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Parihar A, Vishwakarma P, Khan R. Miniaturized MXene-based electrochemical biosensors for virus detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108700. [PMID: 38582009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The timely control of infectious diseases can prevent the spread of infections and mitigate the significant socio-economic damage witnessed during recent pandemics. Diagnostic methods play a significant role in detecting highly contagious agents, such as viruses, to prevent further transmission. The emergence of advanced point-of-care techniques offers several advantages over conventional approaches for detecting infectious agents. These techniques are highly sensitive, rapid, can be miniaturized, and are cost-effective. Recently, MXene-based 2D nanocomposites have proven beneficial for fabricating electrochemical biosensors due to their suitable electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. This article covers electrochemical biosensors based on MXene nanocomposite for the detection of viruses, along with the associated challenges and future possibilities. Additionally, we highlight various conventional techniques for the detection of infectious agents, discussing their pros and cons. We delve into the challenges faced during the fabrication of MXene-based biosensors and explore future endeavors. It is anticipated that the information presented in this work will pave the way for the development of Point-of-Care (POC) devices capable of sensitive and selective virus detection, enhancing preparedness for ongoing and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India
| | - Preeti Vishwakarma
- Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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152
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Codorniu A, Charbit E, Werner M, James A, Hanouz JL, Jost D, Severin A, Lang E, Pottecher J, Favreau M, Weiss E, Abback PS, Moyer JD. Comparison of mannitol and hypertonic saline solution for the treatment of suspected brain herniation during prehospital management of traumatic brain injury patients. Eur J Emerg Med 2024; 31:287-293. [PMID: 38691014 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Occurrence of mydriasis during the prehospital management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) may suggest severe intracranial hypertension (ICH) subsequent to brain herniation. The initiation of hyperosmolar therapy to reduce ICH and brain herniation is recommended. Whether mannitol or hypertonic saline solution (HSS) should be preferred is unknown. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to assess whether HSS, compared with mannitol, is associated with improved survival in adult trauma patients with TBI and mydriasis. DESIGN/SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective observational cohort study using the French Traumabase national registry to compare the ICU mortality of patients receiving either HSS or mannitol. Patients aged 16 years or older with moderate to severe TBI who presented with mydriasis during prehospital management were included. OUTCOME MEASURES AND ANALYSIS We performed propensity score matching on a priori selected variables [i.e. age, sex and initial Coma Glasgow Scale (GCS)] with a ratio of 1 : 3 to ensure comparability between the two groups. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. The secondary outcomes were regression of pupillary abnormality during prehospital management, pulsatility index and diastolic velocity on transcranial Doppler within 24 h after TBI, early ICU mortality (within 48 h), ICU and hospital length of stay. RESULTS Of 31 579 patients recorded in the registry between 2011 and 2021, 1417 presented with prehospital mydriasis and were included: 1172 (82.7%) received mannitol and 245 (17.3%) received HSS. After propensity score matching, 720 in the mannitol group matched 240 patients in the HSS group. Median age was 41 years [interquartile ranges (IQR) 26-60], 1058 were men (73%) and median GCS was 4 (IQR 3-6). No significant difference was observed in terms of characteristics and prehospital management between the two groups. ICU mortality was lower in the HSS group (45%) than in the mannitol group (54%) after matching [odds ratio (OR) 0.68 (0.5-0.9), P = 0.014]. No differences were identified between the groups in terms of secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION In this propensity-matched observational study, the prehospital osmotherapy with HSS in TBI patients with prehospital mydriasis was associated with a lower ICU mortality compared to osmotherapy with mannitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Codorniu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP Nord, Paris
| | - Emilie Charbit
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP Nord, Paris
| | - Marie Werner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, APH-HP, Bicêtre Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre
| | - Arthur James
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris
| | - Jean-Luc Hanouz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Caen University Hospital, Avenue de la cote de Nacre, Caen
| | - Daniel Jost
- Emergency Medical Department, Fire Brigade of Paris
| | - Armelle Severin
- SAMU des Hauts-de-Seine - SMUR Raymond Poincaré, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP)
| | - Elodie Lang
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris Cité University, Paris
| | - Julien Pottecher
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, ER 3072, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg
| | - Malory Favreau
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris
| | - Emmanuel Weiss
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP Nord, Paris
| | - Paer Selim Abback
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, CHU Tours, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Denis Moyer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Caen University Hospital, Avenue de la cote de Nacre, Caen
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153
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Huang N, Li N, Zhuang Z, Song Z, Wang W, Dong X, Xiao W, Li Y, Zhao Y, Huang T. Women's reproductive risk score and healthy lifestyle modification in cardiovascular disease: Findings from the UK Biobank. Atherosclerosis 2024; 395:117553. [PMID: 38811283 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reproductive risk factors are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women. However, the combined effects of the composite reproductive risk factors on CVD are unknown. This study was performed to construct a reproductive risk score (RRS) to measure reproductive status, examine the association between RRS and CVD, and explore the modification effect of healthy lifestyle on the association in women in the UK Biobank cohort. METHODS The RRS was constructed in 74,141 female participants with data about the items derived for the RRS in the UK Biobank. The RRS was derived from 17 baseline variables, all of which indicated women's reproductive health status. We defined four categories of RRS status: low-risk group (score 0-1); low-intermediate group (score 2-3); high-intermediate group (score 4-5); and high-risk group (score 6-13). We also constructed a healthy lifestyle score (HLS) with five related factors, and categorized into unhealthy lifestyle group (score: 0-1), intermediate lifestyle group (score: 2-3) and healthy lifestyle group (score: 4-5). RESULTS Each point increase in the RRS was associated with a 22 % higher risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.22; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.16 to 1.28), 23 % higher risk of IHD (1.23; 1.17 to 1.31) and 19 % higher risk of stroke (1.19; 1.07 to 1.32). The percentage population-attribution risks (PAR%) were 16 % (95 % CI: 8 to 24) for CVD, 15 % (95 % CI: 6 to 24) for IHD and 18 % (95 % CI: 1 to 33) for stroke. A healthy lifestyle significantly attenuated RRS associations with the incidence of CVD and IHD. The attributable proportions due to additive interaction (p < 0.001) between RRS and HLS were 0.14 (95 % CI: 0.07 to 0.22) for CVD and 0.15 (95 % CI: 0.09 to 0.23) for IHD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS High RRS was associated with increased risks of CVD, IHD and stroke in female participants in the UK Biobank. The early-stage identification of women with reproductive risk using synthesised indicators and appropriate healthy lifestyle interventions could be useful for the prevention of early CVD and the extension of healthy active life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhenhuang Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zimin Song
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wendi Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yimin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, China.
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154
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He Y, Jin W, Wan H, Zhang L, Yu L. Research progress on immune-related therapeutic targets of brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia. Cytokine 2024; 180:156651. [PMID: 38761715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability. The innate immune response occurs immediately after cerebral ischemia, resulting in adaptive immunity. More and more experimental evidence has proved that the immune response caused by cerebral ischemia plays an important role in early brain injury and later the recovery of brain injury. Innate immune cells and adaptive cells promote the occurrence of cerebral ischemic injury but also protect brain cells. A large number of studies have shown that cytokines and immune-related substances also have dual functions of promoting injury, reducing injury, or promoting injury recovery in the later stage of cerebral ischemia. They can be an important target for treating cerebral ischemic recovery. Therefore, this study discussed the immune cells, cytokines, and immune-related substances with dual roles in cerebral ischemia and summarized the therapeutic targets of cerebral ischemia. To explore more effective methods to treat cerebral ischemia, promote the recovery of brain function, and improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejia He
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weifeng Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lijiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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155
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Wang Y, Peng M, Hu C, Zhan Y, Yao Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Y. Excess deaths and loss of life expectancy attributed to long-term NO 2 exposure in the Chinese elderly. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116627. [PMID: 38925032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence linking nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution to life span of high-vulnerability older adults is extensively scarce in low- and middle-income countries. This study seeks to quantify mortality risk, excess deaths, and loss of life expectancy (LLE) associated with long-term exposure to NO2 among elderly individuals in China. METHODS A nationwide dynamic cohort of 20352 respondents ≥65 years old were enrolled from the China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey during 2005-2018. Residential exposures to NO2 and co-pollutants were assessed by well-validated spatiotemporal prediction models. A Cox regression model with time-dependent covariates was utilized to quantify the association of all-cause mortality with NO2 exposure, controlling for confounders such as demographics, lifestyle, health status, and ambient temperature. NO2-attributable deaths and LLE were evaluated for the years 2010 and 2020 based on the pooled NO2-mortality relation derived from multi-national cohort investigations. Decomposition analyses were conducted to dissociate net shift in NO2-related deaths between 2010 and 2020 into four primary contributing factors. RESULTS A total of 14313 deaths were recorded during follow-up of approximately 100 hundred person-years (median 3.6 years). We observed an approximately linear relationship (nonlinear P = 0.882) of NO2 exposure with all-cause death across a broad range from 6.6 to 95.7 μg/m3. Every 10-μg/m3 rise in yearly average NO2 concentration was linked to a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.045 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.031-1.059). In the updated meta-analysis of this study and 9 existing cohorts, we estimated a pooled HR of 1.043 (95% CI: 1.023-1.063) for each 10-μg/m3 growth in NO2. Reaching a 10-μg/m3 counterfactual target of NO2 concentration in China could avoid 0.33 (95% empirical CI: 0.19-0.49) million premature deaths and an LLE of 0.40 (95% empirical CI: 0.23-0.59) years in 2010, which greatly dropped to 0.24 (95% empirical CI: 0.14-0.36) million deaths and 0.21 (95% empirical CI: 0.12-0.31) years of LLE in 2020. The net fall in NO2-attributable deaths (-26.8%) between 2010 and 2020 was primarily driven by the declines in both NO2 concentration (-41.6%) and mortality rate (-27.1%) under population growth (+41.0%) and age structure transition (+0.9%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide national evidence for increased risk of premature death and loss of life expectancy attributed to later-life NO2 exposure among the elderly in China. In an accelerated aging society, strengthened clean air actions should be formulated to minimize the health burden and regional inequality in NO2-attributable mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wang
- Institute of Social Development and Health Management, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Minjin Peng
- Department of Outpatient, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Chengyang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Institute of Social Development and Health Management, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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156
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Zhu W, Dong J, Han Y. Electroacupuncture Downregulating Neuronal Ferroptosis in MCAO/R Rats by Activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2105-2119. [PMID: 38819696 PMCID: PMC11233380 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke involves various pathological processes, among which ferroptosis is crucial. Previous studies by our group have indicated that electroacupuncture (EA) mitigates ferroptosis after ischemic stroke; however, the precise mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In the present study, we developed a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. We chose the main acupoint of the treatment methods of the "Awakening and Opening of the Brain". Rats' neurological function and motor coordination were evaluated by neurological function score and the rotarod test, respectively, and the volume of cerebral infarction was analyzed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride Staining. The cerebrovascular conditions were visualized by time-of-flight magentic resonance angiography. In addition, we detected changes in lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidant activity by measuring the malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase activities, glutathione/oxidized glutathione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ratios. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, western blot, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, fluoro-jade B staining, immunofluorescence analysis, and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to examine the influence of EA. The results indicate that EA treatment was effective in reversing neurological impairment, neuronal damage, and protecting mitochondrial morphology and decreasing the cerebral infarct volume in the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion rat model. EA reduced iron levels, inhibited lipid peroxidation, increased endogenous antioxidant activity, modulated the expression of several ferroptosis-related proteins, and promoted nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation. However, the protective effect of EA was hindered by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. These findings suggest that EA can suppress ferroptosis and decrease damage caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by activating Nrf2 and increasing the protein expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 and glutathione peroxidase 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Institute of Neurology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianjian Dong
- Institute of Neurology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongsheng Han
- Institute of Neurology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
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157
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Bennema AN, Schiphorst Preuper HR, Krops LA, Timmerman H, Reneman MF. Temporal relationships between pain, functioning, and human assumed central sensitization in patients with chronic low back pain; a single-case design. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2024; 72:102966. [PMID: 38714148 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation (IPR) aims to improve functioning in people with chronic low back pain (CLBP), and is not primary aimed at pain reduction. Many patients however also report a decrease in pain. An explanation could be that IPR results in a decrease in Central Sensitization (CS). As CS is not directly assessable in humans the term Human Assumed Central Sensitization (HACS) is used in this study. It is unknown whether a decrease in HACS precedes a decrease in pain and improved functioning or vice versa. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to gain understanding into the temporal relationships between changes in pain, functioning, and HACS in patients with CLBP during IPR. DESIGN Longitudinal observational small-N-study. METHOD Twelve patients filled in frequently repeated self-reports 1 week before, during the 12-week IPR program, and 2 weeks after IPR. Pain was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale for pain (daily), functioning by Pain Disability Index (weekly) and Work Ability Score (daily), and HACS by Central Sensitization Inventory part A (bi-weekly). Analyses were performed by visual inspection and time series cross-correlation analyses. RESULTS Visual inspection showed large fluctuations within and between individual participants in patterns over time. Cross-correlation analyses showed that in most participants, relationships between pain, functioning, and HACS were strongest when analyzed at the same time (55% of comparisons). Strength and direction of (strongest) correlations showed high interindividual variability (neg: 0.33-0.97; pos: 0.22-0.99). CONCLUSION Overall, relationships between pain, functioning, and HACS did not show consistent temporality in patients with CLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nel Bennema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Leonie Adriana Krops
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Timmerman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Anesthesiology Pain Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Felix Reneman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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158
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Ohshima M, Moriguchi T, Enmi JI, Kawashima H, Koshino K, Zeniya T, Tsuji M, Iida H. [ 123I]CLINDE SPECT as a neuroinflammation imaging approach in a rat model of stroke. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114843. [PMID: 38823675 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Poststroke neuroinflammation exacerbates disease progression. [11C]PK11195-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used to visualize neuroinflammation; however, its short half-life of 20 min limits its clinical use. [123I]CLINDE has a longer half-life (13h); therefore, [123I]CLINDE-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging is potentially more practical than [11C]PK11195-PET imaging in clinical settings. The objectives of this study were to 1) validate neuroinflammation imaging using [123I]CLINDE and 2) investigate the mechanisms underlying stroke in association with neuroinflammation using multimodal techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), gas-PET, and histological analysis, in a rat model of ischemic stroke, that is, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAo). At 6 days post-pMCAo, [123I]CLINDE-SPECT considerably corresponded to the immunohistochemical images stained with the CD68 antibody (a marker for microglia/microphages), comparable to the level observed in [11C]PK11195-PET images. In addition, the [123I]CLINDE-SPECT images corresponded well with autoradiography images. Rats with severe infarcts, as defined by MRI, exhibited marked neuroinflammation in the peri-infarct area and less neuroinflammation in the ischemic core, accompanied by a substantial reduction in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in 15O-gas-PET. Rats with moderate-to-mild infarcts exhibited neuroinflammation in the ischemic core, where CMRO2 levels were mildly reduced. This study demonstrates that [123I]CLINDE-SPECT imaging is suitable for neuroinflammation imaging and that the distribution of neuroinflammation varies depending on the severity of infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Ohshima
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Karolinska Institute, Visionsgatan 4, Solna 171 64, Sweden
| | - Tetsuaki Moriguchi
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Enmi
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kawashima
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagi-Shichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koshino
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Systems and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, 59-2 Nishi-nopporo, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Zeniya
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuji
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University, 35 Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto 605-8501, Japan.
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, and Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
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159
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Ilic I, Ilic M. The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latin America, 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study. Public Health 2024; 233:74-82. [PMID: 38852206 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Latin America. STUDY DESIGN An ecological study design was applied. METHODS The data on T2DM (i.e. incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years [DALYs], years lived with disability [YLDs] and years of life lost [YLLs]) were extracted from the Global Burden Disease 2019 study. To assess the trends, the average annual percentage change was computed using the joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS Approximately 2.3 million new cases of T2DM were diagnosed in Latin America in 2019, with about 214,000 deaths. The age-standardised rates of T2DM burden in 2019 were highest in Central Latin America. Incidence of T2DM has increased in both males and females in Latin America over the last three decades, while mortality has increased only in males. Of particular concern are the significant increasing trends in the incidence of T2DM among individuals in the young age and middle age groups (15-64 years) in both men and in women. Increasing trends in the burden of T2DM were observed in almost all countries of Andean Latin America, the Caribbean and Central Latin America (in particular, in Guatemala, where T2DM incidence increased by 2.4% per year, mortality by 3.7%, DALYs by 3.4%, YLDs by 2.7% and YLLs by 3.8%). CONCLUSIONS T2DM is an important health issue in Latin America due to the high mortality and disability burdens and the impact on life expectancy and quality of life of the population. Unfavourable trends in T2DM burden highlight the need to introduce effective public health disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ilic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - M Ilic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia.
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Lu J, Gong S, Zhu J, Fang Q. Relationships between obesity and functional outcome after ischemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization study. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:3869-3877. [PMID: 38466476 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07415-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Most previous studies suggested obesity deteriorates the functional outcome after ischemic stroke. But there are researches claiming that obesity is associated with lower mortality, recurrence, and readmission rates, which is known as the obesity paradox. Our current research aimed to investigate the correlation between genetically obesity and the post-stroke outcome with the Mendelian randomization (MR) method. METHODS The UK Biobank and the GIANT consortium provided instrumental variables for body mass index (BMI, 806,834 individuals) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, 697,734 individuals). Data of functional outcome after ischemic stroke were obtained from the Genetics of Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcome network (6012 individuals). Inverse-variance weighted approach was utilized as the primary analyses. Sensitivity analyses involved the utilization of different MR methods. The heterogeneity among genetic variants was assessed by I2 and Q value statistics. RESULTS In univariable analysis, there was a significant connection between genetic susceptibility to WHR and worse functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 3) after ischemic stroke (OR [95%CI] = 1.47 [1.07, 2.02], P = 0.016). Genetic liability to BMI and was not associated with post-stroke functional outcome (all P > 0.05). The overall patterns between genetic liability to WHR and functional outcome post-ischemic outcome no longer existed in the multivariable MR analysis after adjusting for BMI (OR [95%CI] = 1.26[0.76,1.67], P = 0.56). CONCLUSION The current MR study provided evidence that WHR was correlated to unfavorable outcome post-ischemic stroke. Exploring interventions against obesity may potentially improve recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyi Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Siqi Gong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Juehua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, China.
- Department of Neurology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, 9 Chongwen Road, Suzhou, 215125, China.
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Leiter LA, Raal FJ, Schwartz GG, Koenig W, Ray KK, Landmesser U, Han J, Conde LG, Wright RS. Inclisiran in individuals with diabetes or obesity: Post hoc pooled analyses of the ORION-9, ORION-10 and ORION-11 Phase 3 randomized trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3223-3237. [PMID: 38757725 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To conduct a pooled analysis of Phase 3 trials investigating the efficacy and safety of inclisiran across glycaemic and body mass index (BMI) strata. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive 300 mg inclisiran sodium or placebo twice yearly, after initial and 3-month doses up to 18 months, with background oral lipid-lowering therapy. Analyses were stratified by glycaemic status (normoglycaemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) or BMI (<25, ≥25 to <30, ≥30 to <35, and ≥35 kg/m2). Co-primary endpoints were percentage and time-adjusted percentage change in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from baseline. Safety was also assessed. RESULTS Baseline characteristics were balanced between treatment arms and across strata. Percent LDL cholesterol change (placebo-corrected) with inclisiran from baseline to Day 510 ranged from -47.6% to -51.9% and from -48.8% to -54.4% across glycaemic/BMI strata, respectively. Similarly, time-adjusted percentage changes after Day 90 and up to Day 540 ranged from -46.8% to -52.0% and from -48.6% to -53.3% across glycaemic/BMI strata, respectively. Inclisiran led to significant reductions in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and other atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins versus placebo across the glycaemic/BMI strata. The proportions of individuals achieving LDL cholesterol thresholds of <1.8 mmol/L and <1.4 mmol/L with inclisiran increased with increasing glycaemic and BMI strata. Across the glycaemic/BMI strata, a higher proportion of individuals had mild/moderate treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) at the injection site with inclisiran (2.8%-7.7%) versus placebo (0.2%-2.1%). CONCLUSION Inclisiran provided substantial and sustained LDL cholesterol lowering across glycaemic/BMI strata, with a modest excess of transient mild-to-moderate TEAEs at the injection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Leiter
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Frederick J Raal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gregory G Schwartz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Friede Springer Cardiovascular Prevention Center od Charité, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jackie Han
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - R Scott Wright
- Division of Preventive Cardiology and Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Shyanti RK, Greggs J, Malik S, Mishra M. Gut dysbiosis impacts the immune system and promotes prostate cancer. Immunol Lett 2024; 268:106883. [PMID: 38852888 PMCID: PMC11249078 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a system of microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal (GI) system, consisting of trillions of microorganisms residing in epithelial surfaces of the body. Gut microbiota are exposed to various external and internal factors and form a unique gut-associated immunity maintained through a balancing act among diverse groups of microorganisms. The role of microbiota in dysbiosis of the gut in aiding prostate cancer development has created an urgency for extending research toward comprehension and preventative measures. The gut microbiota varies among persons based on diet, race, genetic background, and geographic location. Bacteriome, mainly, has been linked to GI complications, metabolism, weight gain, and high blood sugar. Studies have shown that manipulating the microbiome (bacteriome, virome, and mycobiome) through the dietary intake of phytochemicals positively influences physical and emotional health, preventing and delaying diseases caused by microbiota. In this review, we discuss the wealth of knowledge about the GI tract and factors associated with dysbiosis-mediated compromised gut immunity. This review also focuses on the relationship of dysbiosis to prostate cancer, the impact of microbial metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on host health, and the phytochemicals improving health while inhibiting prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritis K Shyanti
- Cancer Biology Research and Training Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, AL 36104, USA
| | - Jazmyn Greggs
- Cancer Biology Research and Training Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, AL 36104, USA
| | - Shalie Malik
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India
| | - Manoj Mishra
- Cancer Biology Research and Training Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, AL 36104, USA.
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163
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Wang L, Li X, Deng Z, Cai Q, Lei P, Xu H, Zhu S, Zhou T, Luo R, Zhang C, Yin Y, Zhang S, Wu N, Feng H, Hu R. Neuroendoscopic Parafascicular Evacuation of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (NESICH Technique): A Multicenter Technical Experience with Preliminary Findings. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:1259-1271. [PMID: 38914793 PMCID: PMC11263518 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe manifestation of stroke, demonstrating notably elevated global mortality and morbidity. Thus far, effective therapeutic strategies for ICH have proven elusive. Currently, minimally invasive techniques are widely employed for ICH management, particularly using endoscopic hematoma evacuation in cases of deep ICH. Exploration of strategies to achieve meticulous surgery and diminish iatrogenic harm, especially to the corticospinal tract, with the objective of enhancing the neurological prognosis of patients, needs further efforts. METHODS We comprehensively collected detailed demographic, clinical, radiographic, surgical, and postoperative treatment and recovery data for patients who underwent endoscopic hematoma removal. This thorough inclusion of data intends to offer a comprehensive overview of our technical experience in this study. RESULTS One hundred fifty-four eligible patients with deep supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent endoscopic hematoma removal were included in this study. The mean hematoma volume was 42 ml, with 74 instances of left-sided hematoma and 80 cases of right-sided hematoma. The median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission was 10 (range from 4 to 15), and the median time from symptom onset to surgery was 18 (range 2 to 96) h. The mean hematoma clearance rate was 89%. The rebleeding and mortality rates within 1 month after surgery were 3.2% and 7.8%, respectively. At the 6-month mark, the proportion of patients with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 0-3 was 58.4%. CONCLUSION Both the reduction of surgery-related injury and the protection of the residual corticospinal tract through endoscopic hematoma removal may potentially enhance neurological functional outcomes in patients with deep ICH, warranting validation in a forthcoming multicenter clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Siping Central People's Hospital, Siping, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhongyong Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuzhou Gongren Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Qiang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Pan Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hejiang County People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dazhu County People's Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tengyuan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuixian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Jin X, Dong S, Yang Y, Bao G, Ma H. Nominating novel proteins for anxiety via integrating human brain proteomes and genome-wide association study. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:129-137. [PMID: 38697224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying pathogenesis of anxiety remain elusive, making the pinpointing of potential therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for anxiety paramount to its efficient treatment. METHODS We undertook a proteome-wide association study (PWAS), fusing human brain proteomes from both discovery (ROS/MAP; N = 376) and validation cohorts (Banner; N = 152) with anxiety genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Complementing this, we executed transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) leveraging human brain transcriptomic data from the Common Mind Consortium (CMC) to discern the confluence of genetic influences spanning both proteomic and transcriptomic levels. We further scrutinized significant genes through a suite of methodologies. RESULTS We discerned 14 genes instrumental in the genesis of anxiety through their specific cis-regulated brain protein abundance. Out of these, 6 were corroborated in the confirmatory PWAS, with 4 also showing associations with anxiety via their cis-regulated brain mRNA levels. A heightened confidence level was attributed to 5 genes (RAB27B, CCDC92, BTN2A1, TMEM106B, and DOC2A), taking into account corroborative evidence from both the confirmatory PWAS and TWAS, coupled with insights from mendelian randomization analysis and colocalization evaluations. A majority of the identified genes manifest in brain regions intricately linked to anxiety and predominantly partake in lysosomal metabolic processes. LIMITATIONS The limited scope of the brain proteome reference datasets, stemming from a relatively modest sample size, potentially curtails our grasp on the entire gamut of genetic effects. CONCLUSION The genes pinpointed in our research present a promising groundwork for crafting therapeutic interventions and diagnostic tools for anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangyu Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haochuan Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Dos Anjos Souza VR, Vivan L, Seffrin A, Vallini L, de Paula Domingos F, de Lira CAB, Vancini RL, Weiss K, Rosemann T, Knechtle B, Andrade MS. Impact of aging on maximal oxygen uptake in female runners and sedentary controls. Exp Gerontol 2024; 193:112476. [PMID: 38830478 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare V̇O2max (absolute, adjusted to total body mass, and adjusted to lean mass) in recreational runners and sedentary women < and > 50 yr and verify the effect of aging and physical activity level on the three types of V̇O2 max expression. The study included 147 women:85 runners (45.7 ± 14.1 yr) and 62 sedentary controls (48.8 ± 9.8 yr). They were subjected to cardiopulmonary exercise testing for V̇O2 max measurement and a body composition test by dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry system. V̇O2max were expressed as absolute values (L/min), relative to total body mass values (mL/kg/min), and relative to lean mass values (mL/kgLM/min). The two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction [F(2,131) = 4.43, p < 0.001] and effects of age group [F(2,131) = 32.79, p < 0.001] and physical activity group [F(2,131) = 55.64, p < 0.001] on V̇O2max (mL/min). V̇O2max (mL/kg/min) and V̇O2 max (mL/kgLM/min) were significantly influenced by age and physical activity levels. The multiple regression model explains 76.2 % of the dependent variable V̇O2max (mL/kg/min), age (β = -0.335, t = -7.841, p < 0.001), and physical activity group (β = -0.784, t = -18.351, p < 0.001). In conclusion, female runners had higher V̇O2 max values than sedentary women at all ages, even though aging has a greater impact on V̇O2 max in the runners group. In addition to cardiorespiratory fitness, women's metabolic lean mass function, as measured by V̇O2max adjusted by lean mass, is significantly influenced by aging. Finally, physical activity has a greater impact on V̇O2 max levels than aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lavínia Vivan
- Postgraduate Program in Translation Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Seffrin
- Postgraduate Program in Translation Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucca Vallini
- Postgraduate Program in Translation Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio de Paula Domingos
- Postgraduate Program in Translation Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira
- Human and Exercise Physiology Division, Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Center for Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Katja Weiss
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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He Q, Yin Z, Chen Y, Wu Y, Pan D, Cui Y, Zhang Z, Ma H, Li X, Shen C, Qin J, Wang S. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury by promoting mitophagy in a Gao-binge mouse model of alcohol-associated liver disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167259. [PMID: 38796918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of liver disease-related deaths worldwide. Unfortunately, approved medications for the treatment of this condition are quite limited. One promising candidate is the anthocyanin, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), which has been reported to protect mice against hepatic lipid accumulation, as well as fibrosis in different animal models. However, the specific effects and mechanisms of C3G on ALD remain to be investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this report, a Gao-binge mouse model of ALD was used to investigate the effects of C3G on ethanol-induced liver injury. The mechanisms of these C3G effects were assessed using AML12 hepatocytes. RESULTS C3G administration ameliorated ethanol-induced liver injury by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress, as well as through reducing hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Mechanistically, C3G activated the AMPK pathway and enhanced mitophagy to eliminate damaged mitochondria, thus reducing mitochondria-derived reactive oxidative species in ethanol-challenged hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that mitophagy plays a potentially important role underlying the hepatoprotective action of C3G, as demonstrated in a Gao-binge mouse model of ALD. Accordingly, C3G may serve as a promising, new therapeutic drug candidate for use in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoqing Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunling Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunxiao Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Di Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanhao Cui
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zinuo Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanyu Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuanji Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junfang Qin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shuanglian Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Gifford A, Griffiths MJ, Rodie P, Wilmshurst J, Ball J, Dunkley C, McLellan A, O'Callaghan F, Kirkpatrick M. Reducing epilepsy diagnostic and treatment gaps: Standardized paediatric epilepsy training courses for health care professionals. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:1045-1052. [PMID: 38297494 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate improvement in knowledge and clinical behaviour among healthcare professionals after attendance at paediatric epilepsy training (PET) courses. METHOD Since 2005, 1-day PET courses have taught evidence-based paediatric epilepsy management to doctors and nurses in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. A cohort study was performed of 7528 participants attending 252 1-day PET courses between 2005 and 2020 in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries, and which gathered data from participants immediately after the course and then 6 months later. Training outcomes were measured prospectively in three domains (reaction, learning, and behaviour) using a mixed-methods approach involving a feedback questionnaire, a knowledge quiz before and after the course, and a 6-month survey. RESULTS Ninety-eight per cent (7217 of 7395) of participants rated the course as excellent or good. Participants demonstrated knowledge gain, answering a significantly higher proportion of questions correctly after the course compared to before the course (88% [47 883 of 54 196], correct answers/all quiz answers, vs 75% [40 424 of 54 196]; p < 0.001). Most survey responders reported that the course had improved their epilepsy diagnosis and management (73% [311 of 425]), clinical service (68% [290 of 427]), and local epilepsy training (68% [290 of 427]). INTERPRETATION This was the largest evaluation of a global epilepsy training course. Participants reported high course satisfaction, showed knowledge gain, and described improvements in clinical behaviour 6 months later. PET supports the global reduction in the epilepsy 'treatment gap' as promoted by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Griffiths
- Paediatric Neuroscience, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jo Wilmshurst
- Paediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jessica Ball
- British Paediatric Neurology Association, London, UK
| | - Colin Dunkley
- Paediatric Department, Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Ailsa McLellan
- Department of Paediatric Neurosciences, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Finbar O'Callaghan
- Department of Neuroscience, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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Maeda T, Woodward M, Jun M, Sakamoto Y, Chen X, Matsushita K, Mancia G, Arima H, Anderson CS, Chalmers J, Harris K. Risk of recurrent stroke and dementia following acute stroke by changes in kidney function: results from the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study. J Hypertens 2024; 42:1313-1321. [PMID: 38690898 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exist on the relationship between declining kidney function and cardiovascular events, dementia, and mortality in patients with a history of stroke.Thus the aims of the study were to investigate functional relationships between dynamic kidney function change and cardiovascular outcomes, and clarify whether adding kidney parameters to conventional cardiovascular risk factors improves model discrimination. METHODS Post hoc analysis of the Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study (PROGRESS) clinical trial of blood pressure lowering for the secondary prevention of stroke. We examined the association between dynamic kidney function defined as percentage change (declines of >30%, and >0 to ≤30%, and increases of ≥0 to <30%, and ≥30%) in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 2 years and recurrent stroke, major cardiovascular events, dementia and all-cause death over the next 2 years using Cox proportional hazard models controlling for eGFR at registration and potential confounders. Restricted cubic splines were used to assess the functional relationships. C-statistics and Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) at 2 years were used to assess model discrimination. RESULTS In 4591 patients followed for a mean of approximately 2 years, 254 (5.5%) developed recurrent stroke, 391 (8.5%) had a major cardiovascular event, 221 (4.8%) developed dementia, and 271 (5.9%) died. Reverse J-like or U-like relationships were observed for percent declines in eGFR and outcomes. Using declines in eGFR of >0 to ≤30% as a reference, increased risks were evident for a greater decline (>30%) in relation to recurrent stroke [adjusted hazard ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-2.85], major cardiovascular event (2.24, 1.62-3.10) and all-cause death (2.09, 1.39-3.15). A larger increase (≥30%) in eGFR was also associated with a greater risk of all-cause death (1.96, 1.14-3.37). Improvements in the C-statistic were found by adding baseline eGFR and percent change compared with a model with conventional cardiovascular risk factors alone, for major cardiovascular events, dementia, and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Declining kidney function following an incident cerebrovascular event is associated with additional risk of a major cardiovascular events, dementia, and 2-year mortality. However, a large increase in kidney function was also found to be associated with a higher risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Maeda
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Min Jun
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Craig S Anderson
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Chalmers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katie Harris
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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169
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Smith ML, Wade JB, Wolstenholme J, Bajaj JS. Gut microbiome-brain-cirrhosis axis. Hepatology 2024; 80:465-485. [PMID: 36866864 PMCID: PMC10480351 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and fibrosis of liver tissue. Along with being the most common cause of liver failure and liver transplant, cirrhosis is a significant risk factor for several neuropsychiatric conditions. The most common of these is HE, which is characterized by cognitive and ataxic symptoms, resulting from the buildup of metabolic toxins with liver failure. However, cirrhosis patients also show a significantly increased risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, and for mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. In recent years, more attention has been played to communication between the ways the gut and liver communicate with each other and with the central nervous system, and the way these organs influence each other's function. This bidirectional communication has come to be known as the gut-liver-brain axis. The gut microbiome has emerged as a key mechanism affecting gut-liver, gut-brain, and brain-liver communication. Clinical studies and animal models have demonstrated the significant patterns of gut dysbiosis when cirrhosis is present, both with or without concomitant alcohol use disorder, and have provided compelling evidence that this dysbiosis also influences the cognitive and mood-related behaviors. In this review, we have summarized the pathophysiological and cognitive effects associated with cirrhosis, links to cirrhosis-associated disruption of the gut microbiome, and the current evidence from clinical and preclinical studies for the modulation of the gut microbiome as a treatment for cirrhosis and associated neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren L Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - James B Wade
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jennifer Wolstenholme
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jasmohan S Bajaj
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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170
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Geslain G, Cointe A, Naudin J, Dauger S, Poey N, Pages J, Le Roux E, Bonacorsi S. Diagnostic Accuracy of Blind Bronchial Sample Testing by BioFire Pneumonia plus Panel in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Patients and Its Impact in Early Adaptation of Antimicrobial Therapy: A Prospective Observational Study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:725-730. [PMID: 38621162 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-acquired and nosocomial lower-respiratory-tract infections in critically ill pediatric patients require early appropriate antibiotic therapy to optimize outcomes. Using blind bronchial samples, we assessed the diagnostic performance of the rapid-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay BioFire Pneumonia plus Panel vs. reference standard culturing with antimicrobial susceptibility testing. METHODS For this prospective observational study in a single pediatric intensive care unit, we included consecutive patients younger than 18 years admitted for suspected community-, hospital- or ventilator-associated pneumonia in 2021-2022. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the multiplex PCR assay were determined. The kappa coefficient was computed to assess agreement, and univariate analyses were done to identify factors associated with discrepancies between the 2 diagnostic methods. RESULTS Of the 36 included patients (median age, 1.4 years; interquartile range, 0.2-9.2), 41.7%, 27.8%, and 30.5% had community-, hospital- and ventilator-associated pneumonia, respectively. The overall κ was 0.74, indicating good agreement. Overall, the sensitivity of the multiplex PCR assay was 92% (95% CI: 77%-98%) and specificity 95% (95% CI: 92%-97%), with variations across microorganisms. The median time from sample collection to antimicrobial susceptibility test results was 3.9 (2.5-15) hours with the multiplex PCR assay and 60.5 (47.6-72.2) hours with the reference technique. CONCLUSION The BioFire Pneumonia plus Panel used to test blind bronchial samples had satisfactory diagnostic performance in critically ill pediatric patients. The rapid results provided by this test may improve the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy and help minimize the use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Geslain
- From the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, IAME, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cointe
- Paris Cité University, IAME, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Department of Microbiology, Escherichia coli National Reference Center, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Naudin
- From the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Dauger
- From the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR 1141, Paris, France
| | - Nora Poey
- Department of General Paediatrics, Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Justine Pages
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, INSERM CIC 1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Enora Le Roux
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, INSERM CIC 1426, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bonacorsi
- Paris Cité University, IAME, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
- Department of Microbiology, Escherichia coli National Reference Center, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
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Shi Z, Han Z, Chen J, Zhou JC. Endoplasmic reticulum-resident selenoproteins and their roles in glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167246. [PMID: 38763408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Glucose and lipid metabolic disorders (GLMDs), such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and obesity, are significant public health issues that negatively impact human health. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a crucial role at the cellular level for lipid and sterol biosynthesis, intracellular calcium storage, and protein post-translational modifications. Imbalance and dysfunction of the ER can affect glucose and lipid metabolism. As an essential trace element, selenium contributes to various human physiological functions mainly through 25 types of selenoproteins (SELENOs). At least 10 SELENOs, with experimental and/or computational evidence, are predominantly found on the ER membrane or within its lumen. Two iodothyronine deiodinases (DIOs), DIO1 and DIO2, regulate the thyroid hormone deiodination in the thyroid and some external thyroid tissues, influencing glucose and lipid metabolism. Most of the other eight members maintain redox homeostasis in the ER. Especially, SELENOF, SELENOM, and SELENOS are involved in unfolded protein responses; SELENOI catalyzes phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis; SELENOK, SELENON, and SELENOT participate in calcium homeostasis regulation; and the biological significance of thioredoxin reductase 3 in the ER remains unexplored despite its established function in the thioredoxin system. This review examines recent research advances regarding ER SELENOs in GLMDs and aims to provide insights on ER-related pathology through SELENOs regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Shi
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ziyu Han
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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172
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Park Y, Lee I, Lee MJ, Park H, Jung GS, Kim N, Im W, Kim H, Lee JH, Cho S, Choi YS. Particulate matter exposure induces adverse effects on endometrium and fertility via aberrant inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in vitro and in vivo. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142466. [PMID: 38810796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of particulate matter (PM) exposure on endometrial cells and fertility and to identify possible underlying mechanisms. Thirteen women (aged 15-52 years) were included in this study. Enrolled patients underwent laparoscopic surgery at Gangnam Severance Hospital between 1 January and 31 December 2021. For in vivo experiments, 36 female and nine male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control(vehicle), low-dose(10 mg/kg/d), and high-dose exposure groups(20 mg/kg/d). PM was inhaled nasally for four weeks and natural mating was performed. NIST® SRM® 1648a was used for PM exposure. qRT-PCR, western blotting and Masson's trichrome staining were performed. PM treatment in human endometrial stromal cells induced inflammation with significant upregulation of IL-1β, p-NF-kB, and p-c-Jun compared to those of controls. Additionally, PM treatment significantly increased apoptosis in human endometrial stromal cells by downregulating p-AKT and upregulating p-p53/p53, Cas-3, BAX/Bcl-2, p-AMPK, and p-ERK. After PM treatment, the relative expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, p-NF-κB, p-c-Jun, and p-Nrf2/Nrf2 significantly increased in murine endometrium compared to those of the controls. Expression of apoptotic proteins p53, p27, and Cas-3, was also significantly elevated in murine endometrium of the PM exposure group compared to that of the controls. A significant increase in expression of procollagen Ⅰ, and Masson's trichrome staining scores in the murine endometrium was noted after PM treatment. PM treatment significantly decreased ERα expression. After natural mating, all 3 female mice in the control group gave birth to 25 offspring (mean 8.1), whereas in the low-dose PM treatment group, two of three female mice gave birth to nine offspring (mean 4.5). No pregnant mice or offspring was present in the high-dose PM treatment group. PM exposure induces adverse effects on the endometrium through aberrant activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways and is associated with detrimental effects on murine fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Inha Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea; Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea; Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Gee Soo Jung
- Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Kim
- Department of Medical Device Engineering and Management, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseok Im
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea; Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea; Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - SiHyun Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06229, Republic of Korea; Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Sik Choi
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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173
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Dong Y, Cao W, Wei J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Sun S, Hu F, Cai Y. Health effect of multiple air pollutant mixture on sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116634. [PMID: 38925034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the global aging process accelerates, the health challenges posed by sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults are becoming increasingly prominent. However, the available evidence on the adverse effects of air pollution on sarcopenia is limited, particularly in the Western Pacific region. This study aimed to explore relationships of multiple air pollutants with sarcopenia and related biomarkers using the nationally representative database. METHODS Totally, 6585 participants aged over 45 years were enrolled from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 3443 of them were followed up until 2015. Air pollutants were estimated from high-resolution satellite-based spatial-temporal models. In the cross-sectional analysis, we used generalized linear regression, unconditional logistic regression analytical and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods to assess the single-exposure and non-linear effects of multiple air pollutants on sarcopenia and related surrogate biomarkers (serum creatinine and cystatin C). Several popular mixture analysis techniques such as Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and quantile-based g-computation (Qgcomp) were further used to examinate the combined effects of multiple air pollutants. Logistic regression was used to further analyze the longitudinal association between air pollution and sarcopenia. RESULTS Each interquartile range increase in PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia, with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 1.09 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.20], 1.24 (95 % CI: 1.14, 1.35) and 1.18 (95 % CI: 1.08, 1.28), respectively. Our findings also showed that five air pollutants were significantly associated with the sarcopenia index. In addition, employing a mixture analysis approach, we confirmed significant combined effects of air pollution mixtures on sarcopenia risk and associated biomarkers, with PM10 and PM2.5 identified as major contributors to the combined effect. The results of the exposure-response (E-R) relationships, subgroup analysis, longitudinal analysis and sensitivity analysis all showed the unfavorable impact of air pollution on sarcopenia risk and related vulnerable populations. CONCLUSIONS Single-exposure and co-exposure to multiple air pollutants were positively associated with sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults in China. Our study provided new evidence that air pollution mixture was significantly associated with sarcopenia related biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqiao Dong
- Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, MD, United States
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yinghuan Zhang
- Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yong Cai
- Public Health Department, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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174
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Haslam DE, Mora S. Diet quality, front-of-pack labeling, and lipoprotein particle profiles. Atherosclerosis 2024; 395:117600. [PMID: 38853066 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Haslam
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samia Mora
- Center for Lipid Metabolomics, Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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175
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Rocha LP, Machado ÍE, Fogal AS, Malta DC, Velasquez-Melendez G, Felisbino-Mendes MS. Burden of disease and direct costs to the health system attributable to high body mass index in Brazil. Public Health 2024; 233:121-129. [PMID: 38870844 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excess weight, measured by a high body mass index (BMI), is associated with the onset of many diseases, which can, in turn, lead to disability and premature death, subsequently placing a significant burden on healthcare services. This study analysed the burden of disease and the direct costs to the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde [SUS]) attributable to high BMI in the Brazilian population. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study. METHODS This ecological study had two components: (1) a time-series assessment to analyse the burden of diseases attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2019 in Brazil; and (2) a cross-sectional design to estimate the direct costs of SUS hospitalisations and outpatient procedures attributable to high BMI in 2019. Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study and the costs of hospital admissions and outpatient procedures from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System were used. Deaths, years of life lost to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost adjusted for disability (DALYs) were analysed. The direct health cost was obtained in Brazilian Real (R$) and converted in international Dollars (INT$). RESULTS The current study found a reduction in the number of DALYs, YLLs, and deaths per 100,000 population of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributable to high BMI and an increase in YLD due to diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, high BMI resulted in 2404 DALYs, 658 YLDs, 1746 YLLs, and 76 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. In the same year, INT$377.30 million was spent on hospitalisations and high- and medium-complexity procedures to control non-communicable diseases attributable to high BMI. The states in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil presented the highest total cost per 10,000 inhabitants. CVDs and chronic kidney disease showed the highest costs per hospital admission, whereas neoplasms and CVDs presented the highest costs for outpatient procedures. CONCLUSIONS High BMI causes significant disease burden and financial costs. The highest expenses observed were not in locations with the highest burden of disease attributable to high BMI. These findings highlight the need to improve current public policies and apply cost-effective intervention packages, focussing on equity and the promotion of healthier lifestyles to reduce overweight/obesity, especially in localities with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Í E Machado
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A S Fogal
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D C Malta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G Velasquez-Melendez
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Felisbino-Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Yang H, Shi P, Li M, Liu S, Mou B, Xia Y, Sun J. Plasma proteome mediate the impact of PM 2.5 on stroke: A 2-step Mendelian randomization study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116624. [PMID: 38908058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to measure the mediation effect of plasma proteins and to clarify their mediating role in the relationship between stroke risk and particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure. The possible mediating role of plasma proteins on the causative link between PM2.5 exposure and stroke incidence were examined using a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach based on two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR). The findings revealed a significant positive causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and stroke, with an inverse variance weighted odds ratio of 1.219 (95 % CI: 1.002 - 1.482, P < 0.05). Additionally, a positive causal association was identified between PM2.5 exposure and several plasma proteins, including FAM134B, SAP, ITGB7, Elafin, and DCLK3. Among these, FAM134B, ITGB7, Elafin, and DCLK3 also demonstrated a positive causal association with stroke, whereas only SAP was found to be negatively causally associated with stroke. Remarkably, four plasma proteins, namely DCLK3, FAM134B, Elafin, and ITGB7, were identified as mediators, accounting for substantial proportions (14.5 %, 13.6 %, 11.1 %, and 9.9 %) of the causal association between PM2.5 and stroke. These results remained robust across various sensitivity analyses. Consequently, the study highlights the significant and independent impact of PM2.5 on stroke risk and identifies specific plasma proteins as potential targets for preventive interventions against PM2.5-induced stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuailing Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Baohua Mou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Yinglan Xia
- Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Souilla L, Amedro P, Morrison SA. Children With Cardiac Disease and Heat Exposure: Catastrophic Converging Consequences? Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024; 36:118-122. [PMID: 38171350 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2023-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The detrimental impact of extreme heat exposure on the health and well-being of children is widely acknowledged. The direct and indirect effects of climate change have led to an increased risk of certain cardiovascular events which may be particularly harmful to children who are born with, or develop, heart disease. PURPOSE To highlight the worrying paucity of investigative research aimed at differentiating how higher ambient temperatures further tax an already compromised cardiovascular system in children. METHODS This commentary describes basic thermoregulatory concepts relevant to the healthy pediatric population and summarizes common heart diseases observed in this population. RESULTS We describe how heat stress and exercise are important factors clinicians should more readily consider when treating children with heart disease. Countermeasures to physical inactivity are suggested for children, parents, clinicians, and policymakers to consider. CONCLUSIONS As sudden, excessive heat exposures continue to impact our rapidly warming world, vulnerable populations like children with underlying heart conditions are at greater heat health risk, especially when coupled with the negative physical activity and fitness trends observed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Souilla
- PhyMedExp, Inserm U 1046, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier,France
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, M3C Regional Reference Centre, University Hospital, Montpellier,France
| | - Pascal Amedro
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, M3C National Reference Center, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac,France
- Bordeaux Cardio-Thoracic Research Center, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Inserm U1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, Pessac,France
| | - Shawnda A Morrison
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Singapore
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178
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Sequeira M, Naughton F, Velleman R, Murthy P, D'souza J, Pacheco MG, Kamat AK, Gadiyar A, Sanjeevan V, Jain L, Nadkarni A. Perspectives of smokers, smokeless tobacco users and cessation practitioners in India: A qualitative study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 51:194-200. [PMID: 39034078 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION India is the second largest consumer of tobacco in the world and accounts for 70% of global deaths due to smokeless tobacco (SLT) use. AIM The aim of this study is to understand the perspectives of tobacco users (smokers and SLT users) and practitioners in India to inform cessation interventions. METHOD Semi-structured in-depth interviews with tobacco users (smoked and smokeless; n=23), and healthcare practitioners (n=13). Perspectives were triangulated using thematic analysis to examine convergence, divergence and complementarity of findings. RESULTS We present the results in a socio-ecological framework to highlight reasons for initiation and continuation of tobacco and motives to quit at the individual, interpersonal, occupational, societal and policy levels. SLT is seen as culturally acceptable compared to smoked forms of tobacco. Emotionally framed messages highlighting negative effects of tobacco on loved ones were perceived to be a better motivator than other types of cessation messages. DISCUSSION Nuanced differences exist between smokers and SLT user perspectives which have implications for cessation programs. Our findings supplement similar studies with other South Asian populations. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Our study provides useful insights to tailor cessation interventions to the type of tobacco consumed in order to enhance their acceptability and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sequeira
- Addictions and Related Research Group, Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India
| | - Felix Naughton
- Behavioural and Implementation Science Group, School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Richard Velleman
- Addictions and Related Research Group, Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India; Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, England, UK
| | - Pratima Murthy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Joseline D'souza
- Addictions and Related Research Group, Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India
| | | | - Amita Kenkre Kamat
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, India
| | - Akshatha Gadiyar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, India
| | - Vinita Sanjeevan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, India
| | - Latika Jain
- Addictions and Related Research Group, Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India
| | - Abhijit Nadkarni
- Addictions and Related Research Group, Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India; Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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179
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Fantin R, Sierra MS, Vaccarella S, Herrero R, Barboza-Solís C. Social gradient and rural-urban disparities in cancer mortality in Costa Rica. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 91:102604. [PMID: 38941875 PMCID: PMC11246819 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on social inequalities in cancer mortality are sparse, especially in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to analyze the socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality in Costa Rica between 2010 and 2018. METHODS We linked 9-years of data from the National Electoral Rolls, National Birth Index and National Death Index to classify deaths due to cancer and socioeconomic characteristics of the district of residence, as measured by levels of urbanicity and wealth. We analyzed the fifteen most frequent cancer sites in Costa Rica among the 2.7 million inhabitants aged 20 years and older. We used a parametric survival model based on a Gompertz distribution. RESULTS Compared to urban areas, mixed and rural area residents had lower mortality from pancreas, lung, breast, prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers, and higher mortality from stomach cancer. Mortality from stomach, lung and cervical cancer was higher, and mortality from colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia was lower in the most disadvantaged districts, compared to the wealthiest ones. CONCLUSION We observed marked disparities in cancer mortality in Costa Rica in particular from infection- and lifestyle- related cancers. There are important opportunities to reduce disparities in cancer mortality by targeting cancer prevention, early detection and opportune treatment, mainly in urban and disadvantaged districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Fantin
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica; Centro Centroamericano de Población, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
| | - Mónica S Sierra
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Rolando Herrero
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Fundación INCIENSA, San José, Costa Rica
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180
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Zhang M, Cui Q, Lü Y, Li W. A feature-aware multimodal framework with auto-fusion for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108740. [PMID: 38901184 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common dementias, has about 4.6 million new cases yearly worldwide. Due to the significant amount of suspected AD patients, early screening for the disease has become particularly important. There are diversified types of AD diagnosis data, such as cognitive tests, images, and risk factors, many prior investigations have primarily concentrated on integrating only high-dimensional features and simple fusion concatenation, resulting in less-than-optimal outcomes for AD diagnosis. Therefore, We propose an enhanced multimodal AD diagnostic framework comprising a feature-aware module and an automatic model fusion strategy (AMFS). To preserve the correlation and significance features within a low-dimensional space, the feature-aware module employs a low-dimensional SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) boosting feature selection as the initial step, following this analysis, diverse tiers of low-dimensional features are extracted from patients' biological data. Besides, in the high-dimensional stage, the feature-aware module integrates cross-modal attention mechanisms to capture subtle relationships among different cognitive domains, neuroimaging modalities, and risk factors. Subsequently, we integrate the aforementioned feature-aware module with graph convolutional networks (GCN) to address heterogeneous data in multimodal AD, while also possessing the capability to perceive relationships between different modalities. Lastly, our proposed AMFS autonomously learns optimal parameters for aligning two sub-models. The validation tests using two ADNI datasets show the high accuracies of 95.9% and 91.9% respectively, in AD diagnosis. The methods efficiently select features from multimodal AD data, optimizing model fusion for potential clinical assistance in diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwei Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Qiushi Cui
- College of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Yang Lü
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- College of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
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181
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Manser P, Herold F, de Bruin ED. Components of effective exergame-based training to improve cognitive functioning in middle-aged to older adults - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102385. [PMID: 38914262 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exergame-based training is currently considered a more promising training approach than conventional physical and/or cognitive training. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to provide quantitative evidence on dose-response relationships of specific exercise and training variables (training components) of exergame-based training on cognitive functioning in middle-aged to older adults (MOA). METHODS We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis including randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of exergame-based training to inactive control interventions on cognitive performance in MOA. RESULTS The systematic literature search identified 22,928 records of which 31 studies were included. The effectiveness of exergame-based training was significantly moderated by the following training components: body position for global cognitive functioning, the type of motor-cognitive training, training location, and training administration for complex attention, and exercise intensity for executive functions. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of exergame-based training was moderated by several training components that have in common that they enhance the ecological validity of the training (e.g., stepping movements in a standing position). Therefore, it seems paramount that future research focuses on developing innovative novel exergame-based training concepts that incorporate these (and other) training components to enhance their ecological validity and transferability to clinical practice. We provide specific evidence-based recommendations for the application of our research findings in research and practical settings and identified and discussed several areas of interest for future research. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023418593; prospectively registered, date of registration: 1 May 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Manser
- Motor Control and Learning Group - Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Motor Control and Learning Group - Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Health, OST - Eastern Swiss University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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182
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Ferreira M, Ebia MI, Reckamp KL. Early dose reduction of osimertinib in advanced EGFR -mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:672-679. [PMID: 38527329 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Osimertinib has become the standard of care for epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR )-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In order to prevent or treat toxicity, the osimertinib dose may be reduced. However, data regarding the impact of dose reduction during treatment are limited. We aimed to compare the efficacy of osimertinib early dose reduction during the first 3 months of treatment with late dose reduction in EGFR -mutated advanced NSCLC. This retrospective study included patients with EGFR -mutated advanced NSCLC who received osimertinib. We constituted two groups: 'early dose reduction' (early) with patients receiving a reduced dose of osimertinib from 80 to 40 mg within the 3 months of osimertinib initiation and 'late dose reduction' (late) with patients receiving a reduced dose after 3 months of full-dose treatment. Thirty-five patients were included, with 17 and 18 patients in the early and late groups, respectively, and a higher median age in the early group (76 vs. 67 years). The real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) at 1 year was 70.5% in the early group and 88.9% in the late group ( P = 0.31). Median rwPFS was 32.7 and 24.6 months ( P = 0.98), and the median overall survival was 46.9 versus not reached in early and late groups, respectively ( P = 0.17). Central nervous system rwPFS was not different between the early and late groups: 29.8 and 35.8 months, respectively ( P = 0.39). We showed that a reduced dose of osimertinib within the first 3 months of treatment, compared to a later reduced dose, could influence treatment response or patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ferreira
- Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Functional Exploration, University Hospital of Tours
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Tours, France
| | - Matthew I Ebia
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Karen L Reckamp
- Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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183
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Liu T, Zhang ZH, Zhou QH, Cheng QZ, Yang Y, Li JS, Zhang XM, Zhang JQ. MI-DenseCFNet: deep learning-based multimodal diagnosis models for Aureus and Aspergillus pneumonia. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:5066-5076. [PMID: 38231392 PMCID: PMC11254966 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To build and merge a diagnostic model called multi-input DenseNet fused with clinical features (MI-DenseCFNet) for discriminating between Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (SAP) and Aspergillus pneumonia (ASP) and to evaluate the significant correlation of each clinical feature in determining these two types of pneumonia using a random forest dichotomous diagnosis model. This will enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in distinguishing between SAP and ASP. METHODS In this study, 60 patients with clinically confirmed SAP and ASP, who were admitted to four large tertiary hospitals in Kunming, China, were included. Thoracic high-resolution CT lung windows of all patients were extracted from the picture archiving and communication system, and the corresponding clinical data of each patient were collected. RESULTS The MI-DenseCFNet diagnosis model demonstrates an internal validation set with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92. Its external validation set demonstrates an AUC of 0.83. The model requires only 10.24s to generate a categorical diagnosis and produce results from 20 cases of data. Compared with high-, mid-, and low-ranking radiologists, the model achieves accuracies of 78% vs. 75% vs. 60% vs. 40%. Eleven significant clinical features were screened by the random forest dichotomous diagnosis model. CONCLUSION The MI-DenseCFNet multimodal diagnosis model can effectively diagnose SAP and ASP, and its diagnostic performance significantly exceeds that of junior radiologists. The 11 important clinical features were screened in the constructed random forest dichotomous diagnostic model, providing a reference for clinicians. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT MI-DenseCFNet could provide diagnostic assistance for primary hospitals that do not have advanced radiologists, enabling patients with suspected infections like Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia or Aspergillus pneumonia to receive a quicker diagnosis and cut down on the abuse of antibiotics. KEY POINTS • MI-DenseCFNet combines deep learning neural networks with crucial clinical features to discern between Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia and Aspergillus pneumonia. • The comprehensive group had an area under the curve of 0.92, surpassing the proficiency of junior radiologists. • This model can enhance a primary radiologist's diagnostic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hua Zhang
- Medical Imaging Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hao Zhou
- School of Information, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Zhao Cheng
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Shu Li
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Qing Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, People's Republic of China.
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184
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Qin Y, Xuan L, Deng Y, Wang F, Liu B, Wang S. Triglyceride-glucose index and mortality risk in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease: Insights from a national survey of United States adults, 1999-2018. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1994-2001. [PMID: 38749783 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG) has been proposed as a predictor to mortality, yet its association remains incompletely understood for individuals with or without chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning the years 1999-2018. CKD was defined as eGFR level <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or urinary albumin creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. We employed the Cox proportional-hazards model to evaluate the incident risk of mortality associated with TyG among both non-CKD and CKD individuals. In the current analysis, 19,426 individuals were without CKD, while 2975 individuals had CKD. The overall mean TyG was 8.65, with significant difference between non-CKD and CKD individuals (8.60 vs 8.95, P < 0.001). The TyG index exhibited linear associations with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and all-cause mortality among non-CKD and CKD individuals, respectively. A per-unit increase in the TyG index was significantly associated with CVD mortality for both non-CKD (HR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.09-1.41) and CKD participants (HR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.04-1.36), with no significant difference in the associations between the two groups (P = 0.091). For both non-CKD and CKD participants, TyG index was significantly associated with CVD mortality and all-cause mortality among those with age <65, but not for those with age ≥65. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the TyG index's as a valuable predictive tool for assessing the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in both individuals with and without CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Xuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shujie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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185
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Yuan G, Nguyen TN, Liu L, Li R, Xia H, Long C, Wu J, Xu J, Huang F, He B, Wu D, Wang H, Feng C, Liang Y, Zhou X, Xiao Z, Luo L, Hu Y, Liu B, Peng W, Zhang C, Cui T, Zhao G, Xu L, Ma G, Hu W. Effect of Stroke Etiology on Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar-Artery Occlusion: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ATTENTION Randomized Trial. Stroke 2024; 55:1973-1981. [PMID: 39038096 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.124.047568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke etiology could influence the outcomes in patients with basilar-artery occlusion (BAO). This study aimed to evaluate the differences in efficacy and safety of best medical treatment (BMT) plus endovascular treatment (EVT) versus BMT alone in acute BAO across different stroke etiologies. METHODS The study was a post hoc analysis of the ATTENTION trial (Trial of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Basilar-Artery Occlusion), which was a multicenter, randomized trial at 36 centers in China from February 2021 to September 2022. Patients with acute BAO were classified into 3 groups according to stroke etiology (large-artery atherosclerosis [LAA], cardioembolism, and undetermined cause/other determined cause [UC/ODC]). The primary outcome was a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-3) at 90 days. Safety outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and 90-day mortality. RESULTS A total of 340 patients with BAO were included, 150 (44.1%) had LAA, 72 (21.2%) had cardioembolism, and 118 (34.7%) had UC/ODC. For patients treated with BMT plus EVT and BMT alone, respectively, the rate of favorable outcome at 90 days was 49.1% and 23.8% in the LAA group (odds ratio, 3.08 [95% CI, 1.38-6.89]); 52.2% and 30.8% in the cardioembolism group (odds ratio, 2.45 [95% CI, 0.89-6.77]); and 37.5% and 17.4% in the UC/ODC group (odds ratio, 2.85 [95% CI, 1.16-7.01]), with P=0.89 for the stroke etiology×treatment interaction. The rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in EVT-treated patients with LAA, cardioembolism, and UC/ODC was 8.3%, 2.2%, and 3.2%, respectively, and none of the BMT-treated patients. Lower 90-day mortality was observed in patients with EVT compared with BMT alone across 3 etiology groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with acute BAO, EVT compared with BMT alone might be associated with favorable outcomes and lower 90-day mortality, regardless of cardioembolism, LAA, or UC/ODC etiologies. The influence of stroke etiology on the benefit of EVT should be explored by further trials. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04751708.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxiong Yuan
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Boston Medical Center, MA (T.N.N.)
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China (R.L., C.Z., W.H.)
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Chen Long
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Junxiong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Bo He
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Derong Wu
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Hailing Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Can Feng
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Zhenhua Xiao
- Department of Emergency, Shaoshan People's Hospital, China (Z.X.)
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangtan Central Hospital, China (L. Luo)
| | - Yanjuan Hu
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Xiangtan, China (Y.H.)
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Weibo Peng
- Department of Emergency, Xiangtan Central Hospital (The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University), China (G.Y., L. Liu, H.X., C.L., J.W., J.X., F.H., B.H., D.W., H.W., C.F., Y.L., X.Z., B.L., W.P.)
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China (R.L., C.Z., W.H.)
| | - Tao Cui
- Department of Neurology, Taihe Country People's Hospital, Linquan, China (T.C.)
| | - Gaoshan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Linquan Country People's Hospital, China (G.Z.)
| | - Lihua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiamusi Central Hospital, China (L.X.)
| | - Gaoting Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (G.M.)
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Heifei, China (R.L., C.Z., W.H.)
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Belitardo de Oliveira A, Winter Schytz H, Fernando Prieto Peres M, Peres Mercante JP, Brunoni AR, Wang YP, Carmen B Molina MD, Koji Uchiyama L, Lotufo PA, Højland Jensen R, Benseñor IM, Härter Griep R, Goulart AC. Does physical activity and inflammation mediate the job stress-headache relationship? A sequential mediation analysis in the ELSA-Brasil study. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:187-198. [PMID: 38838834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that physical activity reduces stress and promote a myriad of health-enhancing effects through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, it is unknown whether these mechanisms interfere in the association between psychosocial job stress and headache disorders. OBJECTIVE To test whether physical activity and its interplay with the systemic inflammation biomarkers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and acute phase glycoproteins (GlycA) would mediate the associations between job stress and headache disorders. METHODS We cross-sectionally evaluated the baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) regarding job stress (higher demand and lower control and support subscales), migraine and tension-type headache (ICHD-2 criteria), self-reported leisure-time physical activity, and plasma hs-CRP and GlycA levels. Conditional process analyses with a sequential mediation approach were employed to compute path coefficients and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) around the indirect effects of physical activity and biomarkers on the job stress-headache relationship. Separate models were adjusted for sex, age, and depression and anxiety. Further adjustments added BMI smoking status, and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS In total, 7,644 people were included in the study. The 1-year prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache were 13.1 % and 49.4 %, respectively. In models adjusted for sex, age, anxiety, and depression, the association between job stress (lower job control) and migraine was mediated by physical activity [effect = -0.039 (95 %CI: -0.074, -0.010)] but not hs-CRP or GlycA. TTH was associated with higher job control and lower job demand, which was mediated by the inverse associations between physical activity and GlycA [Job Control: effect = 0.0005 (95 %CI: 0.0001, 0.0010); Job Demand: effect = 0.0003 (95 %CI: 0.0001, 0.0007]. Only the mediating effect of physical activity in the job stress-migraine link remained after further adjustments including socioeconomic factors, BMI, smoking, and the exclusion of major chronic diseases. CONCLUSION In the ELSA-Brasil study, physical activity reversed the link between job stress and migraine independently of systemic inflammation, while the LTPA-mediated downregulation of GlycA was associated with lower job stress-related TTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arão Belitardo de Oliveira
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Henrik Winter Schytz
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansens Vej 5, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Mario Fernando Prieto Peres
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, CEP: 05403-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627 - Jardim Leonor, CEP: 05652-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliane Prieto Peres Mercante
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, CEP: 05403-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627 - Jardim Leonor, CEP: 05652-900, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Brunoni
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, CEP: 05403-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César • CEP, 01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, CEP: 05403-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Del Carmen B Molina
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, R. Diogo de Vasconcelos, 122, Pilar, CEP: 35402-163, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Koji Uchiyama
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César • CEP, 01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rigmor Højland Jensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansens Vej 5, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Isabela M Benseñor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César • CEP, 01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosane Härter Griep
- Laboratório de Educação em Ambiente e Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365 - Manguinhos, CEP: 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 2565, Butantan-Cidade Universitária, CEP, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Little JA, Congdon NG, Resnikoff S, Braithwaite T, Leasher J, Naidoo K, Fricke T, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Parodi MB, Bikbov MM, Bron A, Cheng CY, Del Monte MA, Ehrlich JR, Ellwein LB, Friedman D, Furtado JM, Gazzard G, George R, Hartnett ME, Jonas JB, Kahloun R, Kempen JH, Khairallah M, Khanna RC, Kim JE, Lansingh VC, Nangia V, Nowak M, Pesudovs K, Peto T, Ramulu P, Topouzis F, Tsilimbaris M, Wang YX, Wang N, Bourne RRA, Little JA, Congdon NG, Resnikoff S, Braithwaite T, Leasher JL, Naidoo KS, Tahhan N, Fricke T, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Briant PS, Vos T, Flaxman S, Abate YH, Dolatabadi ZA, Abdelmasseh M, Abdollahi M, Abebe AM, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abrha WA, Ali HA, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Adal TGG, Adamu LH, Adderley NJ, Addo IY, Adekiya TA, Adhikari K, Adnani QES, Afzal S, Aghamiri S, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmadzadeh H, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Alahdab F, Albashtawy M, AlBataineh MT, Alemu T, Alfaar AS, Alhalaiqa FAN, Alhassan RK, Ali A, Ali SSS, Almidani L, Alzoubi KH, Androudi S, Anguita R, Anil A, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Asgedom AA, Ashemo MY, Ashraf T, Athari SS, Atinafu BTT, Wahbi Atout MM, Atreya A, Ayatollahi H, Azzam AY, Bagherieh S, Bai R, Baig AA, Bailey F, Baltatu OC, Barati S, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Bärnighausen TW, Barrow A, Parodi MB, Bayileyegn NS, Berhie AY, Bhadra A, Bhagavathula ASS, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bhatti GK, Bikbov M, Birck MG, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, dos Santos FLC, Carneiro VLA, Cenderadewi M, Chanie GS, Cherbuin N, Chu DT, Coberly K, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dascalu AM, Dastiridou A, Dejenie TA, Demeke D, Dereje D, Dervenis N, Devanbu VGC, Diaz D, Diress M, Do TC, Do THP, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Ehrlich JR, Ekholuenetale M, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, Emamian MH, Emamverdi M, Etemadimanesh A, Fagbamigbe AF, Farrokhpour H, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Desideri LF, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Forouhari A, Furtado JM, Gadanya MA, Gaidhane AM, Gandhi AP, Gebi TG, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremeskel GG, Gela YY, Yazdi BG, Falavarjani KG, Ghassemi F, Ghozy S, Golchin A, Golechha M, Goleij P, Guan SY, Gupta S, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Haile TG, Hammond BR, Harorani M, Hasaballah AI, Hasan I, Hasani H, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Heidari G, Heyi DZ, Holla R, Hosseinzadeh M, Hu C, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ilic IM, Immurana M, Islam SMS, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jakovljevic M, Janodia MD, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kamath S, Kandel H, Karaye IM, Kasraei H, Kaup S, Kaur H, Kaur N, Kayode GA, Kempen JH, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalilov R, Khan A, Khatatbeh MM, Khatib MN, Kibret BG, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kosen S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Bicer BK, Kumar N, Kutikuppala LVS, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lal DK, Lansingh VC, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lim SS, Liu X, Maharaj SB, Mahmoudi A, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Mansouri V, Marzo RR, Maugeri A, Meles GG, Mersha AM, Mestrovic T, Miller TR, Mirzaei M, Misganaw A, Misra S, Mithra P, Mohammadi S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadzadeh M, Mojiri-forushani H, Mokdad AH, Momeni-Moghaddam H, Montazeri F, Moradi M, Mousavi P, Murray CJL, Naik GR, Naik G, Natto ZS, Naveed M, Nayak BP, Negash H, Nejadghaderi SA, Nguyen DH, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Noman EA, Oancea B, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olufadewa II, Onwujekwe OE, Opejin AO, Ordak M, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Pardhan S, Parsaei A, Patel J, Pawar S, Perianayagam A, Perumalsamy N, Pesudovs K, Petcu IR, Pham HT, Pourazizi M, Prates EJS, Qattea I, Raghav PR, Rahman MHU, Rahman M, Ramasamy SK, Ramasubramani P, Rashidi MM, Redwan EMM, Rezaei N, Rodriguez JAB, Saadatian Z, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi S, Saghazadeh A, Sharif-Askari FS, Sharif-Askari NS, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Saylan M, Selvaraj S, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Shamim MA, Shashamo BB, Shiferaw WS, Shigematsu M, Shittu A, Shobeiri P, Shorofi SA, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Silva JC, Singh JA, Singh P, Sotoudeh H, Sousa RARC, Sreeramareddy CT, Tabish M, Taheri M, Tan Y, Taye BT, Temsah MH, Ticoalu JHV, Tillawi T, Tiruneh MG, Tsatsakis A, Tsegay GM, Tsilimbaris MK, Ty SS, Ubah CS, Umair M, Tahbaz SV, Valizadeh R, Viskadourou M, Wassie GT, Wickramasinghe ND, Wondimagegn GS, Yahya G, Yang L, Yao Y, Yiğit A, Yismaw Y, Yonemoto N, You Y, Zastrozhin MS, Zenebe GA, Zhang ZJ, Zhao H, Zielińska M, Zoladl M, Steinmetz JD, Bourne R. Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by Uncorrected Refractive Error: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2083-2101. [PMID: 38965322 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a readily treatable cause of visual impairment (VI). This study provides updated estimates of global and regional vision loss due to URE, presenting temporal change for VISION 2020 METHODS: Data from population-based eye disease surveys from 1980-2018 were collected. Hierarchical models estimated prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]) of blindness (presenting visual acuity (VA) < 3/60) and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60 ≤ presenting VA < 6/18) caused by URE, stratified by age, sex, region, and year. Near VI prevalence from uncorrected presbyopia was defined as presenting near VA < N6/N8 at 40 cm when best-corrected distance (VA ≥ 6/12). RESULTS In 2020, 3.7 million people (95%UI 3.10-4.29) were blind and 157 million (140-176) had MSVI due to URE, a 21.8% increase in blindness and 72.0% increase in MSVI since 2000. Age-standardised prevalence of URE blindness and MSVI decreased by 30.5% (30.7-30.3) and 2.4% (2.6-2.2) respectively during this time. In 2020, South Asia GBD super-region had the highest 50+ years age-standardised URE blindness (0.33% (0.26-0.40%)) and MSVI (10.3% (8.82-12.10%)) rates. The age-standardized ratio of women to men for URE blindness was 1.05:1.00 in 2020 and 1.03:1.00 in 2000. An estimated 419 million (295-562) people 50+ had near VI from uncorrected presbyopia, a +75.3% (74.6-76.0) increase from 2000 CONCLUSIONS: The number of cases of VI from URE substantively grew, even as age-standardised prevalence fell, since 2000, with a continued disproportionate burden by region and sex. Global population ageing will increase this burden, highlighting urgent need for novel approaches to refractive service delivery.
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Mountford R, Adler BL, Andersson D, Bashford-Rogers R, Berwick R, Bevan S, Caro X, Chung TH, Clark JD, Dawes JM, Dong X, Helyes Z, Kingery W, van Middendorp JJ, Neiland H, Maurer M, Scheibenbogen C, Schmack K, Schreiner T, Svensson CI, Tékus V, Goebel A. Antibody-mediated autoimmunity in symptom-based disorders: position statement and proceedings from an international workshop. Pain Rep 2024; 9:e1167. [PMID: 38873615 PMCID: PMC11175924 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A 2-day closed workshop was held in Liverpool, United Kingdom, to discuss the results of research concerning symptom-based disorders (SBDs) caused by autoantibodies, share technical knowledge, and consider future plans. Twenty-two speakers and 14 additional participants attended. This workshop set out to consolidate knowledge about the contribution of autoantibodies to SBDs. Persuasive evidence for a causative role of autoantibodies in disease often derives from experimental "passive transfer" approaches, as first established in neurological research. Here, serum immunoglobulin (IgM or IgG) is purified from donated blood and transferred to rodents, either systemically or intrathecally. Rodents are then assessed for the expression of phenotypes resembling the human condition; successful phenotype transfer is considered supportive of or proof for autoimmune pathology. Workshop participants discussed passive transfer models and wider evidence for autoantibody contribution to a range of SBDs. Clinical trials testing autoantibody reduction were presented. Cornerstones of both experimental approaches and clinical trial parameters in this field were distilled and presented in this article. Mounting evidence suggests that immunoglobulin transfer from patient donors often induces the respective SBD phenotype in rodents. Understanding antibody binding epitopes and downstream mechanisms will require substantial research efforts, but treatments to reduce antibody titres can already now be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mountford
- Pain Research Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Brittany L. Adler
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Andersson
- Wolfson SPaRC, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Berwick
- Pain Research Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Wolfson SPaRC, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Bevan
- Wolfson SPaRC, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Caro
- Southern California Fibromyalgia Research & Treatment Centre, Northridge Hospital Medical Center Professional Building, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tae Hwan Chung
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J. David Clark
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - John M. Dawes
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medial School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- HUNREN-PTE Chronic Pain Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., Pécs, Hungary
| | - Wade Kingery
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Harvey Neiland
- Pain Research Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Margot Maurer
- Wolfson SPaRC, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Scheibenbogen
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmack
- Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Camilla I. Svensson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valéria Tékus
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medial School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andreas Goebel
- Pain Research Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Martirosov AL, Giuliano C, Shupp M, Channey S, Kale-Pradhan PB. Zavegepant Intranasal Spray for Migraines. Ann Pharmacother 2024; 58:827-833. [PMID: 37897226 DOI: 10.1177/10600280231209439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of intranasal zavegepant in the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura. DATA SOURCE PubMed, Embase database, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following terms: Zavzpret, Zavegepant, BHV-3500, and migraine. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Articles published in English from January 2013 to September 2023 related to pharmacology, safety, efficacy, and clinical trials were assessed. DATA SYNTHESIS In a phase 2/3 trial, zavegepant 10 and 20 mg were more effective than placebo on primary endpoints of freedom of pain (22.5%, 23.1%, and 15.5%, respectively), and freedom from most bothersome symptoms (MBSs) (41.9%, 47.9%, and 33.7%, respectively) 2 hours after treatment. The incidence of adverse effects for both doses was similar to placebo. In a phase 3 trial, zavegepant 10 mg was compared with placebo. Two hours after treatment, more patients in the zavegepant group achieved pain freedom (24% vs 15%) and relief from MBSs (40% vs 31%) compared with placebo. Common adverse events included dysgeusia (21% zavegepant vs 5% placebo) and nasal discomfort (5% zavegepant vs 1% placebo). RELEVANCE TO PATIENT CARE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE IN COMPARISON WITH EXISTING DRUGS Zavegepant is indicated for acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. Zavegepant method of administration and prompt relief of migraine symptoms may be an attractive alternative to triptans for those in need of relief. CONCLUSION Zavegepant may be a convenient and useful acute treatment option for migraines with and without aura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Lanae Martirosov
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Giuliano
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Wayne State University, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Macy Shupp
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Channey
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pramodini B Kale-Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Wayne State University, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Sun P, Yu C, Yin L, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang T, Shuai P, Zeng K, Yao X, Chen J, Liu Y, Wan Z. Global, regional, and national burden of female cancers in women of child-bearing age, 1990-2021: analysis of data from the global burden of disease study 2021. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 74:102713. [PMID: 39050105 PMCID: PMC11268131 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The global status of women's health is underestimated, particularly the burden on women of child-bearing age (WCBA). We aim to investigate the pattern and trend of female cancers among WCBA from 1990 to 2021. Methods We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 on the incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of four major female cancers (breast, cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer) among WCBA (15-49 years) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) in the age-standardised incidence and DALY rates of female cancers, by age and socio-demographic index (SDI), were calculated to quantify the temporal trends. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between age-standardised rates and SDI. Findings In 2021, an estimated 1,013,475 new cases of overall female cancers were reported globally, with a significant increase in age-standardised incidence rate (EAPC 0.16%), and a decrease in age-standardised DALY rate (-0.73%) from 1990 to 2021. Annual increase trends of age-standardised incidence rate were observed in all cancers, except for that in cervical cancer. Contrary, the age-standardised DALY rate decreased in all cancers. Breast and cervical cancers were prevalent among WCBA worldwide, followed by ovarian and uterine cancers, with regional disparities in the burden of four female cancers. In addition, the age-standardised incidence rates of breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers basically showed a consistent upward trend with increasing SDI, while both the age-standardised incidence and DALY rates in cervical cancer exhibited downward trends with SDI. Age-specific rates of female cancers increased with age in 2021, with the most significant changes observed in younger age groups, except for uterine cancer. Interpretation The rising global incidence of female cancers, coupled with regional variations in DALYs, underscores the urgent need for innovative prevention and healthcare strategies to mitigate the burden among WCBA worldwide. Funding This study was supported by the Science Foundation for Young Scholars of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (NO. 2022QN44 and NO. 2022QN18); the Key R&D Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (NO. 2023YFS0196); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82303701).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Preventive Medicine Clinic, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Limei Yin
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhaochen Sun
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - TingTing Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaihong Zeng
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Al-Hashel JY, Alroughani R, Alshaf F, Ashkanani HK, Akl A, AlMutairi O, Alwazzan S, Ahmed SF. Real-world experiences of migraine patients on Erenumab: a Kuwait single center cohort. Neurol Res 2024; 46:772-780. [PMID: 38909320 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2354618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a prevalent headache disorder with a significant impact on the quality of life. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of erenumab, mAb targeting the CGRP receptor, in treating chronic (CM) and episodic (EM) migraine in clinical practice Kuwait, providing region-specific insights to treatment options. METHOD This was a prospective observational cohort study of patients diagnosed with EM or CM treated with erenumab. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the proportion of patients achieving ≥ 50% reduction in monthly mean migraine days, and several changes including the mean number of monthly migraine days, the frequency of analgesic use, attack severity, AEs, and QoL. RESULTS The study included 151 patients with a mean age of 44.0±11.4 years, and 81.9% female. The primary outcome was achieved in 74.2% of patients, with a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in headache frequency, pain severity, analgesic use, and improvement in QoL. Age and duration of migraine were significant predictors of achieving a ≥ 50% reduction in headache frequency after therapy (OR = 0.955; p = 0.009) and (OR = 0.965; p = 0.025), respectively. Treatment compliance was observed in 76.2% of patients, and 24.5% discontinued treatment. Constipation was the most commonly reported AEs (6.0%), and conservative management was the most common approach to managing AEs. CONCLUSION Erenumab was effective in reducing the frequency and severity of migraine attacks and improving QoL, and safe with manageable AEs in a real-world setting in Kuwait. Further research is needed to better understand erenumab's effectiveness and safety in different populations and settings, as well as to compare it with other migraine prophylactic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Youssef Al-Hashel
- Neurology Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Raed Alroughani
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fatemah Alshaf
- Neurology Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Amr Akl
- Medicine Department, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait
| | | | - Sawsan Alwazzan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Samar Farouk Ahmed
- Neurology Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Minia University, Minia City, Minia, Egypt
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192
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Wehrle CJ, Zhang M, Khalil M, Pita A, Modaresi Esfeh J, Diago-Uso T, Kim J, Aucejo F, Kwon DCH, Ali K, Cazzaniga B, Miyazaki Y, Liu Q, Fares S, Hong H, Tuul M, Jiao C, Sun K, Fairchild RL, Quintini C, Fujiki M, Pinna AD, Miller C, Hashimoto K, Schlegel A. Impact of Back-to-Base Normothermic Machine Perfusion on Complications and Costs: A Multicenter, Real-World Risk-Matched Analysis. Ann Surg 2024; 280:300-310. [PMID: 38557793 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000006291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess cost and complication outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) using normothermic machine perfusion (NMP). BACKGROUND End-ischemic NMP is often used to aid logistics, yet its impact on outcomes after LT remains unclear, as does its true impact on costs associated with transplantation. METHODS Deceased donor liver recipients at 2 centers (January 1, 2019, to June 30, 2023) were included. Retransplants, splits, and combined grafts were excluded. End-ischemic NMP (OrganOx-Metra) was implemented in October 2022 for extended-criteria donation after brain death (DBDs), all donations after circulatory deaths (DCDs), and logistics. NMP cases were matched 1:2 with static cold storage controls (SCS) using the Balance-of-Risk [donation after brain death (DBD)-grafts] and UK-DCD Score (DCD-grafts). RESULTS Overall, 803 transplantations were included, 174 (21.7%) receiving NMP. Matching was achieved between 118 NMP-DBDs with 236 SCS; and 37 NMP-DCD with 74 corresponding SCS. For both graft types, median inpatient comprehensive complications index values were comparable between groups. DCD-NMP grafts experienced reduced cumulative 90-day comprehensive complications index (27.6 vs 41.9, P =0.028). NMP also reduced the need for early relaparotomy and renal replacement therapy, with subsequently less frequent major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥IVa). This effect was more pronounced in DCD transplants. NMP had no protective effect on early biliary complications. Organ acquisition/preservation costs were higher with NMP, yet NMP-treated grafts had lower 90-day pretransplant costs in the context of shorter waiting list times. Overall costs were comparable for both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS This is the first risk-adjusted outcome and cost analysis comparing NMP and SCS. In addition to logistical benefits, NMP was associated with a reduction in relaparotomy and bleeding in DBD grafts, and overall complications and post-LT renal replacement for DCDs. While organ acquisition/preservation was more costly with NMP, overall 90-day health care costs-per-transplantation were comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jamak Modaresi Esfeh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Teresa Diago-Uso
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jaekeun Kim
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | | | | | - Khaled Ali
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | | | | | - Qiang Liu
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Sami Fares
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Hanna Hong
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | | | - Chunbao Jiao
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Keyue Sun
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Robert L Fairchild
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Cristiano Quintini
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | - Koji Hashimoto
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- Transplantation Center, Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
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Koussé JND, Ilboudo S, Ouédraogo AR, Ouédraogo JCRP, Hunsmann M, Ouédraogo GG, Ouédraogo M, Semdé R, Ouédraogo S. Pulmonary function assessment among conventional and organic cotton farmers exposed to pesticides in the Central-West region of Burkina Faso. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:681-693. [PMID: 38777924 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory diseases have been associated with the exposure of populations to some environmental pollutants such as pesticides. To assess effects of pesticides on farmers' respiratory health, this study aimed to evaluate the pulmonary function of cotton farmers exposed to synthetic and natural pesticides in the Central-West region of Burkina Faso. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to July 2022 among 281 conventional and 189 organic cotton farmers. After collecting information on pesticide use conditions, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed on each farmer according to the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines, in order to assess chronic respiratory effects among cotton producers. Binary logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with the occurrence of ventilatory changes. RESULTS Both conventional and organic cotton farmers reported similar chronic respiratory symptoms in different proportions. The main reported were rhinitis (54.45% conventional vs. 34.92% organic), chest pains (41.28% conventional vs. 23.81% organic), cough (33.45% conventional, 24.34% organic), breathlessness (31.67% conventional, 4.23% organic) (p<0.05). 16.18% and 27.50% of conventional male and female cotton farmers, respectively, had a restrictive defect. Among organic cotton farmers, 15.85% and 18.69%, respectively, of males and females had a restrictive defect. Furthermore, a significant increase in the predicted average percentage of FEV1/FVC ratio was observed among organic cotton farmers after salbutamol's use (p = 0.039). The type of cultivated cotton was not associated with ventilatory changes neither in the univariate analysis, nor in the multivariate analysis. Other factors such as farmers' age, BMI and insecticides use frequency per year were also important. Farmers who used insecticides more than 6 times per season had an increased risk of developing an obstructive defect (OR = 1.603; 95%CI: 0.484-5.309) compared to those who used them 6 times or less. CONCLUSION Chronic respiratory signs and ventilatory impairments were found among conventional and, to our knowledge, for the first time among organic cotton producers. However, these health effects were more prevalent among conventional cotton farmers than organic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Noël Dado Koussé
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou 03, 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso.
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Sylvain Ilboudo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou 03, 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- International Research Laboratory - Environnement, Santé, Sociétés, (IRL 3189, ESS) CNRST/CNRS/UCAD/UGB/USTTB, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul Risgou Ouédraogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (UFR-SDS/UJKZ), Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tengandogo (CHU-Tengandogo), 11 BP 104 CMS, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou 03, 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- International Research Laboratory - Environnement, Santé, Sociétés, (IRL 3189, ESS) CNRST/CNRS/UCAD/UGB/USTTB, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moritz Hunsmann
- Centre Norbert Elias (UMR 8562), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille / Avignon, France
| | - Geoffroy Gueswindé Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou 03, 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- International Research Laboratory - Environnement, Santé, Sociétés, (IRL 3189, ESS) CNRST/CNRS/UCAD/UGB/USTTB, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (UFR-SDS/UJKZ), Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Rasmané Semdé
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (UFR-SDS/UJKZ), Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Sylvin Ouédraogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou 03, 03 BP 7047, Burkina Faso
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Centre d'Excellence Africain de Formation, de Recherche et d'Expertises en Sciences du Médicament, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO (LADME/CEA-CFOREM/UJKZ), Ougadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
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Chen YY, Gong ZC, Zhang MM, Huang ZH. Brain-Targeting Emodin Mitigates Ischemic Stroke via Inhibiting AQP4-Mediated Swelling and Neuroinflammation. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:818-830. [PMID: 37380800 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Failure to achieve target-specific delivery to ischemic brain sites has hampered the clinical efficacy of newly developed therapies for ischemic stroke. Emodin, an active ingredient isolated from traditional Chinese medicine, has been indicated to alleviate ischemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to achieve brain-targeted delivery of emodin to maximize its therapeutic efficacy and elucidate the mechanisms by which emodin alleviates ischemic stroke. A polyethylene glycol (PEG)/cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD)-modified liposome was used to encapsulate emodin. TTC, HE, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence staining were employed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of brain-targeting emodin in MCAO and OGD/R models. Inflammatory cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR were utilized for clarifying the changes in key downstream signaling. Lentivirus-mediated gene restoration was employed to verify the core effector of emodin for relieving ischemic stroke. Encapsulating emodin in a PEG/cRGD-modified liposome enhanced its accumulation in the infarct region and substantially raised its therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AQP4, the most abundant water transporter subunit expressed in astrocytes, plays a crucial role in mediating the mechanisms by which emodin inhibits astrocyte swelling, neuroinflammatory blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in vivo and in vitro, and brain edema in general. Our study unveiled the critical target of emodin responsible for alleviating ischemic stroke and a localizable drug delivery vehicle in the therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke and other brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Chen
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, and Wuxi Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, and Wuxi Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, and Wuxi Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China.
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195
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Zhang Y, Sun Q, Yu C, Sun D, Pang Y, Pei P, Du H, Yang L, Chen Y, Yang X, Chen X, Chen J, Chen Z, Li L, Lv J. Associations of traditional cardiovascular risk factors with 15-year blood pressure change and trajectories in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. J Hypertens 2024; 42:1340-1349. [PMID: 38525868 PMCID: PMC7616121 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE How traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are related to long-term blood pressure change (BPC) or trajectories remain unclear. We aimed to examine the independent associations of these factors with 15-year BPC and trajectories in Chinese adults. METHODS We included 15 985 participants who had attended three surveys, including 2004-2008 baseline survey, and 2013-2014 and 2020-2021 resurveys, over 15 years in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). We measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), height, weight, and waist circumference (WC). We asked about the sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors, including smoking, alcohol drinking, intake of fresh vegetables, fruits, and red meat, and physical activity, using a structured questionnaire. We calculated standard deviation (SD), cumulative blood pressure (cumBP), coefficient of variation (CV), and average real variability (ARV) as long-term BPC proxies. We identified blood pressure trajectories using the latent class growth model. RESULTS Most baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were associated with cumBP. After adjusting for other characteristics, the cumSBP (mmHg × year) increased by 116.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 111.0, 122.7] for every 10 years of age. The differences of cumSBP in heavy drinkers of ≥60 g pure alcohol per day and former drinkers were 86.7 (60.7, 112.6) and 48.9 (23.1, 74.8) compared with less than weekly drinkers. The cumSBP in participants who ate red meat less than weekly was 29.4 (12.0, 46.8) higher than those who ate red meat daily. The corresponding differences of cumSBP were 127.8 (120.7, 134.9) and 70.2 (65.0, 75.3) for BMI per 5 kg/m 2 and WC per 10 cm. Most of the findings of other BPC measures by baseline characteristics were similar to the cumBP, but the differences between groups were somewhat weaker. Alcohol drinking was associated with several high-risk trajectories of SBP and DBP. Both BMI and WC were independently associated with all high-risk blood pressure trajectories. CONCLUSIONS Several traditional CVD risk factors were associated with unfavorable long-term BPC or blood pressure trajectories in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiufen Sun
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Wu H, Yang H, Chen L, Sun F, Xia Y. Intensity-specific physical activity measured by accelerometer and the risk of mortality among individuals with cardiometabolic diseases: A prospective study from the UK Biobank. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 156:104786. [PMID: 38788260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the health benefits of physical activity for general population are well-recognized, the prospective associations of physical activity volume and intensity with mortality among cardiometabolic disease individuals remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity with mortality risk among population with cardiometabolic disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Participants were recruited from the United Kingdom (UK) across 22 assessment centers from 2006 to 2010. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9524 participants from the UK Biobank (median: 67.00 years, interquartile range: 61.00-70.00 years) were included in final study. METHODS Accelerometer-measured total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity physical activity collecting from 2013 to 2015 were quantified using a machine learning model. Multivariable restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazard models with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to examine the associations of interests. RESULTS During the follow-up period (median: 6.87 years; interquartile range: 6.32-7.39 years), there were 659 (6.92 %) death events with 218 (2.29 %) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 441 (4.63 %) non-cardiovascular disease-related deaths separately. In the fully adjusted models, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles of total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light physical activities, the adjusted HRs (95 % CIs) of all-cause mortality for those in the highest quartiles were 0.40 (0.31, 0.52), 0.48 (0.37, 0.61), and 0.56 (0.44, 0.71) while those for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality were 0.35 (0.22, 0.55), 0.52 (0.35, 0.78) and 0.59 (0.39, 0.88), and for non-cardiovascular diseases-related mortality, they were 0.42 (0.30, 0.59), 0.40 (0.29, 0.54) and 0.54 (0.40, 0.73), separately. The optimal moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity level for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality reduction was found to be in the third quartile (17.75-35.33 min/day). Furthermore, the observed inverse associations were mainly non-linear. CONCLUSIONS Promoting physical activity, regardless of intensity, is essential for individuals with cardiometabolic disease to reduce mortality risk. For both all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related and non-cardiovascular disease-related mortality, the observed decrease in risk seems to level off at a moderate level. The current findings deriving from precise device-based physical activity data provide inference for secondary prevention of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanzhang Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Sao K, Risbud MV. Sdc4 deletion perturbs intervertebral disc matrix homeostasis and promotes early osteopenia in the aging mouse spine. Matrix Biol 2024; 131:46-61. [PMID: 38806135 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Syndecan 4 (SDC4), a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is known to regulate matrix catabolism by nucleus pulposus cells in an inflammatory milieu. However, the role of SDC4 in the aging spine has never been explored. Here we analyzed the spinal phenotype of Sdc4 global knockout (KO) mice as a function of age. Micro-computed tomography showed that Sdc4 deletion severely reduced vertebral trabecular and cortical bone mass, and biomechanical properties of vertebrae were significantly altered in Sdc4 KO mice. These changes in vertebral bone were likely due to elevated osteoclastic activity. The histological assessment showed subtle phenotypic changes in the intervertebral disc. Imaging-Fourier transform-infrared analyses showed a reduced relative ratio of mature collagen crosslinks in young adult nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) of KO compared to wildtype discs. Additionally, relative chondroitin sulfate levels increased in the NP compartment of the KO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of NP tissue using CompBio, an AI-based tool showed biological themes associated with prominent dysregulation of heparan sulfate GAG degradation, mitochondria metabolism, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated misfolded protein processes and ER to Golgi protein processing. Overall, this study highlights the important role of SDC4 in fine-tuning vertebral bone homeostasis and extracellular matrix homeostasis in the mouse intervertebral disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimheak Sao
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Jefferson College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 501 College Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Jefferson College of Life Sciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Suite 501 College Bldg., Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
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198
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Kania D, Nouhin J, Bolloré K, Njouom R, Toni TD, Maiga AI, Toure-Kane C, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Dagnra A, Chuong Le DH, Lunel-Fabiani F, Castera-Guy J, Rubbo PA, Pisoni A, Plantier JC, Tuaillon E. Development and field evaluation in African and Asian countries of an hepatitis B virus PCR on open polyvalent platforms to determine treatment eligibility: results from the "Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les hépatites" 12327 study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:1067-1073. [PMID: 38735369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Widespread testing and treatment are essential to eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a public health concern. However, in resource-limited countries, access to HBV PCR is limited. In this study, we developed a quantitative HBV PCR assay on open molecular platforms and evaluate its performance in diagnosing clinically significant HBV DNA thresholds as defined by the WHO (2000 IU/mL, 20 000 IU/mL, and 200 000 IU/mL). METHODS We implemented our HBV PCR test in seven African and Asian countries and France, using either an in-house laboratory method or a European conformity for in vitro diagnostic (CE-IVD) marked version of the PCR (Generic HBV Charge Virale, Biocentric). Results were compared with reference tests (Roche Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan and Abbott RealTime on Abbott m2000). RESULTS There was a good agreement between the HBV DNA results of 1015 samples tested by the PCR on open polyvalent platforms and the results from reference tests (mean difference (bias ± standard deviation [SD]): -0.3 ± 0.7 log10 IU/mL and -0.2 ± 0.9 log10 IU/mL when compared with Roche and Abbott tests, respectively). Kappa-Cohen agreements between the HBV PCR on open polyvalent platforms and the Roche/Abbott assays appeared almost perfect for HBV DNA levels ranged from >20 000 to 200 000 IU/mL and >200 000 IU/mL, substantial and moderate for HBV DNA levels ranged from 2000 to 20 000 IU/mL when compared with Abbott and Roche, respectively. The assay's performance was consistent across genotypes A, B, C, D, and E. DISCUSSION This field evaluation showed that our HBV PCR test is a valuable alternative to proprietary PCR systems. PCR assays on open platforms contribute to expanding clinical laboratory solutions for diagnosing individuals who meet the viral load criteria for antiviral therapy (>20 000 IU/mL) and mother-to-child prophylaxis (>200 000 IU/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dramane Kania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Janin Nouhin
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Pasteur Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Richard Njouom
- Virology Unit, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Almoustapha Issiaka Maiga
- University Research and Clinical Center, University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Coumba Toure-Kane
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, CHU Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong
- MIVEGEC UMR IRD224-CNRS5290, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development), Montpellier, France; LMI PRESTO, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Anoumou Dagnra
- Centre National de Référence VIH-IST/PNLS, BIOLIM, FMMP/UL, Lomé, Togo
| | - Duy Hoang Chuong Le
- Department of Biomedical, Food Analysis and Health Service, Ho Chi Minh City Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Françoise Lunel-Fabiani
- Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital & LUNAM University and HIFIH Laboratory, UPRES EA 3859, Angers, France
| | - Joany Castera-Guy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre-Alain Rubbo
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France; Omunis, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France; Department of Virology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France; Department of Virology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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199
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Zhou Y, Zhou W, Rao Y, He J, Huang Y, Zhao P, Li J. Dysregulated energy and protein homeostasis and the loss of GABAergic amacrine cells in aging retina. Exp Eye Res 2024; 245:109985. [PMID: 38945518 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for the development or the worsening of retinal degenerative conditions. The intricate network of the neural retina determined that the retinal aging is a complicated process. The aim of this study is to delineate the transcriptomic changes of major retinal neurons during aging in C57BL/6 mice at single-cell level. We analyzed the transcriptional profiles of the photoreceptor, bipolar, amacrine, and Müller glial cells of 1.5-2 and 24-30 months old mice using single-cell RNA sequencing technique. We selectively confirmed the differences in gene expression using immunofluorescence staining and RNA in situ hybridization analysis. We found that each retinal cell type had unique changes upon aging. However, they all showed signs of dysregulated glucose and energy metabolism, and perturbed proteostasis. In particular, old Müller glia exhibited the most profound changes, including the upregulation of cell metabolism, stress-responses, antigen-presentation and immune responses and metal ion homeostasis. The dysregulated gliogenesis and differentiation was confirmed by the presence of Müller glia expressing rod-specific genes in the inner nuclear layer and the outer plexiform layer of the old retina. We further pinpointed the specific loss of GABAergic amacrine cells in old retina. Our study emphasized changes of amacrine and Müller glia during retinal aging, provided resources for further research on the molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms underlying aging-associated retinal deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenchuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuqing Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jincan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 202150, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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200
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Dirjayanto VJ, Pompei G, Rubino F, Biscaglia S, Campo G, Mihailidou AS, den Ruijter H, Kunadian V. Non-invasive vascular measures as prognostic predictors for older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Coron Artery Dis 2024; 35:368-381. [PMID: 38436050 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse cardiac events are common in older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS), yet prognostic predictors are still lacking. This study investigated the long-term prognostic significance of non-invasive measures including endothelial function, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and vascular stiffness in older NSTEACS patients referred for invasive treatment. METHODS NSTEACS patients aged 75 years and older recruited to a multicentre cohort study (NCT01933581) were assessed for baseline endothelial function using endoPAT logarithm of reactive hyperemia index (LnRHI), CIMT using B-mode ultrasound, and vascular stiffness using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Long-term outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of death, reinfarction, urgent revascularization, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and significant bleeding. RESULTS Recruitment resulted in 214 patients assessed for LnRHI, 190 patients assessed for CIMT and 245 patients assessed for cfPWV. For LnRHI group (median follow-up 4.73 years [IQR: 1.41-5.00]), Cox regression analysis revealed a trend towards increased risk of MACE (HR: 1.24 [95% CI: 0.80-1.93]; P = 0.328) and mortality (HR: 1.49 [95% CI: 0.86-2.59]; P = 0.157), but no significance was reached. No difference for other components of MACE was found. For CIMT group (median follow up 4.74 years [IQR: 1.55-5.00]), no statistically significant difference in MACE was found (HR: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.53-1.59]; P = 0.754). Similarly, for cfPWV group (median follow-up 4.96 years [IQR: 1.55-5.00]), results did not support prognostic significance (for MACE, HR: 0.95 [95% CI: 0.65-1.39]; P = 0.794). CONCLUSION Endothelial function, CIMT and vascular stiffness were proven unsuitable as strong prognostic predictors in older patients with NSTEACS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01933581.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Dirjayanto
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Jakarta
| | - Graziella Pompei
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - Francesca Rubino
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Biscaglia
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - A S Mihailidou
- Department of Cardiology and Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hester den Ruijter
- Division Heart and Lungs, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Amsterdam
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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