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Grismer M, Duval-Couetil N, Yi S, Dukes A. Insights from a COVID-era health needs assessment of rural Midwestern Latinos. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39097863 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2024.2385108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Latino health and well-being are crucial to the growth and vibrancy of rural areas across the United States, particularly at a time when the demographics of many rural communities are transitioning from minority Latino to majority Latino populations. This manuscript details the findings of a study that explored the health and healthcare benefit status of 524 Latino households in rural Indiana during the COVID-19 pandemic. Via 20-minute, door-to-door interviews conducted by bilingual researchers, survey participants answered questions about access to healthcare services and benefits, dietary and safety habits, medical issues, and vaccination status. The study found that slightly more than half of those surveyed were enrolled in healthcare benefit plans; approximately a third were unsatisfied with their health/health status; almost two-thirds had not received a flu shot and were eating fast food/processed food on a daily basis. Top health concerns reported included: stress (52%), vision problems (34%), neck and back pain (30%), headaches/migraines (28%), anxiety and depression (28%) and weight problems (26%). The study also discovered that half of the respondents could not identify a primary healthcare provider (PCP) by name and that pregnant women faced a lack of resources for maternal health in the county where the study was conducted. The results indicate that Latinos in rural communities continue to endure significant health issues and barriers to healthcare. The study provides an excellent model of how a rural community can monitor the health of its residents, which can inform health interventions for underserved populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Grismer
- Department of Curriculum & Instruction, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nathalie Duval-Couetil
- Department of Technology Leadership & Innovation, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Soohyun Yi
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Austin Dukes
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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2
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McClure ES, Martin AT, Ranapurwala SI, Nocera M, Cantrell J, Marshall S, Richardson DB. Forty years of struggle in North Carolina: Workplace segregation and fatal occupational injury rates. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:539-550. [PMID: 38606790 PMCID: PMC11081859 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess workplace segregation in fatal occupational injury from 1992 to 2017 in North Carolina. METHODS We calculated occupational fatal injury rates within categories of occupation, industry, race, age, and sex; and estimated expected numbers of fatalities among Black and Hispanic male workers had they experienced the rates of White male workers. We also estimated the contribution of workforce segregation to disparities by estimating the expected number of fatalities among Black and Hispanic male workers had they experienced the industry and occupation patterns of White male workers. We assessed person-years of life-lost, using North Carolina life expectancy estimates. RESULTS Hispanic workers contributed 32% of their worker-years and experienced 58% of their fatalities in construction. Black workers were most overrepresented in the food manufacturing industry. Hispanic males experienced 2.11 (95% CI: 1.86-2.40) times the mortality rate of White males. The Black-White and Hispanic-White disparities were widest among workers aged 45 and older, and segregation into more dangerous industries and occupations played a substantial role in driving disparities. Hispanic workers who suffered occupational fatalities lost a median 47 life-years, compared to 37 among Black workers and 36 among White workers. CONCLUSIONS If Hispanic and Black workers experienced the workplace safety of their White counterparts, fatal injury rates would be substantially reduced. Workforce segregation reflects structural racism, which also contributes to mortality disparities. Root causes must be addressed to eliminate disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. McClure
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - Amelia T. Martin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - Shabbar I. Ranapurwala
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - Maryalice Nocera
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - John Cantrell
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - Stephen Marshall
- Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599
| | - David B. Richardson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 92697
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Fitzsimmons K, Hood M, Grattan K, Laing J, Sparer-Fine E. COVID-19 mortality among Massachusetts workers and the association with telework ability, 2020. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:364-375. [PMID: 38430201 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working outside the home put some workers at risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure and might partly explain elevated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality rates in the first months of the pandemic in certain groups of Massachusetts workers. To further investigate this premise, we examined COVID-19 mortality among Massachusetts workers, with a specific focus on telework ability based on occupation. METHODS COVID-19-associated deaths between January 1 and December 31, 2020 among Massachusetts residents aged 18-64 years were analyzed. Deaths were categorized into occupation-based quadrants (Q) of telework ability. Age-adjusted rates were calculated by key demographics, industry, occupation, and telework quadrant using American Community Survey workforce estimates as denominators. Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals comparing rates for quadrants with workers unlikely able to telework (Q2, Q3, Q4) to that among those likely able to telework (Q1) were calculated. RESULTS The overall age-adjusted COVID-19-associated mortality rate was 26.4 deaths per 100,000 workers. Workers who were male, Black non-Hispanic, Hispanic, born outside the US, and with lower than a high school education level experienced the highest rates among their respective demographic groups. The rate varied by industry, occupation and telework quadrant. RRs comparing Q2, Q3, and Q4 to Q1 were 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.8-1.2), 3.2 (95% CI: 2.6-3.8) and 2.5 (95% CI: 2.0-3.0), respectively. CONCLUSION Findings suggest a positive association between working on-site and COVID-19-associated mortality. Work-related factors likely contributed to COVID-19 among Massachusetts workers and should be considered in future studies of COVID-19 and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Fitzsimmons
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Surveillance Program, Boston, USA
| | - Malena Hood
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Special Analytic Projects, Office of Population Health, Boston, USA
| | - Kathleen Grattan
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Surveillance Program, Boston, USA
| | - James Laing
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Surveillance Program, Boston, USA
| | - Emily Sparer-Fine
- Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Occupational Health Surveillance Program, Boston, USA
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Layne LA, Siordia C. Hired crop worker injury risks on farms in the United States during three different periods between 2002 and 2015. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:224-242. [PMID: 38270234 PMCID: PMC10961608 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hired crop workers have high incidence of work-related injuries, but little has been documented about potential risks at the national level. METHODS Data were obtained from a national probability sample of hired crop workers in the United States (U.S.) during 2002-2004 (period I), 2008-2010 (period II), and 2014-2015 (period III). Multivariable logistic regression models of work-related injury were constructed using an occupational exposure adjustment for weeks worked in the previous year. RESULTS Hired crop workers reporting that their employer did not provide clean drinking water and disposable cups every day were estimated to be at greater odds of injury during all three periods. Having at least some English-speaking ability was associated with increased odds of injury in two periods, while owning a dwelling in the U.S. showed greater injury risk during period II but was associated with lower risk during period III. Other items significantly associated with injury during at least one of the study periods in the final multivariable logistic models included being a direct-hire, a migrant worker, U.S.-born, receiving public aid, and having a health condition. CONCLUSIONS Hired crop workers are an extremely marginalized population of workers in the U.S. Innovative intervention methods must extend beyond traditional occupational models to focus on the overall health of hired crop workers, including increasing healthcare access, ending agricultural exceptionalism to provide equal regulatory protections afforded to workers in other industries, and adequate enforcement of existing regulations. These findings contribute to the understanding of correlates related to increased work-related injury among hired crop workers, and have implications in fields of prevention, intervention, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry A. Layne
- Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Carlos Siordia
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Office of Program Management and Operations, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Beard S, Freeman K, Velasco ML, Boyd W, Chamberlain T, Latoni A, Lasko D, Lunn RM, O'Fallon L, Packenham J, Smarr MM, Arnette R, Cavalier-Keck C, Keck J, Muhammad N, Wilson O, Wilson B, Wilson A, Dixon D. Racism as a public health issue in environmental health disparities and environmental justice: working toward solutions. Environ Health 2024; 23:8. [PMID: 38254105 PMCID: PMC10802013 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental health research in the US has shown that racial and ethnic minorities and members of low-socioeconomic groups, are disproportionately burdened by harmful environmental exposures, in their homes, workplace, and neighborhood environments that impact their overall health and well-being. Systemic racism is a fundamental cause of these disproportionate exposures and associated health effects. To invigorate and inform current efforts on environmental justice and to raise awareness of environmental racism, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) hosted a workshop where community leaders, academic researchers, and NIEHS staff shared perspectives and discussed ways to inform future work to address health disparities. OBJECTIVES To share best practices learned and experienced in partnerships between academic researchers and communities that are addressing environmental racism across the US; and to outline critical needs and future actions for NIEHS, other federal agencies, and anyone who is interested in conducting or funding research that addresses environmental racism and advances health equity for all communities. DISCUSSION Through this workshop with community leaders and researchers funded by NIEHS, we learned that partnerships between academics and communities hold great promise for addressing environmental racism; however, there are still profound obstacles. To overcome these barriers, translation of research into plain language and health-protective interventions is needed. Structural changes are also needed in current funding mechanisms and training programs across federal agencies. We also learned the importance of leveraging advances in technology to develop creative solutions that can protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Beard
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Windy Boyd
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Toccara Chamberlain
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alfonso Latoni
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Denise Lasko
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Mail Drop B3-06 Rall Bldg. 101, Rm. B341, P.O. Box 12233, Durham, North Carolina, 27709, USA
| | - Ruth M Lunn
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Mail Drop B3-06 Rall Bldg. 101, Rm. B341, P.O. Box 12233, Durham, North Carolina, 27709, USA
| | - Liam O'Fallon
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joan Packenham
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melissa M Smarr
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robin Arnette
- Office of Communications and Public Liaison, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jason Keck
- 7 Directions of Service, Mebane, North Carolina, USA
| | - Naeema Muhammad
- North Carolina Environmental Justice Network, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Omega Wilson
- West End Revitalization Association, Mebane, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brenda Wilson
- West End Revitalization Association, Mebane, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ayo Wilson
- West End Revitalization Association, Mebane, North Carolina, USA
| | - Darlene Dixon
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Mail Drop B3-06 Rall Bldg. 101, Rm. B341, P.O. Box 12233, Durham, North Carolina, 27709, USA.
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Çolakoğlu C, Öz CS, Toygar A. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Decent Work Questionnaire and its effect on job satisfaction. Work 2024; 78:1055-1067. [PMID: 38143413 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work to develop a universal tool for the psychological evaluation and measurement of decent work is relatively new. In addition, the Decent Work Questionnaire, which evaluates decent work using a psychological approach, has not yet been adapted and validated in the Turkish sample group. OBJECTIVE To adapt and validate the Turkish version of the Decent Work Questionnaire and to evaluate the effect of decent work on the job satisfaction among knowledge workers. METHODS The study sample consisted of 906 knowledge workers. In the process of adapting and validating the Decent Work Questionnaire, the structural validity, internal consistency, convergent validity, divergent validity, and compatibility of the sample group data were tested. The effect of decent work on job satisfaction of knowledge workers was examined using structural equation modeling. RESULTS The Decent Work Questionnaire was validated in the Turkish sample. The results showed that the reliability coefficients and dimensions of the Decent Work Questionnaire were highly satisfactory and consistent with the scale developers' study. According to another result of the study, decent work was found to have a significant and positive effect on Turkish knowledge workers' job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS This study will fill gaps in the literature and will also contribute to the evaluation of decent work in all areas of the labor market, identifying its shortcomings and contributing to the development of effective human resource policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cavit Çolakoğlu
- Human Resource Management Program, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-7404
| | - C Selek Öz
- Faculty of Political Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6724-7804
| | - A Toygar
- Maritime and Port Management Program, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5548-7248
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Bridges NC, Taber R, Foulds AL, Bear TM, Cloutier RM, McDonough BL, Gordon AJ, Cochran GT, Donohue JM, Adair D, DiDomenico E, Pringle JL, Gellad WF, Kelley D, Cole ES. Medications for opioid use disorder in rural primary care practices: Patient and provider experiences. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 154:209133. [PMID: 37543217 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The opioid epidemic has exacted a significant toll in rural areas, yet adoption of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) lags. The Rural Access to Medication Assisted Treatment in Pennsylvania (RAMP) Project facilitated adoption of MOUD in rural primary care clinics. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the barriers and facilitators operating at multiple levels to access or provide MOUD in rural Pennsylvania. METHODS In total, the study conducted 35 semi-structured interviews with MOUD patients and MOUD providers participating in RAMP. Qualitative analysis incorporated both deductive and inductive approaches. The study team coded interviews and performed thematic analysis. Using a modified social-ecological framework, themes from the qualitative interviews are organized in five nested levels: individual, interpersonal, health care setting, community, and public policy. RESULTS Patients and providers agreed on many barriers (e.g., lack of providers, lack of transportation, insufficient rapport and trust in patient-provider relationship, and cost, etc.); however, their interpretation of the barrier, or indicated solution, diverged in meaningful ways. Patients described their experiences in broad terms pointing to the social determinants of health, as they highlighted their lives outside of the therapeutic encounter in the clinic. Providers focused on their professional roles, responsibilities, and operations within the primary care setting. CONCLUSIONS Providers may want to discuss barriers to treatment related to social determinants of health with patients, and pursue partnerships with organizations that seek to address those barriers. The findings from these interviews point to potential opportunities to enhance patient experience, increase access to and optimize processes for MOUD in rural areas, and reduce stigma against people with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the wider community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora C Bridges
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Rachel Taber
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Abigail L Foulds
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 1218 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Todd M Bear
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Schenley Place, Suite 520, 4420 Bayard Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Renee M Cloutier
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Brianna L McDonough
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Adam J Gordon
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Education, and Advocacy, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N. 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Gerald T Cochran
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Education, and Advocacy, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 N. 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Julie M Donohue
- University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Dale Adair
- Pennsylvania Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA
| | - Ellen DiDomenico
- Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, 625 Forster St., Harrisburg, PA, 17120, USA
| | - Janice L Pringle
- Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Walid F Gellad
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - David Kelley
- Pennsylvania Office of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA
| | - Evan S Cole
- University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, 130 De Soto St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
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Pratt S, Hagan-Haynes K. Applying a Health Equity Lens to Work-Related Motor Vehicle Safety in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6909. [PMID: 37887647 PMCID: PMC10606728 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are the leading cause of fatal work-related injuries in the United States. Research assessing sociodemographic risk disparities for work-related MVCs is limited, yet structural and systemic inequities at work and during commutes likely contribute to disproportionate MVC risk. This paper summarizes the literature on risk disparities for work-related MVCs by sociodemographic and employment characteristics and identifies worker populations that have been largely excluded from previous research. The social-ecological model is used as a framework to identify potential causes of disparities at five levels-individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy. Expanded data collection and analyses of work-related MVCs are needed to understand and reduce disparities for pedestrian workers, workers from historically marginalized communities, workers with overlapping vulnerabilities, and workers not adequately covered by employer policies and safety regulations. In addition, there is a need for more data on commuting-related MVCs in the United States. Inadequate access to transportation, which disproportionately affects marginalized populations, may make travel to and from work less safe and limit individuals' access to employment. Identifying and remedying inequities in work-related MVCs, whether during the day or while commuting, will require the efforts of industry and multiple public sectors, including public health, transportation, and labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Pratt
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Safety Research, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA;
- Strategic Innovative Solutions, LLC, Clearwater, FL 33760, USA
| | - Kyla Hagan-Haynes
- Injury and Violence Prevention Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Western States Division, Denver, CO 80225, USA
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Cuervo I, Fitch A, Stein D, Baron SL. Exploring Mentorship in Union and Non-Union Occupational Safety and Health Training Programs. New Solut 2023; 32:265-276. [PMID: 36721363 PMCID: PMC9941801 DOI: 10.1177/10482911231153676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have explored mentorship's value in occupational safety and health (OSH) training that focuses on worker empowerment in blue-collar occupations. Through a university and union collaboration, we examined mentorship programs as a promising enhancement to ongoing OSH training to foster worker leadership development in organizations focused on worker empowerment. Union-based worker-trainers from 11 large manufacturing facilities across the United States and worker-trainers affiliated with 11 Latinx Worker Centers in the New York City area were interviewed. Rapid Evaluation and Assessment Methods informed study design. The themes that emerged, reflecting the value of mentorship in OSH training, were: characterizing the elements of mentoring, how mentorship can improve OSH training, and recommended practices for designing a program across two different work settings. We conceptualize the goals of mentorship within a broader social ecological framework, that is, to support OSH learning so workers will advocate for broader safety and health changes with credibility and a feeling of empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cuervo
- Barry Commoner Center for Health and the Environment, City
University of New York, Queens College, Flushing, NY, USA,Isabel Cuervo, Barry Commoner Center for
Health and the Environment, City University of New York, Queens College,
Flushing, New York, USA.
| | - Ashlee Fitch
- Tony Mazzocchi Center, United Steelworkers, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Diane Stein
- Tony Mazzocchi Center, United Steelworkers, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sherry L. Baron
- Barry Commoner Center for Health and the Environment, City
University of New York, Queens College, Flushing, NY, USA
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Examining Contextual Influences Affecting health-related Quality of life Among under-resourced Appalachian Patients Attending pop-up Medical Clinics. J Community Health 2023; 48:38-49. [PMID: 36181647 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/06/2022]
Abstract
Appalachian residents face substantial barriers to accessing health care and these barriers have negative ramifications for this community's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) [1, 2]. Pop-up medical clinics address some of these barriers by offering a range of free health care services throughout Appalachia. Although these services are undoubtedly helpful, information on how these clinics may be linked to HRQoL changes among under-resourced communities is limited. The present study is among the first to examine how (1) individuals attending pop-up medical clinics present on HRQoL indicators, (2) how HRQoL changes 3-months post-clinic, and (3) how individual, social, and community factors interact with HRQoL at presentation and change in HRQoL 3-months post-clinic. Data were collected from 243 individuals attending one of seven pop-up medical clinics across Central, South Central, and Southern Appalachia. During the week of the clinic, participants completed a survey assessing individual, social, and community factors as well as HRQoL variables (i.e., overall health, depressive symptoms, pain, sleep quality, and several physical symptoms). Participants completed the same survey 3-months post-clinic. Results revealed that baseline individual, social, and community factors were predictive of HRQoL indicators at baseline; individual and social factors also uniquely predicted change in HRQoL at 3-months post-clinic. Within the Social Ecological Framework, these data emphasize the significance of individual and social level factors on an individual's HRQoL. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Reynolds NR, Baker D, D'Aoust R, Docal M, Goldstein N, Grubb L, Hladek MD, Koirala B, Kverno K, Ling C, Lukkahatai N, McIltrot K, Pandian V, Regier NG, Sloand E, Tomori C, Wenzel J. COVID-19: Implications for Nursing and Health Care in the United States. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:187-201. [PMID: 36583656 PMCID: PMC9847252 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 and other recent infectious disease outbreaks have highlighted the urgency of robust, resilient health systems. We may now have the opportunity to reform the flawed health care system that made COVID-19 far more damaging in the United States (U.S.) than necessary. DESIGN AND METHODS Guided by the World Health Organization (WHO) Health System Building Blocks framework (WHO, 2007) and the socio-ecological model (e.g., McLeroy et al., 1988), we identified challenges in and strengths of the U.S.' handling of the pandemic, lessons learned, and policy implications for more resilient future health care delivery in the U.S. Using the aforementioned frameworks, we identified crucial, intertwined domains that have influenced and been influenced by health care delivery in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic through a review and analysis of the COVID-19 literature and the collective expertise of a panel of research and clinical experts. An iterative process using a modified Delphi technique was used to reach consensus. FINDINGS Four critically important, inter-related domains needing improvement individually, interpersonally, within communities, and for critical public policy reform were identified: Social determinants of health, mental health, communication, and the nursing workforce. CONCLUSIONS The four domains identified in this analysis demonstrate the challenges generated or intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, their dynamic interconnectedness, and the critical importance of health equity to resilient health systems, an effective pandemic response, and better health for all. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The novel coronavirus is unlikely to be the last pandemic in the U.S. and globally. To control COVID-19 and prevent unnecessary suffering and social and economic damage from future pandemics, the U.S. will need to improve its capacity to protect the public's health. Complex problems require multi-level solutions across critical domains. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored four interrelated domains that reveal and compound deep underlying problems in the socioeconomic structure and health care system of the U.S. In so doing, however, the pandemic illuminates the way toward reforms that could improve our ability not only to cope with likely future epidemics but also to better serve the health care needs of the entire population. This article highlights the pressing need for multi-level individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy reforms to improve clinical care and public health outcomes in the current COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics, and offers recommendations to achieve these aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy R. Reynolds
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah Baker
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rita D'Aoust
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Maria Docal
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nancy Goldstein
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa Grubb
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Melissa D. Hladek
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Binu Koirala
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Karan Kverno
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Catherine Ling
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nada Lukkahatai
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kimberly McIltrot
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Vinciya Pandian
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Natalie G. Regier
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Elizabeth Sloand
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Cecília Tomori
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jennifer Wenzel
- Sigma Theta Tau International Nu Beta at‐Large ChapterSchool of NursingJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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12
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van Heijster H, van Berkel J, Boot CR, Abma T, de Vet E. Responsive evaluation: an innovative evaluation methodology for workplace health promotion interventions. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062320. [PMID: 36549731 PMCID: PMC9791441 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions have limited effects on the health of employees with low socioeconomic position (SEP). This paper argues that this limited effectiveness can be partly explained by the methodology applied to evaluate the intervention, often a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Frequently, the desired outcomes of traditional evaluations may not match employees'-and in particular employees with low SEP-needs and lifeworld. Furthermore, traditional evaluation methodologies do not function well in work settings characterised by change resulting from internal and external developments. Objective: In this communication, responsive evaluation is proposed as an alternative approach to evaluating WHP interventions. Responsive evaluation's potential added value for WHP interventions for employees with low SEP in particular is described, as well as how the methodology differs from RCTs. The paper also elaborates on the different scientific philosophies underpinning the two methodologies as this allows researchers to judge the suitability and quality of responsive evaluation in light of the corresponding criteria for good science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke van Heijster
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jantien van Berkel
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science: Public Health, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cécile Rl Boot
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke Abma
- Department of Public Health, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Emely de Vet
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Schulte PA, Delclos GL, Felknor SA, Streit JMK, McDaniel M, Chosewood LC, Newman LS, Bhojani FA, Pana-Cryan R, Swanson NG. Expanding the Focus of Occupational Safety and Health: Lessons from a Series of Linked Scientific Meetings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15381. [PMID: 36430096 PMCID: PMC9690540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is widespread recognition that the world of work is changing, and agreement is growing that the occupational safety and health (OSH) field must change to contribute to the protection of workers now and in the future. Discourse on the evolution of OSH has been active for many decades, but formalized support of an expanded focus for OSH has greatly increased over the past 20 years. Development of approaches such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)'s Total Worker Health® concept and the World Health Organization (WHO)'s Healthy Workplace Framework are concrete examples of how OSH can incorporate a new focus with a wider view. In 2019, NIOSH initiated a multi-year effort to explore an expanded focus for OSH. This paper is a report on the outputs of a three-year cooperative agreement between NIOSH and The University of Texas School of Public Health, which led to subject matter expert workshops in 2020 and an international conference of global interest groups in 2021. This article traces the background of these meetings and identifies and assesses the lessons learned. It also reviews ten thematic topics that emerged from the meetings: worker health inequalities; training new OSH professionals; future OSH research and practice; tools to measure well-being of workers; psychosocial hazards and adverse mental health effects; skilling, upskilling and improving job quality; socioeconomic influences; climate change; COVID-19 pandemic influences; and strategic foresight. Cross-cutting these themes is the need for systems and transdisciplinary thinking and operationalization of the concept of well-being to prepare the OSH field for the work of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Schulte
- Advanced Technologies and Laboratories International, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - George L. Delclos
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah A. Felknor
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Jessica M. K. Streit
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Michelle McDaniel
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L. Casey Chosewood
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Lee S. Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, CU Anschutz, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Rene Pana-Cryan
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | - Naomi G. Swanson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
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14
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Parkinson R, Jessiman-Perreault G, Frenette N, Allen Scott LK. Exploring Multilevel Workplace Tobacco Control Interventions: A Scoping Review. Workplace Health Saf 2022; 70:368-382. [PMID: 35506219 DOI: 10.1177/21650799221081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The workplace provides a unique opportunity to intervene on tobacco use, by implementing multilevel interventions engaging diverse employees. Using the social ecological model (SEM), this scoping review aimed to synthesize descriptions of multilevel workplace tobacco control programs to create a health equity informed framework for intervention planning. METHODS Multiple databases were searched for articles published from January 2010 to December 2020 meeting inclusion criteria (i.e., discussed multilevel tobacco cessation interventions that intervene, target, or incorporate two or more levels of influence, and one of the levels must be the workplace). Articles were screened by two independent researchers and included if they discussed multilevel tobacco cessation interventions that intervened, targeted, or incorporated two or more levels of influence. To integrate the extracted information into the SEM, we utilized the McLeroy et al. model and definitions to describe potential multilevel interventions and their determinants. RESULTS Nine articles were included in this review. No studies intervened across all five levels (individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy), and the most common levels of intervention were individual (e.g., individual counseling), interpersonal (e.g., group therapy), and institutional (e.g., interventions during work hours). Participation rates varied by key social determinants of health (SDOHs) such as age, gender, education and income. Barriers including cost and sustainability influenced successful implementation, while leadership endorsement and accessibility facilitated successful implementation. DISCUSSION/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Multilevel interventions targeting at least two SEM levels may reduce persistent health inequities if they address how SDOHs influence individual health behaviors. Employee characteristics impacted the success of tobacco cessation interventions, but more research is needed to understand the barriers and facilitators related to workplace characteristics.
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15
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Zelnick JR, Abramovitz M, Pirutinsky S. Managerialism: A workforce health hazard in human service settings. Am J Ind Med 2022; 65:669-674. [PMID: 35616341 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assesses the relationship between managerialism and health among human service workers. METHODS A total of 2154 New York City human service workers participated in an electronic survey that included validated measures of a system of work organization (the Organizational Commitment to Managerialism scale [OCTM]) and a work stressor (the Effort Reward Imbalance scale [ERI]), and single items about physical, mental, and behavioral health. Controlling for demographic variables, logistic regression models were used to predict health outcomes assess the potential role of ERI as a mediator. RESULTS Managerialism was associated with increased risk of high blood pressure, neck and back pain, gastrointestinal difficulties, sleeping disorders, anxiety, and depression. Mediation analyses suggested that the effects of managerialism on health were partially explained by ERI. CONCLUSIONS Managerialism in human service agencies significantly increased the risk of adverse physical and mental health. Increased levels of a work stressor helped to explain part of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Zelnick
- Graduate School of Social Work Touro College and University System New York City New York USA
| | - Mimi Abramovitz
- Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College City University of New York New York City New York USA
| | - Steven Pirutinsky
- Graduate School of Social Work Touro College and University System New York City New York USA
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16
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Welter C, Jarpe-Ratner E, Bonney T, Pinsker E, Fisher E, Deb N, Yankelev A, Kapadia D, Love M, Zanoni J. Evaluation Results From the Healthy Work Collaborative: A Cross-Sectoral Capacity Building Partnership to Address Precarious Employment. Health Promot Pract 2022; 23:793-803. [PMID: 35220784 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211069099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has illuminated the profound health and safety risks of precariously employed workers, many of whom are disproportionately Latinx and Black. Precarious employment (PE) is a social determinant of health (SDOH) characterized by low wages, hazardous conditions, unstable work schedules, no termination protection, and few benefits. Even before COVID-19, calls for more effective health promotion efforts to address SDOH like PE existed. PURPOSE The University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Healthy Work, Healthy Communities Through Healthy Work developed the Healthy Work Collaborative (HWC) as an evidence-informed capacity building policy, systems, and environmental change (PSE) initiative. The HWC aimed to facilitate cross-sectoral partnerships between health and labor sector partners. The labor sector provided technical assistance (TA) to participants to improve their ability to address PE through PSE. METHODS This article reports findings from a mixed-methods evaluation using the Kirkpatrick training model including participants' reactions, learning, behavior, and outcomes. A pre-post survey was administered to participants (N = 21) and analyzed descriptively; 3-month post HWC interviews were conducted (N = 13) and thematically analyzed. CONCLUSION Findings included positive results at all Kirkpatrick levels. Participants' reported that the HWC curriculum and delivery was valuable and well received; they demonstrated gains toward addressing PE through PSE knowledge and skills and increased or strengthened health/labor partnerships. In addition, HWC influenced participants' application of HWC concepts, and in a few cases, participants' made changes in policies and plans in their organizational settings. The HWC may serve as a model to address other SDOH through cross-sectoral PSE change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tessa Bonney
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eve Pinsker
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Nandini Deb
- Asian Human Services Family Health Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna Yankelev
- Lake County Health Department and Community Health Center, Waukegan, IL, USA
| | | | - Marsha Love
- University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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van Heijster H, van Berkel J, Boot CRL, Abma T, de Vet E. Stakeholder dialogue on dilemmas at work as a workplace health promotion intervention including employees with a low SEP: a Responsive Evaluation. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:407. [PMID: 35227228 PMCID: PMC8883621 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceived changes of an innovative workplace health promotion intervention and evaluation. In this study, a bottom-up approach was taken to define the central themes and relevant outcomes of an intervention. These central themes and relevant outcomes of the intervention were defined together with stakeholders, including employees with a low socioeconomic position. Methods The intervention consisted of a series of structured stakeholder dialogues in which dilemmas around the – by employees defined —health themes were discussed. The intervention was implemented in a harbor service provider with approximately 400 employees. Over a two-year period, 57 participants engaged in eight dialogues of one hour. 15 interviews and six participant observations took place for the evaluation of the intervention. Results Together with the stakeholders, high workload and mental health were defined as central themes for the dialogue intervention in the male-dominated workplace. The dialogue intervention contributed to changes, on different levels: individual, team, and organization. Overall, the stakeholder dialogues advanced the understanding of factors contributing to high workload and mental health. In reply to this, several actions were taken on a organizational level. Conclusions Taking a bottom-up approach in WHP allows to understand the health issues that are important in the daily reality of employees with a low socioeconomic position. Through this understanding, workplace health promotion can become more suitable and relevant for employees with a low socioeconomic position. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register (NRT): NL8051. Registration date: 28/09/2019, Retrospectively registered https://www.trialregister.nl Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12802-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke van Heijster
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption & Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Jantien van Berkel
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption & Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Cécile R L Boot
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tineke Abma
- Department Public Health, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Emely de Vet
- Department of Social Sciences, Chair Group Consumption & Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, Wageningen, Netherlands
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18
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Stiehl E, Bales S, Jenkins K, Sherman BW. Unique Barriers to Workplace Health Promotion Programs (WHP) by Wage Category: A Qualitative Assessment of Secondary Data. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:843-852. [PMID: 35081750 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211069546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand barriers around accessing or using workplace health promotion (WHP) programs among workers in different wage categories. APPROACH We conducted qualitative analysis of responses to three open-ended questions about WHP program participation, collected as part of an existing WHP program evaluation. SETTING A large mid-western university. PARTICIPANTS Of the 20,000 employees emailed an online survey, 3,212 responded (16.1%). The sample was mostly female (75%), white (79%), and comprised of staff members (84%). The average age was 44 years and 67% had annual incomes <$75,001. METHOD We used NVivo-12 Plus and two coders to apply Grounded Theory on the open-ended questions and identify emergent themes. RESULTS Although most respondents were happy with the program, differences across wage categories emerged around time, financial incentives, commute, workload, and organizational policies/support. Employees at all wage levels were enthusiastic about creating a culture of health but needed different supports to do so. For instance, higher-wage workers needed to overcome self-made time constraints, while lower-wage workers needed supervisor support to overcome coverage constraints that prevented participation. CONCLUSION The unique participation challenges experienced by employees in different wage categories provide justification for WHP programs that can better accommodate the participation barriers of all employees. While some programs may simply require more flexible offerings, others may need to train supervisors to support and foster healthy environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Stiehl
- Health Policy and Administration14681University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | | | - Bruce W Sherman
- Medicine12304Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
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19
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Rosemberg MAS, Granner JR, Li WV, Adams M, Militzer MA. Intervention needs among hotel employees and managers. Work 2022; 71:1063-1071. [PMID: 35253670 PMCID: PMC9275514 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hotel room cleaners are disproportionately exposed to hazards that increase risk for poor health outcomes. Interventions are needed to improve the health of these workers. Yet we know little about the expressed needs of hotel room cleaners nor do we know about managers' perspectives on how to best optimize employee health. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop an understanding of perceived intervention needs among hotel room cleaners and to assess managers' views on the acceptability of the proposed interventions. METHODS We used a community-based approach to recruit study participants. We conducted five focus groups among hotel room cleaners and individual interviews with hotel managers. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS The workers expressed needs centered on pay, workload, appreciation, ergonomics, chemical and biological hazards, nutrition, smoking cessation, exercise, mental health and stress management. In addition to echoing the workers' expressed needs, managers emphasized employee retention and financial literacy. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first paper to include both workers' and managers' accounts on intervention approaches that will optimize health and wellbeing. This paper offers a guide for future program development among hospitality workers. Effective interventions need to be integrated, encompassing the individual, intrapersonal, organizational, and policy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne S. Rosemberg
- Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Wei V. Li
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mackenzie Adams
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria A. Militzer
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health (CRECH), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Address for correspondence: Marie-Anne S. Rosemberg, PhD, Assistant Professor, 400 North Ingalls, Room 3175, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. Tel.: +734 647 0146 (office); Fax: +734 763 0681;
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20
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OUP accepted manuscript. Ann Work Expo Health 2022; 66:838-862. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Sewak A, Deshpande S, Rundle-Thiele S, Zhao F, Anibaldi R. Community perspectives and engagement in sustainable solid waste management (SWM) in Fiji: A socioecological thematic analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113455. [PMID: 34365185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improper waste disposal and low rates of household waste diversion through material and organic waste recycling are a global concern. Understanding community perspectives on solid waste management services, outreach activities, and regulatory measures, and the barriers to sustainable practices, is crucial for designing effective waste management programmes. Longitudinal content analysis of archival data, such as newspapers, is a cost-effective, yet underutilised, research method to identify the viewpoints of diverse civic groups and examine the developments and challenges associated with the waste management sector. This paper investigates divergent stakeholders' perspectives and priorities using the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) to examine the micro-system (intrapersonal and interpersonal), meso- and exo-system (community and institutional), and macro-system (policy level) factors that influence sustainable SWM practices. Using specific keywords, the authors searched online archives of a national newspaper in Fiji with a weekday circulation of over 20,000. Data from 482 newspaper articles, dated 2009-2020, were reviewed and dual-coded by two researchers using QDA Miner Lite. Findings indicate that poor waste management behaviour is linked to all factors within the Socio-Ecological system. While micro-level factors such as negligence, personal responsibility, lack of civic pride, and lack of awareness are causes of anti-environmental behaviour, structural factors such as inadequate waste collection services and recycling infrastructure contribute to low recycling rates. Civic education has been highlighted as a solution to encouraging pro-environmental behaviour (PEB), but there is a need to identify the type of educational tools and the frequency and impact of education workshops. This paper further discusses about the implications of community-based strategies and regulatory measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Sewak
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sameer Deshpande
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sharyn Rundle-Thiele
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Fang Zhao
- Research and Enterprise, Staffordshire Business School, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
| | - Renata Anibaldi
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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22
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Rosemberg MAS, Boutain DM, Hsin-Chun Tsai J. Occupational health research beyond the work setting: inclusive inquiry with ethnic minority and immigrant workers. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2021; 26:1242-1260. [PMID: 31074288 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2019.1612517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethnic minority and immigrant workers comprise a sizable proportion of the low-wage workforce. They are surprisingly understudied despite their workplace prominence. Factors such as workplace policies, structures, worker-related characteristics, and research designs preclude their comprehensive research participation when studies are conducted in work settings. Consequently, ethnic minority and immigrant workers continue to be under-represented in inquiry and simultaneously over-represented with compromising occupational health risks. The purpose of this paper is to provide strategies to promote the inclusion of ethnic minority and immigrant workers in occupational health research. Using three different research-based examples, we illustrate the benefit of conducting occupational health research in non-workplace settings as a way to ensure research representation of ethnic minority and immigrant workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doris M Boutain
- Department of Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jenny Hsin-Chun Tsai
- Department of Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
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23
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Hebert-Beirne J, Felner JK, Berumen T, Gonzalez S, Chrusfield MM, Pratap P, Conroy LM. Community Resident Perceptions of and Experiences with Precarious Work at the Neighborhood Level: The Greater Lawndale Healthy Work Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111101. [PMID: 34769621 PMCID: PMC8582666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Work is a key social determinant of health. Community health and well-being may be impacted in neighborhoods with high proportions of people engaged in precarious work situations compounded by health inequities produced by other social determinants associated with their residential geography. However, little is known about how community residents experience work at the neighborhood level nor how work impacts health at the community-level, particularly in communities with a high proportion of residents engaged in precarious work. We sought to understand, through participatory research strategies, how work is experienced at the community level and to identify community interventions to establish a culture of healthy work. As part of a mixed-methods community health assessment, community researchers conducted focus groups with residents in two high social and economic hardship neighborhoods on Chicago’s southwest side. Community and academic researchers engaged in participatory data analysis and developed and implemented member-checking modules to engage residents in the data interpretation process. Twelve focus group discussions (77 community resident participants) were completed. Three major themes emerged: systematic marginalization from the pathways to healthy work situations; contextual and structural hostility to sustain healthy work; and violations in the rights, agency, and autonomy of resident workers. Findings were triangulated with findings from the concept-mapping research component of the project to inform the development of a community health survey focused on work characteristics and experiences. Listening to residents in communities with a high proportion of residents engaging in precarious work allows for the identification of nuanced community-informed intervention points to begin to build a culture of healthy work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeni Hebert-Beirne
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-312-355-0887
| | - Jennifer K. Felner
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA;
| | - Teresa Berumen
- Center for Health and Social Care Integration, Rush University System for Health, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Sylvia Gonzalez
- Greater Lawndale Healthy Work Project, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | | | - Preethi Pratap
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (P.P.); (L.M.C.)
| | - Lorraine M. Conroy
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (P.P.); (L.M.C.)
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Sorensen G, Peters SE, Nielsen K, Stelson E, Wallace LM, Burke L, Nagler EM, Roodbari H, Karapanos M, Wagner GR. Implementation of an organizational intervention to improve low-wage food service workers' safety, health and wellbeing: findings from the Workplace Organizational Health Study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1869. [PMID: 34656090 PMCID: PMC8520284 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many organizational interventions aim to improve working conditions to promote and protect worker safety, health, and well-being. The Workplace Organizational Health Study used process evaluation to examine factors influencing implementation of an organizational intervention. This paper examines the extent to which the intervention was implemented as planned, the dose of intervention implemented, and ways the organizational context hindered or facilitated the implementation of the intervention. METHODS This proof-of-concept trial was conducted with a large, multinational company that provides food service through contractual arrangements with corporate clients. The 13-month intervention was launched in five intervention sites in October 2018. We report findings on intervention implementation based on process tracking and qualitative data. Qualitative data from 25 post-intervention interviews and 89 process tracking documents were coded and thematically analyzed. RESULTS Over the 13-month intervention, research team representatives met with site managers monthly to provide consultation and technical assistance on safety and ergonomics, work intensity, and job enrichment. Approximately two-thirds of the planned in-person or phone contacts occurred. We tailored the intervention to each site as we learned more about context, work demands, and relationships. The research team additionally met regularly with senior leadership and district managers, who provided corporate resources and guidance. By assessing the context of the food service setting in which the intervention was situated, we explored factors hindering and facilitating the implementation of the intervention. The financial pressures, competing priorities and the fast-paced work environment placed constraints on site managers' availability and limited the full implementation of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Despite strong support from corporate senior leadership, we encountered barriers in the implementation of the planned intervention at the worksite and district levels. These included financial demands that drove work intensity; turnover of site and district managers disrupting continuity in the implementation of the intervention; and staffing constraints that further increased the work load and pace. Findings underscore the need for ongoing commitment and support from both the parent employer and the host client. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was retrospectively registered with the Clinical Trials. Gov Protocol and Results System on June 2, 2021 with assigned registration number NCT04913168 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Glorian Sorensen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Susan E Peters
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Karina Nielsen
- University of Sheffield, Conduit Rd, Sheffield, S10 1FL, UK
| | - Elisabeth Stelson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Lisa Burke
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Eve M Nagler
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hamid Roodbari
- University of Sheffield, Conduit Rd, Sheffield, S10 1FL, UK
| | - Melissa Karapanos
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Gregory R Wagner
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Bonney T, Welter C, Jarpe-Ratner E, Velonis A, Conroy L. Role of technical assistance in U.S. labor and health sector collaboration to address precarious work. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:1095-1104. [PMID: 33351056 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Precarious work has recognized adverse impacts on the health of workers; however, there are few policy, systems and environmental (PSE) change public health interventions that target the causes and consequences of precarious work. To build the capacity of health organizations to develop and implement such interventions, researchers engaged representatives from health organizations in a six-session learning process, entitled the healthy work collaborative. Representatives of labor organizations were engaged as technical assistance (TA) providers, which involved sharing content and skill knowledge with health participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with providers and participants to examine perceptions of the role of TA; providers' motivations for providing TA; and providers' and participants' perceptions of the impact of TA on learning and preparing for subsequent intervention. Results suggest that the provider-participant engagement evolved from one-way knowledge translation to a robust, two-way knowledge exchange with potential for collaborative intervention development and implementation. These results highlight the ways in which this provider-participant model facilitated engagement between representatives from sectors that had not previously worked together and suggests that such a model may be effective in catalyzing multi-level, multi-sectoral PSE change to address precarious work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alisa Velonis
- Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Neshteruk CD, Willis E, Smith F, Vaughn AE, Grummon AH, Vu MB, Ward DS, Linnan L. Implementation of a workplace physical activity intervention in child care: process evaluation results from the Care2BWell trial. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:1430-1440. [PMID: 33864466 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Care2BWell was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Healthy Lifestyles (HL), a worksite health promotion intervention to increase child care workers' physical activity. The purpose of this study was to use process evaluation to describe the implementation of HL and determine if different levels of implementation are associated with changes in workers' physical activity. Data were collected from 250 workers randomized to HL, a 6 month, multilevel intervention that included an educational workshop followed by three 8 week campaigns that included self-monitoring and feedback, raffle incentive, social support, and center director coaching. Process evaluation data collection included direct observation, self-reported evaluation surveys, website analytics and user test account data, tracking databases and semi-structured interviews. Implementation scores were calculated for each intervention component and compared at the center and individual levels. Nearly a third of workers never self-monitored and few (16%) met self-monitoring goals. Only 39% of centers engaged with the social support component as intended. Raffle and social support components were perceived as the least useful. Implementation varied widely by center (25%-76%) and individual workers (0%-94%). No within- or between-group differences for high compared to low implementation groups for change in physical activity were evident. Interview themes included limited sustainability, competing priorities, importance of social support, and desire for a more intensive, personalized intervention. Wide variation in implementation may explain limited effects on intervention outcomes. Future worksite interventions designed for child care workers can use these findings to optimize health promotion in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody D Neshteruk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Erik Willis
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Falon Smith
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amber E Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna H Grummon
- Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maihan B Vu
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dianne S Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Marín LS, Barreto M, Montano M, Sugerman-Brozan J, Goldstein-Gelb M, Punnett L. Workplace Sexual Harassment and Vulnerabilities among Low-Wage Hispanic Women. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 5:391-414. [PMID: 37180821 PMCID: PMC10174265 DOI: 10.1007/s41542-021-00093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Workplace sexual harassment is particularly widespread in industries with many low-wage jobs where Hispanic women are likely to work. This qualitative study examines the experiences of Hispanic women in low-income jobs to identify workplace sexual harassment situations, support seeking actions, barriers to report, and forms of retaliation. A qualitative research design with one-on-one structured interviews provided an in-depth understanding of the experiences of Hispanic women in low-wage jobs regarding workplace sexual harassment situations and potential contributing factors. Second, a conceptual framework is proposed to integrate the reported organizational factors and social vulnerabilities that interact, eroding the individual's ability to cope effectively with workplace sexual harassment. These include organizational resources for preventing and reporting, community and family resources for support, and health effects attributed to sexual harassment. Workplace sexual harassment was described by participants as escalating over time from dating invitations, sex-related comments, unwanted physical contact to explicit sexual propositions. Temporary workers reported being very often subject to explicit quid pro quo propositions. While these patterns might not differ from those reported by other groups, work organization factors overlap with individual and social characteristics of Hispanic women in low-income jobs revealing a complicated picture that requires a systems approach to achieve meaningful change for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz S. Marín
- Department of Safety Sciences, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 1010 Oakland Avenue, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Milagros Barreto
- Massachusetts Coalition for Occupational Safety and Health (MassCOSH), Dorchester, MA, USA
| | - Mirna Montano
- Massachusetts Coalition for Occupational Safety and Health (MassCOSH), Dorchester, MA, USA
| | - Jodi Sugerman-Brozan
- Massachusetts Coalition for Occupational Safety and Health (MassCOSH), Dorchester, MA, USA
| | - Marcy Goldstein-Gelb
- National Coalition for Occupational Safety and Health (COSH), Somerville, MA, USA
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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Kennedy W, Fruin R, Lue A, Logan SW. Using Ecological Models of Health Behavior to Promote Health Care Access and Physical Activity Engagement for Persons With Disabilities. J Patient Exp 2021; 8:23743735211034031. [PMID: 34350340 PMCID: PMC8295941 DOI: 10.1177/23743735211034031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Winston Kennedy
- Oregon State University College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Robert Fruin
- Oregon State University College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Abigail Lue
- Oregon State University College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Samuel W Logan
- Oregon State University College of Public Health & Human Sciences, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Mbah M, Bang H, Ndi H, Ndzo JA. Community Health Education for Health Crisis Management: The Case of COVID-19 in Cameroon. INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH EDUCATION 2021:272684X211031106. [PMID: 34264140 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211031106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led Cameroon's government to implement public health measures aimed at preventing its spread. This paper investigates how community health education on the virus was being carried out, what gaps exist and what further action could be taken. A survey instrument was used to gather data among a total of 179 Cameroonians recruited via opportunistic and snowball sampling methods. According to our findings, gaps exist. These include the need for adequate community health education on COVID-19, maximising multilingualism and indigenous cultural assets and disbanding misconceptions on the pandemic, as well as stigmatisation. The paper culminates by underlining the significance of an integrated approach to confront the pandemic. This approach captures the need to frame but also firm up community health education architecture on COVID-19 that captures inputs from different stakeholders, including indigenous knowledge holders, for collective wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henry Bang
- Centre for Disaster Management, Bournemouth University, UK
| | - Humphrey Ndi
- Department of Geography, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
| | - Judwin Alieh Ndzo
- Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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Thanapop C, Thanapop S, Keam-Kan S. Health Status and Occupational Health and Safety Access among Informal Workers in the Rural Community, Southern Thailand. J Prim Care Community Health 2021; 12:21501327211015884. [PMID: 33993807 PMCID: PMC8127795 DOI: 10.1177/21501327211015884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Thailands’ informal workers are faced with job insecurity and poor working conditions. Good health status can promote lifelong working and increase quality of life. This study analyzed factors associated with the health status of the community informal workers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 390 informal workers aged 15 to 59 years in Thasala district, Nakhon Si Thammarat, southern Thailand. A multi-stage sampling method using proportional to size selection was employed in various types of informal workers. The interviews on self-reported health status, health behaviors, occupational hazards, healthcare utilization, occupational health and safety (OHS) access are reported as descriptive. The multivariate association was explored using the simple logistic regression. Findings The results revealed that 80.77% of the participants had good health, 57.44% had healthy behavior, 76.41% had safe work practices, 22.05% had moderate to high exposed of occupational hazards, and 56.41% had the low OHS access. Safe work practices, moderate to high OHS access, low exposed to occupational hazards, and low income were more likely to produce good health status, which yielded the adj. OR 2.57, 1.86, 0.39, and 0.48, respectively. Conclusions The community informal workers health status was associated by income, work practices, occupational hazards, and OHS access. To strengthening the informal workers’ health, the OHS program should be managed intensively by the primary care services, especially the OHS risk management.
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Klos LS, Giordano FB, Stoffregen SA, Azuma MC, Lee J. It may cost an arm and a leg: workers value and occupational fatality rates in the U.S. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1133. [PMID: 34120617 PMCID: PMC8201718 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aims to observe how societal indicators of workers' values at the state-level are related to health and safety outcomes, particularly major injuries and fatalities in the U.S. Underscoring workforce flexibility and workability over workforce stability and safety might be indicative of the worth of workers which can be associated with occupational safety and health concerns. METHODS Linear regression analysis with a log-transformed dependent variable was adopted to examine how the state-level indicators of worker value in terms of 1) minimum wage, using data from 2015; 2) average of workers' compensations for the loss of an arm, hand, leg, or foot in 2015 were concurrently and prospectively associated with occupational fatality rates averaged across 2015, 2016 and 2017. Socioeconomic contextual variables such as education level, GDP per capita, and population at the state-level were controlled for. RESULTS The present study showed that state-level quantitative indicators of how workers are valued at work, namely minimum wage and workers' compensation benefits, were significantly and negatively associated with fatality rates in the following year. CONCLUSIONS The present study illustrates the gap in how workers are valued across the U.S. The study speaks to the importance of contextual factors regarding worker value, as they can affect outcomes of health and safety culminating at a state-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah S Klos
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, 1114 Mid-Campus Dr, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA.
| | - Frank B Giordano
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, 1114 Mid-Campus Dr, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA
| | - Stacy A Stoffregen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, 1114 Mid-Campus Dr, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA
| | - Miki C Azuma
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, 1114 Mid-Campus Dr, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA
| | - Jin Lee
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, 1114 Mid-Campus Dr, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA.
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van Zyl C, Badenhorst M, Hanekom S, Heine M. Unravelling 'low-resource settings': a systematic scoping review with qualitative content analysis. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:e005190. [PMID: 34083239 PMCID: PMC8183220 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of healthcare-related inequalities are most evident in low-resource settings. Such settings are often not explicitly defined, and umbrella terms which are easier to operationalise, such as 'low-to-middle-income countries' or 'developing countries', are often used. Without a deeper understanding of context, such proxies are pregnant with assumptions, insinuate homogeneity that is unsupported and hamper knowledge translation between settings. METHODS A systematic scoping review was undertaken to start unravelling the term 'low-resource setting'. PubMed, Africa-Wide, Web of Science and Scopus were searched (24 June 2019), dating back ≤5 years, using terms related to 'low-resource setting' and 'rehabilitation'. Rehabilitation was chosen as a methodological vehicle due to its holistic nature (eg, multidisciplinary, relevance across burden of disease, and throughout continuum of care) and expertise within the research team. Qualitative content analysis through an inductive approach was used. RESULTS A total of 410 codes were derived from 48 unique articles within the field of rehabilitation, grouped into 63 content categories, and identified nine major themes relating to the term 'low-resource setting'. Themes that emerged relate to (1) financial pressure, (2) suboptimal healthcare service delivery, (3) underdeveloped infrastructure, (4) paucity of knowledge, (5) research challenges and considerations, (6) restricted social resources, (7) geographical and environmental factors, (8) human resource limitations and (9) the influence of beliefs and practices. CONCLUSION The emerging themes may assist with (1) the groundwork needed to unravel 'low-resource settings' in health-related research, (2) moving away from assumptive umbrella terms like 'low-to-middle-income countries' or 'low/middle-income countries' and (3) promoting effective knowledge transfer between settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanel van Zyl
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marelise Badenhorst
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Susan Hanekom
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martin Heine
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
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Ingram M, Wolf AMA, López-Gálvez NI, Griffin SC, Beamer PI. Proposing a social ecological approach to address disparities in occupational exposures and health for low-wage and minority workers employed in small businesses. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:404-411. [PMID: 33774651 PMCID: PMC8003897 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Occupational disease and injuries are the 8th leading cause of death in the United States. Low-wage and minority workers are more likely to work in hazardous industries and are thus at greater risk. Within the small business sector, in particular, the health of low-wage and minority workers is threatened by a multitude of complex and interrelated factors that increase their risk for injuries, death, and even chronic disease. The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified these concerns, as many low-wage and minority workers are essential workers, and many small businesses are reopening with little to no guidance. The article describes work-related health risks and reviews current research on occupational and social ecological approaches to improving the health of minority and low-wage workers primarily employed by small businesses. We propose a conceptual framework that integrates the social ecological model with the hierarchy of controls to address work-related health among low-wage and minority workers specifically in the small business sector. Community-based strategies are recommended to engage small business owners and workers in efforts to address their immediate needs, while building towards sustainable policy change over time. These strategies are of particular importance as small businesses reopen in the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Ingram
- College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Paloma I Beamer
- College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Ensuring Organization-Intervention Fit for a Participatory Organizational Intervention to Improve Food Service Workers' Health and Wellbeing: Workplace Organizational Health Study. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 62:e33-e45. [PMID: 31815814 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food-service workers' health and wellbeing is impacted by their jobs and work environments. Formative research methods were used to explore working conditions impacting workers' health to inform intervention planning and implementation and to enhance the intervention's "fit" to the organization. METHODS Four qualitative methods (worker focus groups; manager interviews; worksite observations; multi-stakeholder workshop) explored in-depth and then prioritized working conditions impacting workers' health as targets for an intervention. RESULTS Prioritized working conditions included: ergonomics; work intensity; career development; and job enrichment. Data revealed necessary intervention mechanisms to enhance intervention implementation: worker and management communication infrastructure; employee participation in intervention planning and implementation; tailored worksite strategies; and ensuring leadership commitment. CONCLUSIONS These targeted, comprehensive methods move away from a typical focus on generic working conditions, for example, job demands and physical work environment, to explore those conditions unique to an organization. Thereby, enhancing "intervention-fit" at multiple levels within the company context.
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Biswas A, Begum M, Van Eerd D, Smith PM, Gignac MAM. Organizational Perspectives on How to Successfully Integrate Health Promotion Activities into Occupational Health and Safety. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:270-284. [PMID: 33769396 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing recognition of the value of integrating efforts to promote worker health with existing occupational health and safety activities. This paper aimed to identify facilitators, barriers and recommendations for implementing integrated worker health approaches. METHODS Thirteen stakeholders from different job sectors participated in a workshop that targeted key issues underlying integrated worker health approaches in their own and other organizations. Included were participants from human resources, occupational health and safety, government, and unions. Thematic analysis and an online ranking exercise identified recommendation priorities and contributed to a conceptual framework. RESULTS Participants highlighted the importance of planning phases in addition to implementation and evaluation. Themes highlighted organizational priorities, leadership buy-in, external pressures, training, program promotion and evaluation metrics. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide practical directions for integrating worker health promotion and safety and implementation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviroop Biswas
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Biswas, Begum, Van Eerd, Smith, Gignac); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Biswas, Smith, Gignac); Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Smith)
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Agbaje OS, Arua CK, Umeifekwem JE, Umoke PCI, Igbokwe CC, Iwuagwu TE, Iweama CN, Ozoemena EL, Obande-Ogbuinya EN. Workplace gender-based violence and associated factors among university women in Enugu, South-East Nigeria: an institutional-based cross-sectional study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2021; 21:124. [PMID: 33757498 PMCID: PMC7988966 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure to workplace gender-based violence (GBV) can affect women's mental and physical health and work productivity in higher educational settings. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of GBV (workplace incivility, bullying, sexual harassment), and associated factors among Nigerian university women. Methods The study was an institutional-based cross-sectional survey. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 339 female staff from public and private universities in Enugu, south-east Nigeria. Data was collected using the Workplace Incivility Scale (WIS), Modified Workplace Incivility Scale (MWIS), Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R), and Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, Pearson’s Chi-square test, univariate ANOVA, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted at 0.05 level of significance. Results The prevalence of workplace incivility, bullying, and sexual harassment (SH) was 63.8%, 53.5%, and 40.5%. The 12-month experience of the supervisor, coworker, and instigated incivilities was 67.4%, 58.8%, and 52.8%, respectively. Also, 47.5% of the participants initiated personal bullying, 62.5% experienced work-related bullying, and 42.2% experienced physical bullying. The 12-month experience of gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion were 36.5%, 25.6%, and 26.6%, respectively. Being aged 35–49 years (AOR 0.15; 95% CI (0.06, 0.40), and ≥ 50 years (AOR 0.04; 95% CI (0.01, 0.14) were associated with workplace incivility among female staff. Having a temporary appointment (AOR 7.79, 95% CI (2.26, 26.91) and casual/contract employment status (AOR 29.93, 95% CI (4.57, 192.2) were reported to be associated with workplace bullying. Having a doctoral degree (AOR 3.57, 95% CI (1.24, 10.34), temporary appointment (AOR 91.26, 95% CI (14.27, 583.4) and casual/contract employment status (AOR 73.81, 95% CI (7.26, 750.78) were associated with workplace SH. Conclusions The prevalence of GBV was high. There is an urgent need for workplace interventions to eliminate different forms of GBV and address associated factors to reduce the adverse mental, physical, and social health outcomes among university women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-021-01273-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaoluwa Samson Agbaje
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chinenye Kalu Arua
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Emeka Umeifekwem
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - Chima Charles Igbokwe
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Tochi Emmanuel Iwuagwu
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Cylia Nkechi Iweama
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Eyuche Lawretta Ozoemena
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Edith N Obande-Ogbuinya
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Faculty of Education, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Lee AA, Ingram M, Quijada C, Yubeta A, Cortez I, Lothrop N, Beamer P. Responsibility for chemical exposures: perspectives from small beauty salons and auto shops in southern metropolitan Tucson. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:271. [PMID: 33530969 PMCID: PMC7851808 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Throughout the United States, low-wage, minority workers are disproportionately affected by occupational illnesses and injuries. Chronic exposure to hazardous chemicals at work can lead to serious illnesses, contributing to health inequities. In this article, we expand on theories of ‘responsibilization’ in an occupational health context to reveal how responsibilities for workplace chemical exposures are negotiated by workers and owners in Latinx-owned small businesses. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with a total of 22 workers and owners in auto repair shops and beauty salons – two high-risk industries – in Southern Metropolitan Tucson. Participants were asked about their insights into workplace chemical exposures and health. A qualitative analysis team with representation from all study partner organizations collectively coded and reviewed the interview data in QSR International’s NVivo 11 and identified overarching themes across the interviews. Results We identified three primary themes: 1) ambivalence toward risks in the workplace; 2) shifting responsibilities for exposure protection at work; and 3) reflections on the system behind chemical exposure risks. Participants discussed the complexities that small businesses face in reducing chemical exposures. Conclusions Through our analysis of the interviews, we examine how neoliberal occupational and environmental policies funnel responsibility for controlling chemical exposures down to individuals in small businesses with limited resources, obscuring the power structures that maintain environmental health injustices. We conclude with a call for upstream policy changes that more effectively regulate and hold accountable the manufacturers of chemical products used daily by small business workers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10336-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A Lee
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. .,School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Maia Ingram
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Carolina Quijada
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Imelda Cortez
- Sonora Environmental Research Institute, Inc., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nathan Lothrop
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Paloma Beamer
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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The effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs on self-perceived health of employees with a low socioeconomic position: An individual participant data meta-analysis. SSM Popul Health 2021; 13:100743. [PMID: 33604445 PMCID: PMC7873680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether workplace health promotion programs improve self-perceived health of employees with a low socioeconomic position (SEP), and whether differential effects exist between individuals with a low SEP for gender, marital status or age. Individual participant data from six Dutch intervention studies aiming at promoting healthy behavior and preventing obesity in the work setting, with a total of 1906 participants, were used. The overall intervention effect and interaction effects for gender, marital status and age were evaluated using two-stage meta-analyses with linear mixed regression models. In the first stage effect sizes of each study were estimated, which were pooled in the second stage. Compared to control conditions, workplace health promotion programs did not show an overall improvement in self-perceived health of employees with a low SEP (β0.03 (95%CI: −0.03 to 0.09)). Effects did not differ across gender, marital status and age. Future research could be focused on the determinants of self-perceived health next to health behavior to improve the health of employees with a low SEP.
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Relationship between Negative Work Situation, Work-Family Conflict, Sleep-Related Problems, and Job Dissatisfaction in the Truck Drivers. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12198114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between psychological factors of truck drivers is very important for accident prevention plans. This study investigates whether the negative work situation or work-family conflict positively affects sleep-related problems and whether sleep-related problems positively affect job dissatisfaction. The relationship was verified by structural equation modeling. The analysis was conducted with 184 truck drivers who drive daily from the 5th Korea Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) data. The structural equation modeling results found that work-family conflict (standardized path coefficient = 0.274) and negative work situation (standardized path coefficient = 0.203) had significantly affected sleep-related problems. Also, the sleep-related problems were more affected by the work-family conflict level than the negative work situation level. Sleep-related problems were found to correlate with job dissatisfaction (standardized path coefficient = 0.336). The relationship between negative work situation and work-family conflict on sleep-related problems and job dissatisfaction will help establish preventive policies for truck drivers’ safety and health.
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Jaegers LA, Ahmad SO, Scheetz G, Bixler E, Nadimpalli S, Barnidge E, Katz IM, Vaughn MG, Matthieu MM. Total Worker Health ® Needs Assessment to Identify Workplace Mental Health Interventions in Rural and Urban Jails. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7403205020p1-7403205020p12. [PMID: 32365308 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2019.036400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Jail officers are an underserved population of public safety workers at high risk for developing chronic mental health conditions. OBJECTIVE In response to national calls for the examination of stressors related to the unique work contexts of correctional facilities, we implemented a pilot study informed by the Total Worker Health® (TWH) strategy at two urban and two rural jails. DESIGN Participatory teams guided areas of interest for a mixed-data needs assessment, including surveys with 320 jail officers to inform focus groups (N = 40). SETTING Urban and rural jails in the midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS Jail correctional officers and sheriff's deputies employed at participating jails. MEASURES We measured mental health characteristics using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Mental Health scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, and the two-item Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist. Constructs to identify workplace characteristics included emotional support, work-family conflict, dangerousness, health climate, organizational operations, effectiveness of training, quality of supervision, and organizational fairness. RESULTS On the basis of general population estimates, we found that jail officers were at higher risk for mental health disorders, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Jail officers identified workplace health interventions to address individual-, interpersonal-, institutional-, and community-level needs. CONCLUSION Implementation of a TWH needs assessment in urban and rural jails to identify evidence-informed, multilevel interventions was found to be feasible. Using this assessment, we identified specific workplace health protection and promotion solutions. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS Results from this study support the profession's vision to influence policies, environments, and systems through collaborative work. This TWH study has implications for practice and research by addressing mental health needs among jail officers and by providing practical applications to create evidence-informed, tailored interventions to promote workplace health in rural and urban jails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Jaegers
- Lisa A. Jaegers, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences, and School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO;
| | - Syed Omar Ahmad
- Syed Omar Ahmad, PhD, OTD, is Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gregory Scheetz
- Gregory Scheetz, MSW, LCSW, is Clinical Social Worker, UCLA Health, Los Angeles. At the time of the study, he was Student, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Emily Bixler
- Emily Bixler, MPH, CPH, ATC, is Research Associate, National Safety Council, Itasca, IL. At the time of the study, she was Student, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Department of Biosecurity, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Saketh Nadimpalli
- Saketh Nadimpalli, MPH, is Regulatory Affairs Manager, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. At the time of the study, he was Student, Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ellen Barnidge
- Ellen Barnidge, PhD, MPH, is Associate Professor, Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ian M Katz
- Ian M. Katz, MS, is Doctoral Student, Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- Michael G. Vaughn, PhD, is Professor, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Monica M Matthieu
- Monica M. Matthieu, PhD, LCSW, is Associate Professor, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
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Certified Nursing Assistants’ Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing and Using Worksite Health Promotion Programs. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:943-952. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Fetherman DL, McGrane TG, Cebrick-Grossman J. Health Promotion for Small Workplaces: A Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership. Workplace Health Saf 2020; 69:7-14. [PMID: 32812843 DOI: 10.1177/2165079920938298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of U.S. worksites are smaller worksites that often employ low-wage workers. Low-wage workers have limited access to, and participation in, workplace health promotion programs. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been identified as a key method to directly engage employers in identifying the health promotion needs of smaller workplaces. This article describes a four-phased process where CBPR was used to tailor a workplace health promotion program to meet the needs of a smaller workplace that employees low-wage workers. Outcomes of this program were measured and reported over time. METHODS The CBPR approach was based on the Social Ecological Model along with two additional health promotion models. Publicly available evidence-based tools were also used for this four-phased process which included the following: (a) initial program assessment, (b) program planning, (c) program implementation, and (d) program evaluation. Key strategies for developing a comprehensive workplace health promotion program guided the process. FINDINGS The workplace's capacity for promoting health among its employees was improved. There were sustainable improvements in the health interventions and organizational supports in place. CONCLUSION/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE A CBPR approach may be a way to build the capacity of smaller workplaces with low-wage employees to address the health promotion needs of their workforces. The use of publicly available strategies and tools which incorporate the social ecological determinants of health is of equal importance.
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Brown MC, Harris JR, Hammerback K, Kohn MJ, Parrish AT, Chan GK, Ornelas IJ, Helfrich CD, Hannon PA. Development of a Wellness Committee Implementation Index for Workplace Health Promotion Programs in Small Businesses. Am J Health Promot 2020; 34:614-621. [PMID: 32077300 PMCID: PMC7305966 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120906967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To construct a wellness committee (WC) implementation index and determine whether this index was associated with evidence-based intervention implementation in a workplace health promotion program. DESIGN Secondary data analysis of the HealthLinks randomized controlled trial. SETTING Small businesses assigned to the HealthLinks plus WC study arm. SAMPLE Small businesses (20-200 employees, n = 23) from 6 low-wage industries in King County, Washington. MEASURES Wellness committee implementation index (0%-100%) and evidence-based intervention implementation (0%-100%). ANALYSIS We used descriptive and bivariate statistics to describe worksites' organizational characteristics. For the primary analyses, we used generalized estimating equations with robust standard errors to assess the association between WC implementation index and evidence-based intervention implementation over time. RESULTS Average WC implementation index scores were 60% at 15 months and 38% at 24 months. Evidence-based intervention scores among worksites with WCs were 27% points higher at 15 months (64% vs 37%, P < .001) and 36% points higher at 24 months (55% vs 18%, P < .001). Higher WC implementation index scores were positively associated with evidence-based intervention implementation scores over time (P < .001). CONCLUSION Wellness committees may play an essential role in supporting evidence-based intervention implementation among small businesses. Furthermore, the degree to which these WCs are engaged and have leadership support, a set plan or goals, and multilevel participation may influence evidence-based intervention implementation and maintenance over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan C. Brown
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Harris
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristen Hammerback
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marlana J. Kohn
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda T. Parrish
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gary K. Chan
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - India J. Ornelas
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christian D. Helfrich
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peggy A. Hannon
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Vaughn AE, Willis EA, Ward DS, Smith F, Grummon A, Linnan LA. Workplace-based opportunities to support child care workers' health and safety. Prev Med Rep 2020; 19:101154. [PMID: 32714774 PMCID: PMC7369321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Child care workers earn among the lowest wages in the United States and they struggle with many health issues. The purpose of this study was to describe workplace supports for nutrition, physical activity, other health behaviors (e.g., smoking cessation, stress management), and occupational health and safety available to child care workers, and thereby inform the development of future workplace-based interventions to improve worker well-being. Between 2015 and 2016, 74 North Carolina child care centers (and directors), participating in a larger randomized controlled trial, completed a Workplace Health and Safety Assessment (interview and observation) measuring four domains: Infrastructure, Organizational Policies and Procedures, Programs and Promotions, and Internal Physical Environment. This study used baseline data to report means and standard deviations. Participating child care centers employed, on average, 12.7 ± 8.4 employees. Total scores from the Workplace Health and Safety Assessment averaged 41.3 ± 12.6 out of a possible 154, demonstrating many missed opportunities for supporting health/safety. More specifically, centers scored on average 9.5 ± 3.9 on Infrastructure (35% of potential points), 11.1 ± 3.9 on Organizational Policies and Procedures (32% of potential), 7.6 ± 5.4 on Programs and Promotions (12% of potential), and 13.1 ± 2.2 on Internal Physical Environment (49% of potential). The most frequent supports available were for occupational health and safety issues, while fewer supports were available for physical activity and other health behaviors. Child care workers could benefit greatly from more comprehensive workplace health and safety interventions; however, strategies must overcome centers' limited capacity and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber E Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., CB 7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA
| | - Erik A Willis
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., CB 7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA
| | - Dianne S Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., CB 7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2202 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA
| | - Falon Smith
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., CB 7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA
| | - Anna Grummon
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin L. King Jr. Blvd., CB 7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7426, USA.,Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 307 Rosenau Hall, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA
| | - Laura A Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 307 Rosenau Hall, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, USA
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Linnan LA, Vaughn AE, Smith FT, Westgate P, Hales D, Arandia G, Neshteruk C, Willis E, Ward DS. Results of caring and reaching for health (CARE): a cluster-randomized controlled trial assessing a worksite wellness intervention for child care staff. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:64. [PMID: 32414381 PMCID: PMC7227251 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00968-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child care workers are among the lowest paid US workers and experience a wide array of health concerns. The physical and mental demands of their job and the lack of employer-provided health-insurance increase health risks. The Caring and Reaching for Health (CARE) study evaluated a 6-month Healthy Lifestyles intervention targeting child care workers' physical activity (primary outcome), other health behaviors, and their workplace health environment. METHODS Eligible child care centers, defined as being in operation for at least 2 years and employing at least four staff, were enrolled into CARE's cluster-randomized trial. Centers and their child care staff were randomly assigned to either the Healthy Lifestyles (HL) intervention arm or the Healthy Finances (HF) attention control arm using a block randomization approach. Intervention components were delivered through in-person workshops, center-level displays, informational magazines, director coaching, electronic messaging, and an interactive website. Outcome measures were collected during center visits at baseline and immediately post-intervention by trained data collectors blinded to center arm assignment. Workers' physical activity was assessed with accelerometers, worn for 7 days. Secondary outcome measures included biometric assessments of health and fitness, web-based surveys about health behaviors, and an environmental audit of workplace supports for health. Multi-level linear mixed models assessed worker- and center-level changes in these outcomes. RESULTS Participants included 553 child care workers representing 56 centers (HL = 250 staff/28 centers, HF = 303 staff/28 centers). At 6 months, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity declined slightly in both arms (- 1.3 min/day, 95% CI: - 3.0, 0.3 in HL; - 1.9 min/day, 95% CI: - 3.3, - 0.5 in HF), but there was no significant group by time interaction. Several secondary outcomes for other health behaviors and workplace health environment showed improvements in favor of the intervention arm, yet differences did not remain statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS While the Healthy Lifestyles intervention did not improve health behaviors or the workplace health environment, results confirmed the pressing need to focus on the health of child care workers. Future interventions should focus on prevalent health issues (e.g., weight, stress), include both high-tech and high-touch intervention strategies, and address work conditions or other social determinants of health (e.g. wages) as a means of improving the health of these essential workers. TRIAL REGISTRATION Care2BWell: Worksite Wellness for Child Care (NCT02381938).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Linnan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7440, USA.
| | - Amber E Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Falon T Smith
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip Westgate
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Heath, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Derek Hales
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gabriela Arandia
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7440, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-7440, USA
| | - Cody Neshteruk
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erik Willis
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dianne S Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Tabak RG, Strickland JR, Kirk B, Colvin R, Stein RI, Dart H, Colditz GA, Dale AM, Evanoff BA. Pilot test of an interactive obesity treatment approach among employed adults in a university medical billing office. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:57. [PMID: 32355567 PMCID: PMC7187490 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00599-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a need for workplace programs promoting healthy eating and activity that reach low-wage employees and are scalable beyond the study site. Interventions designed with dissemination in mind aim to utilize minimal resources and to fit within existing systems. Technology-based interventions have the potential to promote healthy behaviors and to be sustainable as well as scalable. We developed an interactive obesity treatment approach (iOTA), to be delivered by SMS text messaging, and therefore accessible to a broad population. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate participant engagement with, and acceptability of, this iOTA to promote healthy eating and activity behaviors among low-wage workers with obesity. Methods Twenty participants (self-reporting body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) of a single workgroup employed by a university medical practice billing office had access to the full intervention and study measures and provided feedback on the experience. Height and weight were measured by trained research staff at baseline. Each participant was offered a quarterly session with a health coach. Measured weight and a self-administered survey, including dietary and activity behaviors, were also collected at baseline, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Participant engagement was assessed through responsiveness to iOTA SMS text messages throughout the 24-month pilot. A survey measure was used to assess satisfaction with iOTA at 3 months. Due to the small sample size and pilot nature of the current study, we conducted descriptive analyses. Engagement, weight change, and duration remaining in coaching are presented individually for each study participant. Results The pilot was originally intended to last 3 months, but nearly all participants requested to continue; we thus continued for 24 months. Most (14/20) participants remained in coaching for 24 months. At the 3-month follow-up, eight (47%) of the remaining 17 participants had lost weight; by 24 months, five (36%) of the remaining 14 participants had lost weight (one had bariatric surgery). Participants reported very high satisfaction. Conclusions This pilot provides important preliminary results on acceptability and participant engagement with iOTA, which has significant potential for dissemination and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G Tabak
- 1The Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Jaime R Strickland
- 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Bridget Kirk
- 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Ryan Colvin
- 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Richard I Stein
- 3Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8031, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Hank Dart
- 4Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8100, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Graham A Colditz
- 5Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8100, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Ann Marie Dale
- 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Bradley A Evanoff
- 2Department of Medicine, Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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Courses on Basic Occupational Safety and Health: A Train-the-Trainer Educational Program for Rural Areas of Latin America. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17061842. [PMID: 32178363 PMCID: PMC7143534 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Integrating basic occupational health services into primary care is encouraged by the Pan American Health Organization. However, concrete initiatives are still scarce. We aimed to develop a training program focusing on prevention of occupational risks for primary healthcare professionals. This train-the-trainer program was piloted at four universities in Chile and Peru. Occupational health or primary healthcare lecturers formed a team with representative(s) of one rural primary healthcare center connected to their university (Nparticipants = 15). Training started with a workshop on participatory diagnosis of working conditions. Once teams had conducted the participatory diagnosis in the rural communities, they designed in a second course an active teaching intervention. The intervention was targeted at the main occupational health problem of the community. After implementation of the intervention, teams evaluated the program. Evaluation results were very positive with an overall score of 9.7 out of 10. Teams reported that the methodology enabled them to visualize hazardous working conditions. They also stated that the training improved their abilities for problem analysis and preventive actions. Aspects like time constraints and difficult geographical access were mentioned as challenges. In summary, addressing occupational health in primary care through targeted training modules is feasible, but long-term health outcomes need to be evaluated.
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Responsive evaluation of stakeholder dialogue as a worksite health promotion intervention to contribute to the reduction of SEP related health inequalities: a study protocol. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:196. [PMID: 32164716 PMCID: PMC7068920 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-5020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large health inequalities exist in the Netherlands among individuals with a high compared to a low socioeconomic position. Worksite health promotion interventions are considered promising to reduce these inequalities, however, current interventions seem not to have the desired effects. This study proposes 'moral case deliberation', a form of stakeholder dialogue on moral dilemmas, as an integrated and inclusive intervention for worksite health promotion. This intervention takes into account three factors that are considered possible underlying causes of low effectiveness of current interventions, namely the lack of deliberate attention to: 1) the diverging values and interests of stakeholders in worksite health promotion, 2) the ethical issues of worksite health promotion, and 3) the connection with the lived experience (lifeworld) of lower SEP employees. Moral case deliberation will help to gain insight in the conflicting values in worksite health promotion, which contributes to the development of a vision for worksite health promotion that is supported by all parties. METHODS The intervention will be evaluated through Responsive Evaluation, a form of participatory research. Key to Responsive Evaluation is that stakeholders are consulted to determine relevant changes as a result of the intervention. The intervention will be evaluated yearly at both fixed moments (baseline and annual evaluation(s)) and continuously. Mixed methods will be used, including interviews, participatory observations, analyses of HRM-data and short questionnaires. In addition, the intervention will be evaluated economically, on both monetary and non-monetary outcomes. DISCUSSION This protocol proposes an innovative intervention and a novel participatory evaluation in the context of worksite health promotion. The study aims to gain understanding in how dialogue on moral dilemmas on health and health promotion can contribute to heightened personal and mutual understanding among stakeholders and practice improvements in the work context. By evaluating the intervention in more than one setting, findings of this study will provide knowledge about how MCD can be adapted to specific work settings and what changes it may lead to in these settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register (NRT): NL8051. Registration date: 28/09/2019, retrospectively registered. https://www.trialregister.nl/.
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Velonis AJ, Hebert-Beirne J, Conroy LM, Hernandez M, Castaneda D, Forst L. Impact of precarious work on neighborhood health: Concept mapping by a community/academic partnership. Am J Ind Med 2020; 63:23-35. [PMID: 31613400 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As part of community-based participatory research (CBPR) examining precarious employment and community health, academic, and community researchers used concept mapping to explore how residents in two high hardship neighborhoods perceive the impact of work on health. METHODS Between January and May 2017, 292 individuals who lived or worked in two contiguous Chicago neighborhoods were engaged in brainstorming, sorting, and rating activities. Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied, and findings were interpreted by a community-academic partnership. RESULTS Brainstorming resulted in 55 unique ways that work impacts health, each of which was rated on its perceived impact on health and prevalence in the neighborhood. Four major themes emerged: Healthy Aspects of Work, Systemic/Structural Injustices, Lack of Control/Exploitation, and Psychological/Physical Stress, which was a multidimensional, cross-cutting theme. CONCLUSION These findings provide critical insight into community perceptions of the mechanisms by which work influences health, providing a basis for community-driven, sustainable, work-focused interventions that promote community health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa J Velonis
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeni Hebert-Beirne
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lorraine M Conroy
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marcella Hernandez
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dolores Castaneda
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Community Researcher and Resident, Little Village, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Linda Forst
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Expanding the Paradigm of Occupational Safety and Health: A New Framework for Worker Well-Being. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:589-593. [PMID: 29608542 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article describes the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's (NIOSH) development of a conceptual framework for worker well-being. While well-being research is growing, there is a need to translate theoretical concepts into practical models for measurement and action. METHODS Multidisciplinary literature reviews informed development of the worker well-being framework and major domains and subdomains. An expert panel helped prioritize constructs for measurement. RESULTS The framework includes five domains and 20 subdomains and conceptualizes worker well-being as a subjective and objective phenomenon inclusive of experiences both within and beyond work contexts. CONCLUSION Well-being is a positive and unifying concept that captures multiple factors that contribute to workers' health and quality of life. This work lays the foundation for larger well-being measurement efforts and will provide tools for NIOSH partners to help workers flourish.
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