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Miranda Furtado CL, Hansen M, Kogure GS, Ribeiro VB, Taylor N, Racy Soares M, Ferriani RA, Aston KI, Jenkins T, dos Reis RM. Resistance and aerobic training increases genome-wide DNA methylation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2305082. [PMID: 38245873 PMCID: PMC10802204 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2305082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is a first-line treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Resistance or aerobic exercise improves metabolic complications, reproductive outcomes, and quality of life in PCOS. DNA methylation reprogramming during exercise may be the major modifier behind these changes. We sought to evaluate genome-wide DNA methylation changes after supervised resistance and aerobic exercise in women with PCOS. Exercises were performed in 56 women with PCOS (resistance, n = 30; aerobic, n = 26), for 16 weeks (wks), three times per week, in 50-minute to one-hour sessions. Anthropometric indices and hormonal and metabolic parameters were measured before and after training. Genome-wide leukocyte DNA methylation was analysed by Infinium Human MethylationEPIC 850K BeadChip microarrays (Illumina). Both resistance and aerobic exercise improved anthropometric indices, metabolic dysfunction, and hyperandrogenism in PCOS after the training programme, but no differences were observed between the two exercises. Resistance and aerobic exercise increased genome-wide DNA methylation, although resistance changed every category in the CpG island context (islands, shores, shelve, and open sea), whereas aerobic exercise altered CpG shores and the open sea. Using a stringent FDR (>40), 6 significantly differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were observed in the resistance exercise cohort and 14 DRMs in the aerobic cohort, all of which were hypermethylated. The increase in genome-wide DNA methylation may be related to the metabolic and hormonal changes observed in PCOS after resistance and aerobic exercise. Since the mammalian genome is hypermethylated globally to prevent genomic instability and ageing, resistance and aerobic exercise may promote health and longevity through environmentally induced epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Experimental Biology Center, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Megan Hansen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Gislaine Satyko Kogure
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Victor Barbosa Ribeiro
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Nathanael Taylor
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Murilo Racy Soares
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Kenneth Ivan Aston
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Timothy Jenkins
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rosana Maria dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Soliman HK, Coughlan JM. United by conflict: Convergent signatures of parental conflict in angiosperms and placental mammals. J Hered 2024; 115:625-642. [PMID: 38366852 PMCID: PMC11498613 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Endosperm in angiosperms and placenta in eutherians are convergent innovations for efficient embryonic nutrient transfer. Despite advantages, this reproductive strategy incurs metabolic costs that maternal parents disproportionately shoulder, leading to potential inter-parental conflict over optimal offspring investment. Genomic imprinting-parent-of-origin-biased gene expression-is fundamental for endosperm and placenta development and has convergently evolved in angiosperms and mammals, in part, to resolve parental conflict. Here, we review the mechanisms of genomic imprinting in these taxa. Despite differences in the timing and spatial extent of imprinting, these taxa exhibit remarkable convergence in the molecular machinery and genes governing imprinting. We then assess the role of parental conflict in shaping evolution within angiosperms and eutherians using four criteria: 1) Do differences in the extent of sibling relatedness cause differences in the inferred strength of parental conflict? 2) Do reciprocal crosses between taxa with different inferred histories of parental conflict exhibit parent-of-origin growth effects? 3) Are these parent-of-origin growth effects caused by dosage-sensitive mechanisms and do these loci exhibit signals of positive selection? 4) Can normal development be restored by genomic perturbations that restore stoichiometric balance in the endosperm/placenta? Although we find evidence for all criteria in angiosperms and eutherians, suggesting that parental conflict may help shape their evolution, many questions remain. Additionally, myriad differences between the two taxa suggest that their respective biologies may shape how/when/where/to what extent parental conflict manifests. Lastly, we discuss outstanding questions, highlighting the power of comparative work in quantifying the role of parental conflict in evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar K Soliman
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Jenn M Coughlan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
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Wang SE, Xiong Y, Jang MA, Park KS, Donahue M, Velez J, Jin J, Jiang YH. Newly developed oral bioavailable EHMT2 inhibitor as a potential epigenetic therapy for Prader-Willi syndrome. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2662-2675. [PMID: 38796700 PMCID: PMC11405540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is the prototypic genomic disorder resulting from deficiency of paternally expressed genes in the human chromosome 15q11-q13 region. The unique molecular mechanism involving epigenetic modifications renders PWS as the most attractive candidate to explore a proof-of-concept of epigenetic therapy in humans. The premise is that epigenetic modulations could reactivate the repressed PWS candidate genes from the maternal chromosome and offer therapeutic benefit. Our prior study identifies an EHMT2/G9a inhibitor, UNC0642, that reactivates the expression of PWS genes via reduction of H3K9me2. However, low brain permeability and poor oral bioavailability of UNC0642 preclude its advancement into translational studies in humans. In this study, a newly developed inhibitor, MS152, modified from the structure of UNC0642, has better brain penetration and greater potency and selectivity against EHMT2/G9a. MS152 reactivated maternally silenced PWS genes in PWS patient fibroblasts and in brain and liver tissues of PWS mouse models. Importantly, the molecular efficacy of oral administration is comparable with the intraperitoneal route. MS152 treatment in newborns ameliorates the perinatal lethality and poor growth, maintaining reactivation in a PWS mouse model at postnatal 90 days. Our findings provide strong support for MS152 as a first-in-class inhibitor to advance the epigenetic therapy of PWS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Wang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA
| | - Yan Xiong
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mi-Ae Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Su Park
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Meaghan Donahue
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA
| | - Julia Velez
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences, Oncological Sciences and Neuroscience, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA.
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Holthöfer L, Diederich S, Haug V, Lehmann L, Hewel C, Paul NW, Schweiger S, Gerber S, Linke M. A case of an Angelman-syndrome caused by an intragenic duplication of UBE3A uncovered by adaptive nanopore sequencing. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:101. [PMID: 39095842 PMCID: PMC11297752 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive nanopore sequencing as a diagnostic method for imprinting disorders and episignature analysis revealed an intragenic duplication of Exon 6 and 7 in UBE3A (NM_000462.5) in a patient with relatively mild Angelman-like syndrome. In an all-in-one nanopore sequencing analysis DNA hypomethylation of the SNURF:TSS-DMR, known contributing deletions on the maternal allele and point mutations in UBE3A could be ruled out as disease drivers. In contrast, breakpoints and orientation of the tandem duplication could clearly be defined. Segregation analysis in the family showed that the duplication derived de novo in the maternal grandfather. Our study shows the benefits of an all-in-one nanopore sequencing approach for the diagnostics of Angelman syndrome and other imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Holthöfer
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Diederich
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena Haug
- Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lioba Lehmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hewel
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert W Paul
- Institute for History, Philosophy, and Ethics of Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susann Schweiger
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Linke
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Montani C, Balasco L, Pagani M, Alvino FG, Barsotti N, de Guzman AE, Galbusera A, de Felice A, Nickl-Jockschat TK, Migliarini S, Casarosa S, Lau P, Mattioni L, Pasqualetti M, Provenzano G, Bozzi Y, Lombardo MV, Gozzi A. Sex-biasing influence of autism-associated Ube3a gene overdosage at connectomic, behavioral, and transcriptomic levels. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadg1421. [PMID: 38996019 PMCID: PMC11244557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Genomic mechanisms enhancing risk in males may contribute to sex bias in autism. The ubiquitin protein ligase E3A gene (Ube3a) affects cellular homeostasis via control of protein turnover and by acting as transcriptional coactivator with steroid hormone receptors. Overdosage of Ube3a via duplication or triplication of chromosomal region 15q11-13 causes 1 to 2% of autistic cases. Here, we test the hypothesis that increased dosage of Ube3a may influence autism-relevant phenotypes in a sex-biased manner. We show that mice with extra copies of Ube3a exhibit sex-biasing effects on brain connectomics and autism-relevant behaviors. These effects are associated with transcriptional dysregulation of autism-associated genes, as well as genes differentially expressed in 15q duplication and in autistic people. Increased Ube3a dosage also affects expression of genes on the X chromosome, genes influenced by sex steroid hormone, and genes sex-differentially regulated by transcription factors. These results suggest that Ube3a overdosage can contribute to sex bias in neurodevelopmental conditions via influence on sex-differential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Montani
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Luigi Balasco
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Marco Pagani
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
- Autism Center, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
- IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy
| | - Filomena Grazia Alvino
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Noemi Barsotti
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Elizabeth de Guzman
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Alberto Galbusera
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Alessia de Felice
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Thomas K. Nickl-Jockschat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sara Migliarini
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Casarosa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Centre for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Pierre Lau
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Human Technologies, Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mattioni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Massimo Pasqualetti
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Provenzano
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Yuri Bozzi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michael V. Lombardo
- Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, CNCS@UNITN, Rovereto, Italy
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Jahangir M, Nazari M, Babakhanzadeh E, Manshadi SD. Where do obesity and male infertility collide? BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:128. [PMID: 38730451 PMCID: PMC11088066 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The parallel rise in obesity and male infertility in modern societies necessitates the identification of susceptibility genes underlying these interconnected health issues. In our study, we conducted a comprehensive search in the OMIM database to identify genes commonly associated with male infertility and obesity. Subsequently, we performed an insilico analysis using the REVEL algorithm to detect pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of these candidate genes. To validate our findings in vivo, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of SNPs and gene expression of candidate genes in 200 obese infertile subjects and 240 obese fertile individuals using ARMS-PCR. Additionally, we analyzed 20 fertile and 22 infertile obese individuals using Realtime-qPCR. By removing duplicated queries, we obtained 197 obesity-related genes and 102 male infertility-related genes from the OMIM database. Interestingly, the APOB gene was found in common between the two datasets. REVEL identified the rs13306194 variant as potentially pathogenic with a calculated score of 0.524. The study identified a significant association between the AA (P value = 0.001) genotype and A allele (P value = 0.003) of the APOB rs13306194 variant and infertility in obese men. APOB expression levels were significantly lower in obese infertile men compared to obese fertile controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, the AA genotype of rs13306194 APOB was associated with a significant decrease in APOB gene expression in obese infertile men (p = 0.05). There is a significant association between the Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) and LH with infertility in the obese infertile group. These results are likely to contribute to a better understanding of the causes of male infertility and its association with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Jahangir
- Department of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 64155-65117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Nazari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Emad Babakhanzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Mim RA, Soorajkumar A, Kosaji N, Rahman MM, Sarker S, Karuvantevida N, Eshaque TB, Rahaman MA, Islam A, Chowdhury MSJ, Shams N, Uddin KMF, Akter H, Uddin M. Expanding deep phenotypic spectrum associated with atypical pathogenic structural variations overlapping 15q11-q13 imprinting region. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3437. [PMID: 38616334 PMCID: PMC11016631 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 15q11-q13 region is a genetic locus with genes subject to genomic imprinting, significantly influencing neurodevelopment. Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that causes differential gene expression based on the parent of origin. In most diploid organisms, gene expression typically involves an equal contribution from both maternal and paternal alleles, shaping the phenotype. Nevertheless, in mammals, including humans, mice, and marsupials, the functional equivalence of parental alleles is not universally maintained. Notably, during male and female gametogenesis, parental alleles may undergo differential marking or imprinting, thereby modifying gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) (resulting from the absence of paternally expressed genes in this region), Angelman syndrome (AS) (associated with the absence of the maternally expressed UBE3A gene), and 15q11-q13 duplication syndrome (resulting from the two common forms of duplications-either an extra isodicentric 15 chromosome or an interstitial 15 duplication), are the outcomes of genetic variations in this imprinting region. METHODS Conducted a genomic study to identify the frequency of pathogenic variants impacting the 15q11-q13 region in an ethnically homogenous population from Bangladesh. Screened all known disorders from the DECIPHER database and identified variant enrichment within this cohort. Using the Horizon analysis platform, performed enrichment analysis, requiring at least >60% overlap between a copy number variation and a disorder breakpoint. Deep clinical phenotyping was carried out through multiple examination sessions to evaluate a range of clinical symptoms. RESULTS This study included eight individuals with clinically suspected PWS/AS, all previously confirmed through chromosomal microarray analysis, which revealed chromosomal breakpoints within the 15q11-q13 region. Among this cohort, six cases (75%) exhibited variable lengths of deletions, whereas two cases (25%) showed duplications. These included one type 2 duplication, one larger atypical duplication, one shorter type 2 deletion, one larger type 1 deletion, and four cases with atypical deletions. Furthermore, thorough clinical assessments led to the diagnosis of four PWS patients, two AS patients, and two individuals with 15q11-q13 duplication syndrome. CONCLUSION Our deep phenotypic observations identified a spectrum of clinical features that overlap and are unique to PWS, AS, and Dup15q syndromes. Our findings establish genotype-phenotype correlation for patients impacted by variable structural variations within the 15q11-q13 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeya Akter Mim
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
| | - Anjana Soorajkumar
- Center for Applied and Translational Genomics (CATG)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai HealthDubaiUAE
| | - Noor Kosaji
- Center for Applied and Translational Genomics (CATG)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai HealthDubaiUAE
| | - Muhammad Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Paediatric NeurologyBangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Shaoli Sarker
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
- Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and InstituteDhakaBangladesh
| | - Noushad Karuvantevida
- Center for Applied and Translational Genomics (CATG)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai HealthDubaiUAE
| | | | - Md Atikur Rahaman
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
| | - Amirul Islam
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
- GenomeArc Inc.MississaugaOntarioCanada
| | - Mohammod Shah Jahan Chowdhury
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
- Ministry of Health and Family WelfareDhakaBangladesh
| | - Nusrat Shams
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
- National Institute of Neuroscience and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - K. M. Furkan Uddin
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
| | - Hosneara Akter
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Centre (GGMC)NeuroGen HealthcareDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammed Uddin
- Center for Applied and Translational Genomics (CATG)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai HealthDubaiUAE
- GenomeArc Inc.MississaugaOntarioCanada
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Rohm D, Black JB, McCutcheon SR, Barrera A, Morone DJ, Nuttle X, de Esch CE, Tai DJ, Talkowski ME, Iglesias N, Gersbach CA. Activation of the imprinted Prader-Willi Syndrome locus by CRISPR-based epigenome editing. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.03.583177. [PMID: 38496583 PMCID: PMC10942373 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.03.583177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Epigenome editing with DNA-targeting technologies such as CRISPR-dCas9 can be used to dissect gene regulatory mechanisms and potentially treat associated disorders. For example, Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is caused by loss of paternally expressed imprinted genes on chromosome 15q11.2-q13.3, although the maternal allele is intact but epigenetically silenced. Using CRISPR repression and activation screens in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), we identified genomic elements that control expression of the PWS gene SNRPN from the paternal and maternal chromosomes. We showed that either targeted transcriptional activation or DNA demethylation can activate the silenced maternal SNRPN and downstream PWS transcripts. However, these two approaches function at unique regions, preferentially activating different transcript variants and involving distinct epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms. Remarkably, transient expression of the targeted demethylase leads to stable, long-term maternal SNRPN expression in PWS iPSCs. This work uncovers targeted epigenetic manipulations to reprogram a disease-associated imprinted locus and suggests possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia Rohm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joshua B. Black
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sean R. McCutcheon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Alejandro Barrera
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Daniel J. Morone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xander Nuttle
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Celine E. de Esch
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Derek J.C. Tai
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael E. Talkowski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nahid Iglesias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Charles A. Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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9
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James KN, Chowdhury S, Ding Y, Batalov S, Watkins K, Kwon YH, Van Der Kraan L, Ellsworth K, Kingsmore SF, Guidugli L. Genome sequencing detects a wide range of clinically relevant copy-number variants and other genomic alterations. Genet Med 2024; 26:101006. [PMID: 37869996 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Copy-number variants (CNVs) and other non-single nucleotide variant/indel variant types contribute an important proportion of diagnoses in individuals with suspected genetic disease. This study describes the range of such variants detected by genome sequencing (GS). METHODS For a pediatric cohort of 1032 participants undergoing clinical GS, we characterize the CNVs and other non-single nucleotide variant/indel variant types that were reported, including aneuploidies, mobile element insertions, and uniparental disomies, and we describe the bioinformatic pipeline used to detect these variants. RESULTS Together, these genetic alterations accounted for 15.8% of reported variants. Notably, 67.9% of these were deletions, 32.9% of which overlapped a single gene, and many deletions were reported together with a second variant in the same gene in cases of recessive disease. A retrospective medical record review in a subset of this cohort revealed that up to 6 additional genetic tests were ordered in 68% (26/38) of cases, some of which failed to report the CNVs/rare variants reported on GS. CONCLUSION GS detected a broad range of reported variant types, including CNVs ranging in size from 1 Kb to 46 Mb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiely N James
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Yan Ding
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Sergey Batalov
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Kelly Watkins
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | - Yong Hyun Kwon
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA
| | | | | | | | - Lucia Guidugli
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA.
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10
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Crenshaw MM, Graw SL, Slavov D, Boyle TA, Piqué DG, Taylor M, Baker P. An Atypical 15q11.2 Microdeletion Not Involving SNORD116 Resulting in Prader-Willi Syndrome. Case Rep Genet 2023; 2023:4225092. [PMID: 37736297 PMCID: PMC10511293 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4225092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of expression of paternally imprinted genes in the 15q11.2-q13 chromosomal region leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). The PWS critical region contains four paternally expressed protein-coding genes along with small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) genes under the control of the SNURF-SNRPN promoter, including the SNORD116 snoRNA gene cluster that is implicated in the PWS disease etiology. A 5-7 Mb deletion, maternal uniparental disomy, or an imprinting defect of chromosome 15q affect multiple genes in the PWS critical region, causing PWS. However, the individual contributions of these genes to the PWS phenotype remain elusive. Reports of smaller, atypical deletions may refine the boundaries of the PWS critical region or suggest additional disease-causing mechanisms. We describe an adult female with a classic PWS phenotype due to a 78 kb microdeletion that includes only exons 2 and 3 of SNURF-SNRPN with apparently preserved expression of SNORD116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly M. Crenshaw
- University of Colorado School of Medicine (CU-SOM), Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics and Metabolism, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sharon L. Graw
- Colorado Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dobromir Slavov
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Theresa A. Boyle
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Daniel G. Piqué
- University of Colorado School of Medicine (CU-SOM), Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics and Metabolism, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Adult Medical Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Peter Baker
- University of Colorado School of Medicine (CU-SOM), Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics and Metabolism, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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11
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Wang SE, Jiang YH. Novel epigenetic molecular therapies for imprinting disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3182-3193. [PMID: 37626134 PMCID: PMC10618104 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Genomic imprinting disorders are caused by the disruption of genomic imprinting processes leading to a deficit or increase of an active allele. Their unique molecular mechanisms underlying imprinted genes offer an opportunity to investigate epigenetic-based therapy for reactivation of an inactive allele or reduction of an active allele. Current treatments are based on managing symptoms, not targeting the molecular mechanisms underlying imprinting disorders. Here, we highlight molecular approaches of therapeutic candidates in preclinical and clinical studies for individual imprinting disorders. These include the significant progress of discovery and testing of small molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, and CRISPR mediated genome editing approaches as new therapeutic strategies. We discuss the significant challenges of translating these promising therapies from the preclinical stage to the clinic, especially for genome editing based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Wang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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12
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Cryopreservation of Human Spermatozoa: Functional, Molecular and Clinical Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054656. [PMID: 36902084 PMCID: PMC10002855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is an expanding strategy to allow not only fertility preservation for individuals who need such procedures because of gonadotoxic treatments, active duty in dangerous occupations or social reasons and gamete donation for couples where conception is denied, but also for animal breeding and preservation of endangered animal species. Despite the improvement in semen cryopreservation techniques and the worldwide expansion of semen banks, damage to spermatozoa and the consequent impairment of its functions still remain unsolved problems, conditioning the choice of the technique in assisted reproduction procedures. Although many studies have attempted to find solutions to limit sperm damage following cryopreservation and identify possible markers of damage susceptibility, active research in this field is still required in order to optimize the process. Here, we review the available evidence regarding structural, molecular and functional damage occurring in cryopreserved human spermatozoa and the possible strategies to prevent it and optimize the procedures. Finally, we review the results on assisted reproduction technique (ARTs) outcomes following the use of cryopreserved spermatozoa.
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13
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Du X, Wei L, Yang B, Long S, Wang J, Sun A, Jiang Y, Qiao Z, Wang H, Wang Y. Cortical and subcortical morphological alteration in Angelman syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2023; 15:7. [PMID: 36788499 PMCID: PMC9930225 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-022-09469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with serious seizures. We aim to explore the brain morphometry of patients with AS and figure out whether the seizure is associated with brain development. METHODS Seventy-three patients and 26 healthy controls (HC) underwent high-resolution structural brain MRI. Group differences between the HC group and the AS group and also between AS patients with seizure (AS-Se) and age-matched AS patients with non-seizure (AS-NSe) were compared. The voxel-based and surface-based morphometry analyses were used in our study. Gray matter volume, cortical thickness (CTH), and local gyrification index (LGI) were assessed to analyze the cortical and subcortical structure alteration in the AS brain. RESULTS Firstly, compared with the HC group, children with AS were found to have a significant decrease in gray matter volume in the subcortical nucleus, cortical, and cerebellum. However, the gray matter volume of AS patients in the inferior precuneus was significantly increased. Secondly, patients with AS had significantly increased LGI in the whole brain as compared with HC. Thirdly, the comparison of AS-Se and the AS-NSe groups revealed a significant decrease in caudate volume in the AS-Se group. Lastly, we further selected the caudate and the precuneus as ROIs for volumetric analysis, the AS group showed significantly increased LGI in the precuneus and reduced CTH in the right precuneus. Between the AS-Se and the AS-NSe groups, the AS-Se group exhibited significantly lower density in the caudate, while only the CTH in the left precuneus showed a significant difference. CONCLUSIONS These results revealed cortical and subcortical morphological alterations in patients with AS, including globally the decreased brain volume in the subcortical nucleus, the increased gray matter volume of precuneus, and the whole-brain increase of LGI and reduction of CTH. The abnormal brain pattern was more serious in patients with seizures, suggesting that the occurrence of seizures may be related to abnormal brain changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Du
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shasha Long
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiqi Sun
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghui Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Paediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, CT, New Haven, China
| | - Zhongwei Qiao
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - He Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, USA.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Gao Y, Yang LL, Dai YL, Shen Z, Zhou Q, Zou CC. Effects of early recombinant human growth hormone treatment in young Chinese children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:25. [PMID: 36750945 PMCID: PMC9906936 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02615-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare and multisystemic genetic disorder that is characterized by severe hypotonia, hyperphagia, short stature, and global developmental delay. Although early recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment has been proven to rescue some symptoms and bring additional benefits to PWS patients, studies in patients under 2 years old are scarce. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of rhGH treatment for young children. METHODS A total of 96 genetically confirmed Chinese PWS infants or toddlers (47 males) followed between 2013 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-five infants (early treatment group) started rhGH treatment during their first year, and 31 toddlers (later treatment group) started at the age of 1-2 years. Auxological parameters, carbohydrate metabolism parameters, thyroid function, liver function, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and radiographs were acquired before the initiation of the treatment and every 3-6 months thereafter. Height/length, weight, and weight for height were expressed as standard deviation scores (SDSs) according to WHO child growth standards. RESULTS The mean SDS of length/height in the early treatment group was significantly higher than that in the later treatment group throughout the observation period (all P < 0.001). The change in the length SDS between the two groups at 1 year old and 4 years old was 1.50 (95% CI, 0.88-2.13) and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.16-1.10), respectively. Compared to the later treatment group, the weight SDS in the early treatment group increased by 0.94 (95% CI, 0.37-1.52) at 1 year old and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.28-1.39) at 2 years old. No statistical significance was found after 2.5 years of age. No significant differences were observed in IGF-1, incidence of liver dysfunction, hypothyroidism or spinal deformity between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS rhGH treatment improved growth and body composition in infants and toddlers. Furthermore, an early start of rhGH treatment is expected to have more efficacy than the later treatment group without an increase in adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- grid.411360.1The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051 China
| | - Li-Li Yang
- grid.411360.1The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051 China
| | - Yang-Li Dai
- grid.411360.1The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051 China
| | - Zheng Shen
- grid.411360.1The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051 China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China. .,Hangzhou children's Hospital, No. 195 Wenhui Road, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Chao-Chun Zou
- The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
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15
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Rahman QFA, Jufri NF, Hamid A. Hyperphagia in Prader-Willi syndrome with obesity: From development to pharmacological treatment. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2023; 12:5-12. [PMID: 36873672 PMCID: PMC9976092 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2022.01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder due to lack of genes expression inherited from the paternal chromosome 15q11-q13 region usually from paternal deletions, maternal uniparental disomy 15 or imprinting defect. There are two different nutritional stages reported in an individual with PWS; first stage during infancy marked by feeding and growth difficulties and second stage where hyperphagia starts and leads to development of obesity. However, the exact mechanism of hyperphagia development, from having difficulties in feeding during early years to insatiable appetite after they grow is still unknown and is the focused in this review. The keywords used for literature search such as "Prader-Willi syndrome", "hyperphagia", "obesity", and "treatment" were used to create the search strings by using synonyms in order to retrieve the relevant records from PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct. The possible mechanism of hyperphagia can be classed into hormonal abnormalities such as increase in ghrelin and leptin from infancy to adulthood. Low level of hormones was observed in the thyroid, insulin and peptide YY at certain ages. Neuronal abnormalities contributed by Orexin A and brain structure alteration was documented at 4-30 years old. Treatment in the form of drugs such as livoletide, topiramate, and diazoxide could potentially alleviate these abnormalities and make hyperphagia less prominent in PWS. The approaches are important to regulate the hormonal changes and neuronal involvement as potentially controlling hyperphagia and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul Farhana Jufri
- Address correspondence to:Nurul Farhana Jufri, Biomedical Science Program, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia. E-mail:
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16
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Key AP, Roth S, Jones D, Hunt-Hawkins H. Typical and atypical neural mechanisms support spoken word processing in Angelman syndrome. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 236:105215. [PMID: 36502770 PMCID: PMC9839587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is known to affect expressive and receptive communication abilities. This study examined individual differences in neural mechanisms underlying speech processing in children with AS (n = 24, M age = 10.01 years) and typical development (n = 30, M age = 10.82 years) using auditory event-related potentials during passive listening to common English words and novel pseudowords. A group of adults with AS (n = 7, M = 31.78 years) provided data about the upper developmental range. The typically developing group demonstrated the expected more negative amplitudes in response to words than pseudowords within 250-500 ms after stimulus onset at the left temporal scalp region. Children and adults with AS exhibited a similar left-lateralized pattern of word-pseudoword differentiation at temporal and parietal regions, but not the midline parietal memory response for known words observed in the typically developing group, suggesting typical-like word-pseudoword differentiation along with possible alterations in the automatic recall of word meaning. These results have important implications for understanding receptive and expressive communication processes in AS and support the use of auditory neural responses for characterizing individual differences in neurodevelopmental disorders with limited speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P Key
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Sydney Roth
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Dorita Jones
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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17
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Viho EMG, Punt AM, Distel B, Houtman R, Kroon J, Elgersma Y, Meijer OC. The Hippocampal Response to Acute Corticosterone Elevation Is Altered in a Mouse Model for Angelman Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010303. [PMID: 36613751 PMCID: PMC9820460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, caused by the neuronal absence of the ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A). UBE3A promotes ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and functions as a transcriptional coregulator of nuclear hormone receptors, including the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Previous studies showed anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal-dependent memory disturbances in AS mouse models. Hippocampal GR is an important regulator of the stress response and memory formation, and we therefore investigated whether the absence of UBE3A in AS mice disrupted GR signaling in the hippocampus. We first established a strong cortisol-dependent interaction between the GR ligand binding domain and a UBE3A nuclear receptor box in a high-throughput interaction screen. In vivo, we found that UBE3A-deficient AS mice displayed significantly more variation in circulating corticosterone levels throughout the day compared to wildtypes (WT), with low to undetectable levels of corticosterone at the trough of the circadian cycle. Additionally, we observed an enhanced transcriptomic response in the AS hippocampus following acute corticosterone treatment. Surprisingly, chronic corticosterone treatment showed less contrast between AS and WT mice in the hippocampus and liver transcriptomic responses. This suggests that UBE3A limits the acute stimulation of GR signaling, likely as a member of the GR transcriptional complex. Altogether, these data indicate that AS mice are more sensitive to acute glucocorticoid exposure in the brain compared to WT mice. This suggests that stress responsiveness is altered in AS which could lead to anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. G. Viho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - A. Mattijs Punt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Distel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Houtman
- Precision Medicine Lab, 5349 AB Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Kroon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C. Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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A family-based study of genetic and epigenetic effects across multiple neurocognitive, motor, social-cognitive and social-behavioral functions. Behav Brain Funct 2022; 18:14. [PMID: 36457050 PMCID: PMC9714039 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are known to be heritable, but studies trying to elucidate the genetic architecture of such traits often lag behind studies of somatic traits and diseases. The reasons as to why relatively few genome-wide significant associations have been reported for such traits have to do with the sample sizes needed for the detection of small effects, the difficulty in defining and characterizing the phenotypes, partially due to overlaps in affected underlying domains (which is especially true for cognitive phenotypes), and the complex genetic architectures of the phenotypes, which are not wholly captured in traditional case-control GWAS designs. We aimed to tackle the last two issues by performing GWASs of eight quantitative neurocognitive, motor, social-cognitive and social-behavioral traits, which may be considered endophenotypes for a variety of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions, and for which we employed models capturing both general genetic association and parent-of-origin effects, in a family-based sample comprising 402 children and their parents (mostly family trios). We identified 48 genome-wide significant associations across several traits, of which 3 also survived our strict study-wide quality criteria. We additionally performed a functional annotation of implicated genes, as most of the 48 associations were with variants within protein-coding genes. In total, our study highlighted associations with five genes (TGM3, CACNB4, ANKS1B, CSMD1 and SYNE1) associated with measures of working memory, processing speed and social behavior. Our results thus identify novel associations, including previously unreported parent-of-origin associations with relevant genes, and our top results illustrate new potential gene → endophenotype → disorder pathways.
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19
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Huang X, Jiang L, Wen Z, Yuan M, Zhong Y. Knockdown of TTC9 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion, but induces the apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11254. [PMID: 36339754 PMCID: PMC9634374 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed subtypes of lung cancer, and one of the deadliest cancers. Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9A (TTC9) is upregulated and has played an oncogenic role in some malignant tumors. However, the expression and role of TTC9 has not yet been elucidated in LUAD. Here, we investigated the expression profiles, biological functions and potential molecular mechanism of the TTC9 gene in LUAD. TTC9 expression was significantly overexpressed in LUAD tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues. TTC9 expression was closely correlated with gender, lymph node metastasis, and survival status in the TCGA-LUAD cohort. Subsequent cellular function assays demonstrated that knockdown of TTC9 promoted PC9 cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, leading to cell cycle arrest in G2 phase. Moreover, inhibition of TTC9 suppressed the tumorigenicity of PC9 cells in nude mice. TTC9 might serve as oncogene in LUAD through cancer-related signaling pathways including p38 MAPK pathway. The expression of TTC9 gene might be modulated by DNA copy number variant and DNA methylation. TTC9 was significantly associated with tumor immune infiltration patterns. Accordingly, TTC9 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Huang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530021, PR China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Lingyu Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Intensive Care Unit, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Zhaoke Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Mingqing Yuan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530021, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yonglong Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning 530021, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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20
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Key AP, Roth S, Venker C. Spoken language comprehension in children and adults with Angelman Syndrome. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2022; 100:106272. [PMID: 36244082 PMCID: PMC9994640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2022.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Objective evaluation of receptive communication abilities in nonspeaking individuals using standardized behavioral measures can be complicated by co-occurring intellectual disabilities and motor difficulties. Eye tracking during listening may offer an informative complementary approach to directly evaluate receptive language skills. METHOD This study examined feasibility of eye gaze measures as an index of spoken language comprehension in nonspeaking children and adults with Angelman syndrome (AS; n = 23) using a looking-while-listening procedure. Typically developing children (n = 34) provided a reference data set. Primary caregivers of participants with AS completed standardized informant reports (MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory: Words and Gestures; Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-3; Aberrant Behavior Checklist-2) to characterize communicative skills and general adaptive functioning. RESULTS Gaze data in participants with AS, particularly in the individuals reported by caregivers to have larger receptive vocabularies and stronger adaptive communicative functioning, demonstrated the expected pattern of comprehension reflected by the increased probability of looks to the target images after vs. before they were named in a spoken sentence. However, processing speed (gaze reaction time) was significantly slower in participants with AS than in the typically developing group. CONCLUSIONS Gaze-based paradigms could be an informative measure of receptive communication processes in participants who are unable to complete traditional standardized behavioral assessments.
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21
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Escher J, Yan W, Rissman EF, Wang HLV, Hernandez A, Corces VG. Beyond Genes: Germline Disruption in the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 52:4608-4624. [PMID: 34596807 PMCID: PMC9035896 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Investigations into the etiology of autism spectrum disorders have been largely confined to two realms: variations in DNA sequence and somatic developmental exposures. Here we suggest a third route-disruption of the germline epigenome induced by exogenous toxicants during a parent's gamete development. Similar to cases of germline mutation, these molecular perturbations may produce dysregulated transcription of brain-related genes during fetal and early development, resulting in abnormal neurobehavioral phenotypes in offspring. Many types of exposures may have these impacts, and here we discuss examples of anesthetic gases, tobacco components, synthetic steroids, and valproic acid. Alterations in parental germline could help explain some unsolved phenomena of autism, including increased prevalence, missing heritability, skewed sex ratio, and heterogeneity of neurobiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Escher
- Escher Fund for Autism, 1590 Calaveras Avenue, San Jose, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Yan
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emilie F Rissman
- Center for Human Health and the Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hsiao-Lin V Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arturo Hernandez
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, MaineHealth, Scarborough, ME, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor G Corces
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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22
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Punatar R, Egense A, Mao R, Procter M, Bosworth M, Quigley DI, Angkustsiri K, Shankar SP. Atypical presentation of Angelman syndrome with intact expressive language due to low-level mosaicism. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2018. [PMID: 35929060 PMCID: PMC9544204 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angelman syndrome (AS) occurs due to a lack of expression or function of the maternally inherited UBE3A gene. Individuals with AS typically have significant developmental delay, severe speech impairment with absent to minimal verbal language, gait abnormalities including ataxia, and an incongruous happy demeanor. The majority of individuals with AS also have seizures and microcephaly. Some individuals with mosaic AS have been reported to have expressive language and milder levels of developmental delay. CASE REPORT We report a male patient presenting with mild to moderate intellectual disability, hyperphagia, obesity, and the ability to communicate verbally. His phenotype was suggestive of Prader-Willi syndrome. However, methylation testing was positive for Angelman syndrome and additional methylation specific multiplex ligation-dependent amplification (MS-MLPA) study revealed low-level mosaicism for AS. CONCLUSION A broader phenotypic spectrum should be considered for AS as patients with atypical presentations may otherwise elude diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Punatar
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Alena Egense
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kathleen Angkustsiri
- Division of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Suma P Shankar
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.,Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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23
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Mannens MMAM, Lombardi MP, Alders M, Henneman P, Bliek J. Further Introduction of DNA Methylation (DNAm) Arrays in Regular Diagnostics. Front Genet 2022; 13:831452. [PMID: 35860466 PMCID: PMC9289263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.831452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation tests have been used for decades in regular DNA diagnostics focusing primarily on Imprinting disorders or specific loci annotated to specific disease associated gene promotors. With the introduction of DNA methylation (DNAm) arrays such as the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip array or the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC Beadchip array (850 k), it has become feasible to study the epigenome in a timely and cost-effective way. This has led to new insights regarding the complexity of well-studied imprinting disorders such as the Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, but it has also led to the introduction of tests such as EpiSign, implemented as a diagnostic test in which a single array experiment can be compared to databases with known episignatures of multiple genetic disorders, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. The successful use of such DNAm tests is rapidly expanding. More and more disorders are found to be associated with discrete episignatures which enables fast and definite diagnoses, as we have shown. The first examples of environmentally induced clinical disorders characterized by discrete aberrant DNAm are discussed underlining the broad application of DNAm testing in regular diagnostics. Here we discuss exemplary findings in our laboratory covering this broad range of applications and we discuss further use of DNAm tests in the near future.
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24
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Ben-Cnaan E, Permyakova A, Azar S, Hirsch S, Baraghithy S, Hinden L, Tam J. The Metabolic Efficacy of a Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA) Derivative in Treating Diet- and Genetic-Induced Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105610. [PMID: 35628417 PMCID: PMC9144717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global medical problem; its common form is known as diet-induced obesity (DIO); however, there are several rare genetic disorders, such as Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), that are also associated with obesity (genetic-induced obesity, GIO). The currently available therapeutics for treating DIO and GIO are very limited, and they result in only a partial improvement. Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), a constituent of Cannabis sativa, gradually decarboxylates to cannabidiol (CBD). Whereas the anti-obesity properties of CBD have been reasonably identified, our knowledge of the pharmacology of CBDA is more limited due to its instability. To stabilize CBDA, a new derivative, CBDA-O-methyl ester (HU-580, EPM301), was synthesized. The therapeutic potential of EPM301 in appetite reduction, weight loss, and metabolic improvements in DIO and GIO was tested in vivo. EPM301 (40 mg/kg/d, i.p.) successfully resulted in weight loss, increased ambulation, as well as improved glycemic and lipid profiles in DIO mice. Additionally, EPM301 ameliorated DIO-induced hepatic dysfunction and steatosis. Importantly, EPM301 (20 and 40 mg/kg/d, i.p.) effectively reduced body weight and hyperphagia in a high-fat diet-fed Magel2null mouse model for PWS. In addition, when given to standard-diet-fed Magel2null mice as a preventive treatment, EPM301 completely inhibited weight gain and adiposity. Lastly, EPM301 increased the oxidation of different nutrients in each strain. All together, EPM301 ameliorated obesity and its metabolic abnormalities in both DIO and GIO. These results support the idea to further promote this synthetic CBDA derivative toward clinical evaluation in humans.
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25
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Chilakamarri L, Mellin‐Sanchez EL. Complex chromosomal rearrangement involving 15q11‐q13 interstitial triplication and duplication: A new case report of dysmorphic and neuropsychiatric features. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05835. [PMID: 35600042 PMCID: PMC9107916 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Chilakamarri
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine Edinburg Texas USA
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26
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Liu C, Liu RH, Sun GF, Yang L, Zheng QL, Wei SY, Kong QX, Li QB. Two siblings suffering from Angelman Syndrome with a novel c.1146T>G mutation in UBE3A: A case report. Biomed Rep 2022; 16:48. [PMID: 35620312 PMCID: PMC9112374 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Liang Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Ying Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Xia Kong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Bo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
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27
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Baker EK, Merton CF, Tan WH, Dudding-Byth T, Godler DE, Sadhwani A. Methylation analysis and developmental profile of two individuals with Angelman syndrome due to mosaic imprinting defects. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104456. [PMID: 35218942 PMCID: PMC9800002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of expression of the maternally-inherited UBE3A on chromosome 15q11.2. In AS due to a chromosomal deletion that encompasses UBE3A, paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15, or imprinting defects (ImpD), the SNRPN locus is unmethylated, while in neurotypical individuals, it is ∼50% methylated. We present the developmental profile of two adults with mild AS assessed using standardized behavioral and neurodevelopmental measures. Both had intellectual disability with unusually advanced verbal communication skills compared to other individuals with AS. Methylation of the SNRPN locus was examined using Methylation Specific Quantitative Melt Analysis (MS-QMA) in different tissues at one time point for participant A (22 years) and two time points for participant B (T1: 22 years, T2: 25 years), and these levels were compared to a typical AS cohort. While participant A showed methylation levels comparable to the typical AS cohort, participant B showed methylation mosaicism in all tissues at both time points and changes in methylation levels from T1 to T2. AS should be considered in individuals with intellectual disability and verbal speech who may not have the typical symptoms of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K. Baker
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Australia,School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3083, Australia
| | - Catherine F. Merton
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wen-Hann Tan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - David E. Godler
- Diagnosis and Development, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Australia,Corresponding author. Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Parkville, 3052, Australia. (D.E. Godler)
| | - Anjali Sadhwani
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. (A. Sadhwani)
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28
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Zhao X, Zheng Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Mei S, Kong X. A novel variant in UBE3A in a family with multigenerational intellectual disability and developmental delay. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1883. [PMID: 35225435 PMCID: PMC9000933 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder and is characterized by severe cognitive disability, motor dysfunction, speech impairment, hyperactivity, and frequent seizures. Although the maternal chromosomal region 15q11.2-q13 deletion is the most common mechanism of AS, ~10% of individuals with AS are caused by the intragenic variants in the maternally inherited UBE3A, which encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase. METHODS Clinical diagnoses were based on detailed clinical findings. Trio-based exome sequencing was performed on the proband and her parents to identify the underlying genetic variants. The candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing following PCR amplification. In silico analyses were conducted to predict the effect of the identified variant on the function of UBE3A protein. RESULTS We identified a novel variant c.2029G>C (p. Gly677Arg) in UBE3A as the most promising candidate. In silico analyses showed that p.Gly677Arg in the UBE3A affects a highly conserved residue. Her mother had the variant at this locus. Sanger sequencing results showed that II-2, II-5, II-7, IV-1, III-5, III-7, III-8, and III-9 have the variant c.2029G>C, and all patients inherited maternally variant in UBE3A, while the offsprings of the male carrier were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel variant (c.2029G>C) in the UBE3A in a Chinese family with multigenerational intellectual disability and developmental delay. Our findings expanded the genotypic spectrum of AS and provided important information for genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Zhao
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics And Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Mei
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics And Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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29
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Glaser J, Iranzo J, Borensztein M, Marinucci M, Gualtieri A, Jouhanneau C, Teissandier A, Gaston-Massuet C, Bourc'his D. The imprinted Zdbf2 gene finely tunes control of feeding and growth in neonates. eLife 2022; 11:e65641. [PMID: 35049495 PMCID: PMC8809892 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting refers to the mono-allelic and parent-specific expression of a subset of genes. While long recognized for their role in embryonic development, imprinted genes have recently emerged as important modulators of postnatal physiology, notably through hypothalamus-driven functions. Here, using mouse models of loss, gain and parental inversion of expression, we report that the paternally expressed Zdbf2 gene controls neonatal growth in mice, in a dose-sensitive but parent-of-origin-independent manner. We further found that Zdbf2-KO neonates failed to fully activate hypothalamic circuits that stimulate appetite, and suffered milk deprivation and diminished circulating Insulin Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). Consequently, only half of Zdbf2-KO pups survived the first days after birth and those surviving were smaller. This study demonstrates that precise imprinted gene dosage is essential for vital physiological functions at the transition from intra- to extra-uterine life, here the adaptation to oral feeding and optimized body weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Glaser
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Julian Iranzo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Maud Borensztein
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Mattia Marinucci
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, CNRSParisFrance
| | - Angelica Gualtieri
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Colin Jouhanneau
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Animal Transgenesis PlatformParisFrance
| | | | - Carles Gaston-Massuet
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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30
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Kim B, Park Y, Cho SI, Kim MJ, Chae JH, Kim JY, Seong MW, Park SS. Clinical Utility of Methylation-Specific Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification for the Diagnosis of Prader-Willi Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:79-88. [PMID: 34374352 PMCID: PMC8368237 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.1.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are genomic imprinting disorders that are mainly caused by a deletion on 15q11-q13, the uniparental disomy of chromosome 15, or an imprinting defect. We evaluated the utility of methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) as a diagnostic tool and for demonstrating the relationship between molecular mechanisms and clinical presentation. Methods We performed MS-MLPA using DNA samples from 93 subjects (45 PWS, 24 AS, and 24 non-PWS/AS controls) who had previously undergone MS-PCR for the diagnosis of PWS/AS. We compared the results of both assays, and patients’ clinical phenotypes were reviewed retrospectively. Results MS-MLPA showed a 100% concordance rate with MS-PCR. Among the 45 PWS patients, 26 (57.8%) had a deletion of 15q11-q13, and the others (42.2%) had uniparental disomy 15 or an imprinting defect. Among the 24 AS patients, 16 (66.7%) had a deletion of 15q11-q13, 7 AS patients (29.2%) had uniparental disomy 15 or an imprinting defect, and one AS patient (4.2%) showed an imprinting center deletion. Conclusions MS-MLPA has clinical utility for the diagnosis of PWS/AS, and it is superior to MS-PCR in that it can identify the molecular mechanism underlying the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsook Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Im Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Jin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Biomedical research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon-Woo Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Biomedical research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Sup Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Biomedical research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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31
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Lindsly S, Jia W, Chen H, Liu S, Ronquist S, Chen C, Wen X, Stansbury C, Dotson GA, Ryan C, Rehemtulla A, Omenn GS, Wicha M, Li SC, Muir L, Rajapakse I. Functional organization of the maternal and paternal human 4D Nucleome. iScience 2021; 24:103452. [PMID: 34877507 PMCID: PMC8633971 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Every human somatic cell inherits a maternal and a paternal genome, which work together to give rise to cellular phenotypes. However, the allele-specific relationship between gene expression and genome structure through the cell cycle is largely unknown. By integrating haplotype-resolved genome-wide chromosome conformation capture, mature and nascent mRNA, and protein binding data from a B lymphoblastoid cell line, we investigate this relationship both globally and locally. We introduce the maternal and paternal 4D Nucleome, enabling detailed analysis of the mechanisms and dynamics of genome structure and gene function for diploid organisms. Our analyses find significant coordination between allelic expression biases and local genome conformation, and notably absent expression bias in universally essential cell cycle and glycolysis genes. We propose a model in which coordinated biallelic expression reflects prioritized preservation of essential gene sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lindsly
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenlong Jia
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Haiming Chen
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sijia Liu
- MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, IBM Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Scott Ronquist
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xingzhao Wen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cooper Stansbury
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gabrielle A. Dotson
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles Ryan
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alnawaz Rehemtulla
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gilbert S. Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Human Genetics, and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Max Wicha
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lindsey Muir
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author
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32
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Wang T, Li J, Yang L, Wu M, Ma Q. The Role of Long Non-coding RNAs in Human Imprinting Disorders: Prospective Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730014. [PMID: 34760887 PMCID: PMC8573313 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a term used for an intergenerational epigenetic inheritance and involves a subset of genes expressed in a parent-of-origin-dependent way. Imprinted genes are expressed preferentially from either the paternally or maternally inherited allele. Long non-coding RNAs play essential roles in regulating this allele-specific expression. In several well-studied imprinting clusters, long non-coding RNAs have been found to be essential in regulating temporal- and spatial-specific establishment and maintenance of imprinting patterns. Furthermore, recent insights into the epigenetic pathological mechanisms underlying human genomic imprinting disorders suggest that allele-specific expressed imprinted long non-coding RNAs serve as an upstream regulator of the expression of other protein-coding or non-coding imprinted genes in the same cluster. Aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs result in bi-allelic expression or silencing of neighboring imprinted genes. Here, we review the emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in regulating the expression of imprinted genes, especially in human imprinting disorders, and discuss three strategies targeting the central long non-coding RNA UBE3A-ATS for the purpose of developing therapies for the imprinting disorders Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome. In summary, a better understanding of long non-coding RNA-related mechanisms is key to the development of potential therapeutic targets for human imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjian Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liuyi Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Manyin Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Glavan D, Gheorman V, Gresita A, Hermann DM, Udristoiu I, Popa-Wagner A. Identification of transcriptome alterations in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and hippocampus of suicide victims. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18853. [PMID: 34552157 PMCID: PMC8458545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death globally for all ages, and as such presents a very serious problem for clinicians worldwide. However, the underlying neurobiological pathology remains to a large extent unknown. In order to address this gap, we have carried out a genome-wide investigation of the gene expression in the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and thalamus in post-mortem brain samples obtained from 20 suicide completers and 7 control subjects. By KEGG enrichment analysis indicated we identified novel clusters of downregulated pathways involved in antigen neutralization and autoimmune thyroid disease (amygdala, thalamus), decreased axonal plasticity in the hippocampus. Two upregulated pathways were involved in neuronal death in the hippocampus and olfactory transduction in the thalamus and the prefrontal cortex. Autoimmune thyroid disease pathway was downregulated only in females. Metabolic pathways involved in Notch signaling amino acid metabolism and unsaturated lipid synthesis were thalamus-specific. Suicide-associated changes in the expression of several genes and pseudogenes that point to various functional mechanisms possibly implicated in the pathology of suicide. Two genes (SNORA13 and RNU4-2) involved in RNA processing were common to all brain regions analyzed. Most of the identified gene expression changes were related to region-specific dysregulated manifestation of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders (SNORD114-10, SUSd1), motivation, addiction and motor disorders (CHRNA6), long-term depression (RAB3B), stress response, major depression and schizophrenia (GFAP), signal transduction at the neurovascular unit (NEXN) and inhibitory neurotransmission in spatial learning, neural plasticity (CALB2; CLIC6, ENPP1). Some of the differentially expressed genes were brain specific non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of translation (SNORA13). One, (PARM1) is a potential oncogene and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer with no known function in the brain. Disturbed gene expression involved in antigen neutralization, autoimmunity, neural plasticity, stress response, signal transduction at the neurovascular unit, dysregulated nuclear RNA processing and translation and epigenetic imprinting signatures is associated with suicide and point to regulatory non-coding RNAs as potential targets of new drugs development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Glavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Victor Gheorman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Andrei Gresita
- Griffith University Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Ion Udristoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Griffith University Menzies Health Institute of Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia. .,Chair of Vascular Neurology, Dementia and Ageing Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg, Essen, Germany.
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34
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Lin TY, Hsieh TT, Cheng PJ, Hung TH, Chan KS, Tsai C, Shaw SW. Taiwanese Clinical Experience with Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for DiGeorge Syndrome. Fetal Diagn Ther 2021; 48:672-677. [PMID: 34569534 DOI: 10.1159/000519057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is associated with microdeletions of chromosome 22q11. It is the second most common cause of congenital heart disease and is an important consideration whenever a conotruncal cardiac anomaly is identified. The availability of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is altering the practice of prenatal genetics and maternal-fetal medicine, resulting in a decline in invasive testing. Antenatal ultrasound and other biomarkers have their own limitation. NIPT was proposed to screen DGS with cell-free DNA in Taiwan. Here, we present our experience of prenatal diagnosis of DGS in our center. METHODS This was a retrospective study between November 1, 2019, and August 31, 2020, in Taiwan. Data were collected from 7,826 pregnant women self-referred for DGS screening with massive parallel shotgun sequencing-based NIPT. High-risk cases subsequently received amniocentesis for array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) to confirm the diagnosis. Characteristics of pregnancies were documented when participants received the test. Report of NIPT was completed 2 weeks after the test. Follow-up on high-risk cases was completed by telephone interview on January 30, 2021. RESULTS Thirteen cases showed high risk by NIPT, and 7 cases were confirmed by aCGH. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] 64.57-100.00%) and 99.92% (95% CI 99.83-99.96%). The prevalence of DGS was 1 in 1,118 pregnancies. The positive predictive rate was 53.85% (95% CI 29.14-76.79%). One true positive (TP) showed US anomaly, and 5 TPs selected termination. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION NIPT demonstrated good performance in DGS screening. Detection of 22q11.2 deletion could be combined with routine screening to facilitate proper intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - T'sang-T'ang Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Cheng
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ho Hung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Seong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom
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35
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Panov J, Kaphzan H. Angelman Syndrome and Angelman-like Syndromes Share the Same Calcium-Related Gene Signatures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9870. [PMID: 34576033 PMCID: PMC8469403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angelman-like syndromes are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that entail clinical presentation similar to Angelman Syndrome (AS). In our previous study, we showed that calcium signaling is disrupted in AS, and we identified calcium-target and calcium-regulating gene signatures that are able to differentiate between AS and their controls in different models. In the herein study, we evaluated these sets of calcium-target and calcium-regulating genes as signatures of AS-like and non-AS-like syndromes. We collected a number of RNA-seq datasets of various AS-like and non-AS-like syndromes and performed Principle Component Analysis (PCA) separately on the two sets of signature genes to visualize the distribution of samples on the PC1-PC2 plane. In addition to the evaluation of calcium signature genes, we performed differential gene expression analyses to identify calcium-related genes dysregulated in each of the studied syndromes. These analyses showed that the calcium-target and calcium-regulating signatures differentiate well between AS-like syndromes and their controls. However, in spite of the fact that many of the non-AS-like syndromes have multiple differentially expressed calcium-related genes, the calcium signatures were not efficient classifiers for non-AS-like neurodevelopmental disorders. These results show that features based on clinical presentation are reflected in signatures derived from bioinformatics analyses and suggest the use of bioinformatics as a tool for classification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanoch Kaphzan
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Psychiatric Disorders, Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
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36
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Berisha SZ, Shetty S, Prior TW, Mitchell AL. Cytogenetic and molecular diagnostic testing associated with prenatal and postnatal birth defects. Birth Defects Res 2021; 112:293-306. [PMID: 32115903 PMCID: PMC9290954 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetic testing is beneficial for patients and providers when in search of answers to medical problems related to the prenatal or early postnatal period. It can help to identify the cause or confirm a diagnosis associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, heart defects, multiple malformations, short stature, stillbirth, neonatal death, or fertility problems. Genetic testing can be used to rule out single‐gene or chromosome abnormalities. Different diagnostic cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques are applied in clinical genetics laboratories, from conventional ones to the state of the art chromosomal microarrays and next‐generation sequencing. Each of the genetic techniques or methods has its strengths and limitations, however different methods complement each‐other in trying to identify the genetic variation(s) responsible for a medical condition, especially the ones related to birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stela Z Berisha
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shashi Shetty
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas W Prior
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anna L Mitchell
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio
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37
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Bosque JR, Gómez-Nieto R, Hormigo S, Herrero-Turrión MJ, Díaz-Casado E, Sancho C, López DE. Molecular tools for the characterization of seizure susceptibility in genetic rodent models of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121:106594. [PMID: 31685382 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormal neuronal activity that arises from imbalances between excitatory and inhibitory synapses, which are highly correlated to functional and structural changes in specific brain regions. The difference between the normal and the epileptic brain may harbor genetic alterations, gene expression changes, and/or protein alterations in the epileptogenic nucleus. It is becoming increasingly clear that such differences contribute to the development of distinct epilepsy phenotypes. The current major challenges in epilepsy research include understanding the disease progression and clarifying epilepsy classifications by searching for novel molecular biomarkers. Thus, the application of molecular techniques to carry out comprehensive studies at deoxyribonucleic acid, messenger ribonucleic acid, and protein levels is of utmost importance to elucidate molecular dysregulations in the epileptic brain. The present review focused on the great diversity of technical approaches available and new research methodology, which are already being used to study molecular alterations underlying epilepsy. We have grouped the different techniques according to each step in the flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins, and illustrated with specific examples in animal models of epilepsy, some of which are our own. Separately and collectively, the genomic and proteomic techniques, each with its own strengths and limitations, provide valuable information on molecular mechanisms underlying seizure susceptibility and regulation of neuronal excitability. Determining the molecular differences between genetic rodent models of epilepsy and their wild-type counterparts might be a key in determining mechanisms of seizure susceptibility and epileptogenesis as well as the discovery and development of novel antiepileptic agents. This article is part of the Special Issue "NEWroscience 2018".
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ramón Bosque
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Spain
| | - Ricardo Gómez-Nieto
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Spain; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Sebastián Hormigo
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Javier Herrero-Turrión
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; INCYL Neurological Tissue Bank (BTN-INCYL), Spain
| | - Elena Díaz-Casado
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Spain
| | - Consuelo Sancho
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Spain
| | - Dolores E López
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Salamanca Institute for Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Spain; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, United States of America.
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38
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Li H, Wu G, Zhao L, Zhang M. Suppressed inflammation in obese children induced by a high-fiber diet is associated with the attenuation of gut microbial virulence factor genes. Virulence 2021; 12:1754-1770. [PMID: 34233588 PMCID: PMC8274444 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1948252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, a gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention with a high-fiber diet improved the immune status of both genetically obese (Prader-Willi Syndrome, PWS) and simple obese (SO) children. However, PWS children had higher inflammation levels than SO children throughout the trial, the gut microbiota of the two cohorts was similar. As some virulence factors (VFs) produced by the gut microbiota play a role in triggering host inflammation, this study compared the characteristics and changes of gut microbial VF genes of the two cohorts before and after the intervention using a fecal metagenomic dataset. We found that in both cohorts, the high-fiber diet reduced the abundance of VF, and particularly pathogen-specific, genes. The composition of VF genes was also modulated, especially for offensive and defensive VF genes. Furthermore, genes belonging to invasion, T3SS (type III secretion system), and adherence classes were suppressed. Co-occurrence network analysis detected VF gene clusters closely related to host inflammation in each cohort. Though these cohort-specific clusters varied in VF gene combinations and cascade reactions affecting inflammation, they mainly contained VFs belonging to iron uptake, T3SS, and invasion classes. The PWS group had a lower abundance of VF genes before the trial, which suggested that other factors could also be responsible for the increased inflammation in this cohort. This study provides insight into the modulation of VF gene structure in the gut microbiota by a high-fiber diet, with respect to reduced inflammation in obese children, and differences in VF genes between these two cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology and New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
| | - Menghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Gou L, Fang Y, Wang N, Zhang M, Liu T, Wang Y, Hu S, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Wang Y, Suo F, Gu M. Clinical management of pregnancies with positive screening results for rare autosomal aneuploidies at a single center. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520966877. [PMID: 33167762 PMCID: PMC7658522 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520966877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To review our experiences on clinical management of pregnancies with positive noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) results for rare autosomal aneuploidies (RAAs) at a single center. Methods We performed a retrospective study and reviewed data from 18,016 pregnancies undergoing NIPT at a single center in China from March 2017 to February 2020. Depending on the patient’s choice, women with positive screening results for RAAs underwent chromosomal microarray analysis for invasive prenatal diagnosis. Results Thirty-three positive cases for RAAs were identified, with a positive screening rate of 0.18%. The most common RAA was trisomy 7 (33.3%), while trisomies for other chromosomes were less frequent. Monosomies involving chromosomes 16, 14, and 22 were observed. Twenty-eight cases of RAAs underwent invasive diagnosis. Abnormal pregnancy outcomes were observed in four cases, including true fetal mosaicism (n=1), partial uniparental disomy (n=1), miscarriage (n=1), and structural anomalies on ultrasound (n=1). Conclusions RAAs at NIPT might be associated with fetal uniparental disomy, mosaic aneuploidy, and poor pregnancy outcomes, but most positive cases have normal pregnancy outcomes. For RAAs, genetic counseling on the potential risks of abnormal NIPT results, as well as on benefits and limitations of invasive prenatal diagnosis, might help guide clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingshan Gou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Wang
- DAAN Gene Co., Ltd. of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Zhejiang Biosan Biochemical Technologies Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianya Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shunan Hu
- Office of Scientific Research & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Zhejiang Biosan Biochemical Technologies Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Suo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maosheng Gu
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Greco D, Vetri L, Ragusa L, Vinci M, Gloria A, Occhipinti P, Costanzo AA, Quatrosi G, Roccella M, Buono S, Romano C. Prader-Willi Syndrome with Angelman Syndrome in the Offspring. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57050460. [PMID: 34066798 PMCID: PMC8150800 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the second case, to the best of our knowledge, of a mother with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) who gave birth to a daughter with Angelman syndrome (AS). The menarche occurred when she was 16, and the following menstrual cycles were irregular, but she never took sexual hormone replacement therapy. At the age of 26, our patient with PWS became pregnant. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular genetic testing that revealed a ~5.7 Mb deletion in the 15q11.1–15q13 region on the paternal allele in the mother with PWS and the maternal one in the daughter with AS, respectively. Both the mother with PWS and the daughter with AS showed peculiar clinical and genetic features of the two syndromes. Our case report reaffirms the possible fertility in PWS; therefore, it is very important to develop appropriate socio-sexual education programs and fertility assessments in order to guarantee the expression of a healthy sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Greco
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Luigi Vetri
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-328-643-4126
| | - Letizia Ragusa
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Mirella Vinci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Angelo Gloria
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Paola Occhipinti
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Angela Antonia Costanzo
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Quatrosi
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Michele Roccella
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Serafino Buono
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Corrado Romano
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (D.G.); (L.R.); (M.V.); (A.G.); (P.O.); (A.A.C.); (S.B.); (C.R.)
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Kopca T, Tulay P. Association of Assisted Reproductive Technology Treatments with Imprinting Disorders. Glob Med Genet 2021; 8:1-6. [PMID: 33748817 PMCID: PMC7964251 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a broad field in infertility that encompasses different types of treatments. These revolutionary treatment methods aimed to aid infertile or subfertile couples. Treatment was expanded exponentially, as 1 to 3% of the births worldwide takes place with ART procedures. However, treatment is not flawless. Gametes and embryos are exposed to different chemicals and stress through treatment, which leads to disturbance in proper embryo development and results in prenatal and congenital anomalies. When compared with in-vivo development of gametes and preimplantation embryos in mice, in-vitro conditions during ART treatments have been suggested to disturb the gene expression levels, especially imprinted genes. Therefore, ART has been suggested to be associated with increased incidences of different imprinting disorders such as Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and Silver–Russell syndrome, as proved by different case reports and studies. This literature review aims to explain the association of imprinting disorders with this revolutionary treatment procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kopca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Pinar Tulay
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Near East University, DESAM Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Keute M, Miller MT, Krishnan ML, Sadhwani A, Chamberlain S, Thibert RL, Tan WH, Bird LM, Hipp JF. Angelman syndrome genotypes manifest varying degrees of clinical severity and developmental impairment. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3625-3633. [PMID: 32792659 PMCID: PMC8505254 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder due to impaired expression of UBE3A in neurons. There are several genetic mechanisms that impair UBE3A expression, but they differ in how neighboring genes on chromosome 15 at 15q11-q13 are affected. There is evidence that different genetic subtypes present with different clinical severity, but a systematic quantitative investigation is lacking. Here we analyze natural history data on a large sample of individuals with AS (n = 250, 848 assessments), including clinical scales that quantify development of motor, cognitive, and language skills (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition; Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition), adaptive behavior (Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scales, Second Edition), and AS-specific symptoms (AS Clinical Severity Scale). We found that clinical severity, as captured by these scales, differs between genetic subtypes: individuals with UBE3A pathogenic variants and imprinting defects (IPD) are less affected than individuals with uniparental paternal disomy (UPD); of those with UBE3A pathogenic variants, individuals with truncating mutations are more impaired than those with missense mutations. Individuals with a deletion that encompasses UBE3A and other genes are most impaired, but in contrast to previous work, we found little evidence for an influence of deletion length (class I vs. II) on severity of manifestations. The results of this systematic analysis highlight the relevance of genomic regions beyond UBE3A as contributing factors in the AS phenotype, and provide important information for the development of new therapies for AS. More generally, this work exemplifies how increasing genetic irregularities are reflected in clinical severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Keute
- grid.417570.00000 0004 0374 1269Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Meghan T. Miller
- grid.417570.00000 0004 0374 1269Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michelle L. Krishnan
- grid.417570.00000 0004 0374 1269Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anjali Sadhwani
- grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Stormy Chamberlain
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT USA
| | - Ronald L. Thibert
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Wen-Hann Tan
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Lynne M. Bird
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA ,grid.286440.c0000 0004 0383 2910Department of Genetics/Dysmorphology, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Joerg F. Hipp
- grid.417570.00000 0004 0374 1269Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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43
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Edwards CA, Takahashi N, Corish JA, Ferguson-Smith AC. The origins of genomic imprinting in mammals. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1203-1218. [PMID: 30615843 DOI: 10.1071/rd18176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a process that causes genes to be expressed according to their parental origin. Imprinting appears to have evolved gradually in two of the three mammalian subclasses, with no imprinted genes yet identified in prototheria and only six found to be imprinted in marsupials to date. By interrogating the genomes of eutherian suborders, we determine that imprinting evolved at the majority of eutherian specific genes before the eutherian radiation. Theories considering the evolution of imprinting often relate to resource allocation and recently consider maternal-offspring interactions more generally, which, in marsupials, places a greater emphasis on lactation. In eutherians, the imprint memory is retained at least in part by zinc finger protein 57 (ZFP57), a Kruppel associated box (KRAB) zinc finger protein that binds specifically to methylated imprinting control regions. Some imprints are less dependent on ZFP57invivo and it may be no coincidence that these are the imprints that are found in marsupials. Because marsupials lack ZFP57, this suggests another more ancestral protein evolved to regulate imprints in non-eutherian subclasses, and contributes to imprinting control in eutherians. Hence, understanding the mechanisms acting at imprinting control regions across mammals has the potential to provide valuable insights into our understanding of the origins and evolution of genomic imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Edwards
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Jennifer A Corish
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Anne C Ferguson-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
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Hebras J, Marty V, Personnaz J, Mercier P, Krogh N, Nielsen H, Aguirrebengoa M, Seitz H, Pradere JP, Guiard BP, Cavaille J. Reassessment of the involvement of Snord115 in the serotonin 2c receptor pathway in a genetically relevant mouse model. eLife 2020; 9:60862. [PMID: 33016258 PMCID: PMC7673782 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SNORD115 has been proposed to promote the activity of serotonin (HTR2C) receptor via its ability to base pair with its pre-mRNA and regulate alternative RNA splicing and/or A-to-I RNA editing. Because SNORD115 genes are deleted in most patients with the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), diminished HTR2C receptor activity could contribute to the impaired emotional response and/or compulsive overeating characteristic of this disease. In order to test this appealing but never demonstrated hypothesis in vivo, we created a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Snord115 knockout mouse. Surprisingly, we uncovered only modest region-specific alterations in Htr2c RNA editing profiles, while Htr2c alternative RNA splicing was unchanged. These subtle changes, whose functional relevance remains uncertain, were not accompanied by any discernible defects in anxio-depressive-like phenotypes. Energy balance and eating behavior were also normal, even after exposure to high-fat diet. Our study raises questions concerning the physiological role of SNORD115, notably its involvement in behavioural disturbance associated with PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Hebras
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Marty
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Personnaz
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), France Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Mercier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolai Krogh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marion Aguirrebengoa
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Seitz
- IGH (CNRS and University of Montpellier), Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Phillipe Pradere
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), France Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université de Toulouse Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno P Guiard
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Cavaille
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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45
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Reiner D, Seifert L, Deck C, Schüle R, Jung M, Stark H. Epigenetics meets GPCR: inhibition of histone H3 methyltransferase (G9a) and histamine H 3 receptor for Prader-Willi Syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13558. [PMID: 32782417 PMCID: PMC7419559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of epigenetic regulation is in large parts connected to cancer, but additionally, its therapeutic claim in neurological disorders has emerged. Inhibition of histone H3 lysine N-methyltransferase, especially G9a, has been recently shown to restore candidate genes from silenced parental chromosomes in the imprinting disorder Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). In addition to this epigenetic approach, pitolisant as G-protein coupled histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonist has demonstrated promising therapeutic effects for Prader-Willi syndrome. To combine these pioneering principles of drug action, we aimed to identify compounds that combine both activities, guided by the pharmacophore blueprint for both targets. However, pitolisant as selective H3R inverse agonist with FDA and EMA-approval did not show the required inhibition at G9a. Pharmacological characterization of the prominent G9a inhibitor A-366, that is as well an inhibitor of the epigenetic reader protein Spindlin1, revealed its high affinity at H3R while showing subtype selectivity among subsets of the histaminergic and dopaminergic receptor families. This work moves prominent G9a ligands forward as pharmacological tools to prove for a potentially combined, symptomatic and causal, therapy in PWS by bridging the gap between drug development for G-protein coupled receptors and G9a as an epigenetic effector in a multi-targeting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reiner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ludwig Seifert
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Deck
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schüle
- Department of Urology, Center for Clinical Research, Medical Center, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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46
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Yang L, Ma B, Mao S, Zhou Q, Zou C. Establishing perinatal and neonatal features of Prader-Willi syndrome for efficient diagnosis and outcomes. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2020.1802718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Shujiong Mao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hangzhou Children’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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47
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Yang X. Characterizing spine issues: If offers novel therapeutics to Angelman syndrome. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:200-209. [PMID: 32378784 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe mental retardation, microcephaly, speech impairment, frequent epilepsy, EEG abnormalities, ataxic movements, tongue protrusion, bursts of laughter, sleep abruptions, and hyperactivity. AS results from loss of function of the imprinted UBE3A (ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A) gene on chromosome 15q11-q13, including a mutation on the maternal allele of Ube3a, a large deletion of the maternally inherited chromosomal region 15q11-13, paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15q11-13, or an imprinting defect. The Ube3a maternal deleted mouse model recaptured the major phenotypes of AS patients include seizure, learning and memory impairments, sleep disturbance, and motor problems. Owing to the activity-dependent structural and functional plasticity, dendritic spines are believed as the basic subcellular compartment for learning and memory and the sites where LTP and LTD are induced. Defects of spine formation and dynamics are common among several neurodevelopmental disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders including AS and reflect the underlying synaptopathology, which drives clinically relevant behavioral deficits. This review will summarize the impaired spine density, morphology, and synaptic plasticity in AS and propose that future explorations on spine dynamics and synaptic plasticity may help develop novel interventions and therapy for neurodevelopmental disorders like AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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48
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Zhu Y, Sun D, Jakovcevski M, Jiang Y. Epigenetic mechanism of SETDB1 in brain: implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:115. [PMID: 32321908 PMCID: PMC7176658 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are a collective of cerebral conditions with a multifactorial and polygenetic etiology. Dysregulation of epigenetic profiles in the brain is considered to play a critical role in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. SET domain, bifurcate 1 (SETDB1), functioning as a histone H3K9 specific methyltransferase, is not only critically involved in transcriptional silencing and local heterochromatin formation, but also affects genome-wide neuronal epigenetic profiles and is essential for 3D genome integrity. Here, we provide a review of recent advances towards understanding the role of SETDB1 in the central nervous system during early neurodevelopment as well as in the adult brain, with a particular focus on studies that link its functions to neuropsychiatric disorders and related behavioral changes, and the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies targeting SETDB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Zhu
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Daijing Sun
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Mira Jakovcevski
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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49
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Khosravizadeh Z, Hassanzadeh G, Tavakkoly Bazzaz J, Alizadeh F, Totonchi M, Salehi E, Khodamoradi K, Khanehzad M, Hosseini SR, Abolhassani F. The effect of cryopreservation on DNA methylation patterns of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region in human spermatozoa. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 21:433-445. [PMID: 32253620 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human sperm cryopreservation is a common technique which is used in assisted reproductive technologies. Despite the existence of evidence supporting the production of ROS and DNA fragmentation during sperm cryopreservation, there is little and equivocal information about the cryopreservation effects on methylation of imprinted genes and imprinting control regions. In this study, we have investigated the effects of cryopreservation on DNA methylation in promoter regions of SNURF-SNRPN and UBE3A imprinted genes, PWS-ICR and AS-ICR in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. Semen samples from 10 healthy normozoospermic men were collected and each sample was divided into four equal aliquots: fresh, cryoprotectant, cryopreservation, and H2O2. We measured the ROS levels and DNA fragmentation using DCFH-DA and TUNEL assay respectively by flow cytometry. DNA methylation in promoter regions of SNURF-SNRPN and UBE3A imprinted genes, PWS-ICR and AS-ICR in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region were evaluated by quantitative methylation-specific PCR technique. Intracellular levels of ROS and percentage of TUNEL-positive spermatozoa significantly increased in cryopreservation group compared to fresh group. Exposure to cryoprotectant had no significant effect on ROS levels and DNA fragmentation. Neither cryopreservation nor exposure to cryoprotectant significantly affected DNA methylation of the selected gene regions. However, DNA fragmentation had positive correlation with DNA methylation of AS-ICR. In conclusion, based on our study, clinical use of sperm cryopreservation for fertility treatments appear to be safe in regard to DNA methylation in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khosravizadeh
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly Bazzaz
- Faculty of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Faculty of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, South Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Faculty of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Salehi
- Faculty of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Bandar Abbas, Iran.,Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Kajal Khodamoradi
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanehzad
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Faculty of Urology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Street, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farid Abolhassani
- Faculty of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, 16 Azar Avenue, Poor Sina Street, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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DNA Methylation in the Diagnosis of Monogenic Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040355. [PMID: 32224912 PMCID: PMC7231024 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation in the human genome is largely programmed and shaped by transcription factor binding and interaction between DNA methyltransferases and histone marks during gamete and embryo development. Normal methylation profiles can be modified at single or multiple loci, more frequently as consequences of genetic variants acting in cis or in trans, or in some cases stochastically or through interaction with environmental factors. For many developmental disorders, specific methylation patterns or signatures can be detected in blood DNA. The recent use of high-throughput assays investigating the whole genome has largely increased the number of diseases for which DNA methylation analysis provides information for their diagnosis. Here, we review the methylation abnormalities that have been associated with mono/oligogenic diseases, their relationship with genotype and phenotype and relevance for diagnosis, as well as the limitations in their use and interpretation of results.
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