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Cinar R, Basu A, Arif M, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Zuo BLG, Zuo MXG, O’Brien KJ, Behan M, Introne W, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Gochuico BR. Anandamide is an Early Blood Biomarker of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Pulmonary Fibrosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.16.24307300. [PMID: 38798603 PMCID: PMC11118631 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.24307300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a group of rare genetic disorders, with several subtypes leading to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and no effective treatment. Circulating biomarkers detecting early PF have not been identified. We investigated whether endocannabinoids could serve as blood biomarkers of PF in HPS. We measured endocannabinoids in the serum of HPS, IPF, and healthy human subjects and in a mouse model of HPSPF. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were correlated with endocannabinoid measurements. In a pale ear mouse model of bleomycin-induced HPSPF, serum endocannabinoid levels were measured with and without treatment with zevaquenabant (MRI-1867), a peripheral CB1R and iNOS antagonist. In three separate cohorts, circulating anandamide levels were increased in HPS-1 patients with or without PF, compared to healthy volunteers. This increase was not observed in IPF patients or in HPS-3 patients, who do not have PF. Circulating anandamide (AEA) levels were negatively correlated with PFT. Furthermore, a longitudinal study over the course of 5-14 years with HPS-1 patients indicated that circulating AEA levels begin to increase with the fibrotic lung process even at the subclinical stages of HPSPF. In pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced HpsPF, serum AEA levels were significantly increased in the earliest stages of PF and remained elevated at a later fibrotic stage. Zevaquenabant treatment reduced the increased AEA levels and attenuated progression in bleomycin-induced HpsPF. Circulating AEA may be a prognostic blood biomarker for PF in HPS-1 patients. Further studies are indicated to evaluate endocannabinoids as potential surrogate biomarkers in progressive fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Abhishek Basu
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Ben Long G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Kevin J. O’Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Molly Behan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wendy Introne
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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202
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Yang G, Li F, Wang Q, Liu Y, Guo J, Yue C. Association between history of cannabis use and outcomes after total hip or knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1377688. [PMID: 38827608 PMCID: PMC11140086 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cannabis use may be increasing as countries legalize it and it becomes socially acceptable. A history of cannabis use may increase risk of complications after various kinds of surgery and compromise functional recovery. Here we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed available evidence on how history of cannabis use affects recovery after hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA). Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched and studies were selected and analyzed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, while quality of evidence was evaluated according to the "Grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation" system. Data on various outcomes were pooled when appropriate and meta-analyzed. Results The systematic review included 16 cohort studies involving 5.91 million patients. Meta-analysis linked history of cannabis use to higher risk of the following outcomes: revision (RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.31-2.16), mechanical loosening (RR 1.77, 95% CI 1.52-2.07), periprosthetic fracture (RR 1.85, 95% CI 1.38-2.48), dislocation (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73), cardiovascular events (RR 2.49, 95% CI 1.22-5.08), cerebrovascular events (RR 3.15, 95% CI 2.54-3.91), pneumonia (RR 3.97, 95% CI 3.49-4.51), respiratory failure (RR 4.10, 95% CI 3.38-4.97), urinary tract infection (RR 2.46, 95% CI 1.84-3.28), acute kidney injury (RR 3.25, 95% CI 2.94-3.60), venous thromboembolism (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.34-1.63), and deep vein thrombosis (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19-1.70). In addition, cannabis use was associated with significantly greater risk of postoperative transfusion (RR 2.23, 95% CI 1.83-2.71) as well as higher hospitalization costs. Conclusion History of cannabis use significantly increases the risk of numerous complications and transfusion after THA or TKA, leading to greater healthcare costs. Clinicians should consider these factors when treating cannabis users, and pre-surgical protocols should give special consideration to patients with history of cannbis use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiayi Guo
- Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Yue
- Luoyang Orthopedic Traumatological Hospital, Luoyang, China
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203
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Kim J, Yoo J, Kim B, Lee KW, Kim S, Hong S, Kim JS. An AIE-based fluorescent probe to detect peroxynitrite levels in human serum and its cellular imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5443-5446. [PMID: 38686636 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01231c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
An AIE-based fluorescent probe was designed to evaluate peroxynitrite levels in complex biological samples. The newly synthesized hydrazone-conjugated probe fluoresces strongly in the presence of peroxynitrite. Clinically, the peroxynitrite levels can be measured in human serum and cellular mitochondria with an LOD of 6.5 nM by fluorescence imaging in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
| | - Jiyoung Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
| | - Byungkook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
| | - Sunghyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
| | - Sukwon Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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204
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Ennion L, Hijmans JM. Retention of Improved Plantar Sensation in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy after One Month of Vibrating Insole Therapy: A Pilot Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3131. [PMID: 38793985 PMCID: PMC11125190 DOI: 10.3390/s24103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Sensory peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and the biggest risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers. There is currently no available treatment that can reverse sensory loss in the diabetic population. The application of mechanical noise has been shown to improve vibration perception threshold or plantar sensation (through stochastic resonance) in the short term, but the therapeutic use, and longer-term effects have not been explored. In this study, vibrating insoles were therapeutically used by 22 participants, for 30 min per day, on a daily basis, for a month by persons with diabetic sensory peripheral neuropathy. The therapeutic application of vibrating insoles in this cohort significantly improved VPT by an average of 8.5 V (p = 0.001) post-intervention and 8.2 V (p < 0.001) post-washout. This statistically and clinically relevant improvement can play a role in protection against diabetic foot ulcers and the delay of subsequent lower-extremity amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liezel Ennion
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape (UWC), 10 Blanckenberg Road, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Juha M. Hijmans
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
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205
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Haghdoost M, López de los Santos Y, Brunstetter M, Ferretti ML, Roberts M, Bonn-Miller MO. Using In Silico Molecular Docking to Explain Differences in Receptor Binding Behavior of HHC and THCV Isomers: Revealing New Binding Modes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:637. [PMID: 38794207 PMCID: PMC11125018 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Even slight structural differences between phytocannabinoid isomers are usually enough to cause a change in their biological properties. In this study, we used in vitro CB1 agonism/antagonism assays to compare the receptor binding functionality of THCV (tetrahydrocannabivarin) and HHC (hexahydrocannabinol) isomers and applied molecular docking to provide an explanation for the difference in the activities. No CB1 agonism was observed for ∆9- and ∆8-THCV. Instead, both isomers antagonized CP 55940, with ∆9-THCV being approximately two times more potent than the ∆8 counterpart (IC50 = 52.4 nM and 119.6 nM for ∆9- and ∆8-THCV, respectively). Docking simulations found two binding poses for THCV isomers, one very similar to ∆9-THC and one newly discovered pose involving the occupation of side pocket 1 of the CB1 receptor by the alkyl chain of the ligand. We suggested the latter as a potential antagonist pose. In addition, our results established 9R-HHC and 9S-HHC among partial agonists of the CB1 receptor. The 9R-HHC (EC50 = 53.4 nM) isomer was a significantly more potent agonist than 9S (EC50 = 624.3 nM). ∆9-THC and 9R-HHC showed comparable binding poses inside the receptor pocket, whereas 9S-HHC adopted a new and different binding posture that can explain its weak agonist activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Haghdoost
- Nalu Bio Inc., 38 Keyes Avenue, Suite 117, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA; (M.H.); (M.R.)
| | - Yossef López de los Santos
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Morgan L. Ferretti
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, 216 MEMH, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Matthew Roberts
- Nalu Bio Inc., 38 Keyes Avenue, Suite 117, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA; (M.H.); (M.R.)
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206
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Parapanov R, Debonneville A, Allouche M, Lugrin J, Rodriguez-Caro H, Liaudet L, Krueger T. Transient heat stress protects from severe endothelial damage and dysfunction during prolonged experimental ex-vivo lung perfusion. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1390026. [PMID: 38807604 PMCID: PMC11130382 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1390026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pulmonary endothelium is the primary target of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury leading to primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. We hypothesized that treating damaged rat lungs by a transient heat stress during ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to elicit a pulmonary heat shock response could protect the endothelium from severe reperfusion injury. Methods Rat lungs damaged by 1h warm ischemia were reperfused on an EVLP platform for up to 6h at a constant temperature (T°) of 37°C (EVLP37°C group), or following a transient heat stress (HS) at 41.5°C from 1 to 1.5h of EVLP (EVLPHS group). A group of lungs exposed to 1h EVLP only (pre-heating conditions) was added as control (Baseline group). In a first protocol, we measured lung heat sock protein expression (HSP70, HSP27 and Hsc70) at selected time-points (n=5/group at each time). In a second protocol, we determined (n=5/group) lung weight gain (edema), pulmonary compliance, oxygenation capacity, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and vascular resistance (PVR), the expression of PECAM-1 (CD31) and phosphorylation status of Src-kinase and VE-cadherin in lung tissue, as well as the release in perfusate of cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β) and endothelial biomarkers (sPECAM, von Willebrand Factor -vWF-, sE-selectin and sICAM-1). Histological and immunofluorescent studies assessed perivascular edema and formation of 3-nitrotyrosine (a marker of peroxinitrite) in CD31 lung endothelium. Results HS induced an early (3h) and persisting expression of HSP70 and HSP27, without influencing Hsc70. Lungs from the EVLP37°C group developed massive edema, low compliance and oxygenation, elevated PAP and PVR, substantial release of TNFα, IL-1β, s-PECAM, vWF, E-selectin and s-ICAM, as well as significant Src-kinase activation, VE-cadherin phosphorylation, endothelial 3-NT formation and reduced CD31 expression. In marked contrast, all these alterations were either abrogated or significantly attenuated by HS treatment. Conclusion The therapeutic application of a transient heat stress during EVLP of damaged rat lungs reduces endothelial permeability, attenuates pulmonary vasoconstriction, prevents src-kinase activation and VE-cadherin phosphorylation, while reducing endothelial peroxinitrite generation and the release of cytokines and endothelial biomarkers. Collectively, these data demonstrate that therapeutic heat stress may represent a promising strategy to protect the lung endothelium from severe reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roumen Parapanov
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Debonneville
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manon Allouche
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lugrin
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helena Rodriguez-Caro
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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207
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Mandal P, Pradhan SM, Mathew AA, Benny S, Kumar S, Unni AR, S K K. Exploring the effects of vasoactive constituents in large cardamom: implications for the anti-hypertensive effect via eNOS coupling pathway - an in-vitro study in rat endothelial cells. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38742417 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2351534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, linked to reduced eNOS expression and nitric oxide (NO) availability, contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Large cardamom exhibits antihypertensive effects by augmenting NO levels and antioxidant activity. To decipher its mechanisms, selected constituents were docked with eNOS-associated target genes such as GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH-1) and (dihydrofolate reductase [DHFR]). Endothelial damage induced by L-NAME and fructose was countered by assessing nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), tetrahydrobipterin (BH4 levels), GCH-I expression and super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity after constituent incubation. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin-3-O-glucoside notably restored impaired vascular markers in both models. These phytoconstituents are likely to activate GCH-BH4-eNOS pathways, upregulating SOD and NO expression, maintaining endothelial integrity. Large cardamom's antihypertensive effects may stem from these components, synergistically enhancing endothelial NO release via the eNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pronay Mandal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | | | | | - Sonu Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
| | - Ashok R Unni
- Central Lab Animal Facility, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
| | - Kanthlal S K
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Kochi, India
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208
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Alessandri G, Fontana F, Mancabelli L, Tarracchini C, Lugli GA, Argentini C, Longhi G, Rizzo SM, Vergna LM, Anzalone R, Viappiani A, Turroni F, Ossiprandi MC, Milani C, Ventura M. Species-level characterization of saliva and dental plaque microbiota reveals putative bacterial and functional biomarkers of periodontal diseases in dogs. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae082. [PMID: 38782729 PMCID: PMC11165276 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are among the most common bacterial-related pathologies affecting the oral cavity of dogs. Nevertheless, the canine oral ecosystem and its correlations with oral disease development are still far from being fully characterized. In this study, the species-level taxonomic composition of saliva and dental plaque microbiota of 30 healthy dogs was investigated through a shallow shotgun metagenomics approach. The obtained data allowed not only to define the most abundant and prevalent bacterial species of the oral microbiota in healthy dogs, including members of the genera Corynebacterium and Porphyromonas, but also to identify the presence of distinct compositional motifs in the two oral microniches as well as taxonomical differences between dental plaques collected from anterior and posterior teeth. Subsequently, the salivary and dental plaque microbiota of 18 dogs affected by chronic gingival inflammation and 18 dogs with periodontitis were compared to those obtained from the healthy dogs. This analysis allowed the identification of bacterial and metabolic biomarkers correlated with a specific clinical status, including members of the genera Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium as microbial biomarkers of a healthy and diseased oral status, respectively, and genes predicted to encode for metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties as metabolic biomarkers of a healthy status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Argentini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Longhi
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sonia Mirjam Rizzo
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Maria Vergna
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Ossiprandi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Parma, Via Del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11a, 43124 Parma, Italy
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209
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Farhana A, Alsrhani A, Khan YS, Salahuddin M, Sayeed MU, Rasheed Z. Apigenin Provides Structural Protection to Human Fibrinogen against Nitrosative Stress: Biochemical and Molecular Insights. Biomolecules 2024; 14:576. [PMID: 38785983 PMCID: PMC11117476 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is an oxidant linked with several human pathologies. Apigenin, a natural flavonoid known for its health benefits, remains unexplored in relation to ONOO- effects. This study investigated the potential of apigenin to structurally protect fibrinogen, an essential blood clotting factor, from ONOO--induced damage. METHODS Multi-approach analyses were carried out where fibrinogen was exposed to ONOO- generation while testing the efficacy of apigenin. The role of apigenin against ONOO--induced modifications in fibrinogen was investigated using UV spectroscopy, tryptophan or tyrosine fluorescence, protein hydrophobicity, carbonylation, and electrophoretic analyses. RESULTS The findings demonstrate that apigenin significantly inhibits ONOO--induced oxidative damage in fibrinogen. ONOO- caused reduced UV absorption, which was reversed by apigenin treatment. Moreover, ONOO- diminished tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence, which was effectively restored by apigenin treatment. Apigenin also reduced the hydrophobicity of ONOO--damaged fibrinogen. Moreover, apigenin exhibited protective effects against ONOO--induced protein carbonylation. SDS-PAGE analyses revealed that ONOO-treatment eliminated bands corresponding to fibrinogen polypeptide chains Aα and γ, while apigenin preserved these changes. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights, for the first time, the role of apigenin in structural protection of human fibrinogen against peroxynitrite-induced nitrosative damage. Our data indicate that apigenin offers structural protection to all three polypeptide chains (Aα, Bβ, and γ) of human fibrinogen. Specifically, apigenin prevents the dislocation or breakdown of the amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, proline, and threonine and also prevents the exposure of hydrophobic sites in fibrinogen induced by ONOO-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah Alsrhani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yusuf Saleem Khan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Hail Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Salahuddin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia;
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Masilamani MSJ, Leff R, Kawai Y. Asystole in a young child with tetrahydrocannabinol overdose: a case report and review of literature. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1371651. [PMID: 38784384 PMCID: PMC11112079 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1371651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association between Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cardiac dysrhythmia has not been well described in children. Asystole, while consistent with reports of severe bradycardia and apnea in children, is uncommonly described in the current literature. We present the first pediatric case of asystole and apnea following THC ingestion. Case A 7-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) after his mother noticed he was lethargic 3-4 h after accidental ingestion of five 15 mg (total of 75 mg) Δ8-THC gummies. Upon arrival, he was vitally stable and well-appearing. He received maintenance intravenous fluids. Approximately 7 h after initial ingestion, he experienced a >15-s episode of asystole and apnea on telemetry requiring sternal rub to awaken. This was followed by bradycardia (60 beats per minute range) which resolved with 0.1 mg glycopyrrolate. He was admitted to the PICU, drowsy but arousable with stable vitals. After an uneventful 24-h (post-ingestion) PICU observation, he was discharged home in stable condition. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first reported pediatric case of THC-induced asystole. The etiology of asystole may be attributed to direct vagal stimulation of THC or respiratory depression. The typical recommended observation time after potential toxicity is 3-6 h after children have returned to their physiological and behavioral baseline. Our patient was clinically stable with no concern for respiratory depression or cardiac dysrhythmia yet experienced an asystolic pause with apnea 7 h after initial ingestion. Conclusion Our case demonstrates that asystole and apnea may occur in pediatric patients following large THC ingestions and those symptoms can appear late outside of the currently recommended observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Steffi Jennifer Masilamani
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Rebecca Leff
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yu Kawai
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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211
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Jiang Z, Zhang C, Sun Q, Wang X, Chen Y, He W, Guo Z, Liu Z. A NIR-II Photoacoustic Probe for High Spatial Quantitative Imaging of Tumor Nitric Oxide in Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320072. [PMID: 38466238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) exhibits both pro- and anti-tumor effects. Therefore, real-time in vivo imaging and quantification of tumor NO dynamics are essential for understanding the conflicting roles of NO played in pathophysiology. The current molecular probes, however, cannot provide high-resolution imaging in deep tissues, making them unsuitable for these purposes. Herein, we designed a photoacoustic probe with an absorption maximum beyond 1000 nm for high spatial quantitative imaging of in vivo tumor NO dynamics. The probe exhibits remarkable sensitivity, selective ratiometric response behavior, and good tumor-targeting abilities, facilitating ratiometric imaging of tumor NO throughout tumor progression in a micron-resolution level. Using the probe as the imaging agent, we successfully quantified NO dynamics in tumor, liver and kidney. We have pinpointed an essential concentration threshold of around 80 nmol/cm3 for NO, which plays a crucial role in the "double-edged-sword" function of NO in tumors. Furthermore, we revealed a reciprocal relationship between the NO concentration in tumors and that in the liver, providing initial insights into the possible NO-mediated communication between tumor and the liver. We believe that the probe will help resolve conflicting aspects of NO biology and guide the design of imaging agents for tumor diagnosis and anti-cancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Changli Zhang
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yuncong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Weijiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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Huang D, Li W, Zhao Y, Xie C, Luo X, Wu F, Xu Z, Sun Q, Liu G. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 5-(1H-indol-5-yl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acids as novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116443. [PMID: 38691887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme for the production of uric acid in the human body. XO inhibitors (XOIs) are clinically used for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout, as they can effectively inhibit the production of uric acid. Previous studies indicated that both indole and isoxazole derivatives have good inhibitory effects against XO. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel series of N-5-(1H-indol-5-yl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acids according to bioisosteric replacement and hybridization strategies. Among the obtained target compounds, compound 6c showed the best inhibitory activity against XO with an IC50 value of 0.13 μM, which was 22-fold higher than that of the classical antigout drug allopurinol (IC50 = 2.93 μM). Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that the hydrophobic group on the nitrogen atom of the indole ring is essential for the inhibitory potencies of target compounds against XO. Enzyme kinetic studies proved that compound 6c acted as a mixed-type XOI. Molecular docking studies showed that the target compound 6c could not only retain the key interactions similar to febuxostat at the XO binding site but also generate some new interactions, such as two hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of the isoxazole ring and the amino acid residues Ser876 and Thr1010. These results indicated that 5-(1H-indol-5-yl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid might be an efficacious scaffold for designing novel XOIs and compound 6c has the potential to be used as a lead for further the development of novel anti-gout candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Wenye Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Yilan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Cheng Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou City, 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Fengshou Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Qi Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China.
| | - Genyan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China.
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Szántó M, Yélamos J, Bai P. Specific and shared biological functions of PARP2 - is PARP2 really a lil' brother of PARP1? Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e13. [PMID: 38698556 PMCID: PMC11140550 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PARP2, that belongs to the family of ADP-ribosyl transferase enzymes (ART), is a discovery of the millennium, as it was identified in 1999. Although PARP2 was described initially as a DNA repair factor, it is now evident that PARP2 partakes in the regulation or execution of multiple biological processes as inflammation, carcinogenesis and cancer progression, metabolism or oxidative stress-related diseases. Hereby, we review the involvement of PARP2 in these processes with the aim of understanding which processes are specific for PARP2, but not for other members of the ART family. A better understanding of the specific functions of PARP2 in all of these biological processes is crucial for the development of new PARP-centred selective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Szántó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - José Yélamos
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Péter Bai
- HUN-REN-UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
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214
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Shivshankar S, Nimely J, Puhl H, Iyer MR. Pharmacological Evaluation of Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators Using GRAB eCB2.0 Sensor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5012. [PMID: 38732230 PMCID: PMC11084632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptors CB1R and CB2R are G-protein coupled receptors acted upon by endocannabinoids (eCBs), namely 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA), with unique pharmacology and modulate disparate physiological processes. A genetically encoded GPCR activation-based sensor that was developed recently-GRABeCB2.0-has been shown to be capable of monitoring real-time changes in eCB levels in cultured cells and preclinical models. However, its responsiveness to exogenous synthetic cannabinoid agents, particularly antagonists and allosteric modulators, has not been extensively characterized. This current study expands upon the pharmacological characteristics of GRABeCB2.0 to enhance the understanding of fluorescent signal alterations in response to various functionally indiscriminate cannabinoid ligands. The results from this study could enhance the utility of the GRABeCB2.0 sensor for in vitro as well as in vivo studies of cannabinoid action and may aid in the development of novel ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samay Shivshankar
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Josephine Nimely
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Henry Puhl
- Laboratory of Biophotonics and Quantum Biology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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215
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Mabry SA, Pavon N. Exploring the prospects, advancements, and challenges of in vitro modeling of the heart-brain axis. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1386355. [PMID: 38766369 PMCID: PMC11099243 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1386355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on bidirectional communication between the heart and brain has often relied on studies involving nonhuman animals. Dependance on animal models offer limited applicability to humans and a lack of high-throughput screening. Recently, the field of 3D cell biology, specifically organoid technology, has rapidly emerged as a valuable tool for studying interactions across organ systems, i.e., gut-brain axis. The initial success of organoid models indicates the usefulness of 3D cultures for elucidating the intricate interactivity of the autonomic nervous system and overall health. This perspective aims to explore the potential of advancing in vitro modeling of the heart-brain axis by discussing the benefits, applications, and adaptability of organoid technologies. We closely examine the current state of brain organoids in conjunction with the advancements of cardiac organoids. Moreover, we explore the use of combined organoid systems to investigate pathophysiology and provide a platform for treatment discovery. Finally, we address the challenges that accompany the use of 3D models for studying the heart-brain axis with an emphasis on generating tailored engineering strategies for further refinement of dynamic organ system modeling in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senegal Alfred Mabry
- Affect and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Human Development, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Narciso Pavon
- ChangHui Pak Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
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216
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Lonappan DK, Kuruvalli G, Shaik AH, Hebbani AV, Reddyvari H, Damodara Reddy V, Vadamalai V. Alcohol-induced hormonal and metabolic alterations in plasma and erythrocytes-a gender-based study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:350-358. [PMID: 38031273 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2290071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to understand the gender-specific alcohol-induced biochemical changes and TBARS association with the endocrine system. METHODS Human male and female subjects ranging from 35 ± 10 years old with an 8-10-year drinking history were included in the study. RESULTS The results demonstrated that testosterone levels were lower in male alcoholics and higher in female alcoholics, as well as higher estrogen and cortisol levels in both genders. In addition, we found lower T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in alcoholics of both sexes. Furthermore, plasma TBARS, protein carbonyls, nitrite, and nitrate levels increased significantly with concomitant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in both male and female alcoholics. Furthermore, erythrocyte lysate nitrite and nitrate levels membrane total cholesterol, phospholipid and cholesterol/phospholipid (C/P) ratio with lower total membrane proteins in both genders of alcoholics. SDS-PAGE analysis of erythrocyte membrane proteins revealed increased density of band 3, protein 4.1, 4.2, 4.9 and glycophorins, whereas decreases in spectrin (α and β) were observed in both genders of alcoholics. Besides, alcoholics of both sexes had a lower ability to resist osmotic hemolysis. Plasma TBARS was negatively correlated with testosterone, TSH, T3 and T4 in male alcoholics, moreover, estradiol and cortisol were positively correlated in males and females respectively. CONCLUSION Female alcoholics may be more susceptible to osmotic hemolysis due to increased erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation with decreased antioxidant status, which results in an altered membrane C/P ratio and membrane protein composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gouthami Kuruvalli
- Department of Biochemistry, REVA University, Bangalore. Karnataka, India
| | - Althaf Hussain Shaik
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hymavathi Reddyvari
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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217
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Wei J, Wang S, Huang J, Zhou X, Qian Z, Wu T, Fan Q, Liang Y, Cui G. Network medicine-based analysis of the hepatoprotective effects of Amomum villosum Lour. on alcoholic liver disease in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3759-3773. [PMID: 38726425 PMCID: PMC11077240 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and mainly results from prolonged and excessive alcohol use. Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has hepatoprotective properties. However, its ability to combat alcohol-induced liver injury has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of A. villosum in a rat model of alcohol-induced liver disease, thereby establishing a scientific foundation for the potential preventive use of A. villosum in ALD. We established a Chinese liquor (Baijiu)-induced liver injury model in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, in combination with biochemical tests, was used to evaluate the protective effects of A. villosum on the liver. The integration of network medicine analysis with experimental validation was used to explore the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanisms of A. villosum in rats. Our findings showed that A. villosum ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in body weight, liver index, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, blood lipid metabolism, and liver function in rats. Network proximity analysis was employed to identify 18 potentially active ingredients of A. villosum for ALD treatment. These potentially active ingredients in the blood were further identified using mass spectrometry (MS). Our results showed that A. villosum plays a hepatoprotective role by modulating the protein levels of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), anti-nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, the results of the current study suggested that A. villosum potentially exerts hepatoprotective effects on ALD in rats, possibly through regulating the protein levels of ESR1, NR3C1, IL-6, and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Sihua Wang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Junze Huang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Guangzhou Eighth People's HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | | | - Tingbiao Wu
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Qing Fan
- Basic Medical Science DepartmentZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Yongyin Liang
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Guozhen Cui
- School of BioengineeringZhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
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218
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Sparkes E, Timmerman A, Markham JW, Boyd R, Gordon R, Walker KA, Kevin RC, Hibbs DE, Banister SD, Cairns EA, Stove C, Ametovski A. Synthesis and Functional Evaluation of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists Related to ADB-HEXINACA. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1787-1812. [PMID: 38597712 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
ADB-HEXINACA has been recently reported as a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA), one of the largest classes of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). This compound marks the entry of the n-hexyl tail group into the SCRA landscape, which has continued in the market with recent, newly detected SCRAs. As such, a proactive characterization campaign was undertaken, including the synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of ADB-HEXINACA and a library of 41 closely related analogues. Two in vitro functional assays were employed to assess activity at CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, measuring Gβγ-coupled agonism through a fluorescence-based membrane potential assay (MPA) and β-arrestin 2 (βarr2) recruitment via a live cell-based nanoluciferase complementation reporter assay. ADB-HEXINACA was a potent and efficacious CB1 agonist (CB1 MPA pEC50 = 7.87 ± 0.12 M; Emax = 124 ± 5%; βarr2 pEC50 = 8.27 ± 0.14 M; Emax = 793 ± 42.5), as were most compounds assessed. Isolation of the heterocyclic core and alkyl tails allowed for the comprehensive characterization of structure-activity relationships in this compound class, which were rationalized in silico via induced fit docking experiments. Overall, most compounds assessed are possibly emerging NPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sparkes
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Axelle Timmerman
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jack W Markham
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Rochelle Boyd
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Rebecca Gordon
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Katelyn A Walker
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Richard C Kevin
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - David E Hibbs
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Samuel D Banister
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Cairns
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adam Ametovski
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
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219
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Seong SM, Go RE, Lee HK, Choi KC. Fludioxonil induces cardiotoxicity via mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in two cardiomyocyte models. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2993-3002. [PMID: 38314641 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Fludioxonil (Flu) is a phenylpyrrole fungicide and is currently used in over 900 agricultural products globally. Flu possesses endocrine-disrupting chemical-like properties and has been shown to mediate various physiological and pathological changes, such as apoptosis and differentiation, in diverse cell lines. However, the effects of Flu on cardiomyocytes have not been studied so far. The present study investigated the effects of Flu on mitochondria in AC16 human cardiomyocytes and H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts. Flu decreased cell viability in a water-soluble tetrazolium assay and mediated morphological changes suggestive of apoptosis in AC16 and H9c2 cells. We confirmed that annexin V positive cells were increased by Flu through annexin V/propidium iodide staining. This suggests that the decrease in cell viability due to Flu may be associated with increased apoptotic changes. Flu consistently increased the expression of pro-apoptotic markers such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and cleaved-caspase 3. Further, Flu reduced the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in AC16 and H9c2 cells, which is associated with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) as observed through JC-1 staining. In addition, Flu augmented the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which can trigger oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. Taken together, these results indicate that Flu induces mitochondrial dysregulation in cardiomyocytes via the downregulation of the OCR and MMP and upregulation of the oxidative stress, consequently resulting in the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. This study provides evidence of the risk of Flu toxicity on cardiomyocytes leading to the development of cardiovascular diseases and suggests that the use of Flu in agriculture should be done with caution and awareness of the probable health consequences of exposure to Flu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Min Seong
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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220
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Xu M, Wang W, Cheng J, Qu H, Xu M, Wang L. Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on cellular function: Role in atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116587. [PMID: 38636397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, an immunoinflammatory disease of medium and large arteries, is associated with life-threatening clinical events, such as acute coronary syndromes and stroke. Chronic inflammation and impaired lipoprotein metabolism are considered to be among the leading causes of atherosclerosis, while numerous risk factors, including arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and aging, can contribute to the development of the disease. In recent years, emerging evidence has underlined the key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is believed to result in an increase in reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and intracellular lipid deposition, all of which can contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Critical cells, including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and macrophages, play an important role in atherosclerosis. Mitochondrial function is also involved in maintaining the normal function of these cells. To better understand the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, this review summarizes the findings of recent studies and discusses the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the risk factors and critical cells of atherosclerosis. FACTS: OPEN QUESTIONS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwen Xu
- Clinical Skills Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingpei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Basic Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hongen Qu
- Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Minjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Basic Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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Weizman L, Sharon H, Dayan L, Espaniol J, Brill S, Nahman-Averbuch H, Hendler T, Jacob G. Oral Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Increases Parasympathetic Activity and Supraspinal Conditioned Pain Modulation in Chronic Neuropathic Pain Male Patients: A Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:375-385. [PMID: 38597988 PMCID: PMC11026292 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered autonomic nervous system regulation and supraspinal pain inhibition have been repeatedly described in chronic pain. We aimed to explore the effects of δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an emerging treatment option, on autonomic nervous system and central pain modulation measures in patients with chronic pain. METHODS Twelve male patients with chronic radicular neuropathic pain participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled, single-administration trial. Low/high frequency (LF/HF) heart rate variability (HRV) ratio and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) response were measured and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at baseline and after sublingual administration of either 0.2 mg/kg oral THC or placebo. RESULTS THC significantly reduced the LF/HF ratio compared with placebo (interaction effect F(1,11) = 20.5; p < 0.005) and significantly improved CPM responses (interaction effect F(1,9) = 5.2; p = 0.048). The THC-induced reduction in LF/HF ratio correlated with increased functional connectivity between the rostral ventrolateral medulla and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [T(10) = 6.4, cluster p-FDR < 0.005]. CONCLUSIONS THC shifts the autonomic balance towards increased parasympathetic tone and improves inhibitory pain mechanisms in chronic pain. The increase in vagal tone correlates with connectivity changes in higher-order regulatory brain regions, suggesting THC exerts top-down effects. These changes may reflect a normalizing effect of THC on multiple domains of supraspinal pain dysregulation. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT02560545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libat Weizman
- Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haggai Sharon
- Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Pain Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Dayan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Pain Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joumana Espaniol
- Department of Internal Medicine F, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Recanati Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Silviu Brill
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Pain Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadas Nahman-Averbuch
- Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Talma Hendler
- Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Giris Jacob
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Internal Medicine F, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Recanati Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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222
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Smereczańska M, Domian N, Lewandowska A, Kasacka I. Comparative assessment of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and cannabinoid receptors in the adrenals of hypertensive rats. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18376. [PMID: 38780511 PMCID: PMC11114211 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Taking into account homeostatic disorders resulting from arterial hypertension and the key importance of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and endocannabinoids in the functioning of many organs, it was decided to assess the presence and distribution of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 in the adrenal glands of hypertensive rats of various aetiology. The study was conducted on the adrenal glands of rats with spontaneous and renovascular hypertension. The expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 was detected by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR method. The results of the present study revealed both lower gene expression and immunoreactivity of CacyBP/SIP in the adrenal glands of all hypertensive groups compared to the normotensive rats. This study demonstrated a reduction in the immunoreactivity and expression of the β-catenin, CB1 and CB2 genes in the adrenals of 2K1C rats. While in SHR, the reaction showing β-catenin and CB1 was very weak or negative, and the expression of CB2 in the adrenal glands of these rats increased. The results of this study show, for the first time, marked differences in the expression of CacyBP/SIP, β-catenin and CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the adrenal glands of rats with primary (SHR) and secondary hypertension (2K1C).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- beta Catenin/genetics
- Male
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/genetics
- Adrenal Glands/metabolism
- Adrenal Glands/pathology
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Wistar
- Immunohistochemistry
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Cannabinoid/genetics
- Hypertension, Renovascular/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renovascular/genetics
- Hypertension, Renovascular/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Smereczańska
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Natalia Domian
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Alicja Lewandowska
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and CytophysiologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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223
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Fallah A, Hosseinzadeh Colagar A, Khosravi A, Saeidi M. Exosomes from SHED-MSC regulate polarization and stress oxidative indexes in THP-1 derived M1 macrophages. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 755:109987. [PMID: 38579956 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The inhibition of M1 macrophages may be interesting for targeted therapy with mesenchymal stem cell-derived Exosomes (MSC-EXOs). This study aimed to investigate the stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth-derived EXOs (SHED-MSC-EXOs) effect on regulating the pro- and anti-oxidant indexes and inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization. Besides, an in-silico analysis of SHED-MSC-EXO miRNAs as the highest frequency of small RNAs in the exosomes was performed to discover the possible mechanism. METHODS The flow cytometry analysis of CD80 and CD86 as M1-specific markers confirmed the polarization of macrophages derived from THP-1 cells. After exosome isolation, characterization, and internalization, THP-1-derived M1 macrophages were treated with SHED-MSC-EXOs. M1-specific markers and pro- and anti-oxidant indexes were evaluated. For in-silico analysis of SHED-MSC-EXOs miRNAs, initial miRNA array data of SHED-EXOs is collected from GEO, and the interaction of the miRNAs in M1 macrophage polarization (M1P), mitochondrial oxidative stress (MOS) and LPS-induced oxidative stress (LOS) were analyzed by miRWalk 3.0 server. Outcomes were filtered by 75th percentile signal intensity, score cut-off ≥0.95, minimum free energy (MEF)≤ -20 kcal/mol, and seed = 1. RESULTS It shows a decrease in the expression of CD80 and CD81, a reduction in pro-oxidant indicators, and an increase in the anti-oxidant indexes (P < 0.05). Computational analysis showed that eight microRNAs of SHED-MSC-EXO miRNAs can bind to and interfere with the expression of candidate genes in the M1P, MOS, and LOS pathways simultaneously. CONCLUSION SHED-MSCs-EXOs can be utilized to treat conditions related to M1 macrophage-induced diseases (M1IDs) due to their unique physical properties and ability to penetrate target cells easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fallah
- Molecular and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran.
| | - Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran.
| | - Ayyoob Khosravi
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4918936316, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Saeidi
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4918936316, Iran.
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224
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Wu J, Steward RL. Disturbed fluid flow reinforces endothelial tractions and intercellular stresses. J Biomech 2024; 169:112156. [PMID: 38761747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Disturbed fluid flow is well understood to have significant ramifications on endothelial function, but the impact disturbed flow has on endothelial biomechanics is not well understood. In this study, we measured tractions, intercellular stresses, and cell velocity of endothelial cells exposed to disturbed flow using a custom-fabricated flow chamber. Our flow chamber exposed cells to disturbed fluid flow within the following spatial zones: zone 1 (inlet; length 0.676-2.027 cm): 0.0037 ± 0.0001 Pa; zone 2 (middle; length 2.027-3.716 cm): 0.0059 ± 0.0005 Pa; and zone 3 (outlet; length 3.716-5.405 cm): 0.0051 ± 0.0025 Pa. Tractions and intercellular stresses were observed to be highest in the middle of the chamber (zone 2) and lowest at the chamber outlet (zone 3), while cell velocity was highest near the chamber inlet (zone 1), and lowest near the middle of the chamber (zone 2). Our findings suggest endothelial biomechanical response to disturbed fluid flow to be dependent on not only shear stress magnitude, but the spatial shear stress gradient as well. We believe our results will be useful to a host of fields including endothelial cell biology, the cardiovascular field, and cellular biomechanics in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - R L Steward
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States.
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225
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Attia SM, Albekairi NA, Alshamrani AA, Ahmad SF, Almutairi F, Attia MSM, Ansari MA, Bakheet SA, Harisa GI, Nadeem A. Dapagliflozin suppresses diabetes-induced oxidative DNA damage and hypermethylation in mouse somatic cells. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2024; 896:503765. [PMID: 38821673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder resulting from the interplay of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors that increase the risk of cancer development. However, it is unclear whether the increased cancer risk is due to poor glycemic control or the use of some antidiabetic medications. Therefore, we investigated the genetic and epigenetic changes in somatic cells in a mouse model of diabetes and studied whether multiple exposures to the antidiabetic medication dapagliflozin influence these changes. We also elucidated the mechanism(s) of these ameliorations. The micronucleus test and modified comet assay were used to investigate bone marrow DNA damage and methylation changes. These assays revealed that dapagliflozin is non-genotoxic in the tested regimen, and oxidative DNA damage and hypermethylation were significantly higher in diabetic mice. Spectrophotometry also evaluated oxidative DNA damage and global DNA methylation, revealing similar significant alterations induced by diabetes. Conversely, the dapagliflozin-treated diabetic animals significantly reduced these changes. The expression of some genes involved in DNA repair and DNA methylation was disrupted considerably in the somatic cells of diabetic animals. In contrast, dapagliflozin treatment significantly restored these disruptions and enhanced DNA repair. The simultaneous effects of decreased oxidative DNA damage and hypermethylation levels suggest that dapagliflozin can be used as a safe antidiabetic drug to reduce DNA damage and hypermethylation in diabetes, demonstrating its usefulness in patients with diabetes to control hyperglycemia and decrease the development of its subsequent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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226
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Esdar N, Pawlik E, Eickhoff SB, Raupach A, Ritz-Timme S, Mayer F. Cardiac effects of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:823-831. [PMID: 38214738 PMCID: PMC11003885 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids become increasingly popular as a supposedly safe and legal alternative to cannabis. In order to circumvent the German New Psychoactive Substances Law, producers of so-called herbal mixtures rapidly design new substances with structural alterations that are not covered by the law. Acting as full agonists not only at the cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2, synthetic cannabinoids might have not only desired mental but also serious physical adverse effects. However, knowledge of adverse effects of specific substances is sparse and incomplete. This also accounts for 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE, a synthetic cannabinoid, which has been detected regularly in Germany in recent years. By using an animal model, the isolated perfused Langendorff heart, the study at hand aimed on finding out more about possible cardiovascular adverse effects of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE. Hearts of male Wistar rats, which were excised postmortem, were exposed to two different concentrations of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE: 13 hearts were exposed to 50 ng/ml and 12 hearts were exposed to 100 ng/ml. Thirteen control hearts were merely exposed to an additional amount of buffer solution. Functional parameters heart rate, minimal and maximum left ventricular pressure and coronary flow were documented at pre-defined time points during and after the administration of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE/additional buffer solution. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) were documented throughout the experiments and evaluated afterwards. Kruskal-Wallis analysis was performed for each functional parameter as well as for the duration of the QRS complexes and the duration of RR intervals as derived from the ECGs. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis, comprising all functional and ECG parameters, was performed. Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed only single significant p-values for QRS duration and minimum left ventricular pressure that did not pass a Bonferroni test. The results of the multivariate approach were also comparably homogeneous, but still the model correctly recognized hearts exposed to 100 ng/ml of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE more often than hearts exposed to the low concentration of 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE or additional buffer solution. Evaluation of the ECGs presented single cases of ST depression and QT prolongation. Though certainly not unambiguous, these findings support the assumption that 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE can cause severe, if not lethal, cardiac adverse effects like arrhythmias or myocardial infarctions especially if it is consumed in combination with other drugs like alcohol or if the consumer suffers from pre-existing heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Esdar
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Departement of Trauma Surgery, Hand Surgery and Orthopedics, Petrus Hospital Wuppertal, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Evelyn Pawlik
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annika Raupach
- Departement of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ritz-Timme
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix Mayer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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227
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Zhao GP, Cheng WL, Zhang ZH, Li YX, Li YQ, Yang FW, Wang YB. The use of amino acids and their derivates to mitigate against pesticide-induced toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116340. [PMID: 38636261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides induces oxidative stress and deleterious effects on various tissues in non-target organisms. Numerous models investigating pesticide exposure have demonstrated metabolic disturbances such as imbalances in amino acid levels within the organism. One potentially effective strategy to mitigate pesticide toxicity involves dietary intervention by supplementing exogenous amino acids and their derivates to augment the body's antioxidant capacity and mitigate pesticide-induced oxidative harm, whose mechanism including bolstering glutathione synthesis, regulating arginine-NO metabolism, mitochondria-related oxidative stress, and the open of ion channels, as well as enhancing intestinal microecology. Enhancing glutathione synthesis through supplementation of substrates N-acetylcysteine and glycine is regarded as a potent mechanism to achieve this. Selection of appropriate amino acids or their derivates for supplementation, and determining an appropriate dosage, are of the utmost importance for effective mitigation of pesticide-induced oxidative harm. More experimentation is required that involves large population samples to validate the efficacy of dietary intervention strategies, as well as to determine the effects of amino acids and their derivates on long-term and low-dose pesticide exposure. This review provides insights to guide future research aimed at preventing and alleviating pesticide toxicity through dietary intervention of amino acids and their derivates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Zhao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wei-Long Cheng
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Inner Mongolia 013757, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Fang-Wei Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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228
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Şahin S, Azarkan SY, Türksoy VA. Evaluation of the effect of cannabidiol on the THLE-2 liver cell line exposed to lead. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:170901. [PMID: 38401722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Environmental and soil pollution increase the likelihood of human exposure to toxic metals. Therefore, there is a need for new methods and substances to protect individuals against the harmful effects caused by toxic metals. The study is the first to aim at determining the protective effect of cannabidiol (CBD) against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by toxic metal exposure in Transformed Human Liver Epithelial-2 (THLE-2) cell lines representing healthy liver cells. The IC50 value was determined by exposing THLE-2 human liver healthy cell line to different molarities of lead (Pb) using the XTT kit. The protective efficacy of CBD was assessed by adding 5 μM CBD in addition to the Pb doses determined at IC50 levels to the Pb groups created in cell lines. The levels of GSH, MDA, MPO, CAT, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in cell lines were determined using ELISA kits. The inhibition of toxic metal entry into the cells by CBD was assessed through ICP-MS analysis. The IC50 value for Pb was determined as 10 μM in 2D cell lines and 25 μM in 3D cell lines. It was observed that the application of 5 μM concentration of CBD, along with the determined IC50 doses for Pb, increased the cell proliferation rate. Furthermore, the decrease in GSH and CAT levels and the increase in MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels observed in cell lines treated only with Pb were reversed with the application of CBD. The ICP-MS analysis revealed that CBD reduced the cellular uptake of Pb. The reversal of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by Pb, the increase in cell proliferation, and the reduction in the cellular uptake of toxic metals by CBD can be considered as strong evidence for the protective use of CBD in Pb exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Şahin
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey.
| | - Serap Yalçın Azarkan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey.
| | - Vugar Ali Türksoy
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey.
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229
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Blancas-Luciano BE, Becker-Fauser I, Zamora-Chimal J, Jiménez-García L, Lara-Martínez R, Pérez-Torres A, González del Pliego M, Aguirre-Benítez EL, Fernández-Presas AM. Cystatin C: immunoregulation role in macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17252. [PMID: 38708345 PMCID: PMC11067906 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease, characterized by an exacerbated inflammatory response and a progressive loss of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key etiologic agent in periodontitis. Cystatin C is an antimicrobial salivary peptide that inhibits the growth of P. gingivalis. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of this peptide and its effect on cytokine production, nitric oxide (NO) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and programmed cell death in human macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. Methods Monocyte-derived macrophages generated from peripheral blood were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI 1:10) and stimulated with cystatin C (2.75 µg/ml) for 24 h. The intracellular localization of P. gingivalis and cystatin C was determined by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The intracellular antimicrobial activity of cystatin C in macrophages was assessed by counting Colony Forming Units (CFU). ELISA assay was performed to assess inflammatory (TNFα, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines. The production of nitrites and ROS was analyzed by Griess reaction and incubation with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), respectively. Programmed cell death was assessed with the TUNEL assay, Annexin-V, and caspase activity was also determined. Results Our results showed that cystatin C inhibits the extracellular growth of P. gingivalis. In addition, this peptide is internalized in the infected macrophage, decreases the intracellular bacterial load, and reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines and NO. Interestingly, peptide treatment increased ROS production and substantially decreased bacterial-induced macrophage apoptosis. Conclusions Cystatin C has antimicrobial and immuno-regulatory activity in macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the properties of cystatin C for its possible therapeutic use against oral infections such as periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Esther Blancas-Luciano
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ingeborg Becker-Fauser
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Hospital General de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Zamora-Chimal
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Hospital General de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Jiménez-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Reyna Lara-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Armando Pérez-Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita González del Pliego
- Departamento de Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elsa Liliana Aguirre-Benítez
- Departamento de Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana María Fernández-Presas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Huixquilucan, Universidad Anáhuac, Estado de México, México
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230
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Chicca A, Batora D, Ullmer C, Caruso A, Fingerle J, Hartung T, Degen R, Müller M, Grether U, Pacher P, Gertsch J. A highly potent, orally bioavailable pyrazole-derived cannabinoid CB2 receptor-selective full agonist for in vivo studies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591311. [PMID: 38903103 PMCID: PMC11188143 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The cannabinoid CB2 receptor (CB2R) is a potential therapeutic target for distinct forms of tissue injury and inflammatory diseases. To thoroughly investigate the role of CB2R in pathophysiological conditions and for target validation in vivo, optimal pharmacological tool compounds are essential. Despite the sizable progress in the generation of potent and selective CB2R ligands, pharmacokinetic parameters are often neglected for in vivo studies. Here, we report the generation and characterization of a tetra-substituted pyrazole CB2R full agonist named RNB-61 with high potency (K i 0.13-1.81 nM, depending on species) and a peripherally restricted action due to P-glycoprotein mediated efflux from the brain. 3H and 14C labelled RNB-61 showed apparent K d values < 4 nM towards human CB2R in both cell and tissue experiments. The >6000-fold selectivity over CB1 receptors and negligible off-targets in vitro, combined with high oral bioavailability and suitable systemic pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, prompted the assessment of RNB-61 in a mouse ischemia-reperfusion model of acute kidney injury (AKI) and in a rat model of chronic kidney injury/inflammation and fibrosis (CKI) induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. RNB-61 exerted dose-dependent nephroprotective and/or antifibrotic effects in the AKI/CKI models. Thus, RNB-61 is an optimal CB2R tool compound for preclinical in vivo studies with superior biophysical and PK properties over generally used CB2R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chicca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Batora
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Ullmer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Antonello Caruso
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Fingerle
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Roland Degen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Müller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Grether
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Pal Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury (P.P.), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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231
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Stapelmann K, Gershman S, Miller V. Plasma-liquid interactions in the presence of organic matter-A perspective. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 2024; 135:160901. [PMID: 38681528 PMCID: PMC11055635 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
As investigations in the biomedical applications of plasma advance, a demand for describing safe and efficacious delivery of plasma is emerging. It is quite clear that not all plasmas are "equal" for all applications. This Perspective discusses limitations of the existing parameters used to define plasma in context of the need for the "right plasma" at the "right dose" for each "disease system." The validity of results extrapolated from in vitro studies to preclinical and clinical applications is discussed. We make a case for studying the whole system as a single unit, in situ. Furthermore, we argue that while plasma-generated chemical species are the proposed key effectors in biological systems, the contribution of physical effectors (electric fields, surface charging, dielectric properties of target, changes in gap electric fields, etc.) must not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Stapelmann
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Sophia Gershman
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA
| | - Vandana Miller
- Center for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, USA
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232
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Hiraiwa H, Kasugai D, Okumura T, Murohara T. Clinical implications of septic cardiomyopathy: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37940. [PMID: 38669408 PMCID: PMC11049701 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is caused by the body's dysregulated response to infection, which can lead to multiorgan injury and death. Patients with sepsis may develop acute cardiac dysfunction, termed septic cardiomyopathy, which is a global but reversible dysfunction of both sides of the heart. This narrative review discusses the mechanistic changes in the heart during septic cardiomyopathy, its diagnosis, existing treatment options regarding severity and course, and emerging treatment approaches. Although no standardized definition for septic cardiomyopathy exists, it is described as a reversible myocardial dysfunction that typically resolves within 7 to 10 days. Septic cardiomyopathy is often diagnosed based on electrocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, biomarkers, and direct invasive and noninvasive measures of cardiac output. Presently, the treatment of septic cardiomyopathy is similar to that of sepsis, primarily focusing on acute interventions. Treatments for cardiomyopathy often include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and diuretics. However, because of profound hypotension in sepsis, many cardiomyopathy treatments are contraindicated in patients with septic cardiomyopathy. Substantial efforts have been made to study the pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnostic options; however, the lack of a uniform definition for septic cardiomyopathy is challenging for physicians when considering treatments. Another challenge for physicians is that the treatment for septic cardiomyopathy has only focused on acute intervention, whereas the treatment for other cardiomyopathies has been provided on a long-term basis. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of septic cardiomyopathy may contribute to the development of a unified definition of the condition and novel treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hiraiwa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kasugai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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233
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Herrald AL, Ambrogi EK, Mirica KA. Electrochemical Detection of Gasotransmitters: Status and Roadmap. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1682-1705. [PMID: 38593007 PMCID: PMC11196117 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are a class of gaseous, endogenous signaling molecules that interact with one another in the regulation of critical cardiovascular, immune, and neurological processes. The development of analytical sensing mechanisms for gasotransmitters, especially multianalyte mechanisms, holds vast importance and constitutes a growing area of study. This review provides an overview of electrochemical sensing mechanisms with an emphasis on opportunities in multianalyte sensing. Electrochemical methods demonstrate good sensitivity, adequate selectivity, and the most well-developed potential for the multianalyte detection of gasotransmitters. Future research will likely address challenges with sensor stability and biocompatibility (i.e., sensor lifetime and cytotoxicity), sensor miniaturization, and multianalyte detection in biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L Herrald
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Emma K Ambrogi
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Katherine A Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, 41 College Street, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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234
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Sanabria-Castro A, Alape-Girón A, Flores-Díaz M, Echeverri-McCandless A, Parajeles-Vindas A. Oxidative stress involvement in the molecular pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis: a literature review. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:355-371. [PMID: 38163257 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune debilitating disease of the central nervous system caused by a mosaic of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The pathological hallmarks of MS are chronic inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress, a state of imbalance between the production of reactive species and antioxidant defense mechanisms, is considered one of the key contributors in the pathophysiology of MS. This review is a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which oxidant species contribute to the initiation and progression of MS including mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of various signaling pathways, and autoimmune response activation. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes, as well as the role of oxidants in promoting and perpetuating inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, are discussed. Finally, this review also points out the therapeutic potential of various synthetic antioxidants that must be evaluated in clinical trials in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Sanabria-Castro
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Departamento de Farmacología, Toxicología y Farmacodependencia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Alape-Girón
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Marietta Flores-Díaz
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Ann Echeverri-McCandless
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
| | - Alexander Parajeles-Vindas
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, 10104, Costa Rica
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235
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Gong W, Lin H, Ma X, Ma H, Lan Y, Sun P, Yang J. The regional disparities in liver disease comorbidity among elderly Chinese based on a health ecological model: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1123. [PMID: 38654168 PMCID: PMC11040959 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for liver disease comorbidity among older adults in eastern, central, and western China, and explored binary, ternary and quaternary co-morbid co-causal patterns of liver disease within a health ecological model. METHOD Basic information from 9,763 older adults was analyzed using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). LASSO regression was employed to identify significant predictors in eastern, central, and western China. Patterns of liver disease comorbidity were studied using association rules, and spatial distribution was analyzed using a geographic information system. Furthermore, binary, ternary, and quaternary network diagrams were constructed to illustrate the relationships between liver disease comorbidity and co-causes. RESULTS Among the 9,763 elderly adults studied, 536 were found to have liver disease comorbidity, with binary or ternary comorbidity being the most prevalent. Provinces with a high prevalence of liver disease comorbidity were primarily concentrated in Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, and Henan. The most common comorbidity patterns identified were "liver-heart-metabolic", "liver-kidney", "liver-lung", and "liver-stomach-arthritic". In the eastern region, important combination patterns included "liver disease-metabolic disease", "liver disease-stomach disease", and "liver disease-arthritis", with the main influencing factors being sleep duration of less than 6 h, frequent drinking, female, and daily activity capability. In the central region, common combination patterns included "liver disease-heart disease", "liver disease-metabolic disease", and "liver disease-kidney disease", with the main influencing factors being an education level of primary school or below, marriage, having medical insurance, exercise, and no disabilities. In the western region, the main comorbidity patterns were "liver disease-chronic lung disease", "liver disease-stomach disease", "liver disease-heart disease", and "liver disease-arthritis", with the main influencing factors being general or poor health satisfaction, general or poor health condition, severe pain, and no disabilities. CONCLUSION The comorbidities associated with liver disease exhibit specific clustering patterns at both the overall and local levels. By analyzing the comorbidity patterns of liver diseases in different regions and establishing co-morbid co-causal patterns, this study offers a new perspective and scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gong
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, China
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiuting Ma
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hongliang Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yali Lan
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Research Center for Medical Science and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Ningxia Institute of Medical Science, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Public Health School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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236
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Luo Y, Li C, Ye F, Tian J, Tan X, Hu S, Zhao S. A Macrophage Membrane-Coated Cu-WO 3-x-Hydro820 Nanoreactor for Treatment and Photoacoustic/Fluorescence Dual-Mode Imaging of Inflamed Liver Tissue. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6483-6492. [PMID: 38613481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A disease-targeting nanoplatform that integrates imaging with therapeutic activity would facilitate early diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutic monitoring. To this end, a macrophage membrane-coated Cu-WO3-x-Hydro820 (CWHM) nanoreactor was prepared. This reactor was shown to target inflammatory tissues. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H2O2 and ·OH in inflammatory tissues can react with Hydro820 in the reactor to form the NIR fluorophore IR820. This process allowed photoacoustic/fluorescence dual-mode imaging of H2O2 and ·OH, and it is expected to permit visual diagnosis of inflammatory diseases. The Cu-WO3-x nanoparticles within the nanoreactor shown catalase and superoxide enzyme mimetic activity, allowing the nanoreactor to catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 and ·O2- in inflammatory cells of hepatic tissues in a mouse model of liver injury, thus alleviating the oxidative stress of damaged liver tissue. This nanoreactor illustrates a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis and inflammatory liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Luo
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Caiying Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fanggui Ye
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jianniao Tian
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xuecai Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities for Food Safety and Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical and Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Shengqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Belenichev I, Popazova O, Bukhtiyarova N, Savchenko D, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi O. Modulating Nitric Oxide: Implications for Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:504. [PMID: 38790609 PMCID: PMC11118938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in the fields of biology, physiology, molecular medicine, and pharmacology; the designation of the properties of nitrogen monoxide in the regulation of life-supporting functions of the organism; and numerous works devoted to this molecule, there are still many open questions in this field. It is widely accepted that nitric oxide (•NO) is a unique molecule that, despite its extremely simple structure, has a wide range of functions in the body, including the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system (CNS), reproduction, the endocrine system, respiration, digestion, etc. Here, we systematize the properties of •NO, contributing in conditions of physiological norms, as well as in various pathological processes, to the mechanisms of cytoprotection and cytodestruction. Current experimental and clinical studies are contradictory in describing the role of •NO in the pathogenesis of many diseases of the cardiovascular system and CNS. We describe the mechanisms of cytoprotective action of •NO associated with the regulation of the expression of antiapoptotic and chaperone proteins and the regulation of mitochondrial function. The most prominent mechanisms of cytodestruction-the initiation of nitrosative and oxidative stresses, the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and participation in apoptosis and mitosis. The role of •NO in the formation of endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction is also considered. Moreover, we focus on the various ways of pharmacological modulation in the nitroxidergic system that allow for a decrease in the cytodestructive mechanisms of •NO and increase cytoprotective ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Belenichev
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Formulation with Course of Normal Physiology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Olena Popazova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Nina Bukhtiyarova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Savchenko
- Department of Pharmacy and Industrial Drug Technology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
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238
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Ma R, Xie N, Shu Y, Wu Y, He P, Xiang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y. Cannabidiol alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice by regulating NF-κB and PPAR-α pathways. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10141. [PMID: 38711461 PMCID: PMC11070938 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis has become a serious public health problem that can develop into liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and even lead to death. Cannabidiol (CBD), which is an abundant nonpsychoactive component in the cannabis plant, exerts cytoprotective effects in many diseases and under pathological conditions. In our previous studies, CBD significantly attenuated liver injury induced by chronic and binge alcohol in a mouse model and oxidative bursts in human neutrophils. However, the effects of CBD on liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms still need to be further explored. A mouse liver fibrosis model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 10 weeks and used to explore the protective properties of CBD and related molecular mechanisms. After the injection protocol, serum samples and livers were used for molecular biology, biochemical and pathological analyses. The results showed that CBD could effectively improve liver function and reduce liver damage and liver fibrosis progression in mice; the expression levels of transaminase and fibrotic markers were reduced, and histopathological characteristics were improved. Moreover, CBD inhibited the levels of inflammatory cytokines and reduced the protein expression levels of p-NF-κB, NF-κB, p-IκBα, p-p38 MAPK, and COX-2 but increased the expression level of PPAR-α. We found that CBD-mediated protection involves inhibiting NF-κB and activating PPAR-α. In conclusion, these results suggest that the hepatoprotective effects of CBD may be due to suppressing the inflammatory response in CCl4-induced mice and that the NF-κB and PPAR-α signaling pathways might be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Ma
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Xie
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanhui Shu
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Ya’an City, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping He
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yining Xiang
- Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Di X, Martinez-Tellez B, Krekels EHJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Hankemeier T, Rensen PCN, Ruiz JR, Kohler I. Higher Plasma Levels of Endocannabinoids and Analogues Correlate With a Worse Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1351-1360. [PMID: 37967236 PMCID: PMC11031222 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a signaling system composed of endocannabinoids (eCBs), their receptors, and the enzymes involved in their synthesis and metabolism. Alterations in the ECS are linked to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the relationship between plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues with body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS The study included 133 young adults (age 22.1 ± 2.2 years, 67% women). Fasting plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Body composition, brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume, glucose uptake, and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors were measured. RESULTS Plasma levels of eCBs and several eCB analogues were positively correlated with adiposity and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors (eg, serum insulin and triacylglyceride levels, all r ≥ 0.17 and P ≤ .045). Plasma levels of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and N-pentadecenoylethanolamine were negatively correlated with BAT volume and glucose uptake (all r ≤ -0.17 and P ≤ .047). We observed that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were higher in metabolically unhealthy overweight-obese participants than in metabolically healthy overweight-obese participants. CONCLUSION Our findings show that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues are related to higher levels of adiposity and worse cardiometabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Di
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Elke H J Krekels
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liu S, Yin Y, Liu S, Wang C, Sun W, Hu X. Shining a light on liver health: advancements in fluorescence-enhanced enzyme biosensors for early disease detection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1392857. [PMID: 38707500 PMCID: PMC11066187 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1392857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection of liver diseases holds paramount importance in optimizing treatment outcomes and prognosis, thereby significantly enhancing the likelihood of recovery while mitigating the risk of progression to liver cancer. Liver diseases encompass a spectrum of conditions, each potentially manifesting distinct enzymatic profiles. Monitoring these enzymes in situ facilitates timely intervention and therapeutic management. In recent years, the field of biosensor technology has witnessed remarkable advancement, owing to strides in biomedicine and computational sciences. Biosensors have garnered widespread utility across medical and biological domains, spanning the detection of disease biomarkers, drug release tracking, ion imaging, and fluorescence imaging within living organisms. These applications have markedly enhanced imaging resolution and have the potential to refine disease diagnosis accuracy for clinicians. A pivotal aspect in the successful application of this technology lies in the construction of fluorescence probes adept at swiftly and selectively identifying target enzymes by amalgamating liver disease enzymes with fluorescence probe technology. However, research in this niche area remains relatively scarce. Building upon this foundational understanding, the present review delineates the utilization of biosensors in the early diagnosis of liver disease. Serving as a theoretical framework, this review envisages the development of high-performance biosensors tailored for the early detection of liver cancer. Furthermore, it offers insights into the potential of biosensor technology to progress and broaden its practical applications, thus contributing to the advancement of diagnostic methodologies in liver disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Liu
- Department of the Interventional Medical Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yatong Yin
- Qingdao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Shihai Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Congxiao Wang
- Department of the Interventional Medical Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Department of the Interventional Medical Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Stasiłowicz-Krzemień A, Szymanowska D, Szulc P, Cielecka-Piontek J. Antimicrobial, Probiotic, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Cannabis sativa Extract and Delivery Systems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:369. [PMID: 38667045 PMCID: PMC11047504 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and the synergy of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the Henola Cannabis sativae extract and its combinations with selected carriers (polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) in terms of antimicrobial, probiotic, and immunobiological effects. As a result of the conducted research, the antimicrobial activity of the extract was confirmed in relation to the following microorganisms: Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyrogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aereuginosa, and Candida albicans (microorganism count was reduced from ~102 CFU mL-1 to <10 CFU mL-1 in most cases). Additionally, for the system with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a significant probiotic potential against bacterial strains was established for strains Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Streptococcus thermophilus (microorganism count was increased from ~102 to 104-107). In terms of immunomodulatory properties, it was determined that the tested extract and the systems caused changes in IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stasiłowicz-Krzemień
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Daria Szymanowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego Street, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Szulc
- Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
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242
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Gao Y, Shi Y, Wei M, Yang X, Hao Y, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Hu G, Yang R. Muscularis macrophages controlled by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2476-2490. [PMID: 38725863 PMCID: PMC11077366 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peristaltic movements in gut are essential to propel ingested materials through the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal resident macrophages play an important role in this physiological function through protecting enteric neurons. However, it is incompletely clear how individuals maintain the homeostasis of gut motility. Here we found that NLRP3 is a critical factor in controlling loss of muscularis resident macrophages (MMs), and demonstrate that MMs are involved in the homeostasis of excitatory neurons such as choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)+ and vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2)+ but not inhibitory neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)+ neurons. NLRP3 knockout (KO) mice had enhanced gut motility and increased neurons, especially excitatory ChAT+ and VGLUT2+ neurons. Single cell analyses showed that there had increased resident macrophages, especially MMs in NLRP3 KO mice. The MM proportion in the resident macrophages was markedly higher than those in wild-type (WT) or caspase 1/11 KO mice. Deletion of the MMs and transplantation of the NLRP3 KO bone marrow cells showed that survival of the gut excitatory ChAT+ and VGLUT2+ neurons was dependent on the MMs. Gut microbiota metabolites β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) could promote gut motility through protecting MMs from pyroptosis. Thus, our data suggest that MMs regulated by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhuan Gao
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Statistics and Data Science, LPMC and KLMDASR, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yang Hao
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Hu
- School of Statistics and Data Science, LPMC and KLMDASR, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300121, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine; Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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243
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Yu Y, Wang L, Hou W, Xue Y, Liu X, Li Y. Identification and validation of aging-related genes in heart failure based on multiple machine learning algorithms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367235. [PMID: 38686376 PMCID: PMC11056574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the face of continued growth in the elderly population, the need to understand and combat age-related cardiac decline becomes even more urgent, requiring us to uncover new pathological and cardioprotective pathways. Methods We obtained the aging-related genes of heart failure through WGCNA and CellAge database. We elucidated the biological functions and signaling pathways involved in heart failure and aging through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. We used three machine learning algorithms: LASSO, RF and SVM-RFE to further screen the aging-related genes of heart failure, and fitted and verified them through a variety of machine learning algorithms. We searched for drugs to treat age-related heart failure through the DSigDB database. Finally, We use CIBERSORT to complete immune infiltration analysis of aging samples. Results We obtained 57 up-regulated and 195 down-regulated aging-related genes in heart failure through WGCNA and CellAge databases. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that aging-related genes are mainly involved in mechanisms such as Cellular senescence and Cell cycle. We further screened aging-related genes through machine learning and obtained 14 key genes. We verified the results on the test set and 2 external validation sets using 15 machine learning algorithm models and 207 combinations, and the highest accuracy was 0.911. Through screening of the DSigDB database, we believe that rimonabant and lovastatin have the potential to delay aging and protect the heart. The results of immune infiltration analysis showed that there were significant differences between Macrophages M2 and T cells CD8 in aging myocardium. Conclusion We identified aging signature genes and potential therapeutic drugs for heart failure through bioinformatics and multiple machine learning algorithms, providing new ideas for studying the mechanism and treatment of age-related cardiac decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Yu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wangjun Hou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yitao Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Mukherjee S, Chopra A, Karmakar S, Bhat SG. Periodontitis increases the risk of gastrointestinal dysfunction: an update on the plausible pathogenic molecular mechanisms. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-31. [PMID: 38602474 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2339260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an immuno-inflammatory disease of the soft tissues surrounding the teeth. Periodontitis is linked to many communicable and non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancers. The oral-systemic link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases is attributed to the spread of inflammation, microbial products and microbes to distant organ systems. Oral bacteria reach the gut via swallowed saliva, whereby they induce gut dysbiosis and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Some periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonas. gingivalis, Klebsiella, Helicobacter. Pylori, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus, Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetomcommitans and Streptococcus mutans can withstand the unfavorable acidic, survive in the gut and result in gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis increases gut inflammation, and induce dysplastic changes that lead to gut dysfunction. Various studies have linked oral bacteria, and oral-gut axis to various GIT disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, liver diseases, hepatocellular and pancreatic ductal carcinoma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Although the correlation between periodontitis and GIT disorders is well established, the intricate molecular mechanisms by which oral microflora induce these changes have not been discussed extensively. This review comprehensively discusses the intricate and unique molecular and immunological mechanisms by which periodontal pathogens can induce gut dysbiosis and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Mukherjee
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chopra
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shaswata Karmakar
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Subraya Giliyar Bhat
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Periodontology, College of Dental Surgery, Iman Abdulrahman Bin Faizal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Menéndez-Pérez C, Rivas-Santisteban R, del Valle E, Tolivia J, Navarro A, Franco R, Martínez-Pinilla E. Heteromers Formed by GPR55 and Either Cannabinoid CB 1 or CB 2 Receptors Are Upregulated in the Prefrontal Cortex of Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4176. [PMID: 38673761 PMCID: PMC11050292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system for which there is no cure, making it necessary to search for new treatments. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a very important neuromodulatory role in the CNS. In recent years, the formation of heteromers containing cannabinoid receptors and their up/downregulation in some neurodegenerative diseases have been demonstrated. Despite the beneficial effects shown by some phytocannabinoids in MS, the role of the ECS in its pathophysiology is unknown. The main objective of this work was to identify heteromers of cell surface proteins receptive to cannabinoids, namely GPR55, CB1 and CB2 receptors, in brain samples from control subjects and MS patients, as well as determining their cellular localization, using In Situ Proximity Ligation Assays and immunohistochemical techniques. For the first time, CB1R-GPR55 and CB2R-GPR55 heteromers are identified in the prefrontal cortex of the human brain, more in the grey than in the white matter. Remarkably, the number of CB1R-GPR55 and CB2R-GPR55 complexes was found to be increased in MS patient samples. The results obtained open a promising avenue of research on the use of these receptor complexes as potential therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Menéndez-Pérez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (E.d.V.); (J.T.); (A.N.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rafael Rivas-Santisteban
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.R.-S.); (R.F.)
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Campus Bellaterra, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Eva del Valle
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (E.d.V.); (J.T.); (A.N.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jorge Tolivia
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (E.d.V.); (J.T.); (A.N.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Navarro
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (E.d.V.); (J.T.); (A.N.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.R.-S.); (R.F.)
- CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.M.-P.); (E.d.V.); (J.T.); (A.N.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Tan S, Zou Z, Luan X, Chen C, Li S, Zhang Z, Quan M, Li X, Zhu W, Yang G. Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory Activities, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Pyxinol Derivatives as Inhibitors of NF-κB Activation. Molecules 2024; 29:1711. [PMID: 38675532 PMCID: PMC11052049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyxinol, an active metabolite of ginsenosides in human hepatocytes, exhibits various pharmacological activities. Here, a series of C-3 modified pyxinol derivatives was designed and virtually screened by molecular docking with the key inflammation-related proteins of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Some of the novel derivatives were synthesized to assess their effects in inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MtROS) in lipopolysaccharide-triggered RAW264.7 cells. Derivative 2c exhibited the highest NO and MtROS inhibitory activities with low cytotoxicity. Furthermore, 2c decreased the protein levels of interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase 2 and suppressed the activation of NF-κB signaling. Cellular thermal shift assays indicated that 2c could directly bind with p65 and p50 in situ. Molecular docking revealed that 2c's binding to the p65-p50 heterodimer and p50 homodimer was close to their DNA binding sites. In summary, pyxinol derivatives possess potential for development as NF-κB inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (S.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.L.); (C.C.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Gangqiang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (S.T.); (Z.Z.); (X.L.); (C.C.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Q.); (X.L.)
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Zhang H, Wang X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ka M, Ma Y, Xu J, Zhang W. Role of neutrophil myeloperoxidase in the development and progression of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149681. [PMID: 38382360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil infiltration and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by hypobaric hypoxic stress are vital in high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an important enzyme in neutrophils, is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress and is also involved in the regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an enzyme that catalyzes the production of the vasodilatory factor nitric oxide (NO). However, the role of neutrophil MPO in HAPE's progression is still uncertain. Therefore, we hypothesize that MPO is involved in the development of HAPE via NOS. METHODS In Xining, China (altitude: 2260 m), C57BL/6 N wild-type and mpo-/- mice served as normoxic controls, while a hypobaric chamber simulated 7000 m altitude for hypoxia. L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor to inhibit NO production, was the experimental drug, and D-NAME, without NOS inhibitory effects, was the control. After measuring pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), samples were collected and analyzed for blood neutrophils, oxidative stress, inflammation, vasoactive substances, pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier permeability, and lung tissue morphology. RESULTS Wild-type mice's lung injury scores, permeability, and neutrophil counts rose at 24 and 48 h of hypoxia exposure. Under hypoxia, PAP increased from 12.89 ± 1.51 mmHg under normoxia to 20.62 ± 3.33 mmHg significantly in wild-type mice and from 13.24 ± 0.79 mmHg to 16.50 ± 2.07 mmHg in mpo-/- mice. Consistent with PAP, inducible NOS activity, lung permeability, lung injury scores, oxidative stress response, and inflammation showed more significant increases in wild-type mice than in mpo-/- mice. Additionally, endothelial NOS activity and NO levels decreased more pronouncedly in wild-type mice than in mpo-/- mice. NOS inhibition during hypoxia led to more significant increases in PAP, permeability, and lung injury scores compared to the drug control group, especially in wild-type mice. CONCLUSION MPO knockout reduces oxidative stress and inflammation to preserve alveolar-capillary barrier permeability and limits the decline in endothelial NOS activity to reduce PAP elevation during hypoxia. MPO inhibition emerges as a prospective therapeutic strategy for HAPE, offering avenues for precise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), 810000, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710004, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, 710000, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
| | - Maojia Ka
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), 810000, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
| | - Yi Ma
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), 810000, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
| | - Jiaolong Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, 276400, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), 810000, China; Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810001, China.
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248
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Clarke GD, Yang EY. Editorial for "Biventricular Impairment and Ventricular Interdependence in Patients With Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy: Insights Through Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging". J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38580323 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey D Clarke
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eric Y Yang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Britto-Júnior J, Furlaneto R, Lima AT, de Oliveira MG, Severino B, Frecentese F, Fiorino F, Caliendo G, Muscará MN, De Nucci G. GKT137831 and hydrogen peroxide increase the release of 6-nitrodopamine from the human umbilical artery, rat-isolated right atrium, and rat-isolated vas deferens. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348876. [PMID: 38645555 PMCID: PMC11026650 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The human umbilical artery (HUA), rat-isolated right atrium, and rat-isolated vas deferens present a basal release of 6-nitrodopamine (6-ND). The basal release of 6-ND from these tissues was significantly decreased (but not abolished) when the tissues were pre-incubated with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Methods: In this study, the effect of the pharmacological modulation of the redox environment on the basal release of 6-ND was investigated. The basal release of 6-ND was measured using Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results and Discussion: Pre-incubation (30 min) of the tissues with GKT137831 (1 μM) caused a significant increase in the basal release of 6-ND from all tissues. In the HUA, pre-incubation with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) (100 μM) also caused significant increases in the basal release of 6-ND. Preincubation of the HUA with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 μM) increased 6-ND basal release, whereas pre-incubation with catalase (1,000 U/mL) significantly decreased it. Pre-incubation of the HUA with superoxide dismutase (SOD) (250 U/mL; 30 min) also significantly increased the basal release of 6-ND. Preincubation of the HUA with either allopurinol (100 μM) or uric acid (1 mM) had no effect on the basal release of 6-ND. Pre-treatment of the HUA with L-NAME (100 μM) prevented the increase in the basal release of 6-ND induced by GKT137831, diphenyleneiodonium, and H2O2. The results obtained indicate a major role of endogenous H2O2 and peroxidases as modulators of 6- ND biosynthesis/release and a lack of peroxynitrite contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Britto-Júnior
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rafael Furlaneto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Tiago Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Beatrice Severino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Frecentese
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Fiorino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caliendo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcelo Nicolás Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Sāo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto De Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Sāo Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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250
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Yamaga K, Nakao S, Mikoda N, Sztein JM, Nakagata N, Takeo T. High-concentration bovine serum albumin enhances fertilization ability of cold-stored rat sperm. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:131-137. [PMID: 38432992 PMCID: PMC11017099 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold transport of the cauda epididymides is a useful technique for shipping laboratory rat sperm. Cold transport of rat sperm avoids potential risks of microbiological infection, animal escape or death, and animal welfare issues. Previously, we reported that a cold-storage solution containing dimethyl sulfoxide and quercetin maintained the fertility of cold-stored rat sperm. However, cold-stored rat sperm exhibited a decreased fertilization rate after 24-h storage. To recover the fertility of cold-stored sperm, we focused on the effects of bovine serum albumin (BSA), a cholesterol acceptor that induces sperm capacitation. We sought to determine the optimal concentration of BSA in fertilization medium based on the fertility of cold-stored rat sperm. High concentrations of BSA (40 mg/ml) enhanced the fertilization rate of cold-stored rat sperm and maintained sperm fertility for 144 h. Embryos derived from cold-stored and BSA-treated sperm normally developed into pups after embryo transfer. In summary, high BSA concentrations enhanced the fertility of cold-stored rat sperm and prolonged the storage period to 144 h, thereby expanding the transportable region for genetically engineered rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuma Yamaga
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Satohiro Nakao
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mikoda
- Division of Reproductive Biotechnology and Innovation, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
- Kyudo Co., Ltd., Saga 841-0075, Japan
| | - Jorge Mario Sztein
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Biotechnology and Innovation, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toru Takeo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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