1
|
Ye XX, Jiang QY, Wu MJ, Ye QH, Zheng H. Transplant of fecal microbiota from healthy young mice relieves cognitive defects in late-stage diabetic mice by reducing metabolic disorders and neuroinflammation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01340-6. [PMID: 38992120 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is becoming as a promising area of interest for treating refractory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of FMT on diabetes-associated cognitive defects in mice as well as the underlying mechanisms. Fecal microbiota was prepared from 8-week-aged healthy mice. Late-stage type 1 diabetics (T1D) mice with a 30-week history of streptozotocin-induced diabetics were treated with antibiotics for 7 days, and then were transplanted with bacterial suspension (100 μL, i.g.) once a day for 14 days. We found that FMT from healthy young mice significantly alleviated cognitive defects of late-stage T1D mice assessed in Morris water maze test. We revealed that FMT significantly reduced the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacteria in the gut microbiota and enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, mitigating LPS translocation into the bloodstream and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the hippocampus, thereby reducing T1D-induced neuronal loss and astrocytic proliferation. FMT also reshaped the metabolic phenotypes in the hippocampus of T1D mice especially for alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Moreover, we showed that application of aspartate (0.1 mM) significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production in BV2 cells under a HG/LPS condition. We conclude that FMT can effectively relieve T1D-associated cognitive decline via reducing the gut-brain metabolic disorders and neuroinflammation, providing a potential therapeutic approach for diabetes-related brain disorders in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Xi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qiao-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Meng-Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qing-Huai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Drugs and Large-scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carpenter RS, Maryanovich M. Systemic and local regulation of hematopoietic homeostasis in health and disease. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:651-665. [PMID: 39196230 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) generate all blood cell lineages responsible for tissue oxygenation, life-long hematopoietic homeostasis and immune protection. In adulthood, HSCs primarily reside in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, consisting of diverse cell types that constitute the stem cell 'niche'. The adaptability of the hematopoietic system is required to respond to the needs of the host, whether to maintain normal physiology or during periods of physical, psychosocial or environmental stress. Hematopoietic homeostasis is achieved by intricate coordination of systemic and local factors that orchestrate the function of HSCs throughout life. However, homeostasis is not a static process; it modulates HSC and progenitor activity in response to circadian rhythms coordinated by the central and peripheral nervous systems, inflammatory cues, metabolites and pathologic conditions. Here, we review local and systemic factors that impact hematopoiesis, focusing on the implications of aging, stress and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randall S Carpenter
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria Maryanovich
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu X, Buhl CS, Sjogaard MB, Schousboe K, Mizrak HI, Kufaishi H, Hansen CS, Yderstræde KB, Jensen TS, Nyengaard JR, Karlsson P. Structural Changes of Cutaneous Immune Cells in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Relationship With Diabetic Polyneuropathy. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2023; 10:e200144. [PMID: 37527931 PMCID: PMC10393274 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes characterized by pain or lack of peripheral sensation, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Recent evidence showed increased cutaneous macrophage infiltration in patients with type 2 diabetes and painful DPN, and this study aimed to understand whether the same applies to type 1 diabetes. METHODS The study included 104 participants: 26 healthy controls and 78 participants with type 1 diabetes (participants without DPN [n = 24], participants with painless DPN [n = 29], and participants with painful DPN [n = 25]). Two immune cells, dermal IBA1+ macrophages and epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs, CD207+), were visualized and quantified using immunohistological labeling and stereological counting methods on skin biopsies from the participants. The IBA1+ macrophage infiltration, LC number density, LC soma cross-sectional area, and LC processes were measured in this study. RESULTS Significant difference in IBA1+ macrophage expression was seen between the groups (p = 0.003), with lower expression of IBA1 in participants with DPN. No differences in LC morphologies (LC number density, soma cross-sectional area, and process level) were found between the groups (all p > 0.05). In addition, IBA1+ macrophages, but not LCs, correlated with intraepidermal nerve fiber density, Michigan neuropathy symptom inventory, (questionnaire and total score), severity of neuropathy as assessed by the Toronto clinical neuropathy score, and vibration detection threshold in the whole study cohort. DISCUSSION This study showed expressional differences of cutaneous IBA1+ macrophages but not LC in participants with type 1 diabetes-induced DPN compared with those in controls. The study suggests that a reduction in macrophages may play a role in the development and progression of autoimmune-induced diabetic neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hu
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Christian S Buhl
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Marie B Sjogaard
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Karoline Schousboe
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Hatice I Mizrak
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Huda Kufaishi
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Christian S Hansen
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Knud B Yderstræde
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Troels S Jensen
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Jens R Nyengaard
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark
| | - Pall Karlsson
- From the Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Aarhus University (X.H., M.B.S., J.R.N., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen (H.I.M., H.K., C.S.H.); Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (C.B., P.K.); Steno Diabetes Center Odense (K.S., K.B.Y.); Aarhus University Hospital (T.S.J., J.R.N.), Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vargas-Soria M, García-Alloza M, Corraliza-Gómez M. Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:57. [PMID: 36869375 PMCID: PMC9983227 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia, commonly preceded by a prediabetic state. The excess of blood glucose can damage multiple organs, including the brain. In fact, cognitive decline and dementia are increasingly being recognized as important comorbidities of diabetes. Despite the largely consistent link between diabetes and dementia, the underlying causes of neurodegeneration in diabetic patients remain to be elucidated. A common factor for almost all neurological disorders is neuroinflammation, a complex inflammatory process in the central nervous system for the most part orchestrated by microglial cells, the main representatives of the immune system in the brain. In this context, our research question aimed to understand how diabetes affects brain and/or retinal microglia physiology. We conducted a systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science to identify research items addressing the effects of diabetes on microglial phenotypic modulation, including critical neuroinflammatory mediators and their pathways. The literature search yielded 1327 records, including 18 patents. Based on the title and abstracts, 830 papers were screened from which 250 primary research papers met the eligibility criteria (original research articles with patients or with a strict diabetes model without comorbidities, that included direct data about microglia in the brain or retina), and 17 additional research papers were included through forward and backward citations, resulting in a total of 267 primary research articles included in the scoping systematic review. We reviewed all primary publications investigating the effects of diabetes and/or its main pathophysiological traits on microglia, including in vitro studies, preclinical models of diabetes and clinical studies on diabetic patients. Although a strict classification of microglia remains elusive given their capacity to adapt to the environment and their morphological, ultrastructural and molecular dynamism, diabetes modulates microglial phenotypic states, triggering specific responses that include upregulation of activity markers (such as Iba1, CD11b, CD68, MHC-II and F4/80), morphological shift to amoeboid shape, secretion of a wide variety of cytokines and chemokines, metabolic reprogramming and generalized increase of oxidative stress. Pathways commonly activated by diabetes-related conditions include NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, fractalkine/CX3CR1, MAPKs, AGEs/RAGE and Akt/mTOR. Altogether, the detailed portrait of complex interactions between diabetes and microglia physiology presented here can be regarded as an important starting point for future research focused on the microglia-metabolism interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Vargas-Soria
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Mónica García-Alloza
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miriam Corraliza-Gómez
- Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigacion e Innovacion en Ciencias Biomedicas de la Provincia de Cadiz (INIBICA), Cadiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang AJ, Wang A, Hascall V. Heparin binding proteins on monocyte cell surfaces regulates pre-inflammatory responses in diabetes. JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 4:16-23. [PMID: 38618493 PMCID: PMC11013956 DOI: 10.46439/allergy.4.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Many diabetic complications, such as renal and cardiovascular disease, share a common association with extensive and chronic inflammation due to infiltration by activated leukocytes that originate from the bone marrow (BM). Our previous study demonstrated that macrophage progenitor cells that divided in hyperglycemia induced intracellular synthesis of hyaluronan and became pro-inflammatory macrophages (Mpi), and that the presence of low concentrations of heparin (~50 nM) prevented the intracellular HA synthesis and promoted the formation of tissue repair macrophages (Mtr). However, the molecular mechanism underlying heparin's role is still unknown. This study showed that heparin can be internalized by dividing monocyte progenitor cells. Further, there are two most abundant heparin binding proteins, alpha-enolase (ENO-1) and cofilin-1, identified on monocyte cell surfaces. In addition to their conventional roles inside of cells, ENO-1 and cofilin-1 can be found on cell surfaces and are also involved in autoimmune diseases. Thus, this study provides new insight into heparin's role in regulating monocyte and macrophage function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Aimin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Vincent Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Hypertension is a worldwide problem with major impacts on health including morbidity and mortality, as well as consumption of health care resources. Nearly 50% of American adults have high blood pressure, and this rate is rising. Even with multiple antihypertensive drugs and aggressive lifestyle modifications, blood pressure is inadequately controlled in about 1 of 5 hypertensive individuals. This review highlights a hypothesis for hypertension that suggests alternative mechanisms for blood pressure elevation and maintenance. A better understanding of these mechanisms could open avenues for more successful treatments. The hypothesis accounts for recent understandings of the involvement of gut physiology, gut microbiota, and neuroinflammation in hypertension. It includes bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and gut epithelium in the gut-brain axis that is involved in regulation of autonomic nervous system activity and blood pressure control. Dysfunction of this gut-brain axis, including dysbiosis of gut microbiota, gut epithelial dysfunction, and deranged input to the brain, contributes to hypertension via inflammatory mediators, metabolites, bacteria in the circulation, afferent information alterations, etc resulting in neuroinflammation and unbalanced autonomic nervous system activity that elevates blood pressure. This in turn negatively affects gut function and its microbiota exacerbating the problem. We focus this review on the gut-brain axis hypothesis for hypertension and possible contribution to racial disparities in hypertension. A novel idea, that immunoglobulin A-coated bacteria originating in the gut with access to the brain could be involved in hypertension, is raised. Finally, minocycline, with its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, is evaluated as a potential antihypertensive drug acting on this axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Richards
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bruce R Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Carl J Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mohan K Raizada
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saito Y, Miyajima M, Yamamoto S, Miura N, Sato T, Kita A, Ijima S, Fujimiya M, Chikenji TS. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:644-658. [PMID: 35466994 PMCID: PMC9216504 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maki Miyajima
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sena Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Miura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arisa Kita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shogo Ijima
- Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takako S Chikenji
- Corresponding author: Takako S. Chikenji, PhD. , North 12 West 5, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan. Tel: +011 706 3382; Fax: +011 706 3382;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhusal A, Rahman MH, Suk K. Hypothalamic inflammation in metabolic disorders and aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:32. [PMID: 34910246 PMCID: PMC11071926 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a critical brain region for the regulation of energy homeostasis. Over the years, studies on energy metabolism primarily focused on the neuronal component of the hypothalamus. Studies have recently uncovered the vital role of glial cells as an additional player in energy balance regulation. However, their inflammatory activation under metabolic stress condition contributes to various metabolic diseases. The recruitment of monocytes and macrophages in the hypothalamus helps sustain such inflammation and worsens the disease state. Neurons were found to actively participate in hypothalamic inflammatory response by transmitting signals to the surrounding non-neuronal cells. This activation of different cell types in the hypothalamus leads to chronic, low-grade inflammation, impairing energy balance and contributing to defective feeding habits, thermogenesis, and insulin and leptin signaling, eventually leading to metabolic disorders (i.e., diabetes, obesity, and hypertension). The hypothalamus is also responsible for the causation of systemic aging under metabolic stress. A better understanding of the multiple factors contributing to hypothalamic inflammation, the role of the different hypothalamic cells, and their crosstalks may help identify new therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on the role of glial cells in establishing a cause-effect relationship between hypothalamic inflammation and the development of metabolic diseases. We also cover the role of other cell types and discuss the possibilities and challenges of targeting hypothalamic inflammation as a valid therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anup Bhusal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abboud FM, Cicha MZ, Ericsson A, Chapleau MW, Singh MV. Altering Early Life Gut Microbiota Has Long-Term Effect on Immune System and Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:752924. [PMID: 34777016 PMCID: PMC8586697 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.752924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is regulated by immunological components. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) display a large population of proinflammatory CD161 + immune cells. We investigated the effect of early post-natal gut microbiota on the development of the immune system and resulting hypertension in the SHR. We first examined the microbial populations in the fecal samples of SHR and normotensive control WKY using 16S rDNA sequencing. We found that in the newborn SHR (1-week old) the gut microbiota was qualitatively and quantitatively different from the newborns of normotensive WKY. The representation of the predominant bacterial phylum Proteobacteria was significantly less in 1-week old SHR pups than in WKY (94.5% Proteobacteria in WKY vs. 65.2% in SHR neonates). Even within the phylum Proteobacteria, the colonizing genera in WKY and SHR differed dramatically. Whereas WKY microbiota was predominantly comprised of Escherichia-Shigella, SHR microbiota was represented by other taxa of Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae. In contrast, the representation of phylum Firmicutes in the neonatal SHR gut was greater than WKY. Cross-fostering newborn SHR pups by lactating WKY dams caused a dramatic shift in 1-week old cross-fostered SHR gut microbiota. The two major bacterial taxa of phylum Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae as well as Lactobacillus intestinalis, Proteus, Romboustia and Rothia were depleted after cross-fostering and were replaced by the predominant genera of WKY (Escherichia-Shigella). A proinflammatory IL-17F producing CD161 + immune cell population in the spleen and aorta of cross-fostered SHR was also reduced (30.7% in self-fostered SHR vs. 12.6% in cross-fostered SHR at 30 weeks of age) as was the systolic blood pressure in adult cross-fostered SHR at 10 weeks of age. Thus, altered composition of gut microbiota of SHR toward WKY at early neonatal age had a long-lasting effect on immune system by reducing proinflammatory immune cells and lowering systolic blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francois M Abboud
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael Z Cicha
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Aaron Ericsson
- Metagenomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mark W Chapleau
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Madhu V Singh
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Redaelli V, Bosi A, Luzi F, Cappella P, Zerbi P, Ludwig N, Di Lernia D, Roughan JV, Porcu L, Soranna D, Parati G, Calvillo L. Neuroinflammation, body temperature and behavioural changes in CD1 male mice undergoing acute restraint stress: An exploratory study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259938. [PMID: 34780550 PMCID: PMC8592432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models used to study pathologies requiring rehabilitation therapy, such as cardiovascular and neurologic disorders or oncologic disease, must be as refined and translationally relevant as possible. Sometimes, however, experimental procedures such as those involving restraint may generate undesired effects which may act as a source of bias. However, the extent to which potentially confounding effects derive from such routine procedures is currently unknown. Our study was therefore aimed at exploring possible undesirable effects of acute restraint stress, whereby animals were exposed to a brightly lit enclosed chamber (R&L) similar to those that are commonly used for substance injection. We hypothesised that this would induce a range of unwanted physiological alterations [such as neuroinflammatory response and changes in body weight and in brown adipose tissue (BAT)] and behavioural modification, and that these might be mitigated via the use of non-aversive handling methods: Tunnel Handling (NAH-T) and Mechanoceptive Handling (NAH-M)) as compared to standard Tail Handling (TH). METHODS Two indicators of physiological alterations and three potentially stress sensitive behavioural parameters were assessed. Physiological alterations were recorded via body weight changes and assessing the temperature of Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) using infra-red thermography (IRT), and at the end of the experiment we determined the concentration of cytokines CXCL12 and CCL2 in bone marrow (BM) and activated microglia in the brain. Nest complexity scoring, automated home-cage behaviour analysis (HCS) and Elevated Plus Maze testing (EPM) were used to detect any behavioural alterations. Recordings were made before and after a 15-minute period of R&L in groups of mice handled via TH, NAH-T or NAH-M. RESULTS BAT temperature significantly decreased in all handling groups following R&L regardless of handling method. There was a difference, at the limit of significance (p = 0.06), in CXCL12 BM content among groups. CXCL12 content in BM of NAH-T animals was similar to that found in Sentinels, the less stressed group of animals. After R&L, mice undergoing NAH-T and NAH-M showed improved body-weight maintenance compared to those exposed to TH. Mice handled via NAH-M spent a significantly longer time on the open arms of the EPM. The HCS results showed that in all mice, regardless of handling method, R&L resulted in a significant reduction in walking and rearing, but not in total distance travelled. All mice also groomed more. No difference among the groups was found in Nest Score, in CCL2 BM content or in brain activated microglia. CONCLUSIONS Stress induced by a common restraint procedure caused metabolic and behavioural changes that might increase the risk of unexpected bias. In particular, the significant decrease in BAT temperature could affect the important metabolic pathways controlled by this tissue. R&L lowered the normal frequency of walking and rearing, increased grooming and probably carried a risk of low-grade neuro-inflammation. Some of the observed alterations can be mitigated by Non-aversive handlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Redaelli
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences–One Health Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bosi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences–One Health Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Zerbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ludwig
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Dipartimento di psicologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - John Vincent Roughan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Comparative Biology Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Porcu
- Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Soranna
- Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calvillo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang C, Rosencrans RF, Bugescu R, Vieira CP, Hu P, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Gamble KL, Longhini ALF, Fuller PM, Leinninger GM, Grant MB. Depleting hypothalamic somatostatinergic neurons recapitulates diabetic phenotypes in mouse brain, bone marrow, adipose and retina. Diabetologia 2021; 64:2575-2588. [PMID: 34430981 PMCID: PMC9004546 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hypothalamic inflammation and sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity are hallmark features of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Hypothalamic inflammation may aggravate metabolic and immunological pathologies due to extensive sympathetic activation of peripheral tissues. Loss of somatostatinergic (SST) neurons may contribute to enhanced hypothalamic inflammation. METHODS The present data show that leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice exhibit reduced hypothalamic SST neurons, particularly in the periventricular nucleus. We model this finding, using adeno-associated virus delivery of diphtheria toxin subunit A (DTA) driven by an SST-cre system to deplete these neurons in Sstcre/gfp mice (SST-DTA). RESULTS SST-DTA mice exhibit enhanced hypothalamic c-Fos expression and brain inflammation as demonstrated by microglial and astrocytic activation. Bone marrow from SST-DTA mice undergoes skewed haematopoiesis, generating excess granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and increased proinflammatory (C-C chemokine receptor type 2; CCR2hi) monocytes. SST-DTA mice exhibited a 'diabetic retinopathy-like' phenotype: reduced visual function by optokinetic response (0.4 vs 0.25 cycles/degree; SST-DTA vs control mice); delayed electroretinogram oscillatory potentials; and increased percentages of retinal monocytes. Finally, mesenteric visceral adipose tissue from SST-DTA mice was resistant to catecholamine-induced lipolysis, displaying 50% reduction in isoprenaline (isoproterenol)-induced lipolysis compared with control littermates. Importantly, hyperglycaemia was not observed in SST-DTA mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The isolated reduction in hypothalamic SST neurons was able to recapitulate several hallmark features of type 2 diabetes in disease-relevant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert F Rosencrans
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raluca Bugescu
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cristiano P Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ana Leda F Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patrick M Fuller
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M Leinninger
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zheng H, Xu P, Jiang Q, Xu Q, Zheng Y, Yan J, Ji H, Ning J, Zhang X, Li C, Zhang L, Li Y, Li X, Song W, Gao H. Depletion of acetate-producing bacteria from the gut microbiota facilitates cognitive impairment through the gut-brain neural mechanism in diabetic mice. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:145. [PMID: 34172092 PMCID: PMC8235853 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modification of the gut microbiota has been reported to reduce the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). We hypothesized that the gut microbiota shifts might also have an effect on cognitive functions in T1D. Herein we used a non-absorbable antibiotic vancomycin to modify the gut microbiota in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D mice and studied the impact of microbial changes on cognitive performances in T1D mice and its potential gut-brain neural mechanism. RESULTS We found that vancomycin exposure disrupted the gut microbiome, altered host metabolic phenotypes, and facilitated cognitive impairment in T1D mice. Long-term acetate deficiency due to depletion of acetate-producing bacteria resulted in the reduction of synaptophysin (SYP) in the hippocampus as well as learning and memory impairments. Exogenous acetate supplement or fecal microbiota transplant recovered hippocampal SYP level in vancomycin-treated T1D mice, and this effect was attenuated by vagal inhibition or vagotomy. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the protective role of microbiota metabolite acetate in cognitive functions and suggest long-term acetate deficiency as a risk factor of cognitive decline. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015 China
- Institute of Aging, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Pengtao Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Qiaoying Jiang
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Yafei Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Hui Ji
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Jie Ning
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015 China
| | - Xiaokui Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Weihong Song
- Institute of Aging, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015 China
- Institute of Aging, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rahman MH, Bhusal A, Kim JH, Jha MK, Song GJ, Go Y, Jang IS, Lee IK, Suk K. Astrocytic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-2 is involved in hypothalamic inflammation in mouse models of diabetes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5906. [PMID: 33219201 PMCID: PMC7680139 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation plays an important role in disrupting feeding behavior and energy homeostasis as well as in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. Here, we show that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-2 plays a role in hypothalamic inflammation and its sequelae in mouse models of diabetes. Cell type-specific genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of PDK2 in hypothalamic astrocytes suggest that hypothalamic astrocytes are involved in the diabetic phenotype. We also show that the PDK2-lactic acid axis plays a regulatory role in the observed metabolic imbalance and hypothalamic inflammation in mouse primary astrocyte and organotypic cultures, through the AMPK signaling pathway and neuropeptidergic circuitry governing feeding behavior. Our findings reveal that PDK2 ablation or inhibition in mouse astrocytes attenuates diabetes-induced hypothalamic inflammation and subsequent alterations in feeding behavior. Hypothalamic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show that astrocytic PDK2 ablation or inhibition attenuates hypothalamic inflammation in mouse models of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibur Rahman
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Anup Bhusal
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mithilesh Kumar Jha
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Gyun Jee Song
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.,Translational Brain Research Center, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Go
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sung Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-412, Republic of Korea.,Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 700-721, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 700-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ahmari N, Hayward LF, Zubcevic J. The importance of bone marrow and the immune system in driving increases in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity in hypertension. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:1815-1826. [PMID: 32964557 DOI: 10.1113/ep088247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This manuscript provides a review of the current understanding of the role of the sympathetic nervous system in regulation of bone marrow-derived immune cells and the effect that the infiltrating bone marrow cells may have on perpetuation of the sympathetic over-activation in hypertension. What advances does it highlight? We highlight the recent advances in understanding of the neuroimmune interactions both peripherally and centrally as they relate to blood pressure control. ABSTRACT The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis, in part by regulating, integrating and orchestrating processes between many physiological systems, including the immune system. Sympathetic nerves innervate all primary and secondary immune organs, and all cells of the immune system express β-adrenoreceptors. In turn, immune cells can produce cytokines, chemokines and neurotransmitters capable of modulating neuronal activity and, ultimately, SNS activity. Thus, the essential role of the SNS in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune functions is mediated, in part, via β-adrenoreceptor-induced activation of bone marrow cells by noradrenaline. Interestingly, both central and systemic inflammation are well-established hallmarks of hypertension and its co-morbidities, including an inflammatory process involving the transmigration and infiltration of immune cells into tissues. We propose that physiological states that prolong β-adrenoreceptor activation in bone marrow can disrupt neuroimmune homeostasis and impair communication between the immune system and SNS, leading to immune dysregulation, which, in turn, is sustained via a central mechanism involving neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niousha Ahmari
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Linda F Hayward
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carpenter RS, Marbourg JM, Brennan FH, Mifflin KA, Hall JCE, Jiang RR, Mo XM, Karunasiri M, Burke MH, Dorrance AM, Popovich PG. Spinal cord injury causes chronic bone marrow failure. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3702. [PMID: 32710081 PMCID: PMC7382469 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes immune dysfunction, increasing the risk of infectious morbidity and mortality. Since bone marrow hematopoiesis is essential for proper immune function, we hypothesize that SCI disrupts bone marrow hematopoiesis. Indeed, SCI causes excessive proliferation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), but these cells cannot leave the bone marrow, even after challenging the host with a potent inflammatory stimulus. Sequestration of HSPCs in bone marrow after SCI is linked to aberrant chemotactic signaling that can be reversed by post-injury injections of Plerixafor (AMD3100), a small molecule inhibitor of CXCR4. Even though Plerixafor liberates HSPCs and mature immune cells from bone marrow, competitive repopulation assays show that the intrinsic long-term functional capacity of HSPCs is still impaired in SCI mice. Together, our data suggest that SCI causes an acquired bone marrow failure syndrome that may contribute to chronic immune dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randall S Carpenter
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica M Marbourg
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Faith H Brennan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katherine A Mifflin
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jodie C E Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Roselyn R Jiang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaokui M Mo
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Malith Karunasiri
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew H Burke
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adrienne M Dorrance
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abdel-Megeed RM, El Newary SA, Kadry MO, Ghanem HZ, El-Shesheny RA, Said-Al Ahl HAH, Abdel-Hamid AHZ. Hyssopus officinalis exerts hypoglycemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via modulating GSK-3β, C-fos, NF-κB, ABCA1 and ABGA1 gene expression. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:483-491. [PMID: 32550200 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is contributed to dual interactions between environmental factors and certain genetic factors. This impressed a great need for novel treatment strategy. Nevertheless, Hyssopus officinalis (H. officinalis) as a terrestrial herb is considered to be an important source of natural antioxidants, it could be assessed as an anti-hyperglycemic agent. Methods In the current study, HPLC identified the active constitutes of H. officinalis, including total polyphenols, and flavonoids. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in male Wistar albino rats via a single ip dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg BW). One week post diabetes induction, rats were administrated H. officinalis (500 mg/ kg BW) orally for one month. Molecular analysis was assessed to investigate the efficiency of H. officinalis on modulating ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) genes, in addition to apoptotic biomarkers, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and cellular oncogene-fos (C-fos) genes. Furthermore, inflammatory biomarkers, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene expression were also assessed. Results H. officinalis alcoholic extract declared the presence of polyphenols as gallic acid and flavonoids as quercetin in addition to many active constituents. Apigenin-7-glucoside and Chlorgenic acid were the most common constituents in the extract. RT-PCR results declared a significant up-regulation in mRNA gene expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 upon H. officinalis treatment. Meanwhile, C-fos gene expression recorded a slight down-regulation. Gene expression of apoptotic biomarker GSK-3β demonstrated a significant down regulation as well as inflammatory biomarkers NF-κB and TNF-α. Conclusion From the data recorded, it could be concluded that H. officinalis exerts a great hypoglycemic potential via modulating C-fos, GSK-3β, NF-κB, TNF-α, ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression and signaling pathways and could be considered as an effective candidate for DMT2 treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M Abdel-Megeed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Samah A El Newary
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai O Kadry
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Hassan Z Ghanem
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | - Rabeh A El-Shesheny
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, Environmental Research Division, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein A H Said-Al Ahl
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid Z Abdel-Hamid
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Division, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Banks WA. The Blood-Brain Barrier Interface in Diabetes Mellitus: Dysfunctions, Mechanisms and Approaches to Treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1438-1447. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200325110014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases in the world. Among its effects are an increase in the risk of cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer’s disease, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. DM is characterized by high blood glucose levels that are caused by either lack of insulin (Type I) or resistance to the actions of insulin (Type II). The phenotypes of these two types are dramatically different, with Type I animals being thin, with low levels of leptin as well as insulin, whereas Type II animals are often obese with high levels of both leptin and insulin. The best characterized change in BBB dysfunction is that of disruption. The brain regions that are disrupted, however, vary between Type I vs Type II DM, suggesting that factors other than hyperglycemia, perhaps hormonal factors such as leptin and insulin, play a regionally diverse role in BBB vulnerability or protection. Some BBB transporters are also altered in DM, including P-glycoprotein, lowdensity lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, and the insulin transporter as other functions of the BBB, such as brain endothelial cell (BEC) expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and immune cell trafficking. Pericyte loss secondary to the increased oxidative stress of processing excess glucose through the Krebs cycle is one mechanism that has shown to result in BBB disruption. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by advanced glycation endproducts can increase the production of matrix metalloproteinases, which in turn affects tight junction proteins, providing another mechanism for BBB disruption as well as effects on P-glycoprotein. Through the enhanced expression of the redox-related mitochondrial transporter ABCB10, redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) inhibits BEC-monocyte adhesion. Several potential therapies, in addition to those of restoring euglycemia, can prevent some aspects of BBB dysfunction. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition decreases glucose metabolism and so reduces oxidative stress, preserving pericytes and blocking or reversing BBB disruption. Statins or N-acetylcysteine can reverse the BBB opening in some models of DM, fibroblast growth factor-21 improves BBB permeability through an Nrf2-dependent pathway, and nifedipine or VEGF improves memory in DM models. In summary, DM alters various aspects of BBB function through a number of mechanisms. A variety of treatments based on those mechanisms, as well as restoration of euglycemia, may be able to restore BBB functions., including reversal of BBB disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William A. Banks
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Al-Sharea A, Lee MKS, Purton LE, Hawkins ED, Murphy AJ. The haematopoietic stem cell niche: a new player in cardiovascular disease? Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:277-291. [PMID: 30590405 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis, the process of blood production, can be altered during the initiation or progression of many diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been shown to be heavily influenced by changes to the haematopoietic system, including the types and abundance of immune cells produced. It is now well established that innate immune cells are increased in people with CVD, and the mechanisms contributing to this can be vastly different depending on the risk factors or comorbidities present. Many of these changes begin at the level of the haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) that reside in the bone marrow (BM). In general, the HSPCs and downstream myeloid progenitors are expanded via increased proliferation in the setting of atherosclerotic CVD. However, HSPCs can also be encouraged to leave the BM and colonise extramedullary sites (i.e. the spleen). Within the BM, HSPCs reside in specialized microenvironments, often referred to as a niche. To date in depth studies assessing the damage or dysregulation that occurs in the BM niche in varying CVDs are scarce. In this review, we provide a general overview of the complex components and interactions within the BM niche and how they influence the function of HSPCs. Additionally, we discuss the main findings regarding changes in the HSPC niche that influence the progression of CVD. We hypothesize that understanding the influence of the BM niche in CVD will aid in delineating new pathways for therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annas Al-Sharea
- Division of Immunometabolism, Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Man Kit Sam Lee
- Division of Immunometabolism, Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Edwin D Hawkins
- Division of Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hai-Na Z, Xu-Ben Y, Cong-Rong T, Yan-Cheng C, Fan Y, Lei-Mei X, Ruo-Lan S, Ye-Zi, Ye-Xuan W, Jing L. Atorvastatin ameliorates depressive behaviors and neuroinflammatory in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:695-705. [PMID: 31786648 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a chronic and progressive syndrome and commonly associated with several neuropsychiatric comorbidities, of which depression is the most studied. It has been demonstrated that statins also have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which being explored for potential benefits in depression. However, the role of statins in the treatment of diabetes-related depression has not been well examined. Herein, we investigated the effects of atorvastatin on depressive behaviors and neuroinflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Our data indicated that oral administration of atorvastatin at 10 or 20 mg/kg for 3 weeks markedly ameliorated diabetes-associated depressive behaviors reflected by better performance in sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST), and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT). The study further showed that atrovastatin decreased the expression of nucleus NF-κB p65 expression and ameliorated neuroinflammatory responses in prefrontal cortex as evidenced by less Iba-1-positive cells and lower inflammatory mediators including IL-1β and TNF-α. As expected, atorvastatin-treated diabetic mice exhibited significant improvement of hyperlipidemia rather than hyperglycemia. These results suggest that atorvastatin has the potential to be employed as a therapy for diabetes-related depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hai-Na
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yu Xu-Ben
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Tang Cong-Rong
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Cao Yan-Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xu Lei-Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Sun Ruo-Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ye-Zi
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wang Ye-Xuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Liang Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and for events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure and chronic kidney disease and is a major determinant of disability-adjusted life-years. Despite the importance of hypertension, the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, which involves the complex interaction of several mechanisms, is still poorly understood. Evidence suggests that interplay between bone marrow, microglia and immune mediators underlies the development of arterial hypertension, in particular through mechanisms involving cytokines and peptides, such as neuropeptide Y, substance P, angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7). Chronic psychological stress also seems to have a role in increasing the risk of hypertension, probably through the activation of neuroimmune pathways. In this Review, we summarize the available data on the possible role of neuroimmune crosstalk in the origin and maintenance of arterial hypertension and discuss the implications of this crosstalk for recovery and rehabilitation after cardiac and cerebral injuries.
Collapse
|
21
|
Faria APD, Ritter AMV, Gasparetti CS, Corrêa NB, Brunelli V, Almeida A, Pires NF, Modolo R, Moreno Junior H. A Proposed Inflammatory Score of Circulating Cytokines/Adipokines Associated with Resistant Hypertension, but Dependent on Obesity Parameters. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 112:383-389. [PMID: 30843931 PMCID: PMC6459424 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that subclinical systemic inflammation is present in
resistant hypertension (RHTN). Objective The aim of the study was to develop an integrated measure of circulating
cytokines/adipokines involved in the pathophysiology of RHTN. Methods RHTN (n = 112) and mild to moderate hypertensive (HTN) subjects (n=112) were
studied in a cross-sectional design. Plasma cytokines/adipokines (TNF-alpha,
interleukins [IL]-6, -8, -10, leptin and adiponectin) values were divided
into tertiles, to which a score ranging from 1 (lowest tertile) to 3
(highest tertile) was assigned. The inflammatory score (IS) of each subject
was the sum of each pro-inflammatory cytokine scores from which
anti-inflammatory cytokines (adiponectin and IL-10) scores were subtracted.
The level of significance accepted was alpha = 0.05. Results IS was higher in RHTN subjects compared with HTN subjects [4 (2-6) vs. 3
(2-5); p = 0.02, respectively]. IS positively correlated with body fat
parameters, such as body mass index (r = 0.40; p < 0.001), waist
circumference (r = 0.30; p < 0.001) and fat mass assessed by
bioelectrical impedance analysis (r = 0.31; p < 0.001) in all
hypertensive subjects. Logistic regression analyses revealed that IS was an
independent predictor of RHTN (OR = 1.20; p = 0.02), independent of age,
gender and race, although it did not remain significant after adjustment for
body fat parameters. Conclusion A state of subclinical inflammation defined by an IS including TNF-alpha,
IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, leptin and adiponectin is associated with obese RHTN. In
addition, this score correlates with obesity parameters, independently of
hypertensive status. The IS may be used for the evaluation of conditions
involving low-grade inflammation, such as obesity-related RHTN. Indeed, it
also highlights the strong relationship between obesity and inflammatory
process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula de Faria
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Souza Gasparetti
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil.,Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Nathália Batista Corrêa
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Veridiana Brunelli
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Aurélio Almeida
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Nayara Fraccari Pires
- Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Modolo
- Departamento de Medicina Interna - Disciplina de Cardiologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| | - Heitor Moreno Junior
- Departamento de Medicina Interna da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou J, Zhang Z, Qian G. Neuropathy and inflammation in diabetic bone marrow. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3083. [PMID: 30289199 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes impairs the bone marrow (BM) architecture and function as well as the mobilization of immature cells into the bloodstream and number of potential regenerative cells. Circadian regulation of bone immature cell migration is regulated by β-adrenergic receptors, which are expressed on haematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and osteoblasts in the BM. Diabetes is associated with a substantially lower number of sympathetic nerve terminal endings in the BM; thus, diabetic neuropathy plays a critical role in BM dysfunction. Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells, BM mononuclear cells, haematopoietic stem cells, and stromal cells ameliorates the dysfunction of diabetic neuropathy, which occurs, in part, through secreted neurotrophic factors, growth factors, adipokines, and polarizing macrophage M2 cells and inhibiting inflammation. Inflammation may be a therapeutic target for BM stem cells to improve diabetic neuropathy. Given that angiogenic and neurotrophic effects are two major barriers to effective diabetic neuropathy therapy, targeting BM stem cells may provide a novel approach to develop these types of treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyin Zhou
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuo Zhang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guisheng Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chakravarthy H, Devanathan V. Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration: Potential Research Avenues and Therapeutic Targets. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:445-461. [PMID: 30293228 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a devastating complication of diabetes with a prevalence rate of 35%, and no effective treatment options. Since the most visible clinical features of DR are microvascular irregularities, therapeutic interventions often attempt to reduce microvascular injury, but only after permanent retinal damage has ensued. However, recent data suggests that diabetes initially affects retinal neurons, leading to neurodegeneration as an early occurrence in DR, before onset of the more noticeable vascular abnormalities. In this review, we delineate the sequence of initiating events leading to retinal degeneration in DR, considering neuronal dysfunction as a primary event. Key molecular mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated with retinal neuronal degeneration in diabetes are discussed. In addition to glial reactivity and inflammation in the diabetic retina, the contribution of neurotrophic factors, cell adhesion molecules, apoptosis markers, and G protein signaling to neurodegenerative pathways warrants further investigation. These studies could complement recent developments in innovative treatment strategies for diabetic retinopathy, such as targeting retinal neuroprotection, promoting neuronal regeneration, and attempts to re-program other retinal cell types into functional neurons. Indeed, several ongoing clinical trials are currently attempting treatment of retinal neurodegeneration by means of such novel therapeutic avenues. The aim of this article is to highlight the crucial role of neurodegeneration in early retinopathy progression, and to review the molecular basis of neuronal dysfunction as a first step toward developing early therapeutic interventions that can prevent permanent retinal damage in diabetes. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02471651, NCT01492400.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Chakravarthy
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Transit campus: C/o. Sree Rama Engineering College Campus, Karakambadi Road, Mangalam, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Vasudharani Devanathan
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Transit campus: C/o. Sree Rama Engineering College Campus, Karakambadi Road, Mangalam, Tirupati, 517507, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Duan Y, Beli E, Li Calzi S, Quigley JL, Miller RC, Moldovan L, Feng D, Salazar TE, Hazra S, Al-Sabah J, Chalam KV, Phuong Trinh TL, Meroueh M, Markel TA, Murray MC, Vyas RJ, Boulton ME, Parsons-Wingerter P, Oudit GY, Obukhov AG, Grant MB. Loss of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Exacerbates Diabetic Retinopathy by Promoting Bone Marrow Dysfunction. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1430-1440. [PMID: 29761600 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the primary enzyme of the vasoprotective axis of the renin angiotensin system (RAS). We tested the hypothesis that loss of ACE2 would exacerbate diabetic retinopathy by promoting bone marrow dysfunction. ACE2-/y were crossed with Akita mice, a model of type 1 diabetes. When comparing the bone marrow of the ACE2-/y -Akita mice to that of Akita mice, we observed a reduction of both short-term and long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells, a shift of hematopoiesis toward myelopoiesis, and an impairment of lineage- c-kit+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HS/PC) migration and proliferation. Migratory and proliferative dysfunction of these cells was corrected by exposure to angiotensin-1-7 (Ang-1-7), the protective peptide generated by ACE2. Over the duration of diabetes examined, ACE2 deficiency led to progressive reduction in electrical responses assessed by electroretinography and to increases in neural infarcts observed by fundus photography. Compared with Akita mice, ACE2-/y -Akita at 9-months of diabetes showed an increased number of acellular capillaries indicative of more severe diabetic retinopathy. In diabetic and control human subjects, CD34+ cells, a key bone marrow HS/PC population, were assessed for changes in mRNA levels for MAS, the receptor for Ang-1-7. Levels were highest in CD34+ cells from diabetics without retinopathy. Higher serum Ang-1-7 levels predicted protection from development of retinopathy in diabetics. Treatment with Ang-1-7 or alamandine restored the impaired migration function of CD34+ cells from subjects with retinopathy. These data support that activation of the protective RAS within HS/PCs may represents a therapeutic strategy for prevention of diabetic retinopathy. Stem Cells 2018;36:1430-1440.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Duan
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Judith L Quigley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Rehae C Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Leni Moldovan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Dongni Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Tatiana E Salazar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Sugata Hazra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Jude Al-Sabah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Kakarla V Chalam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Thao Le Phuong Trinh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Marya Meroueh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Troy A Markel
- Riley Hospital for Children, Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Matthew C Murray
- Space Life Sciences Research Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
| | - Ruchi J Vyas
- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, USA
| | - Michael E Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Alexander G Obukhov
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abboud FM, Singh MV. Autonomic regulation of the immune system in cardiovascular diseases. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2017; 41:578-593. [PMID: 29138216 PMCID: PMC6105770 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00061.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system is a powerful regulator of circulatory adjustments to acute hemodynamic stresses. Here we focus on new concepts that emphasize the chronic influence of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems on cardiovascular pathology. The autonomic neurohumoral system can dramatically influence morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease through newly discovered influences on the innate and adaptive immune systems. Specifically, the end-organ damage in heart failure or hypertension may be worsened or alleviated by pro- or anti-inflammatory pathways of the immune system, respectively, that are activated through neurohumoral transmitters. These concepts provide a major new perspective on potentially life-saving therapeutic interventions in the deadliest of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François M Abboud
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Madhu V Singh
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fadini GP, DiPersio JF. Diabetes mellitus as a poor mobilizer condition. Blood Rev 2017; 32:184-191. [PMID: 29132746 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation in an effective and curative therapy for numerous hematological malignancies. Mobilization of HSCs from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) followed by apheresis is the gold standard for obtaining HSCs for both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. After administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), up to 30% of patients fail to mobilize "optimal" numbers of HSCs required for engraftment. This review summarizes the current experimental and clinical evidence that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for poor mobilization. Diabetes causes a profound remodeling of the HSC niche, resulting in impaired release of HSCs. Experimental studies indicate that hyperglycemia hampers regulation of CXCL12 and clinical studies suggest that diabetes impairs HSC mobilization especially in response to G-CSF, but less to plerixafor. Understanding further the biochemical alterations in the diabetic BM will provide insights into future therapeutic strategies to reverse the so-called "diabetic stem cell mobilopathy".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - John F DiPersio
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bhatwadekar AD, Duan Y, Korah M, Thinschmidt JS, Hu P, Leley SP, Caballero S, Shaw L, Busik J, Grant MB. Hematopoietic stem/progenitor involvement in retinal microvascular repair during diabetes: Implications for bone marrow rejuvenation. Vision Res 2017; 139:211-220. [PMID: 29042190 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread nature of diabetes affects all organ systems of an individual including the bone marrow. Long-term damage to the cellular and extracellular components of the bone marrow leads to a rapid decline in the bone marrow-hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HS/PCs) compartment. This review will highlight the importance of bone marrow microenvironment in maintaining bone marrow HS/PC populations and the contribution of these key populations in microvascular repair during the natural history of diabetes. The autonomic nervous system can initiate and propagate bone marrow dysfunction in diabetes. Systemic pharmacological strategies designed to protect the bone marrow-HS/PC population from diabetes induced-oxidative stress and advanced glycation end product accumulation represent a new approach to target diabetic retinopathy progression. Protecting HS/PCs ensures their participation in vascular repair and reduces the risk of vasogdegeneration occurring in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashay D Bhatwadekar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Maria Korah
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sameer P Leley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lynn Shaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Julia Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Caballero S, Kent DL, Sengupta N, Li Calzi S, Shaw L, Beli E, Moldovan L, Dominguez JM, Moorthy RS, Grant MB. Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Recruitment to the Neurosensory Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Layer Following Subthreshold Retinal Phototherapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:5164-5176. [PMID: 29049716 PMCID: PMC5636205 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated whether subthreshold retinal phototherapy (SRPT) was associated with recruitment of bone marrow (BM)–derived cells to the neurosensory retina (NSR) and RPE layer. Methods GFP chimeric mice and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to SRPT using a slit-lamp infrared laser. Duty cycles of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (0.1 seconds, 250 mW, spot size 50 μm) with 30 applications were placed 50 to 100 μm from the optic disc. In adoptive transfer studies, GFP+ cells were given intravenously immediately after WT mice received SRPT. Immunohistochemistry was done for ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (IBA-1+), CD45, Griffonia simplicifolia lectin isolectin B4, GFP or cytokeratin). Expression of Ccl2, Il1b, Il6, Hspa1a, Hsp90aa1, Cryab, Hif1a, Cxcl12, and Cxcr4 mRNA and flow cytometry of the NSR and RPE-choroid were performed. Results Within 12 to 24 hours of SRPT, monocytes were detected in the NSR and RPE-choroid. Detection of reparative progenitors in the RPE occurred at 2 weeks using flow cytometry. Recruitment of GFP+ cells to the RPE layer occurred in a duty cycle–dependent manner in chimeric mice and in mice undergoing adoptive transfer. Hspa1a, Hsp90aa1, and Cryab mRNAs increased in the NSR at 2 hours post laser; Hif1a, Cxcl12, Hspa1a increased at 4 hours in the RPE-choroid; and Ccl2, Il1b, Ifng, and Il6 increased at 12 to 24 hours in the RPE-choroid. Conclusions SRPT induces monocyte recruitment to the RPE followed by hematopoietic progenitor cell homing at 2 weeks. Recruitment occurs in a duty cycle–dependent manner and potentially could contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of SRPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Caballero
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | | | - Nilanjana Sengupta
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Lynn Shaw
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Eleni Beli
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Leni Moldovan
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - James M Dominguez
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Ramana S Moorthy
- AVRUC, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Maria B Grant
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu P, Hunt NH, Arfuso F, Shaw LC, Uddin MN, Zhu M, Devasahayam R, Adamson SJ, Benson VL, Chan-Ling T, Grant MB. Increased Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Quinolinic Acid Expression in Microglia and Müller Cells of Diabetic Human and Rodent Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:5043-5055. [PMID: 28980000 PMCID: PMC5633007 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-21654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the relationship between inflammation, neuronal loss, and expression of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) in the retina of subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in the retina of rats with T1D. Methods Retinas from T1D (n = 7), T2D (n = 13), and 20 age-matched nondiabetic human donors and from T1D (n = 3) and control rats (n = 3) were examined using immunohistochemistry for IDO, QUIN, cluster of differentiation 39 (CD39), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba-1, for macrophages and microglia), Vimentin (VIM; for Müller cells), neuronal nuclei (NeuN; for neurons), and UEA1 lectin (for blood vessels). Results Based on morphologic criteria, CD39+/ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba-1+) resident microglia and CD39−/Iba-1+ bone marrow–derived macrophages were present at higher density in T1D (13% increase) and T2D (26% increase) human retinas when compared with controls. The density and brightness of IDO+ microglia were increased in both T1D and T2D human retinas. The intensity of QUIN+ expression on CD39+ microglia and VIM+ Müller cells was greatly increased in both human T1D and T2D retinas. T1D retinas showed a 63% loss of NeuN+ neurons and T2D retinas lost approximately 43% when compared with nondiabetic human retinas. Few QUIN+ microglia-like cells were seen in nondiabetic retinas, but the numbers increased 18-fold in T1D and 7-fold in T2D in the central retina. In T1D rat retinas, the density of IDO+ microglia increased 2.8-fold and brightness increased 2.1-fold when compared with controls. Conclusions Our findings suggest that IDO and QUIN expression in the retinas of diabetic rats and humans could contribute to the neuronal degeneration that is characteristic of diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Nicholas H Hunt
- Department of Pathology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Stem Cell & Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lynn C Shaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Mohammad Nasir Uddin
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meidong Zhu
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Raj Devasahayam
- Lions New South Wales Eye Bank, New South Wales Organ and Tissue Donation Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samuel J Adamson
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vicky L Benson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tailoi Chan-Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.,Univeristy of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hammer SS, Beli E, Kady N, Wang Q, Wood K, Lydic TA, Malek G, Saban DR, Wang XX, Hazra S, Levi M, Busik JV, Grant MB. The Mechanism of Diabetic Retinopathy Pathogenesis Unifying Key Lipid Regulators, Sirtuin 1 and Liver X Receptor. EBioMedicine 2017; 22:181-190. [PMID: 28774737 PMCID: PMC5552206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication secondary to diabetes and is the number one cause of blindness among working age individuals worldwide. Despite recent therapeutic breakthroughs using pharmacotherapy, a cure for DR has yet to be realized. Several clinical trials have highlighted the vital role dyslipidemia plays in the progression of DR. Additionally, it has recently been shown that activation of Liver X receptor (LXRα/LXRβ) prevents DR in diabetic animal models. LXRs are nuclear receptors that play key roles in regulating cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and inflammation. In this manuscript, we show insight into DR pathogenesis by demonstrating an innovative signaling axis that unifies key metabolic regulators, Sirtuin 1 and LXR, in modulating retinal cholesterol metabolism and inflammation in the diabetic retina. Expression of both regulators, Sirtuin 1 and LXR, are significantly decreased in diabetic human retinal samples and in a type 2 diabetic animal model. Additionally, activation of LXR restores reverse cholesterol transport, prevents inflammation, reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages activity and prevents the formation of diabetes-induced acellular capillaries. Taken together, the work presented in this manuscript highlights the important role lipid dysregulation plays in DR progression and offers a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DR. Diabetes affects retinal Liver X Receptor and Sirtuin 1 expression levels. Liver X Receptor normalized reverse cholesterol transport and prevented diabetes-induced inflammation in retinal cells. Liver X Receptor activation reduced the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages and prevented DR-like pathology.
Results of recent clinical trials demonstrate strong association between lipid abnormalities and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the sight-threatening secondary complication of diabetes. This study addresses the role of key metabolic lipid regulators, SIRT1 and LXR in the progression of DR. All the components of SIRT1-LXR axis were downregulated in retinal cells isolated from human donor tissue or a DR animal model. Activation of LXR normalized reverse cholesterol transport, prevented diabetes-induced inflammation, reduced the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages and prevented DR-like pathology, suggesting that control of SIRT1-LXR axis could be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Hammer
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Nermin Kady
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kiana Wood
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Goldis Malek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xiaoxin X Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sugata Hazra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Das A. Diabetic Retinopathy: Battling the Global Epidemic. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2016; 57:6669-6682. [PMID: 27936469 PMCID: PMC5152562 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-21031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Das
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Beli E, Dominguez JM, Hu P, Thinschmidt JS, Caballero S, Li Calzi S, Luo D, Shanmugam S, Salazar TE, Duan Y, Boulton ME, Mohr S, Abcouwer SF, Saban DR, Harrison JK, Grant MB. CX3CR1 deficiency accelerates the development of retinopathy in a rodent model of type 1 diabetes. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:1255-1265. [PMID: 27344677 PMCID: PMC5071129 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the role of CX3CR1 in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was investigated. The retinas of wild-type (WT), CX3CR1 null (CX3CR1gfp/gfp, KO), and heterozygous (CX3CR1+/gfp, Het) mice were compared in the presence and absence of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. CX3CR1 deficiency in STZ-KO increased vascular pathology at 4 months of diabetes, as a significant increase in acellular capillaries was observed only in the STZ-KO group. CX3CR1 deficiency and diabetes had similar effects on retinal neurodegeneration measured by an increase in DNA fragmentation. Retinal vascular pathology in STZ-KO mice was associated with increased numbers of monocyte-derived macrophages in the retina. Furthermore, compared to STZ-WT, STZ-KO mice exhibited increased numbers of inflammatory monocytes in the bone marrow and impaired homing of monocytes to the spleen. The induction of retinal IL-10 expression by diabetes was significantly less in KO mice, and when bone marrow-derived macrophages from KO mice were maintained in high glucose, they expressed significantly less IL-10 and more TNF-α in response to LPS stimulation. These findings support that CX3CR1 deficiency accelerates the development of vascular pathology in DR through increased recruitment of proinflammatory myeloid cells that demonstrate reduced expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10. KEY MESSAGES • CX3CR1 deletion in STZ-diabetic mice accelerated the onset of diabetic retinopathy (DR). • The early onset of DR was associated with increased retinal cell apoptosis. • The early onset of DR was associated with increased recruitment of bone marrow-derived macrophages to the retina. • Bone marrow-derived macrophages from CX3CR1 KO diabetic mice expressed more TNF-α and less IL-10. • The role of IL-10 in protection from progression of DR is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Beli
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - James M Dominguez
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Thinschmidt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Defang Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sumathi Shanmugam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tatiana E Salazar
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael E Boulton
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susanna Mohr
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lancing, MI, USA
| | - Steven F Abcouwer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey K Harrison
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
McArthur S, Loiola RA, Maggioli E, Errede M, Virgintino D, Solito E. The restorative role of annexin A1 at the blood-brain barrier. Fluids Barriers CNS 2016; 13:17. [PMID: 27655189 PMCID: PMC5031267 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-016-0043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A1 is a potent anti-inflammatory molecule that has been extensively studied in the peripheral immune system, but has not as yet been exploited as a therapeutic target/agent. In the last decade, we have undertaken the study of this molecule in the central nervous system (CNS), focusing particularly on the primary interface between the peripheral body and CNS: the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of this molecule in the brain, with a particular emphasis on its functions in the endothelium of the blood-brain barrier, and the protective actions the molecule may exert in neuroinflammatory, neurovascular and metabolic disease. We focus on the possible new therapeutic avenues opened up by an increased understanding of the role of annexin A1 in the CNS vasculature, and its potential for repairing blood-brain barrier damage in disease and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon McArthur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo Azevedo Loiola
- William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Elisa Maggioli
- William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Mariella Errede
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Bari University School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Virgintino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Bari University School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Egle Solito
- William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ahmari N, Schmidt JT, Krane GA, Malphurs W, Cunningham BE, Owen JL, Martyniuk CJ, Zubcevic J. Loss of bone marrow adrenergic beta 1 and 2 receptors modifies transcriptional networks, reduces circulating inflammatory factors, and regulates blood pressure. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:526-36. [PMID: 27235450 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00039.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent condition with complex etiology and pathophysiology. Evidence exists of significant communication between the nervous system and the immune system (IS), and there appears to be a direct role for inflammatory bone marrow (BM) cells in the pathophysiology of hypertension. However, the molecular and neural mechanisms underlying this interaction have not been characterized. Here, we transplanted whole BM cells from the beta 1 and 2 adrenergic receptor (AdrB1tm1BkkAdrB2tm1Bkk/J) knockout (KO) mice into near lethally irradiated C57BL/6J mice to generate a BM AdrB1.B2 KO chimera. This allowed us to evaluate the role of the BM beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors in mediating BM IS homeostasis and regulating blood pressure (BP) in an otherwise intact physiological setting. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting demonstrated that a decrease in systolic and mean BP in the AdrB1.B2 KO chimera is associated with a decrease in circulating inflammatory T cells, macrophage/monocytes, and neutrophils. Transcriptomics in the BM identified 7,419 differentially expressed transcripts between the C57 and AdrB1.B2 KO chimera. Pathway analysis revealed differentially expressed transcripts related to several cell processes in the BM of C57 compared with AdrB1.B2 KO chimera, including processes related to immunity (e.g., T-cell activation, T-cell recruitment, cytokine production, leukocyte migration and function), the cardiovascular system (e.g., blood vessel development, peripheral nerve blood flow), and the brain (e.g., central nervous system development, neurite development) among others. This study generates new insight into the molecular events that underlie the interaction between the sympathetic drive and IS in modulation of BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niousha Ahmari
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jordan T. Schmidt
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gregory A. Krane
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and
| | - Wendi Malphurs
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Bruce E. Cunningham
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jennifer L. Owen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christopher J. Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Diabetic Microvascular Complications: Friends or Foes? Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1803989. [PMID: 27313624 PMCID: PMC4903148 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1803989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being featured as metabolic disorder, diabetic patients are largely affected by hyperglycemia-induced vascular abnormality. Accumulated evidence has confirmed the beneficial effect of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in coronary heart disease. However, antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment is the main therapy for diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, indicating the uncertain role of EPCs in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease. In this review, we first illustrate how hyperglycemia induces metabolic and epigenetic changes in EPCs, which exerts deleterious impact on their number and function. We then discuss how abnormal angiogenesis develops in eyes and kidneys under diabetes condition, focusing on “VEGF uncoupling with nitric oxide” and “competitive angiopoietin 1/angiopoietin 2” mechanisms that are shared in both organs. Next, we dissect the nature of EPCs in diabetic microvascular complications. After we overview the current EPCs-related strategies, we point out new EPCs-associated options for future exploration. Ultimately, we hope that this review would uncover the mysterious nature of EPCs in diabetic microvascular disease for therapeutics.
Collapse
|
36
|
Dominguez JM, Hu P, Caballero S, Moldovan L, Verma A, Oudit GY, Li Q, Grant MB. Adeno-Associated Virus Overexpression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Reverses Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:1688-700. [PMID: 27178803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 is the primary enzyme of the vasoprotective axis of the renin angiotensin system that regulates the classic renin angiotensin system axis. We aimed to determine whether local retinal overexpression of adenoassociated virus (AAV)-ACE2 prevents or reverses diabetic retinopathy. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-chimeric mice were generated to distinguish resident (retinal) from infiltrating bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells and were made diabetic using streptozotocin injections. Retinal digestion using trypsin was performed and acellular capillaries enumerated. Capillary occlusion by GFP(+) cells was used to measure leukostasis. Overexpression of ACE2 prevented (prevention cohort: untreated diabetic, 11.3 ± 1.4; ACE2 diabetic, 6.4 ± 0.9 per mm(2)) and partially reversed (reversal cohort: untreated diabetic, 15.7 ± 1.9; ACE2 diabetic, 6.5 ± 1.2 per mm(2)) the diabetes-associated increase of acellular capillaries and the increase of infiltrating inflammatory cells into the retina (F4/80(+)) (prevention cohort: untreated diabetic, 24.2 ± 6.7; ACE2 diabetic, 2.5 ± 1.6 per mm(2); reversal cohort: untreated diabetic, 56.8 ± 5.2; ACE2 diabetic, 5.6 ± 2.3 per mm(2)). In both study cohorts, intracapillary bone marrow-derived cells, indicative of leukostasis, were only observed in diabetic animals receiving control AAV injections. These results indicate that diabetic retinopathy, and possibly other diabetic microvascular complications, can be prevented and reversed by locally restoring the balance between the classic and vasoprotective renin angiotensin system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Dominguez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Leni Moldovan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amrisha Verma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Thinschmidt JS, Colon-Perez LM, Febo M, Caballero S, King MA, White FA, Grant MB. Depressed basal hypothalamic neuronal activity in type-1 diabetic mice is correlated with proinflammatory secretion of HMBG1. Neurosci Lett 2016; 615:21-7. [PMID: 26777426 PMCID: PMC5399679 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We recently found indicators of hypothalamic inflammation and neurodegeneration linked to the loss of neuroprotective factors including insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-2 (IGFBP-3) in mice made diabetic using streptozotocin (STZ). In the current work, a genetic model of type-1 diabetes (Ins2(Akita) mouse) was used to evaluate changes in neuronal activity and concomitant changes in the proinflammatory mediator high-mobility group box-1 (HMBG1). We found basal hypothalamic neuronal activity as indicated by manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) was significantly decreased in 8 months old, but not 2 months old Ins2(Akita) diabetic mice compared to controls. In tissue from the same animals we evaluated the expression of HMBG1 using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. We found decreased HMBG1 nuclear localization in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in 8 months old, but not 2 months old diabetic animals indicating nuclear release of the protein consistent with an inflammatory state. Adjacent thalamic regions showed little change in HMBG1 nuclear localization and neuronal activity as a result of diabetes. This work extends our previous findings demonstrating changes consistent with hypothalamic neuroinflammation in STZ treated animals, and shows active inflammatory processes are correlated with changes in basal hypothalamic neuronal activity in Ins2(Akita) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Thinschmidt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael A King
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fletcher A White
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rashidi A, DiPersio JF. Targeting the leukemia-stroma interaction in acute myeloid leukemia: rationale and latest evidence. Ther Adv Hematol 2016; 7:40-51. [PMID: 26834953 DOI: 10.1177/2040620715619307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of 'niche' has become a focus of attention in hematologic malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Similar to normal hematopoietic stem cells, AML cells interact both anatomically and functionally with the stroma within the marrow microenvironment. These interactions have a critical role in the development, progression, and relapse of AML. Chemotherapy resistance is another feature that is at least partially related to AML-stroma interactions. The evidence for safety and efficacy of agents targeting AML-niche interactions is currently limited to preclinical and early phase clinical studies. Examples include CXCR4 inhibitors, hypoxia-inducible agents, and adhesion molecule inhibitors. Agents that target AML-stroma interactions differ from mutation-specific approaches that tend to be limited due to within-individual and between-individual genetic heterogeneity. These agents may be used alone or as chemosensitizers in AML. This novel and rapidly advancing strategy is likely to become an important part of our armamentarium of anti-leukemia treatments in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armin Rashidi
- Section of BMT and Leukemia, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John F DiPersio
- Section of BMT and Leukemia, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chakravarthy H, Beli E, Navitskaya S, O’Reilly S, Wang Q, Kady N, Huang C, Grant MB, Busik JV. Imbalances in Mobilization and Activation of Pro-Inflammatory and Vascular Reparative Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146829. [PMID: 26760976 PMCID: PMC4711951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes, affecting 65% of patients after 10 years of the disease. Diabetic metabolic insult leads to chronic low-grade inflammation, retinal endothelial cell loss and inadequate vascular repair. This is partly due to bone marrow (BM) pathology leading to increased activity of BM-derived pro-inflammatory monocytes and impaired function of BM-derived reparative circulating angiogenic cells (CACs). We propose that diabetes has a significant long-term effect on the nature and proportion of BM-derived cells that circulate in the blood, localize to the retina and home back to their BM niche. Using a streptozotocin mouse model of diabetic retinopathy with GFP BM-transplantation, we have demonstrated that BM-derived circulating pro-inflammatory monocytes are increased in diabetes while reparative CACs are trapped in the BM and spleen, with impaired release into circulation. Diabetes also alters activation of splenocytes and BM-derived dendritic cells in response to LPS stimulation. A majority of the BM-derived GFP cells that migrate to the retina express microglial markers, while others express endothelial, pericyte and Müller cell markers. Diabetes significantly increases infiltration of BM-derived microglia in an activated state, while reducing infiltration of BM-derived endothelial progenitor cells in the retina. Further, control CACs injected into the vitreous are very efficient at migrating back to their BM niche, whereas diabetic CACs have lost this ability, indicating that the in vivo homing efficiency of diabetic CACs is dramatically decreased. Moreover, diabetes causes a significant reduction in expression of specific integrins regulating CAC migration. Collectively, these findings indicate that BM pathology in diabetes could play a role in both increased pro-inflammatory state and inadequate vascular repair contributing to diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Chakravarthy
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Svetlana Navitskaya
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sandra O’Reilly
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nermin Kady
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Julia V. Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chakravarthy H, Navitskaya S, O'Reilly S, Gallimore J, Mize H, Beli E, Wang Q, Kady N, Huang C, Blanchard GJ, Grant MB, Busik JV. Role of Acid Sphingomyelinase in Shifting the Balance Between Proinflammatory and Reparative Bone Marrow Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy. Stem Cells 2016; 34:972-83. [PMID: 26676316 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic insults associated with diabetes lead to low-grade chronic inflammation, retinal endothelial cell damage, and inadequate vascular repair. This is partly due to the increased activation of bone marrow (BM)-derived proinflammatory monocytes infiltrating the retina, and the compromised function of BM-derived reparative circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), which home to sites of endothelial injury and foster vascular repair. We now propose that a metabolic link leading to activated monocytes and dysfunctional CACs in diabetes involves upregulation of a central enzyme of sphingolipid signaling, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). Selective inhibition of ASM in the BM prevented diabetes-induced activation of BM-derived microglia-like cells and normalized proinflammatory cytokine levels in the retina. ASM upregulation in diabetic CACs caused accumulation of ceramide on their cell membrane, thereby reducing membrane fluidity and impairing CAC migration. Replacing sphingomyelin with ceramide in synthetic membrane vesicles caused a similar decrease in membrane fluidity. Inhibition of ASM in diabetic CACs improved membrane fluidity and homing of these cells to damaged retinal vessels. Collectively, these findings indicate that selective modulation of sphingolipid metabolism in BM-derived cell populations in diabetes normalizes the reparative/proinflammatory cell balance and can be explored as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana Navitskaya
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sandra O'Reilly
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacob Gallimore
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Hannah Mize
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Nermin Kady
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gary J Blanchard
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis are recently discovered mechanisms that may contribute to obesity pathogenesis. Current research in this area suggests that investigation of these central nervous system responses may provide opportunities to develop new weight loss treatments. RECENT FINDINGS In rodents, hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis occur rapidly with high-fat diet consumption prior to significant weight gain. In addition, sensitivity or resistance to diet-induced obesity in rodents generally correlates with the presence or absence of hypothalamic inflammation and reactive gliosis (brain response to injury). Moreover, functional interventions that increase or decrease inflammation in neurons and glia correspondingly alter diet-associated weight gain. However, some conflicting data have recently emerged that question the contribution of hypothalamic inflammation to obesity pathogenesis. Nevertheless, several studies have detected gliosis and disrupted connectivity in obese humans, highlighting the potential translational importance of this mechanism. SUMMARY There is growing evidence that obesity is associated with brain inflammation in humans, particularly in the hypothalamus where its presence may disrupt body weight control and glucose homeostasis. More work is needed to determine whether this response is common in human obesity and to what extent it can be manipulated for therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio D Dorfman
- Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- Marc S Penn
- From the Department of Cardiology, Summa Cardiovascular Institute, Summa Health, Akron, OH.
| | - Deephak Swaminath
- From the Department of Cardiology, Summa Cardiovascular Institute, Summa Health, Akron, OH
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Santisteban MM, Ahmari N, Carvajal JM, Zingler MB, Qi Y, Kim S, Joseph J, Garcia-Pereira F, Johnson RD, Shenoy V, Raizada MK, Zubcevic J. Involvement of bone marrow cells and neuroinflammation in hypertension. Circ Res 2015; 117:178-91. [PMID: 25963715 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.305853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Microglial activation in autonomic brain regions is a hallmark of neuroinflammation in neurogenic hypertension. Despite evidence that an impaired sympathetic nerve activity supplying the bone marrow (BM) increases inflammatory cells and decreases angiogenic cells, little is known about the reciprocal impact of BM-derived inflammatory cells on neuroinflammation in hypertension. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that proinflammatory BM cells from hypertensive animals contribute to neuroinflammation and hypertension via a brain-BM interaction. METHODS AND RESULTS After BM ablation in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and reconstitution with normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat BM, the resultant chimeric spontaneously hypertensive rats displayed significant reduction in mean arterial pressure associated with attenuation of both central and peripheral inflammation. In contrast, an elevated mean arterial pressure along with increased central and peripheral inflammation was observed in chimeric Wistar-Kyoto rats reconstituted with spontaneously hypertensive rat BM. Oral treatment with minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation, attenuated hypertension in both the spontaneously hypertensive rats and the chronic angiotensin II-infused rats. This was accompanied by decreased sympathetic drive and inflammation. Furthermore, in chronic angiotensin II-infused rats, minocycline prevented extravasation of BM-derived cells to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, presumably via a mechanism of decreased C-C chemokine ligand 2 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. CONCLUSIONS The BM contributes to hypertension by increasing peripheral inflammatory cells and their extravasation into the brain. Minocycline is an effective therapy to modify neurogenic components of hypertension. These observations support the hypothesis that BM-derived cells are involved in neuroinflammation, and targeting them may be an innovative strategy for neurogenic resistant hypertension therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Santisteban
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Niousha Ahmari
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Jessica Marulanda Carvajal
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Michael B Zingler
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Yanfei Qi
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Seungbum Kim
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Jessica Joseph
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Fernando Garcia-Pereira
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Richard D Johnson
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Vinayak Shenoy
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Mohan K Raizada
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville.
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- From the Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine (M.M.S., J.M.C., M.B.Z., S.K., J.J., M.K.R.), Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., F.G.-P., R.D.J., J.Z.), Cardiology, College of Medicine (Y.Q.), and Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy (V.S.), University of Florida, Gainesville.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hu P, Thinschmidt JS, Caballero S, Adamson S, Cole L, Chan-Ling T, Grant MB. Loss of survival factors and activation of inflammatory cascades in brain sympathetic centers in type 1 diabetic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 308:E688-98. [PMID: 25714673 PMCID: PMC4398829 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00504.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration have been observed in the brain in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, little is known about the mediators of these effects. In T1D mice with 12- and 35-wk duration of diabetes we examined two mechanisms of neurodegeneration, loss of the neuroprotective factors insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and changes in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in the brain, and compared the response to age-matched controls. Furthermore, levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) were utilized to assess inflammatory changes in astrocytes, microglia, and blood vessels. In the diabetic hypothalamus (HYPO), we observed 20% reduction in neuronal soma diameter (P<0.05) and reduced neuronal expression of IGFBP-3 (-32%, P<0.05) and IGF-I (-15%, P<0.05) compared with controls at 35 wk. In diabetic HYPO, MMP-2 expression was increased in astrocytes (46%, P<0.01), and IDO⁺ cell density rose by (62%, P<0.05). CD39 expression dropped by 30% (P<0.05) in microglia and blood vessels. With 10 wk of systemic treatment using minocycline, an anti-inflammatory agent that crosses the blood-brain barrier, MMP-2, IDO, and CD39 levels normalized (P<0.05). Our results suggest that increased IDO and early loss of CD39⁺ protective cells lead to activation of inflammation in sympathetic centers of the CNS. As a downstream effect, the loss of the neuronal survival factors IGFBP-3 and IGF-I and the neurotoxic products of the kynurenine pathway contribute to the loss of neuronal density observed in the HYPO in T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffrey S Thinschmidt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sergio Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Samuel Adamson
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Cole
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; and
| | - Tailoi Chan-Ling
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yang T, Santisteban MM, Rodriguez V, Li E, Ahmari N, Carvajal JM, Zadeh M, Gong M, Qi Y, Zubcevic J, Sahay B, Pepine CJ, Raizada MK, Mohamadzadeh M. Gut dysbiosis is linked to hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 65:1331-40. [PMID: 25870193 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 969] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota is critical in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that dysbiosis in gut microbiota is associated with hypertension because genetic, environmental, and dietary factors profoundly influence both gut microbiota and blood pressure. Bacterial DNA from fecal samples of 2 rat models of hypertension and a small cohort of patients was used for bacterial genomic analysis. We observed a significant decrease in microbial richness, diversity, and evenness in the spontaneously hypertensive rat, in addition to an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. These changes were accompanied by decreases in acetate- and butyrate-producing bacteria. In addition, the microbiota of a small cohort of human hypertensive patients was found to follow a similar dysbiotic pattern, as it was less rich and diverse than that of control subjects. Similar changes in gut microbiota were observed in the chronic angiotensin II infusion rat model, most notably decreased microbial richness and an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. In this model, we evaluated the efficacy of oral minocycline in restoring gut microbiota. In addition to attenuating high blood pressure, minocycline was able to rebalance the dysbiotic hypertension gut microbiota by reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. These observations demonstrate that high blood pressure is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis, both in animal and human hypertension. They suggest that dietary intervention to correct gut microbiota could be an innovative nutritional therapeutic strategy for hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Monica M Santisteban
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Vermali Rodriguez
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Eric Li
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Niousha Ahmari
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Jessica Marulanda Carvajal
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Minghao Gong
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Yanfei Qi
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Bikash Sahay
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Carl J Pepine
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Mohan K Raizada
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville.
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- From the Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Division of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (T.Y., M.Z., M.G., B.S., M.M.), Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics (M.M.S., V.R., J.M.C., M.K.R.), College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (V.R., Y.Q., C.J.P.), Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine (E.L.), and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (N.A., J.Z.), University of Florida, Gainesville.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dominguez JM, Yorek MA, Grant MB. Combination therapies prevent the neuropathic, proinflammatory characteristics of bone marrow in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 2015; 64:643-53. [PMID: 25204979 PMCID: PMC4876792 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that peripheral neuropathy of the bone marrow was associated with loss of circadian rhythmicity of stem/progenitor cell release into the circulation. Bone marrow neuropathy results in dramatic changes in hematopoiesis that lead to microvascular complications, inflammation, and reduced endothelial repair. This series of events represents early pathogenesis before development of diabetic retinopathy. In this study we characterized early alterations within the bone marrow of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats following treatments that prevent experimental peripheral neuropathy. We asked whether bone marrow neuropathy and the associated bone marrow pathology were reversed with treatments that prevent peripheral neuropathy. Three strategies were tested: inhibition of neutral endopeptidase, inhibition of aldose reductase plus lipoic acid supplementation, and insulin therapy with antioxidants. All strategies prevented loss of nerve conduction velocity resulting from STZ-induced diabetes and corrected the STZ-induced diabetes-associated increase of immunoreactivity of neuropeptide Y, tyrosine hydroxylase, and somatostatin. The treatments also reduced concentrations of interleukin-1β, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 in STZ-induced diabetic bone marrow supernatant and decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase 2, nitric oxide synthase 2, and nuclear factor-κB1 mRNA in bone marrow progenitor cells. These therapies represent novel approaches to attenuate the diabetic phenotype within the bone marrow and may constitute an important therapeutic strategy for diabetic microvascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Dominguez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Mark A Yorek
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Preclinical and clinical evidence for stem cell therapies as treatment for diabetic wounds. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:703-17. [PMID: 25603421 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds remain a global unsolved problem and the cost of diabetes-related amputations and diabetic wound treatment is approximately US$3 billion and US$9 billion per year, respectively. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) occur in 15% of all patients with diabetes and precede 84% of all diabetes-related lower leg amputations. Currently, there is no satisfying treatment for these hard-to-heal-wounds. However, as we discuss here, experimental preclinical evidence for the successful use of adult stem cell therapies for diabetic wounds gives new hope for the development of effective treatments for use in the clinic.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell function is of critical importance in the regulation of fuel homoeostasis, and metabolic dysregulation is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM). The β-cell is an intricately designed cell type that couples metabolism of dietary sources of carbohydrates, amino acids and lipids to insulin secretory mechanisms, such that insulin release occurs at appropriate times to ensure efficient nutrient uptake and storage by target tissues. However, chronic exposure to high nutrient concentrations results in altered metabolism that impacts negatively on insulin exocytosis, insulin action and may ultimately lead to development of DM. Reduced action of insulin in target tissues is associated with impairment of insulin signalling and contributes to insulin resistance (IR), a condition often associated with obesity and a major risk factor for DM. The altered metabolism of nutrients by insulin-sensitive target tissues (muscle, adipose tissue and liver) can result in high circulating levels of glucose and various lipids, which further impact on pancreatic β-cell function, IR and progression of the metabolic syndrome. Here, we have considered the role played by the major nutrient groups, carbohydrates, amino acids and lipids, in mediating β-cell insulin secretion, while also exploring the interplay between amino acids and insulin action in muscle. We also focus on the effects of altered lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and liver resulting from activation of inflammatory processes commonly observed in DM pathophysiology. The aim of this review is to describe commonalities and differences in metabolism related to insulin secretion and action, pertinent to the development of DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Newsholme
- School of Biomedical SciencesCHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vinicius Cruzat
- School of Biomedical SciencesCHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- School of Biomedical SciencesCHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Keane
- School of Biomedical SciencesCHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zubcevic J, Santisteban MM, Pitts T, Baekey DM, Perez PD, Bolser DC, Febo M, Raizada MK. Functional neural-bone marrow pathways: implications in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension 2014; 63:e129-39. [PMID: 24688127 PMCID: PMC4295780 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Monica M. Santisteban
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Teresa Pitts
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - David M. Baekey
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Pablo D. Perez
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Donald C. Bolser
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| | - Mohan K. Raizada
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32610
| |
Collapse
|