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Assessment of dietary calcium intake of university students: a pilot study in Turkey. Arch Osteoporos 2018; 13:36. [PMID: 29600439 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-018-0447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to adapt the rapid assessment method (RAM) and International Osteoporosis Foundation Food Frequency Questionnaire (IOF FFQ) tools, used for the assessment of daily calcium intake in university students, and to compare the data obtained using 24-h recall (24-HR) data. There was a moderate positive correlation between the RAM and IOF. PURPOSE/INTRODUCTION Calcium is an essential mineral that plays vital roles in metabolism and it is very important to accurately assess the amount of calcium intake on the diet. It was aimed to assess the daily calcium intake of university students by two different food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) developed specifically for evaluating calcium intake, and 24-h recall method. METHOD The study was conducted with a total of 183 female university students aged 18-31. In the study, a questionnaire including sociodemographic information, a calcium calculator, IOF FFQ, prepared in seven different languages, and RAM was applied. In addition, 1-day food consumption records were obtained using 24-HR method. RESULTS The daily average calcium intakes of individuals according to two different food frequency questionnaires (RAM FFQ and IOF FFQ) and 24-h food consumption records are respectively 1594.2 ± 810.9, 897.9 ± 368.4, and 605.6 ± 278.3 mg. When the daily average calcium intake was compared with the other two methods, RAM was found to be statistically higher (p < 0.001). There was a moderate positive correlation between the RAM and IOF FFQ methods (Pearson r = 0.528, p < 0.01) and the intra-class correlation coefficient between these two methods was found to be significant and moderate (ICC r = 0.452, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In terms of protecting and improving health, it is important to make suggestions using fast and short tools to ensure adequate calcium intake from young age. It is thought that FFQs are the most appropriate methods in assessing daily calcium intake for this study group because it is observed that the list of foods and the amount of portions in FFQs reduce the problem of remembering at 24-h method to a great extent.
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Hastert TA, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lê-Scherban F, Steffen BT, Steffen LM, Tsai MY, Jacobs DR, Baylin A. Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans fatty acids with body mass index: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:433-440. [PMID: 29151597 PMCID: PMC5876070 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Previous research has focused on associations between dietary fat and body mass index (BMI), but the contributions of different types of fat to BMI remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to estimate whether plasma phospholipid omega-3 (n-3), omega-6 (n-6) or trans fatty acids are associated with BMI at baseline and with subsequent BMI changes over time; and whether total phospholipid n-6 or trans fatty acids modify any association between phospholipid n-3 and BMI. METHODS Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear mixed models include 6243 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Participants were 45-84 years old, had no history of cardiovascular disease at baseline (2000-2002) and were followed for up to 10 years. Plasma phospholipid fatty acids were measured using fasting plasma samples at baseline. Fully adjusted models include demographics, health behaviors and other fatty acids (n-3, n-6 and trans) as appropriate. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, phospholipid n-3 fatty acid levels were inversely associated with baseline BMI (Ptrend <0.001). Baseline BMI was 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71, 1.57) kg m-2 lower among participants with total n-3 values in the highest vs the lowest quartiles, but was not associated with changes in BMI. Total phospholipid n-6 was positively associated with baseline BMI in partially adjusted but not fully adjusted models. No overall association was observed between fatty acid levels and changes in BMI. No clear association was observed between trans fatty acids and baseline BMI or BMI change. No effect modification in the association between phospholipid n-3 and baseline BMI or BMI change was observed by either phospholipid n-6 or trans fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS Phospholipid total and specific n-3 fatty acid levels were inversely associated with BMI at baseline, whereas associations tended to be positive for total n-6 fatty acids. Significant associations between fatty acid levels and BMI changes were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A. Hastert
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Félice Lê-Scherban
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T. Steffen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lyn M. Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ana Baylin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Peters JC, Marker R, Pan Z, Breen JA, Hill JO. The Influence of Adding Spices to Reduced Sugar Foods on Overall Liking. J Food Sci 2018; 83:814-821. [PMID: 29476623 PMCID: PMC5873279 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Reducing sugar intake is a major public health goal but many consumers are reluctant to use low calorie sweeteners. Two studies were conducted in healthy adults aged 18 to 65 to investigate whether addition of culinary spices to foods reduced in sugar could preserve hedonic liking. Test foods, black tea, oatmeal, and apple crisp, were prepared in full sugar (FS), reduced sugar (RS), and reduced sugar with spice (RSS) versions. Sugar reductions were 100%, 35%, and 37% for tea, oatmeal, and apple crisp, respectively. In Study 1, 160 subjects rated absolute liking of FS, RS, and RSS versions of a breakfast of oatmeal and tea and an afternoon snack of apple crisp on consecutive weeks. In Study 2, 150 subjects rated relative liking of all 3 versions of one food at the same seating, with different foods tested 1 wk apart. Liking was assessed using a 9‐point Likert scale. Both studies yielded similar results. For all 3 test items, liking was significantly higher for FS than for RS (P < 0.03). For tea, addition of spices did not significantly improve liking in either study. For oatmeal, addition of spices did not consistently improve liking compared to RS. For apple crisp, relative liking of RSS was not different then FS. These results indicate that it is possible to preserve the hedonic pleasure of a reduced sugar version of a dessert food, apple crisp, by addition of culinary spices. This may be a promising strategy to reduce sugar in some foods without using low calorie sweeteners. Practical Application Reducing sugar consumption is an important public health goal. Many consumers are reluctant to use low calorie sweeteners and alternative approaches are needed. Using culinary spices to enhance the flavor of foods may allow sugar reduction while still preserving acceptable overall liking.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Peters
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Univ. of Colorado, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., Mailstop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
| | - Ryan Marker
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Univ. of Colorado, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., Mailstop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
| | - Zhaoxing Pan
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123, E. 16th Ave., B065, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
| | - Jeanne Anne Breen
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Univ. of Colorado, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., Mailstop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
| | - James O Hill
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Univ. of Colorado, 12348 E. Montview Blvd., Mailstop C263, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A
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Li XS, Pinto-Martin JA, Thompson A, Chittams J, Kral TVE. Weight status, diet quality, perceived stress, and functional health of caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2018; 23. [PMID: 29240304 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be highly demanding and can put significant strain on caregivers. To date, little is known about the extent to which caregivers of children with ASD experience increased levels of stress which may adversely affect health outcomes. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to compare caregivers of children with ASD and caregivers of typically developing children (TDC) in weight status, diet quality, perceived stress related to the parenting role, and functional health and well-being. DESIGN AND METHODS Caregivers of 25 children with ASD and 30 TDC completed the 2005 Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, the 36-item Short Form of the Parenting Stress Index (PSI/SF), and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and had their heights and weights measured during an onsite visit. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010 and its dietary components and conformance to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. RESULTS ASD caregivers did not differ significantly from TDC caregivers in body mass index or overweight/obesity prevalence (p ≥ .28), even when controlling for covariates. In univariate analyses, ASD caregivers consumed significantly fewer empty calories from solid fats, alcohol, and added sugars than TDC caregivers (p = .03), but they did not differ significantly in any other dietary outcomes including nutrient adequacy (p ≥ .10) and mean total HEI scores (p = .20). ASD caregivers, when compared to TDC caregivers, reported significantly greater parenting stress for the subscales difficult child and parent-child dysfunctional interaction as well as total stress (p < .001). In addition, 56% of ASD caregivers compared with 6.7% of TDC caregivers showed clinically significant levels of stress (p < .0001); a finding which remained statistically significant when controlling for covariates. ASD and TDC caregivers did not differ significantly in any SF-36 health domains related to functional health and well-being (p ≥ .10). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Despite higher reported levels of stress, ASD caregivers did not differ significantly from TDC caregivers in diet- and health-related outcomes. Nurses and other health professionals should use comprehensive screening tools to assess overall caregiver stress and levels of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Sara Li
- Master of Public Health Program, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Jennifer A Pinto-Martin
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Aleda Thompson
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Jesse Chittams
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Tanja V E Kral
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennyslvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Comparison of food consumption and nutrient intake assessed with three dietary assessment methods: results of the German National Nutrition Survey II. Eur J Nutr 2017; 58:193-210. [PMID: 29189903 PMCID: PMC6424917 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comparison of food consumption, nutrient intake and underreporting of diet history interviews, 24-h recalls and weighed food records to gain further insight into specific strength and limitations of each method and to support the choice of the adequate dietary assessment method. METHODS For 677 participants (14-80 years) of the German National Nutrition Survey II confidence intervals for food consumption and nutrient intake were calculated on basis of bootstrapping samples, Cohen's d for the relevance of differences, and intraclass correlation coefficients for the degree of agreement of dietary assessment methods. Low energy reporters were identified with Goldberg cut-offs. RESULTS In 7 of 18 food groups diet history interviews showed higher consumption means than 24-h recalls and weighed food records. Especially mean values of food groups perceived as socially desirable, such as fruit and vegetables, were highest for diet history interviews. For "raw" and "cooked vegetables", the diet history interviews showed a mean consumption of 144 and 109 g/day in comparison with 68 and 70 g/day in 24-h recalls and 76 and 75 g/day in weighed food records, respectively. For "fruit", diet history interviews showed a mean consumption of 256 g/day in comparison with 164 g/day in 24-h recalls and 147 g/day in weighed food records. No major differences regarding underreporting of energy intake were found between dietary assessment methods. CONCLUSIONS With regard to estimating food consumption and nutrient intake, 24-h recalls and weighed food records showed smaller differences and better agreement than pairwise comparisons with diet history interviews.
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DeBiasse MA, Bowen DJ, Quatromoni PA, Quinn E, Quintiliani LM. Feasibility and Acceptability of Dietary Intake Assessment Via 24-Hour Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire among Women with Low Socioeconomic Status. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 118:301-307. [PMID: 29102422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive evaluation of dietary interventions depends on effective and efficient measurement to quantify behavior change. To date, little is known regarding which self-reported measure of dietary intake is most feasible and acceptable for use in evaluation of the effectiveness of diet intervention studies among underserved populations. OBJECTIVE This research focused on evaluating feasibility and acceptability of two self-report measures of diet. DESIGN Cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Two interviewer-administered 24-hour recalls and a 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were administered to both English- and Spanish-speaking participants (n=36) by native English- and Spanish-speaking research assistants. On completion of both dietary assessments, participants were interviewed regarding their preference of measure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility for completion of the dietary assessment measures was determined for contacts and retention. Acceptability of the measures was determined through responses to open- and closed-ended questions. RESULTS During the 5-month trial, 36 participants were enrolled; 29 completed both intake measures, and 26 completed both measures and the interview. Participants were mainly Hispanic/Latina (72%), with a mean age of 37.0 (±7.6) years. Feasibility targets were met for contacts (1.9, 1.6, 1.8 contact attempts to complete each diet assessment measure with a target of ≤2) and for retention with 89% and 91% completing two 24-hour recalls and the FFQ, respectively. Participants indicated both diet assessment methods were generally acceptable; both positive and negative comments were received for use of the FFQ. CONCLUSION Dietary assessment with the use of 24-hour recalls or an FFQ can be feasible and acceptable among women with low socioeconomic status, although care should be taken to address cultural appropriateness in the selection of the measurement method.
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Hayden KM, Beavers DP, Steck SE, Hebert JR, Tabung FK, Shivappa N, Casanova R, Manson JE, Padula CB, Salmoirago-Blotcher E, Snetselaar LG, Zaslavsky O, Rapp SR. The association between an inflammatory diet and global cognitive function and incident dementia in older women: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:1187-1196. [PMID: 28531379 PMCID: PMC5909961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets have been associated with lower dementia risk. We evaluated dietary inflammatory potential in relation to mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia risk. METHODS Baseline food frequency questionnaires from n = 7085 women (aged 65-79 years) were used to calculate Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores that were categorized into four groups. Cognitive function was evaluated annually, and MCI and all-cause dementia cases were adjudicated centrally. Mixed effect models evaluated cognitive decline on over time; Cox models evaluated the risk of MCI or dementia across DII groups. RESULTS Over an average of 9.7 years, there were 1081 incident cases of cognitive impairment. Higher DII scores were associated with greater cognitive decline and earlier onset of cognitive impairment. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing lower (anti-inflammatory; group 1 referent) DII scores to the higher scores were group 2-HR: 1.01 (0.86-1.20); group 3-HR: 0.99 (0.82-1.18); and group 4-HR: 1.27 (1.06-1.52). CONCLUSIONS Diets with the highest pro-inflammatory potential were associated with higher risk of MCI or dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Hayden
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Daniel P Beavers
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Connecting health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Connecting health Innovations, LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Ramon Casanova
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia B Padula
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Elena Salmoirago-Blotcher
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital; Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Warren Alpert School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Linda G Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Oleg Zaslavsky
- Department of Behavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Um CY, Judd SE, Flanders WD, Fedirko V, Bostick RM. Associations of Calcium and Dairy Products with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Prospective Cohort Study. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1185-1195. [PMID: 29125314 PMCID: PMC6145131 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1367946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Associations of calcium and dairy product intakes with cardiovascular disease risk and cancer mortality are controversial. We investigated associations of calcium and dairy product intakes with mortality in the prospective REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study (n = 30,239). Of 2,966 total deaths, 32.3% were from CVD and 28.8% from cancer. For those in the upper relative to the lowest quintile of intakes, from Cox proportional hazards regression models, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality were 1.13 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.95-1.35; P-trend 0.004) for whole milk, and 0.75 (CI 0.61-0.93; P-trend 0.001) for nonfat milk; for CVD mortality the corresponding HRs were 0.80 (CI 0.55-1.16; P-trend 0.80) and 0.72 (CI 0.49-1.05; P-trend 0.06); and for cancer mortality they were 1.56 (CI 1.17-2.08; P-trend 0.006) and 0.89 (CI 0.62-1.28; P-trend 0.86). Calcium (total, dietary, supplemental) and total dairy product intakes were not associated with all-cause, cardiovascular, or cancer mortality. These results suggest that whole milk consumption may be directly associated with cancer mortality; non-fat milk consumption may be inversely associated with all-cause and cardiovascular- and cancer-specific mortality; and calcium intake independent of milk product intakes may not be associated with mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Y. Um
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Suzanne E. Judd
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL
| | - W. Dana Flanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Roberd M. Bostick
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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209
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Muhardi L, Zhao Y, Solah V, Fyfe S, Soares MJ. The influence of ethnicity and glucose tolerance status on subjective hunger sensations and prospective food intake in overweight and obese Asian and European Australians. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 1:S391-S396. [PMID: 28325542 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the influence of ethnicity and glucose tolerance status on subjective sensations and food intake in overweight/obese Asian and European Australians. METHODS 18 Asians and 26 Europids were classified as normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) based on serial measures of finger-prick glucose following an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subjective sensations of hunger and satiety were measured before and every 15min after the OGTT using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Food intake was measured covertly from consumption of a buffet style lunch and from self-maintained 24h food records. All serial measurements were converted into total area under the curve (TAUC) and comparisons adjusted for age, fat and fat-free mass. RESULTS There was a significant difference interaction between ethnicity (ETH) and glucose tolerance (GTT) for subjective fullness, desire for food and prospective food intake. IGT Asians had significantly greater sensations of fullness, but lesser prospective food and desire to eat, as compared to other groups. However there were no differences in calorie and macronutrient intake at buffet lunch or over 24-h. CONCLUSION Interactions between ethnicity and glucose tolerance status in subjective sensations did not transcribe to differences in prospective food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilani Muhardi
- Food, Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Yun Zhao
- Occupation & the Environment, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Vicky Solah
- Food, Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Susan Fyfe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Mario J Soares
- Food, Nutrition & Health, School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Wong MMY, Arcand J, Leung AA, Thout SR, Campbell NRC, Webster J. The science of salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (December 2015-March 2016). J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2017; 19:322-332. [PMID: 28266792 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to identify, summarize, and critically appraise studies on dietary salt relating to health outcomes that were published from December 2015 to March 2016. The search strategy was adapted from a previous systematic review on dietary salt and health. Overall, 13 studies were included in the review: one study assessed cardiovascular events, nine studies assessed prevalence or incidence of blood pressure or hypertension, one study assessed kidney disease, and two studies assessed other health outcomes (obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). Four studies were selected for detailed appraisal and commentary. One study met the minimum methodologic criteria and found an increased risk associated with lower sodium intake in patients with heart failure. All other studies identified in this review demonstrated positive associations between dietary salt and adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Y Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - JoAnne Arcand
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Norm R C Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology and Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jacqui Webster
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Ellis AC, Dudenbostel T, Locher JL, Crowe-White K. Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Elders: The MOXIE Study. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 35:219-242. [PMID: 27897608 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2016.1250693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness increase with advancing age and are early predictors of future CVD outcomes. We designed the Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Elders (MOXIE) study to examine the effects of 100% watermelon juice as a "food-first" intervention to reduce CVD risk among African American (AA) and European American (EA) women aged 55-69 years. Vascular dysfunction is more pronounced in AA compared to EA women due in part to lower nitric oxide bioavailability caused by higher oxidative stress. However, bioactive compounds in watermelon may improve vascular function by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and antioxidant capacity. This trial will use a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design to investigate the potential of 100% watermelon juice to positively impact various robust measures of vascular function as well as serum biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity. This nutrition intervention and its unique methodology to examine both clinical and mechanistic outcomes are described in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Cameron Ellis
- a Human Nutrition, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama , USA
| | - Tanja Dudenbostel
- b School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
| | - Julie L Locher
- c Geriatrics and Health Care Organizations and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama , USA
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Stahl ST, Emanuel J, Albert SM, Dew MA, Schulz R, Robbins-Welty G, Reynolds CF. Design and Rationale for a Technology-based Healthy Lifestyle Intervention in Older Adults Grieving the Loss of a Spouse. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2017; 8:99-105. [PMID: 29170758 PMCID: PMC5695565 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Experiencing the death of a spouse during late life is associated with an increased risk of developing debilitating mental health problems. Healthy lifestyle practices, such as regular exercise, healthy eating, and good sleep hygiene are promising strategies to influence the mental health and associated physical symptoms of late-life spousal bereavement. Objective This paper describes the design and rationale of an intervention development study addressing selective and indicated prevention of depression, anxiety, and/or complicated grief disorder(s) among adults 60 years and older who are grieving the recent loss (within 8 months) of a spouse or partner. Methods In Phase I, now complete, we developed and standardized behavioral self-monitoring of daily lifestyle choices via an electronic diary (BSM) and the combined BSM + motivational interviewing-based lifestyle coaching (BSM+MI) to be administered to participants grieving the loss of loved one. In Phase II, we have been implementing the interventions in a randomized controlled trial and addressing challenges related to recruitment. Randomization is to one of three cells: BSM, BSM+MI, or an enhanced usual care condition. Discussion Several challenges in implementing our lifestyle interventions to older widow(er)s who are at risk for common mental disorders have been identified. Direct outreach to hospice organizations is an effective way to identify older adults in the early months following spousal death. Results from study may advance the field of grief support and promote a healthy adaptation to widowhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T. Stahl
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - James Emanuel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Steven M. Albert
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Richard Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, USA
- University Center for Social and Urban Research, University of Pittsburgh, USA
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213
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Health promotion research in active duty army soldiers: The road to a fit and ready force. Nurs Outlook 2017; 65:S6-S16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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214
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Nieuwsma JA, Wray LO, Voils CI, Gierisch JM, Dundon M, Coffman CJ, Jackson GL, Merwin R, Vair C, Juntilla K, White-Clark C, Jeffreys AS, Harris A, Owings M, Marr J, Edelman D. A problem-solving intervention for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in veterans: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2017; 60:42-50. [PMID: 28600161 PMCID: PMC5579718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health behaviors related to diet, tobacco usage, physical activity, medication adherence, and alcohol use are highly determinative of risk for developing cardiovascular disease. This paper describes a study protocol to evaluate a problem-solving intervention that aims to help patients at risk for developing cardiovascular disease address barriers to adopting positive health behaviors in order to reduce cardiovascular risk. METHODS Eligible patients are adults enrolled in Veterans Affairs (VA) health care who have not experienced a cardiovascular event but are at elevated risk based on their Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Participants in this two-site study are randomized to either the intervention or care as usual, with a target of 400 participants. The study intervention, Healthy Living Problem-Solving (HELPS), consists of six group sessions conducted approximately monthly interspersed with individualized coaching calls to help participants apply problem-solving principles. The primary outcome is FRS, analyzed at the beginning and end of the study intervention (6months). Participants also complete measures of physical activity, caloric intake, self-efficacy, group cohesion, problem-solving capacities, and demographic characteristics. CONCLUSION Results of this trial will inform behavioral interventions to change health behaviors in those at risk for cardiovascular disease and other health conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01838226.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Nieuwsma
- Mid-Atlantic MIRECC, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - Laura O Wray
- VA Center for Integrated Healthcare, VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, United States; Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Corrine I Voils
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer M Gierisch
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Margaret Dundon
- National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cynthia J Coffman
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - George L Jackson
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rhonda Merwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Christina Vair
- VA Center for Integrated Healthcare, VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Karen Juntilla
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Courtney White-Clark
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Amy S Jeffreys
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Amy Harris
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Michael Owings
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Johnpatrick Marr
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - David Edelman
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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Stolley M, Sheean P, Gerber B, Arroyo C, Schiffer L, Banerjee A, Visotcky A, Fantuzzi G, Strahan D, Matthews L, Dakers R, Carridine-Andrews C, Seligman K, Springfield S, Odoms-Young A, Hong S, Hoskins K, Kaklamani V, Sharp L. Efficacy of a Weight Loss Intervention for African American Breast Cancer Survivors. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35:2820-2828. [PMID: 28628363 PMCID: PMC5562172 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.71.9856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose African American women with breast cancer have higher cancer-specific and overall mortality rates. Obesity is common among African American women and contributes to breast cancer progression and numerous chronic conditions. Weight loss interventions among breast cancer survivors positively affect weight, behavior, biomarkers, and psychosocial outcomes, yet few target African Americans. This article examines the effects of Moving Forward, a weight loss intervention for African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS) on weight, body composition, and behavior. Patients and Methods Early-stage (I-III) AABCS were randomly assigned to a 6-month interventionist-guided (n = 125) or self-guided (n = 121) weight loss program supporting behavioral changes to promote a 5% weight loss. Anthropometric, body composition, and behavioral data were collected at baseline, postintervention (6 months), and follow-up (12 months). Descriptive statistics and mixed models analyses assessed differences between groups over time. Results Mean (± standard deviation) age, and body mass index were 57.5 (± 10.1) years and 36.1 (± 6.2) kg/m2, respectively, and 82% had stage I or II breast cancer. Both groups lost weight. Mean and percentage of weight loss were greater in the guided versus self-guided group (at 6 months: 3.5 kg v 1.3kg; P < .001; 3.6% v 1.4%; P < .001, respectively; at 12 months: 2.7 kg v 1.6 kg; P < .05; 2.6% v 1.6%; P < .05, respectively); 44% in the guided group and 19% in the self-guided group met the 5% goal. Body composition and behavioral changes were also greater in the interventionist-guided group at both time points. Conclusion The study supports the efficacy of a community-based interventionist-guided weight loss program targeting AABCS. Although mean weight loss did not reach the targeted 5%, the mean loss of > 3% at 6 months is associated with improved health outcomes. Affordable, accessible health promotion programs represent a critical resource for AABCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Stolley
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Patricia Sheean
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Ben Gerber
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Claudia Arroyo
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Linda Schiffer
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Anjishnu Banerjee
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Alexis Visotcky
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Desmona Strahan
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Lauren Matthews
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Roxanne Dakers
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Cynthia Carridine-Andrews
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Katya Seligman
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Sparkle Springfield
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Angela Odoms-Young
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Susan Hong
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Kent Hoskins
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Virginia Kaklamani
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
| | - Lisa Sharp
- Melinda Stolley, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Lauren Matthews, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI; Patricia Sheean, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood; Ben Gerber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Roxanne Dakers, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Kent Hoskins, and Lisa Sharp, University of Illinois at Chicago; Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Chicago Park District; Susan Hong, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; and Virginia Kaklamani, University of San Antonio, San Antonio TX
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LeCheminant J, Merrill RM, Masterson TD. Changes in Behaviors and Outcomes Among School-Based Employees in a Wellness Program. Health Promot Pract 2017; 18:895-901. [PMID: 28758507 DOI: 10.1177/1524839917716931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the health behavior changes and mental-health and job-related outcomes of school-based employees over 2 years while participating in a worksite wellness program. METHOD All participants in this analysis (n = 1,873) were employees of a large public school district in the western United States and voluntarily enrolled in a comprehensive wellness program. Exercise level, fruit and vegetable consumption, restful sleep, smoking, alcohol consumption, self-rated health, mental health-related outcomes (stress, depression, life-satisfaction, and loneliness), and job-related outcomes (job performance, absenteeism, job-related satisfaction) are reported. RESULTS There was an increase in days and minutes/week exercised, fruit/vegetable consumption, days per week of restful sleep, and a decrease in alcohol consumption (ps < .037) over 2 years. Among those who reported smoking, the number of days smoked increased after 1 year but then dropped below baseline levels at year 2 (p < .0001). Several mental health-related outcomes improved (ps < .033); however, job performance was slightly lower (↓ 2%), and the other job-related outcomes were unchanged. CONCLUSION School employees may benefit from a comprehensive worksite wellness program, particularly to improve health behaviors. However, mental health and job-related outcome results were mixed over 2 years.
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217
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Farina EK, Taylor JC, Means GE, Murphy NE, Pasiakos SM, Lieberman HR, McClung JP. Effects of deployment on diet quality and nutritional status markers of elite U.S. Army special operations forces soldiers. Nutr J 2017; 16:41. [PMID: 28673301 PMCID: PMC5496422 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Special Operations Forces (SOF) Soldiers deploy frequently and require high levels of physical and cognitive performance. Nutritional status is linked to cognitive and physical performance. Studies evaluating dietary intake and nutritional status in deployed environments are lacking. Therefore, this study assessed the effects of combat deployment on diet quality and serum concentrations of nutritional status markers, including iron, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), glucose, and lipids, among elite United States (U.S.) Army SOF Soldiers. Methods Changes from baseline to post-deployment were determined with a repeated measure within-subjects design for Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores, intake of foods, food groups, key nutrients, and serum nutritional status markers. Dietary intake was assessed with a Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. The association between post-deployment serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) and PTH was determined. Analyses of serum markers were completed on 50 participants and analyses of dietary intake were completed on 33 participants. Results In response to deployment, HEI-2010 scores decreased for total HEI-2010 (70.3 ± 9.1 vs. 62.9 ± 11.1), total fruit (4.4 ± 1.1 vs. 3.7 ± 1.5), whole fruit (4.6 ± 1.0 vs. 4.2 ± 1.4), dairy (6.2 ± 2.7 vs. 4.8 ± 2.4), and empty calories (14.3 ± 3.2 vs. 11.1 ± 4.5) (P ≤ 0.05). Average daily intakes of foods and food groups that decreased included total dairy (P < 0.01), milk (P < 0.01), and non-juice fruit (P = 0.03). Dietary intake of calcium (P = 0.05) and vitamin D (P = 0.03) decreased. PTH increased from baseline (3.4 ± 1.6 vs. 3.8 ± 1.4 pmol/L, P = 0.04), while there was no change in 25-OH vitamin D. Ferritin decreased (385 ± 173 vs. 354 ± 161 pmol/L, P = 0.03) and soluble transferrin receptor increased (16.3 ± 3.7 vs. 17.1 ± 3.5 nmol/L, P = 0.01). There were no changes in glucose or lipids. Post-deployment, serum 25-OH vitamin D was inversely associated with PTH (r = −0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusions HEI-2010 scores and dietary intake of milk, calcium, and vitamin D decreased following deployment. Serum PTH increased and iron stores were degraded. No Soldiers were iron deficient. Personnel that deploy frequently should maintain a high diet quality in the U.S. and while deployed by avoiding empty calories and consuming fruits, vegetables, and adequate sources of calcium, vitamin D, and iron. Improving availability and quality of perishable food during deployment may improve diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Farina
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720-A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. .,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 492 Millennium Drive, Suite 101, Belcamp, MD, 21017, USA. .,U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Building 42, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
| | - Jonathan C Taylor
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, 330 C Street, NW, Washington, DC, 20201, USA
| | - Gary E Means
- U.S. Army Special Operations Command, 2929 Desert Storm Drive, Fort Bragg, NC, 28303, USA
| | - Nancy E Murphy
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Building 42, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Stefan M Pasiakos
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Building 42, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Harris R Lieberman
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Building 42, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - James P McClung
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Nutrition Division, 10 General Greene Avenue, Building 42, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
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Ogunmoroti O, Oni E, Michos ED, Spatz ES, Allen NB, Rana JS, Virani SS, Blankstein R, Aronis KN, Blumenthal RS, Veledar E, Szklo M, Blaha MJ, Nasir K. Life's Simple 7 and Incident Heart Failure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.005180. [PMID: 28655734 PMCID: PMC5669160 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The American Heart Association introduced the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics to assess and promote cardiovascular health. We sought to examine the association between the LS7 metrics and incident heart failure (HF) in a multiethnic cohort. Methods and Results We analyzed data from 6506 participants of the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. The LS7 metrics (smoking, physical activity, body mass index, diet, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) were graded on a scale of 0 to 2, with 2 indicating “ideal” status, 1 “intermediate” status, and 0 “poor” status. Points were summed, thus the LS7 score ranged from 0 to 14. Cox proportional hazard ratios and incidence rates of HF per 1000 person‐years were calculated. During a median follow‐up of 12.2 years, 262 (4%) participants developed HF. Incidence of HF decreased as the number of ideal LS7 metrics increased; 5.9 per 1000 person‐years for participants with 0 to 1 ideal metrics and 0.6 per 1000 person‐years for those with 6 to 7 ideal metrics. Compared with inadequate scores (0–8 points), hazard ratios for HF were 0.57 (0.43–0.76) and 0.31 (0.19–0.49) for average (9–10 points) and optimal (11–14 points) scores, respectively. A similar pattern was observed when the results were stratified by 4 racial/ethnic groups: white, Chinese American, black, and Hispanic. Conclusions A lower risk of HF with more favorable LS7 status regardless of race/ethnicity suggests that efforts to achieve ideal cardiovascular health may reduce the burden of HF, a major source of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL.,Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | | | - Erin D Michos
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Erica S Spatz
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jamal S Rana
- Division of Cardiology and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Salim S Virani
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX.,Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Konstantinos N Aronis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Emir Veledar
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL.,Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL .,Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL.,Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL.,Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL.,Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Thomas JG, Raynor HA, Bond DS, Luke AK, Cardoso CC, Foster GD, Wing RR. Weight loss in Weight Watchers Online with and without an activity tracking device compared to control: A randomized trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:1014-1021. [PMID: 28437597 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a commercial online weight loss program and activity tracker, which are popular but have unknown efficacy. METHODS Two hundred seventy-nine participants with BMI 27 to 40 kg/m2 were randomized to 12 months of the Weight Watchers Online program alone (WWO) or with the ActiveLink® activity tracking device (WWO+AL) or an online newsletter (Control). RESULTS Weight losses at 3 months were significantly greater in WWO (2.7 kg [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.0-3.5 kg] than Control (1.3 kg [95% CI, 0.5-2.0 kg]; P = 0.01); neither differed from WWO+AL (2.0 kg [95% CI, 1.3-2.7 kg]; Ps > 0.56). Significantly more WWO participants (24.5%) achieved ≥ 5% weight loss at 3 months than Control (9.4%) (P = 0.01); neither differed from WWO+AL (17.6%) (Ps = 0.13-0.28). At 12 months, there were no significant differences between groups in weight loss (Ps > 0.52). WWO (25.5%) continued to have a higher proportion of participants achieving ≥ 5% weight loss than Control (12.9%) (P = 0.04); neither differed from WWO+AL (14.3%) (Ps > 0.10). There were no significant between-group differences in change in physical activity (Ps > 0.17). CONCLUSIONS WWO produced significantly more weight loss at 3 months relative to Control, but not at 12 months. Significantly more WWO than Control participants lost ≥ 5% at both 3 and 12 months. Participants receiving an activity tracking device did not achieve greater weight loss or physical activity increases than those in a Control condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Hollie A Raynor
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dale S Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Anna K Luke
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Chelsi C Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gary D Foster
- Weight Watchers International, Inc., New York City, New York, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Subar AF, Kushi LH, Lerman JL, Freedman LS. Invited Commentary: The Contribution to the Field of Nutritional Epidemiology of the Landmark 1985 Publication by Willett et al. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 185:1124-1129. [PMID: 28535308 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) has been the primary source of dietary exposure data in epidemiology for decades. Although frequency instruments had been evaluated before the 1985 publication "Reproducibility and Validity of a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire" by Willett et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 1985;122(1):51-65), that paper was the prototype for the development and validation of what was then a highly innovative method for collecting dietary data. This approach was adopted in nearly all subsequent cohort studies of diet and disease. The paper also catalyzed an extended scientific discourse regarding methods for validation, energy adjustment, and measurement error. It is now well established that data from FFQs and other self-reported dietary assessment instruments have both value and error and that this error should be considered in the analysis and interpretation of findings, including sensitivity analyses in which adjustment for measurement error is explored. Advances in technology make it feasible to consider collecting multiple granular short-term instruments such as recalls or records over time in addition to FFQs among all participants in large cohort studies; both provide valuable information. Without a doubt, the 1985 publication by Willett et al. provided the foundation that propelled the field of nutritional epidemiology forward, and it continues to be relevant today.
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221
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Creasy SA, Rogers RJ, Davis KK, Gibbs BB, Kershaw EE, Jakicic JM. Effects of supervised and unsupervised physical activity programmes for weight loss. Obes Sci Pract 2017; 3:143-152. [PMID: 28713583 PMCID: PMC5478811 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Physical activity is important for weight management. However, it remains unclear what type of physical activity prescription/programme is optimal for increasing physical activity during a standard behavioural weight loss intervention. This study examined changes in physical activity after a 12‐week supervised programme prescribed in minutes per week (SUP‐PA), an unsupervised programme prescribed in minutes per week (UNSUP‐PA) and an unsupervised programme prescribed in steps per day (STEP). Methods Fifty‐two adults who were overweight or obese (age: 43.5 ± 10.1 years, BMI: 31.5 ± 3.5 kg·m−2) were randomized to STEP (n = 18), UNSUP‐PA (n = 17) and SUP‐PA (n = 17). Subjects attended weekly in‐person group intervention sessions and were prescribed a calorie‐restricted diet (1,200–1,800 kcals·day−1) combined with increased physical activity (150 min·week−1 or 10,000 steps·day−1 with 2,500 brisk steps·day−1). Results All three groups significantly increased moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (STEP: 80.6 ± 218.5 min·week−1, UNSUP‐PA: 112.9 ± 180.4 min·week−1 and SUP‐PA: 151.1 ± 174.0 min·week−1, p < 0.001) with no differences between groups (p = 0.94) or group by time interaction (p = 0.81). In addition, there were no significant differences in weight loss between the groups (p = 0.81). Conclusions In this short‐term study, all three physical activity programmes increased physical activity and elicited modest weight loss when combined with a standard behavioural weight loss intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Creasy
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO USA
| | - R J Rogers
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - K K Davis
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - B B Gibbs
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - E E Kershaw
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - J M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
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Das SK, Vail TA, Lebrón-Torres N, Livingston KA, Roberts SB, Rogers GT, Gilhooly CH, Urban LE, Saltzman E, McKeown NM, Folta SC. Association of nutrition club membership with markers of health: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:310. [PMID: 28399838 PMCID: PMC5387219 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nutrition clubs (NC) operate in community settings and provide members with nutrition education and meal replacements for weight management. NC are owned and operated by distributors of Herbalife products. There are over 6200 NC in the US, but there has been no independent assessment of the association of these NC with biomarkers of health. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study to compare the health status of 100 NC members to 100 community-matched controls (CC) in the greater Boston area. Each CC was matched to a NC member for community of residence (zip code), age category, gender, BMI category, race/ethnicity, education level (category), and readiness to make health changes. Measures obtained included cardio-metabolic risk factors, body composition, markers of nutritional status, reported health status, dietary intake, physical activity, sleep and depression. Results Participants were predominantly female (64%) and Hispanic (73%). NC members had significantly lower fasting insulin (P < 0.001) and lower HbA1c (P = 0.008), higher levels of 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (P = 0.001), and vitamin E:cholesterol ratio (P < 0.001), and lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.02) compared to CC. In addition, most of the NC members (99%) were satisfied with Herbalife NC membership for themselves and their families. A higher percentage of NC members (86%) compared to CC (32%) reported being in much better or somewhat better health compared to a year ago (P < 0.001); and they reported significantly better physical health (P = 0.03), and fewer sleep problems (P = 0.03). Conclusion Herbalife NC membership was positively associated with perceived health and measured cardiometabolic benefits. However, causality cannot be inferred from these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. .,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Taylor A Vail
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Namibia Lebrón-Torres
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kara A Livingston
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Susan B Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gail T Rogers
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Cheryl H Gilhooly
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorien E Urban
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Edward Saltzman
- Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara C Folta
- Gerald J., Dorothy R., Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Yuan C, Spiegelman D, Rimm EB, Rosner BA, Stampfer MJ, Barnett JB, Chavarro JE, Subar AF, Sampson LK, Willett WC. Validity of a Dietary Questionnaire Assessed by Comparison With Multiple Weighed Dietary Records or 24-Hour Recalls. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 185:570-584. [PMID: 28338828 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors evaluated the validity of a 152-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) by comparing it with two 7-day dietary records (7DDRs) or up to 4 automated self-administered 24-hour recalls (ASA24s) over a 1-year period in the women's Lifestyle Validation Study (2010-2012), conducted among subgroups of the Nurses' Health Studies. Intakes of energy and 44 nutrients were assessed using the 3 methods among 632 US women. Compared with the 7DDRs, SFFQ responses tended to underestimate sodium intake but overestimate intakes of energy, macronutrients, and several nutrients in fruits and vegetables, such as carotenoids. Spearman correlation coefficients between energy-adjusted intakes from 7DDRs and the SFFQ completed at the end of the data-collection period ranged from 0.36 for lauric acid to 0.77 for alcohol (mean r = 0.53). Correlations of the end-period SFFQ were weaker when ASA24s were used as the comparison method (mean r = 0.43). After adjustment for within-person variation in the comparison method, the correlations of the final SFFQ were similar with 7DDRs (mean r = 0.63) and ASA24s (mean r = 0.62). These data indicate that this SFFQ provided reasonably valid estimates for intakes of a wide variety of dietary variables and that use of multiple 24-hour recalls or 7DDRs as a comparison method provided similar conclusions if day-to-day variation was taken into account.
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224
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Polonsky TS, Ning H, Daviglus ML, Liu K, Burke GL, Cushman M, Eng J, Folsom AR, Lutsey PL, Nettleton JA, Post WS, Sacco RL, Szklo M, Lloyd-Jones DM. Association of Cardiovascular Health With Subclinical Disease and Incident Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004894. [PMID: 28320747 PMCID: PMC5524019 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Few adults have ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). We studied associations of an overall CVH score with subclinical cardiovascular disease and events. We assessed whether associations varied by race/ethnicity. Methods and Results Among 5961 participants in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, components of CVH were measured at baseline, 2000‐2002: systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, smoking, physical activity, diet, and body mass index. Levels were classified as ideal (2 points), intermediate (1 point), and poor (0 points) according to American Heart Association definitions. Points were summed to produce a CVH score (0‐7 low, 8‐11 moderate, 12‐14 high). Coronary artery calcium, carotid intima‐media thickness, and left ventricular mass were measured at baseline. Cardiovascular disease was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, stroke, heart failure, or peripheral artery disease. Follow‐up was 10.3 years. Regression models were used to examine associations of the CVH score with subclinical disease and events, adjusting for age, sex, and education. Analyses were stratified by race/ethnicity. Adults with high or moderate CVH scores had significantly lower odds of coronary artery calcium and lower carotid intima‐media thickness and left ventricular mass than adults with low CVH scores. Adults with high or moderate CVH scores were 67% (95%CI 41% to 82%) and 37% (95%CI 22% to 49%) less likely, respectively, to experience a cardiovascular disease event than adults with low scores. There was no interaction with race/ethnicity. Conclusions There is a graded inverse association between CVH scores and measures of subclinical and overt cardiovascular disease that is similar across race/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyan Ning
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT
| | - John Eng
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jennifer A Nettleton
- Health Science Center, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, TX
| | - Wendy S Post
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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225
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Bodnar LM, Simhan HN, Parker CB, Meier H, Mercer BM, Grobman WA, Haas DM, Wing DA, Hoffman MK, Parry S, Silver RM, Saade GR, Wapner R, Iams JD, Wadhwa PD, Elovitz M, Peaceman AM, Esplin S, Barnes S, Reddy UM. Racial or Ethnic and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Adherence to National Dietary Guidance in a Large Cohort of US Pregnant Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:867-877.e3. [PMID: 28320597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significance of periconceptional nutrition for optimizing offspring and maternal health and reducing social inequalities warrants greater understanding of diet quality among US women. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to evaluate racial or ethnic and education inequalities in periconceptional diet quality and sources of energy and micronutrients. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be cohort. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Nulliparous women (N=7,511) were enrolled across eight US medical centers from 2010 to 2013. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire assessing usual dietary intake during the 3 months around conception was self-administered during the first trimester. Diet quality, measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), and sources of energy and micronutrients were the outcomes. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Differences in diet quality were tested across maternal racial or ethnic and education groups using F tests associated with analysis of variance and χ2 tests. RESULTS HEI-2010 score increased with higher education, but the increase among non-Hispanic black women was smaller than among non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics (interaction P value <0.0001). For all groups, average scores for HEI-2010 components were below recommendations. Top sources of energy were sugar-sweetened beverages, pasta dishes, and grain desserts, but sources varied by race or ethnicity and education. Approximately 34% of energy consumed was from empty calories (the sum of energy from added sugars, solid fats, and alcohol beyond moderate levels). The primary sources of iron, folate, and vitamin C were juices and enriched breads. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality is suboptimal around conception, particularly among women who are non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, or who had less than a college degree. Diet quality could be improved by substituting intakes of refined grains and foods empty in calories with vegetables, peas and beans (legumes), seafood, and whole grains.
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226
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Linnan L, Arandia G, Bateman LA, Vaughn A, Smith N, Ward D. The Health and Working Conditions of Women Employed in Child Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030283. [PMID: 28282940 PMCID: PMC5369119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over one million women are employed in child care and are among the lowest wage workers in the US. The health and working conditions of 674 child care workers (118 administrators and 556 staff) from 74 centers is described using baseline data from a larger intervention trial. Participants were 39.9 (±13.0) years old; 55.4% African American, 37.1% Caucasian, and 5.3% of Hispanic ethnicity. Seventy-six percent reported having an Associate’s degree or less; 42% were classified as at or below poverty (<$20,000); and exhibited many health risks such as excess weight, insufficient activity, poor diet, and inadequate sleep. We investigated potential differences by income and job category. Lower income participants were significantly more likely to be current smokers (19.9% vs. 11.7%), drink more sweetened beverages (1.9 vs. 1.5), and report higher depressive symptoms (15.5 vs. 12.6). Administrators worked more hours weekly compared to staff (46.4 vs. 40.6), are less active (100 vs. 126 min/week), more sedentary (501 vs. 477 min/day), and reported higher job demands (13.3 vs. 12.5). Given the numerous health issues and challenging work conditions, we hope our results serve as a call to action for addressing low wages and the work environment as a means of influencing the health and well-being of child care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Gabriela Arandia
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Lori A Bateman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Amber Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Natalie Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Dianne Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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227
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Adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans Is Associated with Psychological Resilience in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:396-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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228
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Gaffney-Stomberg E, Lutz LJ, Shcherbina A, Ricke DO, Petrovick M, Cropper TL, Cable SJ, McClung JP. Association Between Single Gene Polymorphisms and Bone Biomarkers and Response to Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation in Young Adults Undergoing Military Training. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:498-507. [PMID: 27683185 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Initial military training (IMT) is associated with increased stress fracture risk. In prior studies, supplemental calcium (Ca) and vitamin D provided daily throughout IMT reduced stress fracture incidence, suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH), and improved measures of bone health compared with placebo. Data were analyzed from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Ca and vitamin D-related genes were associated with circulating biomarkers of bone metabolism in young adults entering IMT, and whether responses to Ca and vitamin D supplementation were modulated by genotype. Associations between SNPs, including vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D binding protein (DBP), and 1-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), and circulating biomarkers were measured in fasting blood samples from volunteers (n = 748) starting IMT. Volunteers were block randomized by race and sex to receive Ca (2000 mg) and vitamin D (1000 IU) or placebo daily throughout Army or Air Force IMT (7 to 9 weeks). Total Ca and vitamin D intakes were calculated as the sum of supplemental intake based on intervention compliance and dietary intake. Relationships between SNPs, Ca, and vitamin D intake tertile and change in biomarkers were evaluated in trial completers (n = 391). At baseline, the minor allele of a DBP SNP (rs7041) was positively associated with both 25OHD (B = 4.46, p = 1.97E-10) and 1,25(OH)2 D3 (B = 9.63, p < 0.001). Combined genetic risk score (GRS) for this SNP and a second SNP in the VDR gene (rs1544410) was inversely associated with baseline 25OHD (r = -0.28, p < 0.001) and response to Ca and vitamin D intake differed by GRS (p < 0.05). In addition, presence of the minor allele of a second VDR SNP (rs2228570) was associated with lower P1NP (B = -4.83, p = 0.04) and osteocalcin (B = -0.59, p = 0.03). These data suggest that VDR and DBP SNPs are associated with 25OHD status and bone turnover and those with the highest GRS require the greatest vitamin D intake to improve 25OHD during IMT. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Gaffney-Stomberg
- United States (US) Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Laura J Lutz
- United States (US) Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Massachusetts Institute for Technology Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Darrell O Ricke
- Massachusetts Institute for Technology Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA
| | - Martha Petrovick
- Massachusetts Institute for Technology Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | - Sonya J Cable
- Initial Military Training Center of Excellence, Fort Eustis, VA, USA
| | - James P McClung
- United States (US) Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
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MInguez-Alarcón L, Chavarro JE, Mendiola J, Roca M, Tanrikut C, Vioque J, Jørgensen N, Torres-Cantero AM. Fatty acid intake in relation to reproductive hormones and testicular volume among young healthy men. Asian J Androl 2017; 19:184-190. [PMID: 27834316 PMCID: PMC5312216 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.190323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dietary fats may influence testicular function. However, most of the published literature on this field has used semen quality parameters as the only proxy for testicular function. We examined the association of fat intake with circulating reproductive hormone levels and testicular volume among healthy young Spanish men. This is a cross-sectional study among 209 healthy male volunteers conducted between October 2010 and November 2011 in Murcia Region of Spain. Participants completed questionnaires on lifestyle, diet, and smoking, and each underwent a physical examination, and provided a blood sample. Linear regression was used to examine the association between each fatty acid type and reproductive hormone levels and testicular volumes. Monounsaturated fatty acids intake was inversely associated with serum blood levels of calculated free testosterone, total testosterone, and inhibin B. A positive association was observed between the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and luteinizing hormone concentrations. In addition, the intake of trans fatty acids was associated with lower total testosterone and calculated free testosterone concentrations (P trend = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). The intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was positively related to testicular volume while the intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids was inversely related to testicular volume. These data suggest that fat intake, and particularly intake of omega 3, omega 6, and trans fatty acids, may influence testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia MInguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, IMIB-Arrixaca, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, IMIB-Arrixaca, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - Manuela Roca
- Roca Fertility, Advanced Clinic Management SLU, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cigdem Tanrikut
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Public Health, Miguel Hernández University, Elche-Alicante, Spain
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alberto M Torres-Cantero
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine, IMIB-Arrixaca, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain.,Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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230
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Montrose L, Ward TJ, Semmens EO, Cho YH, Brown B, Noonan CW. Dietary intake is associated with respiratory health outcomes and DNA methylation in children with asthma. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2017; 13:12. [PMID: 28261276 PMCID: PMC5327515 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-017-0187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is an increasingly common chronic disease among children, and data point toward a complex mechanism involving genetic, environmental and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA hypo- or hyper-methylation have been shown to occur in response to environmental exposures including dietary nutrients. METHODS Within the context of the asthma randomized trial of indoor wood smoke (ARTIS) study, we investigated relationships between diet, asthma health measures, and DNA methylation. Asthma health measures included a quality of life instrument, diurnal peak flow variability (dPFV) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1). Dietary intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Methylation levels of LINE-1 repetitive element and two promoter CpG sites for interferon gamma (IFNγ, -186 and -54) from buccal cell DNA were measured using pyrosequencing assays. RESULTS Data were collected on 32 children with asthma living in western Montana who were recruited to the ARTIS study. Selenium and several methyl donor dietary nutrients were positively associated with the asthma quality of life measure. Intake of methyl donating nutrients including folate was positively associated LINE-1 methylation and negatively associated with IFNγ CpG-186. Higher levels of LINE-1 methylation were associated with greater dPFV. CONCLUSION We identified several nutrients that were associated with improved quality of life measures among children with asthma. The IFNγ promoter CpG site -186 but not -54 was associated with the intake of selected dietary nutrients. However, in this small population of children with asthma, the IFNγ promoter CpG sites were not associated with respiratory health measures so it remains unclear through which epigenetic mechanism these nutrients are impacting the quality of life measure. These findings add to the evidence that dietary nutrients, particularly foods containing methyl donors, may be important for epigenetic regulation as it pertains to the control of asthma. Trial registration ClincialTrials.gov NCT00807183. Registered 10 December 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Montrose
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1420 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - T J Ward
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive-159 Skaggs, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
| | - E O Semmens
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive-159 Skaggs, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
| | - Y H Cho
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive-159 Skaggs, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
| | - B Brown
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
| | - C W Noonan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive-159 Skaggs, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
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231
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Morgan EH, Schoonees A, Faure M, Seguin RA. Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Morgan
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 415 Savage Hall Ithaca New York USA 14853
| | - Anel Schoonees
- Stellenbosch University; Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Francie van Zijl Drive Cape Town Western Cape South Africa 7505
| | - Marlyn Faure
- Stellenbosch University; Dean's Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Cape Town Western Cape South Africa 14853
| | - Rebecca A Seguin
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 415 Savage Hall Ithaca New York USA 14853
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232
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Mujahid MS, Moore LV, Petito LC, Kershaw KN, Watson K, Diez Roux AV. Neighborhoods and racial/ethnic differences in ideal cardiovascular health (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Health Place 2017; 44:61-69. [PMID: 28167269 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis baseline sample from 2000 to 2002 (N=5263; mean age=62) we examined cross-sectional racial/ethnic differences in ideal CVH, defined by the American Heart Association 2020 Impact Goals as a summary measure of ideal levels of blood pressure, fasting glucose, cholesterol, body mass index, diet, physical activity, and smoking. Using three different analytical approaches, we examined differences before and after adjustment for neighborhood socioeconomic, physical, and social environments. Significant racial/ethnic differences were present for all indicators of ideal CVH (excluding physical activity). Additional adjustments for neighborhood factors produced modest reductions in racial/ethnic differences. Future research is necessary to better understand the impact of neighborhood context on health disparities using longitudinal study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasin S Mujahid
- University of California Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, 101 Haviland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7358, United States.
| | - Latetia V Moore
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mailstop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States.
| | - Lucia C Petito
- University of California Berkley School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, 101 Haviland Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7358, United States.
| | - Kiarri N Kershaw
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine - Epidemiology, 680 N Lake Shore Dr., Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
| | - Karol Watson
- University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite, C365, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Drexel University School of Public Health, Dean's Office, 3215 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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233
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Simpson CC, Griffin BJ, Mazzeo SE. Psychological and behavioral effects of obesity prevention campaigns. J Health Psychol 2017; 24:1268-1281. [PMID: 28810425 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317693913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Public health campaigns are often used to prevent or reduce obesity. However, social psychological theory suggests these efforts might not be universally helpful and could potentially have detrimental consequences. This investigation explored the effects of obesity prevention campaigns. Participants were randomized to view either weight-focused or weight-neutral campaigns. Assessments at three time points (pre, post, and follow-up) examined the differences between groups in reactions to campaigns and changes in health behaviors and psychological outcomes. Compared with weight-neutral campaigns, weight-focused campaigns were associated with increases in negative perceptions of obesity and decreases in self-efficacy for health behavior change.
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234
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Miller PE, Zhao D, Frazier-Wood AC, Michos ED, Averill M, Sandfort V, Burke GL, Polak JF, Lima JAC, Post WS, Blumenthal RS, Guallar E, Martin SS. Associations of Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine Intake with Coronary Artery Calcification and Cardiovascular Events. Am J Med 2017; 130:188-197.e5. [PMID: 27640739 PMCID: PMC5263166 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee and tea are 2 of the most commonly consumed beverages in the world. The association of coffee and tea intake with coronary artery calcium and major adverse cardiovascular events remains uncertain. METHODS We examined 6508 ethnically diverse participants with available coffee and tea data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Intake for each was classified as never, occasional (<1 cup per day), and regular (≥1 cup per day). A coronary artery calcium progression ratio was derived from mixed effect regression models using loge(calcium score+1) as the outcome, with coefficients exponentiated to reflect coronary artery calcium progression ratio versus the reference. Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to evaluate the association between beverage intake and incident cardiovascular events. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 5.3 years for coronary artery calcium and 11.1 years for cardiovascular events, participants who regularly drank tea (≥1 cup per day) had a slower progression of coronary artery calcium compared with never drinkers after multivariable adjustment. This correlated with a statistically significant lower incidence of cardiovascular events for ≥1 cup per day tea drinkers (adjusted hazard ratio 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.53-0.95). Compared with never coffee drinkers, regular coffee intake (≥1 cup per day) was not statistically associated with coronary artery calcium progression or cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio 0.97; 95% confidence interval 0.78-1.20). Caffeine intake was marginally inversely associated with coronary artery calcium progression. CONCLUSIONS Moderate tea drinkers had slower progression of coronary artery calcium and reduced risk for cardiovascular events. Future research is needed to understand the potentially protective nature of moderate tea intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Elliott Miller
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | | | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Michelle Averill
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Veit Sandfort
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Seth S Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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235
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Bea JW, Thomson CA, Wallace RB, Wu C, Seguin RA, Going SB, LaCroix A, Eaton C, Ockene JK, LaMonte MJ, Jackson R, Jerry Mysiw W, Wactawski-Wende J. Changes in physical activity, sedentary time, and risk of falling: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Prev Med 2017; 95:103-109. [PMID: 27932054 PMCID: PMC5289299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Falling significantly affects quality of life, morbidity, and mortality among older adults. We sought to evaluate the prospective association between sedentary time, physical activity, and falling among post-menopausal women aged 50-79years recruited to the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study between 1993 and 1998 from 40 clinical centers across the United States. Baseline (B) and change in each of the following were evaluated at year 3 (Y3) and year 6 (Y6; baseline n=93,676; Y3 n=76,598; Y6 n=75,428): recreational physical activity (MET-h/wk), sitting, sleeping (min/day), and lean body mass by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (subset N=6475). Falls per year (0, 1, 2, ≥3) were assessed annually by self-report questionnaire and then dichotomized as ≤1 and ≥2falls/year. Logistic regression models were adjusted for demographics, body mass index, fall history, tobacco and alcohol use, medical conditions, and medications. Higher baseline activity was associated with greater risk of falling at Y6 (18%; p for trend <0.0001). Increasing sedentary time minimally decreased falling (1% Y3; 2% Y6; p<0.05). Increasing activity up to ≥9MET-h/wk. (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.22) or maintaining ≥9MET-h/wk. (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.13-1.29) increased falling at Y3 and Y6 (p for trend <0.001). Adding lean body mass to the models attenuated these relationships. Physically active lifestyles increased falling among post-menopausal women. Additional fall prevention strategies, such as balance and resistance training, should be evaluated to assist post-menopausal women in reaching or maintaining levels of aerobic activity known to prevent and manage several chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer W Bea
- University of Arizona, Cancer Center, 1515 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ 85724, United States.
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- University of Arizona, 3950 S Country Club Rd., Suite 330, Tucson, AZ 85714, United States
| | - Robert B Wallace
- University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Dr., Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Chunyuan Wu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, M3-A410, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Rebecca A Seguin
- Cornell University, Savage Hall, Room 412, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Scott B Going
- University of Arizona, 3950 S Country Club Rd., Suite 330, Tucson, AZ 85714, United States
| | - Andrea LaCroix
- University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., #0725, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Charles Eaton
- Brown University, 111 Brewster Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860, United States
| | - Judith K Ockene
- University of Massachusetts, 55 Lake Ave North, S7-746, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Michael J LaMonte
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 273 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Rebecca Jackson
- Ohio State University, 376 W 10th Avenue, Suite 205, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - W Jerry Mysiw
- Ohio State University, 2050 Kenny Road, Columbus, OH 43221, United States
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 410 Kimball Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
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236
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Aaron KJ, Colantonio LD, Deng L, Judd SE, Locher JL, Safford MM, Cushman M, Kilgore ML, Becker DJ, Muntner P. Cardiovascular Health and Healthcare Utilization and Expenditures Among Medicare Beneficiaries: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.005106. [PMID: 28151403 PMCID: PMC5523785 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Better cardiovascular health is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Methods and Results We determined the association between cardiovascular health and healthcare utilization and expenditures in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. We included 6262 participants ≥65 years with Medicare fee‐for‐service coverage for the year after their baseline study visit in 2003‐2007. Cardiovascular health at baseline was assessed using the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metric, which includes 7 factors: cigarette smoking, physical activity, diet, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose. Healthcare utilization and expenditures were ascertained using Medicare claims in the year following baseline. Overall, 17.2%, 31.1%, 29.0%, 16.4% and 6.4% of participants had 0 to 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 to 7 ideal LS7 factors, respectively. The multivariable‐adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval [CI]) for having any inpatient and outpatient encounters comparing participants with 5 to 7 versus 0 to 1 ideal LS7 factors were 0.55 (0.39, 0.76) and 1.00 (0.98, 1.02), respectively. Among participants with 0 to 1 and 5 to 7 ideal LS7 factors, mean inpatient expenditures were $3995 and $1250, respectively, mean outpatient expenditures were $5166 and $2853, respectively, and mean total expenditures were $9147 and $4111, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, the mean (95% CI) cost difference comparing participants with 5 to 7 versus 0 to 1 ideal LS7 factors was −$2551 (−$3667, −$1435) for inpatient, −$2410 (−$3089, −$1731) for outpatient, and −$5016 (−$6577, −$3454) for total expenditures. Conclusions Better cardiovascular health is associated with lower risk for inpatient encounters and lower inpatient and outpatient healthcare expenditures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristal J Aaron
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Luqin Deng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | - Julie L Locher
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL.,Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | - Monika M Safford
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Meredith L Kilgore
- Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | - David J Becker
- Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
| | - Paul Muntner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL
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237
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Sternfeld B, Colvin A, Stewart A, Dugan S, Nackers L, El Khoudary SR, Huang MH, Karvonen-Gutierrez C. The Effect of a Healthy Lifestyle on Future Physical Functioning in Midlife Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:274-282. [PMID: 27669444 PMCID: PMC5271600 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the prospective association between healthy lifestyle behaviors and objectively measured physical function in midlife women. METHODS Participants included 1769 racially/ethnically diverse women, ages 56-68 yr, from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation cohort. Physical function was assessed at the 13th follow-up visit with the Short Physical Performance Battery (4-m walk, repeated chair stands, and balance test) and grip strength. A healthy lifestyle score (HLS), which ranged from 0 to 6, was calculated by averaging as many as three repeated measures of self-reported smoking, physical activity, and diet, all assessed before the 13th follow-up. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions modeled each component of physical performance as a function of HLS and, in separate models, of each lifestyle behavior, adjusted for the other behaviors. RESULTS In multivariable analyses, the time for the 4-m walk was 0.06 s faster (P = 0.001) for every 1 point increase in the HLS. The time for the repeated chair stands was significantly shorter by approximately 0.20 s. Neither grip strength nor balance problems were significantly associated with the HLS (P = 0.28 and P = 0.19, respectively). The model examining the individual health behaviors showed that only physical activity was significantly associated with physical performance. CONCLUSION Regular physical activity in early midlife has the potential to reduce the likelihood of physical functional limitations later in midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia Colvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Andrea Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | | | - Mei-Hua Huang
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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238
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Peres LC, Bandera EV, Qin B, Guertin KA, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Abbott SE, Alberg AJ, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Bondy M, Cote ML, Funkhouser E, Moorman PG, Peters ES, Schwartz AG, Terry PD, Camacho F, Wang F, Schildkraut JM. Dietary inflammatory index and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in African American women. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:535-543. [PMID: 27727481 PMCID: PMC5159198 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been implicated in the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); yet the contribution of inflammatory foods and nutrients to EOC risk has been understudied. We investigated the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII), a novel literature-derived tool to assess the inflammatory potential of one's diet, and EOC risk in African American (AA) women in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, the largest population-based case-control study of EOC in AA women to date. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed per 1,000 kilocalories from dietary intake data collected through a food frequency questionnaire, which measured usual dietary intake in the year prior to diagnosis for cases or interview for controls. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression for the association between the E-DII and EOC risk. 493 cases and 662 controls were included in the analyses. We observed a 10% increase in EOC risk per a one-unit change in the E-DII (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.03-1.17). Similarly, women consuming the most pro-inflammatory diet had a statistically significant increased EOC risk in comparison to the most anti-inflammatory diet (ORQuartile4/Quartile1 = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.18-2.51). We also observed effect modification by age (p < 0.05), where a strong, significant association between the E-DII and EOC risk was observed among women older than 60 years, but no association was observed in women aged 60 years or younger. Our findings suggest that a more pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased EOC risk, especially among women older than 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C. Peres
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Bo Qin
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Kristin A. Guertin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - James R. Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Sarah E. Abbott
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Anthony J. Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President St., Bioengineering Building 103, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2-526 Wolstein Research Building, 2103 Cornell Rd., Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Melissa Bondy
- Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Michele L. Cote
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Ellen Funkhouser
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Medical Towers 611, 1717 11 Ave. South, Birmingham, AL 35205
| | - Patricia G. Moorman
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Rd., Suite 602, Durham, NC 27705
| | - Edward S. Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, 2020 Gravier St. 3 Floor, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Paul D. Terry
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcola Highway Box U-114, Knoxville, TN 37920
| | - Fabian Camacho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Frances Wang
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Rd., Suite 602, Durham, NC 27705
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800765, Charlottesville, VA 22903
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Hageman PA, Pullen CH, Hertzog M, Pozehl B, Eisenhauer C, Boeckner LS. Web-Based Interventions Alone or Supplemented with Peer-Led Support or Professional Email Counseling for Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance in Women from Rural Communities: Results of a Clinical Trial. J Obes 2017; 2017:1602627. [PMID: 28480078 PMCID: PMC5396444 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1602627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. This trial compared the effectiveness of a web-based only (WO) intervention with web-based supplemented by peer-led discussion (WD) or professional email counseling (WE) across 3 phases to achieve weight loss and weight maintenance in women from underserved rural communities. Methods. 301 women (BMI of 28-45 kg/m2) randomly assigned to groups participated in guided weight loss (baseline to 6 months), guided weight loss and maintenance (6 to 18 months), and self-managed weight maintenance (18 to 30 months). Results. Retention was 88.7%, 76.5%, and 71.8% at 6, 18, and 30 months, respectively. Intent-to-treat analyses demonstrated no group differences in change in weight within any phases. At 6 months, observed mean (SD) weight loss was 5.1 (6.0) kg in WO, 4.1 (5.6) kg in WD, and 6.0 (6.3) kg in WE, with 42%, 38%, and 51%, respectively, meeting ≥ 5% weight loss. These proportions dropped by a third after phase 2 with no further change during phase 3. Conclusion. Web-based interventions assisted women from rural communities in achieving 6-month weight loss, with weight regain by half at 30 months. No group differences were potentially due to the robust nature of the web-based intervention. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01307644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Hageman
- Physical Therapy Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984420 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4420, USA
- *Patricia A. Hageman:
| | - Carol H. Pullen
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5330, USA
| | - Melody Hertzog
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln Division, 1230 “O” Street, Suite 131, Lincoln, NE 68588-0220, USA
| | - Bunny Pozehl
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln Division, 1230 “O” Street, Suite 131, Lincoln, NE 68588-0220, USA
| | - Christine Eisenhauer
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Northern Division, 801 E. Benjamin Avenue, Norfolk, NE 68701-0469, USA
| | - Linda S. Boeckner
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 110 Leverton, Lincoln, NE 68583-0806, USA
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Vidoni ML, Pettee Gabriel K, Luo ST, Simonsick EM, Day RS. Vitamin B12 and Homocysteine Associations with Gait Speed in Older Adults: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:1321-1328. [PMID: 29188896 PMCID: PMC5726303 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the independent associations of serum levels of vitamin B12 and plasma concentrations of homocysteine with gait speed decline. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS This study utilized longitudinal analysis of participants 50 years or older from The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, N=774. MEASUREMENTS Gait speed (m/s) was assessed using the 6-meter usual pace test. Vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations were collected using standard clinical protocols. Linear mixed effects regression was stratified by baseline age category (50-69, 70-79, and ≥80 years old). RESULTS Mean follow-up time for the total study sample was 5.4 ± 2.0 years. No association between vitamin B12 and gait speed decline over the follow-up time for any age group was found. Elevated homocysteine concentrations were associated with decline in gait speed after adjustment for covariates (50-69: β= -0.005, p=.057; 70-79: β= -0.013, p<.001, ≥80: β= -0.007, p=.054). CONCLUSION Homocysteine and vitamin B12 are inversely related, yet only homocysteine was associated with gait speed decline in this population of healthy older adults. Given these results, future research should be directed towards investigating the relationship in populations with greater variation in vitamin B12 concentrations and other mechanisms influencing homocysteine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Vidoni
- R. Sue Day, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Houston, TX, USA,
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Social Desirability Trait: Biaser or Driver of Self-Reported Dietary Intake? J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:1895-1898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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242
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Zhang FF, Ojha RP, Krull KR, Gibson TM, Lu L, Lanctot J, Chemaitilly W, Robison LL, Hudson MM. Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer Have Poor Adherence to Dietary Guidelines. J Nutr 2016; 146:2497-2505. [PMID: 27798341 PMCID: PMC5118766 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.238261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor nutritional intake can exacerbate the chronic disease burden in childhood cancer survivors, whereas a healthful diet serves a protective function. Few studies have provided detailed evaluations of the diet of childhood cancer survivors. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate diet quality and dietary intakes of key food groups and nutrients in a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors and whether cancer and treatment characteristics have an impact on survivors' long-term intake. METHODS Diet was assessed in 2570 adult survivors of childhood cancer enrolled in the St. Jude Lifetime cohort (mean age = 32.3 y) by using the Block food-frequency questionnaire. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) was calculated to quantify diet quality. Cancer diagnosis and treatment exposure were abstracted from medical records. Differences in HEI-2010 by patient characteristics and treatment exposure were examined by using ANCOVA. RESULTS The mean ± SD HEI-2010 in childhood cancer survivors was 57.9 ± 12.4 of a maximum score of 100. Referenced to Dietary Reference Intakes, survivors consumed inadequate amounts of vitamin D, vitamin E, potassium, fiber, magnesium, and calcium (27%, 54%, 58%, 59%, 84%, and 90% of the recommended intakes) but excessive amounts of sodium and saturated fat (155% and 115% of the recommended intakes) from foods. Survivors diagnosed when <5 y of age had a lower diet quality than did those diagnosed when ≥5 y of age (mean HEI-2010 score: 56.9 compared with 58.2; P = 0.046). Survivors who received higher radiation doses to the abdomen had a lower diet quality than those who received lower doses (mean HEI-2010 scores = 58.9, 57.2, 56.7, and 56.1 for doses of 0, 1-19.9, 20-29.9, and ≥30 Gy, respectively; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Long-term childhood cancer survivors have poor adherence to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Findings reinforce the need to incorporate nutrition into cancer care to improve diet quality and to reduce morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang Zhang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA; and
| | | | | | | | - Lu Lu
- Departments of Epidemiology and Cancer Control
| | | | | | | | - Melissa M Hudson
- Departments of Epidemiology and Cancer Control
- Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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Jorgensen JM, Yang Z, Lönnerdal B, Chantry CJ, Dewey KG. Effect of iron supplementation during lactation on maternal iron status and oxidative stress: A randomized controlled trial. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2016; 13. [PMID: 27896921 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effect of iron-containing prenatal vitamin-mineral supplements taken postpartum on biomarkers of iron status and oxidative stress. Lactating women (n = 114) were randomly assigned to consume daily one iron-free prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement plus either 27 mg of iron or placebo for approximately 3.5 months. The placebo group took the tablets between meals, while those given iron took the tablets either with (Fe-W) or between meals (Fe-B). Blood and urine samples were collected before and after the supplementation period to analyze hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, hepcidin, transferrin saturation (TfSat), total plasma iron, and biomarkers of oxidative stress (isoprostane and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) and inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP)). There was a trend toward a greater change in Hb among women in the Fe-B group compared to placebo (+2.5 vs. -3.7 g/L, respectively, p = 0.063). When the iron groups were combined, there was a greater change in Hb (+1.4 g/L) compared to placebo (p = 0.010). There were trends toward greater changes in TfSat (p = 0.087) and total plasma iron (p = 0.065) in the iron groups compared to placebo, yet no significant differences between the three groups in change in hepcidin (p = 0.291), isoprostane (p = 0.319), or 8-OHdG (p = 0.659), nor in change in ferritin among those with elevated CRP at baseline (60% of women; p = 0.946); among those without elevated CRP (40% of women), ferritin increased more in the iron groups compared to placebo (p = 0.001). Iron consumption during lactation moderately increased iron status, particularly among women without elevated CRP, and increased Hb, but did not significantly increase oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Caroline J Chantry
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
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Mahmoud AM, Al-Alem U, Dabbous F, Ali MM, Batai K, Shah E, Kittles RA. Zinc Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165956. [PMID: 27824905 PMCID: PMC5100936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential dietary element that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, a cancer that disproportionately affects men of African descent. Studies assessing the association of zinc intake and prostate cancer have yielded inconsistent results. Furthermore, very little is known about the relationship between zinc intake and prostate cancer among African Americans. We examined the association between self-reported zinc intake and prostate cancer in a hospital-based case-control study of African Americans. We then compared our results with previous studies by performing a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence regarding the association between zinc and prostate cancer. Newly diagnosed African American men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer (n = 127) and controls (n = 81) were recruited from an urban academic urology clinic in Washington, DC. Controls had higher zinc intake, with a mean of 14 mg/day versus 11 mg/day for cases. We observed a non-significant, non-linear increase in prostate cancer when comparing tertiles of zinc intake (OR <6.5 vs 6.5-12.5mg/day 1.8, 95% CI: 0.6,5.6; OR <6.5 vs >12.5mg/day 1.3, 95% CI: 0.2,6.5). The pooled estimate from 17 studies (including 3 cohorts, 2 nested case-control, 11 case-control studies, and 1 randomized clinical trial, with a total of 111,199 participants and 11,689 cases of prostate cancer) was 1.07hi vs lo 95% CI: 0.98-1.16. Using a dose-response meta-analysis, we observed a non-linear trend in the relationship between zinc intake and prostate cancer (p for nonlinearity = 0.0022). This is the first study to examine the relationship between zinc intake in black men and risk of prostate cancer and systematically evaluate available epidemiologic evidence about the magnitude of the relationship between zinc intake and prostate cancer. Despite of the lower intake of zinc by prostate cancer patients, our meta-analysis indicated that there is no evidence for an association between zinc intake and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Mahmoud
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition and Department of Physical Therapy, School of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Umaima Al-Alem
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Firas Dabbous
- James R. & Helen D. Russell Institute for Research & Innovation, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Mohamed M. Ali
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition and Department of Physical Therapy, School of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ken Batai
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ebony Shah
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Rick A. Kittles
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Goetz ME, Judd SE, Hartman TJ, McClellan W, Anderson A, Vaccarino V. Flavanone Intake Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Incident Ischemic Stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. J Nutr 2016; 146:2233-2243. [PMID: 27655760 PMCID: PMC5086785 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.230185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids may have beneficial cerebrovascular effects, but evidence from racially and geographically representative cohorts in comprehensive flavonoid databases is lacking. Given racial and geographic disparities in stroke incidence, representative cohort studies are needed. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the association between flavonoid intake and incident ischemic stroke in a biracial, national cohort using updated flavonoid composition tables and assessed differences in flavonoid intake by sex, race, and region of residence. METHODS We evaluated 20,024 participants in the REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study, a biracial prospective study. Participants with stroke history or missing dietary data were excluded. Flavonoid intake was estimated by using a Block98 food frequency questionnaire and the USDA's Provisional Flavonoid Addendum and Proanthocyanidin Database. Associations between quintiles of flavonoid intake and incident ischemic stroke were evaluated by using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Over 6.5 y, 524 acute ischemic strokes occurred. Flavanone intake was lower in the Southeastern United States but higher in blacks than in whites. After multivariable adjustment, flavanone intake was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.95; P-trend = 0.03). Consumption of citrus fruits and juices was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02). Total flavonoids and other flavonoid subclasses were not associated with incident ischemic stroke. There was no statistical interaction with sex, race, or region for any flavonoid measure. CONCLUSIONS Greater consumption of flavanones, but not total or other flavonoid subclasses, was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke. Associations did not differ by sex, race, or region for the association; however, regional differences in flavanone intake may contribute to regional disparities in ischemic stroke incidence. Higher flavanone intake in blacks suggests that flavanone intake is not implicated in racial disparities in ischemic stroke incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health,,Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; and
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health,,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - William McClellan
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health,,Renal Division and
| | - Aaron Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health,,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and
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246
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Goetz ME, Judd SE, Safford MM, Hartman TJ, McClellan WM, Vaccarino V. Dietary flavonoid intake and incident coronary heart disease: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:1236-1244. [PMID: 27655439 PMCID: PMC5081714 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.129452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are dietary polyphenolic compounds with a variety of proposed beneficial cardiovascular effects, but rigorous prospective studies that examine the association between flavonoid intake and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in geographically and racially diverse US samples are limited. OBJECTIVE With the use of the new, expanded USDA flavonoid database, we assessed the association between total flavonoid and flavonoid subclass intakes with incident CHD in a biracial and geographically diverse cohort, as well as effect modification by age, sex, race, and region of residence. DESIGN Participants were 16,678 black and white men and women enrolled in the REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study, a national prospective cohort study. All participants were without CHD at baseline, and all completed a Block98 food-frequency questionnaire. Flavonoid intakes were estimated from USDA flavonoid databases, which were recently improved to address missing values for cooked foods and to adjust for flavonoid losses due to processing. Incident CHD events were participant reported and adjudicated by experts. Quintiles of flavonoid intake were examined as predictors of incident CHD by using Cox proportional hazards regression to obtain HRs. Tests for trend used the quintile medians. RESULTS Over a mean ± SD follow-up of 6.0 ± 1.9 y, 589 CHD events occurred. High flavonoid intake was associated with self-identified white race, exercise, not smoking, more education, and higher income. In models that adjusted for sociodemographic, health behavior, and dietary factors, there was an inverse association between anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin intakes and incident CHD (HRs for quintile 5 compared with quintile 1-anthocyanidins: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.98; P-trend = 0.04; proanthocyanidins: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.84; P-trend = 0.02). There was no association between total flavonoid or other flavonoid subclass intakes and incident CHD. CONCLUSIONS Reported anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin intakes were inversely associated with incident CHD. There was no significant effect modification by age, sex, race, or region of residence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, and
| | - Monika M Safford
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health
- Winship Cancer Institute; and
| | - William M McClellan
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health
- Renal Division and
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and
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Ogunmoroti O, Allen NB, Cushman M, Michos ED, Rundek T, Rana JS, Blankstein R, Blumenthal RS, Blaha MJ, Veledar E, Nasir K. Association Between Life's Simple 7 and Noncardiovascular Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003954. [PMID: 27792654 PMCID: PMC5121499 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The American Heart Association introduced the Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics to assess and promote cardiovascular health. We examined the association between the LS7 metrics and noncardiovascular disease. Methods and Results We studied 6506 men and women aged between 45 and 84 years, enrolled in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Median follow‐up time was 10.2 years. Each component of the LS7 metrics (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose) was assigned points, 0 indicates “poor” category; 1, “intermediate,” and 2, “ideal.” The LS7 score, ranged from 0 to 14, was created from the points and categorized as optimal (11–14), average (9–10), and inadequate (0–8). Hazard ratios and event rates per 1000 person‐years were calculated for outcomes based on self‐reported hospitalizations with the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, diagnoses of cancer, chronic kidney disease, pneumonia, deep venous thromboembolism/pulmonary embolism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, and hip fracture. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, and education. Overall, noncardiovascular disease event rates were lower with increasing LS7 scores. With the inadequate LS7 score as reference, an optimal score was associated with a decreased risk for noncardiovascular disease events. The hazard ratio for cancer was, 0.80 (0.64–0.98); chronic kidney disease, 0.38 (0.27–0.54); pneumonia, 0.57 (0.40–0.80); deep venous thromboembolism/pulmonary embolism, 0.52 (0.33–0.82), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 0.51 (0.31–0.83). Conclusions The American Heart Association's LS7 score identified individuals who were vulnerable to multiple chronic nonvascular conditions. These results suggest that improving cardiovascular health will also reduce the burden of cancer and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Erin D Michos
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL
| | - Jamal S Rana
- Division of Cardiology and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Emir Veledar
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Center for Healthcare Advancement and Outcomes, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL Department of Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Food groups associated with measured net acid excretion in community-dwelling older adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 71:420-424. [PMID: 27759073 PMCID: PMC5332290 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Acid-producing diets have been associated with adverse health conditions. Dietary acid load can be estimated from dietary intake data, but the available methods require a full dietary assessment. We sought to identify a simpler means to estimate 24-hour urinary net acid excretion (NAE), a robust measure of net endogenous acid production, using self-reported intakes of fruits, vegetables (acid-neutralizing foods), grain and/or protein (acid-producing foods)acquired by two different methods in community-dwelling older adults. Identifying food groups associated with NAE using a method not requiring a full diet assessment could have a broad clinical application. Methods Fruit, vegetable, protein, and grain servings/day were estimated with a widely-used food frequency questionnaire (study A, n=162, 63±8 years). Differences in their intakes across NAE categories (<5, ≥5to <15, ≥15to <50, ≥50 milliequivalents (mEq)/day) were analyzed using analysis of variance. The findings were verified in a second study which estimated dietary intakes using a more detailed record-assisted 24- hour recall (study B, n=232, 67±6 years). Results Fruit intake was significantly associated with NAE in both studies. In study A, fruit intake was 9% lower with each categorical NAE increase (unstandardized beta=-0.21,p=0.01) and 7% lower with each categorical NAE increase in study B (unstandardized beta=-0.18;p=0.02). Grain intake was positively associated with NAE in study B only (unstandardized beta=+0.14;p=0.01). Vegetable and protein intake were not associated with NAE in either study. Conclusion The inverse association between fruit intake and NAE suggests low self-reported fruit intake may be an indicator of acid-producing diets in older adults.
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Jones MR, Tellez-Plaza M, Vaidya D, Grau M, Francesconi KA, Goessler W, Guallar E, Post WS, Kaufman JD, Navas-Acien A. Estimation of Inorganic Arsenic Exposure in Populations With Frequent Seafood Intake: Evidence From MESA and NHANES. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 184:590-602. [PMID: 27702745 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The sum of urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs) and methylated arsenic (monomethylarsonate and dimethylarsinate (DMA)) species is the main biomarker of iAs exposure. Assessing iAs exposure, however, is difficult in populations with moderate-to-high seafood intakes. In the present study, we used subsamples from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2000-2002) (n = 310) and the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 1,175). We calibrated urinary concentrations of non-seafood-derived iAs, DMA, and methylarsonate, as well as the sum of inorganic and methylated arsenic species, in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and of DMA in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey by regressing their original concentrations by arsenobetaine and extracting model residuals. To confirm that calibrated biomarkers reflected iAs exposure but not seafood intake, we compared urinary arsenic concentrations by levels of seafood and rice intakes. Self-reported seafood intakes, estimated n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, and measured n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were positively associated with the original urinary arsenic biomarkers. Using the calibrated arsenic biomarkers, we found a marked attenuation of the associations with self-reported seafood intake and estimated or measured n-3 fatty acids, whereas associations with self-reported rice intake remained similar. Our residual-based method provides estimates of iAs exposure and metabolism for each participant that no longer reflect seafood intake and can facilitate research about low-to-moderate levels of iAs exposure in populations with high seafood intakes.
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Anderson JJB, Kruszka B, Delaney JAC, He K, Burke GL, Alonso A, Bild DE, Budoff M, Michos ED. Calcium Intake From Diet and Supplements and the Risk of Coronary Artery Calcification and its Progression Among Older Adults: 10-Year Follow-up of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003815. [PMID: 27729333 PMCID: PMC5121484 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent randomized data suggest that calcium supplements may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Using a longitudinal cohort study, we assessed the association between calcium intake, from both foods and supplements, and atherosclerosis, as measured by coronary artery calcification (CAC). METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 5448 adults free of clinically diagnosed CVD (52% female; aged 45-84 years) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Baseline total calcium intake was assessed from diet (using a food frequency questionnaire) and calcium supplements (by a medication inventory) and categorized into quintiles. Baseline CAC was measured by computed tomography, and CAC measurements were repeated in 2742 participants ≈10 years later. At baseline, mean calcium intakes across quintiles were 313.3, 540.3, 783.0, 1168.9, and 2157.4 mg/day. Women had higher calcium intakes than men. After adjustment for potential confounders, among 1567 participants without baseline CAC, the relative risk (RR) of developing incident CAC over 10 years, by quintile 1 to 5 of calcium intake, were 1 (reference), 0.95 (0.79-1.14), 1.02 (0.85-1.23), 0.86 (0.69-1.05), and 0.73 (0.57-0.93). After accounting for total calcium intake, calcium supplement use was associated with increased risk for incident CAC (RR=1.22 [1.07-1.39]). No relation was found between baseline calcium intake and 10-year changes in log-transformed CAC among those participants with baseline CAC >0. CONCLUSIONS High total calcium intake was associated with a decreased risk of incident atherosclerosis over long-term follow-up, particularly if achieved without supplement use. However, calcium supplement use may increase the risk for incident CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J B Anderson
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Bridget Kruszka
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Ka He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | - Gregory L Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Diane E Bild
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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