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Xie YX, Yao H, Peng JF, Ni D, Liu WT, Li CQ, Yi GH. Insight into modulators of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor and implications for cardiovascular therapeutics. J Drug Target 2024; 32:300-310. [PMID: 38269855 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and it's of great importance to understand its underlying mechanisms and find new treatments. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an active lipid that exerts its effects through S1P receptors on the cell surface or intracellular signal, and regulates many cellular processes such as cell growth, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell survival, and so on. S1PR modulators are a class of modulators that can interact with S1PR subtypes to activate receptors or block their activity, exerting either agonist or functional antagonist effects. Many studies have shown that S1P plays a protective role in the cardiovascular system and regulates cardiac physiological functions mainly through interaction with cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs). Therefore, S1PR modulators may play a therapeutic role in cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review five S1PRs and their functions and the progress of S1PR modulators. In addition, we focus on the effects of S1PR modulators on atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiovascular diseases, and myocarditis, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Xie
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jin-Fu Peng
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wan-Ting Liu
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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2
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Kajita K, Ishii I, Mori I, Asano M, Fuwa M, Morita H. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Regulates Obesity and Glucose Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:932. [PMID: 38256005 PMCID: PMC10816022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major global health and welfare issues is the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity, caused by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissues, induces adipocyte dysfunction, followed by inflammation, in adipose tissues and lipotoxicity in nonadipose tissues. Several studies have shown that obesity and glucose homeostasis are influenced by sphingolipid mediators, including ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Cellular accumulation of ceramide impairs pancreatic β-cell survival, confers insulin resistance in the liver and the skeletal muscle, and deteriorates adipose tissue inflammation via unknown molecular mechanisms. The roles of S1P are more complicated, because there are five cell-surface S1P receptors (S1PRs: S1P1-5) which have altered functions, different cellular expression patterns, and inapparent intracellular targets. Recent findings, including those by our group, support the notable concept that the pharmacological activation of S1P1 or S1P3 improves obesity and associated metabolic disorders, whereas that of S1P2 has the opposite effect. In addition, the regulation of S1P production by sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an essential factor affecting glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling in and against obesity, insulin resistance, and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Kajita
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Gifu Women’s University, 80 Taromaru, Gifu 501-2592, Japan
| | - Isao Ishii
- Department of Health Chemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashitamagawagakuen, Machida 194-8543, Japan
| | - Ichiro Mori
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Motochika Asano
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Masayuki Fuwa
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of General Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (I.M.); (M.A.); (M.F.); (H.M.)
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Seidita I, Tusa I, Prisinzano M, Menconi A, Cencetti F, Vannuccini S, Castiglione F, Bruni P, Petraglia F, Bernacchioni C, Rovida E, Donati C. Sphingosine 1-phosphate elicits a ROS-mediated proinflammatory response in human endometrial stromal cells via ERK5 activation. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23061. [PMID: 37389926 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300323r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease affecting ~10% women in the reproductive age characterized by the growth of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. The inflammatory process has a key role in the initiation and progression of the disorder. Currently, there are no available early diagnostic tests and therapy relies exclusively on symptomatic drugs, so that elucidation of the complex molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis is an unmet need. The signaling of the bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is deeply dysregulated in endometriosis. S1P modulates a variety of fundamental cellular processes, including inflammation, neo-angiogenesis, and immune responses acting mainly as ligand of a family of G-protein-coupled receptors named S1P receptors (S1PR), S1P1-5 . Here, we demonstrated that the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK5, that is expressed in endometriotic lesions as determined by quantitative PCR, is activated by S1P in human endometrial stromal cells. S1P-induced ERK5 activation was shown to be triggered by S1P1/3 receptors via a SFK/MEK5-dependent axis. S1P-induced ERK5 activation was, in turn, responsible for the increase of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokine expression in human endometrial stromal cells. The present findings indicate that the S1P signaling, via ERK5 activation, supports a proinflammatory response in the endometrium and establish the rationale for the exploitation of innovative therapeutic targets for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Seidita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Prisinzano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Menconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Vannuccini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Castiglione
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Skeletal muscle insulin resistance and adipose tissue hypertrophy persist beyond the reshaping of gut microbiota in young rats fed a fructose-rich diet. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109247. [PMID: 36496062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether short term fructose-rich diet induces changes in the gut microbiota as well as in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue physiology and verify whether they persist even after fructose withdrawal, young rats of 30 d of age were fed for 3 weeks a fructose-rich or control diet. At the end of the 3-weeks period, half of the rats from each group were maintained for further 3 weeks on a control diet. Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids levels (faeces and plasma) were investigated. Insulin response was evaluated at the whole-body level and both in skeletal muscle and epididymal adipose tissue, together with skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and lipid composition. In parallel, morphology and physiological status of epididymal adipose tissue was also evaluated. Reshaping of gut microbiota and increased content of short chain fatty acids was elicited by the fructose diet and abolished by switching back to control diet. On the other hand, most metabolic changes elicited by fructose-rich diet in skeletal muscle and epididymal adipose tissue persisted after switching to control diet. Increased dietary fructose intake even on a short-time basis elicits persistent changes in the physiology of metabolically relevant tissues, such as adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, through mechanisms that go well beyond the reshaping of gut microbiota. This picture delineates a harmful situation, in particular for the young populations, posed at risk of metabolic modifications that may persist in their adulthood.
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Chakrabarty S, Bui Q, Badeanlou L, Hester K, Chun J, Ruf W, Ciaraldi TP, Samad F. S1P/S1PR3 signalling axis protects against obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. Adipocyte 2022; 11:69-83. [PMID: 35094654 PMCID: PMC8803104 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.2021700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that interacts via 5 G-protein coupled receptors, S1PR1-5, to regulate signalling pathways critical to biological processes including cell growth, immune cell trafficking, and inflammation.We demonstrate that in Type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects, plasma S1P levels significantly increased in response to the anti-diabetic drug, rosiglitazone, and, S1P levels correlated positively with measures of improved glucose homeostasis. In HFD-induced obese C57BL/6 J mice S1PR3 gene expression was increased in adipose tissues (AT) and liver compared with low fat diet (LFD)-fed counterparts. On a HFD, weight gain was similar in both S1PR3-/- mice and WT littermates; however, HFD-fed S1PR3-/- mice exhibited a phenotype of partial lipodystrophy, exacerbated insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. This worsened metabolic phenotype of HFD-fed S1PR3-/- mice was mechanistically linked with increased adipose inflammation, adipose macrophage and T-cell accumulation, hepatic inflammation and hepatic steatosis. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes S1P increased adipogenesis and S1P-S1PR3 signalling regulated the expression of PPARγ, suggesting a novel role for this signalling pathway in the adipogenic program. These results reveal an anti-diabetic role for S1P, and, that S1P-S1PR3 signalling in the adipose and liver defends against excessive inflammation and steatosis to maintain metabolic homeostasis at key regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell Biology, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Quyen Bui
- Department of Cell Biology, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Leylla Badeanlou
- Department of Cell Biology, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Hester
- Department of Cell Biology, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jerold Chun
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, Ca and Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Theodore P Ciaraldi
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fahumiya Samad
- Department of Cell Biology, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
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6
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Standoli S, Pecchioli S, Tortolani D, Di Meo C, Fanti F, Sergi M, Bacci M, Seidita I, Bernacchioni C, Donati C, Bruni P, Maccarrone M, Rapino C, Cencetti F. The TRPV1 Receptor Is Up-Regulated by Sphingosine 1-Phosphate and Is Implicated in the Anandamide-Dependent Regulation of Mitochondrial Activity in C2C12 Myoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911103. [PMID: 36232401 PMCID: PMC9570403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and endocannabinoid (ECS) systems comprehend bioactive lipids widely involved in the regulation of similar biological processes. Interactions between S1P and ECS have not been so far investigated in skeletal muscle, where both systems are active. Here, we used murine C2C12 myoblasts to investigate the effects of S1P on ECS elements by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and UHPLC-MS. In addition, the modulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), by JC-1 and Mitotracker Red CMX-Ros fluorescent dyes, as well as levels of protein controlling mitochondrial function, along with the oxygen consumption were assessed, by Western blotting and respirometry, respectively, after cell treatment with methanandamide (mAEA) and in the presence of S1P or antagonists to endocannabinoid-binding receptors. S1P induced a significant increase in TRPV1 expression both at mRNA and protein level, while it reduced the protein content of CB2. A dose-dependent effect of mAEA on ΔΨm, mediated by TRPV1, was evidenced; in particular, low doses were responsible for increased ΔΨm, whereas a high dose negatively modulated ΔΨm and cell survival. Moreover, mAEA-induced hyperpolarization was counteracted by S1P. These findings open new dimension to S1P and endocannabinoids cross-talk in skeletal muscle, identifying TRPV1 as a pivotal target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Standoli
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Sara Pecchioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniel Tortolani
- European Centre for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Di Meo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federico Fanti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Marina Bacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Isabelle Seidita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Centre for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Cinzia Rapino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Duan M, Gao P, Chen SX, Novák P, Yin K, Zhu X. Sphingosine-1-phosphate in mitochondrial function and metabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13426. [PMID: 35122459 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite. The past decade has witnessed exponential growth in the field of S1P research, partly attributed to drugs targeting its receptors or kinases. Accumulating evidence indicates that changes in the S1P axis (i.e., S1P production, transport, and receptors) may modify metabolism and eventually mediate metabolic diseases. Dysfunction of the mitochondria on a master monitor of cellular metabolism is considered the leading cause of metabolic diseases, with aberrations typically induced by abnormal biogenesis, respiratory chain complex disorders, reactive oxygen species overproduction, calcium deposition, and mitophagy impairment. Accordingly, we discuss decades of investigation into changes in the S1P axis and how it controls mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we summarize recent scientific advances in disorders associated with the S1P axis and their involvement in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases in humans, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, from the perspective of mitochondrial function. Finally, we review potential challenges and prospects for S1P axis application to the regulation of mitochondrial function and metabolic diseases; these data may provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Duan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Petr Novák
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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8
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Bernacchioni C, Squecco R, Gamberi T, Ghini V, Schumacher F, Mannelli M, Garella R, Idrizaj E, Cencetti F, Puliti E, Bruni P, Turano P, Fiaschi T, Donati C. S1P Signalling Axis Is Necessary for Adiponectin-Directed Regulation of Electrophysiological Properties and Oxidative Metabolism in C2C12 Myotubes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040713. [PMID: 35203362 PMCID: PMC8869893 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin (Adn), released by adipocytes and other cell types such as skeletal muscle, has insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is reported to act as effector of diverse biological actions of Adn in different tissues. S1P is a bioactive sphingolipid synthesized by the phosphorylation of sphingosine catalyzed by sphingosine kinase (SK) 1 and 2. Consolidated findings support the key role of S1P in the biology of skeletal muscle. Methods and Results: Here we provide experimental evidence that S1P signalling is modulated by globular Adn treatment being able to increase the phosphorylation of SK1/2 as well as the mRNA expression levels of S1P4 in C2C12 myotubes. These findings were confirmed by LC-MS/MS that showed an increase of S1P levels after Adn treatment. Notably, the involvement of S1P axis in Adn action was highlighted since, when SK1 and 2 were inhibited by PF543 and ABC294640 inhibitors, respectively, not only the electrophysiological changes but also the increase of oxygen consumption and of aminoacid levels induced by the hormone, were significantly inhibited. Conclusion: Altogether, these findings show that S1P biosynthesis is necessary for the electrophysiological properties and oxidative metabolism of Adn in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (R.G.); (E.I.)
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Veronica Ghini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy; (V.G.); (P.T.)
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Michele Mannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Rachele Garella
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (R.G.); (E.I.)
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Section of Physiological Sciences, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (R.G.); (E.I.)
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Elisa Puliti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Paola Turano
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy; (V.G.); (P.T.)
| | - Tania Fiaschi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “M. Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (T.G.); (M.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.); (P.B.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-275-1232
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9
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Dong W, Zhao Y, Hao Y, Sun G, Huo J, Wang W. Integrated molecular biology and metabonomics approach to understand the mechanism underlying reduction of insulin resistance by corn silk decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114756. [PMID: 34666141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Corn silk is composed of the style and stigma of Zea mays L. Its medical value was first reported in "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" in the Ming Dynasty. It was considered to be a heat-clearing and diuretic drug. In "Zhejiang Folk Herbal Medicine," the following has been reported: "Corn silk needs one liang. Decoction in water can cure diabetes." Recent studies have shown that corn silk can lower blood sugar levels; however, to date, corn silk has undergone simple pharmacodynamic evaluations, with both its degree and mechanism of action remaining unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of corn silk, with respect to having antioxidative ability, reducing insulin resistance, and having a hypoglycemic effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model was established via a high sugar and high fat diet combined with streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) administration. Wistar rats were administered corn silk decoction and metformin via gavage for four weeks, and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight were measured every two weeks. After the experiment, the insulin level, insulin index, and glycogen content were determined. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes of the skeletal muscle tissue in rats. The levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in the serum and skeletal muscle were detected, and the mRNA content and protein levels of key proteins in the JNK-IRS-GLUT4 signaling pathway were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Then, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, combined with multiple statistical analyses, was used to identify potential biomarkers in the serum of T2DM rats, for determining the key metabolic pathways responsible for the action of corn silk. RESULTS The results showed that corn silk could reduce FBG, insulin level, and glycogen content in T2DM rats; reduce the level of oxidative stress in serum and skeletal muscle; restore the pathological structure of skeletal muscle; inhibit the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and insulin receptor substrate (IRS) in skeletal muscle; and upregulate the expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) for transport of glucose and to reduce insulin resistance. Moreover, metabonomic analysis elucidated that corn silk could significantly affect 26 biomarkers (such as pentosidine, palmitic acid, lysoPC, and p-Cresol sulfate) and metabolic pathways (such as phenylalanine metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids). CONCLUSION The interaction between endogenous metabolites and proteins in signaling pathways was analyzed using metabonomics and molecular biology methods. Corn silk inhibited JNK-IRS-GLUT4 signal transduction in skeletal muscle via antioxidative effects, by increasing the sensitivity of peripheral tissue to insulin, by reducing insulin resistance, and through hypoglycemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, No.138, Tongda Street, Daoli District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No.72 Xiang'an Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No.72 Xiang'an Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yiming Hao
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guodong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No.72 Xiang'an Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jinhai Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No.72 Xiang'an Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weiming Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, No.138, Tongda Street, Daoli District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, No.72 Xiang'an Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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10
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Lee CH, Choi JW. S1P/S1P 2 Signaling Axis Regulates Both NLRP3 Upregulation and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages Primed with Lipopolysaccharide. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111706. [PMID: 34829577 PMCID: PMC8614891 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is a key factor for various inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide experimental evidence supporting the regulatory role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), along with the S1P receptor subtype involved and underlying regulatory mechanisms. During the priming stage, S1P induced NLRP3 upregulation in BMDMs only when primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this event, S1P2, but not S1P1, was involved based on the attenuated NLRP3 upregulation with JTE013 (S1P2 antagonist) or S1P2 knockdown. During the activation stage, S1P induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS-primed BMDMs via caspase-1 activation, interleukin 1β maturation, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation, and IL-1β secretion. Such NLRP3 inflammasome activation was blocked by either pharmacological inhibition or genetic knockdown of S1P2. NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and ERK1/2 were identified as effector pathways underlying S1P/S1P2 signaling in the regulation of NLRP3 upregulation in LPS-primed BMDMs. Further, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was dependent on the S1P/S1P2 signaling axis in these cells, and the ROS generated regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, but not NLRP3 priming. Collectively, our findings suggest that S1P promotes NLRP3 upregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS-primed BMDMs via S1P2 and subsequent effector pathways.
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11
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Wigger D, Schumacher F, Schneider-Schaulies S, Kleuser B. Sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism and insulin signaling. Cell Signal 2021; 82:109959. [PMID: 33631318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is the main anabolic hormone secreted by β-cells of the pancreas stimulating the assimilation and storage of glucose in muscle and fat cells. It modulates the postprandial balance of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins via enhancing lipogenesis, glycogen and protein synthesis and suppressing glucose generation and its release from the liver. Resistance to insulin is a severe metabolic disorder related to a diminished response of peripheral tissues to the insulin action and signaling. This leads to a disturbed glucose homeostasis that precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a disease reaching epidemic proportions. A large number of studies reported an association between elevated circulating fatty acids and the development of insulin resistance. The increased fatty acid lipid flux results in the accumulation of lipid droplets in a variety of tissues. However, lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerols and ceramides are also formed in response to elevated fatty acid levels. These bioactive lipids have been associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. More recently, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), another bioactive sphingolipid derivative, has also been shown to increase in T2D and obesity. Although many studies propose a protective role of S1P metabolism on insulin signaling in peripheral tissues, other studies suggest a causal role of S1P on insulin resistance. In this review, we critically summarize the current state of knowledge of S1P metabolism and its modulating role on insulin resistance. A particular emphasis is placed on S1P and insulin signaling in hepatocytes, skeletal muscle cells, adipocytes and pancreatic β-cells. In particular, modulation of receptors and enzymes that regulate S1P metabolism can be considered as a new therapeutic option for the treatment of insulin resistance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, Nutritional Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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12
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Qi Y, Wang W, Song Z, Aji G, Liu XT, Xia P. Role of Sphingosine Kinase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 11:627076. [PMID: 33633691 PMCID: PMC7899982 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.627076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a class of essential lipids, functioning as both cell membrane constituents and signaling messengers. In the sphingolipid metabolic network, ceramides serve as the central hub that is hydrolyzed to sphingosine, followed by phosphorylation to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) by sphingosine kinase (SphK). SphK is regarded as a "switch" of the sphingolipid rheostat, as it catalyzes the conversion of ceramide/sphingosine to S1P, which often exhibit opposing biological roles in the cell. Besides, SphK is an important signaling enzyme that has been implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of biological functions. In recent years, an increasing body of evidence has suggested a critical role of SphK in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), although a certain level of controversy remains. Herein, we review recent findings related to SphK in the field of T2D research with a focus on peripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure. It is expected that a comprehensive understanding of the role of SphK and the associated sphingolipids in T2D will help to identify druggable targets for future anti-diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Qi
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gulibositan Aji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Tracy Liu
- Lipid Cell Biology Laboratory, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pu Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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He Q, Bo J, Shen R, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Yang J, Liu Y. S1P Signaling Pathways in Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:1341750. [PMID: 34751249 PMCID: PMC8571914 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1341750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is very complicated. The currently well-accepted etiology is the "Ominous Octet" theory proposed by Professor Defronzo. Since presently used drugs for T2DM have limitations and harmful side effects, studies regarding alternative treatments are being conducted. Analyzing the pharmacological mechanism of biomolecules in view of pathogenesis is an effective way to assess new drugs. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), an endogenous lipid substance in the human body, has attracted increasing attention in the T2DM research field. This article reviews recent study updates of S1P, summarizing its effects on T2DM with respect to pathogenesis, promoting β cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis, reducing insulin resistance, protecting the liver and pancreas from lipotoxic damage, improving intestinal incretin effects, lowering basal glucagon levels, etc. With increasing research, S1P may help treat and prevent T2DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong He
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Bo
- Department of Second Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ruihua Shen
- Department of Second Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Second Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
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14
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Plasma sphingosine 1-phosphate concentrations and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12768. [PMID: 32728147 PMCID: PMC7391653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that plasma sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes patients. This cross-sectional study included 287 individuals with type 2 diabetes. CAN was evaluated using cardiovascular reflex tests. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between plasma S1P levels and CAN. Plasma S1P concentrations were significantly lower in individuals with CAN than in those without CAN. There was a significant interaction between plasma S1P levels and sex with respect to CAN (p for interaction = 0.003). When stratified by sex, the association between plasma S1P levels and CAN exhibited a sex difference; in multivariable analysis, plasma S1P levels were significantly associated with CAN in women (odds ratio per standard deviation increase in the log-transformed value, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–0.70, p = 0.001). However, there was no significant association between plasma S1P and CAN in men. Plasma S1P concentrations were inversely associated with CAN only in women with type 2 diabetes.
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15
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Guitton J, Bandet CL, Mariko ML, Tan-Chen S, Bourron O, Benomar Y, Hajduch E, Le Stunff H. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism in the Regulation of Obesity/Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:E1682. [PMID: 32668665 PMCID: PMC7407406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pathophysiological condition where excess free fatty acids (FFA) target and promote the dysfunctioning of insulin sensitive tissues and of pancreatic β cells. This leads to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, which culminates in the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). FFA, which accumulate in these tissues, are metabolized as lipid derivatives such as ceramide, and the ectopic accumulation of the latter has been shown to lead to lipotoxicity. Ceramide is an active lipid that inhibits the insulin signaling pathway as well as inducing pancreatic β cell death. In mammals, ceramide is a key lipid intermediate for sphingolipid metabolism as is sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P levels have also been associated with the development of obesity and T2D. In this review, the current knowledge on S1P metabolism in regulating insulin signaling in pancreatic β cell fate and in the regulation of feeding by the hypothalamus in the context of obesity and T2D is summarized. It demonstrates that S1P can display opposite effects on insulin sensitive tissues and pancreatic β cells, which depends on its origin or its degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Guitton
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Cecile L. Bandet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mohamed L. Mariko
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Diabétologie et Maladies métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yacir Benomar
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (C.L.B.); (S.T.-C.); (O.B.); (E.H.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, F-91190 Orsay, France; (J.G.); (M.L.M.); (Y.B.)
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16
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Schömel N, Geisslinger G, Wegner MS. Influence of glycosphingolipids on cancer cell energy metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 79:101050. [PMID: 32592726 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies describe a connection between glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and glutamine metabolism, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells. Since deregulated cell energy metabolism is one of cancer cells hallmarks, investigating this connection is an important step in the development of anti-cancer therapies. GSL species are often aberrantly regulated in human cancers. They cluster in signaling platforms in the plasma membrane and organelle membranes in so called glycosphingolipid enriched microdomains (GEMs), thereby regulating cell signaling pathways. The most important glutamine transporter for epithelial cells, alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2) locates in GEMs and is regulated by GEM composition. The accumulation of glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide in mitochondria associated ER membranes (MAMs) leads to increased oxidative phosphorylation. This increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and influences mitochondrial dynamics. Here, we review current knowledge about deregulated GSL species in cancer, GSL influence on glutamine and glucose metabolism. In addition, the role of GSLs in MAMs, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitochondrial dynamics with a special focus on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is discussed. mTOR seems to play a pivotal role in the connection between GSLs and glutamine metabolism as well as in mitochondrial signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schömel
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
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17
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Jiang Y, Qi J, Xue X, Huang R, Zheng J, Liu W, Yin H, Li S. Ceramide subclasses identified as novel lipid biomarker elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study employing shotgun lipidomics. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:508-512. [PMID: 31793360 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1698026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential lipid biomarkers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and determine their predictive value for PCOS. Eighteen women with PCOS and 17 healthy controls were enrolled. A multi-dimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics approach was employed to analyze serum lipid profiles. Shotgun lipidomics revealed that the concentrations of ceramide (Cer) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were higher (PC: 831.6 ± 217.4 vs. 605.2 ± 164.2 μmol/l; Cer: 3,387.6 ± 829.9 vs. 2,552.2 ± 679.4 nmol/l, respectively), whereas that of lysophosphatidylcholine was lower, in PCOS women than in healthy controls (82.02 ± 39.49 vs. 133.62 ± 65.36 μmol/l, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the combination of Cer (OH_N16:0/N18:0) and Cer (N22:0) had the greatest discriminatory power to differentiate between women with and without PCOS (area under the curve: 0.889, 95% confidence interval: 0.784-0.994). These results indicate that the combination of Cer (OH_N16:0/N18:0) and Cer (N22:0) may represent a novel lipid predictor of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinli Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shengxian Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Goeritzer M, Bernhart E, Plastira I, Reicher H, Leopold C, Eichmann TO, Rechberger G, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Prasch J, Eller P, Graier WF, Kratky D, Malle E, Sattler W. Myeloperoxidase and Septic Conditions Disrupt Sphingolipid Homeostasis in Murine Brain Capillaries In Vivo and Immortalized Human Brain Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1143. [PMID: 32050431 PMCID: PMC7037060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, activated leukocytes release cytotoxic mediators that compromise blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Under inflammatory conditions, myeloperoxidase (MPO) is critically involved in inflicting BBB damage. We used genetic and pharmacological approaches to investigate whether MPO induces aberrant lipid homeostasis at the BBB in a murine endotoxemia model. To corroborate findings in a human system we studied the impact of sera from sepsis and non-sepsis patients on brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). In response to endotoxin, the fatty acid, ceramide, and sphingomyelin content of isolated mouse brain capillaries dropped and barrier dysfunction occurred. In mice, genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of MPO abolished these alterations. Studies in metabolic cages revealed increased physical activity and less pronounced sickness behavior of MPO-/- compared to wild-type mice in response to sepsis. In hCMEC/D3 cells, exogenous tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) potently regulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a set of genes involved in sphingolipid (SL) homeostasis. Notably, treatment of hCMEC/D3 cells with sera from septic patients reduced cellular ceramide concentrations and induced barrier and mitochondrial dysfunction. In summary, our in vivo and in vitro data revealed that inflammatory mediators including MPO, TNFα induce dysfunctional SL homeostasis in brain endothelial cells. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of MPO attenuated endotoxin-induced alterations in SL homeostasis in vivo, highlighting the potential role of MPO as drug target to treat inflammation-induced brain dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Goeritzer
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (T.O.E.); (G.R.)
| | - Eva Bernhart
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Ioanna Plastira
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Helga Reicher
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Christina Leopold
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Thomas O. Eichmann
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (T.O.E.); (G.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Gerald Rechberger
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (T.O.E.); (G.R.)
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Corina T. Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Prasch
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Philipp Eller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria;
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (T.O.E.); (G.R.)
| | - Ernst Malle
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (M.G.); (E.B.); (I.P.); (H.R.); (C.L.); (C.T.M.-S.); (J.P.); (W.F.G.); (D.K.); (E.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; (T.O.E.); (G.R.)
- Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
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19
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Tan-Chen S, Guitton J, Bourron O, Le Stunff H, Hajduch E. Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling in Skeletal Muscle: From Physiology to Physiopathology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:491. [PMID: 32849282 PMCID: PMC7426366 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids represent one of the major classes of eukaryotic lipids. They play an essential structural role, especially in cell membranes where they also possess signaling properties and are capable of modulating multiple cell functions, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. Many sphingolipid derivatives, such as ceramide, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and ganglioside, have been shown to play many crucial roles in muscle under physiological and pathological conditions. This review will summarize our knowledge of sphingolipids and their effects on muscle fate, highlighting the role of this class of lipids in modulating muscle cell differentiation, regeneration, aging, response to insulin, and contraction. We show that modulating sphingolipid metabolism may be a novel and interesting way for preventing and/or treating several muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Guitton
- Université Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Département de Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Université Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Eric Hajduch
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to review the role that renal parenchymal lipid accumulation plays in contributing to diabetic kidney disease (DKD), specifically contributing to the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in glomerular renal cells in the context of DKD development and progression. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in experimental and clinical DKD. Recently, Ayanga et al. demonstrate that podocyte-specific deletion of a protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics protects from DKD progression. Furthermore, our group has recently shown that ATP-binding cassette A1 (a protein involved in cholesterol and phospholipid efflux) is significantly reduced in clinical and experimental DKD and that genetic or pharmacological induction of ABCA1 is sufficient to protect from DKD. ABCA1 deficiency in podocytes leads to mitochondrial dysfunction observed with alterations of mitochondrial lipids, in particular, cardiolipin (a mitochondrial-specific phospholipid). However, through pharmacological reduction of cardiolipin peroxidation DKD progression is reverted. Lipid metabolism is significantly altered in the diabetic kidney and renders cellular components, such as the podocyte, susceptible to injury leading to worsened DKD progression. Dysfunction of the lipid metabolism pathway can also lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial lipid alteration. Future research aimed at targeting mitochondrial lipids content and function could prove to be beneficial for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Michelle Ducasa
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA.
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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21
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Mitrofanova A, Sosa MA, Fornoni A. Lipid mediators of insulin signaling in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1241-F1252. [PMID: 31545927 PMCID: PMC6879940 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00379.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects ∼40% of patients with diabetes and is associated with high mortality rates. Among different cellular targets in DKD, podocytes, highly specialized epithelial cells of the glomerular filtration barrier, are injured in the early stages of DKD. Both clinical and experimental data support the role of preserved insulin signaling as a major contributor to podocyte function and survival. However, little is known about the key modulators of podocyte insulin signaling. This review summarizes the novel knowledge that intracellular lipids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids are major determinants of podocyte insulin signaling. In particular, the implications of these lipids on DKD development, progression, and treatment will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Marie Anne Sosa
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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22
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Funcke JB, Scherer PE. Beyond adiponectin and leptin: adipose tissue-derived mediators of inter-organ communication. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1648-1684. [PMID: 31209153 PMCID: PMC6795086 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r094060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue-secreted signaling mediators (adipokines) have been identified since then, and much has been learned about how adipose tissue communicates with other organs of the body to maintain systemic homeostasis. Beyond proteins, additional factors, such as lipids, metabolites, noncoding RNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by adipose tissue participate in this process. Here, we review the diverse signaling mediators and mechanisms adipose tissue utilizes to relay information to other organs. We discuss recently identified adipokines (proteins, lipids, and metabolites) and briefly outline the contributions of noncoding RNAs and EVs to the ever-increasing complexities of adipose tissue inter-organ communication. We conclude by reflecting on central aspects of adipokine biology, namely, the contribution of distinct adipose tissue depots and cell types to adipokine secretion, the phenomenon of adipokine resistance, and the capacity of adipose tissue to act both as a source and sink of signaling mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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23
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Fang Z, Pyne S, Pyne NJ. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100991. [PMID: 31442525 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Fang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Susan Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161, Cathedral St, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK
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24
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Buie JNJ, Hammad SM, Nietert PJ, Magwood G, Adams RJ, Bonilha L, Sims-Robinson C. Differences in plasma levels of long chain and very long chain ceramides between African Americans and whites: An observational study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216213. [PMID: 31067249 PMCID: PMC6505935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-wide reductions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not been equally shared in the African American community due to a higher burden of CVD risk factors such as metabolic disorders and obesity. Differential concentrations of sphingolipids such as ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been associated with the development of CVD, metabolic disorders (MetD), and obesity. Whether African Americans have disparate expression levels of sphingolipids that explain higher burdens of CVD remains unknown. METHODS A cross sectional analysis of plasma concentrations of ceramides, sphingosine, and S1P were measured from 8 whites and 7 African Americans without metabolic disorders and 7 whites and 8 African Americans with metabolic disorders using high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methodology (HPLC/MS-MS). Subjects were stratified by both race and metabolic status. Subjects with one or more of the following physician confirmed diagnosis: diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or dyslipidemia were classified as having metabolic disease (MetD). Data was analyzed using a Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS Total ceramide levels were increased in African Americans compared to African Americans with MetD. Ceramide C16 levels were higher in whites with MetD compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.05). Ceramide C20 levels were higher in whites with MetD compared to whites. Ceramide C20 levels were higher in African Americans compared to African Americans with MetD. Furthermore, whites with MetD had higher levels of C20 compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.0001). Ceramide C24:0 and C24:1 in African Americans was higher compared to African Americans with MetD (p<0.05). The plasma concentration of Sph-1P ceramide was higher in African Americans vs whites (p = 0.01). Lastly, ceramide C20 negatively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in our study cohort. CONCLUSIONS Plasma ceramide concentration patterns are distinct in African Americans with MetD. Further research with larger samples sizes are needed to confirm these findings and to understand whether racial disparities in sphingolipid concentrations have potential therapeutic implications for CVD-related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy N. Jones Buie
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Samar M. Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Gayenell Magwood
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Adams
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Leonardo Bonilha
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Catrina Sims-Robinson
- WISSDOM Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
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25
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Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:145-159. [PMID: 30951736 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increased adipose tissue mass of obese individuals enhances the risk of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. During pathological expansion of adipose tissue, multiple molecular controls of lipid storage, adipocyte turn-over and endocrine secretion are perturbed and abnormal lipid metabolism results in a distinct lipid profile. There is a role for ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in inducing adipose dysfunction. For instance, the alteration of ceramide biosynthesis, through the de-regulation of key enzymes, results in aberrant formation of ceramides (e.g. C16:0 and C18:0) which block insulin signaling and promote adipose inflammation. Furthermore, S1P can induce defective adipose tissue phenotypes by promoting chronic inflammation and inhibiting adipogenesis. These abnormal changes are discussed in the context of possible therapeutic approaches to re-establish normal adipose function and to, thereby, increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Such novel approaches include blockade of ceramide biosynthesis using inhibitors of sphingomyelinase or dihydroceramide desaturase and by antagonism of S1P receptors, such as S1P2.
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26
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Alterations of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Different Types of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3204. [PMID: 30824725 PMCID: PMC6397209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of sphingolipids in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the sphingolipid characteristics for different types of PCOS using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). A total of 107 women with PCOS and 37 healthy women as normal controls were studied. PCOS patients were further classified into non-obesity with insulin resistance (IR) (NOIR), obesity with IR (OIR), and non-obesity and non-IR (NIR) subgroups. A total of 87 serum sphingolipids, including 9 sphingosines, 3 sphinganines, 1 sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), 19 ceramides (Cers), 1 ceramide-1-phosphate, 44 sphingomyelins (SMs), 4 hexosylceramides, and 6 lactosylceramides (LacCers) were analyzed using an improved sphingolipidomic approach based on LC-MS. Notable elevations in the levels of S1P, Cer, and SM were observed in PCOS patients when compared with healthy women, and SM species with long saturated acyl chains showed potential as novel biomarkers of PCOS. In addition, the level of LacCer was only elevated in NIR, and there was almost no change in NOIR and OIR. This study is the first to report the comprehensive sphingolipidomic profiling of different subgroups of PCOS with or without IR or obesity and suggests that serum sphingolipids might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers for different types of PCOS.
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27
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Cordeiro AV, Silva VRR, Pauli JR, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Moura LP, Ropelle ER. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in skeletal muscle: Physiology, mechanisms, and clinical perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10047-10059. [PMID: 30523638 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids were discovered more than a century ago and were simply considered as a class of cell membrane lipids for a long time. However, after the discovery of several intracellular functions and their role in the control of many physiological and pathophysiological conditions, these molecules have gained much attention. For instance, the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a circulating bioactive sphingolipid capable of triggering strong intracellular reactions through the family of S1P receptors (S1PRs) spread in several cell types and tissues. Recently, the role of S1P in the control of skeletal muscle metabolism, atrophy, regeneration, and metabolic disorders has been widely investigated. In this review, we summarized the knowledge of S1P and its effects in skeletal muscle metabolism, highlighting the role of S1P/S1PRs axis in skeletal muscle regeneration, fatigue, ceramide accumulation, and insulin resistance. Finally, we discussed the physical exercise role in S1P/S1PRs signaling in skeletal muscle cells, and how this nonpharmacological strategy may be prospective for future investigations due to its ability to increase S1P levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- André V Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vagner R R Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Cao R, Li J, Kharel Y, Zhang C, Morris E, Santos WL, Lynch KR, Zuo Z, Hu S. Photoacoustic microscopy reveals the hemodynamic basis of sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced neuroprotection against ischemic stroke. Theranostics 2018; 8:6111-6120. [PMID: 30613286 PMCID: PMC6299683 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Emerging evidence has suggested that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive metabolite of sphingolipids, may play an important role in the pathophysiological processes of cerebral hypoxia and ischemia. However, the influence of S1P on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism remains unclear. Material and Methods: Uniquely capable of high-resolution, label-free, and comprehensive imaging of hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in the mouse brain without the influence of general anesthesia, our newly developed head-restrained multi-parametric photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is well suited for this mechanistic study. Here, combining the cutting-edge PAM and a selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) that can increase the blood S1P level, we investigated the role of S1P in cerebral oxygen supply-demand and its neuroprotective effects on global brain hypoxia induced by nitrogen gas inhalation and focal brain ischemia induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Results: Inhibition of SphK2, which increased the blood S1P, resulted in the elevation of both arterial and venous sO2 in the hypoxic mouse brain, while the cerebral blood flow remained unchanged. As a result, it gradually and significantly reduced the metabolic rate of oxygen. Furthermore, pre-treatment of the mice subject to tMCAO with the SphK2 inhibitor led to decreased infarct volume, improved motor function, and reduced neurological deficit, compared to the control treatment with a less potent R-enantiomer. In contrast, post-treatment with the inhibitor showed no improvement in the stroke outcomes. The failure for the post-treatment to induce neuroprotection was likely due to the relatively slow hemodynamic responses to the SphK2 inhibitor-evoked S1P intervention, which did not take effect before the brain injury was induced. Conclusions: Our results reveal that elevated blood S1P significantly changes cerebral hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism under hypoxia but not normoxia. The improved blood oxygenation and reduced oxygen demand in the hypoxic brain may underlie the neuroprotective effect of S1P against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Yugesh Kharel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Chenchu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Emily Morris
- Department of Chemistry and VT Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Webster L. Santos
- Department of Chemistry and VT Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Kevin R. Lynch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Zhiyi Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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29
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Mihanfar A, Nejabati HR, Fattahi A, Latifi Z, Pezeshkian M, Afrasiabi A, Safaie N, Jodati AR, Nouri M. The role of sphingosine 1 phosphate in coronary artery disease and ischemia reperfusion injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2083-2094. [PMID: 30341893 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaques, as a hallmark of CAD, cause chronic narrowing of coronary arteries over time and could also result in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The standard treatments for ameliorating AMI are reperfusion strategies, which paradoxically result in ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), as a potent lysophospholipid, plays an important role in various organs, including immune and cardiovascular systems. In addition, high-density lipoprotein, as a negative predictor of atherosclerosis and CAD, is a major carrier of S1P in blood circulation. S1P mediates its effects through binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors, and its signaling contributes to a variety of responses, including cardiac inflammation, dysfunction, and I/R injury protection. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in CAD and I/R injury as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Latifi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Pezeshkian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Afrasiabi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Safaie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Jodati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tanaka S, Kanazawa I, Sugimoto T. Visceral fat accumulation is associated with increased plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 143:146-150. [PMID: 30006309 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating evidence has shown that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) plays roles in glucose and fat metabolism. However, the association between plasma S1P levels and fat mass, especially visceral fat mass, remains unknown. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 80 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were recruited to investigate the association of plasma S1P levels with body fat parameters. Visceral (VFA) and subcutaneous fat (SFA) areas were evaluated by performing computed tomography scan, and fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM) were examined by whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, T2DM duration, serum creatinine, and body mass index (BMI) showed that S1P was significantly and positively associated with fasting plasma glucose (β = 0.25, p = 0.027), HbA1c (β = 0.28, p = 0.012), and urine C-peptide (β = 0.29, p = 0.014). Moreover, multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, T2DM duration, serum creatinine, HbA1c, and urine C-peptide showed that BMI (β = 0.32, p = 0.008), VFA (β = 0.33, p = 0.008), SFA (β = 0.26, p = 0.039), FM (β = 0.37, p = 0.003), and LBM (β = 0.35, p = 0.01). FM was significantly and positively associated with S1P after additional adjustment for LBM (β = 0.29, p = 0.028), whereas LBM was not after adjustment for FM. Moreover, VFA was significantly and positively associated with S1P after additional adjustment for SFA (β = 0.27, p = 0.039), whereas SFA was not after adjustment for VFA. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that increased plasma S1P levels are associated with blood glucose levels and accumulation of fat mass, especially visceral fat mass, in men with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ippei Kanazawa
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Toshitsugu Sugimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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Bhat OM, Yuan X, Li G, Lee R, Li PL. Sphingolipids and Redox Signaling in Renal Regulation and Chronic Kidney Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1008-1026. [PMID: 29121774 PMCID: PMC5849286 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Sphingolipids play critical roles in the membrane biology and intracellular signaling events that influence cellular behavior and function. Our review focuses on the cellular mechanisms and functional relevance of the cross talk between sphingolipids and redox signaling, which may be critically implicated in the pathogenesis of different renal diseases. Recent Advances: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sphingolipids can regulate cellular redox homeostasis through the regulation of NADPH oxidase, mitochondrial integrity, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and antioxidant enzymes. Over the last two decades, there have been significant advancements in the field of sphingolipid research, and it was in 2010 for the first time that sphingolipid receptor modulator was exploited as a therapeutic in humans. The cross talk of sphingolipids with redox signaling pathways becomes an important mechanism in the development of many different diseases such as renal diseases. Critical Issues: The critical issues to be addressed in this review are how sphingolipids interact with the redox signaling pathway to regulate renal function and even result in chronic kidney diseases. Ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as main signaling sphingolipids are discussed in more detail. Future Directions: Although sphingolipids and ROS may mediate or modulate cellular responses to physiological and pathological stimuli, more translational studies and mechanistic pursuit in a tissue- or cell-specific way are needed to enhance our understanding of this important topic and to develop effective therapeutic strategies to treat diseases associated with redox signaling and sphingolipid cross talk. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1008-1026.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais M Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xinxu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Guangbi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - RaMi Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Study of the metabolomics characteristics of patients with metabolic syndrome based on liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2017; 79:37-44. [PMID: 29246383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a disease with complex pathophysiology and pathogenesis involving multiple systems of the human body. This study aimed to identify serum metabolites that are relevant to MS. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study involved 40 patients with MS and 28 healthy adults, and the following data were statistically analyzed: basic clinical data, blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, waist circumference, and visceral fat coefficient. Serum samples from both groups were collected and analyzed by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS); multivariate and univariate statistical methods were used to identify potential MS biomarkers and MS-related metabolic pathways. In addition, leucine and valine levels in serum from MS patients and normal subjects were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS In this study, 23 potential biomarkers were identified in the plasma of MS patients. These biomarkers were mainly related to metabolism; the tricarboxylic acid cycle; galactose metabolism; arachidonic acid metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation; and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. ELISAs were utilized to verify serum leucine and valine levels, and the results supported the experimental metabolomics results. CONCLUSIONS In total, 23 MS-related metabolites were identified in the serum; these differential metabolites were mainly associated with lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, glucose metabolism, purine metabolism, and other related metabolic pathways. This study shows that LC/MS-based metabolomics methods can be used to investigate the pathological changes in MS patients and identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis of MS.
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Femlak M, Gluba-Brzózka A, Ciałkowska-Rysz A, Rysz J. The role and function of HDL in patients with diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular risk. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:207. [PMID: 29084567 PMCID: PMC5663054 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem which prevalence is constantly raising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Both diabetes mellitus types (DMT1 and DMT2) are associated with high risk of developing chronic complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. METHODS This is a review of available articles concerning HDL subfractions profile in diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular risk. In this review, HDL dysfunction in diabetes, the impact of HDL alterations on the risk diabetes development as well as the association between disturbed HDL particle in DM and cardiovascular risk is discussed. RESULTS Changes in the amount of circulation lipids, including triglycerides and LDL cholesterol as well as the HDL are frequent also in the course of DMT1 and DMT2. In normal state HDL exerts various antiatherogenic properties, including reverse cholesterol transport, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capacities. However, it has been suggested that in pathological state HDL becomes "dysfunctional" which means that relative composition of lipids and proteins in HDL, as well as enzymatic activities associated to HDL, such as paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase 11 (Lp-PLA2) are altered. HDL properties are compromised in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), due to oxidative modification and glycation of the HDL protein as well as the transformation of the HDL proteome into a proinflammatory protein. Numerous studies confirm that the ability of HDL to suppress inflammatory signals is significantly reduced in this group of patients. However, the exact underlying mechanisms remains to be unravelled in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The understanding of pathological mechanisms underlying HDL dysfunction may enable the development of therapies targeted at specific subpopulations and focusing at the diminishing of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Femlak
- 105 Military Hospital with Outpatient Clinic in Żary, Domańskiego 2, 68-200, Żary, Poland
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, WAM Teaching Hospital of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, Łódź, 90-549, Poland.
| | | | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 113, Łódź, 90-549, Poland
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Bernacchioni C, Ghini V, Cencetti F, Japtok L, Donati C, Bruni P, Turano P. NMR metabolomics highlights sphingosine kinase-1 as a new molecular switch in the orchestration of aberrant metabolic phenotype in cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:517-533. [PMID: 28258651 PMCID: PMC5527469 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong experimental evidence in animal and cellular models supports a pivotal role of sphingosine kinase‐1 (SK1) in oncogenesis. In many human cancers, SK1 levels are upregulated and these increases are linked to poor prognosis in patients. Here, by employing untargeted NMR‐based metabolomic profiling combined with functional validations, we report the crucial role of SK1 in the metabolic shift known as the Warburg effect in A2780 ovarian cancer cells. Indeed, expression of SK1 induced a high glycolytic rate, characterized by increased levels of lactate along with increased expression of the proton/monocarboxylate symporter MCT1, and decreased oxidative metabolism, associated with the accumulation of intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and reduction in CO2 production. Additionally, SK1‐expressing cells displayed a significant increase in glucose uptake paralleled by GLUT3 transporter upregulation. The role of SK1 is not limited to the induction of aerobic glycolysis, affecting metabolic pathways that appear to support the biosynthesis of macromolecules. These findings highlight the role of SK1 signaling axis in cancer metabolic reprogramming, pointing out innovative strategies for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Biomedical, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghini
- CERM and Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Department of Biomedical, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lukasz Japtok
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Biomedical, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Biomedical, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Turano
- CERM and Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy
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Mika A, Sledzinski T. Alterations of specific lipid groups in serum of obese humans: a review. Obes Rev 2017; 18:247-272. [PMID: 27899022 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major contributor to the dysfunction of liver, cardiac, pulmonary, endocrine and reproductive system, as well as a component of metabolic syndrome. Although development of obesity-related disorders is associated with lipid abnormalities, most previous studies dealing with the problem in question were limited to routinely determined parameters, such as serum concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Many authors postulated to extend the scope of analysed lipid compounds and to study obesity-related alterations in other, previously non-examined groups of lipids. Comprehensive quantitative, structural and functional analysis of specific lipid groups may result in identification of new obesity-related alterations. The review summarizes available evidence of obesity-related alterations in various groups of lipids and their impact on health status of obese subjects. Further, the role of diet and endogenous lipid synthesis in the development of serum lipid alterations is discussed, along with potential application of various lipid compounds as risk markers for obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mika
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - T Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Ng ML, Wadham C, Sukocheva OA. The role of sphingolipid signalling in diabetes‑associated pathologies (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:243-252. [PMID: 28075451 PMCID: PMC5358714 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an important signalling enzyme that catalyses the phosphorylation of sphingosine (Sph) to form sphingosine‑1‑phosphate (S1P). The multifunctional lipid, S1P binds to a family of five G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). As an intracellular second messenger, S1P activates key signalling cascades responsible for the maintenance of sphingolipid metabolism, and has been implicated in the progression of cancer, and the development of other inflammatory and metabolic diseases. SphK and S1P are critical molecules involved in the regulation of various cellular metabolic processes, such as cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, adhesion and migration. There is strong evidence supporting the critical roles of SphK and S1P in the progression of diabetes mellitus, including insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, pancreatic β‑cell apoptosis, and the development of diabetic inflammatory state. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge for SphK/S1P signalling effects, associated with the development of insulin resistance, pancreatic β‑cell death and the vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li Ng
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW 2050
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, University Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia
- Correspondence to: Dr Mei Li Ng, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, University Sains Malaysia, No. 1-8 (Lot 8), Persiaran Seksyen 4, 1, Bandar Putra Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia, E-mail:
| | - Carol Wadham
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031
| | - Olga A. Sukocheva
- School of Social Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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Chen W, Lu H, Yang J, Xiang H, Peng H. Sphingosine 1-phosphate in metabolic syndrome (Review). Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1030-8. [PMID: 27600830 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a clustering of components, is closely associated with the development and prognosis of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid with paracrine and autocrine effects, which is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension through extracellular and intracellular signals to achieve a variety of biological functions. However, there is controversy regarding the role of S1P in MetS; the specific role played by S1P remains unclear. It ameliorates abnormal energy metabolism and deviant adipogenesis and mediates inflammation in obesity. Despite the fact that sphingosine kinase (SphK)2/S1P increases the glucose‑stimulated insulin secretion of β-cells, more evidence showed that activation of the SphK1/S1P/S1P2R pathway inhibited the feedback loop of insulin secretion and sensitivity. The majority of S1P1R activation improves diabetes whereas S1P2R activation worsens the condition. In hyperlipidemia, S1P binds to high-density lipoprotein, low‑density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein exerting different effects. Moreover, low concentrations of S1P lead to vasodilation whereas high concentrations of S1P result in vasocontraction of isolated arterioles. This review discusses the means by which different SphKs, S1P concentrations or S1P receptor subtypes results to diverse result in MetS, and then examines the role of S1P in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Peng
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Blankenbach KV, Schwalm S, Pfeilschifter J, Meyer Zu Heringdorf D. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor-2 Antagonists: Therapeutic Potential and Potential Risks. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:167. [PMID: 27445808 PMCID: PMC4914510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling system with its specific G-protein-coupled S1P receptors, the enzymes of S1P metabolism and the S1P transporters, offers a multitude of promising targets for drug development. Until today, drug development in this area has nearly exclusively focused on (functional) antagonists at the S1P1 receptor, which cause a unique phenotype of immunomodulation. Accordingly, the first-in class S1P1 receptor modulator, fingolimod, has been approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, and novel S1P1 receptor (functional) antagonists are being developed for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus erythematodes, or polymyositis. Besides the S1P1 receptor, also S1P2 and S1P3 are widely expressed and regulate many diverse functions throughout the body. The S1P2 receptor, in particular, often exerts cellular functions which are opposed to the functions of the S1P1 receptor. As a consequence, antagonists at the S1P2 receptor have the potential to be useful in a contrasting context and different areas of indication compared to S1P1 antagonists. The present review will focus on the therapeutic potential of S1P2 receptor antagonists and discuss their opportunities as well as their potential risks. Open questions and areas which require further investigations will be emphasized in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira V Blankenbach
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schwalm
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dagmar Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Bellini L, Campana M, Mahfouz R, Carlier A, Véret J, Magnan C, Hajduch E, Le Stunff H. Targeting sphingolipid metabolism in the treatment of obesity/type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1037-50. [PMID: 25814122 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1028359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major factor that is linked to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Excess circulating fatty acids (FAs), which characterize obesity, induce insulin resistance, steatosis, β cells dysfunction and apoptosis. These deleterious effects have been defined as lipotoxicity. AREAS COVERED FAs are metabolized to different lipid species, including ceramides which play a crucial role in lipotoxicity. The action of ceramides on tissues, such as muscle, liver, adipose tissue and pancreatic β cells, during the development of T2D will also be reviewed. In addition, the potential antagonist action of other sphingolipids, namely sphingoid base phosphates, on lipotoxicity in skeletal muscle and β cells will be addressed. EXPERT OPINION Ceramide is a critical mediator to the development of T2D linked to obesity. Targeting proteins involved in ceramide's deleterious action has not been possible due to their involvement in many other intracellular signaling pathways. A possible means of counteracting ceramide action would be to prevent the accumulation of the specific ceramide species involved in both insulin resistance and β-cell apoptosis/dysfunction. Another possibility would be to adjust the dynamic balance between ceramide and sphingoid base phosphate, both known to display opposing properties on the development of T2D-linked obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bellini
- Université PARIS-DIDEROT (7), Unité Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative - UMR CNRS 8251, Équipe Régulation de la glycémie par le système nerveux central (REGLYS) , 4, rue Marie-Andrée Lagroua Weill-Halle, 75205 PARIS Cedex 13 , France +01 57 27 77 97 ; +01 57 27 77 96 ;
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Switching the sphingolipid rheostat in the treatment of diabetes and cancer comorbidity from a problem to an advantage. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:165105. [PMID: 25866760 PMCID: PMC4383402 DOI: 10.1155/2015/165105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and diabetes are among the most common diseases in western societies. Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetic patients have a significantly higher risk of developing a number of different types of cancers and that individuals with comorbidity (cancer and diabetes/prediabetes) have a poorer prognosis relative to nondiabetic cancer patients. The increasing frequency of comorbidity of cancer and diabetes mellitus, mainly type 2 diabetes, has driven the development of therapeutic interventions that target both disease states. There is strong evidence to suggest that balancing the sphingolipid rheostat, ceramide--sphingosine--sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is crucial in the prevention of diabetes and cancer and sphingosine kinase/S1P modulators are currently under development for the treatment of cancer and diabetes. This paper will highlight some of the complexities inherent in the use of the emerging sphingosine kinase/S1P modulators in the treatment of comorbidity of diabetes and cancer.
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41
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Egom EE. Sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling as a therapeutic target for patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and ischaemic heart disease. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 15:517-24. [PMID: 23839592 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283639755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities of glucose metabolism in patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) are common and are associated with a poor outcome in patients with and without diabetes. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid which has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity in rodents and to increase myocardial tolerance to ischaemia. In the present review, I explore the relevance of S1P signalling pathway to IHD and abnormalities in glucose tolerance, and its potential as a therapeutic target for patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel E Egom
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Hage Hassan R, Bourron O, Hajduch E. Defect of insulin signal in peripheral tissues: Important role of ceramide. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:244-257. [PMID: 24936246 PMCID: PMC4058729 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In healthy people, balance between glucose production and its utilization is precisely controlled. When circulating glucose reaches a critical threshold level, pancreatic β cells secrete insulin that has two major actions: to lower circulating glucose levels by facilitating its uptake mainly into skeletal muscle while inhibiting its production by the liver. Interestingly, dietary triglycerides are the main source of fatty acids to fulfill energy needs of oxidative tissues. Normally, the unconsumed fraction of excess of fatty acids is stored in lipid droplets that are localized in adipocytes to provide energy during fasting periods. Thus, adipose tissue acts as a trap for fatty acid excess liberated from plasma triglycerides. When the buffering action of adipose tissue to store fatty acids is impaired, fatty acids that build up in other tissues are metabolized as sphingolipid derivatives such as ceramides. Several studies suggest that ceramides are among the most active lipid second messengers to inhibit the insulin signaling pathway and this review describes the major role played by ceramide accumulation in the development of insulin resistance of peripherals tissues through the targeting of specific proteins of the insulin signaling pathway.
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Verma MK, Yateesh AN, Neelima K, Pawar N, Sandhya K, Poornima J, Lakshmi MN, Yogeshwari S, Pallavi PM, Oommen AM, Somesh BP, Jagannath MR. Inhibition of neutral sphingomyelinases in skeletal muscle attenuates fatty-acid induced defects in metabolism and stress. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:255. [PMID: 24892004 PMCID: PMC4039661 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic metabolic overload leads to insulin resistance in a variety of tissues. It has been shown that exposure to saturated fatty acid palmitate can cause insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Fatty acid induced synthesis of ceramide is considered to be one of the major causes for insulin resistance. Both de novo synthesis and sphingomyelin hydrolysis by sphingomyelinase are implicated for ceramide generation. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) inhibition on saturated fatty acid induced lipotoxicity and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle myotubes. Results Treatment of saturated fatty acid (palmitate) but not unsaturated fatty acid (oleate) caused an up-regulation in expression of various nSMase genes which are associated with ceramide synthesis through the salvage pathway. Inhibition of nSMase by a pharmacological inhibitor (GW4869) partially reverted the palmitate induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. Inhibition of nSMase improved metabolic functions of myotubes as measured by improved oxidative capacity in terms of increased mitochondrial number, PGC1α expression and ATP levels with concomitant decrease in intramyocellular triglyceride levels. Palmitate induced inflammatory response was also reduced by nSMase inhibitor. GW4869 treatment reduced palmitate induced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress and improved cell survival. Conclusion In this study, we provide evidences that inhibition of nSMase can protect skeletal muscles from saturated fatty acid induced insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, cellular stress and inflammation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-255) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Verma
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Aggunda Nagaraju Yateesh
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Korrapati Neelima
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Niketa Pawar
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Kandoor Sandhya
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Jayaram Poornima
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Mudigere N Lakshmi
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Sivakumaran Yogeshwari
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Puttrevana M Pallavi
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Anup M Oommen
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Baggavalli P Somesh
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
| | - Madanahalli R Jagannath
- Connexios Life Sciences Private Ltd., No. 49, First Main road, 3rd phase, JP Nagar, Bangalore, 560 078 India
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Kurano M, Hara M, Tsuneyama K, Sakoda H, Shimizu T, Tsukamoto K, Ikeda H, Yatomi Y. Induction of insulin secretion by apolipoprotein M, a carrier for sphingosine 1-phosphate. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1217-26. [PMID: 24814049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been proposed to enhance β-cell functions. Clinical studies have suggested that apolipoprotein M (apoM), which rides mainly on HDL, is involved in diabetes; however, the underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Recently, apoM was shown to be a carrier for sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator. In the present study, we investigated the modulation of insulin secretion by apoM through the action of S1P. METHODS AND RESULTS We overexpressed apoM in the livers of C57BL6 mice using adenovirus gene transfer and found that the blood glucose levels under ad libitum feeding conditions were lower in the apoM-overexpressing mice. While an insulin tolerance test revealed that insulin sensitivity was not significantly affected, a glucose tolerance test revealed that apoM-overexpressing mice had a better glucose tolerance because of enhanced insulin secretion, a phenomenon that was reversed by treatment with VPC 23019, an antagonist against S1P1 and S1P3 receptor. In vitro experiments with MIN6 cells also revealed that apoM-containing lipoproteins enhanced insulin secretion, which was again inhibited by VPC 23019. ApoM retarded the degradation of S1P, and an increase in Pdx1 expression, the attenuation of endoreticulum stress, and the phosphorylation of Akt, AmpK, and Erk were observed as possible underlying mechanisms for the effect of S1P, maintained at a high concentration by apoM, on the increase in insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS ApoM augmented insulin secretion by maintaining the S1P concentration under both in vivo and in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masumi Hara
- The Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Sakoda
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomo Shimizu
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Research & Development Division, Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Tsukamoto
- Department of Metabolism, Diabetes and Nephrology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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Rapizzi E, Ercolino T, Fucci R, Zampetti B, Felici R, Guasti D, Morandi A, Giannoni E, Giaché V, Bani D, Chiarugi A, Mannelli M. Succinate dehydrogenase subunit B mutations modify human neuroblastoma cell metabolism and proliferation. Discov Oncol 2014; 5:174-84. [PMID: 24595825 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-014-0172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumours. About 30-40 % of these tumours are mutated in one of the different susceptibility genes, including those encoding the different subunits of the succinate dehydrogenase, a complex involved both in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and in the oxygen transport chain. The aim of this work was to investigate whether SDHB mutations may account for alterations in cell metabolism and functions. Since human PGL cell lines are not available, we used the neuroblastoma cell line (SK-N-AS) stably transfected with the wild-type human SDHB or different SDHB-mutated constructs carrying some significant mutations found in our patients affected by PGLs. Similarly to succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-mutated tumour cells, mutated SK-N-AS clones showed reduced SDH enzyme activity. All clones showed normal citrate synthase activity, reduced oxygen consumption and reduced carbonic anhydride production, thus demonstrating a decreased in mitochondrial metabolism. In two of the three mutated SK-N-AS, we also found an increase in HIF1α expression. Surprisingly and unexpectedly, in all the SDHB-mutated clones, we found a significant decrease in glucose uptake and in lactate culture medium concentration, suggesting also a decrease of cytosolic metabolism. Finally, we found that these energetic changes were associated to an increase in cell proliferation and migration. Overall, these data demonstrate that although SDHB mutations significantly downregulate both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic cellular metabolism, these mutations are associated to an upregulation of some cellular functions, such as growth rate and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rapizzi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
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Fayyaz S, Henkel J, Japtok L, Krämer S, Damm G, Seehofer D, Püschel GP, Kleuser B. Involvement of sphingosine 1-phosphate in palmitate-induced insulin resistance of hepatocytes via the S1P2 receptor subtype. Diabetologia 2014; 57:373-82. [PMID: 24292566 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Enhanced plasma levels of NEFA have been shown to induce hepatic insulin resistance, which contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes. Indeed, sphingolipids can be formed via a de novo pathway from the saturated fatty acid palmitate and the amino acid serine. Besides ceramides, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been identified as a major bioactive lipid mediator. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the generation and function of S1P in hepatic insulin resistance. METHODS The incorporation of palmitate into sphingolipids was performed by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-MS/MS in primary human and rat hepatocytes. The influence of S1P and the involvement of S1P receptors in hepatic insulin resistance was examined in human and rat hepatocytes, as well as in New Zealand obese (NZO) mice. RESULTS Palmitate induced an impressive formation of extra- and intracellular S1P in rat and human hepatocytes. An elevation of hepatic S1P levels was observed in NZO mice fed a high-fat diet. Once generated, S1P was able, similarly to palmitate, to counteract insulin signalling. The inhibitory effect of S1P was abolished in the presence of the S1P2 receptor antagonist JTE-013 both in vitro and in vivo. In agreement with this, the immunomodulator FTY720-phosphate, which binds to all S1P receptors except S1P2, was not able to inhibit insulin signalling. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data indicate that palmitate is metabolised by hepatocytes to S1P, which acts via stimulation of the S1P2 receptor to impair insulin signalling. In particular, S1P2 inhibition could be considered as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Fayyaz
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Toxicology, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Potsdam, Germany
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Mikłosz A, Łukaszuk B, Baranowski M, Górski J, Chabowski A. Effects of inhibition of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) on palmitate induced insulin resistance in L6 myotubes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e85547. [PMID: 24376889 PMCID: PMC3871603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to examine the effects of short (2 h) and prolonged (18 h) inhibition of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) on palmitate (PA) induced insulin resistance in L6 myotubes. Methods L6 myotubes were treated simultaneously with either PA and myriocin (SPT inhibitor) or PA and Ski II (SphK1inhibitor) for different time periods (2 h and 18 h). Insulin stimulated glucose uptake was measured using radioactive isotope. Expression of insulin signaling proteins was determined using Western blot analyses. Intracellular sphingolipids content [sphinganine (SFA), ceramide (CER), sphingosine (SFO), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)] were estimated by HPLC. Results Our results revealed that both short and prolonged time of inhibition of SPT by myriocin was sufficient to prevent ceramide accumulation and simultaneously reverse palmitate induced inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose transport. In contrast, prolonged inhibition of SphK1 intensified the effect of PA on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and attenuated further the activity of insulin signaling proteins (pGSK3β/GSK3β ratio) in L6 myotubes. These effects were related to the accumulation of sphingosine in palmitate treated myotubes. Conclusion Myriocin is more effective in restoration of palmitate induced insulin resistance in L6 myocytes, despite of the time of SPT inhibition, comparing to SKII (a specific SphK1 inhibitor). Observed changes in insulin signaling proteins were related to the content of specific sphingolipids, namely to the reduction of ceramide. Interestingly, inactivation of SphK1 augmented the effect of PA induced insulin resistance in L6 myotubes, which was associated with further inhibition of insulin stimulated PKB and GSK3β phosphorylation, glucose uptake and the accumulation of sphingosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Bartłomiej Łukaszuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Baranowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jan Górski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Donati C, Cencetti F, Bruni P. Sphingosine 1-phosphate axis: a new leader actor in skeletal muscle biology. Front Physiol 2013; 4:338. [PMID: 24324439 PMCID: PMC3839259 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid involved in the regulation of biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Here we review the role of S1P in the biology and homeostasis of skeletal muscle. S1P derives from the catabolism of sphingomyelin and is produced by sphingosine phosphorylation catalyzed by sphingosine kinase (SK). S1P can act either intracellularly or extracellularly through specific ligation to its five G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) named S1P receptors (S1PR). Many experimental findings obtained in the last 20 years demonstrate that S1P and its metabolism play a multifaceted role in the regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration. Indeed, this lipid is known to activate muscle-resident satellite cells, regulating their proliferation and differentiation, as well as mesenchymal progenitors such as mesoangioblasts that originate outside skeletal muscle, both involved in tissue repair following an injury or disease. The molecular mechanism of action of S1P in skeletal muscle cell precursors is highly complex, especially because S1P axis is under the control of a number of growth factors and cytokines, canonical regulators of skeletal muscle biology. Moreover, this lipid is crucially involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle contractile properties, responsiveness to insulin, fatigue resistance and tropism. Overall, on the basis of these findings S1P signaling appears to be an appealing pharmacological target for improving skeletal muscle repair. Nevertheless, further understanding is required on the regulation of S1P downstream signaling pathways and the expression of S1PR. This article will resume our current knowledge on S1P signaling in skeletal muscle, hopefully stimulating further investigation in the field, aimed at individuating novel molecular targets for ameliorating skeletal muscle regeneration and reducing fibrosis of the tissue after a trauma or due to skeletal muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Donati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche, University of Florence Florence, Italy ; Istituto Interuniversitario di Miologia Italy
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Kowalski GM, Carey AL, Selathurai A, Kingwell BA, Bruce CR. Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate is elevated in obesity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72449. [PMID: 24039766 PMCID: PMC3765451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional lipid metabolism is a hallmark of obesity and insulin resistance and a risk factor for various cardiovascular and metabolic complications. In addition to the well known increase in plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids, recent work in humans and rodents has shown that obesity is associated with elevations in the bioactive class of sphingolipids known as ceramides. However, in obesity little is known about the plasma concentrations of sphinogsine-1-phosphate (S1P), the breakdown product of ceramide, which is an important signaling molecule in mammalian biology. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of obesity on circulating S1P concentration and its relationship with markers of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Methodology/Principal Findings Plasma S1P levels were determined in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice along with obese humans. Circulating S1P was elevated in both obese mouse models and in obese humans compared with lean healthy controls. Furthermore, in humans, plasma S1P positively correlated with total body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c (%), total and LDL cholesterol. In addition, fasting increased plasma S1P levels in lean healthy mice. Conclusion We show that elevations in plasma S1P are a feature of both human and rodent obesity and correlate with metabolic abnormalities such as adiposity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg M. Kowalski
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew L. Carey
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ahrathy Selathurai
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bronwyn A. Kingwell
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clinton R. Bruce
- Integrative Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Zhang Q, Wan R, Guo R, Jin L, Liu Y, Li S. Long-term high density lipoprotein infusion ameliorates metabolic phenotypes of diabetic db/db mice. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2013; 29:130-8. [PMID: 23166092 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower quantity and quality of high density lipoprotein (HDL) are important characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Acute HDL infusion results in a greater fall of plasma glucose in diabetes patients. Here, we aim to investigate the influence of long-term HDL infusion on metabolic phenotypes of diabetic db/db mice. METHODS High density lipoprotein was introduced to db/db mice twice a week for 4 weeks. The phenotypes of the mice were monitored by analyzing metabolic parameters. Glycogen analysis was performed with amyloglucosidase. The corresponding signaling molecules were detected by western blot. RESULTS Long-term introduction of HDL decreased plasma glucose levels of db/db mice. Glycogen deposition was enhanced in gastrocnemius muscle, paralleling the elevated glycogen synthase kinase-3 phosphorylation. Meanwhile, increased Akt-Ser473 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase phosphorylations were detected in the muscle. Moreover, HDL reduced blood glucose and free fatty acids and improved pancreatic islet structure and function with increased C-peptide. Furthermore, decreased interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, resistin, and malondialdehyde, as well as enhanced leptin levels were detected in HDL-treated mice. CONCLUSION Results of the present study suggest that long-term HDL infusion has positive therapeutic effects on the metabolic disturbances of db/db diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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