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Angelini G, Russo S, Mingrone G. Incretin hormones, obesity and gut microbiota. Peptides 2024; 178:171216. [PMID: 38636809 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically, reaching epidemic proportions. By 2030 the number of people affected by obesity will reach 1.12 billion worldwide. Gastrointestinal hormones, namely incretins, play a vital role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its comorbidities. GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), which are secreted from the intestine after nutrient intake and stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, influence lipid metabolism, gastric empting, appetite and body weight. The gut microbiota plays an important role in various metabolic conditions, including obesity and type 2 diabetes and influences host metabolism through the interaction with enteroendocrine cells that modulate incretins secretion. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole, directly stimulate the release of incretins from colonic enteroendocrine cells influencing host satiety and food intake. Moreover, bariatric surgery and incretin-based therapies are associated with increase gut bacterial richness and diversity. Understanding the role of incretins, gut microbiota, and their metabolites in regulating metabolic processes is crucial to develop effective strategies for the management of obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Russo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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2
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Li A, Hu H, Huang Y, Yang F, Mi Q, Jin L, Liu H, Zhang Q, Pan H. Effects of dietary metabolizable energy level on hepatic lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in aged laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103855. [PMID: 38796988 PMCID: PMC11153248 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolic capacity, feed utilization, and the diversity of gut microbiota are reduced in the late laying stage for laying hens. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) on hepatic lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in late laying hens. The 216 Peking Pink laying hens (57-wk-old) were randomly assigned to experimental diets of 11.56 (HM = high ME), 11.14 (MM = medium ME), or 10.72 (LM = low ME) MJ of ME/kg, with each dietary treatment containing 6 replicates per group and 12 chickens per replicate. The HM group showed higher triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations in the liver compared with the LM group; second, the HM group showed higher TG concentration and the LM group showed lower T-CHO concentration compared with MM group; finally, the HM group showed a lower hepatic lipase (HL) activity compared with the MM and LM groups (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the microbial community structure of the cecum between the HM and MM groups (P < 0.05). The decrease of dietary ME level resulted in a gradual decrease relative abundance of Proteobacteria. At the genus level, beneficial bacteria were significantly enriched in the LM group compared to the MM group, including Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] >2, P <0.05). In addition, at the species level, Lactobacillus crispatus, Parabacteroides gordonii, Blautia caecimuris, and Lactobacillus johnsonii were significantly enriched in the LM group (LDA>2, P < 0.05). The HM group had a higher abundance of Sutterella spp. compared to the LM group (LDA>2, P <0.05). In conclusion, this research suggests that the reduction in dietary energy level did not adversely affect glycolipid metabolism or low dietary ME (10.72 MJ/kg). The findings can be helpful for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and increasing benefit for gut microbiota in late laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjian Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Fuyan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qianhui Mi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Liqiang Jin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- WOD Poultry Research Institute, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; WOD Poultry Research Institute, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Zhang A, Yu Y, Ji Y, Tong X, Tu X, Liang Y, Lian L, Pan D, Wu Z. Quorum sensing effect of chiral d-glutamine on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota of mice by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A3. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5219-5230. [PMID: 38323477 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids (AAs) are the building blocks of proteins, but they also serve as biological compounds in biochemical processes, and d-AA isomers are increasingly being recognized as important signaling molecules. As the main organic substrate used by cells in the intestinal tract, the role of the chiral specificity of glutamine is still largely ignored. RESULTS In a previous study, we found that d-glutamine affected the quorum sensing of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A3, promoted the release of signaling molecule AI-2 and up-regulated the expression of the LuxS gene. The results showed that when d-glutamine and L. plantarum A3 were simultaneously applied to a mouse model, the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in both male and female mice were increased. Interestingly, the simultaneous effect of d-glutamine and L. plantarum A3 on the bacterial diversity and abundance of male mice was significantly higher than that of female mice. In addition, the combination of d-glutamine and L. plantarum A3 can improve the host microecology by enhancing the population of Firmicutes such as Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae, reducing the population of Fusobacterium and Bacteroides and affecting metabolic pathways such as AA metabolism and transporter transport. CONCLUSION d-Glutamine, as a signaling molecule, can better stimulate the endogenous d-glutamine synthesis in mice and be utilized by L. plantarum A3. Furthermore, sex differences in the changes of intestinal microflora are also found in this research. This research sheds some light on the adoption of d-AAs combined with lactic acid bacteria in intestinal tract health treatment. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yixing Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youwei Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xubin Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Li S, Ma X, Zhang X, Bai S, Li X, Huang Y, Yu J, Fan Y, Lu C, Du G, Qin Y. Bisphenol S exposure induces intestinal inflammation via altering gut microbiome. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114830. [PMID: 38908815 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS), a substitute for bisphenol A, is widely used in the manufacture of food packaging materials, raising concern over its toxicity. However, evidence is still lacking on whether gut microbiota involved in BPS induced intestinal inflammation in mammals, as well as its underlying mechanism. Using mouse BPS exposure model, we found intestinal inflammation characterized by shortened colon length, crypt distortion, macrophage accumulation and increased apoptosis. As for gut microbiota, 16s rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed BPS exposure induced gut dysbiosis, including increased pro-inflammatory microbes such as Ileibacterium, and decreased anti-inflammatory genera such as Lactobacillus, Blautia and Romboutsia. Besides, LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomic analysis indicated BPS impaired both bacteria and host metabolism. Additionally, transcriptome analysis of the intestine revealed abnormal gene expression in intestinal mucosal barrier and inflammation. More importantly, treating mice with antibiotics significantly attenuated BPS-induced gut inflammation via the regulation of both bacterial and host metabolites, indicating the role of gut microbiota. Collectively, BPS exposure induces intestinal inflammation via altering gut microbiota in mouse. This study provides the possibility of madecassic acid, an anti-inflammatory metabolite, to prevent BPS-induced intestinal inflammation and also new insights in understanding host-microbiota interaction in BPS toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Rosell-Díaz M, Petit-Gay A, Molas-Prat C, Gallardo-Nuell L, Ramió-Torrentà L, Garre-Olmo J, Pérez-Brocal V, Moya A, Jové M, Pamplona R, Puig J, Ramos R, Bäckhed F, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Fernández-Real JM. Metformin-induced changes in the gut microbiome and plasma metabolome are associated with cognition in men. Metabolism 2024; 157:155941. [PMID: 38871078 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An altered gut microbiome characterized by reduced abundance of butyrate producing bacteria and reduced gene richness is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). An important complication of T2D is increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. The biguanide metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the control of T2D and metformin treatment has been associated with a significant reduction in the risk of dementia and improved cognition, particularly in people with T2D. AIM To investigate the associations of metformin use with cognition exploring potential mechanisms by analyzing the gut microbiome and plasma metabolome using shotgun metagenomics and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, respectively. METHODS We explored two independent cohorts: an observational study (Aging Imageomics) and a phase IV, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized pilot study (MEIFLO). From the two studies, we analyzed four study groups: (1) individuals with no documented medical history or medical treatment (n = 172); (2) people with long-term T2D on metformin monotherapy (n = 134); (3) people with long-term T2D treated with oral hypoglycemic agents other than metformin (n = 45); (4) a newly diagnosed T2D subjects on metformin monotherapy (n = 22). Analyses were also performed stratifying by sex. RESULTS Several bacterial species belonging to the Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli) and Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia muciniphila) phyla were positively associated with metformin treatment, while bacterial species belonging to the Firmicutes phylum (Romboutsia timonensis, Romboutsia ilealis) were negatively associated. Due to the consistent increase in A. muciniphila and decrease in R.ilealis in people with T2D subjects treated with metformin, we investigated the association between this ratio and cognition. In the entire cohort of metformin-treated T2D subjects, the A.muciniphila/R.ilealis ratio was not significantly associated with cognitive test scores. However, after stratifying by sex, the A.muciniphila/R. ilealis ratio was significantly and positively associated with higher memory scores and improved memory in men. Metformin treatment was associated with an enrichment of microbial pathways involved in the TCA cycle, and butanoate, arginine, and proline metabolism in both cohorts. The bacterial genes involved in arginine metabolism, especially in production of glutamate (astA, astB, astC, astD, astE, putA), were enriched following metformin intake. In agreement, in the metabolomics analysis, metformin treatment was strongly associated with the amino acid proline, a metabolite involved in the metabolism of glutamate. CONCLUSIONS The beneficial effects of metformin may be mediated by changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial-host-derived co-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisel Rosell-Díaz
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain and University of Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Petit-Gay
- Degree in Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Molas-Prat
- Degree in Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Gallardo-Nuell
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain and University of Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Ramió-Torrentà
- Girona Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital and Santa Caterina Hospital, Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation research group, IDIBGI, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona-Salt, Spain
| | - Josep Garre-Olmo
- Research Group on Health, Gender, and Aging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Department of Nursing, University of Girona, Spain
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia and Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Josep Puig
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI)-Research Unit (IDIR), Parc Sanitari Pere Virgili, Barcelona, Spain; Medical Imaging, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain; Department of Radiology (IDI), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramos
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Vascular Health Research Group of Girona (ISV-Girona), Jordi Gol Institute for Primary Care Research (Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol I Gorina -IDIAPJGol), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud -RICAPPS- ISCIII, Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory and Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, S-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain and University of Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Girona, Spain and University of Girona, Girona, Spain; CIBER Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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Zhang J, Yu Z, Li S, Zhang Q, Chen W, Wang J, He S, Liu Y, Chen S, Xu J. Causal relationship between T2DM microvascular complications and gut microbiota: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1349465. [PMID: 38887269 PMCID: PMC11180823 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1349465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gowing number of studies have demonstrated the association between gut microbiome and T2DM microvascular complications, however the causal relationship remains unclear. Therefore, we using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate this causal relation. Methods Using gut microbiome data from the International MiBioGen Consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS) and T2DM microvascular complications data from the FinnGen Consortium GWAS to perform MR analyses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs), the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, and the results were tested for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Results Our research identified that there are 5 known microbial species and 2 unknown microbial species in the gut microbiome that were causally related to T2DM retinopathy. Besides, three and seven known microbial species causal relationships between the gut microbiome and T2DM neuropathy and T2DM nephropathy, respectively. Conclusions Using MR methods, we demonstrated the causal relationship between gut microbiome and microvascular complications in T2DM, providing a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilu Yu
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qingfang Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shasha He
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jixiong Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Wang M, Huang ZH, Zhu YH, Li S, Li X, Sun H, He P, Peng YL, Fan QL. Association of dietary live microbe intake with diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:705-714. [PMID: 38400938 PMCID: PMC11101549 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Several studies have reported dietary microorganisms' beneficial effects on human health. We aimed to detect the potential association between dietary live microbe intake and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018. METHODS According to the Sanders classification system of dietary live microbes, the study participants were divided into three groups: low, medium, and high live microbe groups. In patients with T2DM, DKD was assessed by glomerular filtration rate (< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration algorithm), proteinuria (urinary albumin to creatinine ratio ≥ 30 mg/g), or both. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the independent association between dietary live microbe and DKD. RESULTS The study included 3836 participants, of whom 1467 (38.24%) had DKD for the diagnosis. Our study demonstrated that participants in the high dietary live microbe group were more likely to be older, female, non-Hispanic White, have higher education levels, have a lower prevalence of smoking, have a high poverty-income ratio, have higher energy intake, lower haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum creatinine levels, and lower risk of progression. After adjustment for covariates, patients in the high dietary live microbe group had a low prevalence of DKD, whereas no significant association with DKD was found between the medium and low dietary live microbe groups. No statistically significant interaction was observed in all subgroup analyses except for HbA1c (p for interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that high dietary live microbe intake was associated with a low DKD prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Huang
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The second affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ya-Li Peng
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiu-Ling Fan
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Panati D, Timmapuram J, Puthalapattu S, Sudhakar TP, Chaudhuri S. Therapeutic benefit of probiotic in alcohol dependence syndrome: Evidence from a tertiary care centre of India. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102338. [PMID: 38604291 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Probiotic adjuvant has promising effects in treating alcohol induced hepatitis, depression, and anxiety. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of adjuvant probiotic use in improving the liver functions, anxiety, and depression among patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) in a tertiary care hospital in Andhra Pradesh, India. In this prospective observational design, ADS patients with or without probiotics were followed-up at one and three months after initiation of treatment. They were assessed for liver function test (LFT), anxiety by HAM-A and depression by HAM-D scale. A total of 120 patients complied with the treatment, 60 in each group, mean age being 35.0 years (SD 9.5 years). The baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in both the groups. Significant reduction was noted in the probiotic group for total bilirubin (Mean difference (MD) 0.18; 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.31), AST (MD 5.0; 95 % CI: 0.5, 9.5), and ALT (MD 8.6; 95 % CI: 1.4, 15.7) at one month after treatment. Both the groups showed a considerable change in anxiety and depression scores (HAM-A and HAM-D) till three months. At three months of treatment initiation, proportional improvement of severity grade to mild form in anxiety was more in the probiotic group (35 %) than the non-probiotic group (13.3 %) (p < 0.05). Hence, probiotic supplementation can significantly reduce the hepatic enzymes and depression severity in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome but demands additional robust evidence on the causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Panati
- Department of Psychiatry, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor, India.
| | - Jayapriya Timmapuram
- Department of Psychiatry, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor, India
| | - Swetha Puthalapattu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chittoor, India
| | | | - Sirshendu Chaudhuri
- Department of Epidemiology, Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India
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Jaquez-Durán G, Arellano-Ortiz AL. Western diet components that increase intestinal permeability with implications on health. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:405-421. [PMID: 38009780 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal permeability is a physiological property that allows necessary molecules to enter the organism. This property is regulated by tight junction proteins located between intestinal epithelial cells. However, various factors can increase intestinal permeability (IIP), including diet. Specific components in the Western diet (WD), such as monosaccharides, fat, gluten, salt, alcohol, and additives, can affect the tight junctions between enterocytes, leading to increased permeability. This review explains how these components promote IIP and outlines their potential implications for health. In addition, we describe how a reduction in WD consumption may help improve dietary treatment of diseases associated with IIP. Research has shown that some of these components can cause changes in the gut microbiota, leading to dysbiosis, which can promote greater intestinal permeability and displacement of endotoxins into the bloodstream. These endotoxins include lipopolysaccharides derived from gram-negative bacteria, and their presence has been associated with various diseases, such as autoimmune, neurological, and metabolic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, nutrition professionals should promote the reduction of WD consumption and consider the inclusion of healthy diet components as part of the nutritional treatment for diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Jaquez-Durán
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División Multidisciplinaria de Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - Ana Lidia Arellano-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División Multidisciplinaria de Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, México
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10
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Minaya DM, Kim JS, Kirkland R, Allen J, Cullinan S, Maclang N, de Lartigue G, de La Serre CB. Transfer with microbiota from lean donors prevents excessive weight gain and restores gut-brain vagal signaling in obese rats maintained on a high fat diet. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4438240. [PMID: 38853960 PMCID: PMC11160927 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4438240/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background The collection of microorganisms, mainly bacteria, which live in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are collectible known as the gut microbiota. GI bacteria play an active role in regulation of the host's immune system and metabolism, as well as certain pathophysiological processes. Diet is the main factor modulating GI microbiota composition and recent studies have shown that high fat (HF) diets induce detrimental changes, known as dysbiosis, in the GI bacterial makeup. HF diet induced microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with structural and functional changes in gut-brain vagally mediated signaling system, associated with overeating and obesity. Although HF-driven changes in microbiota composition are sufficient to alter vagal signaling, it is unknown if restoring normal microbiota in obesity can improve gut-brain signaling and metabolic outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the effect of lean gut microbiota transfer in obese, vagally compromised, rats on gut-brain communication, food intake, and body weight. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on regular chow, or 45% HF diet for nine weeks followed by three weeks of microbiota depletion using an antibiotic cocktail. The animals were then divided into four groups (n=10 each): LF - control group on regular chow, LF-LF - chow fed animals that received antibiotics and microbiota from chow fed animals, HF-LF - HF fed animals that received microbiota from chow fed animals, and HF-HF - HF fed animals that received microbiota from HF fed animals. Animals were gavaged with donor microbiota for three consecutive days on week one and once a week thereafter for three more weeks. HF-LF animals received inulin as a prebiotic to aid the establishment of the lean microbiome. Results We found that transferring a LF microbiota to HF fed animals (HF-LF) reduced caloric intake during the light phase when compared with HF-HF rats and prevented additional excessive weight gain. We did not observe significant changes in the density of vagal afferents terminating in the brainstem among the groups, however, HF-LF animals displayed an increase in postprandial activation of both primary sensory neurons innervating the GI tract and brainstem secondary neurons. Conclusions We concluded from these data that normalizing microbiota composition in obese rats improves gut-brain communication and restores normal feeding patterns which was associated with a reduction in weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce M. Minaya
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | | | - Rebecca Kirkland
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Jillian Allen
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Sitara Cullinan
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Neil Maclang
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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11
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Yan J, Wang Z, Bao G, Xue C, Zheng W, Fu R, Zhang M, Ding J, Yang F, Sun B. Causal effect between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in European population: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:67. [PMID: 38807189 PMCID: PMC11134679 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have reported that gut microbiota composition is associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the causal effect of gut microbiota on metabolic syndrome has yet to be confirmed. METHODS We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study to investigate the causal effect between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in European population. Summary statistics of gut microbiota were from the largest available genome-wide association study meta-analysis (n = 13,266) conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. The summary statistics of outcome were obtained from the most comprehensive genome-wide association studies of metabolic syndrome (n = 291,107). The inverse-variance weighted method was applied as the primary method, and the robustness of the results was assessed by a series of sensitivity analyses. RESULTS In the primary causal estimates, Actinobacteria (OR = 0.935, 95% CI = 0.878-0.996, P = 0.037), Bifidobacteriales (OR = 0.928, 95% CI = 0.868-0.992, P = 0.028), Bifidobacteriaceae (OR = 0.928, 95% CI = 0.868-0.992, P = 0.028), Desulfovibrio (OR = 0.920, 95% CI = 0.869-0.975, P = 0.005), and RuminococcaceaeUCG010 (OR = 0.882, 95% CI = 0.803-0.969, P = 0.009) may be associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome, while Lachnospiraceae (OR = 1.130, 95% CI = 1.016-1.257, P = 0.025), Veillonellaceae (OR = 1.055, 95% CI = 1.004-1.108, P = 0.034) and Olsenella (OR = 1.046, 95% CI = 1.009-1.085, P = 0.015) may be linked to a higher risk for metabolic syndrome. Reverse MR analysis demonstrated that abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG010 (OR = 0.938, 95% CI = 0.886-0.994, P = 0.030) may be downregulated by metabolic syndrome. Sensitivity analyses indicated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSIONS Our Mendelian randomization study provided causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome, which might provide new insights into the potential pathogenic mechanisms of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and the assignment of effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojian Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Cailin Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wenxuan Zheng
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Minglu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jialu Ding
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China.
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, China.
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
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Xu L, Zhu H, Chen P, Li Z, Yang K, Sun P, Gu F, Wu J, Cai M. In Vitro Digestion and Fermentation of Different Ethanol-Fractional Polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale: Molecular Decomposition and Regulation on Gut Microbiota. Foods 2024; 13:1675. [PMID: 38890903 PMCID: PMC11172086 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale have garnered attention for their diverse and well-documented biological activities. In this study, we isolated three ethanol-fractionated polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale (EPDO) and investigated their digestive properties and effects on gut microbiota regulation in vitro. The results indicated that after simulating digestion in saliva, gastric, and small intestinal fluids, three EPDOs, EPDO-40, EPDO-60 and EPDO-80, with molecular weights (Mw) of 442.6, 268.3 and 50.8 kDa, respectively, could reach the large intestine with a retention rate exceeding 95%. During in vitro fermentation, the EPDOs were broken down in a "melting" manner, resulting in a decrease in their Mw. EPDO-60 degraded more rapidly than EPDO-40, likely due to its moderate Mw. After 24 h, the total production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for EPDO-60 reached 51.2 ± 1.9 mmol/L, which was higher than that of EPDO-80. Additionally, there was an increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroides, which are capable of metabolizing polysaccharides. EPDO-60 also promoted the growth of specific microbiota, including Prevotella 9 and Parabacteroides, which could potentially benefit from these polysaccharides. Most notably, by comparing the gut microbiota produced by different fermentation carbon sources, we identified the eight most differential gut microbiota specialized in polysaccharide metabolism at the genus level. Functional prediction of these eight differential genera suggested roles in controlling replication and repair, regulating metabolism, and managing genetic information transmission. This provides a new reference for elucidating the specific mechanisms by which EPDOs influence the human body. These findings offer new evidence to explain how EPDOs differ in their digestive properties and contribute to the establishment of a healthy gut microbiota environment in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Longevity Valley Botanical Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321200, China;
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Peilong Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fangting Gu
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.X.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (K.Y.); (P.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecular Resources Processing Technology Research (Zhejiang University of Technology), China National Light Industry, Hangzhou 310014, China
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13
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Cao S, Wei Y, Yue Y, Li G, Wang H, Lin J, Wang Q, Liu P, Yu F, Xiong A, Zeng H. Omeprazole and risk of osteoarthritis: insights from a mendelian randomization study in the UK Biobank. J Transl Med 2024; 22:504. [PMID: 38802944 PMCID: PMC11129377 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A former cohort study has raised concern regarding the unanticipated hazard of omeprazole in expediting osteoarthritis (OA) advancement. The precise nature of their causal evidence, however, remains undetermined. The present research endeavors to investigate the underlying causal link between omeprazole and OA through the application of mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS The study incorporated the ukb-a-106 and ukb-b-14,486 datasets. The investigation of causal effects employed methodologies such as MR-Egger, Weighted median, Inverse variance weighted (IVW) with multiplicative random effects, and IVW (fixed effects). The IVW approach was predominantly considered for result interpretation. Sensitivity analysis was conducted, encompassing assessments for heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and the Leave-one-out techniques. RESULTS The outcomes of the MR analysis indicated a causal relationship between omeprazole and OA, with omeprazole identified as a contributing risk factor for OA development (IVW model: OR = 1.2473, P < 0.01 in ukb-a-106; OR = 1.1288, P < 0.05 in ukb-b-14,486). The sensitivity analysis underscored the robustness and dependability of the above-mentioned analytical findings. CONCLUSION This study, employing MR, reveals that omeprazole, as an exposure factor, elevates the risk of OA. Considering the drug's efficacy and associated adverse events, clinical practitioners should exercise caution regarding prolonged omeprazole use, particularly in populations with heightened OA risks. Further robust and high-quality research is warranted to validate our findings and guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Cao
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Wei
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohang Yue
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qichang Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ao Xiong
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Diseases and Biomaterials Research, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Yang M, Cai W, Li X, Deng Y, Li J, Wang X, Zhu L, Wang C, Li X. The Effect of Type 2 Resistant Starch and Indole-3-Propionic Acid on Ameliorating High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Gut Dysbiosis. Foods 2024; 13:1625. [PMID: 38890854 PMCID: PMC11172015 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, obesity has emerged as a significant global public health concern. To gain enhanced control over obesity, we examined the effects of type 2 resistant starch (RS2) and its promoted microbial-derived metabolite, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), on hepatic steatosis, antioxidant activity, and gut microbiota in obese mice. Neither RS2 nor low-dose IPA (20 mg kg-1) exhibited a reduction in body weight or improved glucose and lipid metabolism in post-obesity state mice continuously fed the high-fat diet (HFD). However, both interventions improved hepatic steatosis, with RS2 being more effective in all measured parameters, potentially due to changes in gut microbiota and metabolites not solely attributed to IPA. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed increased serum IPA levels in both RS2 and IPA groups, which positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Clostridium. Moreover, RS2 exhibited a more significant restoration of gut dysbiosis by promoting the abundance of health-promoting bacteria including Faecalibaculum and Bifidobacterium. These findings suggest that the regulatory role of RS2 on tryptophan metabolism only partially explains its prebiotic activity. Future studies should consider increasing the dose of IPA and combining RS2 and IPA to explore their potential interventions in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wanhao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yixuan Deng
- The 2nd School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou 325035, China;
| | - Jinjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.Y.); (W.C.)
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products & Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (X.L.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (L.Z.)
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15
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Amini-Salehi E, Samethadka Nayak S, Maddineni G, Mahapatro A, Keivanlou MH, Soltani Moghadam S, Vakilpour A, Aleali MS, Joukar F, Hashemi M, Norouzi N, Bakhshi A, Bahrampourian A, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Hassanipour S. Can modulation of gut microbiota affect anthropometric indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2900-2910. [PMID: 38694388 PMCID: PMC11060227 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Modulating the gut microbiota population by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics has shown to have a variety of health benefits in different populations, particularly those with metabolic disorders. Although the promising effects of these compounds have been observed in the management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the exact effects and the mechanisms of action are yet to be understood. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate how gut microbiota modulation affects anthropometric indices of NAFLD patients to achieve a comprehensive summary of current evidence-based knowledge. Methods Two researchers independently searched international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to June 2023. Meta-analysis studies that evaluated the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on patients with NAFLD were entered into our umbrella review. The data regarding anthropometric indices, including body mass index, weight, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), were extracted by the investigators. The authors used random effect model for conducting the meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results A total number of 13 studies were finally included in our study. Based on the final results, BMI was significantly decreased in NAFLD patients by modulation of gut microbiota [effect size (ES): -0.18, 05% CI: -0.25, -0.11, P<0.001]; however, no significant alteration was observed in weight and WC (ES: -1.72, 05% CI: -3.48, 0.03, P=0.055, and ES: -0.24, 05% CI: -0.75, 0.26, P=0.353, respectively). The results of subgroup analysis showed probiotics had the most substantial effect on decreasing BMI (ES: -0.77, 95% CI: -1.16, -0.38, P<0.001) followed by prebiotics (ES: -0.51, 95% CI: -0.76, -0.27, P<0.001) and synbiotics (ES: -0.12, 95% CI: -0.20, -0.04, P=0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, the present umbrella meta-analysis showed that although modulation of gut microbiota by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics had promising effects on BMI, no significant change was observed in the WC and weight of the patients. No sufficient data were available for other anthropometric indices including waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio and future meta-analyses should be done in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Amini-Salehi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Azin Vakilpour
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht
| | | | | | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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16
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Zhang Z, Lv T, Wang X, Wu M, Zhang R, Yang X, Fu Y, Liu Z. Role of the microbiota-gut-heart axis between bile acids and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116567. [PMID: 38583340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) receptors (e.g., farnesoid X-activated receptor, muscarinic receptor) are expressed in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating the relevance of BAs to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hydrophobic BAs are cardiotoxic, while hydrophilic BAs are cardioprotective. For example, fetal cardiac insufficiency in maternal intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, and the degree of fetal cardiac abnormality, is closely related to the level of hydrophobic BAs in maternal blood and infant blood. However, ursodeoxycholic acid (the most hydrophilic BA) can reverse/prevent these detrimental effects of increased levels of hydrophobic BAs on the heart. The gut microbiota (GM) and GM metabolites (especially secondary BAs) have crucial roles in hypertension, atherosclerosis, unstable angina, and heart failure. Herein, we describe the relationship between CVD and the GM at the BA level. We combine the concept of the "microbiota-gut-heart axis" (MGHA) and postulate the role and mechanism of BAs in CVD development. In addition, the strategies for treating CVD with BAs under the MGHA are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Menglu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
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17
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Yoo S, Jung SC, Kwak K, Kim JS. The Role of Prebiotics in Modulating Gut Microbiota: Implications for Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4834. [PMID: 38732060 PMCID: PMC11084426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota, an intricate ecosystem within the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in health and disease. Prebiotics, non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of beneficial microorganisms, have emerged as a key modulator of this complex microbial community. This review article explores the evolution of the prebiotic concept, delineates various types of prebiotics, including fructans, galactooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides, lactulose, resistant starch, and polyphenols, and elucidates their impact on the gut microbiota composition. We delve into the mechanisms through which prebiotics exert their effects, particularly focusing on producing short-chain fatty acids and modulating the gut microbiota towards a health-promoting composition. The implications of prebiotics on human health are extensively reviewed, focusing on conditions such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, immune function, and mental health. The review further discusses the emerging concept of synbiotics-combinations of prebiotics and probiotics that synergistically enhance gut health-and highlights the market potential of prebiotics in response to a growing demand for functional foods. By consolidating current knowledge and identifying areas for future research, this review aims to enhance understanding of prebiotics' role in health and disease, underscoring their importance in maintaining a healthy gut microbiome and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Yoo
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Chae Jung
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Kihyuck Kwak
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Seob Kim
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Institute for New Drug Development, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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18
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Zhang J, Wang H, Liu Y, Shi M, Zhang M, Zhang H, Chen J. Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1370999. [PMID: 38660489 PMCID: PMC11039806 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Merk D, Cox FF, Jakobs P, Prömel S, Altschmied J, Haendeler J. Dose-Dependent Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Endothelium-Sepsis versus Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Cellular Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:443. [PMID: 38671891 PMCID: PMC11047739 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, the innermost cell layer of blood vessels, is not only a physical barrier between the bloodstream and the surrounding tissues but has also essential functions in vascular homeostasis. Therefore, it is not surprising that endothelial dysfunction is associated with most cardiovascular diseases. The functionality of the endothelium is compromised by endotoxemia, the presence of bacterial endotoxins in the bloodstream with the main endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, this review will focus on the effects of LPS on the endothelium. Depending on the LPS concentration, the outcomes are either sepsis or, at lower concentrations, so-called low-dose or metabolic endotoxemia. Sepsis, a life-threatening condition evoked by hyperactivation of the immune response, includes breakdown of the endothelial barrier resulting in failure of multiple organs. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms in the endothelium might help pave the way to new therapeutic options in sepsis treatment to prevent endothelial leakage and fatal septic shock. Low-dose endotoxemia or metabolic endotoxemia results in chronic inflammation leading to endothelial cell senescence, which entails endothelial dysfunction and thus plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. The identification of compounds counteracting senescence induction in endothelial cells might therefore help in delaying the onset or progression of age-related pathologies. Interestingly, two natural plant-derived substances, caffeine and curcumin, have shown potential in preventing endothelial cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Merk
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
| | - Fiona Frederike Cox
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Translational Pharmacology, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Jakobs
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
| | - Simone Prömel
- Department of Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, CARID, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, CARID, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Liang J, Wang Y, Liu B, Dong X, Cai W, Zhang N, Zhang H. Deciphering the intricate linkage between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: Elucidating mechanistic pathways promising therapeutic strategies. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14704. [PMID: 38584341 PMCID: PMC10999574 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is composed of various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and constitutes an important part of the human gut. Its composition is closely related to human health and disease. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease whose underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Recent research has shown that there are significant differences in the gut microbiota between AD patients and healthy individuals. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota may lead to the development of harmful factors associated with AD. In addition, the gut microbiota may play a role in the development and progression of AD through the gut-brain axis. However, the exact nature of this relationship has not been fully understood. AIMS This review will elucidate the types and functions of gut microbiota and their relationship with AD and explore in depth the potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in the occurrence of AD and the prospects for treatment strategies. METHODS Reviewed literature from PubMed and Web of Science using key terminologies related to AD and the gut microbiome. RESULTS Research indicates that the gut microbiota can directly or indirectly influence the occurrence and progression of AD through metabolites, endotoxins, and the vagus nerve. DISCUSSION This review discusses the future challenges and research directions regarding the gut microbiota in AD. CONCLUSION While many unresolved issues remain regarding the gut microbiota and AD, the feasibility and immense potential of treating AD by modulating the gut microbiota are evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Liang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- Jiamusi CollegeHeilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiamusiHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Wenhui Cai
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Ning Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHarbinHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
| | - Hong Zhang
- Heilongjiang Jiamusi Central HospitalJiamusiHeilongjiang ProvinceChina
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21
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Tarique M, Ali AH, Kizhakkayil J, Liu SQ, Oz F, Dertli E, Kamal-Eldin A, Ayyash M. Exopolysaccharides from Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus thermophilus: Bioactivities, gut microbiome effects, and fermented milk rheology. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101073. [PMID: 38235344 PMCID: PMC10792183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are carbohydrate polymers that can be produced from probiotic bacteria. This study characterized the EPSs from Enterococcus faecium (EPS-LB13) and Streptococcus thermophilus (EPS-MLB10) and evaluated their biological and technological potential. The EPSs had high molecular weight and different monosaccharide compositions. The EPSs exhibited various biological activities at 250 mg/L, such as scavenging free radicals (10 % to 88.8 %), enhancing antioxidant capacity (714 to 2848 µg/mL), inhibiting pathogens (53 % to 74 %), and suppressing enzymes and cancer cells (2 % to 83 %), etc. The EPSs supported the growth of beneficial gut bacteria from Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Acinetobacter in fecal fermentation with total Short-chain fatty acids production from 5548 to 6023 PPM. Moreover, the EPSs reduced the gelation time of fermented skimmed bovine milk by more than half. These results suggest that the EPSs from LB13 and MLB10 have promising applications in the dairy and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tarique
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelmoneim H. Ali
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Jaleel Kizhakkayil
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shao-Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Enes Dertli
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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22
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Rosell-Díaz M, Fernández-Real JM. Metformin, Cognitive Function, and Changes in the Gut Microbiome. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:210-226. [PMID: 37603460 PMCID: PMC10911951 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are among the most serious threats to health in old age. The prevalence of dementia has reached 50 million people worldwide and has become a major public health problem. The causes of age-related cognitive impairment are multiple, complex, and difficult to determine. However, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to an enhanced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Human studies have shown that patients with T2D exhibit dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This dysbiosis may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and increased plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations. Metformin medication mimics some of the benefits of calorie restriction and physical activity, such as greater insulin sensitivity and decreased cholesterol levels, and hence may also have a positive impact on aging in humans. According to recent human investigations, metformin might partially restore gut dysbiosis related to T2D. Likewise, some studies showed that metformin reduced the risk of dementia and improved cognition, although not all studies are concordant. Therefore, this review focused on those human studies describing the effects of metformin on the gut microbiome (specifically the changes in taxonomy, function, and circulating metabolomics), the changes in cognitive function, and their possible bidirectional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisel Rosell-Díaz
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), 17007 Girona, Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), 17007 Girona, Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
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23
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Chang R, Liu J, Ji F, Fu L, Xu K, Yang Y, Ma A. Hypoglycemic effect of recrystallized resistant starch on high-fat diet- and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice via gut microbiota modulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129812. [PMID: 38302033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effects of two recrystallized resistant starches, A-type (ARS) and B-type (BRS), were investigated in type 2 diabetic mice. Mice were treated with low-, medium-, or high-dose ARS, high-dose BRS, or high-dose ARS combined with BRS (ABRS). After 10 weeks of continuous intervention, the medium-dose ARS group showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, area under the curve of glucose, triglyceride (P < 0.01), and low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.05) levels compared to the model group and an increase in high-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.01). The peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in the high-dose ARS, BRS, and ABRS groups and the butyric acid yield in the medium-dose ARS and BRS groups were significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared to those in the model group. Medium- and high-dose ARS intervention efficiently increased the relative abundance of beneficial Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Faecalibaculum, and lowered the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Overall, ARS exhibited greater advantages than BRS in lowering blood sugar levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Chang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Fangfei Ji
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Shanghai Municipal Minhang District Health Promotion Centre, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Lili Fu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kunjie Xu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yuexin Yang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; National Institute of Nutrition for Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100051, China
| | - Aiguo Ma
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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24
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Charitos IA, Aliani M, Tondo P, Venneri M, Castellana G, Scioscia G, Castellaneta F, Lacedonia D, Carone M. Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2841. [PMID: 38474087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders that concurrently act as factors promoting systemic pathologies such as atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus. It is now believed to encompass six main interacting conditions: visceral fat, imbalance of lipids (dyslipidemia), hypertension, insulin resistance (with or without impairing both glucose tolerance and fasting blood sugar), and inflammation. In the last 10 years, there has been a progressive interest through scientific research investigations conducted in the field of metabolomics, confirming a trend to evaluate the role of the metabolome, particularly the intestinal one. The intestinal microbiota (IM) is crucial due to the diversity of microorganisms and their abundance. Consequently, IM dysbiosis and its derivate toxic metabolites have been correlated with MetS. By intervening in these two factors (dysbiosis and consequently the metabolome), we can potentially prevent or slow down the clinical effects of the MetS process. This, in turn, may mitigate dysregulations of intestinal microbiota axes, such as the lung axis, thereby potentially alleviating the negative impact on respiratory pathology, such as the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the biomolecular mechanisms through which the IM influences the host's metabolism via a dysbiosis metabolome in both normal and pathological conditions are still unclear. In this study, we seek to provide a description of the knowledge to date of the IM and its metabolome and the factors that influence it. Furthermore, we analyze the interactions between the functions of the IM and the pathophysiology of major metabolic diseases via local and systemic metabolome's relate endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Aliani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Tondo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Venneri
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Genomics and Proteomics Laboratory, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Castellana
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulia Scioscia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Castellaneta
- School of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Bari (Aldo Moro), 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Lacedonia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mauro Carone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Guimarães JB, Rodrigues VF, Pereira ÍS, Manso GMDC, Elias-Oliveira J, Leite JA, Waldetario MCGM, de Oliveira S, Gomes ABDSP, Faria AMC, Ramos SG, Bonato VLD, Silva JS, Vinolo MAR, Sampaio UM, Clerici MTPS, Carlos D. Inulin prebiotic ameliorates type 1 diabetes dictating regulatory T cell homing via CCR4 to pancreatic islets and butyrogenic gut microbiota in murine model. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:483-496. [PMID: 37947010 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Inulin (INU), a prebiotic, modulates the gut microbiota, promoting beneficial bacteria that produce essential short-chain fatty acids for immune regulation. However, how INU affects T1D remains uncertain. Using a streptozotocin-induced (STZ) mouse model, we studied INU's protective effects. Remarkably, STZ + INU mice resisted T1D, with none developing the disease. They had lower blood glucose, reduced pancreatic inflammation, and normalized serum insulin compared with STZ + SD mice. STZ + INU mice also had enhanced mucus production, abundant Bifidobacterium, Clostridium cluster IV, Akkermansia muciniphila, and increased fecal butyrate. In cecal lymph nodes, we observed fewer CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells expressing CCR4 and more Foxp3+CCR4+ cells in pancreatic islets, with higher CCL17 expression. This phenotype was absent in CCR4-deficient mice on INU. INU supplementation effectively protects against experimental T1D by recruiting CCR4+ regulatory T cells via CCL17 into the pancreas and altering the butyrate-producing microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhefferson Barbosa Guimarães
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fernandes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Sousa Pereira
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Martins da Costa Manso
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Elias-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Antônio Leite
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sarah de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arilson Bernardo Dos Santos Pereira Gomes
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Caetano Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais,31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Gusmão Ramos
- Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Vânia L D Bonato
- Laboratory of Immunology and Pulmonary Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - João Santana Silva
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ulliana Marques Sampaio
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva Clerici
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela Carlos
- Laboratory of Imunorregulation of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ave. Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
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26
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Van K, Burns JL, Monk JM. Effect of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Inflammatory and Metabolic Function in an Obese Skeletal Muscle Cell Culture Model. Nutrients 2024; 16:500. [PMID: 38398822 PMCID: PMC10891728 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which have been shown to impact both skeletal muscle metabolic and inflammatory function; however, their effects within the obese skeletal muscle microenvironment are unknown. In this study, we developed a skeletal muscle in vitro model to mimic the critical features of the obese skeletal muscle microenvironment using L6 myotubes co-treated with 10 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 500 µM palmitic acid (PA) for 24 h ± individual SCFAs, namely acetate, propionate and butyrate at 0.5 mM and 2.5 mM. At the lower SCFA concentration (0.5 mM), all three SCFA reduced the secreted protein level of RANTES, and only butyrate reduced IL-6 protein secretion and the intracellular protein levels of activated (i.e., ratio of phosphorylated-total) NFκB p65 and STAT3 (p < 0.05). Conversely, at the higher SCFA concentration (2.5 mM), individual SCFAs exerted different effects on inflammatory mediator secretion. Specifically, butyrate reduced IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES secretion, propionate reduced IL-6 and RANTES, and acetate only reduced RANTES secretion (p < 0.05). All three SCFAs reduced intracellular protein levels of activated NFκB p65 and STAT3 (p < 0.05). Importantly, only the 2.5 mM SCFA concentration resulted in all three SCFAs increasing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake compared to control L6 myotube cultures (p < 0.05). Therefore, SCFAs exert differential effects on inflammatory mediator secretion in a cell culture model, recapitulating the obese skeletal muscle microenvironment; however, all three SCFAs exerted a beneficial metabolic effect only at a higher concentration via increasing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, collectively exerting differing degrees of a beneficial effect on obesity-associated skeletal muscle dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Van
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Jessie L. Burns
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Jennifer M. Monk
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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Chandrasekaran P, Weiskirchen R. The Role of Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1882. [PMID: 38339160 PMCID: PMC10855901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity or excessive weight gain is identified as the most important and significant risk factor in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in all age groups. It has reached pandemic dimensions, making the treatment of obesity crucial in the prevention and management of type 2 DM worldwide. Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated that moderate and sustained weight loss can improve blood glucose levels, insulin action and reduce the need for diabetic medications. A combined approach of diet, exercise and lifestyle modifications can successfully reduce obesity and subsequently ameliorate the ill effects and deadly complications of DM. This approach also helps largely in the prevention, control and remission of DM. Obesity and DM are chronic diseases that are increasing globally, requiring new approaches to manage and prevent diabetes in obese individuals. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanistic link between the two and design a comprehensive approach to increase life expectancy and improve the quality of life in patients with type 2 DM and obesity. This literature review provides explicit information on the clinical definitions of obesity and type 2 DM, the incidence and prevalence of type 2 DM in obese individuals, the indispensable role of obesity in the pathophysiology of type 2 DM and their mechanistic link. It also discusses clinical studies and outlines the recent management approaches for the treatment of these associated conditions. Additionally, in vivo studies on obesity and type 2 DM are discussed here as they pave the way for more rigorous development of therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Chandrasekaran
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. ND10.504, Dallas, TX 75390-9014, USA
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH), University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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28
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Moens de Hase E, Neyrinck AM, Rodriguez J, Cnop M, Paquot N, Thissen JP, Xu Y, Beloqui A, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM, Van Hul M, Cani PD. Impact of metformin and Dysosmobacter welbionis on diet-induced obesity and diabetes: from clinical observation to preclinical intervention. Diabetologia 2024; 67:333-345. [PMID: 37897566 PMCID: PMC10789671 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to investigate the association between the abundance of Dysosmobacter welbionis, a commensal gut bacterium, and metabolic health in human participants with obesity and diabetes, and the influence of metformin treatment and prebiotic intervention. METHODS Metabolic variables were assessed and faecal samples were collected from 106 participants in a randomised controlled intervention with a prebiotic stratified by metformin treatment (Food4Gut trial). The abundance of D. welbionis was measured by quantitative PCR and correlated with metabolic markers. The in vitro effect of metformin on D. welbionis growth was evaluated and an in vivo study was performed in mice to investigate the effects of metformin and D. welbionis J115T supplementation, either alone or in combination, on metabolic variables. RESULTS D. welbionis abundance was unaffected by prebiotic treatment but was significantly higher in metformin-treated participants. Responders to prebiotic treatment had higher baseline D. welbionis levels than non-responders. D. welbionis was negatively correlated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and fasting blood glucose levels in humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. In vitro, metformin had no direct effect on D. welbionis growth. In mice, D. welbionis J115T treatment reduced body weight gain and liver weight, and improved glucose tolerance to a better level than metformin, but did not have synergistic effects with metformin. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION D. welbionis abundance is influenced by metformin treatment and associated with prebiotic response, liver health and glucose metabolism in humans with obesity and diabetes. This study suggests that D. welbionis may play a role in metabolic health and warrants further investigation. CLINICAL TRIAL NCT03852069.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moens de Hase
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, and Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Paquot
- Laboratory of Diabetology, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yining Xu
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Beloqui
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
- WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain (Université catholique de Louvain), Brussels, Belgium.
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29
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Petito-da-Silva TI, Villardi FM, Penna-de-Carvalho A, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Souza-Mello V, Barbosa-da-Silva S. An Intestinal FXR Agonist Mitigates Dysbiosis, Intestinal Tight Junctions, and Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300148. [PMID: 38085111 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE To analyze the effects of fexaramine (FEX), as an intestinal FXR agonist, on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota and ileum of mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-month-old C57Bl/6 male mice are divided into two groups and received a control (C, 10% of energy from lipids) or HF (50% of energy from lipids) diet for 12 weeks. They are subdivided into the C, C + FEX, HF, and HF + FEX groups. FEX is administered (FEX-5 mg kg-1 ) via orogastric gavage for three weeks. Body mass (BM), glucose metabolism, qPCR 16S rRNA gene expression, and ileum gene expression, bile acids (BAs), tight junctions (TJs), and incretin are analyzed. FEX reduces BM and glucose intolerance, reduces plasma lipid concentrations and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, increases the Lactobacillus sp. and Prevotella sp. abundance, and reduces the Escherichia coli abundance. Consequently, the ileal gene expression of Fxr-Fgf15, Tgr5-Glp1, and Cldn-Ocldn-Zo1 is increased, and Tlr4-Il6-Il1beta is decreased. CONCLUSION FEX stimulates intestinal FXR and improves dysbiosis, intestinal TJs, and the release of incretins, mitigating glucose intolerance and BM increases induced by an HF diet. However, FEX results in glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and reduces intestinal TJs in a control group, thus demonstrating limitations to this dietary model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris Ingrid Petito-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Missiba Villardi
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Penna-de-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Souza-Mello
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandra Barbosa-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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30
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Zhang M, Yang F, Feng Q, Ou Y, Zhang J, Wan H, Cao H, Ning P. Comparison of the efficacy of fish oil and probiotic supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:25. [PMID: 38254166 PMCID: PMC10804729 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism contribute to the progression and exacerbation of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fish oil and probiotics are dietary supplements that have the potential to improve glucose and lipid metabolism. However, their efficacy remains unclear in T2DM patients. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of fish oil or probiotic supplementation in T2DM patients from the database inception to December 13, 2023. Primary outcome indicators encompassed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and blood lipid profile (triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Secondary outcome indicators included inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) and adipocytokine (including leptin and adiponectin). The R software was used for statistical analysis, and GraphPad Prism was used for figure rendering. RESULTS A total of 60 RCTs involving 3845 T2DM patients were included in the analysis. The results showed that the probiotics (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Propionibacterium, etc.) were more effective in reducing HOMA-IR than fish oil (Surca = 0.935). Bifidobacterium demonstrated the highest efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels (Surca = 0.963). Regarding lipid metabolism, fish oil was superior to probiotics in lowering TG and TC levels (Surca values of 0.978 and 0.902, respectively). Furthermore, fish oil outperformed probiotics in reducing TNF-α (Surca = 0.839) and leptin (Surca = 0.712), and increasing adiponectin levels (Surca = 0.742). Node-splitting analysis showed good consistency (P > 0.05 for direct, indirect, and network comparison across various interventions). CONCLUSIONS In T2DM patients, fish oil was more effective than probiotics in regulating lipid metabolism. Probiotics outperformed fish oil in regulating glucose metabolism particularly; specifically, Bifidobacterium showed higher efficacy in reducing blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Feng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanghong Ou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyan Wan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyi Cao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
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31
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Peña-Juárez MC, Guadarrama-Escobar OR, Serrano-Castañeda P, Méndez-Albores A, Vázquez-Durán A, Vera-Graziano R, Rodríguez-Pérez B, Salgado-Machuca M, Anguiano-Almazán E, Morales-Florido MI, Rodríguez-Cruz IM, Escobar-Chávez JJ. Synergistic Effect of Retinoic Acid and Lactoferrin in the Maintenance of Gut Homeostasis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:78. [PMID: 38254678 PMCID: PMC10813542 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein that binds to iron ions (Fe2+) and other metallic ions, such as Mg2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, and has antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. The antibacterial properties of LF are due to its ability to sequester iron. The immunomodulatory capability of LF promotes homeostasis in the enteric environment, acting directly on the beneficial microbiota. LF can modulate antigen-presenting cell (APC) biology, including migration and cell activation. Nonetheless, some gut microbiota strains produce toxic metabolites, and APCs are responsible for initiating the process that inhibits the inflammatory response against them. Thus, eliminating harmful strains lowers the risk of inducing chronic inflammation, and consequently, metabolic disease, which can progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LF and retinoic acid (RA) exhibit immunomodulatory properties such as decreasing cytokine production, thus modifying the inflammatory response. Their activities have been observed both in vitro and in vivo. The combined, simultaneous effect of these molecules has not been studied; however, the synergistic effect of LF and RA may be employed for enhancing the secretion of humoral factors, such as IgA. We speculate that the combination of LF and RA could be a potential prophylactic alternative for the treatment of metabolic dysregulations such as T2DM. The present review focuses on the importance of a healthy diet for a balanced gut and describes how probiotics and prebiotics with immunomodulatory activity as well as inductors of differentiation and cell proliferation could be acquired directly from the diet or indirectly through the oral administration of formulations aimed to maintain gut health or restore a eubiotic state in an intestinal environment that has been dysregulated by external factors such as stress and a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Concepción Peña-Juárez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Omar Rodrigo Guadarrama-Escobar
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Pablo Serrano-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.M.-A.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.M.-A.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Ricardo Vera-Graziano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Betsabé Rodríguez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Servicio de Análisis de Propóleos (LASAP), Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Salgado-Machuca
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Ericka Anguiano-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Miriam Isabel Morales-Florido
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
- Laboratorio de Farmacia Molecular y Liberación Controlada, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Isabel Marlene Rodríguez-Cruz
- Unidad de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Regional e Alta Especialidad de Sumpango, Carretera Zumpango-Jilotzingo #400, Barrio de Santiago, 2ª Sección, Zumpango 55600, Mexico;
| | - José Juan Escobar-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
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Milhem F, Skates E, Wilson M, Komarnytsky S. Obesity-Resistant Mice on a High-Fat Diet Display a Distinct Phenotype Linked to Enhanced Lipid Metabolism. Nutrients 2024; 16:171. [PMID: 38202000 PMCID: PMC10780630 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Individually, metabolic variations can significantly influence predisposition to obesity in the form of the obesity-prone (super-responders) and obesity-resistant (non-responders) phenotypes in response to modern calorie-dense diets. In this study, C57BL/6J mice (n = 76) were randomly assigned to either a low-fat diet (LFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks, followed by selection of the normally obese (HFD), non-responders (NR), super-responders (SR), or super-responders switched back to the low-fat diet (SR-LFD) for an additional 8 weeks. SR mice showed the highest gains in body weight, lean and fat body mass, and total and free water, in part due to increased feed efficiency, despite having a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) similar to that of NR mice. A switch to the LFD was sufficient to revert most of the observed physiological changes in the SR-LFD mice; however, voluntary physical activity and exercise capacity did not return to the basal level. NR mice showed the highest food intake, lowest feed efficiency, increased oxygen consumption during the light (rest) cycle, increased physical activity during the dark (active) cycle, and increased heat production during both cycles. These variations were observed in the absence of changes in food intake and fecal parameters; however, NR fecal lipid content was lower, and the NR fecal microbiome profile was characterized by reduced abundance of Actinobacteria. Taken together, our findings suggest that NR mice showed an increased ability to metabolize excessive dietary fats in skeletal muscle at the expense of reduced exercise capacity that persisted for the duration of the study. These findings underscore the need for further comprehensive investigations into the mechanisms of obesity resistance, as they hold potential implications for weight-loss strategies in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Milhem
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (F.M.); (E.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, NC State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, 317 Airport Road, Amman 11196, Jordan
| | - Emily Skates
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (F.M.); (E.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Mickey Wilson
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (F.M.); (E.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (F.M.); (E.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, NC State University, 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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El Maksoud AIA, Al-Karmalawy AA, ElEbeedy D, Ghanem A, Rasheed Y, Ibrahim IA, Elghaish RA, Belal A, Raslan MA, Taher RF. Symbiotic Antidiabetic Effect of Lactobacillus casei and the Bioactive Extract of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. on Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Induced by Alloxan. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301397. [PMID: 38078801 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The consumption of probiotics protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative damage, delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preventing microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of CDE fermented by Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 39539) (LC) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The oxidative stress identified by catalase (CAT), serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid were measured. The chemical profiles of the plant extract and the fermented extract were studied using HPLC/MS. The potential of the compounds towards the binding pockets of aldose reductase and PPAR was discovered by molecular docking. A significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in alloxan-treated rats. The CAT showed a significant decrease in diabetic rats. Also, serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid were significantly decreased in the mixture group. Mild histological changes of pancreatic and kidney tissues suggested that the mixture of probiotics and cleome possesses a marked anti-diabetic effect. Overall, the study suggests that the combination of Cleome droserifolia fermented by Lactobacillus casei exhibits significant antidiabetic activity (p-value=0.05), reduces oxidative stress, improves lipid profiles, and shows potential for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Abd El Maksoud
- Industrial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Dalia ElEbeedy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aml Ghanem
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Rasheed
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Ibrahim
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mona A Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab F Taher
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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34
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Van Syoc EP, Damani J, DiMattia Z, Ganda E, Rogers CJ. The Effects of Bifidobacterium Probiotic Supplementation on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Models and Clinical Evidence. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100137. [PMID: 37923223 PMCID: PMC10831893 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation is a potential therapeutic for metabolic diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but most studies deliver multiple species of bacteria in addition to prebiotics or oral pharmaceuticals. This may contribute to conflicting evidence in existing meta-analyses of probiotics in these populations and warrants a systematic review of the literature to assess the contribution of a single probiotic genus to better understand the contribution of individual probiotics to modulate blood glucose. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies and human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of Bifidobacterium (BF) probiotic supplementation on markers of glycemia. In a meta-analysis of 6 RCTs, BF supplementation had no effect on fasting blood glucose {FBG; mean difference [MD] = -1.99 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI): -4.84, 0.86], P = 0.13}, and there were no subgroup differences between subjects with elevated FBG concentrations and normoglycemia. However, BF supplementation reduced FBG concentrations in a meta-analysis comprised of studies utilizing animal models of obesity, MetS, or T2D [n = 16; MD = -36.11 mg/dL (CI: -49.04, -23.18), P < 0.0001]. Translational gaps from animal to human trials include paucity of research in female animals, BF supplementation in subjects that were normoglycemic, and lack of methodologic reporting regarding probiotic viability and stability. More research is necessary to assess the effects of BF supplementation in human subjects with elevated FBG concentrations. Overall, there was consistent evidence of the efficacy of BF probiotics to reduce elevated FBG concentrations in animal models but not clinical trials, suggesting that BF alone may have minimal effects on glycemic control, may be more effective when combined with multiple probiotic species, or may be more effective in conditions of hyperglycemia rather than elevated FBG concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Van Syoc
- Dual-Title Ph.D Program in Integrative & Biomedical Physiology and Clinical & Translational Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; The One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Janhavi Damani
- The Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Integrative and Biomedical Physiology, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Zachary DiMattia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Erika Ganda
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; The One Health Microbiome Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
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Chanda D, De D. Meta-analysis reveals obesity associated gut microbial alteration patterns and reproducible contributors of functional shift. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2304900. [PMID: 38265338 PMCID: PMC10810176 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2304900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of cohort-specific studies associating gut microbiota with obesity are often contradictory; thus, the replicability of the signature remains questionable. Moreover, the species that drive obesity-associated functional shifts and their replicability remain unexplored. Thus, we aimed to address these questions by analyzing gut microbial metagenome sequencing data to develop an in-depth understanding of obese host-gut microbiota interactions using 3329 samples (Obese, n = 1494; Control, n = 1835) from 17 different countries, including both 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequence data. Fecal metagenomic data from diverse geographical locations were curated, profiled, and pooled using a machine learning-based approach to identify robust global signatures of obesity. Furthermore, gut microbial species and pathways were systematically integrated through the genomic content of the species to identify contributors to obesity-associated functional shifts. The community structure of the obese gut microbiome was evaluated, and a reproducible depletion of diversity was observed in the obese compared to the lean gut. From this, we infer that the loss of diversity in the obese gut is responsible for perturbations in the healthy microbial functional repertoire. We identified 25 highly predictive species and 37 pathway associations as signatures of obesity, which were validated with remarkably high accuracy (AUC, Species: 0.85, and pathway: 0.80) with an independent validation dataset. We observed a reduction in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers (several Alistipes species, Odoribacter splanchnicus, etc.) and depletion of promoters of gut barrier integrity (Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium longum) in obese guts. Our analysis underlines SCFAs and purine/pyrimidine biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism pathways in control individuals, and amino acid, enzyme cofactor, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway enrichment in obese individuals. We also mapped the contributors to important obesity-associated functional shifts and observed that these are both dataset-specific and shared across the datasets. In summary, a comprehensive analysis of diverse datasets unveils species specifically contributing to functional shifts and consistent gut microbial patterns associated to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Chanda
- Laboratory of Cellular Differentiation & Metabolic Disorder, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
| | - Debojyoti De
- Laboratory of Cellular Differentiation & Metabolic Disorder, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
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Song H, Xue H, Zhang Z, Wang J, Li A, Zhang J, Luo P, Zhan M, Zhou X, Chen L, Fang Y. Amelioration of Type 2 Diabetes Using Four Strains of Lactobacillus Probiotics: Effects on Gut Microbiota Reconstitution-Mediated Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20801-20814. [PMID: 37991826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the preventive effects and underlying mechanisms of Lactobacillus fermentum CKCC1858 (CKCC1), L. fermentum CKCC1369 (CKCC2), Lactobacillus plantarum CKCC1312 (CKCC3), and Lactobacillus gasseri CKCC1913 (CKCC4) on high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-stimulated type 2 diabetes (T2D) in mice. Generally, the results indicated that most of the four probiotics reduced weight loss and liver and pancreas damage, significantly (p < 0.05) improved glucose metabolism by regulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), fasting glucose and insulin levels, and increasing expression of glucose transporters. Probiotics improved hyperlipemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress by reducing the secretion of blood lipids and proinflammatory cytokines, increasing antioxidant enzymes. Metagenomic results revealed that probiotics restored gut microbiota via enhancing (reducing) the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (harmful bacteria) and altered specific metabolic pathways in T2D mice. CKCC1, CKCC3, and CKCC4 showed excellent effects compared to CKCC2. These results indicated that probiotics potentially prevented T2D, which is strain-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hui Xue
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ao Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Pengfei Luo
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Meng Zhan
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Lihao Chen
- ClassyKiss Dairy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yajing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Rehan M, Al-Bahadly I, Thomas DG, Young W, Cheng LK, Avci E. Smart capsules for sensing and sampling the gut: status, challenges and prospects. Gut 2023; 73:186-202. [PMID: 37734912 PMCID: PMC10715516 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Smart capsules are developing at a tremendous pace with a promise to become effective clinical tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of gut health. This field emerged in the early 2000s with a successful translation of an endoscopic capsule from laboratory prototype to a commercially viable clinical device. Recently, this field has accelerated and expanded into various domains beyond imaging, including the measurement of gut physiological parameters such as temperature, pH, pressure and gas sensing, and the development of sampling devices for better insight into gut health. In this review, the status of smart capsules for sensing gut parameters is presented to provide a broad picture of these state-of-the-art devices while focusing on the technical and clinical challenges the devices need to overcome to realise their value in clinical settings. Smart capsules are developed to perform sensing operations throughout the length of the gut to better understand the body's response under various conditions. Furthermore, the prospects of such sensing devices are discussed that might help readers, especially health practitioners, to adapt to this inevitable transformation in healthcare. As a compliment to gut sensing smart capsules, significant amount of effort has been put into the development of robotic capsules to collect tissue biopsy and gut microbiota samples to perform in-depth analysis after capsule retrieval which will be a game changer for gut health diagnosis, and this advancement is also covered in this review. The expansion of smart capsules to robotic capsules for gut microbiota collection has opened new avenues for research with a great promise to revolutionise human health diagnosis, monitoring and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rehan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Al-Bahadly
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - David G Thomas
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wayne Young
- AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Leo K Cheng
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ebubekir Avci
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
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Yang Y, Han Z, Gao Z, Chen J, Song C, Xu J, Wang H, Huang A, Shi J, Gu J. Metagenomic and targeted metabolomic analyses reveal distinct phenotypes of the gut microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2847-2856. [PMID: 36959686 PMCID: PMC10686596 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and the patients with CRC and T2DM have worse survival. The human gut microbiota (GM) is linked to the development of CRC and T2DM, respectively. However, the GM characteristics in patients with CRC and T2DM remain unclear. METHODS We performed fecal metagenomic and targeted metabolomics studies on 36 samples from CRC patients with T2DM (DCRC group, n = 12), CRC patients without diabetes (CRC group, n = 12), and healthy controls (Health group, n = 12). We analyzed the fecal microbiomes, characterized the composition and function based on the metagenomics of DCRC patients, and detected the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) levels in all fecal samples. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis of the differential bacteria and metabolites between different groups. RESULTS Compared with the CRC group, LefSe analysis showed that there is a specific GM community in DCRC group, including an increased abundance of Eggerthella , Hungatella , Peptostreptococcus , and Parvimonas , and decreased Butyricicoccus , Lactobacillus , and Paraprevotella . The metabolomics analysis results revealed that the butyric acid level was lower but the deoxycholic acid and 12-keto-lithocholic acid levels were higher in the DCRC group than other groups ( P < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the dominant bacterial abundance in the DCRC group ( Parvimonas , Desulfurispora , Sebaldella , and Veillonellales , among others) was negatively correlated with butyric acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid and glycocholate. However, the abundance of mostly inferior bacteria was positively correlated with these metabolic acid levels, including Faecalibacterium , Thermococci , and Cellulophaga . CONCLUSIONS Unique fecal microbiome signatures exist in CRC patients with T2DM compared to those with non-diabetic CRC. Alterations in GM composition and SCFAs and secondary BAs levels may promote CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Zihan Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zhaoya Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Can Song
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University International Cancer Center, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jingxuan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Hanyang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - An Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education, Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University International Cancer Center, Beijing 100142, China
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39
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Zhang W, Dong XY, Huang R. Gut Microbiota in Ischemic Stroke: Role of Gut Bacteria-Derived Metabolites. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:811-828. [PMID: 36279071 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability globally. Several mechanisms including glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium overload, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of IS, but the underlying pathophysiology mechanisms of IS are not fully clarified. During the past decade, gut microbiota were recognized as a key regulator to affect the health of the host either directly or via their metabolites. Recent studies indicate that gut bacterial dysbiosis is closely related to hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, which are the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that IS can lead to perturbation in gut microbiota and increased permeability of the gut mucosa, known as "leaky gut," resulting in endotoxemia and bacterial translocation. In turn, gut dysbiosis and impaired intestinal permeability can alter gut bacterial metabolite signaling profile from the gut to the brain. Microbiota-derived products and metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) can exert beneficial or detrimental effects on various extraintestinal organs, including the brain, liver, and heart. These metabolites have been increasingly acknowledged as biomarkers and mediators of IS. However, the specific role of the gut bacterial metabolites in the context of stroke remains incompletely understood. In-depth studies on these products and metabolites may provide new insight for the development of novel therapeutics for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Yu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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40
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Ribeiro PVDM, Veloso TG, de Oliveira LL, Mendes NP, Alfenas RDCG. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet increased the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria in obese adults. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3085-3099. [PMID: 37807018 PMCID: PMC10689717 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics can alter the gastrointestinal environment, favoring the growth of health-promoting bacteria. Although yacon is a functional food, with prebiotic properties (fructooligosaccharides), its effects on the intestinal microbiota have not been investigated yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yacon flour consumption and energy-restricted diet in the intestinal microbiota in adults with excess body weight. Twenty-one adults with excess body weight were included in this randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical trial. Subjects daily consumed at breakfast a drink containing 25 g of yacon flour (n = 11) or not containing yacon (n = 10) and received the prescription of energy-restricted diets. Fecal samples were collected on the first and on last day of the study. 16S rRNA sequencing was assessed to evaluate the effect of yacon fermentation on intestinal microbiota bacterial composition. There was an increase in the genera Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Subdoligranulum, and Streptococcus after the consumption of yacon and energy-restricted diet. In the yacon group, we also observed a positive correlation between the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids versus the genera Coprococcus and Howardella, besides a negative correlation between the concentrations of advanced glycation end products and early glycation products versus the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotella, respectively. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet selectively changed the intestinal microbiota composition in adults with excess body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Register number: RBR-6YH6BQ. Registered 23 January, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vaz de Melo Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Gomes Veloso
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Nélia Pinheiro Mendes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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Velayati A, Kareem I, Sedaghat M, Sohrab G, Nikpayam O, Hedayati M, Abhari K, Hejazi E. Does symbiotic supplementation which contains Bacillus Coagulans Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and fructooligosaccharide has favourite effects in patients with type-2 diabetes? A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1211-1218. [PMID: 34077686 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1928225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of Bacillus Coagulans symbiotic supplementation on metabolic factors and inflammation in patients with type-2 diabetes. In this clinical trial, 50 patients with type-2 diabetes were randomly assigned to the symbiotic (containing Bacillus Coagulans + Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Lactobacillus acidophilus and fructooligosaccharide) or placebo groups to receive one sachet daily for 12 weeks. Glycaemic Index, lipid profile, and hs-CRP were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Analysis of covariance demonstrated that fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), β-cell function (HOMA-β) (p <.05) and hs-CRP (p <.05) significantly declined in the treatment group compared with the placebo group. So, the current study indicated that Bacillus Coagulans symbiotic supplementation could improve metabolic factors and inflammation in patients with type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynaz Velayati
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Kareem
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meghdad Sedaghat
- Depatment of Internal Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golbon Sohrab
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Nikpayam
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Abhari
- Food Sciences and Technology Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hejazi
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Grosicki GJ, Langan SP, Bagley JR, Galpin AJ, Garner D, Hampton‐Marcell JT, Allen JM, Robinson AT. Gut check: Unveiling the influence of acute exercise on the gut microbiota. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1466-1480. [PMID: 37702557 PMCID: PMC10988526 DOI: 10.1113/ep091446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal microbiota and its unique metabolites regulate a diverse array of physiological processes with substantial implications for human health and performance. Chronic exercise training positively modulates the gut microbiota and its metabolic output. The benefits of chronic exercise for the gut microbiota may be influenced by acute changes in microbial community structure and function that follow a single exercise bout (i.e., acute exercise). Thus, an improved understanding of changes in the gut microbiota that occur with acute exercise could aid in the development of evidence-based exercise training strategies to target the gut microbiota more effectively. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the existing literature on the acute and very short-term (<3 weeks) exercise responses of the gut microbiota and faecal metabolites in humans. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the literature and providing recommendations for future research in this area. NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? The chronic benefits of exercise for the gut microbiota are likely influenced by acute changes in microbial community structure and function that follow a single exercise bout. This review provides a summary of the existing literature on acute exercise responses of the gut microbiota and its metabolic output in humans. What advances does it highlight? Acute aerobic exercise appears to have limited effects on diversity of the gut microbiota, variable effects on specific microbial taxa, and numerous effects on the metabolic activity of gut microbes with possible implications for host health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean P. Langan
- Korey Stringer Institute, Department of KinesiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA
| | - James R. Bagley
- Muscle Physiology LaboratorySan Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Andrew J. Galpin
- Center for Sport PerformanceCalifornia State University, FullertonFullertonCAUSA
| | - Dan Garner
- BioMolecular Athlete, LLCWilmingtonDEUSA
| | | | - Jacob M. Allen
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIL
| | - Austin T. Robinson
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory, School of KinesiologyAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA
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Hou Y, Li J, Ying S. Tryptophan Metabolism and Gut Microbiota: A Novel Regulatory Axis Integrating the Microbiome, Immunity, and Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:1166. [PMID: 37999261 PMCID: PMC10673612 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism and gut microbiota form an integrated regulatory axis that impacts immunity, metabolism, and cancer. This review consolidated current knowledge on the bidirectional interactions between microbial tryptophan processing and the host. We focused on how the gut microbiome controls tryptophan breakdown via the indole, kynurenine, and serotonin pathways. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota induces disruptions in tryptophan catabolism which contribute to disorders like inflammatory conditions, neuropsychiatric diseases, metabolic syndromes, and cancer. These disruptions affect immune homeostasis, neurotransmission, and gut-brain communication. Elucidating the mechanisms of microbial tryptophan modulation could enable novel therapeutic approaches like psychobiotics and microbiome-targeted dietary interventions. Overall, further research on the microbiota-tryptophan axis has the potential to revolutionize personalized diagnostics and treatments for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Hou
- Target Discovery Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Shuhuan Ying
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Shanghai Bocimed Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
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Huang W, Wang J, Kuang M, Xiao Z, Fan B, Sun G, Tan Z. Exploring global research status and trends in anti-obesity effects of traditional Chinese medicine through intestinal microbiota: a bibliometric study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1271473. [PMID: 38045760 PMCID: PMC10690589 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1271473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intestinal microbiota (IM) has been found to contribute to metabolic disorders that lead to excessive fat accumulation, systemic and chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in the host. Current research highlights a pivotal interaction between IM and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitigating obesity-related diseases. Undeniably, IM stands as a central focus in TCM research aimed at preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, tracing the progress and trends in this field can offer valuable references and insights for future studies. Methods On June 17, 2023, we conducted a literature search on the topic of "IM and obesity in TCM" spanning the period from 2009 to 2023. We extracted the primary information of the publications, which includes complete records and reference citations, from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) within the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To visualize and analyze the literature, we utilized CiteSpace and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Results During the past fifteen years, a rapid increase in the number of publications has been observed. The cooperative networks demonstrate China, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Food & Function as the most active countries, organizations, and journals in this field, respectively. Liu Bin has contributed the most publications. A paper by Xu Jia, published in 2014, holds the highest Local Citation Score (LCS). Analyses of keyword co-occurrence and reference co-citation indicate that the research hotspots of IM and obesity in TCM are primarily focused on the metabolic benefits driven by endogenous functional metabolic molecules generated by TCM regulation of IM. Other focal points include the mechanism by which TCM regulates IM to restore the intestinal mucosal barrier This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article, and manages the gut-organ axis, the metabolic advantages of acupuncture's regulation of IM, and the process by which Chinese medicine small molecules transform IM. Conclusion This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the current status, hotspots, and trends in global TCM research. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive summary and exploration of the latest advancements in this field, thereby emphasizing the essence of TCM more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guixiang Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Abuqwider J, Corrado A, Scidà G, Lupoli R, Costabile G, Mauriello G, Bozzetto L. Gut microbiome and blood glucose control in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1265696. [PMID: 38034007 PMCID: PMC10684760 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The risk of developing micro- and macrovascular complications is higher for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Numerous studies have indicated variations in gut microbial composition between healthy individuals and those with T1D. These changes in the gut ecosystem may lead to inflammation, modifications in intestinal permeability, and alterations in metabolites. Such effects can collectively impact the metabolic regulation system, thereby influencing blood glucose control. This review aims to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and blood glucose parameters in patients with T1D. Methods Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science were systematically searched from 2003 to 2023 using the following keywords: "gut microbiota," "gut microbiome," "bacteria," "T1D," "type 1 diabetes," "autoimmune diabetes," "glycemic control," "glucose control," "HbA1c," "inflammation," "inflammatory," and "cytokine." The examination has shown 18,680 articles with relevant keywords. After the exclusion of irrelevant articles, seven observational papers showed a distinct gut microbial signature in T1D patients. Results This review shows that, in T1D patients, HbA1c level was negatively correlated with abundance of Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcaceae and positively correlated with abundance of Dorea formicigenerans, Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillales, and Bacteriodes. Instead, Bifidobacteria was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose. In addition, there was a positive correlation between Clostridiaceae and time in range. Furthermore, a positive correlation between inflammatory parameters and gut dysbiosis was revealed in T1D patients. Conclusion We draw the conclusion that the gut microbiome profiles of T1D patients and healthy controls differ. Patients with T1D may experience leaky gut, bacterial translocation, inflammation, and poor glucose management due to microbiome dysbiosis. Direct manipulation of the gut microbiome in humans and its effects on gut permeability and glycemic control, however, have not been thoroughly investigated. Future research should therefore thoroughly examine other potential pathophysiological mechanisms in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumana Abuqwider
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Corrado
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scidà
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lupoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mauriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lutgarda Bozzetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Li F, Zeng K, Ming J. Lowering glycemic levels via gastrointestinal tract factors: the roles of dietary fiber, polyphenols, and their combination. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-37. [PMID: 37966135 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2278169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) and polyphenols (DP) are typical blood sugar-lowering components, and both play distinct yet interconnected roles in exerting their blood sugar-lowering effects. We comprehensively summarized the single and combined effects of DF and DP on blood glucose homeostasis through regulating the relevant factors in the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGT) and lower gastrointestinal tract (LGT). In the UGT, DF slowed down glucose metabolism by enhancing digesta viscosity and hindering enzyme-substrate interaction. DP primarily targeted enzymes and substrates. When combined, DP enhanced the adsorption capacity of DF for glucose. DF weakened DP's inhibitory effect on enzymes. Both DF and DP disrupted glucose intestinal uptake via physical or genomic modulation, but the co-consumption of DF and DP demonstrated a lower inhibitory effect on glucose uptake than DP alone. In the LGT, DF and DP showed synergistic or antagonistic effects on gut microbiota. Remarkably, whole foods exhibited potent prebiotic effects due to their compound-rich matrix, potentially enhancing glucose homeostasis and expanding dietary options for glucose regulation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Research Group Food Chem and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Zhao YK, Zhu XD, Liu R, Yang X, Liang YL, Wang Y. The Role of PPARγ Gene Polymorphisms, Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes: Current Progress and Future Prospects. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3557-3566. [PMID: 37954888 PMCID: PMC10638901 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s429825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in studies investigating the relationship between the polymorphisms of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) gene and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). PPARγ, a critical transcription factor, plays a central role in lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and inflammatory response. Concurrently, the influence of gut microbiota on the development of T2D has gained increasing attention, especially their role in affecting host metabolism, such as lipid metabolism and the PPARγ signaling pathway. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent studies on PPARγ gene polymorphisms and their association with T2D, with a specific emphasis on the implications of gut microbiota and their interaction with PPARγ pathways. We also discuss the potential of manipulating gut microbiota and targeting PPARγ gene polymorphisms in T2D management. By deepening our understanding of these relationships, we aim to pave the way for novel preventative and therapeutic strategies for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kun Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Dong Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan city, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Lin Liang
- Department of Basic Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan city, People’s Republic of China
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Hu M, Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhou H, You Y, Xue Z. Complex interplay of gut microbiota between obesity and asthma in children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264356. [PMID: 38029078 PMCID: PMC10655108 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important risk factor and common comorbidity of childhood asthma. Simultaneously, obesity-related asthma, a distinct asthma phenotype, has attracted significant attention owing to its association with more severe clinical manifestations, poorer disease control, and reduced quality of life. The establishment of the gut microbiota during early life is essential for maintaining metabolic balance and fostering the development of the immune system in children. Microbial dysbiosis influences host lipid metabolism, triggers chronic low-grade inflammation, and affects immune responses. It is intimately linked to the susceptibility to childhood obesity and asthma and plays a potentially crucial transitional role in the progression of obesity-related asthma. This review article summarizes the latest research on the interplay between asthma and obesity, with a particular focus on the mediating role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity-related asthma. This study aims to provide valuable insight to enhance our understanding of this condition and offer preliminary evidence to support the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yannan You
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ahmad J, Khan I, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. The gut microbiome in the fight against obesity: The potential of dietary factors. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23258. [PMID: 37843880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300864rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity as a global public health burden has experienced a drastic growing trend recently. The management of obesity is challenging because of its complex etiology, and various factors are involved in its development, such as genetic and environmental factors. Different approaches are available to treat and/or manage obesity, including diet, physical activity, lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery. However, some of these approaches have inherent limitations and are closely associated with adverse effects. Therefore, probing into a novel/safe approach to treat and/or manage obesity is of fundamental importance. One such approach gaining renewed interest is the potential role of gut microbiota in obesity and its effectiveness in treating this condition. However, there is a dearth of comprehensive compilation of data on the potential role of the gut microbiome in obesity, particularly regarding dietary factors as a therapeutic approach. Therefore, this review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of gut microbiota in obesity, further highlighting the importance of dietary factors, particularly diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, as potential complementary and/or alternative therapeutic options. Moreover, the association of gut microbiota with obese or lean individuals has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmad
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Singh P, Reza MI, Syed AA, Husain A, Gayen JR. Pancreastatin deteriorates hepatic lipid metabolism via elevating fetuin B in ovariectomized rats. Biochimie 2023; 214:114-122. [PMID: 37364770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is an important mstetabolic complication in women encountering postmenopausal phase of life. Pancreastatin (PST), has previously been investigated in diabetic and insulin resistant rodents. The present study highlighted the role of PST in ovariectomized rats. Female SD rats were ovariectomized and subsequently fed high fructose diet for 12 weeks. PST inhibitor peptide was intraperitoneally administered for 14 days and further examined for insulin resistance, glucose intolerance development, body mass composition, lipid profile detection and hepatic fibrosis. Gut microbial alterations has also been investigated. Results showed development of glucose intolerance in high fructose fed ovariectomized rats with reduced level of reproductive hormones including estradiol and progesterone. Enhanced lipid production was detected in these rats as they showed increased triglycerides, lipid accumulation in liver tissue (determined by HE staining, Oil Red O staining, Nile Red staining). Sirius Red and Masson's trichome analysis depicted positive results for fibrosis development. We also found gut microbiota alterations in fecal samples of these rats. Furthermore, PST inhibition decreased the expression of hepatic Fetuin B and resumed gut microbial diversity. PST deregulates hepatic lipid metabolism which leads to altered expression of Fetuin B in liver and gut dysbiosis in postmenopausal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Singh
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Irshad Reza
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anees A Syed
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Athar Husain
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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