301
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Zhou H, Wang H, Yu M, Schugar RC, Qian W, Tang F, Liu W, Yang H, McDowell RE, Zhao J, Gao J, Dongre A, Carman JA, Yin M, Drazba JA, Dent R, Hine C, Chen YR, Smith JD, Fox PL, Brown JM, Li X. IL-1 induces mitochondrial translocation of IRAK2 to suppress oxidative metabolism in adipocytes. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:1219-1231. [PMID: 32778760 PMCID: PMC7566776 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a common feature of obesity with elevated cytokines such as Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in circulation and tissues. Here, we report an unconventional IL-1R-MyD88-IRAK2-PHB/OPA1 signaling axis that reprograms mitochondrial metabolism in adipocytes to exacerbate obesity. IL-1 induced recruitment of IRAK2-Myddosome to mitochondria outer membrane via recognition by TOM20, followed by TIMM50-guided translocation of IRAK2 into mitochondria inner membrane to suppress oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation, thereby, attenuating energy expenditure. Adipocyte-specific MyD88 or IRAK2 deficiency reduced high fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain, increased energy expenditure and ameliorated insulin resistance, associated with a smaller adipocyte size and increased cristae formation. IRAK2 kinase inactivation also reduced HFD-induced metabolic diseases. Mechanistically, IRAK2 suppressed respiratory super-complex formation via interaction with PHB1 and OPA1 upon stimulation of IL-1. Taken together, our results suggest that IRAK2 Myddosome functions as a critical link between inflammation and metabolism, representing a novel therapeutic target for patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Minjia Yu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Schugar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wen Qian
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fangqiang Tang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ruth E McDowell
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ji Gao
- Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ashok Dongre
- Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Julie A Carman
- Discovery Biology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Mei Yin
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Judith A Drazba
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Dent
- University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Hine
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yeong-Renn Chen
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paul L Fox
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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302
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Wu S, Liu Y, Jiang P, Xu Y, Zheng W, Song S, Ai C. Effect of sulfate group on sulfated polysaccharides-induced improvement of metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high fat diet-fed mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2062-2072. [PMID: 32768480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides were shown to benefit metabolic syndrome (MS) and gut microbiota, but the contribution of sulfate group remains unclear. In this study, sulfated polysaccharides from pacific abalone (AGSP) and its desulfated product (D-AGSP) were prepared, and the contribution of sulfate group was analyzed via in vitro and in vivo models. The result showed that sulfate group had no obvious effect on the reaction of AGSP with RAW 264.7 cells, but it affected the growth properties of gut microbes that able to utilize AGSP. The mice experiment showed that D-AGSP reduced weight gain, fat accumulation and lipid metabolism disorder in HFD-fed mice as well as AGSP, and no differences between them were found. Sequencing analysis showed that sulfate group influenced AGSP-induced alterations of the gut microbiota at higher taxonomic levels, some of which had close correlation with the improvement of physiological index. These results implied that sulfate group may partially determine the activities of polysaccharides via gut microbiota-mediated pathway, but the exact mechanisms need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yili Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Pingrui Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yuxin Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Weiyun Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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303
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Park S, Strauss SM. Food insecurity as a predictor of metabolic syndrome in U.S. female adults. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37:663-670. [DOI: 10.1111/phn.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So‐Hyun Park
- Hunter Bellevue School of Nursing City University of New York New York NY USA
| | - Shiela M. Strauss
- Hunter Bellevue School of Nursing City University of New York New York NY USA
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing New York NY USA
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304
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Rizzo G. The Antioxidant Role of Soy and Soy Foods in Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070635. [PMID: 32708394 PMCID: PMC7402135 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress seems to play a role in many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some cancers. Research is always looking for effective approaches in the prevention and treatment of these pathologies with safe strategies. Given the central role of nutrition, the identification of beneficial healthy foods can be the best key to having a safe and at the same time effective approach. Soy has always aroused great scientific interest but often this attention is galvanized by the interaction with estrogen receptors and related consequences on health. However, soy, soy foods, and soy bioactive substances seem to have antioxidant properties, suggesting their role in quenching reactive oxygen species, although it was frequently mentioned but not studied in depth. The purpose of this review is to summarize the scientific evidence of the antioxidant properties of soy by identifying the human clinical trials available in the literature. A total of 58 manuscripts were individuated through the literature search for the final synthesis. Soy bioactive substances involved in redox processes appear to be multiple and their use seems promising. Other larger clinical trials with adequate standardization and adequate choice of biomarkers will fill the gap currently existing on the suggestive role of soy in antioxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy
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305
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Luo Z, Xu W, Zhang Y, Di L, Shan J. A review of saponin intervention in metabolic syndrome suggests further study on intestinal microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105088. [PMID: 32683035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a series of symptoms including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, and hepatic steatosis. As a key criterion in MetS, the onset of insulin resistance is related to abnormal levels of circulating free fatty acids and adipokines. It has been discovered in recent years that metabolites and pathogen-associated molecular patterns of intestinal/gut microbiota are also important factors that cause insulin resistance and MetS. Saponins are the main components of many botanicals and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as ginseng, platycodon, licorice, and alfalfa. They have poor bioavailability, but can be transformed into secondary glycosides and aglycones by intestinal microbiota, further being absorbed. Based on in vivo and in vitro data, we found that saponins and their secondary metabolites have a preventive effect on MetS, and the effective targets are distributed in the intestine and other organs in human body. Intestinal targets involve pancreatic lipase, dietary cholesterol, and intestinal microbiota. Other targets include central appetite, nuclear receptors such as PPAR and LXR, AMPK signaling pathway and adipokines levels, etc. In view of the poor bioavailability of saponins, it is inferred that targets for prototype-saponins to interfere with MetS is mainly located in the intestine, and the activation of other targets may be related to secondary glycosides and aglycones transformed from saponins by intestinal flora. We suggest that the role of intestinal microbiota in saponin intervention in MetS should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Luo
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weichen Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Genome Center of UC Davis, NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Liuqing Di
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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306
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Liu Y, Fan Y, Liu Q, Liu K, Chen F, Tang X, Li G, Hu D, Song G. Sex-specific association of serum uric acid dynamics with the incidence of metabolic syndrome in a health check-up Chinese population: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035289. [PMID: 32616490 PMCID: PMC7333806 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have demonstrated that elevated serum uric acid (SUA) level is linked with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, whether there is a sex difference in the association between SUA and MetS has not been determined. This study aimed to accurately explore the impact of SUA longitudinal changes on MetS by sex. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING The Health Check-up Centre of the Second Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University from 2010 to 2016. PARTICIPANTS A health check-up cohort of 577 men and 1698 women aged 20-60 years who did not exhibit MetS or hyperuricaemia at baseline and underwent at least two physical examinations from 2010 to 2016. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Weight, height, blood pressure and blood biochemistry parameters, including SUA, were measured. MetS was defined according to the Joint Interim Statement criteria. METHODS Based on longitudinal data, a linear mixed-effects model was constructed to explore the characteristics of SUA dynamic changes in males and females, and joint modelling of longitudinal and survival data was done to analyse the association between SUA dynamic changes and MetS occurrence. RESULTS The natural logarithm of SUA (LNSUA) in females exhibited a gradually increasing trend, and its annual growth rate in females who developed MetS was greater than that of the non-MetS females. The longitudinal growth of SUA in females was a risk factor for the onset of MetS, and the estimated HR was 13.2580 (95% CI 1.9106 to 91.9957) for each 1-unit rise in LNSUA longitudinally. An association between the longitudinal growth of LNSUA and MetS was not found in males. CONCLUSIONS The longitudinal increase in SUA in females could increase the risk of MetS, even if the SUA changes within the normal range. The longitudinal increase in SUA in males was not a predictor for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- The Physical Examination Centre of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongjun Fan
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qigui Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kehua Liu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guorong Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongmei Hu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guirong Song
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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307
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Wang T, Xu J, Fu L, Li L. Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with platelet hyperactivation in metabolic syndrome patients. Int J Clin Pract 2020; 74:e13508. [PMID: 32279396 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), in which platelet hyperactivation plays a pivotal role. The purpose of this study was to evaluate platelet function in MetS patients using Platelet Function Analyzer-100 (PFA-100) and to explore the risk factors for platelet hyperactivity in MetS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We investigated participants who were enrolled for health check-up in our department. Routine physical examinations and fasting blood sample tests were performed when participants visited the hospital. MetS was defined as ≥3 of the risk factors according to the Harmonised criteria: central obesity, hypertension (HP), hypertriglyceridemia, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol and hyperglycaemia. Participants were divided into a MetS group (≥3), normal control (NC) group (0) and non-MetS group (1-2) according to the numbers of the five risk factors. Platelet function was tested by PFA-100, which measures the time taken for blood to occlude an aperture (closure time [CT]). All continuous data were compared using Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test according to the data distribution. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to investigate the independent risk marker for PFA-100 CT values. RESULTS A total of 831 participants (611 males and 220 females) was included in our subject. The MetS group had significantly shorter CT values compared with the NC group (106 (52-181) s vs 111 (70-210) s, P < .05) and the non-MetS Group (106 (52-181) s vs 113 (73-197) s, P < .05). Higher body mass index, hypertriglyceridemia and HP were correlated with shorter CT values (P < .05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that hypertriglyceridemia was an independent risk marker for shorter PFA-100 CT values (P < .05). CONCLUSION Our results indicate the presence of platelet hyperactivation in MetS patients and that hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk marker for it. Triglyceride-lowering treatment may reduce CVD risk in MetS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of International Medical Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of International Medical Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of International Medical Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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308
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Post-weaning exposure to high-sucrose diet induces early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease onset and progression in male mice: role of dysfunctional white adipose tissue. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 11:509-520. [PMID: 32594969 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) particularly among chronic consumers of added sugar-rich diets. However, the impact of early consumption of such diets on NAFLD onset and progression is unclear. Thus, this study sought to characterise metabolic factors involved in NAFLD progression in young mice fed with a high-sucrose diet (HSD). Male Swiss mice were fed HSD or regular chow (CTR) from weaning for up to 60 or 90 days. Obesity development, glucose homeostasis and serum biochemical parameters were determined at each time-point. At day 90, mice were euthanised and white adipose tissue (WAT) collected for lipolytic function assessment and liver for histology, gene expression and cytokines quantification. At day 60, HSD mice presented increased body mass, hypertriglyceridemia, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and simple steatosis. Upon 90 days on diet, WAT from HSD mice displayed impaired insulin sensitivity, which coincided with increased fasting levels of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA), as well as NAFLD progression to NASH. Transcriptional levels of lipogenic genes, particularly stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, were consistently increased, leading to hepatic leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines spillover. Therefore, our dataset supports IR triggering in the WAT as a major factor for dysfunctional release of FFA towards portal circulation and consequent upregulation of lipogenic genes and hepatic inflammatory onset, which decisively concurred for NAFLD-to-NASH progression in young HSD-fed mice. Notwithstanding, this study forewarns against the early introduction of dietary sugars in infant diet, particularly following breastfeeding cessation.
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309
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Jakubczyk A, Karaś M, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K, Zielińska E, Zieliński D. Current Trends of Bioactive Peptides-New Sources and Therapeutic Effect. Foods 2020; 9:E846. [PMID: 32610520 PMCID: PMC7404774 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, bioactive peptides are natural compounds of food or part of protein that are inactive in the precursor molecule. However, they may be active after hydrolysis and can be transported to the active site. Biologically active peptides can also be synthesized chemically and characterized. Peptides have many properties, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, and chelating effects. They are also responsible for the taste of food or for the inhibition of enzymes involved in the development of diseases. The scientific literature has described many peptides with bioactive properties obtained from different sources. Information about the structure, origin, and properties of peptides can also be found in many databases. This review will describe peptides inhibiting the development of current diseases, peptides with antimicrobial properties, and new alternative sources of peptides based on the current knowledge and documentation of their bioactivity. All these issues are part of modern research on peptides and their use in current health or technological problems in food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jakubczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Monika Karaś
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-069 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Zielińska
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation of Food Quality, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Damian Zieliński
- Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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310
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Jakubczyk A, Karaś M, Stanikowski P, Rutkowska B, Dziedzic M, Zielińska E, Szychowski KA, Binduga UE, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K, Baraniak B. Characterisation of Biologically Active Hydrolysates and Peptide Fractions of Vacuum Packaging String Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Foods 2020; 9:E842. [PMID: 32605271 PMCID: PMC7404719 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to characterise biologically active hydolysates and peptide fractions obtained from vacuum-packed string beans (Phaseolus vulragis L.) (PB). Unpacked beans were a control sample. The influence on human squamous carcinoma cell line SCC-15 (ATCC CRL-1623) was determined. Packed bean (PB) and unpacked bean (UB) extracts were found to exert no effect on the tongue squamous carcinoma cells. The results of the study indicated that the packing process contributed to the retention of protein, soluble dietary fibre, and free sugar (2.36, 3.5, and 1.79 g/100 d.m., respectively). PB was characterised by higher antioxidant activity (expressed as neutralisation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS ABTS•+) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) free radicals) as well as Fe2+ chelation and reducing power (IC50 = 54.56, 0.46, 3.85 mg mL-1; 0.088 A700/peptide content, respectively) than the UB samples before hydrolysis. The hydrolysis process enhanced these properties. The IC50 value of lipase and α-amylase inhibitory activity of the hydrolysates obtained from UB was reduced. The PB and UB fractions exhibited a certain level of antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Candida albicans were not sensitive to these peptide fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jakubczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Monika Karaś
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Stanikowski
- Department of Plant Food Technology and Gastronomy, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Beata Rutkowska
- Scientific Students Group of Food Biochemistry and Nutrition Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (B.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Magdalena Dziedzic
- Scientific Students Group of Food Biochemistry and Nutrition Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (B.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Ewelina Zielińska
- Department of Analysis and Assessment of Food Quality, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Konrad A. Szychowski
- Department of Lifestyle Disorders and Regenerative Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland; (K.A.S.); (U.E.B.)
| | - Urszula E. Binduga
- Department of Lifestyle Disorders and Regenerative Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland; (K.A.S.); (U.E.B.)
| | - Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-069 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Baraniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
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311
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Kazemifar AM, Shafikhani AA, Mozhdehipanah H, Khamesi S, Arami M. Evaluation of different types of arsenic methylation and its relationship with metabolic syndrome in an area chronically exposed to arsenic. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2020; 35:e2020006. [PMID: 32693558 PMCID: PMC7374187 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.e2020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the relationship between arsenic metabolism and diseases, including metabolic syndrome, is complex. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different types of arsenic methylation and its association with metabolic syndrome in an arsenic endemic area. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 132 subjects from Shahid-Abad Village, Qazvin province, Iran (arsenic endemic area). Demographic characteristics, metabolic syndrome, and urinary arsenic species, including iAs (inorganic arsenic), MMA (monomethylarsonic acid), and DMA (dimethylarsinic acid) were measured for all patients and their relationship was analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. In this study, 34.5% of the participants had metabolic syndrome. The decrease in %MMA, increase in %DMA and increase in secondary methylation index (DMA/MMA) were associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (p<0.05). We did not find any association between the incidence of metabolic syndrome with primary methylation index (MMA/iAs) and %iAs (p>0.05). This study showed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in people with metabolic syndrome than in the general population. A closer examination revealed that the secondary methylation index is related to the metabolic syndrome and its components. Given the higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in patients with metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to change the pathogenesis of the disease using comprehensive management methods for decreasing patient complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammad Kazemifar
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shafikhani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shali Khamesi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Arami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Bahar A, Kashi Z, Kheradmand M, Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Moradinazar M, Ramezani F, Afshari M, Moosazadeh M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome using international diabetes federation, National Cholesterol Education Panel- Adult Treatment Panel III and Iranian criteria: results of Tabari cohort study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:205-211. [PMID: 32550169 PMCID: PMC7270474 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is defined by co-incidence of multiple metabolic disorders such as central obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome using Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Iranian criteria in large-scaled population based cohort study and to determine the concordance between these criteria. METHODS In the present study all information collected in Tabari cohort study(TCS) were utilized. These information were collected using a structural questionnaire and taking blood samples from all the participants. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured for all participants by trained practitioners. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square test. In addition, the quantitative variables were compared between the two the groups using independent t-test. Kappa coefficient was estimated to show the agreement between the results of the three criteria. RESULTS The prevalences of Metabolic syndrome were 41.10%(CI 95%:40.10-42.02), 44.60%(CI 95%:43.61-45.54), and 30.80% (CI 95%:29.89-31.69) based on ATPIII, international IDF and IDF Iranian criteria respectively. The Kappa agreement coefficients between Iranian IDF with ATPIII definition and international IDF were estimated as 61.80% and 71.20% in the total population respectively. CONCLUSION Kappa coefficient showed that the Iranian IDF had a good agreement with International IDF and an intermediate agreement with the ATP-III. Considering more emphasis of international and Iranian IDF on waist circumference (WC), a better agreement between these two criteria is plausible. Regarding the high prevalence of abdominal obesity among Iranian population, applying these criteria to identify high risk persons might be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Bahar
- Diabetes research center, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Kashi
- Diabetes research center, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Motahareh Kheradmand
- Health Sciences Research center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Diabetes research center, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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313
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Bourrie BCT, Richard C, Willing BP. Kefir in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. Curr Nutr Rep 2020; 9:184-192. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-020-00315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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314
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Hesperidin ameliorates signs of the metabolic syndrome and cardiac dysfunction via IRS/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway in a rat model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:833-848. [PMID: 32462317 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hesperidin has been reported to have biological activities such as antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant effects. This study investigated whether hesperidin could improve signs of the metabolic syndrome and cardiac function in a high-fat diet (HFD) induced metabolic syndrome (MS) in rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HFD and 15% fructose for 16 weeks and treated with hesperidin (15 or 30 mg/kg, based on signs of MS from a preliminary study) or metformin, a positive control agent, (100 mg/kg) for the final four weeks. Cardiac function, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and lipid profiles were measured. Histomorphometrics of left ventricles, epidydimal fat pads and liver were evaluated. Expressions of phosphorylate insulin receptor substrate1(p-IRS1), p-Akt and GLUT4 in cardiac tissue were determined. RESULTS Hesperidin and metformin attenuated MS in HFD rats (p < 0.05). The accumulation of visceral fat pads and fatty liver associated with increases in liver lipid contents and liver enzymes were found in MS rats that were alleviated in hesperidin or metformin-treated groups (p < 0.05). Hesperidin and metformin improved cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy observed in MS rats (p < 0.05). Restoration of the insulin signaling pathway, IRS/Akt/GLUT4 protein expression, was demonstrated in hesperidin and metformin-treated groups (p < 0.05). Hesperidin (30 mg/kg) was more effective than the lower dose. CONCLUSION Hesperidin was effective in reducing signs of MS and alterations of LV hypertrophy and function. These beneficial effects on the heart were associated with the restoration of the cardiac insulin signaling pathway in MS rats.
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315
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Kim SR, Kim HN, Song SW. Associations Between Mental Health, Quality of Life, and Obesity/Metabolic Risk Phenotypes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:347-352. [PMID: 32429802 DOI: 10.1089/met.2020.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for many health issues, as are metabolic abnormalities; all may affect mental health and one's health-related quality of life. Therefore, we investigated the association between obesity subtypes, considering both body weight and metabolic abnormalities, and the mental health and quality of life of a Korean population. Methods: We used data from the 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Korean civilians, and data on a total of 6057 participants were analyzed. Obesity subtypes were classified as metabolically healthy but obese (MHO); metabolically abnormal but of normal weight (MANW); and metabolically abnormal and obese (MAO). Results: MHO was positively associated with mobility problems, pain/discomfort, and stress compared with metabolically healthy and of normal weight (MHNW) control. MAO was positively associated with problems in terms of not only mobility problems, pain/discomfort, and stress but also self-care and usual activity problems, and improper sleep duration, compared with the MHNW control. MANW showed no associations with the mental health problems or quality of life. Conclusions: With or without metabolic abnormalities, obesity is associated with mental health problems and decreased quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Rae Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Song
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
A peculiar category of persons with obesity lacking common metabolic disturbances has been depicted and termed as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Yet, although MHO patients are free of obesity-associated complications, they might not be entirely precluded from developing cardio-metabolic disorders. Among patients with morbid obesity (MO) who are referred to bariatric surgery, a subset of metabolically healthy MO (MHMO) has been identified and the question arises if these patients would benefit from surgery in terms of mitigating the peril of cardio-metabolic complications. We revisited the pathophysiological mechanisms that define MHO, the currently available data on the cardio-metabolic risk of these patients and finally we reviewed the benefits of bariatric surgery and the urge to better characterize MHMO before submission to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Florinela Cătoi
- Pathophysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Iuliu Hațieganu', University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca Romania, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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317
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Das S, Mohamed IN, Teoh SL, Thevaraj T, Ku Ahmad Nasir KN, Zawawi A, Salim HH, Zhou DK. Micro-RNA and the Features of Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:626-635. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200122124445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has risen globally. MetS includes a combination
of features, i.e. blood glucose impairment, excess abdominal/body fat dyslipidemia and elevated
blood pressure. Other than conventional treatment with drugs, the main preventive approaches include
lifestyle changes, weight loss, diet control and adequate exercise also proves to be beneficial. MicroRNAs
(miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical regulatory roles in most biological
and pathological processes. In the present review, we discuss various miRNAs which are related to
MetS by targeting various organs, including the pancreas, liver, skeletal muscles and adipose tissues.
These miRNAs have the effect on insulin production and secretion (miR-9, miR-124a, miR-130a,b,
miR152, miR-335, miR-375), insulin resistance (miR-29), adipogenesis (miR-143, miR148a) and lipid
metabolism (miR-192). We also discuss the miRNAs as potential biomarkers and future therapeutic
targets. This review may be beneficial for molecular biologists and clinicians dealing with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijit Das
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tarrsini Thevaraj
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Azwani Zawawi
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hazwan Hazrin Salim
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dennis Kheng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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318
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Nouri Z, Hajialyani M, Izadi Z, Bahramsoltani R, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Nanophytomedicines for the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome: A Pharmacological and Biopharmaceutical Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:425. [PMID: 32478050 PMCID: PMC7240035 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome includes a series of metabolic abnormalities that leads to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Plant extracts, due to their unique advantages like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and insulin sensitizing properties, are interesting therapeutic options to manage MetS; however, the poor solubility and low bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive components in the herbal extracts are two critical challenges. Nano-scale delivery systems are suitable to improve delivery of herbal extracts. This review, for the first time, focuses on nanoformulations of herbal extracts in MetS and related complications. Included studies showed that several forms of nano drug delivery systems such as nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanobiocomposites, and green-synthesized silver, gold, and zinc oxide nanoparticles have been developed using herbal extracts. It was shown that the method of preparation and related parameters such as temperature and type of polymer are important factors affecting physicochemical stability and therapeutic activity of the final product. Many of these formulations could successfully decrease the lipid profile, inflammation, oxidative damage, and insulin resistance in in vitro and in vivo models of MetS-related complications. Further studies are still needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of these novel herbal formulations for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nouri
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Hajialyani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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319
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Buniam J, Chukijrungroat N, Rattanavichit Y, Surapongchai J, Weerachayaphorn J, Bupha-Intr T, Saengsirisuwan V. 20-Hydroxyecdysone ameliorates metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunction in high-fat-high-fructose-fed ovariectomized rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:140. [PMID: 32375750 PMCID: PMC7203795 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ecdysteroids are polyhydroxylated steroids present in invertebrates and plants. 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is the most common and the main biologically active compound of ecdysteroids. Previous studies have demonstrated anabolic and metabolic effects of 20E in mammals. However, it is unknown whether 20E has a positive effect on all aspects of cardiometabolic syndrome. The aims of this study were to investigate the favorable effect and possible underlying mechanisms of 20E in a rat model of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) induced by a high-calorie diet combined with female sex hormone deprivation. Methods 20E (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 20 mg/kg) or pioglitazone (PIO) (10 mg/kg) was intragastrically administered to sham-operated Sprague-Dawley female rats and ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat-high-fructose diet (OHFFD) for 8 weeks. The phenotypic characteristics of CMS, including central adiposity, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, glucose tolerance, insulin action on skeletal muscle glucose transport activity and hepatic protein expression, were determined. Results Some CMS characteristics were improved by 20E treatment. Rats treated with 20E had lower body weight, abdominal fat accumulation than rats treated with vehicle control without changes in total caloric intake and fat-free mass. OHFFD rats exhibited high blood pressure, but 20E-treated rats maintained normal blood pressure with a lower level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. Although 20E showed no positive effect on inducing insulin-mediated glucose transport in the skeletal muscle of OHFFD rats, 20E improved whole body glucose homeostasis. Analysis of protein expression in livers from 20E-treated rats revealed significantly increased expression of pAkt Ser473, pFOXO1 Ser256, pAMPKα Thr172, and FGF21. Conclusion 20E treatment can alleviate cardiometabolic disorder caused by a high-fat-high-fructose diet and female sex hormone deprivation. In particular, 20E helps improve whole body insulin sensitivity in OHFFD rats, and the mechanisms that underlie this favorable effect are potentially mediated by the activation of AMPK and FGF21. The present study indicates that 20E could be an alternative therapeutic option for the prevention and alleviation of cardiometabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jariya Buniam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Natsasi Chukijrungroat
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samut Prakan, 10540, Thailand
| | - Yupaporn Rattanavichit
- Division of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand
| | | | | | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Vitoon Saengsirisuwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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320
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Wang HH, Lee DK, Liu M, Portincasa P, Wang DQH. Novel Insights into the Pathogenesis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2020; 23:189-230. [PMID: 32483543 PMCID: PMC7231748 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2020.23.3.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome, by definition, is not a disease but is a clustering of individual metabolic risk factors including abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These risk factors could dramatically increase the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The reported prevalence of the metabolic syndrome varies, greatly depending on the definition used, gender, age, socioeconomic status, and the ethnic background of study cohorts. Clinical and epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that the metabolic syndrome starts with central obesity. Because the prevalence of obesity has doubly increased worldwide over the past 30 years, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome has markedly boosted in parallel. Therefore, obesity has been recognized as the leading cause for the metabolic syndrome since it is strongly associated with all metabolic risk factors. High prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is not unique to the USA and Europe and it is also increasing in most Asian countries. Insulin resistance has elucidated most, if not all, of the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome because it contributes to hyperglycemia. Furthermore, a major contributor to the development of insulin resistance is an overabundance of circulating fatty acids. Plasma fatty acids are derived mainly from the triglycerides stored in adipose tissues, which are released through the action of the cyclic AMP-dependent enzyme, hormone sensitive lipase. This review summarizes the latest concepts in the definition, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, as well as its preventive measures and therapeutic strategies in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dong Ki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - David Q.-H. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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321
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Zhang B, Pan B, Zhao X, Fu Y, Li X, Yang A, Li Q, Dong J, Nie J, Yang J. The interaction effects of smoking and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in coke oven workers. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125880. [PMID: 31955044 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interrelated risk factors, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. The prevalence of MetS might be affected by environmental pollution and individual's poor lifestyles. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the interactions effect of PAHs exposure and poor lifestyles on MetS among coke oven workers. We measured the concentrations of 11 urinary PAH metabolites among 682 coke oven workers by HPLC-MS. China adult blood lipid abnormality prevention guide (2016) was employed for diagnosing MetS. An interaction effect was tested in the modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS The results showed that the urinary level of 1-NAP (P for trend = 0.043) and 2-FLU (P for trend = 0.037) had significant dose-response relationships with increased PR of MetS. For 1-NAP, statistically significant positive association was with low HDL among individuals (P for trend = 0.003). Besides, smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk of prevalence ratio of MetS (PR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.00-1.13), high triglycerides (PR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.05-1.20) and low HDL (PR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14). Smokers who with high levels of 1-NAP and 2-FLU had higher prevalence ratio of MetS compared with non-smokers who with low levels of 1-NAP [PR (95% CI): 1.17 (1.06-1.29); P for trend = 0.002] and 2-FLU [PR (95% CI): 1.17 (1.06-1.29); P for trend = 0.004]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested PAHs exposure increased the prevalence ratio of MetS and this effect can be modified by smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Baolong Pan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Ye Fu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Aimin Yang
- Hong Kong Institutes of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Center of Occupational Disease Prevention, Xishan Coal Electricity (Group) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Center of Occupational Disease Prevention, Xishan Coal Electricity (Group) Co., Ltd, China
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China.
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322
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Somogyi E, Sigalet D, Adrian TE, Nyakas C, Hoornenborg CW, van Beek AP, Koopmans HS, van Dijk G. Ileal Transposition in Rats Reduces Energy Intake, Body Weight, and Body Fat Most Efficaciously When Ingesting a High-Protein Diet. Obes Surg 2020; 30:2729-2742. [PMID: 32342267 PMCID: PMC7260147 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Ileal transposition (IT) allows exploration of hindgut effects of bariatric procedures in inducing weight loss and reducing adiposity. Here we investigated the role of dietary macronutrient content on IT effects in rats. Methods Male Lewis rats consuming one of three isocaloric liquid diets enriched with fat (HF), carbohydrates (HC), or protein (HP) underwent IT or sham surgery. Body weight, energy intake, energy efficiency, body composition, and (meal-induced) changes in plasma GIP, GLP-1, PYY, neurotensin, and insulin levels were measured. Results Following IT, HC intake remained highest leading to smallest weight loss among dietary groups. IT in HF rats caused high initial weight loss and profound hypophagia, but the rats caught up later, and finally had the highest body fat content among IT rats. HP diet most efficaciously supported IT-induced reduction in body weight and adiposity, but (as opposed to other diet groups) lean mass was also reduced. Energy efficiency decreased immediately after IT irrespective of diet, but normalized later. Energy intake alone explained variation in post-operative weight change by 80%. GLP-1, neurotensin, and PYY were upregulated by IT, particularly during (0–60 min) and following 17-h post-ingestive intake, with marginal diet effects. Thirty-day post-operative cumulative energy intake was negatively correlated to 17-h post-ingestive PYY levels, explaining 47% of its variation. Conclusion Reduction in energy intake underlies IT-induced weight loss, with highest efficacy of the HP diet. PYY, GLP-1, and neurotensin levels are upregulated by IT, of which PYY may be most specifically related to reduced intake and weight loss after IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Somogyi
- School of PhD Studies, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David Sigalet
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas E Adrian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Csaba Nyakas
- School of PhD Studies, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christiaan W Hoornenborg
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - André P van Beek
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry S Koopmans
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gertjan van Dijk
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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323
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Suara SB, Siassi F, Saaka M, Foroshani AR, Asadi S, Sotoudeh G. Dietary fat quantity and quality in relation to general and abdominal obesity in women: a cross-sectional study from Ghana. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:67. [PMID: 32276629 PMCID: PMC7149837 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although relationships between obesity and total fat and fat types have been widely examined, the associations between the relative proportions of fatty acids calculated in the form of indices and obesity/overweight are lacking. The objective of this study was to assess associations between dietary fat quality indices and odds of obesity/overweight in women from Ghana. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, dietary information was obtained using 24-h dietary recall. The odds of obesity were evaluated across quintiles of specific DFQ indices [atherogenicity index (AI), thrombogenic index (TI), hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acids ratio (h/H), omega-3 to omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (∑ω-3/∑ω-6), polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratio (PSR), dietary lipophilic index (LI) and percentage of energy from total fat (TF)]. RESULTS After adjustment for covariates, general obesity and overweight were inversely associated with ∑ω-3/∑ω-6 ratio (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.24-1.63; P for trend (P) = 0.005) and positively with TI (4.14; 95% CI: 1.78-9.66; P = 0.01) and LI (2.49; 95% CI: 1.14-5.43; P = 0.01). The odds of abdominal obesity based on waist circumference (WC) were significantly higher among participants in the fifth quintile (Q) compared with those in the first Q of AI (1.24; 95% CI: 0.56-2.74; P = 0.01), TI (4.14; 95% CI: 1.78-9.66; P = 0.009), LI (2.11; 95% CI: 0.98-4.55; P = 0.02) and TF (1.59; 95% CI: (0.73-3.46; P = 0.003). Similarly, waist to height ratio (WHtR) was positively associated with AI (2.89; 95% CI: 1.32-6.31; P = 0.04), TI (2.65; 95% CI: 1.22-5.76; P = 0.03), LI (3.32; 95% CI: 1.52-7.28; P = 0.007) and TF (1.83; 95% CI: 0.85-3.93; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION There was an inverse association between ∑ω-3/∑ω-6 ratio and general obesity and WC. We also found positive associations between abdominal obesity and AI and TF. Furthermore, TI and LI showed positive relationships with both general and abdominal obesity. Therefore, intake of dietary fatty acids in favor of higher ratios of ∑ω-3/∑ω-6 may be important in obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufyan Bakuri Suara
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Number 21, Dameshgh St. Vali-e Asr Ave., Tehran, 1416753955, Iran
| | - Fereydoun Siassi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahama Saaka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Post Office Box 1350, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Abbas Rahimi Foroshani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Asadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost street, Naderi street, Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
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Shi Y, Zou Y, Shen Z, Xiong Y, Zhang W, Liu C, Chen S. Trace Elements, PPARs, and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2612. [PMID: 32283758 PMCID: PMC7177711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. The pathogenesis of MetS has been intensively studied, and now many factors are recognized to contribute to the development of MetS. Among these, trace elements influence the structure of proteins, enzymes, and complex carbohydrates, and thus an imbalance in trace elements is an independent risk factor for MetS. The molecular link between trace elements and metabolic homeostasis has been established, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have appeared as key regulators bridging these two elements. This is because on one hand, PPARs are actively involved in various metabolic processes, such as abdominal adiposity and insulin sensitivity, and on the other hand, PPARs sensitively respond to changes in trace elements. For example, an iron overload attenuates hepatic mRNA expression of Ppar-α; zinc supplementation is considered to recover the DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α, which is impaired in steatotic mouse liver; selenium administration downregulates mRNA expression of Ppar-γ, thereby improving lipid metabolism and oxidative status in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. More importantly, PPARs' expression and activity are under the control of the circadian clock and show a robust 24 h rhythmicity, which might be the reasons for the side effects and the clinical limitations of trace elements targeting PPARs. Taken together, understanding the casual relationships among trace elements, PPARs' actions, and the pathogenesis of MetS is of great importance. Further studies are required to explore the chronopharmacological effects of trace elements on the diurnal oscillation of PPARs and the consequent development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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325
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Wang X, Howell D, Tang L, Shao J, Ye Z. Comparative study on prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on three criteria among adults in Zhejiang province, China: an observational study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035216. [PMID: 32265245 PMCID: PMC7245414 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adults, describe the disease components and compare utility of the existing international criteria and Chinese diagnostic criteria. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective database analysis was conducted for one hospital in Zhejiang province, China. We analysed data (collected in 2017) from a total of 64 902 participants (37 500 males and 27 402 females), aged between 18 and 97 years, and who met the eligibility criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We employed three criteria for MetS proposed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2005, the 2009 Joint Scientific Statement (harmonising criteria) and the China Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2013 to detect prevalence of MetS. Specifically, we analysed waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, plasma triglycerides and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. RESULTS We found an estimated age-adjusted MetS prevalence of 20.4% using IDF 2005, 30.0% based on harmonising criteria 2009 and 16.3% under the CDS 2013. This prevalence was higher in males, older adults and increased body mass index. Analysis of agreements among the criteria were 87.2% (IDF and CDS), 87.1% (IDF and harmonising criteria) and 81.6% (CDS and harmonising criteria), while their kappa coefficients were 0.641, 0.708 and 0.572 for IDF versus CDS, IDF versus harmonising criteria and CDS versus harmonising criteria, respectively. The most prevalent MetS component was abdominal obesity (50.1%), followed by dyslipidaemia (49.5%) and hypertension (46.8%) using harmonising criteria. CONCLUSION These findings revealed moderate agreement among the three criteria with utility in Chinese clinical settings. The harmonising criteria 2009 performed better in early identification of MetS in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyi Wang
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Doris Howell
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leiwen Tang
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ye
- Department of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Caso F, Chimenti MS, Navarini L, Ruscitti P, Peluso R, Girolimetto N, Del Puente A, Giacomelli R, Scarpa R, Costa L. Metabolic Syndrome and psoriatic arthritis: considerations for the clinician. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:409-420. [PMID: 32149545 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1740593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is strictly interconnected with systemic inflammation, and increased evidence has described a close link between this condition and Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA).Areas covered: This review summarizes main studies exploring clinical aspects and prevalence of MetS in PsA cohorts. Further, there is accumulating evidence showing shared inflammatory pathways between MetS, its components, and PsA.Expert opinion: The high prevalence of MetS in PsA highlights the need for screening, evaluation, and close monitoring of MetS and its components (namely, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) in psoriatic patients.Further studies should focus on the pathogenetic link between MetS and PsA. More studies are required to identify appropriate algorithms for the assessment and management of MetS in PsA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Sole Chimenti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Navarini
- Unit of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rosario Peluso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolò Girolimetto
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Rheumatology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Puente
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scarpa
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Costa
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Kazlauskaite R, Janssen I, Wilson RS, Appelhans BM, Evans DA, Arvanitakis Z, El Khoudary SR, Kravitz HM. Is Midlife Metabolic Syndrome Associated With Cognitive Function Change? The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5735651. [PMID: 32083676 PMCID: PMC7059989 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects cognitive function in late life, particularly in women. But longitudinal research is scarce on associations of MetS with cognitive function during midlife. OBJECTIVE To determine associations between MetS exposure and cognitive function trajectories in midlife women. DESIGN AND SETTING This is a 17-year prospective, longitudinal study of multiracial/ethnic women in 7 US communities, with annual/biennial assessments. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 2149 US women traversing menopause. EXPOSURE Exposure consisted of MetS assessments (median 4 assessments over 4 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Main outcome measures were assessments of cognitive function in 3 domains: perceptual speed (symbol digit modalities test, SDMT), episodic memory (East Boston Memory Test, EBMT), and working memory (Digit Span Backward Test, DSB). RESULTS By their first cognitive assessment (age 50.7 ± 2.9 years), 29.5% met the criteria for MetS. Women completed a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 6 (IQR 4-7) follow-up cognitive assessments over 11.2 (IQR 9.2-11.5) years. Women with MetS, compared with those without, had a larger 10-year decline in SDMT z-score (estimate -0.087, 95% confidence interval, -0.150 to -0.024; P = 0.007), after adjustment for cognitive testing practice effects, sociodemographics, lifestyle, mood, and menopause factors. As such, MetS accelerated the 10-year loss of perceptual speed by 24%. MetS did not differentially affect the rate of decline in either immediate (P = 0.534) or delayed (P = 0.740) episodic memory or in working memory (P = 0.584). CONCLUSIONS In midlife women MetS exposure was associated with accelerated decline in perceptual speed, but not episodic or working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Kazlauskaite
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Rasa Kazlauskaite, MD, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W. Harrison St. (Jelke) Ste. 604w | Chicago, IL 60612. E-mail:
| | - Imke Janssen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert S Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bradley M Appelhans
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zoe Arvanitakis
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Samar R El Khoudary
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Howard M Kravitz
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Xu R, Blanchard BE, McCaffrey JM, Woolley S, Corso LML, Duffy VB. Food Liking-Based Diet Quality Indexes (DQI) Generated by Conceptual and Machine Learning Explained Variability in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:E882. [PMID: 32218114 PMCID: PMC7231006 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall pattern of a diet (diet quality) is recognized as more important to health and chronic disease risk than single foods or food groups. Indexes of diet quality can be derived theoretically from evidence-based recommendations, empirically from existing datasets, or a combination of the two. We used these methods to derive diet quality indexes (DQI), generated from a novel dietary assessment, and to evaluate relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults with (n = 106) or without (n = 106) diagnosed depression (62% female, mean age = 21). Participants completed a liking survey (proxy for usual dietary consumption). Principle component analysis of plasma (insulin, glucose, lipids) and adiposity (BMI, Waist-to-Hip ratio) measures formed a continuous cardiometabolic risk factor score (CRFS). DQIs were created: theoretically (food/beverages grouped, weighted conceptually), empirically (grouping by factor analysis, weights empirically-derived by ridge regression analysis of CRFS), and hybrid (food/beverages conceptually-grouped, weights empirically-derived). The out-of-sample CRFS predictability for the DQI was assessed by two-fold and five-fold cross validations. While moderate consistencies between theoretically- and empirically-generated weights existed, the hybrid outperformed theoretical and empirical DQIs in cross validations (five-fold showed DQI explained 2.6% theoretical, 2.7% empirical, and 6.5% hybrid of CRFS variance). These pilot data support a liking survey that can generate reliable/valid DQIs that are significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, especially theoretically- plus empirically-derived DQI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.X.); (B.E.B.); (J.M.M.); (L.M.L.C.)
| | - Bruce E. Blanchard
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.X.); (B.E.B.); (J.M.M.); (L.M.L.C.)
| | - Jeanne M. McCaffrey
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.X.); (B.E.B.); (J.M.M.); (L.M.L.C.)
| | - Stephen Woolley
- Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, 200 Retreat Ave, Hartford, CT 06106, USA;
| | - Lauren M. L. Corso
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.X.); (B.E.B.); (J.M.M.); (L.M.L.C.)
| | - Valerie B. Duffy
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (R.X.); (B.E.B.); (J.M.M.); (L.M.L.C.)
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Alexander CM. Is Heart Failure Still the Frequent, Forgotten, and Often Fatal Complication of Diabetes? J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:1263-1265. [PMID: 32192651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jahandideh F, Wu J. Perspectives on the Potential Benefits of Antihypertensive Peptides towards Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2192. [PMID: 32235782 PMCID: PMC7139547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to the regulation of blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) also plays a key role in the onset and development of insulin resistance, which is central to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Due to the interplay between RAS and insulin resistance, antihypertensive compounds may exert beneficial effects in the management of MetS. Food-derived bioactive peptides with RAS blocking properties can potentially improve adipose tissue dysfunction, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance involved in the pathogenesis of MetS. This review discusses the pathophysiology of hypertension and the association between RAS and pathogenesis of the MetS. The effects of bioactive peptides with RAS modulating effects on other components of the MetS are discussed. While the in vivo reports on the effectiveness of antihypertensive peptides against MetS are encouraging, the exact mechanism by which these peptides infer their effects on glucose and lipid handling is mostly unknown. Therefore, careful design of experiments along with standardized physiological models to study the effect of antihypertensive peptides on insulin resistance and obesity could help to clarify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Jahandideh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
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331
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Hernandez-Baixauli J, Quesada-Vázquez S, Mariné-Casadó R, Gil Cardoso K, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Escoté X, Baselga-Escudero L. Detection of Early Disease Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A New Era with the NMR Metabolomics Assessment. Nutrients 2020; 12:E806. [PMID: 32197513 PMCID: PMC7146483 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease developed due to accumulation and chronification of several risk factors associated with disrupted metabolism. The early detection of the biomarkers by NMR spectroscopy could be helpful to prevent multifactorial diseases. The exposure of each risk factor can be detected by traditional molecular markers but the current biomarkers have not been enough precise to detect the primary stages of disease. Thus, there is a need to obtain novel molecular markers of pre-disease stages. A promising source of new molecular markers are metabolomics standing out the research of biomarkers in NMR approaches. An increasing number of nutritionists integrate metabolomics into their study design, making nutrimetabolomics one of the most promising avenues for improving personalized nutrition. This review highlight the major five risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome and related diseases including carbohydrate dysfunction, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Together, it is proposed a profile of metabolites of each risk factor obtained from NMR approaches to target them using personalized nutrition, which will improve the quality of life for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hernandez-Baixauli
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Sergio Quesada-Vázquez
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Roger Mariné-Casadó
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ctra. De Valls, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Katherine Gil Cardoso
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ctra. De Valls, s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Laura Baselga-Escudero
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (S.Q.-V.); (R.M.-C.); (K.G.C.); (A.C.); (J.M.D.B.)
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Kang MK, Kim KO, Kim MC, Park JG, Jang BI. Sarcopenia Is a New Risk Factor of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Dig Dis 2020; 38:507-514. [PMID: 32135539 DOI: 10.1159/000506938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Recently, sarcopenia has been proposed as an additional risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and there have been no studies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to analyze the clinical associations between sarcopenia and NAFLD in IBD patients. METHODS From January 2004 to December 2017, a total of 488 IBD patients, with CT results, were classified according to the presence of NAFLD. Sarcopenia was assessed based on the muscle volume calculated by the total psoas muscle area in the third lumbar region divided by the square of the patient's height (m2). RESULTS Among the 443 included patients, NAFLD was diagnosed in 49 patients (11.1%). Sarcopenia was noted in 34.9%; it was more common in the NAFLD group (51.0 vs. 33.0%; p = 0.019). In multivariate analysis, metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 8.63), hyperuricemia (OR, 4.66), small bowel resection (OR, 3.45), and sarcopenia (OR, 2.99) were significant risk factors of NAFLD in IBD patients. In addition, sarcopenia was an independent risk factor after adjustment for age, sex, and other metabolic factors (OR, 2.26). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in IBD patients was 11.1%, and sarcopenia was an independent risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea,
| | - Min Cheol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Gil Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ik Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Zhang SY, Wu F, Tang DL, Rong XS, Guo QH, Fang M, Zhao QH, Zhao YX. Pilot testing the caregiver self-management intervention for caregivers of relatives with dementia. Geriatr Nurs 2020; 41:147-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sareban Hassanabadi M, Mirhosseini SJ, Mirzaei M, Namayandeh SM, Beiki O, Gannar F, Boffetta P, Pakseresht M, Tabesh M, Ahmadi N, Kazeminasab M, Salehi- Abargouei A. The Most Important Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome Persistence after 10-year Follow-Up: YHHP Study. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:33. [PMID: 32363020 PMCID: PMC7187548 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_215_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the world's largest health epidemics, and its management is a major challenge worldwide. The aim of this 10-year follow-up study was to assess the most important predictors of MetS persistence among an Iranian adult population. METHODS In this cohort study, 887 out of 2000 participants with MetS aged 20-74 years in the central part of Iran were followed-up for about 10 years from 2005-2006 to 2015-2016. MetS was defined based on the criteria of NCEP-ATP III adopted for the Iranian population. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to evaluate the predictors of MetS persistence in crude- and multivariate-adjusted models. RESULTS Our analyses showed that 648 out of 887 participants (73%) completed the follow-up and 565 (87.2%) of them had persistence of MetS after 10-year follow-up. There was a significant association between age, weight, body mass index, triglyceride, and waist circumference in participants who had MetS compared to those without MetS after 10-year follow-up (P < 0.05). There was a direct association between increases in the mean changes of systolic/diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and low HDL-C and risk of MetS persistence after adjusting the model for sex and age in the total population (P trend < 0.05). The trends were the same for women except in diastolic blood pressure. After adjustment for potential confounders, the risk of MetS persistence in men was significantly higher than women (HR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.38-2.85, Ptrend = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Most of the risk factors of MetS were positively associated with persistence of MetS. Therefore, modification of lifestyle is recommended to reduce MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Jalil Mirhosseini
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Omid Beiki
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fadoua Gannar
- Research Unit “Integrated Physiology”, Laboratory of Biochemistry- Human Nutrition, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mohammadreza Pakseresht
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabesh
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nastaran Ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Kazeminasab
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi- Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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335
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Lee H, Kong G, Tran Q, Kim C, Park J, Park J. Relationship Between Ginsenoside Rg3 and Metabolic Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:130. [PMID: 32161549 PMCID: PMC7052819 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is an important public health issue and is associated with a more affluent lifestyle. Many studies of metabolic syndrome have been reported, but its pathogenesis remains unclear and there is no effective treatment. The ability of natural compounds to ameliorate metabolic syndrome is currently under investigation. Unlike synthetic chemicals, such natural products have proven utility in various fields. Recently, ginsenoside extracted from ginseng and ginseng root are representative examples. For example, ginseng is used in dietary supplements and cosmetics. In addition, various studies have reported the effects of ginsenoside on metabolic syndromes such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In this review, we describe the potential of ginsenoside Rg3, a component of ginseng, in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Gyeyeong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chaeyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Life Science, Hyehwa Liberal Arts College, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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336
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18α-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) ameliorates fructose-induced nephropathy in mice by suppressing oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109702. [PMID: 32106383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive fructose (FRU) intake can result in insulin resistance and metabolic disorder, which are related to renal injury.18α-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a bioactive component mainly extracted from Glycyrrhiza radix, and has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its effects on FRU-induced renal injury still remain unclear. In this study, we found that 18α-GA treatments could significantly ameliorate the cell viability in FRU-treated tubule epithelial cells, accompanied with improved mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in FRU-stimulated cells was markedly reduced by 18α-GA, which were associated with the activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf-2) and the blockage of MAPKs signaling. Additionally, dyslipidemia detected in FRU-treated cells was greatly inhibited by 18α-GA. We also found that 18α-GA significantly ameliorated FRU-induced inflammation in cells through reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine. The anti-inflammatory effects regulated by 18α-GA were mainly related to the repression of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling. Furthermore, the protective effects of 18α-GA against ROS production, lipid accumulation and inflammation were verified in renal tissues from FRU-challenged mice, consequently improving metabolic disorder and kidney injury. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that 18α-GA exerted renal protective effects through reducing oxidative stress, lipid deposition and inflammatory response, and thus could be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic stress-induced kidney injury.
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337
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Thaisetthawatkul P, Lyden E, Americo Fernandes J, Herrmann DN. Prediabetes, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and small fiber neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2020; 61:475-479. [PMID: 32012301 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to evaluate the association between prediabetes (PD), elements of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), and small fiber neuropathy (SFN). METHODS A total of 268 patients with SFN symptoms and normal electrophysiology underwent tests to assess small fibers. SFN was diagnosed based on abnormality of at least two among intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IEFND), quantitative sensory testing, and quantitative sudomotor axon reflex testing. RESULTS There was no difference in IENFD or abnormal skin biopsy frequency between PD and normoglycemia (NG). However, IENFD was lower in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) than in those with NG. An association between HbA1C and IENFD was observed only if DM patients were included. Attributes of the MetS were more common in those with an abnormal skin biopsy but not among those with autonomic dysfunction or meeting SFN criteria. DISCUSSION DM, but not PD alone, is associated with SFN. Other MetS elements appear to preferentially impact small fiber structure over function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Lyden
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - J Americo Fernandes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - David N Herrmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York
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338
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Thomas MC, Kamarck TW, Wright AGC, Matthews KA, Muldoon MF, Manuck SB. Hostility Dimensions and Metabolic Syndrome in a Healthy, Midlife Sample. Int J Behav Med 2020; 27:475-480. [PMID: 32030598 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence links trait hostility with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, but which hostility dimensions (e.g., expressive or cognitive hostility) relate to MetS are not well known. Further, there may be age and sex differences in the extent to which hostility dimensions relate to MetS. The present study evaluated associations between dimensions of hostility and the metabolic syndrome and its individual components as well as the moderating effects of sex and age. METHODS In a cross-sectional sample of 478 employed adults, a principal component analysis from common trait hostility questionnaires yielded a two-factor solution: expressive hostility (anger and aggression) and cognitive hostility (cynicism). Each of these two components of hostility was examined as predictors of each of two aggregated MetS outcomes: a dichotomous measure of MetS, based upon the NCEP-ATP III definition, and a continuous measure based upon the average of standardized scores for each component; and they were examined as predictors of individual MetS components as well. RESULTS Expressive hostility was associated with MetS severity (b = 0.110, p = 0.04) and waist circumference (b = 2.75, p = 0.01). Moderation analyses revealed that elevated expressive hostility was associated with elevated waist circumference in women but not men. Cognitive hostility was not related to any metabolic syndrome component or aggregated outcome, and no moderation was observed. CONCLUSIONS Among multiple individual components and two aggregated scores, only trait dispositions to expressed hostile affect and behavior were associated with MetS severity and waist circumference. The effects were small but statistically significant. The association between cognitive hostility and metabolic syndrome measures may not be robust in a large sample of healthy, midlife adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Thomas
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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339
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Porres JM, Constantino J, Kapravelou G, Lopez-Chaves C, Galisteo M, Aranda P, López-Jurado M, Martínez R. The combined treatment with lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol is an efficient lifestyle intervention to manage cardiovascular and renal alterations in obese Zucker rats. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3473-3490. [PMID: 32030473 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional and structural changes in cardiovascular and renal systems resulting from obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a severe risk to human health. Lifestyle interventions such as combining healthy diet with adequate physical exercise protocols are good strategies to manage these pathologies. In this research, the effects of lentil protein hydrolysate administration, combined or not with a mixed training protocol, on insulin resistance, cardiovascular and renal functionality were studied in the obese Zucker rat experimental model. METHODS Thirty-two rats (16 lean and 16 obese subdivided in sedentary and trained animals) were administered lentil protein hydrolysate, whereas another 32 subdivided in the same experimental design were administered placebo. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, insulin resistance and different parameters of cardiovascular and renal functionality were measured. RESULTS The individual or combined interventions with lentil protein hydrolysate and mixed training protocol were efficient at counteracting some of the metabolic, cardiovascular and renal alterations characterizing the obese Zucker rat. Specifically, lentil protein hydrolysate decreased hyperphagia, amplitude of QRS complex, plasma ACE and selectin E expression in aorta, while increasing urinary volume and pH. Exercise showed beneficial actions on HOMA-IR, QRS amplitude, QTc interval, urinary volume, kidney weight and Mn-SOD activity. Interestingly, most of the mentioned benefits of exercise were more consistent when protein hydrolysate was also administered. CONCLUSION The interesting synergies between the two interventions assessed qualify them as alternative therapeutic strategies to treat cardiovascular and kidney diseases associated to the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Janin Constantino
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Lopez-Chaves
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Milagros Galisteo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Biohealth Research Institute, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Health and Sport Research Centre (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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340
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Menikdiwela KR, Ramalingam L, Rasha F, Wang S, Dufour JM, Kalupahana NS, Sunahara KKS, Martins JO, Moustaid-Moussa N. Autophagy in metabolic syndrome: breaking the wheel by targeting the renin-angiotensin system. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:87. [PMID: 32015340 PMCID: PMC6997396 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex, emerging epidemic which disrupts the metabolic homeostasis of several organs, including liver, heart, pancreas, and adipose tissue. While studies have been conducted in these research areas, the pathogenesis and mechanisms of MetS remain debatable. Lines of evidence show that physiological systems, such as the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and autophagy play vital regulatory roles in MetS. RAS is a pivotal system known for controlling blood pressure and fluid balance, whereas autophagy is involved in the degradation and recycling of cellular components, including proteins. Although RAS is activated in MetS, the interrelationship between RAS and autophagy varies in glucose homeostatic organs and their cross talk is poorly understood. Interestingly, autophagy is attenuated in the liver during MetS, whereas autophagic activity is induced in adipose tissue during MetS, indicating tissue-specific discordant roles. We discuss in vivo and in vitro studies conducted in metabolic tissues and dissect their tissue-specific effects. Moreover, our review will focus on the molecular mechanisms by which autophagy orchestrates MetS and the ways future treatments could target RAS in order to achieve metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalhara R Menikdiwela
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Latha Ramalingam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Fahmida Rasha
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jannette M Dufour
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nishan S Kalupahana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Karen K S Sunahara
- Department of Experimental Physiopatholgy, Medical School University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joilson O Martins
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of University Sao Paulo (FCF/USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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341
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Hardy DS, Garvin JT, Mersha TB, Racette SB. Ancestry specific associations of FTO gene variant and metabolic syndrome: A longitudinal ARIC study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18820. [PMID: 32028392 PMCID: PMC7015559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-sectional studies indicate that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 gene variant is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) primarily in European ancestry. However, the association is not fully elucidated in African Americans.We hypothesized that rs9939609 (AT = moderate-risk carriers or AA = high-risk carriers compared to TT = low-risk carriers) is associated with MetS and its component risk factors over time; and that its association is ancestry-specific. A secondary hypothesis was that higher levels of physical activity can decrease the deleterious effect of rs9939609 at higher body mass index (BMI).Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study repeated measures data from 4 visits (1987-1998) were obtained from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes for 10,358 participants (8170 Whites and 2188 African Americans) aged 45 to 64 years at baseline. Guidelines for elevated blood pressure by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Task Force were updated within the MetS criteria. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals from generalized estimating equations assessed population-average risks.MetS was present among 3479 (42.6%) Whites and 1098 (50.2%) African Americans at baseline, and 50.3% Whites and 57% African Americans over 11-years of follow-up. Among MetS component risk factors, high waist circumference was most prevalent among White AT (RR = 1.07; 1.06-1.09) and AA (RR = 1.12; 1.10-1.14) higher-risk carriers. High triglycerides were elevated among African American AA high-risk carriers (RR = 1.11; 1.02-1.21) compared to TT low-risk carriers. Over time, White AT-and AA higher-risk carriers had 1.07 and 1.08-fold increase (P < .0001) in MetS risk. Physical activity had independent protective effects on MetS among both races (P < .05). White AA high-risk carriers with normal BMI and low vs high physical activity had higher MetS risk (RR = 1.69; 1.25-2.30 and RR = 0.68;0.53-0.87, respectively). In rs9939609 × BMI× physical activity interaction, White A-allele high-risk carriers had lower MetS risk (RR = 0.68; 0.53-0.87). Among Whites, physical activity can lessen the effect of rs9939609 and high BMI on risk for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale S. Hardy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta Georgia
| | - Jane T. Garvin
- School of Nursing, University of Saint Augustine for Health Sciences, Saint Augustine, Florida
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Susan B. Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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342
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Razavi R, Parvaresh A, Abbasi B, Yaghoobloo K, Hassanzadeh A, Mohammadifard N, Clark CCT, Morteza Safavi S. The alternate-day fasting diet is a more effective approach than a calorie restriction diet on weight loss and hs-CRP levels. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 91:242-250. [PMID: 32003649 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: The aim of present study was to compare, and determine, the effects of a modified alternate-day fasting diet vs. calorie restriction on inflammatory indices and coagulation factors. Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial consisting of 80 metabolic syndrome patients, who were enrolled and randomly dichotomized into a modified alternate-day fasting diet or calorie restriction group for 4 months. We measured weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-hip-ratio (WHR) and fat mass as primary outcomes and assessed high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and coagulation factors levels as secondary outcomes before and after intervention. Results: Compared to the calorie restriction diet, following a modified alternate-day fasting diet led to a greater reduction in body weight (kg) (-6.43 ± 4.34 vs -4.11 ± 4.27; P = 0.02), BMI (kg/m2) (-3.19 ± 2.90 vs -1.43 ± 2.72; P = 0.01), fat mass (kg) (-4.88 ± 2.09 vs -3.72 ± 2.43; P = 0.03), WC (cm) (-5.57 ± 5.64 vs -2.32 ± 5.95; P = 0.01) and WHR (-0.05 ± 0.06 vs -0.02 ± 0.07; P = 0.04). Furthermore, a greater change was found in hs-CRP levels (mg/L) (-2.06 ± 1.18 vs -0.97 ± 0.82; P = 0.03), prothrombin time (s) (1.41 ± 2.34 vs -0.41 ± 2.17; P < 0.001), activated partial thromboplastin time (s) (0.26 ± 3.70 vs -1.78 ± 3.56; P = 0.04) in modified alternate-day fasting diet when compared to calorie restriction diet. However, there was no difference in TNF-α or IL-6 and fibrinogen between groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that a modified alternate-day fasting diet can be a beneficial alternative for the management of body weight, fat mass and WC as well as hs-CRP and coagulation factors levels among metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghaye Razavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arefe Parvaresh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behnood Abbasi
- Assistant Professor of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Yaghoobloo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akbar Hassanzadeh
- Department of epidemiology and biostatistics, School of health, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Sayyed Morteza Safavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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343
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Xu C, Liu J, Gao J, Wu X, Cui C, Wei H, Zheng R, Peng J. Combined Soluble Fiber-Mediated Intestinal Microbiota Improve Insulin Sensitivity of Obese Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020351. [PMID: 32013093 PMCID: PMC7071167 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber, an important regulator of intestinal microbiota, is a promising tool for preventing obesity and related metabolic disorders. However, the functional links between dietary fiber, intestinal microbiota, and obesity phenotype are still not fully understood. Combined soluble fiber (CSF) is a synthetic mixture of polysaccharides and displays high viscosity, water-binding capacity, swelling capacity, and fermentability. We found that supplementing high-fat diet (HFD) with 6% CSF significantly improved the insulin sensitivity of obese mice without affecting their body weight. Replacing the HFD with normal chow basal diet (NCD), the presence of CSF in the feed significantly enhanced satiety, decreased energy intake, promoted weight and fat loss, and augmented insulin sensitivity. CSF also improved the intestinal morphological integrity, attenuated systemic inflammation, promoted intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and stabilized the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that was perturbed during HFD-induced obesity, and these stabilizing effects were more prominent when the basal diet was switched to NCD. The enrichment of bacteria of the S24-7 family and Allobaculum genus increased markedly in the intestine following 6% CSF supplementation- and correlated with decreased adiposity and insulin resistance. Five bacterial genera that were decreased by CSF, including Oscillospira, unclassified Lachonospitaceae, unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Desulfovibrionaceae, and unclassified Ruminococcae, were subjected to co-occurrence network analysis and were positively correlated to adiposity and insulin resistance, indicating a key role in the microbial response to CSF. Thus, CSF has a potential to promote insulin sensitivity and even reduce obesity via beneficial regulation of the gut microecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhui Xu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Chenbin Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
| | - Rong Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-134-1952-7039
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.X.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (H.W.); (J.P.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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344
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Landa-Galvan HV, Rios-Castro E, Romero-Garcia T, Rueda A, Olivares-Reyes JA. Metabolic syndrome diminishes insulin-induced Akt activation and causes a redistribution of Akt-interacting proteins in cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228115. [PMID: 31995605 PMCID: PMC6988918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, with insulin resistance as a critical component for its development. Insulin signaling in the heart leads to Akt (also known as PKB) activation, a serine/threonine protein kinase, which regulates cardiac glucose metabolism and growth. Cardiac metabolic inflexibility, characterized by impaired insulin-induced glucose uptake and oxidation, has been reported as an early and consistent change in the heart of different models of MetS and diabetes; however, the evaluation of Akt activation has yielded variable results. Here we report in cardiomyocytes of MetS rats, diminished insulin-induced glucose uptake and Akt activation, evaluated by its impaired mobilization towards the plasma membrane and phosphorylation, and reflected in a re-distribution of its interacting proteins, assessed by label-free mass spectrometry (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013260). We report 45 proteins with diminished abundance in Akt complex of MetS cardiomyocytes, mainly represented by energy metabolism-related proteins, and also, 31 Akt-interacting proteins with increased abundance, which were mainly related to contraction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and Akt negative regulation. These results emphasize the relevance of Akt in the regulation of energy metabolism in the heart and highlight Akt-interacting proteins that could be involved in the detrimental effects of MetS in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanuel Rios-Castro
- Unidad de Genomica, Proteomica y Metabolomica (UGPM), LaNSE-Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Angelica Rueda
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
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345
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Kwon SY, Massey K, Watson MA, Hussain T, Volpe G, Buckley CD, Nicolaou A, Badenhorst P. Oxidised metabolites of the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid activate dFOXO. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/2/e201900356. [PMID: 31992650 PMCID: PMC6988086 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced inflammation, or meta-inflammation, plays key roles in metabolic syndrome and is a significant risk factor in diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To investigate causal links between obesity, meta-inflammation, and insulin signaling we established a Drosophila model to determine how elevated dietary fat and changes in the levels and balance of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence inflammation. We observe negligible effect of saturated fatty acid on inflammation but marked enhancement or suppression by omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs, respectively. Using combined lipidomic and genetic analysis, we show omega-6 PUFA enhances meta-inflammation by producing linoleic acid-derived lipid mediator 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9-HODE). Transcriptome analysis reveals 9-HODE functions by regulating FOXO family transcription factors. We show 9-HODE activates JNK, triggering FOXO nuclear localisation and chromatin binding. FOXO TFs are important transducers of the insulin signaling pathway that are normally down-regulated by insulin. By activating FOXO, 9-HODE could antagonise insulin signaling providing a molecular conduit linking changes in dietary fatty acid balance, meta-inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kwon
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Karen Massey
- Bradford School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Mark A Watson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Tayab Hussain
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Giacomo Volpe
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, UK.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Bradford School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Badenhorst
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
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346
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Hong SH, Choi KM. Sarcopenic Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Their Implications in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020494. [PMID: 31941015 PMCID: PMC7013734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity is increasing worldwide, particularly amongst aging populations. Insulin resistance is the core mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and is also associated with variable cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fat accumulation in muscle tissue promotes a proinflammatory cascade and oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired insulin signaling, and muscle atrophy. To compound the problem, decreased muscle mass aggravates insulin resistance. In addition, the crosstalk between myokines and adipokines leads to negative feedback, which in turn aggravates sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms linking sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance with various biological pathways. We also discuss the impact and mechanism of sarcopenic obesity and insulin resistance on cardiometabolic disease.
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347
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Alkhaldy AA, Rizq NK, Del Jaylan SA, Alkendi EA, Alghamdi WM, Alfaraidi SM. Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Relation to Insulin Resistance in Young Overweight Saudi Females: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 24:373-380. [PMID: 31915631 PMCID: PMC6941727 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the development of several chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is an increasing health concern in Saudi Arabia. Diet and physical activity have been postulated to affect insulin resistance; however, their effects on development of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate whether diet and physical inactivity increases the risk of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females. In a cross-sectional study, 42 overweight female Saudi students, aged between 20 and 30 years, were recruited from King Abdul-Aziz University. A questionnaire was used to collect demographics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, and food frequency data. Blood biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin) were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment 2 (HOMA2)-insulin resistance (IR) scores. A significant difference in median body mass index (BMI) was observed between the HOMA2-IR normal and HOMA2-IR raised index groups (P=0.04). In terms of dietary habits, the insulin resistant group had a higher intake of canned beverages compared with the normal group (P=0.03). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or body fat percentage. The lipid profile also did not significantly differ between the two groups. This study demonstrates significant differences in HOMA2-IR-defined insulin resistance according to subjects’ BMI and canned beverage intake. A larger study is needed to confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Ali Alkhaldy
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Kamal Rizq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A Del Jaylan
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Ali Alkendi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wijdan Mohammed Alghamdi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Mohammed Alfaraidi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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348
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Lee K, Ko DH, Lee JY. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome According to Causes of Physical Activity Limitation. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2455-2463. [PMID: 32765024 PMCID: PMC7360403 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s257063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE One cause of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inactivity. This study analyzed the prevalence of MetS due to causes of activity limitation (AL) in adults over 40 years old. PATICIPANTS AND METHODS Participants included 2885 people aged 40-79 (1198 men and 1687 women) who completed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) conducted between 2013 and 2017. They were divided into two groups based on age: the middle age group (MA) included 1148 total participants, 515 men and 633 women from 40-59 years old; the older age group (OA) included 1737 total participants, 683 men and 1054 women from 60-79 years old. MetS was diagnosed according to the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program and the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP-ATP III). Logistic regression was conducted to calculate the odds ratio for MetS prevalence. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS in people with AL increased 1.432-fold in the MA men group, 1.511-fold in the OA men group, 1.546-fold in the MA women group, and 1.565-fold in the OA women group. There were several causes of AL; people with physical activity for diabetes mellitus and hypertension increased MetS prevalence in both sexes and all age groups: MA men group (OR=3.216, 95% CI=1.852-7.354, P=0.034), MA women group (OR=2.159, 95% CI=1.854-5.346, P=0.032), OA men group (OR=3.200, 95% CI=1.235-7.841, P=0.009), and OA women group (OR=3.444, 95% CI=1.310-6.627, P=0.008). Also, mental problems in the MA men group (OR=2.284, 95% CI=1.591-4.986, P=0.012) and OA men group (OR=1.149, 95% CI=1.017-2.941, P=0.012), and musculoskeletal problems in the MA women group (OR=1.784, 95% CI=1.102-2.902, P=0.021) and OA women group (OR=1.459, 95% CI=1.054-1.993, P=0.004) increased the prevalence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MetS due to activity limitation was increased in MA and OA groups. Activity limitation increased the MetS prevalence from 1.4- to 1.5-times, Therefore, to prevent metabolic syndrome, physical activity should be increased, and guidelines should be presented according to the activity limitation causes, age, and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyujin Lee
- Institution of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk Han Ko
- Department of Sports Science Convergence, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Duk Han Ko Tel +82 10-2763-0101Fax +82-2-2260-3741 Email
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- Ji Young Lee Tel +82 33-640-2556Fax +82-33-641-3659 Email
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349
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Niknam R, Moradi J, Jahanshahi KA, Mahmoudi L, Ejtehadi F. Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with Severity of Acute Pancreatitis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1289-1296. [PMID: 32425564 PMCID: PMC7187863 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s249128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are common clinical problems with serious complications and high cost of treatment. The relationship between MetS and severity of AP is unknown, and because there are very few published articles, further studies had been recommended. Therefore, we designed this study to estimate the association between MetS and its components with AP severity. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this prospective analytical cross-sectional study, all AP patients who referred to two referral hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2016 and 2019 were evaluated. The diagnosis of MetS syndrome as well as follow-up of patients for evaluation of severity and outcome of AP was performed in all enrolled patients. National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP-III) was used for diagnosis of MetS. Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) and revised Atlanta classification (RAC) were used to estimate the severity of AP. Finally, the association between MetS syndrome and its components at different AP severities was compared. RESULTS Of the 214 patients referred to our center, a total of 76 patients with AP were included in this study. Of the included patients, 40 (52.6%) were male and 36 (47.4%) were female. Frequency of patients in Mets and non-MetS groups was 34 (44.74%) and 42 (55.26%), respectively. The gender and mean age difference between Mets and non-MetS groups were not statistically significant. According to Mets groups, 25 (73.5%) and 9 (26.5%) AP patients with MetS had BISAP score of 0-2 and 3-5, respectively. BISAP score in MetS group was significantly higher than non-MetS group (P = 0.022). Overall, 20 (58.8%), 11 (32.4%), and 3 (8.8%) of AP patients with MetS had mild, moderately severe, and severe AP based on RAC, respectively. Severe RAC was significantly higher in the MetS group than in the non-MetS group (P = 0.029). The frequency of complications in MetS group was significantly higher than in non-MetS group (P= 0.008). The length of hospital stay was also significantly higher in the MetS group than in the non-MetS group (P = 0.001). Overall, three patients died, two of whom had MetS and all had severe RAC and BISAP 3-5. Waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the severe and moderately severe types of AP group than in the mild AP group, according to RAC. Although, mean of all components of MetS except HDL-cholesterol were higher in BISAP of 3-5 group than BISAP of 0-2 group, the difference was only significant in waist circumference. CONCLUSION The present study showed that there was a significant association between the rate of MetS and its components including waist circumference, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia with increasing AP severity. This study showed that the incidence of more severe AP in patients with MetS is much higher than in patients without MetS. We recommend that the new studies with larger sample sizes are conducted with careful consideration of confounding factors to investigate the relationship between the severity of MetS and AP as well as the effect of MetS treatment on the nature of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Niknam
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamshid Moradi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Laleh Mahmoudi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Correspondence: Fardad Ejtehadi Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranTel +98 917 113 4391Fax +98 713 628 1442 Email
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John OD, Mouatt P, Majzoub ME, Thomas T, Panchal SK, Brown L. Physiological and Metabolic Effects of Yellow Mangosteen ( Garcinia dulcis) Rind in Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E272. [PMID: 31906096 PMCID: PMC6981489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This study has investigated the responses to rind of yellow mangosteen (Garcinia dulcis), usually discarded as waste, in a rat model of human metabolic syndrome. The rind contains higher concentrations of phytochemicals (such as garcinol, morelloflavone and citric acid) than the pulp. Male Wistar rats aged 8-9 weeks were fed either corn starch diet or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet for 16 weeks, which were supplemented with 5% freeze-dried G. dulcis fruit rind powder during the last 8 weeks. We characterised metabolic, cardiovascular, liver and gut microbiota parameters. High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats developed abdominal obesity, hypertension, increased left ventricular diastolic stiffness, decreased glucose tolerance, fatty liver and reduced Bacteroidia with increased Clostridia in the colonic microbiota. G. dulcis fruit rind powder attenuated these changes, improved cardiovascular and liver structure and function, and attenuated changes in colonic microbiota. G. dulcis fruit rind powder may be effective in metabolic syndrome by appetite suppression, inhibition of inflammatory processes and increased fat metabolism, possibly related to changes in the colonic microbiota. Hence, we propose the use of G. dulcis fruit rind as a functional food to ameliorate symptoms of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D. John
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia;
| | - Marwan E. Majzoub
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (M.E.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Sunil K. Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; (O.D.J.); (S.K.P.)
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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