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Kozako T, Mellini P, Ohsugi T, Aikawa A, Uchida YI, Honda SI, Suzuki T. Novel small molecule SIRT2 inhibitors induce cell death in leukemic cell lines. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:791. [PMID: 30081901 PMCID: PMC6091197 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a member of the sirtuin family, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent deacylases, which participates in modulation of cell cycle control, neurodegeneration, and tumorigenesis. SIRT2 expression increases in acute myeloid leukemia blasts. Downregulation of SIRT2 using siRNA causes apoptosis of HeLa cells. Therefore, selective inhibitors of SIRT2 are candidate therapeutic agents for cancer. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a T-cell malignancy that has a poor prognosis and develops after long-term infection with human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-1. Sirtuin 1 inhibition has been shown to induce apoptosis and autophagy in HTLV-1-infected cell lines, whereas the effects of SIRT2 inhibition alone have not been elucidated. METHODS We assessed the efficacy of our small molecule selective SIRT2 inhibitors NCO-90/141 to induce leukemic cell death. Cell viability was examined using the cell proliferation reagent Cell Count Reagent SF. Apoptotic cells were detected by annexin V-FITC and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays by flow cytometry. Caspase activity was detected using an APOPCYTO Intracellular Caspase Activity Detection Kit. The presence of autophagic vacuoles was assessed using a Cyto-ID Autophagy Detection Kit. RESULTS Our novel small molecule SIRT2-specific inhibitors NCO-90/141 inhibited cell growth of leukemic cell lines including HTLV-1-transformed T-cells. NCO-90/141 induced apoptosis via caspase activation and mitochondrial superoxide generation in leukemic cell lines. However, a caspase inhibitor did not prevent this caspase-associated cell death. Interestingly, NCO-90/141 increased the LC3-II level together with autophagosome accumulation, indicating autophagic cell death. Thus, NCO-90/141 simultaneously caused apoptosis and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NCO-90/141 are highly effective against leukemic cells in caspase-dependent or -independent manners via autophagy, and they may have a novel therapeutic potential for treatment of leukemias including ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kozako
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Paolo Mellini
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeo Ohsugi
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Aikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Uchida
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan
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Mozhi A, Ahmad I, Kaleem QM, Tuguntaev RG, Eltahan AS, Wang C, Yang R, Li C, Liang XJ. Nrp-1 receptor targeting peptide-functionalized TPGS micellar nanosystems to deliver 10-hydroxycampothecin for enhanced cancer chemotherapy. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:582-592. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Iffelsberger C, Raith T, Vatsyayan P, Vyskočil V, Matysik FM. Detection and imaging of reactive oxygen species associated with the electrochemical oxygen evolution by hydrodynamic scanning electrochemical microscopy. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Testosterone alleviates mitochondrial ROS accumulation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in the gastric mucosa of orchiectomized rats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 649:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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205
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Using ROS as a Second Messenger, NADPH Oxidase 2 Mediates Macrophage Senescence via Interaction with NF- κB during Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9741838. [PMID: 30050663 PMCID: PMC6040290 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9741838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is one of the most prevalent pathogens that cause nosocomial infection in critical patients. However, the mechanisms underlying macrophage growth status and functional changes during PA infection are yet unknown. In the present study, NADPH oxidase, gp91phox (NOX2) mediated macrophage to senescence in a PAO1 colony-dependent manner. gp91phox might regulate the senescence process through mutual interaction with the NF-κB pathway. During infection, the overexpression or downregulation of gp91phox in macrophage could affect the nuclear activity of NF-κB p65, while the downregulation of NF-κB p65 led to a suppressed expression of gp91phox. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) served as the second messenger between both molecules as the ROS inhibitor, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), could partially restore these changes. Consequently, the level of ROS and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNFα, elevated during PAO1 infection, and their production altered as a result of the genetic manipulation of gp91phox and NF-κB p65, as well as NAC treatment. Also, the senescent phenotypes, SA-β-gal staining and p16ink4a, changed after genetic manipulation with gp91phox and NF-κB p65 and NAC treatment. The capacity of phagocytosis in macrophages was decreased during senescence. In conclusion, PA directs the macrophage towards senescence, and senescent macrophages exhibit a decreased ability of phagocytosis. This process of senescence was regulated by the interactions between NADPH oxidase gp91phox and NF-κB p65 via ROS as a second messenger.
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206
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Feng L, Yang J, Liu W, Wang Q, Wang H, Shi L, Fu L, Xu Q, Wang B, Li T. Lipid Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Before and After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention by Lipidomics Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4175-4182. [PMID: 29913478 PMCID: PMC6038721 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reperfusion injury is one of the leading causes of myocardial cell death and heart failure. This study was performed to identify new candidate lipid biomarkers for the purpose of optimizing the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, assessing the severity of myocardial I/R injury and trying to find the novel mechanism related to lipids. Material/Methods Forty patients who were diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were randomly selected for this study. Serum samples from all the patients with STEMI were collected at 3 time periods: after STEMI diagnosis but prior to reperfusion (T0); and then at 2 hours (T2) and 24 hours (T24) after the end of the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. Plasma lipidomics profiling analysis was performed to identify the lipid metabolic signatures of myocardial I/R injury using lipidomics. Results Sixteen types of potential lipid biomarkers at different time periods (T0, T2, T24) were identified by using lipidomics technology. The T0 time periods exhibited 16 differentially metabolized lipid peaks in the patients after STEMI diagnosis but prior to reperfusion. With the increase of reperfusion times, the contents of these 16 lipid biomarkers decreased gradually, but there was a 1.5- to 2-fold increase of those 16 lipid biomarkers contents at T2 compared with T24. Conclusions Lipidomics analysis demonstrated differential change before and after reperfusion, suggesting a potential role of some of these lipids as biomarkers for optimizing the diagnosis of myocardial I/R, as well as for therapeutic targets against myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jianzhou Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Wennan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Huijie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tianjin Beichen District, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Le Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tianjin Beichen District, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Liyan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Baohe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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207
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Li X, Qiu Z, Jin Q, Chen G, Guo M. Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in HT-29 Cells Induced by Dichloromethane Fraction From Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:629. [PMID: 29950999 PMCID: PMC6008524 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The roots of Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (TA) has been often used in Chinese folk medicine to treat different diseases, including but not limited to arthritis, injuries, stomachache, and even tumors. However, the anti-cancer effects and the action mechanisms of TA remain elusive. Therefore, we firstly evaluated the effects of different extracts of TA on the growth of human colon cancer cells, and then tried to further elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms. As a result, the dichloromethane fraction (DF) was found to possess the highest anti-proliferative activity with IC50 value at 18 μg/mL among all of the four extracts from TA, and strongly inhibited HT-29 cell growth and halted cell cycle progression in G2/M phase. DF also induced phosphatidylserine externalization and activated caspases -8, -9, and -3, suggesting DF induced apoptosis through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Furthermore, we found that HT-29 cell cycle arrest induced by DF could be the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) attenuating it. Taken together, these results indicated that DF induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis in HT-29 cells, and could be a promising source for developing natural therapeutics for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zidong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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208
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Attia H, Nounou H, Shalaby M. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative DNA Damage, Inflammation and Apoptosis in Rat's Brain after Oral Exposure. TOXICS 2018; 6:E29. [PMID: 29861430 PMCID: PMC6027438 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidences demonstrated that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) could reach the brain after oral ingestion; however, the "neurotoxicity of" ZnONPs after oral exposure has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to explore the "neurotoxicity of" ZnONPs (.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Howaida Nounou
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21111, Egypt.
| | - Manal Shalaby
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Genetic Engineering City of Scientific Research and biotechnological applications, Borg El Arab, Alexandria 21111, Egypt.
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209
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Zhao N, Li C, Yan Y, Cao W, Song A, Wang H, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Waterlogging-Sensitive and Waterlogging-Tolerant Chrysanthemum morifolium Cultivars under Waterlogging Stress and Reoxygenation Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1455. [PMID: 29757964 PMCID: PMC5983694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Waterlogging stress is among the most severe abiotic stressors in the breeding and the production of Chrysanthemum morifolium. However, the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging and post-waterlogging reoxygenation in C. morifolium remains unknown. In this study, we compared the differences between the transcriptomes of two chrysanthemum cultivars, i.e., the waterlogging-tolerant cultivar "Nannongxuefeng" and the waterlogging-sensitive cultivar "Qinglu", by performing RNA-seq to elucidate the possible mechanism of waterlogging and reoxygenation in C. morifolium. "Nannongxuefeng" had a higher ethylene production under the waterlogging and reoxygenation conditions. Furthermore, the expression of transcription factors and genes that are involved in the hormone response, N-end rule pathway and ROS signaling significantly differed between the two cultivars. "Nannongxuefeng" and "Qinglu" significantly differed in their response to waterlogging and reoxygenation, providing a deeper understanding of the mechanism underlying the response to waterlogging and guidance for the breeding of C. morifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chuanwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yajun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Aiping Song
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Haibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Sumei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Fadi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Mitochondrial NADP +-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase deficiency increases cisplatin-induced oxidative damage in the kidney tubule cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:488. [PMID: 29695796 PMCID: PMC5916920 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH2) plays an important role in the formation of NADPH, which is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial redox balance. Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (cisplatin), an effective anticancer drug, induces oxidative stress-related nephrotoxicity, limiting its use. Therefore, we investigated whether IDH2, which is a critical enzyme in the NADPH-associated mitochondrial antioxidant system, is involved in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Idh2 gene-deleted (Idh2−/−) mice and wild-type (Idh2+/+) littermates were treated with cisplatin, with or without 2-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl-4-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl) triphenylphosphonium chloride (Mito-T), a mitochondria-specific antioxidant. Cisplatin-induced renal functional and morphological impairments were greater in Idh2−/− mice than in Idh2+/+ mice. Mito-T mitigated those impairments in both Idh2−/− and Idh2+/+ mice and this mitigation was greater in Idh2−/− than in Idh2+/+ mice. Cisplatin impaired IDH2 function in the mitochondria, decreasing mitochondrial NADPH and GSH levels and increasing H2O2 generation; protein, lipid, and DNA oxidation; mitochondrial damage; and apoptosis. These cisplatin-induced changes were much more severe in Idh2−/− mice than in Idh2+/+ mice. Mito-T treatment attenuated cisplatin-induced alterations in both Idh2−/− and Idh2+/+ mice and this mitigation was greater in Idh2−/− than in Idh2+/+ mice. Altogether, these data demonstrate that cisplatin induces the impairment of the mitochondrial IDH2-NADPH-GSH antioxidant system and IDH2 deficiency aggravates cisplatin-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage, inducing more severe nephrotoxicity. This suggests that the mitochondrial IDH2-NADPH-GSH antioxidant system is a target for the prevention of cisplatin-induced kidney cell death.
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Hormozi M, Mirzaei R, Nakhaee A, Izadi S, Dehghan Haghighi J. The biochemical effects of occupational exposure to lead and cadmium on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activity in the blood of glazers in tile industry. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:459-467. [PMID: 29669482 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718769526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) on markers of oxidative stress in glazers in tile industries. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the blood of 80 subjects, including 40 glazers and 40 nonexposed subjects. Mean levels of blood Cd (8.90 ± 2.80 µg/L) and blood Pb (62.90 ± 38.10 µg/L) of glazers showed a significant increase compared with the control group. In the serum of glazers, the level of MDA was significantly higher and the level of TAC was significantly lower than the control group. We have noted a disturbance in the levels of antioxidants by a significant increase in the CAT activity and a significant decrease in the activities of SOD and GPx in the serum of glazers compared with the controls. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the serum MDA level and CAT activity were positively associated with the blood levels of Pb and Cd. Also, GPx and SOD were negatively correlated with blood Cd levels. The study clearly indicated that co-exposure to Cd and Pb can induce oxidative stress in glazers, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation and altered antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hormozi
- 1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ramazan Mirzaei
- 1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nakhaee
- 2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Izadi
- 3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Javid Dehghan Haghighi
- 4 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Rhein Induces Cell Death in HepaRG Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptotic Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041060. [PMID: 29614833 PMCID: PMC5979559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhein, a naturally occurring active anthraquinone found abundantly in various medicinal and nutritional herbs, possesses a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. Furthermore, previous studies have reported that rhein could induce hepatotoxicity in rats. However, its cytotoxicity and potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of rhein on HepaRG cells and the underlying mechanisms of its cytotoxicity. Our results demonstrate, by 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl-)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Annexin V-fluoresce isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double-staining assays, that rhein significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in HepaRG cells. Moreover, rhein treatment resulted in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and S phase cell cycle arrest. The results of Western blotting showed that rhein treatment resulted in a significant increase in the protein levels of Fas, p53, p21, Bax, cleaved caspases-3, -8, -9, and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). The protein expression of Bcl-2, cyclin A, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK 2) was decreased. In conclusion, these results suggest that rhein treatment could inhibit cell viability of HepaRG cells and induce cell death through cell cycle arrest in the S phase and activation of Fas- and mitochondrial-mediated pathways of apoptosis. These findings emphasize the need to assess the risk of exposure for humans to rhein.
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Nitric Oxide Regulates Seedling Growth and Mitochondrial Responses in Aged Oat Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041052. [PMID: 29614792 PMCID: PMC5979601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells and play a central role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycles; however, ROS production and regulation for seed germination, seedling growth, as well as mitochondrial responses to abiotic stress, are not clear. This study was conducted to obtain basic information on seed germination, embryo mitochondrial antioxidant responses, and protein profile changes in artificial aging in oat seeds (Avena sativa L.) exposed to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) treatment. The results showed that the accumulation of H2O2 in mitochondria increased significantly in aged seeds. Artificial aging can lead to a loss of seed vigor, which was shown by a decline in seed germination and the extension of mean germination time (MGT). Seedling growth was also inhibited. Some enzymes, including catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), maintained a lower level in the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) scavenging system. Proteomic analysis revealed that the expression of some proteins related to the TCA cycle were down-regulated and several enzymes related to mitochondrial ETC were up-regulated. With the application of 0.05 mM NO in aged oat seeds, a protective effect was observed, demonstrated by an improvement in seed vigor and increased H2O2 scavenging ability in mitochondria. There were also higher activities of CAT, GR, MDHAR, and DHAR in the AsA-GSH scavenging system, enhanced TCA cycle-related enzymes (malate dehydrogenase, succinate-CoA ligase, fumarate hydratase), and activated alternative pathways, as the cytochrome pathway was inhibited. Therefore, our results indicated that seedling growth and seed germinability could retain a certain level in aged oat seeds, predominantly depending on the lower NO regulation of the TCA cycle and AsA-GSH. Thus, it could be concluded that the application of 0.05 mM NO in aged oat seeds improved seed vigor by enhancing the mitochondrial TCA cycle and activating alternative pathways for improvement.
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Jung S, Moon HI, Lee BS, Kim S, Quynh NTN, Yu J, Le DDT, Sandag Z, Lee H, Lee H, Anh NH, Yang Y, Lim JS, Kim KI, Lee MS. Anti-cancerous effect of cis-khellactone from Angelica amurensis through the induction of three programmed cell deaths. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16744-16757. [PMID: 29682182 PMCID: PMC5908283 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelica amurensis has traditionally been used to treat various medical problems. In this report, we introduce cis-khellactone as a new anti-cancer agent, which was isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of the rhizomes of Angelica amurensis. Its anti-cancerous effect was at first tested in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cell lines, in which MCF7 is well known to be resistant to many anti-cancer drugs; MCF10A normal breast cell line was used as a control. In vitro experiments showed that cis-khellactone suppressed cell growth and proliferation at a relatively low concentrations (<5 μg/ml) and decreased cell viability at high concentrations (>10 μg/ml) in both cancer cell lines in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. This anti-cancerous effect was also checked in additional 16 different types of normal and cancer cell lines. Cis-khellactone treatment significantly suppressed cell proliferation and enhanced cell death in all tested cancer cell lines. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that cis-khellactone induced three types of programmed cell death (PCD): apoptosis, autophagy-mediated cell death, and necrosis/necroptosis. Cis-khellactone concentration-dependently decreased cell viability by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which are related to all three types of PCD. Mitochondrial fractionation data revealed that cis-khellactone induced the translocation of BAX and BAK into mitochondria as well as the overexpression of VDAC1, which probably accelerates MMP disruption and finally cell death. Importantly, our extended in vivo studies with xenograft model further confirmed these findings of anti-cancerous effects and showed no harmful effects in normal tissues, suggesting that there would be no side effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samil Jung
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Hyung-In Moon
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Subeen Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quynh
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Jimin Yu
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - Dan-Diem Thi Le
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Zolzaya Sandag
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Hyegyeong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Hyojeong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Nguyen Hai Anh
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Keun-Il Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 14310, South Korea
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215
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Heterophyllin B Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Suppressing the PI3K/Akt Pathways. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040717. [PMID: 29561811 PMCID: PMC6017815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterophyllin B (HB), an active cyclic peptide, is a compound existing in the ethyl acetate extract of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax and exhibited the activity of inhibiting the production of NO and cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, HB suppressed the production of ROS and the apoptosis induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The underlying mechanism was investigated in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that HB decreased the level of IL-1β and IL-6 expression by qRT-PCR analysis. HB up-regulated the relative ratio of p-AKT/AKT and p-PI3K/PI3K as indicated by western blot analysis. In summary, HB inhibited the LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and represented a potential therapeutic target for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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216
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Stone CA, McEvoy CT, Aschner JL, Kirk A, Rosas-Salazar C, Cook-Mills JM, Moore PE, Walsh WF, Hartert TV. Update on Vitamin E and Its Potential Role in Preventing or Treating Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Neonatology 2018; 113:366-378. [PMID: 29514147 PMCID: PMC5980725 DOI: 10.1159/000487388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E is obtained only through the diet and has a number of important biological activities, including functioning as an antioxidant. Evidence that free radicals may contribute to pathological processes such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease of prematurity associated with increased lung injury, inflammation and oxidative stress, led to trials of the antioxidant vitamin E (α-tocopherol) to prevent BPD with variable results. These trials were all conducted at supraphysiologic doses and 2 of these trials utilized a formulation containing a potentially harmful excipient. Since 1991, when the last of these trials was conducted, both neonatal management strategies for minimizing oxygen and ventilator-related lung injury and our understanding of vitamin E isoforms in respiratory health have advanced substantially. It is now known that there are differences between the effects of vitamin E isoforms α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol on the development of respiratory morbidity and inflammation. What is not known is whether improvements in physiologic concentrations of individual or combinations of vitamin E isoforms during pregnancy or following preterm birth might prevent or reduce BPD development. The answers to these questions require adequately powered studies targeting pregnant women at risk of preterm birth or their premature infants immediately following birth, especially in certain subgroups that are at increased risk of vitamin E deficiency (e.g., smokers). The objective of this review is to compile, update, and interpret what is known about vitamin E isoforms and BPD since these first studies were conducted, and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosby A Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cindy T McEvoy
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Judy L Aschner
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ashudee Kirk
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christian Rosas-Salazar
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joan M Cook-Mills
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - William F Walsh
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tina V Hartert
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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217
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Pan M, Han Y, Basu A, Dai A, Si R, Willson C, Balistrieri A, Scott BT, Makino A. Overexpression of hexokinase 2 reduces mitochondrial calcium overload in coronary endothelial cells of type 2 diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29513568 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00350.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular rarefaction, due to endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, is one of the causes of increased morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Coronary ECs in diabetes are more apoptotic due partly to mitochondrial calcium overload. This study was designed to investigate the role of hexokinase 2 (HK2, an endogenous inhibitor of voltage-dependent anion channel) in coronary endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. We used mouse coronary ECs (MCECs) isolated from type 2 diabetic mice and human coronary ECs (HCECs) from type 2 diabetic patients to examine protein levels and mitochondrial function. ECs were more apoptotic and capillary density was lower in the left ventricle of diabetic mice than the control. MCECs from diabetic mice exhibited significant increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]mito) compared with the control. Among several regulatory proteins for [Ca2+]mito, hexokinase 1 (HK1) and HK2 were significantly lower in MCECs from diabetic mice than control MCECs. We also found that the level of HK2 ubiquitination was higher in MCECs from diabetic mice than in control MCECs. In line with the data from MCECs, HCECs from diabetic patients showed lower HK2 protein levels than HCECs from nondiabetic patients. High-glucose treatment, but not high-fat treatment, significantly decreased HK2 protein levels in MCECs. HK2 overexpression in MCECs of diabetic mice not only lowered the level of [Ca2+]mito, but also reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production toward the level seen in control MCECs. These data suggest that HK2 is a potential therapeutic target for coronary microvascular disease in diabetes by restoring mitochondrial function in coronary ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglin Pan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aninda Basu
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anzhi Dai
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rui Si
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Conor Willson
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Brian T Scott
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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218
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Kim C, Park S. IGF-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP +-induced apoptosis via PI3K/PDK-1/Akt pathway. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:443-455. [PMID: 29459421 PMCID: PMC5843822 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a well-known anti-apoptotic pro-survival factor and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is linked to cell survival induced by IGF-1. It is also reported that Akt signaling is modulated by 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1). In the current study, we investigated whether the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF-1 in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is associated with the activity of PI3K/PDK1/Akt pathway. Treatment of cells with IGF-1 inhibited MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death. IGF-1-induced activation of Akt and the protective effect of IGF-1 on MPP+-induced apoptosis were abolished by chemical inhibition of PDK1 (GSK2334470) or PI3K (LY294002). The phosphorylated levels of Akt and PDK1 were significantly suppressed after MPP+ exposure, while IGF-1 treatment completely restored MPP+-induced reductions in phosphorylation. IGF-1 protected cells from MPP+ insult by suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde levels and increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Mitochondrial ROS levels were also increased during MPP+ exposure, which were attenuated by IGF-1 treatment. In addition, IGF-1-treated cells showed increased activities of succinate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase, stabilization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, increased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax, prevention of cytochrome c release and inhibition of caspase-3 activation with PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the protective effects of IGF-1 on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were attenuated when cells were preincubated with GSK2334470 or LY294002. Our data suggest that IGF-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-associated oxidative stress by preserving mitochondrial integrity and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptotic cascades via the activation of PI3K/PDK1/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyang Kim
- Department of Biomedical ScienceGraduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungjoon Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to ROS and Biomedical Science InstituteSchool of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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219
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Doxycycline is an NF-κB inhibitor that induces apoptotic cell death in malignant T-cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75954-75967. [PMID: 27732942 PMCID: PMC5342790 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that can affect the skin, blood, and lymph nodes, and can metastasize at late stages. Novel therapies that target all affected disease compartments and provide longer lasting responses while being safe are needed. One potential therapeutic target is NF-κB, a regulator of immune responses and an important participant in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. As a transcription factor, NF-κB targets genes that promote cell proliferation and survival. Constitutive or aberrant activation of NF-κB is encountered in many types of cancer, including CTCL.Recently, while analyzing gene-expression profiles of a variety of small molecule compounds that target NF-κB, we discovered the tetracycline family of antibiotics, including doxycycline, to be potent inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway. Doxycycline is well-tolerated, safe, and inexpensive; and is commonly used as an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory for the treatment a multitude of medical conditions.In our current study, we show that doxycycline induces apoptosis in a dose dependent manner in multiple different cell lines from patients with the two most common subtypes of CTCL, Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sézary Syndrome (SS). Similar results were found using primary CD4+ T cells from a patient with SS. Doxycycline inhibits TNF induced NF-κB activation and reduces expression of NF-κB dependent anti-apoptotic proteins, such as BCL2α. Furthermore, we have identified that doxycycline induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species.
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220
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Chaabane W, Appell ML. Interconnections between apoptotic and autophagic pathways during thiopurine-induced toxicity in cancer cells: the role of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75616-75634. [PMID: 27689330 PMCID: PMC5342765 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiopurines (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine) are a class of genotoxic drugs extensively used in the treatment of various illnesses including leukemia. Their underlying molecular mechanism of action involves the activation of apoptosis and autophagy but remains widely unclear. Here we present evidence that autophagy induction by thiopurines is a survival mechanism that antagonizes apoptosis and is involved in degrading damaged mitochondria through mitophagy. On the other hand, apoptosis is the main cell death mechanism by thiopurines as its inhibition prohibited cell death. Thus a tight interplay between apoptosis and autophagy controls cell fate in response to thiopurine treatment. Moreover, thiopurines disrupt mitochondrial function and induce a loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in thiopurine-induced apoptosis was further confirmed by increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibiting oxidative stress protected the cells from thiopurine-induced cell death and ROS scavenging prohibited autophagy induction by thiopurines. Our data indicate that the anticarcinogenic effects of thiopurines are mediated by complex interplay between cellular mechanisms governing redox homeostasis, apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Chaabane
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindqvist Appell
- Division of Drug Research, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
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221
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Chen L, Li G, Peng F, Jie X, Dongye G, Cai K, Feng R, Li B, Zeng Q, Lun K, Chen J, Xu B. The induction of autophagy against mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in lung cancer cells by a ruthenium (II) imidazole complex. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80716-80734. [PMID: 27811372 PMCID: PMC5348350 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, it was found that the ruthenium (II) imidazole complex [Ru(Im)4(dppz)]2+ (Ru1) could induce significant growth inhibition and apoptosis in A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Apart from the induction of apoptosis, it was reported for the first time that Ru1 induced an autophagic response in A549 and NCI-H460 cells as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes, acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs), and the up-regulation of LC3-II. Furthermore, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidant NAC or Tiron inhibited the release of cytochrome c, caspase-3 activity, and eventually rescued cancer cells from Ru1-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that Ru1 inducing apoptosis was partially caspase 3-dependent by triggering ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Further study indicated that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway was involved in Ru1-induced autophagy in A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Moreover, blocking autophagy using pharmacological inhibitors 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) enhanced Ru1-induced apoptosis, indicating the cytoprotective role of autophagy in Ru1-treated A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Finally, the in vivo mice bearing A549 xenografts, Ru1 dosed at 10 or 20 mg/kg significantly inhibited tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanmei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Guodong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Fa Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Xinming Jie
- Analysis Centre of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Guangzhi Dongye
- Analysis Centre of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Kangrong Cai
- Analysis Centre of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Ruibing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Baojun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Qingwang Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Kaiyi Lun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- Analysis Centre of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nature Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Bilian Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Nature Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
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222
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Li K, Li Y, Mi J, Mao L, Han X, Zhao J. Resveratrol protects against sodium nitroprusside induced nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis by scavenging ROS. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2485-2492. [PMID: 29436588 PMCID: PMC5846644 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced disc cell apoptosis plays an important role in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. The present study aims to investigate effects of resveratrol (RV), a natural polyphenol compound, on sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced nucleus pulposus (NP) cell apoptosis and related mechanism. Rat NP cells were pretreated with RV, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and carboxy-PTIO (PTIO) before SNP treatment. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was carried out for cell viability evaluation. Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI), Hoechst 33258 and Actin‑Tracker Green and Tubulin-Tracker Red staining were conducted to detect NP cell apoptosis and apoptotic structural changes. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was analyzed with tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester staining. DCFH-DA and DAF-FM DA staining was used to determine intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. An ex vivo experiment was also carried out followed by TUNEL assay of sections of discs. SNP induced NP cell apoptosis, excessive production of intracellular ROS and NO, reduction of ΔΨm as well as disruption of cytoskeletal and morphological structure. Meanwhile, organ culture results showed that SNP induced NP cell apoptosis ex vivo. RV and NAC siginificantly inhibited SNP induced NP cell apoptosis, production of intracellular ROS, deline of ΔΨm as well as disruption of cytoskeletal and morphological structure, while RV did not suppress NO production. RV and NAC could also suppress SNP induced NP cell apoptosis ex vivo. However, PTIO did not prevent SNP induced NP cell apoptosis, though it scavenged NO significantly. In conclusion, RV protects against SNP induced NP cell apoptosis by scavenging ROS but not NO, suggesting a promising prospect of RV in IVD degeneration retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jie Mi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Lu Mao
- Spine Center, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiuguo Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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223
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Zhou T, Prather ER, Garrison DE, Zuo L. Interplay between ROS and Antioxidants during Ischemia-Reperfusion Injuries in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020417. [PMID: 29385043 PMCID: PMC5855639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (IR), present in myocardial infarction or extremity injuries, is a major clinical issue and leads to substantial tissue damage. Molecular mechanisms underlying IR injury in striated muscles involve the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS accumulation results in cellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and initiation of cell death by activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Elevated ROS levels can also decrease myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity, thereby compromising muscle contractile function. Low levels of ROS can act as signaling molecules involved in the protective pathways of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). By scavenging ROS, antioxidant therapies aim to prevent IR injuries with positive treatment outcomes. Novel therapies such as postconditioning and pharmacological interventions that target IPC pathways hold great potential in attenuating IR injuries. Factors such as aging and diabetes could have a significant impact on the severity of IR injuries. The current paper aims to provide a comprehensive review on the multifaceted roles of ROS in IR injuries, with a focus on cardiac and skeletal muscle, as well as recent advancement in ROS-related therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyang Zhou
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Evan R Prather
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Davis E Garrison
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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224
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A Novel Bromophenol Derivative BOS-102 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human A549 Lung Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated PI3K/Akt and the MAPK Signaling Pathway. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16020043. [PMID: 29370087 PMCID: PMC5852471 DOI: 10.3390/md16020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromophenol is a type of natural marine product. It has excellent biological activities, especially anticancer activities. In our study of searching for potent anticancer drugs, a novel bromophenol derivative containing indolin-2-one moiety, 3-(4-(3-([1,4′-bipiperidin]-1′-yl)propoxy)-3-bromo-5-methoxybenzylidene)-N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoindoline-5-sulfonamide (BOS-102) was synthesized, which showed excellent anticancer activities on human lung cancer cell lines. A study of the mechanisms indicated that BOS-102 could significantly block cell proliferation in human A549 lung cancer cells and effectively induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via targeting cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). BOS-102 could also induce apoptosis, including activating caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm), and leading cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Further research revealed that BOS-102 deactivated the PI3K/Akt pathway and activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway resulting in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which indicated that BOS-102 has the potential to develop into an anticancer drug.
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225
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Cambogin exerts anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on breast adenocarcinoma through the induction of NADPH oxidase 1 and the alteration of mitochondrial morphology and dynamics. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50596-50611. [PMID: 27418140 PMCID: PMC5226606 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cambogin, a bioactive polycyclic polyprenylated acylphoroglucinol (PPAP) derived from the Garcinia genus, possesses proapoptotic effect in medulloblastoma and breast cancer cells. We have previously demonstrated that the proapoptotic effect of cambogin is driven by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we have shown that the inhibitory effect of cambogin on cell proliferation is associated with the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) and mitochondrial fragmentation. Cambogin also promotes the mutual complex formation of the membrane-bound subunit p22phox of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), as well as the phosphorylation of the cytosolic subunit p47phox, subsequently enhancing membrane-bound NOX1 activity, which leads to increases in intracellular and mitochondrial levels of O2.- and H2O2. Pharmacological inhibition of NOX1 using apocynin (pan-NOX inhibitor), ML171 (NOX1 inhibitor) or siRNA against NOX1 prevents the increases in O2.- and H2O2 levels and the anti-proliferative effect of cambogin. Antioxidants, including SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase) and EUK-8, are also able to restore cell viability in the presence of cambogin. Besides, cambogin increases the dissociation of thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) from ASK1, switching the inactive form of ASK1 to the active kinase, subsequently leads to the phosphorylation of JNK/SAPK, which is abolished upon ML171 treatment. The proapoptotic effect of cambogin in breast cancer cells is also aggravated upon knocking down Trx1 in MCF-7 cells. Taken in conjunction, these data indicate that the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of cambogin is mediated via inducing NOX1-dependent ROS production and the dissociation of ASK1 and Trx1.
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226
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Ba M, Long H, Wang S, Wu Y, Zhang B, Yan Z, Yu F, Cui S. Hyperthermia enhances radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells through ROS inducing autophagic cell death. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3763-3774. [PMID: 29240246 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Chen Ba
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of PharmacyGuangzhou Dermatology InstituteGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Yin‐Bing Wu
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Bo‐Huo Zhang
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zhao‐Fei Yan
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Fei‐Hong Yu
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Shu‐Zhong Cui
- Intracelom Hyperthermic Perfusion Therapy Center Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
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227
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Zhang G, Wang C, Sun M, Li J, Wang B, Jin C, Hua P, Song G, Zhang Y, Nguyen LLH, Cui R, Liu R, Wang L, Zhang X. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor growth by inducing intrinsic apoptosis through AKT signaling pathway in human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28935-46. [PMID: 26959116 PMCID: PMC5045368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The cinobufagin (CB) has a broad spectrum of cytotoxicity to inhibit cell proliferation of various human cancer cell lines, but the molecular mechanisms still remain elusive. Here we observed that CB inhibited the cell proliferation and tumor growth, but induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Treatment with CB significantly increased the reactive oxygen species but decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential in NSCLC cells. These effects were markedly blocked when the cells were pretreated with N-acetylcysteine, a specific reactive oxygen species inhibitor. Furthermore, treatment with CB induced the expression of BAX but reduced that of BCL-2, BCL-XL and MCL-1, leading to an activation of caspase-3, chromatin condensation and DNA degradation in order to induce programmed cell death in NSCLC cells. In addition, treatment with CB reduced the expressions of p-AKTT308 and p-AKTS473 and inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC cells in a time-dependent manner. Our results suggest that CB inhibits tumor growth by inducing intrinsic apoptosis through the AKT signaling pathway in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Integrative Endemic Area, Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Pathology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Jindong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Chengyan Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Peiyan Hua
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Lisa L H Nguyen
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xingyi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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228
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Yang C, Wu T, Qi Y, Zhang Z. Recent Advances in the Application of Vitamin E TPGS for Drug Delivery. Theranostics 2018; 8:464-485. [PMID: 29290821 PMCID: PMC5743561 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
D-ɑ-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (Vitamin E TPGS or TPGS) has been approved by FDA as a safe adjuvant and widely used in drug delivery systems. The biological and physicochemical properties of TPGS provide multiple advantages for its applications in drug delivery like high biocompatibility, enhancement of drug solubility, improvement of drug permeation and selective antitumor activity. Notably, TPGS can inhibit the activity of ATP dependent P-glycoprotein and act as a potent excipient for overcoming multi-drug resistance (MDR) in tumor. In this review, we aim to discuss the recent advances of TPGS in drug delivery including TPGS based prodrugs, nitric oxide donor and polymers, and unmodified TPGS based formulations. These potential applications are focused on enhancing delivery efficiency as well as the therapeutic effect of agents, especially on overcoming MDR of tumors. It also demonstrates that the clinical translation of TPGS based nanomedicines is still faced with many challenges, which requires more detailed study on TPGS properties and based delivery system in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conglian Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yan Qi
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
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229
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Glycyrrhizin induces reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 in HPV18+ human cervical cancer HeLa cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:752-764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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230
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Kim SH, Kim KY, Park SG, Yu SN, Kim YW, Nam HW, An HH, Kim YW, Ahn SC. Mitochondrial ROS activates ERK/autophagy pathway as a protected mechanism against deoxypodophyllotoxin-induced apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111581-111596. [PMID: 29340076 PMCID: PMC5762344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a naturally occurring flavolignan isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris. Recently, it has been reported that DPT inhibits tubulin polymerization and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis through multiple cellular processes. Despite these findings, details regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the DPT-mediated cell death have been poorly understood. To define a mechanism of DPT-mediated cell death response, we examined whether DPT activates signaling pathways for autophagy and apoptosis. We demonstrated that DPT inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines, as evidenced by a mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily generated from the mitochondria, play an important role in various cellular responses, such as apoptosis and autophagy. DPT significantly triggered mitochondrial ROS, which were detected by MitoSOX, a selective fluorescent dye of mitochondria-derived ROS. Furthermore, DPT induced autophagy through an up-regulation of autophagic biomarkers, including a conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 - I (LC3-I) into LC3-II and a formation of acidic vesicular organelles. Moreover, mitochondrial ROS promoted AKT-independent autophagy and ERK signaling. The inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine or LC3 knockdown enhanced DPT-induced apoptosis, suggesting that an autophagy plays a protective role in cell survival against apoptotic prostate cancer cells. Additionally, the results from an in vivo xenograft model confirmed that DPT inhibited tumor growth by regulating the apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hun Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Nam
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee An
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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231
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Li C, Yang B, Xu Z, Boivin E, Black M, Huang W, Xu B, Wu P, Zhang B, Li X, Chen K, Wu Y, Rayat GR. Protective effect of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on neonatal porcine islets. J Endocrinol 2017; 235:237-249. [PMID: 28931557 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cause of islet injury and dysfunction during isolation and transplantation procedures. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), which is present in various fruits and vegetables especially in Chinese bayberry, shows a potent antioxidant property. In this study, we determined whether C3G could protect neonatal porcine islets (NPI) from reactive oxygen species (H2O2)-induced injury in vitro and promote the function of NPI in diabetic mice. We found that C3G had no deleterious effect on NPI and that C3G protected NPI from damage induced by H2O2 Significantly higher hemeoxygenase-1 (HO1) gene expression was detected in C3G-treated NPI compared to untreated islets before and after transplantation (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/Akt) proteins in C3G-treated NPI compared to untreated islets. C3G induced the nuclear translocation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and the significant elevation of HO1 protein. Recipients of C3G-treated NPI with or without C3G-supplemented drinking water achieved normoglycemia earlier compared to recipients of untreated islets. Mice that received C3G-treated islets with or without C3G-supplemented water displayed significantly lower blood glucose levels at 5-10 weeks post-transplantation compared to mice that received untreated islets. Mice that received C3G-treated NPI and C3G-supplemented drinking water had significantly (P < 0.05) lower blood glucose levels at 7 and 8 weeks post-transplantation compared to mice that received C3G-treated islets. These findings suggest that C3G has a beneficial effect on NPI through the activation of ERK1/2- and PI3K/AKT-induced NRF2-mediated HO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eric Boivin
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mazzen Black
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Baoyou Xu
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of HorticultureCollege of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Department of HorticultureCollege of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hanghzou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gina R Rayat
- Department of SurgeryRay Rajotte Surgical-Medical Research Institute, Alberta Diabetes Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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232
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Jayakumar S, Patwardhan RS, Pal D, Singh B, Sharma D, Kutala VK, Sandur SK. Mitochondrial targeted curcumin exhibits anticancer effects through disruption of mitochondrial redox and modulation of TrxR2 activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:530-538. [PMID: 29080841 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitocurcumin is a derivative of curcumin, which has been shown to selectively enter mitochondria. Here we describe the anti-tumor efficacy of mitocurcumin in lung cancer cells and its mechanism of action. Mitocurcumin, showed 25-50 fold higher efficacy in killing lung cancer cells as compared to curcumin as demonstrated by clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and high throughput screening assay. Treatment of lung cancer cells with mitocurcumin significantly decreased the frequency of cancer stem cells. Mitocurcumin increased the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased the mitochondrial glutathione levels and induced strand breaks in the mitochondrial DNA. As a result, we observed increased BAX to BCL-2 ratio, cytochrome C release into the cytosol, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased caspase-3 activity suggesting that mitocurcumin activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Docking studies using mitocurcumin revealed that it binds to the active site of the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2) with high affinity. In corroboration with the above finding, mitocurcumin decreased TrxR activity in cell free as well as the cellular system. The anti-cancer activity of mitocurcumin measured in terms of apoptotic cell death and the decrease in cancer stem cell frequency was accentuated by TrxR2 overexpression. This was due to modulation of TrxR2 activity to NADPH oxidase like activity by mitocurcumin, resulting in higher ROS accumulation and cell death. Thus, our findings reveal mitocurcumin as a potent anticancer agent with better efficacy than curcumin. This study also demonstrates the role of TrxR2 and mitochondrial DNA damage in mitocurcumin mediated killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundarraj Jayakumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Raghavendra S Patwardhan
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Debojyoti Pal
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Babita Singh
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar Kutala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India.
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233
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Cao R, Wang G, Qian K, Chen L, Ju L, Qian G, Wu CL, Dan HC, Jiang W, Wu M, Xiao Y, Wang X. TM4SF1 regulates apoptosis, cell cycle and ROS metabolism via the PPARγ-SIRT1 feedback loop in human bladder cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 414:278-293. [PMID: 29175458 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane-4-L-Six-Family-1 (TM4SF1) is a member of the L6 family and functions as a signal transducer to regulate cell development, growth and motility. Here we show that TM4SF1 is strongly upregulated in human muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) tissues, corroborating the bioinformatical results of transcriptome analysis. Moreover, tissue microarray (TMA) shows significant correlations (p < 0.05) between high expression of TM4SF1 and T stage, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis status and survival rate of MIBC patients, indicating a positive association between TM4SF1 expression and poorer prognosis. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the proliferation of human bladder cancer (BCa) cells is significantly suppressed by knockdown of TM4SF1 (p < 0.05). Functionally, the reduction of TM4SF1 could induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis possibly via the upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BCa cells. In addition, these observations could be recovered by treatment with GW9662 (antagonist of PPARγ) and resveratrol (activator of SIRT1). Taken together, our results suggest that high expression of TM4SF1 predicts poor prognosis of MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Urology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingao Ju
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guofeng Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Han C Dan
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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234
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Fetterman JL, Sammy MJ, Ballinger SW. Mitochondrial toxicity of tobacco smoke and air pollution. Toxicology 2017; 391:18-33. [PMID: 28838641 PMCID: PMC5681398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Melissa J Sammy
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Scott W Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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235
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Bidkar AP, Sanpui P, Ghosh SS. Efficient induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by paclitaxel-loaded selenium nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:2641-2651. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs)-based delivery systems for paclitaxel (PTX) and assess their antiproliferative efficacy against cancer cells in vitro with potential mechanistic insight. Methods: Pluronic F-127 stabilized SeNPs were prepared and characterized. Effects of PTX-loaded SeNPs on lung (A549), breast (MCF7), cervical (HeLa) and colon (HT29) cancer cells were studied by viability assay complemented with flow-cytometric analyses of cell cycle, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species and caspase activity. Results: PTX-loaded SeNPs demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. Cell cycle analyses of PTX-SeNPs treated cells established G2/M phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner leading to apoptosis. Further investigation revealed disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential orchestrated with induction of reactive oxygen species leading to the activation of caspases, key players of apoptotic cell death. Conclusion: Efficient induction of apoptosis in various cancer cells by PTX-loaded SeNPs, with appropriate future studies, might lead to potential anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Parsram Bidkar
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Sanpui
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-39, Assam, India
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236
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Krupar R, Hautmann MG, Pathak RR, Varier I, McLaren C, Gaag D, Hellerbrand C, Evert M, Laban S, Idel C, Sandulache V, Perner S, Bosserhoff AK, Sikora AG. Immunometabolic Determinants of Chemoradiotherapy Response and Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 188:72-83. [PMID: 29107073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment and tumor metabolism are major determinants of chemoradiotherapy response. The interdependency and prognostic significance of specific immune and metabolic phenotypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were assessed and changes in reactive oxygen species were evaluated as a mechanism of treatment response in tumor spheroid/immunocyte co-cultures. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were immunohistochemically characterized in 73 HNSCC patients treated by definitive chemoradiotherapy and correlated with survival. The prognostic significance of CD8A, GLUT1, and COX5B gene expression was analyzed within The Cancer Genome Atlas database. HNSCC spheroids were co-cultured in vitro with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose and radiation treatment followed by PBMC chemotaxis determination via fluorescence microscopy. In the chemoradiotherapy-treated HNSCC cohort, mitochondrial-rich (COX5B) metabolism correlated with increased and glucose-dependent (GLUT1) metabolism with decreased intratumoral CD8/CD4 ratios. High CD8/CD4, together with mitochondrial-rich or glucose-independent metabolism, was associated with improved short-term survival. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis confirmed that patients with a favorable immune and metabolic gene signature (high CD8A, high COX5B, low GLUT1) had improved short- and long-term survival. In vitro, 2-deoxyglucose and radiation synergistically up-regulated reactive oxygen species-dependent PBMC chemotaxis to HNSCC spheroids. These results suggest that glucose-independent tumor metabolism is associated with CD8-dominant antitumor immune infiltrate, and together, these contribute to improved chemoradiotherapy response in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemarie Krupar
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Matthias G Hautmann
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ravi R Pathak
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Indu Varier
- Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Cassandra McLaren
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Doris Gaag
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Laban
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Idel
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vlad Sandulache
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anja K Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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237
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Banerjee K, Biswas MK, Choudhuri SK. A newly synthesized nickel chelate can selectively target and overcome multidrug resistance in cancer through redox imbalance both in vivo and in vitro. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:1223-1249. [PMID: 29063196 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Induction of undesired toxicity and emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) are the major obstacles for cancer treatment. Moreover, aggressive cancers are less sensitive towards existing chemotherapeutics. Therefore, selective targeting of cancers without inducing undesired side effects and designing proper strategies to overcome MDR has utmost importance in modern chemotherapy. Previously we revealed the anticancer properties of some transition metal chelates of Schiff base, but the effectiveness of nickel complex is still unrevealed. Herein, we synthesized and characterized a Schiff base nickel chelate, nickel-(II) N-(2-hydroxyacetophenone) glycinate (NiNG), through different spectroscopic means. NiNG proves to be a broad spectrum anticancer agent with considerable efficacy to overcome MDR in cancer. Antiproliferative effects of NiNG was evaluated using drug-resistant (CEM/ADR5000; NIH-MDR-G185; EAC/Dox), drug-sensitive aggressive (Hct116; CCRF-CEM; EAC/S) and normal (NIH-3T3) cells that reveal the selective nature of NiNG towards drug resistant and sensitive cancer cells without inducing any significant toxicity in normal cells. Moreover, NiNG involves reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated redox imbalance for induction of caspase 3-dependent apoptosis in aggressive drug-sensitive Hct116 and drug-resistant NIH-MDR-G185 cells through disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of NiNG at non-toxic doses caused significant increase in the life-span of Swiss albino mice bearing sensitive and doxorubicin-resistant subline of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. It is noteworthy that, in vitro NiNG can only overcome P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR while in vivo NiNG can overcome MRP1-mediated MDR in cancer. Therefore, NiNG has therapeutic potential to target and overcome MDR in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India
| | - Manas Kumar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Residential College, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumitra Kumar Choudhuri
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India.
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238
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Min K, Lawan A, Bennett AM. Loss of MKP-5 promotes myofiber survival by activating STAT3/Bcl-2 signaling during regenerative myogenesis. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:21. [PMID: 29047406 PMCID: PMC5648478 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) have been shown to be involved in regulating myofiber survival. In skeletal muscle, p38 MAPK and JNK are negatively regulated by MAPK phosphatase-5 (MKP-5). During muscle regeneration, MKP-5 is downregulated, thereby promoting p38 MAPK/JNK signaling, and subsequent repair of damaged muscle. Mice lacking MKP-5 expression exhibit enhanced regenerative myogenesis. However, the effect of MKP-5 on myofiber survival during regeneration is unclear. METHODS To investigate whether MKP-5 is involved in myofiber survival, skeletal muscle injury was induced by cardiotoxin injection, and the effects on apoptosis were assessed by TUNEL assay in wild type and MKP-5-deficient mice. The contribution of MKP-5 to apoptotic signaling and its link to this pathway through mitochondrial function were determined in regenerating skeletal muscle of MKP-5-deficient mice. RESULTS We found that loss of MKP-5 in skeletal muscle resulted in improved myofiber survival. In response to skeletal muscle injury, loss of MKP-5 decreased activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway involving the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and increased expression of the anti-apoptotic transcription factor Bcl-2. Skeletal muscle of MKP-5-deficient mice also exhibited an improved anti-oxidant capacity as a result of increased expression of catalase further contributing to myofiber survival by attenuating oxidative damage. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that MKP-5 coordinates skeletal muscle regeneration by regulating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. MKP-5 negatively regulates apoptotic signaling, and during regeneration, MKP-5 downregulation contributes to the restoration of myofiber survival. Finally, these results suggest that MKP-5 inhibition may serve as an important therapeutic target for the preservation of skeletal muscle survival in degenerative muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisuk Min
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ahmed Lawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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239
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Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Jaroonwitchawan T, Noisa P. Cordycepin induces apoptotic cell death of human brain cancer through the modulation of autophagy. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 46:113-121. [PMID: 28987792 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain cancer, in particular neuroblastoma and glioblastoma, is a global challenge to human health. Cordycepin, extracted from Cordyceps ssp., has been revealed as a strong anticancer agent through several ways; however, the mechanism, by which cordycepin counteracts brain cancers, is still poorly understood. In this study, the underlying mechanisms of cordycepin against human brain cancer cells were explored. SH-SY5Y and U251 cells were being a model to represent human neuroblastoma and glioblastoma, respectively. Here, it was found that cordycepin inhibited cell growth, and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in both SH-SY5Y and U-251 cell lines. The expression of pro-apoptotic genes, including P53, BAX, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9, were upregulated, whereas the expression of anti-apoptotic gene, BCL-2, was suppressed. Besides, cordycepin induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with the suppression of antioxidant genes, including GPX, SOD, and Catalase. Importantly, cordycepin was shown to involve in the activation of autophagy, which was evidenced by the increment of LC3I/II. The combination of cordycepin with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, further inhibited the growth, and enhanced the death of brain cancer cells. Altogether, this finding suggested that cordycepin induced apoptosis of human brain cancer cells through mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway and the modulation of autophagy. Therefore, cordycepin could be a promising candidate for the development of anticancer drugs targeting human brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Thiranut Jaroonwitchawan
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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240
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Chen H, Tang X, Zhou B, Zhou Z, Xu N, Wang Y. A ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway and Nrf2 pathway activation are involved in BDE-47 induced apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:679-686. [PMID: 28628905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that 2,2'-,4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is cytotoxic and induces apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidant transcriptional regulator of oxidative stress and apoptosis, is involved in this process. The results of toxicological experiments showed that BDE-47 decreased the cellular mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm, followed by an increase in intracellular caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity, suggesting that a mitochondrial pathway was involved in the apoptotic process. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents as well as the oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio were elevated simultaneously in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that BDE-47 induced oxidative stress. The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) not only alleviated the oxidative stress but also blocked apoptosis and the decrease in MMP induced by BDE-47, indicating that the overproduction of ROS participates in a mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Moreover, BDE-47 stimulated the transcriptional induction of the Nrf-2 gene and induced mRNA expression of the main antioxidant response genes in the Nrf-2 pathway, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H/quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Additionally, NAC and the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway inhibitor SB 203580 greatly reduced Nrf2 and HO-1 induction. We hypothesized that the ROS mediated mitochondrial pathway is involved in the BDE-47-induced apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells and that the Nrf2 pathway helps protect Neuro-2a cells from BDE-47-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Chen
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China.
| | - Xuexi Tang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ningning Xu
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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241
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Ahmad W, Ijaz B, Shabbiri K, Ahmed F, Rehman S. Oxidative toxicity in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease: mechanisms behind ROS/ RNS generation. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:76. [PMID: 28927401 PMCID: PMC5606025 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxidative species (ROS) toxicity remains an undisputed cause and link between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Patients with both AD and T2DM have damaged, oxidized DNA, RNA, protein and lipid products that can be used as possible disease progression markers. Although the oxidative stress has been anticipated as a main cause in promoting both AD and T2DM, multiple pathways could be involved in ROS production. The focus of this review is to summarize the mechanisms involved in ROS production and their possible association with AD and T2DM pathogenesis and progression. We have also highlighted the role of current treatments that can be linked with reduced oxidative stress and damage in AD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
| | - Bushra Ijaz
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Shabbiri
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Fayyaz Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Rehman
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad, Abbottabad, 22010, Pakistan
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242
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Usmani A, Mishra A, Ahmad M. Nanomedicines: a theranostic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:680-690. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1374282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Usmani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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243
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244
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Selective stimulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by silica nanoparticles in human endothelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 42:308-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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245
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Cao R, Wang G, Qian K, Chen L, Qian G, Xie C, Dan HC, Jiang W, Wu M, Wu CL, Xiao Y, Wang X. Silencing of HJURP induces dysregulation of cell cycle and ROS metabolism in bladder cancer cells via PPARγ-SIRT1 feedback loop. J Cancer 2017; 8:2282-2295. [PMID: 28819432 PMCID: PMC5560147 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Holliday Junction Recognition Protein (HJURP) is a centromeric histone chaperone involving in de novo histone H3 variant CenH3 (CENP-A) recruitment. Our transcriptome and in vivo study revealed that HJURP is significantly upregulated in bladder cancer (BCa) tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of HJURP inhibited proliferation and viability of BCa cell lines revealed by CCK-8, colony formation and Ki-67-staining assays, and induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as triggered cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase possibly via loss of CENP-A. Interestingly, in the HJURP-reduced BCa cells the levels of PPARγ and acetylated-p53 were increased, while the ratio of phosphorylated/total SIRT1 protein was decreased. Moreover, after treatment of the BCa cells using PPARγ antagonist (GW9662) and SIRT1 agonist (resveratrol, RSV) respectively, thee phenotypes of cell cycle arrest, increased ROS production and inhibited proliferation rate were all rescued. Taken together, our results suggested that HJURP might regulate proliferation and apoptosis via the PPARγ-SIRT1 negative feedback loop in BCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guofeng Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han C Dan
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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246
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Chung TW, Su JH, Lin CC, Li YR, Chao YH, Lin SH, Chan HL. 24-Methyl-Cholesta-5,24(28)-Diene-3β,19-diol-7β-Monoacetate Inhibits Human Small Cell Lung Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo via Apoptosis Induction. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15070210. [PMID: 28671570 PMCID: PMC5532652 DOI: 10.3390/md15070210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
24-methyl-cholesta-5,24(28)-diene-3β,19-diol-7β-monoacetate (MeCDDA) is a natural steroid compound isolated from a wild-type soft coral (Nephthea erecta). The present study aimed to investigate the anti-small cell lung cancer (SCLC) effects of MeCDDA in vitro and in vivo, as well as to elucidate its underlying mechanism. Our results indicated that H1688 and H146 cells show relevant sensitivity to MeCDDA, and the exposure to MeCDDA in SCLC cells caused dose-dependent growth inhibitory responses. In addition, MeCDDA treatment promoted cell apoptosis and increased the activities of caspases in H1688 cells, reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and stimulating the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Along with the increase in Bax expression and reduction in Bcl-2, the MeCDDA treatment also significantly decreased Akt and mTOR phosphorylation. Finally, MeCDDA treatment in the mouse xenograft model of H1688 cells exhibited significant inhibition of tumor growth, corroborating MeCDDA as a potential pre-clinical candidate for the treatment of SCLC. Overall, our results demonstrate that the cytotoxic effects of MeCDDA towards H1688 and H146 cells, possibly through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, merit further studies for its possible clinical application in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wen Chung
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- Taiwan Coral Research Center, National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chen Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Rong Li
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chao
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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247
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Geng YD, Zhang C, Lei JL, Yu P, Xia YZ, Zhang H, Yang L, Kong LY. Walsuronoid B induces mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction leading to apoptotic rather than autophagic cell death via ROS/p53 signaling pathways in liver cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 142:71-86. [PMID: 28673807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.06.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Walsuronoid B is a limonoid compound extracted from Walsura robusta. Previous studies have shown that limonoid compounds possess anti-cancer potential, although the molecular mechanism of this activity remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that walsuronoid B inhibited cell proliferation in several human cancer lines. Liver cancer cells (HepG2 and Bel-7402) were chosen for their high sensitivity to walsuronoid B. Walsuronoid B induced cell death through G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis and induced the accumulation of autophagosomes through the suppression of mTOR signaling, which serves as a cell survival mechanism and prevents cell death. We further examined the molecular mechanisms and found that walsuronoid B-induced dysfunction of the mitochondria and lysosomes rather than the endoplasmic reticulum contributed to its cell death effect. Walsuronoid B enhanced the generation of hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and superoxide anion radical, resulting in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, ROS induced by walsuronoid B upregulated p53 levels; conversely, p53 stimulated ROS. These results suggested that ROS and p53 reciprocally promoted each other's production and cooperated to induce liver cancer cell death. We found that the induction of ROS and p53 significantly triggered G2/M phase arrest and mitochondrial and lysosomal apoptosis. Finally, walsuronoid B suppressed tumor growth in vivo with few side effects. In summary, our findings demonstrated that walsuronoid B caused G2/M phase arrest and induced mitochondrial and lysosomal apoptosis through the ROS/p53 signaling pathway in human liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/isolation & purification
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/pharmacology
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/therapeutic use
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Limonins/isolation & purification
- Limonins/pharmacology
- Limonins/therapeutic use
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Lysosomes/physiology
- Meliaceae/chemistry
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-di Geng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Li Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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248
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Eriocalyxin B, a novel autophagy inducer, exerts anti-tumor activity through the suppression of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 142:58-70. [PMID: 28669564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.06.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Eriocalyxin B (EriB), a natural ent-kaurane diterpenoid presented in the plant Isodon eriocalyx var. laxiflora, has been reported to diminish angiogenesis-dependent breast tumor growth. In the present study, the effects of EriB on human breast cancer and its underlying mechanisms were further investigated. The in vitro anti-breast cancer activity of EriB was determined using MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. MDA-MB-231 xenograft model of human breast cancer was also established to explore the anti-tumor effect in vivo. We found that EriB was able to induce apoptosis accompanied by the activation of autophagy, which was evidenced by the increased accumulation of autophagosomes, acidic vesicular organelles formation, the microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B-II (LC3B-II) conversion from LC3B-I and p62 degradation. Meanwhile, EriB treatment time-dependently decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), leading to the inhibition of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Moreover, the blockage of autophagy obviously sensitized EriB-induced cell death, which suggested the cytoprotective function of autophagy in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Interestingly, the autophagic features and apoptosis induction were prevented by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine, indicating that ROS played an essential role in the mediation of EriB-induced cell death. Furthermore, in MDA-MB-231 xenograft model, EriB displayed a significant anti-tumor effect via the activation of autophagy and apoptosis in breast tumor cells. Taken together, our findings firstly demonstrated that EriB suppressed breast cancer cells growth both in vitro and in vivo, and thus could be developed as a promising anti-breast tumor agent.
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249
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Pecze L, Viskolcz B, Oláh Z. Molecular Surgery Concept from Bench to Bedside: A Focus on TRPV1+ Pain-Sensing Neurons. Front Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28626428 PMCID: PMC5455100 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
"Molecular neurosurgery" is emerging as a new medical concept, and is the combination of two partners: (i) a molecular neurosurgery agent, and (ii) the cognate receptor whose activation results in the selective elimination of a specific subset of neurons in which this receptor is endogenously expressed. In general, a molecular surgery agent is a selective and potent ligand, and the target is a specific cell type whose elimination is desired through the molecular surgery procedure. These target cells have the highest innate sensitivity to the molecular surgery agent usually due to the highest receptor density being in their plasma membrane. The interaction between the ligand and its receptor evokes an overactivity of the receptor. If the receptor is a ligand-activated non-selective cation channel, the overactivity of receptor leads to excess Ca2+ and Na+ influx into the cell and finally cell death. One of the best known examples of such an interaction is the effect of ultrapotent vanilloids on TRPV1-expressing pain-sensing neurons. One intrathecal resiniferatoxin (RTX) dose allows for the receptor-mediated removal of TRPV1+ neurons from the peripheral nervous system. The TRPV1 receptor-mediated ion influx induces necrotic processes, but only in pain-sensing neurons, and usually within an hour. Besides that, target-specific apoptotic processes are also induced. Thus, as a nano-surgery scalpel, RTX removes the neurons responsible for generating pain and inflammation from the peripheral nervous system providing an option in clinical management for the treatment of morphine-insensitive pain conditions. In the future, the molecular surgery concept can also be exploited in cancer research for selectively targeting the specific tumor cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Pecze
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Béla Viskolcz
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of MiskolcMiskolc, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Oláh
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of MiskolcMiskolc, Hungary.,Acheuron Ltd.Szeged, Hungary
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Ahmad M, Sahabjada , Akhtar J, Hussain A, Badaruddeen , Arshad M, Mishra A. Development of a new rutin nanoemulsion and its application on prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:810-823. [PMID: 28694767 PMCID: PMC5500835 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biological effects of rutin bioactive are limited due to its poor oral bioavailability and its degradation in aqueous environments. For the purpose of bioenhancement, different nanoemulsion systems of rutin were developed by aqueous titration method using water as dispersion media. The nanoemulsion systems were characterized for surface morphology, droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, in vitro release profile and the formulations were optimized. The anticancer potential of optimized nanoemulsion was evaluated by cells viability (MTT) assay, nuclear condensation, and ROS activity using human prostate cancer (PC3) cell line. On the basis of cell viability data the inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for optimized nanoemulsion formulation on PC3 cancer cells was found to be 11.8 μM. Fluorescent microscopic analysis and intracellular ROS generation demonstrated significant ROS induction that might lead to triggering the apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, developed nanoemulsion displayed significant efficacy against prostate carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - - Sahabjada
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Arshad Hussain
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA. Formerly, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - - Badaruddeen
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Md Arshad
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Herbal Bioactive Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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