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Casula EP, Esposito R, Dezi S, Ortelli P, Sebastianelli L, Ferrazzoli D, Saltuari L, Pezzopane V, Borghi I, Rocchi L, Ajello V, Trinka E, Oliviero A, Koch G, Versace V. Reduced TMS-evoked EEG oscillatory activity in cortical motor regions in patients with post-COVID fatigue. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 165:26-35. [PMID: 38943790 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persistent fatigue is a major symptom of the so-called 'long-COVID syndrome', but the pathophysiological processes that cause it remain unclear. We hypothesized that fatigue after COVID-19 would be associated with altered cortical activity in premotor and motor regions. METHODS We used transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with EEG (TMS-EEG) to explore the neural oscillatory activity of the left primary motor area (l-M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) in a group of sixteen post-COVID patients complaining of lingering fatigue as compared to a sample of age-matched healthy controls. Perceived fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Fatigue Rating Scale (FRS). RESULTS Post-COVID patients showed a remarkable reduction of beta frequency in both areas. Correlation analysis exploring linear relation between neurophysiological and clinical measures revealed a significant inverse correlation between the individual level of beta oscillations evoked by TMS of SMA with the individual scores in the FRS (r(15) = -0.596; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Post-COVID fatigue is associated with a reduction of TMS-evoked beta oscillatory activity in SMA. SIGNIFICANCE TMS-EEG could be used to identify early alterations of cortical oscillatory activity that could be related to the COVID impact in central fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias P Casula
- Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Via Cracovia 50, 00133, Rome, Italy; Experimental Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Esposito
- Experimental Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dezi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Paola Ortelli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Luca Sebastianelli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Davide Ferrazzoli
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Leopold Saltuari
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Valentina Pezzopane
- Experimental Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Borghi
- Experimental Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rocchi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Via Università 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valentina Ajello
- Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care and Neurorehabilitation, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University, Member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Neuroscience Institute, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Neurorehabilitation and Space Neurology, Julius Raab-Promenade 49/1, 3100 St. Pölten, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, FINCA DE, Carr. de la Peraleda, S/N, 45004 Toledo, Spain; Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Hospital Los Madroños, M-501 Km 17, 900 - 28690 Brunete, Spain
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Experimental Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 354, 00179, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Ludovico Ariosto 35, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Viviana Versace
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Hospital of Vipiteno (SABES-ASDAA), Vipiteno-Sterzing, Italy, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Unversity (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Department of Neurology, Neurocritical Care and Neurorehabilitation, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University, Member of the European Reference Network EpiCARE, Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
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Erdbrügger T, Höltershinken M, Radecke J, Buschermöhle Y, Wallois F, Pursiainen S, Gross J, Lencer R, Engwer C, Wolters C. CutFEM-based MEG forward modeling improves source separability and sensitivity to quasi-radial sources: A somatosensory group study. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26810. [PMID: 39140847 PMCID: PMC11323619 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Source analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG) data requires the computation of the magnetic fields induced by current sources in the brain. This so-called MEG forward problem includes an accurate estimation of the volume conduction effects in the human head. Here, we introduce the Cut finite element method (CutFEM) for the MEG forward problem. CutFEM's meshing process imposes fewer restrictions on tissue anatomy than tetrahedral meshes while being able to mesh curved geometries contrary to hexahedral meshing. To evaluate the new approach, we compare CutFEM with a boundary element method (BEM) that distinguishes three tissue compartments and a 6-compartment hexahedral FEM in an n = 19 group study of somatosensory evoked fields (SEF). The neural generators of the 20 ms post-stimulus SEF components (M20) are reconstructed using both an unregularized and a regularized inversion approach. Changing the forward model resulted in reconstruction differences of about 1 centimeter in location and considerable differences in orientation. The tested 6-compartment FEM approaches significantly increase the goodness of fit to the measured data compared with the 3-compartment BEM. They also demonstrate higher quasi-radial contributions for sources below the gyral crowns. Furthermore, CutFEM improves source separability compared with both other approaches. We conclude that head models with 6 compartments rather than 3 and the new CutFEM approach are valuable additions to MEG source reconstruction, in particular for sources that are predominantly radial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Erdbrügger
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Institute for Analysis and Numerics, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Malte Höltershinken
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Institute for Analysis and Numerics, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Jan‐Ole Radecke
- Deptartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
- Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism (CBBM)University of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Yvonne Buschermöhle
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Picardie Jules VerneAmiensFrance
| | - Sampsa Pursiainen
- Computing Sciences Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Communication SciencesTampere UniversityTampereFinland
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Rebekka Lencer
- Deptartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
- Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism (CBBM)University of LübeckLübeckGermany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Christian Engwer
- Institute for Analysis and Numerics, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Carsten Wolters
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
- Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of MünsterMünsterGermany
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3
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Wang B, Peterchev AV, Gaugain G, Ilmoniemi RJ, Grill WM, Bikson M, Nikolayev D. Quasistatic approximation in neuromodulation. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:10.1088/1741-2552/ad625e. [PMID: 38994790 PMCID: PMC11370654 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad625e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
We define and explain the quasistatic approximation (QSA) as applied to field modeling for electrical and magnetic stimulation. Neuromodulation analysis pipelines include discrete stages, and QSA is applied specifically when calculating the electric and magnetic fields generated in tissues by a given stimulation dose. QSA simplifies the modeling equations to support tractable analysis, enhanced understanding, and computational efficiency. The application of QSA in neuromodulation is based on four underlying assumptions: (A1) no wave propagation or self-induction in tissue, (A2) linear tissue properties, (A3) purely resistive tissue, and (A4) non-dispersive tissue. As a consequence of these assumptions, each tissue is assigned a fixed conductivity, and the simplified equations (e.g. Laplace's equation) are solved for the spatial distribution of the field, which is separated from the field's temporal waveform. Recognizing that electrical tissue properties may be more complex, we explain how QSA can be embedded in parallel or iterative pipelines to model frequency dependence or nonlinearity of conductivity. We survey the history and validity of QSA across specific applications, such as microstimulation, deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The precise definition and explanation of QSA in neuromodulation are essential for rigor when using QSA models or testing their limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshuo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Gaugain
- Institut d’Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR UMR 6164), CNRS / University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Risto J Ilmoniemi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America
| | - Marom Bikson
- The City College of New York, New York, NY 11238, United States of America
| | - Denys Nikolayev
- Institut d’Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR UMR 6164), CNRS / University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
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Franco-Rosado P, Callejón MA, Reina-Tosina J, Roa LM, Martin-Rodriguez JF, Mir P. Addressing the sources of inter-subject variability in E-field parameters in anodal tDCS stimulation over motor cortical network. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:145013. [PMID: 38917834 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad5bb9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Objetive: .Although transcranial direct current stimulation constitutes a non-invasive neuromodulation technique with promising results in a great variety of applications, its clinical implementation is compromised by the high inter-subject variability reported. This study aims to analyze the inter-subject variability in electric fields (E-fields) over regions of the cortical motor network under two electrode montages: the classical C3Fp2 and an alternative P3F3, which confines more the E-field over this region.Approach.Computational models of the head of 98 healthy subjects were developed to simulate the E-field under both montages. E-field parameters such as magnitude, focality and orientation were calculated over three regions of interest (ROI): M1S1, supplementary motor area (SMA) and preSMA. The role of anatomical characteristics as a source of inter-subject variability on E-field parameters and individualized stimulation intensity were addressed using linear mixed-effect models.Main results.P3F3 showed a more confined E-field distribution over M1S1 than C3Fp2; the latter elicited higher E-fields over supplementary motor areas. Both montages showed high inter-subject variability, especially for the normal component over C3Fp2. Skin, bone and CSF ROI volumes showed a negative association with E-field magnitude irrespective of montage. Grey matter volume and montage were the main sources of variability for focality. The curvature of gyri was found to be significantly associated with the variability of normal E-fields.Significance.Computational modeling proves useful in the assessment of E-field variability. Our simulations predict significant differences in E-field magnitude and focality for C3Fp2 and P3F3. However, anatomical characteristics were also found to be significant sources of E-field variability irrespective of electrode montage. The normal E-field component better captured the individual variability and low rate of responder subjects observed in experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Franco-Rosado
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Amparo Callejón
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Reina-Tosina
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Laura M Roa
- Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan F Martin-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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5
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Niemann F, Riemann S, Hubert AK, Antonenko D, Thielscher A, Martin AK, Unger N, Flöel A, Meinzer M. Electrode positioning errors reduce current dose for focal tDCS set-ups: Evidence from individualized electric field mapping. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 162:201-209. [PMID: 38643613 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electrode positioning errors contribute to variability of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects. We investigated the impact of electrode positioning errors on current flow for tDCS set-ups with different focality. METHODS Deviations from planned electrode positions were determined using data acquired in an experimental study (N = 240 datasets) that administered conventional and focal tDCS during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Comparison of individualized electric field modeling for planned and empirically derived "actual" electrode positions was conducted to quantify the impact of positioning errors on the electric field dose in target regions for tDCS. RESULTS Planned electrode positions resulted in higher current dose in the target regions for focal compared to conventional montages (7-12%). Deviations from planned positions significantly reduced current flow in the target regions, selectively for focal set-ups (26-30%). Dose reductions were significantly larger for focal compared to conventional set-ups (29-43%). CONCLUSIONS Precise positioning is crucial when using focal tDCS set-ups to avoid significant reductions of current dose in the intended target regions. SIGNIFICANCE Our results highlight the urgent need to routinely implement methods for improving electrode positioning, minimization of electrode drift, verification of electrode positions before and/or after tDCS and also to consider positioning errors when investigating dose-response relationships, especially for focal set-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Niemann
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Steffen Riemann
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Hubert
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daria Antonenko
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Thielscher
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Department of Health Technology, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew K Martin
- Kent University, School of Psychology, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Unger
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Site Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Meinzer
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Neurology, Greifswald, Germany.
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Gomez-Tames J, Fernández-Corazza M. Perspectives on Optimized Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Based on Spatial Electric Field Modeling in Humans. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3084. [PMID: 38892794 PMCID: PMC11172989 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) generates an electric field (or current density) in the brain through surface electrodes attached to the scalp. Clinical significance has been demonstrated, although with moderate and heterogeneous results partly due to a lack of control of the delivered electric currents. In the last decade, computational electric field analysis has allowed the estimation and optimization of the electric field using accurate anatomical head models. This review examines recent tES computational studies, providing a comprehensive background on the technical aspects of adopting computational electric field analysis as a standardized procedure in medical applications. Methods: Specific search strategies were designed to retrieve papers from the Web of Science database. The papers were initially screened based on the soundness of the title and abstract and then on their full contents, resulting in a total of 57 studies. Results: Recent trends were identified in individual- and population-level analysis of the electric field, including head models from non-neurotypical individuals. Advanced optimization techniques that allow a high degree of control with the required focality and direction of the electric field were also summarized. There is also growing evidence of a correlation between the computationally estimated electric field and the observed responses in real experiments. Conclusions: Computational pipelines and optimization algorithms have reached a degree of maturity that provides a rationale to improve tES experimental design and a posteriori analysis of the responses for supporting clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Gomez-Tames
- Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Mariano Fernández-Corazza
- LEICI Institute of Research in Electronics, Control and Signal Processing, National University of La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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Wang B, Peterchev AV, Gaugain G, Ilmoniemi RJ, Grill WM, Bikson M, Nikolayev D. Quasistatic approximation in neuromodulation. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2402.00486v5. [PMID: 38351938 PMCID: PMC10862934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
We define and explain the quasistatic approximation (QSA) as applied to field modeling for electrical and magnetic stimulation. Neuromodulation analysis pipelines include discrete stages, and QSA is applied specifically when calculating the electric and magnetic fields generated in tissues by a given stimulation dose. QSA simplifies the modeling equations to support tractable analysis, enhanced understanding, and computational efficiency. The application of QSA in neuro-modulation is based on four underlying assumptions: (A1) no wave propagation or self-induction in tissue, (A2) linear tissue properties, (A3) purely resistive tissue, and (A4) non-dispersive tissue. As a consequence of these assumptions, each tissue is assigned a fixed conductivity, and the simplified equations (e.g., Laplace's equation) are solved for the spatial distribution of the field, which is separated from the field's temporal waveform. Recognizing that electrical tissue properties may be more complex, we explain how QSA can be embedded in parallel or iterative pipelines to model frequency dependence or nonlinearity of conductivity. We survey the history and validity of QSA across specific applications, such as microstimulation, deep brain stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The precise definition and explanation of QSA in neuromodulation are essential for rigor when using QSA models or testing their limits.
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Areces-Gonzalez A, Paz-Linares D, Riaz U, Wang Y, Li M, Razzaq FA, Bosch-Bayard JF, Gonzalez-Moreira E, Ontivero-Ortega M, Galan-Garcia L, Martínez-Montes E, Minati L, Valdes-Sosa MJ, Bringas-Vega ML, Valdes-Sosa PA. CiftiStorm pipeline: facilitating reproducible EEG/MEG source connectomics. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1237245. [PMID: 38680452 PMCID: PMC11047451 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1237245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We present CiftiStorm, an electrophysiological source imaging (ESI) pipeline incorporating recently developed methods to improve forward and inverse solutions. The CiftiStorm pipeline produces Human Connectome Project (HCP) and megconnectome-compliant outputs from dataset inputs with varying degrees of spatial resolution. The input data can range from low-sensor-density electroencephalogram (EEG) or magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recordings without structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) to high-density EEG/MEG recordings with an HCP multimodal sMRI compliant protocol. CiftiStorm introduces a numerical quality control of the lead field and geometrical corrections to the head and source models for forward modeling. For the inverse modeling, we present a Bayesian estimation of the cross-spectrum of sources based on multiple priors. We facilitate ESI in the T1w/FSAverage32k high-resolution space obtained from individual sMRI. We validate this feature by comparing CiftiStorm outputs for EEG and MRI data from the Cuban Human Brain Mapping Project (CHBMP) acquired with technologies a decade before the HCP MEG and MRI standardized dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariosky Areces-Gonzalez
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Technical Sciences, University “Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca” of Pinar del Río, Pinar del Rio, Cuba
| | - Deirel Paz-Linares
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Cuban Neurosciences Center, Havana, Cuba
| | - Usama Riaz
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuleah A. Razzaq
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jorge F. Bosch-Bayard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neurosciences MCIN, LudmerCentre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eduardo Gonzalez-Moreira
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States
| | | | | | | | - Marlis Ontivero-Ortega
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Cuban Neurosciences Center, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Ludovico Minati
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Maria L. Bringas-Vega
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Cuban Neurosciences Center, Havana, Cuba
| | - Pedro A. Valdes-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Cuban Neurosciences Center, Havana, Cuba
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Casula EP, Pezzopane V, Roncaioli A, Battaglini L, Rumiati R, Rothwell J, Rocchi L, Koch G. Real-time cortical dynamics during motor inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7871. [PMID: 38570543 PMCID: PMC10991402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of action is a fundamental executive mechanism of human behaviour that involve a complex neural network. In spite of the progresses made so far, many questions regarding the brain dynamics occurring during action inhibition are still unsolved. Here, we used a novel approach optimized to investigate real-time effective brain dynamics, which combines transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with simultaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. 22 healthy volunteers performed a motor Go/NoGo task during TMS of the hand-hotspot of the primary motor cortex (M1) and whole-scalp EEG recordings. We reconstructed source-based real-time spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical activity and cortico-cortical connectivity throughout the task. Our results showed a task-dependent bi-directional change in theta/gamma supplementary motor cortex (SMA) and M1 connectivity that, when participants were instructed to inhibit their response, resulted in an increase of a specific TMS-evoked EEG potential (N100), likely due to a GABA-mediated inhibition. Interestingly, these changes were linearly related to reaction times, when participants were asked to produce a motor response. In addition, TMS perturbation revealed a task-dependent long-lasting modulation of SMA-M1 natural frequencies, i.e. alpha/beta activity. Some of these results are shared by animal models and shed new light on the physiological mechanisms of motor inhibition in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Paolo Casula
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
- Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Behavioural and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Pezzopane
- Department of Behavioural and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Roncaioli
- Department of Behavioural and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Battaglini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rumiati
- Department of System Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - John Rothwell
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Lorenzo Rocchi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Department of Behavioural and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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10
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Wischnewski M, Berger TA, Opitz A, Alekseichuk I. Causal functional maps of brain rhythms in working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318528121. [PMID: 38536752 PMCID: PMC10998564 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318528121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Human working memory is a key cognitive process that engages multiple functional anatomical nodes across the brain. Despite a plethora of correlative neuroimaging evidence regarding the working memory architecture, our understanding of critical hubs causally controlling overall performance is incomplete. Causal interpretation requires cognitive testing following safe, temporal, and controllable neuromodulation of specific functional anatomical nodes. Such experiments became available in healthy humans with the advance of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). Here, we synthesize findings of 28 placebo-controlled studies (in total, 1,057 participants) that applied frequency-specific noninvasive stimulation of neural oscillations and examined working memory performance in neurotypical adults. We use a computational meta-modeling method to simulate each intervention in realistic virtual brains and test reported behavioral outcomes against the stimulation-induced electric fields in different brain nodes. Our results show that stimulating anterior frontal and medial temporal theta oscillations and occipitoparietal gamma rhythms leads to significant dose-dependent improvement in working memory task performance. Conversely, prefrontal gamma modulation is detrimental to performance. Moreover, we found distinct spatial expression of theta subbands, where working memory changes followed orbitofrontal high-theta modulation and medial temporal low-theta modulation. Finally, all these results are driven by changes in working memory accuracy rather than processing time measures. These findings provide a fresh view of the working memory mechanisms, complementary to neuroimaging research, and propose hypothesis-driven targets for the clinical treatment of working memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Wischnewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen9712TS, The Netherlands
| | - Taylor A. Berger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Ivan Alekseichuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
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11
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Oliver LD, Jeyachandra J, Dickie EW, Hawco C, Mansour S, Hare SM, Buchanan RW, Malhotra AK, Blumberger DM, Deng ZD, Voineskos AN. Bayesian Optimization of Neurostimulation (BOONStim). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584169. [PMID: 38559269 PMCID: PMC10979934 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment response is influenced by individual variability in brain structure and function. Sophisticated, user-friendly approaches, incorporating both established functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and TMS simulation tools, to identify TMS targets are needed. OBJECTIVE The current study presents the development and validation of the Bayesian Optimization of Neuro-Stimulation (BOONStim) pipeline. METHODS BOONStim uses Bayesian optimization for individualized TMS targeting, automating interoperability between surface-based fMRI analytic tools and TMS electric field modeling. Bayesian optimization performance was evaluated in a sample dataset (N=10) using standard circular and functional connectivity-defined targets, and compared to grid optimization. RESULTS Bayesian optimization converged to similar levels of total electric field stimulation across targets in under 30 iterations, converging within a 5% error of the maxima detected by grid optimization, and requiring less time. CONCLUSIONS BOONStim is a scalable and configurable user-friendly pipeline for individualized TMS targeting with quick turnaround.
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12
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Choi DS, Lee S. Optimizing electrode placement for transcranial direct current stimulation in nonsuperficial cortical regions: a computational modeling study. Biomed Eng Lett 2024; 14:255-265. [PMID: 38374912 PMCID: PMC10874366 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique for modulating neuronal excitability by sending a weak current through electrodes attached to the scalp. For decades, the conventional tDCS electrode for stimulating the superficial cortex has been widely reported. However, the investigation of the optimal electrode to effectively stimulate the nonsuperficial cortex is still lacking. In the current study, the optimal tDCS electrode montage that can deliver the maximum electric field to nonsuperficial cortical regions is investigated. Two finite element head models were used for computational simulation to determine the optimal montage for four different nonsuperficial regions: the left foot motor cortex, the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), the left medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), and the primary visual cortex (V1). Our findings showed a good consistency in the optimal montage between two models, which led to the anode and cathode being attached to C4-C3 for the foot motor, F4-F3 for the dmPFC, Fp2-F7 for the mOFC, and Oz-Cz for V1. Our suggested montages are expected to enhance the overall effectiveness of stimulation of nonsuperficial cortical areas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13534-023-00335-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Som Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
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13
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Wartman WA, Weise K, Rachh M, Morales L, Deng ZD, Nummenmaa A, Makaroff SN. An adaptive h-refinement method for the boundary element fast multipole method for quasi-static electromagnetic modeling. Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:055030. [PMID: 38316038 PMCID: PMC10902857 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective.In our recent work pertinent to modeling of brain stimulation and neurophysiological recordings, substantial modeling errors in the computed electric field and potential have sometimes been observed for standard multi-compartment head models. The goal of this study is to quantify those errors and, further, eliminate them through an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) algorithm. The study concentrates on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), and electroencephalography (EEG) forward problems.Approach.We propose, describe, and systematically investigate an AMR method using the boundary element method with fast multipole acceleration (BEM-FMM) as the base numerical solver. The goal is to efficiently allocate additional unknowns to critical areas of the model, where they will best improve solution accuracy. The implemented AMR method's accuracy improvement is measured on head models constructed from 16 Human Connectome Project subjects under problem classes of TES, TMS, and EEG. Errors are computed between three solutions: an initial non-adaptive solution, a solution found after applying AMR with a conservative refinement rate, and a 'silver-standard' solution found by subsequent 4:1 global refinement of the adaptively-refined model.Main results.Excellent agreement is shown between the adaptively-refined and silver-standard solutions for standard head models. AMR is found to be vital for accurate modeling of TES and EEG forward problems for standard models: an increase of less than 25% (on average) in number of mesh elements for these problems, efficiently allocated by AMR, exposes electric field/potential errors exceeding 60% (on average) in the solution for the unrefined models.Significance.This error has especially important implications for TES dosing prediction-where the stimulation strength plays a central role-and for EEG lead fields. Though the specific form of the AMR method described here is implemented for the BEM-FMM, we expect that AMR is applicable and even required for accurate electromagnetic simulations by other numerical modeling packages as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Wartman
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Inst., Worcester, MA 01609 United States of America
| | - Konstantin Weise
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1a, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, DNK-8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manas Rachh
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY 10012, United States of America
| | - Leah Morales
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Inst., Worcester, MA 01609 United States of America
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Computational Neurostimulation Research Program, Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Aapo Nummenmaa
- Athinoula A. Martinos Ctr. for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129 United States of America
| | - Sergey N Makaroff
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Inst., Worcester, MA 01609 United States of America
- Athinoula A. Martinos Ctr. for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129 United States of America
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14
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Wischnewski M, Tran H, Zhao Z, Shirinpour S, Haigh ZJ, Rotteveel J, Perera ND, Alekseichuk I, Zimmermann J, Opitz A. Induced neural phase precession through exogenous electric fields. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1687. [PMID: 38402188 PMCID: PMC10894208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gradual shifting of preferred neural spiking relative to local field potentials (LFPs), known as phase precession, plays a prominent role in neural coding. Correlations between the phase precession and behavior have been observed throughout various brain regions. As such, phase precession is suggested to be a global neural mechanism that promotes local neuroplasticity. However, causal evidence and neuroplastic mechanisms of phase precession are lacking so far. Here we show a causal link between LFP dynamics and phase precession. In three experiments, we modulated LFPs in humans, a non-human primate, and computational models using alternating current stimulation. We show that continuous stimulation of motor cortex oscillations in humans lead to a gradual phase shift of maximal corticospinal excitability by ~90°. Further, exogenous alternating current stimulation induced phase precession in a subset of entrained neurons (~30%) in the non-human primate. Multiscale modeling of realistic neural circuits suggests that alternating current stimulation-induced phase precession is driven by NMDA-mediated synaptic plasticity. Altogether, the three experiments provide mechanistic and causal evidence for phase precession as a global neocortical process. Alternating current-induced phase precession and consequently synaptic plasticity is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic neuromodulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Wischnewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Harry Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sina Shirinpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Zachary J Haigh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jonna Rotteveel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nipun D Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ivan Alekseichuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jan Zimmermann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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15
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Lee S, Park J, Lee C, Ahn J, Ryu J, Lee SH, Im CH. Determination of optimal injection current pattern for multichannel transcranial electrical stimulation without individual MRI using multiple head models. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 243:107878. [PMID: 37890288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Multichannel transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is widely used to achieve improved stimulation focality. In the multichannel tES, the injection current pattern is generally determined through an optimization process with a finite element (FE) head model extracted from individual magnetic resonance images (MRIs). Although using an individual head model ensures the best outcome, acquiring MRIs of individual subjects in many practical applications is often difficult. Alternatively, a standard head model can be used to determine the optimal injection current pattern to stimulate a specific target; however, this may result in a relatively inaccurate delivery of stimulation current owing to the difference in individual anatomical structures. To address this issue, we propose a new approach for determining the injection current pattern using multiple head models, which can improve the stimulation focality compared to that achieved with a single standard head model. METHODS Twenty FE head models were used to optimize the injection current patterns to stimulate three cortical regions that are widely considered targets for tES. The individual injection current patterns were then averaged to obtain each target's mean injection current pattern. The stimulation focality for each target was then calculated by applying different current patterns (the mean current, individual current, and current from a standard model). RESULTS Our results showed that the stimulation focality obtained using the mean injection current pattern was significantly higher than that obtained using the injection current pattern from a standard head model. Additionally, our results demonstrated that a minimum of 13 head models are required to determine mean current pattern, allowing for a higher stimulation focality than when using the current from a standard head model. CONCLUSIONS Hence, using multiple head models can provide a viable solution for improving the stimulation efficacy of multichannel tES when individual MRIs are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjun Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyeol Ahn
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyoung Ryu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Im
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Berger T, Xu T, Opitz A. Systematic cross-species comparison of prefrontal cortex functional networks targeted via Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.20.572653. [PMID: 38187657 PMCID: PMC10769354 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that safely modulates neural activity in vivo. Its precision in targeting specific brain networks makes TMS invaluable in diverse clinical applications. For example, TMS is used to treat depression by targeting prefrontal brain networks and their connection to other brain regions. However, despite its widespread use, the underlying neural mechanisms of TMS are not completely understood. Non-human primates (NHPs) offer an ideal model to study TMS mechanisms through invasive electrophysiological recordings. As such, bridging the gap between NHP experiments and human applications is imperative to ensure translational relevance. Here, we systematically compare the TMS-targeted functional networks in the prefrontal cortex in humans and NHPs. To conduct this comparison, we combine TMS electric field modeling in humans and macaques with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to compare the functional networks targeted via TMS across species. We identified distinct stimulation zones in macaque and human models, each exhibiting variations in the impacted networks (macaque: Frontoparietal Network, Somatomotor Network; human: Frontoparietal Network, Default Network). We identified differences in brain gyrification and functional organization across species as the underlying cause of found network differences. The TMS-network profiles we identified will allow researchers to establish consistency in network activation across species, aiding in the translational efforts to develop improved TMS functional network targeting approaches.
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17
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Ghosh B, Sathi KA, Hosain MK, Hossain MA, Dewan MAA, Kouzani AZ. ViTab Transformer Framework for Predicting Induced Electric Field and Focality in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:4713-4724. [PMID: 37938962 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3331258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation is an electromagnetic induction-based non-invasive therapeutic technique for neurological diseases. For finding new clinical applications and enhancing the efficacy of TMS in existing neurological disorders, the current study focuses on a deep learning-based prediction model as an alternative to time-consuming electromagnetic (EM) simulation software. The main bottleneck of the existing prediction models is to consider very few input parameters of a standard coil such as coil type and coil position for predicting an output of electric field value. To overcome this limitation, a transformer-based prediction model titled as ViTab transformer is developed in this work to predict electric field (E-max), focality or area of stmulation (S-half), and volume of stimulation (V-half) by considering several input parameters such as sources of MRI images, types of coils, coil position, rate of change of current, brain tissues conductivity, and coil distance from the scalp. The proposed framework consists of a vision and a tab transformer to handle both image and tabular-type data. The prediction performance of the offered model is evaluated in terms of coefficient determination, R2 score, for E-max, V-half, and S-half in the testing phase. The obtained result in terms of R2 score for E-max, V-half, and S-half are found 0.97, 0.87, and 0.90 respectively. The results indicate that the suggested ViTab transformer model can predict electric field as well as focality more accurately than the current state-of-the-art methods. The reduced computational time, as well as efficient prediction accuracy, resembles that ViTab transformer can assist the neuroscientist and neurosurgeon prior to providing superior TMS treatment in near future.
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18
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Ma L, Zhong G, Yang Z, Lu X, Fan L, Liu H, Chu C, Xiong H, Jiang T. In-vivoverified anatomically aware deep learning for real-time electric field simulation. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:066018. [PMID: 37939483 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad0add] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a prominent non-invasive technique for modulating brain function and treating mental disorders. By generating a high-precision magnetically evoked electric field (E-field) using a TMS coil, it enables targeted stimulation of specific brain regions. However, current computational methods employed for E-field simulations necessitate extensive preprocessing and simulation time, limiting their fast applications in the determining the optimal coil placement.Approach.We present an attentional deep learning network to simulate E-fields. This network takes individual magnetic resonance images and coil configurations as inputs, firstly transforming the images into explicit brain tissues and subsequently generating the local E-field distribution near the target brain region. Main results. Relative to the previous deep-learning simulation method, the presented method reduced the mean relative error in simulated E-field strength of gray matter by 21.1%, and increased the correlation between regional E-field strengths and corresponding electrophysiological responses by 35.0% when applied into another dataset.In-vivoTMS experiments further revealed that the optimal coil placements derived from presented method exhibit comparable stimulation performance on motor evoked potentials to those obtained using computational methods. The simplified preprocessing and increased simulation efficiency result in a significant reduction in the overall time cost of traditional TMS coil placement optimization, from several hours to mere minutes.Significance.The precision and efficiency of presented simulation method hold promise for its application in determining individualized coil placements in clinical practice, paving the way for personalized TMS treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangliang Zhong
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Yang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Congying Chu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Augmented Intelligence, Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311100, People's Republic of China
- Xiaoxiang Institute for Brain Health and Yongzhou Central Hospital, Yongzhou, Hunan Province 425000, People's Republic of China
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19
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Indahlastari A, Dunn AL, Pedersen S, Kraft JN, Someya S, Albizu A, Woods AJ. Impact of electrode selection on modeling tDCS in the aging brain. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1274114. [PMID: 38077189 PMCID: PMC10704166 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1274114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Person-specific computational models can estimate transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) current dose delivered to the brain and predict treatment response. Artificially created electrode models derived from virtual 10-20 EEG measurements are typically included in these models as current injection and removal sites. The present study directly compares current flow models generated via artificially placed electrodes ("artificial" electrode models) against those generated using real electrodes acquired from structural MRI scans ("real" electrode models) of older adults. Methods A total of 16 individualized head models were derived from cognitively healthy older adults (mean age = 71.8 years) who participated in an in-scanner tDCS study with an F3-F4 montage. Visible tDCS electrodes captured within the MRI scans were segmented to create the "real" electrode model. In contrast, the "artificial" electrodes were generated in ROAST. Percentage differences in current density were computed in selected regions of interest (ROIs) as examples of stimulation targets within an F3-F4 montage. Main results We found significant inverse correlations (p < 0.001) between median current density values and brain atrophy in both electrode pipelines with slightly larger correlations found in the artificial pipeline. The percent difference (PD) of the electrode distances between the two models predicted the median current density values computed in the ROIs, gray, and white matter, with significant correlation between electrode distance PDs and current density. The correlation between PD of the contact areas and the computed median current densities in the brain was found to be non-significant. Conclusions This study demonstrates potential discrepancies in generated current density models using real versus artificial electrode placement when applying tDCS to an older adult cohort. Our findings strongly suggest that future tDCS clinical work should consider closely monitoring and rigorously documenting electrode location during stimulation to model tDCS montages as closely as possible to actual placement. Detailed physical electrode location data may provide more precise information and thus produce more robust tDCS modeling results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aprinda Indahlastari
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ayden L. Dunn
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Samantha Pedersen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jessica N. Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Shizu Someya
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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20
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Ke Y, Liu S, Chen L, Wang X, Ming D. Lasting enhancements in neural efficiency by multi-session transcranial direct current stimulation during working memory training. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2023; 8:48. [PMID: 37919371 PMCID: PMC10622507 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The neural basis for long-term behavioral improvements resulting from multi-session transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with working memory training (WMT) remains unclear. In this study, we used task-related electroencephalography (EEG) measures to investigate the lasting neurophysiological effects of anodal high-definition (HD)-tDCS applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during a challenging WMT. Thirty-four healthy young adults were randomized to sham or active tDCS groups and underwent ten 30-minute training sessions over ten consecutive days, preceded by a pre-test and followed by post-tests performed one day and three weeks after the last session, respectively, by performing high-load WM tasks along with EEG recording. Multi-session HD-tDCS significantly enhanced the behavioral benefits of WMT. Compared to the sham group, the active group showed facilitated increases in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma task-related oscillations at the end of training and significantly increased P300 response 3 weeks post-training. Our findings suggest that applying anodal tDCS over the left dlPFC during multi-session WMT can enhance the behavioral benefits of WMT and facilitate sustained improvements in WM-related neural efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Ke
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Research Centre for Neural Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Research Centre for Neural Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Long Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Research Centre for Neural Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xiashuang Wang
- The Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Research Centre for Neural Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Brain-computer Interaction and Human-machine Integration, Tianjin, PR China.
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21
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Razza LB, Wischnewski M, Suen P, De Smet S, da Silva PHR, Catoira B, Brunoni AR, Vanderhasselt MA. An electric field modeling study with meta-analysis to understand the antidepressant effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2023; 45:518-529. [PMID: 37400373 PMCID: PMC10897770 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has mixed effects for major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms, partially owing to large inter-experimental variability in tDCS protocols and their correlated induced electric fields (E-fields). We investigated whether the E-field strength of distinct tDCS parameters was associated with antidepressant effect. METHODS A meta-analysis was performed with placebo-controlled clinical trials of tDCS enrolling MDD patients. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to March 10, 2023. Effect sizes of tDCS protocols were correlated with E-field simulations (SimNIBS) of brain regions of interest (bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC] and bilateral subgenual anterior cingulate cortex [sgACC]). Moderators of tDCS responses were also investigated. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included (21 datasets, 1,008 patients), using 11 distinct tDCS protocols. Results revealed a moderate effect for MDD (g = 0.41, 95%CI 0.18-0.64), while cathode position and treatment strategy were found to be moderators of response. A negative association between effect size and tDCS-induced E-field magnitude was seen, with stronger E-fields in the right frontal and medial parts of the DLPFC (targeted by the cathode) leading to smaller effects. No association was found for the left DLPFC and the bilateral sgACC. An optimized tDCS protocol is proposed. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the need for a standardized tDCS protocol in MDD clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais B Razza
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miles Wischnewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paulo Suen
- Serviço Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação, Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Stefanie De Smet
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro Henrique Rodrigues da Silva
- Serviço Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação, Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Catoira
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent, Belgium. Department of Psychiatry, Free University Brussels, Ixelles, Belgium
| | - André R Brunoni
- Serviço Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação, Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Hospital das Clínicas, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Aberra AS, Wang R, Grill WM, Peterchev AV. Multi-scale model of axonal and dendritic polarization by transcranial direct current stimulation in realistic head geometry. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:1776-1791. [PMID: 38056825 PMCID: PMC10842743 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation modality that can alter cortical excitability. However, it remains unclear how the subcellular elements of different neuron types are polarized by specific electric field (E-field) distributions. OBJECTIVE To quantify neuronal polarization generated by tDCS in a multi-scale computational model. METHODS We embedded layer-specific, morphologically-realistic cortical neuron models in a finite element model of the E-field in a human head and simulated steady-state polarization generated by conventional primary-motor-cortex-supraorbital (M1-SO) and 4 × 1 high-definition (HD) tDCS. We quantified somatic, axonal, and dendritic polarization of excitatory pyramidal cells in layers 2/3, 5, and 6, as well as inhibitory interneurons in layers 1 and 4 of the hand knob. RESULTS Axonal and dendritic terminals were polarized more than the soma in all neurons, with peak axonal and dendritic polarization of 0.92 mV and 0.21 mV, respectively, compared to peak somatic polarization of 0.07 mV for 1.8 mA M1-SO stimulation. Both montages generated regions of depolarization and hyperpolarization beneath the M1 anode; M1-SO produced slightly stronger, more diffuse polarization peaking in the central sulcus, while 4 × 1 HD produced higher peak polarization in the gyral crown. The E-field component normal to the cortical surface correlated strongly with pyramidal neuron somatic polarization (R2>0.9), but exhibited weaker correlations with peak pyramidal axonal and dendritic polarization (R2:0.5-0.9) and peak polarization in all subcellular regions of interneurons (R2:0.3-0.6). Simulating polarization by uniform local E-field extracted at the soma approximated the spatial distribution of tDCS polarization but produced large errors in some regions (median absolute percent error: 7.9 %). CONCLUSIONS Polarization of pre- and postsynaptic compartments of excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons may play a significant role in tDCS neuromodulation. These effects cannot be predicted from the E-field distribution alone but rather require calculation of the neuronal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman S Aberra
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA.
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA.
| | - Warren M Grill
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA.
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Dept. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA.
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23
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Wischnewski M, Tran H, Zhao Z, Shirinpour S, Haigh Z, Rotteveel J, Perera N, Alekseichuk I, Zimmermann J, Opitz A. Induced neural phase precession through exogeneous electric fields. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.31.535073. [PMID: 37034780 PMCID: PMC10081336 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.535073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The gradual shifting of preferred neural spiking relative to local field potentials (LFPs), known as phase precession, plays a prominent role in neural coding. Correlations between the phase precession and behavior have been observed throughout various brain regions. As such, phase precession is suggested to be a global neural mechanism that promotes local neuroplasticity. However, causal evidence and neuroplastic mechanisms of phase precession are lacking so far. Here we show a causal link between LFP dynamics and phase precession. In three experiments, we modulated LFPs in humans, a non-human primate, and computational models using alternating current stimulation. We show that continuous stimulation of motor cortex oscillations in humans lead to a gradual phase shift of maximal corticospinal excitability by ~90°. Further, exogenous alternating current stimulation induced phase precession in a subset of entrained neurons (~30%) in the non-human primate. Multiscale modeling of realistic neural circuits suggests that alternating current stimulation-induced phase precession is driven by NMDA-mediated synaptic plasticity. Altogether, the three experiments provide mechanistic and causal evidence for phase precession as a global neocortical process. Alternating current-induced phase precession and consequently synaptic plasticity is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic neuromodulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Wischnewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H. Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Z. Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S. Shirinpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Z.J. Haigh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J. Rotteveel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N.D. Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - I. Alekseichuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J. Zimmermann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A. Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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24
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Hasan NI, Dannhauer M, Wang D, Deng ZD, Gomez LJ. Real-Time Computation of Brain E-Field for Enhanced Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Neuronavigation and Optimization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.25.564044. [PMID: 37961454 PMCID: PMC10635016 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.25.564044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) coil placement and pulse waveform current are often chosen to achieve a specified E-field dose on targeted brain regions. TMS neuronavigation could be improved by including real-time accurate distributions of the E-field dose on the cortex. We introduce a method and develop software for computing brain E-field distributions in real-time enabling easy integration into neuronavigation and with the same accuracy as 1st -order finite element method (FEM) solvers. Initially, a spanning basis set (< 400) of E-fields generated by white noise magnetic currents on a surface separating the head and permissible coil placements are orthogonalized to generate the modes. Subsequently, Reciprocity and Huygens' principles are utilized to compute fields induced by the modes on a surface separating the head and coil by FEM, which are used in conjunction with online (real-time) computed primary fields on the separating surface to evaluate the mode expansion. We conducted a comparative analysis of E-fields computed by FEM and in real-time for eight subjects, utilizing two head model types (SimNIBS's 'headreco' and 'mri2mesh' pipeline), three coil types (circular, double-cone, and Figure-8), and 1000 coil placements (48,000 simulations). The real-time computation for any coil placement is within 4 milliseconds (ms), for 400 modes, and requires less than 4 GB of memory on a GPU. Our solver is capable of computing E-fields within 4 ms, making it a practical approach for integrating E-field information into the neuronavigation systems without imposing a significant overhead on frame generation (20 and 50 frames per second within 50 and 20 ms, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahian I. Hasan
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University,, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana, USA
| | - Moritz Dannhauer
- Computational Neurostimulation Research Program, Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health,, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Dezhi Wang
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University,, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Computational Neurostimulation Research Program, Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health,, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Luis J. Gomez
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University,, West Lafayette, 47907, Indiana, USA
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25
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Benelli A, Neri F, Cinti A, Pasqualetti P, Romanella SM, Giannotta A, De Monte D, Mandalà M, Smeralda C, Prattichizzo D, Santarnecchi E, Rossi S. Frequency-Dependent Reduction of Cybersickness in Virtual Reality by Transcranial Oscillatory Stimulation of the Vestibular Cortex. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1796-1807. [PMID: 37721646 PMCID: PMC10684476 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) applications are pervasive of everyday life, as in working, medical, and entertainment scenarios. There is yet no solution to cybersickness (CS), a disabling vestibular syndrome with nausea, dizziness, and general discomfort that most of VR users undergo, which results from an integration mismatch among visual, proprioceptive, and vestibular information. In a double-blind, controlled trial, we propose an innovative treatment for CS, consisting of online oscillatory imperceptible neuromodulation with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 10 Hz, biophysically modelled to reach the vestibular cortex bilaterally. tACS significantly reduced CS nausea in 37 healthy subjects during a VR rollercoaster experience. The effect was frequency-dependent and placebo-insensitive. Subjective benefits were paralleled by galvanic skin response modulation in 25 subjects, addressing neurovegetative activity. Besides confirming the role of transcranially delivered oscillations in physiologically tuning the vestibular system function (and dysfunction), results open a new way to facilitate the use of VR in different scenarios and possibly to help treating also other vestibular dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Benelli
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Neri
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Oto-Neuro-Tech Conjoined Lab, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cinti
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Sara M Romanella
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandro Giannotta
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - David De Monte
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Mandalà
- Oto-Neuro-Tech Conjoined Lab, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carmelo Smeralda
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Domenico Prattichizzo
- Oto-Neuro-Tech Conjoined Lab, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Siena Robotics and Systems (SiRS) Lab, Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience & Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Simone Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
- Oto-Neuro-Tech Conjoined Lab, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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26
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Mantell KE, Perera ND, Shirinpour S, Puonti O, Xu T, Zimmermann J, Falchier A, Heilbronner SR, Thielscher A, Opitz A. Anatomical details affect electric field predictions for non-invasive brain stimulation in non-human primates. Neuroimage 2023; 279:120343. [PMID: 37619797 PMCID: PMC10961993 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHPs) have become key for translational research in noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS). However, in order to create comparable stimulation conditions for humans it is vital to study the accuracy of current modeling practices across species. Numerical models to simulate electric fields are an important tool for experimental planning in NHPs and translation to human studies. It is thus essential whether and to what extent the anatomical details of NHP models agree with current modeling practices when calculating NIBS electric fields. Here, we create highly accurate head models of two non-human primates (NHP) MR data. We evaluate how muscle tissue and head field of view (depending on MRI parameters) affect simulation results in transcranial electric and magnetic stimulation (TES and TMS). Our findings indicate that the inclusion of anisotropic muscle can affect TES electric field strength up to 22% while TMS is largely unaffected. Additionally, comparing a full head model to a cropped head model illustrates the impact of head field of view on electric fields for both TES and TMS. We find opposing effects between TES and TMS with an increase up to 24.8% for TES and a decrease up to 24.6% for TMS for the cropped head model compared to the full head model. Our results provide important insights into the level of anatomical detail needed for NHP head models and can inform future translational efforts for NIBS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Mantell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Nipun D Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Sina Shirinpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Oula Puonti
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ting Xu
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Jan Zimmermann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Arnaud Falchier
- Translational Neuroscience Lab Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, 9 The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | | | - Axel Thielscher
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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27
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Chen L, Chen G, Gong X, Fang F. Integrating electric field modeling and pre-tDCS behavioral performance to predict the individual tDCS effect on visual crowding. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:056019. [PMID: 37750681 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acfa8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been broadly used to modulate brain activity with both bipolar and high-definition montages. However, tDCS effects can be highly variable. In this work, we investigated whether the variability in the tDCS effects could be predicted by integrating individualized electric field modeling and individual pre-tDCS behavioral performance.Approach.Here, we first compared the effects of bipolar tDCS and 4 × 1 high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) with respect to the alleviation of visual crowding, which is the inability to identify targets in the presence of nearby flankers and considered to be an essential bottleneck of object recognition and visual awareness. We instructed subjects to perform an orientation discrimination task with both isolated and crowded targets in the periphery and measured their orientation discrimination thresholds before and after receiving 20 min of bipolar tDCS, 4 × 1 HD-tDCS, or sham stimulation over the visual cortex. Individual anatomically realistic head models were constructed to simulate tDCS-induced electric field distributions and quantify tDCS focality. Finally, a multiple linear regression model that used pre-tDCS behavioral performance and tDCS focality as factors was used to predict post-tDCS behavioral performance.Main results.We found that HD-tDCS, but not bipolar tDCS, could significantly alleviate visual crowding. Moreover, the variability in the tDCS effect could be reliably predicted by subjects' pre-tDCS behavioral performance and tDCS focality. This prediction model also performed well when generalized to other two tDCS protocols with a different electrode size or a different stimulation intensity.Significance.Our study links the variability in the tDCS-induced electric field and the pre-tDCS behavioral performance in a visual crowding task to the variability in post-tDCS performance. It provides a new approach to predicting individual tDCS effects and highlights the importance of understanding the factors that determine tDCS effectiveness while developing more robust protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanpeng Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizi Gong
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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28
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Maas RPPWM, Faber J, van de Warrenburg BPC, Schutter DJLG. Interindividual differences in posterior fossa morphometry affect cerebellar tDCS-induced electric field strength. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 153:152-165. [PMID: 37499446 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical, behavioural, and neurophysiological effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are highly variable and difficult to predict. We aimed to examine associations between cerebellar tDCS-induced electric field strength, morphometric posterior fossa parameters, and skin-cerebellum distance. As a secondary objective, field characteristics were compared between cephalic and extracephalic electrode configurations. METHODS Electric field simulations of midline cerebellar tDCS (7 × 5 cm electrodes, current intensities of 2 mA) were performed on MRI-based head models from 37 healthy adults using buccinator, frontopolar, and lower neck reference electrodes. Average field strengths were determined in eight regions of interest (ROIs) covering the anterior and posterior vermis and cerebellar hemispheres. Besides skin-cerebellum distance, various angles were measured between posterior fossa structures. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify predictors of field strength in different ROIs. RESULTS Skin-cerebellum distance and "pons angle" were independently associated with field strength in the anterior and posterior vermis. "Cerebellar angle" and skin-cerebellum distance affected field strength in anterior and posterior regions of the right cerebellar hemisphere. Field strengths in all examined cerebellar areas were highest in the frontopolar and lowest in the lower neck montage, while the opposite was found for field focality. The lower neck montage induced considerably less spreading toward anterior cerebellar regions compared with the buccinator and frontopolar montages, which resulted in a more evenly distributed field within the cerebellum. CONCLUSION In addition to skin-cerebellum distance, interindividual differences in posterior fossa morphometry, specifically pons and cerebellar angle, explain part of the variability in cerebellar tDCS-induced electric field strength. Furthermore, when targeting the midline cerebellum with tDCS, an extracephalic reference electrode is associated with lower field strengths and higher field focality than cephalic montages. SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies two novel subject-specific anatomical factors that partly determine cerebellar tDCS-induced electric field strength and reveals differences in field characteristics between electrode montages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick P P W M Maas
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jennifer Faber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bart P C van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis J L G Schutter
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Aberra AS, Wang R, Grill WM, Peterchev AV. Multi-scale model of axonal and dendritic polarization by transcranial direct current stimulation in realistic head geometry. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.23.554447. [PMID: 37767087 PMCID: PMC10522328 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.23.554447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation modality that can alter cortical excitability. However, it remains unclear how the subcellular elements of different neuron types are polarized by specific electric field (E-field) distributions. Objective To quantify neuronal polarization generated by tDCS in a multi-scale computational model. Methods We embedded layer-specific, morphologically-realistic cortical neuron models in a finite element model of the E-field in a human head and simulated steady-state polarization generated by conventional primary-motor-cortex-supraorbital (M1-SO) and 4×1 high-definition (HD) tDCS. We quantified somatic, axonal, and dendritic polarization of excitatory pyramidal cells in layers 2/3, 5, and 6, as well as inhibitory interneurons in layers 1 and 4 of the hand knob. Results Axonal and dendritic terminals were polarized more than the soma in all neurons, with peak axonal and dendritic polarization of 0.92 mV and 0.21 mV, respectively, compared to peak somatic polarization of 0.07 mV for 1.8 mA M1-SO stimulation. Both montages generated regions of depolarization and hyperpolarization beneath the M1 anode; M1-SO produced slightly stronger, more diffuse polarization peaking in the central sulcus, while 4×1 HD produced higher peak polarization in the gyral crown. Simulating polarization by uniform local E-field approximated the spatial distribution of tDCS polarization but produced large errors in some regions. Conclusions Polarization of pre- and postsynaptic compartments of excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons may play a significant role in tDCS neuromodulation. These effects cannot be predicted from the E-field distribution alone but rather require calculation of the neuronal response.
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Park J, Lee S, Park S, Lee C, Kim S, Im CH. Transcranial alternating current stimulation over multiple brain areas with non-zero phase delays other than 180 degrees modulates visuospatial working memory performance. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12710. [PMID: 37543713 PMCID: PMC10404219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While zero-phase lag synchronization between multiple brain regions has been widely observed, relatively recent reports indicate that systematic phase delays between cortical regions reflect the direction of communications between cortical regions. For example, it has been suggested that a non-zero phase delay of electroencephalography (EEG) signals at the gamma frequency band between the bilateral parietal areas may reflect the direction of communication between these areas. We hypothesized that the direction of communication between distant brain areas might be modulated by multi-site transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with specific phase delays other than 0° and 180°. In this study, a new noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) method called multi-site multi-phase tACS (msmp-tACS) was proposed. The efficacy of the proposed method was tested in a case study using a visuospatial working memory (VWM) paradigm in which the optimal stimulation conditions including amplitudes and phases of multiple scalp electrodes were determined using finite element analysis adopting phasor representation. msmp-tACS was applied over the bilateral intraparietal sulci (IPS) and showed that 80 Hz tACS with the phase for the right IPS leading that for the left IPS by 90° (= 3.125 ms) partialized VWM performance toward the right visual hemifield. The three stimulation conditions were synchronized, RL, and LR, which refers to stimulation condition with no phase lag, stimulation phase of right IPS (rIPS) leading left IPS (lIPS) by 90° and the stimulation of lIPS leading rIPS by 90°, respectively. The lateralization of VWM significantly shifted towards right visual hemifield under the RL condition compared to the synchronized and LR conditions. The shift in VWM was the result of the stimulation affecting both left and right visual hemifield trials to certain degrees, rather than significantly increasing or decreasing VWM capacity of a specific visual hemifield. Altered brain dynamics caused by msmp-tACS partialized VWM performance, likely due to modulation of effective connectivity between the rIPS and lIPS. Our results suggest that msmp-tACS is a promising NBS method that can effectively modulate cortical networks that cannot be readily modulated with conventional multi-site stimulation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungshin Kim
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Im
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Pérez-Benítez JA, Martínez-Ortiz P, Aguila-Muñoz J. A Review of Formulations, Boundary Value Problems and Solutions for Numerical Computation of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Fields. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1142. [PMID: 37626498 PMCID: PMC10452852 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the inception of the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique, it has become imperative to numerically compute the distribution of the electric field induced in the brain. Various models of the coil-brain system have been proposed for this purpose. These models yield a set of formulations and boundary conditions that can be employed to calculate the induced electric field. However, the literature on TMS simulation presents several of these formulations, leading to potential confusion regarding the interpretation and contribution of each source of electric field. The present study undertakes an extensive compilation of widely utilized formulations, boundary value problems and numerical solutions employed in TMS fields simulations, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages associated with each used formulation and numerical method. Additionally, it explores the implementation strategies employed for their numerical computation. Furthermore, this work provides numerical expressions that can be utilized for the numerical computation of TMS fields using the finite difference and finite element methods. Notably, some of these expressions are deduced within the present study. Finally, an overview of some of the most significant results obtained from numerical computation of TMS fields is presented. The aim of this work is to serve as a guide for future research endeavors concerning the numerical simulation of TMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Pérez-Benítez
- Laboratorio de Bio-Electromagnetismo, ESIME-SEPI, Edif. Z-4, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, CDMX, Mexico;
| | - P. Martínez-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Bio-Electromagnetismo, ESIME-SEPI, Edif. Z-4, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, CDMX, Mexico;
| | - J. Aguila-Muñoz
- CONAHCYT—Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apartado Postal 14, Ensenada 22800, BC, Mexico
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Aberra AS, Lopez A, Grill WM, Peterchev AV. Rapid estimation of cortical neuron activation thresholds by transcranial magnetic stimulation using convolutional neural networks. Neuroimage 2023; 275:120184. [PMID: 37230204 PMCID: PMC10281353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can modulate neural activity by evoking action potentials in cortical neurons. TMS neural activation can be predicted by coupling subject-specific head models of the TMS-induced electric field (E-field) to populations of biophysically realistic neuron models; however, the significant computational cost associated with these models limits their utility and eventual translation to clinically relevant applications. OBJECTIVE To develop computationally efficient estimators of the activation thresholds of multi-compartmental cortical neuron models in response to TMS-induced E-field distributions. METHODS Multi-scale models combining anatomically accurate finite element method (FEM) simulations of the TMS E-field with layer-specific representations of cortical neurons were used to generate a large dataset of activation thresholds. 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained on these data to predict thresholds of model neurons given their local E-field distribution. The CNN estimator was compared to an approach using the uniform E-field approximation to estimate thresholds in the non-uniform TMS-induced E-field. RESULTS The 3D CNNs estimated thresholds with mean absolute percent error (MAPE) on the test dataset below 2.5% and strong correlation between the CNN predicted and actual thresholds for all cell types (R2 > 0.96). The CNNs estimated thresholds with a 2-4 orders of magnitude reduction in the computational cost of the multi-compartmental neuron models. The CNNs were also trained to predict the median threshold of populations of neurons, speeding up computation further. CONCLUSION 3D CNNs can estimate rapidly and accurately the TMS activation thresholds of biophysically realistic neuron models using sparse samples of the local E-field, enabling simulating responses of large neuron populations or parameter space exploration on a personal computer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman S Aberra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - Adrian Lopez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, NC, USA.
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Conelea C, Greene DJ, Alexander J, Houlihan K, Hodapp S, Wellen B, Francis S, Mueller B, Hendrickson T, Tseng A, Chen M, Fiecas M, Lim K, Opitz A, Jacob S. The CBIT + TMS trial: study protocol for a two-phase randomized controlled trial testing neuromodulation to augment behavior therapy for youth with chronic tics. Trials 2023; 24:439. [PMID: 37400828 PMCID: PMC10316640 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) is a first-line treatment for tic disorders that aims to improve controllability over tics that an individual finds distressing or impairing. However, it is only effective for approximately half of patients. Supplementary motor area (SMA)-directed neurocircuitry plays a strong role in motor inhibition, and activity in this region is thought to contribute to tic expression. Targeted modulation of SMA using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may increase CBIT efficacy by improving patients' ability to implement tic controllability behaviors. METHODS The CBIT + TMS trial is a two-phase, milestone-driven early-stage randomized controlled trial. The trial will test whether augmenting CBIT with inhibitory, non-invasive stimulation of SMA with TMS modifies activity in SMA-mediated circuits and enhances tic controllability in youth ages 12-21 years with chronic tics. Phase 1 will directly compare two rTMS augmentation strategies (1 Hz rTMS vs. cTBS) vs. sham in N = 60 participants. Quantifiable, a priori "Go/No Go Criteria" guide the decision to proceed to phase 2 and the selection of the optimal TMS regimen. Phase 2 will compare the optimal regimen vs. sham and test the link between neural target engagement and clinical outcomes in a new sample of N = 60 participants. DISCUSSION This clinical trial is one of few to date testing TMS augmentation of therapy in a pediatric sample. The results will provide insight into whether TMS is a potentially viable strategy for enhancing CBIT efficacy and reveal potential neural and behavioral mechanisms of change. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04578912 . Registered on October 8, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Conelea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Jennifer Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Kerry Houlihan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Sarah Hodapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Brianna Wellen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Sunday Francis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Bryon Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Tim Hendrickson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Angela Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Lab, Brain Conditions, MnDRIVE Initiative, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Research Department, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, Saint Paul, USA
| | - Mark Fiecas
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kelvin Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Suma Jacob
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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牛 瑞, 张 丞, 吴 昌, 林 华, 张 广, 霍 小. [The influence of tissue conductivity on the calculation of electric field in the transcranial magnetic stimulation head model]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 40:401-408. [PMID: 37380377 PMCID: PMC10307604 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202211070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the conductivity of brain tissue is obtained by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data processing. However, the specific impact of different processing methods on the induced electric field in the tissue has not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we first used magnetic resonance image (MRI) data to create a three-dimensional head model, and then estimated the conductivity of gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) using four conductivity models, namely scalar (SC), direct mapping (DM), volume normalization (VN) and average conductivity (MC), respectively. Isotropic empirical conductivity values were used for the conductivity of other tissues such as the scalp, skull, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and then the TMS simulations were performed when the coil was parallel and perpendicular to the gyrus of the target. When the coil was perpendicular to the gyrus where the target was located, it was easy to get the maximum electric field in the head model. The maximum electric field in the DM model was 45.66% higher than that in the SC model. The results showed that the conductivity component along the electric field direction of which conductivity model was smaller in TMS, the induced electric field in the corresponding domain corresponding to the conductivity model was larger. This study has guiding significance for TMS precise stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- 瑞奇 牛
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院(北京 100049)School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - 丞 张
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院(北京 100049)School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - 昌哲 吴
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院(北京 100049)School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - 华 林
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - 广浩 张
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院(北京 100049)School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - 小林 霍
- 中国科学院电工研究所 生物电磁学北京市重点实验室(北京 100190)Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院(北京 100049)School of Electronics, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Conelea C, Greene D, Alexander J, Houlihan K, Hodapp S, Wellen B, Francis S, Mueller B, Hendrickson T, Tseng A, Chen M, Fiecas M, Lim K, Opitz A, Jacob S. The CBIT+TMS Trial: study protocol for a two-phase randomized controlled trial testing neuromodulation to augment behavior therapy for youth with chronic tics. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2949388. [PMID: 37398344 PMCID: PMC10312978 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2949388/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) is a first-line treatment for tic disorders that aims to improve controllability over tics that an individual finds distressing or impairing. However, it is only effective for approximately half of patients. Supplementary motor area (SMA)-directed neurocircuitry plays a strong role in motor inhibition, and activity in this region is thought to contribute to tic expression. Targeted modulation of SMA using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may increase CBIT efficacy by improving patient ability to implement tic controllability behaviors. Methods The CBIT+TMS trial is a two-phase, milestone driven early-stage randomized controlled trial. The trial will test whether augmenting CBIT with inhibitory, noninvasive stimulation of SMA with TMS modifies activity in SMA-mediated circuits and enhances tic controllability in youth ages 12-21 years with chronic tics. Phase 1 will directly compare two rTMS augmentation strategies (1Hz rTMS vs. cTBS) vs. sham in N = 60 participants. Quantifiable, a priori "Go/No Go Criteria" guide the decision to proceed to Phase 2 and selection of the optimal TMS regimen. Phase 2 will compare the optimal regimen vs. sham and test the link between neural target engagement and clinical outcomes in a new sample of N = 60 participants. Discussion This clinical trial is one of few to date testing TMS augmentation of therapy in a pediatric sample. Results will provide insight into whether TMS is a potentially viable strategy for enhancing CBIT efficacy and reveal potential neural and behavioral mechanisms of change. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04578912.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Conelea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Deanna Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Jennifer Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Kerry Houlihan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah Hodapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Brianna Wellen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Sunday Francis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Bryon Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy Hendrickson
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, USA
| | - Angela Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Non-invasive Neuromodulation Lab, Brain Conditions, MnDRIVE Initiative, University of Minnesota, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA; Neuroscience Program, Research Department, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, USA
| | - Mark Fiecas
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Kelvin Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Suma Jacob
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA
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Albizu A, Indahlastari A, Huang Z, Waner J, Stolte SE, Fang R, Woods AJ. Machine-learning defined precision tDCS for improving cognitive function. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:969-974. [PMID: 37279860 PMCID: PMC11080612 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with cognitive training (CT) is widely investigated as a therapeutic tool to enhance cognitive function in older adults with and without neurodegenerative disease. Prior research demonstrates that the level of benefit from tDCS paired with CT varies from person to person, likely due to individual differences in neuroanatomical structure. OBJECTIVE The current study aims to develop a method to objectively optimize and personalize current dosage to maximize the functional gains of non-invasive brain stimulation. METHODS A support vector machine (SVM) model was trained to predict treatment response based on computational models of current density in a sample dataset (n = 14). Feature weights of the deployed SVM were used in a weighted Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to maximize the likelihood of converting tDCS non-responders to responders by finding the most optimum electrode montage and applied current intensity (optimized models). RESULTS Current distributions optimized by the proposed SVM-GMM model demonstrated 93% voxel-wise coherence within target brain regions between the originally non-responders and responders. The optimized current distribution in original non-responders was 3.38 standard deviations closer to the current dose of responders compared to the pre-optimized models. Optimized models also achieved an average treatment response likelihood and normalized mutual information of 99.993% and 91.21%, respectively. Following tDCS dose optimization, the SVM model successfully predicted all tDCS non-responders with optimized doses as responders. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study serve as a foundation for a custom dose optimization strategy towards precision medicine in tDCS to improve outcomes in cognitive decline remediation for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Aprinda Indahlastari
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ziqian Huang
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Jori Waner
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Skylar E Stolte
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ruogu Fang
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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Eldaief MC, McMains S, Izquierdo-Garcia D, Daneshzand M, Nummenmaa A, Braga RM. Network-specific metabolic and haemodynamic effects elicited by non-invasive brain stimulation. NATURE MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 1:346-360. [PMID: 37982031 PMCID: PMC10655825 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-023-00046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), when applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), treats depression. Therapeutic effects are hypothesized to arise from propagation of local dlPFC stimulation effects across distributed networks; however, the mechanisms of this remain unresolved. dlPFC contains representations of different networks. As such, dlPFC TMS may exert different effects depending on the network being stimulated. Here, to test this, we applied high-frequency TMS to two nearby dlPFC targets functionally embedded in distinct anti-correlated networks-the default and salience networks- in the same individuals in separate sessions. Local and distributed TMS effects were measured with combined 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Identical TMS patterns caused opposing effects on local glucose metabolism: metabolism increased at the salience target following salience TMS but decreased at the default target following default TMS. At the distributed level, both conditions increased functional connectivity between the default and salience networks, with this effect being dramatically larger following default TMS. Metabolic and haemodynamic effects were also linked: across subjects, the magnitude of local metabolic changes correlated with the degree of functional connectivity changes. These results suggest that TMS effects upon dlPFC are network specific. They also invoke putative antidepressant mechanisms of TMS: network de-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Eldaief
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Brain Science, Neuroimaging Facility, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - David Izquierdo-Garcia
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad Daneshzand
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Aapo Nummenmaa
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Rodrigo M. Braga
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Mahesan D, Antonenko D, Flöel A, Fischer R. Modulation of the executive control network by anodal tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improves task shielding in dual tasking. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6177. [PMID: 37061588 PMCID: PMC10105771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Task shielding is an important executive control demand in dual-task performance enabling the segregation of stimulus-response translation processes in each task to minimize between-task interference. Although neuroimaging studies have shown activity in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during various multitasking performances, the specific role of dlPFC in task shielding, and whether non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may facilitate task shielding remains unclear. We therefore applied a single-blind, crossover sham-controlled design in which 34 participants performed a dual-task experiment with either anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS, 1 mA, 20 min) or sham tDCS (1 mA, 30 s) over left dlPFC. Task shielding was assessed by the backward-crosstalk effect, indicating the extent of between-task interference in dual tasks. Between-task interference was largest at high temporal overlap between tasks, i.e., at short stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). Most importantly, in these conditions of highest multitasking demands, atDCS compared to sham stimulation significantly reduced between-task interference in error rates. These findings extend previous neuroimaging evidence and support modulation of successful task shielding through a conventional tDCS setup with anodal electrode over the left dlPFC. Moreover, our results demonstrate that NIBS can improve shielding of the prioritized task processing, especially in conditions of highest vulnerability to between-task interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devu Mahesan
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Franz-Mehring-Strasse 47, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Daria Antonenko
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Standort Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rico Fischer
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Franz-Mehring-Strasse 47, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Riaz U, Razzaq FA, Areces-Gonzalez A, Piastra MC, Vega MLB, Paz-Linares D, Valdés-Sosa PA. Automatic Quality Control of the numerical accuracy of EEG Lead fields. Neuroimage 2023; 273:120091. [PMID: 37060935 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise individualized EEG source localization is predicated on having accurate subject-specific Lead Fields (LFs) obtained from their Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI). LF calculation is a complex process involving several error-prone steps that start with obtaining a realistic head model from the MRI and finalizing with computationally expensive solvers such as the Boundary Element Method (BEM) or Finite Element Method (FEM). Current Big-Data applications require the calculation of batches of hundreds or thousands of LFs. LF. Quality Control is conventionally checked subjectively by experts, a procedure not feasible in practice for larger batches. To facilitate this step, we introduce the Lead Field Automatic-Quality Control Index (LF-AQI) that flags LF with potential errors. We base our LF-AQI on the assumption that LFs obtained from simpler head models, i.e., the homogeneous head model LF (HHM-LF) or spherical head model LF (SHM-LF), deviate only moderately from a "good" realistic test LF. Since these simpler LFs are easier to compute and check for errors, they may serve as "reference LF" to detect anomalous realistic test LF. We investigated this assumption by comparing correlation-based channel ρmin(ref,test)and source τmin(ref,test) similarity indices (SI) between "gold standards," i.e., very accurate FEM and BEM LFs, and the proposed references (HHM-LF and SHM-LF). Surprisingly we found that the most uncomplicated possible reference, HHM-LF had high SI values with the gold standards-leading us to explore further use of the channel ρmin(HHM-LF,test)and source τmin(HHM-LF,test)SI as a basis for our LF-AQI. Indeed, these SI successfully detected five simulated scenarios of LFs artifacts. This result encouraged us to evaluate the SI on a large dataset and thus define our LF-AQI. We thus computed the SI of 1251 LFs obtained from the Child Mind Institute (CMI) MRI dataset. When ρmin(HHM-LF,test)and source τmin(HHM-LF,test) were plotted for all test subjects on a 2D space, most were tightly clustered around the median of a high similarity centroid (HSC), except for a smaller proportion of outliers. We define the LF-AQI for a given LF as the log Euclidean distance between its SI and the HSC median. To automatically detect outliers, the threshold is at the 90th percentile of the CMI LF-AQIs (-0.9755). LF-AQI greater than this threshold flag individual LF to be checked. The robustness of this LF-AQI screening was checked by repeated out-of-sample validation. Strikingly, minor corrections in re-processing the flagged cases eliminated their status as outliers. Furthermore, the "doubtful" labels assigned by LF-AQI were validated by neuroscience students using a Likert scale questionnaire designed to manually check the LF's quality. Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis was applied to the questionnaire results to compute an optimized model and a latent variable θ for that model. A linear mixed model (LMM) between the θ and LF-AQI resulted in an effect with a Cohen's d value of 1.3 and a p-value <0.001, thus validating the correspondence of LF-AQI with the visual quality control. We provide an open-source pipeline to implement both LF calculation and its quality control to allow further evaluation of our index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Riaz
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuleah A Razzaq
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ariosky Areces-Gonzalez
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Department of Informatics, University of Pinar del Rio Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca, Cuba
| | | | - Maria L Bringas Vega
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Cuban Neuroscience Center, Havana, Cuba
| | - Deirel Paz-Linares
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Pedro A Valdés-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Cuban Neuroscience Center, Havana, Cuba.
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40
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Hunold A, Haueisen J, Nees F, Moliadze V. Review of individualized current flow modeling studies for transcranial electrical stimulation. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:405-423. [PMID: 36537991 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial intersubject variability of behavioral and neurophysiological responses to transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), which represents one of the most important limitations of tES. Many tES protocols utilize a fixed experimental parameter set disregarding individual anatomical and physiological properties. This one-size-fits-all approach might be one reason for the observed interindividual response variability. Simulation of current flow applying head models based on available anatomical data can help to individualize stimulation parameters and contribute to the understanding of the causes of this response variability. Current flow modeling can be used to retrospectively investigate the characteristics of tES effectivity. Previous studies examined, for example, the impact of skull defects and lesions on the modulation of current flow and demonstrated effective stimulation intensities in different age groups. Furthermore, uncertainty analysis of electrical conductivities in current flow modeling indicated the most influential tissue compartments. Current flow modeling, when used in prospective study planning, can potentially guide stimulation configurations resulting in individually effective tES. Specifically, current flow modeling using individual or matched head models can be employed by clinicians and scientists to, for example, plan dosage in tES protocols for individuals or groups of participants. We review studies that show a relationship between the presence of behavioral/neurophysiological responses and features derived from individualized current flow models. We highlight the potential benefits of individualized current flow modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hunold
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, TU Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, TU Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vera Moliadze
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Romanella SM, Mencarelli L, Seyedmadani K, Jillings S, Tomilovskaya E, Rukavishnikov I, Sprugnoli G, Rossi S, Wuyts FL, Santarnecchi E. Optimizing transcranial magnetic stimulation for spaceflight applications. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:26. [PMID: 36977683 PMCID: PMC10050431 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As space agencies aim to reach and build installations on Mars, the crews will face longer exposure to extreme environments that may compromise their health and performance. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a painless non-invasive brain stimulation technique that could support space exploration in multiple ways. However, changes in brain morphology previously observed after long-term space missions may impact the efficacy of this intervention. We investigated how to optimize TMS for spaceflight-associated brain changes. Magnetic resonance imaging T1-weighted scans were collected from 15 Roscosmos cosmonauts and 14 non-flyer participants before, after 6 months on the International Space Station, and at a 7-month follow-up. Using biophysical modeling, we show that TMS generates different modeled responses in specific brain regions after spaceflight in cosmonauts compared to the control group. Differences are related to spaceflight-induced structural brain changes, such as those impacting cerebrospinal fluid volume and distribution. We suggest solutions to individualize TMS to enhance its efficacy and precision for potential applications in long-duration space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Romanella
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Radiology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - L Mencarelli
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, IRCSS "Santa Lucia" Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - K Seyedmadani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, NASA Johnson Space Center Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Jillings
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace (LEIA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - E Tomilovskaya
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Rukavishnikov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - G Sprugnoli
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - F L Wuyts
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace (LEIA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - E Santarnecchi
- Precision Neuroscience and Neuromodulation Program, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Radiology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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42
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Alawi M, Lee PF, Deng ZD, Goh YK, Croarkin PE. Modelling the differential effects of age on transcranial magnetic stimulation induced electric fields. J Neural Eng 2023; 20. [PMID: 36240726 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac9a76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The therapeutic application of noninvasive brain stimulation modalities such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has expanded in terms of indications and patient populations. Often neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative changes are not considered in research studies and clinical applications. This study sought to examine TMS dosing across time points in the life cycle.Approach. TMS induced electric fields with a figure-of-eight coil was simulated at left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex regions and taken in vertex as a control region. Realistic magnetic resonance imaging-based head models (N= 48) were concurrently examined in a cross-sectional study of three different age groups (children, adults, and elderlies).Main results. Age had a negative correlation with electric field peaks in white matter, grey matter and cerebrospinal fluid (P< 0.001). Notably, the electric field map in children displayed the widest cortical surface spread of TMS induced electric fields.Significance. Age-related anatomical geometry beneath the coil stimulation site had a significant impact on the TMS induced electric fields for different age groups. Safety considerations for TMS applications and protocols in children are warranted based on the present electric field findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Alawi
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Poh Foong Lee
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Yong Kheng Goh
- Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Paul E Croarkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, MN, United States of America
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Carlson HL, Giuffre A, Ciechanski P, Kirton A. Electric field simulations of transcranial direct current stimulation in children with perinatal stroke. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1075741. [PMID: 36816507 PMCID: PMC9932338 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1075741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Perinatal stroke (PS) is a focal vascular brain injury and the leading cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Motor impairments last a lifetime but treatments are limited. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance motor learning in adults but tDCS effects on motor learning are less studied in children. Imaging-based simulations of tDCS-induced electric fields (EF) suggest differences in the developing brain compared to adults but have not been applied to common pediatric disease states. We created estimates of tDCS-induced EF strength using five tDCS montages targeting the motor system in children with PS [arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) or periventricular infarction (PVI)] and typically developing controls (TDC) aged 6-19 years to explore associates between simulation values and underlying anatomy. Methods Simulations were performed using SimNIBS https://simnibs.github.io/simnibs/build/html/index.html using T1, T2, and diffusion-weighted images. After tissue segmentation and tetrahedral mesh generation, tDCS-induced EF was estimated based on the finite element model (FEM). Five 1mA tDCS montages targeting motor function in the paretic (non-dominant) hand were simulated. Estimates of peak EF strength, EF angle, field focality, and mean EF in motor cortex (M1) were extracted for each montage and compared between groups. Results Simulations for eighty-three children were successfully completed (21 AIS, 30 PVI, 32 TDC). Conventional tDCS montages utilizing anodes over lesioned cortex had higher peak EF strength values for the AIS group compared to TDC. These montages showed lower mean EF strength within target M1 regions suggesting that peaks were not necessarily localized to motor network-related targets. EF angle was lower for TDC compared to PS groups for a subset of montages. Montages using anodes over lesioned cortex were more sensitive to variations in underlying anatomy (lesion and tissue volumes) than those using cathodes over non-lesioned cortex. Discussion Individualized patient-centered tDCS EF simulations are prudent for clinical trial planning and may provide insight into the efficacy of tDCS interventions in children with PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Carlson
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Helen L. Carlson,
| | - Adrianna Giuffre
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patrick Ciechanski
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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44
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Weise K, Numssen O, Kalloch B, Zier AL, Thielscher A, Haueisen J, Hartwigsen G, Knösche TR. Precise motor mapping with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Nat Protoc 2023; 18:293-318. [PMID: 36460808 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00776-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We describe a routine to precisely localize cortical muscle representations within the primary motor cortex with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) based on the functional relation between induced electric fields at the cortical level and peripheral muscle activation (motor-evoked potentials; MEPs). Besides providing insights into structure-function relationships, this routine lays the foundation for TMS dosing metrics based on subject-specific cortical electric field thresholds. MEPs for different coil positions and orientations are combined with electric field modeling, exploiting the causal nature of neuronal activation to pinpoint the cortical origin of the MEPs. This involves constructing an individual head model using magnetic resonance imaging, recording MEPs via electromyography during TMS and computing the induced electric fields with numerical modeling. The cortical muscle representations are determined by relating the TMS-induced electric fields to the MEP amplitudes. Subsequently, the coil position to optimally stimulate the origin of the identified cortical MEP can be determined by numerical modeling. The protocol requires 2 h of manual preparation, 10 h for the automated head model construction, one TMS session lasting 2 h, 12 h of computational postprocessing and an optional second TMS session lasting 30 min. A basic level of computer science expertise and standard TMS neuronavigation equipment suffices to perform the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Weise
- Methods and Development Group 'Brain Networks', Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. .,Technische Universität Ilmenau, Advanced Electromagnetics Group, Ilmenau, Germany.
| | - Ole Numssen
- Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Kalloch
- Methods and Development Group 'Brain Networks', Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Technische Universität Ilmenau, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Anna Leah Zier
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Axel Thielscher
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Technical University of Denmark, Center for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Health Technology, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Technische Universität Ilmenau, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Gesa Hartwigsen
- Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas R Knösche
- Methods and Development Group 'Brain Networks', Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Technische Universität Ilmenau, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Ilmenau, Germany
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45
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Hikita K, Gomez-Tames J, Hirata A. Mapping Brain Motor Functions Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with a Volume Conductor Model and Electrophysiological Experiments. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010116. [PMID: 36672097 PMCID: PMC9856731 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) activates brain cells in a noninvasive manner and can be used for mapping brain motor functions. However, the complexity of the brain anatomy prevents the determination of the exact location of the stimulated sites, resulting in the limitation of the spatial resolution of multiple targets. The aim of this study is to map two neighboring muscles in cortical motor areas accurately and quickly. Multiple stimuli were applied to the subject using a TMS stimulator to measure the motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in the corresponding muscles. For each stimulation condition (coil location and angle), the induced electric field (EF) in the brain was computed using a volume conductor model for an individualized head model of the subject constructed from magnetic resonance images. A post-processing method was implemented to determine a TMS hotspot using EF corresponding to multiple stimuli, considering the amplitude of the measured MEPs. The dependence of the computationally estimated hotspot distribution on two target muscles was evaluated (n = 11). The center of gravity of the first dorsal interosseous cortical representation was lateral to the abductor digiti minimi by a minimum of 2 mm. The localizations were consistent with the putative sites obtained from previous EF-based studies and fMRI studies. The simultaneous cortical mapping of two finger muscles was achieved with only several stimuli, which is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than that in previous studies. Our proposal would be useful in the preoperative mapping of motor or speech areas to plan brain surgery interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Hikita
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jose Gomez-Tames
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akimasa Hirata
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Aichi, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Cao Z, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Xie C, Paillère-Martinot ML, Artiges E, Li Z, Daskalakis ZJ, Yang Y, Zhu C. Targeting the pathological network: Feasibility of network-based optimization of transcranial magnetic stimulation coil placement for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1079078. [PMID: 36685239 PMCID: PMC9846047 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1079078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been recognized that the efficacy of TMS-based modulation may depend on the network profile of the stimulated regions throughout the brain. However, what profile of this stimulation network optimally benefits treatment outcomes is yet to be addressed. The answer to the question is crucial for informing network-based optimization of stimulation parameters, such as coil placement, in TMS treatments. In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of taking a disease-specific network as the target of stimulation network for guiding individualized coil placement in TMS treatments. We present here a novel network-based model for TMS targeting of the pathological network. First, combining E-field modeling and resting-state functional connectivity, stimulation networks were modeled from locations and orientations of the TMS coil. Second, the spatial anti-correlation between the stimulation network and the pathological network of a given disease was hypothesized to predict the treatment outcome. The proposed model was validated to predict treatment efficacy from the position and orientation of TMS coils in two depression cohorts and one schizophrenia cohort with auditory verbal hallucinations. We further demonstrate the utility of the proposed model in guiding individualized TMS treatment for psychiatric disorders. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated the feasibility of the novel network-based targeting strategy that uses the whole-brain, system-level abnormity of a specific psychiatric disease as a target. Results based on empirical data suggest that the strategy may potentially be utilized to identify individualized coil parameters for maximal therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- INSERM U A10 Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Center Borelli, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM U A10 Developmental Trajectories and Psychiatry, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Center Borelli, University of Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Etablissement Public de Santé (EPS) Barthélemy Durand, tampes, France
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zafiris J. Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yihong Yang
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chaozhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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47
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Targeting neural correlates of placebo effects. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE, & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 23:217-236. [PMID: 36517733 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing the placebo effects would prompt critical ramifications for research and clinical practice. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and multifocal transcranial electric stimulation, could manipulate the placebo response by modulating the activity and excitability of its neural correlates. To identify potential stimulation targets, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate placebo-associated regions in healthy volunteers, including studies with emotional components and painful stimuli. Using biophysical modeling, we identified NIBS solutions to manipulate placebo effects by targeting either a single key region or multiple connected areas. Moving to a network-oriented approach, we then ran a quantitative network mapping analysis on the functional connectivity profile of clusters emerging from the meta-analysis. As a result, we suggest a multielectrode optimized montage engaging the connectivity patterns of placebo-associated functional brain networks. These NIBS solutions hope to provide a starting point to actively control, modulate or enhance placebo effects in future clinical studies and cognitive enhancement studies.
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48
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Uenishi S, Tamaki A, Yamada S, Yasuda K, Ikeda N, Mizutani-Tiebel Y, Keeser D, Padberg F, Tsuji T, Kimoto S, Takahashi S. Computational modeling of electric fields for prefrontal tDCS across patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 326:111547. [PMID: 36240572 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
This cross-diagnostic study aims to computationally model electric field (efield) for prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation in mood disorders and schizophrenia. Enrolled were patients with major depressive disorder (n = 23), bipolar disorder (n = 24), schizophrenia (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 23). The efield was simulated using SimNIBS software (ver.2.1.1). Electrodes were placed at the left and right prefrontal areas and the current intensity was set to 2 mA intensity. Schizophrenia and major depressive disorder groups showed significantly lower 99.5th percentile efield strength than healthy controls. In voxel-wise analysis, patients with schizophrenia showed a significant reduction of simulated efield strength in the bilateral frontal lobe, cerebellum and brain stem compared with healthy controls. Among the patients with schizophrenia, reduction of simulated efield strength was not significantly correlated with psychiatric symptoms or global functioning. The patients with bipolar disorder showed no significant difference in simulated efield strength compared with healthy controls, and there was no significant difference between the clinical groups. Our results suggest attenuated electrophysiological response to transcranial direct current stimulation to the prefrontal cortex in patients with schizophrenia, and to some extent in patients with major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Uenishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Hidaka Hospital, Gobo, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Tamaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Hidaka Hospital, Gobo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kasumi Yasuda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Ikeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Wakayama Prefectural Mental Health Care Center, Aridagawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizutani-Tiebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomikimi Tsuji
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shun Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Japan; Clinical Research and Education Center, Asakayama General Hospital, Sakai, Japan
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49
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Lee S, Park J, Choi DS, Lim S, Kwak Y, Jang DP, Kim DH, Ji HB, Choy YB, Im CH. Feasibility of epidural temporal interference stimulation for minimally invasive electrical deep brain stimulation: simulation and phantom experimental studies. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 36066021 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac8503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Temporal interference stimulation (TIS) has shown the potential as a new method for selective stimulation of deep brain structures in small animal experiments. However, it is challenging to deliver a sufficient temporal interference (TI) current to directly induce an action potential in the deep area of the human brain when electrodes are attached to the scalp because the amount of injection current is generally limited due to safety issues. Thus, we propose a novel method called epidural TIS (eTIS) to address this issue; in this method, the electrodes are attached to the epidural surface under the skull.Approach. We employed finite element method (FEM)-based electric field simulations to demonstrate the feasibility of eTIS. We first optimized the electrode conditions to deliver maximum TI currents to each of the three different targets (anterior hippocampus, subthalamic nucleus, and ventral intermediate nucleus) based on FEM, and compared the stimulation focality between eTIS and transcranial TIS (tTIS). Moreover, we conducted realistic skull-phantom experiments for validating the accuracy of the computational simulation for eTIS.Main results. Our simulation results showed that eTIS has the advantage of avoiding the delivery of TI currents over unwanted neocortical regions compared with tTIS for all three targets. It was shown that the optimized eTIS could induce neural action potentials at each of the three targets when a sufficiently large current equivalent to that for epidural cortical stimulation is injected. Additionally, the simulated results and measured results via the phantom experiments were in good agreement.Significance. We demonstrated the feasibility of eTIS, facilitating more focalized and stronger electrical stimulation of deep brain regions than tTIS, with the relatively less invasive placement of electrodes than conventional deep brain stimulation via computational simulation and realistic skull phantom experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjun Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Choi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokbeen Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjong Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Pyo Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Center for Intelligent and Interactive Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bi Ji
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Choy
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Im
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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50
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80 Hz but not 40 Hz, transcranial alternating current stimulation of 80 Hz over right intraparietal sulcus increases visuospatial working memory capacity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13762. [PMID: 35962011 PMCID: PMC9374770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) is a complex cognitive function involved in the temporary storage and manipulation of information, which has been one of the target cognitive functions to be restored in neurorehabilitation. WM capacity is known to be proportional to the number of gamma cycles nested in a single theta cycle. Therefore, gamma-band transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) should be dependent of the stimulation frequency; however, the results of previous studies that employed 40 Hz tACS have not been consistent. The optimal locations and injection currents of multiple scalp electrodes were determined based on numerical simulations of electric field. Experiments were conducted with 20 healthy participants. The order of three stimulation conditions (40 Hz tACS, 80 Hz tACS, and sham stimulation) were randomized but counterbalanced. Visual hemifield-specific visual WM capacity was assessed using a delayed visual match to the sample task. High gamma tACS significantly increased WM capacity, while low gamma tACS had no significant effect. Notably, 80 Hz tACS increased WM capacity on both the left and right visual hemifields, while previous tACS studies only reported the effects of tACS on contralateral hemifields. This is the first study to investigate the frequency-dependent effect of gamma-band tACS on WM capacity. Our findings also suggest that high gamma tACS might influence not only WM capacity but also communication between interhemispheric cortical regions. It is expected that high gamma tACS could be a promising neurorehabilitation method to enhance higher-order cognitive functions with similar mechanisms.
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