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Haddad EN, Lansang MC, Xiao H, Walsh RM, Simon R, Hatipoglu BA, Zhou K. Preoperative and Postoperative Predictors of Insulin Independence From Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplantation. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:752-757. [PMID: 38871053 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the preoperative and postoperative variables associated with 1 year and long-term insulin independence following total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT). METHODS 46 TPIAT patients from 2010 to 2022 in a single hospital system were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and postoperative variables were compared between short-term (1 year) and long-term (last follow-up after year 1) insulin-independent versus -dependent patients. RESULTS Nine (20%) and seven (15%) patients achieved short- and long-term insulin independence, respectively. The patients were followed up for a median of 2.8 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.0, 4.7). Short-term insulin independence was associated with higher median transplanted islet equivalents (IEQ) per kg (6981 vs 4493, P = .02), lower units of basal insulin on discharge (7 vs 12, P = .009), and lower rates of discharge with an insulin regimen (67% vs 100%, P = .006). Odds of short-term insulin independence increased by 80% for every 1000 increase in IEQ per kg (OR 1.80, CI 1.18-3.12, P = .005) and decreased by 32% for every additional basal unit of insulin on discharge (OR 0.68, CI 0.42-0.91, P = .003) on average. Long-term insulin independence was also associated with transplanted IEQ per kg. No patient on antihyperglycemic medication before surgery achieved insulin independence. CONCLUSION Short- and long-term insulin independence after TPIAT is associated with higher transplanted IEQ per kg and immediate postoperative variables that can be used to inform the discussions clinicians have with their patients regarding glycemic prognosis following TPIAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot N Haddad
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - M Cecilia Lansang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Huijun Xiao
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - R Matthew Walsh
- Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Robert Simon
- Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Betul A Hatipoglu
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Care, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Keren Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Mohammadi S, Khorasani M. Implications of the cGAS-STING pathway in diabetes: Risk factors and therapeutic strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134210. [PMID: 39069057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin action. Although the pathogenesis of diabetes is multifactorial, emerging evidence suggests that chronic low-grade inflammation plays a significant role in the development and progression of the disease. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and its downstream signaling pathway, the stimulator of interferon genes (STING), have recently gained attention in the field of diabetes research. This article aims to provide an overview of the role of cGAS-STING in diabetes, focusing on its involvement in the regulation of immune responses, inflammation, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction. Understanding the contribution of cGAS-STING signaling in diabetes may lead to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for this prevalent metabolic disorder. The results section presents key findings from multiple studies on the impact of STING in diabetes. It discusses the influence of STING on inflammation levels within a diabetic environment, its effect on insulin resistance, and its implications for the development and progression of diabetes. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development and progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 611, Oman
| | - Milad Khorasani
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Camaya I, Hill M, Sais D, Tran N, O'Brien B, Donnelly S. The Parasite-Derived Peptide, FhHDM-1, Selectively Modulates miRNA Expression in β-Cells to Prevent Apoptotic Pathways Induced by Proinflammatory Cytokines. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:8555211. [PMID: 39022651 PMCID: PMC11254460 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8555211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a parasite-derived peptide, FhHDM-1, that prevented the progression of diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Disease prevention was mediated by the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway to promote β-cell survival and metabolism without inducing proliferation. To determine the molecular mechanisms driving the antidiabetogenic effects of FhHDM-1, miRNA:mRNA interactions and in silico predictions of the gene networks were characterised in β-cells, which were exposed to the proinflammatory cytokines that mediate β-cell destruction in Type 1 diabetes (T1D), in the presence and absence of FhHDM-1. The predicted gene targets of miRNAs differentially regulated by FhHDM-1 mapped to the biological pathways that regulate β-cell biology. Six miRNAs were identified as important nodes in the regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Additionally, IGF-2 was identified as a miRNA gene target that mediated the beneficial effects of FhHDM-1 on β-cells. The findings provide a putative mechanism by which FhHDM-1 positively impacts β-cells to permanently prevent diabetes. As β-cell death/dysfunction underlies diabetes development, FhHDM-1 opens new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Camaya
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meredith Hill
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn O'Brien
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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Li H, Mao B, Zhong J, Li X, Sang H. Localized delivery of metformin via 3D printed GelMA-Nanoclay hydrogel scaffold for enhanced treatment of diabetic bone defects. J Orthop Translat 2024; 47:249-260. [PMID: 39070239 PMCID: PMC11282943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic bone defects present significant challenges for individuals with diabetes. While metformin has been explored for bone regeneration via local delivery, its application in treating diabetic bone defects remains under-explored. In this study, we aim to leverage 3D printing technology to fabricate a GelMA-Nanoclay hydrogel scaffold loaded with metformin specifically for this purpose. The objective is to assess whether the in situ release of metformin can effectively enhance osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation in the context of diabetic bone defects. Materials and methods Utilizing 3D printing technology, we constructed a GelMA-Nanoclay-Metformin hydrogel scaffold with optimal physical properties and biocompatibility. The osteogenic, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory characteristics of the hydrogel scaffold were thoroughly investigated through both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results GelMA10%-Nanoclay8%-Metformin5mg/mL was selected as the bioink for 3D printing due to its favorable swelling rate, degradation rate, mechanical strength, and drug release rate. Through in vitro investigations, the hydrogel scaffold extract, enriched with metformin, demonstrated a substantial enhancement in the proliferation and migration of BMSCs within a high-glucose microenvironment. It effectively enhances osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. In vivo experimental outcomes further underscored the efficacy of the metformin-loaded GelMA-Nanoclay hydrogel scaffold in promoting superior bone regeneration within diabetic bone defects. Conclusions In conclusion, while previous studies have explored local delivery of metformin for bone regeneration, our research is pioneering in its application to diabetic bone defects using a 3D printed GelMA-Nanoclay hydrogel scaffold. This localized delivery approach demonstrates significant potential for enhancing bone regeneration in diabetic patients, offering a novel approach for treating diabetic bone defects. The translational potential of this article Our study demonstrates, for the first time, the successful loading of the systemic antidiabetic drug metformin onto a hydrogel scaffold for localized delivery. This approach exhibits significant efficacy in mending diabetic bone defects, presenting a promising new avenue for the treatment of such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetong Li
- Corresponding author. No.1333 Xinhu Street, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
| | | | - Jintao Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuwang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongxun Sang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Guan J, Abudouaini H, Lin K, Yang K. Emerging insights into the role of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine for inflammation control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:140. [PMID: 38918878 PMCID: PMC11197348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder, is closely linked to persistent low-grade inflammation, significantly contributing to its development and progression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying T2DM, focusing on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in mediating inflammatory responses. We discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine, highlighting their mechanisms in inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing IL-1β production. Recent studies indicate that these agents could effectively mitigate inflammation, offering promising avenues for the prevention and management of T2DM. By exploring the intricate connections between metabolic disturbances and chronic inflammation, this review underscores the need for novel anti-inflammatory strategies to address T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haimiti Abudouaini
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lin
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kaitan Yang
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Truma Rehabilitation Department, Honghui-Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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Schonblum A, Ali Naser D, Ovadia S, Egbaria M, Puyesky S, Epshtein A, Wald T, Mercado-Medrez S, Ashery-Padan R, Landsman L. Beneficial islet inflammation in health depends on pericytic TLR/MyD88 signaling. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e179335. [PMID: 38885342 PMCID: PMC11245159 DOI: 10.1172/jci179335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While inflammation is beneficial for insulin secretion during homeostasis, its transformation adversely affects β cells and contributes to diabetes. However, the regulation of islet inflammation for maintaining glucose homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we identified pericytes as pivotal regulators of islet immune and β cell function in health. Islets and pancreatic pericytes express various cytokines in healthy humans and mice. To interfere with the pericytic inflammatory response, we selectively inhibited the TLR/MyD88 pathway in these cells in transgenic mice. The loss of MyD88 impaired pericytic cytokine production. Furthermore, MyD88-deficient mice exhibited skewed islet inflammation with fewer cells, an impaired macrophage phenotype, and reduced IL-1β production. This aberrant pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation was associated with β cell dedifferentiation and impaired glucose response. Additionally, we found that Cxcl1, a pericytic MyD88-dependent cytokine, promoted immune IL-1β production. Treatment with either Cxcl1 or IL-1β restored the mature β cell phenotype and glucose response in transgenic mice, suggesting a potential mechanism through which pericytes and immune cells regulate glucose homeostasis. Our study revealed pericyte-orchestrated islet inflammation as a crucial element in glucose regulation, implicating this process as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Schonblum
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Dunia Ali Naser
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shai Ovadia
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mohammed Egbaria
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Shani Puyesky
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Alona Epshtein
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Tomer Wald
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Sophia Mercado-Medrez
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Limor Landsman
- Department of Cell and Development Biology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and
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Varra FN, Varras M, Varra VK, Theodosis-Nobelos P. Molecular and pathophysiological relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in the manifestation of metabolic dysfunctions and their inflammation‑mediating treatment options (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:95. [PMID: 38606791 PMCID: PMC11025031 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity reaches up to epidemic proportions globally and increases the risk for a wide spectrum of co‑morbidities, including type‑2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney diseases, respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, musculoskeletal disorders and osteoarthritis, subfertility, psychosocial problems and certain types of cancers. The underlying inflammatory mechanisms interconnecting obesity with metabolic dysfunction are not completely understood. Increased adiposity promotes pro‑inflammatory polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, in adipose tissue (AT), with subsequent increased production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inducing therefore an overall, systemic, low‑grade inflammation, which contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM. Targeting inflammatory mediators could be alternative therapies to treat obesity, but their safety and efficacy remains to be studied further and confirmed in future clinical trials. The present review highlights the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms by which the chronic low‑grade inflammation in AT and the production of reactive oxygen species lead to MetS, IR and T2DM. In addition, focus is given on the role of anti‑inflammatory agents, in the resolution of chronic inflammation, through the blockade of chemotactic factors, such as monocytes chemotractant protein‑1, and/or the blockade of pro‑inflammatory mediators, such as IL‑1β, TNF‑α, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‑1, and/or the increased synthesis of adipokines, such as adiponectin and apelin, in obesity‑associated metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani-Niki Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus
- Medical School, Dimocritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece
| | - Michail Varras
- Fourth Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece
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Ding P, Yue W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Guo X. Effects of sugary drinks, coffee, tea and fruit juice on incidence rate, mortality and cardiovascular complications of type2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1113-1123. [PMID: 38932853 PMCID: PMC11196440 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims Despite more and more studies indicate that beverages play an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), the efficacy of intaking different beverages for T2DM has not been clearly stated in one article. The meta-analysis was performed, which aims to assess the effects of beverages on mortality and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and the incidence of T2DM. Method PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were search up to March, 2023 to identify relevant studies, including studies researching beverage consumption, the incidence and mortality of T2DM and incidence of cardiovascular disease, a kind of complication of T2DM. The way to explore the source of heterogeneity is performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were performed to assess publication bias. The Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to analysis the results. Fifteen observational studies were included in our meta-analysis. Results Fifteen eligible articles were included sugar-sweetened beverages(SSB) consumption increased the mortality and incidence of T2DM ( Hazard ratio (HR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.38; P = 0.01 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.06-1.24; P = 0.001), respectively. Artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) consumption was not associated with the mortality and incidence of T2DM (HR,0.96;95%CI, 0.86-1.07; P = 0.464 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.05-1.26; P = 0.003), respectively. Fruit juice consumption increased the incidence of T2DM (HR,1.08;95%CI,1.02-1.14, P = 0.296).Tea or coffee consumption can reduce the incidence of T2DM (HR, 0.89; 95%CI,0.81-0.98; P = 0.016). Tea or coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of mortality of T2DM (HR,0.84; 95% Cl, 0.75-0.94; P = 0.002 and HR,0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.87; P < 0.001), respectively. Additionally, beverage consumption was not associated with cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients (HR,1.03; 95% Cl, 0.82-1.30, P > 0.05). Conclusions High consumption of SSBs led to a higher risk and mortality of T2DM, while high consumption of coffee or tea showed significant associations with a lower risk of the incidence and mortality of T2DM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
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Han J, Chen Y, Xu X, Li Q, Xiang X, Shen J, Ma X. Development of Recombinant High-Density Lipoprotein Platform with Innate Adipose Tissue-Targeting Abilities for Regional Fat Reduction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13635-13651. [PMID: 38753978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
As an escalating public health issue, obesity and overweight conditions are predispositions to various diseases and are exacerbated by concurrent chronic inflammation. Nonetheless, extant antiobesity pharmaceuticals (quercetin, capsaicin, catecholamine, etc.) manifest constrained efficacy alongside systemic toxic effects. Effective therapeutic approaches that selectively target adipose tissue, thereby enhancing local energy expenditure, surmounting the limitations of prevailing antiobesity modalities are highly expected. In this context, we developed a temperature-sensitive hydrogel loaded with recombinant high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) to achieve targeted delivery of resveratrol, an adipose browning activator, to adipose tissue. rHDL exhibits self-regulation on fat cell metabolism and demonstrates natural targeting toward scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), which is highly expressed by fat cells, thereby achieving a synergistic effect for the treatment of obesity. Additionally, the dispersion of rHDL@Res in temperature-sensitive hydrogels, coupled with the regulation of their degradation and drug release rate, facilitated sustainable drug release at local adipose tissues over an extended period. Following 24 days' treatment regimen, obese mice exhibited improved metabolic status, resulting in a reduction of 68.2% of their inguinal white adipose tissue (ingWAT). Specifically, rHDL@Res/gel facilitated the conversion of fatty acids to phospholipids (PA, PC), expediting fat mobilization, mitigating triglyceride accumulation, and therefore facilitating adipose tissue reduction. Furthermore, rHDL@Res/gel demonstrated efficacy in attenuating obesity-induced inflammation and fostering angiogenesis in ingWAT. Collectively, this engineered local fat reduction platform demonstrated heightened effectiveness and safety through simultaneously targeting adipocytes, promoting WAT browning, regulating lipid metabolism, and controlling inflammation, showing promise for adipose-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Han
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yingxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qingmeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, Hainan 572025, P. R. China
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Taneera J, Khalique A, Mohammed AK, Mussa BM, Sulaiman N, Abu-Gharbieh E, El-Huneidi W, Saber-Ayad MM. Investigating the Impact of IL6 on Insulin Secretion: Evidence from INS-1 Cells, Human Pancreatic Islets, and Serum Analysis. Cells 2024; 13:685. [PMID: 38667300 PMCID: PMC11049194 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL6) is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in metabolic disorders and inflammation, yet its precise influence on insulin secretion and glucose metabolism remains uncertain. This study examined IL6 expression in pancreatic islets from individuals with/without diabetes, alongside a series of functional experiments, including siRNA silencing; IL6 treatment; and assessments of glucose uptake, cell viability, apoptosis, and expression of key β-cell genes, which were conducted in both INS-1 cells and human islets to elucidate the effect of IL6 on insulin secretion. Serum levels of IL6 from Emirati patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were measured, and the effect of antidiabetic drugs on IL6 levels was studied. The results revealed that IL6 mRNA expression was higher in islets from diabetic and older donors compared to healthy or young donors. IL6 expression correlated negatively with PDX1, MAFB, and NEUROD1 and positively with SOX4, HES1, and FOXA1. Silencing IL6 in INS-1 cells reduced insulin secretion and glucose uptake independently of apoptosis or oxidative stress. Reduced expression of IL6 was associated with the downregulation of Ins, Pdx1, Neurod1, and Glut2 in INS-1 cells. In contrast, IL6 treatment enhanced insulin secretion in INS-1 cells and human islets and upregulated insulin expression. Serum IL6 levels were elevated in patients with T2D and associated with higher glucose, HbA1c, and triglycerides, regardless of glucose-lowering medications. This study provides a new understanding of the role of IL6 in β-cell function and the pathophysiology of T2D. Our data highlight differences in the response to IL6 between INS-1 cells and human islets, suggesting the presence of species-specific variations across different experimental models. Further research is warranted to unravel the precise mechanisms underlying the observed effects of IL-6 on insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Taneera
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Anila Khalique
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Bashair M. Mussa
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Nabil Sulaiman
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Maha M. Saber-Ayad
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.M.M.); (N.S.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.M.S.-A.)
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (A.K.); (A.K.M.)
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11
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Xu W, Wang H, Sun Q, Hua T, Bai J, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Ni X. TXNIP-NLRP3-GSDMD axis-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis of islet β-cells is involved in cigarette smoke-induced hyperglycemia, which is alleviated by andrographolide. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1415-1428. [PMID: 37987454 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic surveys have indicated that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for diabetes, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Andrographolide, an herb traditionally utilized in medicine, provides anti-inflammatory benefits for various diseases. In the present work, 265 patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) were investigated, and male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cigareete smoke (CS) and/or to intraperitoneally injected andrographolide for 3 months. To elucidate the mechanism of CS-induced hyperglycemia and the protective mechanism of andrographolide, MIN6 cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and/or to andrographolide. Our data from 265 patients with T2D showed that urinary creatinine and serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)) increased with smoking pack-years. In a mouse model, CS induced hyperglycemia, decreased insulin secretion, and elevated inflammation and pyroptosis in β-cells of mice. Treatment of mice with andrographolide preserved pancreatic function by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines; the expression of TXNIP, NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, IL-1β; and the N-terminal of gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein. For MIN6 cells, CSE caused increasing secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β, and the expression of TXNIP and pyroptosis-related proteins; however, andrographolide alleviated these changes. Furthermore, silencing of TXNIP showed that the blocking effect of andrographolide may be mediated by TXNIP. In sum, our results indicate that CS induces hyperglycemia through TXNIP-NLRP3-GSDMD axis-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis of islet β-cells and that andrographolide is a potential therapeutic agent for CS-induced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Xu
- The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou Advanced Institute of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Environmental health effects and risk assessment Key Laboratory of Luzhou, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Sun
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Hua
- Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou Advanced Institute of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Bai
- Environmental health effects and risk assessment Key Laboratory of Luzhou, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- Environmental health effects and risk assessment Key Laboratory of Luzhou, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinye Ni
- The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
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12
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Noguchi T, Katoh H, Nomura S, Okada K, Watanabe M. The GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide improves recovery from spinal cord injury by inducing macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1342944. [PMID: 38426018 PMCID: PMC10902060 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1342944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Although a wide variety of mechanisms take part in the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury (SCI), inflammation is the most important factor implicated in the sequelae after SCI. Being central to the inflammation reaction, macrophages and their polarization are a topic that has garnered wide interest in the studies of SCI secondary injury. The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exenatide has been shown to enhance the endoplasmic reticulum stress response and improve motor function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Since exenatide has also been reported to induce the production of M2 cells in models of cerebral infarction and neurodegenerative diseases, this study was conducted to examine the effects of exenatide administration on the inflammation process that ensues after spinal cord injury. In a rat contusion model of spinal cord injury, the exenatide group received a subcutaneous injection of 10 μg exenatide immediately after injury while those in the control group received 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the effects of exenatide administration on the macrophages infiltrating the injured spinal cord, especially with regard to macrophage M1 and M2 profiles. The changes in hind limb motor function were assessed based on Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB scale) scores. The improvement in BBB scale scores was significantly higher in the exenatide group from day 7 after injury and onwards. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed an increase in the expression of M2 markers and anti-inflammatory interleukins in the exenatide group that was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of M1 markers and inflammatory cytokines. Immunohistochemical staining showed no significant difference in M1 macrophage numbers between the two groups, but a significantly higher number of M2 macrophages was observed in the exenatide group on day 3 after injury. Our findings suggest that exenatide administration promoted the number of M2-phenotype macrophages after SCI, which may have led to the observed improvement in hind limb motor function in a rat model of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Katoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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13
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Zhao N, Yu X, Zhu X, Song Y, Gao F, Yu B, Qu A. Diabetes Mellitus to Accelerated Atherosclerosis: Shared Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:133-152. [PMID: 38091232 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the critical independent risk factors for the progression of cardiovascular disease, and the underlying mechanism regarding this association remains poorly understood. Hence, it is urgent to decipher the fundamental pathophysiology and consequently provide new insights into the identification of innovative therapeutic targets for diabetic atherosclerosis. It is now appreciated that different cell types are heavily involved in the progress of diabetic atherosclerosis, including endothelial cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, dependence on altered metabolic pathways, intracellular lipids, and high glucose. Additionally, extensive studies have elucidated that diabetes accelerates the odds of atherosclerosis with the explanation that these two chronic disorders share some common mechanisms, such as endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. In this review, we initially summarize the current research and proposed mechanisms and then highlight the role of these three cell types in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis and finally establish the mechanism pinpointing the relationship between diabetes and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanting Song
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baoqi Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, China.
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14
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Scheithauer TPM, Wortelboer K, Winkelmeijer M, Verdoes X, Aydin Ö, Acherman YIZ, de Brauw ML, Nieuwdorp M, Rampanelli E, de Jonge PA, Herrema H. Bacteriophages from treatment-naïve type 2 diabetes individuals drive an inflammatory response in human co-cultures of dendritic cells and T cells. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2380747. [PMID: 39068518 PMCID: PMC11285347 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2380747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) show signs of low-grade inflammation, which is related to the development of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. However, the underlying triggers remain unknown. The gut microbiota is a plausible source as it comprises pro-inflammatory bacteria, bacterial metabolites and viruses, including (bacterio)phages. These prokaryotic viruses have been shown to mediate inflammatory responses in gastrointestinal disease. Given the differences in phage populations in healthy individuals versus those with cardiometabolic diseases such as T2D, we here questioned whether phages from T2D individuals would have increased immunogenic potential. To address this, we isolated intestinal phages from a fresh stool sample of healthy controls and individuals with newly diagnosed, treatment-naive T2D. Phages were purified using cesium chloride ultracentrifugation and incubated with healthy donor dendritic cells (DCs) and autologous T cells. Donors with T2D had slightly higher free viral particle numbers compared to healthy controls (p = .1972), which has been previously associated with disease states. Further, phages from T2D induced a higher inflammatory response in DCs and T cells than phages from HC. For example, the expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 on DCs (p < .001) and interferon-y secretion from T cells (p < .01) were increased when comparing the two groups. These results suggest that phages might play a role in low-grade inflammation in T2D individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koen Wortelboer
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Diabetes & Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Winkelmeijer
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xanthe Verdoes
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ömrüm Aydin
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Diabetes & Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Diabetes & Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick A. de Jonge
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Diabetes & Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Diabetes & Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Motomura K, Matsuzaka T, Shichino S, Ogawa T, Pan H, Nakajima T, Asano Y, Okayama T, Takeuchi T, Ohno H, Han SI, Miyamoto T, Takeuchi Y, Sekiya M, Sone H, Yahagi N, Nakagawa Y, Oda T, Ueha S, Ikeo K, Ogura A, Matsushima K, Shimano H. Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling of Pancreatic Islets From Early Diabetic Mice Identifies Anxa10 for Ca2+ Allostasis Toward β-Cell Failure. Diabetes 2024; 73:75-92. [PMID: 37871012 PMCID: PMC10784657 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disorder denoted by hyperglycemia and impaired insulin secretion. Although a decrease in β-cell function and mass is a well-known trigger for diabetes, the comprehensive mechanism is still unidentified. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of pancreatic islets from prediabetic and diabetic db/db mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes. We discovered a diabetes-specific transcriptome landscape of endocrine and nonendocrine cell types with subpopulations of β- and α-cells. We recognized a new prediabetic gene, Anxa10, that was induced by and regulated Ca2+ influx from metabolic stresses. Anxa10-overexpressed β-cells displayed suppression of glucose-stimulated intracellular Ca2+ elevation and potassium-induced insulin secretion. Pseudotime analysis of β-cells predicted that this Ca2+-surge responder cluster would proceed to mitochondria dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Other trajectories comprised dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, emphasizing acinar-like cells in diabetic islets. Altogether, our data provide a new insight into Ca2+ allostasis and β-cell failure processes. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS The transcriptome of single-islet cells from healthy, prediabetic, and diabetic mice was studied. Distinct β-cell heterogeneity and islet cell-cell network in prediabetes and diabetes were found. A new prediabetic β-cell marker, Anxa10, regulates intracellular Ca2+ and insulin secretion. Diabetes triggers β-cell to acinar cell transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Motomura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ogawa
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of BioScience and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakajima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Asano
- Faculty of Information Networking for Innovation and Design, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitsugu Okayama
- Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Takeuchi
- Tsukuba Human Tissue Biobank Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Song-iee Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takafumi Miyamoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takeuchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Motohiro Sekiya
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Division of Complex Biosystem Research, Department of Research and Development, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ikeo
- Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogura
- Department of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of BioScience and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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16
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Khin PP, Lee JH, Jun HS. Pancreatic Beta-cell Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. EUR J INFLAMM 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x231154152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells produce and secrete insulin to maintain blood glucose levels within a narrow range. Defects in the function and mass of β-cells play a significant role in the development and progression of diabetes. Increased β-cell deficiency and β-cell apoptosis are observed in the pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes. At an early stage, β-cells adapt to insulin resistance, and their insulin secretion increases, but they eventually become exhausted, and the β-cell mass decreases. Various causal factors, such as high glucose, free fatty acids, inflammatory cytokines, and islet amyloid polypeptides, contribute to the impairment of β-cell function. Therefore, the maintenance of β-cell function is a logical approach for the treatment and prevention of diabetes. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of these risk factors in pancreatic β-cell loss and the associated mechanisms. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic β-cell loss will provide an opportunity to identify novel therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyu Phyu Khin
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Han Lee
- Department of Marine Bio-industry, Hanseo University, Seosan, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, 191, Hambangmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, 21, Namdong-daero 774, beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
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17
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Li M, Wang M, Wen Y, Zhang H, Zhao G, Gao Q. Signaling pathways in macrophages: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e349. [PMID: 37706196 PMCID: PMC10495745 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play diverse roles in development, homeostasis, and immunity. Accordingly, the dysfunction of macrophages is involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 and atherosclerosis. The protective or pathogenic effect that macrophages exert in different conditions largely depends on their functional plasticity, which is regulated via signal transduction such as Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, Wnt and Notch pathways, stimulated by environmental cues. Over the past few decades, the molecular mechanisms of signaling pathways in macrophages have been gradually elucidated, providing more alternative therapeutic targets for diseases treatment. Here, we provide an overview of the basic physiology of macrophages and expound the regulatory pathways within them. We also address the crucial role macrophages play in the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, infectious diseases, and cancer, with a focus on advances in macrophage-targeted strategies exploring modulation of components and regulators of signaling pathways. Last, we discuss the challenges and possible solutions of macrophage-targeted therapy in clinical applications. We hope that this comprehensive review will provide directions for further research on therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage signaling pathways, which are promising to improve the efficacy of disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuanjia Wen
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Guang‐Nian Zhao
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Gynecological OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyCancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education)Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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18
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Krawczyk M, Burzynska-Pedziwiatr I, Wozniak LA, Bukowiecka-Matusiak M. Impact of Polyphenols on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Factors in Diabetes Mellitus: Nutritional Antioxidants and Their Application in Improving Antidiabetic Therapy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1402. [PMID: 37759802 PMCID: PMC10526737 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. Nutritional antioxidants derived from dietary sources have gained significant attention due to their potential to improve antidiabetic therapy. This review will delve into the world of polyphenols, investigating their origins in plants, metabolism in the human body, and relevance to the antioxidant mechanism in the context of improving antidiabetic therapy by attenuating oxidative stress, improving insulin sensitivity, and preserving β-cell function. The potential mechanisms of, clinical evidence for, and future perspectives on nutritional antioxidants as adjuvant therapy in diabetes management are discussed.
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19
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Xie Q, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Sun L, Wen Q, Wang W, Chen Q. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ginsenoside Rg1 for hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1179705. [PMID: 37745069 PMCID: PMC10514510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1179705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: According to existing laboratory data, ginsenoside Rg1 may help cure diabetes and its complications by reducing oxidative stress (OS) and managing inflammation. However, this conclusion lacks reliability and is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Methods: We searched for relevant studies published through December 2022, including electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang. The SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias (SYRCLE RoB) tool was used to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the methodological quality of animal research. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.4 software, following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. This study is registered in the International Systems Review Prospective Registry (PROSPERO) as CRD42023386830. Results: Eighteen eligible studies involving 401 animals were included. Ginsenoside Rg1 was significantly correlated with blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, body weight, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg1 in type 2 diabetic animals were not affected by experimental species, modeling, experimental drug dosage, or course of treatment. Conclusion: This meta-analysis presents a summary of the hypoglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rg1, which are achieved through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. These findings provide evidence-based support for the medical efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1. Specifically, ginsenoside Rg1 reduced MDA levels and restored SOD activity to exert its antioxidant activity. It had a positive effect on the reduction of IL-6 and TNF-α levels. However, the inclusion of studies with low methodological quality and the presence of publication bias may undermine the validity of the results. Further investigation with a more rigorous experimental design and comprehensive studies is necessary to fully understand the specific glycemic mechanisms of ginsenosides. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier https://CRD42023386830.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Sun
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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20
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Mustika A, Fatimah N, Safitri I, Susanti N, Noor NS. Clinacanthus nutans L Extracts Reduce the Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Malondialdehyde, and Interleukin-6 Levels and Improve the Langerhans Islet Area in Diabetic Rat Models. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231196462. [PMID: 37694133 PMCID: PMC10492484 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231196462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus-induced hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production, which play a significant role in the damage and apoptosis of pancreatic β cells. Therefore, the administration of medications that can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation plays an important role in diabetes treatment. Objective To probe the Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and the Langerhans islet area in diabetic rat models. Design An experimental laboratory in the animal model. Methods Twenty-five diabetic rat models were randomly assigned into 5 clusters. Clusters 1, 2, and 3 were administered with C. nutans leaf extract in aqueous suspension with vehicle 1% Na-CMC at 75 mg/kg body weight (BW), 150 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW, respectively. Cluster 4 was diabetic control rats administered with metformin at a 21 mg/rat dose. Cluster 5 was a control diabetic rat only administered with 1% Na-CMC suspension. Treatment was administered orally for 14 days. On the 15th day, the rats were sacrificed to obtain blood samples and pancreatic tissues. Serum interleukin (IL)-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Histopathological examination was performed by counting the Langerhans islet areas. Results The average IL-6, MDA, and TNF-α levels declined in the cluster receiving C. nutans extract and were significantly different from the untreated cluster (P < .05). Histopathological examination revealed a significant upsurge in the Langerhans islets area in diabetic rats receiving C. nutans extract at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg (P < .05). Conclusion C. nutans leaf extract reduced the serum MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, and increased the Langerhans islets area in a diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arifa Mustika
- Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurmawati Fatimah
- Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Indri Safitri
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurlaili Susanti
- Biomedical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Shahfiza Noor
- Toxicology Department, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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21
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Musale V, Wasserman DH, Kang L. Extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and metabolic disorders. LIFE METABOLISM 2023; 2:load021. [PMID: 37383542 PMCID: PMC10299575 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Obesity causes extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling which can develop into serious pathology and fibrosis, having metabolic effects in insulin-sensitive tissues. The ECM components may be increased in response to overnutrition. This review will focus on specific obesity-associated molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of ECM remodelling and the impact of specific interactions on tissue metabolism. In obesity, complex network of signalling molecules such as cytokines and growth factors have been implicated in fibrosis. Increased ECM deposition contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance at least in part through activation of cell surface integrin receptors and CD44 signalling cascades. These cell surface receptors transmit signals to the cell adhesome which orchestrates an intracellular response that adapts to the extracellular environment. Matrix proteins, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides interact through ligand-specific cell surface receptors that interact with the cytosolic adhesion proteins to elicit specific actions. Cell adhesion proteins may have catalytic activity or serve as scaffolds. The vast number of cell surface receptors and the complexity of the cell adhesome have made study of their roles challenging in health and disease. Further complicating the role of ECM-cell receptor interactions is the variation between cell types. This review will focus on recent insights gained from studies of two highly conserved, ubiquitously axes and how they contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. These are the collagen-integrin receptor-IPP (ILK-PINCH-Parvin) axis and the hyaluronan-CD44 interaction. We speculate that targeting ECM components or their receptor-mediated cell signalling may provide novel insights into the treatment of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Musale
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - David H. Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Li Kang
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
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22
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Bellaver P, Schneider L, Schaeffer AF, Henrique LR, Camargo JL, Gerchman F, Leitão CB, Rech TH. Diabetes associates with mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: No diabetes paradox in COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18554. [PMID: 37576227 PMCID: PMC10412986 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is not associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients, a phenomenon known as the "diabetes paradox". However, DM is a risk factor for increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the association of DM and stress-induced hyperglycemia at intensive care unit (ICU) with mortality in this population. Methods This is a retrospective study. Electronic medical records from patients admitted from March 2020 to September 2020 were reviewed. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were ICU and hospital mortality and stay, and need for mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy. Results 187 patients were included. Overall mortality was 43.2%, higher in patients with DM (55.7% vs. 34%; p = 0.007), even after adjustment for age, hypertension, and disease severity. When patients were separated into groups, named normoglycemia (without DM and glycemia ≤140 mg/dL), stress-induced hyperglycemia (without DM and glycemia >140 mg/dL), and DM (previous diagnosis or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%), the mortality rate was 25.8%, 37.3%, and 55.7%, respectively (p = 0.021). Mortality was higher in patients with higher glycemic variability. No statistical difference related to secondary outcomes was observed. Conclusions DM, hyperglycemia, and glycemic variability associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19, but did not increase the rates of other clinical outcomes. More than stress-induced hyperglycemia, DM was associated with mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Bellaver
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Schneider
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ariell F. Schaeffer
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lilian Rodrigues Henrique
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joíza Lins Camargo
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Diabetes and Metabolism Group, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Diabetes and Metabolism Group, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane B. Leitão
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Diabetes and Metabolism Group, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana H. Rech
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Diabetes and Metabolism Group, Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Muller CJF. Regeneration of Pancreatic Beta Cells by Modulation of Molecular Targets Using Plant-Derived Compounds: Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6216-6245. [PMID: 37623211 PMCID: PMC10453321 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, increased cell death and loss of beta-cell mass despite chronic treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in developing beta cell-centered therapies. Beta-cell regeneration is mediated by augmented beta-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation of other islet cell types to functional beta-like cells or the reprograming of beta-cell progenitors into fully differentiated beta cells. This mediation is orchestrated by beta-cell differentiation transcription factors and the regulation of the cell cycle machinery. This review investigates the beta-cell regenerative potential of antidiabetic plant extracts and phytochemicals. Various preclinical studies, including in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, are highlighted. Further, the potential regenerative mechanisms and the intra and extracellular mediators that are of significance are discussed. Also, the potential of phytochemicals to translate into regenerative therapies for T2D patients is highlighted, and some suggestions regarding future perspectives are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christo John Fredrick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
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24
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Hajizadeh Tekmeh H, Vanizor Kural B, Kör S, Arıkan Malkoç M, Yuluğ E, Kutlu A, Abidin İ, Orem A. How does l-theanine treatment affect the levels of serum and hippocampal BDNF, insulin and adipocytokines in diabetic rats? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:95-103. [PMID: 37210871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a metabolic disease characterized by the increased blood glucose level, insulin deficiency or ineffectiveness, may cause structural and functional disorders in the brain. l-Theanine (LTN) has the relaxing, psychoactive, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory and antinecrotic properties, and regulates the functions of hippocampus (HP) in brain. In the present study, the aim was to identify the effects LTN on the levels of BDNF, insulin and adipocytokines (TNF-α, leptin, adiponectin and resistin) in both HP and serum of diabetic rats. METHODS 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/group): Control, LTN, DM and DM + LTN. Diabetes was induced by by nicotinamide/streptozotocin. 200 mg/kg/day LTN treatment was applied for 28 days. The serum and hippocampal levels of the parameters were determined by using commercial ELISA kits. Additionally, HP tissues examined histopathologically. RESULTS LTN treatment significantly decreased leptin and adiponectin levels in HP tissues in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Although it decreased the insulin level in both serum and HP, this was not statistically significant. No significant effect on other parameters was observed (p > 0.05). In histopathological analysis, although the damage was reduced by LTN in all sections of HP, this change was significant mainly in CA3 region (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that LTN has the ability to reduce hippocampal degeneration and modulates adipocytokines in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hajizadeh Tekmeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Birgul Vanizor Kural
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Sevil Kör
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Arıkan Malkoç
- Vocational School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Esin Yuluğ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Abdulkadir Kutlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - İsmail Abidin
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Asım Orem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
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25
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Li L, Wang W, Xu Q, Huang M. Asiatic acid improves insulin secretion of β cells in type 2 diabetes through TNF- α/Mfn2 pathway. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:185-194. [PMID: 37283103 PMCID: PMC10409975 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of asiatic acid on β-cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The T2DM model was established by high fat diet and streptozotocin injection in ICR mice, and the effects of asiatic acid on glucose regulation were investigated in model mice. The islets were isolated from palmitic acid-treated diabetic mice. ELISA was used to detect the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. ATP assay was applied to measure ATP production, and Western blotting was used to detect protein expression of mature β cell marker urocortin (Ucn) 3 and mitofusin (Mfn) 2. The regulatory effects of asiatic acid on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and Ucn3 expression were also investigated after siRNA interference with Mfn2 or treatment with TNF-α. RESULTS Asiatic acid with the dose of 25 mg·kg-1·d-1 had the best glycemic control in T2DM mice and improved the homeostasis model assessment β index. Asiatic acid increased the expression of Mfn2 and Ucn3 protein and improved the GSIS function of diabetic β cells in vitro and in vivo (both P<0.05). Moreover, it improved the ATP production of islets of T2DM mice in vitro (P<0.05). Interfering Mfn2 with siRNA blocked the up-regulation of Ucn3 and GSIS induced by asiatic acid. Asiatic acid inhibited islet TNF-α content and increased Mfn2 and Ucn3 protein expression inhibited by TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Asiatic acid improves β cell insulin secretion function in T2DM mice by maintaining the β cell maturity, which may be related to the TNF-α/Mfn2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Intensive Critical Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Mingzhu Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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26
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Li C, Zhu J, Wei S, Ye X, Yang L, Wang Z, Chen Y. Intermittent protein restriction improves glucose homeostasis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats and single-cell sequencing reveals distinct changes in β cells. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109275. [PMID: 36669706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is caused by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors, therefore changes of lifestyle and dietary patterns are the most common practices for diabetes intervention. Protein restriction and caloric restriction have been shown to improve diabetic hyperglycemia in both animal models and humans. We report here the effectiveness of intermittent protein restriction (IPR) for the intervention of diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Administration of IPR significantly reduced hyperglycemia and decreased glucose production in the liver. IPR protected pancreatic islets from diabetes-mediated damages as well as elevated the number and the proliferation activity of β cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing performed with isolated islets from the ZDF rats revealed that IPR was able to reverse the diabetes-associated β cell dedifferentiation. In addition, diabetic β cells in ZDF rats were associated with increased expressions of islet amyloid polypeptide, chromogranin and genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress. A β cell dedifferentiation marker Cd81 was also increased in the β cells of diabetic rats. In contrast, the expressions of D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor Dbp and immediate-early response genes were reduced in the diabetic β cells. In conclusion, these results indicated that IPR is effective in glycemic control and β cell protection in a diabetic rat model. In addition, diabetes in ZDF rats is associated with changes in the expression of genes involved in many facets of β cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Siying Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanzexin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zinan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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27
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Sehrawat A, Mishra J, Mastana SS, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH, Bhatti JS. Dysregulated autophagy: A key player in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166666. [PMID: 36791919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is essential in regulating the turnover of macromolecules via removing damaged organelles, misfolded proteins in various tissues, including liver, skeletal muscles, and adipose tissue to maintain the cellular homeostasis. In these tissues, a specific type of autophagy maintains the accumulation of lipid droplets which is directly related to obesity and the development of insulin resistance. It appears to play a protective role in a normal physiological environment by eliminating the invading pathogens, protein aggregates, and damaged organelles and generating energy and new building blocks by recycling the cellular components. Ageing is also a crucial modulator of autophagy process. During stress conditions involving nutrient deficiency, lipids excess, hypoxia etc., autophagy serves as a pro-survival mechanism by recycling the free amino acids to maintain the synthesis of proteins. The dysregulated autophagy has been found in several ageing associated diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. So, targeting autophagy can be a promising therapeutic strategy against the progression to diabetes related complications. Our article provides a comprehensive outline of understanding of the autophagy process, including its types, mechanisms, regulation, and role in the pathophysiology of T2DM and related complications. We also explored the significance of autophagy in the homeostasis of β-cells, insulin resistance (IR), clearance of protein aggregates such as islet amyloid polypeptide, and various insulin-sensitive tissues. This will further pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sehrawat
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Jayapriya Mishra
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sarabjit Singh Mastana
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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28
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Dludla PV, Mabhida SE, Ziqubu K, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Hanser S, Basson AK, Pheiffer C, Kengne AP. Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:130-146. [PMID: 37035220 PMCID: PMC10075035 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are major pathological mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Beyond the detrimental effects of insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress have emerged as critical features of T2D that define β-cell dysfunction. Predominant markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1β are consistently associated with β-cell failure in preclinical models and in people with T2D. Similarly, important markers of oxidative stress, such as increased reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular antioxidants, are consistent with pancreatic β-cell damage in conditions of T2D. Such effects illustrate a pathological relationship between an abnormal inflammatory response and generation of oxidative stress during the progression of T2D. The current review explores preclinical and clinical research on the patho-logical implications of inflammation and oxidative stress during the development of β-cell dysfunction in T2D. Moreover, important molecular mechanisms and relevant biomarkers involved in this process are discussed to divulge a pathological link between inflammation and oxidative stress during β-cell failure in T2D. Underpinning the clinical relevance of the review, a systematic analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials is covered, on the potential therapeutic effects of some commonly used antidiabetic agents in modulating inflammatory makers to improve β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Albert Kotze Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
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29
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Subash-Babu P, Abdulaziz AlSedairy S, Abdulaziz Binobead M, Alshatwi AA. Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside Protects RIN-5F Cells from High-Glucose-Induced Toxicity, Improves Glucose Homeostasis in L6 Myotubes, and Prevents Onset of Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020269. [PMID: 36837888 PMCID: PMC9965038 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside (lut-7-O-rutin), a flavonoid commonly present in Mentha longifolia L. and Olea europaea L. leaves has been used as a flavoring agent with some biological activity. The present study is the first attempt to analyze the protective effect of lut-7-O-rutin on high-glucose-induced toxicity to RIN-5F cells in vitro. We found that lut-7-O-rutin improved insulin secretion in both normal and high-glucose conditions in a dose-dependent manner, without toxicity observed. In addition, 20 µmol of lut-7-O-rutin improves insulin sensitization and glucose uptake significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in L6 myotubes cultured in a high-glucose medium. Lut-7-O-rutin has shown a significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on glucose uptake in L6 myotubes compared to the reference drug, rosiglitazone (20 µmol). Gene expression analysis confirmed significantly lowered CYP1A, TNF-α, and NF-κb expressions in RIN-5F cells, and increased mitochondrial thermogenesis-related LPL, Ucp-1 and PPARγC1A mRNA expressions in L6 myotubes after 24 h of lut-7-O-rutin treatment. The levels of signaling proteins associated with intracellular glucose uptakes, such as cAMP, ChREBP-1, and AMPK, were significantly increased in L6 myotubes. In addition, the levels of the conversion rate of glucose to lactate and fatty acids were raised in insulin-stimulated conditions; the rate of glycerol conversion was found to be higher at the basal level in L6 myotubes. In conclusion, lut-7-O-rutin protects RIN-5F cells from high-glucose-induced toxicity, stimulates insulin secretion, and promotes glucose absorption and homeostasis via molecular mechanisms.
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Yang W, Jiao H, Xue Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang B, Teng Z, Li J, Zhao H, Liu C. A Meta-Analysis of the Influence on Inflammatory Factors in Type 2 Diabetes among Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients by Various Exercise Modalities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1783. [PMID: 36767149 PMCID: PMC9914443 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various exercise modalities on inflammatory factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (MEPT2D), as lifestyle changes, such as physical activity and dietary modifications, are considered important in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. For the study methodology, Pubmed, CNKI, EBSCO, Wanfang Data, and Web of Science were selected for the search. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool, and statistically analyzed using the RevMan 5.4.1 analysis software, which included 18 investigations involving 853 study subjects. Meta-analysis findings indicated that aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), combined training (CT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) showed significant reductions in CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in MEPT2D. Among them, HIIT was superior to other training modalities in reducing TNF-α levels, while CT was superior to AT, RT, and HIIT in decreasing IL-6, IL-10, and CRP in MEPT2D. Meanwhile, RT had limited effects in reducing CRP and TNF-α levels in MEPT2D. However, HIIT had no significant effect on IL-6 and IL-10 in MEPT2D. In conclusion, long-term regular AT, RT, CT, and HIIT all contributed to the reduction of inflammatory status (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) in MEPT2D, while CT (for CRP, IL-6, and IL-10) and HIIT (for TNF-α) represent the best approaches to counteract the inflammatory response in MEPT2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Yang
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haotian Jiao
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yizhang Xue
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lishuo Wang
- School of Management Engineering and E-Commerce, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Tourism Management, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Teng
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junyan Li
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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Frørup C, Gerwig R, Svane CAS, Mendes Lopes de Melo J, Henriksen K, Fløyel T, Pociot F, Kaur S, Størling J. Characterization of the functional and transcriptomic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on human EndoC-βH5 beta cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1128523. [PMID: 37113489 PMCID: PMC10126300 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1128523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective EndoC-βH5 is a newly established human beta-cell model which may be superior to previous model systems. Exposure of beta cells to pro-inflammatory cytokines is widely used when studying immune-mediated beta-cell failure in type 1 diabetes. We therefore performed an in-depth characterization of the effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. Methods The sensitivity profile of EndoC-βH5 cells to the toxic effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was examined in titration and time-course experiments. Cell death was evaluated by caspase-3/7 activity, cytotoxicity, viability, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting. Activation of signaling pathways and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I expression were examined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Insulin and chemokine secretion were measured by ELISA and Meso Scale Discovery multiplexing electrochemiluminescence, respectively. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by extracellular flux technology. Global gene expression was characterized by stranded RNA sequencing. Results Cytokines increased caspase-3/7 activity and cytotoxicity in EndoC-βH5 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The proapoptotic effect of cytokines was primarily driven by IFNγ signal transduction. Cytokine exposure induced MHC-I expression and chemokine production and secretion. Further, cytokines caused impaired mitochondrial function and diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Finally, we report significant changes to the EndoC-βH5 transcriptome including upregulation of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and non-coding RNAs, in response to cytokines. Among the differentially expressed genes were several type 1 diabetes risk genes. Conclusion Our study provides detailed insight into the functional and transcriptomic effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. This information should be useful for future studies using this novel beta-cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Frørup
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Rebekka Gerwig
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Joana Mendes Lopes de Melo
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kristine Henriksen
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Joachim Størling,
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Li L, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Meng X, Pan G, Zhang H, Li Y, Zhang B. The Molecular Basis of the Anti-Inflammatory Property of Astragaloside IV for the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Complications. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:771-790. [PMID: 36925998 PMCID: PMC10013573 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s399423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix is a significant traditional Chinese medication, and has a long history of clinical application in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. AS-IV is an active saponin isolated from it. Modern pharmacological study shows that AS-IV has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The popular inflammatory etiology of diabetes suggests that DM is a natural immune and low-grade inflammatory disease. Pharmacological intervention of the inflammatory response may provide promising and alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of DM and its complications. Therefore, this article focuses on the potential of AS-IV in the treatment of DM from the perspective of an anti-inflammatory molecular basis. AS-IV plays a role by regulating a variety of anti-inflammatory pathways in multiple organs, tissues and target cells throughout the body. The blockade of the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway may be the central link of AS-IV's anti-inflammatory effect, resulting in a reduction in the tissue structure and function damage stimulated by inflammatory factors. In addition, AS-IV can delay the onset of DM and its complications by inhibiting inflammation-related oxidative stress, fibrosis and apoptosis signals. In conclusion, AS-IV has therapeutic prospects from the perspective of reducing the inflammation of DM and its complications. An in-depth study on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of AS-IV is of great significance for the effective use of Chinese herbal medicine and the promotion of its status and influence on the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudan Luo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Meng
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300250, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Boli Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
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Banu S, Sur D. Role of Macrophage in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Macrophage Polarization a New Paradigm for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:2-11. [PMID: 35786198 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220630093359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus are usually associated with meta-inflammation. β-cell failure is a marked feature observed in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous situation that is accompanied by not only defective insulin secretion but also peripheral insulin resistance. β-cells are the primary organ for insulin secretion; hence, it is crucial to maintain a significant β-cell mass in response to a variety of changes. Insulin resistance is a chief cause of T2DM, leading to increased free fatty acid (FFA) levels, which in turn elevates β-cell mass and insulin secretion as compensation for insulin insensitivity. It has recently been established that amplified numbers of innate immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines result in detrimental effects on islets in chronic conditions. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is the lymphokine that prevents arbitrary migration of macrophages and assembles macrophages at inflammatory loci. Inflammation is known to trigger monocytes to differentiate into macrophages. Progress of complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as indicated through recent findings, is also dependent on the buildup of macrophages in tissues vulnerable to diabetic injury. The present article scientifically evaluates the present knowledge concerning the mechanisms of monocyte and macrophage-mediated injury recruitment in complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also describes some of the established and experimental therapies that might bring about a reduction in these inflammatory complications. Recent discoveries in the field of drug delivery have facilitated phenotype-specific targeting of macrophages. This review highlights the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, how macrophage induces type 2 diabetes mellitus and potential therapeutics for type 2 diabetes mellitus via macrophage-specific delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmin Banu
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 157/F Nilgunaj Road, Panihati, Kolkata 700114, India
| | - Debjeet Sur
- Division of Pharmacology, Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 157/F Nilgunaj Road, Panihati, Kolkata 700114, India
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Liu P, Maharjan R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xu C, Geng Y, Miao J. Association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of endometriosis: A population-based analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1077915. [PMID: 36923699 PMCID: PMC10008869 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1077915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in the etiology of endometriosis, which might be affected by dietary intake. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of endometriosis. Methods A cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006) was conducted on 3,410 American participants, among whom 265 reported a diagnosis of endometriosis. DII scores were calculated based on the dietary questionnaire. The association of DII scores with endometriosis was evaluated by adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyzes, which were further investigated in the subgroups. Results In the fully adjusted models, the odds ratio (OR) for endometriosis participants in the highest and middle tertiles of DII scores were 1.57 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-2.17] and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.84-1.65), compared to the lowest tertile (P trend = 0.007). In subgroup analyzes, the significant positive association between DII scores and the endometriosis risk was also observed in non-obese women (ORtertile3vs1: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.12-2.55; P trend = 0.012), women without diabetes (ORtertile3vs1: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.16-2.27; P trend = 0.005), women with hypertension (ORtertile3vs1: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.31-3.87; P trend = 0.003), parous women (ORtertile3vs1: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.11-2.17; P trend = 0.011), and women using oral contraceptives (ORtertile3vs1: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.15-2.30; P trend = 0.006). Conclusion This nationally representative study found that increased intake of the pro-inflammatory diet, as a higher DII score, was positively associated with endometriosis risk among American adults. Our results suggested anti-inflammatory dietary interventions may be promising in the prevention of endometriosis. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglin Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rashmi Maharjan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqin Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuning Geng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwei Miao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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RNA binding protein HuD mediates the crosstalk between β cells and islet endothelial cells by the regulation of Endostatin and Serpin E1 expression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1019. [PMID: 36470872 PMCID: PMC9722926 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA binding protein HuD plays essential roles in gene expression by regulating RNA metabolism, and its dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Here, we explored HuD-mediated differential expression of secretory proteins in mouse insulinoma βTC6 cells using a cytokine array. Endostatin and Serpin E1 that play anti-angiogenic roles were identified as differentially expressed proteins by HuD. HuD knockdown increased the expression of α chain of collagen XVIII (Col18a1), a precursor form of endostatin, and Serpin E1 by associating with the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of Col18a1 and Serpin E1 mRNAs. Reporter analysis revealed that HuD knockdown increased the translation of EGFP reporters containing 3'UTRs of Col18a1 and Serpin E1 mRNAs, which suggests the role of HuD as a translational repressor. Co-cultures of βTC6 cells and pancreatic islet endothelial MS1 cells were used to assess the crosstalk between β cells and islet endothelial cells, and the results showed that HuD downregulation in βTC6 cells inhibited the growth and migration of MS1 cells. Ectopic expression of HuD decreased Col18a1 and Serpin E1 expression, while increasing the markers of islet vascular cells in the pancreas of db/db mice. Taken together, these results suggest that HuD has the potential to regulate the crosstalk between β cells and islet endothelial cells by regulating Endostatin and Serpin E1 expression, thereby contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis in the islet microenvironment.
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Liu Y, Wang W, Zou Z, Sun B, Liang B, Zhang A. Association and risk of circulating inflammatory markers with hyperglycemia in coal-burning arsenicosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114208. [PMID: 36279635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence support a significant relationship between exposure to arsenic and diabetes. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association and risk of circulating inflammatory mediators with hyperglycemia in coal-induced arsenicosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the typical coal-burning area in which arsenicosis is endemic in Xingren County, Guizhou, China. A total of 299 arsenicosis subjects and 137 non-arsenic exposed volunteers were recruited for the present study. Participant's hyperglycemia-related parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment for both insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), as well as circulating inflammatory biomarkers i.e., Interleukins-1β (IL-1β), IL- 2, IL - 6, IL-10, IL- 17, IL-18 and TNF-α), were determined and analyzed after completing questionnaire investigation and physical examination. RESULTS The results clearly showed that coal-burning arsenic exposure was significantly associated with hyperglycemia-related outcomes. Specifically, arsenicosis subjects from the coal-burning endemic area showed a higher level of FBG (median 5.87 mmol/L vs. 4.65 mmol/L) and increased prevalence of hyperglycemia (26.76% vs.16.79%) than reference subjects from the non-arsenic endemic area. Increased HOMA-IR (median 1.93 vs.1.44) and declined HOMA-β (median 96.23 vs. 84.91) were also noted in arsenicosis subjects. Moreover, arsenic exposure was significantly associated with the increased risk of hyperglycemia (adjusted OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.37,3.93). In addition, a positive association between arsenic exposure and inflammatory response was observed, and the alteration in circulating inflammatory markers were found to be significantly associated with hyperglycemia-related parameters. Meanwhile, there was a positive relationship between elevated circulating IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, as well as decreased IL-10 and the increasing risk of arsenic-induced hyperglycemia [adjusted OR = 2.19 (95% CI: 1.26, 3.13);1.13 (95%CI: 1.08, 1.37); 1.19 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.56); 1.15(95% CI: 1.05, 1.36); respectively]. Path analysis further revealed that the mediating effect of IL-1β and IL-18 on the relationship between arsenic exposure and hyperglycemia was closely associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, while those of IL-6 and IL-10 on the association between arsenic exposure and hyperglycemia were partially through insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS This population-based study indicated that arsenic exposure has a clear disruptive effect on glucose homeostasis, and an elevated inflammatory response was implicated in the risk of arsenic-induced hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonglan Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baofei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
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Hughes FM, Odom MR, Cervantes A, Purves J. Inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical driver of diabetic bladder dysfunction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:920487. [PMID: 36505062 PMCID: PMC9733912 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.920487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a rapidly expanding epidemic projected to affect as many as 1 in 3 Americans by 2050. This disease is characterized by devastating complications brought about high glucose and metabolic derangement. The most common of these complications is diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) and estimates suggest that 50-80% of patients experience this disorder. Unfortunately, the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study suggests that strict glucose control does not decrease ones risk for incontinence, although it does decrease the risk of other complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Thus, there is a significant unmet need to better understand DBD in order to develop targeted therapies to alleviate patient suffering. Recently, the research community has come to understand that diabetes produces a systemic state of low-level inflammation known as meta-inflammation and attention has focused on a role for the sterile inflammation-inducing structure known as the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we will examine the evidence that NLRP3 plays a central role in inducing DBD and driving its progression towards an underactive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M. Hughes
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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The Role of Galectin 3 in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus: Focus on Β-Cell Function and Survival. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2022-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Galectin 3 is a lectin expressed in many tissues with a significant biological role in physiological and pathological processes. Our review aims to sublimate the effects of galectin 3 on the β-cells function and survival. Data about the effect of galectin 3 on β- cells are scarce and contradictory. Several studies have shown that reduced activity of the galectin 3 gene reduces the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in an experimental model of diabetes in galectin 3 deficient mice. On the other side, in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes with mice with selectively enhanced expression of galectin 3 in β-cells, was shown that increased expression of this lectin has a protective role. Unlike type 1 diabetes where the autoimmune process plays a dominant role in pathogenesis, the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is multifactorial. One of the main factors which contribute to type 2 diabetes, the insulin resistance, is related to the concentration of soluble galectin 3. The effect of galectin 3 is very important for β-cell function. When a harmful factor acts on a β-cell, its intracellular concentration increases to preserve the function of β-cells and prevent their apoptosis, by blocking the internal path of apoptosis. However, excessive accumulation of galectin 3 inside the cell leads to its secretion, which encourages tissue inflammation. Based on all the above, galectin 3 has a double effect on β-cells.
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MicroRNA-146: Biomarker and Mediator of Cardiovascular Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7767598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the prime cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although noticeable progress has been made in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, there is still a critical demand for new diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic interventions to reduce this disease incidence. Many investigations have been conducted on the regulatory effects of microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. miRNA circulating serum level changes are correlated with several CVDs. In addition, there is growing evidence representing the potential role of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for CVD. Preliminary studies identified the prominent role of miR-146 in host defense, innate immunity, and different immunological diseases by regulating cytokine production and innate immunity modification in bacterial infections. However, more recently, it was also associated with CVD development. miR-146 has received much attention, with positive results in most studies. Research demonstrated the crucial role of this molecule in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease and related mechanisms. As a result, many potential applications of miR-146 are expected. In this paper, we provide an overview of recent studies highlighting the role of miR-146 in CVD, focusing on CAD (coronary artery disease), cardiomyopathy, and MI (myocardial infarction) in particular and discussing its current scientific state, and use a prognostic biomarker as a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases.
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Zhou J, Liu X, Chou OHI, Li L, Lee S, Wong WT, Zhang Q, Chang C, Liu T, Tse G, Jing F, Cheung BMY. Lower risk of gout in sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors in type-2 diabetes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:1501-1510. [PMID: 36066415 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) on the risk of new-onset gout remains unknown. This study aims to compare the effects of SGLT2I against DPP4I on gout risks. METHODS This was a retrospective population-based cohort study of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus treated with SGLT2I or DPP4I between January 1st, 2015 and December 31st, 2020 in Hong Kong. The study outcomes are new-onset gout and all-cause mortality. Propensity score matching (1:1 ratio) between SGLT2I and DPP4I was performed. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis models were conducted. Competing risks models and multiple approaches based on the propensity score were applied. RESULTS This study included 43201 patients (median age: 63.23 years old [Interquantile range, IQR]: 55.21-71.95, 53.74% males; SGLTI group: n = 16144; DPP4I group: n = 27057) with a median follow-up of 5.59 years (IQR: 5.27-5.81 years) since initial drug exposure. The incidence rate of developing gout (Incidence rate [IR]: 2.5; 95% CI: 2.2-2.9) among SGLT2I users was significantly lower than DPP4I users (IR: 5.2; 95% CI: 4.8-5.8). SGLT2 was associated with 51% lower risks of gout (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.42-0.58; P-value < 0.0001) and 51% lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.42-0.58; P-value < 0.0001) after adjusting for significant demographics, past comorbidities, medications, and laboratory results. The results remained consistent on competing risk and other propensity score approaches. CONCLUSIONS SGLT2I use was associated with lower risks of new gout diagnosis compared with DPP4I use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Zhou
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Diabetes Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China, UK Collaboration
| | - Xuejin Liu
- School of Educational Science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou, China
| | - Oscar Hou-In Chou
- School of Educational Science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou, China.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lifang Li
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharen Lee
- Diabetes Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China, UK Collaboration
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingpeng Zhang
- School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carlin Chang
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Gary Tse
- Diabetes Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China, UK Collaboration.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.,Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Fengshi Jing
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Project-China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bernard Man Yung Cheung
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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4-OI Protects MIN6 Cells from Oxidative Stress Injury by Reducing LDHA-Mediated ROS Generation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091236. [PMID: 36139075 PMCID: PMC9496514 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells are highly susceptible to oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in diabetes outcomes. Progress has been slow to identify molecules that could be utilized to enhance cell survival and function under oxidative stress. Itaconate, a byproduct of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The effects of itaconate on beta cells under oxidative stress are relatively unknown. We explored the effects of 4-octyl itaconate—a cell-permeable derivative of itaconate—on MIN6 (a beta cell model) under oxidative stress conditions caused by hypoxia, along with its mechanism of action. Treatment with 4-OI reversed hypoxia-induced cell death, reduced ROS production, and inhibited cell death pathway activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion in MIN6 cells. The 4-OI treatment also suppressed lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA)activity, which increases under hypoxia. Treatment of cells with the ROS scavenger NAC and LDHA-specific inhibitor FX-11 reproduced the beneficial effects of 4-OI on MIN6 cell viability under oxidative stress conditions, confirming its role in regulating ROS production. Conversely, overexpression of LDHA reduced the beneficial effects exerted by 4-OI on cells. Our findings provide a strong rationale for using 4-OI to prevent the death of MIN6 cells under oxidative stress.
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Scheithauer TP, Herrema H, Yu H, Bakker GJ, Winkelmeijer M, Soukhatcheva G, Dai D, Ma C, Havik SR, Balvers M, Davids M, Meijnikman AS, Aydin Ö, van den Born BJH, Besselink MG, Busch OR, de Brauw M, van de Laar A, Belzer C, Stahl M, de Vos WM, Vallance BA, Nieuwdorp M, Verchere CB, van Raalte DH. Gut-derived bacterial flagellin induces beta-cell inflammation and dysfunction. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2111951. [PMID: 35984746 PMCID: PMC9397137 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are caused by failure of pancreatic beta cells. The role of the gut microbiota in T2D has been studied, but causal links remain enigmatic. Obese individuals with or without T2D were included from two independent Dutch cohorts. Human data were translated in vitro and in vivo by using pancreatic islets from C57BL6/J mice and by injecting flagellin into obese mice. Flagellin is part of the bacterial locomotor appendage flagellum, present in gut bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae, which we show to be more abundant in the gut of individuals with T2D. Subsequently, flagellin induces a pro-inflammatory response in pancreatic islets mediated by the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-5 expressed on resident islet macrophages. This inflammatory response is associated with beta-cell dysfunction, characterized by reduced insulin gene expression, impaired proinsulin processing and stress-induced insulin hypersecretion in vitro and in vivo in mice. We postulate that increased systemically disseminated flagellin in T2D is a contributing factor to beta-cell failure in time and represents a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten P.M. Scheithauer
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,CONTACT Torsten P.M. Scheithauer Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, AZ1105The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Guido J. Bakker
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Winkelmeijer
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Galina Soukhatcheva
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine & Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Derek Dai
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine & Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Caixia Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stefan R. Havik
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Balvers
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham S. Meijnikman
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ömrüm Aydin
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert-Jan H. van den Born
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc G. Besselink
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier R. Busch
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maurits de Brauw
- Department of Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Stahl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C. Bruce Verchere
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Molecular Medicine & Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniël H. van Raalte
- Department of (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Macrophages and neutrophils are necessary for ER stress-induced β cell loss. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111255. [PMID: 36001973 PMCID: PMC9444341 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces islet inflammation and β cell loss. How islet inflammation contributes to β cell loss remains uncertain. We have reported previously that chronic overnutrition-induced ER stress in β cells causes Ripk3-mediated islet inflammation, macrophage recruitment, and a reduction of β cell numbers in a zebrafish model. We show here that β cell loss results from the intricate communications among β cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Macrophage-derived Tnfa induces cxcl8a in β cells. Cxcl8a, in turn, attracts neutrophils to macrophage-contacted “hotspots” where β cell loss occurs. We also show potentiation of chemokine expression in stressed mammalian β cells by macrophage-derived TNFA. In Akita and db/db mice, there is an increase in CXCL15-positive β cells and intra-islet neutrophils. Blocking neutrophil recruitment in Akita mice preserves β cell mass and slows diabetes progression. These results reveal an important role of neutrophils in persistent ER stress-induced β cell loss. Yang et al. show a pivotal role of communications among β cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in chronic overnutrition-induced loss of pancreatic β cells in a diabetes-prone zebrafish model.
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Tan Y, Zhang X, Cheang WS. Isoflavones daidzin and daidzein inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Chin Med 2022; 17:95. [PMID: 35974408 PMCID: PMC9380348 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation contributes to various diseases and soybeans and legumes are shown to reduce inflammation. However, the bioactive ingredients involved and mechanisms are not completely known. We hypothesized that soy isoflavones daidzin and daidzein exhibit anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cell model and that activation mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways may mediate the effect. Methods Cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) level were determined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Griess reagent respectively. ELISA kits and Western blotting respectively assessed the generations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and protein expressions of signaling molecules. p65 nuclear translocation was determined by immunofluorescence assay. Results The in vitro results showed that both isoflavones did not affect cell viability at the concentrations being tested and significantly reduced levels of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inflammatory indicators such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells. Daidzin and daidzein partially suppressed MAPK signaling pathways, reducing the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK; whilst phosphorylation of JNK was mildly but not significantly decreased. For the involvement of NF-κB signaling pathways, daidzin only reduced the phosphorylation of p65 whereas daidzein effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκBα and p65. Daidzin and daidzein inhibited p65 nuclear translocation, comparable with dexamethasone (positive control). Conclusion This study supports the anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavones daidzin and daidzein, which were at least partially mediated through inactivation of MAPK and/or NF-κB signaling pathways in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xutao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Yusuf AP, Zhang JY, Li JQ, Muhammad A, Abubakar MB. Herbal medications and natural products for patients with covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: Potentials and challenges. PHYTOMEDICINE PLUS : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 2:100280. [PMID: 35463625 PMCID: PMC9014648 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among COVID-19 patients is associated with increased hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Evidence has shown that hyperglycemia potentiates SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection and plays a central role in severe COVID-19 and diabetes comorbidity. In this review, we explore the therapeutic potentials of herbal medications and natural products in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity and the challenges associated with the preexisting or concurrent use of these substances. METHODS Research papers that were published from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Papers reporting clinical evidence of antidiabetic activities and any available evidence of the anti-COVID-19 potential of ten selected natural products were retrieved and analyzed for discussion in this review. RESULTS A total of 548 papers (73 clinical trials on the antidiabetic activities of the selected natural products and 475 research and review articles on their anti-COVID-19 potential) were retrieved from the literature search for further analysis. A total of 517 articles (reviews and less relevant research papers) were excluded. A cumulative sum of thirty-one (31) research papers (20 clinical trials and 10 others) met the criteria and have been discussed in this review. CONCLUSION The findings of this review suggest that phenolic compounds are the most promising phytochemicals in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity. Curcumin and propolis have shown substantial evidence against COVID-19 and DM in humans and are thus, considered the best potential therapeutic options.
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Key Words
- 8-OHDG, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine
- ACE2
- ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- ADMA, asymmetric de-methyl-arginine
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- COVID-19
- Comorbidity
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- Diabetes
- FBS, fasting blood sugar
- GLUT-4, glucose transporter-4
- GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- Herbal medication
- IAPP, islet amyloid polypeptide
- IFN, interferon
- IFNAR2, interferon-alpha receptor 2
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Mpro, main protease
- Natural products
- PLpro, papain-like protease
- PON1, paraoxonase-1
- RBD, receptor-binding domain
- RCT, randomized control trial
- RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
- SFJDC, Shufeng Jiedu Capsule
- T1D, type 1 diabetes
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine 2
- hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Pharmacy Yusuf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Quan Li
- The first Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810107, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Wiedemann SJ, Trimigliozzi K, Dror E, Meier DT, Molina-Tijeras JA, Rachid L, Le Foll C, Magnan C, Schulze F, Stawiski M, Häuselmann SP, Méreau H, Böni-Schnetzler M, Donath MY. The cephalic phase of insulin release is modulated by IL-1β. Cell Metab 2022; 34:991-1003.e6. [PMID: 35750050 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The initial cephalic phase of insulin secretion is mediated through the vagus nerve and is not due to glycemic stimulation of pancreatic β cells. Recently, IL-1β was shown to stimulate postprandial insulin secretion. Here, we describe that this incretin-like effect of IL-1β involves neuronal transmission. Furthermore, we found that cephalic phase insulin release was mediated by IL-1β originating from microglia. Moreover, IL-1β activated the vagus nerve to induce insulin secretion and regulated the activity of the hypothalamus in response to cephalic stimulation. Notably, cephalic phase insulin release was impaired in obesity, in both mice and humans, and in mice, this was due to dysregulated IL-1β signaling. Our findings attribute a regulatory role to IL-1β in the integration of nutrient-derived sensory information, subsequent neuronally mediated insulin secretion, and the dysregulation of autonomic cephalic phase responses in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia J Wiedemann
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kelly Trimigliozzi
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erez Dror
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Meier
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jose Alberto Molina-Tijeras
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leila Rachid
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Le Foll
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Friederike Schulze
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Stawiski
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie P Häuselmann
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Méreau
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Böni-Schnetzler
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Heris HV, Zahraei Z. miRNAs: Regulators of immune system in diabetes. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2022; 790:108442. [PMID: 36089265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2022.108442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes, one of the most common multifactorial metabolic disorders, is a jeopardizing cause of human health worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that have been contributed to the regulation of gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. The potential role of miRNAs has been studied in the most of biological processes and mechanisms underlying the progression of variety diseases including diabetes. In this review, we focus on the role of miRNAs in regulating pivotal molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with immune system that progress diabetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helaleh Vaezi Heris
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Zahraei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Iran.
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Hu X, Liu Q, Guo X, Wang W, Yu B, Liang B, Zhou Y, Dong H, Lin J. The role of remnant cholesterol beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:117. [PMID: 35761281 PMCID: PMC9238255 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has linked elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and remnant cholesterol (RC) with diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study aims to estimate the RC-related DM risk beyond LDL-C, and to investigate the extent to which the association of RC and DM is mediated via insulin resistance and inflammation. METHODS We enrolled 7308 individuals without previous history of DM into the present study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Fasting RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Subjects were divided into four groups according to their LDL-C (100 mg/dL) and RC (24 mg/dL) levels to evaluate the role of LDL-C vs. RC on DM. A logistic regression analysis was then employed to evaluate the relationships between the discordant/concordant LDL-C and RC and DM. A mediation analysis was undertaken to identify potential mediators. RESULTS Of all the participants, a total of 625 (8.55%) patients were newly diagnosed with DM. Compared to the high LDL-C/low RC group, the low LDL-C/high RC group was more common in DM patients. After a multivariate adjustment, elevated LDL-C and RC were associated with DM. Moreover, the low LDL-C/high RC group and the high LDL-C/low RC group manifested a 4.04-fold (95% CI 2.93-5.56) and 1.61-fold (95% CI 1.21-2.15) higher risk of DM, relative to those with low LDL-C/low RC. The subgroup analysis indicated that low LDL-C/high RC was more likely to be related to DM in females. Similar results were also shown when the sensitivity analyses were performed with different clinical cut-points of LDL-C. Insulin resistance and inflammation partially mediated the association between RC and DM. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided evidence for RC beyond the LDL-C associations with DM that may be mediated via insulin resistance and the pro-inflammatory state. In addition, women are more susceptible to RC exposure-related DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qunzhi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyuan Guo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Weimian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingyan Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Beijia Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Haojian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jijin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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The purinergic signalling and inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes: key factors and therapeutic targets. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:759-770. [PMID: 35648156 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an important chronic disease around the world, and according to the World Health Organization, it is the 9th principal cause of global death. This pathology is characterized by high levels of circulating glucose as a result of insulin resistance, and it is well stated that inflammation related to obesity is directly associated with the development of the disease. The purinergic signalling is involved in both pancreatic destruction, which impairs insulin secretion, and the cytokine production that favors insulin resistance in T2DM. In this review, the purinergic signalling aspects will be discussed, showing the impact of the enzymes, nucleotides, nucleosides, and receptors of this system and the cytokines that result in inflammation, in the development and progression of T2DM, besides, pointing the purinergic receptors as a possible therapeutic approach.
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Establishment and Verification of a Gene Signature for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetics by WGCNA, LASSO Analysis, and In Vitro Experiments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4446342. [PMID: 35655479 PMCID: PMC9152403 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4446342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes are increasing with age. Nevertheless, there is lack of sensitive diagnostic tools and effective therapeutic regimens. We aimed to establish and verify a practical and valid diagnostic tool for this disease. Methods WGCNA was presented on the expression profiling of type 2 diabetic and normal islets in combined GSE25724 and GSE38642 datasets. By LASSO Cox regression analyses, a gene signature was constructed based on the genes in diabetes-related modules. ROC curves were plotted for assessing the diagnostic efficacy. Correlations between the genes and immune cell infiltration and pathways were analyzed. BST2 and BTBD1 expression was verified in glucotoxicity-induced and normal islet β cells. The influence of BST2 on β cell dysfunction was investigated under si-BST2 transfection. Results Totally, 14 coexpression modules were constructed, and red and cyan modules displayed the correlations to diabetes. The LASSO gene signature (BST2, BTBD1, IFIT1, IFIT3, and RTP4) was developed. The AUCs in the combined datasets and GSE20966 dataset were separately 0.914 and 0.910, confirming the excellent performance in diagnosing type 2 diabetes. Each gene in the model was distinctly correlated to immune cell infiltration and key signaling pathways (TGF-β and P53, etc.). The abnormal expression of BST2 and BTBD1 was confirmed in glucotoxicity-induced β cells. BST2 knockdown ameliorated β cell dysfunction and altered the activation of TGF-β and P53 pathways. Conclusion Our findings propose a gene signature with high efficacy to diagnose type 2 diabetes, which could assist and improve early diagnosis and therapy.
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