loss, alteration, or even subtle structural modifications can therefore compromise the network activity, leading to functional impairment. In multiple sclerosis, spontaneous myelin repair process is possible, but it is heterogeneous among patients, sometimes leading to functional recovery, often more visible at the motor level than at the cognitive level. In cuprizone-treated mouse model, massive brain demyelination is followed by spontaneous and robust remyelination. However, reformed myelin, although functional, may not exhibit the same morphological characteristics as developmental myelin, which can have an impact on the activity of neural networks. In this context, we used the cuprizone-treated mouse model to analyze the structural, functional, and cognitive long-term effects of transient demyelination. Our results show that an episode of demyelination induces despite remyelination long-term cognitive impairment, such as deficits in spatial working memory, social memory, cognitive flexibility, and hyperactivity. These deficits were associated with a reduction in myelin content in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HPC), as well as structural myelin modifications, suggesting that the remyelination process may be imperfect in these structures. In vivo electrophysiological recordings showed that the demyelination episode altered the synchronization of HPC-mPFC activity, which is crucial for memory processes. Altogether, our data indicate that the myelin repair process following transient demyelination does not allow the complete recovery of the initial myelin properties in cortical structures. These subtle modifications alter network features, leading to prolonged cognitive deficits in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Mercier
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale P Quilichini
- U1106 after INS, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Magalon
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Florian Gil
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Ghestem
- U1106 after INS, Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Richard
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Boudier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Myriam Cayre
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Durbec
- UMR7288 after IBDM, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IBDM, Marseille, France
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188
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Nuerbahati A, Liao J, Lyu J, Abduwali S, Chiang LY. An actively stabilized, miniaturized epi-fluorescence widefield microscope for real-time observation in vivo. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1044-1051. [PMID: 38217330 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Recent developments in real-time, in vivo micro-imaging have allowed for the visualization of tissue pathological changes, facilitating rapid diagnosis. However, miniaturization, magnification, the field of view, and in vivo image stabilization remain challenging factors to reconcile. A key issue for this technology is ensuring it is user friendly for surgeons, enabling them to use the device manually and obtain instantaneous information necessary for surgical decision-making. This descriptive study introduces a handheld, actively stabilized, miniaturized epi-fluorescence widefield microscope (MEW-M) for real-time observation in vivo with high resolution. The methodology of MEW-M system includes high resolution microscopy miniaturization technology, thousandfold shaking suppression (actively stabilized), ultra-photosensitivity, and tailored image signal processing cell image capture and processing technology, which support for the excellent real-time imaging performance of MEW-M system in brain, mammary, liver, lung, and kidney tissue imaging of rats in vivo. With a single-objective and high-frame-rate imaging, the MEW-M system facilitates roving image acquisition, enabling contiguous analysis of large tissue areas. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: A handheld, actively stabilized MEW-M system was introduced. Excellent real-time, in vivo imaging with high resolution and active stabilization in brain, mammary, liver, lung, and kidney tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiasheng Liao
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
| | - Jing Lyu
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
| | - Serk Abduwali
- Dendrite Precision Medical Ltd, Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel
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189
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Wang J, Behl T, Rana T, Sehgal A, Wal P, Saxena B, Yadav S, Mohan S, Anwer MK, Chigurupati S, Zaheer I, Shen B, Singla RK. Exploring the pathophysiological influence of heme oxygenase-1 on neuroinflammation and depression: A study of phytotherapeutic-based modulation. Phytomedicine 2024; 127:155466. [PMID: 38461764 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heme oxygenase (HO) system plays a significant role in neuroprotection and reduction of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The system, via isoforms HO-1 and HO-2, regulates cellular redox balance. HO-1, an antioxidant defense enzyme, is highlighted due to its association with depression, characterized by heightened neuroinflammation and impaired oxidative stress responses. METHODOLOGY We observed the pathophysiology of HO-1 and phytochemicals as its modulator. We explored Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed for a comprehensive literature review. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis were done using VOSviewer. RESULTS Several phytochemicals can potentially alleviate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress-induced depressive symptoms. These effects result from inhibiting the MAPK and NK-κB pathways - both implicated in the overproduction of pro-inflammatory factors - and from the upregulation of HO-1 expression mediated by Nrf2. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis further validates these associations. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings suggest that antidepressant agents can mitigate neuroinflammation and depressive disorder pathogenesis via the upregulation of HO-1 expression. These agents suppress pro-inflammatory mediators and depressive-like symptoms, demonstrating that HO-1 plays a significant role in the neuroinflammatory process and the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Tarapati Rana
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140401, Punjab, India; Government Pharmacy College, Seraj-175123, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar-141104, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Pharmacy, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhagawati Saxena
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad, 382481, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj-11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah-51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai-602105, India
| | - Imran Zaheer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi, 11961, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bairong Shen
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rajeev K Singla
- Joint Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence for Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India.
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190
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Tandon S, Aggarwal P, Sarkar S. Polyglutamine disorders: Pathogenesis and potential drug interventions. Life Sci 2024; 344:122562. [PMID: 38492921 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyglutamine/poly(Q) diseases are a group nine hereditary neurodegenerative disorders caused due to abnormally expanded stretches of CAG trinucleotide in functionally distinct genes. All human poly(Q) diseases are characterized by the formation of microscopically discernable poly(Q) positive aggregates, the inclusion bodies. These toxic inclusion bodies are responsible for the impairment of several cellular pathways such as autophagy, transcription, cell death, etc., that culminate in disease manifestation. Although, these diseases remain largely without treatment, extensive research has generated mounting evidences that various events of poly(Q) pathogenesis can be developed as potential drug targets. The present review article briefly discusses the key events of disease pathogenesis, model system-based investigations that support the development of effective therapeutic interventions against pathogenesis of human poly(Q) disorders, and a comprehensive list of pharmacological and bioactive compounds that have been experimentally shown to alleviate poly(Q)-mediated neurotoxicity. Interestingly, due to the common cause of pathogenesis, all poly(Q) diseases share etiology, thus, findings from one disease can be potentially extrapolated to other poly(Q) diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Tandon
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Prerna Aggarwal
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Surajit Sarkar
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
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191
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da Silva GB, de Carvalho Braga G, Simões JLB, Kempka AP, Bagatini MD. Cytokine storm in human monkeypox: A possible involvement of purinergic signaling. Cytokine 2024; 177:156560. [PMID: 38447385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Some evidence has indicated that monkeypox can induce a cytokine storm. Purinergic signaling is a cell pathway related to the cytokine storm. However, the precise mechanisms that lead to cytokine storms in monkeypox infections and the possible involvement of purinergic signaling in the immune response to this virus remain unknown. In this review article, we aimed to highlight a body of scientific evidence that consolidates the role of the cytokine storm in monkeypox infection and proposes a new hypothesis regarding the roles of purinergic signaling in this immune-mediated mechanism. We further suggested some purinergic signaling modulators to mitigate the deleterious and aggravating effects of immune dysregulation in human monkeypox virus infection by inhibiting P2X3, P2X7, P2Y2, and P2Y12, reducing inflammation, and activating A1 and A2A receptors to promote an anti-inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilnei Bruno da Silva
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Aniela Pinto Kempka
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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192
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Xie M, Han M, Liu Z, Li X, Guo C. Effects of congruent emotional contexts during encoding on recognition: An ERPs study. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14516. [PMID: 38214362 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Past research showed that emotional contexts can impair recognition memory for the target item. Given that item-context congruity may enhance recognition memory, the present study aims to examine the effect of the congruent emotional encoding contexts on recognition memory. Participants studied congruent word-picture pairs (e.g., the word "cow" - a picture describing a cow) and incongruent word-picture pairs (e.g., the word "cow" - a picture describing a goat) and, subsequently, were asked to report the nature of the picture (emotional or neutral). Behavioral results revealed that emotional contexts impaired source but not item recognition, with congruent word-context mitigating this impairment and enhancing item recognition. Neural results from ERPs and theta oscillations found the recollection process, as shown by the LPC old/new effect and theta oscillations, for both item and source recognition across emotional contexts, irrespective of congruity. Meanwhile, the familiarity process as indexed by the FN400 old/new effect was found only for item recognition in congruent emotional contexts. These findings suggest that the congruent relationship of item-context could mitigate the emotion-induced source memory impairment and enhance item memory, with neural results elucidating the memory processes involved in retrieval of emotional information. Specifically, while emotion-related information generally elicits the recollection-based memory process, only congruent emotional information elicits the familiarity-based process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Han
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zejun Liu
- Department of Psychology, Educational College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Li
- Psychological and Brain Science Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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193
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Biazus Soares G, Mahmoud O, Yosipovitch G, Mochizuki H. The mind-skin connection: A narrative review exploring the link between inflammatory skin diseases and psychological stress. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:821-834. [PMID: 38311707 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory skin diseases are known to negatively impact patient psychology, with individuals experiencing higher rates of stress and subsequent diminished quality of life, as well as mental health issues including anxiety and depression. Moreover, increased psychological stress has been found to exacerbate existing inflammatory skin diseases. The association between inflammatory skin diseases and psychological stress is a timely topic, and a framework to better understand the relationship between the two that integrates available literature is needed. In this narrative review article, we discuss potential neurobiological mechanisms behind psychological stress due to inflammatory skin diseases, focusing mainly on proinflammatory cytokines in the circulating system (the brain-gut-skin communications) and the default mode network in the brain. We also discuss potential descending pathways from the brain that lead to aggravation of inflammatory skin diseases due to psychological stress, including the central and peripheral hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes, peripheral nerves and the skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biazus Soares
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - O Mahmoud
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - G Yosipovitch
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - H Mochizuki
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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194
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Kershner JR. Early life stress, literacy and dyslexia: an evolutionary perspective. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:809-822. [PMID: 38436668 PMCID: PMC11003919 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Stress and learning co-evolved in parallel, with their interdependence critical to the survival of the species. Even today, the regulation of moderate levels of stress by the central autonomic network (CAN), especially during pre- and post-natal periods, facilitates biological adaptability and is an essential precursor for the cognitive requisites of learning to read. Reading is a remarkable evolutionary achievement of the human brain, mysteriously unusual, because it is not pre-wired with a genetic address to facilitate its acquisition. There is no gene for reading. The review suggests that reading co-opts a brain circuit centered in the left hemisphere ventral occipital cortex that evolved as a domain-general visual processor. Its adoption by reading depends on the CAN's coordination of the learning and emotional requirements of learning to read at the metabolic, cellular, synaptic, and network levels. By stabilizing a child's self-control and modulating the attention network's inhibitory controls over the reading circuit, the CAN plays a key role in school readiness and learning to read. In addition, the review revealed two beneficial CAN evolutionary adjustments to early-life stress "overloads" that come with incidental costs of school under-performance and dyslexia. A short-term adaptation involving methylation of the FKBP5 and NR3C1 genes is a liability for academic achievement in primary school. The adaptation leading to dyslexia induces alterations in BDNF trafficking, promoting long-term adaptive fitness by protecting against excessive glucocorticoid toxicity but risks reading difficulties by disruptive signaling from the CAN to the attention networks and the reading circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Kershner
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Resources, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada.
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195
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Chandio Y, Interrante V, Anwar FM. Human Factors at Play: Understanding the Impact of Conditioning on Presence and Reaction Time in Mixed Reality. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2024; 30:2400-2410. [PMID: 38437088 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2024.3372120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A prerequisite to improving the presence of a user in mixed reality (MR) is the ability to measure and quantify presence. Traditionally, subjective questionnaires have been used to assess the level of presence. However, recent studies have shown that presence is correlated with objective and systemic human performance measures such as reaction time. These studies analyze the correlation between presence and reaction time when technical factors such as object realism and plausibility of the object's behavior change. However, additional psychological and physiological human factors can also impact presence. It is unclear if presence can be mapped to and correlated with reaction time when human factors such as conditioning are involved. To answer this question, we conducted an exploratory study ($N=60$) where the relationship between presence and reaction time was assessed under three different conditioning scenarios: control, positive, and negative. We demonstrated that human factors impact presence. We found that presence scores and reaction times are significantly correlated (correlation coefficient of -0.64), suggesting that the impact of human factors on reaction time correlates with its effect on presence. In demonstrating that, our study takes another important step toward using objective and systemic measures like reaction time as a presence measure.
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196
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Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Ranjan Dhara S, Baildya N, Ghosh K. Naphthalimide-based new architecture for fluorescence turn-on sensing of Cu 2+ and colorimetric detection of F -/CN . Methods 2024; 225:13-19. [PMID: 38438060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A new molecular structure 1 has been developed on naphthalimide motif. The amine and triazole binding groups have been employed at the 4-position of naphthalimide to explore the sensing behavior of molecule 1. Single crystal x-ray diffraction and other spectroscopic techniques confirm the identity of 1. Compound 1 exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity for Cu2+ ions in CH3CN. The binding of Cu2+ shows ∼ 70-fold enhancement in emission at 520 nm. The binding follows 1:1 interaction and the detection limit is determined to be 6.49 × 10-7 M. The amine-triazole binding site in 1 also corroborates the detection of F- through a colour change in CH3CN. Initially H-bonding and then deprotonation of amine -NH- in the presence of F- are the sequential steps involved in F- recognition with a detection limit of 4.13 × 10-7 M. Compound 1 is also sensible to CN- like F- ion and they are distinguished by Fe3+ ion. Cu2+-ensemble of 1 fluorimetrically recognizes F- among the tested anions and vice-versa. The collaborative effect of amine and triazole motifs in the binding of both Cu2+ and F-/CN- has been explained by DFT calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | - Subhasis Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | | | - Nabajyoti Baildya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | - Kumaresh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India.
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197
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van Ravestyn C, Gerardin E, Térémetz M, Hamdoun S, Baron JC, Calvet D, Vandermeeren Y, Turc G, Maier MA, Rosso C, Mas JL, Dupin L, Lindberg PG. Post-Stroke Impairments of Manual Dexterity and Finger Proprioception: Their Contribution to Upper Limb Activity Capacity. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2024; 38:373-385. [PMID: 38572686 DOI: 10.1177/15459683241245416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowing how impaired manual dexterity and finger proprioception affect upper limb activity capacity is important for delineating targeted post-stroke interventions for upper limb recovery. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether impaired manual dexterity and finger proprioception explain variance in post-stroke activity capacity, and whether they explain more variance than conventional clinical assessments of upper limb sensorimotor impairments. METHODS Activity capacity and hand sensorimotor impairments were assessed using clinical measures in N = 42 late subacute/chronic hemiparetic stroke patients. Dexterity was evaluated using the Dextrain Manipulandum to quantify accuracy of visuomotor finger force-tracking (N = 36), timing of rhythmic tapping (N = 36), and finger individuation (N = 24), as well as proprioception (N = 27). Stepwise multivariate and hierarchical linear regression models were used to identify impairments best explaining activity capacity. RESULTS Dexterity and proprioceptive components significantly increased the variance explained in activity capacity: (i) Box and Block Test was best explained by baseline tonic force during force-tracking and tapping frequency (adjusted R2 = .51); (ii) Motor Activity Log was best explained by success rate in finger individuation (adjusted R2 = .46); (iii) Action Research Arm Test was best explained by release of finger force and proprioceptive measures (improved reaction time related to use of proprioception; adjusted R2 = .52); and (iv) Moberg Pick-Up test was best explained by proprioceptive function (adjusted R2 = .18). Models excluding dexterity and proprioception variables explained up to 19% less variance. CONCLUSIONS Manual dexterity and finger proprioception explain unique variance in activity capacity not captured by conventional impairment measures and should be assessed when considering the underlying causes of post-stroke activity capacity limitations.URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03934073.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie van Ravestyn
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, CHU UCL Namur, UCLouvain, Yvoir, Belgium
- NEUR Division, Institute of NeuroScience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eloïse Gerardin
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, CHU UCL Namur, UCLouvain, Yvoir, Belgium
- NEUR Division, Institute of NeuroScience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Térémetz
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1226, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Sonia Hamdoun
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Baron
- GHU-Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, FHU NeuroVasc, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - David Calvet
- GHU-Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, FHU NeuroVasc, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Yves Vandermeeren
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit, CHU UCL Namur, UCLouvain, Yvoir, Belgium
- NEUR Division, Institute of NeuroScience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Turc
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1226, F-75014 Paris, France
- GHU-Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, FHU NeuroVasc, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Marc A Maier
- Université Paris Cité, INCC UMR 8002, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Rosso
- Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mas
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1226, F-75014 Paris, France
- GHU-Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, FHU NeuroVasc, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Lucile Dupin
- Université Paris Cité, INCC UMR 8002, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Påvel G Lindberg
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1226, F-75014 Paris, France
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198
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Wehrli JM, Xia Y, Abivardi A, Kleim B, Bach DR. The impact of doxycycline on human contextual fear memory. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1065-1077. [PMID: 38334789 PMCID: PMC11031495 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous work identified an attenuating effect of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor doxycycline on fear memory consolidation. This may present a new mechanistic approach for the prevention of trauma-related disorders. However, so far, this has only been unambiguously demonstrated in a cued delay fear conditioning paradigm, in which a simple geometric cue predicted a temporally overlapping aversive outcome. This form of learning is mainly amygdala dependent. Psychological trauma often involves the encoding of contextual cues, which putatively necessitates partly different neural circuits including the hippocampus. The role of MMP signalling in the underlying neural pathways in humans is unknown. METHODS Here, we investigated the effect of doxycycline on configural fear conditioning in a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial with 100 (50 females) healthy human participants. RESULTS Our results show that participants successfully learned and retained, after 1 week, the context-shock association in both groups. We find no group difference in fear memory retention in either of our pre-registered outcome measures, startle eye-blink responses and pupil dilation. Contrary to expectations, we identified elevated fear-potentiated startle in the doxycycline group early in the recall test, compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that doxycycline does not substantially attenuate contextual fear memory. This might limit its potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Wehrli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yanfang Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aslan Abivardi
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, FMRIB Building, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Birgit Kleim
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik R Bach
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, Russell Square House, 10-12 Russell Square, London, WC1B 5EH, UK.
- Hertz Chair for Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, Transdisciplinary Research Area Life & Health , University of Bonn, Am Probsthof 49, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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199
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Hameed R, Naseer A, Saxena A, Akbar M, Toppo P, Sarkar A, Shukla SK, Nazir A. Functional implications of NHR-210 enrichment in C. elegans cephalic sheath glia: insights into metabolic and mitochondrial disruptions in Parkinson's disease models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:202. [PMID: 38691171 PMCID: PMC11063106 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Glial cells constitute nearly half of the mammalian nervous system's cellular composition. The glia in C. elegans perform majority of tasks comparable to those conducted by their mammalian equivalents. The cephalic sheath (CEPsh) glia, which are known to be the counterparts of mammalian astrocytes, are enriched with two nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs)-NHR-210 and NHR-231. This unique enrichment makes the CEPsh glia and these NHRs intriguing subjects of study concerning neuronal health. We endeavored to assess the role of these NHRs in neurodegenerative diseases and related functional processes, using transgenic C. elegans expressing human alpha-synuclein. We employed RNAi-mediated silencing, followed by behavioural, functional, and metabolic profiling in relation to suppression of NHR-210 and 231. Our findings revealed that depleting nhr-210 changes dopamine-associated behaviour and mitochondrial function in human alpha synuclein-expressing strains NL5901 and UA44, through a putative target, pgp-9, a transmembrane transporter. Considering the alteration in mitochondrial function and the involvement of a transmembrane transporter, we performed metabolomics study via HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Remarkably, substantial modifications in ATP, betaine, lactate, and glycine levels were seen upon the absence of nhr-210. We also detected considerable changes in metabolic pathways such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; as well as glyoxalate and dicarboxylate metabolism. In conclusion, the deficiency of the nuclear hormone receptor nhr-210 in alpha-synuclein expressing strain of C. elegans, results in altered mitochondrial function, coupled with alterations in vital metabolite levels. These findings underline the functional and physiological importance of nhr-210 enrichment in CEPsh glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohil Hameed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anam Naseer
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ankit Saxena
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mahmood Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pranoy Toppo
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arunabh Sarkar
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Sanjeev K Shukla
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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200
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Herkströter F, Zahedi A, Standke I, Dannlowski U, Lencer R, Schubotz RI, Trempler I. Gray matter matters: Cognitive stability and flexibility in schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Psychophysiology 2024:e14596. [PMID: 38691383 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction constitutes a core characteristic of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SZ). Specifically, deficits in updating generative models (i.e., cognitive flexibility) and shielding against distractions (i.e., cognitive stability) are considered critical contributors to cognitive impairment in these patients. Here, we examined the structural integrity of frontostriatal networks and their associations with reduced cognitive stability and flexibility in SZ patients. In a sample of 21 patients diagnosed with SZ and 22 healthy controls, we measured gray matter volume (GMV) using structural MRI. Further, cognitive stability and flexibility were assessed using a switch-drift paradigm, quantifying the successful ignoring of distracters and detection of rule switches. Compared to controls, patients showed significantly smaller GMV in the whole brain and three predefined regions of interest: the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and caudate nucleus (CN). Notably, GMV in these areas positively correlated with correct rule-switch detection but not with ignoring rule-compatible drifts. Further, the volumetric differences between SZ patients and controls were statistically explainable by considering the behavioral performance in the switch-drift task. Our results indicate that morphological abnormalities in frontostriatal networks are associated with deficient flexibility in SZ patients and highlight the necessity of minimizing neurodevelopmental and progressive brain atrophy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentine Herkströter
- Department of Neurology, Niels-Stensen-Kliniken, Marienhospital Osnabrück-Standort Natruper Holz, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Anoushiravan Zahedi
- Institute of Psychology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Otto Creutzfeldt-Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Isabel Standke
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute of Psychology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Rebekka Lencer
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ricarda I Schubotz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Otto Creutzfeldt-Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ima Trempler
- Institute of Psychology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Otto Creutzfeldt-Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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