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Nicotine self-administration with menthol and audiovisual cue facilitates differential packaging of CYP2A6 and cytokines/chemokines in rat plasma extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17393. [PMID: 34462474 PMCID: PMC8405708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether intravenously self-administered nicotine with menthol and audiovisual cue modulates nicotine-metabolizing CYP2A6, oxidative stress modulators, and cytokines/chemokines in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in rats. We assigned rats to self-administered nicotine with: (a) audiovisual cue (AV), (b) menthol, and (c) menthol and AV cue. We found increased levels of CD9 in plasma EVs after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue. Moreover, expression of CYP2A6 in plasma EVs was significantly increased after self-administered nicotine in response to menthol and AV cue. However, despite an upward trend on SOD1 and catalase, increase was not found to be statistically significant, while total antioxidant capacity was found to be significantly increased in plasma and plasma EVs obtained after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue. Among cytokine and chemokine profiling, we found a significant increase in the levels of MCP-1 after self-administered nicotine with menthol and AV cue and complete packaging of IL-1β in EVs. Taken together, the study provides evidence that nicotine in response to menthol and AV cues can package altered levels of CYP2A6, and cytokines/chemokines in plasma EVs that may contribute to cell–cell communication, nicotine metabolism, and inflammation upon cigarette smoking.
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352
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Cervetto C, Averna M, Vergani L, Pedrazzi M, Amato S, Pelassa S, Giuliani S, Baldini F, Maura G, Mariottini P, Marcoli M, Cervelli M. Reactive Astrocytosis in a Mouse Model of Chronic Polyamine Catabolism Activation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1274. [PMID: 34572487 PMCID: PMC8467798 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the brain, polyamines are mainly synthesized in neurons, but preferentially accumulated in astrocytes, and are proposed to be involved in neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory disorders and neuron injury. A transgenic mouse overexpressing spermine oxidase (SMOX, which specifically oxidizes spermine) in the neocortex neurons (Dach-SMOX mouse) was proved to be a model of increased susceptibility to excitotoxic injury. METHODS To investigate possible alterations in synapse functioning in Dach-SMOX mouse, both cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) and astrocytic processes (gliosomes) were analysed by assessing polyamine levels, ezrin and vimentin content, glutamate AMPA receptor activation, calcium influx, and catalase activity. RESULTS The main findings are as follows: (i) the presence of functional calcium-permeable AMPA receptors in synaptosomes from both control and Dach-SMOX mice, and in gliosomes from Dach-SMOX mice only; (ii) reduced content of spermine in gliosomes from Dach-SMOX mice; and (iii) down-regulation and up-regulation of catalase activity in synaptosomes and gliosomes, respectively, from Dach-SMOX mice. CONCLUSIONS Chronic activation of SMOX in neurons leads to major changes in the astrocyte processes including reduced spermine levels, increased calcium influx through calcium-permeable AMPA receptors, and stimulation of catalase activity. Astrocytosis and the astrocyte process alterations, depending on chronic activation of polyamine catabolism, result in synapse dysregulation and neuronal suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (C.C.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Monica Averna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Vergani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (L.V.); (F.B.)
| | - Marco Pedrazzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Sarah Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (C.C.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Simone Pelassa
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (C.C.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Stefano Giuliani
- Department of Science, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesca Baldini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (L.V.); (F.B.)
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (C.C.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (P.M.)
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (C.C.); (S.A.); (S.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (P.M.)
- Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy
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353
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Zhou L, Zhang C, Qiang Y, Huang M, Ren X, Li Y, Shao J, Xu L. Anthocyanin from purple sweet potato attenuates lead-induced reproductive toxicity mediated by JNK signaling pathway in male mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112683. [PMID: 34438266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to explore the protective effect of APSP on Pb-induced reproductive toxicity and possible mechanism. APSP (100 mg/kg) was administered to Pb-intoxicated (0.2% lead acetate) male Kunming mice once daily by oral gavage for 6 weeks. Our results showed that APSP exerted male reproductive protection effects as showed by attenuated Pb-induced testicular injury, improved sperm count and motility, and reduced sperm abnormality rate. APSP also restored Pb-induced decrease in both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and GSH/GSSG ratio, but inhibited lipid peroxidation in serum and testes. Moreover, APSP downregulated Pb-induced Bax mRNA and protein expressions, suppressed activation of caspase-3, upregulated Bcl-2 protein expression, and prevented Pb-induced DNA damage. APSP treatment also interfered with Pb-induced testicular JNK signaling through inhibition of JNK mRNA expression and phosphorylation, resulting in inhibition of c-Jun expression. These effects of APSP were abolished by Pb. In conclusion, APSP represents a potential therapeutic agent for preventing Pb-caused reproductive toxicity, which is attributed to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, as well as, modulation of JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Chaoqin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Qiang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiangmei Ren
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanhong Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jihong Shao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lichun Xu
- Department of Hygiene, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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354
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Kayode OT, Rotimi D, Okoh E, Iyobhebhe M, Kayode AAA, Ojo OA. Novel ketogenic diet formulation improves sucrose-induced insulin resistance in canton strain Drosophila melanogaster. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13907. [PMID: 34409649 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the antidiabetic effect of a ketogenic diet (KD) on sucrose-induced insulin resistance in the fruit fly model. The fruit flies were divided and grouped into four: Group A, B, C, and D, representing the control, high-sucrose diet (HSD), KD, and HSD + KD, respectively. The administration of the various treatments to the groups proceeded for 7 days. The flies were thereafter immobilized, homogenized, and the homogenates used for biochemical parameters determination. This includes glucose concentration, antioxidant status, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and protein concentration. There was a significant increase (p < .05) in weight gain, glucose concentration, TG, HMG-CoA reductase activity, TC, and lipid peroxidation status of the HSD group compared with the control and KD groups. The antioxidant enzymes measured (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione) and protein concentrations were repressed significantly (p < .05) in the HD groups but significantly elevated (p < .05) in the KD, HSD + KD, and the control groups. The KD improved biochemical parameters altered during the onset of sucrose-induced insulin resistance. With further research on this, KD may emerge as the much-awaited treatment option for diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) with almost reduced toxicity concerns. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Novel KD are sources of dietary phytocompounds with proven antioxidant activities. The antidiabetic activity of the KD was investigated. The results showed that the KD proves to serve as a better effective antidiabetic option in Drosophila melanogaster. The observed results could provide the potential application of the KD as an alternative therapy for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omowumi T Kayode
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayercity, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Damilare Rotimi
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Okoh
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Iyobhebhe
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - Abolanle A A Kayode
- Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
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355
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Piatoikina AS, Lyakhova AA, Semennov IV, Zhilyaeva TV, Kostina OV, Zhukova ES, Shcherbatyuk TG, Kasyanov ED, Blagonravova AS, Mazo GE. Association of antioxidant deficiency and the level of products of protein and lipid peroxidation in patients with the first episode of schizophrenia. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:217-225. [PMID: 34410570 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is considered a multifactorial disease, where one of the pathogenetic links is oxidative stress; however, the results of studies are often contradictory, largely due to significant heterogeneity among study methods. The present study was undertaken to compare the levels of oxidative stress markers in the peripheral blood of patients with a first episode of schizophrenia (FES) and in healthy volunteers (HV). The study included 50 patients with FES and 37 HV. Blood samples were collected for spectrophotometric assessment of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), aldehyde-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (ADNPH), and ketone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (KDNPH) in blood plasma. Results showed that in patients with FES compared with HV, a significant decrease in CAT activity and an increase in oxidative modification of proteins (OMP) were found. In both groups, a significant increase in the level of MDA with age was revealed. In patients, the GSH plasma level was inversely proportional to the ADNPH level, and SOD activity was directly proportional to the KDNPH level. In volunteers there was no such correlation; however, there was a direct correlation between CAT activity and the levels of OMP and MDA. In both groups, a moderate direct correlation between peroxidation products was observed. The results confirm that a redox imbalance (a deficiency of antioxidants, in particular CAT, and excess OMP) may be a pathogenetic link in schizophrenia, which is manifested already at an early stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sergeevna Piatoikina
- State Budgetary Institution of Public Health of Nizhny Novgorod Region Nizhny Novgorod Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Anastasia Alexandrovna Lyakhova
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ilya Vladimirovich Semennov
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Tatyana Vladimirovna Zhilyaeva
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Olga Vladimirovna Kostina
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sergeevna Zhukova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute for Hygiene and Occupational Pathology of Rospotrebnadzor, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Tatyana Grigorievna Shcherbatyuk
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute for Hygiene and Occupational Pathology of Rospotrebnadzor, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,State Educational Institution of Higher Education of Moscow Region Moscow Region State University, 24, ul. Veri Voloshinoy, Mytishchi, Russia
| | - Evgeny Dmitrievich Kasyanov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution V.M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Sergeevna Blagonravova
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution of Higher Education Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Galina Elevna Mazo
- Federal State Budgetary Institution V.M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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356
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Chikhale R, Sinha SK, Wanjari M, Gurav NS, Ayyanar M, Prasad S, Khanal P, Dey YN, Patil RB, Gurav SS. Computational assessment of saikosaponins as adjuvant treatment for COVID-19: molecular docking, dynamics, and network pharmacology analysis. Mol Divers 2021; 25:1889-1904. [PMID: 33492566 PMCID: PMC7829483 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Saikosaponins are major biologically active triterpenoids, usually as glucosides, isolated from Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) such as Bupleurum spp., Heteromorpha spp., and Scrophularia scorodonia with their antiviral and immunomodulatory potential. This investigation presents molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and free energy calculation studies of saikosaponins as adjuvant therapy in the treatment for COVID19. Molecular docking studies for 23 saikosaponins on the crystal structures of the extracellular domains of human lnterleukin-6 receptor (IL6), human Janus Kinase-3 (JAK3), and dehydrogenase domain of Cylindrospermum stagnale NADPH-oxidase 5 (NOX5) were performed, and selected protein-ligand complexes were subjected to 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular dynamics trajectories were subjected to free energy calculation by the MM-GBSA method. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that IL6 in complex with Saikosaponin_U and Saikosaponin_V, JAK3 in complex with Saikosaponin_B4 and Saikosaponin_I, and NOX5 in complex with Saikosaponin_BK1 and Saikosaponin_C have good docking and molecular dynamics profiles. However, the Janus Kinase-3 is the best interacting partner for the saikosaponin compounds. The network pharmacology analysis suggests saikosaponins interact with the proteins CAT Gene CAT (Catalase) and Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1); both of these enzymes play a major role in cell homeostasis and DNA damage during infection, suggesting a possible improvement in immune response toward COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Chikhale
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Saurabh K Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohanlal Shukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Manish Wanjari
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474009, India
| | - Nilambari S Gurav
- PES's Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Ponda, Goa, 403401, India
| | - Muniappan Ayyanar
- Department of Botany, A. Veeriya Vandayar Memorial Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Affiliated To Bharathidasan University, Poondi, Thanjavur, 613 503, India
| | - Satyendra Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R.T.M. University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi, 590010, India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India
| | - Rajesh B Patil
- Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shailendra S Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Panaji, Goa, 403 001, India.
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357
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Goswami D, Domingo‐Lopez DA, Ward NA, Millman JR, Duffy GP, Dolan EB, Roche ET. Design Considerations for Macroencapsulation Devices for Stem Cell Derived Islets for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100820. [PMID: 34155834 PMCID: PMC8373111 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell derived insulin producing cells or islets have shown promise in reversing Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), yet successful transplantation currently necessitates long-term modulation with immunosuppressant drugs. An alternative approach to avoiding this immune response is to utilize an islet macroencapsulation device, where islets are incorporated into a selectively permeable membrane that can protect the transplanted cells from acute host response, whilst enabling delivery of insulin. These macroencapsulation systems have to meet a number of stringent and challenging design criteria in order to achieve the ultimate goal of reversing T1D. In this progress report, the design considerations and functional requirements of macroencapsulation systems are reviewed, specifically for stem-cell derived islets (SC-islets), highlighting distinct design parameters. Additionally, a perspective on the future for macroencapsulation systems is given, and how incorporating continuous sensing and closed-loop feedback can be transformative in advancing toward an autonomous biohybrid artificial pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debkalpa Goswami
- Institute for Medical Engineering and ScienceMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Daniel A. Domingo‐Lopez
- Department of AnatomyCollege of Medicine, Nursing, and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland
| | - Niamh A. Ward
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringCollege of Science and EngineeringNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland
| | - Jeffrey R. Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid ResearchWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO63110USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMO63110USA
| | - Garry P. Duffy
- Department of AnatomyCollege of Medicine, Nursing, and Health SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland
- Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland
- CÚRAM, Centre for Research in Medical DevicesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland
| | - Eimear B. Dolan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringCollege of Science and EngineeringNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland
| | - Ellen T. Roche
- Institute for Medical Engineering and ScienceMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
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358
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Logozzi M, Di Raimo R, Mizzoni D, Fais S. Nanovesicles from Organic Agriculture-Derived Fruits and Vegetables: Characterization and Functional Antioxidant Content. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158170. [PMID: 34360936 PMCID: PMC8347793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables is related to a risk reduction in a series of leading human diseases, probably due to the plants' antioxidant content. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have been recently receiving great attention regarding their natural ability to deliver several active biomolecules and antioxidants. To investigate the presence of active antioxidants in fruits, we preliminarily analyzed the differences between nanovesicles from either organic or conventional agriculture-derived fruits, at equal volumes, showing a higher yield of nanovesicles with a smaller size from organic agriculture-derived fruits as compared to conventional ones. PDNVs from organic agriculture also showed a higher antioxidant level compared to nanovesicles from conventional agriculture. Using the PDNVs from fruit mixes, we found comparable levels of Total Antioxidant Capacity, Ascorbic Acid, Catalase, Glutathione and Superoxide Dismutase 1. Finally, we exposed the nanovesicle mixes to either chemical or physical lytic treatments, with no evidence of effects on the number, size and antioxidant capacity of the treated nanovesicles, thus showing a marked resistance of PDNVs to external stimuli and a high capability to preserve their content. Our study provides for the first time a series of data supporting the use of plant-derived nanovesicles in human beings' daily supplementation, for both prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariantonia Logozzi
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L.); +39-064-9903-195 (S.F.); Fax: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L. & S.F.)
| | | | | | - Stefano Fais
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.F.); Tel.: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L.); +39-064-9903-195 (S.F.); Fax: +39-064-9902-436 (M.L. & S.F.)
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359
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Krumova E, Abrashev R, Dishliyska V, Stoyancheva G, Kostadinova N, Miteva-Staleva J, Spasova B, Angelova M. Cold-active catalase from the psychrotolerant fungus Penicillium griseofulvum. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:782-794. [PMID: 34309887 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cold-active catalase (CAT) elicits great interest because of its vast prospective at the medical, commercial, and biotechnological levels. The study paper reports the production of cold-active CAT by the strain Penicillium griseofulvum P29 isolated from Antarctic soil. Improved enzyme production was achieved by optimization of medium and culture conditions. Maximum CAT was demonstrated under low glucose content (2%), 10% inoculum size, temperature 20°C, and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) 40%. An effective laboratory technology based on changing the oxidative stress level through an increase of DO in the bioreactor was developed. The used strategy resulted in a 1.7- and 1.4-fold enhanced total enzyme activity and maximum enzyme productivity. The enzyme was purified and characterized. P. griseofulvum P29 CAT was most active at approximately 20°C and pH 6.0. Its thermostability was in the range between 5°C and 40°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Krumova
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslav Abrashev
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vladislava Dishliyska
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galina Stoyancheva
- Department of General Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nedelina Kostadinova
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jeny Miteva-Staleva
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Boryana Spasova
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Angelova
- Department of Mycology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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360
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Banstola A, Poudel K, Kim JO, Jeong JH, Yook S. Recent progress in stimuli-responsive nanosystems for inducing immunogenic cell death. J Control Release 2021; 337:505-520. [PMID: 34314800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments are major hurdles in the application of cancer immunotherapy. To date, several immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers have been reported to boost cancer immunotherapy by triggering ICD. ICD is characterized by the release of proinflammatory cytokines, danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor associated antigens which will generate anticancer immunity by triggering adaptive immune cells. However, application of ICD inducers is limited due to severe toxicity issues and inefficient localization in the tumor microenvironment. To circumvent these challenges, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles have been exploited for improving cancer immunotherapy by limiting its toxicity. The combination of stimuli-responsive nanoparticles with an ICD inducer serves as a promising strategy for increasing the clinical applications of ICD induction in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we outline recent advances in ICD mediated by stimuli-responsive nanoparticles that may be near-infrared (NIR)-responsive, pH-responsive, redox responsive, pH and enzyme responsive, or pH and redox responsive, and evaluate their significant potential for successful clinical translation in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Banstola
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Kishwor Poudel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Heon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
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Bartosova M, Zhang C, Schaefer B, Herzog R, Ridinger D, Damgov I, Levai E, Marinovic I, Eckert C, Romero P, Sallay P, Ujszaszi A, Unterwurzacher M, Wagner A, Hildenbrand G, Warady BA, Schaefer F, Zarogiannis SG, Kratochwill K, Schmitt CP. Glucose Derivative Induced Vasculopathy in Children on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis. Circ Res 2021; 129:e102-e118. [PMID: 34233458 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bartosova
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Conghui Zhang
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Betti Schaefer
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Herzog
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (R.H., M.U., A.W., K.K.)
| | - David Ridinger
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics (D.R., G.H.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Damgov
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eszter Levai
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- ELKH-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary (E.L.)
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.L., P.S.)
| | - Iva Marinovic
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Eckert
- Institute of Pathology (C.E.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Romero
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery (P.R.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Sallay
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (E.L., P.S.)
| | - Akos Ujszaszi
- Division of Nephrology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (A.U.)
| | - Markus Unterwurzacher
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (R.H., M.U., A.W., K.K.)
| | - Anja Wagner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (R.H., M.U., A.W., K.K.)
| | - Georg Hildenbrand
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics (D.R., G.H.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Franz Schaefer
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece (S.G.Z.)
| | - Klaus Kratochwill
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (R.H., M.U., A.W., K.K.)
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (M.B., C.Z., B.S., I.D., E.L., I.M., F.S., S.G.Z., C.P.S.), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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362
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Li R, Qu Y, Li X, Tao Y, Yang Q, Wang J, Diao Y, Li Q, Fang Y, Huang Y, Wang L. Molecular Hydrogen Attenuated N-methyl-N-Nitrosourea Induced Corneal Endothelial Injury by Upregulating Anti-Apoptotic Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:2. [PMID: 34196654 PMCID: PMC8267183 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.9.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous work by our group has demonstrated the value of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced corneal endothelial decompensation in animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of molecular hydrogen (H2) on MNU-induced corneal endothelial cell (CEC) injury and the underlying mechanism. Methods MNU-induced animal models of CEC injury were washed with hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) for 14 days. Immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, and corneal endothelial assessment were applied to determine architectural and cellular changes on the corneal endothelium following HRS treatment. MNU-induced cell models of CEC injury were co-cultured with H2. The effect of H2 was examined using morphological and functional assays. Results It was shown that MNU could inhibit the proliferation and specific physiological functions of CECs by increasing apoptosis and decreasing the expression of ZO-1 and Na+/K+-ATPase, whereas H2 improved the proliferation and physiological function of CECs by anti-apoptosis. Cell experiments further confirmed that H2 could reverse MNU damage to CECs by decreasing oxidative stress injury, interfering with the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and the FOXO3a/p53/p21 pathway. Conclusions This study suggests that topical application of H2 could protect CECs against corneal damage factors through anti-apoptotic effect, reduce the incidence and severity of corneal endothelial decompensation, and maintain corneal transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runpu Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxin Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese Aerospace 731 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Diao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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363
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Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. Ethanolic Extract with Antioxidant Properties on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in a Zebrafish Model of Cognitive Impairment. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060477. [PMID: 34204787 PMCID: PMC8231562 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) is a rare and appreciated fungal species belonging to the division Basidiomycota used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine for its medicinal value. This species of mushrooms brings the most diverse benefits for the human body, and can have beneficial effects for treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study investigated whether ethanolic extract from the fungal biomass of H. erinaceus enhances cognitive function via the action on cholinergic neurons using the scopolamine (SCOP)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of memory impairment. The ethanolic extract from the fungal biomass of H. erinaceus was previously obtained using an ultrasonic extraction method (UE). The administration of H. erinaceus extract to zebrafish, with a pattern of AD induced by scopolamine, showed an improvement in memory evaluated by behavioral and biochemical tests on brain tissue. These results suggest that H. erinaceus has preventive and therapeutic potentials in managing memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in zebrafish with AD.
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364
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A Comparative Study of Antioxidative Activity of Saliva in Children and Young Teenagers with and without Gingivitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57060569. [PMID: 34204920 PMCID: PMC8228018 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the values of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the saliva of children and young teenagers with and without gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 children and young teenagers of the mean age of 12.2 participated in the research. Gingival condition was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index. The subjects were divided into groups of those without gingivitis and those with gingivitis. Samples of unstimulated saliva were collected, and TAC, CAT and GPX were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: By comparing the values of TAC, CAT and GPX in subjects with and without gingivitis, significantly lower values of TAC (p < 0.001) and CAT (p < 0.001) were observed in the group of subjects with gingivitis. The correlation analysis of these values showed a positive correlation in groups of subjects not suffering from gingival inflammation and those with gingival inflammation. Conclusions: The study showed significantly lower values of TAC and CAT in the saliva of subjects with gingivitis. This indicates their possible role as a potential biomarker in the early diagnosis and expression of periodontal disease in children and young teenagers.
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365
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Ciesielska S, Slezak-Prochazka I, Bil P, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Micro RNAs in Regulation of Cellular Redox Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6022. [PMID: 34199590 PMCID: PMC8199685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In living cells Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) participate in intra- and inter-cellular signaling and all cells contain specific systems that guard redox homeostasis. These systems contain both enzymes which may produce ROS such as NADPH-dependent and other oxidases or nitric oxide synthases, and ROS-neutralizing enzymes such as catalase, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins, thioredoxin reductases, glutathione reductases, and many others. Most of the genes coding for these enzymes contain sequences targeted by micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are components of RNA-induced silencing complexes and play important roles in inhibiting translation of their targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this review we describe miRNAs that directly target and can influence enzymes responsible for scavenging of ROS and their possible role in cellular redox homeostasis. Regulation of antioxidant enzymes aims to adjust cells to survive in unstable oxidative environments; however, sometimes seemingly paradoxical phenomena appear where oxidative stress induces an increase in the levels of miRNAs which target genes which are supposed to neutralize ROS and therefore would be expected to decrease antioxidant levels. Here we show examples of such cellular behaviors and discuss the possible roles of miRNAs in redox regulatory circuits and further cell responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ciesielska
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | | | - Patryk Bil
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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366
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Tayyab Imtiaz M, Anwar F, Saleem U, Ahmad B, Hira S, Mehmood Y, Bashir M, Najam S, Ismail T. Triazine Derivative as Putative Candidate for the Reduction of Hormone-Positive Breast Tumor: In Silico, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Approach. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:686614. [PMID: 34122114 PMCID: PMC8193840 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.686614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that poses the highest incidence of morbidity among women and presents many treatment challenges. In search of novel breast cancer therapies, several triazine derivatives have been developed for their potential chemotherapeutic activity. This study aims to evaluate the N-nitroso-N-methyl urea (NMU)-induced anti-mammary gland tumor activity of 2,4,6 (O-nitrophenyl amino) 1,3,5-triazine (O-NPAT). Methods: The in silico modeling and in vitro cytotoxicity assay were performed to strengthen the research hypothesis. For in vivo experimentation, 30 female rats were divided into five groups. Group I (normal control) received normal saline. Group II (disease control) received NMU (50 mg/kg). Group III (standard control) was treated with tamoxifen (5 mg/kg). Groups IV and V received O-NPAT at a dose level of 30 and 60 mg/kg, respectively. For tumor induction, 3 intraperitoneal doses of NMU were given at a 3-week interval, whereas all treatment compounds were administered orally for 14 consecutive days. Biochemical and oxidative stress markers were estimated for all experimental animals. DNA strand breakage alongside inflammatory markers was also measured for the analysis of inflammation. The hormonal profile of progesterone and estrogen was also estimated. Results: The test compound presented a significant reduction in organ weight and restored the hepatic and renal enzymes. O-NPAT treatments enhanced the antioxidant enzyme level of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total sulfhydryl (TSH), with a highly significant reduction in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxidation. Also, the decrease in fragmented DNA, hormonal levels (estradiol and progesterone), and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) justified the dosage efficacy further supported by histopathological findings. Conclusion: All results indicated the anti-breast tumor activity of O-NPAT and presented its possibility of exploitation for beneficial effects in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tayyab Imtiaz
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Hira
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yumna Mehmood
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Bashir
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Najam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSAT University, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Cellular Antioxidant Effects and Bioavailability of Food Supplements Rich in Hydroxytyrosol. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the effect of olive (Olea europaea L.) vegetation water on human cells regarding its antioxidant properties and radical scavenger bioactivities. To this aim, two food supplements containing concentrated olive water in combination with 6% lemon juice or 70% grape juice, respectively, were assessed in different oxidation assays. From the investigated polyphenols, hydroxytyrosol, present in olives and in a lesser extent in grapes, was found to be the most abundant in both formulations, followed by tyrosol and oleuropein for the olive-derived concentrate with lemon juice, and by proanthocyanidins and tyrosol for the olive concentrate with grape juice. Cellular studies suggest that both formulations are effective antioxidants. In particular, the combination of olive and grape extracts showed a remarkable superoxides-, hydroxyl radicals-, and hydrogen peroxides-scavenging activity, while the formulation containing 94% olive concentrate wasmore potent in protecting the cells against lipoxidation. Both products showed a significant and similar effect in preventing advanced glycation end products’ (AGEs) formation. In addition, preliminary data indicate that hydroxytyrosol is absorbed into the human body when administered via these hydrophilic matrices, as confirmed by the urinary excretion of free hydroxytyrosol. Since the availability of phytochemicals largely depends on the vehicle in which they are solved, these findings are of relevance and contribute to supporting the healthful effects here assessed in a cellular environment.
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368
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Alses M, Alzeer S. Evaluation of some biological parameters of gasoline station attendants in Damascus, Syria. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07056. [PMID: 34041401 PMCID: PMC8144008 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gasoline is a blend of organic compounds used in internal combustion engines. gasoline station attendants (GSA) are exposed to gasoline vapours, which promotes oxidative stress through the production of ROS, which can damage biological structures with the formation of new metabolites which can be used as markers of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. This is a comparative cross-sectional study. This study aims to evaluate some biological parameters as indicators of toxicity as a result of exposure to gasoline in workers at gas stations in Damascus. Methods Blood samples were collected from GSA (n = 30) and non-exposed (NE) (n = 30) with no history of occupational exposure, and the following markers of oxidative stress were analysed: malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), catalase activity (CAT), CBC, ALT and AST. Results We have found that the levels of MDA, AOPP, CAT, RBC and Hgb in GSA were significantly higher than NE (p = 0.000, p = 0.02, p = 0.002, p = 0.018 and p = 0.015 respectively). On the other hand, there were no statistically significant (p > 0.05) in HCT, MCV, WBC, PLT, ALT and AST between the two groups. In the GSA group, there was no effect of the smoking habit and the number of years of work on biological parameters, but alcohol consumption habit had a clear effect on increasing both levels of MDA and CAT (P = 0.021 and P = 0.036 respectively), in comparison to the non-consumers of the alcohol group. The results from our study showed that chronic gasoline exposure may result in long-lasting oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the presence of statistically significant correlations between gasoline exposure and levels of biomarkers (MDA, AOPPs, Catalase activity). Conclusions the early identification of these biomarkers can be very useful to promote programs on health protection and prevention for those populations more susceptible to the adverse effects of gasoline exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alses
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Samar Alzeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
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Kim CJ, Ryu HY, Lee S, Lee HJ, Chun YS, Kim JK, Yu CY, Ghimire BK, Lee JG. Neuroprotective Effect and Antioxidant Potency of Fermented Cultured Wild Ginseng Root Extracts of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103001. [PMID: 34070099 PMCID: PMC8158381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild ginseng has better pharmacological effects than cultivated ginseng. However, its industrialization is limited by the inability to grow wild ginseng on a large scale. Herein, we demonstrate how to optimize ginseng production through cultivation, and how to enhance the concentrations of specific ginsenosides through fermentation. In the study, we also evaluated the ability of fermented cultured wild ginseng root extract (HLJG0701-β) to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as its neuroprotective effects and antioxidant activity. In invitro tests, HLJG0701-β inhibited AChE activity and exerted neuroprotective and antioxidant effects (showing increased catalyst activity but decreased reactive oxygen species concentration). In invivo tests, after HLJG0701-β was orally administered at doses of 0, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg in an animal model of memory impairment, behavioral evaluation (Morris water maze test and Y-maze task test) was performed. The levels of AChE, acetylcholine (ACh), blood catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissues were measured. The results showed that HLJG0701-β produced the best results at a dose of 250 mg/kg or more. The neuroprotective mechanism of HLJG0701-β was determined to involve the inhibition of AChE activity and a decrease in oxidative stress. In summary, both invitro and invivo tests confirmed that HJG0701-β administration can lead to memory improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Joong Kim
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, HwajinBioCosmetics CO., LTD, Chuncheon 24232, Korea;
| | - Hyeon-Yeol Ryu
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Yeonsu, Incheon 21999, Korea; (H.-Y.R.); (S.L.)
| | - Somin Lee
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Yeonsu, Incheon 21999, Korea; (H.-Y.R.); (S.L.)
| | - Han-Joo Lee
- Aribio H&B CO.LTD, Yongin 16914, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Yoon-Soek Chun
- Aribio H&B CO.LTD, Yongin 16914, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Jong-Kyu Kim
- Aribio H&B CO.LTD, Yongin 16914, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.C.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Chang-Yeon Yu
- Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 21341, Korea;
| | - Bimal Kumar Ghimire
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Jae-Geun Lee
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, HwajinBioCosmetics CO., LTD, Chuncheon 24232, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-258-6801
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Szychowski KA, Skóra B, Kryshchyshyn-Dylevych A, Kaminskyy D, Khyluk D, Lesyk R. 4-thiazolidinone-based derivatives rosiglitazone and pioglitazone affect the expression of antioxidant enzymes in different human cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111684. [PMID: 34243632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PPARγ regulate the expression of genes involved in peripheral insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, and glucose homeostasis. Moreover, PPARγ agonists, such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, are used in the treatment of various diseases, e.g. diabetes (type II), atherosclerosis, inflammatory skin disease, and some types of cancers. PPARγ agonists have also been found to reduce oxidative-stress (OS) and OS-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of 4-thiazolidinone-based derivatives Les-2194, Les-3377, and Les-3640 on the expression of antioxidant enzymes in human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15), lung carcinoma (A549), colon adenocarcinoma (CACO-2), and skin fibroblast (BJ) cell lines. After 24 h of exposure, Les-2194 caused an increase in ROS production in the SCC-15 and CACO-2 cell lines; however, no changes in caspase-3 activity and metabolic activity were observed. Nevertheless, the Ki67 level was significantly decreased. Les-3377 was able to increase ROS production in all tested cell lines, but no impact on metabolic activity and caspase-3 activity were noticed. In turn, Les-3640 was able to induce ROS overproduction in BJ, SCC-15, and CACO-2 and did not affect metabolic activity. However, an increase in caspase-3 activity was observed at the 10 µM concentration in all tested cell lines. All tested compounds were able to influence CAT and SOD1 expression and decreased (Les-2194 in the BJ cells) or increased (Les-3640 in the SCC-15 and CACO-2 cells) PPARγ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Kryshchyshyn-Dylevych
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
| | - Danylo Kaminskyy
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Khyluk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Lifestyle Disorders and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland; Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
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Metal Sulfide Nanoparticles Based Phytolectin Scaffolds Inhibit Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Causing Candida albicans. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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372
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Mondal P, Shaw P, Dey Bhowmik A, Bandyopadhyay A, Sudarshan M, Chakraborty A, Chattopadhyay A. Combined effect of arsenic and fluoride at environmentally relevant concentrations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain: Alterations in stress marker and apoptotic gene expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128678. [PMID: 33127104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic and fluoride are two naturally occurring toxicants to which various organisms including a major part of the human populations are co-exposed to. However, interactions between them inside body are quite complicated and needs proper evaluation. Inconclusive reports regarding their combined effects on brain prompted us to conduct this study where we investigated their individual as well as combined effects on female zebrafish brain at environmentally relevant concentrations (50 μgL-1 arsenic trioxide and 15 mgL-1 sodium fluoride) after different time intervals (15, 30 and 60 days). Persistent near-basal level of GSH, least increased MDA content and catalase activity portrayed arsenic and fluoride co-exposure as less toxic which was corroborated with far less damage caused in the histoarchitecture of optic tectum region in midbrain. Stress-responsive genes viz., Nrf2 and Hsp70 were overexpressed after individual as well as combined exposures, indicating a common cellular response to combat the formed oxidative stresses. Biphasic response of AChE upon individual exposure confirmed their neurotoxic effects too. Expression profile of p53 (unaltered), Bax (lower or near-basal) and Bcl2 (comparatively higher), along with absence of DNA fragmentation indicated no induction of apoptosis in the co-exposed group. Tissue accumulation of arsenic and fluoride was significantly less in the brain of co-exposed zebrafish when compared to their individual exposures. This preliminary study indicates an antagonistic effect of these two toxicants in zebrafish brain and needs further studies involving oxidative stress independent markers to understand the detailed molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paritosh Mondal
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Pallab Shaw
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Arpan Dey Bhowmik
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Muthammal Sudarshan
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, 3/LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700098, India
| | - Anindita Chakraborty
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, 3/LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700098, India
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373
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Brasil FB, Bertolini Gobbo RC, Souza de Almeida FJ, Luckachaki MD, Dall'Oglio EL, de Oliveira MR. The signaling pathway PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 plays a role in the mitochondrial protection promoted by astaxanthin in the SH-SY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Neurochem Int 2021; 146:105024. [PMID: 33775716 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondria are the major source of reactive species in the mammalian cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a potent inducer of redox impairment by a mechanism, at least in part, dependent on its ability to impair mitochondrial function. H2O2 plays an important role in several pathological conditions, including neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases. Astaxanthin (AST) is a xanthophyll that may be found in microalgae, crustaceans, and salmon and exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different cell types. Even though there is evidence pointing to a role for AST as mitochondrial protectant agent, it was not clearly demonstrated how this xanthophyll attenuates mitochondrial stress. Therefore, we investigated here whether and how AST would be able to prevent the H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that AST (20 μM) prevented the H2O2-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and decrease in the activity of the Complexes I and V. AST pretreatment blocked the mitochondria-related pro-apoptotic effects elicited by H2O2. AST upregulated the enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by a mechanism dependent on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt or of the HO-1 enzyme abolished the AST-induced mitochondrial protection in cells challenged with H2O2. Silencing of Nrf2 caused similar effects. Thus, we suggest that AST promotes mitochondrial protection by a mechanism dependent on the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Bittencourt Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rênata Cristina Bertolini Gobbo
- Grupo de Estudos em Terapia Mitocondrial, Departamento de Bioquímica "Tuiskon Dick", Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 (Anexo), CEP 90035-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica "Tuiskon Dick", Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fhelipe Jolner Souza de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, MT, Brazil; Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dargesso Luckachaki
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
| | - Evandro Luiz Dall'Oglio
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos em Terapia Mitocondrial, Departamento de Bioquímica "Tuiskon Dick", Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 (Anexo), CEP 90035-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica "Tuiskon Dick", Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
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Torres-Arce E, Vizmanos B, Babio N, Márquez-Sandoval F, Salas-Huetos A. Dietary Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility: Counteracting Oxidative Stress. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:241. [PMID: 33804600 PMCID: PMC8003818 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infertility affects about 15% of the population and male factors only are responsible for ~25-30% of cases of infertility. Currently, the etiology of suboptimal semen quality is poorly understood, and many environmental and genetic factors, including oxidative stress, have been implicated. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of free radicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the capacity of the body to counteract their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants. The purpose of this review, by employing the joint expertise of international researchers specialized in nutrition and male fertility areas, is to update the knowledge about the reproductive consequences of excessive ROS concentrations and oxidative stress on the semen quality and Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) clinical outcomes, to discuss the role of antioxidants in fertility outcomes, and finally to discuss why foods and dietary patterns are more innocuous long term solution for ameliorating oxidative stress and therefore semen quality results and ART fertility outcomes. Since this is a narrative review and not a systematic/meta-analysis, the summarized information in the present study should be considered cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Torres-Arce
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Barbara Vizmanos
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabiola Márquez-Sandoval
- Center of Health Sciences, Institute of Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (E.T.-A.); (B.V.)
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P., Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (ciBeRobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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375
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Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Antioxidant Metalloenzymes and Therapeutic Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030437. [PMID: 33809730 PMCID: PMC8002298 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord and leads to death due to respiratory failure within three to five years. Although the clinical symptoms of this disease were first described in 1869 and it is the most common motor neuron disease and the most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged individuals, the exact etiopathogenesis of ALS remains unclear and it remains incurable. However, free oxygen radicals (i.e., molecules containing one or more free electrons) are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease as they very readily bind intracellular structures, leading to functional impairment. Antioxidant enzymes, which are often metalloenzymes, inactivate free oxygen radicals by converting them into a less harmful substance. One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is Cu2+Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is mutated in 20% of cases of the familial form of ALS (fALS) and up to 7% of sporadic ALS (sALS) cases. In addition, the proper functioning of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is essential for antioxidant protection. In this review article, we focus on the mechanisms through which these enzymes are involved in the antioxidant response to oxidative stress and thus the pathogenesis of ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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376
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Bhandari R, Kaur J, Kaur S, Kuhad A. The Nrf2 pathway in psychiatric disorders: pathophysiological role and potential targeting. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:115-139. [PMID: 33557652 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1887141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: All psychiatric disorders exhibit excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neural damage as their common characteristic. The endogenous nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is implicated in the defense mechanism against oxidative stress and has a significant role in psychiatric disorders.Areas covered: We explore the role of Nrf2 pathway and its modulators in psychiatric disorders. The literature was searched utilizing various databases such as Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Pub-Med, and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2020. The search included research articles, clinical reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.Expert opinion: Environmental factors and genetic predisposition can be a trigger for the development of psychiatric disorders. Nrf2 downregulates certain inflammatory pathways and upregulates various antioxidant enzymes to maintain a balance. However, its intricate balance with NF-Kβ (Nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells) and its crosstalk with the transcription factor Nrf2 is critical in severe oxidative stress. Several Nrf2 modulators are now in clinical trials and can help reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. There are immense potential opportunities for these modulators to become a novel therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Bhandari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Japneet Kaur
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Simerpreet Kaur
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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377
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Johnson TO, Abolaji AO, Omale S, Longdet IY, Kutshik RJ, Oyetayo BO, Adegboyega AE, Sagay A. Benzo[a]pyrene and Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide induced locomotor and reproductive senescence and altered biochemical parameters of oxidative damage in Canton-S Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:571-580. [PMID: 33777703 PMCID: PMC7985712 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) commonly found in cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust fumes, grilled meat, and smoked food among others. Exposure to B[a]P is associated with a range of toxic effects including developmental, neurological, oxidative, inflammatory, mutagenic, carcinogenic and mortal. Efficient and more affordable experimental models like Drosophila melanogaster could provide more insight into the mechanism of PAH toxicity and help develop new strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of PAH-related conditions. In this study, we examined the induction of some biochemical changes along with mortality and functional senescence by B[a]P and its metabolite, benzo[a]pyrene- 7,8-dihydrodiol-910-epoxide (BPDE) in the Canton-S strain of Drosophila melanogaster, with the aim to establish an alternative assay medium for B[a]P toxicity in flies. Flies were exposed to 2-200 μM of B[a]P and 1-10 μM of BPDE through diet for a seven-day survival assay followed by a four-day treatment to determine the effects of the compounds on negative geotaxis, fecundity and some biochemical parameters of oxidative damage. BPDE significantly reduced the survival rate of flies along the 7 days of exposure whereas B[a]P did not cause any significant change in the survival rate of flies. B[a]P and BPDE significantly reduced the climbing ability of flies after 4 days of exposure. Rate of emergence of flies significantly reduced at 10-200 μM of B[a]P and 5-10 μM of BPDE. Both compounds caused various levels of alterations in the values of reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol (T-SH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of the flies. The compounds also exhibited high binding affinities and molecular interactions with the active site amino acid residues of Drosophila GST and the inhibitor binding site of Drosophila AChE in an in silico molecular docking analysis, with BPDE forming stable hydrogen bonds with AChE. Hence, the Canton-S strain of Drosophila melanogaster could offer a simple and affordable assay medium to study B[a]P toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Amos Olalekan Abolaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Simeon Omale
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Africa Center of Excellence in Phytomedicine Research and Development, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ishaya Yohanna Longdet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Richard Joseph Kutshik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Bolaji Oyenike Oyetayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Atiene Sagay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
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378
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Kumar S, Chowdhury S, Razdan A, Kumari D, Purty RS, Ram H, Kumar P, Nayak P, Shukla SD. Downregulation of Candidate Gene Expression and Neuroprotection by Piperine in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia and Memory Impairment in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:595471. [PMID: 33737876 PMCID: PMC7962412 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.595471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence showing that hyperglycemia conditions like diabetes possess a greater risk of impairment to the neuronal system because high glucose levels exacerbate oxidative stress, accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and impair cognitive functions and cause neurodegeneration conditions like Alzheimer’s diseases. Due to the extensive focus on pharmacological intervention to prevent neuronal cells’ impairment induced by hyperglycemia, the underlying molecular mechanism that links between Diabetes and Alzheimer’s is still lacking. Given this, the present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of piperine on streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemia and candidate gene expression. In the present study, rats were divided into four groups: control (Vehicle only), diabetic control (STZ only), piperine treated (20 mg/kg day, i.p), and sitagliptin (Positive control) treated. The memory function was assessed by Morris water maze and probe test. After treatment, biochemical parameters such as HOMA index and lipid profile were estimated in the serum, whereas histopathology was evaluated in pancreatic and brain tissue samples. Gene expression studies were done by real-time PCR technique. Present data indicated that piperine caused significant memory improvement as compared to diabetic (STZ) control. The assessment of HOMA indices in serum samples showed that piperine and sitagliptin (positive control, PC) caused significant alterations of insulin resistance, β cell function, and insulin sensitivity. Assessment of brain and pancreas histopathology shows significant improvement in tissue architecture in piperine and sitagliptin treated groups compared to diabetic control. The gene expression profile in brain tissue shows significantly reduced BACE1, PSEN1, APAF1, CASPASE3, and CATALASE genes in the piperine and sitagliptin (PC) treated groups compared to Diabetic (STZ) control. The present study demonstrated that piperine not only improves memory in diabetic rats but also reduces the expression of specific AD-related genes that can help design a novel strategy for therapeutic intervention at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Chowdhury
- University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Razdan
- University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepa Kumari
- University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Singh Purty
- University School of Biotechnology, GGS Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Heera Ram
- Department of Zoology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, India
| | - Prasunpriya Nayak
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Sunil Dutt Shukla
- Government Meera Girls College, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
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379
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Ogunmoyole T, Dada I, Adebamigbe OA. Ameliorative potentials of Persea americana leaf extract on toxicants - induced oxidative assault in multiple organs of wistar albino rat. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Persea americana (PA) is a popular medicinal plant in folkloric medicines. The present study therefore investigates the ameliorative potentials of its leaves extract on carbon tetrachloride and rifampicin-induced toxicity in the liver, kidney and heart of albino rat. This was aimed at assessing the potentials of the plant in the management of liver, kidney and heart diseases.
Methodology
Forty (40) rats were randomly divided into eight (8) groups of five animals each. Groups I and II were administered with only distilled water and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) respectively. Groups III and IV animals received 3.0 ml/kg bw of CCl4 and were treated with the extract at 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg respectively, while group V received 100 mg/kg bw. of silymarin orally for 14 days. Groups VI animals were administered with rifampicin (250 mg/kg bw.) only, while groups VII and VIII animals received rifampicin and were treated with 50 mg and 100 mg/kg bw of the extract respectively. Activities of creatine kinase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase, catalase as well as levels of urea, uric acid, bilirubin and malonidialdehyde (MDA) were assayed. Lipid profiles and histopathological examination of liver and kidney slices were also performed.
Result
Treatment with P. americana significantly (p < 0.05) restored all deranged biochemical parameters (creatine kinase, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, uric acid, bilirubin, MDA, lipid profile as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase) in a dose-dependent manner. Normal hepatic and renal histoarchitecture were also restored following treatment with P. americana.
Conclusion
Amelioration of distorted cardiac, hepatic and renal histoarchitecture as well as restoration of lipid profile, biomarkers of liver and kidney injury and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) affirm the potential usefulness of P. americana in the management of liver, kidney and heart diseases.
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Pap R, Pandur E, Jánosa G, Sipos K, Agócs A, Deli J. Lutein Exerts Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Influences Iron Utilization of BV-2 Microglia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030363. [PMID: 33673707 PMCID: PMC7997267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a tetraterpene carotenoid, which has been reported as an important antioxidant and it is widely used as a supplement. Oxidative stress participates in many human diseases, including different types of neurodegenerative disorders. Microglia, the primary immune effector cells in the central nervous system, are implicated in these disorders by producing harmful substances such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The protective mechanisms which scavenge ROS include enzymes and antioxidant substances. The protective effects of different carotenoids against oxidative stress have been described previously. Our study focuses on the effects of lutein on antioxidant enzymes, cytokines and iron metabolism under stress conditions in BV-2 microglia. We performed cell culture experiments: BV-2 cells were treated with lutein and/or with H2O2; the latter was used for inducing oxidative stress in microglial cells. Real-time PCR was performed for gene expression analyses of antioxidant enzymes, and ELISA was used for the detection of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Our results show that the application of lutein suppressed the H2O2-induced ROS (10′: 7.5 ng + 10 µM H2O2, p = 0.0002; 10 ng/µL + 10 µM H2O2, p = 0.0007), influenced iron utilization and changed the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions in BV-2 cells. Lutein increased the IL-10 secretions compared to control (24 h: 7.5 ng/µL p = 0.0274; 10 ng/µL p = 0.0008) and to 10 µM H2O2-treated cells (24 h: 7.5 ng/µL + H2O2, p = 0.0003; 10 ng/µL + H2O2, p = 0.0003), while it decreased the TNFα secretions compared to H2O2 treated cells (24 h: 7.5 ng/µL + H2O2, p < 0.0001; 10 ng/µL + H2O2, p < 0.0001). These results contribute to understanding the effects of lutein, which may help in preventing or suppressing ROS-mediated microglia activation, which is related to neuronal degeneration in oxidative stress scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramóna Pap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus u. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (R.P.); (E.P.); (G.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Edina Pandur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus u. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (R.P.); (E.P.); (G.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Gergely Jánosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus u. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (R.P.); (E.P.); (G.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Katalin Sipos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus u. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (R.P.); (E.P.); (G.J.); (K.S.)
| | - Attila Agócs
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - József Deli
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Rókus u. 2., H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Current Updates On the In vivo Assessment of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Toxicity Using Animal Models. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-021-00845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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382
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Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Involvement in Red Blood Cell Damage in Chronic Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6639199. [PMID: 33708334 PMCID: PMC7932781 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6639199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released in cells are signaling molecules but can also modify signaling proteins. Red blood cells perform a major role in maintaining the balance of the redox in the blood. The main cytosolic protein of RBC is hemoglobin (Hb), which accounts for 95-97%. Most other proteins are involved in protecting the blood cell from oxidative stress. Hemoglobin is a major factor in initiating oxidative stress within the erythrocyte. RBCs can also be damaged by exogenous oxidants. Hb autoxidation leads to the generation of a superoxide radical, of which the catalyzed or spontaneous dismutation produces hydrogen peroxide. Both oxidants induce hemichrome formation, heme degradation, and release of free iron which is a catalyst for free radical reactions. To maintain the redox balance, appropriate antioxidants are present in the cytosol, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2), as well as low molecular weight antioxidants: glutathione, ascorbic acid, lipoic acid, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and others. Redox imbalance leads to oxidative stress and may be associated with overproduction of ROS and/or insufficient capacity of the antioxidant system. Oxidative stress performs a key role in CKD as evidenced by the high level of markers associated with oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in vivo. In addition to the overproduction of ROS, a reduced antioxidant capacity is observed, associated with a decrease in the activity of SOD, GPx, PRDX2, and low molecular weight antioxidants. In addition, hemodialysis is accompanied by oxidative stress in which low-biocompatibility dialysis membranes activate phagocytic cells, especially neutrophils and monocytes, leading to a respiratory burst. This review shows the production of ROS under normal conditions and CKD and its impact on disease progression. Oxidative damage to red blood cells (RBCs) in CKD and their contribution to cardiovascular disease are also discussed.
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383
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Photoreceptor metabolic reprogramming: current understanding and therapeutic implications. Commun Biol 2021; 4:245. [PMID: 33627778 PMCID: PMC7904922 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired and inherited retinal disorders are responsible for vision loss in an increasing proportion of individuals worldwide. Photoreceptor (PR) death is central to the vision loss individuals experience in these various retinal diseases. Unfortunately, there is a lack of treatment options to prevent PR loss, so an urgent unmet need exists for therapies that improve PR survival and ultimately, vision. The retina is one of the most energy demanding tissues in the body, and this is driven in large part by the metabolic needs of PRs. Recent studies suggest that disruption of nutrient availability and regulation of cell metabolism may be a unifying mechanism in PR death. Understanding retinal cell metabolism and how it is altered in disease has been identified as a priority area of research. The focus of this review is on the recent advances in the understanding of PR metabolism and how it is critical to reduction-oxidation (redox) balance, the outer retinal metabolic ecosystem, and retinal disease. The importance of these metabolic processes is just beginning to be realized and unraveling the metabolic and redox pathways integral to PR health may identify novel targets for neuroprotective strategies that prevent blindness in the heterogenous group of retinal disorders.
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384
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Silva J, Alves C, Martins A, Susano P, Simões M, Guedes M, Rehfeldt S, Pinteus S, Gaspar H, Rodrigues A, Goettert MI, Alfonso A, Pedrosa R. Loliolide, a New Therapeutic Option for Neurological Diseases? In Vitro Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Monoterpenoid Lactone Isolated from Codium tomentosum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1888. [PMID: 33672866 PMCID: PMC7918146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinsons Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and is characterized by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Without an effective treatment, it is crucial to find new therapeutic options to fight the neurodegenerative process, which may arise from marine resources. Accordingly, the goal of the present work was to evaluate the ability of the monoterpenoid lactone Loliolide, isolated from the green seaweed Codium tomentosum, to prevent neurological cell death mediated by the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on SH-SY5Y cells and their anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Loliolide was obtained from the diethyl ether extract, purified through column chromatography and identified by NMR spectroscopy. The neuroprotective effects were evaluated by the MTT method. Cells' exposure to 6-OHDA in the presence of Loliolide led to an increase of cells' viability in 40%, and this effect was mediated by mitochondrial protection, reduction of oxidative stress condition and apoptosis, and inhibition of the NF-kB pathway. Additionally, Loliolide also suppressed nitric oxide production and inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results suggest that Loliolide can inspire the development of new neuroprotective therapeutic agents and thus, more detailed studies should be considered to validate its pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Silva
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Alice Martins
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Patrícia Susano
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Marco Simões
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Miguel Guedes
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Stephanie Rehfeldt
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, RS 95914-014, Brazil; (S.R.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Susete Pinteus
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Helena Gaspar
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Américo Rodrigues
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (C.A.); (A.M.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Márcia Ines Goettert
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, RS 95914-014, Brazil; (S.R.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal
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385
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Micheli L, Collodel G, Moretti E, Noto D, Menchiari A, Cerretani D, Crispino S, Signorini C. Redox imbalance induced by docetaxel in the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: a study of docetaxel-induced neuronal damage. Redox Rep 2021; 26:18-28. [PMID: 33563132 PMCID: PMC7889094 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1884802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In cancer survivors, chemotherapy-associated adverse neurological effects are described as side effects in non-targeted tissue. We investigated the role of redox-imbalance in neuronal damage by a relative low dose of Docetaxel (DTX). Methods The neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y cells) were exposed to DTX at a dose of 1.25 nM for 6 h. Antioxidant defenses (i.e. ascorbic acid, glutathione, and catalase) and lipid oxidation products (i.e. F2-isoprostanes) were evaluated. To investigate cell ultrastructure and tubulin localisation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence techniques were applied. Results In the SH-SY5Y cells, DTX induced a significant reduction of total glutathione (P < 0.001) and ascorbic acid (P < 0.05), and an increase in both total F2-Isoprostanes (P < 0.05) and catalase activity (P < 0.05), as compared to untreated cells. Additionally, TEM showed a significant increase in cells with apoptotic characteristics. Immunolocalisation of tubulin showed a compromised cytoskeletal organisation. Discussion The investigated sublethal dose of DTX, to which non-targeted cells may be exposed throughout the duration of chemotherapy treatment, induces a redox imbalance resulting in a specific modulation of the antioxidant response. This study provides new insights into DTX-induced cellular mechanisms useful for evaluating whether the concomitant use of antioxidants associated with chemotherapy mitigates chemotherapy side effects in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Micheli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Daria Noto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Menchiari
- Department of Business and Law, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Cerretani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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386
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Bastian P, Dulski J, Roszmann A, Jacewicz D, Kuban-Jankowska A, Slawek J, Wozniak M, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Parkinson's Disease-Is 2-Methoxyestradiol a Missing Piece? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:248. [PMID: 33562035 PMCID: PMC7915370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, as "power house of the cell", are crucial players in cell pathophysiology. Beyond adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, they take part in a generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulation of cell signaling and cell death. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics may lead to cancers and neurodegeneration; however, the fusion/fission cycle allows mitochondria to adapt to metabolic needs of the cell. There are multiple data suggesting that disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis can lead to Parkinson's disease (PD) development. 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2) and potential anticancer agent, was demonstrated to inhibit cell growth of hippocampal HT22 cells by means of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) production and oxidative stress at both pharmacologically and also physiologically relevant concentrations. Moreover, 2-ME was suggested to inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis and to be a dynamic regulator. This review is a comprehensive discussion, from both scientific and clinical point of view, about the influence of 2-ME on mitochondria and its plausible role as a modulator of neuron survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Bastian
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaroslaw Dulski
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Roszmann
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaroslaw Slawek
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
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387
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Identifying a Role of Red and White Wine Extracts in Counteracting Skin Aging: Effects of Antioxidants on Fibroblast Behavior. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020227. [PMID: 33546215 PMCID: PMC7913355 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts are the main actor in many proteins’ secretion, including collagen, preserving skin function. Free radicals are involved in skin aging and damages involving different cellular components. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount and natural antioxidant enzymes negatively affects skin homeostasis. Natural compounds have recently emerged as a potential anti-aging tool in tissue regeneration. In the present paper we evaluated the antioxidant activity of white and red wines, considering their probable use, as raw materials, for the formulation of cosmetic products with anti-aging properties. We studied a method that would allow the removal of the alcoholic fraction of wines and determined their composition by LC-MS analysis. We then tested the possible cytotoxic effects of red and white wines on fibroblasts by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay, and their antioxidant activity by the catalase activity test in stressing conditions. Finally, we evaluated their anti-aging potential through the β-galactosidase colorimetric assay. Our results showed that wine extracts exhibit a remarkable antioxidant and anti-aging activity, especially on cells exposed to a marked stressful event. These properties could suggest their possible application as cosmetical products for skin regeneration.
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388
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Divsalar A, Ghobadi R. The presence of deep eutectic solvents of reline and glyceline on interaction and side effect of anti-cancer drug of 5-fluorouracil: Bovine liver catalase as a target. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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389
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Oyem JC, Chris-Ozoko LE, Enaohwo MT, Otabor FO, Okudayo VA, Udi OA. Antioxidative properties of Ocimum gratissimum alters Lead acetate induced oxidative damage in lymphoid tissues and hematological parameters of adult Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:215-222. [PMID: 33511038 PMCID: PMC7817492 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lead toxicity was induced in male rats by oral administration of lead acetate. Effect of Ocimum gratissimum in lead acetate toxicity on spleen, thymus, and blood. Oral lead acetate administration led to oxidative damage in spleen, thymus and blood. Ocimum gratissimum extract reversed oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant enzymes. Ocimum gratissimum averts lead acetate-induced toxicity in the blood, thymus and spleen.
Lead exposure is a well-known environmental hazard. Its accumulation in humans may pose a danger to health. The present study investigated the beneficial effect of Ocimum gratissimum extract (OG) in reducing lead acetate (LA) induced oxidative damage in the spleen, thymus, and hematological indices. We employed an in vivo model of LA induced Wistar rats and administered 125 mg/kg/bw and 250 mg/kg/bw of OG extracts respectively. Our control groups were divided into 2; the first group received normal saline, feed, and water while the second group was administered OG extracts only. We assessed the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the thymus and spleen and estimated percentages of blood cells. Our results showed that LA induces oxidative damage by significantly elevating MDA and diminishing GSH levels, SOD, and CAT activities. LA administration led to a significant decline in blood parameters. However, co-administration with OG compensated oxidative stress by significantly reducing MDA, increasing GSH, SOD, and CAT. Oral administration of OG to rats attenuated anemia, thrombocytopenia, leucocytosis, eosinophilia, monocytosis, and neutropenia induced by LA. The present study indicates that LA induced Spleen, thymus, and blood toxicity, which was reversed by oral OG administration.
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Key Words
- Antioxidation
- BW, Bodyweight
- CAT, Catalase
- GSH, Glutathione
- H2O2, Hydrogen peroxide
- Hb, Hemaglobin
- LA, Lead Acetate
- Lead acetate
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- OG, Ocimum gratissimum
- Ocimum gratissimum
- Oxidative stress
- RBC, Red Blood Cell
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- SOD, Superoxide Dismustase
- Spleen
- Thymus
- WBC, White Blood Cell
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Affiliation(s)
- John Chukwuma Oyem
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Lilian Ebite Chris-Ozoko
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Mamerhi Taniyohwo Enaohwo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Francisca Osamahemwem Otabor
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Vera Anieze Okudayo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Onoriode Andrew Udi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences (Anatomy Unit), College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Achievers University Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
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390
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Widely rhythmic transcriptome in Calanus finmarchicus during the high Arctic summer solstice period. iScience 2021; 24:101927. [PMID: 33385120 PMCID: PMC7770977 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar light/dark cycles and seasonal photoperiods underpin daily and annual rhythms of life on Earth. Yet, the Arctic is characterized by several months of permanent illumination ("midnight sun"). To determine the persistence of 24h rhythms during the midnight sun, we investigated transcriptomic dynamics in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus during the summer solstice period in the Arctic, with the lowest diel oscillation and the highest altitude of the sun's position. Here we reveal that in these extreme photic conditions, a widely rhythmic daily transcriptome exists, showing that very weak solar cues are sufficient to entrain organisms. Furthermore, at extremely high latitudes and under sea-ice, gene oscillations become re-organized to include <24h rhythms. Environmental synchronization may therefore be modulated to include non-photic signals (i.e. tidal cycles). The ability of zooplankton to be synchronized by extremely weak diel and potentially tidal cycles, may confer an adaptive temporal reorganization of biological processes at high latitudes.
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391
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Di Stasi LC. Coumarin Derivatives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020422. [PMID: 33467396 PMCID: PMC7830946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a non-communicable disease characterized by a chronic inflammatory process of the gut and categorized into Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, both currently without definitive pharmacological treatment and cure. The unclear etiology of IBD is a limiting factor for the development of new drugs and explains the high frequency of refractory patients to current drugs, which are also related to various adverse effects, mainly after long-term use. Dissatisfaction with current therapies has promoted an increased interest in new pharmacological approaches using natural products. Coumarins comprise a large class of natural phenolic compounds found in fungi, bacteria, and plants. Coumarin and its derivatives have been reported as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, potentially useful as complementary therapy of the IBD. These compounds produce protective effects in intestinal inflammation through different mechanisms and signaling pathways, mainly modulating immune and inflammatory responses, and protecting against oxidative stress, a central factor for IBD development. In this review, we described the main coumarin derivatives reported as intestinal anti-inflammatory products and its available pharmacodynamic data that support the protective effects of these products in the acute and subchronic phase of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz C Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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392
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McCollum CR, Levy M, Bertram JR, Nagpal P, Chatterjee A. Photoexcited Quantum Dots as Efficacious and Nontoxic Antibiotics in an Animal Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1863-1875. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colleen R. McCollum
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Max Levy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - John R. Bertram
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Prashant Nagpal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Antimicrobial Regeneration Consortium, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
- Sachi Bioworks, Inc., Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Anushree Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Antimicrobial Regeneration Consortium, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
- Sachi Bioworks, Inc., Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
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393
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Genetic Variability of Antioxidative Mechanisms and Cardiotoxicity after Adjuvant Radiotherapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2020:6645588. [PMID: 33425072 PMCID: PMC7772014 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6645588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer treatment is associated with the occurrence of various cardiac adverse events. One of the mechanisms associated with cardiotoxicity is oxidative stress, against which cells are protected by antioxidative enzymes. Genetic variability of antioxidative enzymes can affect enzyme activity or expression, which modifies the ability of cells to defend themselves against oxidative stress and could consequently contribute to the occurrence of treatment-related cardiotoxicity. Our aim was to evaluate the association of common polymorphisms in antioxidative genes with cardiotoxicity after adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Methods Our retrospective study included 101 HER2-positive early breast cancer patients who received trastuzumab and adjuvant RT. We isolated DNA from buccal swabs and used competitive allele-specific PCR for genotyping of PON1 rs854560 and rs662, GSTP1 rs1138272 and rs1695, SOD2 rs4880, CAT rs1001179, and HIF1 rs1154965 polymorphisms. N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction, and NYHA class were used as markers of cardiotoxicity. We used logistic regression to evaluate the association of genetic factors with markers of cardiotoxicity. Results Carriers of at least one polymorphic PON1 rs854560 allele were less likely to have increased NT-proBNP (OR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.15-0.79; P = 0.012), even after adjustment for age (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.15-0.83; P = 0.017). Carriers of at least one polymorphic PON1 rs662 allele were more likely to have increased NT-proBNP (OR = 4.44; 95% CI = 1.85-10.66; P = 0.001), even after adjustment for age (OR = 5.41; 95% CI = 2.12-13.78; P < 0.001). GSTP1 rs1695 was also associated with decreased NT-proBNP in the multivariable analysis (P = 0.026), while CAT rs1001179 was associated with NYHA class in the univariable (P = 0.012) and multivariable analysis (P = 0.023). Conclusion In our study, polymorphisms PON1 rs662 and rs854560, CAT rs1001179, and GSTP1 rs1695 were significantly associated with the occurrence of cardiac adverse events after adjuvant RT and could serve as biomarkers contributing to treatment personalization.
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394
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CARD8 and IL1B Polymorphisms Influence MRI Brain Patterns in Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Treated with Hypothermia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010096. [PMID: 33445495 PMCID: PMC7826682 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are recognized as important contributors of brain injury in newborns due to a perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult. Genetic variability in these pathways could influence the response to HI and the outcome of brain injury. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes involved in inflammation and response to oxidative stress on brain injury in newborns after perinatal HI insult based on the severity and pattern of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The DNA of 44 subjects was isolated from buccal swabs. Genotyping was performed for NLRP3 rs35829419, CARD8 rs2043211, IL1B rs16944, IL1B rs1143623, IL1B rs1071676, TNF rs1800629, CAT rs1001179, SOD2 rs4880, and GPX1 rs1050450. Polymorphism in CARD8 was found to be protective against HI brain injury detected by MRI overall findings. Polymorphisms in IL1B were associated with posterior limb of internal capsule, basal ganglia, and white matter brain patterns determined by MRI. Our results suggest a possible association between genetic variability in inflammation- and antioxidant-related pathways and the severity of brain injury after HI insult in newborns.
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395
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Mazur-Bialy AI, Pocheć E. The Time-Course of Antioxidant Irisin Activity: Role of the Nrf2/HO-1/HMGB1 Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010088. [PMID: 33440644 PMCID: PMC7827448 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of free radicals is one of the basic mechanisms giving rise to the antimicrobial activity of macrophages; however, excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to cell damage, cell death, and release of the highly proinflammatory alarmin high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This study aimed to evaluate the kinetics of antioxidant properties of the adipomyokine irisin administered shortly before or after macrophage activation to assess its effect on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/HMGB1 pathway. The studies were performed on RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages treated with irisin (0, 25, and 50 nM) 2 h before or after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The effectiveness of respiratory burst and the expression of key factors of the antioxidant pathway, such as HO-1, Nrf2, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), SOD-2, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase-9 (Cat-9), and HMGB1, were assessed. Irisin (50 nM) effectively reduced the free-radical production by macrophages. Furthermore, in both models, irisin altered the kinetics of expression of key factors of the downstream Nrf2/HO-1/HMGB1 pathway, leading to the increased production of Nrf2 and HO-1 and significantly reduced expression and release of HMGB1. In conclusion, irisin is a modulator of the Nrf2/HO-1/HMGB1 pathway and shows antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects when administered both before and shortly after the activation of inflammatory mechanisms in mouse macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Irena Mazur-Bialy
- Department of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 20, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-421-9351
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
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396
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Karadogan B, Beyaz S, Gelincik A, Buyukozturk S, Arda N. Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant parameters in allergic asthma patients with different level of asthma control. J Asthma 2021; 59:663-672. [PMID: 33380228 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1870129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is evidence that reactive oxygen species, especially free radicals, produced during the immune and inflammatory response may play important roles in the development of asthma.We aimed to evaluate the levels of certain oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant capacity in asthma patients with different asthma control levels in comparison to healthy subjects. METHODS A total of 120 adult allergic asthma patients and 120 healthy individuals were included in this study. Using spectrophotometric methods, we analyzed two oxidative stress markers, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PC), as well as reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and catalase activity as critical antioxidant defense parameters in the blood samples of allergic asthma patients and healthy controls. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to asthma control test (ACT) results: totally controlled (TCG), partially controlled (PCG) and uncontrolled (UCG) subgroups. All biomarkers were compared between the three patient subgroups, as well as between total asthma patients and control subjects. RESULTS There were remarkable differences between the control group and the combined patient group for all parameters. A significant increase in MDA and PC, especially in the UCG (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) was detected in comparison to other subgroups. Additionally, increased MDA and PC levels, as well as decreased GSH levels were observed in all subgroups individually in comparison to the control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates the presence of severe oxidative stress, considering the increase in lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, in patients with allergic asthma, even under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Karadogan
- Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sengul Beyaz
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Gelincik
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suna Buyukozturk
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazli Arda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Center for Research and Practice in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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397
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Hidayatik N, Purnomo A, Fikri F, Purnama MTE. Amelioration on oxidative stress, testosterone, and cortisol levels after administration of Vitamins C and E in albino rats with chronic variable stress. Vet World 2021; 14:137-143. [PMID: 33642797 PMCID: PMC7896882 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.137-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Stress can cause physiological and biological disorders in the body. On the other hand, antioxidants from vitamins and minerals are effective for stress treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the administration of Vitamins C and E on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), testosterone, and cortisol activity in albino rats with chronic variable stress (CVS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty albino rats were randomly assigned into four treatment groups: C was administered normal saline; T1 was administered Vitamins C and E; T2 was only induced CVS; and T3 was induced CVS followed by Vitamins C and E administration. All treatments were applied for 4 weeks, respectively. Furthermore, 5 mL of blood samples were collected intracardially. Body weight data were collected for the initial and final weights. From serum samples, SOD, GPx, and CAT were measured using the enzymol method; MDA was measured using the high-performance liquid chromatography method; and testosterone and cortisol were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. All variables were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed by the Duncan test (p<0.05). RESULTS Our findings showed that the T1 and T3 groups significantly decreased (p<0.001) compared to T2 in the following parameters: SOD, MDA, GPx, and cortisol. Meanwhile, CAT and testosterone levels in the T1 and T3 groups were significantly increased (p<0.001) compared to the T2 group. In addition, the weight gain in T1 and T3 groups was significantly increased (p<0.001) compared to T2 group. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the administration of Vitamins C and E had a significant effect to alleviate SOD, MDA, GPx, and cortisol and to improve the testosterone level in albino rats with CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanik Hidayatik
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agus Purnomo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Faisal Fikri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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398
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Ajiboye BO, Oyinloye BE, Onikanni SA, Osukoya OA, Lawal OE, Bamisaye FA. Sterculia tragacantha Lindl Aqueous Leaf Extract Ameliorate Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats via Urotensin II and FABP3 Expressions. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1805-1814. [PMID: 34866110 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sterculia tragacantha (ST) Lindl leaf is commonly used locally in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. This study was aimed at assessing the valuable effects of ST leaf on streptozotocin-diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally to the experimental animals to induce DM, and hence, placed on different doses of ST for 14 days. Thereafter, on the 15th day of the experiment, the animals were euthanized, and a number of cardiomyopathy indices were investigated. The diabetic rats exhibited a momentous increase in hyperlipidemia, lipid peroxidation as well as a significant (p < 0.05) decline in antioxidant enzyme activities. The serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), C-reactive protein (CRP), cardiac troponin I, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and urotensin II expression revealed a significant (p < 0.05) upsurge in diabetic rats. Also, the expression of GLUT4 and fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in diabetic rats. However, at the conclusion of the experimental trial ST significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress biomarkers by augmenting the antioxidant enzyme activities and decrease in lipid peroxidation, ameliorated CK-MB, CRP, cardiac troponin I, TNF-α, and urotensin-II levels, and improved GLUT4 and FABP3 expressions. Similarly, the administration of ST prevented histological alterations in the heart of diabetic animals. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that ST could mitigate DCM in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand
| | - Sunday Amos Onikanni
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University
| | - Olukemi Adetutu Osukoya
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University
| | - Olaolu Ebenezer Lawal
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti
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399
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Bakadia BM, Boni BOO, Ahmed AAQ, Yang G. The impact of oxidative stress damage induced by the environmental stressors on COVID-19. Life Sci 2021; 264:118653. [PMID: 33115606 PMCID: PMC7586125 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a substantial stressor that is greatly impacting environmental sustainability. Besides, the different pre-existing environmental stressors and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-related stressors are further worsening the effects of the viral disease by inducing the generation of oxidative stress. The generated oxidative stress results in nucleic acid damage associated with viral mutations, that could potentially reduce the effectiveness of COVID-19 management, including the vaccine approach. The current review is aimed to overview the impact of the oxidative stress damage induced by various environmental stressors on COVID-19. The available data regarding the COVID-19-related stressors and the effects of oxidative stress damage induced by the chronic stress, exposure to free radicals, and malnutrition are also analyzed to showcase the promising options, which could be investigated further for sustainable control of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianza Moise Bakadia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Biaou Oscar Ode Boni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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400
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Yang Q, Zhang G, Su M, Leung G, Lui H, Zhou P, Wu Y, Zhou J, Xu J, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Vitiligo Skin Biomarkers Associated With Favorable Therapeutic Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613031. [PMID: 33815367 PMCID: PMC8015777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentation skin disease caused by immune-mediated death of melanocytes. The most common treatment for vitiligo is narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy, which often is combined with topical therapies such as tacrolimus. However, patients' responses to these treatments show large variations. To date, the mechanism for this heterogeneity is unknown, and there are no molecular indicators that can predict an individual patient's response to therapy. The goal of this study is to identify clinical parameters and gene expression biomarkers associated with vitiligo response to therapy. Six patients with segmental vitiligo and 30 patients with non-segmental vitiligo underwent transcriptome sequencing of lesional and nonlesional skin at baseline before receiving combined UBUVB and tacrolimus therapy for 6 month, and were separated into good response and bad response groups based on target lesion achieving > 10% repigmentation or not. Our study revealed that treatment-responsive vitiligo lesions had significantly shorter disease duration compared with non-responsive vitiligo lesions (2.5 years vs 11.5 years, p=0.046, t-Test), while showing no significant differences in the age, gender, ethnicity, vitiligo subtype, or disease severity. Transcriptomic analyses identified a panel of 68 genes separating the good response from bad response lesions including upregulation of immune active genes, such as CXCL10, FCRL3, and TCR, Further, compared with vitiligo lesions with long disease duration, the lesions with short duration also have much higher level of expression of immune-active genes, including some (such as FCRL3 and TCR genes) that are associated with favorable therapeutic response. In conclusion, our study has identified clinical parameters such as short disease duration and a panel of immune active and other gene expression biomarkers that are associated with favorable response to immune suppressive NBUVB + tacrolimus therapy. These markers may be useful clinically for individualized therapeutic management of vitiligo patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mingwan Su
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gigi Leung
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Harvey Lui
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pingyu Zhou
- Shanghai Skin Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Joshua Zhou
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Youwen Zhou, ; Jinhua Xu, ; Xuejun Zhang,
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Youwen Zhou, ; Jinhua Xu, ; Xuejun Zhang,
| | - Youwen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Youwen Zhou, ; Jinhua Xu, ; Xuejun Zhang,
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