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Ramakrishna S, Radhakrishna BK, Kaladiyil AP, Shah NM, Basavaraju N, Freude KK, Kommaddi RP, Muddashetty RS. Distinct calcium sources regulate temporal profiles of NMDAR and mGluR-mediated protein synthesis. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402594. [PMID: 38749544 PMCID: PMC11096670 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is integral for neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. We demonstrate that the calcium response generated by different sources modulates neuronal activity-mediated protein synthesis, another process essential for synaptic plasticity. Stimulation of NMDARs generates a protein synthesis response involving three phases-increased translation inhibition, followed by a decrease in translation inhibition, and increased translation activation. We show that these phases are linked to NMDAR-mediated calcium response. Calcium influx through NMDARs elicits increased translation inhibition, which is necessary for the successive phases. Calcium through L-VGCCs acts as a switch from translation inhibition to the activation phase. NMDAR-mediated translation activation requires the contribution of L-VGCCs, RyRs, and SOCE. Furthermore, we show that IP3-mediated calcium release and SOCE are essential for mGluR-mediated translation up-regulation. Finally, we signify the relevance of our findings in the context of Alzheimer's disease. Using neurons derived from human fAD iPSCs and transgenic AD mice, we demonstrate the dysregulation of NMDAR-mediated calcium and translation response. Our study highlights the complex interplay between calcium signaling and protein synthesis, and its implications in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarayu Ramakrishna
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Bindushree K Radhakrishna
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ahamed P Kaladiyil
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Nisa Manzoor Shah
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nimisha Basavaraju
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kristine K Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Reddy Peera Kommaddi
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ravi S Muddashetty
- https://ror.org/04dese585 Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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2
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Camera F, Colantoni E, Garcia-Sanchez T, Benassi B, Consales C, Muscat A, Vallet L, Mir LM, Andre F, Merla C. In Vitro Imaging and Molecular Characterization of Ca 2+ Flux Modulation by Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15616. [PMID: 37958601 PMCID: PMC10647260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of pulsed electric fields with very short durations (nanoseconds) and extremely high amplitudes (MV/m) has been investigated for novel medical purposes. Various electric protocols have been explored for different objectives, including the utilization of fractionated pulse doses to enhance cell electrosensitization to the uptake of different markers or an increase in apoptosis. This study focused on the use of fluorescence imaging to examine molecular calcium fluxes induced by different fractionated protocols of short electric pulses in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and mesenchymal stem cells (HaMSCs) that were electroporated using nanosecond pulsed electric fields. In our experimental setup, we did not observe cell electrosensitization in terms of an increase in calcium flux following the administration of fractionated doses of nanosecond pulsed electric fields with respect to the non-fractionated dose. However, we observed the targeted activation of calcium-dependent genes (c-FOS, c-JUN, EGR1, NURR-1, β3-TUBULIN) based on the duration of calcium flux, independent of the instantaneous levels achieved but solely dependent on the final plateau reached. This level of control may have potential applications in various medical and biological treatments that rely on calcium and the delivery of nanosecond pulsed electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Camera
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Eleonora Colantoni
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Tomas Garcia-Sanchez
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Pompeu Fabra University, 08002 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Barbara Benassi
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Claudia Consales
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Adeline Muscat
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Leslie Vallet
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Luis M. Mir
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Franck Andre
- CNRS, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of the Oncogenesis, (METSY), Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France; (A.M.); (L.V.); (L.M.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Merla
- Division of Health Protection Technologies, Italian National Agency for Energy, New Technologies and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), 00123 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (E.C.); (B.B.); (C.C.)
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3
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He J, Xu J, Chang Z, Yan J, Zhang L, Qin Y. NALCN is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human cancers. Front Genet 2023; 14:1164707. [PMID: 37152978 PMCID: PMC10154523 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1164707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sodium leak channel non-selective (NALCN), known as a voltage-independent Na+ channel, is increasingly considered to play vital roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis of human cancers. However, no comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of NALCN has been conducted. Our study aims to explore the potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value of NALCN in human cancers. Methods: Through comprehensive application of datasets from Human Protein Atlas (HPA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Enhanced Version of Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0), Tumor and Immune System Interaction Database (TISIDB), The University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Gene/Proteins (STRING) databases, we explored the potential roles of NALCN in different cancers. The differential expression, prognostic implications, pathological stages and grades, molecular and immune subtypes, diagnostic accuracy, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair (MMR) genes, immune checkpoint genes, chemokine genes, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-related genes, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), promoter methylation, mutations, copy number alteration (CNA), and functional enrichment related to NALCN were analyzed. Results: Most cancers lowly expressed NALCN. Upregulated NALCN expression was associated with poor or better prognosis in different cancers. Moreover, NALCN was correlated with clinicopathological features in multiple cancers. NALCN showed high diagnostic accuracy in 5 caner types. NALCN is highly linked with immune-related biomarkers, immune-related genes and TIICs. Significant methylation changes and genetic alteration of NALCN can be observed in many cancers. Enrichment analysis showed that NALCN is closely related to multiple tumor-related signaling pathways. Conclusion: Our study revealed the vital involvement of NALCN in cancer. NALCN can be used as a prognostic biomarker for immune infiltration and clinical outcomes, and has potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaqin Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanru Qin,
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4
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Rahrmann EP, Shorthouse D, Jassim A, Hu LP, Ortiz M, Mahler-Araujo B, Vogel P, Paez-Ribes M, Fatemi A, Hannon GJ, Iyer R, Blundon JA, Lourenço FC, Kay J, Nazarian RM, Hall BA, Zakharenko SS, Winton DJ, Zhu L, Gilbertson RJ. The NALCN channel regulates metastasis and nonmalignant cell dissemination. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1827-1838. [PMID: 36175792 PMCID: PMC9729110 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We identify the sodium leak channel non-selective protein (NALCN) as a key regulator of cancer metastasis and nonmalignant cell dissemination. Among 10,022 human cancers, NALCN loss-of-function mutations were enriched in gastric and colorectal cancers. Deletion of Nalcn from gastric, intestinal or pancreatic adenocarcinomas in mice did not alter tumor incidence, but markedly increased the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and metastases. Treatment of these mice with gadolinium-a NALCN channel blocker-similarly increased CTCs and metastases. Deletion of Nalcn from mice that lacked oncogenic mutations and never developed cancer caused shedding of epithelial cells into the blood at levels equivalent to those seen in tumor-bearing animals. These cells trafficked to distant organs to form normal structures including lung epithelium, and kidney glomeruli and tubules. Thus, NALCN regulates cell shedding from solid tissues independent of cancer, divorcing this process from tumorigenesis and unmasking a potential new target for antimetastatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Rahrmann
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Shorthouse
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amir Jassim
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Linda P Hu
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariaestela Ortiz
- Molecular Pharmacology Lab, Organoid Models Research and Biology, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Betania Mahler-Araujo
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Histopathology Core, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Vogel
- Veterinary Pathology Core Laboratory, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marta Paez-Ribes
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Atefeh Fatemi
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gregory J Hannon
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Radhika Iyer
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jay A Blundon
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Filipe C Lourenço
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Kay
- Departments of Medicine and of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rosalynn M Nazarian
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Pathology Service, Dermatopathology Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Hall
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stanislav S Zakharenko
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Douglas J Winton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liqin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Richard J Gilbertson
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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5
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Aguiar F, Rhana P, Bloise E, Rodrigues ALP, Ferreira E. L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels expression involved in pre-neoplastic transformation of breast cancer. SURGICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42047-022-00117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Intracellular Ca2+ levels can modulate several cellular functions, including proliferation and other processes found altered in neoplastic cells. Helping to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis, L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels had its expression identified in neoplasias, including breast cancer. Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, the most common classification of breast cancer, has ductal hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ as its possible non-obligate precursors. This channel’s role in breast cancer development from these precursors has not been investigated. Evaluate protein expression and subcellular localization of CaV1.1, CaV1.2, and CaV1.3 in mammary epithelium without alteration and neoplastic and non-neoplastic ductal proliferative lesions through immunohistochemistry was the aim of this investigation.
Methods
In the present study, CaV1.1, CaV1.2, and CaV1.3 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in breast without alteration and in proliferative non-neoplastic and neoplastic ductal epithelial lesions of the human breast.
Results
It was observed that CaV1.3 presented a reduction in nuclear expression at neoplastic lesions, in addition to an increase in cytoplasmic CaV1.1 expression. The analyses of membrane immunostaining showed that CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 had an increase of expression as the lesions progressed in the stages leading to invasive carcinomas.
Conclusions
Changes in protein expression and subcellular localization of these channels during the progression stages indicate that they may be involved in neoplastic transformation.
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6
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Electromagnetic Fields Change the Expression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) and Cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) Genes in Adenocarcinoma Gastric (AGS) Cell Line. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-117270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers in the world. Environmental factors including chemicals, sunlight, and electromagnetic fields can induce changes in gene expression. Though the resizing mechanism of its effect has not been fully recognized, free radicals are seen as the possible mechanism involved. Although low-frequency electromagnetic fields are not considered a carcinogenic factor, some studies have shown disruption in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and gene expression in different cell categories. Objectives: This study was intendant to examine the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic flux densities of 0.2 and 2 mT on the expression of cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) genes in adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cell lines. Methods: The AGS cell line was cultured in Hamas12 and was exposed to electromagnetic fields continuously and discontinuously for 18 hours. Moreover, Cell viability was assessed by the MTT (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)) assay. The change in the expression of genes was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Low-frequency electromagnetic fields increased gene expression compared to the control group. The changes in the expression are directly associated with the electromagnetic field strength. Expression levels of CTSL2 were increased under the exposure of electromagnetic fields and this increase was significant when discontinuous exposure was applied (33.26 ± 7.4 fold change for 0.2mT and 64.4 ± 7.7 for 2mT, p- value
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7
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Vergnol A, Traoré M, Pietri-Rouxel F, Falcone S. New Insights in CaVβ Subunits: Role in the Regulation of Gene Expression and Cellular Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:880441. [PMID: 35465309 PMCID: PMC9019481 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.880441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated calcium channels (CaVs or VGCCs) are fundamental regulators of intracellular calcium homeostasis. When electrical activity induces their activation, the influx of calcium that they mediate or their interaction with intracellular players leads to changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels which regulate many processes such as contraction, secretion and gene expression, depending on the cell type. The essential component of the pore channel is the CaVα1 subunit. However, the fine-tuning of Ca2+-dependent signals is guaranteed by the modulatory role of the auxiliary subunits β, α2δ, and γ of the CaVs. In particular, four different CaVβ proteins (CaVβ1, CaVβ2, CaVβ3, and CaVβ4) are encoded by four different genes in mammalians, each of them displaying several splice variants. Some of these isoforms have been described in regulating CaVα1 docking and stability at the membrane and controlling the channel complex’s conformational changes. In addition, emerging evidences have highlighted other properties of the CaVβ subunits, independently of α1 and non-correlated to its channel or voltage sensing functions. This review summarizes the recent findings reporting novel roles of the auxiliary CaVβ subunits and in particular their direct or indirect implication in regulating gene expression in different cellular contexts.
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8
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The Calcium Channel Subunit Gamma-4 as a Novel Regulator of MafA in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Controls Glucose Homeostasis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040770. [PMID: 35453520 PMCID: PMC9030882 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are high-risk factors of diabetes development and may be caused by defective insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is mediated by voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels in which the gamma-4 subunit (CaVγ4) is required for the beta-cell to maintain its differentiated state. We here aim to explore the involvement of CaVγ4 in controlling glucose homeostasis by employing the CaVγ4−/− mice to study in vivo glucose-metabolism-related phenotypes and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. We show that CaVγ4−/− mice exhibit perturbed glucose homeostasis, including IFG and IGT. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is blunted in CaVγ4−/− mouse islets. Remarkably, CaVγ4 deletion results in reduced expression of the transcription factor essential for beta-cell maturation, MafA, on both mRNA and protein levels in islets from human donors and CaVγ4−/− mice, as well as in INS-1 832/13 cells. Moreover, we prove that CaMKII is responsible for mediating this regulatory pathway linked between CaVγ4 and MafA, which is further confirmed by human islet RNA-seq data. We demonstrate that CaVγ4 is a key player in preserving normal blood glucose homeostasis, which sheds light on CaVγ4 as a novel target for the treatment of prediabetes through correcting the impaired metabolic status.
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9
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Gaffke L, Szczudło Z, Podlacha M, Cyske Z, Rintz E, Mantej J, Krzelowska K, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Impaired ion homeostasis as a possible associate factor in mucopolysaccharidosis pathogenesis: transcriptomic, cellular and animal studies. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:299-310. [PMID: 34928474 PMCID: PMC8784502 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of diseases caused by mutations resulting in deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes which lead to the accumulation of partially undegraded glycosaminoglycans (GAG). This phenomenon causes severe and chronic disturbances in the functioning of the organism, and leads to premature death. The metabolic defects affect also functions of the brain in most MPS types (except types IV, VI, and IX). The variety of symptoms, as well as the ineffectiveness of GAG-lowering therapies, question the early theory that GAG storage is the only cause of these diseases. As disorders of ion homeostasis increasingly turn out to be co-causes of the pathogenesis of various human diseases, the aim of this work was to determine the perturbations related to the maintenance of the ion balance at both the transcriptome and cellular levels in MPS. Transcriptomic studies, performed with fibroblasts derived from patients with all types/subtypes of MPS, showed extensive changes in the expression of genes involved in processes related to ion binding, transport and homeostasis. Detailed analysis of these data indicated specific changes in the expression of genes coding for proteins participating in the metabolism of Ca2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+. The results of tests carried out with the mouse MPS I model (Idua-/-) showed reductions in concentrations of these 3 ions in the liver and spleen. The results of these studies indicate for the first time ionic concentration disorders as possible factors influencing the course of MPS and show them as hypothetical, additional therapeutic targets for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Szczudło
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jagoda Mantej
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Krzelowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland.
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10
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Heck J, Palmeira Do Amaral AC, Weißbach S, El Khallouqi A, Bikbaev A, Heine M. More than a pore: How voltage-gated calcium channels act on different levels of neuronal communication regulation. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:322-338. [PMID: 34107849 PMCID: PMC8205089 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) represent key regulators of the calcium influx through the plasma membrane of excitable cells, like neurons. Activated by the depolarization of the membrane, the opening of VGCCs induces very transient and local changes in the intracellular calcium concentration, known as calcium nanodomains, that in turn trigger calcium-dependent signaling cascades and the release of chemical neurotransmitters. Based on their central importance as concierges of excitation-secretion coupling and therefore neuronal communication, VGCCs have been studied in multiple aspects of neuronal function and malfunction. However, studies on molecular interaction partners and recent progress in omics technologies have extended the actual concept of these molecules. With this review, we want to illustrate some new perspectives of VGCCs reaching beyond their function as calcium-permeable pores in the plasma membrane. Therefore, we will discuss the relevance of VGCCs as voltage sensors in functional complexes with ryanodine receptors, channel-independent actions of auxiliary VGCC subunits, and provide an insight into how VGCCs even directly participate in gene regulation. Furthermore, we will illustrate how structural changes in the intracellular C-terminus of VGCCs generated by alternative splicing events might not only affect the biophysical channel characteristics but rather determine their molecular environment and downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Heck
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Carolina Palmeira Do Amaral
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Weißbach
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
- Computational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, Institute for Human Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Abderazzaq El Khallouqi
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arthur Bikbaev
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Heine
- Functional Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Institute for Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Mainz, Germany
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11
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Panda S, Chatterjee O, Roy L, Chatterjee S. Targeting Ca 2+ signaling: A new arsenal against cancer. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:923-934. [PMID: 34793973 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The drug resistance of cancer cells is a major concern in medical oncology, resulting in the failure of chemotherapy. Ca2+ plays a pivotal role in inducing multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Calcium signaling is a critical regulator of many cancer hallmarks, such as angiogenesis, invasiveness, and migration. In this review, we describe the involvement of Ca2+ signaling and associated proteins in cancer progression and in the development of multidrug resistance in cancer cells. We also highlight the possibilities and challenges of targeting the Ca2+ channels, transporters, and pumps involved in Ca2+ signaling in cancer cells through structure-based drug design. This work will open a new therapeutic window to be used against cancer in upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Panda
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Oishika Chatterjee
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Laboni Roy
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Subhrangsu Chatterjee
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, India.
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12
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Little HJ. L-Type Calcium Channel Blockers: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach to Drug Dependence. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:127-154. [PMID: 34663686 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes interactions between compounds, primarily dihydropyridines, that block L-type calcium channels and drugs that cause dependence, and the potential importance of these interactions. The main dependence-inducing drugs covered are alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids, and nicotine. In preclinical studies, L-type calcium channel blockers prevent or reduce important components of dependence on these drugs, particularly their reinforcing actions and the withdrawal syndromes. The channel blockers also reduce the development of tolerance and/or sensitization, and they have no intrinsic dependence liability. In some instances, their effects include reversal of brain changes established during drug dependence. Prolonged treatment with alcohol, opioids, psychostimulant drugs, or nicotine causes upregulation of dihydropyridine binding sites. Few clinical studies have been carried out so far, and reports are conflicting, although there is some evidence of effectiveness of L-channel blockers in opioid withdrawal. However, the doses of L-type channel blockers used clinically so far have necessarily been limited by potential cardiovascular problems and may not have provided sufficient central levels of the drugs to affect neuronal dihydropyridine binding sites. New L-type calcium channel blocking compounds are being developed with more selective actions on subtypes of L-channel. The preclinical evidence suggests that L-type calcium channels may play a crucial role in the development of dependence to different types of drugs. Mechanisms for this are proposed, including changes in the activity of mesolimbic dopamine neurons, genomic effects, and alterations in synaptic plasticity. Newly developed, more selective L-type calcium channel blockers could be of considerable value in the treatment of drug dependence. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Dependence on drugs is a very serious health problem with little effective treatment. Preclinical evidence shows drugs that block particular calcium channels, the L-type, reduce dependence-related effects of alcohol, opioids, psychostimulants, and nicotine. Clinical studies have been restricted by potential cardiovascular side effects, but new, more selective L-channel blockers are becoming available. L-channel blockers have no intrinsic dependence liability, and laboratory evidence suggests they reverse previously developed effects of dependence-inducing drugs. They could provide a novel approach to addiction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Little
- Section of Alcohol Research, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Meyer C, Kettner A, Hochenegg U, Rubi L, Hilber K, Koenig X, Boehm S, Hotka M, Kubista H. On the Origin of Paroxysmal Depolarization Shifts: The Contribution of Ca v1.x Channels as the Common Denominator of a Polymorphous Neuronal Discharge Pattern. Neuroscience 2021; 468:265-281. [PMID: 34015369 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery in the 1960s, the term paroxysmal depolarization shift (PDS) has been applied to a wide variety of reinforced neuronal discharge patterns. Occurrence of PDS as cellular correlates of electrographic spikes during latent phases of insult-induced rodent epilepsy models and their resemblance to giant depolarizing potentials (GDPs) nourished the idea that PDS may be involved in epileptogenesis. Both GDPs and - in analogy - PDS may lead to progressive changes of neuronal properties by generation of pulsatile intracellular Ca2+ elevations. Herein, a key element is the gating of L-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (LTCCs, Cav1.x family), which may convey Ca2+ signals to the nucleus. Accordingly, the present study investigates various insult-associated neuronal challenges for their propensities to trigger PDS in a LTCC-dependent manner. Our data demonstrate that diverse disturbances of neuronal function are variably suited to induce PDS-like events, and the contribution of LTCCs is essential to evoke PDS in rat hippocampal neurons that closely resemble GDPs. These PDS appear to be initiated in the dendritic sub-compartment. Their morphology critically depends on the position of recording electrodes and on their rate of occurrence. These results provide novel insight into induction mechanisms, origin, variability, and co-existence of PDS with other discharge patterns and thereby pave the way for future investigations regarding the role of PDS in epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Meyer
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Annika Kettner
- University of Applied Sciences (FH Campus Wien), Favoritenstrasse 226, 1100 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ulla Hochenegg
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Rubi
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefan Boehm
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matej Hotka
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Helmut Kubista
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and -pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 13a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Local miRNA-Dependent Translational Control of GABA AR Synthesis during Inhibitory Long-Term Potentiation. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107785. [PMID: 32579917 PMCID: PMC7486624 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying plasticity at brain inhibitory synapses remain poorly characterized. Increased postsynaptic clustering of GABAA receptors (GABAARs) rapidly strengthens inhibition during inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP). However, it is unclear how synaptic GABAAR clustering is maintained to sustain iLTP. Here, we identify a role for miR376c in regulating the translation of mRNAs encoding the synaptic α1 and γ2 GABAAR subunits, GABRA1 and GABRG2, respectively. Following iLTP induction, transcriptional repression of miR376c is induced through a calcineurin-NFAT-HDAC signaling pathway and promotes increased translation and clustering of synaptic GABAARs. This pathway is essential for the long-term expression of iLTP and is blocked by miR376c overexpression, specifically impairing inhibitory synaptic strength. Finally, we show that local de novo synthesis of synaptic GABAARs occurs exclusively in dendrites and in a miR376c-dependent manner following iLTP. Together, this work describes a local post-transcriptional mechanism that regulates inhibitory synaptic plasticity via miRNA control of dendritic protein synthesis. Clustering of GABAARs at inhibitory synapses is crucial for synaptic inhibition. Rajgor et al. discover that synaptic GABAAR expression is controlled by their local translation, regulated by miR376c. During inhibitory synaptic potentiation, miR376c is downregulated, relieving its translational repression of GABAAR mRNAs and leading to de novo synthesis of dendritic GABAARs.
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15
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Klejchova M, Silva-Alvim FAL, Blatt MR, Alvim JC. Membrane voltage as a dynamic platform for spatiotemporal signaling, physiological, and developmental regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1523-1541. [PMID: 33598675 PMCID: PMC8133626 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane voltage arises from the transport of ions through ion-translocating ATPases, ion-coupled transport of solutes, and ion channels, and is an integral part of the bioenergetic "currency" of the membrane. The dynamics of membrane voltage-so-called action, systemic, and variation potentials-have also led to a recognition of their contributions to signal transduction, both within cells and across tissues. Here, we review the origins of our understanding of membrane voltage and its place as a central element in regulating transport and signal transmission. We stress the importance of understanding voltage as a common intermediate that acts both as a driving force for transport-an electrical "substrate"-and as a product of charge flux across the membrane, thereby interconnecting all charge-carrying transport across the membrane. The voltage interconnection is vital to signaling via second messengers that rely on ion flux, including cytosolic free Ca2+, H+, and the synthesis of reactive oxygen species generated by integral membrane, respiratory burst oxidases. These characteristics inform on the ways in which long-distance voltage signals and voltage oscillations give rise to unique gene expression patterns and influence physiological, developmental, and adaptive responses such as systemic acquired resistance to pathogens and to insect herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Klejchova
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Fernanda A L Silva-Alvim
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Author for communication:
| | - Jonas Chaves Alvim
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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16
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Novel Therapeutic Approaches of Ion Channels and Transporters in Cancer. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:45-101. [PMID: 32715321 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The expression and function of many ion channels and transporters in cancer cells display major differences in comparison to those from healthy cells. These differences provide the cancer cells with advantages for tumor development. Accordingly, targeting ion channels and transporters have beneficial anticancer effects including inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, tumor vascularization, and chemotherapy resistance, as well as promoting apoptosis. Some of the molecular mechanisms associating ion channels and transporters with cancer include the participation of oxidative stress, immune response, metabolic pathways, drug synergism, as well as noncanonical functions of ion channels. This diversity of mechanisms offers an exciting possibility to suggest novel and more effective therapeutic approaches to fight cancer. Here, we review and discuss most of the current knowledge suggesting novel therapeutic approaches for cancer therapy targeting ion channels and transporters. The role and regulation of ion channels and transporters in cancer provide a plethora of exceptional opportunities in drug design, as well as novel and promising therapeutic approaches that may be used for the benefit of cancer patients.
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17
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Song R, Hu XQ, Romero M, Holguin MA, Kagabo W, Xiao D, Wilson SM, Zhang L. Ryanodine receptor subtypes regulate Ca2+ sparks/spontaneous transient outward currents and myogenic tone of uterine arteries in pregnancy. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:792-804. [PMID: 32251501 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our recent study demonstrated that increased Ca2+ sparks and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) played an important role in uterine vascular tone and haemodynamic adaptation to pregnancy. The present study examined the role of ryanodine receptor (RyR) subtypes in regulating Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and myogenic tone in uterine arterial adaptation to pregnancy. METHODS AND RESULTS Uterine arteries isolated from non-pregnant and near-term pregnant sheep were used in the present study. Pregnancy increased the association of α and β1 subunits of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels and enhanced the co-localization of RyR1 and RyR2 with the β1 subunit in the uterine artery. In contrast, RyR3 was not co-localized with BKCa β1 subunit. Knockdown of RyR1 or RyR2 in uterine arteries of pregnant sheep downregulated the β1 but not α subunit of the BKCa channel and decreased the association of α and β1 subunits. Unlike RyR1 and RyR2, knockdown of RyR3 had no significant effect on either expression or association of BKCa subunits. In addition, knockdown of RyR1 or RyR2 significantly decreased Ca2+ spark frequency, suppressed STOCs frequency and amplitude, and increased pressure-dependent myogenic tone in uterine arteries of pregnant animals. RyR3 knockdown did not affect Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and myogenic tone in the uterine artery. CONCLUSION Together, the present study demonstrates a novel mechanistic paradigm of RyR subtypes in the regulation of Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and uterine vascular tone, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Xiang-Qun Hu
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Monica Romero
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Mark A Holguin
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Whitney Kagabo
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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18
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Kim JH, Lee JO, Moon JW, Kang MJ, Byun WS, Han JA, Kim SJ, Park SH, Kim HS. Laminarin From Salicornia herbacea Stimulates Glucose Uptake Through AMPK-p38 MAPK Pathways in L6 Muscle Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20901409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminarin is a component of brown seaweed, especially isolated from Salicornia herbacea. Laminarin was known to have various physiological functions, however, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we report that laminarin stimulates an activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increases glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Laminarin also increases an intracellular calcium release. Inhibition of Ca2+ release, using with CaMKK inhibitor, STO-609, blocked laminarin-induced AMPK activity, indicating that laminarin stimulated AMPK activity via calcium. In addition, laminarin activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways depending on AMPK activity. Moreover, the inhibition of either AMPK or p38 MAPK blocked laminarin-induced glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effect of laminarin is caused by its ability to activate AMPK-p38 MAPK pathways in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji H. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung O. Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji W. Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min J. Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won S. Byun
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong A. Han
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su J. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun H. Park
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon S. Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Strategies for Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis and the Role of Calcium. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051663. [PMID: 32121306 PMCID: PMC7084497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions are vital for maintaining the physiological and biochemical processes inside cells. The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly dependent on calcium homeostasis and its dysregulation has been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Huntington’s disease (HD), as well as with multiple sclerosis (MS). Hence, the modulation of calcium influx into the cells and the targeting of calcium-mediated signaling pathways may present a promising therapeutic approach for these diseases. This review provides an overview on calcium channels in neurons and glial cells. Special emphasis is put on MS, a chronic autoimmune disease of the CNS. While the initial relapsing-remitting stage of MS can be treated effectively with immune modulatory and immunosuppressive drugs, the subsequent progressive stage has remained largely untreatable. Here we summarize several approaches that have been and are currently being tested for their neuroprotective capacities in MS and we discuss which role calcium could play in this regard.
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20
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Holme JA, Brinchmann BC, Le Ferrec E, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Øvrevik J. Combustion Particle-Induced Changes in Calcium Homeostasis: A Contributing Factor to Vascular Disease? Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 19:198-209. [PMID: 30955163 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for disease and premature death in the world. This is mainly due to exposure to urban air particle matter (PM), in particular, fine and ultrafine combustion-derived particles (CDP) from traffic-related air pollution. PM and CDP, including particles from diesel exhaust (DEP), and cigarette smoke have been linked to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including atherosclerosis, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Moreover, CDP typically consist of carbon cores with a complex mixture of organic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adhered. The relative contribution of the carbon core and adhered soluble components to cardiovascular effects of CDP is still a matter of discussion. In the present review, we summarize evidence showing that CDP affects intracellular calcium regulation, and argue that CDP-induced impairment of normal calcium control may be a critical cellular event through which CDP exposure contributes to development or exacerbation of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we highlight in vitro research suggesting that adhered organic chemicals such as PAHs may be key drivers of these responses. CDP, extractable organic material from CDP (CDP-EOM), and PAHs may increase intracellular calcium levels by interacting with calcium channels like transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, and receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR; e.g., beta-adrenergic receptors [βAR] and protease-activated receptor 2 [PAR-2]) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Clarifying a possible role of calcium signaling and mechanisms involved may increase our understanding of how air pollution contributes to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Simons C, Benkert J, Deuter N, Poetschke C, Pongs O, Schneider T, Duda J, Liss B. NCS-1 Deficiency Affects mRNA Levels of Genes Involved in Regulation of ATP Synthesis and Mitochondrial Stress in Highly Vulnerable Substantia nigra Dopaminergic Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:252. [PMID: 31827421 PMCID: PMC6890851 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal Ca2+ sensor proteins (NCS) transduce changes in Ca2+ homeostasis into altered signaling and neuronal function. NCS-1 activity has emerged as important for neuronal viability and pathophysiology. The progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons, particularly within the Substantia nigra (SN), is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), causing its motor symptoms. The activity-related Ca2+ homeostasis of SN DA neurons, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic stress promote neurodegeneration and PD. In contrast, NCS-1 in general has neuroprotective effects. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. We analyzed transcriptional changes in SN DA neurons upon NCS-1 loss by combining UV-laser microdissection and RT-qPCR-approaches to compare expression levels of a panel of PD and/or Ca2+-stress related genes from wildtype and NCS-1 KO mice. In NCS-1 KO, we detected significantly lower mRNA levels of mitochondrially coded ND1, a subunit of the respiratory chain, and of the neuron-specific enolase ENO2, a glycolytic enzyme. We also detected lower levels of the mitochondrial uncoupling proteins UCP4 and UCP5, the PARK7 gene product DJ-1, and the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel Cav2.3 in SN DA neurons from NCS-1 KO. Transcripts of other analyzed uncoupling proteins (UCPs), mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters, PARK genes, and ion channels were not altered. As Cav channels are linked to regulation of gene expression, metabolic stress and degeneration of SN DA neurons in PD, we analyzed Cav2.3 KO mice, to address if the transcriptional changes in NCS-1 KO were also present in Cav.2.3 KO, and thus probably correlated with lower Cav2.3 transcripts. However, in SN DA neurons from Cav2.3 KO mice, ND1 mRNA as well as genomic DNA levels were elevated, while ENO2, UCP4, UCP5, and DJ-1 transcript levels were not altered. In conclusion, our data indicate a possible novel function of NCS-1 in regulating gene transcription or stabilization of mRNAs in SN DA neurons. Although we do not provide functional data, our findings at the transcript level could point to impaired ATP production (lower ND1 and ENO2) and elevated metabolic stress (lower UCP4, UCP5, and DJ-1 levels) in SN DA neurons from NCS-1 KO mice. We speculate that NCS-1 is involved in stimulating ATP synthesis, while at the same time controlling mitochondrial metabolic stress, and in this way could protect SN DA neurons from degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Simons
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Benkert
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nora Deuter
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Pongs
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Toni Schneider
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Duda
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgit Liss
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,New College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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22
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D'Errico S, Basso E, Falanga AP, Marzano M, Pozzan T, Piccialli V, Piccialli G, Oliviero G, Borbone N. New Linear Precursors of cIDPR Derivatives as Stable Analogs of cADPR: A Potent Second Messenger with Ca 2+-Modulating Activity Isolated from Sea Urchin Eggs. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E476. [PMID: 31426471 PMCID: PMC6723567 DOI: 10.3390/md17080476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report on the synthesis of a small set of linear precursors of an inosine analogue of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a second messenger involved in Ca2+ mobilization from ryanodine receptor stores firstly isolated from sea urchin eggs extracts. The synthesized compounds were obtained starting from inosine and are characterized by an N1-alkyl chain replacing the "northern" ribose and a phosphate group attached at the end of the N1-alkyl chain and/or 5'-sugar positions. Preliminary Ca2+ mobilization assays, performed on differentiated C2C12 cells, are reported as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano D'Errico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Emy Basso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Istituto di Neuroscienze (Sezione di Padova), viale Giuseppe Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Andrea Patrizia Falanga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Marzano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Istituto di Neuroscienze (Sezione di Padova), viale Giuseppe Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, Padova 35131, Italy
- Istituto Veneto di Medicina Molecolare, via Orus 2, Padova 35129, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piccialli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 26, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - Gennaro Piccialli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Giorgia Oliviero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Nicola Borbone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
- ISBE Italy/SYSBIO Centro di System Biology, Università di Milano-Bicocca, piazza delle Scienze 2, Milano 20126, Italy
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Laing BB, Lim AG, Ferguson LR. A Personalised Dietary Approach-A Way Forward to Manage Nutrient Deficiency, Effects of the Western Diet, and Food Intolerances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071532. [PMID: 31284450 PMCID: PMC6683058 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the personalised dietary approach with respect to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It identifies gene–nutrient interactions associated with the nutritional deficiencies that people with IBD commonly experience, and the role of the Western diet in influencing these. It also discusses food intolerances and how particular genotypes can affect these. It is well established that with respect to food there is no “one size fits all” diet for those with IBD. Gene–nutrient interactions may help explain this variability in response to food that is associated with IBD. Nutrigenomic research, which examines the effects of food and its constituents on gene expression, shows that—like a number of pharmaceutical products—food can have beneficial effects or have adverse (side) effects depending on a person’s genotype. Pharmacogenetic research is identifying gene variants with adverse reactions to drugs, and this is modifying clinical practice and allowing individualised treatment. Nutrigenomic research could enable individualised treatment in persons with IBD and enable more accurate tailoring of food intake, to avoid exacerbating malnutrition and to counter some of the adverse effects of the Western diet. It may also help to establish the dietary pattern that is most protective against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobbi B Laing
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Nutrition Society of New Zealand, Palmerston North 4444, New Zealand
| | - Anecita Gigi Lim
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
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24
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Nanoscale reorganization of sarcoplasmic reticulum in pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy visualized by dSTORM. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7867. [PMID: 31133706 PMCID: PMC6536555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44331-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a debilitating condition characterized by deleterious thickening of the myocardium, dysregulated Ca2+ signaling within cardiomyocytes, and contractile dysfunction. Importantly, the nanoscale organization, localization, and patterns of expression of critical Ca2+ handling regulators including dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), phospholamban (PLN), and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2A (SERCA2A) remain poorly understood, especially during pathological hypertrophy disease progression. In the current study, we induced cardiac pathological hypertrophy via transverse aortic constriction (TAC) on 8-week-old CD1 mice, followed by isolation of cardiac ventricular myocytes. dSTORM super-resolution imaging was then used to visualize proteins at nanoscale resolution at two time points and we quantified changes in protein cluster properties using Voronoi tessellation and 2D Fast Fourier Transform analyses. We showed a decrease in the density of DHPR and RyR2 clusters with pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy and an increase in the density of SERCA2A protein clusters. PLN protein clusters decreased in density in 2-week TAC but returned to sham levels by 4-week TAC. Furthermore, 2D-FFT analysis revealed changes in molecular organization during pathological hypertrophy, with DHPR and RyR2 becoming dispersed while both SERCA2A and PLN sequestered into dense clusters. Our work reveals molecular adaptations that occur in critical SR proteins at a single molecule during pressure overload-induced cardiomyopathy. Nanoscale alterations in protein localization and patterns of expression of crucial SR proteins within the cardiomyocyte provided insights into the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy, and specific evidence that cardiomyocytes undergo significant structural remodeling during the progression of pathological hypertrophy.
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25
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Garcia-Rill E. Neuroepigenetics of arousal: Gamma oscillations in the pedunculopontine nucleus. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1515-1520. [PMID: 30916810 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Four major discoveries on the function of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) have significantly advanced our understanding of the role of arousal in neurodegenerative disorders. The first was the finding that stimulation of the PPN-induced controlled locomotion on a treadmill in decerebrate animals, the second was the revelation of electrical coupling in the PPN and other arousal and sleep-wake control regions, the third was the determination of intrinsic gamma band oscillations in PPN neurons, and the last was the discovery of gene transcription resulting from the manifestation of gamma activity in the PPN. These discoveries have led to novel therapies such as PPN deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD), identified the mechanism of action of the stimulant modafinil, determined the presence of separate mechanisms underlying gamma activity during waking versus REM sleep, and revealed the presence of gene transcription during the manifestation of gamma band oscillations. These discoveries set the stage for additional major advances in the treatment of a number of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Garcia-Rill
- Center for Translational Neuroscience (CTN), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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26
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Cervera J, Manzanares JA, Mafe S. Cell-cell bioelectrical interactions and local heterogeneities in genetic networks: a model for the stabilization of single-cell states and multicellular oscillations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 20:9343-9354. [PMID: 29564429 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00648b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic networks operate in the presence of local heterogeneities in single-cell transcription and translation rates. Bioelectrical networks and spatio-temporal maps of cell electric potentials can influence multicellular ensembles. Could cell-cell bioelectrical interactions mediated by intercellular gap junctions contribute to the stabilization of multicellular states against local genetic heterogeneities? We theoretically analyze this question on the basis of two well-established experimental facts: (i) the membrane potential is a reliable read-out of the single-cell electrical state and (ii) when the cells are coupled together, their individual cell potentials can be influenced by ensemble-averaged electrical potentials. We propose a minimal biophysical model for the coupling between genetic and bioelectrical networks that associates the local changes occurring in the transcription and translation rates of an ion channel protein with abnormally low (depolarized) cell potentials. We then analyze the conditions under which the depolarization of a small region (patch) in a multicellular ensemble can be reverted by its bioelectrical coupling with the (normally polarized) neighboring cells. We show also that the coupling between genetic and bioelectric networks of non-excitable cells, modulated by average electric potentials at the multicellular ensemble level, can produce oscillatory phenomena. The simulations show the importance of single-cell potentials characteristic of polarized and depolarized states, the relative sizes of the abnormally polarized patch and the rest of the normally polarized ensemble, and intercellular coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervera
- Dept. Termodinàmica, Fac. Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - José A Manzanares
- Dept. Termodinàmica, Fac. Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Salvador Mafe
- Dept. Termodinàmica, Fac. Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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27
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Bioelectrical coupling in multicellular domains regulated by gap junctions: A conceptual approach. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 123:45-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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28
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Urbano FJ, Bisagno V, Mahaffey S, Lee SH, Garcia-Rill E. Class II histone deacetylases require P/Q-type Ca 2+ channels and CaMKII to maintain gamma oscillations in the pedunculopontine nucleus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13156. [PMID: 30177751 PMCID: PMC6120910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms (i.e., histone post-translational modification and DNA methylation) play a role in regulation of gene expression. The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), part of the reticular activating system, manifests intrinsic gamma oscillations generated by voltage-dependent, high threshold N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. We studied whether PPN intrinsic gamma oscillations are affected by inhibition of histone deacetylation. We showed that, a) acute in vitro exposure to the histone deacetylation Class I and II inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA, 1 μM) eliminated oscillations in the gamma range, but not lower frequencies, b) pre-incubation with TSA (1 μM, 90-120 min) also decreased gamma oscillations, c) Ca2+ currents (ICa) were reduced by TSA, especially on cells with P/Q-type channels, d) a HDAC Class I inhibitor MS275 (500 nM), and a Class IIb inhibitor Tubastatin A (150-500 nM), failed to affect gamma oscillations, e) MC1568, a HDAC Class IIa inhibitor (1 μM), blocked gamma oscillations, and f) the effects of both TSA and MC1568 were blunted by blockade of CaMKII with KN-93 (1 μM). These results suggest a cell type specific effect on gamma oscillations when histone deacetylation is blocked, suggesting that gamma oscillations through P/Q-type channels modulated by CaMKII may be linked to processes related to gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Urbano
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Department Neurobiology & Dev. Sci., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,IFIBYNE, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Verónica Bisagno
- ININFA, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susan Mahaffey
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Department Neurobiology & Dev. Sci., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Department Neurobiology & Dev. Sci., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Edgar Garcia-Rill
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Department Neurobiology & Dev. Sci., University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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29
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McLaughlin KA, Levin M. Bioelectric signaling in regeneration: Mechanisms of ionic controls of growth and form. Dev Biol 2018; 433:177-189. [PMID: 29291972 PMCID: PMC5753428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control pattern formation is critical for the both the embryonic development of complex structures as well as for the regeneration/repair of damaged or missing tissues and organs. In addition to chemical gradients and gene regulatory networks, endogenous ion flows are key regulators of cell behavior. Not only do bioelectric cues provide information needed for the initial development of structures, they also enable the robust restoration of normal pattern after injury. In order to expand our basic understanding of morphogenetic processes responsible for the repair of complex anatomy, we need to identify the roles of endogenous voltage gradients, ion flows, and electric fields. In complement to the current focus on molecular genetics, decoding the information transduced by bioelectric cues enhances our knowledge of the dynamic control of growth and pattern formation. Recent advances in science and technology place us in an exciting time to elucidate the interplay between molecular-genetic inputs and important biophysical cues that direct the creation of tissues and organs. Moving forward, these new insights enable additional approaches to direct cell behavior and may result in profound advances in augmentation of regenerative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A McLaughlin
- Allen Discovery Center, Department of Biology, Tufts University, 200 Boston Ave., Suite 4700, Medford, MA 02155, United States.
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Department of Biology, Tufts University, 200 Boston Ave., Suite 4700, Medford, MA 02155, United States
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30
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Lima WR, Martins DC, Parreira KS, Scarpelli P, Santos de Moraes M, Topalis P, Hashimoto RF, Garcia CRS. Genome-wide analysis of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum transcription factor PfNF-YB shows interaction with a CCAAT motif. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113987-114001. [PMID: 29371963 PMCID: PMC5768380 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about transcription factor regulation during the Plasmodium falciparum intraerythrocytic cycle. In order to elucidate the role of the P. falciparum (Pf)NF-YB transcription factor we searched for target genes in the entire genome. PfNF-YB mRNA is highly expressed in late trophozoite and schizont stages relative to the ring stage. In order to determine the candidate genes bound by PfNF-YB a ChIP-on-chip assay was carried out and 297 genes were identified. Ninety nine percent of PfNF-YB binding was to putative promoter regions of protein coding genes of which only 16% comprise proteins of known function. Interestingly, our data reveal that PfNF-YB binding is not exclusively to a canonical CCAAT box motif. PfNF-YB binds to genes coding for proteins implicated in a range of different biological functions, such as replication protein A large subunit (DNA replication), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (nucleic acid metabolism) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (intracellular transport).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wânia Rezende Lima
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais-Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso-Campus Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - David Correa Martins
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Kleber Simônio Parreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais-Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso-Campus Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Pedro Scarpelli
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miriam Santos de Moraes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pantelis Topalis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Hellas, Greece
| | - Ronaldo Fumio Hashimoto
- Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célia R S Garcia
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Winnacker M. Recent advances in the synthesis of functional materials by engineered and recombinant living cells. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6672-6677. [PMID: 28944817 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
At the interface of materials science and synthetic biology, several concepts were recently developed for the production of functional materials by living cells. Selected recent strategies for this are highlighted here with a focus on bioactive, electronic and fluorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Winnacker
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany.
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32
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Yang L, Wang L, Zhu C, Wu J, Yuan Y, Yu L, Xu Y, Xu J, Wang T, Liao Z, Wang S, Zhu X, Gao P, Zhang Y, Wang X, Jiang Q, Shu G. Laminarin counteracts diet-induced obesity associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99470-99481. [PMID: 29245916 PMCID: PMC5725107 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminarin, a type of β-glucan isolated from brown seaweeds, exhibits verity of physiological activities, which include immunology modulation and antitumor function. To investigate the effect of laminarin on energy homeostasis, mice were orally administrated with laminarin to test food intake, fat deposition, and glucose homeostasis. Chronically, laminarin treatment significantly decreases high-fat-diet-induced body weight gain and fat deposition and reduces blood glucose level and glucose tolerance. Acutely, laminarin enhances serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) content and the mRNA expression level of proglucagon and prohormone convertase 1 in ileum. Subsequently, laminarin suppresses the food intake of mice, the hypothalamic AgRP neuron activity, and AgRP expression but activates pancreatic function. Furthermore, laminarin-induced appetite reduction was totally blocked by Exendin (9-39), a specific competitive inhibitor of GLP-1 receptor. Then, STC-1 cells were adopted to address the underlying mechanism, by which laminarin promoted GLP-1 secretion in vitro. Results showed that laminarin dose-dependently promoted GLP-1 secretion and c-Fos protein expression in STC-1 cells, which were independent of Dectin-1 and CD18. Interestingly, BAPTA-AM, a calcium-chelating agent, potently attenuated laminarin-induced [Ca2+]i elevation, c-Fos expression, and GLP-1 secretion. In summary, our data support that laminarin counteracts diet-induced obesity and stimulates GLP-1 secretion via [Ca2+]i; this finding provides an experimental basis for laminarin application to treat obesity and maintain glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liusong Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Canjun Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Junguo Wu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yexian Yuan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Lulu Yu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yaqiong Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jingren Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Zhengrui Liao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,South China Observation Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiuqi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,South China Observation Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,South China Observation Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.,South China Observation Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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33
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Cervera J, Meseguer S, Mafe S. MicroRNA Intercellular Transfer and Bioelectrical Regulation of Model Multicellular Ensembles by the Gap Junction Connectivity. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:7602-7613. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cervera
- Dept.
de Termodinàmica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Salvador Meseguer
- Laboratory
of RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Salvador Mafe
- Dept.
de Termodinàmica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
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34
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Rima M, Daghsni M, De Waard S, Gaborit N, Fajloun Z, Ronjat M, Mori Y, Brusés JL, De Waard M. The β 4 subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel (Cacnb4) regulates the rate of cell proliferation in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 89:57-70. [PMID: 28587927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The β subunits of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (VGCC) are cytosolic proteins that interact with the VGCC pore -forming subunit and participate in the trafficking of the channel to the cell membrane and in ion influx regulation. β subunits also exert functions independently of their binding to VGCC by translocation to the cell nucleus including the control of gene expression. Mutations of the neuronal Cacnb4 (β4) subunit are linked to human neuropsychiatric disorders including epilepsy and intellectual disabilities. It is believed that the pathogenic phenotype induced by these mutations is associated with channel-independent functions of the β4 subunit. In this report, we investigated the role of β4 subunit in cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and examined whether these functions could be altered by a pathogenic mutation. To this end, stably transfected Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells expressing either rat full-length β4 or the rat C-terminally truncated epileptic mutant variant β1-481 were generated. The subcellular localization of both proteins differed significantly. Full-length β4 localizes almost exclusively in the cell nucleus and concentrates into the nucleolar compartment, while the C-terminal-truncated β1-481 subunit was less concentrated within the nucleus and absent from the nucleoli. Cell proliferation was found to be reduced by the expression of β4, while it was unaffected by the epileptic mutant. Also, full-length β4 interfered with cell cycle progression by presumably preventing cells from entering the S-phase via a mechanism that partially involves endogenous B56δ, a regulatory subunit of the phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that binds β4 but not β1-481. Analysis of β4 subcellular distribution during the cell cycle revealed that the protein is highly expressed in the nucleus at the G1/S transition phase and that it is translocated out of the nucleus during chromatin condensation and cell division. These results suggest that nuclear accumulation of β4 at the G1/S transition phase affects the progression into S-phase resulting in a decrease in the rate of cell proliferation. Regulation of the cell cycle exit is a critical step in determining the number of neuronal precursors and neuronal differentiation suggesting that mutations of the β4 subunit could affect neural development and formation of the mature central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Rima
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Application, Lebanese University, 1300, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Daghsni
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, LR99ES10 Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Stephan De Waard
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France
| | - Nathalie Gaborit
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Application, Lebanese University, 1300, Tripoli, Lebanon; Faculty of Sciences III, Lebanese University, 1300, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Michel Ronjat
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Juan L Brusés
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522, USA
| | - Michel De Waard
- INSERM UMR1087, LabEx Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, F-44000 France; CNRS, UMR6291, Nantes, F-44000 France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, F-44000 France.
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35
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Trafficking of neuronal calcium channels. Neuronal Signal 2017; 1:NS20160003. [PMID: 32714572 PMCID: PMC7373241 DOI: 10.1042/ns20160003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) serve complex yet essential physiological functions via their pivotal role in translating electrical signals into intracellular calcium elevations and associated downstream signalling pathways. There are a number of regulatory mechanisms to ensure a dynamic control of the number of channels embedded in the plasma membrane, whereas alteration of the surface expression of VGCCs has been linked to various disease conditions. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that control the trafficking of VGCCs to and from the plasma membrane, and discuss their implication in pathophysiological conditions and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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36
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The interplay between genetic and bioelectrical signaling permits a spatial regionalisation of membrane potentials in model multicellular ensembles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35201. [PMID: 27731412 PMCID: PMC5059667 DOI: 10.1038/srep35201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The single cell-centred approach emphasises ion channels as specific proteins that determine individual properties, disregarding their contribution to multicellular outcomes. We simulate the interplay between genetic and bioelectrical signals in non-excitable cells from the local single-cell level to the long range multicellular ensemble. The single-cell genetic regulation is based on mean-field kinetic equations involving the mRNA and protein concentrations. The transcription rate factor is assumed to depend on the absolute value of the cell potential, which is dictated by the voltage-gated cell ion channels and the intercellular gap junctions. The interplay between genetic and electrical signals may allow translating single-cell states into multicellular states which provide spatio-temporal information. The model results have clear implications for biological processes: (i) bioelectric signals can override slightly different genetic pre-patterns; (ii) ensembles of cells initially at the same potential can undergo an electrical regionalisation because of persistent genetic differences between adjacent spatial regions; and (iii) shifts in the normal cell electrical balance could trigger significant changes in the genetic regulation.
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Gene expression of muscular and neuronal pathways is cooperatively dysregulated in patients with idiopathic achalasia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31549. [PMID: 27511445 PMCID: PMC4980661 DOI: 10.1038/srep31549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic achalasia is characterized by the absence of peristalsis secondary to loss of neurons in the myenteric plexus that hampers proper relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Achalasia can be considered a multifactorial disorder as it occurs in related individuals and is associated with HLA class II genes, thereby suggesting genetic influence. We used microarray technology and advanced in-silico functional analyses to perform the first genome-wide expression profiling of mRNA in tissue samples from 12 achalasia and 5 control patients. It revealed 1,728 differentially expressed genes, of these, 837 (48.4%) were up-regulated in cases. In particular, genes participating to the smooth muscle contraction biological function were mostly up-regulated. Functional analysis revealed a significant enrichment of neuronal/muscular and neuronal/immunity processes. Upstream regulatory analysis of 180 genes involved in these processes suggested TLR4 and IL18 as critical key-players. Two functional gene networks were significantly over-represented: one involved in organ morphology, skeletal muscle system development and function, and neurological diseases, and the other participating in cell morphology, humoral immune response and cellular movement. These results highlight on pivotal genes that may play critical roles in neuronal/muscular and neuronal/immunity processes, and that may contribute to the onset and development of achalasia.
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Krueger JN, Moore SJ, Parent R, McKinney BC, Lee A, Murphy GG. A novel mouse model of the aged brain: Over-expression of the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel Ca V1.3. Behav Brain Res 2016; 322:241-249. [PMID: 27368417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aged population is growing rapidly, which has sparked tremendous interest in elucidating mechanisms of aging in both the body and the brain. Animal models have become an indispensable tool in biomedical science, but because of the cost and extended timeframe associated with aging animals to appropriate time points, studies that rely on using aged animals are often not feasible. Somewhat surprisingly, there are relatively few animal models that have been specifically engineered to mimic physiological changes known to occur during "normal" aging. Developing transgenic animal models that faithfully mimic key aspects of aging would likely be of great utility in studying both age-related deficits in the absence of overt pathology as well as an adjunct for transgenic models of diseases where aging is a primary risk factor. In particular, there are several alterations in the aged brain that are amenable to being modeled genetically. We have focused on one key aspect that has been repeatedly demonstrated in aged animals - an increase in the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.3. Here we present a novel transgenic mouse line in which expression of CaV1.3 is increased by approximately 50% in the forebrain of young mice. These mice do not display any overt physical or non-cognitive deficits, exhibiting normal exploratory behavior, motor function, and affective-like responses, suggesting that these mice can be successfully deployed to assess the impact of an "aged brain" in a variety of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie N Krueger
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Shannon J Moore
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| | - Rachel Parent
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Brandon C McKinney
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Amy Lee
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Geoffrey G Murphy
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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Buchanan PJ, McCloskey KD. Ca V channels and cancer: canonical functions indicate benefits of repurposed drugs as cancer therapeutics. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 45:621-633. [PMID: 27342111 PMCID: PMC5045480 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The importance of ion channels in the hallmarks of many cancers is increasingly recognised. This article reviews current knowledge of the expression of members of the voltage-gated calcium channel family (CaV) in cancer at the gene and protein level and discusses their potential functional roles. The ten members of the CaV channel family are classified according to expression of their pore-forming α-subunit; moreover, co-expression of accessory α2δ, β and γ confers a spectrum of biophysical characteristics including voltage dependence of activation and inactivation, current amplitude and activation/inactivation kinetics. CaV channels have traditionally been studied in excitable cells including neurones, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and cardiac cells, and drugs targeting the channels are used in the treatment of hypertension and epilepsy. There is emerging evidence that several CaV channels are differentially expressed in cancer cells compared to their normal counterparts. Interestingly, a number of CaV channels also have non-canonical functions and are involved in transcriptional regulation of the expression of other proteins including potassium channels. Pharmacological studies show that CaV canonical function contributes to the fundamental biology of proliferation, cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. This raises the intriguing possibility that calcium channel blockers, approved for the treatment of other conditions, could be repurposed to treat particular cancers. Further research will reveal the full extent of both the canonical and non-canonical functions of CaV channels in cancer and whether calcium channel blockers are beneficial in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Buchanan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7AE, UK.,National Institute of Cellular Biotechnology, School of Nursing and Human Science, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Karen D McCloskey
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7AE, UK.
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Kurland DB, Gerzanich V, Karimy JK, Woo SK, Vennekens R, Freichel M, Nilius B, Bryan J, Simard JM. The Sur1-Trpm4 channel regulates NOS2 transcription in TLR4-activated microglia. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:130. [PMID: 27246103 PMCID: PMC4888589 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Harmful effects of activated microglia are due, in part, to the formation of peroxynitrite radicals, which is attributable to the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS2). Because NOS2 expression is determined by Ca2+-sensitive calcineurin (CN) dephosphorylating nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), and because Sur1-Trpm4 channels are crucial for regulating Ca2+ influx, we hypothesized that, in activated microglia, Sur1-Trpm4 channels play a central role in regulating CN/NFAT and downstream target genes such as Nos2. Methods We studied microglia in vivo and in primary culture from adult rats, and from wild type, Abcc8−/− and Trpm4−/− mice, and immortalized N9 microglia, following activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, co-immunoprecipitation, immunoblot, qPCR, patch clamp electrophysiology, calcium imaging, the Griess assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results In microglia in vivo and in vitro, LPS activation of TLR4 led to de novo upregulation of Sur1-Trpm4 channels and CN/NFAT-dependent upregulation of Nos2 mRNA, NOS2 protein, and NO. Pharmacological inhibition of Sur1 (glibenclamide), Trpm4 (9-phenanthrol), or gene silencing of Abcc8 or Trpm4 reduced Nos2 upregulation. Inhibiting Sur1-Trpm4 increased the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), as expected, but also decreased NFAT nuclear translocation. The increase in [Ca2+]i induced by inhibiting or silencing Sur1-Trpm4 resulted in phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin protein kinase II and of CN, consistent with reduced nuclear translocation of NFAT. The regulation of NFAT by Sur1-Trpm4 was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Conclusions Sur1-Trpm4 constitutes a novel mechanism by which TLR4-activated microglia regulate pro-inflammatory, Ca2+-sensitive gene expression, including Nos2.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Kurland
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene St., Suite S12D, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA. .,Neurosurgery Research Laboratories, 10 S. Pine St, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA.
| | - Volodymyr Gerzanich
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene St., Suite S12D, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA
| | - Jason K Karimy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene St., Suite S12D, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA
| | - Seung Kyoon Woo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene St., Suite S12D, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Department Cell Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Ion Channel Research, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49-Bus 802, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Marc Freichel
- Pharmakologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Department Cell Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Ion Channel Research, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49-Bus 802, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Joseph Bryan
- Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - J Marc Simard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene St., Suite S12D, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Vilborg A, Passarelli MC, Steitz JA. Calcium signaling and transcription: elongation, DoGs, and eRNAs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3. [PMID: 29147672 DOI: 10.14800/rci.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The calcium ion (Ca2+) is a key intracellular signaling molecule with far-reaching effects on many cellular processes. One of the most important such Ca2+ regulated processes is transcription. A body of literature describes the effect of Ca2+ signaling on transcription initiation as occurring mainly through activation of gene-specific transcription factors by Ca2+-induced signaling cascades. However, the reach of Ca2+ extends far beyond the first step of transcription. In fact, Ca2+ can regulate all phases of transcription, with additional effects on transcription-associated events such as alternative splicing. Importantly, Ca2+ signaling mediates reduced transcription termination in response to certain stress conditions. This reduction allows readthrough transcription, generating a highly inducible and diverse class of downstream of gene containing transcripts (DoGs) that we have recently described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vilborg
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Maria C Passarelli
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Joan A Steitz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
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Pinto MCX, Kihara AH, Goulart VAM, Tonelli FMP, Gomes KN, Ulrich H, Resende RR. Calcium signaling and cell proliferation. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2139-49. [PMID: 26275497 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation is orchestrated through diverse proteins related to calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling inside the cell. Cellular Ca(2+) influx that occurs first by various mechanisms at the plasma membrane, is then followed by absorption of Ca(2+) ions by mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and, finally, there is a connection of calcium stores to the nucleus. Experimental evidence indicates that the fluctuation of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum provides a pivotal and physiological role for cell proliferation. Ca(2+) depletion in the endoplasmatic reticulum triggers Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane in an phenomenon called store-operated calcium entries (SOCEs). SOCE is activated through a complex interplay between a Ca(2+) sensor, denominated STIM, localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and a Ca(2+) channel at the cell membrane, denominated Orai. The interplay between STIM and Orai proteins with cell membrane receptors and their role in cell proliferation is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Presyes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Hiroaki Kihara
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Rua Arcturus (Jd Antares), 09606-070, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vânia A M Goulart
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M P Tonelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Katia N Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Presyes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Resende
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Univtreersidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Rua Santo Antônio, 420, 35500-041 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
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Proft J, Weiss N. Looking for answers to L-type calcium channels in the ageing brain (Commentary on Zanoset al.). Eur J Neurosci 2015; 42:2496-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Proft
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Norbert Weiss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Prague Czech Republic
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Elies J, Johnson E, Boyle JP, Scragg JL, Peers C. H2S does not regulate proliferation via T-type Ca2+ channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 461:659-64. [PMID: 25918023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T-type Ca(2+) channels (Cav3.1, 3.2 and 3.3) strongly influence proliferation of various cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and certain cancers. We have recently shown that the gasotransmitter carbon monoxide (CO) inhibits T-type Ca(2+) channels and, in so doing, attenuates proliferation of VSMC. We have also shown that the T-type Ca(2+) channel Cav3.2 is selectively inhibited by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) whilst the other channel isoforms (Cav3.1 and Cav3.3) are unaffected. Here, we explored whether inhibition of Cav3.2 by H2S could account for the anti-proliferative effects of this gasotransmitter. H2S suppressed proliferation in HEK293 cells expressing Cav3.2, as predicted by our previous observations. However, H2S was similarly effective in suppressing proliferation in wild type (non-transfected) HEK293 cells and those expressing the H2S insensitive channel, Cav3.1. Further studies demonstrated that T-type Ca(2+) channels in the smooth muscle cell line A7r5 and in human coronary VSMCs strongly influenced proliferation. In both cell types, H2S caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of proliferation, yet by far the dominant T-type Ca(2+) channel isoform was the H2S-insensitive channel, Cav3.1. Our data indicate that inhibition of T-type Ca(2+) channel-mediated proliferation by H2S is independent of the channels' sensitivity to H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Elies
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Emily Johnson
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - John P Boyle
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jason L Scragg
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chris Peers
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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T-Type Ca2+ Channel Regulation by CO: A Mechanism for Control of Cell Proliferation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 860:291-300. [PMID: 26303493 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18440-1_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
T-type Ca(2+) channels regulate proliferation in a number of tissue types, including vascular smooth muscle and various cancers. In such tissues, up-regulation of the inducible enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is often observed, and hypoxia is a key factor in its induction. HO-1 degrades heme to generate carbon monoxide (CO) along with Fe(2+) and biliverdin. Since CO is increasingly recognized as a regulator of ion channels (Peers et al. 2015), we have explored the possibility that it may regulate proliferation via modulation of T-type Ca(2+) channels.Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that CO (applied as the dissolved gas or via CORM donors) inhibited all 3 isoforms of T-type Ca(2+) channels (Cav3.1-3.3) when expressed in HEK293 cells with similar IC(50) values, and induction of HO-1 expression also suppressed T-type currents (Boycott et al. 2013). CO/HO-1 induction also suppressed the elevated basal [Ca(2+) ](i) in cells expressing these channels and reduced their proliferative rate to levels seen in non-transfected control cells (Duckles et al. 2015).Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (both A7r5 and human saphenous vein cells) was also suppressed either by T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibitors (mibefradil and NNC 55-0396), HO-1 induction or application of CO. Effects of these blockers and CO were non additive. Although L-type Ca(2+) channels were also sensitive to CO (Scragg et al. 2008), they did not influence proliferation. Our data suggest that HO-1 acts to control proliferation via CO modulation of T-type Ca(2+) channels.
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Duckles H, Boycott HE, Al-Owais MM, Elies J, Johnson E, Dallas ML, Porter KE, Giuntini F, Boyle JP, Scragg JL, Peers C. Heme oxygenase-1 regulates cell proliferation via carbon monoxide-mediated inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channels. Pflugers Arch 2014; 467:415-27. [PMID: 24744106 PMCID: PMC4293494 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Induction of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) affords cellular protection and suppresses proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) associated with a variety of pathological cardiovascular conditions including myocardial infarction and vascular injury. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Over-expression of Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels in HEK293 cells raised basal [Ca2+]i and increased proliferation as compared with non-transfected cells. Proliferation and [Ca2+]i levels were reduced to levels seen in non-transfected cells either by induction of HO-1 or exposure of cells to the HO-1 product, carbon monoxide (CO) (applied as the CO releasing molecule, CORM-3). In the aortic VSMC line A7r5, proliferation was also inhibited by induction of HO-1 or by exposure of cells to CO, and patch-clamp recordings indicated that CO inhibited T-type (as well as L-type) Ca2+ currents in these cells. Finally, in human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells, proliferation was reduced by T-type channel inhibition or by HO-1 induction or CO exposure. The effects of T-type channel blockade and HO-1 induction were non-additive. Collectively, these data indicate that HO-1 regulates proliferation via CO-mediated inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channels. This signalling pathway provides a novel means by which proliferation of VSMCs (and other cells) may be regulated therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Duckles
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Bustamante M, Fernández-Verdejo R, Jaimovich E, Buvinic S. Electrical stimulation induces IL-6 in skeletal muscle through extracellular ATP by activating Ca(2+) signals and an IL-6 autocrine loop. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E869-82. [PMID: 24518675 PMCID: PMC3989743 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00450.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important myokine that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle cells upon exercise. We assessed IL-6 expression in response to electrical stimulation (ES) or extracellular ATP as a known mediator of the excitation-transcription mechanism in skeletal muscle. We examined whether the canonical signaling cascade downstream of IL-6 (IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) also responds to muscle cell excitation, concluding that IL-6 influences its own expression through a positive loop. Either ES or exogenous ATP (100 μM) increased both IL-6 expression and p-STAT3 levels in rat myotubes, a process inhibited by 100 μM suramin and 2 U/ml apyrase. ATP also evoked IL-6 expression in both isolated skeletal fibers and extracts derived from whole FDB muscles. ATP increased IL-6 release up to 10-fold. STAT3 activation evoked by ATP was abolished by the JAK2 inhibitor HBC. Blockade of secreted IL-6 with a neutralizing antibody or preincubation with the STAT3 inhibitor VIII reduced STAT3 activation evoked by extracellular ATP by 70%. Inhibitor VIII also reduced by 70% IL-6 expression evoked by ATP, suggesting a positive IL-6 loop. In addition, ATP increased up to 60% the protein levels of SOCS3, a negative regulator of the IL-6 signaling pathway. On the other hand, intracellular calcium chelation or blockade of IP3-dependent calcium signals abolished STAT3 phosphorylation evoked by either extracellular ATP or ES. These results suggest that expression of IL-6 in stimulated skeletal muscle cells is mediated by extracellular ATP and nucleotide receptors, involving IP3-dependent calcium signals as an early step that triggers a positive IL-6 autocrine loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bustamante
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and
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Lewis BB, Miller LE, Herbst WA, Saha MS. The role of voltage-gated calcium channels in neurotransmitter phenotype specification: Coexpression and functional analysis in Xenopus laevis. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:2518-31. [PMID: 24477801 PMCID: PMC4043876 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium activity has been implicated in many neurodevelopmental events, including the specification of neurotransmitter phenotypes. Higher levels of calcium activity lead to an increased number of inhibitory neural phenotypes, whereas lower levels of calcium activity lead to excitatory neural phenotypes. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) allow for rapid calcium entry and are expressed during early neural stages, making them likely regulators of activity-dependent neurotransmitter phenotype specification. To test this hypothesis, multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization was used to characterize the coexpression of eight VGCC α1 subunits with the excitatory and inhibitory neural markers xVGlut1 and xVIAAT in Xenopus laevis embryos. VGCC coexpression was higher with xVGlut1 than xVIAAT, especially in the hindbrain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves. Calcium activity was also analyzed on a single-cell level, and spike frequency was correlated with the expression of VGCC α1 subunits in cell culture. Cells expressing Cav2.1 and Cav2.2 displayed increased calcium spiking compared with cells not expressing this marker. The VGCC antagonist diltiazem and agonist (−)BayK 8644 were used to manipulate calcium activity. Diltiazem exposure increased the number of glutamatergic cells and decreased the number of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic cells, whereas (−)BayK 8644 exposure decreased the number of glutamatergic cells without having an effect on the number of GABAergic cells. Given that the expression and functional manipulation of VGCCs are correlated with neurotransmitter phenotype in some, but not all, experiments, VGCCs likely act in combination with a variety of other signaling factors to determine neuronal phenotype specification. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:2518–2531, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany B Lewis
- Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23185
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Kosiorek M, Zylinska L, Zablocki K, Pikula S. Calcineurin/NFAT signaling represses genes Vamp1 and Vamp2 via PMCA-dependent mechanism during dopamine secretion by Pheochromocytoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92176. [PMID: 24667359 PMCID: PMC3965406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPases (PMCA) extrude Ca(2+) ions out of the cell and contribute to generation of calcium oscillations. Calcium signaling is crucial for transcriptional regulation of dopamine secretion by neuroendocrine PC12 cells. Low resting [Ca(2+)]c in PC12 cells is maintained mainly by two Ca(2+)-ATPases, PMCA2 and PMCA3. Recently, we found that Ca(2+) dependent phosphatase calcineurin was excessively activated under conditions of experimental downregulation of PMCA2 or PMCA3. Thus, the aim of this study was to explain if, via modulation of the Ca(2+)/calcineurin-dependent nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway, PMCA2 and PMCA3 affect intracellular signaling in pheochromocytoma/neuronal cells/PC12 cells. Secondly, we tested whether this might influence dopamine secretion by PC12 cells. RESULTS PMCA2- and PMCA3-deficient cells displayed profound decrease in dopamine secretion accompanied by a permanent increase in [Ca(2+)]c. Reduction in secretion might result from changes in NFAT signaling, following altered PMCA pattern. Consequently, activation of NFAT1 and NFAT3 transcription factors was observed in PMCA2- or PMCA3-deficient cells. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that NFATs could be involved in repression of Vamp genes encoding vesicle associated membrane proteins (VAMP). CONCLUSIONS PMCA2 and PMCA3 are crucial for dopamine secretion in PC12 cells. Reduction in PMCA2 or PMCA3 led to calcium-dependent activation of calcineurin/NFAT signaling and, in consequence, to repression of the Vamp gene and deterioration of the SNARE complex formation in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Kosiorek
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (MK); (SP)
| | - Ludmila Zylinska
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zablocki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Slawomir Pikula
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (MK); (SP)
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Glutamatergic candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder: an overview. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:1081-106. [PMID: 24493018 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with early onset in childhood. Most of the risk for ASD can be explained by genetic variants that act in interaction with biological environmental risk factors. However, the architecture of the genetic components is still unclear. Genetic studies and subsequent systems biological approaches described converging functional effects of identified genes towards pathways relevant for neuronal signalling. Mouse models suggest an aberrant synaptic plasticity at the neuropathological level, which is believed to be conferred by dysregulation of long-term potentiation or depression of neuronal connections. A central pathway regulating these mechanisms is glutamatergic signalling. Here, we hypothesized that susceptibility genes for ASD are enriched for components of this pathway. To further understand the impact of ASD risk genes on the glutamatergic pathway, we performed a systematic review using the literature database "pubmed" and the "AutismKB" knowledgebase. We provide an overview of the glutamatergic system in typical brain function and development, and summarize findings from linkage, association, copy number variants, and sequencing studies in ASD to provide a comprehensive picture of the glutamatergic landscape of ASD genetics. Genetic variants associated with ASD were enriched in glutamatergic pathways, affecting receptor signalling, metabolism and transport. Furthermore, in genetically modified mouse models for ASD, pharmacological compounds acting on ionotropic or metabotropic receptor activity are able to rescue ASD reminscent phenotypes. We conclude that glutamatergic genetic risk factors for ASD show a complex pattern and further studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms, before translation of findings into clinical applications and individualized treatment approaches will be possible.
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