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Gomez-Pinilla F, Thapak P. Exercise epigenetics is fueled by cell bioenergetics: Supporting role on brain plasticity and cognition. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:43-55. [PMID: 38677488 PMCID: PMC11144461 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Exercise has the unique aptitude to benefit overall health of body and brain. Evidence indicates that the effects of exercise can be saved in the epigenome for considerable time to elevate the threshold for various diseases. The action of exercise on epigenetic regulation seems central to building an "epigenetic memory" to influence long-term brain function and behavior. As an intrinsic bioenergetic process, exercise engages the function of the mitochondria and redox pathways to impinge upon molecular mechanisms that regulate synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. We discuss how the action of exercise uses mechanisms of bioenergetics to support a "epigenetic memory" with long-term implications for neural and behavioral plasticity. This information is crucial for directing the power of exercise to reduce the burden of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Pavan Thapak
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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2
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Zapata-López JS, Tonguino-Rosero S, Méndez F. Sedentary Behavior and School Bullying in Adolescents: An Analysis Based on a National Survey in Colombia. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:727-735. [PMID: 37788683 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentarism has been associated with poorer mental health, greater likelihood of bullying and suicide risk; however, studies with national coverage are needed to characterize contexts and allow comparisons between nations. The aim of this study was to examine the association between sedentary lifestyles with bullying in the social context of Colombian adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 78,772 adolescents aged 13-17 years participating in the 2017 National School Health Survey. Sedentary behavior was defined as sitting for 3+ hours/day of leisure time, while bullying was identified by self-report of being victimized 1+ times/month. Relative frequencies were estimated and, using a log-binomial regression model, prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 15.31% of students reported being victims of bullying. A higher probability to be bullied was estimated in sedentary adolescents (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.09-1.29), as well as in females, ethnic minorities, those who went hungry in the last month due to lack of food, students with health problems, and private schools. CONCLUSIONS Bullying was related with sedentary leisure time, gender, ethnicity, type of educational institution, and presence of health problems. Being a multicausal phenomenon, bullying demands policies and programs with a greater focus on the most vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhoan Sebastián Zapata-López
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation, National Sports School, Cali, Colombia; School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Stefanie Tonguino-Rosero
- Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation National Sports School, Cali, Colombia; Faculty of Health, School of Human Rehabilitation, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fabián Méndez
- School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Huang C, Yang Y, Lu C, Qin P, Jiang W, Ma J, Guo L. Associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with emotional and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02712-3. [PMID: 38963547 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of adherence to the recommendations for 24-hour movement behaviors (24-HMB), including physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep duration (SLP), in relation to emotional and behavioral problems in Chinese adolescents remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate these associations and explore potential sex differences. METHODS This school-based cross-sectional study included 15,071 Chinese adolescents with a mean age of 14.53 (SD: 1.65) years. Data on emotional and behavioral problems and 24-HMB (including PA, ST, and SLP) were collected. Analysis was performed using general linear mixed models, with additional sex-stratified analyses conducted. RESULTS The number of 24-HMB recommendations met was negatively associated with total difficulties (β estimate=-0.96, 95% CI: -1.07 to -0.85) and positively related to prosocial behavior (β estimate = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.46) among adolescents. Compared with none of the recommendations met, meeting all recommendations (total difficulties: β estimate=-2.98, 95% CI: -3.41 to -2.55; prosocial behaviors: β estimate = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.87 to 1.24) demonstrated the strongest association with both difficulties and prosocial behaviors, followed by meeting recommendations for PA + ST (total difficulties: β estimate=-2.15, 95% CI: -2.41 to -1.90; prosocial behaviors: β estimate = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.09). These associations were consistently significant in both boys and girls. CONCLUSION Adherence to more 24-HMB recommendations, particularly meeting all recommendations or combined PA + ST recommendations, could improve emotional and behavioral well-being among adolescent girls and boys. The significance of balanced movement behaviors for promoting adolescent mental health merits increased attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Pei Qin
- Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Number 7, Gongye 7 Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518067, China
| | - Weiqing Jiang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianping Ma
- Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Number 7, Gongye 7 Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518067, China.
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Sun Yat-sen University, Number 74. Zhongshan 2 Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Lodovica LMF, Francesca M, Paolo P, Gabriele T, Anselmo C, Caleb D, Cristina D, Irene M, Alessandro P. The effects of different levels of sports activity on health-related quality of life and lifestyle habits in high school Italian students. Eur J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s00431-024-05661-w. [PMID: 38955848 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is an important predictor of physical and mental health preventing chronic degenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate in a group of Italian high school students whether health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and lifestyle habits (diet) are associated with the level of physical activity performed (low, moderate, high). Data were collected from 2819 adolescents (n = 951 males). HRQoL was analyzed using the Italian version of the KIDSCREEN-52. Physical activity level was analyzed using the PAQ-A, while eating habits with KIDMED. Practicing physical activity in general improves HRQoL. Specifically, adolescents practicing moderate or high PA, in single dimensions of HRQoL, showed better mood (p < 0.001), self-perception (p < 0.001), family relationships (p < 0.001), reported a higher perception of socioeconomic status (p < 0.05), relationship with peers (p < 0.001), and social acceptance (p < 0.001). High PA subjects reported increased physical (p < 0.001) and mental health (p < 0.001), increased autonomy (p < 0.001), and school learning (p < 0.001). For lifestyle habits, practicing moderate PA showed higher adherence tox the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results highlighted a positive association between the frequency of PA levels, some dimensions of HRQoL, and risk behaviors. These findings demonstrated the protective role of sports not only as a preventive strategy for the onset of chronic degenerative diseases, but also as an educator of healthy lifestyle habits, thus suggesting the importance and need to implement strategies to promote sports practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piaggi Paolo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Casu Anselmo
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Devine Caleb
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Doveri Cristina
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinaro Irene
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Burns C, Jo J, Williams K, Davis P, Amedy A, Anesi TJ, Prosak OL, Rigney GH, Terry DP, Zuckerman SL. Subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms following sport-related concussion: are athletes more depressed than we think? Brain Inj 2024; 38:637-644. [PMID: 38572738 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2334352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In adolescent and collegiate athletes with sport-related concussion (SRC), we sought to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of long-term psychological symptoms. METHODS A cohort study was conducted of athletes 12-24-year-old diagnosed with SRC between November 2017 and April 2022. Athletes/proxies were interviewed on psychological symptoms (i.e. anger, anxiety, depression, and stress). Participants who scored ≥75th percentile on one or more PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System) measures were operationalized to have subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms. Uni/multivariable regressions were used. RESULTS Of 96 participants (60.4% male), the average age was 16.6 ± 2.6 years. The median time from concussion to interview was 286 days (IQR: 247-420). A total of 36.5% athletes demonstrated subclinical, long-term psychological symptoms. Univariate logistic regression revealed significant predictors of these symptoms: history of psychiatric disorder (OR = 7.42 95% CI 1.37,40.09), substance use (OR = 4.65 95% CI 1.15,18.81), new medical diagnosis since concussion (OR = 3.43 95% CI 1.27,9.26), amnesia (OR = 3.42 95% CI 1.02,11.41), other orthopedic injuries since concussion (OR = 3.11 95% CI 1.18,8.21), age (OR = 1.24 95% CI 1.03,1.48), days to return-to-play (OR = 1.02 95% CI 1.00,1.03), and psychiatric medication use (OR = 0.19 95% CI 0.05,0.74). Multivariable model revealed significant predictors: orthopedic injuries (OR = 5.17 95% CI 1.12,24.00) and return-to-play (OR = 1.02 95% CI 1.00,1.04). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one in three athletes endorsed long-term psychological symptoms. Predictors of these symptoms included orthopedic injuries and delayed RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Burns
- Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jacob Jo
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kristen Williams
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Phil Davis
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Amad Amedy
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Trevor J Anesi
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Olivia L Prosak
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Douglas P Terry
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Teno SC, Silva MN, Júdice PB. Associations between domains of sedentary behavior, well-being, and quality of life - a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1756. [PMID: 38956508 PMCID: PMC11218219 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) in the prevention of mortality and chronic and mental diseases is scientifically well grounded, but SB can be accumulated in diverse domains of life, such as leisure-time SB, transport between home/work/school when sitting (transport-related SB), or in occupational settings such as working or studying (occupational SB), and the associations for each domain of SB with well-being measures and quality of life are still underexplored from a positive perspective. Through a cross-sectional investigation, we collected data from 584 participants who completed a questionnaire throughout November 2021 and with Spearman correlation test, analysed the associations between SB in three different domains with psychological well-being, satisfaction with life, and quality of life. Our results indicated that after adjustment for physical activity, sex, body mass index, smoking history, chronic disease status, financial perception, quality/duration of sleep and university group, in younger adults (18 to 24 years old), leisure-time SB was negatively related to psychological well-being (rho = -0.255; p = 0.008), and in adults (25 to 64 years old), occupational SB was negatively related to satisfaction with life (rho = -0.257; p < .001) and the mental component of quality of life (rho = -0.163; p = 0.027). Our findings highlight the idea that not all SB is built the same and that future strategies to reduce SB from people's lives must target specific domains of SB according to the age group when aiming to improve well-being and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina C Teno
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marlene N Silva
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal
- Programa Nacional Para a Promoção da Atividade Física, Direção-Geral da Saúde, Lisbon, Portugal
- CIFI2D Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro B Júdice
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal.
- CIFI2D Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Li X, Su Z, Wang L, Li J, Diao Y. Psychometric evaluation of the pictorial scale of perceived movement skill competence in Chinese children: An item response theory analysis. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13275. [PMID: 38801211 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) in Chinese children, utilizing the principles of item response theory (IRT). METHODS A total of 284 children (147 boys), aged 4-10 years (Mage = 7.39, SD = 2.18), from four schools were recruited for testing, adhering to the principle of random sampling. The Rasch model was applied to evaluate the rating scale validity, local independence, scale dimensionality, person and item fit statistics, and differential item functioning (DIF). RESULTS (1) The rating scale validity was confirmed by the monotonically increasing trend in both average item difficulty measures and Andrich thresholds. (2) However, the observation that standardized residual correlations for all items remained below 0.3 unequivocally confirmed the presence of local independence among the variables. (3) The scale's dimensions were substantiated, with Rasch measures explaining 40.6% of total variance, exceeding the 40% threshold. Additionally, the first contrast had an eigenvalue of 1.8 and explained 8.80% of the variance, both exceeding the minimum 3:1 ratio. Consequently, the unidimensionality assumption of the item was supported. (4) Person and item fit statistics indicated requisite reliability and separation, with all achieving suitable infit and outfit measures, and point-biserial correlations exceeding 0.55. (5) Regarding gender DIF, it was observed that the majority of items did not exhibit statistically significant gender DIF effects (p > 0.05) except item 8 (Bounce a ball, t = -2.74, p < 0.01, DIF = -0.51). CONCLUSION Rasch analysis revealed that the instrument exhibited strong scale validity among Chinese children, adhering to the Rasch model's unidimensionality and local independence principles, with robust person and item reliability and separation. All items demonstrated a good fit. Additionally, the significant gender difference in item 8 (Bounce a ball) warrants further consideration. In conclusion, PMSC is suitable for assessing the PMSC of Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxi Li
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Su
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yucui Diao
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Weinstein AA, van Aert RCM, Donovan K, Muskens L, Kop WJ. Affective Responses to Acute Exercise: A Meta-Analysis of the Potential Beneficial Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on General Mood, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:486-497. [PMID: 38787545 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute exercise elicits various biobehavioral and psychological responses, but results are mixed with regard to the magnitude of exercise-induced affective reactions. This meta-analysis examines the magnitude of general mood state, anxiety, and depressive symptom responses to acute exercise while exploring exercise protocol characteristics and background health behaviors that may play a role in the affective response. METHODS A total of 2770 articles were identified from a MEDLINE/PubMed search and an additional 133 articles from reviews of reference sections. Studies had to have measured general mood before the acute exercise bout and within 30 minutes after exercise completion. Effect sizes were estimated using Hedges' g , with larger values indicating improvement in the outcome measure. RESULTS A total of 103 studies were included presenting data from 4671 participants. General mood state improved from preexercise to postexercise ( g = 0.336, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.234-0.439). Anxiety ( g = 0.497, 95% CI = 0.263-0.730) and depressive symptoms ( g = 0.407, 95% CI = 0.249-0.564) also improved with exercise. There was substantial and statistically significant heterogeneity in each of these meta-analyses. This heterogeneity was not explained by differences in participants' health status. Meta-regression analyses with potential moderators (intensity of exercise, mode of exercise, usual physical activity level, or weight status of participants) also did not reduce the heterogeneity. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows significantly improved general mood, decreased anxiety, and lower depressive symptoms in response to an acute bout of exercise. There was substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude of the effect sizes, indicating that additional research is needed to identify determinants of a positive affective response to acute exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Weinstein
- From the Department of Global and Community Health (Weinstein, Donovan), George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia; and Departments of Methodology and Statistics (van Aert), and Medical and Clinical Psychology (Muskens, Kop), Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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Dong RB, Dou KY, Huang J, Wang R. The protective effect of physical activity on mental health of middle school students at different stages during the COVID-19 outbreak. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14783. [PMID: 38926496 PMCID: PMC11208601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to further understand the changes in physical activity level(PAL) and mental health among adolescents before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 and explore the protective role of physical activity (PA) on the mental health of adolescents during major disasters. A convenient sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. The cross-sectional data from 2838 Chinese middle school students (mean age = 14.91 ± 1.71 years, 49.54% female) were used, of which 1,471 and 1,367 were in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The PAL was collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-CN), mental health status was collected using the Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Students (MMHI-60), sociodemographic information was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Before and after the outbreak of COVID-19, the PAL of adolescents was 2.36 ± 0.74 and 2.50 ± 0.66, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.01, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.19). The mental health scores were 1.71 ± 0.60 and 1.86 ± 0.73, respectively, with a significant difference (p < 0.01, 95% CI: - 0.20, - 0.10). The detection rates of mental health problems were 27.50% and 35.50%, respectively. The rates of achieving PAL standards were 30.20% and 18.00% among adolescents, while the rates of not achieving PAL standards were 39.60% and 18.00%. PA is a protective factor for the mental health of adolescents during major disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Bao Dong
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Kai-Yun Dou
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Graduate School of Adamson University, 0900, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jiaben Huang
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Testani D, McMorris CA, Clark CA, Sanguino H, Condliffe EG, Noel ME, Kopala Sibley DC, Brunton LK. Investigating physiological symptoms associated with mental health symptoms in youth with cerebral palsy: An observational study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 151:104783. [PMID: 38924954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Over 50 % of children and youth with cerebral palsy (CP) experience mental health challenges, with anxiety and depression most common. Youth with CP also experience several physiological symptoms such as fatigue, pain, sedentary lifestyle, and sleep disturbances that impact their daily living; however, little is known about the impact of these symptoms on mental health outcomes in these youth. This study addressed this gap and examined the individual and cumulative impacts of physiological symptoms on anxiety and depression symptoms in youth with CP. Forty youth with CP aged 8 to 18 years, and their caregiver, participated in this cross-sectional observational study. Pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were measured using caregiver- and self-reported questionnaires and participants wore accelerometers for seven consecutive days, providing non-invasive physical activity and sleep pattern data. Youth with CP experienced substantial physiological symptoms and elevated anxiety and depression symptoms. Linear regression models determined that all physiological factors were predictive of caregiver-reported youth anxiety (R2 = 0.23) and youth depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.48). Fatigue, pain severity, sleep efficiency, and physical activity outcomes individually and cumulatively contributed to caregiver-reported youth anxiety and depression symptoms. These findings highlight the important role of physiological symptoms as potential risk factors and potential targets for intervention for mental health issues for in youth with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Testani
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C A McMorris
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - C A Clark
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Sanguino
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - E G Condliffe
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences & Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M E Noel
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - D C Kopala Sibley
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - L K Brunton
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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López-Iracheta R, Martín Calvo N, Moreno-Galarraga L, Moreno Villares JM. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on children´s sleep quality, physical activity, screen time, and diet. NUTR HOSP 2024. [PMID: 38967311 DOI: 10.20960/nh.05051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND this study aimed to assess how the COVID-19 lockdown (March to June 2020) affected children's sleep quality, physical activity, screen time, and nutrition. MATERIAL AND METHODS the survey consisted of 479 children from the SENDO project, a pediatric cohort in Spain, aged 4-5 years. The BEAR questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep quality. Hierarchical models with two-level clustering were used to account for intra-cluster correlation between siblings, and the difference regression method was used to study the association between changes in screen consumption and physical activity and changes in sleep quality. RESULTS the results showed an increase in the consumption of homemade pastries and snacks. Sleep quality worsened significantly during confinement, with a mean score on the BEAR scale of 0.52 before, 1.43 during, and 1.07 after confinement. Although sleep quality improved significantly after the end of confinement, it remained worse than before. The average daily screen time increased from 1.13 hours before confinement to 2.65 hours during confinement. Physical activity decreased during confinement, with the mean number of hours per day decreasing from 1.27 to 0.79. Children who spent more time on screens during confinement had worse sleep quality, as indicated by their higher scores on the BEAR scale. We used the difference regression method to identify a statistically significant association between the increased screen time for leisure hours and the worsening of children's sleep quality during confinement. CONCLUSION we observed a significant relationship between confinement and reduced sleep quality. Although the end of the lockdown led to a slight improvement, the average BEAR scale score remained higher post-confinement, suggesting that the consequences of the lockdown may persist over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nerea Martín Calvo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine. Universidad de Navarra
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Budden T, Coall DA, Jackson B, Christian H, Nathan A, Jongenelis MI. Barriers and enablers to promoting grandchildren's physical activity and reducing screen time: a qualitative study with Australian grandparents. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1670. [PMID: 38909205 PMCID: PMC11193900 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an increasing number of grandparents providing care to their grandchildren, calls have been made for these caregivers to be considered important stakeholders in encouraging children's engagement in health-promoting behaviors, such as physical activity. Understanding the perspectives of grandparents who provide care is crucial to informing efforts that aim to increase children's physical activity, yet little is understood about their perceptions of specific barriers and enablers to promoting children's physical activity and reducing screen time. The present study sought to explore these perceptions. METHODS Semi-structured focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with grandparents who reported providing care to a grandchild aged 3 to 14 years. A total of 20 grandparents were sampled (mean age = 67.8 years). Data were subjected to reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Key reported barriers to physical activity included (i) the effort (physical and logistical) and financial cost associated with organizing physical activities, (ii) grandparents' age and mobility issues (e.g., due to injury or illness), (iii) caring for children of different ages (e.g., older children having different physical activity interests than younger children), and (iv) a local environment that is not conducive to physical activity (e.g., lack of appropriate facilities). Barriers to reducing screen time included (i) parents sending children to care with electronic devices and (ii) children's fear of missing out on social connection that occurs electronically. Strategies and enablers of physical activity included (i) integrating activity into caregiving routines (e.g., walking the dog), (ii) involving grandchildren in decision making (e.g., asking them in which physical activities they wish to engage), (iii) encouraging grandchildren to engage in activity with other children, and (iv) creating a physical and social environment that supports activity (e.g., owning play equipment). A common strategy for reducing screen time was the creation of a home environment that is not conducive to this activity (e.g., removing electronic devices from view). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that grandparents may benefit from resources that assist them to identify activities that are inexpensive and require minimal effort to organize. Activities that account for grandparents' age and health status, as well as any environmental barriers, are likely to be well-received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Budden
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - David A Coall
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Andrea Nathan
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Michelle I Jongenelis
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Meng Y, Ma N, Shi Y, Zhang N, Wu J, Cui X, Niu W. The association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with depression in US adults: NHANES 2007-2018. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1404407. [PMID: 38975361 PMCID: PMC11224452 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1404407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Depression is largely preventable, and strategies that can effectively suppress its development are imperative. We aimed to examine whether physical activity and sedentary behavior were associated with depression and explore the possible mediatory role of complete blood count in this association. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data were integrated from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (2007-2018). Depression was defined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The risk for depression, expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), was quantified by survey-weighted logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 31,204 respondents were analyzed. Significance was identified for all, except walking or bicycling per week, types of physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment in metabolic equivalent of task (MET) of weekly vigorous recreational physical activity was associated with 31.3% decreased depression risk (adjusted OR: 0.687, 95% CI: 0.5663-0.840). Per 1 SD increment in sitting time can increase depression risk by 22.4% (adjusted OR: 1.224, 95% CI: 1.131-1.325). In subsidiary analyses, the association with depression was reinforced in respondents aged ≤65 years and those overweight or obese. Mediation analyses revealed significant effects for red blood cell (RBC) on total MET (19.4%) and moderate work-related physical activity (MWPA) (22.0%), and for red cell distribution wide (RCDW) on vigorous work-related physical activity (17.7%), moderate work-related physical activity (13.1%), total MET (11.2%), and sitting time (16.4%) (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our findings indicate that more physical activity and less sitting time were associated with a lower likelihood of having depression among US adults, and this association was probably mediated by RBC and RCDW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Meng
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Reis CHO, Manzolli SG, Dos Santos L, Silva AA, Lima-Leopoldo AP, Leopoldo AS, Bocalini DS. Effects of physical training on the metabolic profile of rats exposed to chronic restraint stress. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100411. [PMID: 38901134 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite strong evidences supporting the protective role of exercise against stress-induced repercussions, the literature remains inconclusive regarding metabolic aspects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of Physical Training (PT) by swimming on the metabolic parameters of rats subjected to restraint stress. METHODS Wistar rats (n = 40) were divided into four groups: Control (C), Trained (T), Stressed (S), and Trained/Stressed (TS). The restraint stress protocol involved confining the animals in PVC pipes for 60 minutes/day for 12 weeks. Concurrently, the swimming PT protocol was performed without additional load in entailed sessions of 60 minutes conducted five days a week for the same duration. The following parameters were analyzed: fitness progression assessed by the physical capacity test, body mass, serum level of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and corticosterone, as well as glycemic tolerance test, evaluated after glucose administration (2 g/kg, i.p.). RESULTS Trained groups (T and TS) exhibited enhanced physical capacity (169 ± 21 and 162 ± 22% increase, respectively) compared to untrained groups (C: 9 ± 5 and S: 11 ± 13% increase). Corticosterone levels were significantly higher in the S group (335 ± 9 nmoL/L) compared to C (141 ± 3 nmoL/L), T (174 ± 3 nmoL/L) and TS (231 ± 7 nmoL/L), which did not differ from each other. There were no significant changes in serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels among the groups. However, the glycemic curve after glucose loading revealed increased glycemia in the S group (area under curve 913 ± 30 AU) but the TS group exhibited values (673 ± 12 AU) similar to the groups C (644 ± 10 AU) and T (649 ± 9 AU). CONCLUSION Swimming-based training attenuated stress-induced corticosterone release and prevented glucose intolerance in rats, reinforcing the importance of exercise as a potential strategy to mitigate the pathophysiological effects of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H O Reis
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Sabriny G Manzolli
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Dos Santos
- Cardiac Electromechanics Laboratory, Postgraduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Maruipe, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Ariana A Silva
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - André S Leopoldo
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Danilo S Bocalini
- Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports Center of the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo - Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Kosola S, Kullberg M, Melander K, Engblom J, Ranta K, Alanko K. Associations of excessive internet use, sleep duration and physical activity with school absences: a cross-sectional, population-based study of adolescents in years 8 and 9. Arch Dis Child 2024; 109:570-575. [PMID: 38627028 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet use has increased and sleep and physical activity (PA) have decreased in recent years among adolescents. Besides sleep and PA, another determinant of future health for adolescents is education. Our aim was to evaluate the associations of excessive internet use (EIU), short sleep duration and low PA with both unexcused absences and medical absences during lower secondary school. METHODS The School Health Promotion study is a national survey of adolescents conducted biennially in Finland. We used data collected in 2019, when EIU was assessed for the first time. Cumulative odds ratio analysis was conducted with unexcused absences and medical absences as outcome variables. Besides EIU, sleep duration and PA, the associations of maternal education and parental relations were assessed. RESULTS The mean age of the 86 270 participants was 15.3 years. Girls scored higher than boys on EIU. In all, 34.7% of participants slept less than 8 hours per night during the school week, and 34.3% reported low PA (ie, less than 3 days per week with minimum 1 hour of PA per day). EIU, short sleep and low PA were associated with both unexcused absences and medical absences from school. Longer sleep during weekends showed no association with absences, but good parental relations had the strongest protective association with both unexcused and medical absences. CONCLUSIONS EIU, short sleep duration and low PA were associated with both unexcused and medical absences from school. This has important implications for both the promotion of general health and the support offered to students with alarming school absences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silja Kosola
- Research, Development and Innovations, Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Espoo, Finland
- Pediatric Research Center, Helsingin ja uudenmaan sairaanhoitopiiri, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianne Kullberg
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
| | - Katja Melander
- Doctoral Programme in Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Janne Engblom
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Ranta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katarina Alanko
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
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Yu LH, Zhang GL. Modulating the Expression of Exercise-induced lncRNAs: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Progression. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10530-w. [PMID: 38858339 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent research shows exercise is good for heart health, emphasizing the importance of physical activity. Sedentary behavior increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, while exercise can help prevent and treat it. Additionally, physical exercise can modulate the expression of lncRNAs, influencing cardiovascular disease progression. Therefore, understanding this relationship could help identify prospective biomarkers and therapeutic targets pertaining to cardiovascular ailments. This review has underscored recent advancements concerning the potential biomarkers of lncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases, while also summarizing existing knowledge regarding dysregulated lncRNAs and their plausible molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we have contributed novel perspectives on the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs, which hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular conditions. The knowledge imparted in this review may prove valuable in guiding the design of future investigations and furthering the understanding of lncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Yu
- College of Arts and Sports, Hanyang University, Olympic Gym, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
- Changsha University of Science and Technology, No. 960, Section 2, Wanjiali South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Ge-Lin Zhang
- College of Arts and Sports, Hanyang University, Olympic Gym, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Changsha University of Science and Technology, No. 960, Section 2, Wanjiali South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
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17
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Yang Y(S, Law M, Vaghri Z. New Brunswick's mental health action plan: A quantitative exploration of program efficacy in children and youth using the Canadian Community Health Survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301008. [PMID: 38848408 PMCID: PMC11161078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2011, the New Brunswick government released the New Brunswick Mental Health Action Plan 2011-2018 (Action Plan). Following the release of the Action Plan in 2011, two progress reports were released in 2013 and 2015, highlighting the implementation status of the Action Plan. While vague in their language, these reports indicated considerable progress in implementing the Action Plan, as various initiatives were undertaken to raise awareness and provide additional resources to facilitate early prevention and intervention in children and youth. However, whether these initiatives have yielded measurable improvements in population-level mental health outcomes in children and youth remains unclear. The current study explored the impact of the Action Plan by visualizing the trend in psychosocial outcomes and service utilization of vulnerable populations in New Brunswick before and after the implementation of the Action Plan using multiple datasets from the Canadian Community Health Survey. Survey-weighted ordinary least square regression analyses were performed to investigate measurable improvements in available mental health outcomes. The result revealed a declining trend in the mental wellness of vulnerable youth despite them consistently reporting higher frequencies of mental health service use. This study highlights the need for a concerted effort in providing effective mental health services to New Brunswick youth and, more broadly, Canadian youth, as well as ensuring rigorous routine outcome monitoring and evaluation plans are consistently implemented for future mental health strategies at the time of their initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi (Stanford) Yang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, Applied Science, and Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Moira Law
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, St. Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ziba Vaghri
- Global Child Program, Integrated Health Initiative, Faculty of Business, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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18
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Dong C, Chen H, Li Y, Sun Y, Pan Y, Xu Q, Sun H. Patterns of Health-Risk Behaviours and Their Associations With Anxiety and Depression Among Chinese Young Adults by Gender: A Latent Class Analysis. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241258922. [PMID: 38842056 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241258922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated gender differences in health-risk behaviour patterns among young adults and assessed the associations of anxiety and depression with these patterns. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1740 young Chinese adults aged 18-24 years. Latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to identify the clusters of health-risk behaviours and their associations with anxiety and depression. Three common patterns were found for both genders: physical inactivity, substance use, and insufficient fruit intake (5.7% for males [M] and 11.6% for females [F]); a sedentary lifestyle only (48.4% for M and 48.9% for F); and a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and an unhealthy diet (7.6% for M and 20.0% for F). Additionally, two additional unique patterns were found: physical inactivity and unhealthy diet in males (38.3%) and physical inactivity and insufficient fruit intake in females (19.6%). Sociodemographic variables exert different effects on health-risk behaviour patterns as a function of gender. Lower anxiety levels (odds ratio [OR]: 0.892; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.823-0.966) and greater depression levels (OR: 1.074; 95% CI: 1.008-1.143) were associated with a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and unhealthy diet class only in female young adults compared with a sedentary-only class. These findings underscore the need for the implementation of targeted interventions based on gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Medical Informatics Center, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzhu Pan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiongying Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Liu C, Liang X, Yang Y, Liu R, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K, Sit CHP. Mechanisms Linking Physical Activity With Mental Health in Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review. Am J Prev Med 2024:S0749-3797(24)00179-X. [PMID: 38844148 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) is a promising way to improve mental health in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current review aimed to explore the potential neurobiological, psychosocial, and behavioral mechanisms between PA interventions and mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs. METHODS Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC were searched from inception to June 2023. Randomized controlled trials/quasi-experimental designs applying PA interventions and reporting at least one mental health outcome and at least one potential mechanism in children and adolescents with NDDs were included. The best evidence synthesis rating system was adopted to determine the strength and consistency of potential mechanisms and was performed in 2024. RESULTS In total, 45 studies were included, 29 of which were randomized controlled trials and 16 were quasi-experimental, with a total of 1,751 participants. According to the best evidence synthesis rating system, neurobiological (theta activity and P3 amplitude), psychosocial (social skills and social participation), and behavioral (motor skills and sleep) mechanisms were the frequently examined and consistent mechanisms through which PA affected mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs. However, evidence regarding P3 latency, beta activity, and physical self-concept was insufficient. DISCUSSION Future PA interventions could consider neurobiological (theta activity and P3 amplitude), psychosocial (social skills and social participation), and behavioral (motor skills and sleep) mechanisms. Alternatively, PA can be developed as an adjunctive approach with interventions that specifically focus on these mechanisms to enhance mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yijian Yang
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ran Liu
- The First Hospital of Tsinghua University (Beijing Huaxin Hospital), Beijing, China
| | | | - Cindy Hui-Ping Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Chiang HL, Chuang YF, Chen YA, Hsu CT, Ho CC, Hsu HT, Sheu YH, Gau SSF, Liang LL. Physical Fitness and Risk of Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents. JAMA Pediatr 2024; 178:595-607. [PMID: 38683586 PMCID: PMC11059046 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Importance With the rising prevalence of mental disorders among children and adolescents, identifying modifiable associations is critical. Objective To examine the association between physical fitness and mental disorder risks. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide cohort study used data from the Taiwan National Student Fitness Tests and National Health Insurance Research Databases from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2019. Participants were divided into 2 cohorts targeting anxiety and depression (1 996 633 participants) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; 1 920 596 participants). Participants were aged 10 to 11 years at study entry and followed up for at least 3 years, had a nearly equal gender distribution, and an average follow-up of 6 years. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to February 2024. Exposures Assessments of physical fitness included cardiorespiratory fitness (CF), muscular endurance (ME), muscular power (MP), and flexibility, measured through an 800-m run time, bent-leg curl-ups, standing broad jump, and sit-and-reach test, respectively. Main Outcomes and Measures Kaplan-Meier method calculated the cumulative incidence of anxiety, depression, and ADHD across fitness quartiles. Additionally, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used that included all 4 fitness components and explored sex and income as modifiers. Results The anxiety and depression cohort had 1 996 633 participants (1 035 411 participants were male [51.9%], and the median [IQR] age was 10.6 [10.3-11.0] years), while the ADHD cohort had 1 920 596 (975 568 participants were male [51.9%], and the median [IQR] age was 10.6 [10.3-11.0] years). Cumulative incidence of mental disorders was lower among participants in better-performing fitness quartiles, suggesting a dose-dependent association. Gender-specific analyses, controlling for confounders, revealed that improved CF, indicated by a 30-second decrease in run times, was associated with reduced risks of anxiety, depression, and ADHD in female participants, and lower risks of anxiety and ADHD in male participants (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for ADHD risk for female participants, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90-0.94; P < .001; for male participants, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.92-0.94; P < .001). Enhanced ME, marked by an increase of 5 curl-ups per minute, was associated with decreased risks of depression and ADHD in female participants, and lower anxiety and ADHD risks in male participants (aHR for ADHD risk for female participants, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.97; P < .001; for male participants, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.97; P < .001). Improved MP, reflected by a 20-cm increase in jump distance, was associated with reduced risks of anxiety and ADHD in female participants and reduced anxiety, depression, and ADHD in male participants (aHR for ADHD risk for female participants, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-1.00; P = .04; for male participants, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99; P = .001). Conclusions and Relevance This study highlights the potential protective role of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, and muscular power in preventing the onset of mental disorders. It warrants further investigation of the effectiveness of physical fitness programs as a preventive measure for mental disorders among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- International Health Program, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Chen
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Te Hsu
- Department of Sport Management, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, Taiwan
- The Research Center of Sport and Health Industry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Sports Medicine Center, Fu Jen Catholic Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Tao Hsu
- The Research Center of Sport and Health Industry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Physical and Health Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Sheu
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine and Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lin Liang
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Epidemic Prevention and One Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Duncan MJ, Fitton Davies K, Okwose N, Harwood AE, Jakovljevic DG. Effects of a 10-Week Integrated Curriculum Intervention on Physical Activity, Resting Blood Pressure, Motor Skills, and Well-Being in 6- to 7-Year-Olds. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:595-605. [PMID: 38531348 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrated curriculum interventions have been suggested as an effective means to increase physical activity (PA) and health. The feasibility of such approaches in children living in deprivation is unknown. This study sought to pilot an integrated curriculum pedometer intervention in children living in deprivation on school-based PA, body fatness, resting blood pressure, motor skills, and well-being. METHODS Using a pilot cluster randomized intervention design, children (6-7 y old, n = 64) from 2 schools in central England undertook: (1) 10-week integrated curriculum intervention or (2) control (regular school-based activity). School-based PA, body fatness, resting blood pressure, motor skills, and well-being were assessed preintervention and postintervention. RESULTS For the intervention group, PA was higher on school days when children had physical education lessons or there were physically active integrated curriculum activities. Body fatness significantly decreased, and well-being and perceived physical competence increased, pre-post for the intervention group compared with the control group. Accelerometer-derived PA, motor skills, and resting blood pressure were not significantly different pre-post for intervention or control groups. CONCLUSIONS A 10-week integrated curriculum PA intervention is feasible to conduct and can positively impact aspects of health in 6- to 7-year-old children in England.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Duncan
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Fitton Davies
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nduka Okwose
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E Harwood
- Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester,United Kingdom
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22
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Antunes H, Rodrigues A, Sabino B, Alves R, Correia AL, Lopes H. The Effect of Motivation on Physical Activity among Middle and High School Students. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:154. [PMID: 38921848 PMCID: PMC11209451 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study addressed two main objectives: (i) to investigate disparities in motivation dimensions regarding extracurricular physical activity and (ii) to identify the influence of motivation on time spent in formal and informal physical activity. A sample of 704 adolescents (56% girls) from middle (46%) and high school (54%), with an average age of 14.88 ± 2.52, was assessed for different motivation dimensions using the Questionnaire of Motivation for Sports Activities (QMSA). Additionally, participants were categorized based on extracurricular physical activity practice. Multivariate analyses and multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the effect of physical activity type on motivation dimensions and identify predictors of time spent in formal and informal physical activities, respectively. Results indicated that motivation varied significantly with extracurricular physical activity practice (p < 0.05), with students involved in extracurricular activities being more motivated. Sex and age differences were observed, with boys showing higher motivation in certain dimensions (achievement status (p < 0.001); group activity (p = 0.027); contextual (p = 0.004); technical improvement (p = 0.012) and older participants having lower scores in all dimensions. The influence of family and friends was a significant predictor only for boys in formal physical activity (p = 0.039). In terms of time spent in physical activity, group activity was a predictor for informal activities (p < 0.001), while technical improvement was a predictor for formal activities (p < 0.001), with notable sex differences. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex- and age-specific motivations when promoting physical activity among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio Antunes
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Rodrigues
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bebiana Sabino
- Higher School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal;
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Ana Luísa Correia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Helder Lopes
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Jakubowska P, Balcerczyk-Lis M, Fortuna M, Janiak A, Kopaczyńska A, Skwira S, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Influence of Metabolic Dysregulation in the Management of Depressive Disorder-Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1665. [PMID: 38892598 PMCID: PMC11174513 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders are heterogeneous in nature, and their global reach makes them the cause of suffering for a million individuals worldwide. Standard treatment does not work for one in three people, and side effects can significantly reduce the quality of life. A multidisciplinary approach allows for a broader insight into the nature of the disease, given its complex etiology. One of its elements is the hypothesis of inflammation, which also accompanies obesity-related disease. Obesity and depression interact, causing many researchers to develop new non-pharmacological treatment methods for both diseases. One suggestion is physical exercises that have great potential to be used in clinical practice. They can exert changes on the central nervous system and thus modulate mood. Another is diet, which concentrates on active molecules that also affect the central nervous system (CNS). There is an urgent need to create appropriate criteria and recommendations that systematize existing knowledge and allow it to be used in practice. There is an urgent need to create appropriate criteria and recommendations that systematize existing knowledge and allow it to be used in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jakubowska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Balcerczyk-Lis
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Milena Fortuna
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Janiak
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrianna Kopaczyńska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Skwira
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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24
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Kao SC, Brush CJ, Wang CH. A multimodal approach integrating cognitive and motor demands into physical activity for optimal mental health: Methodological issues and future directions. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2024; 286:235-258. [PMID: 38876577 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity is known for its positive effects on cognition and affect, with existing literature suggesting that these mental health benefits may be optimally experienced by incorporating cognitive and motor demands during physical activity (PA). However, the existing body of literature lacks a comprehensive guideline for designing the qualitative characteristics of a PA program. Accordingly, this narrative review aimed to (1) provide a working two-dimension model that operationally defines the cognitive and motor demands involved in PA and the rationale for systematically studying these qualitative aspects of PA, (2) identify methods to assess the cognitive and motor demands of PA and address associated methodological issues, and (3) offer potential future directions for research on the cognitive and motor aspects of PA in support of the development of PA programs designed to maximize PA-induced cognitive and affective benefits. We anticipate this article to inform the need for future research and development on this topic, aiming to create clear, evidence-based guidelines for designing innovative and effective PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Kao
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Christopher J Brush
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Chun-Hao Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health, & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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25
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Grasaas E, Sandbakk Ø. Adherence to physical activity recommendations and associations with self-efficacy among Norwegian adolescents: trends from 2017 to 2021. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1382028. [PMID: 38846610 PMCID: PMC11155692 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1382028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The crucial role of physical activity (PA) in promoting well-being and overall health of adolescents is widely acknowledged. Previous global studies have consistently revealed low adherence to PA recommendations among adolescents, emphasizing potential links between PA engagement and self-efficacy in school-based populations. However, there is a need for further exploration of this relationship, in particularly gender differences and taking into account the potential influences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of adherence to PA recommendations and its associations with self-efficacy in Norwegian school-based adolescents over the period from 2017 to 2021. Methods Cross-sectional data on physical activity (PA) levels and self-efficacy among 13-19-year-old Norwegian adolescents were collected from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey during the period 2017 to 2021. The survey, conducted in Norwegian lower- and upper-secondary schools, was administered electronically during school hours. All data collected is anonymous and has received approval from the Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research (SIKT). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results Girls consistently exhibited lower adherence to PA recommendations (17.6-19.8%) compared to boys (27.7-31.1%) each year from 2017 to 2021 (all p < 0.01). Similarly, girls reported lower self-efficacy (14.1 to 14.8 out of 20) than boys (15.5 to 15.9) during the same period (all p < 0.01). Regression analyses highlighted robust positive associations between PA and self-efficacy in those adhering to PA recommendations (i.e., physically active at least 5 times a week) and strong inverse associations for those reporting inactivity (never active) in both girls and boys from 2017 to 2021. Conclusion Adolescents in Norway report PA adherence ranging from 15 to 30%, with girls consistently exhibiting lower adherence to PA recommendations and reporting lower self-efficacy than boys. Notably, there are substantial associations between self-efficacy and both adherence to PA recommendations and inactivity over time. These findings underscore the significance of promoting adherence to PA recommendations during adolescence, especially among girls. Policymakers in Norway should focus on initiatives to increase PA levels among adolescents in both lower and upper secondary schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Teacher Education Unit, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sandbakk
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Center for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Sport Science, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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26
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Yang S, Jing L, He Q, Wang H. Fostering emotional well-being in adolescents: the role of physical activity, emotional intelligence, and interpersonal forgiveness. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1408022. [PMID: 38840739 PMCID: PMC11150801 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1408022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescence is considered a stress-sensitive developmental period, and the escalating and sustained pressure during this phase poses a significant threat to the mental and physical well-being of adolescents. Therefore, enhancing positive emotions in adolescents is crucial. This study aims to investigate the impact of physical activity on the emotional intelligence, interpersonal forgiveness, and positive emotions of adolescents. Methods Using a cluster sampling method, data were collected from 500 adolescents in four schools across the Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province, China. A total of 428 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The study employed AMOS v.23 to construct a structural equation model to validate the hypotheses. Results The results indicate that physical activity significantly influences the emotional intelligence, interpersonal forgiveness, and positive emotions of adolescents. Furthermore, emotional intelligence and interpersonal forgiveness mediate the relationship between physical activity and positive emotions. Discussion Based on these findings, collaborative efforts from government agencies, schools, and families are essential to provide robust support for adolescents' participation in physical activity, encouraging more adolescents to actively engage in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Yang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Longjun Jing
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Qianqian He
- Faculty of Economics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Huilin Wang
- School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
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27
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Birgisson O, Eriksen HR, Hysing M, Johannsson E, Gestsdottir S. Adolescent mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness: A comparison of two cohorts 12 years apart. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300810. [PMID: 38748628 PMCID: PMC11095746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of adolescents in two cross-sectional cohorts, one measured in 2003 and the other in 2015, both at age 15 and across sexes. The study also sought to estimate the association between mental health and CRF in the two cohorts and examine the relationship between the level of CRF and mental health in each cohort overall and by sex. Data from 443 participants born in 1988 (228 males, 215 females) and 303 participants born in 1999 (126 males, 177 females) were analyzed. Mental health was assessed using self-reports of body image, self-esteem, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. CRF was estimated using a maximal cycle ergometer test. From 2003 to 2015, body image scores improved (p = .043), self-esteem remained stable, and CRF declined significantly (p < .001). No self-esteem differences were observed between sexes in any cohort. Males had higher CRF and body image scores than females in both cohorts (p < .001 for all comparisons). Higher CRF correlated with fewer depressive symptoms across sexes and cohorts. Specifically, higher CRF was associated with anxiety in females and improved body image in males (2003) and both sexes (2015). Increased CRF was linked to higher self-esteem in females but not in males. Overall, higher CRF levels were associated with better mental health outcomes for both sexes. These results highlight the potential of improving adolescent mental health through increased physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottar Birgisson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hege R. Eriksen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sunna Gestsdottir
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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28
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Anderson JT, Toolan C, Coker E, Singer H, Pham D, Jackson N, Lord C, Wilson RB. A novel dance intervention program for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities: a pilot randomized control trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:109. [PMID: 38745176 PMCID: PMC11092010 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organized physical activity programs have been shown to provide wide benefits to participants, though there are relatively few studies examining the impact of these programs for individuals with developmental disabilities. This pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility and impact of an undergraduate-led dance intervention program for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. We evaluated the impact of the dance program on motor ability and social skills. METHODS The study design was a waitlist control clinical trial in which participants were randomized to active and control groups. Eligible participants included male and female children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 17 years with neurodevelopmental disabilities. The Motor Assessment Battery for Children Checklist and the Social Responsiveness Scale were used to assess change in motor and social skills, respectively. After gathering baseline data, the active group completed 1 h of online dance classes per week for 10 weeks, while the control group entered a 10-week waiting period. All participants then returned for a follow-up visit. Pre- and post-intervention data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling adjusting for age and class attendance with subject random intercept. RESULTS We recruited and randomized 43 participants with neurodevelopmental disabilities (mean age = 8.63, SD = 2.98), of which 30 participated in dance classes. The attendance rate was 82.6% for the active group and 61.7% for the control group. The active group demonstrated a significant improvement in motor skills in an unpredictable environment, as indicated on the Motor Assessment Battery for Children Checklist (n = 21, p = 0.05). We also observed positive trends in social skills that did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that it is feasible to develop and implement a fully digital dance intervention program for individuals with developmental disabilities. Further, we find that change in motor skills can be detected after just 10 h of low-intensity participation. However, a lack of significant change in social skills coupled with limitations in study implementation suggests further research is needed to determine the full impact of this dance program. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration System: Protocol ID 20-001680-AM-00005, registered 17/2/2021 - Retrospectively Registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04762290 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Anderson
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | | | - Emily Coker
- Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Singer
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Derek Pham
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Catherine Lord
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Rujuta B Wilson
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
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Marinelli R, Parker AG, Levinger I, Bourke M, Patten R, Woessner MN. Resistance training and combined resistance and aerobic training as a treatment of depression and anxiety symptoms in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38710640 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine the treatment effect of resistance training in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression in young people. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and PubMed for articles published in English from January 1980 to September 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that included at least 4 weeks of resistance training, with participants aged 26 years or younger with clinically elevated anxiety and depression symptoms. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate a pooled effect size of resistance training pre-and post-intervention compared to control groups. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 (RoB 2) and Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. RESULTS Ten RCTs involving 376 participants (209 females and 127 males) across educational, clinical, and community based setting were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. Resistance training was associated with a significant reduction in depressive (Hedge's g = -1.06, 95% CI -1.61 to -0.51, p < .001) and anxiety (Hedge's g = -1.02, 95% CI -1.50 to -0.54, p < .001) symptoms. Substantial heterogeneity was observed in the analysis of depression symptoms (I2 = 79%) and anxiety symptoms (I2 = 66%). Six trials had a low risk of bias, four trials showed some concerns. The GRADE analysis demonstrated a high level of certainty for depressive symptoms and a moderate level for anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION Resistance training is an effective intervention in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in young people, delivered across a range of settings. Future trials exploring the effect resistance training interventions with long-term follow up are warranted to understand the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Marinelli
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexandra G Parker
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Bourke
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rhiannon Patten
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary N Woessner
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
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30
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van der Wurff I, Kirschner M, Golsteijn R, de Jonge M, Berendsen B, Singh A, Savelberg H, de Groot R. School-based physical activity interventions: which intervention characteristics are associated with participation and retention? A meta-analysis. Prev Med 2024; 182:107925. [PMID: 38437923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many school-based intervention studies are conducted to increase students' physical activity (PA). Recruitment and retention problems potentially impact the robustness of RCT findings. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize recruitment and retention rates in long-term secondary school-based PA intervention studies and examined associated participant and intervention characteristics. METHODS Web of Science, Pubmed, Medline, and PsychInfo were searched until March 20th 2023. We included studies on secondary school-based PA interventions ≥12 weeks, aimed at typically developing adolescents. We abstracted number of schools and students invited, randomized, and participating at follow-up to calculate pooled recruitment and retention rates; participant and intervention characteristics were abstracted to execute subgroup or meta-regression analyses. RESULTS Recruitment rates were 51% for invited schools and 80% for invited students, the retention for schools was almost 100% and for students 91%. Interventions with fixed and flexible components, executed in Asia and South America, and from later publication years had higher student recruitment rates. Students' retention rates were lower for interventions which had flexible components, were theory/model-based, used an accelerometer, had a longer intervention duration, and included more females. CONCLUSION Recruitment and retention rates in school-based PA interventions are high. Some participant and intervention characteristics influence these rates: flexibility of the intervention, theory/model-based intervention, accelerometer use, intervention duration, continent, and number of females. Researchers should consider these characteristics in intervention development to achieve optimal balance between intervention effectiveness, recruitment, and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- I van der Wurff
- Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open Univerity of the Netherlands, Heerlen 6419 AT, the Netherlands.
| | - M Kirschner
- Conditions for Lifelong Learning, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen 6419 AT, the Netherlands
| | - R Golsteijn
- Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open Univerity of the Netherlands, Heerlen 6419 AT, the Netherlands
| | - M de Jonge
- (Former Employee of) Mulier Institute, Herculesplein 269, Utrecht 3584 AA, the Netherlands
| | - B Berendsen
- Department of Nutritional and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - A Singh
- (Former Employee of) Mulier Institute, Herculesplein 269, Utrecht 3584 AA, the Netherlands; Human Movement. School and Sport, Applied University of Windesheim, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - H Savelberg
- Department of Nutritional and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands; SHE, School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R de Groot
- Conditions for Lifelong Learning, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen 6419 AT, the Netherlands
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31
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Haile SR, Peralta GP, Raineri A, Rueegg S, Ulytė A, Puhan MA, Radtke T, Kriemler S. Determinants of health-related quality of life in healthy children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2273-2283. [PMID: 38411717 PMCID: PMC11035415 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Understanding health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents, during a pandemic and afterwards, aids in understanding how circumstances in their lives impact their well-being. We aimed to identify determinants of HRQOL from a broad range of biological, psychological, and social factors in a large longitudinal population-based sample. Data was taken from a longitudinal sample (n = 1843) of children and adolescents enrolled in the prospective school-based cohort study Ciao Corona in Switzerland. The primary outcome was HRQOL, assessed using the KINDL total score and its subscales (each from 0, worst, to 100, best). Potential determinants, including biological (physical activity, screen time, sleep, etc.), psychological (sadness, anxiousness, stress), and social (nationality, parents' education, etc.) factors, were assessed in 2020 and 2021 and HRQOL in 2022. Determinants were identified in a data-driven manner using recursive partitioning to define homogeneous subgroups, stratified by school level. Median KINDL total score in the empirically identified subgroups ranged from 68 to 83 in primary school children and from 69 to 82 in adolescents in secondary school. The psychological factors sadness, anxiousness, and stress in 2021 were identified as the most important determinants of HRQOL in both primary and secondary school children. Other factors, such as physical activity, screen time, chronic health conditions, or nationality, were determinants only in individual subscales. CONCLUSION Recent mental health, more than biological, physical, or social factors, played a key role in determining HRQOL in children and adolescents during pandemic times. Public health strategies to improve mental health may therefore be effective in improving HRQOL in this age group. WHAT IS KNOWN • Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents aids in understanding how life circumstances impact their well-being. • HRQOL is a complex construct, involving biological, psychological, and social factors. Factors driving HRQOL in children and adolescents are not often studied in longitudinal population-based samples. WHAT IS NEW • Mental health (stress, anxiousness, sadness) played a key role in determining HRQOL during the coronavirus pandemic, more than biological or social factors. • Public health strategies to improve mental health may be effective in improving HRQOL in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Haile
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela P Peralta
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessia Raineri
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Rueegg
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Oh WO, Heo YJ. Exploring the Link Between Smartphone Overdependence, Depression, and Suicidal Behaviors Through the Mediating Effect of Lifestyle Risk Behaviors Among South Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study Using National Big Data. J Pediatr Health Care 2024; 38:298-309. [PMID: 38244009 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined how lifestyle risk behaviors mediate the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behavior in adolescents. METHOD Based on a secondary analysis of national survey data obtained in 2020 in South Korea, this study had 54,948 participating adolescents. Multiple logistic regression and mediating effect analyses were used to assess the relationships between the study variables. RESULTS Adolescents' lifestyle risk behaviors partially mediated the link between smartphone overdependence and depression (Z = 6.86, p < .001), suicidal ideation (Z = 7.04, p < .001), and suicidal planning (Z = 4.59, p < .001). DISCUSSION This is the first study to examine the mediating role of comprehensive lifestyle behaviors, not single habits, in the relationship between smartphone overdependence, depression, and suicidal behaviors. Encouraging healthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescents can help alleviate the link between smartphone overdependence and mental health problems.
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Xiang Z, Wang H, Zhu K, Jiang Q, Feng Y, Tang J, Song R. Longitudinal Associations Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Children: Evidence from the Tongji Mental Health Cohort Study. Int J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s12529-024-10281-7. [PMID: 38658437 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-024-10281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and physical activity parameters (e.g., intensity, frequency, and duration) among Chinese school-aged children. METHOD Participants in this study were extracted from the Tongji Mental Health Cohort Study. The baseline survey was conducted in June 2020 involving 2588 school-aged children from two primary schools in Hubei Province, China. A total of 2435 children were followed up successfully in December 2020. The Children's Depression Inventory Short Form (CDI-S) was applied to evaluate depressive symptoms among school-aged children. The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3) was adopted to estimate children's physical activity parameters including the intensity, frequency, and duration. Generalized estimation equation models were used to explore the longitudinal associations between physical activity and depressive symptoms among school-aged children. RESULTS Engaging in moderate levels of physical activity (OR, 0.800; 95%CI, 0.692-0.924) or high levels of physical activity (OR, 0.808; 95%CI, 0.689-0.947) in the baseline survey was associated with a reduced risk of developing depressive symptoms in the follow-up survey compared with children engaging in low levels of physical activity. Stratified analyses revealed that the associations between physical activity and depressive symptoms exhibited a significant correlation among boys and children in the older age group (11-12 years). Our findings showed that engaging in physical activity more than once a week, with each session lasting 20 min or longer, was related to significant reductions in depressive symptoms by 43.8% and 22.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Self-reported physical activity is positively associated with improved mental health among Chinese school-aged children, especially when considering parameters such as frequency and duration. The association between vigorous-intensity physical activity and depressive symptoms in children should be cautiously interpreted. Future research should continue to explore the effects of vigorous-intensity physical activity on depressive symptoms in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kaiheng Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Wuhan Psychology Hospital, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Alhumaid MM. Parental physical activity support for parents of children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29351. [PMID: 38623191 PMCID: PMC11016730 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is crucial for promoting physical, cognitive, and psychosocial health. Unfortunately, children with disabilities spend less time engaging in PA compared to their typically developing peers. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children with disabilities to increase their level of PA. However, there is scant research on the factors linked to parental support for PA among non-Western parents of children with disabilities, particularly in the context of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, to address this gap in the literature, the current study aimed to (i) measure parental support for encouraging PA in children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia, and (ii) examine the demographic factors associated with such support (e.g., family income, age of the child, type of disability, and parents' educational background). The sample included Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities (N = 239; fathers: n = 123; mothers: n = 116) who completed the Arabic version of the Parental Physical Activity Support Questionnaire for Parents of Children with Disabilities (PPSQ for PCD). The findings revealed that parental support for children with disabilities to engage in PA typically occurs less than once a week, indicating an inadequate level of support. A generalized linear model analysis demonstrated that several independent demographic variables are associated with overall parental support for PA among children with disabilities: participant age, educational background, parental engagement in PA, age of the child with a disability, disability status, club participation, knowledge of legislation or policies related to the rights of children with disabilities, and number of children in the family. The findings emphasize the significance of raising awareness among parents of children with disabilities to support their children in participating in PA, as well as addressing the barriers that hinder such support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Morales JS, Alberquilla Del Río E, Valenzuela PL, Martínez-de-Quel Ó. Physical Activity and Cognitive Performance in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02020-5. [PMID: 38598150 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) could improve cognitive performance in youths, but whether these effects occur from early childhood remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To summarize evidence on the effects of PA interventions on cognitive performance in early childhood. METHODS We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO (from inception to 6 September 2023) for randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of PA interventions (≥ 3 weeks) on cognitive-related outcomes in early childhood (3-6 years). We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis when five or more studies assessed a given outcome. The potential moderating role of participant (e.g., age) and intervention characteristics (e.g., duration, volume, intensity, cognitive engagement) was also assessed. RESULTS We found a total of 24 studies (N = 3483 children) that were deemed to be of overall fair methodological quality. PA interventions were supervised and lasted between 3 and 24 weeks. The most common session duration was 30 min, with a frequency of two sessions per week. Pooled analyses revealed that PA interventions have positive effects on all analysed outcomes, including attention (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18-0.79, p = 0.002), inhibition (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI 0.06-0.84, p = 0.022), working memory (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI 0.18-0.82, p = 0.002), cognitive flexibility (SMD = 0.39, 0.15-0.62, p = 0.002) and vocabulary (SMD = 1.18, 0.19-2.16, p = 0.019). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the benefits in all cases except for inhibition (p = 0.062). No consistent differences were found relating to any moderator variable. CONCLUSIONS Although further research is warranted, our findings suggest that PA interventions may improve cognitive performance in early childhood, particularly in the domains of attention, inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility and vocabulary. These findings might support the implementation of PA interventions from early childhood. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42021249319.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier S Morales
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Centro de Actividades Ambulatorias, 7ª Planta, Bloque D. Av. de Córdoba s/n, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
- Systems Biology Department, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Óscar Martínez-de-Quel
- Faculty of Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Yuan R, Zhang J, Song P, Qin L. The relationship between screen time and gross motor movement: A cross-sectional study of pre-school aged left-behind children in China. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296862. [PMID: 38578800 PMCID: PMC10997071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the level of screen time and gross motor movement level and the correlation between them in left-behind children aged 3 to 6 years old in China. METHODS A randomized whole-group sampling method was used to study 817 left-behind children aged 3-6 years in 15 kindergartens in Xiangcheng city, Henan province. The third version of the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-3) was used to test the children's gross motor movement level, and the screen time questionnaire was used to test the children's screen time level. The relationship between the two and the indicators was explored using Pearson's two-sided correlation and multilevel regression. RESULTS The average daily screen time of left-behind children aged 3-6 years old increased with age, and the reporting rate of >2 h/d ranged from 22.43% to 33.73%; gross motor movement of left-behind children aged 3-6 years old increased with age, with significant differences between age (p<0.05). There was a low to moderate negative correlation (r = -0.133 to -0.354, p<0.05) between screen time and gross motor movement in children aged 3-6 years, and multiple regression analysis showed that screen time was predictive of gross motor movement in children (p<0.05), with an explanation rate of 21.4%. CONCLUSION There is a correlation between screen time and gross motor movement development in children aged 3-6 years old left behind, and the gross motor movement ability of children aged 3-6 years old can be developed by reducing screen time and increasing physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yuan
- Department of Physical Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengwei Song
- School of Physical Education, Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi, China
| | - Long Qin
- School of Physical Education, Guangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Laibin, Guangxi, China
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Navarro-Mateos C, Mora-Gonzalez J, Pérez-López IJ. The "STAR WARS: The First Jedi" Program-Effects of Gamification on Psychological Well-Being of College Students. Games Health J 2024; 13:65-74. [PMID: 37856161 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2023.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: College students are particularly susceptible to developing mental health problems. Gamification can be a powerful teaching strategy to favor motivation and behavioral changes for the improvement of psychological well-being. Purpose: To analyze the effect of a 14-week gamification-based physical education teaching program on psychological well-being of college students. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 college students (21.22 ± 2.55 years) were recruited and assigned to a gamification-based group or a control group. The intervention group participated in a gamification-based program under the framework of "STAR WARS" science fiction sage. Participants from this group used a mobile app with a countdown timer and the way for them to gain lifetime was by doing physical activity (PA) and formative challenges. The control group did not experience the gamification approach itself as their classes were based on traditional methodology. They were asked to maintain their usual lifestyle and were not required to do PA. Emotional intelligence, personal initiative, entrepreneurial attitude, resilience, and self-efficacy were self-reported. Results: The gamification-based group showed a significantly higher improvement of emotional intelligence (P ≤ 0.006), personal initiative (P ≤ 0.033), entrepreneurial attitude (P < 0.001), resilience (P = 0.002), and self-efficacy (P < 0.001), compared with the control group. Overall effect sizes were of medium magnitude for emotional intelligence and personal initiative, large magnitude for entrepreneurial attitude, and small magnitude for resilience and self-efficacy. Conclusion: Gamification and the use of mobile apps may become powerful teaching strategies to motivate college students toward healthier lifestyle behaviors that have psychological well-being benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Navarro-Mateos
- Educación Física y Transformación Social, SEJ546 Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Mora-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Isaac J Pérez-López
- Educación Física y Transformación Social, SEJ546 Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Arpaci T, Altay N. Psychosocial interventions for childhood cancer survivors: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2024; 69:102541. [PMID: 38460392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to review and analyze the evidence of the psychosocial interventions for survivors of childhood cancer. METHODS Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus) and manuel search were performed for psychosocial randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted with survivors who were diagnosed under the age of 18 and have completed treatment. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of interventions on psychosocial health outcomes. The trials were published in English between 1 January 2000 to 30 June 2022 were included. Extracted data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4. RESULTS Ten trials conducted with 955 childhood cancer survivors were included in the systematic review. Meta-analysis of six RCTs showed no difference in the general quality of life (SMD, 0.07; 95% CI: [-0.09 to 0.23], I2 0%, (p > 0.05)) and three RCTs showed no difference in the physical activity self-efficacy (SMD, 0.12; 95% CI: [-0.35 to 0.58], I2 75%, (p > 0.05)) between intervention and control group. Interventions longer than 24 weeks (including follow-up) were effective in the quality of life and physical activity self-efficacy of the survivors. The overall quality of the evidence was low due to overall low risk of bias for only half of the studies (50%). CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial interventions were not effective on quality of life and physical activity self-efficacy of childhood cancer survivors, however, long-term interventions provided improvement in these outcomes. REGISTRATION The protocol for the meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022375053/22 Nov 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Arpaci
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70200, Karaman, Türkiye.
| | - Naime Altay
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Gazi University, 06490, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Yu L, Zhao X, Long Q, Li S, Zhang H, Teng Z, Chen J, Zhang Y, You X, Guo Z, Zeng Y. Association between a changeable lifestyle, sedentary behavior, and suicide risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:974-982. [PMID: 38266927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and self-injury have become increasingly serious public health crises. Yet current evidence about the association between sedentary behavior (SB) and suicide is inconclusive. We explore the relationship between SB and suicide behavior to provide intervention measures to change the risk factors of the latter. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from database inception to September 10, 2023. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were used as effect measures. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on gender, regions and countries, age, and study type. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included. According to the meta-analysis of suicide type, compared with individuals without sedentary behavior, individuals with sedentary behavior have a higher risk of suicide attempt (OR = 1.23, 95%CI: 1.15-1.37, p < 0.001), suicide ideation (OR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.28-1.68, p < 0.001) and suicide plan (OR = 1.30, 95%CI:1.16-1.44, p < 0.001). We conducted multiple subgroup analyses for different suicidal behaviors. The analysis found that SB can increase the risk of suicide attempt in different subgroups of different genders, different research centers, Africa, and adolescents; SB can increase the risk of suicide ideation in the subgroups of different genders and ages, different research centers, Asia and Africa; SB can increase the risk of suicide plan in the subgroups of different genders, multi-center study, Africa, and adolescents. LIMITATIONS Future research should focus on objective SB measurement and explore its dose-response relation and time limit. CONCLUSION A sedentary lifestyle is associated with suicide behavior risk, with varying effects across age groups and regions, as evidenced in both single-center and multi-center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qing Long
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Student Affairs Office, Suizhou Vocational & Technical College, Suizhou City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaxia Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yunqiao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xu You
- Department of Psychiatry, Honghe Second People's Hospital, Honghe, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zeyi Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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Møller TK, Larsen MN, Pfeffer K, Frydenlund SE, Ntoumanis N, Krustrup P. The effects of a combined physical activity and health education program on health knowledge and well-being of socially vulnerable children. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14606. [PMID: 38545956 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the football-based health education program "11 for Health" on health knowledge and well-being in the setting of a 10-week residential stay in a Danish charity home for socially vulnerable children. Six hundred and fourteen children participated in the study, of which 305 took part in the standard program plus "11 for Health" (SG+: 12.4 ± 1.4 (mean ± SD) years) and 309 took part in the standard program (SG: 12.4 ± 1.6 years). We used a crossover design over two full years. The study examined changes in health knowledge and well-being through questionnaires. Overall health knowledge increased more in SG+ than SG over 10 weeks (6.6 vs. 3.4%, p < 0.05). The overall well-being scores were markedly improved (p < 0.05) by 4.54 ± 7.17 AU in SG+ and 4.51 ± 7.16 AU in SG, with no between-group differences. Specific improvements (p < 0.05) were seen in all well-being subcategories, raising the well-being scores to the national average. In conclusion, a 10-week stay at a Danish charity home, the Christmas Seal Home, markedly affected health knowledge and well-being of socially vulnerable children. When the football-based health education program-11 for Health-was added, there were additional positive effects on health knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine K Møller
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Malte N Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristina Pfeffer
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Yip KM, So HK, Tung KTS, Wong RS, Tso WWY, Wong ICK, Yam JC, Kwan MYW, Louie LHT, Lee A, Wong WHS, Hui LL, Nelson EAS, Ip P. Normative values of motor performance and their relationship with BMI status in Hong Kong preschoolers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6567. [PMID: 38503868 PMCID: PMC10951261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish sex- and age-specific reference values for motor performance (MP) in Hong Kong preschoolers aged 3-5 years old and examine the relationship between MP and BMI status. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5579 preschoolers in Hong Kong. Three MP tests were administered, and height and weight information were collected. GAMLSS was used to compute the normative values of the motor tests. Boys outperformed girls in activities requiring muscle strength and power, while girls outperformed boys in activities requiring balance and coordination. The MP scores increased with age for both overarm beanbag throw and standing long jump for both sexes, while the one-leg balance scores showed larger differences between P50 and P95 in older preschoolers. Children with excessive weight performed worse in standing long jump and one-leg balance compared to their healthy weight peers. This study provides valuable information on the MP of preschoolers in Hong Kong, including sex- and age-specific reference values and the association between BMI status and MP scores. These findings can serve as a reference for future studies and clinical practice and highlight the importance of promoting motor skill development in preschoolers, particularly those who are overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Man Yip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hung-Kwan So
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith T S Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rosa S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Winnie W Y Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ian C K Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason C Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mike Y W Kwan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lobo H T Louie
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wilfred H S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai-Ling Hui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - E A S Nelson
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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St. Pierre C, Mitchell J, Guan W, Sacheck JM. Promoting physical activity and youth development in schools: the case for near-peer coaches. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1345282. [PMID: 38525329 PMCID: PMC10957741 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sports-based youth development (SBYD) programs provide an inclusive, supportive environment for promoting physical activity as well as nurturing the development of life skills which, in combination, promote physical, mental, and emotional health in youth. The Up2Us Sports SBYD program was implemented in six schools in New Orleans, Louisiana in 2020-2022, where near-peer coaches from the community were placed in schools and present throughout the school day. The intervention period straddled the COVID-19 pandemic as well as extreme weather events, modifying program delivery. Process/methods An exploratory case study was conducted to understand participant experience amid program disruptions and modifications, as well as their perceptions of program impact on physical activity and health. Interviews with coaches (n = 7), focus groups with youth (n = 14) and program observation data were triangulated to provide a description of the case. Results The major theme that emerged from the case study was the centrality of the near-peer mentorship relationships between coaches and youth. Participants believed near-peer relationships facilitated life skill development and increased opportunity for physical activity in schools, but pressures on coaches' time and external challenges in the community were limiting factors to the extent of program impact. Conclusion This community case study demonstrates the potential role for near-peer mentors in influencing the health and wellbeing of youth from under-resourced communities and highlights the opportunity for school-based SBYD programming to provide youth with a consistent source of both relational and physical activity support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine St. Pierre
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Win Guan
- Up2Us Sports, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Social Insights Research, LLC, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Sacheck
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, United States
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Kuo HJ, Yeomans M, Ruiz D, Lin CC. Video games and disability-a risk and benefit analysis. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1343057. [PMID: 38496777 PMCID: PMC10943698 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1343057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Over the past decades, video games have become a substantial part of the entertainment industry. While ubiquitous, video game participation remains low among people with disabilities amid potential negative effects. This article analyzes the risks and benefits that video games may present to individuals with disabilities. Methodology In this conceptual article, we explored the literature pertaining to video games and disability. To better understand the impact of video games on individuals with disabilities, we focused on the unique features of video games through the lens of the Self-Determination Theory. Findings Our findings show that individuals with disabilities are most at risk from excessive video game use, leading to increased aggression, sedentary behavior, and negative impact on academic performance. Identified benefits include promoting physical rehabilitation and psychological well-being, improving cognitive abilities and emotional regulation, and utility in promoting exercises, and managing chronic pain. Originality This article presents a number of strategies and resources to help guide individuals with disabilities, educators, practitioners, and researchers in maximizing the benefits of video games while controlling the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Jen Kuo
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Michael Yeomans
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Derek Ruiz
- Rehabilitation and Disability Studies, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chien-Chun Lin
- Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, IL, United States
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Liu C, Liang X, Sit CHP. Physical Activity and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2024; 178:247-257. [PMID: 38285440 PMCID: PMC10825789 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Importance Children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders experience mental health issues and are encouraged to be brought together in real-life treatment. However, physical activity, which is a promising method for boosting mental health, has only been examined in children and adolescents with certain types of neurodevelopmental disorders. Objective To examine the association of physical activity interventions with mental health (ie, cognitive function, psychological well-being, internalizing, and externalizing problems) in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders and to identify possible moderators. Data Sources Studies were searched from inception to May 2023 through Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC. Study Selection Randomized clinical trials or nonrandomized designs applying physical activity interventions and reporting at least 1 mental health outcome in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years with neurodevelopmental disorders were included. Two independent reviewers selected and assessed the studies. Data Extraction and Synthesis Random multilevel meta-analysis using Hedges g was performed. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were conducted by multiple reviewers. Heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and moderator analysis were examined to substantiate the results. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were mental health related to cognitive function, psychological well-being, internalizing, or externalizing problems measured by neurocognitive tasks or subjective questionnaires. Results A total of 76 studies involving 3007 participants were included in systematic review, 59 of which were used for meta-analysis. The findings indicated that physical activity interventions were associated with significant benefits for overall mental health (g, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50-0.85), cognitive function (g, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.53-0.95), psychological well-being (g, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.16-0.96), internalizing (g, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.34-1.10), and externalizing problems (g, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.28-0.89). Moderators were also identified: frequency, total sessions, and total duration for overall mental health; total sessions, and total duration for cognitive function; session duration and frequency for psychological well-being; physical activity type for internalizing problems; and session duration for externalizing problems. Moderator analyses showed that type of neurodevelopmental disorder did not modify the associations between physical activity and overall mental health or its subgroups. Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study suggest that children and adolescents with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders may be grouped together when performing physical activity interventions, which were confirmed to be beneficial to overall mental health and its subgroups in this new diagnostic population, but that physical activity interventions should be tailored when targeting different mental health domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cindy H. P. Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Campos-Garzón P, Stewart T, Palma-Leal X, Molina-García J, Herrador-Colmenero M, Schipperijn J, Chillón P, Barranco-Ruiz Y. Are Spanish adolescents who actively commute to and from school more active in other domains? A spatiotemporal investigation. Health Place 2024; 86:103211. [PMID: 38428065 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
We examined the association between mode of commuting to/from school (i.e., walking, multimodal, and motorized-vehicle) and movement behaviours in several space-time domains (i.e., total day, home, school, transport, and other locations). Walking to and/or from school was associated with higher MVPA in all space-time domains except home, where no associations were found. After subtracting commuting time to/from school from total day domain, the associations in favour of walking to/from school were maintained compared to those using other commuting modes, and in transport domain these associations dissipated. The study suggests the importance of promoting walking to/from school for increasing MVPA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Campos-Garzón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - T Stewart
- Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - X Palma-Leal
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; IRyS Group, School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña Del Mar, Chile
| | - J Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Teaching of Physical Education, Arts and Music, University of Valencia, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-UJI-UV, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Herrador-Colmenero
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; La Inmaculada Teacher Training Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J Schipperijn
- Active Living, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - P Chillón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Y Barranco-Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Jiang S, Ng JYY, Chong KH, Peng B, Ha AS. Effects of eHealth Interventions on 24-Hour Movement Behaviors Among Preschoolers: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e52905. [PMID: 38381514 PMCID: PMC10918543 DOI: 10.2196/52905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of unhealthy movement behaviors among young children remains a global public health issue. eHealth is considered a cost-effective approach that holds great promise for enhancing health and related behaviors. However, previous research on eHealth interventions aimed at promoting behavior change has primarily focused on adolescents and adults, leaving a limited body of evidence specifically pertaining to preschoolers. OBJECTIVE This review aims to examine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in promoting 24-hour movement behaviors, specifically focusing on improving physical activity (PA) and sleep duration and reducing sedentary behavior among preschoolers. In addition, we assessed the moderating effects of various study characteristics on intervention effectiveness. METHODS We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) for experimental studies with a randomization procedure that examined the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on 24-hour movement behaviors among preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years in February 2023. The study outcomes included PA, sleep duration, and sedentary time. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect using a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the potential effects of moderating factors such as intervention duration, intervention type, and risk of bias (ROB). The included studies underwent a rigorous ROB assessment using the Cochrane ROB tool. Moreover, the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) assessment. RESULTS Of the 7191 identified records, 19 (0.26%) were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis comprised a sample of 2971 preschoolers, which was derived from 13 included studies. Compared with the control group, eHealth interventions significantly increased moderate to vigorous PA (Hedges g=0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.30; P=.02) and total PA (Hedges g=0.37, 95% CI 0.02-0.72; P=.04). In addition, eHealth interventions significantly reduced sedentary time (Hedges g=-0.15, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.02; P=.02) and increased sleep duration (Hedges g=0.47, 95% CI 0.18-0.75; P=.002) immediately after the intervention. However, no significant moderating effects were observed for any of the variables assessed (P>.05). The quality of evidence was rated as "moderate" for moderate to vigorous intensity PA and sedentary time outcomes and "low" for sleep outcomes. CONCLUSIONS eHealth interventions may be a promising strategy to increase PA, improve sleep, and reduce sedentary time among preschoolers. To effectively promote healthy behaviors in early childhood, it is imperative for future studies to prioritize the development of rigorous comparative trials with larger sample sizes. In addition, researchers should thoroughly examine the effects of potential moderators. There is also a pressing need to comprehensively explore the long-term effects resulting from these interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022365003; http://tinyurl.com/3nnfdwh3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Johan Y Y Ng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Kar Hau Chong
- School of Health and Society and Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Amy S Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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Chinapaw MJM, Klaufus LH, Oyeyemi AL, Draper C, Palmeira AL, Silva MN, Van Belle S, Pawlowski CS, Schipperijn J, Altenburg TM. Youth-centred participatory action approach towards co-created implementation of socially and physically activating environmental interventions in Africa and Europe: the YoPA project study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084657. [PMID: 38387985 PMCID: PMC10882351 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of adolescents do not meet guidelines for healthy behaviours, posing major risks for developing multiple non-communicable diseases. Unhealthy lifestyles seem more prevalent in urban than rural areas, with the neighbourhood environment as a mediating pathway. How to develop and implement sustainable and effective interventions focused on adolescent health and well-being in urban vulnerable life situations is a key challenge. This paper describes the protocol of a Youth-centred Participatory Action (YoPA) project aiming to tailor, implement, and evaluate social and physical environmental interventions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In diverse urban environments in Denmark, the Netherlands, Nigeria and South Africa, we will engage a dynamic group of 15-20 adolescents (12-19 years) growing up in vulnerable life situations and other key stakeholders (eg, policy makers, urban planners, community leaders) in local co-creation communities. Together with academic researchers and local stakeholders, adolescents will take a leading role in mapping the local system; tailoring; implementing and evaluating interventions during participatory meetings over the course of 3 years. YoPA applies a participatory mixed methods design guided by a novel Systems, User perspectives, Participatory co-creation process, Effects, Reach, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework assessing: (i) the local systems, (ii) user perspectives, (iii) the participatory co-creation process, (iv) effects, (v) reach, (vi) adoption, (vii) implementation and (viii) maintenance of interventions. Through a realist evaluation, YoPA will explore why and how specific outcomes were reached (or not) in each setting (n=800-1000 adolescents in total). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study received approval from the ethics committees in Denmark, the Netherlands, Nigeria and South Africa and will be disseminated via various collaborative dissemination activities targeting multiple audiences. We will obtain informed consent from all participants. We envision that our YoPA co-creation approach will serve as a guide for participation of adolescents in vulnerable life situations in implementation of health promotion and urban planning in Europe, Africa and globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT06181162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai J M Chinapaw
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie H Klaufus
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Physiotherapy, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Catherine Draper
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - António L Palmeira
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
- CIFI2D, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Lisbon
| | - Marlene Nunes Silva
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, Lisboa, Portugal
- Programa Nacional para a Promoção da Atividade Física, Direcção-Geral da Saúde, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Van Belle
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Charlotte S Pawlowski
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Teatske M Altenburg
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Behaviours and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Youl Moon H, Lee M. Exercise-induced expression of genes associated with aging in the hippocampus of rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 823:137646. [PMID: 38278317 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has underscored the influence of aging and exercise on brain function. In this study, we aimed to explore alterations in the expression of novel molecular factors and gain insight into underlying molecular mechanisms in the hippocampus of rats engaged in voluntary wheel running. We assessed the expression of aging-related genes in the hippocampus using a high-throughput whole genome DNA microarray approach in rats engaged in voluntary running for four weeks. The results indicated that compared to the control group, wheel running significantly altered the expressions of aging-related genes in the hippocampus. Functional categorization, utilizing pathway-focused gene classifications and disease state-focused gene classifications, along with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), revealed changes in expression pattern in major categories of cell death and survival, renal necrosis/cell death, and cardiovascular disease genes. These findings suggest that exercise may mitigate the risk of age-related cognitive decline by regulating of aging-related genes in the hippocampus. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms driving changes in gene expression and to determine the long-term effects of exercise on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Youl Moon
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Lee
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea.
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Qin N, Li Y, Duan YL, Luo YT, Li J, Cao H, Zhou X, Wang YQ, Yang PT, Xie JF, Cheng ASK. Associations between healthy lifestyle behavioral patterns and mental health problems: A latent class analysis of 161,744 Chinese young adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:414-421. [PMID: 38000470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth mental health problems are a public health priority. Multiple healthy lifestyle behaviors may cluster into healthy lifestyle behavioral patterns (HLBPs) that increase mental health risks in adolescents and older adults, but little is known regarding young adults. This study aimed to explore the associations between cluster HLBPs and mental health problems in young adults. METHODS We selected 161,744 young adults aged 20-39 as participants from the database of a Chinese general hospital health management center for the years 2015-2020. The latent class analysis was used to identify HLBPs. RESULTS A total of 15.0 % of young adults have at least one mental health problem. Five clusters of HLBPs were identified, characterized as low-risk class (1.6 %), moderate-risk class 1 (12.0 %), moderate-risk class 2 (2.1 %), moderate-risk class 3 (56.8 %), and high-risk class (27.4 %). The odds ratios (ORs) for young adults with two mental health problems increased with the risk grade of HLBPs, while the ORs for young adults with one or three mental health problems ranged from high to low according to the risk grade of HLBPs: high-risk class, moderate-risk class 2, moderate-risk class 3, moderate-risk class 1. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design and no causal conclusions could be drawn. CONCLUSION Young adults demonstrated a cluster phenomenon of healthy lifestyle behaviors and significant associations between HLBPs and mental health problems. Young adults with a higher risk grade for HLBPs were more likely to have mental health problems. Different HLBPs should be taken into account when implementing mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qin
- Department of Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Long Duan
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ting Luo
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Department of Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping-Ting Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Fei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Andy S K Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Suo X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang K, Li H, Zhai J, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Effects of parenting style on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their comorbidity during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown among 3117 Chinese junior high school students. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:549-556. [PMID: 38072163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and comorbidity increased in junior high school students due to the outbreak of COVID-19. The objective of this study was to measure the impacts of parenting style on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their comorbidity in Chinese junior high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period. METHODS An online survey was conducted in June 2020 among 3117 junior high school students from Shandong Province, China. The Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran scale was used to measure parenting styles. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale were used to measure depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted with SPSS 25.0 Version. RESULTS 3117 junior school students enrolled in this study. The prevalence of depressive symptoms only, anxiety symptoms only, and comorbidity among junior high school students was 11.55 %, 5.29 %, and 22.97 %. Paternal over-protection was a risk factor not only for depressive symptoms only (OR = 1.075, 95 % CI = 1.020-1.134) but for anxiety symptoms only (OR = 1.090, 95 % CI = 1.016-1.170) and comorbidity (OR = 1.098, 95 % CI = 1.050-1.148). Paternal over-interference was a protective factor for depressive symptoms only (OR = 0.947, 95 % CI = 0.908-0.987) and comorbidity (OR = 0.953, 95 % CI = 0.921-0.986). However, maternal over-interference and over-protection were risk factors for depressive symptoms only (OR = 1.039, 95 % CI = 1.011-1.068). LIMITATIONS This was a cross-sectional study and the causal inferences could not be conducted. CONCLUSIONS Junior high school students with poorer family environmental factors were more likely to suffer from the comorbidity of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Decision-makers from the government, educational, and healthcare institutions should pay more attention to junior high school students at higher risk of mental disorders due to poor parenting styles. We should discuss family interventions in the future to prevent mental disorders in junior high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Suo
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Kejin Wang
- The First Senior Middle School of Jining City, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hanyun Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinguo Zhai
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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