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Kersen J, Roach P, Chandarana S, Ronksley P, Sauro K. Exploring transitions in care among patients with head and neck CANCER: a multimethod study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1108. [PMID: 39237932 PMCID: PMC11378503 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancers (HNC) experience many transitions in care (TiC), occurring when patients are transferred between healthcare providers and/or settings. TiC can compromise patient safety, decrease patient satisfaction, and increase healthcare costs. The evidence around TiC among patients with HNC is sparse. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of TiC among patients with HNC to identify ways to improve care. METHODS This multimethod study consisted of two phases: Phase I (retrospective population-based cohort study) characterized the number and type of TiC that patients with HNC experienced using deterministically linked, population-based administrative health data in Alberta, Canada (January 1, 2012, to September 1, 2020), and Phase II (qualitative descriptive study) used semi-structured interviews to explore the lived experiences of patients with HNC and their healthcare providers during TiC. RESULTS There were 3,752 patients with HNC; most were male (70.8%) with a mean age at diagnosis of 63.3 years (SD 13.1). Patients underwent an average of 1.6 (SD 0.7) treatments, commonly transitioning from surgery to radiotherapy (21.2%). Many patients with HNC were admitted to the hospital during the study period, averaging 3.3 (SD 3.0) hospital admissions and 7.8 (SD 12.6) emergency department visits per patient over the study period. Visits to healthcare providers were also frequent, with the highest number of physician visits being to general practitioners (average = 70.51 per patient). Analysis of sixteen semi-structured interviews (ten patients with HNC and six healthcare providers) revealed three themes: (1) Navigating the healthcare system including challenges with the complexity of HNC care amongst healthcare system pressures, (2) Relational head and neck cancer care which encompasses patient expectations and relationships, and (3) System and individual impact of transitions in care. CONCLUSIONS This study identified challenges faced by both patients with HNC and their healthcare providers amidst the frequent TiC within cancer care, which was perceived to have an impact on quality of care. These findings provide crucial insights that can inform and guide future research or the development of health interventions aiming to improve the quality of TiC within this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaling Kersen
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pamela Roach
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shamir Chandarana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Cumming School of Medicine, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Paul Ronksley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Khara Sauro
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Ohlson Research Initiative, Cumming School of Medicine, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Ye P, Liu H, Qin Y, Li Z, Huang Z, Bu X, Peng Q, Duan N, Wang W, Wang X. SS-31 mitigates oxidative stress and restores mitochondrial function in cigarette smoke-damaged oral epithelial cells via PINK1-mediated mitophagy. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 400:111166. [PMID: 39069114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for several oral diseases, including oral cancer, oral leukoplakia and periodontitis, primarily related to reactive oxygen species (ROS). SS-31, a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide, has exhibited demonstrable efficacy in medical conditions by attenuating mitochondrial ROS production. However, its potential in the treatment of oral diseases remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of SS-31 in mitigating smoking-induced oral epithelial injury. Through in vitro experiments, our results indicate that SS-31 plays a protective role against cigarette smoke extract (CSE) by reducing oxidative stress, attenuating inflammatory response, and restoring mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we found that mitophagy, regulated by PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1)/Parkin (Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase), was critical for the protective role of SS-31. Our findings offer valuable insights into SS-31's therapeutic potential in mitigating CSE-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial dysfunction in oral epithelial cells. This study provides novel intervention targets for smoking-related oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ye
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Qin
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuwei Huang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangwen Bu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao Peng
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Duan
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Yang J, Lewis JS, Zi J, Andl T, Lee E, Andl CD, Liu Q, Beauchamp RD, Means AL. Interaction of the tumor suppressor SMAD4 and WNT signaling in progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Pathol 2024; 264:4-16. [PMID: 38922866 PMCID: PMC11300146 DOI: 10.1002/path.6318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
SMAD4 is a tumor suppressor mutated or silenced in multiple cancers, including oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Human clinical samples and cell lines, mouse models and organoid culture were used to investigate the role that SMAD4 plays in progression from benign disease to invasive OSCC. Human OSCC lost detectable SMAD4 protein within tumor epithelium in 24% of cases, and this loss correlated with worse progression-free survival independent of other major clinical and pathological features. A mouse model engineered for KrasG12D expression in the adult oral epithelium induced benign papillomas, however the combination of KrasG12D with loss of epithelial Smad4 expression resulted in rapid development of invasive carcinoma with features of human OSCC. Examination of regulatory pathways in 3D organoid cultures of SMAD4+ and SMAD4- mouse tumors with Kras mutation found that either loss of SMAD4 or inhibition of TGFβ signaling upregulated the WNT pathway and altered the extracellular matrix. The gene signature of the mouse tumor organoids lacking SMAD4 was highly similar to the gene signature of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In summary, this work has uncovered novel mechanisms by which SMAD4 acts as a tumor suppressor in OSCC. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Dept. of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - James S. Lewis
- Dept. of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jinghuan Zi
- Dept. of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Ethan Lee
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Claudia D. Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Qi Liu
- Dept. of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Robert D. Beauchamp
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Dept. of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Anna L. Means
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Dept. of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Dept. of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Santos TPMD, Hicks WL, Magner WJ, Al Afif A, Kirkwood KL. Metabolic and Aging Influence on Anticancer Immunity in Oral Cancer. J Dent Res 2024; 103:953-961. [PMID: 39185914 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241264728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The average age and obesity prevalence are increasing globally. Both aging and metabolic disease burden increase the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through profound effects on the immunological and metabolic characteristics within the OSCC tumor microenvironment. While the mechanisms that link aging and obesity to OSCC remain unclear, there is evidence that the antitumor responses are diminished in both conditions. Remarkably, however, immune checkpoint blockade, a form of cancer immunotherapy, remains intact despite the enhanced immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in the context of either aging or obesity. Herein, we review the current knowledge of how aging and systemic metabolic changes affect antitumor immunity with an emphasis on the role of tumor-associated macrophages that greatly contribute to tumor immunosuppression. Key aspects discussed include the mechanisms of angiogenesis, cytokine release, phagocytosis attenuation, and immune cell recruitment during obesity and aging that create an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment by recruitment and repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Through a deeper appreciation of these mechanisms, the development of novel therapeutic approaches to control OSCC will provide more refined management of the tumor microenvironment in the context of aging and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P M D Santos
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Head & Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - W L Hicks
- Department of Head & Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - W J Magner
- Department of Head & Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - A Al Afif
- Department of Head & Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - K L Kirkwood
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Head & Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Bishayee A, Penn A, Bhandari N, Petrovich R, DeLiberto LK, Burcher JT, Barbalho SM, Nagini S. Dietary plants for oral cancer prevention and therapy: A review of preclinical and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39193857 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a disease with high mortality and rising incidence worldwide. Although fragmentary literature on the anti-oral cancer effects of plant products has been published, a comprehensive analysis is lacking. In this work, a critical and comprehensive evaluation of oral cancer preventative or therapeutic effects of dietary plants was conducted. An exhaustive analysis of available data supports that numerous dietary plants exert anticancer effects, including suppression of cell proliferation, viability, autophagy, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis while promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Plant extracts and products target several cellular mechanisms, such as the reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the promotion of oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane dysfunction by modulation of various signaling pathways. These agents were also found to regulate cellular growth signaling pathways by action on extracellular signal-regulated kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase, inflammation via modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, and nuclear factor-κB p65, and metastasis through influence of cadherins and matrix metalloproteinases. In vivo studies support these findings and demonstrate a decrease in tumor burden, incidence, and hyperplastic and dysplastic changes. Clinical studies also showed decreased oral cancer risk. However, high-quality studies should be conducted to establish the clinical efficacy of these plants. Overall, our study supports the use of dietary plants, especially garlic, green tea, longan, peppermint, purple carrot, saffron, tomato, and turmeric, for oral cancer prevention and intervention. However, further research is required before clinical application of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Amanda Penn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Neha Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Riley Petrovich
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Jack T Burcher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- School of Food and Technology of Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Antoranz A, Navarrete N, Casañas E, Muñoz-Corcuera M. Oral cancer awareness among dental students in a private university setting. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2024; 28:718-723. [PMID: 38385818 DOI: 10.1111/eje.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a great deal of research on the awareness of students and professionals regarding oral cancer. The aim of this study was to find out students' opinions in their final years of dental school training who have clinic time about the importance of correct mucosal examination of the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out and a questionnaire was designed and distributed to fourth- and fifth-year dental students. The questionnaire included demographic aspects of the participants and five closed questions related to the importance given to the exploration of the soft tissues during patient visits, the importance of the university training received, their interest in continuing education on this subject, their role as dentists in early diagnosis and whether they consider themselves prepared to diagnose oral cancer. RESULTS A total of 214 undergraduate dental students participated in the study, 24.3% fourth year and 75.7% fifth year. Moreover, 97.7% of the students considered soft tissue examination to be important or very important, 90.2% of the students surveyed considered the university training received to be important or very important and 66.4% of the students considered that the most qualified professional to diagnose an oral lesion is the dentist. CONCLUSION In this study, most of the students felt that graduate training in oral cancer is important, as well as soft tissue examination. In addition, the majority considered that the professional most indicated to diagnose oral lesions is the dentist. However, a very small percentage felt prepared to diagnose oral cancer themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Antoranz
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Biomedical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Navarrete
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Biomedical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Casañas
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Biomedical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz-Corcuera
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Biomedical Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Krsek A, Baticic L, Sotosek V, Braut T. The Role of Biomarkers in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Towards Precision Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1448. [PMID: 39001338 PMCID: PMC11241541 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents a significant global health challenge, with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) accounting for approximately 90% of all HNC cases. These malignancies, collectively referred to as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), originate from the mucosal epithelium lining the larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity. The primary risk factors associated with HNSCC in economically disadvantaged nations have been chronic alcohol consumption and tobacco use. However, in more affluent countries, the landscape of HNSCC has shifted with the identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV-16, as a major risk factor, especially among nonsmokers. Understanding the evolving risk factors and the distinct biological behaviors of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC is critical for developing targeted treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in this complex and diverse group of cancers. Accurate diagnosis of HPV-positive HNSCC is essential for developing a comprehensive model that integrates the molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment, and clinical outcomes. The aim of this comprehensive review was to summarize the current knowledge and advances in the identification of DNA, RNA, and protein biomarkers in bodily fluids and tissues that have introduced new possibilities for minimally or non-invasive cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and assessment of therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antea Krsek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Lara Baticic
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotosek
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences I, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tamara Braut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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Gümrükçü Z, Karabağ M. Evaluation of Turkish dentists' knowledge about oral cancer and oral mucosal lesions. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:755. [PMID: 38951844 PMCID: PMC11218260 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Oral cancer, including malignancies of the tongue, lips, floor of the mouth, cheek mucosa, gums, palate, and oropharynx, is life-threatening. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for long-term survival. Dentists frequently encounter oral cancers due to the nature of their work. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and experience of dentists in Turkey regarding oral cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 361 participants were included in the study, and survey questions were sent via email. The survey consisted of 16 questions measuring demographic data and knowledge about oral cancerous lesions. Participants were grouped based on their specialization and knowledge level, and differences in responses among groups were examined. RESULTS Only 21.3% of the participants felt they had sufficient knowledge and experience about oral cancerous lesions. Overall, the correct answer rates indicated a moderate level of knowledge and experience. When grouped by specialization, oral surgeons had the highest accuracy in their responses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Dentists are the professional group that most frequently encounters clinically oral cancerous lesions. Therefore, it is critically important for them to be knowledgeable and experienced to reduce morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis. This study evaluated the knowledge status of dentists in Turkey regarding oral cancer and highlighted the need for improved education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Gümrükçü
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mert Karabağ
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey.
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Zheng T, Liu C, Zhou R, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Tan Y, Tan J, Zhu K. CXCL9 mediating the effect of thyroid disorders on oral and oropharyngeal cancer risk: A mediation Mendelian randomization study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024; 125:101836. [PMID: 38508395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The established association between thyroid disorders (TD) and its two main subtypes-hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism-and the incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancer (OCPC) has been substantiated. However, the direct causal relationship and potential intermediary mechanisms linking these conditions have not been clearly defined in prior studies. MATERIAL & METHODS This study employed univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore those relationship. Instrumental variables from genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for TD (n = 218,792), hyperthyroidism (n = 460,499), hypothyroidism (n = 213,990), and OCPC (n = 12,619), along with 41 intermediary inflammatory cytokines (n = 8293), were analyzed. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) method assessed the causal relationships, while summary MR analysis with pQTL datasets from decode and 91 inflammatory cytokines explored the cytokines' roles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OCPC. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis quantified the mediation effect of these cytokines in the TD-OCPC relationship. RESULTS UVMR analysis provided strong evidence for a causal relationship between TD (OR = 1.376, 95 % CI = 1.142-1.656, p = 0.001), hyperthyroidism (OR = 1.319, 95 % CI=1.129-1.541, p = 0.001), hypothyroidism (OR = 1.224, 95 % CI = 1.071-1.400, p = 0.003), and the risk of OCPC. CXCL9 was identified as a significant intermediary in mediating the risk of OCPC from TD and its two subtypes (OR = 1.218, 95 % CI = 1.016-1.461, P = 0.033), suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for OCPC. MVMR analysis further revealed that CXCL9 mediated 7.94 %, 14.4 %, and 18 % of the effects of TD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism on OCPC risk, respectively. DISCUSSION This study not only elucidated the potential causal relationships between TD including its two subtypes and OCPC risk, but also highlighted CXCL9 as a pivotal mediator in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyong Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zibing Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yisi Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keke Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Tangthongkum M, Phisalmongkhon S, Leelasawatsuk P, Supanimitjaroenporn P, Kirtsreesakul V, Tantipisit J. Impact of human papillomavirus status on survival in patients with oral cancer. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2024; 9:e1294. [PMID: 38867852 PMCID: PMC11168070 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the association between the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and overall survival rate in patients with oral cancer. Methods This retrospective cohort study examined HPV status in 454 patients who were diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using the records of patients who underwent an initial treatment for OSCC between 2012 and 2021 at our institution as retrieved from the Cancer Registry database. The survival rates of the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups were assessed and compared, and independent factors associated with survival were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models. Results Of the 454 patients with OSCC included in this study, 73 were excluded for invalid HPV tests. Of the remaining patients, 39 and 342 patients were categorized into HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups, respectively. The prevalence of HPV-positive in the patients with OSCC was 10.2% (95% confidence interval 7.2%-13.2%). The 3-year overall survival rates were 56.2% and 53.9% in the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups, respectively. The 3-year disease-specific survival rates in the HPV-positive and HPV-negative groups were 60.2% and 56.9%, respectively. The survival differences were not statistically significant. HPV-positive status was not a significant predictor of overall survival in the multivariable Cox regression analyses (p = 0.728). Conclusion The prevalence of HPV-positivity among patients with OSCC in the study was 10.2%. No association was found between HPV-positive status and 3-year overall survival in patients with oral cancer. Level of evidence Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manupol Tangthongkum
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
| | - Suwapat Phisalmongkhon
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
| | - Peesit Leelasawatsuk
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
| | - Pasawat Supanimitjaroenporn
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
| | - Virat Kirtsreesakul
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
| | - Jarukit Tantipisit
- Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhlaThailand
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Tran NH, Sais D, Tran N. Advances in human papillomavirus detection and molecular understanding in head and neck cancers: Implications for clinical management. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29746. [PMID: 38884391 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs), primarily head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), are associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), notably HPV16 and HPV18. HPV status guides treatment and predicts outcomes, with distinct molecular pathways in HPV-driven HNSCC influencing survival rates. HNC incidence is rising globally, with regional variations reflecting diverse risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, and HPV infection. Oropharyngeal cancers attributed to HPV have significantly increased, particularly in regions like the United States. The HPV16 genome, characterized by oncoproteins E6 and E7, disrupts crucial cell cycle regulators, including tumor protein p53 (TP53) and retinoblastoma (Rb), contributing to HNSCC pathogenesis. P16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a reliable surrogate marker for HPV16 positivity, while in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, notably reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), offer sensitive HPV detection. Liquid-based RT-qPCR, especially in saliva, shows promise for noninvasive HPV detection, offering simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and patient compliance. These molecular advancements enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide treatment decisions, and improve patient outcomes in HNC management. In conclusion, advances in HPV detection and molecular understanding have significant clinical management implications. Integrating these advancements into routine practice could ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Ha Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Thiagarajan MK, Chandrasekharan D, Mahalingam R, Ravi A. Evaluation of in vitro anti-cancer potential and apoptotic profile of ethanolic plant extract of Wrightia tinctoria against oral cancer cell line. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2024; 28:211-215. [PMID: 39157850 PMCID: PMC11329088 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_32_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background For decades, Wrightia tinctoria (W. tinctoria) has been important in the field of traditional medicine. The identification and isolation of numerous chemically potent and pharmaceutically advantageous phytochemicals isolated from this plant extract has contributed to its resurrection into evidence-based modern medicine. This plant is inexpensive and indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. Materials and Method An in vitro study was carried out using KB (KERATIN-forming tumour cell line HeLa) oral cancer cell line. The control drug doxorubicin along with the test drug W. tinctoria was tested for anti-cancer potential by using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and for apoptotic activity by using DNA fragmentation assay and western blotting assay. Results The study was conducted using MTT assay to determine the cytotoxicity of plant extract against oral cancer cell line by determining the IC50 values at the end of 24 hours by the MTT calorimetric assay. The IC50 value of 48.89 and 9.62 was arrived for the W. tinctoria extract and doxorubicin, respectively, by using MTT calorimetric assay. DNA fragmentation assay showed a ladder pattern when treated with 59 μg/mL extract of W. tinctoria, and western blot analysis revealed the presence of cleaved caspase 3, confirming the apoptotic potential of the extract. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that the plant extract has effective anti-cancer and apoptotic potential and can be used as a natural source for the production of new anti-cancer and cytotoxic agents against oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magesh Karuppur Thiagarajan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Kattankulathur, Dental College and Hospital- SRMIST, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Chandrasekharan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, SRM Kattankulathur, Dental College and Hospital- SRMIST, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Mahalingam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Kattankulathur, Dental College and Hospital- SRMIST, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aravindhan Ravi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Kattankulathur, Dental College and Hospital- SRMIST, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Zheng T, Liu C, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhou R, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Tan Y, Li Z, Huang X, Tan J, Zhu K. Inflammatory cytokines mediating the effect of oral lichen planus on oral cavity cancer risk: a univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:375. [PMID: 38519926 PMCID: PMC10958829 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While observational studies and experimental data suggest a link between oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral cavity cancer (OCC), the causal relationship and the role of inflammatory cytokines remain unclear. METHODS This study employed a univariable and multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between OLP and the risk of OCC. Additionally, the potential role of inflammatory cytokines in modulating this association was explored. Instrumental variables were derived from genetic variants associated with OLP (n = 377,277) identified in Finngen R9 datasets, with 41 inflammatory cytokines as potential mediators, and OCC (n = 4,151) as the outcome variable. Analytical methods including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), Weighted Median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO were utilized to assess the causal links among OLP, inflammatory cytokines, and OCC risk. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was then applied to quantify the mediating effects of these cytokines in the relationship between OLP and increased OCC risk. RESULTS MR analysis provided strong evidence of a causal relationship between OLP (OR = 1.417, 95% CI = 1.167-1.721, p < 0.001) and the risk of OCC. Furthermore, two inflammatory cytokines significantly influenced by OLP, IL-13 (OR = 1.088, 95% CI: 1.007-1.175, P = 0.032) and IL-9 (OR = 1.085, 95% CI: 1.005-1.171, P = 0.037), were identified. Subsequent analysis revealed a significant causal association only between IL-13 (OR = 1.408, 95% CI: 1.147-1.727, P = 0.001) and higher OCC risk, establishing it as a potential mediator. Further, MVMR analysis indicated that IL-13 (OR = 1.437, 95% CI = 1.139-1.815, P = 0.002) mediated the relationship between OLP and OCC, accounting for 8.13% of the mediation. CONCLUSION This study not only elucidates the potential causal relationship between OLP and the risk of OCC but also highlights the pivotal mediating role of IL-13 in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyong Liu
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yetong Wang
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zibing Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yisi Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xufeng Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Keke Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Santos DDO, Costa ARGF, Duarte PVS, Pitorro TEA, Fonseca LC, Cardoso SV, de Faria PR, Loyola AM. Depth of invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Nos2-knockout mice correlated to alterations in systemic inflammatory markers following 4NQO treatment. J Oral Pathol Med 2024; 53:208-216. [PMID: 38418292 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood analysis is a non-invasive and low-cost technique of prognostic value for several diseases, including oral cancer. Considering the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in tumor-associated inflammation, this study purposed to evaluate the influence of this enzyme on peripheral blood parameters and systemic inflammatory biomarkers during murine oral carcinogenesis. METHODS A 50 μg/mL solution of 4-nitroquinoleine-N-oxide was provided to 15 C57BL/6J (Nos2+/+ ) and 16 B6.129P2-Nos2tm1Lau /J (Nos2-/- ) for 16 weeks. Animals were followed for 8 weeks after treatment. Blood samples and tongues were collected for hematological and histopathological analyses. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet cell parameters were analyzed. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the systemic immune-inflammation index were also calculated. The depth of invasion of all carcinomas was measured. RESULTS Differences were found in several blood parameters. The depth of invasion in Nos2-/- was lower than in Nos2+/+ (p = 0.009), and strong correlations were found between depth of invasion and neutrophil count (ρ = -0.68, p = 0.017), lymphocyte count (ρ = 0.72, p = 0.011), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ρ = -0.65, p = 0.025), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (ρ = -0.73, p = 0.013), and systemic immune-inflammation index (ρ = -0.67, p = 0.037) in Nos2-/- mice. CONCLUSION Inducible nitric oxide synthase seems to have an important role in OSCC invasion and progression, which might be associated to alterations in immune-inflammatory cell dynamics evidenced by peripheral blood and systemic inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Victor Silva Duarte
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Júlio de Mesquita Filho São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lúbia Cristina Fonseca
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Vitorino Cardoso
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rogério de Faria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriano Mota Loyola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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15
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Eberly HW, Sciscent BY, Lorenz FJ, Rettig EM, Goyal N. Current and Emerging Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Biomarkers in Head and Neck Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:415. [PMID: 38398017 PMCID: PMC10886579 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a biologically diverse set of cancers that are responsible for over 660,000 new diagnoses each year. Current therapies for HNC require a comprehensive, multimodal approach encompassing resection, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy. With an increased understanding of the mechanisms behind HNC, there has been growing interest in more accurate prognostic indicators of disease, effective post-treatment surveillance, and individualized treatments. This chapter will highlight the commonly used and studied biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hänel W. Eberly
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - Bao Y. Sciscent
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - F. Jeffrey Lorenz
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - Eleni M. Rettig
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Neerav Goyal
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
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16
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Wu X, Sánchez CA, Lloyd JE, Borgard H, Fels S, Paydarfar JA, Halter RJ. Estimating tongue deformation during laryngoscopy using a hybrid FEM-multibody model and intraoperative tracking - a cadaver study. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38193213 PMCID: PMC11231054 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2023.2301672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Throat tumour margin control remains difficult due to the tight, enclosed space of the oral and throat regions and the tissue deformation resulting from placement of retractors and scopes during surgery. Intraoperative imaging can help with better localization but is hindered by non-image-compatible surgical instruments, cost, and unavailability. We propose a novel method of using instrument tracking and FEM-multibody modelling to simulate soft tissue deformation in the intraoperative setting, without requiring intraoperative imaging, to improve surgical guidance accuracy. We report our first empirical study, based on four trials of a cadaveric head specimen with full neck anatomy, yields a mean TLE of 10.8 ± 5.5 mm, demonstrating methodological feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Wu
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, MA General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - C Antonio Sánchez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John E Lloyd
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Heather Borgard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sidney Fels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joseph A Paydarfar
- Section of Otolaryngology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ryan J Halter
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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17
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Buja A, De Luca G, Zorzi M, Bovo E, Mocellin S, Trevisiol C, Bronte V, Guzzinati S, Rugge M. Thirty-two-year trends of cancer incidence by sex and cancer site in the Veneto Region from 1987 to 2019. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1267534. [PMID: 38259775 PMCID: PMC10800396 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1267534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This observational study considers the sex-specific incidence of the most incident cancers as recorded in the population-based Veneto Regional Cancer Registry over a period of more than 30 years (1987-2019). Methods The Veneto Regional Cancer Registry collected data for the time interval 1987-2019. Significant changes in incidence trends calculated on age-standardized incidence rates (Annual Percent Change-APC) were identified by join point regression analysis. Results Overall, the incidence trend for all cancers decreased in males and remained stable in females. In nine cancer sites, the incidence trends showed consistent differences by sex (oral cavity, esophagus, colon rectum and anus, liver, larynx, lung, cutaneous malignant melanoma, bladder, and thyroid gland). Other malignancies did not show significant sex-related differences (stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, kidney/urinary tract, central nervous system, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia). Conclusion In the period 1987-2019, this study revealed sex-related differences in cancer incidence trends. Over time, cancer incidence remained higher in males, with a decreasing epidemiological impact, plausibly resulting from prevention campaigns against environmental cancer risk factors, as tobacco and alcohol. Conversely, a significant decrease was not observed in the incidence trend in females. These findings contribute essential insights for profiling the epidemiological map of cancer in a large Italian population, allowing comparison with other European cancer epidemiology studies and providing updated data supporting sex-related primary and secondary cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Simone Mocellin
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum, and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV – IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology – DISCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Trevisiol
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum, and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV – IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Rugge
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padua, Italy
- Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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18
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Detsyk OZ, Fedoryka NZ, Tsichon ZO, Kovalchuk RY, Karpinets IM. Medical management determinants of the maxillofacial precancerous and benign diseases malignancy. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2024; 52:87-94. [PMID: 38518239 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202401114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: To identify the medical management determinants of the maxillofacial precancerous and benign diseases malignancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: 150 people with maxillofacial cancer and 100 people with precancerous and benign diseases of the same localization were interviewed. RESULTS Results: There were revealed: a low percentage of detection during check-up (10.2-15.8%), more than a third of cases (35.8-37.4%) are diagnosed by chance; not all patients undergo histological verification of the diagnosis (25.7% in cancerous and 43.2% in precancerous and benign diseases); not all are under follow up observation (24.7-27.7%). The risk of precancerous and benign diseases malignancy is the highest at 40-59 years of age (OR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.9-10.5), andalso increases with the duration of the disease for more than 5 years (2.2; 1.2-4.10 ), in patients who didn't undergo histological verification (2.2; 1.3-3.8), don't follow doctors' recommendation on visits and treatment (2.4; 1.4-4.1), don't trust doctors and are dissatisfied with medical care (2.1; 1.3-3.6). The risk groups of the maxillofacial oncological, precancerous and benign diseases are men, who are 1.5 times more likely to suffer from them than women and are characterized by lower medical care activity. The risk factors of the maxillofacial precancerous and benign diseases malignancy are low financial (4.6; 1.7-12.4) and territorial (3.3; 1.1-10.3) accessibility of medical care, including dental care (2.8; 1.6-4.8). CONCLUSION Conclusions: It is necessary to improve the prevention and medical care in order to advance the early detection of maxillofacial cancer, taking into account the established medical management determinants of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oryna Z Detsyk
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | | | - Zoya O Tsichon
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | | | - Ihor M Karpinets
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
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Cui M, Cheng J, Cheng H, Zhao M, Zhou D, Zhang M, Jia J, Luo L. Characteristics of human papillomavirus infection among oropharyngeal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105830. [PMID: 37924712 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC), in order to provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention, treatment, and management of OPC. METHODS The electronic databases were searched available publications relevant to HPV infection and OPC. Studies were collected until July, 2023. The effect sizes were combined using R 4.2.2 software. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias. RESULTS Seventy-one studies were included with 10,908 OPC patients. The pooled prevalence of HPV and HR-HPV infection was 44.22% and 43.94%, respectively. The genotypes of HR-HPV were HPV16 (37.24%), HPV33 (2.44%), HPV18 (1.64%), HPV35 (1.53%), and HPV58 (0.89%). The highest HPV infection was in North America (66.87%), Oceania (43.09%), and Europe (41.49%), lowest in Africa (4.89%). Females exhibited higher HPV infection (43.18% vs 34.59% in males). Top subsites of HPV infection was tonsil (45.78%), followed by base of tongue (36.66%). Infection was higher in OPC patients aged > 60 (38.15%) than < 60 (34.73%). The prevalence of HPV infection in stage I-II of OPC patients is higher than that in stage III-IV. CONCLUSIONS HPV genotyping (16, 18, 33, 35, 58) is a key factor in the prevention and treatment of OPC. Identifying tonsils, base of tongue, and soft palate as common subsites to improve early detection. Elderly women with high HPV infection require attention to risk management and health education for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Cui
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinling Cheng
- Digestive Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Huijuan Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China; Department of Basic medicine, Jiamusi University, China
| | - Limei Luo
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
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Kanmodi KK, Salami AA, Gbadamosi AA, Nwafor JN, Amoo BA, Adisa AO, Aladelusi TO, Almu B, Amzat J, Braimah RO, Ogbeide ME, Okwuosa CU. Strategies adopted by oral physicians, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and oral pathologists in patient education on oral cancer: A Nigerian study. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1929. [PMID: 37884691 PMCID: PMC10809197 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of oral cancer in Nigeria is increasing. Different studies have shown how public education on oral cancer have increased knowledge of oral cancer across populations, however, it is not known if these practices are adopted by oral physicians, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and oral pathologists in Nigeria. AIMS To investigate the patient oral cancer education strategies adopted by oral physicians, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and oral pathologists in Nigeria. METHODS This study adopted an analytical cross-sectional study design. This study surveyed practicing oral physicians, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and oral pathologists in Nigeria. An e-questionnaire was used for this study. The data were analyzed using the SPSS Version 20 software, and a p-value of <.05 was used to determine the level of statistical significance. RESULTS The study's response rate was 46.6% (75/161). The 75 participants were from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria responded to the survey questionnaire. Even though more than half (43/75, 57.3%) of the respondents have never received any training since their post-bachelor's degree qualification on the strategies that can be used in educating patients on oral cancer, majority (54/75, 72.0%) of them knew at least one education strategy; also, the most known (36/54, 66.7%) and utilized (33/54, 61.3%) strategy among those respondents who were aware of patient education strategy was health talk. Only 38.7% (29/75) of the respondents reported that health learning materials (posters, leaflets, fliers, and flipcharts) are available in their clinics, all of which were in insufficient quantities. Also, 93.3% (70/75) of the respondents opined that it is worthwhile that dental clinics/hospitals in Nigeria invest in the provision of oral cancer learning materials for patient use. Inferential statistical analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between the respondents' characteristics and their awareness and practice on patient oral cancer education strategies. CONCLUSION This study identified that many oral physicians, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and oral pathologists in Nigeria lack the needed capacity to educate their patients on oral cancer. There is a need to strengthen their capacity by giving them training on patient oral cancer education strategies, and by providing them with good quality and enough teaching aids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde K. Kanmodi
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- Campaign for Head and Neck Cancer Education (CHANCE) Programme, Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- School of DentistryUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda
- School of Health and Life SciencesTeesside UniversityMiddlesbroughUK
| | - Afeez A. Salami
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
- Campaign for Head and Neck Cancer Education (CHANCE) Programme, Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
| | - Adam A. Gbadamosi
- Campaign for Head and Neck Cancer Education (CHANCE) Programme, Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- Department of Dental SurgeryFederal Medical CentreBidaNigeria
| | - Jacob N. Nwafor
- Campaign for Head and Neck Cancer Education (CHANCE) Programme, Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- Division of MedicineNottingham University Hospital NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Babatunde A. Amoo
- Campaign for Head and Neck Cancer Education (CHANCE) Programme, Cephas Health Research Initiative IncIbadanNigeria
- African Field Epidemiology NetworkAbujaNigeria
| | - Akinyele O. Adisa
- Department of Oral Pathology/Oral MedicineUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
- Department of Oral Pathology/Oral MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | - Timothy O. Aladelusi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity College HospitalIbadanNigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | - Bello Almu
- Department of SociologyUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
| | - Jimoh Amzat
- Department of SociologyUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
- Department of SociologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Ramat O. Braimah
- Faculty of Dental SciencesUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial SurgeryUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
| | - Mike E. Ogbeide
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial SurgeryUsmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokotoNigeria
| | - Chukwubuzor U. Okwuosa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Teaching HospitalItuku‐OzallaNigeria
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21
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Gil-Martín E, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Egea J, Romero A. Potential of melatonin to reverse epigenetic aberrations in oral cancer: new findings. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1280-1310. [PMID: 38234969 PMCID: PMC10792176 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
It is now an accepted principle that epigenetic alterations cause cellular dyshomeostasis and functional changes, both of which are essential for the initiation and completion of the tumor cycle. Oral carcinogenesis is no exception in this regard, as most of the tumors in the different subsites of the oral cavity arise from the cross-reaction between (epi)genetic inheritance and the huge challenge of environmental stressors. Currently, the biochemical machinery is put at the service of the tumor program, halting the cell cycle, triggering uncontrolled proliferation, driving angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, until the archetypes of the tumor phenotype are reached. Melatonin has the ability to dynamically affect the epigenetic code. It has become accepted that melatonin can reverse (epi)genetic aberrations present in oral and other cancers, suggesting the possibility of enhancing the oncostatic capacity of standard multimodal treatments by incorporating this indolamine as an adjuvant. First steps in this direction confirm the potential of melatonin as a countermeasure to mitigate the detrimental side effects of conventional first-line radiochemotherapy. This single effect could produce synergies of extraordinary clinical importance, allowing doses to be increased and treatments not to be interrupted, ultimately improving patients' quality of life and prognosis. Motivated by the urgency of improving the medical management of oral cancer, many authors advocate moving from in vitro and preclinical research, where the bulk of melatonin cancer research is concentrated, to systematic randomized clinical trials on large cohorts. Recognizing the challenge to improve the clinical management of cancer, our motivation is to encourage comprehensive and robust research to reveal the clinical potential of melatonin in oral cancer control. To improve the outcome and quality of life of patients with oral cancer, here we provide the latest evidence of the oncolytic activity that melatonin can achieve by manipulating epigenetic patterns in oronasopharyngeal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Gil-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela University of Madrid (UCJC), 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Yamamoto Y, Kamiya T, Yano M, Huyen VT, Oishi M, Nishio M, Suzuki A, Sunami K, Ohtani N. Oral Microbial Profile Analysis in Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Reveals That Tumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Oral Cancer Progression by Activating YAP. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2957. [PMID: 38138101 PMCID: PMC10746018 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of oral cancer has recently been increasing worldwide, particularly among young individuals and women. The primary risk factors for head and neck cancers, including oral and pharyngeal cancers, are smoking, alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene, and repeated exposure to mechanical stimuli. However, approximately one-third of the patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers are neither smokers nor drinkers, which points to the existence of other mechanisms. Recently, human microbes have been linked to various diseases, including cancer. Oral pathogens, especially periodontal pathobionts, are reported to play a role in the development of colon and other types of cancer. In this study, we employed a series of bioinformatics analyses to pinpoint Fusobacterium nucleatum as the predominant oral bacterial species in oral and pharyngeal cancer tissue samples. We successfully isolated Fn. polymorphum from the saliva of patients with oral cancer and demonstrated that Fn. polymorphum indeed promoted oral squamous cell carcinoma development by activating YAP in a mouse tongue cancer model. Our research offers scientific evidence for the role of the oral microbiome in oral cancer progression and provides insights that would help in devising preventative strategies against oral cancer, potentially by altering oral bacterial profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kamiya
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Megumu Yano
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Vu Thuong Huyen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Oishi
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kishiko Sunami
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Naoko Ohtani
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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23
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Nikkilä R, Tolonen S, Salo T, Carpén T, Pukkala E, Mäkitie A. Occupational Etiology of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7020. [PMID: 37947576 PMCID: PMC10647348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20217020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
While abundant evidence exists linking alcohol, tobacco, and HPV infection to a carcinogenic impact on the oropharynx, the contribution of inhalational workplace hazards remains ill-defined. We aim to determine whether the literature reveals occupational environments at a higher-than-average risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and summarize the available data. To identify studies assessing the relationship between occupational exposure and risk of OPC, a search of the literature through the PubMed-NCBI database was carried out and, ultimately, 15 original articles meeting eligibility criteria were selected. Only original articles in English focusing on the association between occupational exposure and risk or death of specifically OPC were included. The available data are supportive of a potentially increased risk of OPC in waiters, cooks and stewards, artistic workers, poultry and meat workers, mechanics, and World Trade Center responders exposed to dust. However, the available literature on occupation-related OPC is limited. To identify occupational categories at risk, large cohorts with long follow-ups are needed. Identification of causal associations with occupation-related factors would require dose-response analyses adequately adjusted for confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Nikkilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, FI-00139 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Tolonen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Carpén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, FI-00139 Helsinki, Finland
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Arnold L, Gomez JP, Barry M, Yap M, Jackson L, Ly T, Standing D, Padhye SB, Biersack B, Anant S, Thomas SM. Acryl-3,5-bis(2,4-difluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone targeting cellular JUN proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit inhibits head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:1104-1121. [PMID: 38023989 PMCID: PMC10651473 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide with a survival rate below fifty percent. Addressing meager therapeutic options, a series of small molecule inhibitors were screened for antitumor efficacy. The most potent analog, acryl-3,5-bis(2,4-difluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone (DiFiD; A-DiFiD), demonstrated strong cellular JUN proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (JUN, c-Jun) antagonism. c-Jun, an oncogenic transcription factor, promotes cancer progression, invasion, and adhesion; high (JUN) mRNA expression correlates with poorer HNSCC survival. Methods Four new small molecules were generated for cytotoxicity screening in HNSCC cell lines. A-DiFiD-treated HNSCC cells were assessed for cytotoxicity, colony formation, invasion, migration, and adhesion. Dot blot array was used to identify targets. Phospho-c-Jun (p-c-Jun) expression was analyzed using immunoblotting. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) head and neck cancer datasets were utilized to determine overall patient survival. The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) datasets interfaced with University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Data Analysis Portal (UALCAN) were analyzed to determine protein levels of c-Jun in HNSCC patients and correlate levels with patient. Results Of the small molecules tested, A-DiFiD was the most potent in HNSCC lines, while demonstrating low half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) in non-malignant Het-1A cells. Additionally, A-DiFiD abrogated cell invasion, migration, and colony formation. Phospho-kinase in vitro array demonstrated A-DiFiD reduced p-c-Jun. Likewise, a time dependent reduction in p-c-Jun was observed starting at 3 min post A-DiFiD treatment. TCGA Firehose Legacy vs. recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer reveal a nearly 3% DNA amplification in recurrent/metastatic tumor compared to below 1% in primary tumors that had no lymph node metastasis. CPTAC analysis show higher tumor c-Jun levels compared to normal. Patients with high JUN expression had significantly reduced 3-year survival. Conclusions A-DiFiD targets c-Jun, a clinical HNSCC driver, with potent anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Arnold
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Juan Pineda Gomez
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Michael Barry
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Marrion Yap
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Laura Jackson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Thuc Ly
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - David Standing
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Subhash B. Padhye
- Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Research Academy, University of Pune, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
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25
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Yiu CY, Liu CC, Wu JY, Tsai WW, Liu PH, Cheng WJ, Chen JY, Hung KC. Efficacy of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for Predicting Overall Survival in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4348. [PMID: 37892423 PMCID: PMC10610298 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis, necessitating the identification of prognostic biomarkers to guide management. The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), calculated from serum albumin and body weight, may predict survival in patients with HNC. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify this relationship. Databases were searched for studies examining the association between pretreatment GNRI and overall survival in patients with HNC. Ten studies with 2793 patients were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that low GNRI was associated with significantly worse overall survival compared to high GNRI (hazard ratio [HR]:2.84, 95% CI 2.07-3.91, p < 0.00001). Older age (HR:1.73; 95% CI, 1.35-2.22; p < 0.0001), male sex (HR:1.7; 95% CI, 1.12-2.6; p = 0.01), advanced tumor stage (HR: 2.5; 95% CI, 1.72-3.63; p < 0.00001), and higher T-/N-stage (HR = 1.69 and 1.98, respectively) were also predictive of unfavorable outcomes. The GNRI had the highest HR, suggesting potent predictive ability. Despite limitations, including retrospective design and potential publication bias, our study indicates that low pretreatment GNRI predicts poor overall survival in patients with HNC. The GNRI is an inexpensive, routinely available biomarker that could improve prognostication and guide management decisions. Additional research is warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Yiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City 73657, Taiwan
- Department of Dental Laboratory Technology, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Liouying, Tainan City 73658, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 71004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 71004, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jung Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City 73657, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 71004, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City 804201, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 71004, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City 804201, Taiwan
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26
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Antasouras G, Papadopoulou SK, Tolia M, Pandi AL, Spanoudaki M, Tsoukalas N, Tsourouflis G, Psara E, Mentzelou M, Giaginis C. May Nutritional Status Positively Affect Disease Progression and Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal and Pharyngeal Cancers? A Scoping Review of the Current Clinical Studies. Med Sci (Basel) 2023; 11:64. [PMID: 37873749 PMCID: PMC10594480 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11040064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition in esophageal and pharyngeal cancer patients constitutes a common and serious concern, which significantly reduces patients' prognoses. Cancers of the esophagus and the pharynx can considerably impair feeding in patients, resulting in severe undernutrition. This is a scoping review that intends to critically analyze the most well-designed clinical studies investigating the potential beneficial impact of diverse nutritional assessment tools on the prognosis of patients with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. METHODS The most accurate and remarkable scientific databases were comprehensively explored utilizing relative keywords to detect clinical studies that investigate whether nutritional status may affect disease prognosis. RESULTS Several assessment tools have evaluated and highlighted the potential beneficial impact of nutritional status on disease progression and patients' prognosis in both esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Regarding esophageal cancer, CONUT, PNI, PG-SGA, and NRS-2002 are more commonly used, while albumin is also frequently evaluated. Regarding pharyngeal cancers, fewer studies are currently available. PNI has been evaluated, and its significance as a factor for shorter survival' times has been highlighted. The Comprehensive Nutritional Index has also been evaluated with positive results, as well as NRS 2002, GPS, and body-weight status. However, there is currently a lack of studies with an adequate number of women with cancer. An international literature gap was identified concerning follow-up studies with adequate methodology. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional status may significantly affect disease progression and patients' survival, highlighting the significance of a great nutritional status in individuals with esophageal and pharyngeal cancers. Further large-scale and well-designed prospective surveys should be performed to verify the potential beneficial effects of adequate nourishment in people suffering from cancer of the esophagus and pharynx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (G.A.); (A.-L.P.); (E.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Tolia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Aimilia-Lynn Pandi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (G.A.); (A.-L.P.); (E.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Tsoukalas
- Department of Oncology, 401 General Army Hospital of Athens (401 Geniko Stratiotiko Nosokomeio Athenon), 11525 Athens, Greece;
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (G.A.); (A.-L.P.); (E.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (G.A.); (A.-L.P.); (E.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (G.A.); (A.-L.P.); (E.P.); (M.M.)
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27
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Scott SE, Bruj G, Beheshti S, Evans R, Awojobi O. Talking about cancer: Patient responses to raising awareness of oral cancer in primary dental care. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:887-895. [PMID: 35964230 PMCID: PMC10946823 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dentists and other members of the dental team could raise awareness by talking about oral cancer during routine dental check-ups. A communication guide has been developed to facilitate this. However, it has been suggested that discussions about oral cancer may raise patients' anxiety and this has been documented by dentists as a barrier to having these conversations. The current research aimed to investigate implementation of the communication guide and its impact on the dental patient. METHODS A consecutive-case sample of adult dental patients attending primary dental care for a routine NHS check-up at one dental practice were invited to take part in the study via letter prior to their appointment. Consultations of participating patients (n = 77) were audio-recorded. Before and after their appointment, patients were asked to rate their current anxiety via the six-item version of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Audio recordings of each consultation were reviewed by two raters to determine the extent to which the dentist covered the topics recommended in the communication guide. RESULTS The dentist informed all patients that they were being checked for oral cancer, spoke about signs and symptoms, and discussed risk factors. However, they rarely recommended where help should be sought or addressed barriers to seeking help. Discussions took an average of 95 s. The extent to which oral cancer was discussed did not correlate with patients' post-appointment anxiety. Patients made positive or neutral responses to the discussions. The few questions that were asked were easily addressed. CONCLUSIONS As findings are based on one dentist working at one practice, generalization of these results should be cautious. The study indicated that using an evidence-based guide to talk about oral cancer did not appear to raise patients' anxiety in this practice population. This could help to increase awareness of oral cancer in the endeavour to facilitate early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E. Scott
- Wolfson Institute of Population HealthQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Ruth Evans
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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28
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Banavar G, Ogundijo O, Julian C, Toma R, Camacho F, Torres PJ, Hu L, Chandra T, Piscitello A, Kenny L, Vasani S, Batstone M, Dimitrova N, Vuyisich M, Amar S, Punyadeera C. Detecting salivary host and microbiome RNA signature for aiding diagnosis of oral and throat cancer. Oral Oncol 2023; 145:106480. [PMID: 37454545 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) can go undetected resulting in late detection and poor outcomes. We describe the development and validation of CancerDetect for Oral & Throat cancer™ (CDOT), to detect markers of OSCC and/or OPSCC within a high-risk population. MATERIAL AND METHODS We collected saliva samples from 1,175 individuals who were 50 years or older, or adults with a tobacco use history. 945 of those were used to train a classifier using machine learning methods, resulting in a salivary microbial and human metatranscriptomic signature. The classifier was then independently validated on the 230 remaining samples prospectively collected and unseen by the classifier, consisting of 20 OSCC (all stages), 76 OPSCC (all stages), and 134 negatives (including 14 pre-malignant). RESULTS On the validation cohort, the specificity of the CDOT test was 94 %, sensitivity was 90 % for participants with OSCC, and 84.2 % for participants with OPSCC. Similar classification results were observed among people in early stage (stages I & II) vs late stage (stages III & IV). CONCLUSIONS CDOT is a non-invasive test that can be easily administered in dentist offices, primary care centres and specialised cancer clinics for early detection of OPSCC and OSCC. This test, having received FDA's breakthrough designation for accelerated review, has the potential to enable early diagnosis, saving lives and significantly reducing healthcare expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guruduth Banavar
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Oyetunji Ogundijo
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cristina Julian
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan Toma
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Francine Camacho
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pedro J Torres
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lan Hu
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Liz Kenny
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and The School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarju Vasani
- Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin Batstone
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Momchilo Vuyisich
- Viome Research Institute, Viome Life Sciences Inc, New York City, NY, and Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- The Saliva and Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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Andreassen R, Hadler-Olsen E. Eating and speech problems in oral and pharyngeal cancer survivors - Associations with treatment-related side-effects and time since diagnosis. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2023; 43:561-571. [PMID: 36257925 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this cross-sectional study was to find factors associated with problems with the ability to eat and speak in oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors and to evaluate if the panorama of oral problems varied with time since diagnosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A questionnaire assessing cancer diagnosis and treatment, oral health-related quality of life, and presence of treatment-related side-effects was sent to members of the Norwegian Head and Neck Cancer Association. Three-quarters (n = 117) of the respondents experienced xerostomia, and 51% (n = 79) had dysphagia. Prevalence of dysphagia, trismus, and dysphonia was lowest among respondents diagnosed within the last 5-10 years prior to the study. Eating problems were reported by 75% (n = 121) of the OPC survivors and were associated with xerostomia, dysphagia, trismus, having removed part of the tongue, cancer diagnosis within 5 years prior to the study and having little problems with caries and tooth fracture. Speaking problems were experienced by 60% (n = 93) of the OPC survivors, and were associated with dysphonia, dysphagia, and trismus. CONCLUSION Our study shows a high prevalence of oral problems among OPC survivors and points to targets for interventions for eating and speech impairments that may improve oral health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Andreassen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Elin Hadler-Olsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Norway
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
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Huang J, Chan SC, Ko S, Lok V, Zhang L, Lin X, Lucero‐Prisno DE, Xu W, Zheng Z, Elcarte E, Withers M, Wong MCS. Disease burden, risk factors, and trends of lip, oral cavity, pharyngeal cancers: A global analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18153-18164. [PMID: 37519070 PMCID: PMC10524054 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lip, oral and pharyngeal cancers make up a small percentage of total cancer cases worldwide and have reported lower rates of cancer-related deaths globally in 2020, but their 5-year survival rate in either early or advanced stages is different. The study evaluated the global incidence, mortality, risk factors, and temporal trends by age, gender, and geographical locations of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancer. METHODS Incidence and mortality rates were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5) volumes I-XI, the Nordic Cancer Registries (NORDCAN), the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, and the WHO IARC mortality database. Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the Average Annual Percentage Change to examine trends. RESULTS The highest incidence rates were found in Melanesia and South-Central Asia and mortality rates were 8.2 and 7.5. Risk factors associated with incidence and mortality included HDI, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, poor diet, and chronic health conditions such as hypertension. Increasing trends of incidence and mortality were observed in females from Malta; males aged 50 and above from the United Kingdom, and females aged 50 and above from Slovakia reporting the largest increase. CONCLUSIONS Although global incidence and mortality trends reported an overall decrease, significant increases were found for older age groups and female subjects. Incidence increase may be due to the growing prevalence of lifestyle, metabolic risk factors, and HPV infections, especially in developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Faculty of MedicineThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- Faculty of MedicineThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
| | - Samantha Ko
- Faculty of MedicineThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
| | - Veeleah Lok
- Department of Global Public HealthKarolinska Institute, Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Lin Zhang
- Suzhou Industrial Park Monash Research Institute of Science and TechnologySuzhouChina
- The School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityVictoriaAustralia
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Don E. Lucero‐Prisno
- Department of Global Health and DevelopmentLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - Wanghong Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi‐Jie Zheng
- Department of Global HealthSchool of Public Health, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Mellissa Withers
- Department of Population and Health SciencesInstitute for Global Health, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Faculty of MedicineThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina
- Department of Global HealthSchool of Public Health, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
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Higashi Y, Nakamura K, Takaoka R, Tani M, Noma Y, Mori K, Yamashiro K, Yokoyama S, Hamada T, Sugiura T. Identification of Neck Lymph Node Metastasis-Specific microRNA-Implication for Use in Monitoring or Prediction of Neck Lymph Node Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3769. [PMID: 37568586 PMCID: PMC10417354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted attention as non-invasive cancer biomarkers in various cancers; however, they have not been adequately investigated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study investigated the diagnostic performance of serum-derived miRNAs at initial diagnosis for primary neck lymph node metastasis and the predictive performance for late neck lymph node metastasis based on long-term (up to approximately 8 years) follow-up of patients with OSCC. The expression of miRNAs in 40 patients with OSCC was quantified using real-time PCR (qPCR), and a comprehensive statistical analysis of the correlation of miRNA expression for primary and late neck lymph node metastases was performed. For the diagnosis of primary neck lymph node metastases, miR-423 and miR-125 were accurate. The miRNA index for primary metastasis diagnosis (miR-PM) calculated by regression analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy. The miR-5100 was useful for predicting late neck lymph node metastases. The miRNA index for late metastasis prediction (miR-LM) calculated using regression analysis showed high prediction accuracy. MiRNAs were useful for diagnosing primary neck lymph node metastases in OSCC and predicting late neck lymph node metastases. It may help to consider individualized treatment, including follow-up, surgical methods, and postoperative management.
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Grants
- 18H03006(to Tsuyoshi Sugiura), 21H03143(to Tsuyoshi Sugiura),19K10362 (to Tomofumi Hamada), and 17K17280 (to Kodai Nakamura) Grants-in-Aid 18H03006(to Tsuyoshi Sugiura), 21H03143(to Tsuyoshi Sugiura),19K10362 (to Tomofumi Hamada), and 17K17280 (to Kodai Nakamura) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Higashi
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology and Surgical Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kodai Nakamura
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Ryota Takaoka
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Mika Tani
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yusaku Noma
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kazuki Mori
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kota Yamashiro
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
| | - Seiya Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Tomofumi Hamada
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Hakuaikai Medical Cooperation Sagara Hospital, Kagoshima 892-0833, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sugiura
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.N.); (R.T.); (M.T.); (Y.N.); (K.M.); (K.Y.)
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology and Surgical Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Kabzinski J, Kucharska-Lusina A, Majsterek I. RNA-Based Liquid Biopsy in Head and Neck Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1916. [PMID: 37508579 PMCID: PMC10377854 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent and diverse group of malignancies with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Early detection and monitoring of HNC are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Liquid biopsy, a non-invasive diagnostic approach, has emerged as a promising tool for cancer detection and monitoring. In this article, we review the application of RNA-based liquid biopsy in HNC. Various types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), are explored as potential biomarkers in HNC liquid-based diagnostics. The roles of RNAs in HNC diagnosis, metastasis, tumor resistance to radio and chemotherapy, and overall prognosis are discussed. RNA-based liquid biopsy holds great promise for the early detection, prognosis, and personalized treatment of HNC. Further research and validation are necessary to translate these findings into clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Kabzinski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, MolecoLAB A6, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kucharska-Lusina
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, MolecoLAB A6, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Majsterek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, MolecoLAB A6, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Dhanapriyanka M, Rdfc K, Jayasekara P. Effectiveness of health promotion intervention on the knowledge and selected practices related with oral cancer among a group of vulnerable youth in Sri Lanka. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1355. [PMID: 37452326 PMCID: PMC10349418 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a noticeable trend of younger people being diagnosed with oral cancer, particularly among those from low socio-economic backgrounds. Poor knowledge on risk factors toward oral cancer and the growing fashion of using tobacco also identified among younger generation. Present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a health promotion intervention to improve the knowledge and encourage positive practices associated with oral cancer among a group of vulnerable youth in Sri Lanka. METHODS The study was a community based quasi experimental study, conducted in urban slums in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sample size for one group was 120 youth participants aged between 15 and 24 years. Health promotion intervention was implemented to the intervention group and follow up period was 6 months. The control group did not receive the intervention. Awareness of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders, tobacco chewing practice (betel quid chewing and commercially prepared tobacco and areca nut packet (CPTAP) chewing) and self-mouth examination practice were assessed at the beginning and after 6 months in both groups using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Changes in the knowledge, self-mouth examination practice, quit rate and fresh up take rate were computed to determine the effectiveness. RESULTS There was no loss to follow up. No significant difference was observed between the groups in pre intervention assessment regarding the knowledge, tobacco chewing and self-mouth examination practices. Knowledge score was significantly differed between the groups P = 0.000 in the post intervention assessment as well as among females P = 0.001. Quit rate of the tobacco chewing practice, betel chewing practice and CPTAP chewing practice among intervention group was 33%, 70%, and 13% respectively while control group did not have any quitters, P = 0.001. Fresh up take rate of tobacco chewing in the intervention group was 6.7% compared to the 37.5% in the control group, P = 0.001. Practicing self-mouth examination was significantly higher in intervention group in post intervention assessment, P = 0.000. CONCLUSION Multicomponent health promotion intervention (Advocacy, Interactive discussions, IEC materials and Community mobilization) was significantly effective in enhancing the knowledge, increasing self-mouth examination practice, and reducing tobacco chewing practice among a vulnerable group of youth in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manori Dhanapriyanka
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Ministry of Health Sri Lanka, No. 215 U/7, Anderson Flats, Park road, Colombo 05, Sri Lanka.
| | - Kanthi Rdfc
- Ministry of Health Sri Lanka, No. 215 U/7, Anderson Flats, Park road, Colombo 05, Sri Lanka
| | - Prasanna Jayasekara
- Ministry of Health Sri Lanka, No. 215 U/7, Anderson Flats, Park road, Colombo 05, Sri Lanka
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Barsouk A, Aluru JS, Rawla P, Saginala K, Barsouk A. Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci (Basel) 2023; 11:42. [PMID: 37367741 DOI: 10.3390/medsci11020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a group of malignancies, involving the oral cavity, pharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, nasal cavity, and salivary glands, that together compose the seventh most common cancer diagnosis worldwide. With 890,000 new cases and 450,000 deaths annually per GLOBOCAN estimates, HNSCC accounts for roughly 4.5% of cancer diagnoses and deaths. In the developing world, the incidence of HNSCC is growing with increasing consumption of tobacco (smoked or chewed), alcohol, and areca nut (betel quid). Alcohol and tobacco have a synergistic effect, with the heavy consumption of both increasing HNSCC risk 40-fold. In developed nations, HPV-related HNSCC surpasses tobacco- and alcohol-related disease. HPV-related HNSCC more commonly affects the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx than the oral cavity, and is associated with a significantly longer median survival (130 months vs. 20 months). Discrepancies in etiology as well as disparities in lifestyle choices and access to healthcare may account for the greater incidence and poorer survival of HNSCC among minority and lower-socioeconomic-status communities in developed nations. Pharmacotherapy and counseling together have been shown to be effective in promoting smoking and alcohol cessation. Education on cancer risk and community engagement have reduced areca nut consumption in Asia as well as in diaspora communities. HPV vaccination, starting at age 11-12 for both sexes, has been shown to reduce the prevalence of high-risk HPV serologies and prevent pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. As of 2020, 58.6% of eligible adolescents in the US have received the full two-vaccine series. Increased adoption of vaccination, education on safe sex practices, and routine visual oral screening for high-risk patients would curb growing HNSCC incidence in developed nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Barsouk
- Internal Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Kalyan Saginala
- Plains Regional Medical Group Internal Medicine, Clovis, NM 88101, USA
| | - Alexander Barsouk
- Hematologist-Oncologist, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
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Boscolo-Rizzo P, Polesel J, Del Mistro A, Fratta E, Lazzarin C, Menegaldo A, Lupato V, Fanetti G, Zanconati F, Guido M, Giacomarra V, Emanuelli E, Tofanelli M, Tirelli G. Rising Trend in the Prevalence of HPV-Driven Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma during 2000-2022 in Northeastern Italy: Implication for Using p16 INK4a as a Surrogate Marker for HPV-Driven Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092643. [PMID: 37174107 PMCID: PMC10177129 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence and incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are increasing worldwide, being higher in high-income countries. However, data from Italy are scanty. p16INK4a overexpression is the standard in determining HPV-driven carcinogenesis, but disease prevalence impacts on its positive predictive value. METHODS This is a multicenter retrospective study enrolling 390 consecutive patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with pathologically confirmed OPSCC in Northeastern Italy between 2000 and 2022. High-risk HPV-DNA and p16INK4a status were retrieved from medical records or evaluated in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. A tumor was defined as HPV-driven when double positive for high-risk HPV-DNA and p16INK4a overexpression. RESULTS Overall, 125 cases (32%) were HPV-driven, with a significant upward temporal trend from 12% in 2000-2006 to 50% in 2019-2022. The prevalence of HPV-driven cancer of the tonsil and base of the tongue increased up to 59%, whereas it remained below 10% in other subsites. Consequently, the p16INK4a positive predictive value was 89% for the former and 29% for the latter. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of HPV-driven OPSCC continued to increase, even in the most recent period. When using p16INK4a overexpression as a surrogate marker of transforming HPV infection, each institution should consider the subsite-specific prevalence rates of HPV-driven OPSCC as these significantly impact on its positive predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Annarosa Del Mistro
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fratta
- Unit of Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Chiara Lazzarin
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Menegaldo
- Unit of Otolaryngology, AULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Piazzale dell'Ospedale 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Valentina Lupato
- Unit of Otolaryngology, General Hospital "S. Maria degli Angeli", Via Montereale 24, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Pathology, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittorio Giacomarra
- Unit of Otolaryngology, General Hospital "S. Maria degli Angeli", Via Montereale 24, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Enzo Emanuelli
- Unit of Otolaryngology, AULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Piazzale dell'Ospedale 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Margherita Tofanelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Tirelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Yang TH, Xirasagar S, Cheng YF, Chen CS, Chang WP, Lin HC. Trends in the incidence of head and neck cancer: A nationwide population-based study. Oral Oncol 2023; 140:106391. [PMID: 37030023 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to demonstrate the temporal trend in incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with a HNC were retrieved from the Taiwan's Health Insurance Database. We identified 16,894 patients aged ≥20 years who had received a first-time diagnosis of cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, sinonasal, salivary gland or thyroid gland between 2010 and 2018. We calculated the annual incidence rate per 100,000 population, overall, and classified by gender and cancer type. We also used the annual percent change (APC) to characterize trends in head and neck cancer rates over time. RESULTS The incidence rate showed a gradual decline during this period from 2010 to 2018 with an APC of -2.81% (p < 0.001). Within gender groups, the decline was not statistically significant among females (APC = -1.69, 95% CI = -3.58 ∼ 0.23, p = 0.080). Within cancer types, strikingly high magnitude and statistically significant declines were observed in respect of cancer of the nasopharynx (APC = -7.89%, 95% CI = -9.43%∼-6.31%, p < 0.001), sinonasal cancer (APC = -10.08%, 95% CI = -16.66%∼-2.99%, p = 0.012) and oropharyneal cancer (APC = -9.47%, 95% CI = -15.15%∼-3.42%, p = 0.013) over the study period. In contrast, there was a statistically significant increase in incidence on thyroid cancer over the study period with an APC of 4.75% (95% CI = -2.81%∼6.75%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HNCs in Taiwan are showing a decreasing trend, led by the upper respiratory and oropharyngeal cancers. However, there was a concurrent increasing trend of the incidence on thyroid cancer. These trends may be attributable to changing lifestyles and behavioral choices in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Hann Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Speech, Language and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taiwan; Center of General Education, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sudha Xirasagar
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Yen-Fu Cheng
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shyan Chen
- Research Center of Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Economics, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pin Chang
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Herng-Ching Lin
- School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wang SJ, Lin B, Shen SY, Lin JL, Zhang TW, Yang HY. Factors associated with follow-up attendance of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study. Head Neck 2023; 45:963-971. [PMID: 36827077 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the postoperative follow-up attendance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, evaluated some of the factors associated with it, and assessed its relationship with early detection of postoperative disease progression. METHODS An exploratory retrospective cohort study of 430 OSCC patients was conducted. We examined associations of follow-up attendance within the first year after surgery with selected demographic and clinical factors, and with early detection of disease progression. RESULTS The mean number of follow-up visits within the first year after surgery was 3.9 out of the 12 recommended at our center; few patients were fully adherent. Age ≥70 years, unmarried status, high education level, and negative history of surgery for premalignant or malignant lesions from oral cavity or other sites were significantly associated with lower follow-up attendance. Greater follow-up attendance was significantly associated with early detection of disease progression during the first year after surgery (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to follow-up visits was poor. Several sociodemographic and clinical factors were related to follow-up attendance, greater follow-up attendance was significantly associated with early detection of disease progression, and these should be further explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ji Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi-Yue Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Lin Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian-Wen Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Yu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Provincial High-Level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Sugiyama H, Konda M, Saika K, Trama A, Matsuda T. Increased incidence of rare cancers and varied age distributions by cancer group: A population-based cancer registry study in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 83:102336. [PMID: 36780834 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological characteristics of many types of rare cancers are limited especially in Asia. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the burden and changing time trends of rare cancers in Hiroshima, Japan. METHODS The internationally agreed RARECAREnet list of rare cancers was used to identify patients diagnosed with cancers from 2005 to 2015 who were registered in the Hiroshima Prefecture Cancer Registry. Quality indicators specific to rare cancers were assessed by cancer grouping. Crude incidence rates (IRs) and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated for 216 single cancers (rare and common) included in the list. A joinpoint regression was used to analyze age distribution and time trends in the ASRs for 12 internationally agreed rare cancer families. Quality indicators, ASRs, and IRs in Japan were identified to examine IR differences and the effects on data accuracy. RESULTS The 231,328 cases were used to calculate the IRs of each cancer. Epithelial tumors in rare families increased with age, but nonepithelial tumors occurred at any age. The proportion of rare cancer families to total cancers was stable. The time trend for families of head and neck cancers (annual percent change and 95 % confidence interval: 2.4 %; 1.2-3.7 %), neuroendocrine tumors (6.6 %; 5.1-8.1 %), and hematological cancers (4.3 %; 3.2-5.5 %) markedly increased. CONCLUSION The ASRs of several rare cancers increased because of increased knowledge of these diseases, improved diagnostic techniques, and aggressive diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sugiyama
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2, Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.
| | - Manami Konda
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2, Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan.
| | - Kumiko Saika
- Division of International Health Policy Research, Institution for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Annalisa Trama
- Research Department, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Tomohiro Matsuda
- Division of International Health Policy Research, Institution for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
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Sartori LRM, Nóbrega KHS, Schuch HS, Cademartori MG, de Arruda JAA, Martins MD, Schuch LF, Vasconcelos ACU. Temporal trends of women with oral cavity, base of tongue and lip cancers in Brazil: An ecological study covering mortality data from 1980 to 2018. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:236-246. [PMID: 35156217 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obtaining robust evidence about the local mortality levels, trends and impact of oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer, especially for women, is imperative in the fight against cancer. This descriptive retrospective ecological time-series study explored trends in oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer mortality rates for women in Brazil from 1980 to 2018, by geographic region and anatomical location. METHODS The crude and age-adjusted annual mortality rates were obtained by sex, anatomical location and macro-regions of Brazil. The number of deaths from oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancers in Brazil was based on official population counts and estimates. The annual percentage change was calculated based on age-adjusted rates. Data set were analysed using the Joinpoint Regression program. RESULTS A total of 81,918 individuals died of oral cavity/base of tongue cancers and lip cancer between 1980 and 2018 in Brazil. The age-adjusted mortality rate for women was 0.47 and 0.57 per 100,000 in 1980 and 2018, respectively. The cumulative female mortality rates standardized by age were 0.01/100,000 for lip cancer and 0.5/100,000 for oral cavity and base of tongue cancers. A decrease in deaths related to oral cavity and base of tongue cancers was identified in the 1980s; however, over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the number of deaths of women with cancer at the base of tongue and neighbouring areas and on the floor of mouth. Importantly, Brazilian regions showed wide variability in trends of oral cavity, base of tongue and lip cancers rate and, in 2018, the regions with the highest rates were the Southeast, South and Northeast for both sexes and specifically for women. The North region showed the greatest recent significant upward trend. CONCLUSIONS During the last 38 years, Brazil has shown a significant increase in the trend of the mortality rate due to oral cavity/base of tongue and lip cancers in women. Preventive strategies with control of risk factors should be strongly emphasized in order to improve the survival rates of individuals with oral cavity/base of tongue and lip cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Lauren Frenzel Schuch
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Gu X, Ren H. A Survey of Transoral Robotic Mechanisms: Distal Dexterity, Variable Stiffness, and Triangulation. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2023; 4:0007. [PMID: 37058618 PMCID: PMC10088455 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Robot-assisted technologies are being investigated to overcome the limitations of the current solutions for transoral surgeries, which suffer from constrained insertion ports, lengthy and indirect passageways, and narrow anatomical structures. This paper reviews distal dexterity mechanisms, variable stiffness mechanisms, and triangulation mechanisms, which are closely related to the specific technical challenges of transoral robotic surgery (TORS). According to the structure features in moving and orienting end effectors, the distal dexterity designs can be classified into 4 categories: serial mechanism, continuum mechanism, parallel mechanism, and hybrid mechanism. To ensure adequate adaptability, conformability, and safety, surgical robots must have high flexibility, which can be achieved by varying the stiffness. Variable stiffness (VS) mechanisms based on their working principles in TORS include phase-transition-based VS mechanism, jamming-based VS mechanism, and structure-based VS mechanism. Triangulations aim to obtain enough workspace and create adequate traction and counter traction for various operations, including visualization, retraction, dissection, and suturing, with independently controllable manipulators. The merits and demerits of these designs are discussed to provide a reference for developing new surgical robotic systems (SRSs) capable of overcoming the limitations of existing systems and addressing challenges imposed by TORS procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Gu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Suzhou ACTORS Medtech Co., Ltd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Ren
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Prognostic Significance of the Post-Treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Pharyngeal Cancers Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041248. [PMID: 36831590 PMCID: PMC9954210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are well-established prognosticators in various cancers including head and neck cancers, there have been relatively few studies on the clinical significance of the post-treatment values. This study aimed to investigate the changes in NLR and PLR after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and to evaluate their prognostic significance in pharyngeal cancers. METHODS This study was retrospectively conducted on 461 consecutive patients with primary pharyngeal cancer who had received definitive CCRT. Blood test results before and after CCRT were obtained, and the pre- and post-treatment NLR and PLR were calculated. Patient prognosis was evaluated based on overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). RESULTS After CCRT, the NLR increased from 2.01 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.53-2.62) to 2.69 (IQR, 1.93-3.81), and the PLR increased from 118.84 (IQR, 92.61-151.63) to 193.19 (IQR, 146.28-262.46). Along with high pre-treatment NLR and high pre-treatment PLR, high post-treatment NLR was also significantly associated with worse OS and RFS (p = 0.013 and p = 0.026). In addition, patients with a high ΔNLR (i.e., the difference between pre- and post-treatment NLRs) had significantly worse OS and RFS (p = 0.013 and p = 0.026). However, only a high pre-treatment NLR (hazard ratio (HR), 2.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-4.08; p = 0.014), age (HR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.14-4.08; p = 0.018), and stage IV (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.15-3.89; p = 0.017) were independent prognostic factors for OS in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS In patients with pharyngeal cancers, following CCRT, the NLR and PLR increased significantly from pre-treatment values. Like the pre-treatment NLR and PLR, a high post-treatment NLR and a significant increase in NLR were also associated with poor prognosis. Further prospective studies are required to prove the independent significance of the post-treatment NLR and PLR.
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Chen G, Xie J, Liu D, Zhang X, Tang A. Causal effects of education attainment on oral and oropharyngeal cancer: New evidence from a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1132035. [PMID: 37124787 PMCID: PMC10130402 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1132035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Higher educational attainment (EA) has proven to be beneficial for preventing and treating various types of cancers. Currently, there is little evidence on the association between EA and prevention of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OCPC). Methods Several databases were searched until October 1, 2022, and a meta-analysis was performed. A Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted with EA (i.e., the exposure) data derived from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium and 6,034 cases of OCPC (i.e., outcome) selected from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit genome-wide association study. Five methods were used to evaluate the causality between EA and OCPC. The leave-one-out sensitivity test, MR-Egger regression, and multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis were applied to evaluate the MR results. Results The meta-analysis included 36 eligible studies. EA was significantly and negatively associated with OCPC risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.439, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.383-0.503, P < 0.001). MR analysis revealed that the risk of OCPC, oropharyngeal cancer, and oral cavity cancer decreased with an increase in education (OR: 0.349, 95% CI: 0.222-0.548, P < 0.001; OR: 0.343, 95% CI: 0.198-0.597; P < 0.001; OR: 0.342, 95% CI: 0.195-0.601, P < 0.001, respectively). Even after correcting for mediators, high EA still significantly reduced the risk of OCPC (OR: 0.361, 95% CI: 0.281-0.463, P < 0.001). Conclusion Both the meta-analysis and MR results demonstrated that high levels of EA can reduce the risk of OCPC in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Xiaowen Zhang
| | - Anzhou Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Anzhou Tang
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Peres MA, Huihua L, Antunes JLF, Perea LME, Iyer NG, Peres KG. Time trend and Age-Period-Cohort analysis of potentially HPV-related oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence in Singapore between 1968 and 2017. Oral Oncol 2023; 136:106272. [PMID: 36516662 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine trends and age-period-cohort effects (APC) on oral and pharyngeal cancers incidence in Singapore between 1968 and 2017 by human papillomavirus (HPV) status. METHODS All diagnosed oral and pharyngeal cancers and population size were extracted from the Singapore Cancer Registry and the Department of Statistics Singapore, respectively. Anatomical subsites were used as a proxy for HPV infection. Prais-Winsten regression assessed trends of age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) (per 100,000 person-years); Poisson regression assessed APC effects on HPV-related and HPV-unrelated cancers. RESULTS Over 50 years, 1,618 HPV-related and 2,977 HPV-unrelated oral and pharyngeal cancers were diagnosed, with the highest ASIR in Indians (6.93), followed by Chinese (2.81), and Malays (1.81). Overall, ASIR HPV-related cancers were stable while HPV-unrelated cancers decreased. The male-female ASIR ratio reduced from 5.82 (1968-1977) to 4.0 (2008-2017) for HPV-related cancers, and from 2.58 (1968-1977) to 1.52 (2008-2017) for HPV-unrelated cancers. HPV-unrelated ASIR in males decreased, but in females only among Indians. HPV-related ASIR decreased only among Indian females. The cohort born between 1983 and 1992 had the lowest incidence of HPV-related cancers in males but the highest in HPV-unrelated cancers. Period effect mainly contributed to HPV-related cancer among males with increased incidence after 1997. Overall, the age effect was more pronounced in males. CONCLUSIONS HPV-related cancers accounted for 1/3 of oral and pharyngeal cancers. A significant decline was observed only for HPV-unrelated cancers. The cohort effect was mainly attributed to HPV-unrelated cancer incidence, while the period effect largely contributed to HPV-related cancer incidence, but only among males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Peres
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oral Health ACP, Health Services and Systems Research Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Li Huihua
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oral Health ACP, Health Services and Systems Research Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Karen G Peres
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore; Oral Health ACP, Health Services and Systems Research Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Monea M, Pop AM. The Use of Salivary Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases as an Adjuvant Method in the Early Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Literature Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6306-6322. [PMID: 36547091 PMCID: PMC9776994 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with increased mortality, in which the early diagnosis is the most important step in increasing patients' survival rate. Extensive research has evaluated the role of saliva as a source of diagnostic biomarkers, among which matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have shown a valuable potential for detecting even early stages of OSCC. The aim of this review was to present recent clinical data regarding the significance of salivary MMPs in the detection of early malignant transformation of the oral mucosa. A narrative review was conducted on articles published in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO and SciELO databases, using specific terms. Our search revealed that MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12 and MMP-13 had significantly higher levels in saliva from patients with OSCC compared to controls. However, the strength of evidence is limited, as most information regarding their use as adjuvant diagnostic tools for OSCC comes from studies with a low number of participants, variable methodologies for saliva sampling and diagnostic assays, and insufficient adjustment for all covariates. MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 were considered the most promising candidates for salivary diagnosis of OSCC, but larger studies are needed in order to validate their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Monea
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Anca Maria Pop
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Reviewing the epidemiology of head and neck cancer: definitions, trends and risk factors. Br Dent J 2022; 233:780-786. [PMID: 36369568 PMCID: PMC9652141 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck cancer appears to be increasing in incidence, with potential changes in aetiology proposed. This paper aims to provide a narrative overview of the epidemiological literature to describe the disease burden and trends in terms of incidence and mortality both in the UK and globally and to review the evidence on current risk factors. Methods A search was performed on multiple databases (PubMed and Epistemonikos), applying filters to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses which investigated head and neck cancer incidence, mortality and risk factors. International and UK cancer registries and sources were searched for incidence and mortality data. Results Multiple definitions of head and neck cancer are employed in epidemiology. Globally, incidence rates have increased in recent decades, largely driven by oropharyngeal cancer. Mortality rates over the last decade have also started to rise, reflecting the disease incidence and static survival rates. Major risk factors include tobacco smoking alone and in combination with alcohol consumption, betel chewing (particularly in Southeast Asian populations) and the human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer. Conclusions These epidemiological data can inform clinical and preventive service planning for head and neck cancer. Head and neck cancer incidence is increasing and is projected to continue to rise, largely driven by increases in oropharyngeal cancer. Mortality rates have started to increase within the last decade, reflecting a rising incidence and static survival rates. Major risk factors that are associated with the risk of head and neck cancer are tobacco smoking and tobacco used in combination with alcohol consumption. Human papillomavirus is an additional major risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer. Cancers of the head and neck are clearly socioeconomically patterned but this socioeconomic risk is not entirely explained by smoking and alcohol behaviours.
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Na L, Meijie Z, Wenjing Z, Bing Z, Yanhao D, Shanshan L, Yongle Q. HMG20A was identified as a key enhancer driver associated with DNA damage repair in oral squamous cell carcinomas. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:473. [PMID: 36335317 PMCID: PMC9636648 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the main type of oral cancer. Disturbing DNA repair is an invaluable way to improve the effectiveness of tumor treatment. Here, we aimed to explore the key enhancer drivers associated with DNA damage repair in OSCC cells. Methods Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to explore the relationship among DNA repair-related genes expression and clinical phenotypes based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. HOMER software and Integrative Genomics Viewer were applied to identify and visualize enhancers using GSE120634. Toolkit for Cistrome Data Browser was applied to predict transcription factors. Human Protein Atlas Database was used to analyze the protein levels of transcription factors in OSCC and control tissues. Seventy-two OSCC patients were included in this study. qRT-PCR was used to detect transcription factor expression in OSCC and adjacent control tissues collected in this study. qRT-PCR and ChIP-qPCR were used to verify the binding of transcription factors to enhancers, and regulation of target genes transcription. Transcription factor knockdown and control cells were treated with cisplatin. CCK8 was used to detect cell viability and proliferation. Western blotting was implemented to detect the levels of DNA repair-related proteins. Transwell assay was used to detect cell invasion. Results DNA repair was positively associated with the OSCC metastatic phenotype. Patients in the cluster with high expression of DNA repair-related genes had a worse prognosis and a higher proportion of advanced stage, low-differentiation, alcohol consumption and smoking compared to the cluster with low DNA repair-related gene expression. Seventeen metastasis-specific enhancer-controlled upregulated DNA repair-related genes, with the top two upregulated genes being ADRM1 26 S proteasome ubiquitin receptor (ADRM1) and solute carrier family 12 member 7 (SLC12A7) were screened. High mobility group 20 A (HMG20A) was the key prognostic enhancer driver regulating metastasis-specific DNA repair-related genes, with higher expression in OSCC tissues than normal control tissues, and higher expression in metastatic OSCC tissues than non-metastatic OSCC tissues. HMG20A bound to the metastasis-specific enhancers of ADRM1 and SLC12A7, thereby promoting ADRM1 and SLC12A7 expression. Knockdown of HMG20A enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of cells, and inhibited OSCC cells from repairing DNA damage caused by cisplatin, as well as proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells. Conclusion HMG20A was identified as the key prognostic enhancer driver regulating DNA repair in OSCC cells, providing a new therapeutic target for OSCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02500-y.
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Robbins HA, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Waterboer T, Brenner N, Nygard M, Bender N, Schroeder L, Hildesheim A, Pawlita M, D'Souza G, Visvanathan K, Langseth H, Schlecht NF, Tinker LF, Agalliu I, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Ness-Jensen E, Hveem K, Grioni S, Kaaks R, Sánchez MJ, Weiderpass E, Giles GG, Milne RL, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Zheng W, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Huang WY, Freedman ND, Kreimer AR, Johansson M, Brennan P. Absolute Risk of Oropharyngeal Cancer After an HPV16-E6 Serology Test and Potential Implications for Screening: Results From the Human Papillomavirus Cancer Cohort Consortium. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:3613-3622. [PMID: 35700419 PMCID: PMC9622695 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Seropositivity for the HPV16-E6 oncoprotein is a promising marker for early detection of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), but the absolute risk of OPC after a positive or negative test is unknown. METHODS We constructed an OPC risk prediction model that integrates (1) relative odds of OPC for HPV16-E6 serostatus and cigarette smoking from the human papillomavirus (HPV) Cancer Cohort Consortium (HPVC3), (2) US population risk factor data from the National Health Interview Survey, and (3) US sex-specific population rates of OPC and mortality. RESULTS The nine HPVC3 cohorts included 365 participants with OPC with up to 10 years between blood draw and diagnosis and 5,794 controls. The estimated 10-year OPC risk for HPV16-E6 seropositive males at age 50 years was 17.4% (95% CI, 12.4 to 28.6) and at age 60 years was 27.1% (95% CI, 19.2 to 45.4). Corresponding 5-year risk estimates were 7.3% and 14.4%, respectively. For HPV16-E6 seropositive females, 10-year risk estimates were 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5 to 5.9) at age 50 years and 5.5% (95% CI, 3.8 to 9.2) at age 60 years and 5-year risk estimates were 1.5% and 2.7%, respectively. Over 30 years, after a seropositive result at age 50 years, an estimated 49.9% of males and 13.3% of females would develop OPC. By contrast, 10-year risks among HPV16-E6 seronegative people were very low, ranging from 0.01% to 0.25% depending on age, sex, and smoking status. CONCLUSION We estimate that a substantial proportion of HPV16-E6 seropositive individuals will develop OPC, with 10-year risks of 17%-27% for males and 4%-6% for females age 50-60 years in the United States. This high level of risk may warrant periodic, minimally invasive surveillance after a positive HPV16-E6 serology test, particularly for males in high-incidence regions. However, an appropriate clinical protocol for surveillance remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A. Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mari Nygard
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Noemi Bender
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lea Schroeder
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gypsyamber D'Souza
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hilde Langseth
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas F. Schlecht
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Lesley F. Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ilir Agalliu
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Eivind Ness-Jensen
- HUNT Research Center and K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger/Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Center and K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roger L. Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Aimée R. Kreimer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Takenawa T, Harada K, Ferdous T, Kawasaki K, Kuramitsu Y, Mishima K. Silencing of Tropomyosin 1 suppresses the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in vitro. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, MEDICINE, AND PATHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Infante-Cossio P, Duran-Romero AJ, Castaño-Seiquer A, Martinez-De-Fuentes R, Pereyra-Rodriguez JJ. Estimated projection of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer deaths in Spain to 2044. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:444. [PMID: 36242042 PMCID: PMC9563172 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cavity cancer (OCC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are two common malignancies whose mortality is worryingly increasing worldwide. However, few studies have estimated the mortality trends for these cancers in the coming years. This study analysed the mortality rates for OCC and OPC observed between 1980 and 2019 to generate a predictive model for the next 25 years in Spain. Methods Mid-year population data and death certificates for the period 1980–2019 were obtained from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics. The Nordpred program (Norwegian Cancer Registry, Oslo, Norway) was used to calculate adjusted mortality rates as well as estimated mortality projections with an age-period-cohort model for the period 2020–2044. Results The specific mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants for OCC decreased from 2.36 (1980–1984) to 2.17 (2015–2019) and is expected to decline to 1.68 (2040–2044), particularly in males. For OPC, mortality rates rose from 0.67 (1980–1984) to 1.23 (2015–2019) and are projected to drop to 0.71 (2040–2044). In the group of females > 65 years predictions showed rising mortality rates for both OCC and OPC. The predictive model projects more deaths in females than in males for OCC in the period 2040–2044, while deaths for OPC will decrease in males and gradually increase in females. Conclusions Although OCC mortality rates have been found to decrease in males in the last observed decades, there is still room to improve them in females > 65 years in the future by promoting campaigns against smoking and alcohol consumption. OPC mortality will become a growing health problem. Vaccination campaigns for the prevention of human papillomavirus-associated cancers may have a long-term impact on the mortality of these cancers, which should be evaluated in upcoming studies. Clinical relevance Our findings highlighted the importance of closely monitoring OCC and OPC mortality rates in the coming years by age group and sex, and the need to continue preventive measures against the main known risk factors, such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02487-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Infante-Cossio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Antonio-Jose Duran-Romero
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Castaño-Seiquer
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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50
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Murariu A, Baciu ER, Bobu L, Diaconu-Popa D, Zetu I, Gelețu G, Vasluianu RI, Hurjui L. Knowledge, Practice, and Awareness of Oral Cancer and HPV Infection among Dental Students and Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:806. [PMID: 35744069 PMCID: PMC9228335 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dentists play a very important part in the early identification of oral cancer lesions. This aspect of dental practice depends on the knowledge acquired during the faculty years. The aim of this study was to assess dental students' and residents' levels of awareness in terms of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Dental Medicine within the "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Iasi, on a sample of 197 students in the fourth and the fifth years and first year residents in general dentistry. To assess their knowledge, a questionnaire was created containing 22 questions about the risk factors for oral cancer, with a focus on HPV infection. Results: Most participants correctly identified smoking, alcohol, and the HPV infection as risk factors and leukoplakia and erythroplasia as potentially malignant lesions. At the opposite site, aspects considered as unsatisfactory focused on the palpation of lymphatic nodules, a procedure largely carried out by 41.6% of the fourth year students, the counseling only of the patients at risk performed by 59.7% of residents, the lack of knowledge about the prevention of oral cancer through anti-HPV immunization found in 39.7% of the fifth year students. Other incorrect answers focused on other types of suspicious lesions, such as actinic cheilitis, as well as certain areas in the oral cavity subject to the frequent onset of oral cancer, such as buccal mucosa. Conclusions: Although the fifth year students and residents have better knowledge than the fourth year students, the gaps in terms of knowledge and practice encountered in all three categories of participants require a reevaluation of the academic curriculum and the focus on the building of the skills necessary for the correct screening of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Murariu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (I.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Elena-Raluca Baciu
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.D.-P.); (R.-I.V.)
| | - Livia Bobu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (I.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Diana Diaconu-Popa
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.D.-P.); (R.-I.V.)
| | - Irina Zetu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (I.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Gabriela Gelețu
- Department of Surgicals, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (I.Z.); (G.G.)
| | - Roxana-Ionela Vasluianu
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.D.-P.); (R.-I.V.)
| | - Loredana Hurjui
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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