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Vidavalur R, Bhutani VK. Managing the Historic Burden of Kernicterus Mortality in India. Indian J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12098-024-05227-6. [PMID: 39167302 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Prevention of neonatal bilirubin injury exemplifies success of systems approach to avert adverse neonatal and childhood outcomes that rely on strategies including prenatal identification of Rhesus sensitization, universal maternal blood typing, risk assessment for neonatal extreme hyperbilirubinemia (EHB), unfettered access to safe, effective phototherapy, and application of patient safety principles. India's diverse landscape suggests varied real-time experiences of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and consequent infant mortality rates (IMR). Utilizing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, the authors examined national and subnational trends, infant mortality timing, and the disease burden from hemolytic and perinatal jaundice over 30 y (1999 to 2019). They also assessed the correlation of EHB-IMR with socio-demographic index and health expenditure per capita, estimating economic losses from EHB-related infant mortality to guide policy decisions at national and state domains. From 1990 to 2019, India delivered 811,078,415 livebirths of which, 1,189,856 infant deaths were due to EHB. EHB-related deaths decreased from 57,773 in 1990 to 19,664 in 2019, a 60% reduction vs. 40% in overall IMR. Early (0-6 d), late (7-27 d), and post-neonatal (28-364 d) deaths accounted for 61%, 34%, and 5% of mortality, respectively. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar contributed to 38% of all EHB deaths. Economic analysis estimate losses between US $7.2 and 11.7 billion for the year 2019 secondary to EHB-related mortality. The present analysis reveals consistent declines across all states to reach current EHB-IMR of 0.8 per 1,000 live-births in India by 2019. Significant economic impact of lost human productivity highlight ongoing need for targeted life-saving public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Vidavalur
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Cayuga Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medicine, 101 Dates Drive, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.
| | - Vinod K Bhutani
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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152
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Sallinen RH, Honkila M, Pokka T, Paalanne N, Halt K, Renko M, Kajantie E, Ruuska TS. A Finnish nationwide register-based study shows a further 50% decline in already low child mortality. Acta Paediatr 2024. [PMID: 39166655 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Child mortality declined significantly in Finland in 1969-2004. We investigated whether the already low mortality rate could still decline from 2005 to 2020. METHODS This was a nationwide register-based study. The subjects were children under 16 years of age who had resided in Finland between 2005 and 2020. The study population was identified from Finland's Population Information System of the Digital and Population Data Services Agency. Causes of death were obtained from Statistics Finland. Changes in annual overall and cause-specific mortality rates were evaluated. RESULTS 3685 children (55% boys) under 16 years of age died in Finland in 2005-2020 from 325 causes. Overall annual child mortality declined by 50% (95% confidence interval 37 to 64%) during the study period, from 0.31/1000 in 2005 to 0.16/1000 in 2020. The mortality rate in children under one year of age declined from 3.1/1000 in 2005 to 1.8/1000 in 2020. The deaths from sudden infant death syndrome fell by 84%, congenital malformations by 62%, infectious diseases by 60%, external causes by 52%, and perinatal disorders by 41%. CONCLUSION Finland's low child mortality further declined over the past two decades. Contributing factors likely include achievements in paediatric research, public health, and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka H Sallinen
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Honkila
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tytti Pokka
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Service Unit, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Paalanne
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kimmo Halt
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo Renko
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terhi S Ruuska
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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153
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Nyame P, Togami A, Yoshida T, Masunaga T, Begum MM, Terasawa H, Monde N, Tahara Y, Tanaka R, Tanaka Y, Appiah-Kubi J, Amesimeku WO, Hossain MJ, Otsuka M, Yoshimura K, Ikeda T, Sawa T, Satou Y, Fujita M, Maeda Y, Tateishi H, Monde K. A heterocyclic compound inhibits viral release by inducing cell surface BST2/Tetherin/CD317/HM1.24. J Biol Chem 2024:107701. [PMID: 39173946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly improved the quality of life of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. Nonetheless, the ever-present desire to seek out a full remedy for HIV-1 infections makes the discovery of novel antiviral medication compelling. Owing to this, a new late-stage inhibitor, Lenacapavir/Sunlenca, an HIV multi-phase suppressor, was clinically authorized in 2022. Besides unveiling cutting-edge antivirals inhibiting late-stage proteins or processes, newer therapeutics targeting host restriction factors hold promise for the curative care of HIV-1 infections. Notwithstanding, bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST2)/Tetherin/CD317/HM1.24, which entraps progeny virions is an appealing HIV-1 therapeutic candidate. In this study, a novel drug screening system was established, using the Jurkat/Vpr-HiBiT T cells, to identify drugs that could obstruct HIV-1 release; the candidate compounds were selected from the Ono Pharmaceutical compound library. Jurkat T cells expressing Vpr-HiBiT were infected with NL4-3, and the amount of virus release was quantified indirectly by the amount of Vpr-HiBiT incorporated into the progeny virions. Subsequently, the candidate compounds that suppressed viral release were used to synthesize the heterocyclic compound, HT-7, which reduces HIV-1 release with less cellular toxicity. Notably, HT-7 increased cell surface BST2 coupled with HIV-1 release reduction in Jurkat cells but not Jurkat/KO-BST2 cells. Seemingly, HT-7 impeded simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) release. Concisely, these results suggest that the reduction in viral release, following HT-7 treatment, resulted from the modulation of cell surface expression of BST2 by HT-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perpetual Nyame
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akihiro Togami
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Yoshida
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takuya Masunaga
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Mst Monira Begum
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hiromi Terasawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Nami Monde
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yurika Tahara
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Reiko Tanaka
- Laboratory of Hemato-Immunology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Hemato-Immunology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan
| | - Joyce Appiah-Kubi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Wright Ofotsu Amesimeku
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Md Jakir Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | | | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yorifumi Satou
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yosuke Maeda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Department of Nursing, Kibi International University, Takahashi 716-8508, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Research & Development, Hirata Corporation, Kumamoto 861-0135, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Monde
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
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154
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Hou X, Zheng F, Lu L, Wang Z, Ni X. Protecting effects of smoking against COVID-19: a community-based retrospective cohort study in middle- and older-aged adults. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03713-5. [PMID: 39164599 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
On December 7, 2022, China switched from dynamic zeroing strategy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to reopening. A nationwide SARS-CoV-2 epidemic emerged rapidly. The effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. We aimed to retrospectively investigate the relationship between smoking and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using a community-based cohort of smokers and non-smokers. We included participants from a pre-pandemic cohort with a prolonged follow-up period. Data on smoking status, body mass index, and history of other diseases were collected from health examination and consultation clinic records. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection over time. We analysed 218 male patients with varied smoking statuses (46.3% current or ex-smokers; average age 68.63 ± 9.81 years). Two peaks in the epidemic were observed following the December 2022 outbreak. At the end of the second peak, non-smokers, current smokers, and ex-smokers had primary infection rates increase to 88.0%, 65.1%, and 81.0%, respectively, with a significant difference between the groups. Current smoking significantly protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection (HR 0.625, 95% CI 0.402-0.970, p = 0.036). Further analyses showed that the prevalence of pneumonia in the unvaccinated, older, diabetic, and non-smoking groups was significantly higher than that in the other groups (p < 0.05). Our study suggests a potential association between smoking and a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pneumonia. This indicates that nicotine and ACE2 play important roles in preventing COVID-19 and its progression. We suggest smokers use nicotine replacement therapy during hospitalization for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hou
- Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fulin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Likun Lu
- Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuefeng Ni
- Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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155
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Wang D, Zhao J, Zhang J, Lv C, Bao S, Gao P, He M, Li L, Zhao H, Zhang C. Targeting TNF-α: The therapeutic potential of certolizumab pegol in the early period of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112498. [PMID: 38908079 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The neuroinflammatory response triggered by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is characterized by the upsurge of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which promote leukocyte infiltration and subsequent accumulation in the ischemic zone. This accumulation further intensifies inflammation and aggravates ischemic damage. Certolizumab pegol (CZP), a monoclonal antibody targeting TNF-α, is widely used in treating various inflammatory diseases. This study explored the therapeutic potential of CZP in a mouse model of CIRI, induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), focusing on its influence on the microglial inflammatory response. In vitro analyses revealed that CZP markedly inhibits TNF-α-stimulated inflammation in primary microglia with an EC50 of 1.743 ng/mL. In vivo, MCAO mice treated with CZP (10 μg/mouse, i.p.) for 3 days showed reduced infarct volume, partially improved neurological function, and diminished blood-brain barrierdisruption. Additionally, CZP treatment curtailed microglial activation and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators in the early stages of stroke. It also favorably modulated microglial M1/M2 polarization, rebalanced Th17/Treg cells dynamics, and inhibited Caspase-8-mediated GSDMD cleavage, preventing microglial pyroptosis. Collectively, this study described that the treatment with CZP reversed damaging process caused by CIRI, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiao Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China
| | - Changling Lv
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Shuangyan Bao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China
| | - Miao He
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, PR China.
| | - Hairong Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China.
| | - Chenggui Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Entomological Biopharmaceutical R&D, College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Entomoceutics, Dali, PR China.
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156
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Gieré C, Thevenot A, Menger Y, Gazzo G, Poisbeau P. Between Scylla and Charybdis: assessing the multidimensional aspects of pain behaviors in rats using a double avoidance place preference paradigm. Pain 2024:00006396-990000000-00685. [PMID: 39167457 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Although the behavioral response to pain is complex and involves supraspinal processes, assessment of pain symptoms in animal models still mainly relies on reflex-based nociceptive tests, which do not account for the affective-motivational nor cognitive components of pain. We introduce a double avoidance place preference paradigm, an integrated testing procedure in freely moving rats that relies on the conflict between the avoidance of a dark compartment in which a thermal ramp is activated, and the escape towards an aversive brightly lit compartment. We were able to differentiate the first nociceptive threshold from the temperature of definitive escape from the dark compartment, conveying information on the adaptive behavior of animals. Measures were repeated after an hour to evaluate the adaptive learning response upon reexposure. In naive animals, there was a significant decrease in the time spent in the dark compartment at all stages of the testing paradigm upon reexposure, leading to a final escape before the flood had reached nociceptive values. This adaptive behavior was blunted by anxiolytic treatment. In animals exhibiting hyperalgesia following intraplantar complete Freund adjuvant injection, escape thresholds were significantly higher than that of control animals, hinting at a maladaptive affective-motivational response to noxious stimulation. However, in cuff animals, we failed to reveal any hot nociceptive hypersensitivity, but animals exhibited a strong adaptive response to cold simulation upon reexposure. Overall, the proposed paradigm allows for an integrated cortical response leading to a proactive avoidance behavior, while fully complying with ethical standards in animal experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Gieré
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Strasbourg, France
- EURIDOL Graduate School of Pain, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andréa Thevenot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Menger
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Strasbourg, France
| | - Géraldine Gazzo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- University of Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Cognitive and Adaptive Neuroscience Laboratory, Strasbourg, France
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157
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Godos J, Micek A, Currenti W, Franchi C, Poli A, Battino M, Dolci A, Ricci C, Ungvari Z, Grosso G. Fish consumption, cognitive impairment and dementia: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:171. [PMID: 39162889 PMCID: PMC11335789 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is projected to affect a preponderant proportion of the aging population. Lifelong dietary habits have been hypothesized to play a role in preventing cognitive decline. Among the most studied dietary components, fish consumptionhas been extensively studied for its potential effects on the human brain. AIMS To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies exploring the association between fish intake and cognitive impairment/decline and all types of dementia. METHODS A systematic search of electronic databases was performed to identify observational studies providing quantitative data on fish consumption and outcomes of interest. Random effects models for meta-analyses using only extreme exposure categories, subgroup analyses, and dose-response analyses were performed to estimate cumulative risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The meta-analysis comprised 35 studies. Individuals reporting the highest vs. the lowest fish consumption were associated with a lower likelihood of cognitive impairment/decline (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.90, I2 = 61.1%), dementia (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.93, I2 = 38.7%), and Alzheimer's disease (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.96, I2 = 20.3%). The dose-response relation revealed a significantly decreased risk of cognitive impairment/decline and all cognitive outcomes across higher levels of fish intake up to 30% for 150 g/d (RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.95). The results of this relation based on APOE ε4 allele status was mixed based on the outcome investigated. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggest fish consumption is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment/decline in a dose-response manner, while for dementia and Alzheimer's disease there is a need for further studies to improve the strength of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Statistical Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, 31-501, Poland
| | - Walter Currenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlotta Franchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacoepidemiology and Human Nutrition, Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, 20156, Italy
- Italian Institute for Planetary Health (IIPH), Milan, 20124, Italy
| | - Andrea Poli
- Nutrition Foundation of Italy (NFI), Milan, 20124, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, Santander, 39011, Spain
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Alberto Dolci
- Sustainable Development Department, Bolton Food SpA, Milan, 20124, Italy
| | - Cristian Ricci
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Doctoral College, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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158
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Zhu X, Yang Q, Zhao Y, Sheng X, Zhang L. The effect of strain effect on WS 2 monolayer as a potential delivery carrier for anti-myocardial infarction drug: First-principles study. J Mol Model 2024; 30:313. [PMID: 39162905 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Myocardial infarction is one of the major health challenges. It is of great significance to develop potential delivery carriers for new anti-myocardial infarction drugs. In this paper, based on first-principles calculations, monolayer WS2 with excellent photoelectric properties was verified as a carrier for the anti-myocardial infarction drug amiodarone (AMD). Studies have shown that the WS2-adsorbed AMD system (WS2@AMD) maintains structural stability and produces an adsorption energy of-2.12 eV. Mulliken charge analysis shows that electrons are transferred from WS2 atoms to AMD atoms. Among them, C, N and O obtained the maximum values of 0.51,0.37 and 0.56 e electrons, respectively, while H and I lost the maximum values of 0.32 and 0.24 e electrons, respectively. The optical response of WS2 adsorbed AMD system is similar to that of WS2. The light absorption coefficients of the two materials in the near ultraviolet region and the visible region can reach the order of 105 cm-1 and 104 cm-1, and the strain makes the light absorption peak red-shifted. The feasibility of temperature-controlled release mechanism of WS2 as AMD carrier was discussed. This theoretical work helps to improve the performance of two-dimensional nanomaterials and make them better as drug delivery carriers to improve the therapeutic effect of myocardial infarction. These results indicate that the WS2 monolayer has potential applications in the development of drug delivery carriers. METHODS In this study, based on first-principles calculations, the CASTEP simulation software package was used to study the structure and properties of materials. The interaction between electrons and ions is considered by using Ultrasoft pseudopotentials. In order to eliminate the spurious interaction between adjacent structures caused by periodic calculations, a vacuum space no less than 18 Å is placed in the vertical direction if necessary. Different functions may produce different density functional calculation results. Due to the low sensitivity of the crystal structure to the calculation details, the PBE functional under the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) was initially used for structural optimization, and the energy cutoff value was set to 500 eV. Grimme 's dispersion correction was used to make the results more accurate. The Brillouin zone (BZ) is sampled by a 7 × 7 × 1 K-point grid to ensure the reliability of the original lattice calculation. The lattice vector and atomic coordinates are relaxed, and the tolerance of each atom is less than 0.01 eV/Å. The energy tolerance at the atomic position is less than 10-7 eV/atom. When calculating the band gap, the HSE06 hybrid functional is used to modify the optimized structure of the PBE functional to obtain more accurate results. Spin-polarized DFT calculations were performed to calculate the electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- Jinhua University of Vocational Technical, Jinhua, 321017, China.
| | - Qinghua Yang
- Jinhua University of Vocational Technical, Jinhua, 321017, China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Jinhua University of Vocational Technical, Jinhua, 321017, China
| | - Xiusheng Sheng
- Jinhua University of Vocational Technical, Jinhua, 321017, China
| | - Liangzhong Zhang
- Jinhua University of Vocational Technical, Jinhua, 321017, China
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Pescosolido BA. A network frame offers a promising transdisciplinary tool for understanding complex health and health care system problems like suicide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402194121. [PMID: 39136988 PMCID: PMC11348096 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402194121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
As health and health care systems continue to face massive challenges from local to global well-being, understanding the processes that lead to improvement or deterioration in human health has embraced a broad range of forces from genes to national cultures. Despite the many efforts to deploy a common framework that captures diverse drivers at scale, the common missing element is the absence of a flexible mechanism that can guide research within and across levels. This hinders both the cumulation of knowledge and the development of a scientific foundation for multiplex interventions. However, studies across disciplines using a wide variety of methods and measures have converged on "connectedness" as crucial to understanding how factors operate in the health space. More formally, a focus on the critical role of the network structure and content of key elements and how they interact, rather than just on the elements themselves, offers both a generalized theory of active factors within levels and the potential to theorize interactions across levels. One critical contemporary health crisis, suicide, is deployed to illustrate the Network Embedded Symbiome Framework. The wide range of health and health care research where networks have been implicated supports its potential but also cautions against inevitable limits that will require creative theorizing and data harmonization to move forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice A. Pescosolido
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN47405
- Irsay Institute for Sociomedical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN47405
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160
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Tian X, Gao J, Liu L, Zhao Z, Hang J, Zheng Y, Wang X. Mathematical models for traffic-source PM 2.5 dispersion in an urban street canyon considering the capture capability of roadside trees. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175513. [PMID: 39155009 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization increases the densely built-up blocks, the population and vehicles. Large amounts of particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5μm or less), from vehicle exhaust are critical to human health. In typical street canyons in hot and humid regions, traffic-source PM usually diffuses to the densely built-up blocks through roadside trees. Roadside trees are a double-edged sword, serving as "guards" to absorb PM2.5 while may lead to PM2.5 gathering in street levels, thereby influencing the PM2.5 dispersion in the densely built-up blocks. To quantify the dispersion process, this study proposed traffic-source PM2.5 dynamic dispersion models considering the capture capability of roadside trees and built-up blocks based on the OSPM model. Due to the difficulty in obtaining the adsorption and deposition rate of the proposed models, the numerical simulations by ENVI-met software were used to solve and obtain the relationship between capture capability and characteristic index of roadside trees. Subsequently, The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed traffic-source PM2.5 dynamic dispersion models were verified through field experimental data. Results show that the calculated PM2.5 concentration significantly linearly increased with the measured values with the determined coefficient (R2) of 0.98, and the first-order coefficient close to 1. It indicates that the proposed traffic-source PM2.5 dispersion model accurately quantified the impact of roadside trees on PM2.5 and its concentration dispersion process to the built-up blocks. This study provides suggestions for designing characteristic indexes of roadside trees and built-up blocks to improve the air quality of urban street canyons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Cross Research Institute of Ocean Engineering Safety and Sustainable Development, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianwen Gao
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Cross Research Institute of Ocean Engineering Safety and Sustainable Development, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Cross Research Institute of Ocean Engineering Safety and Sustainable Development, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Hang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Yingsheng Zheng
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Montone RA, Rinaldi R, Niccoli G, Andò G, Gragnano F, Piccolo R, Pelliccia F, Moscarella E, Zimarino M, Fabris E, de Rosa S, Calabrò P, Porto I, Burzotta F, Grigioni F, Barbato E, Chieffo A, Capodanno D, Al-Lamee R, Ford TJ, Brugaletta S, Indolfi C, Sinagra G, Perrone Filardi P, Crea F. Optimizing Management of Stable Angina: A Patient-Centered Approach Integrating Revascularization, Medical Therapy, and Lifestyle Interventions. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 84:744-760. [PMID: 39142729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Angina pectoris may arise from obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) or in the absence of significant CAD (ischemia with nonobstructed coronary arteries [INOCA]). Therapeutic strategies for patients with angina and obstructive CAD focus on reducing cardiovascular events and relieving symptoms, whereas in INOCA the focus shifts toward managing functional alterations of the coronary circulation. In obstructive CAD, coronary revascularization might improve angina status, although a significant percentage of patients present angina persistence or recurrence, suggesting the presence of functional mechanisms along with epicardial CAD. In patients with INOCA, performing a precise endotype diagnosis is crucial to allow a tailored therapy targeted toward the specific pathogenic mechanism. In this expert opinion paper, we review the evidence for the management of angina, highlighting the complementary role of coronary revascularization, optimal medical therapy, and lifestyle interventions and underscoring the importance of a personalized approach that targets the underlying pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco A Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Rinaldi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Hospital Clínic, Cardiovascular Clinic Institute, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Giuseppe Andò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, AOU Policlinico "Gaetano Martino," Messina, Italy
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy; Division of Clinical Cardiology, AORN "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano," Caserta, Italy
| | - Raffaele Piccolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pelliccia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Moscarella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy; Division of Clinical Cardiology, AORN "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano," Caserta, Italy
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "Gabriele d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Cardiology, "SS. Annunziata Hospital," Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Fabris
- Cardio-thoraco-vascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Salvatore de Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy; Division of Clinical Cardiology, AORN "Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano," Caserta, Italy
| | - Italo Porto
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Burzotta
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alaide Chieffo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Capodanno
- Division of Cardiology, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rasha Al-Lamee
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tom J Ford
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clínic, Cardiovascular Clinic Institute, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardio-thoraco-vascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Center of Excellence of Cardiovascular Sciences, Ospedale Isola Tiberina-Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy
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162
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Chen C, Zhu Y, Liu L, Ke J, Yu W, Song Q, Li M, Tang Y, Wang C. Associations of 24-Hour Central Systolic Blood Pressure With Multiorgan Damage in Nondialysis Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034469. [PMID: 39158576 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple target-organ damages (TODs) in the same patient are common and further increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between ambulatory central systolic blood pressure (SBP) and multiple TODs has yet to be explored. METHODS AND RESULTS MobilO-Graph PWA was used to monitor the participants' ambulatory blood pressure, and the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid hypertrophy, and kidney injury were used to define TOD. Logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to explore the correlation between SBP and TOD. Overall, 2018 nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease were included and 580 (28.74%) had multiple TODs. Twenty-four-hour central SBP with c2 calibration exhibited a stronger correlation with the increasing number of TOD compared with 24-hour brachial SBP in ordinal logistic regression analyses. In the multivariable analyses with the presence of multiple TODs, the odds ratios were 1.786 (95% CI, 1.474-2.165; P<0.001) for 24-hour brachial SBP and 1.949 (95% CI, 1.605-2.366; P<0.001) for 24-hour central SBP with c2 calibration. The receiver operating characteristic analyses also showed that 24-hour central SBP with c2 calibration had higher discrimination than 24-hour brachial SBP regarding multiple TODs (P<0.001). In addition, using 130/135 mm Hg as the threshold for 24-hour brachial SBP/central SBP with c2 calibration to cross-classify, the prevalence of multiple TODs was greater in cases of concordant hypertension compared with cases of isolated brachial hypertension and concordant normotension, with no difference between the latter 2 conditions. CONCLUSIONS Twenty-four-hour central SBP with c2 calibration was more associated with the presence of multiple TODs compared with 24-hour brachial SBP and was helpful in risk classification of multiple TODs among nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
| | - Jianting Ke
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
| | - Wenjuan Yu
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Qirong Song
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Man Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
| | - Ying Tang
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University Guangdong China
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163
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Zou S, Zou X, Zhang R, Xue K, Xiao AY, Zhou M, Fu Z, Zhou H. Maternal depression and early childhood development among children aged 24-59 months: the mediating effect of responsive caregiving. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2024; 23:30. [PMID: 39164699 PMCID: PMC11334398 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-024-00515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether maternal depression is related to Early Childhood Developmental (ECD) delay among children by quantifying the mediating contribution of responsive caregiving. We used data from 1235 children (Children's mean age = 50.4 months; 582 girls, 653 boys, 93.9% were Han), selected through convenience sampling, in 2021. 4.7% of children had ECD delay, 34.3% of mothers had depression. Children with depressed mothers were less likely to receive responsive caregiving (OR 4.35, 95% CI 2.60-7.27), and those who did not receive responsive caregiving were more likely to experience ECD delay (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.89-8.02). Responsive caregiving partly mediated the relationship between maternal depression and ECD. Early intervention for children with depressed mothers is worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinye Zou
- Department of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Duke Kunshan University, No.8 Duke Ave., Kunshan, 215316, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kefan Xue
- Oxford School of Global and Area Studies, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6LH, UK
| | - Angela Y Xiao
- Department of International Studies, Macalester College, 1600 Grand Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55105, USA
| | - Mo Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ziyuan Fu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University Health Science Center - Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
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164
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Lu J, Li M, He J, Xu Y, Zheng R, Zheng J, Qin G, Qin Y, Chen Y, Tang X, Ye Z, Xu M, Wang T, Shi L, Su Q, Yu X, Yan L, Zhao Z, Wan Q, Chen G, Gao Z, Wang G, Shen F, Gu X, Luo Z, Chen L, Hou X, Huo Y, Li Q, Qiao H, Zhang Y, Zeng T, Hu C, Cao Q, Jia X, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu S, Yang T, Deng H, Qi H, Wu X, Zhang D, Dai M, Li D, Lai S, Chen L, Zhao J, Mu Y, Hu W, Ning G, Hu R, Bi Y, Wang W. Association of social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors with mortality in Chinese adults: A nationwide 10-year prospective cohort study. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101656. [PMID: 39067445 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Nationwide estimates of the impact of common modifiable risk factors on mortality remain crucial. We aim to assess the influence of social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors on mortality in 174,004 adults aged ≥40 years from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study. We reveal that 17 modifiable factors are independently associated with mortality, accounting for 64.8% of all-cause mortality, 77.4% of cardiovascular mortality, and 44.8% of cancer mortality. Low education emerges as the leading factor for both all-cause and cancer mortality, while hypertension is predominant for cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, low gross domestic product per capita and high ambient particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) air pollution account for 7.8% and 4.3% for all-cause mortality, respectively, using a different method. Gender-specific analyses reveal distinct patterns, with women's mortality primarily associated with social determinants and men exhibiting stronger associations with lifestyle factors. Targeted health interventions are essential to mitigate mortality risks effectively in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Su
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yan
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Huo
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Qiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinfei Zhang
- Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyu Cao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youmin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shengli Wu
- Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huacong Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shenghan Lai
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lulu Chen
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruying Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Gong M, Xia T, Chen Z, Zhu Y. Comparison analysis of the burden and attributable risk factors of early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer in China from 1990 to 2019. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00161. [PMID: 39150077 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The project intended to analyze the impact of burden and related risk factors of late-onset colorectal cancer (LOCRC) and early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) in China, thus offering essential references for optimizing prevention and control strategies. METHOD Global Burden of Disease Study was employed to describe burden changes of EOCRC and LOCRC in China during 1990-2019, containing the numbers of incidence, deaths, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and to compare attributable deaths and DALYs risk factors in varying age and sex segments. RESULTS The numbers and corresponding crude rates of incidence, deaths, prevalence, and DALYs of EOCRC and LOCRC in China during 1990-2019 demonstrated an upward trend across all age categories, with males being dramatically predominant. Overall, over time, the impact of a low-calcium diet and a low-fiber diet on mortality and DALY rates decreased, while the impact of other risk factors increased. In terms of gender, the risk factors affecting males changed greatly, with smoking, inadequate milk intake, and the low whole-grain diet being the main factors in 2019, while in 1990, the main factors were the low-calcium diet, smoking, and inadequate milk intake. CONCLUSION The burden of colorectal cancer in China is concerning. Patients grouped by diagnostic age exhibit different characteristics, indicating the need for high-quality research in the future to achieve personalized medicine tailored to different population characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery
| | | | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
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Yuan X, Kang H, Qin Y, Li H, Li L, Li Y, Wang M, Li N, Deng Y, Li X, Yu P, Wang Y, Liu Z. Biomarkers for congenital ventricular outflow tract malformations based on maternal serum lipid metabolomics analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:547. [PMID: 39164614 PMCID: PMC11334326 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The congenital ventricular outflow tract malformations (CVOTMs) is a major congenital heart diseases (CHDs) subtype, and its pathogenesis is complex and unclear. Lipid metabolic plays a crucial role in embryonic cardiovascular development. However, due to the limited types of detectable metabolites in previous studies, findings on lipid metabolic and CHDs are still inconsistent, and the possible mechanism of CHDs remains unclear. METHODS The nest case-control study obtained subjects from the multicenter China Teratology Birth Cohort (CTBC), and maternal serum from the pregnant women enrolled during the first trimester was utilized. The subjects were divided into a discovery set and a validation set. The metabolomics of CVOTMs and normal fetuses were analyzed by targeted lipid metabolomics. Differential comparison, random forest and lasso regression were used to screen metabolic biomarkers. RESULTS The lipid metabolites were distributed differentially between the cases and controls. Setting the selection criteria of P value < 0.05, and fold change (FC) > 1.2 or < 0.833, we screened 70 differential metabolites. Within the prediction model by random forest and lasso regression, DG (14:0_18:0), DG (20:0_18:0), Cer (d18:2/20:0), Cer (d18:1/20:0) and LPC (0:0/18:1) showed good prediction effects in discovery and validation sets. Differential metabolites were mainly concentrated in glycerolipid and glycerophospholipids metabolism, insulin resistance and lipid & atherosclerosis pathways, which may be related to the occurrence and development of CVOTMs. CONCLUSION Findings in this study provide a new metabolite data source for the research on CHDs. The differential metabolites and involved metabolic pathways may suggest new ideas for further mechanistic exploration of CHDs, and the selected biomarkers may provide some new clues for detection of COVTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yuan
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Kang
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuqin Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixian Wang
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Nana Li
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Yu
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Center for Birth Defects Monitoring of China, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Robert BN, Moturi AK, Bahati F, Macharia PM, Okiro EA. Evaluating the gap in rapid diagnostic testing: insights from subnational Kenyan routine health data. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081241. [PMID: 39160102 PMCID: PMC11337709 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding diagnostic capacities is essential to addressing healthcare provision and inequity, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. This study used routine data to assess trends in rapid diagnostic test (RDT) reporting, supplies and unmet needs across national and 47 subnational (county) levels in Kenya. METHODS We extracted facility-level RDT data for 19 tests (2018-2020) from the Kenya District Health Information System, linked to 13 373 geocoded facilities. Data quality was assessed for reporting completeness (ratio of reports received against those expected), reporting patterns and outliers. Supply assessment covered 12 RDTs reported by at least 50% of the reporting facilities (n=5251), with missing values imputed considering reporting trends. Supply was computed by aggregating the number of tests reported per facility. Due to data limitations, demand was indirectly estimated using healthcare-seeking rates (HIV, malaria) and using population data for venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL), with unmet need computed as the difference between supply and demand. RESULTS Reporting completeness was under 40% across all counties, with RDT-specific reporting ranging from 9.6% to 89.6%. Malaria RDTs showed the highest annual test volumes (6.3-8.0 million) while rheumatoid factor was the lowest (0.5-0.7 million). Demand for RDTs varied from 2.5 to 11.5 million tests, with unmet needs between 1.2 and 3.5 million. Notably, malaria testing and unmet needs were highest in Turkana County, as well as the western and coastal regions. HIV testing was concentrated in the western and central regions, with decreasing unmet needs from 2018 to 2020. VDRL testing showed high volumes and unmet needs in Nairobi and select counties, with minimal yearly variation. CONCLUSION RDTs are crucial in enhancing diagnostic accessibility, yet their utilisation varies significantly by region. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to close testing gaps and improve data reporting completeness. Addressing these disparities is vital for equitably enhancing diagnostic services nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibian N. Robert
- Population & Health Impact Surveillance Group, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Angela K. Moturi
- Population & Health Impact Surveillance Group, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Felix Bahati
- Health Services Research Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter M. Macharia
- Population & Health Impact Surveillance Group, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Emelda A. Okiro
- Population & Health Impact Surveillance Group, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Qian Y, Zhao Y, Tang L, Ye D, Chen Q, Zhu H, Ye H, Xu G, Liu L. Short-term effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on outpatients with allergic airway disease in Ningbo, China, 2015-2021. Public Health 2024; 236:52-59. [PMID: 39163744 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The allergic airway disease, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, is a general term of a range of inflammatory disorders affecting the upper and lower airways and lung parenchyma. This study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on AAD-related daily outpatient visits. STUDY DESIGN An ecological study. METHODS Data on outpatient visits due to AAD (n = 4,554,404) were collected from the platform of the Ningbo Health Information from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021. A Quasi-Poisson generalized additive regression model was established to analyze the lag effects of air pollution on daily outpatient visits for AAD. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to explore the potential non-linear relationships between air pollutants and meteorological and daily outpatient visits for AAD. RESULTS PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, or CO were associated with daily outpatient visits for AAD, and there was a significant increasing trend in the cumulative lag effects. SO2 had the largest effect at Lag07, with a 25.3% (95% CI: 21.6%-29.0%) increase in AAD for every 10 μg/m3 increase in exposure concentration. Subgroup analysis showed that the 0-18 years old age group had the strongest effects, especially for AR, and all effects were stronger in the cold season. CONCLUSIONS Given that patients aged 0-18 are more susceptible to environmental changes, protective measures specifically for children should be taken during dry and cold weather conditions with poor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Qian
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, China
| | - L Tang
- Ningbo Health Information Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - D Ye
- Ningbo Health Information Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Ningbo NO.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Zhu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - H Ye
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - G Xu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - L Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China; Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China.
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Wu D, Shi Y, Wang C, Li C, Lu Y, Wang C, Zhu W, Sun T, Han J, Zheng Y, Zhang L. Investigating the impact of extreme weather events and related indicators on cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:128. [PMID: 39160599 PMCID: PMC11331640 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of weather on human health has been proven, but the impact of extreme weather events on cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) needs to be urgently explored. OBJECTIVES Investigating the impact of extreme temperature, relative humidity (RH), and laboratory testing parameters at admission on adverse events in CMM hospitalizations. DESIGNS Time-stratified case-crossover design. METHODS A distributional lag nonlinear model with a time-stratified case-crossover design was used to explore the nonlinear lagged association between environmental factors and CMM. Subsequently, unbalanced data were processed by 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) and conditional logistic regression was employed to analyze the association between laboratory indicators and unplanned readmissions for CMM. Finally, the previously identified environmental factors and relevant laboratory indicators were incorporated into different machine learning models to predict the risk of unplanned readmission for CMM. RESULTS There are nonlinear associations and hysteresis effects between temperature, RH and hospital admissions for a variety of CMM. In addition, the risk of admission is higher under low temperature and high RH conditions with the addition of particulate matter (PM, PM2.5 and PM10) and O3_8h. The risk is greater for females and adults aged 65 and older. Compared with first quartile (Q1), the fourth quartile (Q4) had a higher association between serum calcium (HR = 1.3632, 95% CI: 1.0732 ~ 1.7334), serum creatinine (HR = 1.7987, 95% CI: 1.3528 ~ 2.3958), fasting plasma glucose (HR = 1.2579, 95% CI: 1.0839 ~ 1.4770), aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine aminotransferase ratio (HR = 2.3131, 95% CI: 1.9844 ~ 2.6418), alanine aminotransferase (HR = 1.7687, 95% CI: 1.2388 ~ 2.2986), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (HR = 1.4951, 95% CI: 1.2551 ~ 1.7351) were independently and positively associated with unplanned readmission for CMM. However, serum total bilirubin and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) showed negative correlations. After incorporating environmental factors and their lagged terms, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) demonstrated a more prominent predictive performance for unplanned readmission of CMM patients, with an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.767 (95% CI:0.7486 ~ 0.7854). CONCLUSIONS Extreme cold or wet weather is linked to worsened adverse health effects in female patients with CMM and in individuals aged 65 years and older. Moreover, meteorologic factors and environmental pollutants may elevate the likelihood of unplanned readmissions for CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Shi
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - ChenChen Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Cheng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yaoqin Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Urumqi, Urumqi, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- School of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junjie Han
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Xu CZ, Gao QY, Gao GH, Chen ZT, Wu MX, Liao GH, Cai YW, Chen N, Wang JF, Zhang HF. FTMT-dependent mitophagy is crucial for ferroptosis resistance in cardiac fibroblast. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119825. [PMID: 39168410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic responses to cellular stress are pivotal in cell ferroptosis, with mitophagy serving as a crucial mechanism in both metabolic processes and ferroptosis. This study aims to elucidate the effects of high glucose on cardiomyocytes (CMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) regarding ferroptosis and to uncover the underlying mechanisms involved. We examined alterations in glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and mitophagy, which are essential for metabolic adaptations and ferroptosis. High glucose exposure induced ferroptosis specifically in CMs, while CFs exhibited resistance to ferroptosis, increased glycolytic activity, and no change in OXPHOS. Moreover, high glucose treatment enhanced mitophagy and upregulated mitochondrial ferritin (FTMT). Notably, the combination of FTMT and the autophagy-related protein nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) increased under high glucose conditions. Silencing FTMT significantly impeded mitophagy and eliminated ferroptosis resistance in CFs cultured under high glucose conditions. The transcription factor forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) was upregulated in CFs upon high glucose exposure, playing a crucial role in the increased expression of FTMT. Within the 5'-flanking sequence of the FTMT mRNA, approximately -500 nt from the transcription initiation site, three putative FOXA1 binding sites were identified. High glucose augmented the binding affinity between FOXA1 and these sequences, thereby promoting FTMT transcription. In summary, high glucose upregulated FOXA1 expression and stimulated FTMT promoter activity in CFs, thereby promoting FTMT-dependent mitophagy and conferring ferroptosis resistance in CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guang-Hao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Guang-Hong Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yang-Wei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Zhu W, He X, San R, Chen N, Han T, Zhang S, Xu Y, Jin S, Xu Y, Jiang Y. Global, regional, and national drowning trends from 1990 to 2021: Results from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Acad Emerg Med 2024. [PMID: 39155829 DOI: 10.1111/acem.15003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drowning is a preventable public health concern that burdens emergency care systems globally. This study comprehensively evaluated fatal drowning patterns across population, time, and geography from 1990 to 2021 to inform effective prevention strategies. METHODS Using the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study framework and standardized estimation methods, the study analyzed global and regional drowning burden in terms of mortality, incidence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), based on population registry data and drowning-related epidemiological covariates. RESULTS Global drowning incidents decreased by 33.67% from 1990 to 2021. The drowning incidence rate and mortality rate declined from 24.20 and 9.68 per 100,000 in 1990 to 10.85 and 3.48 per 100,000 in 2021, respectively. Years of life lost and DALYs rates due to drowning also decreased significantly, from 715.80 and 718.69 per 100,000 in 1990 to 197.64 and 198.92 per 100,000 in 2021. Regionally, East Asia had the highest drowning mortality (27.15% of global deaths), while the high-income Asia Pacific region experienced the highest incidence rate (21.38 per 100,000). South Asia had the greatest number of drowning deaths (75,639). Tropical Latin America showed the largest incidence decline, while high-income Asia Pacific exhibited increasing trends. Drowning disproportionately affected children under 5 and the elderly in most regions. CONCLUSIONS While global drowning rates have declined, progress varies across regions. To improve prevention, focus should target low-income/middle-income countries and vulnerable populations like children and the elderly. Increased investment in safety education and rescue resources is vital to address their disproportionate risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaxia He
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Renfei San
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Nanjin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Tingfen Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yubin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Shengwei Jin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinghe Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yongpo Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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Nian S, Tang S, Shen S, Yue W, Zhao C, Zou T, Li W, Li N, Lu S, Chen J. Landscape of the Lumbar Cartilaginous End Plate Microbiota and Metabolites in Patients with Modic Changes. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2024:00004623-990000000-01176. [PMID: 39159220 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.23.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modic changes (MCs), vertebral end plate and bone marrow damage observed by magnetic resonance imaging, are an independent risk factor for low back pain. The compositions of and interaction between microbiota and metabolites in the lumbar cartilaginous end plates (LCEPs) of patients with MCs have not been identified. METHODS Patients with lumbar disc degeneration who were undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery were recruited between April 2020 and April 2021. LCEPs were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based targeted metabolomic profiling. Of the 54 patients recruited, 24 had no MCs and 30 had changes classified as Modic type 2 or 3. The primary goal was to identify specific genera of microbiota associated with MCs, and secondary goals included investigating differences in metabolites between patients with and without MCs and exploring the correlation between these metabolites and microorganisms. RESULTS Investigation of the microbiota community structure revealed that both alpha diversity and beta diversity were significantly different between patients with and without MCs, and the abundances of 26 genera were significantly different between these 2 groups. Metabolomic analysis revealed that 26 metabolites were significantly different between the 2 groups. The unsaturated fatty acid pathway was found to be the main pathway related to MCs. Multiomic correlation analysis suggested that Caulobacteraceae (unclassified) and Mycobacterium, Clostridium, Blautia, and Bifidobacterium at the genus level were linked to dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism, contributing to the pathogenesis of MCs. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents a foundational effort to examine the landscape of the microbiota and metabolites in patients with MCs, informing future studies on the pathogenesis of and targeted therapy for MCs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunqi Nian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqian Shen
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wenqiang Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiannan Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, 920th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Liebich A, Zheng S, Schachner T, Mair J, Jovanova M, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Kowatsch T. Non-pharmaceutical interventions and epigenetic aging in adults: Protocol for a scoping review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301763. [PMID: 39159141 PMCID: PMC11332928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is the strongest risk factor for most chronic diseases. The rising burden of an aging population and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), contributes to escalating costs for society. Several non-pharmaceutical interventions can lower the risk of NCDs, including common mental disorders (CMDs), and may slow down biological aging, as evidenced by outcome markers such as epigenetic clocks. However, a comprehensive overview of whether and which non-pharmaceutical interventions may impact human epigenetic aging is missing. Synthesizing evidence of interventions on epigenetic aging that can be adopted by a wider population is key to guide healthy aging initiatives and to reduce the burden of NCDs and CMDs. This scoping review will identify and assess non-pharmaceutical interventions aimed to slow down epigenetic aging, including their intervention components, and the mode used for intervention delivery. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol will include single- and multicomponent intervention studies that target individuals ≥ 18 years of age and use epigenetic clocks as primary or secondary outcomes. Five electronic databases will be searched for studies between July 2011 until December 2023. The final search will include the search terms adults, non-pharmaceutical interventions, epigenetic aging and their respective synonyms. We will include randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies. Additionally, the reference list of other reviews will be screened for relevant articles. Study selection is carried out based on the defined eligibility criteria by two authors. Quality and risk of bias for the included studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Data extraction will include generic key information such as the research question and results, the intervention components, and specific epigenetic outcome measures used. Further data regarding the delivery mode of the treatment protocol will be collected. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This scoping review will summarize the characteristics of non-pharmaceutical intervention studies on epigenetic aging. This review will be the first step to formally identify key intervention components and delivery modes to guide future research on healthy aging interventions. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and presented at relevant conferences. This review will synthesize information from available publications and does not require further ethical approval. REGISTRATION DETAILS Open Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FEHNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Liebich
- School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Shenglin Zheng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore–ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Theresa Schachner
- Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Mair
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore–ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence And Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mia Jovanova
- School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Digital Health Center, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kowatsch
- School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Management, Technology, and Economics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Implementation Science in Health Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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174
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Zhu W, Dong W, Liu Y, Bai R. The stomach cancer epidemic in Chinese mainland: Current trends and future predictions. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01183. [PMID: 39157911 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is one of the countries with the highest burdens of stomach cancer. The objective of this study was to analyze long-term trends in the incidence and mortality of stomach cancer in Chinese mainland from 1990 to 2019 and to make projections until 2030. METHODS Data on stomach cancer were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. Population data were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 and World Population Prospects 2019. An age-period-cohort framework and decomposition analysis were used in this study. RESULTS The net drift for the incidence of stomach cancer was 0.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0%, 0.4%) per year for men and -1.8% (95% CI: -2.0%, -1.6%) for women. The net drift for mortality was -1.6% (95% CI: -1.8%, -1.3%) per year for men and -3.3% (95% CI: -3.5%, -3.1%) for women. In the last 10-15 years, the risk of stomach cancer occurrence and death has continued to decline for both sexes. Regarding birth cohorts, although the risk of stomach cancer death decreased in general among women and men born after 1920, the risk of occurrence increased in recent birth cohorts (men born after 1970 and women born after 1985). It is expected that the age-standardized incidence will increase among men and decrease among women, and age-standardized mortality will decrease for both sexes. The largest contributor to the projected increase in incident cases and deaths is population aging, and elderly individuals are projected to have an increased proportion of occurrence and death. CONCLUSIONS In the past three decades, the incidence of stomach cancer among men has increased in Chinese mainland, and this trend is projected to continue. Aging will be the main contributor to future increased stomach cancer occurrence and deaths. To reduce the health impact of stomach cancer, more efforts are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Zhu
- School of Public Affairs, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Wanyue Dong
- School of Elderly Care Services and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yunning Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruhai Bai
- School of Public Affairs, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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175
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Darquenne C, Corcoran TE, Lavorini F, Sorano A, Usmani OS. The effects of airway disease on the deposition of inhaled drugs. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39136493 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2392790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The deposition of inhaled medications is the first step in the pulmonary pharmacokinetic process to produce a therapeutic response. Not only lung dose but more importantly the distribution of deposited drug in the different regions of the lung determines local bioavailability, efficacy, and clinical safety. Assessing aerosol deposition patterns has been the focus of intense research that combines the fields of physics, radiology, physiology, and biology. AREAS COVERED The review covers the physics of aerosol transport in the lung, experimental, and in-silico modeling approaches to determine lung dose and aerosol deposition patterns, the effect of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis on aerosol deposition, and the clinical translation potential of determining aerosol deposition dose. EXPERT OPINION Recent advances in in-silico modeling and lung imaging have enabled the development of realistic subject-specific aerosol deposition models, albeit mainly in health. Accurate modeling of lung disease still requires additional refinements in existing imaging and modeling approaches to better characterize disease heterogeneity in peripheral airways. Nevertheless, recent patient-centric innovation in inhaler device engineering and the incorporation of digital technology have led to more consistent lung deposition and improved targeting of the distal airways, which better serve the clinical needs of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Darquenne
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Federico Lavorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sorano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Omar S Usmani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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176
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Yu Y, Huang Q, Ren Z, Ou Z. The Association Between Social Isolation and Medication Adherence Among Chinese Older Adults With Chronic Diseases: Serial Mediation of Social Support and Loneliness. Ann Behav Med 2024:kaae049. [PMID: 39158009 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication adherence is essential for chronic disease management among older adults. Previous studies have shown significant links among social isolation, social support, loneliness, and medication adherence, yet most were based on cross-sectional designs. PURPOSE We conducted a longitudinal cohort study among Chinese older adults with chronic diseases to explore the mediating effects of social support and loneliness in the association between social isolation and medication adherence. METHODS This study followed a cohort of 797 older adults with chronic diseases in China from 2022 to 2023. The serial mediation model was examined via bootstrapping techniques to evaluate the mediating effect of social support and loneliness in the association between social isolation and medication adherence. RESULTS From baseline to follow-up, there were significant decreases in social support (from 26.6 ± 6.2 to 23.5 ± 6.7) and medication adherence (from 6.7 ± 1.2 to 6.0 ± 1.5) and significant increases in social isolation (from 1.8 ± 1.3 to 2.5 ± 1.4) and loneliness (13.2 ± 4.1 to 23.5 ± 6.7), all with p < .001. A serial mediation model was confirmed, where social support and loneliness serially and partially mediated the association between social isolation and medication adherence (total effect c = -0.216, 95% CI = -0.296 to -0.136; direct effect c' = -0.094, 95% CI = -0.171 to -0.017; total indirect effect ab = -0.122, 95% CI = -0.179 to -0.070). CONCLUSIONS Our findings yield critical insights into the relationship between social isolation and medication adherence through various mediating mechanisms. These findings hold significant implications for devising psychosocial interventions to enhance medication adherence among older adults with chronic diseases, underscoring the pivotal role of bolstering social support and alleviating loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yu
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Qianyue Huang
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Public Administration, School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwen Ou
- School of Marxism, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
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177
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Rojas-Gualdrón DF, Henao MS, Zuluaga CAU, Henao AE, Henck CAG. Global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: a secondary analysis of the global burden of disease study, 2019. Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e20240134. [PMID: 39171329 PMCID: PMC11338516 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2024-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging of the world population has led to an increase in the epidemiology and burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Objective To describe the global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias by world region and income through a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional ecological study. Data by sex and five-year age groups from 40 to 64 years were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study results tool. We performed a descriptive analysis of prevalence, incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability. Results In 2019, young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias presented a prevalence of 2.67 cases and an incidence of 0.44 per 1,000 inhabitants globally. It carried a significant burden, resulting in 1.16 disability-adjusted life years per 1,000 inhabitants, primarily due to years of life lost, and to a lesser extent due to years lived with disability. East Asia & the Pacific, Latin America & the Caribbean, and North America are the most affected regions. Burden rates are consistently higher among women; no gradient was observed by country income. Smoking was the most relevant risk factor, presenting a broad difference by country income level. Conclusion The global burden of young-onset Alzheimer's disease and other dementias may reshape healthcare requirements and the societal impact of dementias, and its understanding is relevant to inform decisions related to service offerings and research agendas.
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178
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Luan PT, Pham QL, Tan DD, Linh NT, Long NT, Oanh KT, Michel L, Van Tuan N. Suicide risk among young people who use drugs in Hanoi, Vietnam: Prevalence and related factors. J Paediatr Child Health 2024. [PMID: 39158023 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.16648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM Adolescents and young adults are vulnerable to suicidality, especially those at high risk such as young people who use drugs (YPUD). This study aimed to assess the prevalence and related factors of suicide risk among this population. METHODS We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study on YPUD aged 16-24 in the community in Hanoi, Vietnam. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, drug use, and adverse childhood experiences were collected using face-to-face questionnaires by research assistants. YPUD were screened by psychiatrists for depression, psychotic symptoms, and suicide risk, using the MINI questionnaire. RESULTS Three hundred-seven YPUD (250 males, 57 females) participated in the study; of those, 86 (28.0%) were at risk of suicide. Gender (female), adverse childhood experiences, depression, and psychosis were relevant factors. CONCLUSION The prevalence of suicide risk among young people using drugs was high. Therefore, suicide risk should be screened and monitored in the clinical assessment of this population. In addition, the intervention efforts to detect and intervene in adverse events during childhood may be one way to prevent mental health and suicide in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham T Luan
- Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang L Pham
- School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Doan D Tan
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen T Linh
- Supporting Community Development Initiative, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen T Long
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khuat Th Oanh
- Supporting Community Development Initiative, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Laurent Michel
- CESP/Inserm 1018, Centre Pierre Nicole, French Red Cross, Paris, France
| | - Nguyen Van Tuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- National Institute of Mental Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
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179
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Li X, Jiang H. Global, regional, and national burden of ischaemic heart disease and its attributable risk factors in youth from 1990 to 2019: a Global Burden of Disease study. Public Health 2024; 236:43-51. [PMID: 39159577 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to analyse the global, regional, and national burdens of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in adults aged 15-49 years and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN Epidemiological study. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The estimated annual percentage change was used to evaluate temporal trends in incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of youth IHD. We selected IHD-associated risk factors, including five environmental/occupational factors, 16 behavioural risks, and five metabolic factors. We computed the age-standardised rates and percentage of age-standardised DALY rates attributable to these factors of youth IHD. RESULTS Globally, there were 2.26 million cases of incidence, 0.63 million deaths, and 30.58 million DALYs in 2019. The age-standardised incidence, death, and DALY rates decreased from 1990 to 2019, whereas the absolute number of incidences, deaths, and DALYs increased significantly. Globally, approximately 94.1% of age-standardised DALY rates from IHD in youths aged 15-49 years are attributable to risk factors listed in the GBD 2019 dataset. The leading global and regional risk factors for youth IHD in 2019 were high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (68.9%), high systolic blood pressure (51.2%), high body mass index (33.1%), smoking (30.5%), and ambient particulate-matter pollution (25.4%). CONCLUSIONS The burden of IHD among young people is still heavy, and metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of IHD. Therefore, formulating relevant policies to control and treat cardiovascular risk factors is an effective measure to reduce the IHD burden in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Experimental Research Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.
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180
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Gutierrez JP, Castañeda A, Agudelo-Botero M, Martínez-Valle A, Knight M, Lozano R. Performance evaluation of Mexico's health system at the national and subnational level, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Health Access and Quality Index. Public Health 2024; 236:7-14. [PMID: 39154589 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate Mexico's health system performance from 1990 to 2019 utilising the Health Access and Quality Index (HAQI) as a primary indicator. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective ecological analysis was performed using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) study and the National Population Council (CONAPO). METHODS HAQI values for 1990, 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2019 were examined for each state in Mexico and three age groups (young, working, and post-working). Additionally, the marginalisation index was employed to assess inequalities in the HAQI distribution across states. The concentration index of the HAQI for each year was estimated, and the efficiency of states in producing the HAQI was evaluated using a data envelopment approach. RESULTS Through the analysis of national and subnational data, results indicated an overall improvement in healthcare access and quality during the study period. Although differences in the HAQI value related to state marginalisation decreased from 1990 to 2015, by 2019, the inequality had returned to a level comparable to 2000. Efficiency in producing health (HAQI values) exhibited substantial heterogeneity and fluctuations in the ranking order over time. States such as Nuevo León consistently performed well, while others, such as Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico City, and Puebla, consistently underperformed. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study emphasise the necessity for nuanced strategies to address healthcare disparities and enhance the overall system performance. The study provides valuable insights for ongoing discussions about the future of Mexico's healthcare system, aiming to inform evidence-based policy decisions and improve the nationwide delivery of healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Gutierrez
- Center for Policy, Population & Health Research, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, Mexico
| | - A Castañeda
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, Mexico
| | - M Agudelo-Botero
- Center for Policy, Population & Health Research, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, Mexico
| | - A Martínez-Valle
- Center for Policy, Population & Health Research, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, Mexico
| | - M Knight
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - R Lozano
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, Mexico; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
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181
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Rocabois A, Sanchez M, Philippat C, Crépet A, Vrijheid M, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Slama R. Chemical exposome and children health: identification of dose-response relationships from meta-analyses and epidemiological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:119811. [PMID: 39159775 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health impact assessment studies quantifying the impact of the chemical exposome on children's health generally consider a small fraction of the exposome. Synthetizing available dose-response relationships is an essential step to fill this gap. We reviewed the literature for dose-response relationships relating the chemical exposome with children health. METHOD We focused on 78 substance-outcome pairs for which the level of evidence had previously been classified as 'likely' or 'very likely'. We searched for dose-response relationships for these pairs from meta-analyses and, if none was available, from single epidemiological studies, from which we conducted meta-analyses whenever possible. RESULTS We identified dose-response relationships for 50 of the 78 prioritized substance-outcome pairs (64%). Dose-response relationships stemmed from meta-analyses for 21 pairs, from de novo meta-analyses for 1 pair and single studies for 28 pairs. Dose-response relationships were available for tobacco (fetal and infant death, congenital heart defects, birth outcomes, orofacial clefts, respiratory health), lead (asthma, cognition, delayed puberty onset and iron deficiency anaemia), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) (cognition, respiratory infections and birth outcomes), bisphenol A (cognition), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (respiratory health), Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (neurodevelopment), DDT (hypospadias, cryptorchidism, miscarriage), pesticides (neurodevelopment), methylmercury (cognition), PFAS (immune system, birth weight, behavior, miscarriage), arsenic (cognition, birth weight, death, respiratory health), cadmium (cognition, birth weight), manganese (behavior), sodium (blood pressure) and thallium (birth weight). For 28 of the 78 substance-outcome pairs (36%), no dose-response relationship was available from epidemiological studies in children. CONCLUSIONS We identified dose-response relationships for 50 substance-outcome pairs, corresponding to 20 chemicals and 17 health outcomes. These can be used to perform more comprehensive quantitative health impact assessment of the exposome on child health. We also identified 28 substance-outcome pairs corresponding to 'likely' or 'very likely' effects for which research generating dose-response functions in children would be relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Rocabois
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Margaux Sanchez
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Amélie Crépet
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
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Abelenda-Alonso G, Calatayud L, Rombauts A, Meije Y, Oriol I, Sopena N, Padullés A, Niubó J, Duarte A, Llaberia J, Aranda J, Gudiol C, Satorra P, Tebé C, Ardanuy C, Carratalà J. Multiplex real-time PCR in non-invasive respiratory samples to reduce antibiotic use in community-acquired pneumonia: a randomised trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7098. [PMID: 39154071 PMCID: PMC11330507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed whether multiplex real-time PCR plus conventional microbiological testing is safe and more effective than conventional microbiological testing alone for reducing antibiotic use in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In this randomised trial, we recruited adults hospitalised with CAP at four Spanish hospitals. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to undergo either multiplex real-time PCR in non-invasive respiratory samples plus conventional microbiological testing or conventional microbiological testing alone. The primary endpoint was antibiotic use measured by days of antibiotic therapy (DOT). Between February 20, 2020, and April 24, 2023, 242 patients were enrolled; 119 were randomly assigned to multiplex real-time PCR plus conventional microbiological testing and 123 to conventional microbiological testing alone. All but one of the patients allocated to multiplex real-time PCR plus conventional microbiological testing underwent PCR, which was performed in sputum samples in 77 patients (65.2%) and in nasopharyngeal swabs in 41 (34.7%). The median DOT was 10.04 (IQR 7.98, 12.94) in the multiplex PCR plus conventional microbiological testing group and 11.33 (IQR 8.15, 16.16) in the conventional microbiological testing alone group (difference -1.04; 95% CI, -2.42 to 0.17; p = 0.093). No differences were observed in adverse events and 30-day mortality. Our findings do not support the routine implementation of multiplex real-time PCR in the initial microbiological testing in hospitalised patients with CAP. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT04158492.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Calatayud
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander Rombauts
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Meije
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Barcelona, Societat Cooperativa d'Instal.lacions Sanitàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Oriol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Sant Joan Despi Moises Broggi, Sant Joan Despi, Spain
| | - Nieves Sopena
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Padullés
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Niubó
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Duarte
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Barcelona, Societat Cooperativa d'Instal.lacions Sanitàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Llaberia
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital de Barcelona, Societat Cooperativa d'Instal.lacions Sanitàries, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Aranda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Sant Joan Despi Moises Broggi, Sant Joan Despi, Spain
| | - Carlota Gudiol
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Satorra
- Biostatistics Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Tebé
- Biostatistics Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Ardanuy
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Carratalà
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Watanabe DK, Jarczok MN, Williams DP, Koenig J, Thayer JF. Evaluation of low vagally-mediated heart rate variability as an early marker of depression risk. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:146-154. [PMID: 39154979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both low vagally-mediated heart rate variability (HRV) and depression have been shown to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We recently identified an HRV cutpoint below which persons have an increased risk for several cardiometabolic disorders. However, no cutpoint exists to identify those at risk for depression. METHODS The association between daytime HRV and diagnostically validated depression cutoffs using the five-item World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) was examined in adults from the Mannheim Industrial Cohort Study (n = 9973; Mage = 41.9[10.9]; 20 % women [n = 1934]). The aim was to identify HRV cutpoints for individuals who may have clinical depression. RESULTS Regression adjusting for age, sex, and linear trend showed a significant quadratic association between depression, indexed by WHO-5 scores and HRV, indexed by the root mean square successive differences (RMSSD) in milliseconds (ms) (p < 0.001). Logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, and heart period (i.e., inter-beat intervals) compared the clinically depressed (WHO-5 ≤ 28) and those with a screening diagnosis of depression (WHO-5 ≤ 50) to the rest of the population. Significant odds ratios suggested two RMSSD values 25 ± 2 ms (OR = 1.39 [1.17, 1.64]) and 35 ± 2 ms (OR = 1.17 [1.02, 1.34]) that may be used to identify those with an elevated risk for depression. LIMITATIONS The sample was primarily German men. Fitness and anti-depressant use were not available. CONCLUSIONS As HRV is a brief measure that can be used in clinical settings, our HRV cutpoints have implications for the early detection of those at risk for psychological and cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcianne K Watanabe
- School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine, 5300 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Marc N Jarczok
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, Ulm D-89081, Germany
| | - DeWayne P Williams
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Julian Koenig
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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184
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Kuate Tegueu C, Dzudie Tamdja A, Kom F, Forgwa Barche B, Ebasone P, Magnerou M, Mbonda P, Fogang Y, Massi Gams D, Doumbe J, Husøy A, Steiner TJ. The burdens attributable to headache disorders in Cameroon: national estimates from a population-based door-to-door survey, including a headache-care needs assessment. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:133. [PMID: 39152396 PMCID: PMC11330146 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown headache to be highly prevalent in Cameroon. Here we present the attributed burden. We also perform a headache-care needs assessment. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey among adults (18-65 years) in the general population. Multistage cluster-sampling in four regions (Centre, Littoral, West and Adamawa), home to almost half the country's population, generated a representative sample. We used the standardised methodology of the Global Campaign against Headache, including the HARDSHIP questionnaire, with diagnostic questions based on ICHD-3 and enquiries into symptom burden, impaired participation (lost productivity and disengagement from social activity), quality of life (QoL) using WHOQoL-8, and willingness to pay (WTP) for effective care. We defined headache care "need" in terms of likelihood of benefit, counting all those with probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH) or other headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15 +), with migraine on ≥ 3 days/month, or with migraine or tension-type headache (TTH) and meeting either of two criteria: a) proportion of time in ictal state (pTIS) > 3.3% and intensity ≥ 2 (moderate-to-severe); or b) ≥ 3 lost days from paid and/or household work in the preceding 3 months. RESULTS Among 3,100 participants, mean frequency of any headache was 6.7 days/month, mean duration 13.0 h and mean intensity 2.3 (moderate). Mean pTIS was 9.8%, which (with prevalence factored in) diluted to 6.1-7.4% of all time in the population. Most time was spent with H15 + (5.3% of all time), followed by TTH (1.0%) and migraine (0.8%). For all headache, mean lost days/3 months were 3.4 from paid work, 3.0 from household work and 0.6 from social/leisure activities, diluting to 2.5, 2.2 and 0.6 days/3 months in the population. QoL (no headache: 27.9/40) was adversely impacted by pMOH (25.0) and other H15 + (26.0) but not by migraine (28.0) or TTH (28.0). WTP (maximally XAF 4,462.40 [USD 7.65] per month) was not significantly different between headache types. An estimated 37.0% of adult Cameroonians need headache care. CONCLUSION Headache disorders in Cameroon are not only prevalent but also associated with high attributed burden, with heavily impaired participation. Headache-care needs are very high, but so are the economic costs of not providing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callixte Kuate Tegueu
- Department of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie Tamdja
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Franklin Kom
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Blaise Forgwa Barche
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Peter Ebasone
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mélanie Magnerou
- Department of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Paul Mbonda
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yannick Fogang
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Daniel Massi Gams
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jacques Doumbe
- Department of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Andreas Husøy
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Edvard Griegs Gate, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timothy J Steiner
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Edvard Griegs Gate, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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185
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Xu X, Zheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Gai W, Yang Z. Utility of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases in Critically Ill Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:3579-3591. [PMID: 39165848 PMCID: PMC11334925 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s472129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Infections cause high rates of illness and death in children worldwide. However, studies on the clinical value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for immunocompromised children are still limited. Patients and Methods From June 2021 to December 2023, 119 samples were collected at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a single-center pediatric hospital and classified into two groups based on their immune states. We compared the diagnostic performance of mNGS and conventional microbiological test (CMT) for pathogen identification, and assessed the clinical impacts of mNGS. Results Among the 119 samples, 48 (40.34%) belonged to the immunocompromised children. mNGS had a higher positivity rate than CMT (76.47% vs 55.46%, P = 0.0006). The positive percent agreement (PPA) of mNGS for immunocompromised children was higher compared to immunocompetent children (95.24% vs 77.78%). The most common pathogens for immunocompromised patients were gram-negative bacteria and herpesvirus. However, immunocompetent children showed a higher detection rate for gram-positive bacteria and respiratory viruses. Furthermore, the proportions of the positive impact of mNGS results were significantly higher in immunocompromised patients compared to immunocompetent patients for both diagnosis (91.67% vs 57.75%) and treatment (95.83% vs 64.79%) (P < 0.0001). Immunocompromised state, length of hospital stays, times stay in ICU, Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score, neutrophil percentage (NEUT%) and the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) were considered independent factors for poor prognosis in critically ill pediatric patients. Conclusion In patients from PICU, mNGS had a greater clinical significance in immunocompromised children compared to immunocompetent children. mNGS technology is an important auxiliary method for achieving accurate diagnosis and treatment of critically ill pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Xu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafeng Zheng
- WillingMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- WillingMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenmei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Gai
- WillingMed Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihao Yang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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186
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Greenwood EE, Lauber T, van den Hoogen J, Donmez A, Bain RES, Johnston R, Crowther TW, Julian TR. Mapping safe drinking water use in low- and middle-income countries. Science 2024; 385:784-790. [PMID: 39146419 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Safe drinking water access is a human right, but data on safely managed drinking water services (SMDWS) is lacking for more than half of the global population. We estimate SMDWS use in 135 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) at subnational levels with a geospatial modeling approach, combining existing household survey data with available global geospatial datasets. We estimate that only one in three people used SMDWS in LMICs in 2020 and identified fecal contamination as the primary limiting factor affecting almost half of the population of LMICs. Our results are relevant for raising awareness about the challenges and limitations of current global monitoring approaches and demonstrating how globally available geospatial data can be leveraged to fill data gaps and identify priority areas in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther E Greenwood
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Lauber
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johan van den Hoogen
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ayca Donmez
- Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert E S Bain
- Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY, USA
- Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa, United Nations Children's Fund, Amman, Jordan
| | - Richard Johnston
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothy R Julian
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwill, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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187
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Schell M, Mayer C, Woo MS, Leischner H, Fischer M, Grensemann J, Kluge S, Czorlich P, Gerloff C, Fiehler J, Thomalla G, Flottmann F, Schweingruber N. Fluid excess on intensive care unit after mechanical thrombectomy after acute ischemic stroke is associated with unfavorable neurological and functional outcomes: An observational cohort study. Eur Stroke J 2024:23969873241271642. [PMID: 39150156 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241271642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endovascular thrombectomy stands as a pivotal component in the standard care for patients experiencing acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion. Subsequent care for patients often extends to a neurological intensive care unit. While fluid management is integral to intensive care, the association between early fluid balance and neurological and functional outcomes post-thrombectomy has not yet been thoroughly investigated. METHODS In a retrospective analysis of an observational, single-center study spanning from 2015 to 2021 at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, we enrolled stroke patients who underwent thrombectomy and received subsequent treatment in the ICU. Unfavorable functional and neurological outcome was defined as a mRS > 2 on day 90 after admission (mRS d90) or NIHSS > 5 at discharge, respectively. A multivariate regression model, adjusting for confounders, utilized the average fluid balance in the first 5 days to predict outcomes. Patients were dichotomized by their average fluid balance (>1 L vs <1 L) within the first 5 days, and a multivariate mRS d90 shift analysis was conducted after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2021, 1252 patients underwent thrombectomy, and 553 patients met the inclusion criteria (299 women [54%]). Unfavorable functional outcome was significantly associated with a higher daily average fluid balance in the first 5 days in the ICU (mRS d90 ⩽ 2: 0.3 ± 0.5 L, mRS d90 > 2: 0.7 ± 0.7 L, p = 0.02). The same association was observed for the NIHSS at discharge (NIHSS ⩽ 5: 0.3 ± 0.5 L; NIHSS > 5: 0.6 ± 0.6 L; p = 0.03). The mRS d90 shift analysis revealed significance for patients with an average fluid balance <1 L for better functional outcomes (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.54-3.07; p < 0.01). DISCUSSION Fluid retention in post-thrombectomy stroke patients in the ICU is associated with poorer functional and neurological outcomes. Consequently, fluid retention emerges as an additional potential predictor for post-intervention stroke outcomes. Our findings provide an initial indication that preventing excessive fluid retention in stroke patients after endovascular thrombectomy could be beneficial for both functional and neurological recovery. Therefore, fluid retention might be an element to consider in optimizing fluid management for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schell
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Seungsu Woo
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannes Leischner
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Fischer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Grensemann
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kluge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Czorlich
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Flottmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Schweingruber
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Zhang J, Zhao Y, Yan L, Tan M, Jin Y, Yin Y, Han L, Ma X, Li Y, Yang T, Jiang T, Li H. Corosolic acid attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury through the PHB2/PINK1/parkin/mitophagy pathway. iScience 2024; 27:110448. [PMID: 39091464 PMCID: PMC11293524 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, myocardial infarction remains the leading cause of heart failure and death worldwide, and the restoration of coronary blood flow can also cause heart damage. In this study, we found that corosolic acid (CA), also known as plant insulin, significantly protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. In addition, CA can inhibit oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial structure and function in cardiomyocytes. Subsequently, our study demonstrated that CA improved the expression of the mitophagy-related proteins Prohibitin 2 (PHB2), PTEN-induced putative kinase protein-1 (PINK1), and Parkin. Meanwhile, through molecular docking, we found an excellent binding between CA and PHB2 protein. Finally, the knockdown of PHB2 eliminated the protective effect of CA on hypoxia-reoxygenation in cardiomyocytes. Taken together, our study reveals that CA increases mitophagy in cardiomyocytes via the PHB2/PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway, inhibits oxidative stress response, and maintains mitochondrial function, thereby improving cardiac function after I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Tianke Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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189
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Trichia E, MacLean F, Perez-Cornago A, Tong TYN, Emberson JR, Key TJ, Lewington S, Carter JL. Associations of fruit intake with adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers in UK Biobank. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2227. [PMID: 39148062 PMCID: PMC11328357 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit consumption has been associated with a lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the cross-sectional and prospective associations of fruit consumption with markers of adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, low-grade inflammation, glycaemia, and oxidative stress. METHODS The main analyses included 365 534 middle-aged adults from the UK Biobank at baseline, of whom 11 510, and 38 988 were included in the first and second follow-up respectively, free from CVD and cancer at baseline. Fruit consumption frequency at baseline was assessed using a questionnaire. We assessed the cross-sectional and prospective associations of fruit with adiposity (body mass index, waist circumference and %body fat), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipids (low-density and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B), glycaemia (haemoglobin A1c), low-grade inflammation (C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress (gamma-glutamyl-transferase) using linear regression models adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Analyses were repeated in a subset with two to five complete 24-h dietary assessments (n = 26 596) allowing for adjustment for total energy intake. RESULTS Fruit consumption at baseline generally showed weak inverse associations with adiposity and biomarkers at baseline. Most of these relationships did not persist through follow-up, except for inverse associations with diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, gamma-glutamyl transferase and adiposity. However, for most mechanisms, mean levels varied by less than 0.1 standard deviations (SD) between high and low fruit consumption (> 3 vs < 1 servings/day) in further adjusted models (while the difference was < 0.2 SD for all of them). For example, waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure were 1 cm and 1 mmHg lower in high compared to low fruit intake at the first follow-up (95% confidence interval: -1.8, -0.1 and -1.8, -0.3, respectively). Analyses in the 24-h dietary assessment subset showed overall similar associations. CONCLUSIONS We observed very small differences in adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers between those who reported high fruit consumption vs low, most of which did not persist over follow-up. Future studies on other mechanisms and detailed assessment of confounding might further elucidate the relevance of fruit to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Trichia
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona MacLean
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jonathan R Emberson
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Lewington
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer L Carter
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Health Data Research UK, University of Oxford (HDRUK-Oxford), Oxford, UK.
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190
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Kruckow S, Tolstrup JS. All cause and cause specific mortality in 15-24-year-olds in Denmark 2010 to 2022: nationwide study of socioeconomic predictors. BMJ MEDICINE 2024; 3:e000685. [PMID: 39175917 PMCID: PMC11340248 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective To assess inequalities in all cause and cause specific mortality in young people and if there are differences across gender and age groups. Design Nationwide cohort study of socioeconomic predictors. Setting Denmark, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2022. Participants All Danes of ages 15 to 24 years during the study period summing to a total of 9 314 807 person years and 2297 deaths. Participant and parental information were linked to obtain information on socioeconomic background to investigate differences in parents' educational level, employment status, and family's disposable income, using annually updated nationwide registers. Main outcome measures All cause and cause specific mortality including natural deaths (ie, medical conditions and diseases) and unnatural deaths (accidents, suicides, and homicides). Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Overall mortality rate was 24.7 (95% CI 23.7 to 25.7) and higher for men (33.2 (31.5 to 34.8)) compared with women (15.8 (14.6 to 16.9)). All cause and cause specific mortality were higher in financially disadvantaged groups compared with more affluent groups, and consistently so for all three measures of socioeconomic position. Results generally reflected a dose dependent association showing a higher mortality with lower levels of socioeconomic position. For instance, incidence rate ratios of all cause mortality related to parents' education was 2.3 (95% CI 2.0 to 2.7) for elementary level, 1.5 (1.3 to 1.6) for low, and 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4) for medium level as compared with high level. For deaths, incidence rate ratios of elementary education level compared with the most well educated group were 2.2 (1.5 to 3.2) for natural causes, 3.3 (2.5 to 4.4) for accidents, 1.6 (1.2 to 2.2) for suicides, and 3.1 (0.8 to 12) for homicides. Associations were similar in strata of men and women and by age group (15-17 v 18-24 years). Mortality in young men was considerably higher than in young women for all of the causes. Conclusion Young people from disadvantaged backgrounds have a markedly higher mortality from all causes than those from more affluent families. The socioeconomic position of their parents was associated with premature mortality in a dose dependent manner meaning that this effect is not only a concern for marginalised groups. Public health attention should be directed to respond to these inequities by strengthening advocacy for adolescent health, ensuring focus on adolescents in health policies and strategies, using the response to adolescent health as an indicator of equity, and prioritising research into the underlying mechanisms linking socioeconomic position in adolescence and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kruckow
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne S Tolstrup
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hulland EN, Charpignon ML, El Hayek GY, Zhao L, Desai AN, Majumder MS. Estimating time-varying cholera transmission and oral cholera vaccine effectiveness in Haiti and Cameroon, 2021-2023. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.12.24308792. [PMID: 39185512 PMCID: PMC11343247 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.24308792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
In 2023, cholera affected approximately 1 million people and caused more than 5000 deaths globally, predominantly in low-income and conflict settings. In recent years, the number of new cholera outbreaks has grown rapidly. Further, ongoing cholera outbreaks have been exacerbated by conflict, climate change, and poor infrastructure, resulting in prolonged crises. As a result, the demand for treatment and intervention is quickly outpacing existing resource availability. Prior to improved water and sanitation systems, cholera, a disease primarily transmitted via contaminated water sources, also routinely ravaged high-income countries. Crumbling infrastructure and climate change are now putting new locations at risk - even in high-income countries. Thus, understanding the transmission and prevention of cholera is critical. Combating cholera requires multiple interventions, the two most common being behavioral education and water treatment. Two-dose oral cholera vaccination (OCV) is often used as a complement to these interventions. Due to limited supply, countries have recently switched to single-dose vaccines (OCV1). One challenge lies in understanding where to allocate OCV1 in a timely manner, especially in settings lacking well-resourced public health surveillance systems. As cholera occurs and propagates in such locations, timely, accurate, and openly accessible outbreak data are typically inaccessible for disease modeling and subsequent decision-making. In this study, we demonstrated the value of open-access data to rapidly estimate cholera transmission and vaccine effectiveness. Specifically, we obtained non-machine readable (NMR) epidemic curves for recent cholera outbreaks in two countries, Haiti and Cameroon, from figures published in situation and disease outbreak news reports. We used computational digitization techniques to derive weekly counts of cholera cases, resulting in nominal differences when compared against the reported cumulative case counts (i.e., a relative error rate of 5.67% in Haiti and 0.54% in Cameroon). Given these digitized time series, we leveraged EpiEstim-an open-source modeling platform-to derive rapid estimates of time-varying disease transmission via the effective reproduction number ( R t ). To compare OCV1 effectiveness in the two considered countries, we additionally used VaxEstim, a recent extension of EpiEstim that facilitates the estimation of vaccine effectiveness via the relation among three inputs: the basic reproduction number ( R 0 ), R t , and vaccine coverage. Here, with Haiti and Cameroon as case studies, we demonstrated the first implementation of VaxEstim in low-resource settings. Importantly, we are the first to use VaxEstim with digitized data rather than traditional epidemic surveillance data. In the initial phase of the outbreak, weekly rolling average estimates of R t were elevated in both countries: 2.60 in Haiti [95% credible interval: 2.42-2.79] and 1.90 in Cameroon [1.14-2.95]. These values are largely consistent with previous estimates of R 0 in Haiti, where average values have ranged from 1.06 to 3.72, and in Cameroon, where average values have ranged from 1.10 to 3.50. In both Haiti and Cameroon, this initial period of high transmission preceded a longer period during which R t oscillated around the critical threshold of 1. Our results derived from VaxEstim suggest that Haiti had higher OCV1 effectiveness than Cameroon (75.32% effective [54.00-86.39%] vs. 54.88% [18.94-84.90%]). These estimates of OCV1 effectiveness are generally aligned with those derived from field studies conducted in other countries. Thus, our case study reinforces the validity of VaxEstim as an alternative to costly, time-consuming field studies of OCV1 effectiveness. Indeed, prior work in South Sudan, Bangladesh, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo reported OCV1 effectiveness ranging from approximately 40% to 80%. This work underscores the value of combining NMR sources of outbreak case data with computational techniques and the utility of VaxEstim for rapid, inexpensive estimation of vaccine effectiveness in data-poor outbreak settings.
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192
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Liu Q, Liu M, Liu J. Global associations between the use of basic drinking water and sanitation services with diarrhoeal disease incidence in 200 countries and territories from 2000 to 2019. Public Health 2024; 235:202-210. [PMID: 39153384 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Globally, billions of people do not have access to safely managed drinking water and sanitation services. Interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation and hygiene could reduce the incidence of diarrhoea in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the association between these services and the incidence of diarrhoea. STUDY DESIGN Worldwide, ecological observational study, utilising cross-sectional data. METHODS Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and World Bank were used in this study. Diarrhoeal disease episodes were defined as three or more loose bowel movements within 24 h. Estimated Annual Percentage Change was used to quantify trends in disease incidence over a specific time interval. Quasi-Poisson Generalised Linear Model was introduced to analyse the influence of basic drinking water and sanitation services on the incidence of diarrhoea. Subgroup analyses were carried out to determine potential variations in the incidence of diarrhoeal diseases according to sex, age and sociodemographic index (SDI) region. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2019, the incidence rate of global diarrhoea remained consistent, with regional variations linked to SDIs. A 1% increase in access to basic drinking water was associated with a 0.41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33%-0.50%) increase in the age-standardised incidence rate of diarrhoea; meanwhile, a 1% increase in sanitation service usage was associated with a 0.47% (95% CI, 0.40%-0.54%) reduction in the age-standardised incidence rate of diarrhoea. The correlation differed across SDI regions. The use of safely managed drinking water was associated with a reduction in diarrhoeal disease rates, but the effect was non-significant in High SDI regions. Higher diarrhoeal disease incidence was seen in younger and older populations. Individuals in the age groups 55-59 years and 10-14 years showed the greatest association of water service usage with diarrhoea, while an increase in sanitation service usage was related to decreased diarrhoea rates in most age groups, excluding children aged 5-14 years. CONCLUSIONS Emphasising initiatives to enhance water quality, elevate the standards of drinking water safety management, and strengthening related infrastructure development in global health policies and development plans could have a positive impact on overall global health. Such comprehensive interventions have the potential to not only prevent waterborne diseases but also elevate the general health status of societies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, Peking University, China; Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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Vegi ASF, Costa AC, Guedes LFF, Felisbino-Mendes MS, Malta DC, Machado IE. Burden of disease and costs for the Unified Health System in Brazil due to diseases whose alcohol consumption is a necessary cause: an ecological study. Public Health 2024; 235:187-193. [PMID: 39153382 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to quantify the health and economic impacts of alcohol consumption in Brazil for 2019. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study using secondary data sources. METHODS We calculated the disease burden using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study, which incorporated data from health surveys and hospital records. Costs were estimated based on direct expenses recorded in the Hospital and Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System, with data by sex, age group, cause, and Federative Units. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was a necessary cause for 30,355 deaths and approximately 1.69 million disability-adjusted life years in Brazil, representing 2.2% and 2.6% of the national totals, respectively. The impact was more pronounced among men, in the Northeast region and within the 40- to 64-year-old age group. The total costs attributed to these outcomes reached approximately Int$43.1 million, with hospital admissions accounting for 94.16% of these expenses. CONCLUSION In 2019, alcohol consumption had a significant impact on both the health of Brazilians and the expenses of the health system. As a preventable risk factor, alcohol consumption necessitates effective intersectoral strategies to mitigate its burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S F Vegi
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A C Costa
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L F F Guedes
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Felisbino-Mendes
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D C Malta
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - I E Machado
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Ouro Preto, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Alexander A, Malone B, Tower A. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Trauma Patients. J Surg Res 2024; 302:398-402. [PMID: 39153361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the era of rising antimicrobial resistance and successful protocols for empiric and prophylactic antimicrobial therapy in elective surgical procedures, it is important to consider the specific needs of the trauma population based on injury location, severity, and environmental exposures. In this study, we aim to compare outcomes of high-activation trauma patients who received antibiotics during initial evaluation with those who did not. METHODS A retrospective chart review of patients focusing on antimicrobial administration who presented as the highest trauma activation criteria during the year 2021 was conducted at a single urban institution. Patient demographic, injury, and outcome data ere collected through manual data abstraction from our institutional trauma registry. RESULTS Nearly half of all trauma patients in our study received antibiotics after initial evaluation and age was found to be significantly associated with antibiotic administration within the first 1.5 h. Young men with penetrating injuries were more likely to receive antibiotic treatment. Seventy-eight percent of patients who received early antibiotics underwent a procedure, while 61% of those who did not receive early antibiotics did not (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasize the importance of individualizing antibiotic treatment based on the patient's age and specific injury pattern. They also underscore the need for trauma providers to prioritize antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Alexander
- Texas Health Resources Harris Methodist Fort Worth, Department of Surgery, Fort Worth, Texas.
| | - Bethany Malone
- Texas Health Resources Harris Methodist Fort Worth, Department of Surgery, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Amelia Tower
- Texas Health Resources Harris Methodist Fort Worth, Department of Surgery, Fort Worth, Texas
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195
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Chen Y, Xie X, Ge Q, He X, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo Y, Geng C, Li X, Wang C. The global burden and trend of Clostridioides difficile and its association with world antibiotic consumption, 1990-2019. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04135. [PMID: 39148479 PMCID: PMC11327847 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To estimate the global trends and disease burden of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and its correlation with worldwide antibiotic consumption. Methods Clostridioides difficile infection and antibiotic consumption data were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, ResistanceMap-AntibiocUse, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System, and Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System. Jointpoint regression and age-period-cohort model were developed to show the global trends and burden of CDI. Correlation tests were calculated to explore the relationship between CDI and antibiotics. Results Globally, CDI is the most significant one with a high-rocketing burden increase rate among 13 pathogens causing diarrheal deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardised death rate (ASDR) increased from 0.19 in 1990 to 0.43 in 2019, in which the elderly and females are at higher risk. A rapid increase in ASDR in high to middle sociodemographic index (SDI) regions such as North America (average annual percentage change (AAPC) = 7.71%), Andean (AAPC = 7.82%), and Southern Latin America (AAPC = 11.08%) was identified. Antibiotic consumption has a significant positive correlation with CDI with different risk stratifications. Conclusions The global burden of CDI has continuously increased for the past 30 years, especially in high to middle-SDI regions. World antibiotic consumption showed a strong positive correlation with CDI with different risk stratification. More effective prevention and control measures should be implemented in these critical regions, with a specific emphasis on vulnerable populations, to mitigate the spread of epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoxi Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qintao Ge
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaogang He
- Translational Medical Research, Orthopaedics Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chong Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- Centre of Pancreatitis, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Herrerías-García A, Jacobo-Tovar E, Hernández-Robles CM, Guardado-Mendoza R. Pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance profiles in first-degree relatives of patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02352-8. [PMID: 39150512 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate insulin secretion and insulin resistance profiles in individuals with family history of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate clinical and metabolic profiles between individuals with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes and their relatives. There were 911 subjects divided into five groups: (i) normoglycemic (NG), (ii) type 2 diabetes, (iii) prediabetes, (iv) first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (famT2D), and (v) first-degree relatives of patients with prediabetes (famPD); anthropometrical, biochemical and nutritional evaluation, as well as insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function measurement was performed by oral glucose tolerance to compare between groups. RESULTS The most prevalent type 2 diabetes risk factors were dyslipidemia (81%), family history of type 2 diabetes (76%), central obesity (73%), male sex (63%), and sedentary lifestyle (60%), and most of them were progressively associated to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes groups. Insulin sensitivity was lower in famT2D groups in comparison to NG group (p < 0.0001). FamPD and famT2D had a 10% lower pancreatic beta cell function (DI) than the NG group (NG group 2.78 ± 1.0, famPD 2.5 ± 0.85, famT2D 2.4 ± 0.75, p˂0.001). CONCLUSIONS FamPD and famT2D patients had lower pancreatic beta cell function than NG patients, highlighting that defects in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity appear long time before the development of hyperglycemia in patients genetically predisposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaid Herrerías-García
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio 1001, Predio San Carlos, 37670, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Jacobo-Tovar
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio 1001, Predio San Carlos, 37670, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Claudia Mariana Hernández-Robles
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio 1001, Predio San Carlos, 37670, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Blvd. Milenio 1001, Predio San Carlos, 37670, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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Huang H, Hou J, Xing B, Xi B. Accelerated aging: The hidden harm of microplastic exposure. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:2357-2361. [PMID: 38902176 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiaqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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Tao C, Liu Z, Fan Y, Yuan Y, Wang X, Qiao Z, Li Z, Xu Q, Lou Z, Wang H, Li X, Li R, Lu C. Estimating neighborhood-based mortality risk associated with air pollution: A prospective study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134861. [PMID: 38870855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Effect modification of integrated neighborhood environment on associations of air pollution with mortality remained unclear. We analyzed data from UK biobank prospective study (n = 421,650, median 12.5 years follow-up) to examine disparities of mortality risk associated with air pollution among varied neighborhood settings. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PM10 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were measured and assigned to each participants' address. Diverse ecological and societal settings of neighborhoods were integrated with principal component analysis and categorized into disadvantaged, intermediate and advantaged levels. We estimated mortality risk associated with air pollution across diverse neighborhoods using Cox regression. We calculated community-level proportions of mortality attributable to air pollutants. There was evidence of higher all-cause and respiratory disease mortality risk associated with PM2.5 and NO2 among those in disadvantaged neighborhoods. In disadvantaged communities, air pollutants explained larger proportions of deaths and such disparities persisted over past decades. Across 2010-2021, reducing PM2.5 and NO2 to 10 μg/m3 (World Health Organization limits) would save 87,000 (52,000-120,000) and 91,000 (37,000-145,000) deaths of populations aged ≥ 40 years, with 150 000 deaths occurred in disadvantaged neighborhood settings. These findings suggested that disadvantaged neighborhoods can exacerbate mortality risk associated with air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhe Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhaoyin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yiting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ziyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhe Lou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Ruiyun Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Nakhostin-Ansari A, Razavi E, Seifi S, Ahmadi M, Hoveidaei AH, Nalini M, Gandomkar A, Malekzadeh F, Poustchi H, Fattahi MR, Anushiravani A, Malekzadeh R. The association between anthropometric indices and ischemic heart disease: a large-scale cross-sectional study on the Iranian population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18950. [PMID: 39147775 PMCID: PMC11327363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the superiority of anthropometric indices compared to others for predicting ischemic heart disease (IHD) or cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the Pars Cohort Study data. In total, 9229 Valashahr inhabitants aged 40-75 were included in the analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analyses was used to compare the predictive accuracy of four anthropometric measures, including body mass index, waist to height ratio (WHtR), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC). IHD prevalence was 10.4% in our sample. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome was 12.7%, 29.2%, 58.4%, and 22.3%, respectively. All anthropometric indices had poor to good accuracy in predicting IHD risk factors, with AUCs ranging between 0.580 and 0.818. WHR was the most accurate measure for predicting IHD in both genders. All indexes had a better accuracy for predicting DM, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in males than in females. To conclude, anthropometric measures, especially WC and WHtR, are recommended for predicting metabolic syndrome in primary prevention settings. These simple indices could help physicians find those who need further evaluation for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Nakhostin-Ansari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Razavi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shakiba Seifi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Human Hoveidaei
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Nalini
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abdollah Gandomkar
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Malekzadeh
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Anushiravani
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North Kargar Ave, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen F, Yang Y, Yu L, Song L, Zhang J, Wang X, Jin X, Ma W, Zhang B. Lifestyle, air pollution, and risk of multimorbidity in a prospective analysis of the UK Biobank cohort. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35768. [PMID: 39170448 PMCID: PMC11337018 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although associations between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and lifestyle factors or air pollution factors (referred as LAFs below) are well-established, it is unclear the influences of LAFs on the trajectory of IHD and COPD multimorbidity (referred as ICM below). Therefore, this study investigated the influences of LAFs on the trajectory of ICM from healthy to IHD or COPD, to ICM, and to all-cause death. Methods A cohort of 339,213 participants from the UK Biobank aged 37-73 who were free of IHD and COPD were included. A multi-state model was used to analyse the influences of high-risk factors including current smoking or quitting due to illness or physician's advice, current excessive alcohol drinking, physical inactivity, unhealthy body shape, and excessive air pollution with particulates matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on ICM trajectory. Results During a median follow-up of 13.74 years, 46,398 participants developed IHD or COPD (referred as IOC below), 3949 developed ICM, and 35,691 died from any cause. All five high-risk factors played crucial but different roles in these transitions. The hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) per one-factor increase were 1.29 (1.27-1.3), 1.38 (1.33-1.44), and 1.69 (1.56-1.84) for transitions from baseline to IOC, from IOC to ICM, and from baseline to ICM and 1.19 (1.17-1.21), 1.18 (1.15-1.21), and 1.12 (1.05-1.19) for mortality risk from baseline to all-cause death, from IOC to all-cause death, and from ICM to all-cause death, respectively. Conclusions Our study revealed that LAFs have a stronger impact on morbidity outcomes than on morbidity outcomes. These findings provide evidence to develop strategies for managing the trajectory of ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xian Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wanlu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 Yinghuayuan East Street, Hepingli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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