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Fernández-Llamazares Á, Teixidor-Toneu I, Armstrong CG, Caviedes J, Ibarra JT, Lepofsky D, McAlvay AC, Molnár Z, Moraes RM, Odonne G, Poe MR, Sharifian Bahraman A, Turner NJ. The global relevance of locally grounded ethnobiology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:53. [PMID: 38762450 PMCID: PMC11102124 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
While ethnobiology is a discipline that focuses on the local, it has an outstanding, but not yet fully realized potential to address global issues. Part of this unrealized potential is that universalistic approaches often do not fully recognize culturally grounded perspectives and there are multiple challenges with scaling up place-based research. However, scalability is paramount to ensure that the intimate and context-specific diversity of human-environmental relationships and understandings are recognized in global-scale planning and policy development. Here, we identify four pathways to enable the scalability of place-based ethnobiological research from the ground up: local-to-global dialogues, aggregation of published data, multi-sited studies, and geospatial analyses. We also discuss some major challenges and consideration to encourage continuous reflexivity in these endeavours and to ensure that scalability does not contribute to unnecessarily decontextualizing, co-opting, or overwriting the epistemologies of Indigenous Peoples and local communities. As ethnobiology navigates multiple scales of time and space and seeks to increase its breadth, this study shows that the use of deliberately global approaches, when carefully nested within rich field-based and ecological and ethnographically grounded data, can contribute to: (1) upscaling case-specific insights to unveil global patterns and dynamics in the biocultural contexts of Indigenous Peoples and local communities; (2) bringing ethnobiological knowledge into resolutions that can influence global environmental research and policy agendas; and (3) enriching ethnobiology's field-based ethos with a deliberate global analytical focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia (BABVE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | - Julián Caviedes
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- ECOS (Ecosystem - Complexity - Society) Co-Laboratory, Center for Local Development (CEDEL) & Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Villarrica, Chile
| | - José Tomás Ibarra
- ECOS (Ecosystem - Complexity - Society) Co-Laboratory, Center for Local Development (CEDEL) & Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Villarrica, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center for Global Change Studies and Biocultural Conservation (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Systems & Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Dana Lepofsky
- Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Alex C McAlvay
- Institute of Economic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - R Mónica Moraes
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Guillaume Odonne
- UAR 3456 LEEISA (Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions Des Systèmes Amazoniens), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, Cayenne, France
| | | | - Abolfazl Sharifian Bahraman
- Range and Watershed Management Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nancy J Turner
- School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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2
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Baker V, Ataria J, Ankeny R, Bray H. Transdisciplinary science and the importance of Indigenous knowledge. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:805-816. [PMID: 37772337 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
As we move ever closer to the brink of global environmental collapse, it is vital that we work collaboratively and collectively as global, national, and local communities to design multiscale change. Protecting future generations and reversing (or substantively slowing) the current trends require rapid sustainable progress at the required scale. It is more urgent than ever that we understand and more fully realize the power of transdisciplinary (Td) research to support sustainable practice. A defining factor of Td is the focus on collaboration and codesign and the extent that participation and attention to local context is integral to the knowledge building. Specifically, there is greater ability for community knowledge, values, and aspirations to influence and shape research inquiries to effect meaningful change in real-world decision-making and outcomes. Business-as-usual (BAU) approaches that perpetuate unequal knowledge sharing and dismiss other forms of knowledge beyond traditional science no longer suffice. Transdisciplinary approaches seek to achieve and support sustainable change, but the extent of transformation required to meet ecological protection and regenerative sustainability requires very different operating models for knowing and doing science than the limited traditions of positivist science. However, these powerful defaults and operating paradigms are more deeply ingrained than we might realize, and so challenges persist. This article illustrates how Td science differs from typical research paradigms, particularly in terms of the underlying epistemology; the focus on knowledge and/or power; attention to boundaries and scope; and the degree to which local knowledge, context, and community participation underpin the research process. Active conversations are required to better identify and overcome fundamental challenges for science and Td research approaches to support the necessary transformational change. Importantly, we suggest that Indigenous partnerships, knowledge, and values are vital in achieving the potential of Td research to provide transformational interventions to address complex social and environmental issues such as pollution. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:805-816. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Baker
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited (ESR), Porirua, Aotearoa, New Zealand
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - James Ataria
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Ankeny
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Heather Bray
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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3
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Chong K, Hickey GM, Chan HM, Basu N. Exploring practices, challenges, and priorities for human health and ecological risk assessments in Indigenous communities in Canada. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024. [PMID: 38639473 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Indigenous peoples in Canada are disproportionately exposed to environmental contaminants and may face elevated health risks related to their unique cultural, spiritual, and economic relationships with the land, including the use of traditional food systems. However, to date, institutionalized approaches to assess risks to human and ecological health from contaminants have not been well developed or implemented with Indigenous community contexts in mind. There is regulatory interest in developing new approach methods for risk assessment, and thus an opportunity to increase their relevance to Indigenous communities in which they will be ultimately applied. Therefore, we conducted an anonymous mixed-methods survey of those involved with risk assessment in Indigenous communities in Canada to: (1) understand risk assessment practice in Indigenous communities, (2) explore challenges with conventional assessment methods and compare these across sectors, and (3) gather perspectives on the development of new approaches. In all, 38 completed survey responses were received (14% response rate). Respondents were from Indigenous community environment and health offices (21% of respondents), Indigenous governments (8%), federal and provincial governments (21%), and academia (45%). Risk communication was seen as the most challenging part of risk assessment (71% responded "difficult"), and nearly all respondents agreed that time (86%), cost (76%), and resource availability (86%) were "moderate" to "serious" problems. Few respondents (16%) had heard of "new approach methods" for risk assessment, and 76% of respondents (and 100% of community-based respondents) agreed on the need to develop improved risk assessment approaches. To modernize risk assessment, respondents recommended advancing cumulative risk assessment methods, improving risk communication, and promoting Indigenous leadership and Traditional Knowledge in assessment activities. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-16. © 2024 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Chong
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples Nutrition and Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gordon M Hickey
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Indigenous Peoples Nutrition and Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Balasooriya BMJK, Rajapakse J, Gallage C. A review of drinking water quality issues in remote and indigenous communities in rich nations with special emphasis on Australia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166559. [PMID: 37633366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This review paper examines the drinking water quality issues in remote and Indigenous communities, with a specific emphasis on Australia. Access to clean and safe drinking water is vital for the well-being of Indigenous communities worldwide, yet numerous challenges hinder their ability to obtain and maintain water security. This review focuses on the drinking water-related issues faced by Indigenous populations in countries such as the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. In the Australian context, remote and Indigenous communities encounter complex challenges related to water quality, including microbial and chemical contamination, exacerbated by climate change effects. Analysis of water quality trends in Queensland, New South Wales, Western Australia, and the Northern Territory reveals concerns regarding various pollutants with very high concentrations in the source water leading to levels exceeding recommended drinking water limits such as hardness, turbidity, fluoride, iron, and manganese levels after limited treatment facilities available in these communities. Inadequate water quality and quantity contribute to adverse health effects, particularly among Indigenous populations who may resort to sugary beverages. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive approaches encompassing testing, funding, governance, appropriate and sustainable treatment technologies, and cultural considerations. Collaborative efforts, risk-based approaches, and improved infrastructure are essential to ensure equitable access to clean and safe drinking water for remote and Indigenous communities, ultimately improving health outcomes and promoting social equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M J Kalpana Balasooriya
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Jay Rajapakse
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
| | - Chaminda Gallage
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia.
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Li M, Do V, Brooks JL, Hilpert M, Goldsmith J, Chillrud SN, Ali T, Best LG, Yracheta J, Umans JG, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Navas-Acien A, Kioumourtzoglou MA. Fine particulate matter composition in American Indian vs. Non-American Indian communities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117091. [PMID: 37683786 PMCID: PMC10591960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a known risk factor for numerous adverse health outcomes, with varying estimates of component-specific effects. Populations with compromised health conditions such as diabetes can be more sensitive to the health impacts of air pollution exposure. Recent trends in PM2.5 in primarily American Indian- (AI-) populated areas examined in previous work declined more gradually compared to the declines observed in the rest of the US. To further investigate components contributing to these findings, we compared trends in concentrations of six PM2.5 components in AI- vs. non-AI-populated counties over time (2000-2017) in the contiguous US. METHODS We implemented component-specific linear mixed models to estimate differences in annual county-level concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, black carbon, and mineral dust from well-validated surface PM2.5 models in AI- vs. non-AI-populated counties, using a multi-criteria approach to classify counties as AI- or non-AI-populated. Models adjusted for population density and median household income. We included interaction terms with calendar year to estimate whether concentration differences in AI- vs. non-AI-populated counties varied over time. RESULTS Our final analysis included 3108 counties, with 199 (6.4%) classified as AI-populated. On average across the study period, adjusted concentrations of all six PM2.5 components in AI-populated counties were significantly lower than in non-AI-populated counties. However, component-specific levels in AI- vs. non-AI-populated counties varied over time: sulfate and ammonium levels were significantly lower in AI- vs. non-AI-populated counties before 2011 but higher after 2011 and nitrate levels were consistently lower in AI-populated counties. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates time trend differences of specific components by AI-populated county type. Notably, decreases in sulfate and ammonium may contribute to steeper declines in total PM2.5 in non-AI vs. AI-populated counties. These findings provide potential directives for additional monitoring and regulations of key emissions sources impacting tribal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Vivian Do
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jada L Brooks
- University of North Carolina School of Nursing, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Markus Hilpert
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Tauqeer Ali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for American Indian Health Research, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, OK, USA
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Eagle Butte, SD, USA
| | | | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA; Georgetown/Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Zeng RY, Tseng YH. Health and cultural integrity of indigenous peoples in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:666-667. [PMID: 37193624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yu Zeng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwei Tseng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
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Makhoul E, Boulos M, Cretin M, Lesage G, Miele P, Cornu D, Bechelany M. CaCu 3Ti 4O 12 Perovskite Materials for Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2119. [PMID: 37513130 PMCID: PMC10383651 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The many pollutants detected in water represent a global environmental issue. Emerging and persistent organic pollutants are particularly difficult to remove using traditional treatment methods. Electro-oxidation and sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation processes are innovative removal methods for these contaminants. These approaches rely on the generation of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals during electro-oxidation and sulfate activation, respectively. In addition, hybrid activation, in which these methods are combined, is interesting because of the synergistic effect of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. Hybrid activation effectiveness in pollutant removal can be influenced by various factors, particularly the materials used for the anode. This review focuses on various organic pollutants. However, it focuses more on pharmaceutical pollutants, particularly paracetamol, as this is the most frequently detected emerging pollutant. It then discusses electro-oxidation, photocatalysis and sulfate radicals, highlighting their unique advantages and their performance for water treatment. It focuses on perovskite oxides as an anode material, with a particular interest in calcium copper titanate (CCTO), due to its unique properties. The review describes different CCTO synthesis techniques, modifications, and applications for water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Makhoul
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Matériaux (LCPM/PR2N), EDST, Faculté des Sciences II, Département de Chimie, Université Libanaise, Fanar P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Madona Boulos
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique des Matériaux (LCPM/PR2N), EDST, Faculté des Sciences II, Département de Chimie, Université Libanaise, Fanar P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon
| | - Marc Cretin
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Miele
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, CEDEX 05, 75231 Paris, France
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST), West Mishref, Hawalli 32093, Kuwait
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8
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Scheidel A, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Bara AH, Del Bene D, David-Chavez DM, Fanari E, Garba I, Hanaˇek K, Liu J, Martínez-Alier J, Navas G, Reyes-García V, Roy B, Temper L, Thiri MA, Tran D, Walter M, Whyte KP. Global impacts of extractive and industrial development projects on Indigenous Peoples' lifeways, lands, and rights. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade9557. [PMID: 37285420 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To what extent do extractive and industrial development pressures affect Indigenous Peoples' lifeways, lands, and rights globally? We analyze 3081 environmental conflicts over development projects to quantify Indigenous Peoples' exposure to 11 reported social-environmental impacts jeopardizing the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Indigenous Peoples are affected in at least 34% of all documented environmental conflicts worldwide. More than three-fourths of these conflicts are caused by mining, fossil fuels, dam projects, and the agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and livestock (AFFL) sector. Landscape loss (56% of cases), livelihood loss (52%), and land dispossession (50%) are reported to occur globally most often and are significantly more frequent in the AFFL sector. The resulting burdens jeopardize Indigenous rights and impede the realization of global environmental justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnim Scheidel
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anju Helen Bara
- Department of Development Studies, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
| | - Daniela Del Bene
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominique M David-Chavez
- Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Eleonora Fanari
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ibrahim Garba
- Native Nations Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ksenija Hanaˇek
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Global Development Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juan Liu
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Joan Martínez-Alier
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grettel Navas
- Facultad de Gobierno, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brototi Roy
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Central European University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leah Temper
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - May Aye Thiri
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dalena Tran
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Walter
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kyle Powys Whyte
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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9
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Ivey Henry P, Spence Beaulieu MR, Bradford A, Graves JL. Embedded racism: Inequitable niche construction as a neglected evolutionary process affecting health. Evol Med Public Health 2023; 11:112-125. [PMID: 37197590 PMCID: PMC10184440 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Racial health disparities are a pervasive feature of modern experience and structural racism is increasingly recognized as a public health crisis. Yet evolutionary medicine has not adequately addressed the racialization of health and disease, particularly the systematic embedding of social biases in biological processes leading to disparate health outcomes delineated by socially defined race. In contrast to the sheer dominance of medical publications which still assume genetic 'race' and omit mention of its social construction, we present an alternative biological framework of racialized health. We explore the unifying evolutionary-ecological principle of niche construction as it offers critical insights on internal and external biological and behavioral feedback processes environments at every level of the organization. We Integrate insights of niche construction theory in the context of human evolutionary and social history and phenotype-genotype modification, exposing the extent to which racism is an evolutionary mismatch underlying inequitable disparities in disease. We then apply ecological models of niche exclusion and exploitation to institutional and interpersonal racial constructions of population and individual health and demonstrate how discriminatory processes of health and harm apply to evolutionarily relevant disease classes and life-history processes in which socially defined race is poorly understood and evaluated. Ultimately, we call for evolutionary and biomedical scholars to recognize the salience of racism as a pathogenic process biasing health outcomes studied across disciplines and to redress the neglect of focus on research and application related to this crucial issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ivey Henry
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Angelle Bradford
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joseph L Graves
- Department of Biology, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
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10
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Tremblay LA, Chariton AA, Li MS, Zhang Y, Horiguchi T, Ellis JI. Monitoring the Health of Coastal Environments in the Pacific Region-A Review. TOXICS 2023; 11:277. [PMID: 36977042 PMCID: PMC10059979 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coastal areas provide important ecological services to populations accessing, for example, tourism services, fisheries, minerals and petroleum. Coastal zones worldwide are exposed to multiple stressors that threaten the sustainability of receiving environments. Assessing the health of these valuable ecosystems remains a top priority for environmental managers to ensure the key stressor sources are identified and their impacts minimized. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of current coastal environmental monitoring frameworks in the Asia-Pacific region. This large geographical area includes many countries with a range of climate types, population densities and land uses. Traditionally, environmental monitoring frameworks have been based on chemical criteria set against guideline threshold levels. However, regulatory organizations are increasingly promoting the incorporation of biological effects-based data in their decision-making processes. Using a range of examples drawn from across the region, we provide a synthesis of the major approaches currently being applied to examine coastal health in China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. In addition, we discuss some of the challenges and investigate potential solutions for improving traditional lines of evidence, including the coordination of regional monitoring programs, the implementation of ecosystem-based management and the inclusion of indigenous knowledge and participatory processes in decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis A. Tremblay
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Anthony A. Chariton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Meng-Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Toshihiro Horiguchi
- Ecosystem Impact Research Section, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Joanne I. Ellis
- School of Sciences, Waikato University, Tauranga 3240, New Zealand
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11
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Dokis C. Imposing calculations: The visibility and invisibility of harm in the Mackenzie Gas Project environmental assessment. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2023; 7:1056277. [PMID: 36714362 PMCID: PMC9880046 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.1056277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental assessment is an institutional apparatus through which proponents concede harm associated with extractive projects. Within these processes proponents define the nature and scope of harm, which is made visible through the production of indicators and measurements and made manageable through mitigation measures or economic compensation. That the activities of extractive industries may have effects on surrounding ecologies is rarely in question; proponents of extractive projects regularly concede that their activities will result in negative (but also positive) changes to environments and communities. What is often contested in the course of environmental assessment and regulatory processes is the "significance" of the impacts identified, the nature of the harm caused, and whether or not it is possible or acceptable to accommodate it. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the Sahtu Settlement Area, NWT during the Mackenzie Gas Project environmental assessment, along with regulatory documents and transcripts, this paper examines how proponents and regulatory regimes work to make the impacts of extractive industries visible, and how these logics deviate discursively and materially from many Indigenous peoples' understandings of appropriate relationships between human beings and nature.
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12
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Woodruff TJ, Rayasam SDG, Axelrad DA, Koman PD, Chartres N, Bennett DH, Birnbaum LS, Brown P, Carignan CC, Cooper C, Cranor CF, Diamond ML, Franjevic S, Gartner EC, Hattis D, Hauser R, Heiger-Bernays W, Joglekar R, Lam J, Levy JI, MacRoy PM, Maffini MV, Marquez EC, Morello-Frosch R, Nachman KE, Nielsen GH, Oksas C, Abrahamsson DP, Patisaul HB, Patton S, Robinson JF, Rodgers KM, Rossi MS, Rudel RA, Sass JB, Sathyanarayana S, Schettler T, Shaffer RM, Shamasunder B, Shepard PM, Shrader-Frechette K, Solomon GM, Subra WA, Vandenberg LN, Varshavsky JR, White RF, Zarker K, Zeise L. A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement. Environ Health 2023; 21:132. [PMID: 36635734 PMCID: PMC9835243 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The manufacture and production of industrial chemicals continues to increase, with hundreds of thousands of chemicals and chemical mixtures used worldwide, leading to widespread population exposures and resultant health impacts. Low-wealth communities and communities of color often bear disproportionate burdens of exposure and impact; all compounded by regulatory delays to the detriment of public health. Multiple authoritative bodies and scientific consensus groups have called for actions to prevent harmful exposures via improved policy approaches. We worked across multiple disciplines to develop consensus recommendations for health-protective, scientific approaches to reduce harmful chemical exposures, which can be applied to current US policies governing industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants. This consensus identifies five principles and scientific recommendations for improving how agencies like the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approach and conduct hazard and risk assessment and risk management analyses: (1) the financial burden of data generation for any given chemical on (or to be introduced to) the market should be on the chemical producers that benefit from their production and use; (2) lack of data does not equate to lack of hazard, exposure, or risk; (3) populations at greater risk, including those that are more susceptible or more highly exposed, must be better identified and protected to account for their real-world risks; (4) hazard and risk assessments should not assume existence of a "safe" or "no-risk" level of chemical exposure in the diverse general population; and (5) hazard and risk assessments must evaluate and account for financial conflicts of interest in the body of evidence. While many of these recommendations focus specifically on the EPA, they are general principles for environmental health that could be adopted by any agency or entity engaged in exposure, hazard, and risk assessment. We also detail recommendations for four priority areas in companion papers (exposure assessment methods, human variability assessment, methods for quantifying non-cancer health outcomes, and a framework for defining chemical classes). These recommendations constitute key steps for improved evidence-based environmental health decision-making and public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey J Woodruff
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Swati D G Rayasam
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | | | - Patricia D Koman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Deborah H Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences and National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Phil Brown
- Social Science Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Courtney C Carignan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Courtney Cooper
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Carl F Cranor
- Department of Philosophy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Miriam L Diamond
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Dale Hattis
- The George Perkins Marsh Institute, Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy Heiger-Bernays
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Juleen Lam
- Department of Public Health, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan I Levy
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Keeve E Nachman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Greylin H Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Oksas
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Joshua F Robinson
- Program On Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, Box 0132, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ted Schettler
- Science and Environmental Health Network, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Rachel M Shaffer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, USA
| | - Bhavna Shamasunder
- Department of Urban & Environmental Policy and Public Health, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kristin Shrader-Frechette
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
- Department of Philosophy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Gina M Solomon
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Public Health Institute, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Wilma A Subra
- Louisiana Environmental Action Network, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Julia R Varshavsky
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberta F White
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken Zarker
- Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA, USA
| | - Lauren Zeise
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
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13
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Blanco GD, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Blanco GD, Baker J, Tagliari MSM, Hayata MA, Campos ML, Hanazaki N. The impacts of mining on the food sovereignty and security of Indigenous Peoples and local communities: A global review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158803. [PMID: 36115402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mineral extraction areas represent an environmental, social, and also a food sovereignty challenge for several countries. Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLC) are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of mining activities, particularly those that affect their lands and waters. At the global level, scientific evidence on the impacts of mining on the food sovereignty of IPLC is meagre, scattered, and fragmented across disciplines and geographic regions. This study aims to assess whether factors such as mining, trace elements contamination, social inequality, lack of environmental deficitary environmental policy and practice, and socio-environmental conflicts directly impact the food sovereignty of IPLC worldwide. Through a comprehensive literature review of 403 articles, we mapped globally the impacts of mining activities on the food sovereignty of IPLC. Our results reveal that the combination of mining, social inequality and weak environmental strategies impinge negatively on the food sovereignty of IPLC. A hundred and six articles reviewed contained a detailed ecotoxicological analysis of food resources used by IPLC in mining areas. Of all documented species, 52.9 % were vascular plants, 40.3 % were fish and 6.8 % were mammals, presenting substantial scientific evidence of the contamination of food systems of IPLC as a direct result of mining. Given the magnitude of the evidence presented in this review, we propose strategic policy actions to address the impacts of mining on IPLC food sovereignty, such as the strengthening of social, cultural, and environmental safeguards in the mining sector, which should include provisions for the protection of the food systems of IPLC and their culturally-valued food resources, as well as monitoring of contaminant concentrations in the environment and in culturally-valued food resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Dias Blanco
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriela Dias Blanco
- Department of Sociology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 91509-900 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janelle Baker
- Anthropology, Centre for Social Sciences, Athabasca University, Canada
| | - Mario Sergio M Tagliari
- Municipal Faculty of Education and Environment, Clevelândia, St. Coronel Ferreira Belo, 85530-000 Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Albuquerque Hayata
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mari Lucia Campos
- Department of Soils and Natural Resources, State University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), 88035-901 Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Natalia Hanazaki
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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14
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Mahynski NA, Ragland JM, Schuur SS, Shen VK. Building Interpretable Machine Learning Models to Identify Chemometric Trends in Seabirds of the North Pacific Ocean. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14361-14374. [PMID: 36197753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Marine environmental monitoring efforts often rely on the bioaccumulation of persistent anthropogenic contaminants in organisms to create a spatiotemporal record of the ecosystem. Intercorrelation results from the origin, uptake, and transport of these contaminants throughout the ecosystem and may be affected by organism-specific processes such as biotransformation. Here, we explore trends that machine learning tools reveal about a large, recently released environmental chemistry data set of common anthropogenic pollutants measured in the eggs of five seabird species from the North Pacific Ocean. We modeled these data with a variety of machine learning approaches and found models that could accurately determine a range of taxonomic and spatiotemporal trends. We illustrate a general workflow and set of analysis tools that can be used to identify interpretable models which perform nearly as well as state-of-the-art "black boxes." For example, we found shallow decision trees that could resolve genus with greater than 96% accuracy using as few as two analytes and a k-nearest neighbor classifier that could resolve species differences with more than 94% accuracy using only five analytes. The benefits of interpretability outweighed the marginally improved accuracy of more complex models. This demonstrates how machine learning may be used to discover rational, quantitative trends in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Mahynski
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899-8320, United States
| | - Jared M Ragland
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899-8320, United States
| | - Stacy S Schuur
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899-8320, United States
| | - Vincent K Shen
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899-8320, United States
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15
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Houde M, Krümmel EM, Mustonen T, Brammer J, Brown TM, Chételat J, Dahl PE, Dietz R, Evans M, Gamberg M, Gauthier MJ, Gérin-Lajoie J, Hauptmann AL, Heath JP, Henri DA, Kirk J, Laird B, Lemire M, Lennert AE, Letcher RJ, Lord S, Loseto L, MacMillan GA, Mikaelsson S, Mutter EA, O'Hara T, Ostertag S, Robards M, Shadrin V, Smith M, Stimmelmayr R, Sudlovenick E, Swanson H, Thomas PJ, Walker VK, Whiting A. Contributions and perspectives of Indigenous Peoples to the study of mercury in the Arctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 841:156566. [PMID: 35697218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arctic Indigenous Peoples are among the most exposed humans when it comes to foodborne mercury (Hg). In response, Hg monitoring and research have been on-going in the circumpolar Arctic since about 1991; this work has been mainly possible through the involvement of Arctic Indigenous Peoples. The present overview was initially conducted in the context of a broader assessment of Hg research organized by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. This article provides examples of Indigenous Peoples' contributions to Hg monitoring and research in the Arctic, and discusses approaches that could be used, and improved upon, when carrying out future activities. Over 40 mercury projects conducted with/by Indigenous Peoples are identified for different circumpolar regions including the U.S., Canada, Greenland, Sweden, Finland, and Russia as well as instances where Indigenous Knowledge contributed to the understanding of Hg contamination in the Arctic. Perspectives and visions of future Hg research as well as recommendations are presented. The establishment of collaborative processes and partnership/co-production approaches with scientists and Indigenous Peoples, using good communication practices and transparency in research activities, are key to the success of research and monitoring activities in the Arctic. Sustainable funding for community-driven monitoring and research programs in Arctic countries would be beneficial and assist in developing more research/monitoring capacity and would promote a more holistic approach to understanding Hg in the Arctic. These activities should be well connected to circumpolar/international initiatives to ensure broader availability of the information and uptake in policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Houde
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Eva M Krümmel
- Inuit Circumpolar Council - Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tero Mustonen
- Snowchange Cooperative, Selkie, North Karelia, Finland
| | - Jeremy Brammer
- Vuntut Gwitchin Government, Old Crow, YT, Canada; Environment and Climate Chance Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tanya M Brown
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, West Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John Chételat
- Environment and Climate Chance Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marlene Evans
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Joel P Heath
- The Arctic Eider Society, Sanikiluaq, NU, Canada
| | | | - Jane Kirk
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Laird
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Lord
- Gwich'in Renewable Resources Board, Inuvik, NWT, Canada
| | - Lisa Loseto
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | | | - Edda A Mutter
- Yukon River Inter-Tribal Watershed Council, Anchorage, AK, United States
| | - Todd O'Hara
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | | | - Martin Robards
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Fairbanks, AK, United States
| | | | - Merran Smith
- Council of Yukon First Nations, Whitehorse, YT, Canada
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16
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Sadler RC, Larsen K. Mapping the Way to Good Health: The Interdisciplinary Challenges of Geographers in Medical Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12419. [PMID: 36231725 PMCID: PMC9564750 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Geography has an important role to play in shaping the direction of medical research. In particular, its tools and theory provide essential understanding to the impacts of place on health behaviors and outcomes. Understanding some of its evolution-particularly into the subfield of medical geography-is therefore useful both for geographers and medical researchers. In this paper, we present some of the debates that geographers have grappled with, the growth of GIS (particularly in the context of medical research), some important methodological considerations that geographers help center, and some recommendations for future work at this nexus. Throughout, we speak from the perspective of geographers who have worked nearly exclusively in the health sciences since obtaining our PhDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Casey Sadler
- Division of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, MI 48502, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kristian Larsen
- CAREX Canada, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
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17
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Estrada A, Garber PA, Gouveia S, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Ascensão F, Fuentes A, Garnett ST, Shaffer C, Bicca-Marques J, Fa JE, Hockings K, Shanee S, Johnson S, Shepard GH, Shanee N, Golden CD, Cárdenas-Navarrete A, Levey DR, Boonratana R, Dobrovolski R, Chaudhary A, Ratsimbazafy J, Supriatna J, Kone I, Volampeno S. Global importance of Indigenous Peoples, their lands, and knowledge systems for saving the world's primates from extinction. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2927. [PMID: 35947670 PMCID: PMC9365284 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Primates, represented by 521 species, are distributed across 91 countries primarily in the Neotropic, Afrotropic, and Indo-Malayan realms. Primates inhabit a wide range of habitats and play critical roles in sustaining healthy ecosystems that benefit human and nonhuman communities. Approximately 68% of primate species are threatened with extinction because of global pressures to convert their habitats for agricultural production and the extraction of natural resources. Here, we review the scientific literature and conduct a spatial analysis to assess the significance of Indigenous Peoples' lands in safeguarding primate biodiversity. We found that Indigenous Peoples' lands account for 30% of the primate range, and 71% of primate species inhabit these lands. As their range on these lands increases, primate species are less likely to be classified as threatened or have declining populations. Safeguarding Indigenous Peoples' lands, languages, and cultures represents our greatest chance to prevent the extinction of the world's primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Estrada
- Institute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Paul A. Garber
- Department of Anthropology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sidney Gouveia
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão - SE, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Ascensão
- cE3c—Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, 5° Piso, Sala 2.5.46, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Agustin Fuentes
- Department of Anthropology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Stephen T. Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, College of Engineering, Casuarina, Northern Territory 0909, Australia
| | - Christopher Shaffer
- Department of Anthropology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA
| | | | - Julia E. Fa
- School of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), CIFOR Headquarters, Bogor 16115, Indonesia
| | | | - Sam Shanee
- Neotropical Primate Conservation, London, UK
| | - Steig Johnson
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Glenn H. Shepard
- Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém do Para, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Antropologia Social, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Department of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024-5102, USA
| | | | - Christopher D. Golden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Dallas R. Levey
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Institute of Biology, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ramesh Boonratana
- Mahidol University International College, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Abhishek Chaudhary
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Jonah Ratsimbazafy
- Groupe d’étude et de recherche sur les primates (Gerp), Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jatna Supriatna
- Graduate Program in Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Inza Kone
- Centre Suisse des Recherches Scientifiques, Université de Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
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18
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Burns N, Linton J, Pollock NJ, Brubacher LJ, Green N, Keeling A, Latta A, Martin J, Rand J, Morton Ninomiya ME. Impact on mental health and wellbeing in Indigenous communities due to land loss resulting from industrial resource development: protocol for a systematic review. Syst Rev 2022; 11:146. [PMID: 35858926 PMCID: PMC9297628 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous Peoples are impacted by industrial resource development that takes place on, or near, their communities. Existing literature on impacts of industrial resource development on Indigenous Peoples primarily focus on physical health outcomes and rarely focus on the mental health impacts. To understand the full range of long-term and anticipated health impacts of industrial resource development on Indigenous communities, mental health impacts must be examined. It is well-established that there is a connection between the environment and Indigenous wellbeing, across interrelated dimensions of mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual health. METHODS This paper identifies how the Community Advisory Team and a team of Indigenous and settler scholars will conduct the review. The literature search will use the OVID interface to search Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health databases. Non-indexed peer-reviewed journals related to Indigenous health or research will be scanned. Books and book chapters will be identified in the Scopus and PsycINFO databases. The grey literature search will also include Google and be limited to reports published by government, academic, and non-profit organizations. Reference lists of key publications will be checked for additional relevant publications, including theses, dissertations, reports, and other articles not retrieved in the online searches. Additional sources may be recommended by team members. Included documents will focus on Indigenous Peoples in North America, South America, Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, and Circumpolar regions, research that reports on mental health, and research that is based on land loss connected to dams, mines, agriculture, or petroleum development. Literature that meets the inclusion criteria will be screened at the title/abstract and full-text stages by two team members in Covidence. The included literature will be rated with a quality appraisal tool and information will be extracted by two team members; a consensus of information will be reached and be submitted for analysis. DISCUSSION The synthesized evidence from this review is relevant for land use policy, health impact assessments, economic development, mental health service planning, and communities engaging in development projects. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; Registration number CRD42021253720 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Burns
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W., Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Janice Linton
- Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library, University of Manitoba, 66 Chancellors Cir, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Nathaniel J Pollock
- School of Arctic and Subarctic Studies, Labrador Campus, Memorial University, P.O. Box 490, Station B, Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, A0P 1E0, Canada
| | - Laura Jane Brubacher
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nadia Green
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, 116 ST & 85 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Arn Keeling
- Department of Geography, Memorial University, 230 Elizabeth Ave, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Alex Latta
- Global Studies, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Jessica Martin
- Indigenous Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jenny Rand
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, 6299 South St, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Melody E Morton Ninomiya
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3C5, Canada.
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Basu N, Abass K, Dietz R, Krümmel E, Rautio A, Weihe P. The impact of mercury contamination on human health in the Arctic: A state of the science review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154793. [PMID: 35341859 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The 2021 Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) Mercury (Hg) Assessment is motivated by Arctic populations, and most notably Indigenous Peoples in the region, who are particularly vulnerable to Hg pollution. The objective of this review paper is to answer the following AMAP policy-relevant question: what is the human health impact of Hg pollution in the Arctic? In doing so, this state of the science review paper builds on information published 10 years ago in the last AMAP Hg assessment. The synthesized results demonstrate that: a) global influences (e.g., sources and transport pathways, biogeochemical processes, climate change, globalization) drive Hg exposures into human communities; b) Hg exposures are realized through dietary intake of certain country food items, and that new exposure science approaches are helping to deepen understandings; c) the nutritional and cultural benefits of country foods are immense, though a dietary transition is underway raising concerns over metabolic syndrome and broader issues of food security as well as cultural and social well-being; d) blood Hg measures are among the highest worldwide based on the results of human biomonitoring studies; e) Hg exposures are associated with adverse health outcomes across life stages (e.g., neurodevelopmental outcomes in young children to cardiovascular disease in adults); and f) risk communication needs to be balanced, targeted and clear, culturally appropriate, and be done collaboratively. These synthesized findings are particularly timely and policy-relevant given that the Minamata Convention entered into legal force worldwide in 2017 as a regulatory scheme to reduce the use and environmental release of Hg in order to protect human health and the environment. The Convention was influenced by health concerns raised by northern populations as indicated in the preamble text which makes reference to "the particular vulnerabilities of Arctic ecosystems and Indigenous communities".
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Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Khaled Abass
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Pesticides, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Department of Ecoscience, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksbirgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Eva Krümmel
- Inuit Circumpolar Council - Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Arja Rautio
- Thule Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and University of the Arctic, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pal Weihe
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, Sigmundargøta 5, 100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands; Center of Health Science, University of The Faroe Islands, J.C. Svabosgøta 14, 100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
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20
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Rodríguez-Báez AS, Medellín-Garibay SE, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Sagahón-Azúa J, Milán-Segoviaa RDC, Flores-Ramírez R. Environmental endocrine disruptor concentrations in urine samples from Mexican Indigenous women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:38645-38656. [PMID: 35080728 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Indigenous communities in Mexico show significant degrees of vulnerability to pollution due to the lack of knowledge of health risks, traditions, low levels of support, and restricted access to healthcare. As a result, exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors increases in these populations through plastic components or indoor air pollution. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the exposure to phthalate metabolites, 1-hydroxypyrene, and bisphenol A through biomonitoring data from indigenous Mexican women. A total of 45 women from the Tocoy community in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, were included. Urine samples were analyzed for Bisphenol A and 4 phthalate metabolites by ultra-performance liquid chromatography couples to tandem mass spectrometry; additionally, the 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorescence detector. Among the main pollution sources were the use of plastic containers and burning garbage (98-100%). Indigenous women presented an exposure of 100% to mono-2-ethyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, and 1-hydroxypyrene, with a median (25th-75th percentiles) of 17,478 (11,362-37,355), 113.8 (61.7-203.5), and 1.2 (0.9-1.7) µg/g creatinine, respectively. The major findings show urinary mono-2-ethyl phthalate concentrations higher than those measured from other studies. Therefore, these results show an impressive exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in Indigenous women. The current study reflects the absence of regulatory policies in marginalized populations. It highlights the need to design strategies that mitigate exposure and the importance of biological monitoring to evaluate and prevent health risk associated with exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Socorro Rodríguez-Báez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, #6 Ave. Manuel Nava, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Susanna Edith Medellín-Garibay
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, #6 Ave. Manuel Nava, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Quintana Roo, MéxicoCenter for Applied Research in Environment and Health, CIACYT, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Julia Sagahón-Azúa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, #6 Ave. Manuel Nava, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Rosa Del Carmen Milán-Segoviaa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, #6 Ave. Manuel Nava, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- Coordination for Innovation and Application of Science and Technology (CIACYT), Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, #550 Ave. Sierra Leona, C.P. 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
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21
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Flores CAR, da Cunha AC, Cunha HFA. Solid waste generation indicators, per capita, in Amazonian countries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33138-33151. [PMID: 35025044 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Countries participating in the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization have few options for the environmentally appropriate final disposal of municipal solid waste. Thus, sustainable practices aimed at reducing the negative effects of such a disposal on the environment are complex and hard to accomplish, since solid waste generation per capita proportionally increases as populations grow (≈ 2.7% > world average), mainly in countries inserted in Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization. Thus, demographic, socioeconomic, management, and ecological factors represented by 18 independent variables were statistically analyzed to explain waste per capita variation in Amazonian countries and sub-regions. Multiple Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied; 13 of them recorded significant results (p < 0.05). Subsequently, simple and multivariate regression analyses were carried out by taking into consideration waste per capita and significant variables. Simple regression results recorded for variables "IAC" and "Gini index" were significant (RIAC2 = 60.09%, RGini2 = 30.83%), with emphasis on "Amazon biome" (DF = 33, p < 0.01, RBiome2 = 5.34%). Multivariate models resulted in wide explainability variation, depending on the number and type of available variable (54.47% ≤ Raj2 ≤ 70.83%), with emphasis on "IAC," "Ptot," "Purb," "Wton," "Lon," Area, "HDI," "Gini," and "SDG11" (p < 0.01). In conclusion, waste per capita estimation models can present variations and geographical interdependencies due to different variables and factors that reflect the current public policies and municipal solid waste management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Armando Reyes Flores
- Post-Graduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCA), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil.
| | - Alan Cavalcanti da Cunha
- Post-Graduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCA), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil
- Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia JK.km 02. S/N, Amapá 66.900-000, Jardim Marco Zero, Brazil
| | - Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque Cunha
- Post-Graduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity (PPGBIO), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGCA), Federal University of Amapá, Av. Walter Banhos 270, Amapá 68.903-516, Macapá, Brazil
- Environment and Development Department, Federal University of Amapá, Rodovia JK. km 02. S/N, Amapá 66.900-000, Jardim Marco Zero, Brazil
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22
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Beausoleil D, Munkittrick K, Dubé MG, Wyatt F. Essential components and pathways for developing Indigenous community-based monitoring: Examples from the Canadian oil sands region. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2022; 18:407-427. [PMID: 34224211 PMCID: PMC9291151 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Historically, environmental research and monitoring in the Alberta oil sands region (OSR) located in northeastern Alberta, Canada, have largely neglected, meaningful Indigenous participation. Through years of experience on the land, Indigenous knowledge (IK) holders recognize change on the landscape, drawing on inextricable links between environmental health and practicing traditional rights. The cumulative impacts of crude oil production are of great concern to Indigenous communities, and monitoring initiatives in the OSR provide unique opportunities to develop Indigenous community-based monitoring (ICBM). A review of ICBM literature on the OSR from 2009 to 2020 was completed. Based on this review, we identify best practices in ICBM and propose governance structures and a framework to support meaningful integration of ICBM into regulatory environmental monitoring. Because it involves multimedia monitoring and produces data and insights that integrate many aspects of the environment, ICBM is important for natural science research. ICBM can enhance the relevance of environmental monitoring by examining relationships between physical and chemical stressors and culturally relevant indicators, so improving predictions of long-term changes in the environment. Unfortunately, many Indigenous communities distrust researchers owing to previous experiences of exploitive use of IK. In the present paper, we recommend important practices for the integration of IK into regional environmental monitoring programs. ICBM is important to communities because it includes conditions to which communities can exercise traditional rights, and highlight how industrial activities affect this ability. Equally important, ICBM can generate a resurgence of Indigenous languages and subsequently traditional practices; it can also revive the connection with traditional lands and improve food security. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:407-427. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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23
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Reyes-García V, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y, Benyei P, Bussmann RW, Diamond SK, García-del-Amo D, Guadilla-Sáez S, Hanazaki N, Kosoy N, Lavides M, Luz AC, McElwee P, Meretsky VJ, Newberry T, Molnár Z, Ruiz-Mallén I, Salpeteur M, Wyndham FS, Zorondo-Rodriguez F, Brondizio ES. Recognizing Indigenous peoples' and local communities' rights and agency in the post-2020 Biodiversity Agenda. AMBIO 2022; 51:84-92. [PMID: 34008095 PMCID: PMC8651947 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Convention on Biological Diversity is defining the goals that will frame future global biodiversity policy in a context of rapid biodiversity decline and under pressure to make transformative change. Drawing on the work of Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars, we argue that transformative change requires the foregrounding of Indigenous peoples' and local communities' rights and agency in biodiversity policy. We support this argument with four key points. First, Indigenous peoples and local communities hold knowledge essential for setting realistic and effective biodiversity targets that simultaneously improve local livelihoods. Second, Indigenous peoples' conceptualizations of nature sustain and manifest CBD's 2050 vision of "Living in harmony with nature." Third, Indigenous peoples' and local communities' participation in biodiversity policy contributes to the recognition of human and Indigenous peoples' rights. And fourth, engagement in biodiversity policy is essential for Indigenous peoples and local communities to be able to exercise their recognized rights to territories and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Reyes-García
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carrer de les columnes, s/n. Z-building (ICTA-ICP), Bellaterra Campus, Cerdanyola del Valles, Bellatera, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, (Viikinkaari 1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas
- Centre for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University Montpellier, CNRS, CEFE, UMR 5175, 1919, Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Petra Benyei
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carrer de les columnes, s/n. Z-building (ICTA-ICP), Bellaterra Campus, Cerdanyola del Valles, Bellatera, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rainer W. Bussmann
- Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara K. Diamond
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas, Austin, USA
- College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas at Austin, 116 Inner Campus Dr. Stop G6000, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - David García-del-Amo
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carrer de les columnes, s/n. Z-building (ICTA-ICP), Bellaterra Campus, Cerdanyola del Valles, Bellatera, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Natalia Hanazaki
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, ECZ/CCB/UFSC, Campus Trindade s/n, Florianópolis, SC 88010-970 Brazil
| | - Nicolas Kosoy
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Macdonald Stewart Building, MS3-037, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | | | - Ana C. Luz
- ISEG- Lisbon School of Economics & Management, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pamela McElwee
- Department of Human Ecology, Rutgers University, 55 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA
| | - Vicky J. Meretsky
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - Teresa Newberry
- Department of Science, Tohono O’odham Community College, Sells, 1830 E. Broadway, Ste 124-202, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- Centre for Ecological Research, ELKH, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Vácrátót, 2163 Hungary
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Mallén
- Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Av. Friedrich Gauss, 5, Castelldefels, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthieu Salpeteur
- Patrimoines Locaux, Environnement et Globalisation (UMR 208 PALOC), IRD, MNHN, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 57 rue Cuvier, CP 51, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Felice S. Wyndham
- School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- PO Box 3162, Santa Cruz, CA 95063 USA
| | | | - Eduardo S. Brondizio
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University Bloomington, 702 E. Kirkwood Ave. Student building 130, Bloomington, IN 47401 USA
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Junqueira AB, Fernández-Llamazares Á, Torrents-Ticó M, Haira PL, Nasak JG, Burgas D, Fraixedas S, Cabeza M, Reyes-García V. Interactions between Climate Change and Infrastructure Projects in Changing Water Resources: An Ethnobiological Perspective from the Daasanach, Kenya. J ETHNOBIOL 2021; 41:331-348. [DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Braga Junqueira
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Building Z. Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miquel Torrents-Ticó
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul Lokono Haira
- Members of the Daasanach community. Ileret Ward, Marsabit County, Kenya
| | - Job Guol Nasak
- Members of the Daasanach community. Ileret Ward, Marsabit County, Kenya
| | - Daniel Burgas
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Sara Fraixedas
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mar Cabeza
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Building Z. Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola), Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Parajuli RP, Goodrich JM, Chan HM, Lemire M, Ayotte P, Hegele RA, Basu N. Variation in biomarker levels of metals, persistent organic pollutants, and omega-3 fatty acids in association with genetic polymorphisms among Inuit in Nunavik, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111393. [PMID: 34062203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarker measures of contaminant exposure and nutrient status can help increase understanding of the risks and benefits associated with the consumption of traditional foods by Inuit. While gene-environment and gene-nutrient interactions may help explain variations in biomarker measures, the role of genetic polymorphisms is largely understudied especially for vulnerable sub-populations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterize the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key genes and blood concentrations of environmental chemicals and nutrients among Inuit. METHODS Blood samples from 665 individuals who participated in the Qanuippitaa Survey (Nunavik, Canada) in 2004 were analyzed for toxicants and nutrients. DNA was extracted and 140 SNPs in classes relevant to the toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamics of the target contaminants and nutrients, and/or are involved in cardiovascular health and lipid metabolism were genotyped using the Sequenom iPLEX Gold platform. RESULTS Geometric means (μg/L) of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), DDE, PCB-153, and selenium (Se) were 11.1, 2.8, 39.9, 2.9, 1.1 and 301.2, respectively. Red blood cell membrane levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were 5.1%/total fatty acid (TFA) and 1.3%/TFA respectively. Out of 106 SNPs which met our inclusion criteria, biomarker levels for Hg, Cd, Pb, DDE, PCB-153, DHA, and EPA differed (p < 0.05) by genotype for 20, 13, 12, 19, 21, 9 and 8 SNPs, respectively. Following Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0005), only 9 SNPs remained significant (rs2274976 in MTHFR, rs174602 in FADS2, rs7115739 and rs74771917 in FADS3, rs713041 in GPX4, rs2306283 and rs4149056 in SLCO1B1, rs1885301 in ABCC2/MRP2, and rs4244285 in CYP2C19; 5 associated with Hg, 2 with Pb, 2 with DDE, 4 with PCB-153, 1 with DHA). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that polymorphisms in environmentally-responsive genes can influence biomarker levels of key toxicants and nutrients. While there are no immediate clinical or public health implications of these findings, we believe that such gene-environment and gene-nutrient studies provide a foundation that will inform and provide direction to future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Parajuli
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Zoology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Lemire
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Western University, ON, Canada
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Roe SM, Zavar E. Understanding the role of wrongdoing in technological disasters: Utilizing ecofeminist philosophy to examine commemoration. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 2021; 87:158-167. [PMID: 34111819 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stemming from human accident, error, or neglect, technological disasters, such as chemical spills, toxic waste contamination, nuclear radiation, transportation accidents, and factory explosions, are products of the modern industrial complex. Toxic contamination of the land can permanently displace people from their homes and erase places from the landscape. Commemoration provides an opportunity to remember the past and celebrate culturally significant place attachments while contributing to the recovery process by aiding in community healing after devastating events. We focus on two key components regarding commemoration after technological disaster, namely the acknowledgement of wrongdoing and the celebration of a resilient population and landscape. We argue that a combination of ecofeminist philosophy and environmental justice frameworks allows for a better understanding of the cycle of disaster and mitigation as it pertains to targeted groups, and that commemorative acts and artifacts following human-made disasters often fail to successfully reform this cycle. Moreover, the combination of ecofeminist philosophy and environmental justice allows us to examine the complex relationship between responsibility and targeted groups through disaster commemoration, which serves as an important way to communicate wrongdoing to both the local and greater population. Through engagement with ecofeminist philosophy and environmental justice frameworks, we explicate how commemoration after technological disaster can disrupt or reinforce systematic inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Roe
- Department of History, Southern Connecticut State University, USA.
| | - Elyse Zavar
- Department of Emergency Management & Disaster Science University of North Texas, USA.
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O'Bryan CJ, Garnett ST, Fa JE, Leiper I, Rehbein JA, Fernández‐Llamazares Á, Jackson MV, Jonas HD, Brondizio ES, Burgess ND, Robinson CJ, Zander KK, Molnár Z, Venter O, Watson JEM. The importance of Indigenous Peoples' lands for the conservation of terrestrial mammals. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:1002-1008. [PMID: 32852067 PMCID: PMC8247428 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous Peoples' lands cover over one-quarter of Earth's surface, a significant proportion of which is still free from industrial-level human impacts. As a result, Indigenous Peoples and their lands are crucial for the long-term persistence of Earth's biodiversity and ecosystem services. Yet, information on species composition on these lands globally remains largely unknown. We conducted the first comprehensive analysis of terrestrial mammal composition across mapped Indigenous lands based on data on area of habitat (AOH) for 4460 mammal species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. We overlaid each species' AOH on a current map of Indigenous lands and found that 2695 species (60% of assessed mammals) had ≥10% of their ranges on Indigenous Peoples' lands and 1009 species (23%) had >50% of their ranges on these lands. For threatened species, 473 (47%) occurred on Indigenous lands with 26% having >50% of their habitat on these lands. We also found that 935 mammal species (131 categorized as threatened) had ≥ 10% of their range on Indigenous Peoples' lands that had low human pressure. Our results show how important Indigenous Peoples' lands are to the successful implementation of conservation and sustainable development agendas worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. O'Bryan
- School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Stephen T. Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and LivelihoodsCharles Darwin UniversityDarwinNT0909Australia
| | - Julia E. Fa
- Division of Biology and Conservation EcologySchool of Science and the EnvironmentManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM15 5RNU.K.
- Center for International Forestry ResearchSitu GedeBogor16115Indonesia
| | - Ian Leiper
- Research Institute for the Environment and LivelihoodsCharles Darwin UniversityDarwinNT0909Australia
| | - Jose A. Rehbein
- Environment, Natural Resources, & the Blue Economy Global PracticeThe World BankWashingtonDC20433U.S.A.
| | | | - Micha V. Jackson
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | | | | | - Neil D. Burgess
- Center for MacroecologyEvolution and ClimateUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDK‐2100Denmark
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP‐WCMC)CambridgeCB3 0DLU.K.
| | - Catherine J. Robinson
- Commonwealth Science & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)BrisbaneQLD4102Australia
| | | | - Zsolt Molnár
- Centre for Ecological ResearchInstitute of Ecology and BotanyVácrátót2163Hungary
| | - Oscar Venter
- Natural Resource and Environmental Studies InstituteUniversity of Northern British Columbia3333 University WayPrince GeorgeBCV2N 4Z9Canada
| | - James E. M. Watson
- School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
- Global Conservation ProgramWildlife Conservation Society2300 Southern BoulevardBronxNY10460U.S.A.
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28
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Senekane MF, Makhene A, Oelofse S. Methodology to Investigate Indigenous Solid Waste Systems and Practices in the Rural Areas Surrounding Maseru (Kingdom of Lesotho). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5355. [PMID: 34069834 PMCID: PMC8157393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Solid waste management (SWM) is the greatest challenge facing environmental protection and human wellbeing in the rural communities of Maseru (Kingsom of Lesotho). A lack of formal waste management (WM) systems in rural areas of Maseru have resulted in different indigenous systems and practices of SWM. Direct observation and descriptive designs will be employed. This is a mixed methods study of qualitative, quantitative and, non-experimental. We obtained data sets from existing official census and statistics of Maseru. We sampled 693 participants from total population of 6917. We received ethical clearance from Research Ethics committee of Health Sciences at the University of Johannesburg, we recruited six field workers. We have preventive equipment (sanitizers, masks, and sterile latex gloves) for COVID-19 infections in place; we have specific design on caps, masks and bags that will identify field workers as they collect data. We will train field workers, administer questionnaires, interview, and observe participants. STATKON will analyse data. The research will share the results with the Ministry of Environment and the community in Lesotho. The results will also be used to educate the rural communities on improved WM. Where weaknesses are identified, mitigation measures can be evaluated and implemented to rectify the negative aspects and improve the systems and practices. The rural communities face challenges such as waste collection services and sanitation facilities and this fact points out that there is a gap in SWM, which favours the existence of indigenous systems and practice of SWM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpinane Flory Senekane
- Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Agnes Makhene
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (S.O.)
- SMART Places Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 2000, South Africa
| | - Suzan Oelofse
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (S.O.)
- SMART Places Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 2000, South Africa
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29
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Tengö M, Austin BJ, Danielsen F, Fernández-Llamazares Á. Creating Synergies between Citizen Science and Indigenous and Local Knowledge. Bioscience 2021; 71:503-518. [PMID: 33986633 PMCID: PMC8106996 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Citizen science (CS) is receiving increasing attention as a conduit for Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) in ecosystem stewardship and conservation. Drawing on field experience and scientific literature, we explore the connection between CS and ILK and demonstrate approaches for how CS can generate useful knowledge while at the same time strengthening ILK systems. CS invites laypersons to contribute observations, perspectives, and interpretations feeding into scientific knowledge systems. In contrast, ILK can be understood as knowledge systems in its own right, with practices and institutions to craft legitimate and useful knowledge. Such fundamental differences in how knowledge is generated, interpreted, and applied need to be acknowledged and understood for successful outcomes. Engaging with complementary knowledge systems using a multiple evidence base approach can improve the legitimacy of CS initiatives, strengthen collaborations through ethical and reciprocal relationships with ILK holders, and contribute to better stewardship of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tengö
- Stockholm University and senior advisor, SwedBio, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beau J Austin
- Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Finn Danielsen
- Nordic Foundation for Development and Ecology, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Chalcopyrite/Silver Phosphate Composites with Enhanced Degradation of Rhodamine B under Photo-Fenton Process. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10112300. [PMID: 33233690 PMCID: PMC7699740 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A new composite by coupling chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) with silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) (CuFeS2/Ag3PO4) was proposed by using a cyclic microwave heating method. The prepared composites were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Under optimum conditions and 2.5 W irradiation (wavelength length > 420 nm, power density = 0.38 Wcm−2), 96% of rhodamine B (RhB) was degraded by CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 within a 1 min photo-Fenton reaction, better than the performance of Ag3PO4 (25% degradation within 10 min), CuFeS2 (87.7% degradation within 1 min), and mechanically mixed CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 catalyst. RhB degradation mainly depended on the amount of hydroxyl radicals generated from the Fenton reaction. The degradation mechanism of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 from the photo-Fenton reaction was deduced using a free radical trapping experiment, the chemical reaction of coumarin, and photocurrent and luminescence response. The incorporation of CuFeS2 in Ag3PO4 enhanced the charge separation of Ag3PO4 and reduced Ag3PO4 photocorrosion as the photogenerated electrons on Ag3PO4 were transferred to regenerate Cu2+/Fe3+ ions produced from the Fenton reaction to Cu+/Fe2+ ions, thus simultaneously maintaining the CuFeS2 intact. This demonstrates the synergistic effect on material stability. However, hydroxyl radicals were produced by both the photogenerated holes of Ag3PO4 and the Fenton reaction of CuFeS2 as another synergistic effect in catalysis. Notably, the degradation performance and the reusability of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 were promoted. The practical applications of this new material were demonstrated from the effective performance of CuFeS2/Ag3PO4 composites in degrading various dyestuffs (90–98.9% degradation within 10 min) and dyes in environmental water samples (tap water, river water, pond water, seawater, treated wastewater) through enhanced the Fenton reaction under sunlight irradiation.
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31
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Díaz de León-Martínez L, Ortega-Romero M, Grimaldo-Galeana JM, Barbier O, Vargas-Berrones K, García-Arreola ME, Rodriguez-Aguilar M, Flores-Ramírez R. Assessment of kidney health and exposure to mixture pollutants in the Mexican indigenous population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34557-34566. [PMID: 32557022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The indigenous population is one of the most vulnerable to suffer from contaminated environments. One of the target organs to suffer early deterioration from exposure to toxins is the kidney. The objective of this article was to evaluate biomarkers of exposure to organic and inorganic toxins and biomarkers of early kidney damage in urine from an indigenous Tenek population in Mexico. The biomarkers of exposure were Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Sn, Ba, and Pb evaluated by ICP-MS and hippuric acid for toluene exposure evaluated by UV-coupled with liquid chromatography; the biomarkers of kidney damage were cystatin C (Cys-C), osteopontin (OPN), retinol-binding protein-4 (RPB-4), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Thirty-one urine samples were obtained from indigenous people; 16, 42, 45.1, and 45.2% of the population exceeded the reference values for Pb, Zn, As, and hippuric acid respectively. Our results demonstrate significant correlations between the metals tested and the proteins associated with renal damage; Cys-C, OPN, and RPB4 showed a significant correlation with Li, B, and Mo, as well as hippuric acid in the case of Cys-C and Zn in OPN and RPB-4; NGAL did not present significant correlations with any of the pollutants of the study. This pilot study contributes to the evidence of great inequity in health associated to environmental pollution matters faced by indigenous people and addresses the need of initiatives for mitigation under the perspective that health is a fundamental human right.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Manolo Ortega-Romero
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Moisés Grimaldo-Galeana
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Karla Vargas-Berrones
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - María Elena García-Arreola
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Maribel Rodriguez-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- CONACYT Research Fellow, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
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