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Cifuentes M, Vahid F, Devaux Y, Bohn T. Biomarkers of food intake and their relevance to metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38904169 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00721b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a prevalent risk factor associated with non communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. A major factor impacting the etiology of MetS is diet. Dietary patterns and several individual food constituents have been related to the risk of developing MetS or have been proposed as adjuvant treatment. However, traditional methods of dietary assessment such as 24 h recalls rely greatly on intensive user-interaction and are subject to bias. Hence, more objective methods are required for unbiased dietary assessment and efficient prevention. While it is accepted that some dietary-derived constituents in blood plasma are indicators for certain dietary patterns, these may be too unstable (such as vitamin C as a marker for fruits/vegetables) or too broad (e.g. polyphenols for plant-based diets) or reflect too short-term intake only to allow for strong associations with prolonged intake of individual food groups. In the present manuscript, commonly employed biomarkers of intake including those related to specific food items (e.g. genistein for soybean or astaxanthin and EPA for fish intake) and novel emerging ones (e.g. stable isotopes for meat intake or microRNA for plant foods) are emphasized and their suitability as biomarker for food intake discussed. Promising alternatives to plasma measures (e.g. ethyl glucuronide in hair for ethanol intake) are also emphasized. As many biomarkers (i.e. secondary plant metabolites) are not limited to dietary assessment but are also capable of regulating e.g. anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, special attention will be given to biomarkers presenting a double function to assess both dietary patterns and MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cifuentes
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
- Doctoral School in Science and Engineering, University of Luxembourg, 2, Avenue de l'Université, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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2
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Suzuki A, Takachi R, Ishihara J, Maruya S, Ishii Y, Kito K, Nakamura K, Tanaka J, Yamaji T, Iso H, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Urinary Biomarkers in Screening for the Usual Intake of Fruit and Vegetables, and Sodium, Potassium, and the Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio: Required Number and Accuracy of Measurements. Nutrients 2024; 16:442. [PMID: 38337726 PMCID: PMC10857367 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Because of within-individual variation, surveys to estimate an individual's usual food intake must be conducted over many days, in general. Here, using non-invasive biomarkers, we examined the number of measurements required to screen for the usual intake of fruit and vegetables, in addition to sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio. Participants were 202 subjects aged 40-74 years from five areas of Japan who completed weighed food records (WFR) and five 24-hour urinary collections (24-h UCs) between 2012 and 2013. The number of 24-h UCs required to screen for intake that deviated from guidelines estimated by the WFR and their accuracies were assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) in a receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The single urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, and the Na/K ratio showed moderate performance (AUC value: >0.7) in discriminating deviations from their criteria by respective intake based on the WFR. Urinary potassium excretion also showed moderate performance (AUC value: >0.7) in estimating the intake of vegetables but could not be used to estimate fruit intake even after five collections. The non-invasive measurement of biomarkers in a single 24-h UC showed moderate performance in screening the usual intake of vegetables, as measured based on the 12-day WFR, as well as of sodium, potassium, and the Na/K ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Kitauoyahigashimachi, Nara-shi 630-8506, Nara, Japan; (A.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Kitauoyahigashimachi, Nara-shi 630-8506, Nara, Japan; (A.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Graduate School of Environmental Health, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Sachiko Maruya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Kitauoyahigashimachi, Nara-shi 630-8506, Nara, Japan; (A.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Yuri Ishii
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Kumiko Kito
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (N.S.)
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Junta Tanaka
- Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (N.S.)
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (N.S.)
- Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-8402, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.I.); (S.T.); (N.S.)
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Dissanayake L, Herath B, Opatha J, Jabir S, Siriwardana R, Sirisena K, Wickramasinghe M, Wimalasekera M, Liyanage R, Duminda Guruge GN, Jayaweera K, Jayawardena R, Zavos HMS, Sumathipala A, Rijsdijk F. The Colombo Twin and Singleton Study (COTASS): Piloting the Feasibility of Collecting Nutritional Data and Extension of the Sample to Include Children of Twins. Behav Genet 2024; 54:63-72. [PMID: 38184818 PMCID: PMC10822816 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10171-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Nutrition and diet are key modifiable risk factors for the rising burden of non-communicable diseases like cardio-vascular diseases and diabetes in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). The nutritional transition in dietary behaviours in LMICs has most likely contributed to this problem. Although traditionally assumed to be environmental, dietary choices are also genetically influenced. Twin study designs can be used to investigate the relative influence of genes and environment on nutrition intake, eating behaviours and associated psychological health. The overall aim of this project is to: provide proof-of-concept for the feasibility of using dietary (biomarker) data within the Children-of-Twin design in nutrition studies, develop laboratory skills and statistical genetic skills and establish a Sri Lankan-specific food composition database. Currently, a pilot study is being conducted with 304 individuals (38 Monozygotic twin pairs, 38 Dizygotic twin pairs and their male or female adult offspring). Questionnaire data on nutritional intake, eating behaviours, psychological well-being, physical health, and bio-specimens are being collected. A Sri Lankan-specific food composition database was developed, training sessions on macro and micro element analysis in biological samples and statistical genetics skills development were conducted and Community Engagement and Involvement programs were carried out in two districts of Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasith Dissanayake
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Binoli Herath
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Janani Opatha
- Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Sameeha Jabir
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Rajindra Siriwardana
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Kavish Sirisena
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Malmi Wickramasinghe
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Manouri Wimalasekera
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruvini Liyanage
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - G N Duminda Guruge
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Rajarata University, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - Kaushalya Jayaweera
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranil Jayawardena
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Helena M S Zavos
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Athula Sumathipala
- Institute for Research and Development in Health and Social Care, No. 393/3, Lily Avenue, Off Robert Gunawardena Mawatha, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Research Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Frühling Rijsdijk
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Anton de Kom University, Paramaribo, Suriname
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Radtke MD, Steinberg FM, Scherr RE. Methods for Assessing Health Outcomes Associated with Food Insecurity in the United States College Student Population: A Narrative Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100131. [PMID: 37865221 PMCID: PMC10831897 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In the United States, college students experience disproportionate food insecurity (FI) rates compared to the national prevalence. The experience of acute and chronic FI has been associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes in this population. This narrative review aims to summarize the current methodologies for assessing health outcomes associated with the experience of FI in college students in the United States. To date, assessing the health outcomes of FI has predominately consisted of subjective assessments, such as self-reported measures of dietary intake, perceived health status, stress, depression, anxiety, and sleep behaviors. This review, along with the emergence of FI as an international public health concern, establishes the need for novel, innovative, and objective biomarkers to evaluate the short- and long-term impacts of FI on physical and mental health outcomes in college students. The inclusion of objective biomarkers will further elucidate the relationship between FI and a multitude of health outcomes to better inform strategies for reducing the pervasiveness of FI in the United States college student population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela D Radtke
- Propel Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA 94305
| | | | - Rachel E Scherr
- Family, Interiors, Nutrition & Apparel Department, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA, USA, 94132; Scherr Nutrition Science Consulting, San Francisco, CA, 94115.
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Suthar H, Thiagarajah K, Karaye I, Lopez-Ixta ZT, Bhurosy T. Reliability of a frequency method for assessing vegetable intake using photos among college students: a smart phone approach. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-4. [PMID: 37856472 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2266034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the interrater reliability of assessing the frequency of vegetable intake using mobile photos and descriptions. DESIGN Repeated measures design. SETTING A Midwestern university. PARTICIPANTS Undergraduate students (N = 165). MEASURABLE OUTCOME/ANALYSIS Number of times each of these vegetable subgroups were consumed daily: dark green vegetables, beans and peas, starchy vegetables, and other vegetables. Analysis: Two raters independently coded meals using mobile photos and descriptions of meals. Cohen κ was calculated to determine interrater reliability. RESULTS A value of κ = 0.9 (p < .001) was obtained, indicating an almost perfect agreement between the two raters. Nearly 92% of participants complied with providing photos along with descriptions of their meals. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A frequency method using mobile photos and descriptions of meals is a reliable strategy to assess vegetable consumption. This frequency method can improve data quality, reduce participant burden, and minimize recall bias in college nutrition programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Suthar
- Department of Population Health, School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Krisha Thiagarajah
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Ibraheem Karaye
- Department of Population Health, School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | | | - Trishnee Bhurosy
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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Bianchetti G, De Maio F, Abeltino A, Serantoni C, Riente A, Santarelli G, Sanguinetti M, Delogu G, Martinoli R, Barbaresi S, Spirito MD, Maulucci G. Unraveling the Gut Microbiome-Diet Connection: Exploring the Impact of Digital Precision and Personalized Nutrition on Microbiota Composition and Host Physiology. Nutrients 2023; 15:3931. [PMID: 37764715 PMCID: PMC10537332 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome, an intricate ecosystem housing trillions of microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract, holds significant importance in human health and the development of diseases. Recent advances in technology have allowed for an in-depth exploration of the gut microbiome, shedding light on its composition and functions. Of particular interest is the role of diet in shaping the gut microbiome, influencing its diversity, population size, and metabolic functions. Precision nutrition, a personalized approach based on individual characteristics, has shown promise in directly impacting the composition of the gut microbiome. However, to fully understand the long-term effects of specific diets and food components on the gut microbiome and to identify the variations between individuals, longitudinal studies are crucial. Additionally, precise methods for collecting dietary data, alongside the application of machine learning techniques, hold immense potential in comprehending the gut microbiome's response to diet and providing tailored lifestyle recommendations. In this study, we investigated the complex mechanisms that govern the diverse impacts of nutrients and specific foods on the equilibrium and functioning of the individual gut microbiome of seven volunteers (four females and three males) with an average age of 40.9 ± 10.3 years, aiming at identifying potential therapeutic targets, thus making valuable contributions to the field of personalized nutrition. These findings have the potential to revolutionize the development of highly effective strategies that are tailored to individual requirements for the management and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio De Maio
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessio Abeltino
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cassandra Serantoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Riente
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Santarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.S.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.D.M.); (G.S.); (M.S.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Delogu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026 Olbia, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Barbaresi
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Watersportlaan 2, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Sections, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (A.A.); (C.S.); (A.R.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Fecal Microbiota Composition as a Metagenomic Biomarker of Dietary Intake. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054918. [PMID: 36902349 PMCID: PMC10003228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota encompasses the set of microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract with mutual relationships that are key for host homeostasis. Increasing evidence supports cross intercommunication between the intestinal microbiome and the eubiosis-dysbiosis binomial, indicating a networking role of gut bacteria as potential metabolic health surrogate markers. The abundance and diversity of the fecal microbial community are already recognized to be associated with several disorders, such as obesity, cardiometabolic events, gastrointestinal alterations, and mental diseases, which suggests that intestinal microbes may be a valuable tool as causal or as consequence biomarkers. In this context, the fecal microbiota could also be used as an adequate and informative proxy of the nutritional composition of the food intake and about the adherence to dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean or Western diets, by displaying specific fecal microbiome signatures. The aim of this review was to discuss the potential use of gut microbial composition as a putative biomarker of food intake and to screen the sensitivity value of fecal microbiota in the evaluation of dietary interventions as a reliable and precise alternative to subjective questionnaires.
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Comparison of dietary intake measured by a web-based FFQ and repeated 24-hour dietary recalls: the Hordaland Health Study. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e98. [PMID: 36405094 PMCID: PMC9641502 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
All dietary assessment methods inevitably introduce measurement errors, which should ideally be considered during data analysis and interpretation. Methodological studies should be conducted to address how well a given assessment method captures dietary intake and to highlight the extent and direction of the measurement error. Within a subgroup of the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK3), we examined the relative validity of a web-based food frequency questionnaire (WebFFQ) by comparing its estimates of mean daily intake of nutrients and foods with estimated mean daily intakes from repeated administrations of 24-hour dietary recall interviews (24-HDRs). Men and women born between 1950 and 1951 were recruited from HUSK3. The participants (n = 67) completed a WebFFQ and three non-consecutive 24-HDRs over the course of a year. Relative validity was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation, crosstab analysis and Bland-Altman plots. Linear regression models were used to compute the calibration coefficients. The estimated correlation coefficients were acceptable or strong for all nutrients and foods except iodine (rs = 0⋅19). The highest correlation coefficient was found for juice (rs = 0⋅71), whereas the lowest correlation coefficient was found for iodine (rs = 0⋅19). Cross-classification by quartiles categorised more than 72 % of the participants into the same or adjacent quartiles using the two methods. Few data points fell outside the limits of agreement in the Bland-Altman plots. Calibration coefficients ranged from 0⋅10 (wholegrain) to 0⋅81 (alcohol). Our findings suggest that the WebFFQ has reasonable ranking abilities for all the included nutrients and foods, except for iodine.
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Key Words
- 24-HDR, 24-hour dietary recall interviews
- BMI, body mass index
- CI, confidence interval
- DLW, doubly labelled water
- Dietary assessment
- FFQ
- FFQ, food frequency questionnaire
- HUSK3, The Hordaland Health Study
- KBS, KostBeregningsSystemet
- LOA, limits of agreement
- The Hordaland Health Study
- Validation
- WebFFQ
- WebFFQ, web-based food frequency questionnaire
- kJ, kilojoule
- p25–p75, 25th percentile–75th percentile
- sd, standard deviation
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KIANI AYSHAKARIM, DHULI KRISTJANA, DONATO KEVIN, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, CONNELLY STEPHENTHADDEUS, BELLINATO FRANCESCO, GISONDI PAOLO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Main nutritional deficiencies. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E93-E101. [PMID: 36479498 PMCID: PMC9710417 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is the source of energy that is required to carry out all the processes of human body. A balanced diet is a combination of both macro- and micronutrients. "Nutritional inadequacy" involves an intake of nutrients that is lower than the estimated average requirement, whereas "nutritional deficiency" consists of severely reduced levels of one or more nutrients, making the body unable to normally perform its functions and thus leading to an increased risk of several diseases like cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Malnutrition could be caused by environmental factors, like food scarcity, as well as disease conditions, like anorexia nervosa, fasting, swallowing inability, persistent vomiting, impaired digestion, intestinal malabsorption, or other chronic diseases. Nutritional biomarkers - like serum or plasma levels of nutrients such as folate, vitamin C, B vitamins, vitamin D, selenium, copper, zinc - could be used for the evaluation of nutrient intake and dietary exposure. Macronutrients deficiencies could cause kwashiorkor, marasmus, ketosis, growth retardation, wound healing, and increased infection susceptibility, whereas micronutrient - like iron, folate, zinc, iodine, and vitamin A - deficiencies lead to intellectual impairment, poor growth, perinatal complications, degenerative diseases associated with aging and higher morbidity and mortality. Preventing macro- and micronutrient deficiency is crucial and this could be achieved through supplementation and food-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - KEVIN DONATO
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- Correspondence: Kevin Donato, MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano,
39100, Italy. E-mail:
| | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - STEPHEN THADDEUS CONNELLY
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System,
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of
California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - FRANCESCO BELLINATO
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of
Medicine, University of Verona, Verona,
Italy
| | - PAOLO GISONDI
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of
Medicine, University of Verona, Verona,
Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN),
Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA),
USA
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10
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Xu L, Fang YJ, Che MM, Abulimiti A, Huang CY, Zhang CX. Association of Serum Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate, Pyridoxal, and PAr with Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Large-Scale Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122389. [PMID: 35745119 PMCID: PMC9230157 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous epidemiological studies have focused on the association of dietary vitamin B6 or circulating pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) with colorectal cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the vitamin B6 in relation to colorectal cancer risk combining the biomarkers of PLP, pyridoxal (PL) plus PLP, and PAr (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of PLP and PL). A large-scale hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China, which included 1233 colorectal cancer cases and 1245 sex and age frequency-matched controls. Serum PLP, PL, and 4-pyridoxic acid (PA) were detected with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Serum PLP and the sum of PLP and PL were inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, while PAr was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. Comparing the highest with the lowest quartile, the adjusted OR (95% CI) was 0.26 (0.20−0.33, Ptrend < 0.001) for serum PLP, 0.51 (0.40−0.66, Ptrend < 0.001) for serum PLP plus PL, and 2.90 (2.25−3.75, Ptrend < 0.001) for PAr. Serum PLP and PAr had significantly stronger associations with colorectal cancer risk in the male group and smoking group. Our results supported the protective role of vitamin B6 in colorectal cancer risk among Chinese people. The positive association of PAr with colorectal cancer risk suggested the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.X.); (M.-M.C.); (A.A.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Yu-Jing Fang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Meng-Meng Che
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.X.); (M.-M.C.); (A.A.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Alinuer Abulimiti
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.X.); (M.-M.C.); (A.A.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chu-Yi Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.X.); (M.-M.C.); (A.A.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.X.); (M.-M.C.); (A.A.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87331943; Fax: +86-20-87330446
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11
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Perspectives of Dietary Assessment in Human Health and Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040830. [PMID: 35215478 PMCID: PMC8877528 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet and human health have a complex set of relationships, so it is crucial to identify the cause-effects paths and their management. Diet is crucial for maintaining health (prevention) and unhealthy diets or diet components can cause disease in the long term (non-communicable disease) but also in the short term (foodborne diseases). The present paper aims to provide a synthesis of current research in the field of dietary assessment in health and disease as an introduction to the special issue on “Dietary Assessment and Human Health and Disease”. Dietary assessment, continuously evolving in terms of methodology and tools, provides the core information basis for all the studies where it is necessary to disentangle the relationship between diet and human health and disease. Estimating dietary patterns allows for assessing dietary quality, adequacy, exposure, and environmental impact in nutritional surveillance so on the one hand, providing information for further clinical studies and on another hand, helping the policy to design tailored interventions considering individual and planetary health, considering that planetary health is crucial for individual health too, as the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has taught. Overall, dietary assessment should be a core component in One-Health-based initiatives to tackle public health nutrition issues.
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12
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Chakrabarti A, Geurts L, Hoyles L, Iozzo P, Kraneveld AD, La Fata G, Miani M, Patterson E, Pot B, Shortt C, Vauzour D. The microbiota-gut-brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:80. [PMID: 35044528 PMCID: PMC8770392 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The gut and brain link via various metabolic and signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, brain and cognitive health. Over the past decade, the involvement of the gut microbiota in gut-brain communication has become the focus of increased scientific interest, establishing the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a field of research. There is a growing number of association studies exploring the gut microbiota's possible role in memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention is now turning to how the microbiota can become the target of nutritional and therapeutic strategies for improved brain health and well-being. However, while such strategies that target the gut microbiota to influence brain health and function are currently under development with varying levels of success, still very little is yet known about the triggers and mechanisms underlying the gut microbiota's apparent influence on cognitive or brain function and most evidence comes from pre-clinical studies rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling the knowledge gaps requires establishing a standardised methodology for human studies, including strong guidance for specific focus areas of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the need for more extensive biological sample analyses, and identification of relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements are new advanced models for in vitro and in vivo studies of relevant mechanisms, and a greater focus on omics technologies with supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) to efficiently translate study findings, as well as the identification of relevant targets in study populations. The key to building a validated evidence base rely on increasing knowledge sharing and multi-disciplinary collaborations, along with continued public-private funding support. This will allow microbiota-gut-brain axis research to move to its next phase so we can identify realistic opportunities to modulate the microbiota for better brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucie Geurts
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michela Miani
- International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Bruno Pot
- Yakult Europe BV, Almere, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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13
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Wang W, Zhu F, Wu L, Han S, Wu X. Trends in Nutritional Biomarkers by Demographic Characteristics Across 14 Years Among US Adults. Front Nutr 2022; 8:737102. [PMID: 35096920 PMCID: PMC8793029 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.737102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Understanding trend in nutritional status is crucial to inform national health priorities to improve diets and reduce related diseases. The present study aimed to analyze trends in the concentrations of all measured nutritional biomarkers and their status among US adults across 14 years. Methods: Trends on the concentrations of nutritional biomarkers and nutritional status evaluated by the prevalence of deficiency, inadequacy, excess, and dyslipidemia were analyzed among US adults in 7 cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2003–2016) and by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Results: A total of 38,505 participants (weighted mean age of 47.2 years, 51.4% women) were included in the present study. Across 14 years, increased trends were found in red blood cell (RBC) folate, serum vitamin B12, vitamin D and albumin, the prevalence of iodine deficiency, vitamin B6 inadequacy, and hypophosphatemia, whereas decreased trends were observed in serum vitamin E, phosphorus, total calcium, total protein, apolipoprotein B (Apo B), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), blood lead, cadmium, mercury, and the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency, vitamin D inadequacy, iodine excess, and dyslipidemia with elevated LDL-C, TC, TG, and lowered HDL/LDL. Non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) and participants with low socioeconomic status were accounted for the poor nutritional status of most biomarkers compared to their comparts. Conclusion: Most nutritional biomarkers and their status were improved among US adults from 2003 to 2016, but some specific populations should be paid much attention to improve their nutritional status, especially for NHB and participants with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangzhou Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, The National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lanlan Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Union Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Han
- Luohu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyan Wu
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14
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Li SX, Hodge AM, MacInnis RJ, Bassett JK, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Rinaldi S, Meyer K, Navionis AS, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Flicker L, Severi G, Jayasekara H, English DR, Vineis P, Southey MC, Milne RL, Giles GG, Dugué PA. Inflammation-Related Marker Profiling of Dietary Patterns and All-cause Mortality in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. J Nutr 2021; 151:2908-2916. [PMID: 34320210 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional epidemiology research using self-reported dietary intake is prone to measurement error. Objective methods are being explored to overcome this limitation. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine 1) the association between plasma markers related to inflammation and derive marker scores for dietary patterns [Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM), Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI)] and 2) the associations of these marker scores with mortality. METHODS Weighted marker scores were derived from the cross-sectional association between 30 plasma markers and each dietary score (assessed using food-frequency questionnaires) using linear regression for 770 participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (aged 50-82 y). Prospective associations between marker scores and mortality (n = 249 deaths) were assessed using Cox regression (median follow-up: 14.4 y). RESULTS The MDS, E-DII, and AHEI were associated (P < 0.05) with 9, 14, and 11 plasma markers, respectively. Healthier diets (higher MDS and AHEI, and lower anti-inflammatory, E-DII) were associated with lower concentrations of kynurenines, neopterin, IFN-γ, cytokines, and C-reactive protein. Five of 6 markers common to the 3 dietary scores were components of the kynurenine pathway. The 3 dietary-based marker scores were highly correlated (Spearman ρ: -0.74, -0.82, and 0.93). Inverse associations (for 1-SD increment) were observed with all-cause mortality for the MDS marker score (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72-0.98) and the AHEI marker score (HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.66-0.89), whereas a positive association was observed with the E-DII marker score (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01-1.39). The same magnitude of effect was not observed for the respective dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS Markers involved in inflammation-related processes are associated with dietary quality, including a substantial overlap between markers associated with the MDS, the E-DII, and the AHEI, especially kynurenines. Unfavorable marker scores, reflecting poorer-quality diets, were associated with increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherly X Li
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert J MacInnis
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie K Bassett
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Klaus Meyer
- Bevital A/S, Laboratoriebygget, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne-Sophie Navionis
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Leon Flicker
- WA Centre for Health and Ageing of the University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, USQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Turin, Italy
| | - Harindra Jayasekara
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Oteiza PI, Fraga CG, Galleano M. Linking biomarkers of oxidative stress and disease with flavonoid consumption: From experimental models to humans. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101914. [PMID: 33750648 PMCID: PMC8113027 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the links among flavonoid consumption, mitigation of oxidative stress and improvement of disease in humans has significantly advanced in the last decades. This review used (−)-epicatechin (EC) as an example of dietary flavonoids, and inflammation, endothelial dysfunction/hypertension and insulin resistance/diabetes as paradigms of human disease. In these pathologies, oxidative stress is part of their development and/or their perpetuation. Evidence from both, rodent studies and characterization of mechanisms in cell cultures are encouraging and mostly support indirect antioxidant actions of EC and EC metabolites in endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Human studies also show beneficial effects of EC on these pathologies based on biomarkers of disease. However, there is limited available information on oxidative stress biomarkers and flavonoid consumption to allow establishing conclusive associations. The evolving discovery of metabolites that could serve as reliable markers of intake of specific flavonoids constitutes a powerful tool to link flavonoid consumption to disease and prevention of oxidative stress in human populations. Flavonoid’s metabolism and concentration determine their antioxidant mechanisms. Except for the GI tract, flavonoids are relevant indirect antioxidants in organs and tissues. Flavonoid's health effects are not always linked to biomarkers of oxidative stress. (‒)-Epicatechin mitigates the redox deregulation involved in hypertension/T2D pathogenesis. More human studies will strength links among flavonoids, oxidative stress, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I Oteiza
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, USA.
| | - Cesar G Fraga
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA; Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Monica Galleano
- Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Ottaviani JI, Britten A, Lucarelli D, Luben R, Mulligan AA, Lentjes MA, Fong R, Gray N, Grace PB, Mawson DH, Tym A, Wierzbicki A, Forouhi NG, Khaw KT, Schroeter H, Kuhnle GGC. Biomarker-estimated flavan-3-ol intake is associated with lower blood pressure in cross-sectional analysis in EPIC Norfolk. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17964. [PMID: 33087825 PMCID: PMC7578063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavan-3-ols are a group of bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve vascular function in intervention studies. They are therefore of great interest for the development of dietary recommendation for the prevention of cardio-vascular diseases. However, there are currently no reliable data from observational studies, as the high variability in the flavan-3-ol content of food makes it difficult to estimate actual intake without nutritional biomarkers. In this study, we investigated cross-sectional associations between biomarker-estimated flavan-3-ol intake and blood pressure and other CVD risk markers, as well as longitudinal associations with CVD risk in 25,618 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) Norfolk cohort. High flavan-3-ol intake, achievable as part of an habitual diet, was associated with a significantly lower systolic blood pressure (- 1.9 (- 2.7; - 1.1) mmHg in men and - 2.5 (- 3.3; - 1.8) mmHg in women; lowest vs highest decile of biomarker), comparable to adherence to a Mediterranean Diet or moderate salt reduction. Subgroup analyses showed that hypertensive participants had stronger inverse association between flavan-3-ol biomarker and systolic blood pressure when compared to normotensive participants. Flavanol intake could therefore have a role in the maintenance of cardiovascular health on a population scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abigail Britten
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Gray
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | | | - Amy Tym
- LGC, Newmarket Road, Fordham, UK
| | | | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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17
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Flanagan E, Lamport D, Brennan L, Burnet P, Calabrese V, Cunnane SC, de Wilde MC, Dye L, Farrimond JA, Emerson Lombardo N, Hartmann T, Hartung T, Kalliomäki M, Kuhnle GG, La Fata G, Sala-Vila A, Samieri C, Smith AD, Spencer JP, Thuret S, Tuohy K, Turroni S, Vanden Berghe W, Verkuijl M, Verzijden K, Yannakoulia M, Geurts L, Vauzour D. Nutrition and the ageing brain: Moving towards clinical applications. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101079. [PMID: 32461136 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The global increases in life expectancy and population have resulted in a growing ageing population and with it a growing number of people living with age-related neurodegenerative conditions and dementia, shifting focus towards methods of prevention, with lifestyle approaches such as nutrition representing a promising avenue for further development. This overview summarises the main themes discussed during the 3rd Symposium on "Nutrition for the Ageing Brain: Moving Towards Clinical Applications" held in Madrid in August 2018, enlarged with the current state of knowledge on how nutrition influences healthy ageing and gives recommendations regarding how the critical field of nutrition and neurodegeneration research should move forward into the future. Specific nutrients are discussed as well as the impact of multi-nutrient and whole diet approaches, showing particular promise to combatting the growing burden of age-related cognitive decline. The emergence of new avenues for exploring the role of diet in healthy ageing, such as the impact of the gut microbiome and development of new techniques (imaging measures of brain metabolism, metabolomics, biomarkers) are enabling researchers to approach finding answers to these questions. But the translation of these findings into clinical and public health contexts remains an obstacle due to significant shortcomings in nutrition research or pressure on the scientific community to communicate recommendations to the general public in a convincing and accessible way. Some promising programs exist but further investigation to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which nutrition can improve brain health across the human lifespan is still required.
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18
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Relative validity of FFQ to assess food items, energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intake in children and adolescents: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:792-818. [PMID: 32807247 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
FFQ are one of the most widely used tools of research into nutritional epidemiology, and many studies have been conducted in several countries using this dietary assessment method. The present study aimed to evaluate the relative validity of FFQ, in comparison with other methods, in assessing dietary intake of children and adolescents, through a systematic review. Four electronic databases (Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) found sixty-seven articles, which met the inclusion criteria (healthy children and adolescents from 3 to 18 years of age; journal articles written in English, Spanish and Portuguese between 1988 and March 2019; results showing the comparison between the FFQ with other methods of assessment of dietary intake). The articles were analysed by two independent reviewers. A meta-analysis was conducted using correlation coefficients as estimate effects between the FFQ and the reference standard method. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to identify the probable source of heterogeneity. In fifty-five of the sixty-seven studies, a single dietary assessment method was used to evaluate the FFQ; nine combined the two methods and three used three reference methods. The most widely used reference method was the 24-h recall, followed by the food record. The overall relative validity of the FFQ to estimate energy, macronutrient, certain micronutrient and certain food item intakes in children and adolescents may be considered weak. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42016038706.
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19
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Johnson AJ, Zheng JJ, Kang JW, Saboe A, Knights D, Zivkovic AM. A Guide to Diet-Microbiome Study Design. Front Nutr 2020; 7:79. [PMID: 32596250 PMCID: PMC7303276 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intense recent interest in understanding how the human gut microbiome influences health has kindled a concomitant interest in linking dietary choices to microbiome variation. Diet is known to be a driver of microbiome variation, and yet the precise mechanisms by which certain dietary components modulate the microbiome, and by which the microbiome produces byproducts and secondary metabolites from dietary components, are not well-understood. Interestingly, despite the influence of diet on the gut microbiome, the majority of microbiome studies published to date contain little or no analysis of dietary intake. Although an increasing number of microbiome studies are now collecting some form of dietary data or even performing diet interventions, there are no clear standards in the microbiome field for how to collect diet data or how to design a diet-microbiome study. In this article, we review the current practices in diet-microbiome analysis and study design and make several recommendations for best practices to provoke broader discussion in the field. We recommend that microbiome studies include multiple consecutive microbiome samples per study timepoint or phase and multiple days of dietary history prior to each microbiome sample whenever feasible. We find evidence that direct effects of diet on the microbiome are likely to be observable within days, while the length of an intervention required for observing microbiome-mediated effects on the host phenotype or host biomarkers, depending on the outcome, may be much longer, on the order of weeks or months. Finally, recent studies demonstrating that diet-microbiome interactions are personalized suggest that diet-microbiome studies should either include longitudinal sampling within individuals to identify personalized responses, or should include an adequate number of participants spanning a range of microbiome types to identify generalized responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail J Johnson
- BioTechnology Institute, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jack Jingyuan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jea Woo Kang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Anna Saboe
- BioTechnology Institute, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Dan Knights
- BioTechnology Institute, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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20
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Ramne S, Gray N, Hellstrand S, Brunkwall L, Enhörning S, Nilsson PM, Engström G, Orho-Melander M, Ericson U, Kuhnle GGC, Sonestedt E. Comparing Self-Reported Sugar Intake With the Sucrose and Fructose Biomarker From Overnight Urine Samples in Relation to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. Front Nutr 2020; 7:62. [PMID: 32435652 PMCID: PMC7218081 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on sugar intake and its link to cardiometabolic risk show inconsistent results, partly due to dietary misreporting. Cost-effective and easily measured nutritional biomarkers that can complement dietary data are warranted. Measurement of 24-h urinary sugars is a biomarker of sugar intake, but there are knowledge gaps regarding the use of overnight urine samples. We aim to compare (1) overnight urinary sucrose and fructose measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, (2) self-reported sugar intake measured with web-based 4-day food records, (3) their composite measure, and (4) these different measures' (1–3) cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in 991 adults in the Malmö Offspring Study (18–69 years, 54% women). The correlations between the reported intakes of total sugar, added sugar and sucrose was higher for urinary sucrose than fructose, and the correlations for the sum or urinary sucrose and fructose (U-sugars) varied between r≈0.2–0.3 (P < 0.01) in men and women. Differences in the direction of associations were observed for some cardiometabolic risk factors between U-sugars and reported added sugar intake, as well as between the sexes. In women, U-sugars, but not reported added sugar intake, were positively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and fasting glucose. Both U-sugars and added sugar were positively associated with BMI and waist circumference in women, whereas among men, U-sugars were negatively associated with BMI and waist circumference, and no association was observed for added sugar. The composite measure of added sugars and U-sugars was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure and negatively associated with HDL cholesterol in women (P < 0.05). Conclusively, we demonstrate statistically significant, but not very high, correlations between reported sugar intakes and U-sugars. Results indicate that overnight urinary sugars may be used as a complement to self-reported dietary data when investigating associations between sugar exposure and cardiometabolic risk. However, future studies are highly needed to validate the overnight urinary sugars as a biomarker because its use, instead of 24-h urine, facilitates data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Ramne
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nicola Gray
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hellstrand
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Louise Brunkwall
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sofia Enhörning
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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21
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Adherence to UK dietary guidelines is associated with higher dietary intake of total and specific polyphenols compared with a traditional UK diet: further analysis of data from the Cardiovascular risk REduction Study: Supported by an Integrated Dietary Approach (CRESSIDA) randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:402-415. [PMID: 30760336 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adherence to dietary guidelines (DG) may result in higher intake of polyphenols via increased consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. We compared polyphenol dietary intake and urinary excretion between two intervention groups in the Cardiovascular risk REduction Study: Supported by an Integrated Dietary Approach study: a 12-week parallel-arm, randomised controlled trial (n 161; sixty-four males, ninety-seven females; aged 40-70 years). One group adhered to UK DG, whereas the other group consumed a representative UK diet (control). We estimated polyphenol dietary intake, using a 4-d food diary (4-DFD) and FFQ, and analysed 24-h polyphenol urinary excretion by liquid chromatography-tandem MS on a subset of participants (n 46 control; n 45 DG). A polyphenol food composition database for 4-DFD analysis was generated using Phenol-Explorer and USDA databases. Total polyphenol intake by 4-DFD at endpoint (geometric means with 95 % CI, adjusted for baseline and sex) was significantly higher in the DG group (1279 mg/d per 10 MJ; 1158, 1412) compared with the control group (1084 mg/d per 10 MJ; 980, 1197). The greater total polyphenol intake in the DG group was attributed to higher intake of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and hydroxycinnamic acids, with the primary food sources being fruits, cereal products, nuts and seeds. FFQ estimates of flavonoid intake also detected greater intake in DG compared with the control group. 24-h urinary excretion showed consistency with 4-DFD in their ability to discriminate between dietary intervention groups for six out of ten selected, individual polyphenols. In conclusion, following UK DG increased total polyphenol intake by approximately 20 %, but not all polyphenol subclasses corresponded with this finding.
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22
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Morgan EH, Graham ML, Marshall GA, Hanson KL, Seguin-Fowler RA. Serum carotenoids are strongly associated with dermal carotenoids but not self-reported fruit and vegetable intake among overweight and obese women. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:104. [PMID: 31718657 PMCID: PMC6852957 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate assessment of fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) is essential for public health nutrition research and surveillance. Blood carotenoid concentrations are robust biomarkers of FVI, but collecting blood samples typically is not feasible in population-based studies. Understanding how well non-invasive measures compare to blood estimates is important for advancing surveillance and evaluation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between serum carotenoids and four non-invasive measures of FVI in overweight and obese women. Methods This study utilized baseline data from 157 overweight or obese women (95.5% white, mean age 58.56 years ± 9.49 years) enrolled in the Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities randomized trial, including two direct measures of carotenoids and three self-reported measures of FVI. Participants completed a fasting blood draw, dermal carotenoid scans using resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS), a two-item FVI screener modeled after the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 “My Life Check” tool (modified AHA tool), the National Cancer Institute’s All-Day Fruit and Vegetable Screener (FVS), multiple 24-h dietary recalls, physical measurements, and demographic and health behavior questions. We analyzed blood for total carotenoids and derived total FVI estimates from self-report tools. We used multivariate linear regression models to examine associations between each non-invasive tool and serum carotenoids under four scenarios analogous to different research contexts in which varying breadths of participant data are available. We also calculated adjusted Pearson’s correlations between serum carotenoids, dermal carotenoids, and the self-reported measures. Results Dermal carotenoids were strongly correlated with serum carotenoids (0.71, P < 0.00067) and associated with serum carotenoids in all regression models (0.42–0.43, P < 0.002). None of the self-reported FVI measures were significantly associated with serum or dermal carotenoids in adjusted regression models or correlation analyses. Conclusions Compared to self-reported FVI, we found dermal carotenoids measured by RRS to be a superior method to approximate serum carotenoids among overweight and obese women. More research is needed to investigate these assessment methods in diverse populations. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02499731, registered July 16, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Morgan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Meredith L Graham
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Grace A Marshall
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Karla L Hanson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, 600 John Kimbrough Boulevard, Suite 512, College Station, TX, 77843-2142, USA.
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23
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Ottaviani JI, Fong R, Kimball J, Ensunsa JL, Gray N, Vogiatzoglou A, Britten A, Lucarelli D, Luben R, Grace PB, Mawson DH, Tym A, Wierzbicki A, Smith AD, Wareham NJ, Forouhi NG, Khaw KT, Schroeter H, Kuhnle GGC. Evaluation of (-)-epicatechin metabolites as recovery biomarker of dietary flavan-3-ol intake. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13108. [PMID: 31511603 PMCID: PMC6739331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49702-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from dietary intervention studies suggest that intake of (−)-epicatechin mediates beneficial vascular effects in humans. However, population-based investigations are required to evaluate associations between habitual intake and health and these studies rely on accurate estimates of intake, which nutritional biomarkers can provide. Here, we evaluate a series of structurally related (−)-epicatechin metabolites (SREM), particularly (−)-epicatechin-3′-glucuronide, (−)-epicatechin-3′-sulfate and 3′-O-methyl-(−)-epicatechin-5-sulfate (SREMB), as flavan-3-ol and (−)-epicatechin intake. SREMB in urine proved to be a specific indicator of (−)-epicatechin intake, showing also a strong correlation with the amount of (−)-epicatechin ingested (R2: 0.86 (95% CI 0.8l; 0.92). The median recovery of (−)-epicatechin as SREMB in 24 h urine was 10% (IQR 7–13%) and we found SREMB in the majority of participants of EPIC Norfolk (83% of 24,341) with a mean concentration of 2.4 ± 3.2 µmol/L. Our results show that SREMB are suitable as biomarker of (−)-epicatechin intake. According to evaluation criteria from IARC and the Institute of Medicine, the results obtained support use of SREMB as a recovery biomarker to estimate actual intake of (−)-epicatechin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Gray
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Abigail Britten
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Amy Tym
- LGC, Newmarket Road, Fordham, UK
| | | | - A David Smith
- OPTIMA Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK. .,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Lafrenière J, Couillard C, Lamarche B, Laramée C, Vohl MC, Lemieux S. Associations between self-reported vegetable and fruit intake assessed with a new web-based 24-h dietary recall and serum carotenoids in free-living adults: a relative validation study. J Nutr Sci 2019; 8:e26. [PMID: 31428333 PMCID: PMC6683236 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the relative validity of a new web-based 24-h dietary recall (R24W) in terms of vegetable and fruit (VF) intake assessment using serum carotenoid concentrations as reference biomarkers. A total of seventy-four women and seventy-three men (mean age 47·5 (sd 13·3) years; mean BMI 25·5 (sd 4·4) kg/m2) completed the R24W four times to assess their VF intake. Serum carotenoids were obtained from 12-h fasted blood samples and measured by HPLC. Raw and de-attenuated partial Spearman's correlations were performed to determine how usual vegetable and/or fruit intake was associated with serum carotenoids. Relevant confounders were selected using a stepwise regression analysis. Finally, cross-classification was used to determine agreement between intake of VF and serum carotenoids. Intake of total dietary carotenoids was significantly associated (r 0·40; P < 0·01) with total serum carotenoids (without lycopene). Total VF intake was also associated with total serum carotenoid concentrations without lycopene (r 0·44; P < 0·01). HDL-cholesterol, waist circumference and age were identified as confounders in the association between total VF intake and total serum carotenoids (without lycopene). De-attenuated partial correlation adjusted for these confounders increased the associations between dietary carotenoids and total serum carotenoids without lycopene (r 0·49; P < 0·01) and between total VF intake and total serum carotenoids without lycopene (r 0·48; P < 0·01). Almost 80 % of respondents were classified in the same or the adjacent quartile for total VF intake and total serum carotenoids without lycopene, while less than 6 % were classified in the opposite quartile. Overall, these observations support the appropriateness of the R24W to assess the dietary intake of VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Lafrenière
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - C. Couillard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - B. Lamarche
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - C. Laramée
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - M. C. Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - S. Lemieux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
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25
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Mack CI, Egert B, Liberto E, Weinert CH, Bub A, Hoffmann I, Bicchi C, Kulling SE, Cordero C. Robust Markers of Coffee Consumption Identified Among the Volatile Organic Compounds in Human Urine. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801060. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina I. Mack
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Björn Egert
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Erica Liberto
- Università degli Studi di TorinoDipartimento di Scienza e tecnologia del Farmaco Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Christoph H. Weinert
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Achim Bub
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Nutritional Behaviour Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Carlo Bicchi
- Università degli Studi di TorinoDipartimento di Scienza e tecnologia del Farmaco Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Sabine E. Kulling
- Max Rubner‐InstitutDepartment of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables Haid‐und‐Neu‐Straße 9 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Chiara Cordero
- Università degli Studi di TorinoDipartimento di Scienza e tecnologia del Farmaco Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
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26
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FAO/WHO GIFT (Global Individual Food consumption data Tool): a global repository for harmonised individual quantitative food consumption studies. Proc Nutr Soc 2019; 78:484-495. [PMID: 30816080 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665119000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Knowing who eats what, understanding the various eating habits of different population groups, according to the geographical area, is critical to develop evidence-based policies for nutrition and food safety. The FAO/WHO Global Individual Food consumption data Tool (FAO/WHO GIFT) is a novel open-access online platform, hosted by FAO and supported by WHO, providing access to harmonised individual quantitative food consumption (IQFC) data, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). FAO/WHO GIFT is a growing repository, which will serve as the global FAO/WHO hub to disseminate IQFC microdata. Currently five datasets from LMIC are available for dissemination, and an additional fifty datasets will be made available by 2022. To facilitate the use of these data by policy makers, ready-to-use food-based indicators are provided for an overview of key data according to population segments and food groups. FAO/WHO GIFT also provides an inventory of existing IQFC data worldwide, which currently contains detailed information on 188 surveys conducted in seventy-two countries. In order for end-users to be able to aggregate the available data, all datasets are harmonised with the European Food Safety Authority's food classification and description system FoodEx2 (modified for global use). This harmonisation is aimed at enhancing the consistency and reliability of nutrient intake and dietary exposure assessments. FAO/WHO GIFT is developed in synergy with other global initiatives aimed at increasing the quality, availability and use of IQFC data in LMIC to enable evidence-based decision-making and policy development for better nutrition and food safety.
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27
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Rodriguez-Mateos A, Weber T, Skene SS, Ottaviani JI, Crozier A, Kelm M, Schroeter H, Heiss C. Assessing the respective contributions of dietary flavanol monomers and procyanidins in mediating cardiovascular effects in humans: randomized, controlled, double-masked intervention trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:1229-1237. [PMID: 30358831 PMCID: PMC6290365 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavanols are an important class of food bioactives that can improve vascular function even in healthy subjects. Cocoa flavanols (CFs) are composed principally of the monomer (-)-epicatechin (∼20%), with a degree of polymerisation (DP) of 1 (DP1), and oligomeric procyanidins (∼80%, DP2-10). Objective Our objective was to investigate the relative contribution of procyanidins and (-)-epicatechin to CF intake-related improvements in vascular function in healthy volunteers. Design In a randomized, controlled, double-masked, parallel-group dietary intervention trial, 45 healthy men (aged 18-35 y) consumed the following once daily for 1 mo: 1) a DP1-10 cocoa extract containing 130 mg (-)-epicatechin and 560 mg procyanidins, 2) a DP2-10 cocoa extract containing 20 mg (-)-epicatechin and 540 mg procyanidins, or 3) a control capsule, which was flavanol-free but had identical micro- and macronutrient composition. Results Consumption of DP1-10, but not of either DP2-10 or the control capsule, significantly increased flow-mediated vasodilation (primary endpoint) and the concentration of structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) in the circulatory system while decreasing pulse wave velocity and blood pressure. Total cholesterol significantly decreased after daily intake of both DP1-10 and DP2-10 as compared with the control. Conclusions CF-related improvements in vascular function are predominantly related to the intake of flavanol monomers and circulating SREMs in healthy humans but not to the more abundant procyanidins and gut microbiome-derived CF catabolites. Reduction in total cholesterol was linked to consumption of procyanidins but not necessarily to that of (-)-epicatechin. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02728466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Timon Weber
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon S Skene
- University of Surrey, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alan Crozier
- Nutrition Department, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany,University of Surrey, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Guildford, United Kingdom,Address correspondence to CH (e-mail: )
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28
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Liu SV, Moore LB, Halliday TM, Jahren AH, Savla J, Hedrick VE, Marinik EL, Davy BM. Short-term changes in added sugar consumption by adolescents reflected in the carbon isotope ratio of fingerstick blood. Nutr Health 2018; 24:251-259. [PMID: 30231801 PMCID: PMC9817487 DOI: 10.1177/0260106018799522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of added sugars (AS) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) may adversely affect adolescents' weight and cardiovascular disease risk. Reliance on self-reported dietary assessment methods is a common research limitation, which could be overcome by dietary intake biomarkers. AIM The investigation was a proof-of-concept study to evaluate the proposed carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) biomarker of AS intake in adolescents, using a controlled feeding design. METHODS Participants (n = 33, age 15.3 years, 53% female) underwent two seven-day controlled feeding periods in a randomly assigned order. Diets were matched in composition except for AS content (5% or 25% of total energy). Fasting fingerstick blood samples were collected daily during each diet period. RESULTS Fingerstick δ13C values changed from day 1 to 8 by -0.05 ± 0.071‰ on 5% AS, and +0.03 ± 0.083‰ on 25% AS (p ≤ 0.001). Reliability was demonstrated between day 7 and 8 δ13C values on the 5% (ICC = 0.996, p ≤ 0.001) and 25% (ICC = 0.997, p ≤ 0.001) AS diets. CONCLUSIONS Larger scale investigations are warranted to determine if this technique could be applied to population-level research in order to help assess the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing the consumption of AS or SSB intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Lori B Moore
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Tanya M Halliday
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - A Hope Jahren
- Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jyoti Savla
- Department of Human Development and Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Valisa E Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Elaina L Marinik
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Brenda M Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
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29
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Sri Harsha PSC, Wahab RA, Garcia-Aloy M, Madrid-Gambin F, Estruel-Amades S, Watzl B, Andrés-Lacueva C, Brennan L. Biomarkers of legume intake in human intervention and observational studies: a systematic review. GENES AND NUTRITION 2018; 13:25. [PMID: 30214640 PMCID: PMC6131749 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0614-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in assessing dietary intake more accurately across different population groups, and biomarkers have emerged as a complementary tool to replace traditional dietary assessment methods. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature available and evaluate the applicability and validity of biomarkers of legume intake reported across various observational and intervention studies. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge identified 44 studies which met the inclusion criteria for the review. Results from observational studies focused on soy or soy-based foods and demonstrated positive correlations between soy intake and urinary, plasma or serum isoflavonoid levels in different population groups. Similarly, intervention studies demonstrated increased genistein and daidzein levels in urine and plasma following soy intake. Both genistein and daidzein exhibited dose-response relationships. Other isoflavonoid levels such as O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) and equol were also reported to increase following soy consumption. Using a developed scoring system, genistein and daidzein can be considered as promising candidate markers for soy consumption. Furthermore, genistein and daidzein also served as good estimates of soy intake as evidenced from long-term exposure studies marking their status as validated biomarkers. On the contrary, only few studies indicated proposed biomarkers for pulses intake, with pipecolic acid and S-methylcysteine reported as markers reflecting dry bean consumption, unsaturated aliphatic, hydroxyl-dicarboxylic acid related to green beans intake and trigonelline reported as marker of peas consumption. However, data regarding criteria such as specificity, dose-response and time-response relationship, reliability, and feasibility to evaluate the validity of these markers is lacking. In conclusion, despite many studies suggesting proposed biomarkers for soy, there is a lack of information on markers of other different subtypes of legumes. Further discovery and validation studies are needed in order to identify reliable biomarkers of legume intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedapati S C Sri Harsha
- 1UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Roshaida Abdul Wahab
- 1UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- 2Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,3CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Madrid-Gambin
- 2Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,3CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sheila Estruel-Amades
- 2Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernhard Watzl
- 4Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cristina Andrés-Lacueva
- 2Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,3CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- 1UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Mack CI, Weinert CH, Egert B, Ferrario PG, Bub A, Hoffmann I, Watzl B, Daniel H, Kulling SE. The complex human urinary sugar profile: determinants revealed in the cross-sectional KarMeN study. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:502-516. [PMID: 30535088 PMCID: PMC6134285 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although sugars and sugar derivatives are an important class of metabolites involved in many physiologic processes, there is limited knowledge on their occurrence and pattern in biofluids. Objective Our aim was to obtain a comprehensive urinary sugar profile of healthy participants and to demonstrate the wide applicability and usefulness of this sugar profiling approach for nutritional as well as clinical studies. Design In the cross-sectional KarMeN study, the 24-h urine samples of 301 healthy participants on an unrestricted diet, assessed via a 24-h recall, were analyzed by a newly developed semitargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profiling method that enables the detection of known and unknown sugar compounds. Statistical analyses were performed with respect to associations of sex and diet with the urinary sugar profile. Results In total, 40 known and 15 unknown sugar compounds were detected in human urine, ranging from mono- and disaccharides, polyols, and sugar acids to currently unknown sugar-like compounds. A number of rarely analyzed sugars were found in urine samples. Maltose was found in statistically higher concentrations in the urine of women compared with men and was also associated with menopausal status. Further, a number of individual sugar compounds associated with the consumption of specific foods, such as avocado, or food groups, such as alcoholic beverages and dairy products, were identified. Conclusions We here provide data on the complex nature of the sugar profile in human urine, of which some compounds may have the potential to serve as dietary markers or early disease biomarkers. Thus, comprehensive urinary sugar profiling not only has the potential to increase our knowledge of host sugar metabolism, but can also reveal new dietary markers after consumption of individual food items, and may lead to the identification of early disease biomarkers in the future. The KarMeN study was registered at drks.de as DRKS00004890.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina I Mack
- Departments of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph H Weinert
- Departments of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Björn Egert
- Departments of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Paola G Ferrario
- Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Achim Bub
- Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Departments of Nutritional Behaviour, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bernhard Watzl
- Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Sabine E Kulling
- Departments of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany,Address correspondence to SEK (e-mail: )
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Ottaviani JI, Fong R, Kimball J, Ensunsa JL, Britten A, Lucarelli D, Luben R, Grace PB, Mawson DH, Tym A, Wierzbicki A, Khaw KT, Schroeter H, Kuhnle GGC. Evaluation at scale of microbiome-derived metabolites as biomarker of flavan-3-ol intake in epidemiological studies. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9859. [PMID: 29959422 PMCID: PMC6026136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate assessment of dietary intake is crucial to investigate the effect of diet on health. Currently used methods, relying on self-reporting and food composition data, are known to have limitations and might not be suitable to estimate the intake of many bioactive food components. An alternative are nutritional biomarkers, which can allow an unbiased assessment of intake. They require a careful evaluation of their suitability, including: (a) the availability of a precise, accurate and robust analytical method, (b) their specificity (c) a consistent relationship with actual intake. We have evaluated human metabolites of a microbiome-derived flavan-3-ol catabolite, 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-[gamma]-valerolactone (gVL), as biomarker of flavan-3-ol intake in large epidemiological studies. Flavan-3-ols are widely consumed plant bioactives, which have received considerable interest due to their potential ability to reduce CVD risk. The availability of authentic standards allowed the development of a validated high-throughput method suitable for large-scale studies. In dietary intervention studies, we could show that gVL metabolites are specific for flavan-3-ols present in tea, fruits, wine and cocoa-derived products, with a strong correlation between intake and biomarker (Spearman's r = 0.90). This biomarker will allow for the first time to estimate flavan-3-ol intake and further investigation of associations between intake and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Abigail Britten
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Amy Tym
- LGC, Newmarket Road, Fordham, UK
| | | | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Bixley GS, Clark KM, James AP. Skin colour predicts fruit and vegetable intake in young Caucasian men: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Dragsted LO, Gao Q, Scalbert A, Vergères G, Kolehmainen M, Manach C, Brennan L, Afman LA, Wishart DS, Andres Lacueva C, Garcia-Aloy M, Verhagen H, Feskens EJM, Praticò G. Validation of biomarkers of food intake-critical assessment of candidate biomarkers. GENES & NUTRITION 2018; 13:14. [PMID: 29861790 PMCID: PMC5975465 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) are a promising tool for limiting misclassification in nutrition research where more subjective dietary assessment instruments are used. They may also be used to assess compliance to dietary guidelines or to a dietary intervention. Biomarkers therefore hold promise for direct and objective measurement of food intake. However, the number of comprehensively validated biomarkers of food intake is limited to just a few. Many new candidate biomarkers emerge from metabolic profiling studies and from advances in food chemistry. Furthermore, candidate food intake biomarkers may also be identified based on extensive literature reviews such as described in the guidelines for Biomarker of Food Intake Reviews (BFIRev). To systematically and critically assess the validity of candidate biomarkers of food intake, it is necessary to outline and streamline an optimal and reproducible validation process. A consensus-based procedure was used to provide and evaluate a set of the most important criteria for systematic validation of BFIs. As a result, a validation procedure was developed including eight criteria, plausibility, dose-response, time-response, robustness, reliability, stability, analytical performance, and inter-laboratory reproducibility. The validation has a dual purpose: (1) to estimate the current level of validation of candidate biomarkers of food intake based on an objective and systematic approach and (2) to pinpoint which additional studies are needed to provide full validation of each candidate biomarker of food intake. This position paper on biomarker of food intake validation outlines the second step of the BFIRev procedure but may also be used as such for validation of new candidate biomarkers identified, e.g., in food metabolomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. O. Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Q. Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Biomarkers Group, Lyon, France
| | - G. Vergères
- Agroscope, Federal Office of Agriculture, Berne, Switzerland
| | | | - C. Manach
- INRA, Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, F63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L. Brennan
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L. A. Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - D. S. Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - C. Andres Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H. Verhagen
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
- University of Ulster, Coleraine, NIR UK
| | - E. J. M. Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G. Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Svendsen K, Henriksen HB, Østengen B, Jacobs DR, Telle-Hansen VH, Carlsen MH, Retterstøl K. Evaluation of a short Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess cardiovascular disease-related diet and lifestyle factors. Food Nutr Res 2018; 62:1370. [PMID: 29720928 PMCID: PMC5917418 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Vascular lifestyle-Intervention and Screening in phArmacies (VISA) study investigates diet and lifestyle factors associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). As part of the study methodology, a short Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the VISA-FFQ, was adapted from the Norwegian NORDIET-FFQ. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the VISA-FFQ and its ability to estimate intakes of foods and lifestyle factors in screening for elevated risk of CVD. The evaluation included assessment of relative validity of intake of milk fat and assessment of reproducibility of several foods and lifestyle factors. Design Relative validity of milk fat estimated from the VISA-FFQ was assessed in 307 participants by comparing estimated dietary intake of the fatty acids pentadecanoic acid (15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (17:0), from milk fat with whole blood biomarkers 15:0 and 17:0. Reproducibility was evaluated in 122 participants by comparing consistency in intakes of different foods and lifestyle factors reported by the VISA-FFQ and administered twice with a 4-week interval. Results Dietary 15:0 milk fat estimated from the VISA-FFQ correlated positively with whole blood 15:0 (r = 0.32, P < 0.05). Men presented higher correlations than women did. Acceptable and consistent reproducibility (r = 0.44–0.94 and no large difference between test and retest) was observed for most beverages, milk products, spreads on bread and meat (all of which included food items categorised into at least two fat categories) and also for eggs, fruits and vegetables, nuts, pasta and rice, dessert/sweets, smoking and physical activity. Reproducibility did not consistently meet a satisfactory standard (r ≤ 0.41 or large difference between test and retest) for unsweetened cereals, fatty fish, cakes, oils, white-, bread, crispbread and rice. Conclusion The validity of the VISA-FFQ was acceptable for intake of milk fat, and there was an overall satisfactory, though variable, reproducibility for intake of several foods and lifestyle factors in the VISA-FFQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karianne Svendsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege Berg Henriksen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beate Østengen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - Monica H Carlsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.,The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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35
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Praticò G, Gao Q, Scalbert A, Vergères G, Kolehmainen M, Manach C, Brennan L, Pedapati SH, Afman LA, Wishart DS, Vázquez-Fresno R, Andres-Lacueva C, Garcia-Aloy M, Verhagen H, Feskens EJM, Dragsted LO. Guidelines for Biomarker of Food Intake Reviews (BFIRev): how to conduct an extensive literature search for biomarker of food intake discovery. GENES & NUTRITION 2018; 13:3. [PMID: 29484030 PMCID: PMC5819202 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-018-0592-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Identification of new biomarkers of food and nutrient intake has developed fast over the past two decades and could potentially provide important new tools for compliance monitoring and dietary intake assessment in nutrition and health science. In recent years, metabolomics has played an important role in identifying a large number of putative biomarkers of food intake (BFIs). However, the large body of scientific literature on potential BFIs outside the metabolomics area should also be taken into account. In particular, we believe that extensive literature reviews should be conducted and that the quality of all suggested biomarkers should be systematically evaluated. In order to cover the literature on BFIs in the most appropriate and consistent manner, there is a need for appropriate guidelines on this topic. These guidelines should build upon guidelines in related areas of science while targeting the special needs of biomarker methodology. This document provides a guideline for conducting an extensive literature search on BFIs, which will provide the basis to systematically validate BFIs. This procedure will help to prioritize future work on the identification of new potential biomarkers and on validating these as well as other biomarker candidates, thereby providing better tools for future studies in nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Praticò
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Guy Vergères
- Agroscope, Federal Office of Agriculture, Berne, Switzerland
| | | | - Claudine Manach
- INRA, Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, F63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD, Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sri Harsha Pedapati
- UCD, Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lydia A. Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - David S. Wishart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hans Verhagen
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
- University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland UK
| | | | - Lars O. Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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36
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Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10010083. [PMID: 29342863 PMCID: PMC5793311 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) is an emerging approach to assess beverage pattern quality. HBI total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to proposed beverage recommendations. However, assessing patterns is resource-intensive due to the need for extensive dietary data, typically 24-h dietary records or recalls. The BEVQ-15, a beverage intake questionnaire, may be used as an alternative method to rapidly measure HBI scores. The objective of this cross-sectional investigation is to assess the comparative validity of the HBI-Q, a method to rapidly assess HBI scores via the BEVQ-15, as compared to the traditional method of deriving HBI scores via dietary recalls/records. Between 2012 and 2016, a cross-sectional sample of adults in southwest Virginia completed three 24-h dietary recalls (30-60 min administration and analysis time per recall) and the BEVQ-15 (3-4 min administration time). HBI scores were generated by both methods, and compared via paired-samples t-tests, correlations, and Bland-Altman analysis. Among 404 adults (mean age = 40 years), total mean HBI scores were 63.7 from the HBI-Q and 67.3 from the recalls (mean difference = 3.6 out of 100; r = 0.63; both p ≤ 0.001). Agreement between the two methods for total HBI scores via Bland-Altman plots was 92%. Using the HBI-Q to rapidly assess HBI scores in adults will increase the utility of the HBI by decreasing the time and resources required, thus allowing researchers and practitioners to provide targeted feedback for improvement.
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Hilger-Kolb J, Bosle C, Motoc I, Hoffmann K. Associations between dietary factors and obesity-related biomarkers in healthy children and adolescents - a systematic review. Nutr J 2017; 16:85. [PMID: 29282082 PMCID: PMC5745631 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-017-0300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The obesity prevalence in children and adolescents has increased worldwide during the past 30 years. Although diet has been identified as one risk factor for developing obesity in this age group, the role of specific dietary factors is still unclear. One way to gain insight into the role of these factors might be to detect biomarkers that reflect metabolic health and to identify the associations between dietary factors and these biomarkers. This would enable nutrition-related metabolic changes to be detected early in life, which might be a promising strategy to prevent childhood obesity. However, existing literature offers only inconclusive evidence for diet and some of these obesity-related biomarkers (e.g., blood lipids). We thus conducted a systematic literature review to further examine eligible studies that investigate associations between dietary factors and 12 obesity-related biomarkers in healthy children and adolescents aged 3-18 years. Methods We searched the scientific databases PubMed/Medline and Web of Science Core Collection for potentially eligible articles. Our final literature search resulted in 2727 hits. After the selection process, we included 81 articles that reported on 1111 single observations on dietary factors and any of the obesity-related biomarkers. Results Around 81% of the total observations showed nonsignificant results. For many biomarkers we did not find enough observations to draw clear conclusions on possible associations between a dietary factor and the respective biomarker. In cases where we identified enough observations, the results were contradictory. Since these nonsignificant and inconclusive findings may impede the development of effective strategies against childhood obesity, this article takes a closer look at possible reasons for such findings. In addition, it provides action points for future research efforts. Conclusions In conclusion, current evidence on associations between dietary factors and obesity-related biomarkers is inconclusive. We thus provided an overview on which specific limitations may impede current research. Such knowledge is necessary to enable future research efforts to better elucidate the role of diet in the early stages of obesity development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-017-0300-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hilger-Kolb
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Catherin Bosle
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Irina Motoc
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kristina Hoffmann
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the estimated habitual dietary intake from a newly developed web-based FFQ (WebFFQ), for use in an adult population in Norway. In total, ninety-two individuals were recruited. Total energy expenditure (TEE) measured by doubly labelled water was used as the reference method for energy intake (EI) in a subsample of twenty-nine women, and multiple 24-h recalls (24HR) were used as the reference method for the relative validation of macronutrients and food groups in the entire sample. Absolute differences, ratios, crude and deattenuated correlations, cross-classifications, Bland-Altman plot and plots between misreporting of EI (EI-TEE) and the relative misreporting of food groups (WebFFQ-24HR) were used to assess the validity. Results showed that EI on group level was not significantly different from TEE measured by doubly labelled water (0·7 MJ/d), but ranking abilities were poor (r -0·18). The relative validation showed an overestimation for the majority of the variables using absolute intakes, especially for the food groups 'vegetables' and 'fish and shellfish', but an improved agreement between the test and reference tool was observed for energy adjusted intakes. Deattenuated correlation coefficients were between 0·22 and 0·89, and low levels of grossly misclassified individuals (0-3 %) were observed for the majority of the energy adjusted variables for macronutrients and food groups. In conclusion, energy estimates from the WebFFQ should be used with caution, but the estimated absolute intakes on group level and ranking abilities seem acceptable for macronutrients and most food groups.
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Kuhnle GGC. Nutrition epidemiology of flavan-3-ols: The known unknowns. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 61:2-11. [PMID: 29146101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiology has an important role, as it can provide long-term data from large populations and does not rely on surrogate markers for morbidity/mortality. Meaningful interpretation and applications of outcomes from epidemiological studies depend on the accurate assessment of dietary intake, which is currently mainly based on a combination of self-reporting and food composition data. Flavan-3-ols are a group of bioactives (non-essential dietary components with significant impact on health) that is a possible candidate for the development of dietary recommendations. The breadth of data available on their effect on health also provides the basis for investigating the suitability of the methods currently used in nutritional epidemiology to assess the health effects of bioactives. The outcomes of this assessment demonstrate that the limitations of currently used methods make it virtually impossible to estimate intake accurately from self-reported dietary data. This is due to the limitations of self-reporting, especially from food-frequency questionnaires, and the inability of currently used methods to deal with the high variability of food composition. Indeed, the estimated intake of flavan-3-ols, can only be interpreted as a marker of specific dietary patterns, but not as the actual intake amount. The interpretation of results from such studies are fraught with serious limitations, especially for establishing associations between intake and health and the development of dietary recommendations. Alternative assessment not affected by these limitations, such as biomarkers, are required to overcome these limitations. The development of nutritional biomarkers is therefore crucial to investigate the health effect of bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter G C Kuhnle
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Harry Nursten Building, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UR, United Kingdom.
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40
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Cade JE, Warthon-Medina M, Albar S, Alwan NA, Ness A, Roe M, Wark PA, Greathead K, Burley VJ, Finglas P, Johnson L, Page P, Roberts K, Steer T, Hooson J, Greenwood DC, Robinson S. DIET@NET: Best Practice Guidelines for dietary assessment in health research. BMC Med 2017; 15:202. [PMID: 29137630 PMCID: PMC5686956 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary assessment is complex, and strategies to select the most appropriate dietary assessment tool (DAT) in epidemiological research are needed. The DIETary Assessment Tool NETwork (DIET@NET) aimed to establish expert consensus on Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) for dietary assessment using self-report. METHODS The BPGs were developed using the Delphi technique. Two Delphi rounds were conducted. A total of 131 experts were invited, and of these 65 accepted, with 48 completing Delphi round I and 51 completing Delphi round II. In all, a total of 57 experts from North America, Europe, Asia and Australia commented on the 47 suggested guidelines. RESULTS Forty-three guidelines were generated, grouped into the following four stages: Stage I. Define what is to be measured in terms of dietary intake (what? who? and when?); Stage II. Investigate different types of DATs; Stage III. Evaluate existing tools to select the most appropriate DAT by evaluating published validation studies; Stage IV. Think through the implementation of the chosen DAT and consider sources of potential biases. CONCLUSIONS The Delphi technique consolidated expert views on best practice in assessing dietary intake. The BPGs provide a valuable guide for health researchers to choose the most appropriate dietary assessment method for their studies. These guidelines will be accessible through the Nutritools website, www.nutritools.org .
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Marisol Warthon-Medina
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Salwa Albar
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 42807, 21551, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisreen A Alwan
- Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew Ness
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Mark Roe
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Petra A Wark
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.,Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Katharine Greathead
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Victoria J Burley
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Paul Finglas
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Polly Page
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK
| | - Katharine Roberts
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.,Public Health England, London, SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Toni Steer
- MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK
| | - Jozef Hooson
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sian Robinson
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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41
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Hörnell A, Berg C, Forsum E, Larsson C, Sonestedt E, Åkesson A, Lachat C, Hawwash D, Kolsteren P, Byrnes G, De Keyzer W, Van Camp J, Cade JE, Greenwood DC, Slimani N, Cevallos M, Egger M, Huybrechts I, Wirfält E. Perspective: An Extension of the STROBE Statement for Observational Studies in Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut): Explanation and Elaboration. Adv Nutr 2017; 8:652-678. [PMID: 28916567 PMCID: PMC5593101 DOI: 10.3945/an.117.015941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiology is an inherently complex and multifaceted research area. Dietary intake is a complex exposure and is challenging to describe and assess, and links between diet, health, and disease are difficult to ascertain. Consequently, adequate reporting is necessary to facilitate comprehension, interpretation, and generalizability of results and conclusions. The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement is an international and collaborative initiative aiming to enhance the quality of reporting of observational studies. We previously presented a checklist of 24 reporting recommendations for the field of nutritional epidemiology, called "the STROBE-nut." The STROBE-nut is an extension of the general STROBE statement, intended to complement the STROBE recommendations to improve and standardize the reporting in nutritional epidemiology. The aim of the present article is to explain the rationale for, and elaborate on, the STROBE-nut recommendations to enhance the clarity and to facilitate the understanding of the guidelines. Examples from the published literature are used as illustrations, and references are provided for further reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Hörnell
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christina Berg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Forsum
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christel Larsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dana Hawwash
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kolsteren
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Willem De Keyzer
- Department of Biosciences and Food Sciences, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Janet E Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, and
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Biostatistics Unit, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Myriam Cevallos
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabet Wirfält
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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42
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Pande S, Kratasyuk VA, Medvedeva NN, Kolenchukova OA, Salmina AB. Nutritional biomarkers: Current view and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:3055-3069. [PMID: 28678523 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1350136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a poor relationship between nutrient intake and existing nutritional biomarkers due to variety of factors affecting their sensitivity and specificity. To explore the impact of nutrients at molecular level and devising a sensitive biomarker, proteomics is a central technology with sirtuins as one of the most promising nutritional biomarker. Sirtuins (seven mammalian sirtuins reported so far) have been reported to perform protein deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases activity. It is distributed in different cellular compartments thereby controlling several metabolic processes. Sirtuins are oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent, which implicates a direct effect of the metabolic state of the cell on its activity. Calorie restriction upregulates the mammalian sirtuin protein levels in variety of tissues and organs where it acts upon both histone and nonhistone substrates. Sirtuin senses nutrient availability and impacts gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and insulin sensitivity. It deacetylates and inhibits the nuclear receptor that activates fat synthesis and adipogenesis in the body, leading to fat loss and bringing favorable cellular and health changes. Sirtuins mediates intracellular response that promotes cell survival, DNA damage repair thereby increasing the cell longitivity. The activation of sirtuins brings a wide spectrum of other health benefits and its activity levels are indicative of nutritional status as well as disease progression in cancer, inflammation, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and viral infections. There are several foods that activate sirtuin activity and offer significant health benefits by their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Pande
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Valentina A Kratasyuk
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,c Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of RAS" , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Medvedeva
- b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Oxana A Kolenchukova
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,d Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Scientific Research Institute of medical problems of the North" , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
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43
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Noh H, Freisling H, Assi N, Zamora-Ros R, Achaintre D, Affret A, Mancini F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Flögel A, Boeing H, Kühn T, Schübel R, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Kritikou M, Palli D, Pala V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Santucci de Magistris M, Cross A, Slimani N, Scalbert A, Ferrari P. Identification of Urinary Polyphenol Metabolite Patterns Associated with Polyphenol-Rich Food Intake in Adults from Four European Countries. Nutrients 2017; 9:E796. [PMID: 28757581 PMCID: PMC5579590 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified urinary polyphenol metabolite patterns by a novel algorithm that combines dimension reduction and variable selection methods to explain polyphenol-rich food intake, and compared their respective performance with that of single biomarkers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The study included 475 adults from four European countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Greece). Dietary intakes were assessed with 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) and dietary questionnaires (DQ). Thirty-four polyphenols were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS-MS) in 24-h urine. Reduced rank regression-based variable importance in projection (RRR-VIP) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods were used to select polyphenol metabolites. Reduced rank regression (RRR) was then used to identify patterns in these metabolites, maximizing the explained variability in intake of pre-selected polyphenol-rich foods. The performance of RRR models was evaluated using internal cross-validation to control for over-optimistic findings from over-fitting. High performance was observed for explaining recent intake (24-HDR) of red wine (r = 0.65; AUC = 89.1%), coffee (r = 0.51; AUC = 89.1%), and olives (r = 0.35; AUC = 82.2%). These metabolite patterns performed better or equally well compared to single polyphenol biomarkers. Neither metabolite patterns nor single biomarkers performed well in explaining habitual intake (as reported in the DQ) of polyphenol-rich foods. This proposed strategy of biomarker pattern identification has the potential of expanding the currently still limited list of available dietary intake biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoung Noh
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Heinz Freisling
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Nada Assi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Achaintre
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Aurélie Affret
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Le Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Population (CESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 94800 Villejuif, France.
- Gustave Roussy, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Anna Flögel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ruth Schübel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Antonia Trichopoulou
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 157 72 Athens, Greece.
| | - Androniki Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
- WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 157 72 Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P.Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, 97100 Ragusa, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Amanda Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Nadia Slimani
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
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44
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Logue C, Dowey LRC, Strain JJ, Verhagen H, McClean S, Gallagher AM. Application of Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry To Determine Urinary Concentrations of Five Commonly Used Low-Calorie Sweeteners: A Novel Biomarker Approach for Assessing Recent Intakes? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4516-4525. [PMID: 28506059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the use of low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) is widespread, methods of assessing consumption within free-living populations have inherent limitations. Five commonly consumed LCSs, namely, acesulfame-K, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate, and steviol glycosides, are excreted via the urine, and therefore a urinary biomarker approach may provide more objective LCS intake data. A LC-ESI-MS/MS method of simultaneously determining acesulfame-K, saccharin, sucralose, cyclamate, and the excretory metabolite of steviol glycosides, steviol glucuronide, in human urine was developed and validated. Linearity was observed over a concentration range of 10-1000 ng/mL with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.9969 to 0.9997. Accuracy ranged from 92 to 104%, and intrabatch and interday precisions were within acceptable limits with %CV below 8% for all compounds. A double-blind, randomized crossover dose-response study was conducted to assess the usefulness of urinary LCS excretions (from both fasting spot and a full 24-h urine collection) for investigating recent intakes. Both modes of sampling were useful for distinguishing between the three short-term intakes of acesulfame-K, saccharin, cyclamates, and steviol glycosides (p < 0.001), whereas for sucralose, urinary concentrations were useful for distinguishing between low (0.1% ADI) and high doses (10% ADI) only (p < 0.001). In summary, this biomarker approach may be useful for assessing intakes of five commonly consumed LCSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caomhan Logue
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
| | - Le Roy C Dowey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
| | - Hans Verhagen
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) , Parma, Italy
| | - Stephen McClean
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
| | - Alison M Gallagher
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University , Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA
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45
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Hedrick VE, Davy BM, You W, Porter KJ, Estabrooks PA, Zoellner JM. Dietary quality changes in response to a sugar-sweetened beverage-reduction intervention: results from the Talking Health randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:824-833. [PMID: 28251935 PMCID: PMC5366048 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.144543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The reduction of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake may be beneficial for weight management and other related health conditions; however, to our knowledge, no data exist regarding the spontaneous changes in other dietary components or the overall dietary quality after an SSB-reduction intervention.Objectives: We explored longitudinal changes within and between an SSB-reduction intervention (SIPsmartER) and a physical activity intervention (MoveMore) with respect to spontaneous changes in 1) energy intake and macronutrients and micronutrients, 2) dietary quality [Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI)], and 3) beverage categories.Design: Participants were enrolled in a 6-mo, community-based behavioral trial and randomly assigned into either the SIPsmartER (n = 149) intervention group or the MoveMore (n = 143) matched-contact comparison group. Dietary intake was assessed through a mean of three 24-h dietary recalls at baseline and 6 mo. Dietary recalls were analyzed with the use of nutritional analysis software. A multilevel, mixed-effects linear regression with intention-to-treat analyses is presented.Results: SIPsmartER participants showed a significant reduction in total SSBs (mean decrease: -366 mL; P ≤ 0.001). Several spontaneous changes occurred within the SIPsmartER group and, compared with the MoveMore group, included significant HEI improvements for empty calorie, total vegetable, and total HEI scores (mean increases: 2.6, 0.3, and 2.6, respectively; all P ≤ 0.01). Additional positive changes were shown, including significant decreases in total energy intake, trans fat, added sugars, and total beverage energy (all P ≤ 0.05). Few dietary changes were noted in the MoveMore group over the 6-mo intervention.Conclusions: Intervention of the single dietary component SSB resulted in additional spontaneous and beneficial dietary changes. Interventions that target a single dietary change, such as limiting SSB intake to <240 mL/d (<8 fl oz/d), may improve the overall dietary quality health and provide motivation to make additional dietary changes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02193009.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda M Davy
- Departments of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise and
| | - Wen You
- Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA; and
| | | | - Paul A Estabrooks
- Department of Health Promotion, Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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46
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Abstract
A high intake of fruit and vegetables (FV) has been associated with reduced risk of a number of chronic diseases, including CVD. The aim of this review is to describe the potential use of biomarkers to assess FV intake. Traditional methods of assessing FV intake have limitations, and this is likely to impact on observed associations with disease outcomes and markers of disease risk. Nutritional biomarkers may offer a more objective and reliable method of assessing dietary FV intake. Some single blood biomarkers, such as plasma vitamin C and serum carotenoids, are well established as indicators of FV intake. Combining potential biomarkers of intake may more accurately predict overall FV intake within intervention studies than the use of any single biomarker. Another promising approach is metabolomic analysis of biological fluids using untargeted approaches to identify potential new biomarkers of FV intake. Using biomarkers to measure FV intake may improve the accuracy of dietary assessment.
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47
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O’Gorman A, Gibbons H, Ryan MF, Gibney ER, Gibney MJ, Frost GS, Roche HM, Brennan L. Exploring the Links between Diet and Health in an Irish Cohort: A Lipidomic Approach. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1280-1287. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoife O’Gorman
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Helena Gibbons
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Miriam F. Ryan
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eileen R. Gibney
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Gibney
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gary S. Frost
- Department
of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M. Roche
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical
Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute
of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Nutrigenomics
Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical
Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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48
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Brignardello J, Holmes E, Garcia-Perez I. Metabolic Phenotyping of Diet and Dietary Intake. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2017; 81:231-270. [PMID: 28317606 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition provides the building blocks for growth, repair, and maintenance of the body and is key to maintaining health. Exposure to fast foods, mass production of dietary components, and wider importation of goods have challenged the balance between diet and health in recent decades, and both scientists and clinicians struggle to characterize the relationship between this changing dietary landscape and human metabolism with its consequent impact on health. Metabolic phenotyping of foods, using high-density data-generating technologies to profile the biochemical composition of foods, meals, and human samples (pre- and postfood intake), can be used to map the complex interaction between the diet and human metabolism and also to assess food quality and safety. Here, we outline some of the techniques currently used for metabolic phenotyping and describe key applications in the food sciences, ending with a broad outlook at some of the newer technologies in the field with a view to exploring their potential to address some of the critical challenges in nutritional science.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Brignardello
- Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Holmes
- Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Garcia-Perez
- Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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49
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Precision nutrition - review of methods for point-of-care assessment of nutritional status. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 44:103-108. [PMID: 28043002 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Precision nutrition encompasses prevention and treatment strategies for optimizing health that consider individual variability in diet, lifestyle, environment and genes by accurately determining an individual's nutritional status. This is particularly important as malnutrition now affects a third of the global population, with most of those affected or their care providers having limited means of determining their nutritional status. Similarly, program implementers often have no way of determining the impact or success of their interventions, thus hindering their scale-up. Exciting new developments in the area of point-of-care diagnostics promise to provide improved access to nutritional status assessment, as a first step towards enabling precision nutrition and tailored interventions at both the individual and community levels. In this review, we focus on the current advances in developing portable diagnostics for assessment of nutritional status at point-of-care, along with the numerous design challenges in this process and potential solutions.
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50
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The Impact of Health Literacy Status on the Comparative Validity and Sensitivity of an Interactive Multimedia Beverage Intake Questionnaire. Nutrients 2016; 9:nu9010005. [PMID: 28025538 PMCID: PMC5295049 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-reported dietary assessment methods can be challenging to validate, and reporting errors for those with lower health literacy (HL) may be augmented. Interactive multimedia (IMM) based questionnaires could help overcome these limitations. The objectives of this investigation are to assess the comparative validity and sensitivity to change of an IMM beverage intake questionnaire (IMM-BEVQ) as compared to dietary recalls and determine the impact of HL. Adults completed three 24-h dietary recalls and the IMM-BEVQ at baseline and after a six-month intervention targeting either sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) or physical activity. Correlations and paired-samples t-tests are presented. For validity (n = 273), intake of SSB (mean difference = 10.6 fl oz) and total beverage consumption (mean difference = 16.0 fl oz) were significantly different (p ≤ 0.001) at baseline between the IMM-BEVQ and dietary recalls for all participants. However, the differences in intake were generally greater in low HL participants than in adequate HL participants. For sensitivity (n = 162), change in SSB intake (mean difference = 7.2 fl oz) was significantly different (p ≤ 0.01) between pre-/post-IMM-BEVQ and pre-/post-dietary recalls, but not total beverage intake (mean difference = 7.6 fl oz) for all participants. Changes in SSB and total beverage intake were not significantly different for those with adequate HL. The IMM-BEVQ is a valid dietary assessment tool that is as responsive to detecting changes in beverage intake as dietary recalls. However, adults with lower HL may need additional guidance when completing the IMM-BEVQ.
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