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Gupta R, Shivashankar R, Kondal D, Gokulakrishnan K, Patel SA, Ali MK, Narayan KMV, Mohan V, Tandon N, Prabhakaran D. Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines and hepatokine with incident diabetes in India: a nested case-control study within CARRS cohort. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:577-586. [PMID: 38315202 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To study the association of pro-inflammatory markers with incident diabetes in India. METHODS We did a nested case-control study within the CARRS (Centre for Ardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia) cohort. Of the 5739 diabetes-free individuals at the baseline, 216 participants with incident diabetes and 432 age-, gender- and city-matched controls at 2-year follow-up were included. We measured high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1), adiponectin, leptin and fetuin-A in the stored baseline blood samples. We did multivariate conditional logistic regression to estimate association of inflammatory markers (as quartiles) and incident diabetes. Covariates were baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipids, body mass index (BMI), family history of diabetes, smoking and alcohol use. RESULTS Baseline hsCRP and TNF-α were higher, and IL-6 and adiponectin were lower among cases vs. controls. In multivariate conditional logistic regression models, only quartile-3 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.96 [95% CI:1.39, 6.30]) and quartile-4 (OR: 2.58 [95% CI: 1.15, 5.79]) of TNF-α and quartile-4 of MCP-1 (OR: 2.55 [95% CI: 1.06, 6.16]) were positively associated with diabetes after adjusting for baseline FPG and BMI. These associations did not remain after adjusting for family history. High level (quartile-4) of IL-6 was negatively associated with diabetes after adjusting for all factors (OR: 0.18 [95% CI: 0.06, 0.55]). CONCLUSIONS Higher TNF-α and MCP-1 levels and lower IL-6 were associated with higher risk of developing diabetes. Better understanding and potential methods of addressing these biomarkers, especially in relation to family history, are needed to address diabetes in South Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Gupta
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India.
| | | | - Dimple Kondal
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shivani A Patel
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Mohammed K Ali
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - K M Venkat Narayan
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Nikhil Tandon
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Liu H, Geravandi S, Grasso AM, Sikdar S, Pugliese A, Maedler K. Enteroviral infections are not associated with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1236574. [PMID: 38027145 PMCID: PMC10643152 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1236574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction For more than a century, enteroviral infections have been associated with autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Uncontrolled viral response pathways repeatedly presented during childhood highly correlate with autoimmunity and T1D. Virus responses evoke chemokines and cytokines, the "cytokine storm" circulating through the body and attack cells especially vulnerable to inflammatory destruction. Intra-islet inflammation is a major trigger of β-cell failure in both T1D and T2D. The genetic contribution of islet inflammation pathways is apparent in T1D, with several mutations in the interferon system. In contrast, in T2D, gene mutations are related to glucose homeostasis in β cells and insulin-target tissue and rarely within viral response pathways. Therefore, the current study evaluated whether enteroviral RNA can be found in the pancreas from organ donors with T2D and its association with disease progression. Methods Pancreases from well-characterized 29 organ donors with T2D and 15 age- and BMI-matched controls were obtained from the network for pancreatic organ donors with diabetes and were analyzed in duplicates. Single-molecule fluorescence in-situ hybridization analyses were performed using three probe sets to detect positive-strand enteroviral RNA; pancreas sections were co-stained by classical immunostaining for insulin and CD45. Results There was no difference in the presence or localization of enteroviral RNA in control nondiabetic and T2D pancreases; viral infiltration showed large heterogeneity in both groups ranging from 0 to 94 virus+ cells scattered throughout the pancreas, most of them in the exocrine pancreas. Very rarely, a single virus+ cell was found within islets or co-stained with CD45+ immune cells. Only one single T2D donor presented an exceptionally high number of viruses, similarly as seen previously in T1D, which correlated with a highly reduced number of β cells. Discussion No association of enteroviral infection in the pancreas and T2D diabetes could be found. Despite great similarities in inflammatory markers in islets in T1D and T2D, long-term enteroviral infiltration is a distinct pathological feature of T1D-associated autoimmunity and in T1D pancreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- The JDRF nPOD-Virus Group
| | - Shirin Geravandi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- The JDRF nPOD-Virus Group
| | - Ausilia Maria Grasso
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Saheri Sikdar
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alberto Pugliese
- The JDRF nPOD-Virus Group
- Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leonard Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Diabetes Immunology & The Wanek Family Project for Type 1 Diabetes, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- The JDRF nPOD-Virus Group
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Stenberg K, Novotny GW, Lutz TA, Mandrup-Poulsen T, Bjørnvad CR. Obesity-induced changes in gene expression in feline adipose and skeletal muscle tissue. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1262-1278. [PMID: 36591865 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Indoor-confined cats are prone to developing obesity due to a sedentary life and an energy intake exceeding energy requirements. As in humans, feline obesity decreases insulin sensitivity and increases the risk of developing feline diabetes mellitus, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are currently poorly understood. Human obesity-related metabolic alterations seem to relate to changes in the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism, insulin action and inflammation. The objective of the current study was to investigate changes in the expression of genes relating to obesity, glucose metabolism and inflammation in cats with non-experimentally induced obesity. Biopsies from the sartorius muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained from 73 healthy, neutered, indoor-confined domestic shorthaired cats ranging from lean to obese. Quantification of obesity-related gene expression levels relative to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A negative association between obesity and adiponectin expression was observed in the adipose tissue (mean ± SD; normal weight, 27.30 × 10-3 ± 77.14 × 10-3 ; overweight, 2.89 × 10-3 ± 0.38 × 10-3 and obese, 2.93 × 10-3 ± 4.20 × 10-3 , p < 0.05). In muscle, the expression of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ2 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 was increased in the obese compared to the normal-weight cats, and resistin was increased in the normal-weight compared to the overweight cats. There were no detectable obesity-related changes in the messenger RNA levels of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, a possible obesity-related low-grade inflammation caused by increased expression of key proinflammatory regulators was not observed. This could imply that the development of feline obesity and ensuing insulin resistance may not be based on tissue-derived inflammation, but caused by several determining factors, many of which still need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Stenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Guy W Novotny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Departments of Hematology/Pathology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Lutz
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Charlotte Reinhard Bjørnvad
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Li X, Wu J, Wu Y, Duan Z, Luo M, Li L, Li S, Jia Y. Imbalance of Vaginal Microbiota and Immunity: Two Main Accomplices of Cervical Cancer in Chinese Women. Int J Womens Health 2023; 15:987-1002. [PMID: 37424699 PMCID: PMC10329453 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s406596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation of female vaginal microbiota and immune factors with cervical cancer. Methods The distribution pattern difference of vaginal microbiota of four groups of women (cervical cancer, HPV-positive CIN, HPV-positive non-CIN, and HPV-negative groups) were compared by microbial 16S rDNA sequencing. The protein chip was used to detect the composition and changes of the immune factors in the four groups. Results Alpha diversity analysis demonstrated that the diversity of the vaginal microbiota was increased as the disease develops. Among those bacteria abundant in the vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Gardnerella dominate at the genus level of vaginal flora. Compared with the HPV-negative group, the differentially dominant bacteria, such as Prevotella, Ralstonia, Gardnerella and Sneathia, are enriched in the cervical cancer group. Likewise, Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Sneathia are more in the HPV-positive CIN group, while Gardnerella and Prevotella in the HPV-positive non-CIN group, respectively. In contrast, Lactobacillus and Atopobium are dominant in the HPV-negative group (LDA>4log10). The concentration of inflammatory immune factors IP-10 and VEGF-A were increased in the cervical cancer group (P < 0.05), compared with other groups. Conclusion The occurrence of cervical cancer is related to an increase of vaginal microbiota diversity and up-regulation of inflammatory immune factor proteins. The abundance of Lactobacillus was decreased while the one of Prevotella and Gardnerella were increased in the cervical cancer group, compared with other three groups. Moreover, the IP-10 and VEGF-A were also increased in the cervical cancer group. Thus, evaluation of changes in the vaginal microbiota and these two immune factor levels might be a potential non-invasive and simple method to predict cervical cancer. Furthermore, it is significant to adjust and restore the balance of vaginal microbiota and maintain normal immune function in preventing and treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoning Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
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Ssekamatte P, Sande OJ, van Crevel R, Biraro IA. Immunologic, metabolic and genetic impact of diabetes on tuberculosis susceptibility. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1122255. [PMID: 36756113 PMCID: PMC9899803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) globally, the interaction between DM and major global diseases like tuberculosis (TB) is of great public health significance, with evidence of DM having about a three-fold risk for TB disease. TB defense may be impacted by diabetes-related effects on immunity, metabolism, and gene transcription. An update on the epidemiological aspects of DM and TB, and the recent trends in understanding the DM-associated immunologic, metabolic, and genetic mechanisms of susceptibility to TB will be discussed in this review. This review highlights gaps in the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that may relate to TB susceptibility in type 2 DM (T2DM). Understanding these three main domains regarding mechanisms of TB susceptibility in T2DM patients can help us build practical treatment plans to lessen the combined burden of the diseases in rampant areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Ssekamatte
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo James Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Reinout van Crevel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Irene Andia Biraro
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Mendham AE, Micklesfield LK, Karpe F, Kengne AP, Chikowore T, Kufe CN, Masemola M, Crowther NJ, Norris SA, Olsson T, Elmståhl S, Fall T, Lind L, Goedecke JH. Targeted proteomics identifies potential biomarkers of dysglycaemia, beta cell function and insulin sensitivity in Black African men and women. Diabetologia 2023; 66:174-189. [PMID: 36114877 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Using a targeted proteomics approach, we aimed to identify and validate circulating proteins associated with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and type 2 diabetes in a Black South African cohort. In addition, we assessed sex-specific associations between the validated proteins and pathophysiological pathways of type 2 diabetes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included Black South African men (n=380) and women (n=375) who were part of the Middle-Aged Soweto Cohort (MASC). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine fat mass and visceral adipose tissue, and fasting venous blood samples were collected for analysis of glucose, insulin and C-peptide and for targeted proteomics, measuring a total of 184 pre-selected protein biomarkers. An OGTT was performed on participants without diabetes, and peripheral insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), HOMA-IR, basal insulin clearance, insulin secretion (C-peptide index) and beta cell function (disposition index) were estimated. Participants were classified as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=546), IGM (n=116) or type 2 diabetes (n=93). Proteins associated with dysglycaemia (IGM or type 2 diabetes) in the MASC were validated in the Swedish EpiHealth cohort (NGT, n=1706; impaired fasting glucose, n=550; type 2 diabetes, n=210). RESULTS We identified 73 proteins associated with dysglycaemia in the MASC, of which 34 were validated in the EpiHealth cohort. Among these validated proteins, 11 were associated with various measures of insulin dynamics, with the largest number of proteins being associated with HOMA-IR. In sex-specific analyses, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) was associated with lower HOMA-IR in women (coefficient -0.35; 95% CI -0.44, -0.25) and men (coefficient -0.09; 95% CI -0.15, -0.03). Metalloproteinase inhibitor 4 (TIMP4) was associated with higher insulin secretion (coefficient 0.05; 95% CI 0.001, 0.11; p for interaction=0.025) and beta cell function (coefficient 0.06; 95% CI 0.02, 0.09; p for interaction=0.013) in women only. In contrast, a stronger positive association between IGFBP2 and insulin sensitivity determined using an OGTT (coefficient 0.38; 95% CI 0.27, 0.49) was observed in men (p for interaction=0.004). A posteriori analysis showed that the associations between TIMP4 and insulin dynamics were not mediated by adiposity. In contrast, most of the associations between IGFBP2 and insulin dynamics, except for insulin secretion, were mediated by either fat mass index or visceral adipose tissue in men and women. Fat mass index was the strongest mediator between IGFBP2 and insulin sensitivity (total effect mediated 40.7%; 95% CI 37.0, 43.6) and IGFBP2 and HOMA-IR (total effect mediated 39.1%; 95% CI 31.1, 43.5) in men. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We validated 34 proteins that were associated with type 2 diabetes, of which 11 were associated with measures of type 2 diabetes pathophysiology such as peripheral insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. This study highlights biomarkers that are similar between cohorts of different ancestry, with different lifestyles and sociodemographic profiles. The African-specific biomarkers identified require validation in African cohorts to identify risk markers and increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes in African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Mendham
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Lisa K Micklesfield
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tinashe Chikowore
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Clement N Kufe
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maphoko Masemola
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nigel J Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service and University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shane A Norris
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tommy Olsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Julia H Goedecke
- South African Medical Research Council/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre, International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Bahrampour N, Shiraseb F, Noori S, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. Is there any putative mediatory role of inflammatory markers on the association between ultra-processed foods and resting metabolic rate? Front Nutr 2022; 9:932225. [PMID: 36313082 PMCID: PMC9606709 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.932225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The resting metabolic rate (RMR) represents the largest component of total daily energy expenditure. The sale of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is increasing globally; however, UPF can have many adverse effects, including increasing inflammatory markers and altering RMRs. This cross-sectional study included 285 healthy overweight and obese women. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 770 scanner. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), plasminogen activator-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) blood levels were measured after a 12-h fasting. Indirect calorimetry was used to evaluate the RMR by using the Weir equation, and RMR deviation (RMR estimated - RMR actual), RMR per body mass index (BMI), and free fat mass (FFM) were estimated. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used, and seven groups of UPFs were extracted based on the NOVA method. A negative association between the RMR [β = -0.159, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.471, -0.052, P = 0.044], RMR per BMI (β = -0.014, 95% CI: -0.025, -0.006, P = 0.036), and RMR per FFM (β = -0.241, 95% CI: -0.006, -0.000, P = 0.041) using the NOVA score was observed after adjusting for confounders. This association disappeared after inclusion of each inflammatory marker. All the markers may inversely mediate the relationship between the mentioned variables and the NOVA score. hs-CRP and MCP-1 also had a negative effect on the relationship between the NOVA score and RMR deviation. Finally, UPF intake is likely related with the RMR, mediated through changes in the production of hs-CRP, PAI-1, MCP-1, and IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Noori
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Khadijeh Mirzaei, ;
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Stenberg K, Gensby L, Cremer SE, Nielsen MM, Bjørnvad CR. Analytical performance of a canine ELISA monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 assay for use in cats and evaluation of circulating levels in normal weight and obese cats. Acta Vet Scand 2022; 64:22. [PMID: 36064726 PMCID: PMC9446815 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-022-00640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In human and murine obesity, adipose tissue dwelling macrophages and adipocytes produce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) leading to systemic low-grade inflammation. The aim of the study was to validate a canine MCP-1 ELISA assay for use in cats and to investigate whether a difference in MCP-1 concentrations could be detected between: a) cats having normal or elevated circulating serum amyloid A (SAA) levels and b) normal weight and obese cats. Serum obtained from 36 client-owned cats of various breed, age and sex with normal (n = 20) to elevated SAA (n = 16) was used for the validation of the canine MCP-1 ELISA assay. As no golden standard exists for measurement of inflammation, circulating MCP-1 concentrations were compared to SAA measurements, as an indicator of systemic inflammation. Analytical precision, dilution recovery and detection limit were calculated. A possible correlation between MCP-1 concentrations and obesity related measures (body fat percentage (BF%), insulin sensitivity and cytokine expression) were investigated in another population of 73 healthy, lean to obese, neutered domestic short-haired cats. RESULTS Intra- (2.7-4.1%) and inter-assay (2.2-3.6%) coefficient of variation and dilution recovery were acceptable, and the detection limit was 27.1 pg/mL. MCP-1 did not correlate with SAA, and there was no difference between the inflammatory (SAA > 20 mg/L) and non-inflammatory group, due to a marked overlap in MCP-1 concentrations. Circulating MCP-1 concentrations were unaffected by BF% (r2 = 2.7 × 10-6, P = 0.21) and other obesity-related markers. CONCLUSIONS The present canine ELISA assay seems to be able to measure circulating feline MCP-1. However, further studies are needed to determine its possible use for detecting inflammation in relation to disease processes or obesity-related low-grade inflammation in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Stenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Line Gensby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Present Address: AniCura Vangede Animal Hospital, Plantevej 2, 2870 Dyssegård, Denmark
| | - Signe Emilie Cremer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Present Address: Coloplast, Holtedam 1-3, 3050 Humlebæk, Denmark
| | - Michelle Møller Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Reinhard Bjørnvad
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Luotola K. IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1Ra) Levels and Management of Metabolic Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163422. [PMID: 36014927 PMCID: PMC9415765 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is a major player in obesity and the metabolic syndrome predicting development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is a vital and natural anti-inflammatory factor and mediator in glucose homeostasis disturbances. The predictive role is independent of multiple confounders, and elevated levels appear few years before T2DM. The role of IL-1Ra is important for accumulated risk factors, dysregulated metabolism and glucose homeostasis, and dietary interventions. Longitudinal and cross-sectional population study cohorts have enabled the approximation of IL-1Ra limit values for metabolic dysregulation and guide further analysis as a potential biomarker. The limit value of IL-1Ra is reaching 400 pg/mL with prediabetes and before T2DM. However, subjects with metabolic syndrome are suggested to have lower limit values, especially among men. Future research may evaluate the role of IL-1Ra in actual glucose homeostasis together with routine fasted laboratory tests, such as glucose and C-reactive protein (CRP) instead of the oral glucose tolerance test. The significance of intermediate low IL-1Ra levels in metabolic abnormalities should be further analyzed. It is possible to specify the impact of multiple lifestyle and metabolic parameters together with age and sex. IL-1Ra could be studied in multiple approaches including interventional studies of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Luotola
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, P.O. Box 340, FIN-00029 Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Da Porto A, Tascini C, Colussi G, Peghin M, Graziano E, De Carlo C, Bulfone L, Antonello M, Sozio E, Fabris M, Curcio F, Pucillo C, Catena C, Sechi LA. Relationship between cytokine release and stress hyperglycemia in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:988686. [PMID: 36059840 PMCID: PMC9437426 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.988686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stress hyperglycemia is a frequent finding in patients with COVID-19 infection and could affect the outcome of disease. Cytokines released in response to infection could have adverse effects on insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell function. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships of stress hyperglycemia with cytokines and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods In a cross-sectional analysis of 150 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection who were included in the GIRA-COVID database, we identified patients with stress hyperglycemia by calculation of the Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio (SHR) and use of a cut-off of 1.14. Plasma levels of cytokines principally involved in COVID-19 infection-related cytokine storm were measured. Outcome variables were use of mechanical ventilation and death within 60 days from hospital admission. Results Patients with SHR > 1.14 had significantly higher plasma insulin, HOMA-index, and levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-10/tumor necrosis factor-a ratio (IL-10/TNF-α), and CXC motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) than patients with SHR ≤ 1.14. IL-10, IL-10/TNF-α ratio, CXCL10, and IFN-γ were significantly and directly related with SHR in univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models showed that IL-10, IL-10/TNF-α ratio, and CXCL10 were independently associated with SHR>1.14. In a multivariate logistic model, stress hyperglycemia predicted use of mechanical ventilation (OR 2.453; CI 1.078–6.012) and death (OR 2.281; CI 1.049–7.369) independently of diabetes and other major confounders. Conclusions In patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection, stress hyperglycemia is associated with worse clinical outcomes and is independently related to levels of cytokines that might impair glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Da Porto
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Da Porto
| | - Carlo Tascini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Gianluca Colussi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Maddalena Peghin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Elena Graziano
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Chiara De Carlo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Luca Bulfone
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Martina Antonello
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emanuela Sozio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Martina Fabris
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Curcio
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Udine, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Pucillo
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Cristiana Catena
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Leonardo A. Sechi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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11
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Temporal response characterization across individual multiomics profiles of prediabetic and diabetic subjects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12098. [PMID: 35840765 PMCID: PMC9284494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal deep multiomics profiling, which combines biomolecular, physiological, environmental and clinical measures data, shows great promise for precision health. However, integrating and understanding the complexity of such data remains a big challenge. Here we utilize an individual-focused bottom-up approach aimed at first assessing single individuals’ multiomics time series, and using the individual-level responses to assess multi-individual grouping based directly on similarity of their longitudinal deep multiomics profiles. We used this individual-focused approach to analyze profiles from a study profiling longitudinal responses in type 2 diabetes mellitus. After generating periodograms for individual subject omics signals, we constructed within-person omics networks and analyzed personal-level immune changes. The results identified both individual-level responses to immune perturbation, and the clusters of individuals that have similar behaviors in immune response and which were associated to measures of their diabetic status.
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12
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Pournaras N, Andersson A, Kovach MA, Padra M, Che KF, Brundin B, Yoshihara S, Bozinovski S, Lindén SK, Jansson PA, Sköld MC, Qvarfordt I, Lindén A. Glucose Homeostasis in Relation to Neutrophil Mobilization in Smokers with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:1179-1194. [PMID: 35620349 PMCID: PMC9129100 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s353753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pournaras
- Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Severe COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: Nikolaos Pournaras, Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and Karolinska Severe COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Email
| | - Anders Andersson
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- COPD Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Melissa A Kovach
- Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Médea Padra
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karlhans F Che
- Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Severe COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bettina Brundin
- Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shigemi Yoshihara
- Pediatric Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara K Lindén
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Jansson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus C Sköld
- Karolinska Severe COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Qvarfordt
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindén
- Division for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska Severe COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Wei N, Lu J, Lin Z, Wang X, Cai M, Jiang S, Chen X, Zhu S, Zhang D, Cui L. Systemic Evaluation of the Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Breast Cancer in a Mouse Model. Front Oncol 2022; 12:829798. [PMID: 35578660 PMCID: PMC9106558 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.829798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease. To evaluate the effect of preexisting DM on breast cancer progression without drug interference, we used a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus BALB/c mouse model. We found that 4T1 breast cancer complicated with DM decreased the mouse survival time compared with 4T1-bearing mice. The diversity of gut microbiome was affected by DM. The infiltration of mucosal-associated invariant T cell (MAIT), CD8+ T cell, and CD4+ T cell in the tumor was significantly decreased in the DM-4T1 group compared with the 4T1 group. The transcriptome data of tumor tissues indicated that the expressions of inflammatory C–C chemokine- and metabolism-related genes were greatly changed. The abnormal expression of these genes may be related with the decreased T-cell infiltration in DM-4T1. In conclusion, the gut microbiome and tumor microenvironment of diabetic breast cancer patients have unique features. The effect of diabetes on breast cancer should be considered in the treatment for diabetic breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Wei
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmiao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibing Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyao Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Li Cui,
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14
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Tuomisto K, Palmu J, Long T, Watrous JD, Mercader K, Lagerborg KA, Andres A, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Vasan RS, Inouye M, Havulinna AS, Tuomilehto J, Jousilahti P, Niiranen TJ, Cheng S, Jain M, Salomaa V. A plasma metabolite score of three eicosanoids predicts incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in three independent cohorts. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/2/e002519. [PMID: 35361620 PMCID: PMC8971778 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptide markers of inflammation have been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The role of upstream, lipid-derived mediators of inflammation such as eicosanoids, remains less clear. The aim of this study was to examine whether eicosanoids are associated with incident type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS In the FINRISK (Finnish Cardiovascular Risk Study) 2002 study, a population-based sample of Finnish men and women aged 25-74 years, we used directed, non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify 545 eicosanoids and related oxylipins in the participants' plasma samples (n=8292). We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression to examine associations between eicosanoids and incident type 2 diabetes. The significant independent findings were replicated in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS, n=2886) and DIetary, Lifestyle and Genetic determinants of Obesity and Metabolic syndrome (DILGOM) 2007 (n=3905). Together, these three cohorts had 1070 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. RESULTS In the FINRISK 2002 cohort, 76 eicosanoids were associated individually with incident type 2 diabetes. We identified three eicosanoids independently associated with incident type 2 diabetes using stepwise Cox regression with forward selection and a Bonferroni-corrected inclusion threshold. A three-eicosanoid risk score produced an HR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.41 to 1.72) per 1 SD increment for risk of incident diabetes. The HR for comparing the top quartile with the lowest was 2.80 (95% CI 2.53 to 3.07). In the replication analyses, the three-eicosanoid risk score was significant in FHS (HR 1.24 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.39, p<0.001)) and directionally consistent in DILGOM (HR 1.12 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.27, p=0.07)). Meta-analysis of the three cohorts yielded a pooled HR of 1.31 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.56). CONCLUSIONS Plasma eicosanoid profiles predict incident type 2 diabetes and the clearest signals replicate in three independent cohorts. Our findings give new information on the biology underlying type 2 diabetes and suggest opportunities for early identification of people at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Tuomisto
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonatan Palmu
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tao Long
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeramie D Watrous
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kysha Mercader
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kim A Lagerborg
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Allen Andres
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity, InFLAMES Flagship, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity, InFLAMES Flagship, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Boston University's and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Sections of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Inouye
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu J Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Chinniah R, Sevak V, Pandi S, Ravi PM, Vijayan M, Kannan A, Karuppiah B. HLA-DRB1 genes and the expression dynamics of HLA CIITA determine the susceptibility to T2DM. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:291-305. [PMID: 33754173 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease with polygenic inheritance. The expression of major histocompatibility complex class II genes are regulated by several trans-activators. We have studied the expression of HLA-DRB1, RFX, CIITA-P1, PIV transactivators, immunophenotyping of cells, SNPs in CIITA-168 (A/G) and IFN-γ + 874 (T/A) in T2DM patients and controls (n = 201 each). We observed increased frequencies of DRB1*03, DRB1*04 and DRB1*07 and decreased frequencies of DRB1*10, DRB1*14, and DRB1*15 alleles among patients. Significant up-regulations of HLA-DRB1 genes were observed in patients (p < 0.0001). Down-regulated expressions were documented in DRB1*03-homo (p < 0.002) and DRB1*04-homo (p < 0.009) patients. No significant differences were observed for CIITA-P1 expression except DRB1*04-pooled (p < 0.0113). The CIITA-PIV was up-regulated in overall (p < 0.0001), DRB1*03-pooled (p < 0.0006), DRB1*03-hetero (p < 0.0006) and DRB1*03-homo (p < 0.001) T2DM patients. However, significant down-regulations were documented for DRB1*04-pooled (p < 0.040), DRB1*04-hetero (p < 0.060), and DRB1*04-homo (p < 0.027) combinations. Further, significant down-regulations of RFX5 were observed in overall (p < 0.0006), DRB1*04-pooled (p < 0.0022), and DRB1*04-hetero (p < 0.0004) combinations. Immunophenotyping studies revealed significant increase of CD45+ CD14-, CD19+, CD14- and CD8 cells and elevated level of expression of IFN-γ (p < 0.0001) in patients. A significant increase of TT (p < 3.35 × 10-6) and decrease of TA (p < 4.57 × 10-4) genotypes of IFN-γ + 874 (T/A) and an increase of GG (p < 0.001) and decrease of AG (p < 8.24 × 10-5) genotypes of CIITA-168 A/G SNPs were observed. The combinatorial analysis revealed susceptible associations for DRB1*03 + AA, *03 + AG, *03 + GG and *04 + GG and protective associations for DRB1*10 + AG, *10 + GG, *15 + AG, and *14 + GG combinations. Thus, the present study corroborated the effect of differential expressions of promoters of risk alleles in the pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathika Chinniah
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Vandit Sevak
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Sasiharan Pandi
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Padma Malini Ravi
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Arun Kannan
- The Madurai Institute of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice Research, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 001, India
| | - Balakrishnan Karuppiah
- Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
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16
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Della Corte KA, Penczynski K, Kuhnle G, Perrar I, Herder C, Roden M, Wudy SA, Remer T, Alexy U, Buyken AE. The Prospective Association of Dietary Sugar Intake in Adolescence With Risk Markers of Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adulthood. Front Nutr 2021; 7:615684. [PMID: 33537338 PMCID: PMC7848860 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.615684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To examine the prospective relevance of dietary sugar intake (based on dietary data as well as urinary excretion data) in adolescent years for insulin sensitivity and biomarkers of inflammation in young adulthood. Methods: Overall 254 participants of the DONALD study who had at least two 3-day weighed dietary records for calculating intakes of fructose, glucose, sucrose, total, free, added sugars, total sugars from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), juice, and sweets/sugar or at least two complete 24 h urine samples (n = 221) for calculating sugar excretion (urinary fructose and urinary fructose + sucrose) in adolescence (females: 9–15 years, males: 10–16 years) and a fasting blood sample in adulthood (18–36 years), were included in multivariable linear regression analyses assessing their prospective associations with adult homeostasis model assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) and a pro-inflammatory score (based on CRP, IL-6, IL-18, leptin, chemerin, adiponectin). Results: On the dietary intake level, no prospective associations were observed between adolescent fructose, sucrose, glucose, added, free, total sugar, or total sugar from SSB, juice or sweets/sugar intake and adult HOMA2-%S (p > 0.01). On the urinary level, however, higher excreted fructose levels were associated with improved adult HOMA2-%S (p = 0.008) among females only. No associations were observed between dietary or urinary sugars and the adult pro-inflammatory score (p > 0.01). Conclusion: The present study did not provide support that dietary sugar consumed in adolescence is associated with adult insulin sensitivity. The one potential exception was the moderate dietary consumption of fructose, which showed a beneficial association with adult fasting insulin and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina Penczynski
- Public Health Nutrition, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany.,Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunter Kuhnle
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Perrar
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Oberschleissheim, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Oberschleissheim, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Laboratory for Translational Hormone Analytics, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Remer
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- DONALD Study, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anette E Buyken
- Public Health Nutrition, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
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17
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Baker JF, England BR, George M, Cannon G, Sauer B, Ogdie A, Hamilton BC, Hunter C, Duryee MJ, Thiele G, Mikuls TR. Disease activity, cytokines, chemokines and the risk of incident diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:566-572. [PMID: 33397733 PMCID: PMC8928597 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a higher risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Our aim was to determine associations between inflammatory disease activity (including evaluation of specific cytokines and chemokines) and incident DM. METHODS Participants were adults with physician-confirmed RA from Veteran's Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry. Disease activity and clinical assessments occur longitudinally as part of clinical care. Thirty cytokines and chemokines were measured in banked serum obtained at the time of enrolment. Cytokine/chemokine values were log-adjusted and standardised (per SD). Incident DM was defined based on validated algorithms using diagnostic codes and medications. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated associations between clinical factors and incident DM. Independent associations between cytokines/chemokines and incident DM were assessed adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking, body mass index (BMI) and medication use at baseline. RESULTS Among 1866 patients with RA without prevalent DM at enrolment, there were 130 incident cases over 9223 person-years of follow-up. High Disease Activity Score (DAS28)-C reactive protein (CRP), obese BMI, older age and male sex were associated with greater risk for incident DM while current smoking and methotrexate use were protective. Patients using methotrexate were at lower risk. Several cytokines/chemokines evaluated were independently associated (per 1 SD) with DM incidence including interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and select macrophage-derived cytokines/chemokines (HR range 1.11-1.26). These associations were independent of the DAS28-CRP. CONCLUSIONS Higher disease activity and elevated levels of cytokines/chemokines are associated with a higher risk of incident DM in patients with RA. Future study may help to determine if targeted treatments in at-risk individuals could prevent the development of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F Baker
- Rheumatology, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA .,Departments of Medicine/Rheumatology and Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryant R England
- Rheumatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.,Rheumatology, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Michael George
- Departments of Medicine/Rheumatology and Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grant Cannon
- Rheumatology, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brian Sauer
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alexis Ogdie
- Departments of Medicine/Rheumatology and Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bartlett C Hamilton
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and Omaha VA Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Carlos Hunter
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Michael J Duryee
- Internal Medicine Division of Rheumatology, University of Nebraska System, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Geoffrey Thiele
- Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska System, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.,Research Service, 151, VAMC Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska System, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Liu J, Sun X, Jin H, Yan XL, Huang S, Guo ZN, Yang Y. Remote ischemic conditioning: A potential therapeutic strategy of type 2 diabetes. Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110409. [PMID: 33277103 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major public diseases which is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and progressive pancreatic β-cell failure. While in the past few years, some new factors, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses and other potential pathways, have been identified to play critical roles in T2D, and thereby provide novel promising targets for the treatment of T2D. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive and convenient operation performed by transient, repeated ischemia in distant place. Nowadays, RIC has been established as a potentially powerful therapeutic tool for many diseases, especially in I/R injuries. Through activating a series of neural, humoral and immune pathways, it can release multiple protective signals, which then regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, immune response and so on. Interestingly, several recent studies have discovered that the beneficial effects of RIC on I/R injuries might be abolished by T2D, wherein the higher basal levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, dysregulation of immune system and some potential pathways secondary to hyperglycemia may play critical roles. In contrast, a higher intensity of conditioning could restore the protective effects. Based on the overlapped mechanisms RIC and T2D performs, we provide a hypothesis that RIC may also play a protective role in T2D via targeting these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
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Niersmann C, Röhrig K, Blüher M, Roden M, Herder C, Carstensen-Kirberg M. Increased Release of Proinflammatory Proteins in Primary Human Adipocytes and Activation of the Inflammatory NFĸB, p38, and ERK Pathways upon Omentin Treatment. Obes Facts 2020; 13:221-236. [PMID: 32252061 PMCID: PMC7250360 DOI: 10.1159/000506405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of omentin on the release of inflammation-related biomarkers and inflammatory pathways in primary human adipocytes. METHODS Adipocytes were treated with or without omentin (500 and 2,000 ng/mL), and the supernatants were analyzed for inflammation-related biomarkers using proximity extension assay technology. Potential upstream regulators of the omentin-stimulated proteins were identified using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Protein levels of components of inflammatory pathways were measured using Western blotting. RESULTS 2,000 ng/mL omentin induced the release of 30 biomarkers 97.1 ± 31.1-fold in the supernatants (all p < 0.05). Most biomarkers were proin-flammatory chemokines and cytokines. We identified the transcription factor nuclear factor "kappa-light-chain-enhancer" of activated B cells (NFĸB) and the kinases p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 as potential upstream regulators in silico. On the cellular level, treatment with 2,000 ng/mL omentin for 24 h enhanced the phosphorylation levels of NFĸB 2.1 ± 0.3-fold (p < 0.05), of p38 2.6 ± 0.4-fold (p < 0.05), and of ERK1/2 1.8 ± 0.2-fold (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data argue that omentin exerts proinflammatory effects through the activation of the inflammatory NFĸB, p38, and ERK1/2 pathways in cultured primary adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Niersmann
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karin Röhrig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany,
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,
| | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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CCR2 knockout ameliorates obesity-induced kidney injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and ER stress. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222352. [PMID: 31498850 PMCID: PMC6733486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CCL2/CCR2 signaling is believed to play an important role in kidney diseases. Several studies have demonstrated that blocking of CCR2 has a therapeutic effect on kidney diseases. However, the effects of CCR2 knockout on obesity-induced kidney injury remain unclear. We investigated the therapeutic effects and the mechanism of CCL2/CCR2 signaling in obesity-induced kidney injury. We used C57BL/6-CCR2 wild type and C57BL/6-CCR2 knockout mice: Regular diet wild type (RD WT), RD CCR2 knockout (RD KO), High-fat diet WT (HFD WT), HFD CCR2 KO (HFD KO). Body weight of WT mice was significantly increased after HFD. However, the body weight of HFD KO mice was not decreased compared to HFD WT mice. Food intake and calorie showed no significant differences between HFD WT and HFD KO mice. Glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels increased in HFD WT mice were decreased in HFD KO mice. Insulin resistance, increased insulin secretion, and lipid accumulation showed in HFD WT mice were improved in HFD KO mice. Increased desmin expression, macrophage infiltration, and TNF-α in HFD mice were reduced in HFD KO mice. HFD-induced albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy, glomerular basement membrane thickening, and podocyte effacement were restored by CCR2 depletion. HFD-induced elevated expressions of xBP1, Bip, and Nox4 at RNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in HFD KO. Therefore, blockade of CCL2/CCR2 signaling by CCR2 depletion might ameliorate obesity-induced albuminuria through blocking oxidative stress, ER stress, and lipid accumulation.
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Hatziagelaki E, Pergialiotis V, Kannenberg JM, Trakakis E, Tsiavou A, Markgraf DF, Carstensen-Kirberg M, Pacini G, Roden M, Dimitriadis G, Herder C. Association between Biomarkers of Low-grade Inflammation and Sex Hormones in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:723-730. [DOI: 10.1055/a-0992-9114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher circulating levels of C-reactive protein, but the relationship between inflammation and endocrine function in PCOS remains poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between low-grade inflammation and sex hormones in women with PCOS.
Design and Patients A comprehensive panel of biomarkers of inflammation was measured in serum of 63 women with PCOS using proximity extension assay technology. Associations of 65 biomarkers with sex hormones were assessed without and with adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI).
Results In the unadjusted analysis, 20 biomarkers were positively correlated with 17-OH-progesterone (17-OH-P), 14 with prolactin and 6 with free testosterone, whereas inverse associations were found for 16 biomarkers with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), 6 with luteinizing hormone (LH) and 6 with estrogen (all p<0.05). Among the positive associations, correlations were mainly found for five chemokines (CXCL11, CCL4, MCP-4/CCL13, CXCL5, CXCL6) and for VEGF-A, LAP-TGFβ1, TNFSF14 and MMP-1. Inverse associations with sex hormones were mainly present for two chemokines (CXCL1, MCP-2/CCL8), CDCP1, CST5 and CSF-1. Adjustment for age and BMI reduced the number of biomarker associations for SHBG and estrogen, but had hardly any impact on associations with 17-OH-P, prolactin, free testosterone and LH.
Conclusion Women with PCOS feature BMI-independent associations between biomarkers of inflammation and certain sex steroid and hypophyseal hormones. Most of these inflammation-related biomarkers were chemokines, which may be relevant as potential mediators of the increased cardiometabolic risk of women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erifili Hatziagelaki
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Julia M. Kannenberg
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eftihios Trakakis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsiavou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel F. Markgraf
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pacini
- Metabolic Unit, CNR Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - George Dimitriadis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lin YC, Chen YC, Hsiao HP, Kuo CH, Chen BH, Chen YT, Wang SL, Tsai ML, Hung CH. The effects of acarbose on chemokine and cytokine production in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:179-187. [PMID: 30827017 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chronic inflammation induced by proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines is postulated to be involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Acarbose, the α-glucosidase inhibitor, is an oral antidiabetic drug for T2DM. Acarbose suppresses inflammatory cytokine production in patients with T2DM, though the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and the exact mechanisms of acarbose in human monocytic THP-1 cells. METHODS THP-1 cells were pretreated with acarbose and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The levels of Th1-related chemokines, including interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Th2-related chemokine macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intracellular signaling pathways were explored by Western blot analysis and using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Acarbose suppressed the levels of IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, and TNF-α and downregulated phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 (NF-κB-p65) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. Acarbose suppressed LPS-induced acetylation of histones H3 (H3) and H4 in the IP-10 and MCP-1 promoter regions. These findings revealed the suppressive effects of acarbose on IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, and TNF-α production in THP-1 cells via, at least partially, the p38, JNK, ERK, and NF-κB-p65 pathways, as well as through epigenetic regulation via histone H3 and H4 acetylation. CONCLUSION Our study points to the therapeutic anti-inflammatory potential of acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, No.482, Shanming Road, Siaogang District, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Pin Hsiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hung Kuo
- Ta-Kuo Clinic, No.69, Ziqiang 2nd Road, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung City, 144, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No.68, Jhonghua 3rd Road, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung City, 145, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ling Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, No.482, Shanming Road, Siaogang District, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Goldberg RB, Bray GA, Marcovina SM, Mather KJ, Orchard TJ, Perreault L, Temprosa M. Non-traditional biomarkers and incident diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program: comparative effects of lifestyle and metformin interventions. Diabetologia 2019; 62:58-69. [PMID: 30334082 PMCID: PMC6456055 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-018-4748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We compared the associations of circulating biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial and adipocyte dysfunction and coagulation with incident diabetes in the placebo, lifestyle and metformin intervention arms of the Diabetes Prevention Program, a randomised clinical trial, to determine whether reported associations in general populations are reproduced in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance, and whether these associations are independent of traditional diabetes risk factors. We further investigated whether biomarker-incident diabetes associations are influenced by interventions that alter pathophysiology, biomarker concentrations and rates of incident diabetes. METHODS The Diabetes Prevention Program randomised 3234 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance into placebo, metformin (850 mg twice daily) and intensive lifestyle groups and showed that metformin and lifestyle reduced incident diabetes by 31% and 58%, respectively compared with placebo over an average follow-up period of 3.2 years. For this study, we measured adiponectin, leptin, tissue plasminogen activator (as a surrogate for plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, fibrinogen, E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 at baseline and at 1 year by specific immunoassays. Traditional diabetes risk factors were defined as family history, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, BMI, fasting and 2 h glucose, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, inverse of fasting insulin and insulinogenic index. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the effects of each biomarker on the development of diabetes assessed semi-annually and the effects of covariates on these. RESULTS E-selectin, (HR 1.19 [95% CI 1.06, 1.34]), adiponectin (0.84 [0.71, 0.99]) and tissue plasminogen activator (1.13 [1.03, 1.24]) were associated with incident diabetes in the placebo group, independent of diabetes risk factors. Only the association between adiponectin and diabetes was maintained in the lifestyle (0.69 [0.52, 0.92]) and metformin groups (0.79 [0.66, 0.94]). E-selectin was not related to diabetes development in either lifestyle or metformin groups. A novel association appeared for change in IL-6 in the metformin group (1.09 [1.021, 1.173]) and for baseline leptin in the lifestyle groups (1.31 [1.06, 1.63]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings clarify associations between an extensive group of biomarkers and incident diabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort with impaired glucose tolerance, the effects of diabetes risk factors on these, and demonstrate differential modification of associations by interventions. They strengthen evidence linking adiponectin to diabetes development, and argue against a central role for endothelial dysfunction. The findings have implications for the pathophysiology of diabetes development and its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald B Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - George A Bray
- Clinical Obesity, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Santica M Marcovina
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington, Northwest Lipid Research Labs, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kieren J Mather
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Trevor J Orchard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leigh Perreault
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marinella Temprosa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Biostatistics Center and Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
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Ramuš SM, Petrovič D. Genetic Variations and Subclinical Markers of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:16-24. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180206112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death in diabetic
patients. Patients with diabetes mellitus have a greater than 10-fold risk of cardiovascular disease in
their lifetime. The carotid Intima-Media Thickness (cIMT), a surrogate marker for the presence and
progression of atherosclerosis, predicts future cardiovascular events in asymptomatic subjects with Type
2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This review focuses on genetic variants that contribute to the pathobiology
of subclinical atherosclerosis in the setting of T2DM. Specifically, we devoted our attention to wellstudied
genes selected for their relevance for atherosclerosis. These include: The Renin-Angiotensin-
Aldosterone System (RAAS), Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR)
and pro-inflammatory genes.
</P><P>
The ever-growing availability of advanced genotyping technologies has made Genome-Wide Association
Studies (GWAS) possible. Although several bioinformatics tools have been developed to manage
and interpret the huge amounts of data produced, there has been limited success in the many attempts to
uncover the biological meaning of the novel susceptibility loci for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mankoč Ramuš
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Chen YC, Kuo CH, Tsai YM, Lin YC, Hsiao HP, Chen BH, Chen YT, Wang SL, Hung CH. Suppressive effects of metformin on T-helper 1-related chemokines expression in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. Endocr Res 2018; 43:228-234. [PMID: 29630425 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2018.1460605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are chronic T-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. Metformin is a widely used drug for type 2 DM that reduces the need for insulin in type 1 DM. However, whether metformin has an anti-inflammatory effect for treating DM is unknown. We investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of metformin in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 was pretreated with metformin and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The production of T-helper (Th)-1-related chemokines including interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Th2-related chemokine macrophage-derived chemokine, and the proinflammatory chemokine tumor necrosis factor-α was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intracellular signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Metformin suppressed LPS-induced IP-10 and MCP-1 production as well as LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, metformin suppressed LPS-induced acetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the IP-10 promoter. CONCLUSIONS Metformin suppressed the production of Th1-related chemokines IP-10 and MCP-1 in THP-1 cells. Suppressive effects of metformin on IP-10 production might be attributed at least partially to the JNK, p38, ERK, and NF-κB pathways as well as to epigenetic regulation through the acetylation of histones H3 and H4. These results indicated the therapeutic anti-inflammatory potential of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Chen
- a Department of Pediatrics , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Kuo
- c Ta-Kuo Clinic , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- d Department of Pediatrics , Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- e Department of Internal Medicine , Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- f Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- f Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- g Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Hui-Pin Hsiao
- a Department of Pediatrics , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- g Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ling Wang
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- a Department of Pediatrics , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- b Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- h Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
- i Research Center for Environmental Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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He W, Rebello O, Savino R, Terracciano R, Schuster-Klein C, Guardiola B, Maedler K. TLR4 triggered complex inflammation in human pancreatic islets. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:86-97. [PMID: 30287405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is strongly associated with obesity and inflammation. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) is the major pro-inflammatory pathway with its ligands and downstream products increased systemically in T2D and in at-risk individuals. Detailed mechanisms of the complex proinflammatory response in pancreatic islets remain unknown. In isolated human islets LPS induced IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF production in a TLR4-dependent manner and severely impaired β-cell survival and function. IL-6 antagonism improved β-cell function. IL-8, which was identified specifically in α-cells, initiated monocyte migration, a process fully blocked by IL-8 neutralization. The TLR4 response was potentiated in obese donors; with higher IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 expression than in non-obese donors. TLR4 activation leads to a complex multi-cellular inflammatory response in human islets, which involves β-cell failure, cytokine production and macrophage recruitment to islets. In obesity, the amplified TLR4 response may potentiate β-cell damage and accelerate diabetes progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- University of Bremen, Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Germany.
| | - Osmond Rebello
- University of Bremen, Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Germany
| | - Rocco Savino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Kathrin Maedler
- University of Bremen, Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Germany.
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Hwang JY, Kwon YJ, Choi WJ, Jung DH. Platelet count and 8-year incidence of diabetes: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 143:301-309. [PMID: 30075179 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of platelet count on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the overall Korean adults and in participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at baseline. METHODS A total of 7502 participants (3528 men and 3974 women) aged 40-69 years were enrolled in this study. The study population was divided into tertiles (T) of serum platelet counts. We used Cox regression to analyse the relationship between baseline platelet count and new-onset type 2 DM. RESULTS A total of 602 (8.0%) subjects developed type 2 DM during a mean follow-up of 8.4 years. Compared to the lowest tertile, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the incidence of type 2 DM was 1.28 (1.04-1.57) for T3 after adjusting for possible confounding factors. In subjects with IGT at baseline, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for the incidence of type 2 DM in T3 compared with T1 was 1.45 (1.05-2.00) after adjusting for the same confounders. CONCLUSION This prospective longitudinal study demonstrated that the incidence of type 2 DM increased as the serum platelet count at baseline increased within the normal range. This positive association was more prominent in subjects with IGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yong-in Severance Hospital, Gyunggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jun Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yong-in Severance Hospital, Gyunggi, Republic of Korea.
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Aravindhan V, Kevinkumar V, Dhamodharan U, Viswanathan V. Serum levels of chemokines IP-10, IL-8 and SDF-1 serve as good biomarkers for diabetes-tuberculosis nexus. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:857-862. [PMID: 30025786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has long been identified as an essential component of both Type-2 diabetes and tuberculosis. Chemokines are low molecular weight proteins which play an important role in both inflammation (diabetes) and immunity (tuberculosis). METHODS In this study, we measured the serum levels of IP-10, IL-8 and SDF-1 in subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT-TB- = 108; NGT-TB+ = 200), Pre-Diabetes (PDM-TB- = 118; PDM-TB+ = 105), Newly Diagnosed Diabetes (NDM-TB- = 105; NDM-TB+ = 63) and Known Diabetes (KDM-TB- = 131; KDM-TB+ = 108), by ELISA. Along with chemokines pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-ɑ and IL-6 were also measured in these groups. RESULTS While IP-10 levels were significantly reduced in TB+ subjects in all the sub-groups, IL-8 levels were significantly reduced in NDM-TB+ and increased in KDM-TB+ subjects. SDF-1 levels were significantly elevated in TB+ subjects in all the subgroups, except for KDM-TB+. CONCLUSION Altered serum chemokine levels can alter anti-TB immunity in diabetes patients and can fuel DM-TB nexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Aravindhan
- Department of Genetics, Dr.A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India.
| | - V Kevinkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr.A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - U Dhamodharan
- Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Royapuram, Chennai, India
| | - V Viswanathan
- Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre, Royapuram, Chennai, India
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Effect of Dietary Sugar Intake on Biomarkers of Subclinical Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10050606. [PMID: 29757229 PMCID: PMC5986486 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been postulated that dietary sugar consumption contributes to increased inflammatory processes in humans, and that this may be specific to fructose (alone, in sucrose or in high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic literature review to evaluate the relevance of fructose, sucrose, HFCS, and glucose consumption for systemic levels of biomarkers of subclinical inflammation. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries were searched for controlled intervention studies that report the effects of dietary sugar intake on (hs)CRP, IL-6, IL-18, IL-1RA, TNF-α, MCP-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin, or adiponectin. Included studies were conducted on adults or adolescents with ≥20 participants and ≥2 weeks duration. Thirteen studies investigating 1141 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Sufficient studies (≥3) to pool were only available for (hs)CRP. Using a random effects model, pooled effects of the interventions (investigated as mean difference (MD)) revealed no differences in (hs)CRP between fructose intervention and glucose control groups (MD: −0.03 mg/L (95% CI: −0.52, 0.46), I² = 44%). Similarly, no differences were observed between HFCS and sucrose interventions (MD: 0.21 mg/L (−0.11, 0.53), I² = 0%). The quality of evidence was evaluated using Nutrigrade, and was rated low for these two comparisons. The limited evidence available to date does not support the hypothesis that dietary fructose, as found alone or in HFCS, contributes more to subclinical inflammation than other dietary sugars.
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Martins FM, de Paula Souza A, Nunes PRP, Michelin MA, Murta EFC, Resende EAMR, de Oliveira EP, Orsatti FL. High-intensity body weight training is comparable to combined training in changes in muscle mass, physical performance, inflammatory markers and metabolic health in postmenopausal women at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Exp Gerontol 2018; 107:108-115. [PMID: 29471132 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval body weight training (HIBWT) with combined training (COMT; aerobic and resistance exercises on body composition, a 6-minute walk test (6MWT; physical performance), insulin resistance (IR) and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women (PW) at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM2). METHODS In this randomized controlled clinical study, 16 PW at high risk of TDM2 were randomly allocated into two groups: HIBWT (n = 8) and COMT (n = 8). The HIBWT group performed a training protocol (length time ~28 min) consisting of ten sets of 60 s of high intensity exercise interspersed by a recovery period of 60 s of low intensity exercise. The COMT group performed a training protocol (length time ~60 min) consisting of a 30 min walk of moderate intensity following by five resistance exercises. All training sessions were performed in the university gym facility three days a week (no consecutive days) for 12 weeks. All outcomes (body composition, muscle function, and IR and inflammatory markers) were assessed at the baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS Both groups increased (P < 0.05) muscle mass index (MMI), 6MWT, and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and decreased fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, Insulin, HOMA-IR, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (trend, P = 0.056). HIBWT effects were indistinguishable (P > 0.05) from the effects of COMT. There was a significant (P < 0.05) interaction of time by the group in muscle strength, indicating that only the COMT increased the muscle strength. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that changes in HOMA, IL-1ra, 6MWT, and MMI with HITBW are similar when compared to COMT in PW at high risk of TDM2. TRIAL REGISTRATION The patients were part of a 12-week training study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03200639).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Maria Martins
- Exercise Biology Research Group (BioEx), Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aletéia de Paula Souza
- Exercise Biology Research Group (BioEx), Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Prado Nunes
- Exercise Biology Research Group (BioEx), Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcia Antoniazi Michelin
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON) and Gynecology and Obstetrics course, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eddie Fernando Candido Murta
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON) and Gynecology and Obstetrics course, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fábio Lera Orsatti
- Exercise Biology Research Group (BioEx), Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Sport Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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31
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He W, Yuan T, Choezom D, Hunkler H, Annamalai K, Lupse B, Maedler K. Ageing potentiates diet-induced glucose intolerance, β-cell failure and tissue inflammation through TLR4. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2767. [PMID: 29426925 PMCID: PMC5807311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing and obesity are two major risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A chronic, low-grade, sterile inflammation contributes to insulin resistance and β-cell failure. Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) is a major pro-inflammatory pathway; its ligands as well as downstream signals are increased systemically in patients with T2D and at-risk individuals. In the present study we investigated the combined effects of high fat/high sucrose diet (HFD) feeding, ageing and TLR4-deficiency on tissue inflammation, insulin resistance and β-cell failure. In young mice, a short-term HFD resulted in a mildly impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion, together with a β-cell mass compensation. In older mice, HFD further deteriorated insulin secretion and induced a significantly impaired glucose tolerance and augmented tissue inflammation in adipose, liver and pancreatic islets, all of which was attenuated by TLR4 deficiency. Our results show that ageing exacerbates HFD-induced impairment of glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β-cell function and survival, and deteriorates HFD-induced induction of mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory macrophage markers. TLR4-deficiency protects against these combined deleterious effects of a high fat diet and ageing through a reduced expression of inflammatory products in both insulin sensitive tissues and pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Ting Yuan
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dolma Choezom
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hannah Hunkler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Blaz Lupse
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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Supriya R, Yu AP, Lee PH, Lai CW, Cheng KK, Yau SY, Chan LW, Yung BY, Siu PM. Yoga training modulates adipokines in adults with high-normal blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1130-1138. [PMID: 29205515 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study indicated that people with MetS showed a decrease in waist circumference and a decreasing trend in blood pressure after 1-year yoga. This study investigated the effect of yoga on MetS people with high-normal blood pressure by exploring modulations in proinflammatory adipokines (leptin, chemerin, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 or PAI-1) and an anti-inflammatory adipokine (adiponectin). A total of 97 Hong Kong Chinese individuals aged 57.6 ± 9.1 years with MetS and high-normal blood pressure were randomly assigned to control (n = 45) and yoga groups (n = 52). Participants in the control group were not given any intervention but were contacted monthly to monitor their health status. Participants in the yoga group underwent a yoga training program with three 1-hour yoga sessions weekly for 1 year. The participants' sera were harvested and assessed for adipokines. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the interaction effect between 1-year time (pre vs post), and intervention (control vs yoga). GEE analyses revealed significant interaction effects between 1-year time and yoga intervention for the decreases in leptin and chemerin and the increase in adiponectin concentration in the sera examined. These results demonstrated that 1-year yoga training decreased proinflammatory adipokines and increased anti-inflammatory adipokine in adults with MetS and high-normal blood pressure. These findings support the beneficial role of yoga in managing MetS by favorably modulating adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Supriya
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Angus P Yu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul H Lee
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher W Lai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth K Cheng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sonata Y Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lawrence W Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin Y Yung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Parco M Siu
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Lee SK. Circulating Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Levels and Lumbar Bone Mineral Density in Korean Women. J Obes Metab Syndr 2017; 26:287-290. [PMID: 31089532 PMCID: PMC6489469 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2017.26.4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is expressed in adipose tissue, macrophages, endothelial cells, and osteoblasts by parathyroid hormone administration. Circulating MCP-1 levels are positively correlated with the degree of obesity. However, whether circulating MCP-1 affects bone metabolism is unclear. Therefore, in this study, the association between circulating MCP-1 levels and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) based on menopausal status was assessed. Methods We recruited 109 premenopausal and 46 postmenopausal Korean women and examined the association between circulating MCP-1 concentrations and various parameters including lumbar BMD based on menopausal status. Results A significant increase in body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index, and MCP-1 levels (from 245.9±73.5 to 336.5±101.7 pg/mL) and significant decrease (from 0.992±0.114 to 0.772±0.113 g/cm2) in lumbar BMD were observed after menopause. However, circulating MCP-1 levels were not correlated with any parameters including lumbar BMD in premenopausal or postmenopausal women. Conclusion Circulating MCP-1 levels were not correlated with lumbar BMD regardless of menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biochemistry-Molecular Biology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon; Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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Van Dyke AL, Lang Kuhs KA, Shiels MS, Koshiol J, Trabert B, Loftfield E, Purdue MP, Wentzensen N, Pfeiffer RM, Katki HA, Hildesheim A, Kemp TJ, Pinto LA, Chaturvedi AK, Safaeian M. Associations between self-reported diabetes and 78 circulating markers of inflammation, immunity, and metabolism among adults in the United States. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182359. [PMID: 28753646 PMCID: PMC5533447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is increasingly thought to be associated with diabetes; however, only a few inflammation markers have been assessed concurrently in relation to history of diabetes. In the most comprehensive evaluation of inflammation markers and diabetes to date using a Luminex bead-based assay, we measured 78 inflammation-, immune-, and metabolic-related markers detectable in at least 10% of serum samples collected from participants from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) screening trial (n = 1,814). At baseline, 6.6% (n = 120) of PLCO participants self-reported a history of diabetes. Cross-sectional associations between these markers and self-reported diabetes were assessed using weighted logistic regression adjusting for sex, smoking status, blood draw age and year, body mass index, and cohort sub-study. Including chemokines [C-C motif ligand (CCL) 19, CCL20, CCL21, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL) 6, CXCL10, and CXCL11] and soluble cytokine and chemokine receptors [soluble (s) interleukin (IL) 6 receptor (R), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) 1, sTNFR2, and sIL-R2], ten inflammation-related markers, were nominally associated with diabetes (P<0.05). In addition to these associations, higher levels of insulin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and pancreatic polypeptide remained significantly associated with self-reported diabetes with a false discovery rate <5%, indicating that the assay was able to detect markers associated with diabetes. In summary, self-reported diabetes was nominally associated with circulating cytokines, chemokines, and soluble cytokine and chemokine receptors in the most expansive examination of diabetes and inflammation- and immune-related markers to date. These results highlight the need to explore in future prospective studies the role of inflammation markers in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L. Van Dyke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Krystle A. Lang Kuhs
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Meredith S. Shiels
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark P. Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hormuzd A. Katki
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Troy J. Kemp
- Human Papilloma Virus Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ligia A. Pinto
- Human Papilloma Virus Immunology Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anil K. Chaturvedi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mahboobeh Safaeian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
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Deng H, Li Z, Liu G, Li X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Fu J. Elevated serum interferon γ-inducible protein-10 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:363-367. [PMID: 28051885 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1269740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP10/CXCL10) is a chemokine related to endocrine disorders; however, the serum concentrations of IP10 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated whether IP10 is increased in PCOS patients and its potential clinical value in PCOS patients. METHODS For this research, the serum IP10, glucose, insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and total testosterone (TT) concentrations were measured in 60 women with PCOS and healthy controls. RESULTS The median IP10 concentration was 45.60 pg/mL [interquartile range (IQR):29.75, 79.69], which was significantly higher than that of the body mass index (BMI)-matched controls (median: 36.46 pg/mL; IQR:28.98, 45.80). In the multivariate linear regression analysis, hs-CRP and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA2-IR) were independent predictors of the IP10 values, while FSH was inversely associated with the IP10.No significant association was observed between the IP10 and BMI, glucose, LH and TT. CONCLUSIONS The serum IP10 concentrations increase in women with PCOS, moreover, IP10 appears to be correlated with the inflammatory and IR statuses of PCOS. IP10 may be a potential biomarker to estimate the disease activity of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Deng
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Affiliated Liuyang Hospital of University of South China, People's Hospital of Liuyang City , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Zhibo Li
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Affiliated Liuyang Hospital of University of South China, People's Hospital of Liuyang City , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Guang Liu
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Affiliated Liuyang Hospital of University of South China, People's Hospital of Liuyang City , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Xianhua Li
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Affiliated Liuyang Hospital of University of South China, People's Hospital of Liuyang City , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Yong Chen
- b Department of Clinical Laboratory , Affiliated Changsha Hospital of University of South China, The First Hospital of Changsha City , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Yong Zhang
- c Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Affiliated Liuyang Hospital of University of South China, People's Hospital of Liuyang City , Chang sha , Hunan , China
| | - Yifan Sun
- d Department of Clinical Laboratory , Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Liuzhou , Guangxi , China , and
| | - Jinjian Fu
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Liuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital , Liuzhou , Guangxi , China
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Splenic Immune Response Is Down-Regulated in C57BL/6J Mice Fed Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Enriched High Fat Diet. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010050. [PMID: 28075380 PMCID: PMC5295094 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with reduction of inflammation, although the mechanisms are poorly understood, especially how the spleen, as a secondary lymphoid organ, is involved. To investigate the effects of EPA and DHA on spleen gene expression, male C57BL/6J mice were fed high fat diets (HFD) differing in fatty acid composition, either based on corn oil (HFD-CO), or CO enriched with 2 g/100 g EPA and DHA (HFD-ED), for eight weeks. Spleen tissue was analyzed using transcriptomics and for fatty acids profiling. Biological processes (BPs) related to the immune response, including T-cell receptor signaling pathway, T-cell differentiation and co-stimulation, myeloid dendritic cell differentiation, antigen presentation and processing, and the toll like receptor pathway were downregulated by HFD-ED compared with control and HFD-CO. These findings were supported by the down-regulation of NF-κB in HFD-ED compared with HFD-CO fed mice. Lower phospholipid arachidonic acid levels in HFD-ED compared with HFD-CO, and control mice suggest attenuation of pathways via prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The HFD-ED also upregulated BPs related to erythropoiesis and hematopoiesis compared with control and HFD-CO fed mice. Our findings suggest that EPA and DHA down-regulate the splenic immune response induced by HFD-CO, supporting earlier work that the spleen is a target organ for the anti-inflammatory effects of these n-3 fatty acids.
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Deng C, Xiang Y, Tan T, Ren Z, Cao C, Liu B, Huang G, Wang X, Zhou Z. The Imbalance of B-Lymphocyte Subsets in Subjects with Different Glucose Tolerance: Relationship with Metabolic Parameter and Disease Status. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:5052812. [PMID: 28491871 PMCID: PMC5410374 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5052812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
B lymphocytes are involved in inflammation and are related to insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study investigated the phenotype and frequency of B-lymphocyte subsets in subjects recently diagnosed with T2D (n = 60), impaired glucose regulation (IGR, n = 73), and normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 169) by flow cytometry. T2D subjects had an increased percentage of CD19+CD23+ (B-2) cells and a decreased percentage of CD19+CD23- (B-1) cells attributing to CD19+CD23-CD5- (B-1b) cells, but not CD19+CD23-CD5+ (B-1a) cells, compared to NGT and IGR subjects. The proportion of CD19+CD5+CD1dhi (B10) cells did not differ between the IGR or T2D group and NGT controls. Of note, HbA1c and triglyceride showed a positive correlation with B-2 cells but an inverse correlation with B-1 and B-1b cells, which were independently associated with the presence of T2D by logistic regression models. In summary, this study shows an unbalanced proinflammatory phenotype of B-cell subsets correlated with glycemia and lipidemia in patients with T2D. Our data provide new insight into chronic activation of the immune system and subclinical inflammation in T2D. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yufei Xiang
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhihui Ren
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chuqing Cao
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bingwen Liu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiangbing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- *Zhiguang Zhou:
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Ferri N, Ruscica M. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and metabolic syndrome: insights on insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Endocrine 2016; 54:588-601. [PMID: 27038318 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The discovery that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) represents a key regulator pathway for hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation sheds light on new uncovered issues regarding LDL-C homeostasis. Indeed, as confirmed by phase II and III clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies, targeting PCSK9 represents the newest and most promising pharmacological tool for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and related CVD. However, clinical, genetic, and experimental evidence indicates that PCSK9 may be either a cause or an effect in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition comprising a cluster of risk factors including insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. The latter is characterized by a triad of hypertriglyceridemia, low plasma concentrations of high-density lipoproteins, and qualitative changes in LDLs. PCSK9 levels seem to correlate with many of these lipid parameters as well as with the insulin sensitivity indices, although the molecular mechanisms behind this association are still unknown or not completely elucidated. Nevertheless, this area of research represents an important starting point for a better understanding of the physiological role of PCSK9, also considering the recent approval of new therapies involving anti-PCSK9. Thus, in the present review, we will discuss the current knowledge on the role of PCSK9 in the context of MetS, alteration of lipids, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Ferri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Largo Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Herder C, Færch K, Carstensen-Kirberg M, Lowe GD, Haapakoski R, Witte DR, Brunner EJ, Roden M, Tabák AG, Kivimäki M, Vistisen D. Biomarkers of subclinical inflammation and increases in glycaemia, insulin resistance and beta-cell function in non-diabetic individuals: the Whitehall II study. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 175:367-77. [PMID: 27491375 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher systemic levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and low adiponectin are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but their associations with changes in glycaemic deterioration before onset of diabetes are poorly understood. We aimed to study whether inflammation-related biomarkers are associated with 5-year changes in glucose and insulin, HbA1c, insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and whether these associations may be bidirectional. DESIGN AND METHODS We used multiple repeat measures (17 891 person-examinations from 7683 non-diabetic participants) from the Whitehall II study to assess whether circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL6), IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) and adiponectin are associated with subsequent changes in glycaemia, insulin, insulin resistance and beta-cell function (based on oral glucose tolerance tests). We examined bidirectionality by testing if parameters of glucose metabolism at baseline are associated with changes in inflammation-related biomarkers. RESULTS Higher hsCRP and IL6 were associated with increases in fasting insulin, insulin resistance and, for IL6, with beta-cell function after adjustment for confounders. Higher adiponectin was associated with decreases in fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, insulin resistance and beta-cell function. The reverse approach showed that 2-h glucose and insulin sensitivity were associated with changes in IL1Ra. Fasting insulin and insulin resistance showed inverse associations with changes in adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS Subclinical inflammation is associated with development of increased glycaemia, insulin resistance and beta-cell function in non-diabetic individuals. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that inflammation-related processes may increase insulin resistance and lead to a compensatory upregulation of beta-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gordon D Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical SciencesUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rita Haapakoski
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public HealthAarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Danish Diabetes AcademyOdense, Denmark
| | - Eric J Brunner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical DiabetologyGerman Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes ResearchMünchen-Neuherberg, Germany Department of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adam G Tabák
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College London, London, UK First Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity College London, London, UK
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Parimisetty A, Dorsemans AC, Awada R, Ravanan P, Diotel N, Lefebvre d’Hellencourt C. Secret talk between adipose tissue and central nervous system via secreted factors-an emerging frontier in the neurodegenerative research. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:67. [PMID: 27012931 PMCID: PMC4806498 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
First seen as a storage organ, the white adipose tissue (WAT) is now considered as an endocrine organ. WAT can produce an array of bioactive factors known as adipokines acting at physiological level and playing a vital role in energy metabolism as well as in immune response. The global effect of adipokines in metabolic activities is well established, but their impact on the physiology and the pathophysiology of the central nervous system (CNS) remains poorly defined. Adipokines are not only produced by the WAT but can also be expressed in the CNS where receptors for these factors are present. When produced in periphery and to affect the CNS, these factors may either cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) or modify the BBB physiology by acting on cells forming the BBB. Adipokines could regulate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress which are two major physiological processes involved in neurodegeneration and are associated with many chronic neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on four important adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and TNFα) and one lipokine (lysophosphatidic acid-LPA) associated with autotaxin, its producing enzyme. Their potential effects on neurodegeneration and brain repair (neurogenesis) will be discussed. Understanding and regulating these adipokines could be an interesting lead to novel therapeutic strategy in order to counteract neurodegenerative disorders and/or promote brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Parimisetty
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Anne-Claire Dorsemans
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Rana Awada
- />Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Palaniyandi Ravanan
- />Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
| | - Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
- />Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
- />Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490 France
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Röhling M, Herder C, Stemper T, Müssig K. Influence of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Glucose Uptake. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:2868652. [PMID: 27069930 PMCID: PMC4812462 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2868652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes. It arises from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental and lifestyle factors including lack of physical exercise and poor nutrition habits. The increased risk of type 2 diabetes is molecularly based on defects in insulin signaling, insulin secretion, and inflammation. The present review aims to give an overview on the molecular mechanisms underlying the uptake of glucose and related signaling pathways after acute and chronic exercise. Physical exercise, as crucial part in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, has marked acute and chronic effects on glucose disposal and related inflammatory signaling pathways. Exercise can stimulate molecular signaling pathways leading to glucose transport into the cell. Furthermore, physical exercise has the potential to modulate inflammatory processes by affecting specific inflammatory signaling pathways which can interfere with signaling pathways of the glucose uptake. The intensity of physical training appears to be the primary determinant of the degree of metabolic improvement modulating the molecular signaling pathways in a dose-response pattern, whereas training modality seems to have a secondary role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Röhling
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theodor Stemper
- Department Fitness and Health, University Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Li X, Deng YP, Yang M, Wu YW, Sun SX, Sun JZ. Low-Grade Inflammation and Increased Arterial Stiffness in Chinese Youth and Adolescents with Newly-Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2015; 7:268-73. [PMID: 26777037 PMCID: PMC4805228 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between low-grade inflammation (LI) and increased arterial stiffness in Chinese youth and adolescents with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Ninety-eight subjects aged 10 to 24 years with newly-diagnosed T2DM were investigated for findings of general inflammation. Anthropometric measurements were taken. Data related to arterial stiffness [brachial artery distensibility (Branch D), augmentation index (AIx), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV)] were collected. The subjects were divided into a non-LI group (NLI, n=42) and a LI group (n=56) according to their high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) levels. RESULTS There were no significant differences in age and gender between the LI group and the NLI group. CF-PWV and AIx values of the LI group were higher than those of the NLI group (p<0.01), while Branch D values were lower in the LI group (p<0.01). Branch D, CF-PWV, and AIx values correlated significantly with Hs-CRP overall (r=-0.32, 0.34, 0.33, all p<0.01). Multivariate models revealed that in either group (LI or NLI), Hs-CRP, as a continuous variable, was an independent determinant of arterial stiffness parameters even after adjusting for other risk factors. CONCLUSION Newly-diagnosed T2DM youth and adolescents with LI present a more adverse cardiovascular disease risk profile and stiffer arteries. Hs-CRP levels correlated with arterial stiffness parameters and constituted an independent determinant of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Wuhan University Faculty of Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Clinic of Endocrinology, Wuhan, China Phone: 0086-27-67813107 E-mail:
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Fish oil supplemented for 9 months does not improve glycaemic control or insulin sensitivity in subjects with impaired glucose regulation: a parallel randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2015; 115:75-86. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515004274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe effects of fish oil (FO) supplementation on glycaemic control are unclear, and positive effects may occur only when the phospholipid content of tissue membranes exceeds 14 % asn-3 PUFA. Subjects (n36, thirty-three completed) were paired based on metabolic parameters and allocated into a parallel double-blind randomised trial with one of each pair offered daily either 6 g of FO (3·9 gn-3 PUFA) or 6 g of maize oil (MO) for 9 months. Hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic–euaminoacidaemic (HIEGEAA) clamps (with [6,62H2glucose]) were performed at the start and end of the intervention. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) and whole-body protein turnover (WBPT) were each measured after an overnight fast. The primary outcome involved the effect of oil type on insulin sensitivity related to glycaemic control. The secondary outcome involved the effect of oil type on WBPT. Subjects on FO (n16) had increased erythrocyten-3 PUFA concentrations >14 %, whereas subjects on MO (n17) had unalteredn-3 PUFA concentrations at 9 %. Type of oil had no effect on fasting EGP, insulin sensitivity or total glucose disposal during the HIEGEAA clamp. In contrast, under insulin-stimulated conditions, total protein disposal (P=0·007) and endogenous WBPT (P=0·001) were both increased with FO. In an associated pilot study (n4, three completed), althoughn-3 PUFA in erythrocyte membranes increased to >14 % with the FO supplement, the enrichment in muscle membranes remained lower (8 %;P<0·001). In conclusion, long-term supplementation with FO, at amounts near the safety limits set by regulatory authorities in Europe and the USA, did not alter glycaemic control but did have an impact on WBPT.
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Weber KS, Nowotny B, Strassburger K, Pacini G, Müssig K, Szendroedi J, Herder C, Roden M. The Role of Markers of Low-Grade Inflammation for the Early Time Course of Glycemic Control, Glucose Disappearance Rate, and β-Cell Function in Recently Diagnosed Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015; 38:1758-67. [PMID: 26153272 DOI: 10.2337/dc15-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory processes are involved in the progression of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in individuals with prediabetes and contribute to the development of diabetes. We hypothesized that higher levels of biomarkers of low-grade inflammation are associated with the early progression of recently diagnosed diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Within the prospective German Diabetes Study, patients with recently diagnosed type 1 (n = 42) and type 2 (n = 94) diabetes underwent detailed metabolic characterization within the first year after diagnosis and 2 years thereafter. Associations between changes in markers of low-grade inflammation with changes in glycemic control, β-cell function, and glucose disappearance rate were assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis. Associations were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and 2-year changes in BMI, smoking status, and glucose-lowering medication. RESULTS Patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes exhibited good glucometabolic control at baseline (mean HbA1c 7.08 ± 1.58% [54 ± 17 mmol/mol] and 6.43 ± 0.98% [47 ± 11 mmol/mol], respectively) and 2 years thereafter (mean HbA1c 7.03 ± 1.20% [53 ± 13 mmol/mol] and 6.62 ± 1.14% [49 ± 13], respectively). Two-year increases of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in type 2 diabetes and of IL-18 in type 1 diabetes were associated with 2-year increases of HbA1c. Additionally, 2-year increases of sE-selectin were associated with 2-year decreases of prehepatic β-cell function in type 2 diabetes (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that with the clinical onset of diabetes, low-grade inflammation relates to worsening of glycemia and that endothelial activation may contribute to decreasing β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina S Weber
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Nowotny
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pacini
- Metabolic Unit, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Grossmann V, Schmitt VH, Zeller T, Panova-Noeva M, Schulz A, Laubert-Reh D, Juenger C, Schnabel RB, Abt TGJ, Laskowski R, Wiltink J, Schulz E, Blankenberg S, Lackner KJ, Münzel T, Wild PS. Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015; 38:1356-64. [PMID: 25877811 DOI: 10.2337/dc14-3008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The inflammatory and immune systems are altered in type 2 diabetes. Here, the aim was to profile the immune and inflammatory response in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in a large population-representative sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In total, 15,010 individuals were analyzed from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Glucose status was classified according to HbA1c concentration and history of diagnosis. All samples were analyzed for white blood cells (WBCs), granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fibrinogen, and hematocrit. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and neopterin concentrations were determined in a subcohort. RESULTS In total, 7,584 men and 7,426 women were analyzed (range 35-74 years), with 1,425 and 1,299 having prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Biomarkers showed varying dynamics from normoglycemic via subjects with prediabetes to subjects with diabetes: 1) gradual increase (WBCs, granulocytes, monocytes, IL-1RA, IL-18, and fibrinogen), 2) increase with subclinical disease only (lymphocytes and CRP), 3) increase from prediabetes to diabetes only (neopterin), and 4) no variation with glucose status (hematocrit). The strongest relative differences were found for CRP, IL-1RA, and fibrinogen concentrations. Several inflammatory and immune markers were associated with the glucose status independent from cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, varied with disease severity and the presence of disease-specific complications in the diabetes subcohort. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory and immune biomarker profile varies with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Markers of inflammation and immunity enable differentiation between the early preclinical and clinical phases of the disease, disease complications, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Grossmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker H Schmitt
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marina Panova-Noeva
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dagmar Laubert-Reh
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claus Juenger
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias G J Abt
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rafael Laskowski
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eberhard Schulz
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine 2, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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46
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Joseph SV, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman BM. Fruit Polyphenols: A Review of Anti-inflammatory Effects in Humans. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:419-44. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.767221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Yang H, Wang C, Guo M, Zhou Y, Feng Z, Yin Z. Correlations between peroxisome proliferator activator receptor γ, Cystatin C, or advanced oxidation protein product, and atherosclerosis in diabetes patients. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 211:235-9. [PMID: 25543292 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the relationship between peroxisome proliferator activator receptor γ (PPAR γ), Cystatin C or advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and atherosclerosis (AS), and identify their diagnostic values for AS. Eighty AS patients above the age of 75 with type 2 diabetes were screened by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI). The baseline level of patients was firstly analyzed, and then the expression of PPAR γ was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Meanwhile, a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to analyze the concentration of AOPP, and immunonephelometry was carried out to detect the concentration of Cystatin C. The baseline level of patients was basically consistent. The expression of PPAR γ was significantly higher in severe AS than mild AS patients (P < 0.05), while no differences were found in serum Cystatin C and AOPP between severe AS and mild AS patients (P > 0.05). Thus, PPAR γ exhibited a high diagnostic value for severe AS (AUC = 0.850), but not Cystatin C and AOPP (AUC = 0.553, AUC = 0.4780). Moreover, the combination of PPAR γ, Cystatin C and AOPP exhibited a quite high diagnostic value in AS (AUC = 0.961, Sen = 0.9, Spe = 0.975), which was also higher than PPAR γ alone. In conclusion, the contents of PPAR γ, Cystatin C and AOPP were closely related to AS in diabetes, indicating a potential clinical diagnostic value of PPAR γ, Cystatin C and AOPP in diabetes with AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- The Cadre Health Care Ward, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun Wang
- The Cadre Health Care Ward, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Meizi Guo
- The Cadre Health Care Ward, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yihua Zhou
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Feng
- The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- The Cadre Health Care Ward, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
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Campwala H, Sexton DW, Crossman DC, Fountain SJ. P2Y₆ receptor inhibition perturbs CCL2-evoked signalling in human monocytic and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:4964-73. [PMID: 25271060 PMCID: PMC4231309 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.159012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CCL2 serves to target circulating monocytes and other leukocytes to tissue during innate immune responses, and modulates the progression of chronic inflammatory disease through activation of the receptor CCR2. Here, we show that co-activation of the P2Y₆ purinergic receptor (encoded by P2RY₆) occurs when THP-1 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells sense CCL2 through CCR2. Furthermore, P2Y₆ receptor activation accounts for ∼80% of the intracellular Ca²⁺ signal evoked by CCL2. Scavenging extracellular nucleotides with apyrase caused a fourfold reduction in THP-1 sensitivity to CCL2, whereas inhibition of CD39-like ectonucleotidases potentiated CCL2-evoked Ca²⁺ responses. Pharmacological inhibition of P2Y₆ impaired CCL2-evoked Ca²⁺ signalling and chemotaxis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and THP-1 cells. Furthermore, stable P2Y₆ receptor knockdown (of twofold) in THP-1 cells impaired CCL2-evoked Ca²⁺ signalling, chemotaxis and adhesion to TNFα-treated HUVECs. We demonstrate that THP-1 cells rapidly secrete ATP during signalling downstream of the CCL2-CCR2 axis and suggest this might act as a mechanism for P2Y₆ receptor co-activation following CCL2 activation of the CCR2 receptor. The discovery that P2Y₆ receptor mediates leukocyte responsiveness to CCL2 represents a new mechanism by which to modulate CCL2 signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinnah Campwala
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Darren W Sexton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David C Crossman
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Samuel J Fountain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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Esser N, Legrand-Poels S, Piette J, Scheen AJ, Paquot N. Inflammation as a link between obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 105:141-50. [PMID: 24798950 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1254] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is recognized that a chronic low-grade inflammation and an activation of the immune system are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Systemic inflammatory markers are risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes and its macrovascular complications. Adipose tissue, liver, muscle and pancreas are themselves sites of inflammation in presence of obesity. An infiltration of macrophages and other immune cells is observed in these tissues associated with a cell population shift from an anti-inflammatory to a pro-inflammatory profile. These cells are crucial for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which act in an autocrine and paracrine manner to interfere with insulin signaling in peripheral tissues or induce β-cell dysfunction and subsequent insulin deficiency. Particularly, the pro-inflammatory interleukin-1β is implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The objectives of this review are to expose recent data supporting the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes and to examine various mechanisms underlying this relationship. If type 2 diabetes is an inflammatory disease, anti-inflammatory therapies could have a place in prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Esser
- Virology and Immunology Unit, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Sylvie Legrand-Poels
- Virology and Immunology Unit, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jacques Piette
- Virology and Immunology Unit, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - André J Scheen
- Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Virology and Immunology Unit, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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50
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Menart-Houtermans B, Rütter R, Nowotny B, Rosenbauer J, Koliaki C, Kahl S, Simon MC, Szendroedi J, Schloot NC, Roden M. Leukocyte profiles differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and are associated with metabolic phenotypes: results from the German Diabetes Study (GDS). Diabetes Care 2014; 37:2326-33. [PMID: 25061140 DOI: 10.2337/dc14-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Altered immune reactivity precedes and accompanies type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that the metabolic phenotype relates to the systemic cellular immune status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 194 metabolically well-controlled patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 62, mean diabetes duration 1.29 years) or type 2 diabetes (n = 132, 1.98 years) and 60 normoglycemic persons underwent blood sampling for automated white blood cell counting (WBC) and flow cytometry. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp tests. RESULTS Patients with type 2 diabetes had higher WBC counts than control subjects along with a higher percentage of T cells and activated T helper (Th) and cytotoxic T (Tc) cells but lower proportions of natural killer (NK) cells. In type 1 diabetes, the percentage of activated Th and Tc cells was also higher compared with control subjects, whereas the ratio of regulatory T (Treg) cells to activated Th cells was lower, suggesting diminished regulatory capacity. Parameters of glycemic control related positively to Treg cells only in type 2 diabetes. Upon age, sex, and body mass adjustments, insulin sensitivity correlated positively with monocytes, while circulating lipids correlated positively with T cell subsets in type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Immune cell phenotypes showed distinct frequencies of occurrence in both diabetes types and associate with insulin sensitivity, glycemia, and lipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Menart-Houtermans
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruth Rütter
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Nowotny
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Rosenbauer
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyInstitute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chrysi Koliaki
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Simon
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Clinics Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nanette C Schloot
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, GermanyGerman Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Clinics Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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