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Karaca Çelik KE, Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Uçar N, Soriano JM, İnce Palamutoğlu M, Baş M, Toprak D, Hajhamidiasl L, Erol Doğan Ö, Doğan M. Obesity prevalence, nutritional status, and physical activity levels in Turkish adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1438054. [PMID: 39166134 PMCID: PMC11333310 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1438054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although nutritional status is influenced by multidimensional aspects encompassing physical factors, there is limited research on this complex relationship. Objectives This study aimed to examine the interaction between physical activity level indicators and the nutritional status of adults in Türkiye. Methods A total of 3,970 individuals aged 18 years or older, residing in Afyonkarahisar (Türkiye), participated in this study. Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with a questionnaire, using simple random sampling among adults. One-day food consumption was recorded using a 24-h dietary recall (24HDR). Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results This study comprised 3,970 participants: 2,087 (52.57%) men and 1,883 (47.42%) women. Among them, 32.64% smoked cigarettes, and 8.72% consumed alcohol. About 40% of adults were overweight, and 16.33% were obese. All participants had inadequate intake levels of potassium, calcium, and iron when compared to the recommended amounts. Physical activity levels showed a weak positive correlation with dietary energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, and cholesterol, and a weak negative correlation with age, waist-to-hip ratio, and BMI of participants. Conclusion This study provides insights into the importance of addressing both physical activity and nutritional status. It was found that the weekly duration of physical activity for women was lower than for men. As a result of the nutritional status evaluation, it was found that the daily energy intake of men was higher than that of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezban Esen Karaca Çelik
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazlı Uçar
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jose M. Soriano
- Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, Paterna, Spain
| | - Merve İnce Palamutoğlu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Murat Baş
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Toprak
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Atlas University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ladan Hajhamidiasl
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özge Erol Doğan
- Department of Healthcare Services Ardahan, Vocation School of Healthcare Services, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Türkiye
| | - Mert Doğan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
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Biswas A, Chen C, Dobson KG, Prince SA, Shahidi FV, Smith PM, Fuller D. Identifying the sociodemographic and work-related factors related to workers' daily physical activity using a decision tree approach. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1853. [PMID: 37741965 PMCID: PMC10517528 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social and behavioural factors related to physical activity among adults are well known. Despite the overlapping nature of these factors, few studies have examined how multiple predictors of physical activity interact. This study aimed to identify the relative importance of multiple interacting sociodemographic and work-related factors associated with the daily physical activity patterns of a population-based sample of workers. METHODS Sociodemographic, work, screen time, and health variables were obtained from five, repeated cross-sectional cohorts of workers from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2017). Classification and Regression Tree (CART) modelling was used to identify the discriminators associated with six daily physical activity patterns. The performance of the CART approach was compared to a stepwise multinomial logistic regression model. RESULTS Among the 8,909 workers analysed, the most important CART discriminators of daily physical activity patterns were age, job skill, and physical strength requirements of the job. Other important factors included participants' sex, educational attainment, fruit/vegetable intake, industry, work hours, marital status, having a child living at home, computer time, and household income. The CART tree had moderate classification accuracy and performed marginally better than the stepwise multinomial logistic regression model. CONCLUSION Age and work-related factors-particularly job skill, and physical strength requirements at work-appeared as the most important factors related to physical activity attainment, and differed based on sex, work hours, and industry. Delineating the hierarchy of factors associated with daily physical activity may assist in targeting preventive strategies aimed at promoting physical activity in workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviroop Biswas
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G1S5, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Cynthia Chen
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G1S5, Canada
| | - Kathleen G Dobson
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G1S5, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Prince
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Faraz Vahid Shahidi
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G1S5, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Suite 1800, Toronto, ON, M5G1S5, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Latifi M, Estebsari F, Abbasi M, Nejad MS. Gender and Physical Activity: What We Can Learn from The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion? J Lifestyle Med 2023; 13:119-122. [PMID: 37970325 PMCID: PMC10630723 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2023.13.2.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for non-communicable disease. This study used the Ottawa Charter as a framework to explore responses for low physical activity caused by gender inequity. The researchers examined factors related to physical activity in women based on Ottawa Charter strategies. Promote the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of women about health issues, as well as work in socio-demographic factors as social support. The community level corresponds to the physical settings that affect physical activity. Lack of suitable places and facilities, absence of walking paths, neighborhood hazards, insufficient sports campaigns for women, shortage of government financial support for female athletes, and religious legislation in Islamic countries are the barriers to ensure physical activity in women. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the relevant advantages of physical activity in women across the Ottawa Charter declaration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Latifi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fathemeh Estebsari
- Operating Room & Anesthesia Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Abbasi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzeyeh Soleymani Nejad
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gildea GC, Spence RR, Jones TL, Turner JC, Macdonald ER, Hayes SC, Sandler CX. Barriers, facilitators, perceptions and preferences influencing physical activity participation, and the similarities and differences between cancer types and treatment stages - A systematic rapid review. Prev Med Rep 2023; 34:102255. [PMID: 37273528 PMCID: PMC10236469 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic rapid review was to explore barriers, facilitators, perceptions and preferences of physical activity for people diagnosed with cancer, by cancer type and treatment stage. The search strategy, implemented through four databases, included terms relating to cancer, physical activity, barriers, facilitators, perceptions and preferences, and relevant study designs. Studies reporting the outcomes of interests for adults diagnosed with cancer and living in Western countries were included and grouped according to the Social-Ecological Model and the Health Belief Model, and pragmatically. A total of 118 studies, involving 15 cancers were included. Outcomes were most commonly explored within samples involving mixed cancers (32 studies) and breast cancer (31 studies), and at the post-treatment phase (52 studies). Across all cancers and during- and post-treatment, treatment- and disease-related side-effects were the most commonly identified barrier, social support and guidance was the most commonly identified facilitator, and promoting health and recovery was the most commonly identified perception of benefit of physical activity. Notable differences were identified in barriers, facilitators and perceptions across cancer types and treatment stages, with specific examples including: comorbidities were inconsistently reported as a barrier across cancers; time pressure was more commonly reported as a barrier post-treatment; and women with breast cancer reported inaccessibility of appropriate services more commonly during-treatment than post-treatment. Preference findings varied widely across cancer types and treatment phases. These findings can be used to aid efforts to improve physical activity levels post-cancer by providing healthcare professionals with information to facilitate individualised advice and services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle C. Gildea
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health Science and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rosalind R. Spence
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health Science and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tamara L. Jones
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jemma C. Turner
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eliza R. Macdonald
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Health Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra C. Hayes
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health Science and Social Work, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carolina X. Sandler
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mariani M, Pastorino R, Pires Marafon D, Johnson KC, Hu J, Molina de la Torre AJ, Fernández-Tardón G, Zaridze D, Maximovich D, Negri E, La Vecchia C, Zhang ZF, Kurtz RC, Pelucchi C, Rota M, Boccia S. Leisure-time physical activity and gastric cancer risk: A pooled study within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286958. [PMID: 37437057 PMCID: PMC10337950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical activity (PA) has been recognized as a favourable factor in the prevention of various diseases, including certain forms of cancer, the relationship between PA and gastric cancer (GC) is not yet fully understood. This study aims to provide data from a pooled analysis of case-control studies within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project to estimate the association between leisure-time PA and the occurrence of GC. METHODS Six case-control studies from StoP project collected data on leisure-time PA, for a total of 2,343 cases and 8,614 controls. Subjects were classified into three leisure-time PA categories, either none/low, intermediate or high, based on study-specific tertiles. We used a two-stage approach. Firstly, we applied multivariable logistic regression models to obtain study-specific odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) then, we used a random-effect models to obtain pooled effect estimates. We performed stratified analyses according to demographic, lifestyle and clinical covariates. RESULTS The meta-analysis showed ORs of GC with no significant differences between intermediate vs low and high vs low PA level (OR 1.05 [95%CI 0.76-1.45]; OR 1.23 [95%CI 0.78-1.94], respectively). GC risk estimates did not strongly differ across strata of selected covariates except for age ≤ 55 years old (high vs low level: OR 0.72 [95%CI 0.55-0.94]) and for control population-based studies (high vs low level: OR 0.79 [95%CI 0.68-0.93]). CONCLUSIONS No association was found between leisure time PA and GC, apart from a slight suggestion of decreased risk below age 55 and in control population-based studies. These results may reflect specific characteristics of GC at a younger age, or the presence of a cohort effect mediating and interacting with socioeconomic determinants of GC The different distribution of PA levels among hospitalized controls could have led to an underestimated effect of PA on GC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mariani
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Denise Pires Marafon
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ken C. Johnson
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Medicine University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jinfu Hu
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Antonio Jose Molina de la Torre
- Biomedicine Institute (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, ISPA and IUOPA, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N.Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Maximovich
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N.Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Claudio Pelucchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Rota
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Ma X, Zhang S, Zhu M, Wu T, He M, Cui H. Non-commuting intentions during COVID-19 in Nanjing, China: A hybrid latent class modeling approach. CITIES (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 137:104341. [PMID: 37132012 PMCID: PMC10140732 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-commuting travel is essential for people to meet daily demands and regulate mental health, which is greatly disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To explore non-commuting intentions during COVID-19 across different groups of residents, this paper uses online survey data in Nanjing and constructs a hybrid latent class choice model that combines sociodemographic characteristics and psychological factors. Results showed that the respondents can be divided into two groups: the "cautious" group versus the "fearless" group. The "cautious" group with lower willingness to travel tend to be older, higher-income, higher-educated, female and full-time employees. Furthermore, the "cautious" group with higher perceived susceptibility is more obedient to government policies. In contrast, the "fearless" group is significantly affected by perceived severity and is more inclined to turn to personal protection against the pandemic. These results suggested that non-commuting trips were influenced not only by individual characteristics but also by psychological factors. Finally, the paper provides implications for the government to formulate COVID-19 management measures for the heterogeneity of different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Ma
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Minqing Zhu
- School of Architecture and Art Design, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Mental Health Education Center, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Mingjia He
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technology University of Delft, 2600 AA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Hongjun Cui
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
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7
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Kim C, Jin H, Dusing GJ. Employment conditions and leisure-time physical activity among korean workers: a longitudinal study (2009-2019). BMC Public Health 2023; 23:955. [PMID: 37231483 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employment conditions may affect individuals' leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). We aimed to examine the relationship between changes in working and employment conditions and LTPA among working-age populations in South Korea from 2009 to 2019. METHODS A cohort of 6,553 men and 5,124 women aged 19-64 years was analyzed using linear individual-level fixed-effects regressions to examine changes in working and employment conditions with changes in LTPA. RESULTS Reduced working hours, labor union membership, and part-time work were associated with increased LTPA for both sexes. Manual labor and self-reported precarious work were associated with reduced LTPA. The longitudinal relationship between employment conditions and LTPA was clear in men, but less apparent in women. CONCLUSIONS Changes in working and employment conditions had longitudinal associations with changes in LTPA among working-age Koreans. Future research should examine changing employment conditions and their effect on LTPA, particularly among women and manual/precarious workers. These results could inform effective planning and interventions to increase LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungah Kim
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toront, Canada
| | - Hyunju Jin
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
- Seoul National University Institute of Sport Science, Seoul, South Korea.
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Khoramrooz M, Zare F, Sadeghian F, Dadgari A, Chaman R, Mirrezaie SM. Socioeconomic inequalities in employees' health-enhancing physical activity: Evidence from the SHAHWAR cohort study in Iran. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285620. [PMID: 37186583 PMCID: PMC10184902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing level of physical activity (PA) among working population is of particular importance, because of the high return of investment on employees' PA. This study was aimed to investigate socioeconomic inequalities in Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (HEPA) among employees of a Medical Sciences University in Iran. METHODS Data were extracted from the SHAHWAR Cohort study in Iran. Concentration index (C) and Wagstaff decomposition techniques were applied to determine socioeconomic inequality in the study outcomes and its contributors, respectively. RESULTS Nearly half of the university employees (44.6%) had poor HEPA, and employees with high socioeconomic status (SES) suffered more from it (C = 0.109; 95% CI: 0.075, 0.143). Also, we found while poor work-related PA (C = 0.175; 95% CI: 0.142, 0.209) and poor transport-related PA (C = 0.081, 95% CI: 0.047, 0.115) were more concentrated among high-SES employees, low-SES employees more affected by the poor PA at leisure time (C = -0.180; 95% CI: -0.213, -0.146). Shift working, and having higher SES and subjective social status were the main factors that positively contributed to the measured inequality in employees' poor HEPA by 33%, 31.7%, and 29%, respectively, whereas, having a married life had a negative contribution of -39.1%. The measured inequality in poor leisure-time PA was mainly attributable to SES, having a married life, urban residency, and female gender by 58.1%, 32.5%, 28.5%, and -32.6%, respectively. SES, urban residency, shift working, and female gender, with the contributions of 42%, 33.5%, 21.6%, and -17.3%, respectively, were the main contributors of poor work-related PA inequality. Urban residency, having a married life, SES, and subjective social status mainly contributed to the inequality of poor transport-related PA by 82.9%, -58.7%, 36.3%, and 33.5%, respectively, followed by using a personal car (12.3%) and female gender (11.3%). CONCLUSIONS To reduce the measured inequalities in employees' PA, workplace health promotion programs should aim to educate and support male, urban resident, high-SES, high-social-class, and non-shift work employees to increase their PA at workplace, and female, married, rural resident, and low-SES employees to increase their leisure-time PA. Active transportation can be promoted among female, married, urban resident, high-SES, and high-social-class employees and those use a personal car.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoramrooz
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fariba Zare
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Sadeghian
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Dadgari
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Reza Chaman
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mirrezaie
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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9
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Baek SU, Lee WT, Kim MS, Lim MH, Yoon JH, Won JU. Association between long working hours and physical inactivity in middle-aged and older adults: a Korean longitudinal study (2006-2020). J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:355-361. [PMID: 37028925 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-220129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated associations for long working hours in relation to physical inactivity and high-level physical activity among middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Our study included 5402 participants and 21 595 observations from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006-2020). Logistic mixed models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Physical inactivity was defined as not engaging in any type of physical activity, while high-level physical activity was defined as engaging in ≥150 min per week of physical activity. RESULTS Working >40 hours weekly was positively related to physical inactivity (OR (95% CI) 1.48 (1.35 to 1.61)) and negatively related to high-level physical activity (0.72 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.79)). Exposure to long working hours consecutively for ≥3 waves was associated with the highest OR for physical inactivity (1.62 (95% CI 1.42 to 1.85)) and the lowest OR for high-level physical activity (0.71 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.82)). Furthermore, compared with persistent short working hours (≤40 hours → ≤40 hours), long working hours in a previous wave (>40 hours → ≤40 hours) were associated with a higher OR of physical inactivity (1.28 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.49)). Exposure to an increase in working hours (≤40 hours → >40 hours) was also associated with a higher OR of physical inactivity (1.53 (95% CI 1.29 to 1.82)). CONCLUSION We found that having working long hours was associated with a higher risk of physical inactivity and a lower likelihood of high-level physical activity. Moreover, accumulation of long working hours was associated with a higher risk of physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Uk Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Won-Tae Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myeong-Hun Lim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
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Kinnunen U, Mäkikangas A. Longitudinal Profiles of Recovery-Enhancing Processes: Job-Related Antecedents and Well-Being Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5382. [PMID: 37047996 PMCID: PMC10094142 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine longitudinal recovery profiles based on three recovery-enhancing processes, i.e., psychological detachment from work, physical exercise, and sleep. In addition, we examined whether job-related demands and resources predict profile membership and whether profile membership predicts well-being outcomes. The participants were Finnish employees (N = 664) who filled in an electronic questionnaire in three successive years. Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed five stable profiles of recovery-enhancing processes across time: (1) physically inactive, highly detaching (15%), (2) impaired recovery processes (19%), (3) enhanced recovery processes (25%), (4) physically active, poorly detaching and sleeping (19%), and (5) physically active (29%). In addition, job-related antecedents and well-being outcomes showed unique differences between the five profiles identified. Altogether, our study takes recovery research a step forward in helping to understand how recovery-enhancing processes function simultaneously over the long-term and suggests that, from the perspective of well-being, detachment from work and good sleep are more crucial recovery processes than physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Kinnunen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Psychology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Mäkikangas
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Work Research Centre, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Signorini G, Scurati R, D'Angelo C, Rigon M, Invernizzi PL. Enhancing motivation and psychological wellbeing in the workplace through conscious physical activity: Suggestions from a qualitative study examining workers' experience. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1006876. [PMID: 36506982 PMCID: PMC9730336 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1006876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction After COVID-19 restrictions, hybrid solutions were established that combined smart working and work in presence. Workplace conditions significantly impact employees' lives, particularly in terms of meeting their needs and promoting their wellbeing. Based on a socio-ecological and multilevel methodology, the UP150 concept (Proactive Office 150) represents a possible innovative solution to meet employees' needs and valorize flexible work. It encourages physical exercise and active breaks during the typical workday by using particular architectural modifications, a dedicated App, and physical activity professionals as wellness coaches. The present study is the last step of the preliminary actions planned to check the benefits of the UP150 concept and aims to explore the workers' perceptions after experiencing this project. Methods The qualitative analysis of a preliminary survey (concerning information about the company structure and workers' habits) performed before conducting a randomized controlled trial intervention study and the analysis of the semi-structured interviews after 8 weeks of a UP150 experience served as datasets for this study and have been examined and discussed. Results In the preliminary survey, the young (under 40) and generally active (57% of the workers) reported being motivated to exercise but inhibited by a lack of time and a heavy workload. After 8 weeks at a modified workplace designed in accordance with the motive behind the UP150, the workers displayed noticeable positive perceptions and appreciation. Discussion The qualitative analysis confirmed and supported the effectiveness of the UP150 concept that previous research had already found in quantitative parameters related to employees' motor efficiency, psychophysical status, and amount of physical activity. Participants reported beneficial perceived effects on their wellness and psychophysical status following a UP150 experience. Moreover, the concept improved social relationships and increased motivation. In conclusion, the UP150 concept efficiently fostered a positive perception of physical exercise and directed the employees toward the assumption of healthy behaviors fitting the physical literacy paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Signorini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Scurati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,*Correspondence: Raffaele Scurati
| | - Chiara D'Angelo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Rigon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy,Sports Faculty, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pietro Luigi Invernizzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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12
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Abdel Hadi S, Mojzisch A, Krumm S, Häusser JA. Day-level relationships between work, physical activity, and well-being: Testing the physical activity-mediated demand-control (pamDC) model. WORK AND STRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2021.2002971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Abdel Hadi
- Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mojzisch
- Department of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Krumm
- Department of Psychology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan A. Häusser
- Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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13
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Sung JH, Son SR, Baek SH, Kim BJ. Association of occupation with the daily physical activity and sedentary behaviour of middle-aged workers in Korea: a cross-sectional study based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e055729. [PMID: 34732506 PMCID: PMC8572411 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The WHO recommends that adults engage in regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (MVPAs) and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA), and minimise sedentary behaviour. This study aimed to determine the association of occupation with MVPA, MSA and sedentary behaviour in middle-aged Korean workers. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional study using data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018). PARTICIPANTS Workers aged between 40 and 69 years in Korea (n=6359). OUTCOME MEASURES Population-weighted proportions not meeting the MVPA (<150 min/week) and MSA (<2 days/week) guidelines, and with high sedentary behaviour (>7 hours/day) were calculated, and their associations with sociodemographic and work-related variables were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses. Additionally, the estimated time spent on MVPA, MSA and sedentary behaviour according to the occupation categories (white-collar, pink-collar and blue-collar) was calculated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). RESULTS The MVPA level did not show a significant difference across the occupation categories. Blue-collar workers showed significantly lower MSA participation than white-collar and pink-collar workers (male, p=0.006; female, p=0.004; by ANCOVA). High sedentary behaviour was significantly associated with white-collar occupations (p<0.001 by ANCOVA). Longer working hours were negatively associated with MVPA (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.02) and MSA (OR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.02). Workers with higher stress were less likely to participate in MSA (male: OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.86; female: OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.80). Self-employed workers showed lower MVPA levels than employees (male: OR=1.26, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.47; female: OR=1.36, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.64). Daily workers compared with full-time workers (OR=0.38, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.59) and temporary workers compared with regular workers (OR=0.75, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.95) were associated with less sedentary behaviour in men. CONCLUSION A number of work-related factors were associated with PA levels and sedentary behaviour in middle-aged workers. The workplace is one of the critical elements to intervene in health promotion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hye Sung
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Rhim Son
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seol-Hee Baek
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Jo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Barbieri PN. Healthy by Association: The relationship between social participation and self-rated physical and psychological health. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:1925-1935. [PMID: 33587306 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between social participation and subjective health. Using individual-level data from the British Household Panel Survey, we show that being an active member of a social or sport organisation increases self-rated physical and psychological health. For men, the benefits of social interaction work primarily via physical pathways, while women report a more psychosocial channel. We separate the main results by occupation and document some heterogeneity. Manual workers find more physical and psychological relief via social involvement, whereas non-manual workers are more likely to take relief from sport participation. Interestingly, as the number of associations in which the individual is active increases, the incremental increase in social benefits diminishes. Our findings point to the importance of promoting social and sport activities in health communication and policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Nicola Barbieri
- Prometeia Spa, Centro Studi e Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
- Centre for Health Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Physical Activity and Its Determinants among Senior Residents of Podlasie, a Green Region of Poland, Based on the National PolSenior Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010816. [PMID: 34682562 PMCID: PMC8535249 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is essential at all stages of life, and particularly so in the later years. The main objectives of the present work was to evaluate the physical activity of seniors, aged 65 years and older, living in the area of the Podlaskie voivodeship (Podlasie), Poland, based on the results of the nationwide PolSenior project, and to formulate recommendations for health policies implemented by both national and local government units. The study was performed as part of the national PolSenior project, whose aim was to evaluate various aspects of aging in Poland. The physical activity of a group of 186 randomly-selected people aged 65 years and above, 94 men and 92 women, was evaluated by questionnaire. The analysis included participants who took part in physical activity at least several times a week. Although all participants reported a decline in physical activity with age, the men remained physically active for longer. Among the respondents, 68.3% of women and 62.7% of men took short walks around the house as the main form of exercise, with working on the allotment or garden being another frequent activity; however, this was more common among men (53.9%) than women (34.7%). In addition, men were nearly twice as likely to take part in cycling (31.5%) than women (13.1%). The greatest motivation for physical activity given by the respondents was health, as noted by 73.8% of the men and 77.7% of the women. The physical activity of seniors in Podlasie is unsatisfactory and does not fulfil the WHO recommendations regarding the prophylaxis and prevention of chronic illness. This level does not, however, significantly differ from that reported in the nationwide PolSenior study or in other European countries in the Eurobarometer study. The decline in physical activity with age highlights the need for its greater promotion among seniors by local authorities. Such initiatives will help maintain the physical fitness and independence of this age group and contribute to a greater quality of life.
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Wendt A, Ricardo LIC, Costa CDS, Costa FDS, Flores TR, Neves RG, Mielke GI. Motivation for participation in sports among Brazilian adults: National Household Sample Survey - 2015. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:3535-3542. [PMID: 34468649 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021269.2.09272020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This article aims to describe the reasons for sport participation in the Brazilian adult population according to gender, age and schooling level. This is a cross-sectional study with data from a National Household Sample Survey - 2015. The reasons to practice or not practice sports in the previous year were obtained by questionnaire with predetermined answer options. All analyses were performed in Stata 12.1 and stratified by gender. The prevalence of sports participation for men and women were 31.7% and 16.9%, respectively. The most frequent reasons for sports participation among men were: having fun, quality of life and performance. Among women, the most frequent reasons were: quality of life, performance and medical recommendation. Regarding reasons for not practicing sports, the most reported ones were: lack of time (38.8% for men and 37.8% for women), not enjoying (34.8% for men and 35.3% for women) and health problem (20.3% for men and 17.9% for women). The study findings showed the most frequent reasons for sport participation in Brazil. Understanding these reasons and how they affect different age ranges and educational levels may contribute to improve strategic planning to promote sports in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wendt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160, 3º andar. 96020-220 Pelotas RS Brasil.
| | - Luiza Isnardi Cardoso Ricardo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160, 3º andar. 96020-220 Pelotas RS Brasil.
| | - Caroline Dos Santos Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | | | - Thaynã Ramos Flores
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160, 3º andar. 96020-220 Pelotas RS Brasil.
| | | | - Grégore Iven Mielke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland. Brisbane Australia
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Assunção AA, Claro RM. Characteristics of Work and Employment Related to Leisure-Time Physical Activity: Results of the National Health Survey, Brazil, 2013. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 66:102-112. [PMID: 34378018 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is a crucial behavior to reduce the global burden of disease. The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between LTPA, employment status, and physical workload (PWL). This study analyzed data from 38 449 individuals interviewed in the National Health Survey (NHS), representative of the Brazilian population. This paper examines LTPA in the last 30 days and whether participants achieved the recommended physical activity (≥150 min week-1) according to employment status and PWL utilizing Poisson regression models. One third and ¼ of the participants reported LTPA in the last 30 days and achieved the recommended LTPA, respectively. Intense PWL was reported by 28.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 27.8-29.6%] of participants; 32.2% among men (95% CI: 31.0-33.5%); 24.3% among women (95% CI: 23.1-25.5%). Precarious employment was associated with a lower prevalence of physical activity among men [adjusted prevalence ratio (PRa) = 0.92; P = 0.016], but not among women (PRa = 1.11; P = 0.039). Employment policies and protection of the work environment are relevant aspects to stimulate physical activity, and may vary by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada A Assunção
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais CEP 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Rafael Moreira Claro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais CEP 30130-100, Brazil
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has suggested that several health risk behaviors were more prevalent among construction workers than among the general workforce. METHODS The prevalences of six health risk behaviors among construction workers were compared with workers in other industries using data from 32 states in the 2013 to 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). RESULTS Smoking, smokeless tobacco use, binge drinking, no leisure-time physical activity, and not always using a seatbelt were significantly more prevalent (P < 0.001), and short sleep significantly less prevalent (P < 0.05), for all construction workers combined compared with workers in other industries. Prevalences varied substantially for all six health risk behaviors by construction occupation. CONCLUSIONS Due to the high prevalence of some health risk behaviors, construction workers may benefit from interventions to reduce these behaviors, particularly since they are also potentially exposed to workplace hazards.
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19
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Spotswood F, Nobles J, Armstrong M. "We're just stuck in a daily routine": Implications of the temporal dimensions, demands and dispositions of mothering for leisure time physical activity. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2021; 43:1254-1269. [PMID: 33998676 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The reduced physical activity of women when they become mothers is a public health priority. Existing studies show that mothers have little time for leisure, or time that is fragmented and requiring negotiation with others. However, the temporal features of mothering are undertheorised and qualitative studies tend to focus on how mothers can skilfully construct physically active identities and balance societal expectations about being a "good mother". In line with other research that focuses on the configuration of everyday practices that condition the "possibilities" for health-related practices like physical activity, we shift our focus away from the resisting capacities of mothers to the temporal features of mothering practices. We interrogate the lived experiences of 15 mothers of preschool children in deprived urban areas and illuminate the inherent temporal dimensions, demands and dispositions of mothering practices that condition the possibility of leisure time physical activity being undertaken. Together, these temporal features mean mothering practices can readily work against leisure time physical activity. The focus on the mothering practices rather than mothers brings a novel perspective for developing public health policy designed to support mothers into regular leisure time physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Nobles
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
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20
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Gendered leisure time-use and its impact on cognitive function among older adults in rural China. AGEING & SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x21000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that an active, socially engaged lifestyle in leisure time might protect older adults against the decline of cognitive function. It remains unclear, however, which types of leisure activities are more beneficial to maintain cognitive function, and whether there are gender differences in the association between leisure activities and cognitive function. We used a two-wave of panel data from 1,018 older adults aged 60 and older in rural China to examine the lag effects of different types of leisure activities on cognitive functioning and to identify the gender differences in their impacts on cognition in rural China. Ordinary least-squares regression models showed that high physical activities were associated with better cognitive function. High intensity of cognitive activities and engaging in physical activities have a protective effect on cognitive function among older men rather than older women. Further, we found that cognitive activities had a stronger effect on cognitive function among older men than older women. It is important to consider gender-specific intervention in leisure activities to maintain cognitive function among older adults.
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21
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Golaszewski NM, LaCroix AZ, Hooker SP, Bartholomew JB. Group exercise membership is associated with forms of social support, exercise identity, and amount of physical activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 20:630-643. [PMID: 35494549 PMCID: PMC9053316 DOI: 10.1080/1612197x.2021.1891121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring whether the mechanisms underlying the positive relationship between group exercise and physical activity are forms of social support - emotional, validation, informational, instrumental, and companionship and exercise identity. Participants (n=506; M age = 34.3) completed a 235-item questionnaire assessing physical activity, exercise identity, social support, and other determinants of physical activity. Exploratory path analysis was used to model group exercise membership, forms of social support, exercise identity, and metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes/wk. Women and men had similar yet varying results. For women, group exercise membership was significantly associated with MET-minutes/wk (β = 0.11) and exercise identity (β = 0.17). There was a significant association between exercise identity and MET-minutes/wk (β = 0.38). Women perceived belonging to an exercise group provides emotional (β = 0.36), validation (β = 0.25), informational (β = 0.35), instrumental (β = 0.19), and companionship (β = 0.46) support. Validation (β = 0.11), informational (β = 0.21), and companionship (B = 0.17) were significantly associated with exercise identity for women. For men, group exercise membership was not significantly associated with MET-minutes/wk or exercise identity. Exercise identity was significantly associated with MET-minutes/wk (β = 0.46). Men perceived belonging to their group provides emotional (β = 0.31), validation (β = 0.32), informational (β = 0.33), and companionship (β = 0.34). Validation (β = 0.22), informational (β = 0.30), and emotional (β = 0.23) were significantly associated with exercise identity for men. Belonging to an exercise group is associated with forms of social support that strengthen exercise identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Golaszewski
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0811
| | - A Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0811
| | - S P Hooker
- College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182
| | - J B Bartholomew
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd., D3700, Austin, TX 78712-1415
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22
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Matsuo T, So R. Socioeconomic status relates to exercise habits and cardiorespiratory fitness among workers in the Tokyo area. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12187. [PMID: 33528871 PMCID: PMC7853199 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This survey aims to investigate consciousness regarding habitual exercise among workers in urban areas and to analyze the associations of workers' socioeconomic status with their habitual exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). METHODS Ten thousand participants, who worked in the Tokyo area of Japan, were recruited for the questionnaire-based survey. The questionnaire elicited participant's characteristics, socioeconomic status (eg, employment status and annual income), habitual exercise status, and consciousness regarding exercising. After the data-cleaning procedure, 9406 participants were selected for analyses. CRF was estimated by a validated equation model. RESULTS Some (32.9%) participants had an exercise habit, and 93% recognized that exercise is good for health. Of the nonexercise habit group (n = 6308), 73% wanted to develop an exercise habit, and "spare time (40%)" and "financial capability (16%)" were the two most necessary conditions for habituating exercise. As socioeconomic statuses increased, the odds ratios (ORs) for engaging in habitual exercise increased among full-time (1.22) versus part-time (reference) employees and those having high (1.76) versus low (reference) incomes, whereas the ORs for low CRF risk decreased among full-time (0.78) versus part-time (reference) employees and those having high (0.53) versus low (reference) incomes. CONCLUSIONS Although most workers recognized the benefits of exercise, many were unable to develop exercise habits and believed that they could develop exercise habits if they had the time and financial capabilities. The survey suggests that workers with a higher socioeconomic status more likely to obtain favorable physical fitness, indicating a health disparity among workers in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Matsuo
- Ergonomics Research GroupNational Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, JapanKawasakiJapan
| | - Rina So
- Ergonomics Research GroupNational Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, JapanKawasakiJapan
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Mutz M, Abdel Hadi S, Häusser JA. Work and sport: relationships between specific job stressors and sports participation. ERGONOMICS 2020; 63:1077-1087. [PMID: 32436444 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1772381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the relationships between different job stressors and sports participation. Based on a large-scale representative sample (N = 1935), the paper tested if the number of different job stressors encountered in a job is related to sports participation. Moreover, we examined the relative impact of different stressors on sport participation. As predicted, the number of stressors encountered at work is negatively associated with leisure-time sports participation. When testing the relative effects of different job stressors, intense physical labour, shift and night work, and job insecurity (i.e. having a fixed-term contract or fearing unemployment) are negatively related to sports participation, whereas hazardous exposure (i.e. noise), bad working atmosphere, and long working hours are not related to sports participation. Hence, the total number of job stressors, but also the specificity of job stressors, should be taken into account by professionals in the fields of health research and physical activity promotion. Practioner summary: In a large-scale representative sample, we examined if different adverse job conditions are negatively related to sports participation. We found that the number of different job stressors was negatively related to sports participation. In particular, intense physical labour, shift and night work as well as job insecurity had an impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mutz
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sascha Abdel Hadi
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Alexander Häusser
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Woo D, Lee Y, Park S. Associations among working hours, sleep duration, self-rated health, and health-related quality of life in Korean men. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:287. [PMID: 32831092 PMCID: PMC7444202 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the relationship between working hours and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in men and to determine whether this relationship was mediated by sleep duration and self-rated health (SRH). MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study population included 2141 working men aged 20 to 49 years old from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2017. Working hours, SRH, and HRQOL were measured by a structured questionnaire survey. Sleep duration was calculated based on self-reported data. We investigated the association between working hours and HRQOL and performed a mediation analysis to evaluate the contributions of sleep duration and poor SRH to this relationship. RESULTS This study identified a significant association between working hours and HRQOL. Long working hours directly and indirectly affected HRQOL through poor SRH. Men who overworked were more likely to report poor HRQOL due to worsened SRH. Poor SRH was responsible for 26.3% of this relationship. But sleep duration did not explain the relationship between working hours and HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS Working hours were directly associated with HRQOL in men. Furthermore, there was an indirect effect of working hours on HRQOL mediated by poorer SRH. An improved work-life balance is necessary to promote men's health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darae Woo
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.,Incheon Metropolitan City Public Health Policy Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Lee
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. .,School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Sangshin Park
- Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Barha CK, Liu-Ambrose T. Sex differences in exercise efficacy: Is midlife a critical window for promoting healthy cognitive aging? FASEB J 2020; 34:11329-11336. [PMID: 32761860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000857r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is one of the most pressing health care issues of this century. As no curative treatment for dementia exists, research efforts are growing to identify effective lifestyle interventions to prevent or delay onset. One such promising strategy that promotes cognitive and brain health is engaging in physical exercise. However, current exercise recommendations are imprecise. To advance the potential of exercise as a preventative and treatment strategy, important questions regarding moderators (ie, biological sex and age) are being addressed in the literature. Biological sex is recognized as an important variable to consider in exercise efficacy on brain health, with females showing greater cognitive gains. This may be related to sex differences in underlying mechanisms. Here, we argue to better understand the sex differences in exercise efficacy, the timing of exercise intervention should also be considered. Specifically, we present the hypothesis that midlife in females is a critical window for the implementation of exercise as an early intervention to promote brain health and prevent dementia. Further, we speculate that exercise interventions targeting midlife will be of critical importance for the female brain, as females exit this period of the lifespan at greater risk for cognitive impairment. Given the potential sex differences in dementia risk and prevalence, it is imperative to assess potential sex differences in exercise efficacy as an early intervention during midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy K Barha
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Physical Activity for Precision Health Research Cluster, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Physical Activity for Precision Health Research Cluster, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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26
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Tessaro VCZ, Silva AMR, Loch MR. Stages of change for leisure time physical activity in Brazilian adults: longitudinal study. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 26:2969-2980. [PMID: 34378690 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021268.18022020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the maintenance of and movement between stages of change for leisure time physical activity (LTPA) after four years and the association with sociodemographic characteristics. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with 1,180 individuals aged 40 years or over in 2011. In 2015, 885 participants were reinterviewed. The dependent variables were the maintenance of and movement between stages of change for LTPA behavior. The data was analyzed using adjusted Poisson regression. We found that around 40% of the study participants were still at the same stage they were at in the first assessment, while 31.6% had relapsed and 27% had advanced at least one stage. The stages that showed the highest frequencies were remained in precontemplation and maintenance. The risk of remaining at the precontemplation stage was higher among men (RR=1.59; 95%CI:1.21-2.11), respondents aged ≥60 years (RR=1.35; 95%CI:1.03-1.78), those with a lower level of education (RR=1.24; 95%CI:1.04-2.33), and those from economic classes C and D/E (RR=1.71; 95%CI:1.17-2.49 and RR=1.88; 95%CI:1.12-3.18, respectively). The frequency of individuals who remained at the maintenance stage was significantly lower in economic classes D/E than in classes A/B (RR=0.35; 95%CI:0.14-0.87).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Cristina Zamataro Tessaro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Av. Robert Koch 60 Caixa Postal 791, Bairro Cervejaria. 86038-440 Londrina PR Brasil.
| | - Ana Maria Rigo Silva
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina PR Brasil
| | - Mathias Roberto Loch
- Departamento de Fundamentos da Educação Física, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina PR Brasil
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Doerrmann C, Oancea SC, Selya A. The Association Between Hours Spent at Work and Obesity Status: Results From NHANES 2015 to 2016. Am J Health Promot 2020; 34:359-365. [PMID: 31898469 PMCID: PMC7166176 DOI: 10.1177/0890117119897189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether weekly hours worked is associated with obesity among employed adults in the United States. DESIGN Data from the 2015 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this study. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a cross-sectional study. SETTING National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is conducted annually by the National Center for Health Statistics designed to assess the health and nutritional status of citizens in the United States. PARTICIPANTS The final study sample size was 2,581. MEASURES The outcome was obesity status (yes/no) and the exposure was the number of hours worked per week (<40, =40, >40 h/wk). Covariates of interest included in the analyses were income, age, education level, race, leisure-time physical activity, and gender. ANALYSIS A weighted and adjusted logistic regression model was conducted in order to investigate the association between the number of hours worked at a job per week and obesity status. Descriptive statistics and weighted and adjusted odds ratios were produced with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS After controlling for the covariates of interest, people working 40 or 40+ hours a week had 1.403 (95% CI: 1.06-1.85) and 1.409 (95% CI: 1.03-1.93) times significantly greater odds of obesity than those who work <40 hours a week, respectively. CONCLUSION Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease with genetic and environmental interactions, including the number of hours a person works/week as a potential risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Doerrmann
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - S Cristina Oancea
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Arielle Selya
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
- Behavioral Sciences Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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Biswas A, Dobson KG, Gignac MAM, de Oliveira C, Smith PM. Changes in work factors and concurrent changes in leisure time physical activity: a 12-year longitudinal analysis. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:309-315. [PMID: 32107318 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a paucity of longitudinal population-based studies examining whether changes in work factors are associated with concurrent changes in leisure time physical activity (LTPA). This study examines this issue using 12 years of longitudinal survey data. METHODS Data were drawn from the Canadian National Population Health Survey. The initial analytical sample in 1994 of 6407 working individuals was followed every 2 years from 2000 to 2010. Seven work factors were measured as independent variables: skill discretion, decision authority, psychological demands, physical exertion, number of jobs, hours at work and shift schedule. LTPA was categorised as inactive, moderately active or active based on metabolic equivalent task values. Fixed-effects multinomial logistic models were used to examine associations between work factors and LTPA controlling for time-invariant effects and adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Workers with lower skill discretion (OR=0.96; 95% CI 0.92 to 0.99), higher psychological demands (OR=0.95; 95% CI 0.92 to 0.99), higher physical exertion (OR=0.93; 95% CI 0.88 to 0.99) and longer work hours (OR=0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 098) were associated with a lower odds of transitioning from inactive to active and moderately active. There was no evidence of effect modification by age or sex. CONCLUSION Results suggest that as participants' skill discretion decreased, and their physical and psychological demands, and work hours increased, their likelihood of becoming more active and moderately active also decreased, supporting the value of targeting improvements in these work factors for physical activity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviroop Biswas
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen G Dobson
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monique A M Gignac
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Health Economics/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Peter M Smith
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Quinn TD, Pettee Gabriel K, Siddique J, Aaby D, Whitaker KM, Lane-Cordova A, Sidney S, Sternfield B, Barone Gibbs B. Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Across Occupational Classifications. Am J Health Promot 2019; 34:247-256. [PMID: 31726849 DOI: 10.1177/0890117119885518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine differences in activity patterns across employment and occupational classifications. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING A 2005-2006 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. SAMPLE Participants with valid accelerometry data (n = 2068). MEASURES Uniaxial accelerometry data (ActiGraph 7164), accumulated during waking hours, were summarized as mean activity counts (counts/min) and time spent (min/d) in long-bout sedentary (≥30 minutes, SED≥30), short-bout sedentary (<30 minutes, SED<30), light physical activity (LPA), short-bout moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (<10 minutes, MVPA<10), and long-bout MVPA (≥10 minutes, MVPA≥10) using Freedson cut-points. Employment status was self-reported as full time, part time, unemployed, keeping house, or raising children. Self-reported job duties were categorized into 23 major groups using the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification. ANALYSIS Omnibus differences were analyzed using adjusted analysis of covariance and repeated after stratification by race (black/white) and sex (female/male). RESULTS SED≥30, SED<30, LPA, and MVPA<10 differed significantly by employment and occupational categories (P ≤ .05), while MVPA≥10 did not (P ≥ .50). SED≥30, SED<30, and LPA differed by occupational classification in men, women, blacks, and whites (P < .05). Mean activity counts, MVPA<10, and MVPA≥10 were significantly different across occupational classifications in whites (P ≤ .05), but not in blacks (P > .05). Significant differences in mean activity counts and MVPA<10 across occupational classifications were found in males (P ≤ .001), but not in females (P > .05). CONCLUSION Time within activity intensity categories differs across employment and occupational classifications and by race and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D Quinn
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Juned Siddique
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Aaby
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kara M Whitaker
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Abbi Lane-Cordova
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Sternfield
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
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Ghani F, Rachele JN, Loh VH, Washington S, Turrell G. Do Differences in Social Environments Explain Gender Differences in Recreational Walking across Neighbourhoods? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16111980. [PMID: 31167430 PMCID: PMC6604242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Within a city, gender differences in walking for recreation (WfR) vary significantly across neighbourhoods, although the reasons remain unknown. This cross-sectional study investigated the contribution of the social environment (SE) to explaining such variation, using 2009 data from the How Areas in Brisbane Influence healTh and AcTivity (HABITAT) study, including 7866 residents aged 42–67 years within 200 neighbourhoods in Brisbane, Australia (72.6% response rate). The analytical sample comprised 200 neighbourhoods and 6643 participants (mean 33 per neighbourhood, range 8–99, 95% CI 30.6–35.8). Self-reported weekly minutes of WfR were categorised into 0 and 1–840 mins. The SE was conceptualised through neighbourhood-level perceptions of social cohesion, incivilities and safety from crime. Analyses included multilevel binomial logistic regression with gender as main predictor, adjusting for age, socioeconomic position, residential self-selection and neighbourhood disadvantage. On average, women walked more for recreation than men prior to adjustment for covariates. Gender differences in WfR varied significantly across neighbourhoods, and the magnitude of the variation for women was twice that of men. The SE did not explain neighbourhood differences in the gender–WfR relationship, nor the between-neighbourhood variation in WfR for men or women. Neighbourhood-level factors seem to influence the WfR of men and women differently, with women being more sensitive to their environment, although Brisbane’s SE did not seem such a factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ghani
- International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Jerome N Rachele
- Centre for Health Equity, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Venurs Hy Loh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Simon Washington
- School of Civil Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Gavin Turrell
- Healthy Liveable Cities Group, Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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Mabele G, Ekisawa C, Delecluse C, Bompeka F. Level of physical activity and eating behavior: Risk factors associated with sedentariness among obese employees of a company in the city of Kinshasa province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Cheval B, Sieber S, Guessous I, Orsholits D, Courvoisier DS, Kliegel M, Stringhini S, Swinnen SP, Burton-Jeangros C, Cullati S, Boisgontier MP. Effect of Early- and Adult-Life Socioeconomic Circumstances on Physical Inactivity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50:476-485. [PMID: 29112624 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the associations between early- and adult-life socioeconomic circumstances and physical inactivity (level and evolution) in aging using large-scale longitudinal data. METHODS This study used the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe, a 10-yr population-based cohort study with repeated measurements in five waves, every 2 yr between 2004 and 2013. Self-reported physical inactivity (waves 1, 2, 4, and 5), household income (waves 1, 2, 4, and 5), educational attainment (wave of the first measurement occasion), and early-life socioeconomic circumstance (wave 3) were collected in 22,846 individuals 50 to 95 yr of age. RESULTS Risk of physical inactivity was increased for women with the most disadvantaged early-life socioeconomic circumstances (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.86). With aging, the risk of physical inactivity increased for both sexes and was strongest for those with the most disadvantaged early-life socioeconomic circumstances (OR, 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.06) for women; OR, 1.02 (95% CI, 1.00-1.05) for men), with the former effect being more robust than the latter one. The association between early-life socioeconomic circumstances and physical inactivity was mediated by adult-life socioeconomic circumstances, with education being the strongest mediator. CONCLUSIONS Early-life socioeconomic circumstances predicted high levels of physical inactivity at older ages, but this effect was mediated by socioeconomic indicators in adult life. This finding has implications for public health policies, which should continue to promote education to reduce physical inactivity in people at older ages and to ensure optimal healthy aging trajectories, especially among women with disadvantaged early-life socioeconomic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Cheval
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Idris Guessous
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Dan Orsholits
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Claudine Burton-Jeangros
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
| | - Matthieu P Boisgontier
- Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND.,Swiss NCCR "LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives," University of Geneva, Geneva, SWITZERLAND
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Bloyd Null D, Hasin A, Partridge J, Welshimer K. Determinants of Physical Activity in A Constrictive Work Environment: A Study on Brown-Water Mariners. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2018.1548313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rebar AL, Alfrey KL, Gardner B, Vandelanotte C. Health behaviours of Australian fly-in, fly-out workers and partners during on-shift and off-shift days: an ecological momentary assessment study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e023631. [PMID: 30580269 PMCID: PMC6318530 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) work involves long commutes, living on-site for consecutive days and returning home between shifts. This unique type of work requires constant transitioning between the roles and routines of on-shift versus off-shift days. This study aims to examine health behaviour patterns of FIFO workers and FIFO partners during on-shift and off-shift time frames. DESIGN This study used ecological momentary assessment and multilevel modelling to examine daily health behaviours. SETTING FIFO workers and FIFO partners from across Australia responded to daily online surveys for up to 7 days of on-shift and up to 7 days of off-shift time frames. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 64 FIFO workers and 42 FIFO worker partners. RESULTS Workers and partners reported poorer sleep and nutrition quality for on-shift compared with off-shift days. Both workers and partners exercised less, smoked more cigarettes, took more physical health medication and drank less alcohol during on-shift compared with off-shift days. CONCLUSIONS FIFO organisations should consider infrastructure changes and support services to enhance opportunities for quality sleep and nutrition, sufficient exercise, moderate alcohol consumption and cigarette cessation for workers on-site and their partners at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Rebar
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristie-Lee Alfrey
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin Gardner
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
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Steeves JA, Tudor-Locke C, Murphy RA, King GA, Fitzhugh EC, Bassett DR, Van Domelen D, Schuna JM, Harris TB. Daily Physical Activity by Occupational Classification in US Adults: NHANES 2005-2006. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:900-911. [PMID: 30453820 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the daily physical activity (PA) levels of people employed in different occupational categories. METHODS Nine ActiGraph accelerometer-derived daily PA variables are presented and ranked for adults (N = 1465, 20-60 y) working in the 22 occupational categories assessed by NHANES 2005-2006. A composite score was generated for each occupational category by summing the rankings of 3 accelerometer-derived daily PA variables known to have strong associations with health outcomes (total activity counts [TAC], moderate to vigorous PA minutes per week in modified 10-minute bouts [MVPA 10], and percentage of time spent in sedentary activity [SB%]). RESULTS Classified as high-activity occupational categories, "farming, fishing, forestry," and "building & grounds cleaning, maintenance" occupations had the greatest TAC (461 996 and 449 452), most MVPA 10 (149.6 and 97.8), most steps per day (10 464 and 11 602), and near the lowest SB% (45.2% and 45.4%). "Community, social services" occupations, classified as low-activity occupational categories, had the second lowest TAC (242 085), least MVPA 10 (12.1), fewest steps per day (5684), and near the highest SB% (64.2%). CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association between occupational category and daily activity levels. Objectively measured daily PA permitted the classification of the 22 different occupational categories into 3 activity groupings.
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Elser H, Falconi AM, Bass M, Cullen MR. Blue-collar work and women's health: A systematic review of the evidence from 1990 to 2015. SSM Popul Health 2018; 6:195-244. [PMID: 30417066 PMCID: PMC6215057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the implications of gender and sex differences for health risks associated with blue-collar work, adverse health outcomes among blue-collar workers has been most frequently studied among men. The present study provides a "state-of-the-field" systematic review of the empiric evidence published on blue-collar women's health. We systematically reviewed literature related to the health of blue-collar women published between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2015. We limited our review to peer-reviewed studies published in the English language on the health or health behaviors of women who were presently working or had previously worked in a blue-collar job. Studies were eligible for inclusion regardless of the number, age, or geographic region of blue-collar women in the study sample. We retained 177 studies that considered a wide range of health outcomes in study populations from 40 different countries. Overall, these studies suggested inferior health among female blue-collar workers as compared with either blue-collar males or other women. However, we noted several methodological limitations in addition to heterogeneity in study context and design, which inhibited comparison of results across publications. Methodological limitations of the extant literature, alongside the rapidly changing nature of women in the workplace, motivate further study on the health of blue-collar women. Efforts to identify specific mechanisms by which blue-collar work predisposes women to adverse health may be particularly valuable in informing future workplace-based and policy-level interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Elser
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - April M. Falconi
- Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford University, 1070 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Michelle Bass
- Population Research Librarian, Lane Medical Library & Knowledge Management Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr L109, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Mark R. Cullen
- Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford University, 1070 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
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Tosun NL, Allen SS, Eberly LE, Yao M, Stoops WW, Strickland JC, Harrison KA, al'Absi M, Carroll ME. Association of exercise with smoking-related symptomatology, smoking behavior and impulsivity in men and women. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 192:29-37. [PMID: 30199844 PMCID: PMC7257807 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite extensive efforts to develop effective smoking cessation interventions, 70-85% of American cigarette smokers who quit relapse within one year. Exercise has shown promise as an intervention; however, many results have been equivocal. This study explored how exercise is associated with smoking-related symptomatology, smoking behavior and impulsivity in male and female smokers. METHODS Participants were recruited throughout the United States using the on-line crowdsourcing platform, Amazon's Mechanical Turk. They completed a survey with self-report measures assessing exercise, smoking-related symptomatology, smoking behavior and impulsivity. Differences between men and women were tested using t- and chi-square tests. Regression analyses tested for associations between exercise and smoking-related symptomatology, smoking behavior and impulsivity. RESULTS Participants (N = 604) were, on average, 32 (SD = 6.2) years old, mostly Caucasian, with at least some college education and approximately half were women. Women exercised slightly less than men and had more negative affect, craving, physical symptoms and withdrawal. Women smoked more cigarettes per day, had greater nicotine dependency and more years of smoking. Positive affect was positively associated with exercise for both men and women; however, this association was significantly stronger in women. Negative affect and withdrawal were inversely associated with exercise for women only. Impulsivity was inversely associated with exercise for both men and women. CONCLUSION Exercise was significantly associated with several smoking-related symptomatology, smoking behavior and impulsivity variables for both men and women, suggesting that exercise may be a useful intervention for smoking cessation. Future prospective research should determine how exercise directly impacts smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Tosun
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
| | - Sharon S Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
| | - Lynn E Eberly
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Meng Yao
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - William W Stoops
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, 1100 Veterans Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Justin C Strickland
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 171 Funkhouser Drive, Lexington, KY 40506, United States.
| | - Katherine A Harrison
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
| | - Mustafa al'Absi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth Campus, 1035 University Ave, Duluth, MN 55812, United States.
| | - Marilyn E Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, MMC 392, 505 Essex St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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Zhou Y, Wu J, Zhang S, Yan S, He L, Mkandawire N, Song X, Gan Y, Li W, Yang T, Li J, Zeng X, Wang Z, Lu Z. Prevalence and risk factors of physical inactivity among middle-aged and older Chinese in Shenzhen: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019775. [PMID: 30327395 PMCID: PMC6194397 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigations on physical inactivity are common around the world; however, little is known about the status of physical inactivity in mainland China. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors associated with physical inactivity in Shenzhen in Southern China. DESIGN A community-based, cross-sectional study. SETTING A multistage-stratified, random cluster survey was conducted in Xixiang Street, Bao'an District of Shenzhen in Southeast China. PARTICIPANTS 3920 adults aged 40 years or more were recruited to the study and completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form between 1 March 2015 and 30 July 2016. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Physical inactivity was defined as engaging in physical activity levels insufficient to reach the current guidelines. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with physical inactivity. RESULTS The prevalence of physical inactivity was 63.1% for all participants, 63.9% for women and 61.9% for men, respectively. Participants who were older (OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.54), who were female (OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.43), who had higher education experience (OR=1.38, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.61), who are under economic pressure (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.48 to 3.17), who ever smoked a cigarette (OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.82) and drank alcohol (OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.77), and participants in the lowest body mass index category (OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.89), were more likely to report physical inactivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that physical inactivity is prevalent in Southern China. Interventions and programmes aimed at increasing physical activity among middle-aged and older Chinese adults may also be tailored to participants under economic pressure and those with unhealthy behaviours such as smoking and drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Bao’an Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Shijiao Yan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Naomie Mkandawire
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zeng
- Bao’an Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Level of physical activity and eating behavior: Risk factors associated with sedentariness among employees of a company in the city of Kinshasa province. TURKISH JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.31459/turkjkin.439760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cho DY, Koo JW. Differences in Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence by Employment Type and Sex. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091798. [PMID: 30134584 PMCID: PMC6165279 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Workers may sometimes do the same work, but differ in their risk of health-related problems depending on whether the employment type is standard or non-standard. Furthermore, even with similar job and employment types, there may be differences in risk factors for health-related problems depending on sex. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by employment type and sex using data from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES Ⅴ) (2010–2012) and KNHANES Ⅵ (2013–2015) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Overall, 9523 adult wage workers (5523 standard workers and 4000 non-standard workers) aged ≥ 19 years were analyzed. To determine MetS prevalence odds ratios according to employment type, logistic regression analysis was performed disaggregated by sex. The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age (p < 0.001), being married (p < 0.05), current smoking status (p < 0.05), and high-risk drinking (p < 0.001) among male subjects. The prevalence of MetS significantly increased among female manual workers (p < 0.001), those with lower educational level and household income (p < 0.001). Non-standard workers of either sex showed higher MetS prevalence than standard workers; only females showed significant difference (p < 0.001). Female non-standard workers showed 1.44, 1.33, and 1.34 (all p < 0.001) times higher odds of MetS prevalence in Models 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to standard workers, suggesting a difference in risk factors of MetS according to sex. Also, that employment type affects MetS prevalence suggests that employment pattern is an important risk factor especially in females. Therefore, to manage MetS in female non-standard workers, individual health care as well as social effort may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk Youn Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology, Korea National Rehabilitation Center, Seoul 01022, Korea.
| | - Jung-Wan Koo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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Poggio R, Melendi S, Gutierrez L, Elorriaga N, Irazola V. Occupational Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Profile in the Adult Population of the Southern Cone of Latin America: Results From the CESCAS I Study. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 60:e470-e475. [PMID: 30020215 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We explore the association between occupational physical activity (OPA) and cardiovascular risk factors in four cities of the Southern Cone. METHODS Robust multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations. RESULTS The working population was constituted by 1868 men and 1672 women. Men performing high levels of OPA showed higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL; mean adj. diff. = 2.24 mg/dL; P = 0.004), lower levels of triglycerides (-24.59 mg/dL; P = 0.006), and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL ratio values (-0.21; P = 0.015) than reference. Women in the highest category of OPA had higher levels of HDL (2.85 mg/dL; P = 0.006), lower TC/HDL (0.27; P = 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein/HDL ratios (-0.18; P = 0.003) than sedentary activities. CONCLUSION Individuals who performed high levels of OPA did not exhibit a worse cardiovascular risk profile and an improvement on selected biomarkers was observed when compared with those performing sedentary activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Poggio
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cook MA, Gazmararian J. The association between long work hours and leisure-time physical activity and obesity. Prev Med Rep 2018; 10:271-277. [PMID: 29868379 PMCID: PMC5984242 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects approximately one-third of all U.S. adults, presenting a large economic and public health burden. Long work hours may be contributing to the rising obesity problem by reducing time for physical activity, particularly for individuals working in sedentary occupations. This study sought to investigate the association between long work hours, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and obesity across levels of occupational activity in order to identify potentially vulnerable groups. Cross sectional analysis was performed in 2017 using data from the 2015 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and prevalence ratios were estimated across work hour and occupational activity groups. Ability to meet guidelines for LTPA did not differ significantly across work hour categories overall. Those working in low activity occupations were more likely to meet aerobic guidelines for LTPA compared to those in intermediate and high activity occupations (χ2: 19.3; P-value: <0.01). Results of interaction assessment demonstrate that the effects of work hours on obesity risk and meeting aerobic guidelines are significantly different across OA categories, indicating OA to be an effect modifier of the relationship between long work hours and obesity (χ2: 13.33; P-value: <0.001; χ2: 4.42; P-value: <0.05). Employees in intermediate activity occupations working long hours were found to be at the greatest risk for obesity. Further research is required to better understand the mechanisms impacting the relationship between long work hours, domains of physical activity, and obesity risk as well as to identify effective intervention and prevention programs for employees in intermediate activity occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda A. Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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A Cross-Sectional Examination of Physical Activity Levels and Their Socio-Demographic Determinants in Southern Tanzania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061054. [PMID: 29882851 PMCID: PMC6028909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is essential for healthy aging. Evidence suggests that vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) may be more beneficial than moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA). We examined physical activity levels (MPA, VPA and total physical activity), and their socio-demographic determinants in 2311 participants (15–93 years; 68% women) of the MZIMA Open Community Cohort, who had complete relevant data. Physical activity levels were estimated in minutes per week across three domains—work, leisure and transport. We created three outcome variables: low MPA (<150 min per week of MPA), low VPA (<75 min per week of VPA) and insufficient physical activity (IPA: <150 min per week of total physical activity) and applied sample-weighted multivariable logistic regression to assess associations with potential socio-demographic determinants. Prevalence of IPA, low MPA and low VPA were 25%, 26% and 65% respectively. IPA and low MPA were correlated (Spearman R = 0.98; p < 0.001). Work, leisure and transport contributed 54%, 25% and 21% to total physical activity respectively. IPA and low VPA were significantly associated with female sex, lower education, non-manual occupation and frequent fruit consumption. We observed significant differences by sex (Pheterogeneity < 0.001), on the associations between education and IPA, and between age, occupation and low VPA. In conclusion, low levels of VPA, which were more pronounced in women, support the monitoring and promotion of VPA alongside overall physical activity. Leisure-related activities should also be promoted towards gains in vigorous-intensity and total physical activity in this setting.
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Loprinzi PD, Frith E. Effects of Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Frequency of Protein Consumption, Lower Extremity Strength and Lean Mass on All-Cause Mortality. J Lifestyle Med 2018; 8:8-15. [PMID: 29581955 PMCID: PMC5846639 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2018.8.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No study has evaluated the potential independent and cumulative effects of physical activity, sedentary behavior, daily frequency of protein consumption, lean mass and muscular strength on mortality risk. Methods Data from the 1999–2002 NHANES were utilized (N = 1,079 adults 50–85 yr), with follow-up through 2011. Leg lean mass was estimated from DXA scans. Knee extensor strength was assessed using the Kin Com MP dynamometer. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed via questionnaire, with the number of meals/day of ≥30 g of protein/meal assessed via a “multiple pass” 24-hour dietary interview. An index score was created (range = 0–5) indicating the number of these health characteristics each participant had. Results Only less sedentary behavior was independently associated with reduced mortality risk (HRadjustment = 0.46; 0.32–0.66). After adjustments, and compared to those with an index score of 0, those with an index score of 1, 2 and 3+, respectively, had a 34%, 49%, and 57% reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusion While considering physical activity, sedentary behavior, daily protein frequency consumption, lean mass and muscular strength, only sedentary behavior was independently associated with mortality risk among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Emily Frith
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Effectiveness of a scaled up physical activity intervention in Brazil: A natural experiment. Prev Med 2017; 103S:S66-S72. [PMID: 27687538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity causes 5.3 million deaths annually worldwide. We evaluated the impact on population leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of scaling up an intervention in Brazil, Academia das Cidades program (AC-P). AC-P is a health promotion program classified as physical activity classes in community settings which started in the state of Pernambuco state in 2008. We surveyed households from 80 cities of Pernambuco state in 2011, 2012 and 2013, using monitoring data to classify city-level exposure to AC-P. We targeted 2370 individuals in 2011; 3824 individuals in 2012; and 3835 individuals in 2013. We measured participation in AC-P and whether respondents had seen an AC-P activity or heard about AC-P. We measured LTPA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. We estimated the odds of reaching recommended LTPA by levels of exposure to the three AC-P measures. For women, the odds of reaching recommended LTPA were 1.10 for those living in cities with AC-P activity for less than three years, and 1.46 for those living in cities with AC-P activity for more than three years compared to those living in cities that had not adopted AC-P. The odds of reaching recommended LTPA increased with AC-P participation and knowledge about AC-P. AC-P exposure is associated with increased population LTPA. Extending AC-P to all cities could potentially impact non-communicable diseases in Brazil.
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Gay JL, Buchner DM, Smith J, He C. An examination of compensation effects in accelerometer-measured occupational and non-occupational physical activity. Prev Med Rep 2017; 8:55-59. [PMID: 28879071 PMCID: PMC5574845 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-report data suggests a large proportion of total physical activity (PA) occurs at work. However, adults with higher levels of occupational PA may compensate by engaging in less non-occupational PA. The study aims were to 1) estimate the intensity, volume, and duration of PA in American adults that occurs at work, and 2) determine if those more active at work are less active outside of work. A cross-sectional sample of full-time employed adults (N = 510) was recruited from Georgia city and county governments in 2013–2015. Participants wore an Actigraph GT3X + accelerometer for two weeks. In 2016, for 442 participants with complete data including work schedules and self-reported job titles, accelerometer wear minutes were classified as either occupational or non-occupational, and as sedentary, LPA (light-intensity PA), or MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA). The proportion of daily PA that occurred during work was 41.2% for total PA, 41.0% for LPA, and 39.5% for MVPA. Higher levels of occupational LPA were associated with lower levels of non-occupational LPA (r = − 0.38, P < 0.0001). However, higher levels of occupational MVPA were associated with higher levels of non-occupational MVPA (r = 0.17, P < 0.0001). These associations remained significant in a MANOVA adjusting for labor sector and other covariates. On average, employed adults get more LPA and MVPA outside of work. Adults who do more occupational MVPA do not compensate by doing less non-occupational MVPA. In contrast, adults who do more occupational LPA do compensate by doing less non-occupational LPA. Evaluations of interventions to reduce sedentary behavior should be designed to detect compensation effects. Adults may compensate for higher work activity with lower non-work activity. On average adults were more active outside of work in the present sample. Compensation varied by activity intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Gay
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavior, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David M Buchner
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | - Chunla He
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Dias DF, Loch MR, González AD, Andrade SMD, Mesas AE. Insufficient free-time physical activity and occupational factors in Brazilian public school teachers. Rev Saude Publica 2017; 51:68. [PMID: 28746571 PMCID: PMC5510795 DOI: 10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if perceived occupational factors are associated with insufficient free-time physical activity in Brazilian public school teachers. METHODS The relationship between insufficient physical activity (< 150 minutes/week) and variables related to work was analyzed in 978 elementary and high school teachers calculating the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) in Poisson regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic and health variables. RESULTS The prevalence of insufficient physical activity was 71.9%, and this condition was associated independently with the perception of bad or regular balance between personal and professional life (PR = 1.09; 95%CI 1.01–1.18), perception that standing time affects the work (PR = 1.16; 95%CI 1.01–1.34), low or very low perception of current ability for the physical requirements of work (PR = 1.21; 95%CI 1.08–1.35), and temporary employment contract (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.03–1.25). The teaching of physical education was associated with lower prevalence of insufficient physical activity (PR = 0.78; 95%CI 0.64–0.95). CONCLUSIONS The perception of adverse working conditions is associated with increased prevalence of insufficient physical activity in teachers and should be considered for the promotion of physical activity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Fernando Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - Mathias Roberto Loch
- Departamento de Educação Física. Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | | | | | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Londrina, PR, Brasil
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John B, Todd J, Mboya I, Mosha M, Urassa M, Mtuy T. Physical activity and associated factors from a cross-sectional survey among adults in northern Tanzania. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:588. [PMID: 28633654 PMCID: PMC5479043 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a major contributing factor in the growing problem of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in urban and rural Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine PA and associated factors among adults in Northern Tanzania. METHODS We analyzed secondary data from a cross-sectional serological survey nested within the Magu health and demographic sentinel surveillance population in Magu District Northwestern Tanzania. All resident adults aged 15 years and older were invited to participate in the study, and physical activity data were analyzed for 5663 participants. Data were analyzed using Stata version 13.0. We used logistic regression to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk factors associated with differences in PA. RESULTS In this mainly rural population, 96% reported sufficient PA, with a higher proportion in males (97.3%) compared to females (94.8%). In males the odds of sufficient PA were lower in rural areas compared to urban areas (OR = 0.19; P < 0.001; 95% CI = 0.08-0.42), while in females the odds of sufficient PA were higher in rural areas compared to urban areas (OR = 2.27; P < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.59-3.24). Leisure-related activity was low compared to work-related and transport-related activity. Farmers had a higher odds of sufficient PA than those in professional jobs in both males (OR = 9.75; P < 0.001; 95% CI = 3.68-5.82) and females (OR = 2.83; P = 0.021; 95% CI = 1.17-6.86). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PA in this population was high. However, there is need for PA programs to maintain the high level of compliance during and following the transition to a more urban-based culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice John
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Jim Todd
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK
| | - Innocent Mboya
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Mary Mosha
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Mark Urassa
- National Institute for Medical Research, P. O. Box1462, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Tara Mtuy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O. Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK
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Neil-Sztramko SE, Ghayyur A, Edwards J, Campbell KL. Physical Activity Levels of Physiotherapists across Practice Settings: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Using Self-Report Questionnaire and Accelerometer Measures. Physiother Can 2017; 69:152-160. [PMID: 28539695 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2015-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This article describes the physical activity of physiotherapists in British Columbia and examines differences across practice settings using self-report questionnaire and accelerometer-derived measures. Methods: Public and private practice physiotherapists aged 18-65 years were recruited through employee email lists and word of mouth to this cross-sectional study. Participants (n=98) completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-L) online to quantify self-reported physical activity across various domains (occupational, leisure time, domestic, and transportation). Of these, 38 agreed to wear an accelerometer for 7 days to objectively measure physical activity. Descriptive statistics were used to describe self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity across domains, and inferential statistics were used to compare physical activity patterns across practice sites. The correlation and agreement between self-report questionnaire and accelerometer measures were also calculated. Results: Almost all (99%) of the physiotherapists self-reported meeting physical activity guidelines, and only 58% were classified as meeting guidelines when using accelerometers. Public practice physiotherapists self-reported more total, occupational, and domestic physical activity and had higher measured occupational physical activity than private practice physiotherapists. Overall, there was poor agreement between self-report questionnaires and accelerometers. Conclusions: Physiotherapists are an active group, with those in public practice reporting and participating in more physical activity than those in private practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armin Ghayyur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Jeremy Edwards
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - Kristin L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
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