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Chen Y, Yang H, Song J, Chen W, Liu K, Liu B, Luo P, Sun X, He Z, Mao Y, Ye D. Associations of modifiable factors with risk of irritable bowel syndrome. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362615. [PMID: 39010855 PMCID: PMC11246901 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Modifiable factors were found to be associated with the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in observational studies, but whether these associations are causal is uncertain. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to systematically explore the causal associations of modifiable factors with IBS. Methods Summary-level statistical data for IBS was obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of UK Biobank (40,548 cases and 293,220 controls) and the international collaborative Bellygenes initiative (12,852 cases and 139,981 controls). Genetic instruments associated with the exposures at the genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10-8) level were selected from previous GWASs. Mendelian randomization was performed using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented with several sensitivity analyses to evaluate potentially causal relationships between identified contributing factors and IBS. Furthermore, we applied another database from FinnGen (8,116 IBS cases and 276,683 controls) to testify the reliability of the significant associations. Results Seven convincing modifiable factors were significantly associated with IBS after correction for multiple testing. Genetically predicted smoking initiation (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.06-1.18, p = 1.03 × 10-4), alcohol consumption (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.34-0.64, p = 3.49 × 10-6), sedentary behavior (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.07-1.28, p = 4.02 × 10-4), chronotype (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88-0.96, p = 4.42 × 10-4), insomnia (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.15-1.24, p = 7.59 × 10-19), education (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.74-0.88, p = 5.34 × 10-7), and visceral adiposity (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.06-1.24, p = 7.96 × 10-4). We additionally identified several suggestive factors, including serum magnesium, serum phosphorus, physical activity, lifetime smoking, intelligence, lean body mass, and body mass index (BMI). After pooling the effect estimates from FinnGen, the associations remained significant except for chronotype. Conclusion This MR analysis verified several modifiable risk factors for IBS, thus prevention strategies for IBS should be considered from multiple perspectives on these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyang Luo
- Department of the Fourth Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixing He
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Nel NH, Haddad EN, Kerver JM, Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Comstock SS. Maternal Body Mass Index Associates with Prenatal Characteristics and Fecal Microbial Communities. Nutrients 2024; 16:1881. [PMID: 38931236 PMCID: PMC11206496 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The maternal microbiome plays a vital role in shaping pregnancy outcomes, but there remains a substantial gap in understanding its precise relationships to maternal health, particularly in relation to potential effects of body mass index (BMI) on gut microbial diversity. The aim of this observational study was to assess maternal characteristics in association with pre-pregnancy BMI and to further assess microbial diversity in association with specific maternal characteristics. Eighty-four pregnant women were recruited during their third trimester of pregnancy from various prenatal clinics across the state of Michigan. The participants completed an enrollment questionnaire including self-reported pre-pregnancy BMI; stool samples were collected to assess the fecal microbial community composition. Pre-pregnancy obesity (BMI 30+) was associated (univariably) with antibiotic use before pregnancy, ever smoked, lower education level, and being unmarried. The gut microbiota alpha diversity was significantly different for pregnant women by pre-pregnancy BMI category (normal, overweight, obese). The beta diversity was unique for the gut microbiotas of pregnant women within each BMI category, by education level, and by marital status. Multivariable models revealed that pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal education, marital status, and maternal age were associated with the microbial diversity of the gut microbiota during pregnancy. These results give new insight into the relationship between a woman's microbiome during pregnancy and their prenatal health, along with an understanding of the relationships between socioeconomic factors and microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita H. Nel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eliot N. Haddad
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jean M. Kerver
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Alagiakrishnan K, Morgadinho J, Halverson T. Approach to the diagnosis and management of dysbiosis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1330903. [PMID: 38706561 PMCID: PMC11069313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1330903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
All microorganisms like bacteria, viruses and fungi that reside within a host environment are considered a microbiome. The number of bacteria almost equal that of human cells, however, the genome of these bacteria may be almost 100 times larger than the human genome. Every aspect of the physiology and health can be influenced by the microbiome living in various parts of our body. Any imbalance in the microbiome composition or function is seen as dysbiosis. Different types of dysbiosis are seen and the corresponding symptoms depend on the site of microbial imbalance. The contribution of the intestinal and extra-intestinal microbiota to influence systemic activities is through interplay between different axes. Whole body dysbiosis is a complex process involving gut microbiome and non-gut related microbiome. It is still at the stage of infancy and has not yet been fully understood. Dysbiosis can be influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle habits, diet including ultra-processed foods and food additives, as well as medications. Dysbiosis has been associated with many systemic diseases and cannot be diagnosed through standard blood tests or investigations. Microbiota derived metabolites can be analyzed and can be useful in the management of dysbiosis. Whole body dysbiosis can be addressed by altering lifestyle factors, proper diet and microbial modulation. The effect of these interventions in humans depends on the beneficial microbiome alteration mostly based on animal studies with evolving evidence from human studies. There is tremendous potential for the human microbiome in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, as well as, for the monitoring of health and disease in humans. Whole body system-based approach to the diagnosis of dysbiosis is better than a pure taxonomic approach. Whole body dysbiosis could be a new therapeutic target in the management of various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joao Morgadinho
- Kaye Edmonton Clinic, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Halverson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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4
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Blomster TM, Koivurova OP, Koskela R, Herzig KH, Talley NJ, Ronkainen J. Pregnancy period and early-life risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: a Northern Finland birth cohort 1966 study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1038. [PMID: 38622673 PMCID: PMC11017657 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the pregnancy period, perinatal period, and infancy period risk factors for IBD in a well-characterized birth cohort from Northern Finland. METHODS The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) population comprises mothers living in the two northernmost provinces of Finland, Oulu, and Lapland, with dates of delivery between Jan 1st and Dec 31st, 1966 (12 055 mothers, 12 058 live-born children, 96.3% of all births during 1966). IBD patients were identified using hospital registries (from 1966 to 2020) and Social Insurance Institution (SII) registry reimbursement data for IBD drugs (from 1978 to 2016). The data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. RESULTS In total, 6972 individuals provided informed consent for the use of combined SII and hospital registry data. Of those, 154 (2.1%) had IBD (113 [1.6%] had ulcerative colitis (UC), and 41 (0.6%) had Crohn's disease (CD)). According to multivariate analysis, maternal smoking > 10 cigarettes/day during pregnancy was associated with a nearly 6-fold increased risk of CD in the offspring (OR 5.78, 95% CI 1.70-17.3). Breastfeeding (OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.08-0.44) and iron supplementation during the first year of life (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.89) were negatively associated with CD. CONCLUSIONS Smoking during pregnancy was associated with the risk of CD while Breastfeeding and oral iron supplementation at infancy were negatively associated with the risk of CD later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo M Blomster
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Ritva Koskela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Biocenter of Oulu, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jukka Ronkainen
- Primary Health Care Center, Lapland Welfare District, Tornio, Finland.
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Faculty of Medicine, FIN-90014, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland.
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5
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Liu W, Liu L, Deng Z, Liu R, Ma T, Xin Y, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Tang Y. Associations between impulsivity and fecal microbiota in individuals abstaining from methamphetamine. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14580. [PMID: 38421126 PMCID: PMC10851322 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is a major public problem, and impulsivity is both a prominent risk factor and a consequence of addiction. Hence, clarifying the biological mechanism of impulsivity may facilitate the understanding of addiction to MA. The microbiota-gut-brain axis was suggested to underlie a biological mechanism of impulsivity induced by MA. METHODS We therefore recruited 62 MA addicts and 50 healthy controls (HCs) to investigate the alterations in impulsivity and fecal microbiota and the associations between them in the MA group. Thereafter, 25 MA abusers who abstained from MA for less than 3 months were followed up for 2 months to investigate the relationship between impulsivity and microbiota as abstinence became longer. 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted for microbiota identification. RESULTS Elevated impulsivity and dysbiosis characterized by an increase in opportunistic pathogens and a decrease in probiotics were identified in MA abusers, and both the increased impulsivity and disrupted microbiota tended to recover after longer abstinence from MA. Impulsivity was related to microbiota, and the effect of MA abuse on impulsivity was mediated by microbiota. CONCLUSION Our findings potentially highlighted the importance of abstention and implicated the significant role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the interrelationship between microbiota and behaviors, as well as the potential of microbiota as a target for intervention of impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Linzi Liu
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Zijing Deng
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Ruina Liu
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShanxiPR China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Yide Xin
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Yifang Zhou
- Department of PsychiatryThe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of PsychiatryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningPR China
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6
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Ohue-Kitano R, Banno Y, Masujima Y, Kimura I. Gut microbial metabolites reveal diet-dependent metabolic changes induced by nicotine administration. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1056. [PMID: 38212379 PMCID: PMC10784489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has emerged as an important factor that potentially influences various physiological functions and pathophysiological processes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Accumulating evidence from human and animal studies suggests that gut microbial metabolites play a critical role as integral molecules in host-microbe interactions. Notably, several dietary environment-dependent fatty acid metabolites have been recognized as potent modulators of host metabolic homeostasis. More recently, nicotine, the primary active molecule in tobacco, has been shown to potentially affect host metabolism through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. However, the mechanisms underlying the interplay between host nutritional status, diet-derived microbial metabolites, and metabolic homeostasis during nicotine exposure remain unclear. Our findings revealed that nicotine administration had potential effects on weight regulation and metabolic phenotype, independent of reduced caloric intake. Moreover, nicotine-induced body weight suppression is associated with specific changes in gut microbial composition, including Lactobacillus spp., and KetoB, a nicotine-sensitive gut microbiota metabolite, which could be linked to changes in host body weight, suggesting its potential role in modulating host metabolism. Our findings highlight the remarkable impact of the interplay between nutritional control and the gut environment on host metabolism during smoking and smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Ohue-Kitano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yukika Banno
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Masujima
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Division of Systemic Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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7
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Pérez-Castro S, D’Auria G, Llambrich M, Fernández-Barrés S, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Llop S, Regueiro B, Bustamante M, Francino MP, Vrijheid M, Maitre L. Influence of perinatal and childhood exposure to tobacco and mercury in children's gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1258988. [PMID: 38249448 PMCID: PMC10799562 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early life determinants of the development of gut microbiome composition in infants have been widely investigated; however, if early life pollutant exposures, such as tobacco or mercury, have a persistent influence on the gut microbial community, its stabilization at later childhood remains largely unknown. Objective In this exposome-wide study, we aimed at identifying the contribution of exposure to tobacco and mercury from the prenatal period to childhood, to individual differences in the fecal microbiome composition of 7-year-old children, considering co-exposure to a width of established lifestyle and clinical determinants. Methods Gut microbiome was studied by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in 151 children at the genus level. Exposure to tobacco was quantified during pregnancy through questionnaire (active tobacco consumption, second-hand smoking -SHS) and biomonitoring (urinary cotinine) at 4 years (urinary cotinine, SHS) and 7 years (SHS). Exposure to mercury was quantified during pregnancy (cord blood) and at 4 years (hair). Forty nine other potential environmental determinants (12 at pregnancy/birth/infancy, 15 at 4 years and 22 at 7 years, such as diet, demographics, quality of living/social environment, and clinical records) were registered. We used multiple models to determine microbiome associations with pollutants including multi-determinant multivariate analysis of variance and linear correlations (wUnifrac, Bray-Curtis and Aitchison ß-diversity distances), single-pollutant permutational multivariate analysis of variance adjusting for co-variates (Aitchison), and multivariable association model with single taxa (MaAsLin2; genus). Sensitivity analysis was performed including genetic data in a subset of 107 children. Results Active smoking in pregnancy was systematically associated with microbiome composition and ß-diversity (R2 2-4%, p < 0.05, Aitchison), independently of other co-determinants. However, in the adjusted single pollutant models (PERMANOVA), we did not find any significant association. An increased relative abundance of Dorea and decreased relative abundance of Akkermansia were associated with smoking during pregnancy (q < 0.05). Discussion Our findings suggest a long-term sustainable effect of prenatal tobacco exposure on the children's gut microbiota. This effect was not found for mercury exposure or tobacco exposure during childhood. Assessing the role of these exposures on the children's microbiota, considering multiple environmental factors, should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Pérez-Castro
- Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Vigo, Spain
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Giuseppe D’Auria
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Llambrich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Benito Regueiro
- Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Àrea de Genòmica i Salut, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salut Pública, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Pilar Francino
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Àrea de Genòmica i Salut, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO)-Salut Pública, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Léa Maitre
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Franklin F, Rajamanikam A, Phang WK, Raju CS, Gill JS, Francis B, Sy-Cherng Woon L, Govind SK. Establishing associated risk factors, including fungal and parasitic infections among Malaysians living with schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:385. [PMID: 38172146 PMCID: PMC10764362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aetiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial, and the identification of its risk factors are scarce and highly variable. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with schizophrenia among Malaysian sub-population. A total of 120 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ) and 180 non-schizophrenic (NS) individuals participated in a questionnaire-based survey. Data of complete questionnaire responses obtained from 91 SZ and 120 NS participants were used in statistical analyses. Stool samples were obtained from the participants and screened for gut parasites and fungi using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The median age were 46 years (interquartile range (IQR) 37 to 60 years) and 35 years (IQR 24 to 47.75 years) for SZ and NS respectively. Multivariable binary logistic regression showed that the factors associated with increased risk of SZ were age, sex, unemployment, presence of other chronic ailment, smoking, and high dairy consumption per week. These factors, except sex, were positively associated with the severity of SZ. Breastfed at infancy as well as vitamin and supplement consumption showed a protective effect against SZ. After data clean-up, fungal or parasitic infections were found in 98% (39/42). of SZ participants and 6.1% (3/49) of NS participants. Our findings identified non-modifiable risk factors (age and sex) and modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors (unemployment, presence of other chronic ailment, smoking, and high dairy consumption per week) associated with SZ and implicate the need for medical attention in preventing fungal and parasitic infections in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Franklin
- Department of Parasitology, Universiti Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Universiti Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Wei Kit Phang
- Department of Parasitology, Universiti Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Jesjeet Singh Gill
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Benedict Francis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Luke Sy-Cherng Woon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia
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9
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Chen Y, Zhao M, Ji K, Li J, Wang S, Lu L, Chen Z, Zeng J. Association of nicotine dependence and gut microbiota: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244272. [PMID: 38022531 PMCID: PMC10664251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotine dependence is a key factor influencing the diversity of gut microbiota, and targeting gut microbiota may become a new approach for the prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence. However, the causal relationship between the two is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between nicotine dependence and gut microbiota. Methods A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using the largest existing gut microbiota and nicotine dependence genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Causal relationships between genetically predicted nicotine dependence and gut microbiota abundance were examined using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-PRESSO approaches. Cochrane's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were performed as sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis was also conducted to eliminate the interference of smoking-related phenotypes. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was then performed to determine the causal relationship between genetically predicted gut microbiota abundance and nicotine dependence. Results Genetically predicted nicotine dependence had a causal effect on Christensenellaceae (β: -0.52, 95% CI: -0.934-0.106, P = 0.014). The Eubacterium xylanophilum group (OR: 1.106, 95% CI: 1.004-1.218), Lachnoclostridium (OR: 1.118, 95% CI: 1.001-1.249) and Holdemania (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.001-1.167) were risk factors for nicotine dependence. Peptostreptococcaceae (OR: 0.905, 95% CI: 0.837-0.977), Desulfovibrio (OR: 0.014, 95% CI: 0.819-0.977), Dorea (OR: 0.841, 95% CI. 0.731-0.968), Faecalibacterium (OR: 0.831, 95% CI: 0.735-0.939) and Sutterella (OR: 0.838, 95% CI: 0.739-0.951) were protective factor for nicotine dependence. The sensitivity analysis showed consistent results. Conclusion The Mendelian randomization study confirmed the causal link between genetically predicted risk of nicotine dependence and genetically predicted abundance of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota may serve as a biomarker and offer insights for addressing nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexuan Chen
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhao
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaisong Ji
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Baoan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liming Lu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhu Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingchun Zeng
- Department of Acupuncture, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Xiao J, Zhang JY, Luo W, He PC, Skondra D. The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1627-1637. [PMID: 37156326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive, degenerative retinal disease that is a leading cause of blindness globally. Although multiple risk factors have been identified regarding disease incidence and progression, including smoking, genetics, and diet, the understanding of AMD pathogenesis remains unclear. As such, primary prevention is lacking, and current treatments have limited efficacy. More recently, the gut microbiome has emerged as an influential player in various ocular pathologies. As mediators of metabolism and immune regulation, perturbations in gut microbiota may impart significant effects distally on the neuroretina and its adjacent tissues, termed the gut-retina axis. In this review, key studies over the past several decades are summarized, both in humans and in animal models, which shed insight on the relationships between the gut microbiome and retinal biology and their implications for AMD. The literature linking gut dysbiosis with AMD is examined, along with preclinical animal models and techniques apt for studying the role of gut microbiota in AMD pathogenesis, which include interactions with systemic inflammation, immune regulation, chorioretinal gene expression, and diet. As understanding of the gut-retina axis continues to advance, so too will the possibility for more accessible and effective prevention and therapy of this vision-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Xiao
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason Y Zhang
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wendy Luo
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - P Cody He
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dimitra Skondra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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11
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Dharavath RN, Pina-Leblanc C, Tang VM, Sloan ME, Nikolova YS, Pangarov P, Ruocco AC, Shield K, Voineskos D, Blumberger DM, Boileau I, Bozinoff N, Gerretsen P, Vieira E, Melamed OC, Sibille E, Quilty LC, Prevot TD. GABAergic signaling in alcohol use disorder and withdrawal: pathological involvement and therapeutic potential. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1218737. [PMID: 37929054 PMCID: PMC10623140 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1218737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most widely used substances. Alcohol use accounts for 5.1% of the global disease burden, contributes substantially to societal and economic costs, and leads to approximately 3 million global deaths yearly. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) includes various drinking behavior patterns that lead to short-term or long-lasting effects on health. Ethanol, the main psychoactive molecule acting in alcoholic beverages, directly impacts the GABAergic system, contributing to GABAergic dysregulations that vary depending on the intensity and duration of alcohol consumption. A small number of interventions have been developed that target the GABAergic system, but there are promising future therapeutic avenues to explore. This review provides an overview of the impact of alcohol on the GABAergic system, the current interventions available for AUD that target the GABAergic system, and the novel interventions being explored that in the future could be included among first-line therapies for the treatment of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celeste Pina-Leblanc
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victor M. Tang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Addiction Division, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew E. Sloan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Addiction Division, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuliya S. Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Pangarov
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony C. Ruocco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin Shield
- Institute of Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daphne Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel M. Blumberger
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nikki Bozinoff
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erica Vieira
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Osnat C. Melamed
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lena C. Quilty
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas D. Prevot
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute of CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Zailani H, Satyanarayanan SK, Liao WC, Hsu YT, Huang SY, Gałecki P, Su KP, Chang JPC. Roles of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Managing Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4363. [PMID: 37892438 PMCID: PMC10609799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes significantly to the death of people worldwide, especially the elderly. An essential feature of COPD is pulmonary inflammation, which results from long-term exposure to noxious substances from cigarette smoking and other environmental pollutants. Pulmonary inflammatory mediators spill over to the blood, leading to systemic inflammation, which is believed to play a significant role in the onset of a host of comorbidities associated with COPD. A substantial comorbidity of concern in COPD patients that is often overlooked in COPD management is cognitive impairment. The exact pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in COPD patients remains a mystery; however, hypoxia, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and cerebral manifestations of these conditions are believed to play crucial roles. Furthermore, the use of medications to treat cognitive impairment symptomatology in COPD patients has been reported to be associated with life-threatening adverse effects, hence the need for alternative medications with reduced side effects. In this Review, we aim to discuss the impact of cognitive impairment in COPD management and the potential mechanisms associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment in COPD patients. The promising roles of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in improving cognitive deficits in COPD patients are also discussed. Interestingly, ω-3 PUFAs can potentially enhance the cognitive impairment symptomatology associated with COPD because they can modulate inflammatory processes, activate the antioxidant defence system, and promote amyloid-beta clearance from the brain. Thus, clinical studies are crucial to assess the efficacy of ω-3 PUFAs in managing cognitive impairment in COPD patients.
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Grants
- MOST 109-2320-B-038-057-MY3, 109-2320-B-039-066, 110-2321-B-006-004, 111-2321-B-006-008, 110-2811-B-039-507, 110-2320-B-039-048-MY2, and 110-2320-B-039-047-MY3, 110-2813-C-039-327-B, 110-2314-B-039-029-MY3, 111-2314-B-039-041-MY3 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
- ANHRF 109-31, 109-40, 110-13, 110-26, 110-44, 110-45, 111-27, and 111-28 An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
- CMRC-CMA-2 Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Taiwan
- CMU 110-AWARD-02, CMU108-SR-106, CMU110-N-17, CMU110-SR-73 China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- CRS-108-048, DMR-105-053, DMR-109-102, DMR-109-244, DMR-HHC-109-11, DMR-HHC-109-12, DMR-HHC-110-10, DMR-110-124, DMR-111-245 and DMR-HHC-111-8 China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Halliru Zailani
- Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (H.Z.); (S.K.S.)
- Graduate Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810106, Nigeria
| | - Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan
- Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (H.Z.); (S.K.S.)
| | - Wei-Chih Liao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsu
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Centre, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 91-229 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (H.Z.); (S.K.S.)
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan; (H.Z.); (S.K.S.)
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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13
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Merianos AL, Mahabee-Gittens EM. Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Gastrointestinal Problems Among US Children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:1229-1236. [PMID: 36789912 PMCID: PMC10425569 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the association between home tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) status and gastrointestinal problems in the past 12 months among US children. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health cross-sectional data including 20 149 children aged 4 to 10 years. Weighted logistic regression models unadjusted and adjusted for child and family covariates were fitted. Overall, 12.3% of children had home thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure only and 1.8% had home secondhand smoke (SHS) and THS exposure. Unadjusted (odds ratio [OR] = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32-2.20) and adjusted (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.14-1.99) logistic regression results indicated that relative to children with no home TSE, children with home THS exposure only were at increased odds of having frequent or chronic difficulty with gastrointestinal problems over the past 12 months. Interventions are critically needed to promote smoking cessation among household members who live with children in order to reduce levels of SHS and THS in their homes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. Melinda Mahabee-Gittens
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2008, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
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14
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Lakes JE, Fu X, Harvey BT, Neupane KR, Aryal SP, Ferrell JL, Flythe MD, Richards CI. Impact of nicotine and cotinine on macrophage inflammatory plasticity via vesicular modifications in gastrointestinal bacteria. Anaerobe 2023; 83:102787. [PMID: 37827238 PMCID: PMC10841519 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elucidate mechanistic explanation(s) for compositional changes to enteric microbiota by determining the impacts of continuous nicotine/cotinine exposure on representative gastrointestinal bacteria and how these alterations impact innate immune cell plasticity. METHODS In vitro cultures of the gastrointestinal bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis 25285, Prevotella bryantii B14, and Acetoanaerobium sticklandii SR) were continuously exposed to nicotine or cotinine. Supernatant samples were collected for fermentation acid analysis. Vesicles were collected and analyzed for physiological changes in number, size, and total protein cargo. Cultured macrophages were stimulated to a tolerogenic phenotype, exposed to control or altered (nicotine or cotinine - exposed) vesicles, and inflammatory plasticity assessed via inflammatory cytokine production. RESULTS Nicotine/cotinine exposure differentially affected metabolism of all bacteria tested in a Gram (nicotine) and concentration-dependent (cotinine) manner. Physiological studies demonstrated changes in vesiculation number and protein cargo following nicotine/cotinine exposures. Continuous exposure to 1 μM nicotine and 10 μM cotinine concentrations reduced total protein cargo of Gram (-) - 25285 and B14 vesicles, while cotinine generally increased total protein in Gram (+) - SR vesicles. We found that theses physiological changes to the vesicles of 25285 and SR formed under nicotine and cotinine, respectively, challenged the plasticity of tolerogenic macrophages. Tolerogenic macrophages exposed to vesicles from 1 μM nicotine, and 5 or 10 μΜ cotinine cultures produced significantly less IL-12p70, TNFα, or KC/GRO, regardless of macrophage exposure to nicotine/cotinine. CONCLUSIONS Nicotine/cotinine exposure differentially alters bacterial metabolism and vesicle physiology, ultimately impacting the inflammatory response of tolerogenic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jourdan E Lakes
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Xu Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Brock T Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Khaga R Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Surya P Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Jessica L Ferrell
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Michael D Flythe
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Christopher I Richards
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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15
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Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L, Khalil M, Garruti G, Portincasa P. Contribution of the microbiome for better phenotyping of people living with obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:839-870. [PMID: 37119391 PMCID: PMC10148591 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportion worldwide and in all ages. Available evidence points to a multifactorial pathogenesis involving gene predisposition and environmental factors. Gut microbiota plays a critical role as a major interface between external factors, i.e., diet, lifestyle, toxic chemicals, and internal mechanisms regulating energy and metabolic homeostasis, fat production and storage. A shift in microbiota composition is linked with overweight and obesity, with pathogenic mechanisms involving bacterial products and metabolites (mainly endocannabinoid-related mediators, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, catabolites of tryptophan, lipopolysaccharides) and subsequent alterations in gut barrier, altered metabolic homeostasis, insulin resistance and chronic, low-grade inflammation. Although animal studies point to the links between an "obesogenic" microbiota and the development of different obesity phenotypes, the translational value of these results in humans is still limited by the heterogeneity among studies, the high variation of gut microbiota over time and the lack of robust longitudinal studies adequately considering inter-individual confounders. Nevertheless, available evidence underscores the existence of several genera predisposing to obesity or, conversely, to lean and metabolically health phenotype (e.g., Akkermansia muciniphila, species from genera Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Roseburia). Further longitudinal studies using metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics with exact characterization of confounders are needed in this field. Results must confirm that distinct genera and specific microbial-derived metabolites represent effective and precision interventions against overweight and obesity in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy
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16
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Jin Y, Chi J, LoMonaco K, Boon A, Gu H. Recent Review on Selected Xenobiotics and Their Impacts on Gut Microbiome and Metabolome. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 166:117155. [PMID: 37484879 PMCID: PMC10361410 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
As it is well known, the gut is one of the primary sites in any host for xenobiotics, and the many microbial metabolites responsible for the interactions between the gut microbiome and the host. However, there is a growing concern about the negative impacts on human health induced by toxic xenobiotics. Metabolomics, broadly including lipidomics, is an emerging approach to studying thousands of metabolites in parallel. In this review, we summarized recent advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) technologies in metabolomics. In addition, we reviewed recent applications of MS-based metabolomics for the investigation of toxic effects of xenobiotics on microbial and host metabolism. It was demonstrated that metabolomics, gut microbiome profiling, and their combination have a high potential to identify metabolic and microbial markers of xenobiotic exposure and determine its mechanism. Further, there is increasing evidence supporting that reprogramming the gut microbiome could be a promising approach to the intervention of xenobiotic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Jinhua Chi
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Kaelene LoMonaco
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Alexandria Boon
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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17
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Narula N, Wong ECL, Pray C, Marshall JK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Bahonar A, Alhabib KF, Kontsevaya A, Ariffin F, Co HU, Al Sharief W, Szuba A, Wielgosz A, Diaz ML, Yusuf R, Kruger L, Soman B, Li Y, Wang C, Yin L, Mirrakhimov E, Lanas F, Davletov K, Rosengren A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Khatib R, Oguz A, Iqbal R, Yeates K, Avezum Á, Reinisch W, Moayyedi P, Yusuf S. Associations of Antibiotics, Hormonal Therapies, Oral Contraceptives, and Long-Term NSAIDS With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:2649-2659.e16. [PMID: 36528284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several medications have been suspected to contribute to the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study assessed the association between medication use and the risk of developing IBD using the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology cohort. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 133,137 individuals between the ages of 20 and 80 from 24 countries. Country-specific validated questionnaires documented baseline and follow-up medication use. Participants were followed up prospectively at least every 3 years. The main outcome was the development of IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Short-term (baseline but not follow-up use) and long-term use (baseline and subsequent follow-up use) were evaluated. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 11.0 years (interquartile range, 9.2-12.2 y), there were 571 incident IBD cases (143 CD and 428 UC). Incident IBD was associated significantly with baseline antibiotic (aOR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.67-4.73; P = .0001) and hormonal medication use (aOR, 4.43; 95% CI, 1.78-11.01; P = .001). Among females, previous or current oral contraceptive use also was associated with IBD development (aOR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.70-2.77; P < .001). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users also were observed to have increased odds of IBD (aOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.23-2.64; P = .002), which was driven by long-term use (aOR, 5.58; 95% CI, 2.26-13.80; P < .001). All significant results were consistent in direction for CD and UC with low heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics, hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, and long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use were associated with increased odds of incident IBD after adjustment for covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Narula
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Emily C L Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cara Pray
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John K Marshall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shofiqul Islam
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmad Bahonar
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Khalid F Alhabib
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Center, College of Medicine, King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna Kontsevaya
- National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Farnaza Ariffin
- Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Homer U Co
- University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Wadeia Al Sharief
- Family Medicine Department, Medical Education and Research Department, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrzej Szuba
- Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Maria Luz Diaz
- Estudios Clínicos Latinoamérica Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rita Yusuf
- Independent University, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lanthé Kruger
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Biju Soman
- Health Action by People, Thiruvananthapuram, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Yang Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuangshi Wang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Kairat Davletov
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Health Research Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götaland Region Region, Sweden
| | | | - Rasha Khatib
- Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Downers Grove, Illinois; Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Aytekin Oguz
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi City, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Karen Yeates
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Álvaro Avezum
- International Research Center, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walter Reinisch
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Moayyedi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Du B, Fu Y, Han Y, Sun Q, Xu J, Yang Y, Rong R. The lung-gut crosstalk in respiratory and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1218565. [PMID: 37680747 PMCID: PMC10482113 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1218565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Both lung and gut belong to the common mucosal immune system (CMIS), with huge surface areas exposed to the external environment. They are the main defense organs against the invasion of pathogens and play a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, more and more evidence showed that stimulation of one organ can affect the other, as exemplified by intestinal complications during respiratory disease and vice versa, which is called lung-gut crosstalk. Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in respiratory and intestinal diseases. It is known that intestinal microbial imbalance is related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this imbalance could impact the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier and leads to the persistence of inflammation, however, gut microbial disturbances have also been observed in respiratory diseases such as asthma, allergy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and respiratory infection. It is not fully clarified how these disorders happened. In this review, we summarized the latest examples and possible mechanisms of lung-gut crosstalk in respiratory disease and IBD and discussed the strategy of shaping intestinal flora to treat respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Du
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuxiu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qihui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinke Xu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Shandong Antiviral Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Rong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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19
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Lelonek E, Bouazzi D, Jemec GBE, Szepietowski JC. Skin and Gut Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2277. [PMID: 37626773 PMCID: PMC10452269 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease that significantly impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. The disease is characterized by persistent purulent lesions in specific anatomical areas, and its pathophysiology involves multiple factors, including inflammation, genetics, the microbiome, and environmental components. Recent research suggests a potential role for pathogenic bacteria in HS, highlighting the importance of the communication between the human host and the microbiome in maintaining homeostasis and immune system reactivity. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the gut-skin microbial interactions in HS remain unclear. This systematic review aims to examine the existing literature on the differences in skin and gut microbiome composition between HS patients and healthy controls. The review identifies methodological inconsistencies and calls for further research to elucidate the microbiome's role in HS pathogenesis and to explore new therapeutic interventions. The review highlights the need for advancements in microbiome research methodologies, such as metataxonomics and metagenomics, to improve our understanding of the microbiota's impact on health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Lelonek
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dorra Bouazzi
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gregor B. E. Jemec
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jacek C. Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
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20
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Spigaglia P, Barbanti F, Germinario EAP, Criscuolo EM, Bruno G, Sanchez-Mete L, Porowska B, Stigliano V, Accarpio F, Oddi A, Zingale I, Rossi S, De Angelis R, Fabbri A. Comparison of microbiological profile of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) isolates from subjects with colorectal cancer (CRC) or intestinal pre-cancerous lesions versus healthy individuals and evaluation of environmental factors involved in intestinal dysbiosis. Anaerobe 2023; 82:102757. [PMID: 37380012 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) isolates from colorectal biopsies of subjects with a histological analysis positive for colorectal cancer (CRC), pre-cancerous lesions (pre-CRC) or with a healthy intestinal tissue and to evaluate the environmental factors that may not only concur to CRC development but may also affect gut microbiota composition. METHODS ETBF isolates were typed using the ERIC-PCR method, while PCR assays were performed to investigate the bft alleles, the B. fragilis pathogenicity island (BFPAI) region and the cepA, cfiA and cfxA genes. Susceptibility to antibiotics was tested using the agar dilution method. Environmental factors that could play a role in promoting intestinal dysbiosis were evaluated throughout a questionnaire administered to the subjects enrolled. RESULTS Six different ERIC-PCR types were identified. The type denominated C in this study was the most prevalent, in particular among the biopsies of subjects with pre-CRC, while an isolate belonging to a different type, denominated F, was detected in a biopsy from a subject with CRC. All the ETBF isolates from pre-CRC or CRC subjects had a B. fragilis pathogenicity island (BFPAI) region pattern I, while those from healthy individuals showed also different patterns. Furthermore, 71% of isolates from subjects with pre-CRC or CRC were resistant to two or more classes of antibiotics vs 43% of isolates from healthy individuals. The B. fragilis toxin BFT1 was the most frequently detected in this study, confirming the constant circulation of this isoform strains in Italy. Interestingly, BFT1 was found in 86% of the ETBF isolates from patients with CRC or pre-CRC, while the BFT2 was prevalent among the ETBF isolates from healthy subjects. No substantial differences based on sex, age, tobacco and alcohol consumption were observed between healthy and non-healthy individuals included in this study, while most of the subjects with CRC or pre-CRC lesions were subjected to pharmacological therapy (71%) and showed a body mass index (BMI) that falls within the overweight range (86%). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that some types of ETBF seem to better adapt and colonize the human gut and that the selective pressure exerted by factors related to lifestyle, such as pharmacological therapy and weight, could facilitate their persistence in the gut and their possible involvement in CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Spigaglia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Barbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Angela Pia Germinario
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Ageing, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinic Umberto I, University of Rome 'Sapienza', 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lupe Sanchez-Mete
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara Porowska
- Digestive Endoscopy UOC CSC03 of the Department of General Surgery, Surgical Specialities "Paride Stefanini", Policlinic Umberto I, University of Rome 'Sapienza', 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Stigliano
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Accarpio
- Digestive Endoscopy UOC CSC03 of the Department of General Surgery, Surgical Specialities "Paride Stefanini", Policlinic Umberto I, University of Rome 'Sapienza', 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Oddi
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00114, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Zingale
- Digestive Endoscopy UOC CSC03 of the Department of General Surgery, Surgical Specialities "Paride Stefanini", Policlinic Umberto I, University of Rome 'Sapienza', 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta De Angelis
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Fabbri
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Ageing, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Colella M, Charitos IA, Ballini A, Cafiero C, Topi S, Palmirotta R, Santacroce L. Microbiota revolution: How gut microbes regulate our lives. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4368-4383. [PMID: 37576701 PMCID: PMC10415973 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i28.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human intestine is a natural environment ecosystem of a complex of diversified and dynamic microorganisms, determined through a process of competition and natural selection during life. Those intestinal microorganisms called microbiota and are involved in a variety of mechanisms of the organism, they interact with the host and therefore are in contact with the organs of the various systems. However, they play a crucial role in maintaining host homeostasis, also influencing its behaviour. Thus, microorganisms perform a series of biological functions important for human well-being. The host provides the microorganisms with the environment and nutrients, simultaneously drawing many benefits such as their contribution to metabolic, trophic, immunological, and other functions. For these reasons it has been reported that its quantitative and qualitative composition can play a protective or harmful role on the host health. Therefore, a dysbiosis can lead to an association of unfavourable factors which lead to a dysregulation of the physiological processes of homeostasis. Thus, it has pre-viously noted that the gut microbiota can participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, chronic intestinal inflammation, diabetes mellitus, obesity and atherosclerosis, neurological disorders (e.g., neurological diseases, autism, etc.) colorectal cancer, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Colella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Maugeri Clinical Scientific Research Institutes (IRCCS) of Pavia - Division of Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Scientific Institute of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Concetta Cafiero
- Area of Molecular Pathology, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, Frosinone 03100, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan “A. Xhuvani”, Elbasan 3001, Albania
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari 70124, Italy
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22
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Lewin-Epstein O, Jaques Y, Feldman MW, Kaufer D, Hadany L. Evolutionary modeling suggests that addictions may be driven by competition-induced microbiome dysbiosis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:782. [PMID: 37495841 PMCID: PMC10372008 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies revealed mechanisms by which the microbiome affects its host's brain, behavior and wellbeing, and that dysbiosis - persistent microbiome-imbalance - is associated with the onset and progress of various chronic diseases, including addictive behaviors. Yet, understanding of the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape the host-microbiome ecosystem and affect the host state, is still limited. Here we propose that competition dynamics within the microbiome, associated with host-microbiome mutual regulation, may promote dysbiosis and aggravate addictive behaviors. We construct a mathematical framework, modeling the dynamics of the host-microbiome ecosystem in response to alterations. We find that when this ecosystem is exposed to substantial perturbations, the microbiome may shift towards a composition that reinforces the new host state. Such a positive feedback loop augments post-perturbation imbalances, hindering attempts to return to the initial equilibrium, promoting relapse episodes and prolonging addictions. We show that the initial microbiome composition is a key factor: a diverse microbiome enhances the ecosystem's resilience, whereas lower microbiome diversity is more prone to lead to dysbiosis, exacerbating addictions. This framework provides evolutionary and ecological perspectives on host-microbiome interactions and their implications for host behavior and health, while offering verifiable predictions with potential relevance to clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohad Lewin-Epstein
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Yanabah Jaques
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Marcus W Feldman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Daniela Kaufer
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Lilach Hadany
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
- Sagol school of neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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23
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Biscarini F, Masetti G, Muller I, Verhasselt HL, Covelli D, Colucci G, Zhang L, Draman MS, Okosieme O, Taylor P, Daumerie C, Burlacu MC, Marinò M, Ezra DG, Perros P, Plummer S, Eckstein A, Salvi M, Marchesi JR, Ludgate M. Gut Microbiome Associated With Graves Disease and Graves Orbitopathy: The INDIGO Multicenter European Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2065-2077. [PMID: 36683389 PMCID: PMC10807910 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gut bacteria can influence host immune responses but little is known about their role in tolerance-loss mechanisms in Graves disease (GD; hyperthyroidism caused by autoantibodies, TRAb, to the thyrotropin receptor, TSHR) and its progression to Graves orbitopathy (GO). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to compare the fecal microbiota in GD patients, with GO of varying severity, and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Patients were recruited from 4 European countries (105 GD patients, 41 HCs) for an observational study with cross-sectional and longitudinal components. RESULTS At recruitment, when patients were hyperthyroid and TRAb positive, Actinobacteria were significantly increased and Bacteroidetes significantly decreased in GD/GO compared with HCs. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F:B) ratio was significantly higher in GD/GO than in HCs. Differential abundance of 15 genera was observed in patients, being most skewed in mild GO. Bacteroides displayed positive and negative correlations with TSH and free thyroxine, respectively, and was also significantly associated with smoking in GO; smoking is a risk factor for GO but not GD. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the presence of certain bacteria (Clostridiales) at diagnosis correlated with the persistence of TRAb more than 200 days after commencing antithyroid drug treatment. CONCLUSION The increased F:B ratio observed in GD/GO mirrors our finding in a murine model comparing TSHR-immunized with control mice. We defined a microbiome signature and identified changes associated with autoimmunity as distinct from those due to hyperthyroidism. Persistence of TRAb is predictive of relapse; identification of these patients at diagnosis, via their microbiome, could improve management with potential to eradicate Clostridiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Biscarini
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Giulia Masetti
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Ilaria Muller
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Hedda Luise Verhasselt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45147, Germany
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Danila Covelli
- Department of Bioinformatics, Parco Tecnologico Padano Srl (PTP), Lodi, 26900, Italy
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Giuseppe Colucci
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- Centre for Stem Cell Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Mohd Shazli Draman
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
- KPJ Healthcare University College, Kota Seriemas, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Onyebuchi Okosieme
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Pete Taylor
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Chantal Daumerie
- Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, B-1200, Belgium
| | - Maria-Cristina Burlacu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, B-1200, Belgium
| | - Michele Marinò
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Unit I, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Daniel George Ezra
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, London and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC4 9EL, UK
| | - Petros Perros
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Sue Plummer
- Cultech Ltd., Baglan, Port Talbot, SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45147, Germany
| | - Mario Salvi
- Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, 35-I-20122, Italy
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Marian Ludgate
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK
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24
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Zou B, Li J, Ma RX, Cheng XY, Ma RY, Zhou TY, Wu ZQ, Yao Y, Li J. Gut Microbiota is an Impact Factor based on the Brain-Gut Axis to Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Aging Dis 2023; 14:964-1678. [PMID: 37191418 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of AD has been explained using cholinergic, β-amyloid toxicity, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, and oxidative stress theories. However, an effective treatment method has not been developed. In recent years, with the discovery of the brain-gut axis (BGA) and breakthroughs made in Parkinson's disease, depression, autism, and other diseases, BGA has become a hotspot in AD research. Several studies have shown that gut microbiota can affect the brain and behavior of patients with AD, especially their cognitive function. Animal models, fecal microbiota transplantation, and probiotic intervention also provide evidence regarding the correlation between gut microbiota and AD. This article discusses the relationship and related mechanisms between gut microbiota and AD based on BGA to provide possible strategies for preventing or alleviating AD symptoms by regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Rui-Xia Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Rui-Yin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ting-Yuan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zi-Qi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yao Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Characteristic Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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25
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Shah UA, Parikh R, Castro F, Bellone M, Lesokhin AM. Dietary and microbiome evidence in multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders. Leukemia 2023; 37:964-980. [PMID: 36997677 PMCID: PMC10443185 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains an incurable plasma cell neoplasm. Although little is known about the etiology of MM, several metabolic risk factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, diet, and the human intestinal microbiome have been linked to the pathogenesis of MM. In this article, we provide a detailed review of dietary and microbiome factors involved in the pathogenesis of MM and their impact on outcomes. Concurrent with treatment advancements that have improved survival in MM, focused efforts are needed to reduce the burden of MM as well as improve MM specific and overall outcomes once MM is diagnosed. The findings presented in this review will provide a comprehensive guide on the evidence available to date of the impact of dietary and other lifestyle interventions on the gut microbiome and on MM incidence, outcomes, and quality of life. Data generated from such studies can help formulate evidence-based guidelines for healthcare providers to counsel individuals at risk such as those with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) as well as MM survivors with respect to their dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvi A Shah
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Richa Parikh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Francesca Castro
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander M Lesokhin
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Fan J, Zhou Y, Meng R, Tang J, Zhu J, Aldrich MC, Cox NJ, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhou D. Cross-talks between gut microbiota and tobacco smoking: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med 2023; 21:163. [PMID: 37118782 PMCID: PMC10148467 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable evidence has been reported that tobacco use could cause alterations in gut microbiota composition. The microbiota-gut-brain axis also in turn hinted at a possible contribution of the gut microbiota to smoking. However, population-level studies with a higher evidence level for causality are lacking. METHODS This study utilized the summary-level data of respective genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 211 gut microbial taxa and five smoking phenotypes to reveal the causal association between the gut microbiota and tobacco smoking. Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) design was deployed and comprehensively sensitive analyses were followed to validate the robustness of results. We further performed multivariable MR to evaluate the effect of neurotransmitter-associated metabolites on observed associations. RESULTS Our univariable MR results confirmed the effects of smoking on three taxa (Intestinimonas, Catenibacterium, and Ruminococcaceae, observed from previous studies) with boosted evidence level and identified another 13 taxa which may be causally affected by tobacco smoking. As for the other direction, we revealed that smoking behaviors could be potential consequence of specific taxa abundance. Combining with existing observational evidence, we provided novel insights regarding a positive feedback loop of smoking through Actinobacteria and indicated a potential mechanism for the link between parental smoking and early smoking initiation of their children driven by Bifidobacterium. The multivariable MR results suggested that neurotransmitter-associated metabolites (tryptophan and tyrosine, also supported by previous studies) probably played a role in the action pathway from the gut microbiota to smoking, especially for Actinobacteria and Peptococcus. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current study suggested the role of the specific gut microbes on the risk for cigarette smoking (likely involving alterations in metabolites) and in turn smoking on specific gut microbes. Our findings highlighted the hazards of tobacco use for gut flora dysbiosis and shed light on the potential role of specific gut microbiota for smoking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Fan
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ran Meng
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Cheng TY, Chang CC, Luo CS, Chen KY, Yeh YK, Zheng JQ, Wu SM. Targeting Lung-Gut Axis for Regulating Pollution Particle-Mediated Inflammation and Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:901. [PMID: 36980242 PMCID: PMC10047528 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) or ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is a risk factor for metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance (IR), increased plasma triglycerides, hyperglycemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM); it can also cause gut microbiota dysbiosis. In smokers with metabolic disorders, CS cessation decreases the risks of serious pulmonary events, inflammation, and metabolic disorder. This review included recent studies examining the mechanisms underlying the effects of CS and PM on gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorder development; one of the potential mechanisms is the disruption of the lung-gut axis, leading to gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disease. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the primary metabolites of gut bacteria, which are derived from the fermentation of dietary fibers. They activate G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, suppress histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and inhibit inflammation, facilitating the maintenance of gut health and biofunction. The aforementioned gut microbiota dysbiosis reduces SCFA levels. Treatment targeting SCFA/GPCR signaling may alleviate air pollution-associated inflammation and metabolic disorders, which involve lung-gut axis disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shan Luo
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Kai Yeh
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Quan Zheng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-S.L.); (K.-Y.C.); (Y.-K.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.)
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Upreti D, Ishiguro S, Phillips M, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Comer J, Tamura M. Euglena gracilis Extract Protects From Tobacco Smoke Carcinogen-Induced Lung Cancer by Altering Gut Microbiota Metabolome. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231195323. [PMID: 37646331 PMCID: PMC10469252 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231195323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracts from Euglena gracilis have been shown to prevent cancer growth in mouse models. However, the molecular mechanism of this anti-cancer activity has not been determined nor has the effect of Euglena extracts on tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced carcinogenesis. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that this anti-cancer activity is a result of changes in the intestinal microbiota induced by oral administration of the extract. We found that a Euglena gracilis water extract prevents lung tumorigenesis induced by a tobacco smoke-specific carcinogen (NNK) in mice treated either 2 weeks before or 10 weeks after NNK injection. Both of these treatment regimens are associated with significant increases in 27 microbiota metabolites found in the mouse feces, including large increases in triethanolamine, salicylate, desaminotyrosine, N-acetylserine, glycolate, and aspartate. Increases in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate, propionate and butyrate are also observed. We also detected a significant attenuation of lung carcinoma cell growth through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis caused by low levels of SCFAs. This study provides strong evidence of anti-cancer activity in Euglena gracilis extracts against tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis and demonstrates that this activity is linked to increased production of specific gut microbiota metabolites and the resultant induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of lung carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Upreti
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Susumu Ishiguro
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Morgan Phillips
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Comer
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Masaaki Tamura
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Begum N, Mandhare A, Tryphena KP, Srivastava S, Shaikh MF, Singh SB, Khatri DK. Epigenetics in depression and gut-brain axis: A molecular crosstalk. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1048333. [PMID: 36583185 PMCID: PMC9794020 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1048333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-brain axis is a dynamic, complex, and bidirectional communication network between the gut and brain. Changes in the microbiota-gut-brain axis are responsible for developing various metabolic, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. According to clinical and preclinical findings, the gut microbiota is a significant regulator of the gut-brain axis. In addition to interacting with intestinal cells and the enteric nervous system, it has been discovered that microbes in the gut can modify the central nervous system through metabolic and neuroendocrine pathways. The metabolites of the gut microbiome can modulate a number of diseases by inducing epigenetic alteration through DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA-associated gene silencing. Short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, are well-known histone deacetylases inhibitors. Similarly, other microbial metabolites such as folate, choline, and trimethylamine-N-oxide also regulate epigenetics mechanisms. Furthermore, various studies have revealed the potential role of microbiome dysbiosis and epigenetics in the pathophysiology of depression. Hence, in this review, we have highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis in epigenetic regulation, causal interaction between host epigenetic modification and the gut microbiome in depression and suggest microbiome and epigenome as a possible target for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Begum
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aniket Mandhare
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,*Correspondence: Saurabh Srivastava,
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia,Mohd Farooq Shaikh,
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,Dharmendra Kumar Khatri,
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The gut microbiota and depressive symptoms across ethnic groups. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7129. [PMID: 36473853 PMCID: PMC9726934 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is thought to play a role in depressive disorders, which makes it an attractive target for interventions. Both the microbiome and depressive symptom levels vary substantially across ethnic groups. Thus, any intervention for depression targeting the microbiome requires understanding of microbiome-depression associations across ethnicities. Analysing data from the HELIUS cohort, we characterize the gut microbiota and its associations with depressive symptoms in 6 ethnic groups (Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, Moroccan; N = 3211), living in the same urban area. Diversity of the gut microbiota, both within (α-diversity) and between individuals (β-diversity), predicts depressive symptom levels, taking into account demographic, behavioural, and medical differences. These associations do not differ between ethnic groups. Further, β-diversity explains 29%-18% of the ethnic differences in depressive symptoms. Bacterial genera associated with depressive symptoms belong to mulitple families, prominently including the families Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. In summary, the results show that the gut microbiota are linked to depressive symptom levels and that this association generalizes across ethnic groups. Moreover, the results suggest that ethnic differences in the gut microbiota may partly explain parallel disparities in depression.
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Tonelli Enrico V, Vo N, Methe B, Morris A, Sowa G. An unexpected connection: A narrative review of the associations between Gut Microbiome and Musculoskeletal Pain. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2022; 31:3603-3615. [PMID: 36308543 PMCID: PMC9617047 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple diverse factors contribute to musculoskeletal pain, a major cause of physical dysfunction and health-related costs worldwide. Rapidly growing evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiome has overarching influences on human health and the body's homeostasis and resilience to internal and external perturbations. This broad role of the gut microbiome is potentially relevant and connected to musculoskeletal pain, though the literature on the topic is limited. Thus, the literature on the topic of musculoskeletal pain and gut microbiome was explored. METHODS This narrative review explores the vast array of reported metabolites associated with inflammation and immune-metabolic response, which are known contributors to musculoskeletal pain. Moreover, it covers known modifiable (e.g., diet, lifestyle choices, exposure to prescription drugs, pollutants, and chemicals) and non-modifiable factors (e.g., gut architecture, genetics, age, birth history, and early feeding patterns) that are known to contribute to changes to the gut microbiome. Particular attention is devoted to modifiable factors, as the ultimate goal of researching this topic is to implement gut microbiome health interventions into clinical practice. RESULTS Overall, numerous associations exist in the literature that could converge on the gut microbiome's pivotal role in musculoskeletal health. Particularly, a variety of metabolites that are either directly produced or indirectly modulated by the gut microbiome have been highlighted. CONCLUSION The review highlights noticeable connections between the gut and musculoskeletal health, thus warranting future research to focus on the gut microbiome's role in musculoskeletal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Tonelli Enrico
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
| | - Nam Vo
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Barbara Methe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 1218 Scaife Hall 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 1218 Scaife Hall 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Sowa
- Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 910, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Kjerulff B, Kaspersen KA, Dinh KM, Boldsen J, Mikkelsen S, Erikstrup LT, Sørensen E, Nielsen KR, Bruun MT, Hjalgrim H, Pedersen OB, Thørner LW, Ullum H, Ostrowski SR, Rostgaard K, Pedersen CB, Sigsgaard T, Erikstrup C. Smoking is associated with infection risk in healthy blood donors. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 29:506-514. [PMID: 36404421 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a gap in knowledge about the effects of smoking on overall infection risk in otherwise healthy populations, possibly leading to underestimation of the dangers of smoking. The present study aimed to examine the association of smoking with the risk of infections in a large cohort of healthy blood donors. METHODS This cohort study used questionnaire and health register data from 127 831 Danish blood donors. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to estimate the association of current smoking with the risk of all-cause infection defined as hospital-based treatment for infection or filled prescriptions of antimicrobials stratified for age and adjusted for relevant confounders. RESULTS Among 18 272 current smokers, 12 272 filled an antimicrobial prescription and 2035 received hospital-based treatment for infections. Among 101 974 non-smokers, 65 117 filled a prescription and 8501 received hospital-based treatment for infections. Smokers had a higher risk of all-cause infection than non-smokers (hazard ratio estimates were 1.27 in males and 1.33 in females for hospital-based treatment and 1.11 in males and up to 1.20 in females for filled prescriptions). Smoking was most strongly associated with an increased incidence of respiratory tract infection, abscesses, skin infection, and prescriptions for these ailments (hazard ratio up to 2.29). Furthermore, smokers' risk of filled prescriptions of broad-spectrum penicillin was increased (hazard ratio up to 1.96). CONCLUSIONS Current smoking was strongly associated with the risk of hospital-based treatment of infection and filled prescriptions of antimicrobials in a large cohort of healthy individuals. These findings warrant an increased focus on infectious disease risk among smokers.
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Resistance training prevents damage to the mitochondrial function of the skeletal muscle of rats exposed to secondary cigarette smoke. Life Sci 2022; 309:121017. [PMID: 36183779 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the consumption of oxygen and to quantify the mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins (OXPHOS) in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats exposed to cigarette smoke and/or RT practitioners. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were divided into groups: Control (C), Smoker (S), Exercise (E) and Exercise Smoker (ES). Groups F and ES were exposed to the smoke of 4 cigarettes for 30 min, 2× a day, 5× a week, for 16 weeks. Groups E and ES performed four climbs with progressive load, 1× per day, 5× per week, for 16 weeks. The gastrocnemius muscle was collected for analysis of OXPHOS content and oxygen consumption. Groups S (vs. C) and ES (vs. C and E) showed lower body weight gain when observing the evolution curve. KEY FINDINGS The S rats showed a reduction in the NDUFB8 proteins of complex 1, SDHB of complex 2, MTC01 of complex 4 and ATP5A of complex 5 (ATP Synthase) compared to Group C. Additionally, S rats also showed increased consumption of O2 in Basal, Leak, Complex I and I/II combined measures compared to the other groups, suggesting that the activity of the mitochondria of these animals increased in terms of coupling and uncoupling parameters. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest that exposure to cigarette smoke for 16 weeks is capable of causing impairment of mitochondrial function with reduced expression of respiratory chain proteins in skeletal muscle. However, the RT was effective in preventing impairment of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of rats exposed to secondary cigarette smoke.
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Świerczewska Z, Lewandowski M, Surowiecka A, Barańska-Rybak W. Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa—What We Know and Where We Are Heading. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911280. [PMID: 36232581 PMCID: PMC9570026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, interest in the microbiome of cutaneous diseases has increased tremendously. Of particular interest is the gut-brain-skin axis proposed by Stokes and Pillsbury in 1930. The microbiome has been suggested in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa, however the link between the commensals and the host is yet to be established. Across all studies, the increased abundance of Porphyromonas, Peptoniphilus, and Prevotella spp., and a loss of skin commensal species, such as Cutibacterium in HS lesions, is a consistent finding. The role of gut and blood microbiome in hidradenitis suppurativa has not been fully elucidated. According to studies, the main link with the intestine is based on the increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, however, further research is highly needed in this area. Lifestyle, dietary approaches, and probiotics all seem to influence the microbiome, hence being a promising modality as adjuvant therapy. The aim of this review was to present the latest reports in the field of research on skin, blood, and gut microbiome in terms of hidradenitis suppurativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Świerczewska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Miłosz Lewandowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Surowiecka
- East Center of Burns Treatment and Reconstructive Surgery, District Hospital in Łęczna, ul. Krasnystawska 52, 21-010 Łęczna, Poland
| | - Wioletta Barańska-Rybak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Lymberopoulos E, Gentili GI, Budhdeo S, Sharma N. COVID-19 severity is associated with population-level gut microbiome variations. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:963338. [PMID: 36081770 PMCID: PMC9445151 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.963338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome interacts with many diseases, with recent small studies suggesting a link with COVID-19 severity. Exploring this association at the population-level may provide novel insights and help to explain differences in COVID-19 severity between countries. We explore whether there is an association between the gut microbiome of people within different countries and the severity of COVID-19, measured as hospitalisation rate. We use data from the large (n = 3,055) open-access gut microbiome repository curatedMetagenomicData, as well as demographic and country-level metadata. Twelve countries were placed into two groups (high/low) according to COVID-19 hospitalisation rate before December 2020 (ourworldindata.com). We use an unsupervised machine learning method, Topological Data Analysis (TDA). This method analyses both the local geometry and global topology of a high-dimensional dataset, making it particularly suitable for population-level microbiome data. We report an association of distinct baseline population-level gut microbiome signatures with COVID-19 severity. This was found both with a PERMANOVA, as well as with TDA. Specifically, it suggests an association of anti-inflammatory bacteria, including Bifidobacteria species and Eubacterium rectale, with lower severity, and pro-inflammatory bacteria such as Prevotella copri with higher severity. This study also reports a significant impact of country-level confounders, specifically of the proportion of over 70-year-olds in the population, GDP, and human development index. Further interventional studies should examine whether these relationships are causal, as well as considering the contribution of other variables such as genetics, lifestyle, policy, and healthcare system. The results of this study support the value of a population-level association design in microbiome research in general and for the microbiome-COVID-19 relationship, in particular. Finally, this research underscores the potential of TDA for microbiome studies, and in identifying novel associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lymberopoulos
- The Sharma Lab, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
- Centre for Doctoral Training in AI-London enabled Healthcare Systems, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, England
| | - Giorgia Isabella Gentili
- The Sharma Lab, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
| | - Sanjay Budhdeo
- The Sharma Lab, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, England
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, England
| | - Nikhil Sharma
- The Sharma Lab, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, England
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Whitehead AK, Meyers MC, Taylor CM, Luo M, Dowd SE, Yue X, Byerley LO. Sex-Dependent Effects of Inhaled Nicotine on the Gut Microbiome. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:1363-1370. [PMID: 35271725 PMCID: PMC9356677 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of nicotine, the addictive component of both traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes, on many physiological processes remains poorly understood. To date, there have been few investigations into the impact of nicotine on the gut microbiome, and these studies utilized oral administration rather than inhalation. This study aimed to establish if inhaled nicotine alters the gut microbiome and the effect of sex as a biological variable. METHODS Female (n = 8 air; n = 10 nicotine) and male (n = 10 air; n = 10 nicotine) C57BL6/J mice were exposed to air (control) or nicotine vapor (12 hour/day) for 13 weeks. A fecal sample was collected from each mouse at the time of sacrifice, and the gut microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. QIIME2, PICRUSt, and STAMP were used to detect gut bacterial differences and functional metabolic pathways. RESULTS Sex-specific differences were observed in both alpha and beta diversities in the absence of nicotine. While nicotine alters microbial community structure in both male and female mice as revealed by the beta diversity metric, nicotine significantly reduced alpha diversity only in female mice. A total of 42 bacterial taxa from phylum to species were found to be significantly different among the treatment groups. Finally, analysis for functional genes revealed significant differences in twelve metabolic pathways in female mice and ten in male mice exposed to nicotine compared to air controls. CONCLUSIONS Nicotine inhalation alters the gut microbiome and reduces bacterial diversity in a sex-specific manner, which may contribute to the overall adverse health impact of nicotine. IMPLICATIONS The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in the well-being of the host, and traditional cigarette smoking has been shown to affect the gut microbiome. The effects of nicotine alone, however, remain largely uncharacterized. Our study demonstrates that nicotine inhalation alters the gut microbiome in a sex-specific manner, which may contribute to the adverse health consequences of inhaled nicotine. This study points to the importance of more detailed investigations into the influence of inhaled nicotine on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Whitehead
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Margaret C Meyers
- Career Alternative Registered Nurse Education Program, School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lauri O Byerley
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Simpson S, Mclellan R, Wellmeyer E, Matalon F, George O. Drugs and Bugs: The Gut-Brain Axis and Substance Use Disorders. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2022; 17:33-61. [PMID: 34694571 PMCID: PMC9074906 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-10022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) represent a significant public health crisis. Worldwide, 5.4% of the global disease burden is attributed to SUDs and alcohol use, and many more use psychoactive substances recreationally. Often associated with comorbidities, SUDs result in changes to both brain function and physiological responses. Mounting evidence calls for a precision approach for the treatment and diagnosis of SUDs, and the gut microbiome is emerging as a contributor to such disorders. Over the last few centuries, modern lifestyles, diets, and medical care have altered the health of the microbes that live in and on our bodies; as we develop, our diets and lifestyle dictate which microbes flourish and which microbes vanish. An increase in antibiotic treatments, with many antibiotic interventions occurring early in life during the microbiome's normal development, transforms developing microbial communities. Links have been made between the microbiome and SUDs, and the microbiome and conditions that are often comorbid with SUDs such as anxiety, depression, pain, and stress. A better understanding of the mechanisms influencing behavioral changes and drug use is critical in developing novel treatments for SUDSs. Targeting the microbiome as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool is a promising avenue of exploration. This review will provide an overview of the role of the gut-brain axis in a wide range of SUDs, discuss host and microbe pathways that mediate changes in the brain's response to drugs, and the microbes and related metabolites that impact behavior and health within the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, US.
| | - Rio Mclellan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, US
| | - Emma Wellmeyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, US
| | - Frederic Matalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, US
| | - Olivier George
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, US
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Han M, Zhang N, Mao Y, Huang B, Ren M, Peng Z, Bai Z, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang S, Huang S, Cheng Z. The Potential of Gut Microbiota Metabolic Capability to Detect Drug Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:839015. [PMID: 35464950 PMCID: PMC9024311 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.839015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an essential role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and affects drug responses. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive and urgent to elucidate to explore the pathology and clinical treatment of RA. Therefore, we selected methotrexate (MTX) as an example of RA drugs to explore the interactions between the gut microbiota and drug responses and obtain an in-depth understanding of their correlation from the perspective of the metabolic capability of gut microbiota on drug metabolism. We identified 2,654 proteins and the corresponding genes involved in MTX metabolism and then profiled their abundances in the gut microbiome datasets of four cohorts. We found that the gut microbiota harbored various genes involved in MTX metabolism in healthy individuals and RA patients. Interestingly, the number of genes involved in MTX metabolism was not significantly different between response (R) and non-response (NR) groups to MTX, but the gene composition in the microbial communities significantly differed between these two groups. Particularly, several models were built based on clinical information, as well as data on the gene, taxonomical, and functional biomarkers by using the random forest algorithm and then validated. Our findings provide bases for clinical management not only of RA but also other gut microbiome–related diseases. First, it suggests that the potential metabolic capability of gut microbiota on drug metabolism is important because they affect drug efficiency; as such, clinical treatment strategies should incorporate the gene compositions of gut microbial communities, in particular genes involved in drug metabolism. Second, a suitable model can be developed to determine hosts’ responses to drugs before clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maozhen Han
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Maozhen Han,
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yujie Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bingbing Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengfei Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhangjie Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zipeng Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Long Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shenghai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Shenghai Huang,
| | - Zhixiang Cheng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Zhixiang Cheng,
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Sguazzi G, Mickleburgh HL, Ghignone S, Voyron S, Renò F, Migliario M, Sellitto F, Lovisolo F, Camurani G, Ogbanga N, Gino S, Procopio N. Microbial DNA in human nucleic acid extracts: Recoverability of the microbiome in DNA extracts stored frozen long-term and its potential and ethical implications for forensic investigation. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2022; 59:102686. [PMID: 35338895 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human DNA samples can remain unaltered for years and preserve important genetic information for forensic investigations. In fact, besides human genetic information, these extracts potentially contain additional valuable information: microbiome signatures. Forensic microbiology is rapidly becoming a significant tool for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI), and establishing cause of death and personal identity. To date, the possibility to recover unaltered microbiome signatures from human DNA extracts has not been proven. This study examines the microbiome signatures within human DNA extracts obtained from six cadavers with different PMIs, which were stored frozen for 5-16 years. Results demonstrated that the microbiome can be co-extracted with human DNA using forensic kits designed to extract the human host's DNA from different tissues and fluids during decomposition. We compared the microbial communities identified in these samples with microbial DNA recovered from two human cadavers donated to the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State University (FACTS) during multiple decomposition stages, to examine whether the microbial signatures recovered from "old" (up to 16 years) extracts are consistent with those identified in recently extracted microbial DNA samples. The V4 region of 16 S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq for all DNA extracts. The results obtained from the human DNA extracts were compared with each other and with the microbial DNA from the FACTS samples. Overall, we found that the presence of specific microbial taxa depends on the decomposition stage, the type of tissue, and the depositional environment. We found no indications of contamination in the microbial signatures, or any alterations attributable to the long-term frozen storage of the extracts, demonstrating that older human DNA extracts are a reliable source of such microbial signatures. No shared Core Microbiome (CM) was identified amongst the total 18 samples, but we identified certain species in association with the different decomposition stages, offering potential for the use of microbial signatures co-extracted with human DNA samples for PMI estimation in future. Unveiling the new significance of older human DNA extracts brings with it important ethical-legal considerations. Currently, there are no shared legal frameworks governing the long-term storage and use of human DNA extracts obtained from crime scene evidence for additional research purposes. It is therefore important to create common protocols on the storage of biological material collected at crime scenes. We review existing legislation and guidelines, and identify some important limitations for the further development and application of forensic microbiomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sguazzi
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; CRIMEDIM - Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Lanino, 1-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Hayley L Mickleburgh
- Department of Cultural Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden; Forensic Anthropology Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Stefano Ghignone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP) - Turin Unit - National Research Council (CNR), 1-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Samuele Voyron
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP) - Turin Unit - National Research Council (CNR), 1-10125 Turin, Italy; Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, V.le P.A. Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Renò
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Migliario
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Sellitto
- Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Flavia Lovisolo
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Camurani
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nengi Ogbanga
- Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah Gino
- Department of Health Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Noemi Procopio
- Forensic Anthropology Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA; Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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Hwang J, Rick J, Hsiao J, Hamzavi IH, Shi VY. Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Current Evidence and Practice. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-021-00349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Antinozzi M, Giffi M, Sini N, Gallè F, Valeriani F, De Vito C, Liguori G, Romano Spica V, Cattaruzza MS. Cigarette Smoking and Human Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020510. [PMID: 35203720 PMCID: PMC8962244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a crucial regulator of human health and disease because of its interactions with the immune system. Tobacco smoke also influences the human ecosystem with implications for disease development. This systematic review aims to analyze the available evidence, until June 2021, on the relationship between traditional and/or electronic cigarette smoking and intestinal microbiota in healthy human adults. Of the 2645 articles published in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, 13 were included in the review. Despite differences in design, quality, and participants’ characteristics, most of the studies reported a reduction in bacterial species diversity, and decreased variability indices in smokers’ fecal samples. At the phylum or genus level, the results are very mixed on bacterial abundance both in smokers and non-smokers with two exceptions. Prevotella spp. appears significantly increased in smokers and former smokers but not in electronic cigarette users, while Proteobacteria showed a progressive increase in Desulfovibrio with the number of pack-years of cigarette (p = 0.001) and an increase in Alphaproteobacteria (p = 0.04) in current versus never smokers. This attempt to systematically characterize the effects of tobacco smoking on the composition of gut microbiota gives new perspectives on future research in smoking cessation and on a new possible use of probiotics to contrast smoke-related dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Antinozzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Monica Giffi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Nicolò Sini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Federica Valeriani
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (F.V.)
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Romano Spica
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Roma, Italy;
| | - Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (M.G.); (N.S.); (C.D.V.); (M.S.C.)
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Sagard J, Olofsson T, Mogard E, Marsal J, Andréasson K, Geijer M, Kristensen LE, Lindqvist E, Wallman JK. Gut dysbiosis associated with worse disease activity and physical function in axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:42. [PMID: 35151357 PMCID: PMC8840679 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Based on clinical and genetic associations, axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are suspected to have a linked pathogenesis. Gut dysbiosis, intrinsic to IBD, has also been observed in axSpA. It is, however, not established to what degree gut dysbiosis is associated with axSpA disease severity. The objective of this study was to compare gut dysbiosis frequency between controls, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and investigate whether gut dysbiosis is cross-sectionally associated with axSpA disease activity, physical function, mobility, or pain. Methods Gut dysbiosis was assessed by 16SrRNA analysis of feces from 44/88 nr-axSpA/AS patients (ASAS/mNY criteria) without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 46 controls without IBD or rheumatic disease. The GA-map™ Dysbiosis Test was used, grading gut microbiota aberrations on a 1-5 scale, where ≥3 denotes dysbiosis. Proportions with dysbiosis were compared between the groups. Furthermore, standard axSpA measures of disease activity, function, mobility, and pain were compared between patients (nr-axSpA and AS combined) with and without dysbiosis, univariately, and adjusted for relevant confounders (ANCOVA). Results Gut dysbiosis was more frequent in AS than controls (36% versus 17%, p=0.023), while nr-axSpA (25% dysbiosis) did not differ significantly from either AS or controls. Univariately, most axSpA measures were significantly worse in patients with dysbiosis versus those without: ASDAS-CRP between-group difference 0.6 (95% CI 0.2–0.9); BASDAI 1.6 (0.8–2.4); evaluator’s global disease activity assessment (Likert scale 0–4) 0.3 (0.1–0.5), BASFI 1.5 (0.6–2.4), and VAS pain (cm) 1.3 (0.4–2.2). Differences remained significant after adjustment for demographics, lifestyle factors, treatments, gut inflammation (fecal calprotectin ≥50 mg/kg), and gut symptoms, except for VAS pain. BASMI and CRP were not associated with dysbiosis. Conclusion Gut dysbiosis, more frequent in AS patients than controls, is associated with worse axSpA disease activity and physical function, seemingly irrespective of both gut inflammation and treatments. This provides further evidence for an important link between disturbances in gastrointestinal homeostasis and axSpA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02733-w.
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Analysis of colonic mucosa-associated microbiota using endoscopically collected lavage. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1758. [PMID: 35110685 PMCID: PMC8810796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial composition of the gut lumen and mucosa is distinct and the mucosa-associated bacteria are thought to play a more critical role in interactions with the host immune system. However, limited studies of the gut mucosal microbiota in humans have been available due to methodological challenges. Here, we evaluated the potential use of colonic lavage samples for mucosal microbiota analysis in humans. Among the different types of colonic mucosal samples collected from healthy volunteers, the lavage samples contained a higher amount of bacterial DNA and were less contaminated with host DNA compared to mucosal brushing (brush) and biopsy. Although 16S gene amplicon sequencing showed that the bacterial composition of the lavage was intermediate between that of feces and biopsy, mucosal bacteria abundant in the biopsy were also enriched in lavage samples. Furthermore, differences in mucosal microbes between non-smokers and smokers were detectable in lavage samples. Our data emphasize that colonic lavage is suitable for analysis of the mucosal microbiota. Given its minimal invasiveness and high bacterial DNA content, the colonic lavage will promote research on the human mucosal microbiota, especially in gastrointestinal disorders.
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Sawicka-Śmiarowska E, Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Kamiński KA. Why Do These Microbes Like Me and How Could There Be a Link with Cardiovascular Risk Factors? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030599. [PMID: 35160056 PMCID: PMC8836897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of hospitalization, death, and disability in Europe. Due to high prevalence and ensuing clinical complications, they lead to very high social and economic costs. Despite the knowledge of classical cardiovascular risk factors, there is an urgent need for discovering new factors that may play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases or potentially influence prognosis. Recently, particular attention has been drawn to the endogenous microflora of the human body, mostly those inhabiting the digestive system. It has been shown that bacteria, along with their host cells, create an interactive ecosystem of interdependencies and relationships. This interplay could influence both the metabolic homeostasis and the immune processes of the host, hence leading to cardiovascular disease development. In this review, we attempt to describe, in the context of cardiovascular risk factors, why particular microbes occur in individuals and how they might influence the host’s cardiovascular system in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Sawicka-Śmiarowska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfection, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Karol Adam Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-8318-656
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WORKbiota: A Systematic Review about the Effects of Occupational Exposure on Microbiota and Workers' Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031043. [PMID: 35162072 PMCID: PMC8834335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of human microbiota and the impact of its modifications on the health of individuals represent a current topic of great interest for the world scientific community. Scientific evidence is emerging regarding the role that microbiota has in the onset of important chronic illnesses. Since individuals spend most of their life at work, occupational exposures may have an impact on the organism’s microbiota. The purpose of this review is to explore the influence that different occupational exposures have on human microbiota in order to set a new basis for workers’ health protection and disease prevention. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus. A total of 5818 references emerged from the online search, and 31 articles were included in the systematic review (26 original articles and 5 reviews). Exposure to biological agents (in particular direct contact with animals) was the most occupational risk factor studied, and it was found involved in modifications of the microbiota of workers. Changes in microbiota were also found in workers exposed to chemical agents or subjected to work-related stress and altered dietary habits caused by specific microclimate characteristics or long trips. Two studies evaluated the role of microbiota changes on the development of occupational lung diseases. Occupational factors can interface with the biological rhythms of the bacteria of the microbiota and can contribute to its modifications and to the possible development of diseases. Future studies are needed to better understand the role of the microbiota and its connection with occupational exposure to promote projects for the prevention and protection of global health.
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El-Sahhar S, Varga-Weisz P. The gut microbiome in health and disease: Inflammatory bowel diseases. ADV ECOL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nakajima A, Shibuya T, Sasaki T, Lu YJ, Ishikawa D, Haga K, Takahashi M, Kaga N, Osada T, Sato N, Nagahara A. Nicotine Oral Administration Attenuates DSS-Induced Colitis Through Upregulation of Indole in the Distal Colon and Rectum in Mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:789037. [PMID: 34966763 PMCID: PMC8710606 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.789037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine affects the gastrointestinal environment and modulates ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the associations among nicotine, gut metabolites, and UC are still largely unknown. We investigated whether orally administered nicotine affected gut metabolites and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. C57BL/6 male mice were orally administered nicotine solution in drinking water prior to inducing DSS-induced colitis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole in gut contents and fecal samples were measured by GC-MS and hydroxylamine-based indole assays, respectively. Oral administration of nicotine increased indole concentration in feces, but, in contrast, SCFA values did not differ with nicotine administration. Indole levels were increased in the distal colon and rectum but not in the cecum and proximal colon. DSS-induced colitis was less severe clinically and histological changes were minimal in the rectum of orally nicotine-administered mice compared to mice drinking only water. 16S rRNA microbiome on the feces revealed an increasing in Clostridium and Porphyromonas in nicotine-administered mice. In conclusion, nicotine administration was associated with increased indole levels in the distal colon and rectum and attenuated DSS-induced colitis. Oral administration of nicotine may play a potential role in indole upregulation and prevention of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Shibuya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- Animal Research Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yu Jie Lu
- Center of Excellence for Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dai Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Kaga
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Osada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Nagahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Morales JS, Valenzuela PL, Castillo-García A, Butragueño J, Jiménez-Pavón D, Carrera-Bastos P, Lucia A. The Exposome and Immune Health in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2021; 14:24. [PMID: 35010900 PMCID: PMC8746533 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the importance of lifestyle and environmental exposures-collectively referred to as the 'exposome'-for ensuring immune health. In this narrative review, we summarize and discuss the effects of the different exposome components (physical activity, body weight management, diet, sun exposure, stress, sleep and circadian rhythms, pollution, smoking, and gut microbiome) on immune function and inflammation, particularly in the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We highlight the potential role of 'exposome improvements' in the prevention-or amelioration, once established-of this disease as well as their effect on the response to vaccination. In light of the existing evidence, the promotion of a healthy exposome should be a cornerstone in the prevention and management of the COVID-19 pandemic and other eventual pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier S. Morales
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain;
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Pedro L. Valenzuela
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (P.L.V.); (A.L.)
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (‘PaHerg’), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (‘imas12′), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Butragueño
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Cádiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain;
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden;
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (P.L.V.); (A.L.)
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (‘PaHerg’), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre (‘imas12′), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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49
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Duijster JW, Franz E, Neefjes J, Mughini-Gras L. Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens as Risk Factors for Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review of Current Epidemiological Knowledge. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:790256. [PMID: 34956157 PMCID: PMC8692736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.790256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic potential of viral infections is well established and documented for many years already. However, the contribution of (commensal) bacteria and parasites to the development and progression of cancers has only recently gained momentum, resulting in a rapid growth of publications on the topic. Indeed, various bacteria and parasites have been suggested to play a role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer in particular. Therefore, an overview of the current epidemiological knowledge on the association between infections with bacteria and parasites and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract is needed. In this review, we summarized the methodological characteristics and main results of epidemiological studies investigating the association of 10 different bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, and Streptococcus spp.) and three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Schistosoma spp., and Strongyloides stercoralis) with gastrointestinal cancer. While the large body of studies based on microbiome sequencing provides valuable insights into the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in cancer patients as compared to individuals with pre-malignant conditions or healthy controls, more research is needed to fulfill Koch's postulates, possibly making use of follow-up data, to assess the complex role of bacterial and parasitic infections in cancer epidemiology. Studies incorporating follow-up time between detection of the bacterium or parasite and cancer diagnosis remain valuable as these allow for estimation of cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke W. Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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50
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Logotheti M, Agioutantis P, Katsaounou P, Loutrari H. Microbiome Research and Multi-Omics Integration for Personalized Medicine in Asthma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11121299. [PMID: 34945771 PMCID: PMC8707330 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11121299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a multifactorial inflammatory disorder of the respiratory system characterized by high diversity in clinical manifestations, underlying pathological mechanisms and response to treatment. It is generally established that human microbiota plays an essential role in shaping a healthy immune response, while its perturbation can cause chronic inflammation related to a wide range of diseases, including asthma. Systems biology approaches encompassing microbiome analysis can offer valuable platforms towards a global understanding of asthma complexity and improving patients' classification, status monitoring and therapeutic choices. In the present review, we summarize recent studies exploring the contribution of microbiota dysbiosis to asthma pathogenesis and heterogeneity in the context of asthma phenotypes-endotypes and administered medication. We subsequently focus on emerging efforts to gain deeper insights into microbiota-host interactions driving asthma complexity by integrating microbiome and host multi-omics data. One of the most prominent achievements of these research efforts is the association of refractory neutrophilic asthma with certain microbial signatures, including predominant pathogenic bacterial taxa (such as Proteobacteria phyla, Gammaproteobacteria class, especially species from Haemophilus and Moraxella genera). Overall, despite existing challenges, large-scale multi-omics endeavors may provide promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future development of novel microbe-based personalized strategies for diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment of uncontrollable asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Logotheti
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Agioutantis
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
| | - Paraskevi Katsaounou
- Pulmonary Dept First ICU, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Ipsilantou 45-7, 10675 Athens, Greece;
| | - Heleni Loutrari
- G.P. Livanos and M. Simou Laboratories, 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, Evangelismos Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 3 Ploutarchou Str., 10675 Athens, Greece; (M.L.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
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