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Vincent JB. Is chromium(III) supplementation beneficial for dietary rodent models of prediabetes? J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 85:127482. [PMID: 38861777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Chromium as the trivalent ion is believed to pharmaceutically active, increasing insulin sensitivity in high doses in genetic rodent models of diabetes. However, contradictory results have been obtained chemical rodent models of diabetes. The current review analyses the effects of dietary Cr supplementation of rodent models of prediabetes, where the condition is administered using a high-fat or high-sugar diet. Rat model studies display a range of quality, with studies utilizing basal diets of known Cr content suggesting Cr beneficially affects insulin sensitivity. Mouse model studies display too much heterogeneity in results for any firm conclusions to be drawn. Comparison of these results with those of clinical trials suggest that the effective dose of Cr may be proportionally lower for rodents than humans, if one exists for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA.
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2
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Vincent JB. Is chromium(III) pharmacologically relevant? An update focused on studies with diabetic rodent models. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127453. [PMID: 38653006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
A decade ago, the author assessed the status of chromium as the trivalent ion as an essential element and as a therapeutic agent based on rodent studies for this journal. The current review was undertaken to update considerations regarding the status of chromium, focusing on studies of Cr supplementation of diabetic rodent models over the last decade. Cr can no longer be considered an essential trace element for humans. Observed effects of Cr on rodent models of insulin resistance and diabetes are best interpreted in terms of a pharmacological role for Cr. The review of studies on the effects of Cr on rat models of diabetes is updated, and the results continue to suggest Cr increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues of the rodent models. The lack of effects in human studies may stem from humans receiving a comparably smaller dose than the rodent models. However, given the different responses to Cr in the rodent models, humans could potentially have different responses to Cr. Recent studies primary utilizing rodents suggest two potential complementary but also contradictory modes of action for Cr(III) at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA.
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3
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Grover K, Koblova A, Pezacki AT, Chang CJ, New EJ. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5846-5929. [PMID: 38657175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Although transition metals constitute less than 0.1% of the total mass within a human body, they have a substantial impact on fundamental biological processes across all kingdoms of life. Indeed, these nutrients play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, with the redox properties of many of these metals being essential to their activity. At the same time, imbalances in transition metal pools can be detrimental to health. Modern analytical techniques are helping to illuminate the workings of metal homeostasis at a molecular and atomic level, their spatial localization in real time, and the implications of metal dysregulation in disease pathogenesis. Fluorescence microscopy has proven to be one of the most promising non-invasive methods for studying metal pools in biological samples. The accuracy and sensitivity of bioimaging experiments are predominantly determined by the fluorescent metal-responsive sensor, highlighting the importance of rational probe design for such measurements. This review covers activity- and binding-based fluorescent metal sensors that have been applied to cellular studies. We focus on the essential redox-active metals: iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. We aim to encourage further targeted efforts in developing innovative approaches to understanding the biological chemistry of redox-active metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karandeep Grover
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alla Koblova
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aidan T Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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4
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Vincent JB. What Are the Implications of Cr(III) Serving as an Inhibitor of the Beta Subunit of Mitochondrial ATP Synthase? Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1335-1344. [PMID: 37580526 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
A recent report has shown the active site of the beta subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase is probably the site of action of Cr(III) action, independent of the insulin signaling pathway. This works appears to answer an important question about the mode of action of Cr(III) at a molecular level when supplied in supra-nutritional levels to rodents. However, as with any good research, the research also raises several questions. The relationship between this study and the results of rodent studies of chromium supplementation and between this study and the current understanding the chromium(III) transport and detoxification system are put into perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA.
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5
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Bawiec P, Sawicki J, Łasińska-Pracuta P, Czop M, Sowa I, Helon P, Pietrzak K, Koch W. In Vitro Evaluation of Bioavailability of Cr from Daily Food Rations and Dietary Supplements from the Polish Market. Nutrients 2024; 16:1022. [PMID: 38613055 PMCID: PMC11013223 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Only some of the nutrients consumed with food are able to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and enter the systemic circulation (blood). Because some elements are essential minerals for humans, their beneficial effect on the body depends significantly on their bioavailable amount (the fraction that can be absorbed and used by the organism). The term bioavailability, which is very often used to describe the part of nutrients that is able to be absorbed, is influenced by various factors of exogenous and endogenous origin. The main purpose of the study was to assess the relative bioavailability of Cr from selected dietary supplements in the presence of various types of diets, which significantly influence the level of bioavailability. The research was performed using a previously developed and optimized two-stage in vitro digestion model using cellulose dialysis tubes of food rations with the addition of pharmaceutical products. Cr was determined using the ICP-OES and GF-AAS methods, depending on its concentration in particular fractions. The determined relative bioavailability ranged between 2.97 and 3.70%. The results of the study revealed that the type of diet, the chemical form of the molecule, and the pharmaceutical form of preparations have a significant influence on the bioavailability of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bawiec
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Jan Sawicki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Paulina Łasińska-Pracuta
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11 Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Paweł Helon
- Branch in Sandomierz, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Schinzla 13a Str., 27-600 Sandomierz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
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6
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Chelyadina NS, Kapranov SV, Popov MA, Smirnova LL, Bobko NI. The mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Crimea, Black Sea) as a source of essential trace elements in human nutrition. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5415-5430. [PMID: 36881258 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrients, or essential trace elements, are important components in various metabolic processes inherent to the normal functioning of organism. To date, a substantial part of the world population suffers from a lack of micronutrients in the diet. Mussels are an important and cheap source of nutrients, which can be utilized to mitigate the micronutrient deficiency in the world. In the present work, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the contents of the micronutrients Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, I, and Mo were studied for the first time in soft tissues, shell liquor, and byssus of females and males of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis as the promising sources of essential elements in the human diet. Fe, Zn, and I were the most abundant micronutrients in the three body parts. Significant sex-related differences in the body parts were detected only for Fe, which was more abundant in byssus of males, and Zn, which exhibited higher levels in shell liquor of females. Significant tissue-related differences were registered in the contents of all the elements under study. M. galloprovincialis meat was characterized as the optimal source of I and Se for covering the daily human needs. Regardless of sex, byssus turned out to be richer in Fe, I, Cu, Cr, and Mo in comparison with soft tissues, which fact allows recommending this body part for the preparation of dietary supplements to compensate for the deficiency of these micronutrients in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya S Chelyadina
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2 Nakhimov ave., 299011, Sevastopol, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergey V Kapranov
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2 Nakhimov ave., 299011, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
| | - Mark A Popov
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2 Nakhimov ave., 299011, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila L Smirnova
- Institute of Natural and Technical Systems of RAS, Lenin str. 28, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, 299011
| | - Nikolay I Bobko
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2 Nakhimov ave., 299011, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
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7
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Álvarez-Silvares E, Fernández-Cruz T, Bermudez-González M, Rubio-Cid P, Almeida A, Pinto E, Seoane-Pillado T, Martínez-Carballo E. Placental levels of essential and non-essential trace element in relation to neonatal weight in Northwestern Spain: application of generalized additive models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62566-62578. [PMID: 36943567 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Adequate gestational progression depends to a great extent on placental development, which can modify maternal and neonatal outcomes. Any environmental toxicant, including metals, with the capacity to affect the placenta can alter the development of the pregnancy and its outcome. The objective of this study was to correlate the placenta levels of 14 essential and non-essential elements with neonatal weight. We examined relationships between placental concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, mercury, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, rubidium, selenium, strontium, and zinc from 79 low obstetric risk pregnant women in Ourense (Northwestern Spain, 42°20'12.1″N 7°51.844'O) with neonatal weight. We tested associations between placental metal concentrations and neonatal weight by conducting multivariable linear regressions using generalized linear models (GLM) and generalized additive models (GAM). While placental Co (p = 0.03) and Sr (p = 0.048) concentrations were associated with higher neonatal weight, concentrations of Li (p = 0.027), Mo (p = 0.049), and Se (p = 0.02) in the placenta were associated with lower newborn weight. Our findings suggest that the concentration of some metals in the placenta may affect fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Álvarez-Silvares
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Food and Health Omics, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Mónica Bermudez-González
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
| | - Paula Rubio-Cid
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edgar Pinto
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, P. Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Food and Health Omics, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
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8
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Bagheri S, Gholamhosseini A, Banaee M. Investigation of Different Nutritional Effects of Dietary Chromium in Fish: A Literature Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2546-2554. [PMID: 35918589 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The supply of food for the world population that is increasing is one of the concerns of governments. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations assessment shows that the aquaculture industry could help meet food needs for human communities. The aquaculture industry also relies on providing a feed of high quality. Minerals are one essential component of an aquatic diet. Chromium (Cr) is a trace element that finds the form of Cr+3 (trivalent) and Cr+6 (hexavalent) in nature and food items. Studies show that exposure to Cr waterborne have toxicity effects on fish. However, oral exposure to Cr has a different impact on fish. Cr is usually involved in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, growth function, enzyme functions, etc. This element could play a significant role in fish nutrition and physiology. Cr as a dietary supplement can improve growth performance and adjust the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. However, high concentrations of Cr can be toxic to fish. Although the physiological effects of Cr on aquatic organisms are well known, there are still ambiguities in determining the appropriate concentration in the diet of some species. Maybe, the physiological response of fish depends on the concentration, origin, and chemical composition of Cr, as well as the biological and individual characteristics of the fish. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the appropriate concentration of Cr in fish diets. This article aims to summarize the available information about the effect of Cr on various physiological indicators and fish growth. Therefore, this information may help to find the appropriate concentration of Cr in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bagheri
- Division of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Amin Gholamhosseini
- Division of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
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Liang Y, Pan Z, Zhu M, Gao R, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang N. Exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements and risks of congenital heart defects: A narrative review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1121826. [PMID: 36998909 PMCID: PMC10043220 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are congenital abnormalities involving the gross structures of the heart and large blood vessels. Environmental factors, genetic factors and their interactions may contribute to the pathogenesis of CHDs. Generally, trace elements can be classified into essential trace elements and non-essential trace elements. Essential trace elements such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) play important roles in human biological functions such as metabolic function, oxidative stress regulation, and embryonic development. Non-essential trace elements such as cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), nickle (Ni), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr) and mercury (Hg) are harmful to health even at low concentrations. Recent studies have revealed the potential involvement of these trace elements in the pathogenesis of CHDs. In this review, we summarized current studies exploring exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements and risks of CHDs, in order to provide further insights for the pathogenesis and prevention of CHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipu Liang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzheng Zhu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruonan Gao
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijue Wang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijuan Cheng
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Nannan Zhang,
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10
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Lénárt Z, Bartha A, Abonyi-Tóth Z, Lehel J. Monitoring of metal content in the tissues of wild boar (Sus scrofa) and its food safety aspect. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15899-15910. [PMID: 36178655 PMCID: PMC9908636 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The study was performed on 10 female and 10 male wild boars (Sus scrofa) after shooting during the regular hunting season to investigate the concentration of metals in the muscle and fat tissue. The concentrations of essential and non-essential elements were determined (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), and zinc (Zn)) using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The concentrations of As, Hg, and Cd were below the limit of detection (As, Hg: < 0.5 mg/kg, Cd: < 0.05 mg/kg) in every tissue sample of both sexes. The lead was detected as 0.36 ± 0.16 mg/kg and 0.22 ± 0.06 mg/kg in the muscle of females and males, respectively, showing a significant difference between the sexes (p = 0.0184). The measured concentration of Cr was 0.14 ± 0.08 mg/kg and 0.13 ± 0.06 mg/kg, and that of copper was 1.22 ± 0.14 mg/kg and 1.06 ± 0.16 mg/kg in the muscle of females and males, respectively. The same tendency was observed in the case of copper content of fat tissues (female: 0.13 ± 0.10 mg/kg; male: 0.13 ± 0.04 mg/kg; p = 0.2707). Manganese concentration of muscle was 0.45 ± 0.30 mg/kg (female) and 1.36 ± 0.96 mg/kg (male), and that of fat tissue was 0.32 ± 0.22 mg/kg (female) and 0.74 ± 0.75 mg/kg (male). The Zn was detected as 56.75 ± 7.86 mg/kg and 1.83 ± 0.76 mg/kg in the muscle and fat of females and 52.12 ± 11.51 mg/kg and 1.94 ± 0.57 mg/kg in males, respectively. Based on data, the consumption of fat and muscle tissues of the wild boars tested can be food toxicologically objectionable, mainly due to the lead content, and thus pose a risk to frequent consumers of this type of game meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Lénárt
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Bartha
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Herd Health and Mobile Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth
- Department of Biomathematics and Informatics, University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Lehel
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, István u. 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Bertinato J, Griffin P. A low chromium diet increases body fat, energy intake and circulating triglycerides and insulin in male and female rats fed a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet from peripuberty to young adult age. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281019. [PMID: 36701335 PMCID: PMC9879406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trivalent chromium (Cr) may function to potentiate the action of insulin, but the effects of chromium intakes on metabolic parameters are unclear. Cr is listed as a potentially beneficial element for rodents based on studies that show feeding low quantities affect glucose metabolism. Cr is recommended at 1 mg per kg in rodent diets. This study examined the effects of different levels of dietary Cr on body weight, body composition, energy intake, food efficiency and metabolic parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in male and female rats when fed from peripuberty to young adult age in the background of a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Sprague-Dawley CD rats (n = 10 males and 10 females/group) at 35 days of age were assigned by weight to the low (LCr, 0.33 ± 0.06 mg/kg), normal (NCr, 1.20 ± 0.11 mg/kg) or high (HCr, 9.15 ± 0.65 mg/kg) Cr diets. Diets were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks (83 days). At baseline, body weights and composition were similar (p≥0.05) among diet groups. Compared to the NCr group, the LCr group weighed more (p<0.01) and consumed more energy (food) from Day 56 onwards, but food efficiency was unaffected. Following an oral glucose challenge (Day 77), dietary chromium levels did not affect plasma glucose, but fasting plasma insulin and insulin at 30 and 60 min after dosing were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. At the end of the study, whole-body fat, accrued body fat from baseline and fasting serum triglycerides were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. Effects were similar in both sexes and not observed in the HCr group. These data show that low dietary Cr affects metabolic parameters common in chronic diseases underscoring the need for clinical trials to define the nutritional and/or pharmacological effects of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Bertinato
- Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Philip Griffin
- Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Zeneli L, Daci-Ajvazi M, Sekovanić A, Jurasović J, Bajraktari D. The Effects of Chromium and Vanadium on Biomarkers of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Workers Exposed to Coal Fly Ash. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:307-316. [PMID: 36278758 PMCID: PMC9590079 DOI: 10.3390/jox12040021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V) are micronutrients playing a role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism but can be toxic at high concentrations, especially in specific forms. The study documents the effect of Cr and V concentrations on glucose and lipid metabolism in workers exposed to coal fly ash. We quantified selected metals (Cr, V) in the blood and serum of workers from a thermal power plant in Kosovo and compared them with the reference biological values. We determined fasting serum glucose and lipid profiles using a biochemical analyzer Synchron CX7 (Beckman Coulter). We quantified blood and serum Cr and V by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We also evaluated the association between carbohydrate and lipid metabolism biomarkers (glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides) and co-exposure to coal fly ash. Power plant workers had significantly higher blood Cr and V levels (p < 0.0001) and significantly lower serum Cr and V levels (p < 0.0001) than the controls. We also found statistically significant (p < 0.0001) correlations between high blood Cr levels and low glucose/blood Cr ratios as well as between high serum Cr levels and low glucose/serum Cr ratios. Finally, in power plant workers, high blood V levels significantly correlated with low triglycerides/blood V and cholesterol/blood V ratios (p < 0.0001), while high serum V levels correlated with low cholesterol/serum V ratios (p = 0.005). Based on these findings, we concluded that the glucose/Cr, triglycerides/V and cholesterol/V ratios should be considered when evaluating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders in occupationally-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulzim Zeneli
- Faculty of Education, University Fehmi Agani, 50000 Gjakova, Kosovo
| | - Majlinda Daci-Ajvazi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Ankica Sekovanić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Demush Bajraktari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UBT Higher Education Institution, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
- Correspondence:
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13
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Steviol Glycoside, L-Arginine, and Chromium(III) Supplementation Attenuates Abnormalities in Glucose Metabolism in Streptozotocin-Induced Mildly Diabetic Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101200. [PMID: 36297315 PMCID: PMC9607630 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and its glycosides are believed to exhibit several health-promoting properties. Recently, the mechanisms of the anti-diabetic effects of steviol glycosides (SG) have been the subject of intense research. The following study aims to evaluate the results of SG (stevioside (ST) and rebaudioside A (RA)) combined with L-arginine (L-Arg) and chromium(III) (CrIII) supplementation in streptozotocin- (STZ) induced mild type 2 diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), with particular emphasis on carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms. The experiment was carried out on 110 male Wistar rats, 100 of which were fed an HFD to induce insulin resistance, followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce mild type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of hyperglycemia, the rats were divided into groups. Three groups served as controls: diabetic untreated, diabetic treated with metformin (300 mg/kg BW), and healthy group. Eight groups were fed an HFD enriched with stevioside or rebaudioside A (2500 mg/kg BW) combined with L-arginine (2000 or 4000 mg/kg BW) and Cr(III) (1 or 5 mg/kg BW) for six weeks. The results showed that supplementation with SG (ST and RA) combined with L-arg and Cr(III) could improve blood glucose levels in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, ST was more effective in improving blood glucose levels, insulin resistance indices, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) concentrations than RA. Although L-arg and Cr(III) supplementation did not independently affect most blood carbohydrate and lipid indices, it further improved some biomarkers when combined, particularly with ST. Notably, the beneficial impact of ST on the homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and on the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was strengthened when mixed with a high dose of L-arg, while its impact on antioxidant status was improved when combined with a high dose of Cr(III) in rats with mild type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, these results suggest that supplementary stevioside combined with L-arginine and Cr(III) has therapeutic potential for mild type 2 diabetes. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these effects in other experimental models and humans.
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Nazlıcan E, Arıca E, Gören İE, Kılınçlı B, Mete B, Daglioglu N. The risk estimation and assessment of heavy metal exposure by biomonitoring in the breast milk of mothers in the Cukurova Region, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:13963-13970. [PMID: 34599714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals released into the environment through various industrial processes have potential adverse effects on the environment and human health. In order to reveal these adverse health effects, it is vital to carry out toxicological studies by performing biomonitoring. This study aimed to assess the level of Cr, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb in the breast milk samples of mothers in the Cukurova region, Turkey, and its association with health risk to infants. Ten-milliliter postpartum milk samples were collected from 34 breast-feeding mothers in the first 2 months of their postpartum period and living in the Cukurova region, Adana. The measurement of target heavy metals levels was performed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The average breast milk levels of Cr, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were 8.25, 1.64, 0.37, 2.60, and 12.12 μg/L, respectively. Evaluation of breast milk samples for these toxic heavy metals revealed the high exposure level for Cr and As. However, the mothers who participated in the study were not occupationally exposed to these metals. This study showed that Cr, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb cross the placenta and blood-brain barrier prenatally and accumulate in breast milk postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Nazlıcan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Enes Arıca
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ethem Gören
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Betül Kılınçlı
- Department of Food Chemistry, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Burak Mete
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nebile Daglioglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
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15
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Morvaridzadeh M, Estêvão MD, Qorbani M, Heydari H, Hosseini AS, Fazelian S, Belančić A, Persad E, Rezamand G, Heshmati J. The effect of chromium intake on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126879. [PMID: 34710707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trivalent chromium is a trace element thought to have a beneficial effect on oxidative stress (OS) parameters and inflammation. This review aimed to investigate the dose-response of chromium and summarize the effects of chromium supplementation on OS parameters in the literature. METHODS MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched for RCTs published from inception to January 2021 evaluating the effect of chromium supplementation on OS parameters, namely MDA, TBARS, SOD, TAS, CAT, GPx, and GSH. A random-effects model was used to pool data and calculated standard mean difference and 95 % confidence intervals. Quantified heterogeneity among studies was assessed through Cochrane's I2 values. RESULTS Nine studies enrolling 550 participants met the inclusion criteria. The obtained results indicate that chromium supplementation significantly increases TAC (SMD: 0.46; 95 % CI: 0.08, 0.84; I2 = 00.0 % n = 2) and significantly decreases MDA levels (SMD: -0.46; 95 % CI: -0.86, -0.07; I2 = 52.4 % n = 5). Supplementation did not significantly change CAT, GPx, GSH, SOD, TAS, and TBARS. CONCLUSION Chromium supplementation may improve OS parameters, however, due to high heterogeneity observed in the included studies, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Large RCTs on various patient groups evaluating the impact of chromium supplementation are needed to allow an adequate generalization of the benefits of chromium on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- Universidade do Algarve, Escola Superior de Saúde, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hafez Heydari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Ava Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Andrej Belančić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Emma Persad
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Gholamreza Rezamand
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rasoul-e- Akram Hospital, Sattarkhan Ave, Niyayesh St., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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16
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Essentiality of Trace Elements in Pregnancy, Fertility, and Gynecologic Cancers-A State-of-the-Art Review. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010185. [PMID: 35011060 PMCID: PMC8746721 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological neoplasms pose a serious threat to women's health. It is estimated that in 2020, there were nearly 1.3 million new cases worldwide, from which almost 50% ended in death. The most commonly diagnosed are cervical and endometrial cancers; when it comes to infertility, it affects ~48.5 million couples worldwide and the number is continually rising. Ageing of the population, environmental factors such as dietary habits, environmental pollutants and increasing prevalence of risk factors may affect the reproductive potential in women. Therefore, in order to identify potential risk factors for these issues, attention has been drawn to trace elements. Trace mineral imbalances can be caused by a variety of causes, starting with hereditary diseases, finishing with an incorrect diet or exposure to polluted air or water. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding trace elements imbalances in the case of gynecologic cancers as well as female fertility and during pregnancy.
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17
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Pantulap U, Arango-Ospina M, Boccaccini AR. Bioactive glasses incorporating less-common ions to improve biological and physical properties. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:3. [PMID: 34940923 PMCID: PMC8702415 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) have been a focus of research for over five decades for several biomedical applications. Although their use in bone substitution and bone tissue regeneration has gained important attention, recent developments have also seen the expansion of BG applications to the field of soft tissue engineering. Hard and soft tissue repair therapies can benefit from the biological activity of metallic ions released from BGs. These metallic ions are incorporated in the BG network not only for their biological therapeutic effects but also in many cases for influencing the structure and processability of the glass and to impart extra functional properties. The "classical" elements in silicate BG compositions are silicon (Si), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). In addition, other well-recognized biologically active ions have been incorporated in BGs to provide osteogenic, angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects such as zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), strontium (Sr), gallium (Ga), fluorine (F), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), boron (B), lithium (Li), titanium (Ti), and copper (Cu). More recently, rare earth and other elements considered less common or, some of them, even "exotic" for biomedical applications, have found room as doping elements in BGs to enhance their biological and physical properties. For example, barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), chlorine (Cl), chromium (Cr), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), ytterbium (Yb), thulium (Tm), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), holmium (Ho), iodine (I), lanthanum (La), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), nitrogen (N), palladium (Pd), rubidium (Rb), samarium (Sm), selenium (Se), tantalum (Ta), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), erbium (Er), tin (Sn), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y) as well as zirconium (Zr) have been included in BGs. These ions have been found to be particularly interesting for enhancing the biological performance of doped BGs in novel compositions for tissue repair (both hard and soft tissue) and for providing, in some cases, extra functionalities to the BG, for example fluorescence, luminescence, radiation shielding, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. This review summarizes the influence of incorporating such less-common elements in BGs with focus on tissue engineering applications, usually exploiting the bioactivity of the BG in combination with other functional properties imparted by the presence of the added elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usanee Pantulap
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marcela Arango-Ospina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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18
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Chen J, Li X, Gan L, Jiang G, Zhang R, Xu Z, Tian Y. Mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction by Lysinibacillus sp. HST-98, a newly isolated Cr (VI)-reducing strain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66121-66132. [PMID: 34331221 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Facing the increasingly severe Cr(VI) pollution, bioreduction has proved to be an eco-friendly remediation method. An isolated strain identified as Lysinibacillus can relatively reduce Cr(VI) well. Even if the concentration of Cr(VI) increased to 250mg/L, the strain HST-98 could also grow and remove Cr(VI) well. After optimization of reaction conditions, the optimal pH, temperature, and electron donor are 8~9, 36°C, and sodium lactate, respectively. Coexisting metal ions such as Cu2+, Co2+, and Mn2+ are beneficial to reduce Cr(VI), while Zn2+, Ni2+, and Cd2+ are just the opposite. What is more, the mechanism of the reduction by the strain HST-98 is chiefly mediated by intracellular enzymes. After gene sequence homology blast and analysis, the genes and enzymes related to chromium metabolism in strain HST-98 have been annotated, which helps us to further understand the reduction mechanism of the strain HST-98. In general, Lysinibacillus sp. HST-98 is a potential candidate to repair the Cr(VI)-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Longzhan Gan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Guangyang Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ruoshi Zhang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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19
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Potential antidiabetic molecule involving a new chromium(III) complex of dipicolinic and metformin as a counter ion: Synthesis, structure, spectroscopy, and bioactivity in mice. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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20
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Alvarez CC, Bravo Gómez ME, Hernández Zavala A. Hexavalent chromium: Regulation and health effects. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126729. [PMID: 33610058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the knowledge about heavy metals toxicity on humans, its use is widely spread mainly for industrial processes. Chromium is an element that belongs to this group and although it is present in our daily diet, it can also be harmful for humans, causing skin allergies and increasing the risk of lung cancer, among other health effects reported. In this review, we highlight its nutritional role, its toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic in humans, its regulation in the industry and the biomonitoring proposal of this element in blood and urine samples with the aim to control the level of exposure of the workers in military industry and also of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cedillo Alvarez
- Escuela Militar de Medicina, Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, Mexico; Laboratorio de Morfología Celular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - María Elena Bravo Gómez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Química y Toxicología Forense, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Araceli Hernández Zavala
- Laboratorio de Morfología Celular, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico.
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21
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Feng C, Wuren Q, Zhang X, Sun X, Na Q. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on broiler growth performance: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249527. [PMID: 33822801 PMCID: PMC8023458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of dietary chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation on broiler growth performance and to determine whether such effects are regulated by broiler strains, sex, environmental stress, or contextual factors including study area and years. Methods Eligible studies were identified by searching the Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online databases. Weighted average differences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed with a random-effects model. We performed subgroup analysis stratified by study area, published years, broiler strains and sex, and environmental stress. Publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test method. A total of 15 studies eligible for inclusion. Results The results indicated that CrPic supplementation significantly improved broiler growth performance and subgroup analysis confirmed this conclusion. We also found that Ross 308 or male broilers might be more sensitive to CrPic supplementation and showed better growth performance. A model was used to obtain the amount of chromium addition under the optimal growth performance, which suggested that the maximum value of average daily gain (ADG) was reached when chromium addition was 1810 μg/kg. The results of the sensitivity analysis showed low sensitivity and high stability of the meta-analysis. Conclusions CrPic supplementation had a positive effect on the growth performance of broilers, and this meta-analysis provides a more accurate value of chromium addition, which may be beneficial for the practice of the broiler industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Feng
- Department of Life Science, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- Intelligent Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Academician Workstation, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qiqige Wuren
- Intelligent Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Academician Workstation, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Life Science, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Department of Life Science, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qin Na
- Department of Life Science, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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22
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Ebrahim AM, Idris AM, Alnajjar AO, Michalke B. Cr and Mn total, accessible species, and protein-fraction contents in plants used for traditional anti-diabetes treatment. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126645. [PMID: 32937239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our survey has found eleven plants that have being consumed for traditional treatment of diabetes mellitus, particularly in Saudi Arabia and generally in many countries across the world. The literature reported about trace elements such as Cr and Mn positively affecting diabetes mellitus. The aim of this work is to determine the total, accessible element species, and protein-fraction contents of Cr and Mn in the edible parts of those plants. METHODS The total contents of Mn were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), while the total contents of Cr was determined by ICP-sector field (sf)-mass spectrometry (MS) due to lower concentration. The protein-fraction contents were determined in accessible element species by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC)-ICP-MS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The separation was successfully carried out to quantify Cr and Mn bound up to 11 protein fractions. The examined plants recorded wide ranges of total contents (Cr 44.7-1880.0 μg/kg and Mn 3.7-59.0 mg/kg) and accessible element species contents (Cr 0.93-29.40 μg/kg and Mn 0.82-35.85 mg/kg). Also wide ranges of percentages of accessible element species contents to total contents of Cr (0.65-4.21%) and Mn (5.43-68.42%) were obtained. The hazardous indices of both trace elements Cr and Mn for all examined plants consumed by both children and adults were all < 1, indicating no probability of health risk to occur. Moreover, Cr as carcinogen element reported no probability of cancer risk to occur from the consumption of all examined plants. Irrespective of plant species, Cr was quantified in all SEC fractions (mainly protein fractions), with the exception of 1.9-3.7 kDa, while Mn was quantified in all SEC fractions with the exception of 100-120 and 1.3-3.7 kDa. Nevertheless, the majority of accessible Cr species contents bound to the 10-14 and 0.05-0.40 kDa fractions, while that of Mn bound to 0.05-0.40 kDa fraction. To gather, the benefits of specific plant species in terms of accessible Cr and Mn species contents, in addition to accessible Zn species contents reported in our previous study, Haloxylon Salicornicum, Olea Europaea Momordica and Charantia are recommended to be consumed for traditionally controlling T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar M Ebrahim
- Consultants unit, Research and Consulting Institute, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Sudan Atomic Energy Commission, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61321, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advance Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 1413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed O Alnajjar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center, Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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23
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Koch W, Czop M, Nawrocka A, Wiącek D. Contribution of Major Groups of Food Products to the Daily Intake of Selected Elements-Results from Analytical Determinations Supported by Chemometric Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3412. [PMID: 33172062 PMCID: PMC7694689 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food is a major source of minerals for humans. The main objective of this study was to determine the intake level of 10 essential macro- (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, and Se) with major food groups among young adults. Dietary intake of elements was evaluated using the 24-h dietary recall technique in combination with F-AASand ICP-OES methods. A very high intake of sodium and a very low intake of calcium, combined with inappropriate sodium/potassium ratio, may be harmful to the health of the population. Dietary intake of trace elements was within the range of reference values in the subjects, with cereals being the major source of a majority of those elements, while meat (38% for Na), vegetables (25% for K), and milk products (75% for Ca) were the main contributors to the daily dietary intake of macroelements. PCA revealed several visible trends in the datasetAmong men, the intake of Zn, Cr Na and K was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables, whereas Mg, Se, Fe and Cu with cereals and water and beverages. Among women, the intake of Mg was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11 Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Nawrocka
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.W.)
| | - Dariusz Wiącek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (D.W.)
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Khan N, Hashmi S, Siddiqui AJ, Farooq S, Sami SA, Basir N, Bokhari SS, Sharif H, Junejo S, Musharraf SG. Ionomic profiling of pericardial fluid in ischemic heart disease. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36439-36451. [PMID: 35517944 PMCID: PMC9056976 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03977b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals are essential cofactors that play a crucial role in heart function at the cell and tissue level. Information regarding the role of metals in the pericardial fluid and its ionome in ischemic heart disease (IHD) is limited. We aimed to determine the association of elements in pericardial fluid and serum samples of IHD patients and their correlation with systolic and diastolic function. IHD patients have been studied with systolic and diastolic dysfunction categorized on the basis of echocardiographic parameters. We measured concentrations of sixteen elements in the pericardial fluid and serum of 46 patients obtained during open heart surgery with IHD by ICP-MS. The levels of chromium and nickel in pericardial fluid were significantly higher as compared with serum samples of IHD patients (p < 0.05). The chromium, nickel and manganese levels in pericardial fluid were lower in patients with ejection fraction (EF) < 45% as compared to EF > 45% (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in pericardial concentrations of elements in diastolic dysfunction grade 0-1 with 2 in IHD patients. We also found that decreased concentration of these elements in pericardial fluid is associated with decreased systolic function. These results suggest that pericardial fluid concentrations of these metals may reflect the extent of ischemic heart disease. These findings are hypothesis generating with regards to a role in the pathogenesis of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan +92 21 34819018-9 +92 21 34824924-5 +92 21 34819010
| | - Satwat Hashmi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Agha Khan University Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan +92 21 34819018-9 +92 21 34824924-5 +92 21 34819010
| | | | - Nageeb Basir
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | | | - Hasanat Sharif
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan +92 21 34819018-9 +92 21 34824924-5 +92 21 34819010
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
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Vaiopoulou E, Gikas P. Regulations for chromium emissions to the aquatic environment in Europe and elsewhere. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126876. [PMID: 32957286 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chromium is a controversial element, since it has been classified as essential trace element, to chemically and biologically inert compound, to potent intoxicator. Concerns have been risen for chromium effects on human and aquatic life because chromium has been accused for genotoxicity and carcinogenesis. Metals and their ions or complexes (and thus chromium substances) are included in the indicative list of main pollutants (Annex VIII of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC)). Biological effects of chromium are strongly depended on chromium speciation. No universal CrIII or CrVI discharge limits to the aquatic environment have been suggested by the EU. International bodies within the EU, such as the Helsinki Commission and the Oslo-Paris Convention, have issued recommendations on chromium discharge levels. National CrVI and CrIII discharge limits vary in each EU Member State with respect to the receiving water body (marine water, lake, river, sewer system). The maximum discharge limit to the aquatic environment in EU is 1 and 5 mg L-1 for CrVI and Crtotal, respectively. The present work summarizes EU legislation, with respect to the discharge limits to the aquatic environment for CrVI and CrIII. EU national limits that are currently effective are presented and compared to the limits in other parts of the world, such as Australia, Asia, USA, Latin America and South Africa. It is wise that future perspective of chromium policy should differentiate between CrIII and CrVI discharge limits to the aquatic environment, as analytical techniques become more sensitive and chromium speciation specific, and environmental awareness rises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vaiopoulou
- Concawe, Environmental Science for the European Refining Industry, Boulevard Du Souverain 165, 1160, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Petros Gikas
- Design of Environmental Processes Laboratory, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece.
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Benjamín-Rivera JA, Cardona-Rivera AE, Vázquez-Maldonado ÁL, Dones-Lassalle CY, Pabón-Colon HL, Rodríguez-Rivera HM, Rodríguez I, González-Espiet JC, Pazol J, Pérez-Ríos JD, Catala-Torres JF, Carrasquillo Rivera M, De Jesus-Soto MG, Cordero-Virella NA, Cruz-Maldonado PM, González-Pagan P, Hernández-Ríos R, Gaur K, Loza-Rosas SA, Tinoco AD. Exploring Serum Transferrin Regulation of Nonferric Metal Therapeutic Function and Toxicity. INORGANICS 2020; 8:48. [PMID: 36844373 PMCID: PMC9957567 DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8090048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum transferrin (sTf) plays a pivotal role in regulating iron biodistribution and homeostasis within the body. The molecular details of sTf Fe(III) binding blood transport, and cellular delivery through transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis are generally well-understood. Emerging interest exists in exploring sTf complexation of nonferric metals as it facilitates the therapeutic potential and toxicity of several of them. This review explores recent X-ray structural and physiologically relevant metal speciation studies to understand how sTf partakes in the bioactivity of key non-redox active hard Lewis acidic metals. It challenges preconceived notions of sTf structure function correlations that were based exclusively on the Fe(III) model by revealing distinct coordination modalities that nonferric metal ions can adopt and different modes of binding to metal-free and Fe(III)-bound sTf that can directly influence how they enter into cells and, ultimately, how they may impact human health. This knowledge informs on biomedical strategies to engineer sTf as a delivery vehicle for metal-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents in the cancer field. It is the intention of this work to open new avenues for characterizing the functionality and medical utility of nonferric-bound sTf and to expand the significance of this protein in the context of bioinorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué A. Benjamín-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Andrés E. Cardona-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | | | | | - Héctor L. Pabón-Colon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | | | - Israel Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Jean C. González-Espiet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Jessika Pazol
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Jobaniel D. Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - José F. Catala-Torres
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | | | - Michael G. De Jesus-Soto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | | | - Paola M. Cruz-Maldonado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Patricia González-Pagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Raul Hernández-Ríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Kavita Gaur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
| | - Sergio A. Loza-Rosas
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja 150003, Colombia
| | - Arthur D. Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-939-319-9701
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Biosorption of hexavalent chromium metal ions from an aqueous solution of leaves and bark of Cinnamomum verum via green route. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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28
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Yahyazadeh E, Shemirani F. Arginine-derived carbon nanoparticles for determination of Cr(VI) in water samples. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:694-701. [PMID: 32012443 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is a toxic and carcinogenic ion that poses significant risks toward human health and the environment. Due to its extensive industrial use and high water solubility, Cr(VI) can easily contaminate drinking water sources. Therefore, it is essential to develop methods to detect Cr(VI) in water samples. Recently, carbon quantum dots - being biocompatible, easy to synthesize, and cost-effective fluorophores - have been successfully applied for the determination of different heavy metal ions. In this study, arginine-derived carbon nanoparticles were synthesized using a solvent-free one-pot thermal method. These carbon nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering analysis, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and CHNO elemental analysis before being used to design a sensor for Cr(VI). The sensor's signal was optimized and the arginine-derived carbon nanoparticle-based Cr(VI) determination method was shown to have a limit of detection of 18 nM, a limit of quantification of 60 nM, and a linear response range of 0.06-100 μM. The sensor's selectivity toward Cr(VI) was studied and a potential interfering ion was identified and dealt with. Finally, the sensor was successfully applied for the determination of Cr(VI) in tap water and mineral water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Yahyazadeh
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shemirani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
In this manuscript, we describe medical applications of each first-row transition metal including nutritional, pharmaceutical, and diagnostic applications. The 10 first-row transition metals in particular are found to have many applications since there five essential elements among them. We summarize the aqueous chemistry of each element to illustrate that these fundamental properties are linked to medical applications and will dictate some of nature’s solutions to the needs of cells. The five essential trace elements—iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and cobalt—represent four redox active elements and one redox inactive element. Since electron transfer is a critical process that must happen for life, it is therefore not surprising that four of the essential trace elements are involved in such processes, whereas the one non-redox active element is found to have important roles as a secondary messenger.. Perhaps surprising is the fact that scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, and nickel have many applications, covering the entire range of benefits including controlling pathogen growth, pharmaceutical and diagnostic applications, including benefits such as nutritional additives and hardware production of key medical devices. Some patterns emerge in the summary of biological function andmedical roles that can be attributed to small differences in the first-row transition metals.
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Zoroddu MA, Aaseth J, Crisponi G, Medici S, Peana M, Nurchi VM. The essential metals for humans: a brief overview. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 195:120-129. [PMID: 30939379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human body needs about 20 essential elements in order to function properly and among them, for certain, 10 are metal elements, though for every metal we do need, there is another one in our body we could do without it. Until about 1950 poor attention was given to the so-called "inorganic elements" and while researches on "organic elements" (C, N, O and H) and organic compounds were given high priority, studies on essential inorganic elements were left aside. Base on current knowledge it is ascertained today that metals such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and Mo are essential elements for life and our body must have appropriate amounts of them. Here a brief overview to highlight their importance and current knowledge about their essentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital, Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Italy
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White PE, Vincent JB. Systematic Review of the Effects of Chromium(III) on Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:99-126. [PMID: 30430417 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chromium supplementation has been proposed to have beneficial effects in farm animals, particularly when under stress. The last two decades, in particular, have seen an emphasis on examining the effects of supplemental chromium on a variety of variables in chicks and chickens. Thus, given the recent approval of a Cr(III) compound for use in chicken feed in the United States and the recent surge in papers on the use of Cr in chicken feed, the need for a systematic review of studies utilizing chickens is extremely urgent and timely. With the exception of studies on cold-stressed laying hens, the results of studies of Cr supplementation of chickens, whether broilers or laying hens, were found to be too inconsistent for any firm conclusions to be drawn other than that Cr supplementation generally leads to accumulation of Cr in tissues. Few potential trends in terms or beneficial or deleterious effects from Cr supplementation were found regardless of strain of chicken, Cr source, Cr dose, duration of supplementation, or variable examined. Hence, in summary, no recommendation for the use of Cr as a supplement for the diet of chickens can be made at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandora E White
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA.
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Samiee F, Vahidinia A, Taravati Javad M, Leili M. Exposure to heavy metals released to the environment through breastfeeding: A probabilistic risk estimation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:3075-3083. [PMID: 30373084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals released into the environment through various anthropogenic activities, raising concerns over their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. Biological monitoring studies are of great value in toxicological research for estimation of such health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) in the breast milk of urban mothers in Hamadan city, Iran and the accompanying health risk to infants. A total of 100 lactating mothers were recruited from public health care centers in Hamadan city and breast milk samples were collected at 2, 6, 8, and 12 months postpartum. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) has been used to measure target heavy metal concentrations. The median breast milk concentrations of Pb, As, and Cr were 41.90, 0.50, and 3.95 μg/L, respectively. The highest levels of Pb were observed after two months of delivery (with the mean of 96.69 μg/L and median of 45.70 μg/L). Up to 94% of the breast milk samples exceeded the WHO limit suggested for lead contamination of breast milk (<5 μg/L). The breast milk As and Cr contents were above the limit of detection (LOD) in 19% and 76% of samples, respectively. Unacceptable non-cancer health risk levels or hazard quotient (HQ) were found for Pb and As in 61% and 10% of the samples, respectively. Nevertheless, HQ from Cr was <1.0 for 100% of breastfeeding infants. Finally, our results indicated that there may be a potential risk of toxic metals, especially lead, for infants in Hamadan via the consumption of mothers' breast milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Samiee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Vahidinia
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Nutrition Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | | | - Mostafa Leili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Fernández PM, Viñarta SC, Bernal AR, Cruz EL, Figueroa LIC. Bioremediation strategies for chromium removal: Current research, scale-up approach and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:139-148. [PMID: 29864705 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Industrial applications and commercial processes release a lot of chromium into the environment (soil, surface water or atmosphere) and resulting in serious human diseases because of their toxicity. Biological Cr-removal offers an alternative to traditional physic-chemical methods. This is considered as a sustainable technology of lower impact on the environment. Resistant microorganisms (e.g. bacteria, fungi, and algae) have been most extensively studied from this characteristic. Several mechanisms were developed by microorganisms to deal with chromium toxicity. These tools include biotransformation (reduction or oxidation), bioaccumulation and/or biosorption, and are considered as an alternative to remove the heavy metal. The aim of this review is summarizes Cr(VI)-bioremediation technologies oriented on practical applications at larger scale technologies. In the same way, the most relevant results of several investigations focused on process feasibility and the robustness of different systems (reactors and pilot scale) designed for chromium-removal capacity are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo M Fernández
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, 4700 San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina.
| | - Silvana C Viñarta
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, 4700 San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina.
| | - Anahí R Bernal
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Elías L Cruz
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Lucía I C Figueroa
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos PROIMI-CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Caseros, T4001MVB San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 450, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Myer A, Forschler BT. Evidence for the Role of Subterranean Termites (Reticulitermes spp.) in Temperate Forest Soil Nutrient Cycling. Ecosystems 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-018-0291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ren M, Mokrani A, Liang H, Ji K, Xie J, Ge X, Liu B. Dietary Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Affects Growth, Whole-Body Composition, and Gene Expression Related to Glucose Metabolism and Lipogenesis in Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:205-215. [PMID: 29344818 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An 11-week feeding trial was carried out to investigate the effects of supplemented chromium picolinate (Cr-Pic) on the growth, whole-body composition, and relative mRNA expression related to lipogenesis and glucose metabolism in juvenile blunt snout bream. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with graded Cr supplementation levels were fed to triplicate groups. The final weight (FW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and specific growth rate (SGR) were improved with increasing dietary Cr supplementation levels up to 0.4 mg/kg, and thereafter showed relatively constant. However, 12.0 mg/kg dietary Cr supplementation decreased growth and feed utilization. Based on SGR and FCR, the optimal dietary Cr supplementation level for the juvenile was estimated to be 0.28 mg/kg. Significantly higher plasma insulin levels were found in juvenile fed diets with 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg Cr supplementation compared to those fed diet sans supplemented Cr. Plasma glucose levels decreased with increasing dietary Cr supplementation, and the lowest value was remarked in the group added 3.2 mg/kg of Cr. Adding 0.4-0.8 mg/kg Cr enhanced insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), and pyruvate kinase (PK) and inhibited expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and glycogen synthase (GS) mRNA levels. High dietary Cr (12.0 mg/kg) supplementation resulted in high G6Pase and PEPCK expression. The highest content of whole-body lipid was remarked in fish fed with 0.4 mg/kg dietary Cr, which related to the enhanced gene expression related to lipogenesis; thereafter, mRNA levels showed a diminishing trend. These findings indicate that optimum dietary Cr-Pic supplementation has a positive effect on growth and blood glucose homeostasis by modifying the mRNA levels related to glucose metabolism and lipogenesis in juvenile blunt snout bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Ahmed Mokrani
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, People's Republic of China
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Alves Peixoto RR, Oliveira A, Cadore S. Risk assessment of cadmium and chromium from chocolate powder. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2018; 11:256-263. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2018.1499676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Oliveira
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Solange Cadore
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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38
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Johnson P, Loganathan C, Krishnan V, Sakayanathan P, Raji V, Vijayan S, Sathishkumar P, Murugesan K, Palvannan T. Plant extract as environmental-friendly green catalyst for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in tannery effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1376-1383. [PMID: 28488473 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1329355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous extract of various plants like Coriandrum sativum (AECS), Alternanthera tenella colla (AEAT), Spermacoce hispida (AESH) and Mollugo verticillata (AEMV) was studied for its hexavalent chromium (CrVI) reduction property. Even though antioxidant activity was present, AEAT, AESH and AEMV did not reduce CrVI. AECS showed rapid and dose-dependent CrVI reduction. The efficient reduction of 50 mg/L of CrVI using AECS was attained in the presence of 250 µg/mL of starting plant material, incubating the reaction mixture at pH 2, 30°C and agitation at 190 rpm. Under such conditions, about 40 mg/L of CrVI was reduced at 3 h of incubation. FT-IR analysis revealed the involvement of phenols, alcohols, alpha-hydroxy acid and flavonoids present in the AECS for the CrVI reduction. These results indicate that not all the plant extracts with rich antioxidants are capable of reducing CrVI. Using the conditions standardized in the present study, AECS reduced about 80% of CrVI present in the tannery effluent. These results signify the application of AECS as an eco-friendly method in the wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Johnson
- a Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | | | - Vennila Krishnan
- a Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | | | - Vijayan Raji
- a Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | - Sudha Vijayan
- a Department of Biochemistry , Periyar University , Salem , India
| | - Palanivel Sathishkumar
- b Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE) , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Skudai , Malaysia
| | - Kumarasamy Murugesan
- c Department of Environmental Science , Periyar University , Salem , Tamil Nadu , India
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39
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Jiang L, Vincent JB, Bailey MM. [Cr 3O(O 2CCH 2CH 3) 6(H 2O) 3]NO 3·H 2O (Cr3) Toxicity Potential in Bacterial and Mammalian Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 183:342-350. [PMID: 28879636 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium(III) has generally been considered to be essential for proper carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and, despite recent evidence to the contrary, chromium(III)-containing compounds remain one of the most popular commercial dietary supplements. Cr3, or [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]NO3·H2O, is a trivalent chromium compound that is a promising chromium nutritional supplement. Studies with Cr3 have indicated that it is non-toxic in developmental and short- and long-term exposure studies in rodents, but the safety of this compound to chromosomes and cells has not been explored. The current study evaluates the mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, and clastogenicity of Cr3 in bacterial and mammalian cells and compares these results with similar studies using the bestselling Cr(III) nutritional supplement, chromium picolinate (CrPic). The mutagenicity of CrPic and Cr3 was tested in Escherichia coli FX-11 and Salmonella typhimurium (TA 98 and TA 100). Cytotoxicity was measured as a decrease in plating efficiency relative to controls after treatment with Cr3 and CrPic for 24 h in CHO K1 cells. Clastogenicity was measured by counting the number of metaphases damaged and of the total number chromosomal aberrations in CHO K1 cells. Mutagenesis assays in E. coli and S. typhimurium were negative. All treatments of Cr3 produced ≥ 84% plating efficiency except 80 μg/cm2, which reduced the plating efficiency to 62%. Cr3 at any treatment level did not produce a significant increase in the number of cells with abnormal metaphases, while treatments using ≥ 40 μg/cm2 of CrPic elevated the number significantly. These data suggest that Cr3 is significantly less mutagenic in bacteria cells and less clastogenic in CHO K1 cells, while CrPic is clastogenic in CHO K1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | - John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Melissa M Bailey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, Emporia, KS, USA.
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40
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Dong J, Liu B, Liang G, Yang B. Synthesis, biological activity and toxicity of chromium(III) metformin complex as potential insulin-mimetic agent in C57BL/6 mice. J COORD CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2018.1459580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Gang Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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41
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Highly Selective Detection of Cr 3 + Ion with Colorimetric & Fluorescent Response Via Chemodosimetric Approach in Aqueous Medium. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:663-670. [PMID: 29654524 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
So far, very few numbers of chemosensors for Cr3+ ion have been reported. However, the main drawback of reported receptors are the lack of selectivity and other trivalent cations such as Fe3+, Al3+ and anions like F- and -OAc frequently interfere with such assays. This paper present the synthesis, characterization & sensor studies of Schiff base containing naphthalene moiety which selectively detect Cr3+ ion by chemodosimetric approach. Using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI mass spectroscopic techniques the probe was characterized. This receptor exhibit more selectivity and sensitivity towards Cr3+ than other divalent and trivalent cations like Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Fe3+, and Al3+ ions. After the addition of chromium ion the receptor get change from yellow to colorless in aqueous medium. But no color change was observed on the addition of other metal ions. Using UV-Vis and PL studies, it was confirmed that the selective hydrolysis of imine group of receptor by Cr3+ ions takes place with high fluorescence enhancement that is corresponding to 1-naphthylamine. Receptor acts as selective chemodosimeter for Cr3+ ions with 2:1 stoichiometry and micro molar detection limit. This chemodosimetric approach was applied successfully for bio-imaging of HeLa cells.
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42
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Goff JP. Invited review: Mineral absorption mechanisms, mineral interactions that affect acid-base and antioxidant status, and diet considerations to improve mineral status. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:2763-2813. [PMID: 29397180 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several minerals are required for life to exist. In animals, 7 elements (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Cl, and S) are required to be present in the diet in fairly large amounts (grams to tens of grams each day for the dairy cow) and are termed macrominerals. Several other elements are termed microminerals or trace minerals because they are required in much smaller amounts (milligrams to micrograms each day). In most cases the mineral in the diet must be absorbed across the gastrointestinal mucosa and enter the blood if it is to be of value to the animal. The bulk of this review discusses the paracellular and transcellular mechanisms used by the gastrointestinal tract to absorb each of the various minerals needed. Unfortunately, particularly in ruminants, interactions between minerals and other substances within the diet can occur within the digestive tract that impair mineral absorption. The attributes of organic or chelated minerals that might permit diet minerals to circumvent factors that inhibit absorption of more traditional inorganic forms of these minerals are discussed. Once absorbed, minerals are used in many ways. One focus of this review is the effect macrominerals have on the acid-base status of the animal. Manipulation of dietary cation and anion content is commonly used as a tool in the dry period and during lactation to improve performance. A section on how the strong ion theory can be used to understand these effects is included. Many microminerals play a role in the body as cofactors of enzymes involved in controlling free radicals within the body and are vital to antioxidant capabilities. Those same minerals, when consumed in excess, can become pro-oxidants in the body, generating destructive free radicals. Complex interactions between minerals can compromise the effectiveness of a diet in promoting health and productivity of the cow. The objective of this review is to provide insight into some of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse P Goff
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
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43
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Near infrared-emitting persistent luminescent nanoparticles for Hepatocellular Carcinoma imaging and luminescence-guided surgery. Biomaterials 2018; 167:216-225. [PMID: 29573651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth most common cancer worldwide, is increasing nowadays and poses a serious threat to human health. However, if treated effectively and timely, it is clinically manageable or curable. Therefore, accurate detection and complete surgical resection remain priorities for HCC with a high potential of improving both survival and quality of life. Lacking of real-time guide technology, traditional surgery are usually relied on the subjective experience of surgeon, which have the limitation of high sensitivity detection tumor. Here, we developed a contrast agent, ZnGa2O4Cr0.004 (ZGC), used for guided surgery during operation to accurate delineation of HCC. ZGC showed excellent long-lasting afterglow properties that lasted for hours, which can aid in real-time guided surgery. Meanwhile, ZGC display high spatial resolution and deep penetration during pre-operation for diagnostic computed tomography (CT). Interestingly, we observed reverse imaging in the tumor region, known as a "dark hole", which further improves the contrast for surgery. This new multi-modality nanoparticle has great potential for accurate liver cancer imaging and resection guidance.
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45
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Smart M, Brown S, Tannehill H, Lockart M, Bowman MK, Vincent JB. The Identity of "Chromium Malate". Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 181:369-377. [PMID: 28516390 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several studies on the effects of a compound named "chromium malate," with the proposed formula "Cr2malate3·xH2O" where x = 3.5 or 5, on the health of healthy and diabetic rats have appeared. However, the compound is poorly characterized, and knowing the identity of this material could be important in the interpretation of the previous and of future studies on the effects of this compound in animals. Consequently, the synthesis, characterization, and identity of this material were explored. A combination of spectroscopic, magnetic, and elemental analyses and mass spectral studies reveal that the compound is probably a polymer, not a discrete molecule, and does not have the composition previously reported. The repeating unit of the polymer possesses an antiferromagnetically coupled trinuclear Cr(III) core. The current study suggests that previous reports on chromium malate and its effects in animals must be viewed with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Smart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Silas Brown
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Haley Tannehill
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Molly Lockart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Michael K Bowman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA.
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46
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Eseola AO, Görls H, Bangesh M, Plass W. ESIPT-capable 2,6-di(1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenols with very strong fluorescent sensing signals towards Cr(iii), Zn(ii), and Cd(ii): molecular variation effects on turn-on efficiency. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01265b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The derivatization influence was studied for twelve 2,6-di(1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenols, whereby a strong fluorescent sensitivity for Cr(iii) was reported, while Zn(ii)/Cd(ii) sensing potentials also appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiodun O. Eseola
- Materials Chemistry Group
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Redeemer's University Ede
- Nigeria
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | | | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
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47
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Sgolastra F, Blasioli S, Renzi T, Tosi S, Medrzycki P, Molowny-Horas R, Porrini C, Braschi I. Lethal effects of Cr(III) alone and in combination with propiconazole and clothianidin in honey bees. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:365-372. [PMID: 29049960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several anthropogenic contaminants, including pesticides and heavy metals, can affect honey bee health. The effects of mixtures of heavy metals and pesticides are rarely studied in bees, even though bees are likely to be exposed to these contaminants in both agricultural and urban environments. In this study, the lethal toxicity of Cr alone and in combination with the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin and the ergosterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicide propiconazole was assessed in Apis mellifera adults. The LD50 and lowest benchmark dose of Cr as Cr(NO3)3, revealed a low acute oral toxicity on honey bee foragers (2049 and 379 mg L-1, respectively) and the Cr retention (i.e. bee ability to retain the heavy metal in the body) was generally low compared to other metals. A modified method based on the binomial proportion test was developed to analyse synergistic and antagonistic interactions between the three tested contaminants. The combination of an ecologically-relevant field concentration of chromium with clothianidin and propiconazole did not increase bee mortality. On the contrary, the presence of Cr in mixture with propiconazole elicited a slight antagonistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sgolastra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sonia Blasioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Teresa Renzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Tosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy; University of California, San Diego, Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, USA
| | - Piotr Medrzycki
- CREA-AA, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Agricoltura ed Ambiente, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Porrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Braschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Italy
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48
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Chai J, Liu Y, Liu B, Yang B. Effect of substituent groups (R= CH 3 , Br and CF 3 ) on the structure, stability and redox property of [Cr(R-pic) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]NO 3 ·H 2 O complexes. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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49
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50
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Vincent JB. New Evidence against Chromium as an Essential Trace Element. J Nutr 2017; 147:2212-2219. [PMID: 29021369 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.255901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 60 y ago, chromium, as the trivalent ion, was proposed to be an essential element, but the results of new studies indicate that chromium currently can only be considered pharmacologically active and not an essential element. Regardless, articles still continue to appear in the literature claiming chromium is an essential element. Chromium has been marketed as an agent to reduce body mass and develop muscle; however, such marketing claims are no longer allowed in the United States because these claims, similar to claims of essential status, are not supported by experiments. Trivalent chromium has also been proposed as a therapeutic agent to increase insulin sensitivity and affect lipid metabolism. Although effective in certain rodent models, beneficial effects in humans have not been unequivocally established. Molecular mechanisms have been proposed for the beneficial effects but have not been definitively shown to occur in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL
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