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Jia G, Su CH. Tailored Physical Activity Interventions for Long COVID: Current Approaches and Benefits-A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1539. [PMID: 39120242 PMCID: PMC11311891 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review explores the essential role of physical activity in managing long COVID, which is characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, breathlessness, and cognitive impairments following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, "physical activity" includes various exercises, such as aerobic and resistance training, as well as flexibility and balance exercises, thereby encompassing the subset known as "exercise". The methodology involved a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, EBSCO (EDS), and Google Scholar, selecting peer-reviewed articles from December 2019 to June 2024 focusing on long COVID physical activity interventions. The review highlights that tailored exercise programs, adjusted to individual health status and abilities, significantly alleviate symptoms and enhance psychological well-being. Key findings emphasize the importance of personalized exercise prescriptions due to the variability in patient responses and the need for a multidisciplinary approach in developing and monitoring interventions. Despite promising outcomes, the review identifies research gaps, including the need for long-term studies, randomized controlled trials, and deeper mechanistic insights. It suggests that standardized reporting, templates like the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT), and integrating digital health tools are essential for optimizing interventions. Overall, the review advocates including personalized physical activity or exercise programs in standard care for long COVID to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guhua Jia
- Sports Teaching Department, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China;
| | - Chun-Hsien Su
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City 111369, Taiwan
- College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City 111369, Taiwan
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Park JY, Kim TY, Woo SW, Moon HY. Effect of exercise-induced Neutrophil maturation on skeletal muscle repair in vitro. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101699. [PMID: 38601749 PMCID: PMC11004084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils as first line defender initiate a cascade of healing process immediately after muscle injury. At muscle injury site, neutrophils remove damaged muscle fibers and recruit other immune cells and these functions show in mature neutrophils. In the previous study, physical exercise can mediate neutrophils' functional changes such as phagocytosis and chemotaxis, though there is no research on how exercise-induced neutrophils contribute the muscle regeneration. In this present study, we investigated the maturation of neutrophils after 4 weeks of mouse treadmill exercise and assessed wound healing assay to evaluate whether treatment with exercise-activated neutrophils is effective for skeletal muscle repair in vitro. In the exercise group, significantly higher mRNA levels of maturation markers compared to the sedentary group and exercise-activated neutrophils improved wound healing of mouse muscle cells. To confirm at the human cell level, based on the well-known fact that exercise increases circulating cortisol levels, neutrophil-like cells were treated with dexamethasone (dHL60 + dex) as exercise mimetics. dHL60 + dex had significantly higher mRNA levels of neutrophil maturation marker and improved wound healing of human skeletal muscle cells compared to the control. These findings suggest that exercise affects neutrophil maturation and that exercise-induced neutrophils contribute to skeletal muscle repair in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Park
- Dept. of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yeon Kim
- Dept. of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Won Woo
- Dept. of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Youl Moon
- Dept. of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Dong RB, Dou KY, Huang J, Wang R. The protective effect of physical activity on mental health of middle school students at different stages during the COVID-19 outbreak. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14783. [PMID: 38926496 PMCID: PMC11208601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to further understand the changes in physical activity level(PAL) and mental health among adolescents before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 and explore the protective role of physical activity (PA) on the mental health of adolescents during major disasters. A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. The cross-sectional data from 2838 Chinese middle school students (mean age = 14.91 ± 1.71 years, 49.54% female) were used, of which 1,471 and 1,367 were in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The PAL was collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-CN), mental health status was collected using the Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Students (MMHI-60), sociodemographic information was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Before and after the outbreak of COVID-19, the PAL of adolescents was 2.36 ± 0.74 and 2.50 ± 0.66, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.01, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.19). The mental health scores were 1.71 ± 0.60 and 1.86 ± 0.73, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.01, 95% CI: - 0.20, - 0.10). The detection rates of mental health problems were 27.50% and 35.50%, respectively. The rates of achieving PAL standards were 30.20% and 18.00% among adolescents, while the rates of not achieving PAL standards were 39.60% and 18.00%. PA is a protective factor for the mental health of adolescents during major disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Bao Dong
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Kai-Yun Dou
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Graduate School of Adamson University, 0900, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jiaben Huang
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Bernhard JC, Tornquist L, Marques CT, Peroza LR. Association Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in Health Professionals in the Context of the Pandemic: A Study in Southern Brazil. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e225-e229. [PMID: 38489471 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to verify the association between physical activity (PA) and mental health among health professionals in southern Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with 101 workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health and PA were assessed using the questionnaires. The association of PA with stress was tested by linear regression, and anxiety and depressive symptoms by Poisson regression. RESULTS The stress was inversely associated with individuals who performed some PA (β: -3.53;95% CI: -6.63;-0.44) and who met the PA recommendations (active) (β: -6.84;95% CI: -12.44;-1.24). Workers who performed some PA (PR: 0.76;95% CI: 0.67;0.86) and were active (PR: 0.75;95% CI: 0.60;0.93) were less likely to have severe symptoms of anxiety. For depression, workers who performed some PA (PR: 0.81;95% CI: 0.71;0.92) and were active (PR: 0.69;95% CI: 0.54;0.88), the probability was also smaller. CONCLUSIONS The practice of PA was inversely associated with symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Carolina Bernhard
- From the Postgraduate Program in Health and Life Sciences, Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (J.C.B.); Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil (L.T.); Postgraduate Program in Science and Mathematics Teaching, Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (C.T.M.); and Postgraduate Program in Health and Life Sciences/Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (L.R.P.)
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de Resende E Silva DT, Bizuti MR, de Oliveira NR, Lima LZM, Dos Santos Arraes VG, Zietz ACG, Zin C, de Sousa Silva GV, Puhle JG, Haag FB. Physical exercise as a modulator of the purinergic system in the control of sarcopenia in individuals with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:213-222. [PMID: 37368148 PMCID: PMC11189381 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The word sarcopenia derives from the Greek terms "sarx" for meat and "penia" for loss, thus being used to define reductions in muscle mass, muscle strength, and lower physical performance that compromise, mainly, the elderly population. Its high negative impact on patients' quality of life encourages the production and publication of new studies that seek to find methods to prevent and reverse cases of loss of muscle mass and strength. Furthermore, the high prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely related to its pathophysiology, which consists of a state of increased protein catabolism and decreased muscle tissue synthesis. Also considering the inflammatory nature of CKD and sarcopenia, the purinergic system has been an important target of studies, which seek to relate it to the two previous conditions. This system achieves anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting, through adenosine, pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO), as well as by releasing anti-inflammatory substances such as interleukin-10 (IL-10). Simultaneously, the purinergic system presents pro-inflammatory activity, signaled by adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which occurs through the activation of T cells and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as those mentioned above. Therefore, the ability of this system to act on inflammatory processes can promote positive and negative changes in the clinical aspect of patients with CKD and/or sarcopenia. Furthermore, it appears that there is a correlation between the practice of repeated physical exercise with the clinical improvement and in the quality of life of these patients, presenting a decrease in the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), NTPDase, and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, such as increases in IL-10 resulting from modulation of the purinergic system. In this way, the present article seeks to evaluate the effect of physical exercise as a modulator of the purinergic system in the control of sarcopenia in patients with CKD on hemodialysis, in order to trace a relationship that can bring benefits both for biological markers and for quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Tavares de Resende E Silva
- Department of Graduate Studies in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Rodovia SC 484-Km 02, Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, CEP 89815-899, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Ribeiro Bizuti
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Carolina Zin
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Josiano Guilherme Puhle
- Department of Health Sciences, Western Santa Catarina University, Videira, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Brum Haag
- Nursing College, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Agustiningsih D, Wibawa T. Demystifying roles of exercise in immune response regulation against acute respiratory infections: A narrative review. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 6:139-153. [PMID: 38708320 PMCID: PMC11067861 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The benefits of physical activity and exercise, especially those classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA), have been well-established in preventing non-communicable diseases and mental health problems in healthy adults. However, the relationship between physical activity and exercise and the prevention and management of acute respiratory infection (ARI), a global high-burden disease, has been inconclusive. There have been debates and disagreements among scientific publications regarding the relationship between exercise and immune response against the causative agents of ARI. This narrative review aims to explore the theory that sufficiently explains the correlation between exercise, immune response, and ARI. The potential root causes of discrepancies come from research associated with the "open window" hypothesis. The studies have several limitations, and future improvements to address them are urgently needed in the study design, data collection, exercise intervention, subject recruitment, biomarkers for infection and inflammation, nutritional and metabolism status, and in addressing confounding variables. In conclusion, data support the clinical advantages of exercise have a regulatory contribution toward improving the immune response, which in turn potentially protects humans fromARI. However, the hypothesis related to its negative effect must be adopted cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denny Agustiningsih
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wibawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Ren T, He J, Zhang T, Niu A, Yuan Y, Zuo Y, Miao Y, Zhang H, Zang L, Qiao C, Cao X, Yang X, Zheng Z, Xu Y, Wu D, Zheng H. Exercise activates interferon response of the liver via Gpld1 to enhance antiviral innate immunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk5011. [PMID: 38809975 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk5011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Healthy behavioral patterns could modulate organ functions to enhance the body's immunity. However, how exercise regulates antiviral innate immunity remains elusive. Here, we found that exercise promotes type I interferon (IFN-I) production in the liver and enhances IFN-I immune activity of the body. Despite the possibility that many exercise-induced factors could affect IFN-I production, we identified Gpld1 as a crucial molecule, and the liver as the major organ to promote IFN-I production after exercise. Exercise largely loses the efficiency to induce IFN-I in Gpld1-/- mice. Further studies demonstrated that exercise-produced 3-hydroxybutanoic acid (3-HB) critically induces Gpld1 expression in the liver. Gpld1 blocks the PP2A-IRF3 interaction, thus enhancing IRF3 activation and IFN-I production, and eventually improving the body's antiviral ability. This study reveals that exercise improves antiviral innate immunity by linking the liver metabolism to systemic IFN-I activity and uncovers an unknown function of liver cells in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department/Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiuyi He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Anxing Niu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yukang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yibo Zuo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lichao Zang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Caixia Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Zhijin Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department/Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
- International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology of Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Nyawornota VK, Adamba C, Tay DA, Nyanyofio OC, Muomah RC, Chukwuorji JC, Nwonyi SK, Malete L, Joachim D, Ocansey RT. Self-perception of health and physical activity levels among the youth and adults before and amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1298378. [PMID: 38873289 PMCID: PMC11169886 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1298378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging research indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions led to decreased physical activity levels and poorer health globally. However, most studies on this topic have focused on advanced countries, leaving a gap in understanding the impact in countries like Ghana. This study aimed to fill this gap by assessing self-perceived health status and physical activity levels among youth and adults in Ghana before, during, and after the COVID-19 restrictions. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for informing public health interventions and policies to promote well-being during and beyond the pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey using online data collection methods was conducted, involving 937 participants. Data included demographic information, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Analysis was done using SPSS version 25, with descriptive statistics and multinomial regression. Results Most participants (89.6%) reported good health. Male participants were significantly more likely to engage in moderate (1.78 times) and high (3.17 times) physical activity during the COVID-19 period compared to females. Conclusion This study highlights gender disparities in physical activity levels during the pandemic in Ghana. Addressing these disparities and promoting healthier lifestyles, especially during crises, is crucial for general and mental health. Further research should explore socio-demographic factors' role in health behaviors during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clement Adamba
- Department of Educational Studies and Leadership, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Doris Akosua Tay
- Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Oscar C. Nyanyofio
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rosemary C. Muomah
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - JohnBosco C. Chukwuorji
- Department of Educational Studies and Leadership, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Sampson K. Nwonyi
- Department of Psychology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Leapetswe Malete
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Reginald T. Ocansey
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Malin K, Dąbrowska I, Grzędzicka J, Ostaszewski P, Carter C. Immunology of Physical Exercise: Is Equus caballus an Appropriate Animal Model for Human Athletes? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5210. [PMID: 38791248 PMCID: PMC11121269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Domestic horses routinely participate in vigorous and various athletic activities. This enables the horse to serve as a model for studying athletic physiology and immunology in other species, including humans. For instance, as a model of physical efforts, such as endurance rides (long-distance running/aerobic exercise) and races (anaerobic exercise), the horse can be useful in evaluating post-exercise response. Currently, there has been significant interest in finding biomarkers, which characterize the advancement of training and adaptation to physical exercise in the horse. The parallels in cellular responses to physical exercises, such as changes in receptor expression and blood cell activity, improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the body's response to intense physical activity. This study focuses on the changes in levels of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cellular response in the context of post-exercise immune response. Both the direction of changes in cytokine levels and cellular responses of the body, such as proliferation and expression of surface markers on lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils, show cross-functional similarities. This review reveals that horses are robust research models for studying the immune response to physical exercise in human athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
- Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malin
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Izabela Dąbrowska
- Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jowita Grzędzicka
- Department of Large Animals Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ostaszewski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Craig Carter
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;
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Zhang N, Wang X, Feng M, Li M, Wang J, Yang H, He S, Xia Z, Shang L, Jiang X, Sun M, Wu Y, Ren C, Zhang X, Li J, Gao F. Early-life exercise induces immunometabolic epigenetic modification enhancing anti-inflammatory immunity in middle-aged male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3103. [PMID: 38600123 PMCID: PMC11006929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise is usually regarded to have short-term beneficial effects on immune health. Here we show that early-life regular exercise exerts long-term beneficial effects on inflammatory immunity. Swimming training for 3 months in male mice starting from 1-month-old curbs cytokine response and mitigates sepsis when exposed to lipopolysaccharide challenge, even after an 11-month interval of detraining. Metabolomics analysis of serum and liver identifies pipecolic acid, a non-encoded amino acid, as a pivotal metabolite responding to early-life regular exercise. Importantly, pipecolic acid reduces inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived macrophages and alleviates sepsis via inhibiting mTOR complex 1 signaling. Moreover, early-life exercise increases histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation at the promoter of Crym in the liver, an enzyme responsible for catalyzing pipecolic acid production. Liver-specific knockdown of Crym in adult mice abolishes this early exercise-induced protective effects. Our findings demonstrate that early-life regular exercise enhances anti-inflammatory immunity during middle-aged phase in male mice via epigenetic immunometabolic modulation, in which hepatic pipecolic acid production has a pivotal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengya Feng
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Siyu He
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziqi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Key Laboratory of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Ministry of Education; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mao Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaoxue Ren
- School of Sport and Health Science, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Ministry of Education; Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education; School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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11
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Teległów A, Mirek W, Ptaszek B, Maciejczyk M, Godawska D, Marchewka J. Blood Morphological and Biochemical Indicator Characteristics in Men Performing Different Physical Activities in the Cold-A Preliminary Report. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:474. [PMID: 38672745 PMCID: PMC11051395 DOI: 10.3390/life14040474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This descriptive study determined whether winter swimming (WS) and outdoor amateur running (RUN) affect blood morphological and biochemical indicators in men during midseason winter swimming from November to April. There were three groups of participants, with 10 male amateurs each: RUN + WS, WS, and control. The research was performed in the middle of the winter swimming season of 2020/2021. This time period was chosen in consideration of the respondents' adaptation to winter conditions. The study involved only 10 male amateurs in each study group owing to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, which confined people to their homes. In the RUN + WS group compared with the WS group, significant decreases in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (within standard limits) (p = 0.04) and platelet distribution width (p = 0.006) were observed, with a significant increase in the red blood cell distribution width (p = 0.008) (within standard limits). The renal function, as expressed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate, was higher in the RUN + WS group (p = 0.02) (within standard limits) compared with the WS group, and the uric acid concentration was reduced (p = 0.01). In the RUN + WS group compared with the control group, significant decreases in the leukocyte count (p = 0.02) (within standard limits), monocyte count (p = 0.04) (within standard limits), and platelet distribution width (p = 0.005) were reported. The remaining indicators presented a p-value > 0.05. The two investigated forms of physical activity had no negative effect on blood morphological or biochemical indicators in male amateurs during the winter swimming midseason.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Teległów
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Basic Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wacław Mirek
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Ptaszek
- Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Dorota Godawska
- Civilization Diseases Treatment Centre, Specialist Clinics Complex, 31-559 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jakub Marchewka
- Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
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12
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Takács J, Deák D, Koller A. Higher level of physical activity reduces mental and neurological symptoms during and two years after COVID-19 infection in young women. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6927. [PMID: 38519586 PMCID: PMC10960016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found that regular physical activity (PA) can lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection and post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), yet its specific effects in young women have not yet been investigated. Thus, we aimed to examine whether regular physical activity reduces the number of symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection among young women aged between 18 and 34 (N = 802), in which the confounding effect of other morbidities could be excluded. The average time since infection was 23.5 months. Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high PA categories based on the reported minutes per week of moderate and vigorous PA. Using the Post-COVID-19 Case Report Form, 50 different symptoms were assessed. Although regular PA did not decrease the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and PCC but significantly reduced the number of mental and neurological symptoms both in acute COVID-19 and PCC. Importantly, the high level of PA had a greater impact on health improvements. In addition, the rate of reinfection decreased with an increased level of PA. In conclusion, a higher level of regular PA can reduce the risk of reinfection and the number of mental and neurological symptoms in PCC underlying the importance of regular PA, even in this and likely other viral disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Takács
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Darina Deák
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akos Koller
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, HUN-REN-SE Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disease Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Center for Sport Physiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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13
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Santos AC, Costa VDD, Silva LLD, Miguel JC, Jardim R, Dávila AMR, Paula VSD, Melgaço JG, Lago BVD, Villar LM. SARS-CoV-2 and dialysis: humoral response, clinical and laboratory impacts before vaccination. Braz J Infect Dis 2024; 28:103735. [PMID: 38467386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with kidney disease on Hemodialysis (HD) are susceptible to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) due to multiple risk factors. AIM This study aims to report the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among patients on hemodialysis before vaccination in Brazil and to compare with clinical, demographic, and laboratory data. METHODS Blood samples from 398 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients treated in three different private institutions in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil were submitted to the total anti-SARS-CoV-2 testing. Kidney, liver, and hematological markers were also determined. Respiratory samples were tested by real-time PCR for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and positive samples were subjected to high-throughput sequencing on the MinION device. RESULTS Overall, anti-SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was 54.5 % (217/398) and two individuals had SARS-CoV-2 RNA with variant B.1.1. High anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was found in male gender and those with hospital admission in the last 3-months before the inclusion in the study. Lower red blood cell count was observed in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive group. High levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 were found in those who reported symptoms, had low levels of eosinophils and low hematocrit, and who practiced physical activity. CONCLUSION High prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was found in CKD patients before the universal immunization in Brazil suggesting that dialysis patients were highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Calheiros Santos
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Duarte da Costa
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lima da Silva
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Custódio Miguel
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Jardim
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e de Sistemas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alberto Martín Rivera Dávila
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Biologia Computacional e de Sistemas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Salete de Paula
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Virologia Molecular e Parasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Gil Melgaço
- Bio-Manguinhos (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório de Tecnologia Imunológica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Barbara Vieira do Lago
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Melo Villar
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Laboratório Brasileiro de Referência em Hepatites Virais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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14
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de la Guía-Galipienso F, Palau P, Berenguel-Senen A, Perez-Quilis C, Christle JW, Myers J, Haddad F, Baggish A, D'Ascenzi F, Lavie CJ, Lippi G, Sanchis-Gomar F. Being fit in the COVID-19 era and future epidemics prevention: Importance of cardiopulmonary exercise test in fitness evaluation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 83:84-91. [PMID: 38452909 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Endurance and resistance physical activity have been shown to stimulate the production of immunoglobulins and boost the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, natural killer cells, and neutrophils in the bloodstream, thereby strengthening the ability of the innate immune system to protect against diseases and infections. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) greatly impacted people's cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health worldwide. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) remains valuable in assessing physical condition, predicting illness severity, and guiding interventions and treatments. In this narrative review, we summarize the connections and impact of COVID-19 on CRF levels and its implications on the disease's progression, prognosis, and mortality. We also emphasize the significant contribution of CPET in both clinical evaluations of recovering COVID-19 patients and scientific investigations focused on comprehending the enduring health consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando de la Guía-Galipienso
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain; REMA Sports Cardiology Clinic, Denia, Alicante, Spain; Ergospirometry Working Group Spanish Society of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Palau
- Ergospirometry Working Group Spanish Society of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berenguel-Senen
- Ergospirometry Working Group Spanish Society of Cardiology, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Prevention and Sports Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Carme Perez-Quilis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Christle
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - François Haddad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Baggish
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute for Sport Science, University of Lausanne (ISSUL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flavio D'Ascenzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Sports Cardiology and Rehab Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Lee AK, Muhamad RB, Tan VPS. Physically active primary care physicians consult more on physical activity and exercise for patients: A public teaching-hospital study. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 6:82-88. [PMID: 38463668 PMCID: PMC10918360 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise (PAE) improve quality of life and reduce the effects of chronic diseases. Primary care physicians (PCPs) play an important role to encourage PAE in patients. We aim to assess PCPs' current PAE consultation practices and their enablers/barriers in daily clinical practice. We had 64 PCPs (age [35.3 ± 4.7] y, 47 women) that completed self-administered questionnaires on PAE consultation practices, training, and confidence levels. PCPs (n = 42) also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form to assess their physical activity (PA) levels. We conducted correlation, one-way analysis of variance and a linear regression to assess the associations between enablers, barriers and PA levels to PAE consultation practices. On average, PCPs consulted on PAE in 49.7% of their daily clinical appointments. Majority of PCPs (70%) strongly agreed that more PAE knowledge were needed to increase consultation practices. Top three barriers related (p < 0.001) to practices were lack of PAE education (r = 0.47), patients' preference of pharmaceutical interventions (r = 0.45) and lack of continuing education in PAE for PCPs (r = 0.37). Physically active PCPs (health-enhancing PA levels, n = 6) gave significantly more daily consultations in PAE, 73.2% ± 21.9%, compared to inactive PCPs (n = 13), 37.4% ± 22.8% (p = 0.013). In our regression output, PCPs who had higher PA levels consulted more on PAE daily (R2 = 0.38, p < 0.001) while controlling for age. Conclusion, PCPs require more knowledge on PAE and need be physically active themselves to increase PAE consultation for patients in their daily practice. Medical education should consider including more PA and exercise topics that may benefit both physicians and their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kee Lee
- Exercise & Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Rosediani Bt Muhamad
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Vina Phei Sean Tan
- Exercise & Sports Science, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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16
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Nam JS, Kim HA, Kwak T, Cho KH, Jung IY, Moon CW. Feasibility of Mobile Health App-Based Home Aerobic Exercise for Physical Performance in Healthy Young Adults. Ann Rehabil Med 2024; 48:75-85. [PMID: 38433008 PMCID: PMC10915298 DOI: 10.5535/arm.230023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility and effects of a mobile app-based home cycling exercise program compared to home cycling exercise without additional monitoring system. Compared with fitness facilities or outdoor exercise, home-based exercise programs effectively improve physical performance in an indwelling community. However, a flexible, informal environment may decrease motivation and impair adherence to physical exercise. Mobile devices for aerobic exercise and mobile applications provide real-time monitoring, immediate feedback, and encouragement to increase motivation and promote physical performance. We investigated the feasibility and effects of a mobile app-based home exercise program on body composition, muscular strength, and cardiopulmonary function. METHODS Between February and May 2023, 20 participants were randomly allocated to the intervention (mobile application with a tablet) and control groups, and they performed aerobic exercise using a stationary bicycle for ≥150 minutes per week for 6 weeks (≤30-minute exercise session, with 3-minute warm-up and 3-minute cool-down). Karvonen formula-based heartrate defined the weekly increase in exercise intensity. Outcome measures included body-composition parameters, isokinetic knee flexor and extensor strength tests, cardiopulmonary exercise test results, and rate of target heart rate (HR) achievement. Participants were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. RESULTS Unrelated personal events led two participants to drop out. The intervention and control groups had similar baseline characteristics. Compared with the control group, in the post-intervention isokinetic strength test, bilateral knee flexor and extensor power, and time to target HR achievement significantly increased each week in the intervention group. CONCLUSION Home-based exercise to achieve long-term cardiovascular fitness with portable electronic/mobile devices facilitates individualized exercise using real-time feedback to improve motivation and adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Shik Nam
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Kang Hee Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Il-Young Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Chang-Won Moon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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17
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Aolymat I, Almadani Y, Albarakat MM, Oleimat AK, Al-Nsour M, E’lemat M. Cross-sectional insights into exercise physiology knowledge among medical students in Jordan. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241226608. [PMID: 38283645 PMCID: PMC10812099 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241226608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exercise physiology is a branch of physiology that studies how physical activity and exercise alter the structure and function of living organisms. Knowledge of exercise physiology is crucial to improve athletic performance, improve people's ability to cope with extreme circumstances and approach chronic diseases. This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge of future healthcare professionals, namely, the medical students in Jordan regarding exercise physiology. Methods Responses were collected from 524 undergraduate medical students enrolled in clinical clerkship. An online survey that evaluated participants' basic understanding of various physiological concepts related to physical exercises, such as respiratory exchange ratio, physical fitness, V̇O2 max and exercise at high altitudes was employed in the study. Results 63.2% of participants had a poor level of exercise physiology knowledge. Misconceptions regarding V̇O2 max definition (93.3%), application (46.4%), significance (35.6%) and related physiological factors (48.7%) were observed. Students had misconceptions about physical fitness evaluation questions (52.5%, 39%, and 41.8%, respectively). Student proportions of 37%, 41%, 80.3% and 73.1% showed misconceptions about muscle groups and energy systems during training, training prescription variables, respiratory exchange ratio, and high-altitude performance, respectively. Significant differences in knowledge levels were found based on respondent characteristics (p < 0.05). Conclusions Knowledge of exercise physiology is more than desirable for medical professionals. Therefore, efforts must be made to increase awareness and improve knowledge about basic physiological fundamentals related to exercise physiology among medical students in Jordan, as they represent the backbone of healthcare professionals of the future who will deal with medical conditions related to physical activity and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Aolymat
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Yara Almadani
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Majd M. Albarakat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mass Al-Nsour
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Marah E’lemat
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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18
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Ahmad NS, Karuppiah K, Praveena SM, Ali NF, Ramdas M, Mohammad Yusof NAD. Cracking the code: uncovering the factors that drive COVID-19 standard operating procedures compliance among school management in Malaysia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:556. [PMID: 38177620 PMCID: PMC10766613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaysia's government's decision to reopen schools during the COVID-19 outbreak, especially for students taking important exams, has alarmed the public. However, the Ministry of Education has implemented a COVID-19 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for educational institutions. The school management's ability to protect children from COVID-19 rests on their understanding, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 SOP compliance. This study investigated Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya school management's COVID-19 SOP compliance determinants. Multistage sampling was used to sample 740 school management from Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, and Selangor. A self-administered questionnaire collected sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle data, knowledge, attitude, and practice of COVID-19 SOP compliance. The school management had good knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 SOP. Monthly income, school location, smoking status, and physical activity differed significantly from KAP (p < 0.05). The correlation between KAP showed a significant relationship with the values (r = 0.348, p < 0.001) and (r = 0.358, p = 0.003). Nine independent variables strongly predicted SOPs compliance practice in multiple linear regression: knowledge, attitude, age, source of knowledge; Ministry of Health, physical activities, type of infectious disease exposed; Tuberculosis and Measles (p < 0.05). The data indicate that school management exhibits good knowledge, attitude, and compliance with SOPs during the pandemic. School management oversees SOPs, and to keep schools safe, management must analyse hazards and take action. Therefore, knowledge and attitude are expected to determine factors of practice toward COVID-19 SOP compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Sakinah Ahmad
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Karmegam Karuppiah
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nina Fatma Ali
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Murugadas Ramdas
- Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nur Athirah Diyana Mohammad Yusof
- Engineering and Technology Department, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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19
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Palstam A, Seljelid J, Persson HC, Sunnerhagen KS. Physical activity, acute severity and long-term consequences of COVID-19: an 18-month follow-up survey based on a Swedish national cohort. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079927. [PMID: 38176869 PMCID: PMC10773417 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how changes in levels of physical activity (PA) in regard to acute disease severity relate to perceived difficulties in performing daily life activities 18 months after COVID-19 infection. DESIGN An observational study with an 18-month follow-up survey based on registry data from a national cohort. PARTICIPANTS 5464 responders to the 18-month follow-up survey of a Swedish national cohort of 11 955 individuals on sick leave due to COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. OUTCOMES The follow-up survey included questions on daily life activities, as well as present and retrospective level of PA. Changes in PA level from before COVID-19 to follow-up were assessed by the Saltin-Grimby PA Level Scale and analysed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Comparisons of groups were analysed by the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and χ2. Multiple binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association of changes in PA with perceived difficulties in performing daily life activities. RESULTS Among the 5464 responders (45% of national cohort), the PA level decreased. Hospitalised individuals had a lower PA level both prior to COVID-19 (p=0.035) and at the 18-month follow-up (p=0.008) compared with non-hospitalised responders. However, the level of PA decreased in both groups. A decrease in PA level increased the odds (OR 5.58, 95% CI 4.90 to 6.34) of having difficulties performing daily life activities. CONCLUSIONS PA levels were reduced 18 months after COVID-19 infection. A decrease in PA over that time was associated with perceived difficulties performing daily life activities 18 months after COVID-19. As PA is important in maintaining health and deconditioning takes time to reverse, this decline may have long-term implications for PA and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Palstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Johanna Seljelid
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Charlotte Persson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Katharina S Sunnerhagen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
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20
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Smith KA, Zúñiga TM, Baker FL, Batatinha H, Pedlar CR, Burgess SC, Gustafson MP, Katsanis E, Simpson RJ. COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:99-107. [PMID: 37399887 PMCID: PMC10818112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb titers. METHODS Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. All major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before, during, and after exercise by flow cytometry, and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays, T-cell receptor (TCR)-β sequencing, and SARS-CoV-2 nAb serology. RESULTS COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded exercise. However, non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+ and CD8+ naive T-cells, as well as CD4+ central memory T-cells, after vaccination (synthetic immunity group); this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (hybrid immunity group). Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent manner. Both groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein; however, only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid antigens. nAbs increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity group. CONCLUSION These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Smith
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Tiffany M Zúñiga
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Forrest L Baker
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Helena Batatinha
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Charles R Pedlar
- Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Science, St. Mary's University, Twickenham TW1 4SX, UK; Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College London, London WC1E 7HU, UK
| | - Shane C Burgess
- Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - Michael P Gustafson
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Emmanuel Katsanis
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; The University of Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Pathology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Richard J Simpson
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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21
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Haischer MH, Opielinski LE, Mirkes LM, Uhrich TD, Bollaert RE, Danduran M, Bement MH, Piacentine LB, Papanek PE, Hunter SK. Heart rate variability is reduced in COVID-19 survivors and associated with physical activity and fatigue. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15912. [PMID: 38243329 PMCID: PMC10799199 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Reduced heart rate variability (HRV) and fatigue are common after COVID-19 infection and both are potentially influenced by physical activity (PA). We compared resting HRV, PA from accelerometers and questionnaires, and self-reported fatigue in 41 COVID-19 survivors (~8 months postinfection, 38 ± 17 years) with 41 matched controls. Differences in HRV were observed on acceleration capacity (p = 0.041), deceleration capacity (p = 0.032), high-frequency peak frequency (p = 0.019), absolute low-frequency power (p = 0.042), relative very low-frequency power (p = 0.012), SD2 (from Poincare plot; p = 0.047), and DFA2 (slope of long-term detrended fluctuation analysis; p = 0.004). Fatigue was greater in COVID-19 survivors (p < 0.001) with no differences in PA. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (Standardized Beta = -0.427, p = 0.003) and steps per day (Standardized Beta = -0.402, p = 0.007) were associated with DFA2 in COVID-19 survivors after controlling for age, sex, and body fat percentage. Fatigue was correlated to less MVPA (Spearman's rho = 0.342, p = 0.031) and fewer steps per day (rho = 0.329, p = 0.038) in COVID-19 survivors, and was indirectly linked to HRV through these PA mediators (Estimate = -0.20; p = 0.040). We present a model showing the complex relations between HRV, PA, and fatigue that provides the foundation for strategies to improve outcomes and rehabilitation after COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Haischer
- Exercise Science ProgramMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Athletic and Human Performance Research CenterMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Lindsey M. Mirkes
- Department of Physical TherapyMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- College of NursingMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Toni D. Uhrich
- Exercise Science ProgramMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Athletic and Human Performance Research CenterMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Human Performance Assessment CoreMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Michael Danduran
- Exercise Science ProgramMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Children’s WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Linda B. Piacentine
- Athletic and Human Performance Research CenterMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- College of NursingMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Paula E. Papanek
- Exercise Science ProgramMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Sandra K. Hunter
- Exercise Science ProgramMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- Athletic and Human Performance Research CenterMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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22
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You M. Role of Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza: A Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:115. [PMID: 38042758 PMCID: PMC10693535 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many concerns regarding respiratory diseases, including influenza, emerged during the epidemic of COVID-19. There were relevant research findings and suggestions for influenza prevention and treatment through physical activity, but little report about the total efficiency. So, this review was to summarize the role of physical activity in influenza prevention and treatment. MAIN BODY The databases Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO, PubMed, CNKI, and Science Direct were used to search the related literatures. The first search ran from July to October, 2021, and the second search was conducted in September, 2023. Those publications that reported the effects of physical activity, exercise, and sport on influenza, flu, and cold were included. It found that long-term adherence to moderate physical activity is beneficial in enhancing the body's ability to resist influenza viruses. However, high-intensity endurance physical activity can cause an open window in the human immune system, which increases the risk of infection by influenza viruses. The patients with influenza infections can participate in moderate physical activity during the pre-onset period, but some of the researchers do not recommend physical activity for patients with influenza, avoiding the transmission of influenza viruses to others through human contact of physical activity. Moreover, animal studies have shown that physical activity may worsen influenza disease. While studies found that moderate physical activity is beneficial for preventing influenza, as most experimental studies were conducted on animals, the mechanisms in human with physical activity are still unclear. No study has yet suggested exercise prescriptions to prevent and control influenza, and there is currently no way to prevent or control influenza just through physical activity. The follow-up research is needed to increase human clinical experiments, elucidate the effect of physical activity on influenza, develop exercise prescriptions and gradually promote physical activity as a practical means for preventing and treating influenza. SHORT CONCLUSIONS Overall, participating in moderate physical activity regularly should be beneficial in influenza prevention, alleviating the patients' symptoms and increasing the recovery efficiency, but this needs more testing in clinical human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin You
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, No. 99, Ziyang Street, Gaoxin District, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China.
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23
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Ungvari Z, Fazekas-Pongor V, Csiszar A, Kunutsor SK. The multifaceted benefits of walking for healthy aging: from Blue Zones to molecular mechanisms. GeroScience 2023; 45:3211-3239. [PMID: 37495893 PMCID: PMC10643563 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, including walking, has numerous health benefits in older adults, supported by a plethora of observational and interventional studies. Walking decreases the risk or severity of various health outcomes such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia, while also improving mental well-being, sleep, and longevity. Dose-response relationships for walking duration and intensity are established for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Walking's favorable effects on cardiovascular risk factors are attributed to its impact on circulatory, cardiopulmonary, and immune function. Meeting current physical activity guidelines by walking briskly for 30 min per day for 5 days can reduce the risk of several age-associated diseases. Additionally, low-intensity physical exercise, including walking, exerts anti-aging effects and helps prevent age-related diseases, making it a powerful tool for promoting healthy aging. This is exemplified by the lifestyles of individuals in Blue Zones, regions of the world with the highest concentration of centenarians. Walking and other low-intensity physical activities contribute significantly to the longevity of individuals in these regions, with walking being an integral part of their daily lives. Thus, incorporating walking into daily routines and encouraging walking-based physical activity interventions can be an effective strategy for promoting healthy aging and improving health outcomes in all populations. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the vast and consistent evidence supporting the health benefits of physical activity, with a specific focus on walking, and to discuss the impact of walking on various health outcomes, including the prevention of age-related diseases. Furthermore, this review will delve into the evidence on the impact of walking and low-intensity physical activity on specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging, providing insights into the underlying biological mechanisms through which walking exerts its beneficial anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | | | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4WP, UK.
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24
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Souto FO, Castoldi A, Campos EZ, Kostka T. Editorial: The role of different physical exercise protocols on immunological and immunometabolic profile in physiological and chronic diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1327967. [PMID: 38022665 PMCID: PMC10666626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1327967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zapaterra Campos
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Sports Performance Research Nucleus (NIDE), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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25
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Park HY, Jung K, Jung WS, Kim SW, Kim J, Lim K. Effects of Online Pilates and Face-to-Face Pilates Intervention on Body Composition, Muscle Mechanical Properties, Cardiometabolic Parameters, Mental Health, and Physical Fitness in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2768. [PMID: 37893842 PMCID: PMC10606084 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019, individuals have been participating in online exercises to maintain their health while avoiding infection. Among these online exercises, Pilates intervention is a popular modality. This study aimed to examine the differences between online and face-to-face Pilates interventions in terms of various physiological parameters and included 30 middle-aged individuals (age 43.3 ± 5.5 years) with obesity. These individuals were randomly divided into a face-to-face Pilates group (FPG), an online Pilates group (OPG), and a control group (CG). The FPG and OPG performed a 60-min mat Pilates program with a Borg scale of 11-17, three times a week for 12 weeks. The participants in the CG maintained their daily routines. Body composition, mechanical muscle properties, cardiometabolic parameters, mental health, and physical fitness were assessed before and after 12 weeks of intervention. No significant differences in body composition or cardiometabolic parameters were observed between groups. However, the FPG and OPG showed greater improvements than the CG in terms of muscle mechanical properties, cardiometabolic parameters, mental health, and physical fitness. In addition, the FPG showed greater improvement than the OPG. In conclusion, face-to-face Pilates is a more effective modality than online Pilates, although both modalities improve health-related parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyounghwa Jung
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sang Jung
- Department of Senior Exercise Prescription, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.P.); (S.-W.K.); (J.K.)
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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26
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Kim JJ, Ahn A, Ying J, Hickman E, Ludlow AT. Exercise as a Therapy to Maintain Telomere Function and Prevent Cellular Senescence. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:150-160. [PMID: 37288975 PMCID: PMC10526708 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exercise transiently impacts the expression, regulation, and activity of TERT/telomerase to maintain telomeres and protect the genome from insults. By protecting the telomeres (chromosome ends) and the genome, telomerase promotes cellular survival and prevents cellular senescence. By increasing cellular resiliency, via the actions of telomerase and TERT, exercise promotes healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongjin J Kim
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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27
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Uddin N, Acter T, Rashid MH, Chowdhury AI, Jahan EA. Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic by strengthening immunity as a nonpharmaceutical intervention: A major public health challenge. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1562. [PMID: 37720166 PMCID: PMC10500053 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The global Coronavirus-2 outbreak has emerged as a significant threat to majority of individuals around the world. The most effective solution for addressing this viral outbreak is through vaccination. Simultaneously, the virus's mutation capabilities pose a potential risk to the effectiveness of both vaccines and, in certain instances, newly developed drugs. Conversely, the human body's immune system exhibits a robust ability to combat viral outbreaks with substantial confidence, as evidenced by the ratio of fatalities to affected individuals worldwide. Hence, an alternative strategy to mitigate this pandemic could involve enhancing the immune system's resilience. Methods The research objective of the review is to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the role of inflammation and immunity in COVID-19. The pertinent literature concerning immune system functions, the impact of inflammation against viruses like SARS-CoV-2, and the connection between nutritional interventions, inflammation, and immunity was systematically explored. Results Enhancing immune function involves mitigating the impact of key factors that negatively influence the immune response. Strengthening the immune system against emerging diseases can be achieved through nonpharmaceutical measures such as maintaining a balanced nutrition, engaging in regular exercise, ensuring adequate sleep, and managing stress. Conclusion This review aims to convey the significance of and provide recommendations for immune-strengthening strategies amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health ScienceDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical SciencesEast West UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Harun‐Ar Rashid
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health ScienceDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Akibul Islam Chowdhury
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health ScienceDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Effat Ara Jahan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health ScienceDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh
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28
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Hasenoehrl T, Palma S, Huber DFX, Kastl S, Steiner M, Jordakieva G, Crevenna R. Post-COVID: effects of physical exercise on functional status and work ability in health care personnel. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:2872-2878. [PMID: 35980383 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2111467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Post-COVID fatigue significantly limits recovery and return-to-work in COVID-19 survivors. We aimed to assess the effects of physical exercising on post-COVID-19-symptoms, physical/mental capacities and workability within a workplace-health-promotion project in health-care personnel. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two HCWs were enrolled in two groups based on Post-COVID-Functional Scale (PCFS) scores: (1) severe (SSG, n = 11) and (2) mild (MSG, n = 21) symptoms. The participants underwent an eight week exercise intervention program consisting of two supervised resistance exercise sessions per week plus individual aerobic exercise recommendations. Primary outcome-parameter for physical fitness was VO2peak. Further, physical function (6MWT, 30 s sit-to-stand test (30secSTS)), mental health (anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), stress (PSS-10), fatigue (BFI), resilience (BRS)), cognitive capacity (MoCA) and workability (WAI) were assessed at baseline, after 4 weeks and after completion of exercise intervention. RESULTS VO2peak improved significantly in the SSG by 2.4 ml/kg/min (95% CI [1.48; 3.01], adj.p < 0.001) and non-significantly in the MSG by 1.27 ml/kg/min (adj.p = 0.096). Both groups significantly improved their 30secSTS (p = 0.0236) and 6MWT (p = 0.0252) outcomes in both follow-ups (4 weeks and 8 weeks after inclusion). The SSG improved more than the MSG in VO2peak and 6MWT both after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, although not statistically significant; findings were vice versa for the 30secSTS. 30secSTS outcomes correlated significantly with mental health outcomes and workability. CONCLUSIONS Post-COVID exercise intervention improved physical fitness, psychological outcomes and workability in HCWs. Cases with severe fatigue showed higher benefit levels compared to those with mild symptoms. The safe and highly feasible 30secSTS correlated well with physical and mental outcomes and better workability in COVID-19 survivors.Implications for rehabilitationPhysical exercising showed to be an effective intervention method in the rehabilitation of COVID-19 survivors suffering from post-COVID syndrome by positively affecting both physical and mental health.In health care workers suffering from post-COVID syndrome, increases in physical performance are directly related to improvements in work ability.The 30 s sit-to-stand test (30secSTS) showed promising results as clinical assessment tool.The results of this study indicate that physical exercising will need to play a large and substantial role over the next years in the rehabilitation of COVID-19 survivors suffering from post-COVID-19-syndrome as it positively affects both physical and mental dimensions of the post-COVID-19-syndrome as well as work ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hasenoehrl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefano Palma
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominikus F-X Huber
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kastl
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Steiner
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Galateja Jordakieva
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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29
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Arovah NI, Thu DTA, Kurniawaty J, Haroen H. Physical activity and immunity in obese older adults: A systematic bibliographic analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 5:181-189. [PMID: 37753429 PMCID: PMC10518798 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on the roles of physical activity in immune functioning. However, reviews on the effect of physical activity on immune function among obese older adults are scarce. This study aimed to map the trend and development of the key terms and prominent sources to identify potential research opportunities through a systematic bibliographic analysis. A systematic search was conducted in the Scopus database on the following query: (sport∗ OR "physical activity" OR exercise) AND (elderly OR "older adult∗" OR aging) AND (immun∗) AND (obes∗) AND NOT (animal), in March 2023. Publication timing and citation were descriptively analyzed, followed by the bibliographic coupling and the term co-occurrence analyses for generating network and overlay visualization mapping using the VOSviewers software. The search resulted in 426 articles dating back from 1991 to the present and were dominated by authors from Western countries. Three thematic clusters of this research area were generated, covering (1) the impact of physical activity or inactivity on health, (2) physical activity assessments and the use of association and cross-sectional study as the primary type of research, and (3) the physical activity impacts at the population level. For future research, more intervention studies are needed to understand how exercise affects immune response in older obese adults and to explore optimal duration, type, and intensity of the exercise, using a multi-omics approach. Studies in non-Western populations and systematic reviews are recommended to complement this bibliographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novita Intan Arovah
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jalan Colombo No 1 Karangmalang, Yogyakarta, 55228, Indonesia
| | - Dang Thi Anh Thu
- School of Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 06 Ngo Quyen, Vinh Ninh Ward, Hue City, Viet Nam
| | - Juni Kurniawaty
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Jln. Kesehatan No.1, Sekip, Yogyakarta, 55231, Indonesia
| | - Hartiah Haroen
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjajaran, Hegarmanah, Kec. Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia
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30
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Cavallo M, Morgana G, Dozzani I, Gatti A, Vandoni M, Pippi R, Pucci G, Vaudo G, Fanelli CG. Unraveling Barriers to a Healthy Lifestyle: Understanding Barriers to Diet and Physical Activity in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3473. [PMID: 37571410 PMCID: PMC10421422 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the important contribution of nutrition and physical activity to people's health is known, it is equally well known that there are many barriers to adherence to healthy habits (i.e., of an organizational, economic, and/or psychological nature) experienced by the general population, as well as by people with non-communicable diseases. Knowledge of these barriers seems essential to the implementation of the activities and strategies needed to overcome them. Here, we aim to highlight the most frequent barriers to nutrition and exercise improvement that patients with chronic-degenerative diseases experience. Drawing from the Pubmed database, our analysis includes quantitative or mixed descriptive studies published within the last 10 years, involving adult participants with non-communicable diseases. Barriers of an organizational nature, as well as those of an environmental, economic, or psychological nature, are reported. The study of patients' barriers enables healthcare and non-health professionals, stakeholders, and policymakers to propose truly effective solutions that can help both the general population and those with chronic pathologies to adhere to a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Cavallo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Piazzale Tristano Di Joannuccio, 1, T05100 Terni, Italy; (M.C.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Giovanni Morgana
- Post-Graduate School of Sports Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Ivan Dozzani
- Post-Graduate School of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Roberto Pippi
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, C.U.R.I.A.Mo. (Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Piazzale Tristano Di Joannuccio, 1, T05100 Terni, Italy; (M.C.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Gaetano Vaudo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Piazzale Tristano Di Joannuccio, 1, T05100 Terni, Italy; (M.C.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Carmine Giuseppe Fanelli
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, C.U.R.I.A.Mo. (Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
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Luck JC, Blaha C, Cauffman A, Gao Z, Arnold AC, Cui J, Sinoway LI. Autonomic and vascular function testing in collegiate athletes following SARS-CoV-2 infection: an exploratory study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1225814. [PMID: 37528892 PMCID: PMC10389084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1225814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection alters autonomic and vascular function in young, otherwise healthy, adults. However, whether these alterations exist in young competitive athletes remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the effects of COVID-19 on cardiac autonomic control and vascular function in collegiate athletes who tested positive for COVID-19, acknowledging the limitations imposed by the early stages of the pandemic. Methods: Sixteen collegiate athletes from various sports underwent a battery of commonly used autonomic and vascular function tests (23 ± 9, range: 12-44 days post-infection). Additionally, data from 26 healthy control participants were included. Results: In response to the Valsalva maneuver, nine athletes had a reduced early phase II blood pressure response and/or reduced Valsalva ratio. A depressed respiratory sinus arrhythmia amplitude was observed in three athletes. Three athletes became presyncopal during standing and did not complete the 10-min orthostatic challenge. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, when allometrically scaled to account for differences in baseline diameter, was not different between athletes and controls (10.0% ± 3.5% vs. 7.1% ± 2.4%, p = 0.058). Additionally, no differences were observed between groups when FMD responses were normalized by shear rate (athletes: 0.055% ± 0.026%/s-1, controls: 0.068% ± 0.049%/s-1, p = 0.40). Discussion: Few atypical and borderline responses to autonomic function tests were observed in athletes following an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most meaningful autonomic abnormality being the failure of three athletes to complete a 10-min orthostatic challenge. These findings suggest that some athletes may develop mild alterations in autonomic function in the weeks after developing COVID-19, while vascular function is not significantly impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Carter Luck
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Cheryl Blaha
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Aimee Cauffman
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Zhaohui Gao
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Amy C. Arnold
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Jian Cui
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Lawrence I. Sinoway
- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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Luo X, Zhang H, Cao X, Yang D, Yan Y, Lu J, Wang X, Wang H. Endurance Exercise-Induced Fgf21 Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Conversion through TGF-β1 and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11401. [PMID: 37511159 PMCID: PMC10379449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fgf21 has been identified as playing a regulatory role in muscle growth and function. Although the mechanisms through which endurance training regulates skeletal muscle have been widely studied, the contribution of Fgf21 remains poorly understood. Here, muscle size and function were measured, and markers of fiber type were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, or qPCR in endurance-exercise-trained wild-type and Fgf21 KO mice. We also investigated Fgf21-induced fiber conversion in C2C12 cells, which were incubated with lentivirus and/or pathway inhibitors. We found that endurance exercise training enhanced the Fgf21 levels of liver and GAS muscle and exercise capacity and decreased the distribution of skeletal muscle fiber size, and fast-twitch fibers were observed converting to slow-twitch fibers in the GAS muscle of mice. Fgf21 promoted the markers of fiber-type transition and eMyHC-positive myotubes by inhibiting the TGF-β1 signaling axis and activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway without apparent crosstalk. Our findings suggest that the transformation and function of skeletal muscle fiber types in response to endurance training could be mediated by Fgf21 and its downstream signaling pathways. Our results illuminate the mechanisms of Fgf21 in endurance-exercise-induced fiber-type conversion and suggest a potential use of Fgf21 in improving muscle health and combating fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomao Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaorui Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ding Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jiayin Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Albaqami FF, Altharawi A, Althurwi HN, Alharthy KM, Tahir ul Qamar M, Muhseen ZT, Iqbal M. Development of a Novel Vaccine Candidates against Cardiobacterium valvarum through Reverse Vaccinology and Computational Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:6325568. [PMID: 37415928 PMCID: PMC10322295 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6325568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that has resulted in high healthcare costs, increased mortality, and the emergence of novel bacterial diseases. Cardiobacterium valvarum, an antibiotic-resistant bacterium, is one of the leading causes of heart disease. Currently, there is no licensed vaccination against C. valvarum. In this research, an in silico-based vaccine was designed against C. valvarum using reverse vaccinology, bioinformatics, and immunoinformatics techniques. 4206 core proteins, 2027 nonredundant proteins, and 2179 redundant proteins were predicted. Among nonredundant proteins, 23 proteins were predicted in an extracellular membrane, 30 in the outer membrane, and 62 in the periplasmic membrane region. After applying several subtractive proteomics filters, two proteins, TonB-dependent siderophore receptor and hypothetical protein, were chosen for epitope prediction. In the epitope selection phase, B and T-cellepitopes were analyzed and shortlisted for vaccine design. The vaccine model was designed by linking selected epitopes with GPGPG linkers to avoid flexibility. Furthermore, the vaccine model was linked to cholera toxin B adjuvant to induce a proper immune response. The docking approach was utilized to analyze binding affinity to immune cell receptors. Molecular docking results predicted 12.75 kcal/mol for a Vaccine with MHC-I, 6.89 for a vaccine with MHC-II, and 19.51 vaccine with TLR-4. The MMGBSA estimated -94, -78, and -76 kcal/mol for TLR-4 and vaccine, MHC-I and vaccine, and MHC-II and vaccine, while the MMPBSA analysis estimated -97, -61, and -72 kcal/mol for TLR-4 with the vaccine, MHC-I with vaccine, and MHC-II with a vaccine. Molecular dynamic simulation analysis revealed that the designed vaccine construct has proper stability with immune cell receptors as it is essential for inducing an immune response. In conclusion, we observed that the model vaccine candidate has the potency to induce an immune response in the host. However, the study is designed purely on a computational basis; hence, experimental validation is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F. Albaqami
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan N. Althurwi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ziyad Tariq Muhseen
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | - Madiha Iqbal
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Sellami M, Puce L, Bragazzi NL. Immunological Response to Exercise in Athletes with Disabilities: A Narrative Review of the Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1692. [PMID: 37372810 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For a person with a disability, participating in sports activities and/or competitions can be a challenge for the immune system. The relationship between exercise and immunity response in disabled athletes is, indeed, extremely complex for several reasons, including (1) the chronic low-grade inflammatory and immunodepression-"secondary immune deficiency"-state imposed by the disability/impairment; (2) the impact of the disability on an array of variables, spanning from physical fitness to well-being, quality of life, sleep, and nutritional aspects, among others, which are known to mediate/modulate the effects of exercise on human health; (3) the variability of the parameters related to the exercise/physical activity (modality, frequency, intensity, duration, training versus competition, etc.); and (4) the intra- and inter-individual variability of the immunological response to exercise. In able-bodied athletes, previously published data described several exercise-induced changes affecting various immunological subsets and subpopulations, ranging from neutrophils to lymphocytes, and monocytes. Broadly, moderate intensity workout is accompanied by optimal immunity and resistance to infections such as upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in athletes. Periods of intense training with insufficient recovery can cause a temporary state of immunosuppression, which should end with a few days of rest/recovery from exercise. Disabled athletes are relatively overlooked and understudied with respect to their able-bodied counterparts. Findings from the few studies available on paralympic and disabled athletes are here summarized and analyzed utilizing a narrative approach to review and determine the major features of the immunological and inflammatory responses to exercise in this specific population. Moreover, a few studies have reported behavioral, dietary, and training strategies that can be adopted to limit exercise-induced immunosuppression and reduce the risk of infection in people with disabilities. However, given the paucity of data and contrasting findings, future high-quality investigations on paralympic and disabled athletes are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Luca Puce
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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HALABCHI FARZIN, MAHDAVIANI BEHNAZ, TAZESH BEHNAZ, SHAB-BIDAR SAKINEH, SELK-GHAFFARI MARYAM. Association between physical activity and risk of COVID-19 infection or clinical outcomes of the patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2023; 64:E123-E136. [PMID: 37654858 PMCID: PMC10468187 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious consequences for global health and economy. The important question is whether the level of physical activity might influence the risk of COVID-19 incidence or clinical outcomes, including the severity or mortality of infected patients. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between sufficient physical activity and incidence, hospitalization, severity, recovery, and mortality of COVID-19. Methods A systematic search of Web of Sciences, PubMed, and Scopus between December 2019 and November 2021 was conducted. Studies were screened based on the inclusion criteria, i.e. observational studies (case-control, prospective or retrospective longitudinal designs, and cross-sectional studies) which have determined the association of physical activity, exercise, sports participation, or sedentary behavior with COVID-19 incidence or outcomes, including mortality, severity, recovery and hospitalization in healthy population or population with any specific comorbidity. Results Based on eligibility criteria, 27 articles were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. The meta-analysis of five studies evaluating the association of physical activity and COVID-19 mortality showed a weighted OR of OR of 0.61 (CI 95%: 0.50-0.75) with heterogeneity (I2 = 45.8%, P < 0.001) and in seven studies regarding physical activity and COVID-19 hospitalization, weighted OR was 0.541 (CI 95%: 0.491-0.595) with heterogeneity (I2 = 81.7%, P < 0.001). Conclusion Participating in sufficient physical activity might decrease COVID-19 related COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality. Developing programs to increase physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic might be an appropriate health strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- FARZIN HALABCHI
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - BEHNAZ MAHDAVIANI
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - BEHNAZ TAZESH
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - SAKINEH SHAB-BIDAR
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MARYAM SELK-GHAFFARI
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Faghy MA, Ashton REM, Gough L, Arena R, Lavie CJ, Ozemek C. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Health. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:754-760. [PMID: 36907378 PMCID: PMC10005839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading noncommunicable disease and cause of premature mortality globally. Despite well established evidence of a cause-effect relationship between modifiable lifestyle behaviours and the onset of risk of chronic disease, preventive approaches to curtail increasing prevalence have been ineffective. This has undoubtedly been exacerbated by the response to COVID-19, which saw widespread national lockdowns implemented to reduce transmission and alleviate pressure on strained health care systems. A consequence of these approaches was a well documented negative impact on population health in the context of both physical and mental well-being. Although the true extent of the impact of the COVID-19 response on global health has yet to be fully realised or understood, it seems prudent to review effective preventative and management strategies that have yielded positive outcomes across the spectrum (ie, from individual to society). There is also a clear need to heed lessons learned from the COVID-19 experience in the power of collaboration and how this can be used in the design, development, and implementation of future approaches to address the longstanding burden of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Ruth E M Ashton
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lewis Gough
- Human Performance and Health Group, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Arena
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, the University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection Network, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Roever L, Cavalcante BRR, Improta-Caria AC. Long-term consequences of COVID-19 on mental health and the impact of a physically active lifestyle: a narrative review. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:19. [PMID: 37170283 PMCID: PMC10174610 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory viruses damage not only the upper respiratory tract in humans, but also several different organs such as the brain. Some of the neurological consequences of COVID-19 reported are anosmia, headache, stroke, declined cognitive function, and impaired mental health, among others. People who had COVID-19 have a higher risk of sequelae in the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is not known which are all possible sequelae and how long will last the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral patterns and quality of life. AIM We intend to address the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on mental health and the relevance of physical exercise during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a literature search using PubMed to find the articles that were related to these themes. RESULTS We found 23,489 papers initially, and then we applied the inclusion/exclusion criteria to narrow down our search to 3617 articles and selected 1380 eligible articles after a thorough reading of titles and abstracts. The findings indicated that COVID-19 impacted general mental health and led many not only hospitalized patients to develop cognitive decline, memory impairment, anxiety, sleep alterations, and depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, the fear of vaccines and their effects had negatively affected mental health and directly impacted mortality rates in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS Preventive measures must be undertaken, such as the vaccination of the entire population, vaccination hesitancy discouragement by creating awareness among individuals, and people's engagement in a physically active lifestyle, since being physically active is a low-cost and effective measure to restore or inhibit the negative outcomes from COVID-19 on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Roever
- Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
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Thirupathi A, Yong W, Oflaz O, Agascioglu E, Gu Y. Exercise and COVID-19: exercise intensity reassures immunological benefits of post-COVID-19 condition. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1036925. [PMID: 37275224 PMCID: PMC10233405 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1036925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Any form of physical activity, including exercise, has various benefits at the physiological (improving cardiac and respiratory functions, increasing skeletal muscle mass, and maintaining homeostasis) and psychological levels (improving cognitive function, reducing anxiety and depression) which help to combat any type of infection. In contrast, the infectivity ratio could reduce the physical activity of an individual, such as performing a habitual exercise. Adaptation to different exercise strategies including intensity and duration may better increase physical performance and improve the symptoms. For example, low to moderate intensity perhaps fails to induce this adaptive process, while high-intensity of exercise compromises immune health. This can aggravate the infection rate (Open window theory). However, high intensity with a shorter time produces various morphological alterations in the primary organs including the lungs and heart, which facilitate life support in COVID-19 patients. However, less information about exercise protocols failed to assure the benefits of exercise to COVID-19 patients, particularly post-COVID-19 conditions. Therefore, this review will answer how exercise intensity is crucial to reassure the exercise benefits for promoting safe participation before infection and post-COVID-19 conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Thirupathi
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wang Yong
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ofcan Oflaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Eda Agascioglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Research Academy of Medicine Combining Sports, Ningbo No 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Tartibian B, Azadpour N, Eslami R, Khayat SMA. Home-based exercise alters pulmonary function and cellular stress markers in overweight middle-aged men during covid-19 Home quarantine. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:61. [PMID: 37081518 PMCID: PMC10116448 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00673-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combined home-based exercise program on potential indicators of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in overweight middle-aged men during home quarantine caused by COVID-19. METHODS Forty men (aged 45-64 years) were assigned to the exercise (EXE, n = 20) or control (CON, n = 20) groups. A 6-week combined program was carried out three days/week, starting at 20 min per session at 50% maximal heart rate (HRmax) and advancing to 45 min at 70% HRmax. Pulmonary functional and cellular stress biomarkers were measured before and after the training program. Analysis of the covariance (ANCOVA) was used for comparison between the two groups considering the baseline values. RESULTS Thirty-six participants (EXE, n = 17; CON, n = 19) completed the research protocol. The EXE group showed post-training improvements in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, Vital capacity (VC), and Forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF25-75) compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). Further, the plasma levels of fibrinogen, Interleukin (IL)-6, Interleukin (IL)-1β, D-dimer, and angiotensin (Ang II) decreased in the EXE group compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). After six weeks of the training program, leukocyte counts increased in the EXE group compared to the CON group (P < 0. 05). There was a significant positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) with cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers other than white blood cells (WBC) in the EXE group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that combined home-based exercise during home quarantine improves risk factors for severe COVID-19 in overweight middle-aged men. These improvements were further correlated with changes in BMI. Future research is required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Noushin Azadpour
- Department of Physiotherapy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Rasoul Eslami
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirwan Mohammad Amini Khayat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Song IA, Oh TK. Prior Lifestyle and Survival Outcomes After Intensive Care Unit Admission. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e97. [PMID: 37012685 PMCID: PMC10070053 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lifestyle is an important and modifiable risk factor for health-related outcomes, no study has focused on the impact of prior lifestyle habits on mortality among critically ill patients after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether prior lifestyle factors affected short- and long-term survival after ICU admission. METHODS In this population-based cohort study using a nationwide registration database in South Korea, we included all patients who were admitted to the ICU between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 and who had undergone standardized health examinations in the year prior to ICU admission. Three lifestyle factors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity) were evaluated prior to ICU admission. RESULTS In total, 585,383 patients admitted to the ICU between 2010 and 2018 were included in the analysis. Of them, 59,075 (10.1%) and 113,476 (19.4%) patients died within 30 days and 1 year after ICU admission, respectively. Current smoking, mild alcohol consumption, and heavy alcohol consumption were not associated with 30-day mortality after ICU admission. One to 3 days per week of intensive physical activity, 4-5 days and 6-7 days per week of moderate physical activity, and 1-3 days, 4-5 days, and 6-7 days per week of mild physical activity were associated with lower odds of 30-day mortality after ICU admission. Similar results were observed for the analyses of 1-year all-cause mortality after ICU admission. CONCLUSION Prior lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, were associated with the improvement of both short- and long-term survival outcomes in South Korea. This association was more evident for mild physical activities, such as walking, than for intensive physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Rejeki PS, Witarto BS, Witarto AP, Rifdah SN, Wafa IA, Utami DM, Izzatunnisa N, Kencono Wungu CD, Khaerunnisa S, Sakina, Fazleen Mohd Fathil NE. Importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:311-320. [PMID: 36957989 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been shown to have a favorable effect on many diseases as a complementary therapy and is a critical component of healthy living. During the pandemic era, physical activity has been promoted for resistance against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is scarce evidence on whether MVPA could reduce the infectivity and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of MVPA on morbidity, mortality, and duration of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients. We performed a comprehensive search of five online databases for eligible studies up to September 9, 2021. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine the association between MVPA and COVID-19-related morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. The odds ratio (OR) was applied as the summary statistic for the primary outcomes. Secondary analyses were conducted to evaluate the difference in the metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) between the outcome and non-outcome groups with the mean difference as the pooled effect. This meta-analysis included eight observational studies. We found that MVPA significantly reduced the odds of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR=0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85-0.92), hospitalization (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.35-0.92), and mortality (OR=0.42; 95% CI=0.21-0.81) due to COVID-19 compared to no physical activity. METs≥500 min/week were linked to decreased morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 (OR=0.94 [95% CI=0.90-0.98]; OR=0.56 [95% CI=0.38-0.83]). COVID-19 patients with MVPA demonstrated a lower risk of COVID-19-related morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality compared to those who were less active, highlighting the importance of an active lifestyle despite the pandemic situation where such activities are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purwo Sri Rejeki
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Bendix Samarta Witarto
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Andro Pramana Witarto
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Ifan Ali Wafa
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dita Mega Utami
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Nabilah Izzatunnisa
- Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Siti Khaerunnisa
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Sakina
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
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Piva T, Masotti S, Raisi A, Zerbini V, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Belvederi Murri M, Mandini S. Exercise program for the management of anxiety and depression in adults and elderly subjects: Is it applicable to patients with post-covid-19 condition? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:273-281. [PMID: 36634854 PMCID: PMC9829440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic had dramatic effect on mental health, causing long-term psychiatricmorbidity. At present, there are no randomized trials reporting the effect of physical exercise on individuals with post- Covid-19 condition are available. The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence regarding the evidence on exercise as a treatment for anxiety and depression symptoms secondary to chronic diseases, which may be generalized to individuals suffering from the post- Covid-19 condition. Trials were included if they reported the effects of physical exercise programs on anxiety or depression symptoms in adults, either healthy or affected by chronic diseases. Outcomes were changes of anxiety or depression severity after an exercise-based intervention. Of the 2161 RCTs identified, eight out of 15 studies were included. Exercise was associated with greater improvements of depressive (SMD = -0.169; 95 % CI -0.302 at -0.003; p = 0.013) and anxiety symptoms (SMD = -0.263, 95 % CI -0.418 at -0.109; p = 0.001), compared with control interventions. Supervised exercise programs were effective against symptoms of anxiety or depression among individuals with chronich illnesses. Pending specific clinical trials, exercise may be considered for adoption among patients with the post Covid-19 condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Piva
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Masotti
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Raisi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Valentina Zerbini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grazzi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy,Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy,Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Mandini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sports, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
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43
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Murphy J, Mansergh F, O'Donoghue G, van Nassau F, Cooper J, Grady C, Murphy N, Bengoechea EG, Murphy MH, Cullen B, Woods CB. Factors related to the implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions in Ireland: a qualitative study with policy makers, funders, researchers and practitioners. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:16. [PMID: 36788567 PMCID: PMC9926412 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current literature reports a gap between development of effective interventions to promote physical activity and the systematic uptake into real-world settings. Factors relating to implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions have been examined, however the perspectives of multiple stakeholders from different domains are not well researched. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived factors related to physical activity intervention implementation and scale-up in different domains from different stakeholders on the island of Ireland. METHODS Practitioners, researchers, funders and policy makers in Ireland were invited to take part in a semi-structured interview exploring factors related to the implementation and scale-up of eleven different physical activity interventions. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify factors related to the implementation and scale-up of the included interventions. The data collection and analysis were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. RESULTS Thirty-eight participants took part in the interviews which identified factors related to 1) intervention planning and practical considerations; 2) organisational structures, staffing and resources related to delivery; 3) reflection, evaluation and updating of the intervention; and 4) practical consideration related to scale-up. Furthermore, participants referred to the ongoing commitment, engagement, and support needed throughout the implementation process. CONCLUSIONS Future research and practice needs to consider how different factors are experienced at different implementation stages and by the different stakeholder groups involved. The findings highlight multiple inter-related factors that influence the implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions, but also identifies many strategies that can be utilised to aid future successes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Murphy
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Fiona Mansergh
- Department of Health, Healthy Ireland, Block 1, Miesian Plaza, 50-58 Lower Baggot Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne O'Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jemima Cooper
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Caera Grady
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Niamh Murphy
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Enrique Garcia Bengoechea
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Research & Innovation Unit, Sport Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie H Murphy
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Jordanstown Campus, Coleraine, UK
| | - Benny Cullen
- Research & Innovation Unit, Sport Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine B Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Basuodan RM, Bin sheeha BH, Basoudan NE, Abdljabbarl NA, Aldhahi MI. Tele-Physical Activity Promotion Program among College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020332. [PMID: 36837532 PMCID: PMC9960905 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown and distance learning affected physical activity (PA) levels among college students. The aims were to assess the effectiveness of a tele-health PA promotion program for 6 weeks, among junior college students, on PA level and on the proportion of physically active students during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A pre-post study design was conducted on 46 students aged 19 (±0.9) years old in Saudi Arabia. The study consisted of online introductory and educational PA classes, followed by a 6-week course during which students received daily online PA promotive messages. Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar's tests were used to measure the mean differences in PA level and the changes in proportion of physically active students before and after the program, respectively. Results: The proportion of students who perform walking increased significantly from 47.4% to 68.4% (p = 0.02), while the number of students who perform moderate PA in their leisure time increased significantly from 38.9% to 69.4% (p = 0.02). No significant differences were detected between other PA levels. Conclusions: This program is effective in encouraging more college students to be physically active, but not in improving PA levels. Larger scale studies using PA objective measurement tools are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem M. Basuodan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodor H. Bin sheeha
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada E. Basoudan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A. Abdljabbarl
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monira I. Aldhahi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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45
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Liu J, Guo Z, Lu S. Baseline physical activity and the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19: A dose-response meta-analysis. Prev Med Rep 2023; 32:102130. [PMID: 36778629 PMCID: PMC9905049 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To provide a scientific basis for improved exercise-based immunity, a meta-analysis was used to explore the dose-response relationship between physical activity (PA) and the risk of severe illness and mortality related to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). To this end, we searched PubMed, Web of Science databases from January 2020 through April 2022. 14 observational studies met the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis, including 2840 cases of severe illness and death from COVID-19. Categorical dose-relationship analysis showed that the risks of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19 were, respectively, 46% (risk ratio (RR): 0.54; confidence intervals (CIs): 0.41-0.68) and 59% (RR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.23-0.58) lower for the highest dose of PA compared with the lowest dose of PA. The results of the continuous dose-response analysis show an inverse nonlinear relationship (Pnon-linearity < 0.05) between PA and both the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19. For PA below 10 MET-h/week (MET-h/week: metabolic equivalent of task-hours/week), an increase of 4 MET-h/week (1 h of moderate-intensity or 0.5 h of high-intensity PA) was associated with 8% and 11% reductions in the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19. PA above 10 MET-h/week lowered the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19 by 7% and 9%, respectively, for each 4 MET-h/week increase. Doses of WHO-recommended PA levels (10 MET-h/week) may be required for more substantial reductions in the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- School of Sports, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- School of Sports Health, HuBei University of Chinese Medicine. Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Songtao Lu
- School of Sports, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China,Corresponding author at: No.16, Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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46
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Bostancı Ö, Karaduman E, Çolak Y, Yılmaz AK, Kabadayı M, Bilgiç S. Respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in unvaccinated athletes before and after COVID-19 infection: A prospective cohort study. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 308:103983. [PMID: 36343877 PMCID: PMC9635222 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated abnormalities and recovery in respiratory function after COVID-19 infection in an unvaccinated elite athlete population. METHODS Measurements included maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). RESULTS The most frequent reported symptoms were fatigue with 80% and muscle/joint pain and headache with 50%, whereas only 10% reported dyspnoea and 30% cough. During follow-up, MIP was up to 13% and MEP up to 8% lower following COVID-19 infection. Likewise, FEV1 was up to 2% and FVC up to 5% lower. While MEP and FEV1 rapidly normalised, MIP and FVC still remained abnormal after 52 days of COVID-19 infection, thereby leading to a restrictive ventilatory pattern. PEF seemed unaffected during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 decreases respiratory function in unvaccinated athletes despite reporting few respiratory symptoms and having mild disease. An initiative aimed at reducing the long-term adverse effects following COVID-19 infection seems warranted, which perhaps may be avoided through vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Bostancı
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Emre Karaduman
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye.
| | - Yunus Çolak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and the Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Ali Kerim Yılmaz
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Menderes Kabadayı
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Sait Bilgiç
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Türkiye
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Kim J, Yoo D, Hong K, Chun BC. Health behaviors and the risk of COVID-19 incidence: A Bayesian hierarchical spatial analysis. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:190-195. [PMID: 36580692 PMCID: PMC9773785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective infection control measures, based on a sound understanding of geographical community-specific health behavioral characteristics, should be implemented from the early stage of disease transmission. However, few studies have explored health behaviors as a possible contributor to COVID-19 infection in the spatial context. We investigated health behaviors as potential factors of COVID-19 incidence in the early phase of transmission in the spatial context. METHODS We extracted COVID-19 cumulative case data as of February 25, 2021-one day prior to nationwide COVID-19 vaccination commencement-regarding health behaviors and covariates, including health condition and socio-economic factors, at the municipal level from publicly available datasets. The spatial autocorrelation of incidence was analyzed using Global Moran's I statistics. The associations between health behaviors and COVID-19 incidence were examined using Besag-York-Mollie models to deal with spatial autocorrelation of residuals. RESULTS The COVID-19 incidence had positive spatial autocorrelation across South Korea (I = 0.584, p = 0.001). The results suggest that individuals vaccinated against influenza in the preceding year had a negative association with COVID-19 incidence (relative risk=0.913, 95 % Credible Interval=0.838-0.997), even after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Our ecological study suggests an association between COVID-19 infection and health behaviors, especially influenza vaccination, in the early stage of COVID-19 transmission at the municipal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehyun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daesung Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Kwan Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Chul Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea,Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea,Correspondence to: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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48
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Elsebai MF, Habib ESE. Blood pH and COVID-19. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200558. [PMID: 36690587 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide war. Raising the blood pH might be a crucial strategy to chase COVID-19. The human blood is slightly alkaline, which is essential for cell metabolism, normal physiology, and balanced immunity since all of these biological processes are pH-dependent. Varieties of physiologic derangements occur when the blood pH is disrupted. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) proliferates in acidic blood that magnifies the severity of COVID-19. On the other side, blood acidemia is linked to increased morbidity and mortality because of its complications on immunity, especially in the elderly and in critical diseases such as cancer, musculoskeletal degradation, renal, cardiac, and pulmonary disorders, which result in many pathological disorders such as osteomalacia, and disturbing the hematopoiesis. Additionally, acidemia of the blood facilitates viral infection and progression. Thus, correcting the acid-base balance might be a crucial strategy for the treatment of COVID-19, which might be attributed to the distraction of the viral spike protein to its cognate receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and supporting the over-taxed immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Fahmi Elsebai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed E Habib
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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49
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Jeitler M, Erehman A, Koppold DA, Ortiz M, Jerzynski L, Stöckigt B, Rotter G, Blakeslee S, Brinkhaus B, Michalsen A, Seifert G, Cramer H, Kandil FI, Kessler CS. Self-care and lifestyle interventions of complementary and integrative medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic-A cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1033181. [PMID: 36698795 PMCID: PMC9868272 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1033181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM), including self-care healthy life-style promotion strategies, is widely used in Germany. Aim of this study was to assess the use of self-care and lifestyle interventions as well as mental/emotional state experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An exploratory cross-sectional online study was conducted with adults in Germany through an online survey. Custom-developed questions in respiratory disease-status (including COVID-19), CIM-based self-care/lifestyle interventions and dietary patterns, and mental/emotional state as well as parameters for wellbeing (World Health Organization Well-Being Index, WHO-5) and self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Short Scale, GSE-3) were assessed. Data was analyzed using frequency and parametric measures. Results The online survey was performed from January to March 2021 and included 1,138 participants (81.5% female; mean age: 49.2 ± 13.7 years; 54.9% holding a university degree) living in Germany, of which 62 had had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, 4 an influenza infection and 375 participants other respiratory infections. The following individual health promotion strategies were reported: spending time in nature (90%; n = 1,024), physical activity (69.3%; n = 789), naturopathic remedies (63.1%; n = 718), plant-based diet (56.3%; n = 640), and Mind-Body interventions (54.7%; n = 623). No differences in strategies between individuals with respiratory diseases or the sample overall were found. Well-being had a mean value of 15.2 ± 5 (WHO-5) and self-efficacy 4.1 ± 0.6 (GSE-3). Nearly 8% reported a low mental/emotional state regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion Self-care and lifestyle interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic were reported by participants who were predominantly female, middle-aged, and well-educated. Most participants showed an overall balanced mental/emotional state. Further studies should include a representative control group from the general population. Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04653727.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jeitler
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany,*Correspondence: Michael Jeitler,
| | - Avital Erehman
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela A. Koppold
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Ortiz
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lea Jerzynski
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Stöckigt
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Rotter
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Blakeslee
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infatil (ITACI), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,Institute for General Practice and Interprofessional Care, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany,Bosch Health Campus, Stuttgart, Germany,National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Farid I. Kandil
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany,Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian S. Kessler
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Fekete M, Horvath A, Santa B, Tomisa G, Szollosi G, Ungvari Z, Fazekas-Pongor V, Major D, Tarantini S, Varga JT. COVID-19 vaccination coverage in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - A cross-sectional study in Hungary. Vaccine 2023; 41:193-200. [PMID: 36424256 PMCID: PMC9671791 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus infection is a particular risk for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), because they are much more likely to become severely ill due to oxygen supply problems. Primary prevention, including COVID-19 vaccination is of paramount importance in this disease group. The aim of our study was to assess COVID-19 vaccination coverage in COPD patients during the first vaccination campaign of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study (CHANCE) has been conducted in COPD patients in the eastern, western and central regions of Hungary from 15th November 2021. The anthropometric, respiratory function test results and vaccination status of 1,511 randomly selected patients were recorded who were aged 35 years and older. RESULTS The median age was 67 (61-72) years, for men: 67 (62-73) and for women: 66 (60-72) years, with 47.98 % men and 52.02 % women in our sample. The prevalence of vaccination coverage for the first COVID-19 vaccine dose was 88.62 %, whereas 86.57 % of the patients received the second vaccine dose. When unvaccinated (n = 172) and double vaccinated (n = 1308) patients were compared, the difference was significant both in quality of life (CAT: 17 (12-23) vs 14 (10-19); p < 0.001) and severity of dyspnea (mMRC: 2 (2-2) vs 2 (1-2); p = 0.048). The COVID-19 infection rate between double vaccinated and unvaccinated patients was 1.61 % vs 22.67 %; p < 0.001 six months after vaccination. The difference between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients was significant (8.14 % vs 0.08 %; p < 0.001) among those with acute COVID-19 infection hospitalized. In terms of post-COVID symptoms, single or double vaccinated patients had significantly fewer outpatient hospital admissions than unvaccinated patients (7.56 vs 0 %; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The COVID-19 vaccination coverage was satisfactory in our sample. The uptake of COVID-19 vaccines by patients with COPD is of utmost importance because they are much more likely to develop severe complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alpar Horvath
- Chiesi Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary,Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Pulmonology, Szent Borbála County Hospital, Tatabánya, Hungary
| | - Balazs Santa
- Chiesi Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary,Department of Pulmonology, Szent Borbála County Hospital, Tatabánya, Hungary
| | - Gabor Tomisa
- Chiesi Hungary Ltd., Budapest, Hungary,Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergo Szollosi
- University of Debrecen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Major
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Tamas Varga
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,Corresponding author
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