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Smith C, Lin X, Parker L, Yeap BB, Hayes A, Levinger I. The role of bone in energy metabolism: A focus on osteocalcin. Bone 2024; 188:117238. [PMID: 39153587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms involved in whole body glucose regulation is key for the discovery of new treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Historically, glucose regulation was largely focused on responses to insulin and glucagon. Impacts of incretin-based therapies, and importance of muscle mass, are also highly relevant. Recently, bone was recognized as an endocrine organ, with several bone proteins, known as osteokines, implicated in glucose metabolism through their effects on the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Research efforts mostly focused on osteocalcin (OC) as a leading example. This review will provide an overview on this role of bone by discussing bone turnover markers (BTMs), the receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), sclerostin (SCL) and lipocalin 2 (LCN2), with a focus on OC. Since 2007, some, but not all, research using mostly OC genetically modified animal models suggested undercarboxylated (uc) OC acts as a hormone involved in energy metabolism. Most data generated from in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models, indicate that exogenous ucOC administration improves whole-body and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism. Although data in humans are generally supportive, findings are often discordant likely due to methodological differences and observational nature of that research. Overall, evidence supports the concept that bone-derived factors are involved in energy metabolism, some having beneficial effects (ucOC, OPG) others negative (RANKL, SCL), with the role of some (LCN2, other BTMs) remaining unclear. Whether the effect of osteokines on glucose regulation is clinically significant and of therapeutic value for people with insulin resistance and T2D remains to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Smith
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuzhu Lin
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Bu B Yeap
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine - Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Footscray, VIC, Australia.
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Pan Y, Hatano A, Ohno S, Morita K, Kokaji T, Bai Y, Sugimoto H, Egami R, Terakawa A, Li D, Uematsu S, Maehara H, Fujita S, Inoue H, Inaba Y, Nagano AJ, Hirayama A, Soga T, Kuroda S. Time and dose selective glucose metabolism for glucose homeostasis and energy conversion in the liver. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:107. [PMID: 39349490 PMCID: PMC11443093 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic glucose metabolism serves dual purposes: maintaining glucose homeostasis and converting glucose into energy sources; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We quantitatively measured liver metabolites, gene expression, and phosphorylated insulin signaling molecules in mice orally administered varying doses of glucose, and constructed a transomic network. Rapid phosphorylation of insulin signaling molecules in response to glucose intake was observed, in contrast to the more gradual changes in gene expression. Glycolytic and gluconeogenic metabolites and expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism including glucose-6-phosphate, G6pc, and Pck1, demonstrated high glucose dose sensitivity. Whereas, glucokinase expression and glycogen accumulation showed low glucose dose sensitivity. During the early phase after glucose intake, metabolic flux was geared towards glucose homeostasis regardless of the glucose dose but shifted towards energy conversion during the late phase at higher glucose doses. Our research provides a comprehensive view of time- and dose-dependent selective glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Pan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hatano
- Department of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Laboratory for Integrated Cellular Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohno
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of AI Systems Medicine, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keigo Morita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kokaji
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Data Science Center, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Yunfan Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riku Egami
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Terakawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dongzi Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Uematsu
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Maehara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suguru Fujita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Inaba
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi J Nagano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, 108-8345, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kuroda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Li Y, Chen S, Liu Y, Liu P, Li S, Liu N. PI3KR1 and AKT1 in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): molecular cloning, characterization, and its involvement in the alleviation of hepatic glycogen deposition caused by insulin inclusion in vitro. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024:10.1007/s10695-024-01379-6. [PMID: 39150597 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the full-length cDNA sequences of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p85 alpha (PI3KR1) and serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) genes in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. Sequence analysis revealed that the cloned sequences of PI3KR1 and AKT1 are 4170 bp and 3672 bp in length, with open reading frames (ORFs) of 1389 bp and 1422 bp encoding 462 and 473 amino acids, respectively. Sequence alignment and evolutionary tree analysis indicated their close relationship to other teleosts, especially those with similar feeding habits. Tissue distribution demonstrated widespread distribution of both genes in various tissues, with the highest abundance in the liver. Further results found that the upregulation of the expression of p-PI3KR1, p-AKT1, p-FoxO1, and GLUT2 proteins by insulin, while suppressing the expression of the total FoxO1 protein, effectively triggers a significant activation of the PI3KR1-AKT1 insulin signaling pathway. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of the key glycolytic genes, including glucokinase (gk), pyruvate kinase (pk), and phosphofructokinase liver type (pfkl), have been enhanced evidently. In contrast, the expression of gluconeogenic genes such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (g6pc), and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase-1 (fbp1) has been notably down-regulated. In addition, insulin treatment promoted the phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase (PYGL) and the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase (GS), and the glycogen content in the insulin-treated group was remarkably reduced compared to the control group. Overall, our study indicates that the activation of PI3KR1-AKT1 insulin signaling pathway represses the hepatic glycogen deposition via the regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, which provides some new insights into nutritional strategy to effectively regulate the glucose metabolism in carnivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Li
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shiwen Chen
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs On Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs On Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs On Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- International Research Centre for Food and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-Gang Special Area, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Karimi R, Yanovich A, Elbarbry F, Cleven A. Adaptive Effects of Endocrine Hormones on Metabolism of Macronutrients during Fasting and Starvation: A Scoping Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:336. [PMID: 38921471 PMCID: PMC11205672 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Food deprivation can occur for different reasons. Fasting (<24 h duration) occurs to meet religious or well-being goals. Starvation (>1-day duration) occurs when there is intentional (hunger strike or treatment of a medical condition) or unintentional (anorexia nervosa, drought, epidemic famine, war, or natural disaster) food deprivation. A scoping review was undertaken using the PubMed database to explore 1805 abstracts and review 88 eligible full-text articles to explore the adaptive relationships that emerge between cortisol, insulin, glucagon, and thyroid hormones on the metabolic pathways of macronutrients in humans during fasting and starvation. The collected data indicate that fasting and starvation prime the human body to increase cortisol levels and decrease the insulin/glucagon ratio and triiodothyronine (T3) levels. During fasting, increased levels of cortisol and a decreased insulin/glucagon ratio enhance glycogenolysis and reduce the peripheral uptake of glucose and glycogenesis, whereas decreased T3 levels potentially reduce glycogenolysis. During starvation, increased levels of cortisol and a decreased insulin/glucagon ratio enhance lipolysis, proteolysis, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation, ketogenesis, and ureagenesis, and decreased T3 levels reduce thermogenesis. We present a potential crosstalk between T3 and the above hormones, including between T3 and leptin, to extend their adaptive roles in the metabolism of endogenous macronutrients during food deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Karimi
- Pacific University School of Pharmacy, 222 SE 8th Avenue, HPC-Ste 451, Hillsboro, OR 97123, USA; (A.Y.); (F.E.); (A.C.)
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Song X, Xu W, Li Z, Zhang X, Liu C, Han K, Chen L, Shi Y, Xu C, Han D, Luo R, Cao Y, Li Q, Yang H, Lu Q, Qin J, Wang X, Hu C, Li X. Peripheral 5-HT Mediates Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone-Induced Feeding Behavior and Energy Metabolism Disorder in Chickens via the 5-HT2C Receptor. Neuroendocrinology 2024; 114:749-774. [PMID: 38718758 DOI: 10.1159/000539238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the discovery of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), it has been found to play a critical role in reproduction in vertebrates. Recently, a regulatory role of GnIH in appetite and energy metabolism has emerged, although its precise physiological mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of a single or long-term intraperitoneal GnIH treatment on the food intake, weight, and glucolipid metabolism of chickens, as well as investigating the possible neuroendocrinology factors and mechanisms involved in GnIH-induced obesity and glucolipid metabolism disorder. RESULTS Our results show that the intraperitoneal administration of GnIH to chickens resulted in a marked body mass increase, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose intolerance. Subsequently, the results of metabolomics studies and the pharmacological inhibition of the 5-HT2C receptor revealed that blocking the 5-HT2C receptor reinforced the effects of GnIH on food intake, body weight, and blood glucose and lipid levels, resulting in even worse cases of GnIH-induced hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic lipid deposition. This suggests that, via the 5-HT2C receptor, peripheral 5-HT may act as a negative feedback regulator to interplay with GnIH and jointly control energy balance homeostasis in chickens. DISCUSSION Our present study provides evidence of cross-talk between GnIH and 5-HT in food intake and energy metabolism at the in vivo pharmacological level, and it proposes a molecular basis for these interactions, suggesting that functional interactions between GnIH and 5-HT may open new avenues for understanding the mechanism of the neuroendocrine network involved in appetite and energy metabolism, as well as providing a new therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Zixin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Kaiou Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Changlin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Dongyang Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Rongrong Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Yajie Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Huihua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Qiucheng Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Jin Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Chuanhuo Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
| | - Xun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, China
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Madorran E, Kocbek Šaherl L, Rakuša M, Munda M. In Vitro Human Liver Model for Toxicity Assessment with Clinical and Preclinical Instrumentation. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:607. [PMID: 38794269 PMCID: PMC11124512 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The existing in vitro toxicological models lack translational potential, which makes difficult the application of gathered information to clinical usage. To tackle this issue, we built a model with four different types of primary liver cells: hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. We cultured them in different combinations of composition and volumes of cell medium, hepatocyte proportions of total cells and additions of extracellular matrixes. We added rifampicin (RIF), ibuprofen (IBU) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to this model and observed the microanatomy and physiology changes for a week with preclinical and clinical instruments. Among the different model configurations, we selected the feature combination of the in vitro model that had similar biomarker values to those measured in clinical diagnostics. When we exposed the selected model configuration to RIF, IBU and 5-FU, we observed similar glucose, triglyceride and albumin dynamics as in vivo (from clinical data). Therefore, we have built an in vitro liver model that resembles the liver microenvironment, and we have analysed it with clinical instrumentation to facilitate data translation. Furthermore, during these observations, we found that Kupffer and LSEC cells are suitable candidates for the search for clinical diagnostic markers of liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Madorran
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.K.Š.); (M.R.); (M.M.)
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de Hoyos-Vega JM, Gonzalez-Suarez AM, Cedillo-Alcantar DF, Stybayeva G, Matveyenko A, Malhi H, Garcia-Cordero JL, Revzin A. Microfluidic 3D hepatic cultures integrated with a droplet-based bioanalysis unit. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115896. [PMID: 38176252 PMCID: PMC10916504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A common challenge in microfluidic cell cultures has to do with analysis of cell function without replacing a significant fraction of the culture volume and disturbing local concentration gradients of signals. To address this challenge, we developed a microfluidic cell culture device with an integrated bioanalysis unit to enable on-chip analysis of picoliter volumes of cell-conditioned media. The culture module consisted of an array of 140 microwells with a diameter of 300 m which were made low-binding to promote organization of cells into 3D spheroids. The bioanalysis module contained a droplet generator unit, 15 micromechanical valves and reservoirs loaded with reagents. Each 0.8 nL droplet contained an aliquot of conditioned media mixed with assay reagents. The use of microvalves allowed us to load enzymatic assay and immunoassay into sequentially generated droplets for detection of glucose and albumin, respectively. As a biological application of the microfluidic device, we evaluated hormonal stimulation and glucose consumption of hepatic spheroids. To mimic physiological processes occurring during feeding and fasting, hepatic spheroids were exposed to pancreatic hormones, insulin or glucagon. The droplet-based bioanalysis module was used to measure uptake or release of glucose upon hormonal stimulation. In the future, we intend to use this microfluidic device to mimic and measure pathophysiological processes associated with hepatic insulin resistance and diabetes in the context of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M de Hoyos-Vega
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Diana F Cedillo-Alcantar
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aleksey Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, MN, USA
| | - Jose L Garcia-Cordero
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Massemin A, Goehrig D, Flaman J, Jaber S, Griveau A, Djebali S, Marcos E, Payen L, Marvel J, Parent R, Adnot S, Bertolino P, Rieusset J, Tortereau A, Vindrieux D, Bernard D. Loss of Pla2r1 decreases cellular senescence and age-related alterations caused by aging and Western diets. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13971. [PMID: 37667516 PMCID: PMC10652324 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is induced by many stresses including telomere shortening, DNA damage, oxidative, or metabolic stresses. Senescent cells are stably cell cycle arrested and they secrete many factors including cytokines and chemokines. Accumulation of senescent cells promotes many age-related alterations and diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of the pro-senescent phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) in regulating some age-related alterations in old mice and in mice subjected to a Western diet, whereas aged wild-type mice displayed a decreased ability to regulate their glycemia during glucose and insulin tolerance tests, aged Pla2r1 knockout (KO) mice efficiently regulated their glycemia and displayed fewer signs of aging. Loss of Pla2r1 was also found protective against the deleterious effects of a Western diet. Moreover, these Pla2r1 KO mice were partially protected from diet-induced senescent cell accumulation, steatosis, and fibrosis. Together these results support that Pla2r1 drives several age-related alterations, especially in the liver, arising during aging or through a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Massemin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Delphine Goehrig
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Jean‐Michel Flaman
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Sara Jaber
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Audrey Griveau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Sophia Djebali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de LyonUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Elisabeth Marcos
- INSERM U955, Département de Physiologie ‐ Explorations fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri MondorAP‐HP, FHU SENECCréteilFrance
| | - Léa Payen
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Lyon SudHospices Civils de LyonPierre BéniteFrance
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de LyonUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Romain Parent
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Serge Adnot
- INSERM U955, Département de Physiologie ‐ Explorations fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri MondorAP‐HP, FHU SENECCréteilFrance
| | - Philippe Bertolino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397Lyon 1 UniversityPierre béniteFrance
| | - Antonin Tortereau
- VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellules Environnement (ICE)Université de LyonMarcy l'EtoileFrance
| | - David Vindrieux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - David Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
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9
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Granados AA, Bucher S, Song H, Agrawal A, Chen AT, Peng T, Neff N, Pisco AO, Huang F, Wang B. Single-nuclei characterization of pervasive transcriptional signatures across organs in response to COVID-19. eLife 2023; 12:e81090. [PMID: 37830426 PMCID: PMC10575628 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infection by coronavirus SARS-CoV2 is a severe and often deadly disease that has implications for the respiratory system and multiple organs across the human body. While the effects in the lung have been extensively studied, less is known about the impact COVID-19 has across other organs. Methods Here, we contribute a single-nuclei RNA-sequencing atlas comprising six human organs across 20 autopsies where we analyzed the transcriptional changes due to COVID-19 in multiple cell types. The integration of data from multiple organs enabled the identification of systemic transcriptional changes. Results Computational cross-organ analysis for endothelial cells and macrophages identified systemic transcriptional changes in these cell types in COVID-19 samples. In addition, analysis of gene modules showed enrichment of specific signaling pathways across multiple organs in COVID-19 autopsies. Conclusions Altogether, the COVID Tissue Atlas enables the investigation of both cell type-specific and cross-organ transcriptional responses to COVID-19, providing insights into the molecular networks affected by the disease and highlighting novel potential targets for therapies and drug development. Funding The Chan-Zuckerberg Initiative, The Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Bucher
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Hanbing Song
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | | | | | - Tien Peng
- Yale UniversityNew HavenUnited States
| | - Norma Neff
- Chan-Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Franklin Huang
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Bruce Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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10
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Liu J, Wang X, Zhu Y, Deng H, Huang X, Jayavanth P, Xiao Y, Wu J, Jiao R. Theabrownin from Dark Tea Ameliorates Insulin Resistance via Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Modulating IRS-1/PI3K/Akt Pathway in HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2023; 15:3862. [PMID: 37764646 PMCID: PMC10536292 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dark tea has great potential in regulating glycolipid metabolism, and theabrownin (TB) is considered to be the characteristic and bioactive constituent of dark tea. This study evaluated the ability of TB1 (fermented for 7 days) and TB2 (fermented for 14 days) isolated from dark tea to reverse insulin resistance (IR) in HepG2 cells. The results indicated that TB significantly ameliorated oxidative stress by improving mitochondrial function. In addition, TB improved glycogen synthesis and glucose consumption, and inhibited gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis, by regulating GSK3β (Glycogen synthase kinase 3β), G6Pase (Glucose-6-phosphatase), GCK (Glucokinase), PEPCK1 (Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase 1), SREBP-1C (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1C), FASN (fatty acid synthase), and ACC (Acetyl-CoA carboxylase). Additionally, the results of Western blot and real-time PCR experiments demonstrated that TB modulated glucolipid metabolism through the IRS-1 (Insulin receptor substrate 1)/PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase)/Akt (protein kinase B) signaling pathway. Treatment with the PI3K inhibitor demonstrated a favorable correlation between PI3K activation and TB action on glycolipid metabolism. Notably, we observed that TB2 had a greater effect on improving insulin resistance compared with TB1, which, due to its prolonged fermentation time, increased the degree of oxidative polymerization of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.D.); (X.H.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, China; (X.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuanqin Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.D.); (X.H.)
| | - Huilin Deng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.D.); (X.H.)
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.D.); (X.H.)
| | - Pallavi Jayavanth
- International School, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Road, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, China;
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, China; (X.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.D.); (X.H.)
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11
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Zhang Q, Song S, Jiang R, Zhang J, Na L. Protective effect of manganese treatment on insulin resistance in HepG2 hepatocytes. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:746-754. [PMID: 37409718 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objectives: manganese (Mn) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR), but the exact mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects and mechanism of Mn on IR using hepatocyte IR model induced by high palmitate (PA), high glucose (HG) or insulin. Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to PA (200 μM), HG (25 mM) or insulin (100 nM) respectively, alone or with 5 μM Mn for 24 hours. The expression of key proteins in insulin signaling pathway, intracellular glycogen content and glucose accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity were detected. Results: compared with control group, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the three IR groups was declined, and this decrease was reversed by Mn. The reduction of intracellular glycogen content and increase in glucose accumulation in IR groups were also inhibited by Mn. Additionally, the production of ROS was increased in IR models, compared with normal control group, while Mn reduced the excessive production of ROS induced by PA, HG or insulin. However, Mn did not alter the activity of MnSOD in the three IR models. Conclusion: this study demonstrated that Mn treatment can improve IR in hepatocytes. The mechanism is probably by reducing the level of intracellular oxidative stress, enhancing the activity of Akt/GSK-3β/FOXO1 signal pathway, promoting glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shili Song
- Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ruyue Jiang
- Publich Health College. Harbin Medical University
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
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12
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Kondashevskaya MV, Mikhaleva LM, Artem’yeva KA, Aleksankina VV, Areshidze DA, Kozlova MA, Pashkov AA, Manukhina EB, Downey HF, Tseilikman OB, Yegorov ON, Zhukov MS, Fedotova JO, Karpenko MN, Tseilikman VE. Unveiling the Link: Exploring Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Probable Mechanism of Hepatic Damage in Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13012. [PMID: 37629192 PMCID: PMC10455150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PTSD is associated with disturbed hepatic morphology and metabolism. Neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a subcellular determinant of PTSD, but a link between hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatic damage in PTSD has not been demonstrated. Thus, the effects of experimental PTSD on the livers of high anxiety (HA) and low anxiety (LA) rats were compared, and mitochondrial determinants underlying the difference in their hepatic damage were investigated. Rats were exposed to predator stress for 10 days. Then, 14 days post-stress, the rats were evaluated with an elevated plus maze and assigned to HA and LA groups according to their anxiety index. Experimental PTSD caused dystrophic changes in hepatocytes of HA rats and hepatocellular damage evident by increased plasma ALT and AST activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evident as a predominance of small-size mitochondria in HA rats, which was positively correlated with anxiety index, activities of plasma transaminases, hepatic lipids, and negatively correlated with hepatic glycogen. In contrast, LA rats had a predominance of medium-sized mitochondria. Thus, we show links between mitochondrial dysfunction, hepatic damage, and heightened anxiety in PTSD rats. These results will provide a foundation for future research on the role of hepatic dysfunction in PTSD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. Kondashevskaya
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Lyudmila M. Mikhaleva
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Kseniya A. Artem’yeva
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Valentina V. Aleksankina
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - David A. Areshidze
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Maria A. Kozlova
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Anton A. Pashkov
- Scientific and Educational Center ‘Biomedical Technologies’, School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
- Federal Neurosurgical Center, Novosibirsk 630048, Russia
| | - Eugenia B. Manukhina
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - H. Fred Downey
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Olga B. Tseilikman
- Scientific and Educational Center ‘Biomedical Technologies’, School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Oleg N. Yegorov
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Zhukov
- A.P. Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, B.V. Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow 119991, Russia (L.M.M.)
| | - Julia O. Fedotova
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Marina N. Karpenko
- Department of Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Vadim E. Tseilikman
- Scientific and Educational Center ‘Biomedical Technologies’, School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russia
- Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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13
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Sharma A, Anand SK, Singh N, Dwivedi UN, Kakkar P. AMP-activated protein kinase: An energy sensor and survival mechanism in the reinstatement of metabolic homeostasis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 428:113614. [PMID: 37127064 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells are programmed to favorably respond towards the nutrient availability by adapting their metabolism to meet energy demands. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved serine/threonine energy-sensing kinase. It gets activated upon a decrease in the cellular energy status as reflected by an increased AMP/ATP ratio, ADP, and also during the conditions of glucose starvation without change in the adenine nucelotide ratio. AMPK functions as a centralized regulator of metabolism, acting at cellular and physiological levels to circumvent the metabolic stress by restoring energy balance. This review intricately highlights the integrated signaling pathways by which AMPK gets activated allosterically or by multiple non-canonical upstream kinases. AMPK activates the ATP generating processes (e.g., fatty acid oxidation) and inhibits the ATP consuming processes that are non-critical for survival (e.g., cell proliferation, protein and triglyceride synthesis). An integrated signaling network with AMPK as the central effector regulates all the aspects of enhanced stress resistance, qualified cellular housekeeping, and energy metabolic homeostasis. Importantly, the AMPK mediated amelioration of cellular stress and inflammatory responses are mediated by stimulation of transcription factors such as Nrf2, SIRT1, FoxO and inhibition of NF-κB serving as main downstream effectors. Moreover, many lines of evidence have demonstrated that AMPK controls autophagy through mTOR and ULK1 signaling to fine-tune the metabolic pathways in response to different cellular signals. This review also highlights the critical involvement of AMPK in promoting mitochondrial health, and homeostasis, including mitophagy. Loss of AMPK or ULK1 activity leads to aberrant accumulation of autophagy-related proteins and defective mitophagy thus, connecting cellular energy sensing to autophagy and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India; Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Post Office Mati, Lucknow, 226002, India.
| | - Sumit Kr Anand
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Department of Pathology, LSU Health, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
| | - Neha Singh
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | | | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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14
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Tang C, Bao T, Zhang Q, Qi H, Huang Y, Zhang B, Zhao L, Tong X. Clinical potential and mechanistic insights of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focusing on gut microbiota, inflammation, and metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116143. [PMID: 36632855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Natural herbs are gradually gaining recognition for their efficacy and safety in preventing diabetes and improving quality of life. Morus alba L. is a plant widely grown in Asia and is a traditional Chinese herb with a long history of use. Furthermore, several parts of Morus alba L. have been found to have significant health benefits. In particular, mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves (ML) have been shown in human and animal studies to be promising hypoglycemic agents that can reduce or prevent glucolipid metabolism disorders caused by imbalances in the gut microbiota, inflammation, and oxidative stress and have demonstrated significant improvements in glucose metabolism-related markers, effectively lowering blood glucose, and reducing hyperglycemia-induced target organ damage. AIM OF THE STUDY This review briefly summarizes the methods for obtaining ML's bioactive components, elaborates on the clinical potential of the relevant components in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and focuses on the therapeutic mechanisms of gut microbiota, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolism, to provide more inspiration and directions for future research in the field of traditional natural plants for the management of T2DM and its complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research on ML and its bioactive components was mainly performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceNet, to ensure the review's quality. In addition, master's and doctoral theses and ancient documents were consulted. RESULTS In clinical studies, we found that ML could effectively reduce blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in T2DM patients. Furthermore, many in vitro and in vivo experiments have found that ML is involved in various pathways that regulate glucolipid metabolism and resist diabetes while alleviating liver and kidney damage. CONCLUSIONS As a potential natural anti-diabetic phytomedicine, an in-depth study of ML can provide new ideas and valuable references for applying traditional Chinese medicine to treat T2DM. While continuously exploring its clinical efficacy and therapeutic mechanism, the extraction method should be optimized to improve the efficacy of the bioactive components. in addition, further research on the dose-response relationship of drugs to determine the effective dose range is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang' Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hongyu Qi
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China; Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Changchun, China; Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yishan Huang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang' Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boxun Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang' Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang' Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China; Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang' Anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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15
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Garg R, Katekar R, Parwez S, Agarwal A, Sahu S, Dadge S, Verma S, Goand UK, Siddiqi MI, Gayen JR. Pancreastatin inhibitor PSTi8 ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetes by suppressing hepatic glucose production. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175559. [PMID: 36764353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Elevated plasma glucose concentration, as a consequence of excessive hepatic glucose production, plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes. A chromogranin A-derived diabetogenic peptide Pancreastatin (PST) enhances hepatic glucose output leading to diabetes. Therefore, here we probed the role of PSTi8, a PST inhibitor in ameliorating diabetes by investigating the effect of high glucose (HG) or PST on glucose metabolism. Further, we also explored the action mechanism of the underlying anti-hyperglycemic effect of PSTi8. PSTi8 treatment rescue cultured L6 and HepG2 cells from HG and PST-induced insulin resistance, respectively. It also enhances insulin receptor kinase activity by interacting with the insulin receptor and enhancing GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake. Thus, our in-silico and in-vitro data support the PST-dependent and independent activity of PSTi8. Additionally, PSTi8 treatment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats improved glucose tolerance by lowering blood glucose and plasma PST levels. Concomitantly, the treated animals exhibited reduced hepatic glucose production accompanied by downregulation of hepatic gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and G6Pase. PSTi8-treated rats also exhibited enhanced hepatic glycogen in line with reduced plasma glucagon concentrations. Consistently, improved plasma insulin levels in PSTi8-treated rats enhanced skeletal muscle glucose disposal via enhanced P-Akt expression. In summary, these findings suggest PSTi8 has anti-hyperglycemic properties with enhanced skeletal muscle glucose disposal and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis both PST dependent as well as independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Garg
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Roshan Katekar
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shahid Parwez
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arun Agarwal
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | | | - Saurabh Verma
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Umesh K Goand
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics, India; Pharmacology Division, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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16
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Luo W, Li L, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Xiong Y, Guo Z, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Chen P, Wang Y, Du Z. Study on the Hyperglycemic Effect of GLP-1 in Spinibarbus denticulatus by Oral Administration and Intraperitoneal Injection Methods. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:9969406. [PMID: 37051050 PMCID: PMC10085660 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9969406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), one of the expression products of the proglucagon (pg) gene, is an incretin mainly secreted by the gastrointestinal system. In mammals, GLP-1 has hypoglycemic and food-inhibiting effects; while in some fish species, it has been confirmed to increase blood glucose by promoting gluconeogenesis and stimulating glycogenolysis. In order to more deeply understand the role of GLP-1 in the process of glycometabolism in herbivorous fish, the pg gene was cloned from Spinibarbus denticulatus to obtain its sequence characteristics, and the changes in blood glucose level and pg gene expression in S. denticulatus were further explored by feeding with three kinds of carbohydrates and intraperitoneal injection of GLP-1. Basal and temporal blood glucose levels and pg gene expression of S. denticulatus (91.68 ± 10.79 g) were measured at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 12 h after oral administration (n = 4). Then, the changes of blood glucose levels and pg and glucokinase (gk) gene expressions of S. denticulatus (94.29 ± 10.82 g) were determined at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after intraperitoneal injection (n = 4). It was shown that polysaccharides could induce the upregulation of pg gene expression faster than monosaccharides and stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 in the intestine. Intraperitoneal injection of GLP-1 peptide rapidly raised blood glucose levels, and pg gene expression in the anterior intestine, whole brain, and hepatopancreas decreased continuously after 30 minutes. These results showed that S. denticulatus might inhibit the excessive accumulation of blood glucose by reducing the expression of the pg gene and increasing the expression of gk gene in a short time. It was speculated that GLP-1 of S. denticulatus might have a "gut-brain-liver" pathway similar to mammals in glycemia regulation. Therefore, this study provided a novel perspective for explaining the functional differences of GLP-1 in herbivorous fish and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Luojia Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinlin Xiong
- The Original Stock Farm of Leiocassis longirostris of Sichuan Province, Chongzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhonggang Guo
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Chongzhou, Chongzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongjun Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Saedi S, Watson SE, Young JL, Tan Y, Wintergerst KA, Cai L. Does maternal low-dose cadmium exposure increase the risk of offspring to develop metabolic syndrome and/or type 2 diabetes? Life Sci 2023; 315:121385. [PMID: 36634865 PMCID: PMC9912173 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a hazardous metal with multiple organ toxicity that causes great harm to human health. Cadmium enters the human body through occupational exposure, diet, drinking water, breathing, and smoking. Cadmium accumulation in the human body is associated with increased risk of developing obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cadmium uptake is enhanced during pregnancy and can cross the placenta affecting placental development and function. Subsequently, cadmium can pass to fetus, gathering in multiple organs such as the liver and pancreas. Early-life cadmium exposure can induce hepatic oxidative stress and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, resulting in insulin resistance and glucose metabolic dyshomeostasis in the offspring. Prenatal exposure to cadmium is also associated with increasing epigenetic effects on the offspring's multi-organ functions. However, whether and how maternal exposure to low-dose cadmium impacts the risks of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the young and/or adult offspring remains unclear. This review collected available data to address the current evidence for the potential role of cadmium exposure, leading to insulin resistance and the development of T2D in offspring. However, this review reveals that underlying mechanisms linking prenatal cadmium exposure during pregnancy with T2D in offspring remain to be adequately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Saedi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara E Watson
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jamie L Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yi Tan
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Institute, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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18
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Song X, Liu H, Jin J, Han D, Zhu X, Yang Y, Xie S. Data Mining Evidences Variabilities in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism among Fish Strains: A Case Study on Three Genotypes of Gibel Carp Fed by Different Carbohydrate Sources. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:7589827. [PMID: 36860980 PMCID: PMC9973145 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7589827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the application of common carbohydrate sources, cornstarch (CS), wheat starch (WS), and wheat flour (WF), to different gibel carp genotypes, Dongting, CASIII, and CASV. The results of the growth and physical responses were analysed by data visualization and unsupervised machine learning. As revealed by a self-organizing map (SOM) and the cluster of growth and biochemical indicators, CASV had superior growth and feed utilization and better regulation of postprandial glucose, followed by CASIII, while Dongting showed a high level of plasma glucose with poor growth performance. CS, WS, and WF were differently utilized by the gibel carp, and WF was associated with greater zootechnical performance based on higher specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE), protein retention efficiency (PRE), and lipid retention efficiency (LRE), induced hepatic lipogenesis, increased liver lipids, and enhanced muscle glycogen. Spearman's correlation analysis of the physiological responses indicated that plasma glucose had a significantly negative correlation with growth, feed utilization, glycogen storage, and plasma cholesterol level, and it was positively related to liver fat content in gibel carp. Transcriptional variabilities were observed: CASIII showed increased expression of pklr, which is involved in hepatic glycolysis, and pck and g6p, which are involved in gluconeogenesis. Interestingly, Dongting showed upregulation of genes involved in glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation in muscle. Furthermore, there were numerous interactions between carbohydrate sources and strains for growth, metabolites, and transcriptional control, confirming the existence of genetic polymorphisms in carbohydrate use in gibel carp. Globally, CASV showed relatively better growth and carbohydrate utilization, and wheat flour seemed to be more efficiently utilized by gibel carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haokun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yunxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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19
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Burraco P, Salla RF, Orizaola G. Exposure to ionizing radiation and liver histopathology in the tree frogs of Chornobyl (Ukraine). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137753. [PMID: 36608893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation has the potential to damage organic molecules and decrease the health and survival of wildlife. The accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Plant (Ukraine, 1986) led to the largest release of radioactive material to the environment. Among the different organs of a vertebrate, the liver plays a crucial role in detoxification processes, and has been used as a biomarker to investigate cellular damage in ecotoxicological research. Here, we examined the impact of the exposure to the current levels of ionizing radiation present in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone on the liver of Eastern tree frogs (Hyla orientalis). We quantified the area of melanomacrophage cells and morphological variables of hepatocytes, two cell types often used to estimate damage caused by pollutants in vertebrates. First, we investigated whether these hepatic parameters were indicative of frog (individual) condition. Then, we analyzed the effect of individual absorbed dose rates and ambient radiation levels on frog livers. Most of the studied parameters were correlated with individual body condition (a good predictor of amphibian fitness and survival). We did not detect marked morphological lesions in the liver of frogs captured in medium-high radiation environments. The area occupied by melanomacrophages and the morphology of hepatocytes did not change across a gradient of radiocontamination covering two orders of magnitude. Once accounting for body condition and sampling locality, the area of melanomacrophages was lower in areas with high radiation levels. Finally, the area occupied by melanomacrophages was not linked to dorsal skin coloration. Our results indicate that current levels of radiation experienced by tree frogs in Chornobyl do not cause histopathological damage in their liver. These results agree with previous physiological work in the species in the Chornobyl area, and encourage further molecular and physiological research to fully disentangle the current impact of the Chornobyl accident on wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Burraco
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden; Doñana Biological Station, Spanish Research Council (EBD-CSIC), 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, 74605-050, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Germán Orizaola
- IMIB-Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ. Oviedo-CSIC-Princip. Asturias), University of Oviedo, 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain; Zoology Unit, Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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20
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Lin MW, Yu XR, Chen JY, Wei YS, Chen HY, Tsai YT, Lin LH, Liao EC, Kung HY, Young SS, Chan HL, Chou HC. Sediment pollutant exposures caused hepatotoxicity and disturbed glycogenesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114559. [PMID: 36669277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liver metabolic syndrome, which involves impaired hepatic glycogen synthesis, is persistently increased by exposure to environmental pollutants. Most studies have investigated the pathogenesis of liver damage caused by single metal species or pure organics. However, under normal circumstances, the pollutants that we are exposed to are usually chemical mixtures that accumulate over time. Sediments are long-term repositories for environmental pollutants due to their environmental cycles, which make them good samples for evaluating the effect of environmental pollutants on the liver via bioaccumulation. This study aimed to clarify the effects of sediment pollutants on liver damage. Our results indicate that industrial wastewater sediment (downstream) is more cytotoxic than sediments from other zones. Downstream sediment extract (DSE) causes hepatotoxicity, stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, induces cell apoptosis, and results in the release of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) proteins. Additionally, to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which sediment pollutants disturb hepatic glycogen synthesis, we investigated the effects of different sediment samples from different pollution situations on glycogen synthesis in liver cell lines. It was found that DSE induced multiple severe impairments in liver cells, and disturbed glycogen synthesis more than under other conditions. These impairments include decreased hepatic glycogen synthesis via inhibition and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) /AKT /glycogen synthase kinase3β (GSK3β)-mediated glycogen synthase (GYS) inactivation. To our knowledge, this study provides the first detailed evidence of in vitro sediment-accumulated toxicity that interferes with liver glycogen synthesis, leading to hepatic cell damage through apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wei Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Ru Yu
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Yu Chen
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wei
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsun Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - En-Chi Liao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Kung
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shuh-Sen Young
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chou
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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21
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Chen L, Jiang Q, Lu H, Jiang C, Hu W, Yu S, Xiang X, Tan CP, Feng Y, Zhang J, Li M, Shen G. Antidiabetic effect of sciadonic acid on type 2 diabetic mice through activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and altering intestinal flora. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1053348. [PMID: 36618687 PMCID: PMC9816573 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of sciadonic acid (SA) on disorders of glucolipid metabolism and intestinal flora imbalance and to further investigate its potential molecular mechanism of anti-diabetes. The experimental data indicated that SA could alleviate hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, repair liver function damage, and promote glycogen synthesis caused by T2DM. SA could also activate the PI3K/AKT/GLUT-2 signaling pathway, promote glucose metabolism gene expression, and maintain glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA analysis revealed that SA could reduce the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio; promote norank_f__Muribaculaceae, Allobaculum, Akkermansia, and Eubacterium_siraeum_group proliferation; increase the levels of major short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid; and maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal flora. In conclusion, these results suggested that SA could reshape the structural composition of intestinal microbes, activate the PI3K/AKT/GLUT2 pathway, improve insulin resistance, and decrease blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qihong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongling Lu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenkai Jiang
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaofang Yu
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingwei Xiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia,Xujing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongcai Feng
- Xujing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfang Zhang
- Xujing (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingqian Li
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Mingqian Li,
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Institute of Sericultural and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Guoxin Shen,
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22
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Lei HQ, Li DM, Woo MW, Zeng XA, Han Z, Wang RY. The antihyperglycemic effect of pulsed electric field-extracted polysaccharide of Kaempferia elegans officinale on streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1053811. [PMID: 36570142 PMCID: PMC9769402 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferia elegans polysaccharide (KEP) was extracted using a high-voltage pulsed electric field-assisted hot water method. Its physicochemical properties, in vitro activity and hypoglycemic effect was investigated. Experiments were undertaken with diabetic mice models and the potential mechanism of KEP to improve blood glucose levels was unveiled through measurements of relevant indicators in the serum and liver of the mice. Results showed that KEP is mainly composed of glucose, rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose. It has certain DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability and good α-glucosidase inhibitory ability, indicating that KEP has the potential to improve blood glucose levels in diabetes patients. The experimental results of KEP treatment on mice showed that KEP could control the continuous increase of fasting blood glucose levels. The potential mechanisms behind this blood glucose level control composes of (1) increasing the glucokinase and C peptide levels and decreasing Glucose-6-phosphatase content for improving key enzyme activity in the glucose metabolism pathway. This promotes the consumption of blood glucose during glycolysis, thereby inhibiting the production of endogenous glucose in gluconeogenesis pathway; (2) reducing triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol content, for regulating blood lipid indicators to normal levels; and (3) by improving the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase for further improving the antioxidant defense system in the body to reduce blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Qing Lei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Wai Woo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China,Preparatory Office of Yangjiang Applied Undergraduate College, Yangjiang, China
| | - Zhong Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,Preparatory Office of Yangjiang Applied Undergraduate College, Yangjiang, China,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China,*Correspondence: Zhong Han,
| | - Ruo-Yong Wang
- Air Force Medical Center People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, China,Ruo-Yong Wang,
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23
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Park JE, Han JS. HM-chromanone reverses the blockade of insulin signaling induced by high glucose levels in human HepG2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 937:175358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Chen L, Zhang X, Song X, Han D, Han K, Xu W, Luo R, Cao Y, Shi Y, Liu C, Xu C, Li Z, Li Y, Li X. Peripheral Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone (GnIH) Acting as a Novel Modulator Involved in Hyperphagia-Induced Obesity and Associated Disorders of Metabolism in an In Vivo Female Piglet Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213956. [PMID: 36430435 PMCID: PMC9692342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from the well-established role of the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in the regulation of the reproductive functions, much less is known about the peripheral role of the GnIH and its receptor in the metabolic processes. On account of pig being an excellent model for studies of food intake and obesity in humans, we investigated the peripheral effects of the GnIH on food intake and energy homeostasis and revealed the underlying mechanism(s) in female piglets in vivo. Compared to the vehicle-treated group, intraperitoneally injected GnIH significantly increased the food intake and altered the meal microstructure both in the fasting and ad libitum female piglet. GnIH-triggered hyperphagia induced female piglet obesity and altered islet hormone secretion in the pancreas, accompanied with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. Interestingly, GnIH decreased the glucose transport capacity and glycogen synthesis, whereas it increased the gluconeogenesis in the liver, while it also induced an insulin resistance in white adipose tissue (WAT) via inhibiting the activity of AKT-GSK3-β signaling. In terms of the lipid metabolism, GnIH reduced the oxidation of fatty acids, whereas the elevated fat synthesis ability in the liver and WAT was developed though the inhibited AMPK phosphorylation. Our findings demonstrate that peripheral GnIH could trigger hyperphagia-induced obesity and an associated glycolipid metabolism disorder in female piglets, suggesting that GnIH may act as a potential therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xingxing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dongyang Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kaiou Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wenhao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Rongrong Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yajie Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Changlin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zixin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yinan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(07)-7132-35635
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25
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Lü Z, Liu Y, Yan J, Zhang Y, Gong L, Liu B, Liu J, Xu Z, Liu L. Insulin-like Peptide Receptor (ILPR) in the Cuttlefish Sepiella japonica: Characterization, Expression, and Regulation of Reproduction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12903. [PMID: 36361695 PMCID: PMC9654127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like peptide receptor (ILPR) can effectively regulate ovarian development in invertebrates, but its effect in cuttlefish has not been reported. We isolated and characterized a ILPR gene from Sepiella japonica, referred to as SjILPR. This gene displayed significant homologies to Octopus bimaculoides ILPR, and contained all typical features of insulin receptors and tyrosine kinase domain structure. SjILPR is expressed in all detected tissues, with the highest expression in the ovary. During ovarian development stages, its expression levels in the ovary, pancreas, and liver were correlated to the female reproductive cycle. After the silencing of SjILPR in vivo, comparative transcriptome analysis identified 4314 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the injected group, including 2586 down-regulated genes and 1728 up-regulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that 832 DEGs were assigned to 222 pathways, many pathways of which were related to gonadal development. Four down-regulated genes relevant to ovarian development (Vitellogenin 1, Vitellogenin 2, Cathepsin L1-like, and Follistatin) were selected to confirm the accuracy of RNA-seq data by qRT-PCR. These results showed that SjILPR might regulate ovarian development to control reproduction by affecting the expression of the relevant genes in female S. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenming Lü
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yantao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Li Gong
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Bingjian Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Zhijin Xu
- Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Liqin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
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26
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Stork BA, Dean A, Ortiz AR, Saha P, Putluri N, Planas-Silva MD, Mahmud I, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Knapp S, Lorenzi PL, Kemp BE, Turk BE, Scott JW, Means AR, York B. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 regulates hepatic fuel metabolism. Mol Metab 2022; 62:101513. [PMID: 35562082 PMCID: PMC9157561 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The liver is the primary internal metabolic organ that coordinates whole body energy homeostasis in response to feeding and fasting. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been shown to significantly improve hepatic health and peripheral insulin sensitivity upon overnutrition with high fat diet. However, the precise molecular underpinnings that explain this metabolic protection have remained largely undefined. METHODS To characterize the role of CaMKK2 in hepatic metabolism, we developed and challenged liver-specific CaMKK2 knockout (CaMKK2LKO) mice with high fat diet and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests to evaluate peripheral insulin sensitivity. We used a combination of RNA-Sequencing, glucose and fatty acid istotopic tracer studies, a newly developed Seahorse assay for measuring the oxidative capacity of purified peroxisomes, and a degenerate peptide libarary to identify putative CaMKK2 substrates that mechanistically explain the protective effects of hepatic CaMKK2 ablation. RESULTS Consistent with previous findings, we show that hepatic CaMKK2 ablation significantly improves indices of peripheral insulin sensitivity. Mechanistically, we found that CaMKK2 phosphorylates and regulates GAPDH to promote glucose metabolism and PEX3 to blunt peroxisomal fatty acid catabolism in the liver. CONCLUSION CaMKK2 is a central metabolic fuel sensor in the liver that significantly contributes to whole body systems metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Stork
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adam Dean
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andrea R Ortiz
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pradip Saha
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - John W Scott
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Anthony R Means
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brian York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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27
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Ding Q, Lu C, Hao Q, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Olsen RE, Ringo E, Ran C, Zhang Z, Zhou Z. Dietary Succinate Impacts the Nutritional Metabolism, Protein Succinylation and Gut Microbiota of Zebrafish. Front Nutr 2022; 9:894278. [PMID: 35685883 PMCID: PMC9171437 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate is widely used in the food and feed industry as an acidulant, flavoring additive, and antimicrobial agent. This study investigated the effects of dietary succinate on growth, energy budget, nutritional metabolism, protein succinylation, and gut microbiota composition of zebrafish. Zebrafish were fed a control-check (0% succinate) or four succinate-supplemented diets (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.2%) for 4 weeks. The results showed that dietary succinate at the 0.15% additive amount (S0.15) can optimally promote weight gain and feed intake. Whole body protein, fat, and energy deposition increased in the S0.15 group. Fasting plasma glucose level decreased in fish fed the S0.15 diet, along with improved glucose tolerance. Lipid synthesis in the intestine, liver, and muscle increased with S0.15 feeding. Diet with 0.15% succinate inhibited intestinal gluconeogenesis but promoted hepatic gluconeogenesis. Glycogen synthesis increased in the liver and muscle of S0.15-fed fish. Glycolysis was increased in the muscle of S0.15-fed fish. In addition, 0.15% succinate-supplemented diet inhibited protein degradation in the intestine, liver, and muscle. Interestingly, different protein succinylation patterns in the intestine and liver were observed in fish fed the S0.15 diet. Intestinal proteins with increased succinylation levels were enriched in the tricarboxylic acid cycle while proteins with decreased succinylation levels were enriched in pathways related to fatty acid and amino acid degradation. Hepatic proteins with increased succinylation levels were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation while proteins with decreased succinylation levels were enriched in the processes of protein processing and transport in the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, fish fed the S0.15 diet had a higher abundance of Proteobacteria but a lower abundance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium. In conclusion, dietary succinate could promote growth and feed intake, promote lipid anabolism, improve glucose homeostasis, and spare protein. The effects of succinate on nutritional metabolism are associated with alterations in the levels of metabolic intermediates, transcriptional regulation, and protein succinylation levels. However, hepatic fat accumulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by dietary succinate suggest potential risks of succinate application as a feed additive for fish. This study would be beneficial in understanding the application of succinate as an aquatic feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Ding
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chenyao Lu
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshuang Zhang
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rolf Erik Olsen
- Norway-China Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Einar Ringo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zhang,
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Zhigang Zhou,
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28
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Role of C-Reactive Protein in Diabetic Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:3706508. [PMID: 35620114 PMCID: PMC9129992 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3706508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a worldwide chronic health issue that affects about 462 million people, specific underlying determinants of insulin resistance (IR) and impaired insulin secretion are still unknown. There is growing evidence that chronic subclinical inflammation is a triggering factor in the origin of T2DM. Increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been linked to excess body weight since adipocytes produce tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), which are pivotal factors for CRP stimulation. Furthermore, it is known that hepatocytes produce relatively low rates of CRP in physiological conditions compared to T2DM patients, in which elevated levels of inflammatory markers are reported, including CRP. CRP also participates in endothelial dysfunction, the production of vasodilators, and vascular remodeling, and increased CRP level is closely associated with vascular system pathology and metabolic syndrome. In addition, insulin-based therapies may alter CRP levels in T2DM. Therefore, determining and clarifying the underlying CRP mechanism of T2DM is imperative for novel preventive and diagnostic procedures. Overall, CRP is one of the possible targets for T2DM progression and understanding the connection between insulin and inflammation may be helpful in clinical treatment and prevention approaches.
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29
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Ye X, Chen W, Tu P, Jia R, Liu Y, Tang Q, Chen C, Yang C, Zheng X, Chu Q. Antihyperglycemic effect of an anthocyanin, cyanidin-3- O-glucoside, is achieved by regulating GLUT-1 via the Wnt/β-catenin-WISP1 signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:4612-4623. [PMID: 35357376 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), an essential representative of anthocyanins, has been proved to possess a myriad of biological activities. However, the effects of C3G on glucose metabolism and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic impact of C3G on db/db mice and to determine whether its consequent anti-diabetic effects were related to glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) by in vivo and in vitro studies. As a result, through diabetic db/db mice, C3G treatment was found to significantly reduce the fasting blood glucose level and increase glycogen synthesis, which were associated with upregulation of GLUT-1 expression in the liver of the mice. In addition, in liver cells of the HepG2 and L02 lines, we further discovered that C3G could effectively promote glucose consumption by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin-WISP1 signaling pathway. Nevertheless, such effects would be restricted when the expression of GLUT-1 was blocked by the inhibitor IWR-1. Meanwhile, molecular docking technology was applied to simulate the possible action sites of C3G at the molecular level, and the results indicated that C3G might bind to β-catenin. In conclusion, our study provided evidence of the antihyperglycemic effect of C3G in vivo and in vitro via regulating GLUT-1 expression and the related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chuan Chen
- Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou, 310007, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Yang
- Hangzhou Qiandaohu Lingshanghuakai Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311701, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qiang Chu
- Tea Research Institute, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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30
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Bulboacă AE, Porfire AS, Rus V, Nicula CA, Bulboacă CA, Bolboacă SD. Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:412. [PMID: 35204293 PMCID: PMC8869534 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412&set/a 900137139+983262882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina Silvia Porfire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Vasile Rus
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400375 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristina Ariadna Nicula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Corneliu Angelo Bulboacă
- Department of Neurology and Pediatric Neurology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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31
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Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020412. [PMID: 35204293 PMCID: PMC8869534 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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32
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Protective Effect of Liposomal Epigallocatechin-Gallate in Experimental Gentamicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020412
expr 847787495 + 893919512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to assess the effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate (LEGCG) compared with epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) solution on hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin (G) administration in rats. Five groups were evaluated, a control group (no G administration) and four groups that received G (1 mL, i.p, 80 mg/kg b.w. (body weight/day), for 7 days) to which we associated daily administration 30 min before G of EGCG (G-EGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.), LEGCG (G-LEGCG, 2.5 mg/0.1 kg b.w.) or silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w./day). The nitro-oxidative stress (NOx), catalase (CAT), TNF-α, transaminases, creatinine, urea, metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9, and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. LEGCG exhibited better efficacy than EGCG, improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance (p = 0.0125 for NOx and 0.0032 for CAT), TNF-α (p < 0.0001), MMP-2 (p < 0.0001), aminotransferases (p = 0.0001 for AST and 0.0136 for ALT), creatinine (p < 0.0001), urea (p = 0.0006) and histopathologic liver changes induced by gentamicin. Our study demonstrated the beneficial effect of EGCG with superior results of the liposomal formulation for hepatoprotection in experimental hepatic toxicity induced by gentamicin.
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33
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Komori K, Usui M, Hatano K, Hori Y, Hirono K, Zhu D, Tokito F, Nishikawa M, Sakai Y, Kimura H. In vitro enzymatic electrochemical monitoring of glucose metabolism and production in rat primary hepatocytes on highly O 2 permeable plates. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 143:107972. [PMID: 34666223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In situ continuous glucose monitoring under physiological culture conditions is imperative in understanding the dynamics of cell and tissue behaviors and their physiological responses since glucose plays an important role in principal source of biological energy. We therefore examined physiologically relevant dynamic changes in glucose levels based on glucose metabolism and production during aerobic culture (10% O2) of rat primary hepatocytes stimulated with insulin or glucagon on a highly O2 permeable plate, which can maintain the oxygen concentration close to the periportal zone of the liver. As glucose monitoring devices, we used oxygen-independent glucose dehydrogenase-modified single-walled carbon nanotube electrodes placed close to the surface of the hepatocytes. The current response of glucose oxidation slightly decreased after the addition of insulin in the presence of glucose due to the acceleration of glucose uptake by the hepatocytes, whereas that significantly increased after the addition of glucagon and fructose even in the absence of glucose due to the conversion of fructose to glucose based on gluconeogenesis. These phenomena might be consistent relatively with the physiological behaviors of hepatocytes in the periportal region. The present monitoring system would be useful for the studies of glucose homeostasis and diabetes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikuo Komori
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Kindai University, Takaya-Umenobe, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan; Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Masataka Usui
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kohei Hatano
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuma Hori
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Kindai University, Takaya-Umenobe, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-2116, Japan
| | - Keita Hirono
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Dongchen Zhu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumiya Tokito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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34
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Søderstrøm S, Lie KK, Lundebye AK, Søfteland L. Beauvericin (BEA) and enniatin B (ENNB)-induced impairment of mitochondria and lysosomes - Potential sources of intracellular reactive iron triggering ferroptosis in Atlantic salmon primary hepatocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 161:112819. [PMID: 35038498 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beauvericin (BEA) and enniatin B (ENNB) are emerging mycotoxins frequently detected in plant-based fish feed. With ionophoric properties, they have shown cytotoxic potential in mammalian models. Sensitivity in fish is still largely unknown. Primary hepatocytes isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were used as a model and exposed to BEA and ENNB (0.05-10 μM) for 48 h. Microscopy, evaluation of cell viability, total ATP, total H2O2, total iron content, total Gpx enzyme activity, and RNA sequencing were used to characterize the toxicodynamics of BEA and ENNB. Both mycotoxins became cytotoxic at ≥ 5 μM, causing condensation of the hepatocytes followed by formation of blister-like protrusions on the cell's membrane. RNA sequencing analysis at sub-cytotoxic levels indicated BEA and ENNB exposed hepatocytes to experience increased energy expenditure, elevated oxidative stress, and iron homeostasis disturbances sensitizing the hepatocytes to ferroptosis. The present study provides valuable knowledge disclosing the toxic action of these mycotoxins in Atlantic salmon primary hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai K Lie
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
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Hu X, Liu Z, Lu Y, Chi X, Han K, Wang H, Wang Y, Ma L, Xu B. Glucose metabolism enhancement by 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:9931-9946. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03818d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we used high fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection to establish a diabetes model, with the aim of exploring the hypoglycemic effects of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), and...
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Qi X, Lu XT, Sun XH, Lin CQ, Cui CB. The regulatory effect of total flavonoids of Sedum aizoon L. on oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic mice. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1140-1147. [PMID: 35865805 PMCID: PMC9294556 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the optimal extraction conditions for the total flavonoids of Sedum aizoon L. (STF) were optimized by response surface methodology. Evaluation of the antioxidant in vitro of STF, and modulatory effects of glucolipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). STF showed good antioxidant capacity in vitro. STF could improve glucolipid metabolism, organ coefficients, and antioxidant stress enzymes in T1DM mice effectively, reduce the damage to liver tissue, and regulate redox imbalance in the organism by modulating the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway. The results of this study could provide a theoretical reference for the application of Sedum aizoon L. in the development of auxiliary hypoglycemic functional foods and improvement of diabetes. Optimization of optimal extraction conditions by response surface methodology. Total flavonoids of Sedum aizoon L. have good antioxidant activity in vitro. Total flavonoids of Sedum aizoon L. have hypoglycemic effect. Total flavonoids of Sedum aizoon L. can improve the oxidative stress in T1DM mice.
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Palihaderu PADS, Mendis BILM, Premarathne JMKJK, Dias WKRR, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Dissanayake AS, Rajapakse IH, Karunanayake P, Senarath U, Satharasinghe DA. Potential role of microRNAs in selective hepatic insulin resistance: From paradox to the paradigm. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1028846. [PMID: 36479211 PMCID: PMC9720316 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1028846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The paradoxical action of insulin on hepatic glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in the insulin-resistant state has been of much research interest in recent years. Generally, insulin resistance would promote hepatic gluconeogenesis and demote hepatic de novo lipogenesis. The underlying major drivers of these mechanisms were insulin-dependent, via FOXO-1-mediated gluconeogenesis and SREBP1c-mediated lipogenesis. However, insulin-resistant mouse models have shown high glucose levels as well as excess lipid accumulation. As suggested, the inert insulin resistance causes the activation of the FOXO-1 pathway promoting gluconeogenesis. However, it does not affect the SREBP1c pathway; therefore, cells continue de novo lipogenesis. Many hypotheses were suggested for this paradoxical action occurring in insulin-resistant rodent models. A "downstream branch point" in the insulin-mediated pathway was suggested to act differentially on the FOXO-1 and SREBP1c pathways. MicroRNAs have been widely studied for their action of pathway mediation via suppressing the intermediate protein expressions. Many in vitro studies have postulated the roles of hepato-specific expressions of miRNAs on insulin cascade. Thus, miRNA would play a pivotal role in selective hepatic insulin resistance. As observed, there were confirmations and contradictions between the outcomes of gene knockout studies conducted on selective hepatic insulin resistance and hepato-specific miRNA expression studies. Furthermore, these studies had evaluated only the effect of miRNAs on glucose metabolism and few on hepatic de novo lipogenesis, limiting the ability to conclude their role in selective hepatic insulin resistance. Future studies conducted on the role of miRNAs on selective hepatic insulin resistance warrant the understanding of this paradoxical action of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Panduka Karunanayake
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Upul Senarath
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilan Amila Satharasinghe
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- *Correspondence: Dilan Amila Satharasinghe,
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Geng X, Duan H, Kohls W, Ilagan R, Ding Y. Mini review: Hyperglycemia in ischemic stroke. ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ed.ed_26_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Bai C, Wang Y, Niu Z, Guan Y, Huang J, Nian X, Zuo F, Zhao J, Kazumi T, Wu B. Exenatide improves hepatocyte insulin resistance induced by different regional adipose tissue. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1012904. [PMID: 36246878 PMCID: PMC9558273 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1012904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is resulted from energy surplus and is characterized by abnormal adipose tissue accumulation and/or distribution. Adipokines secreted by different regional adipose tissue can induce changes in key proteins of the insulin signaling pathway in hepatocytes and result in impaired hepatic glucose metabolism. This study aimed to investigate whether exenatide affects key proteins of IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 signaling pathway in hepatocytes altered by the different regional fat depots. Six non-obese patients without endocrine diseases were selected as the research subjects. Their subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)were co-cultured with HepG2 cells in the transwell chamber. In the presence or absence of exenatide, adipokines content in the supernatant of each experimental group was detected by ELISA. In addition, HepG2 cells in each co-culture group with and without insulin were collected, and the expression of key proteins IRS2, p-IRS2(S731), PI3K-p85, Akt2, and p-Akt2(S473) was detected by western blotting (WB). The results showed that the adipokines IL-8, MCP-1, VEGF, and sTNFR2 in the supernatant of HepG2 cells induced by different regional adipose tissue were significantly higher than those in the HepG2 group, and VAT released more adipokines than SAT. Furthermore, these adipokines were significantly inhibited by exenatide. Importantly, the different regional fat depot affects the IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 insulin signaling pathway of hepatocytes. Exenatide can up-regulate the expression of hepatocyte proteins IRS2, PI3K-p85, p-Akt2(S731) inhibited by adipose tissue, and down-regulate the expression of hepatocyte proteins p-IRS2(S731) promoted by adipose tissue. The effect of VAT on the expression of these key proteins in hepatocytes is more significant than that of SAT. But there was no statistical difference in the expression of Akt2 protein among each experimental group, suggesting that exenatide has no influence on the expression of Akt2 protein in hepatocytes. In conclusion, exenatide may improve hepatic insulin resistance (IR) by inhibiting adipokines and regulating the expression of key proteins in the IRS2/PI3K/Akt2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmin Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaxin Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingshan Huang
- School of Computing, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Xin Nian
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fan Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tsutomu Kazumi
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle−Related Diseases, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Wu,
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Ji K, Liang H, Ren M, Ge X, Pan L, Yu H. Nutrient metabolism in the liver and muscle of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) in response to dietary methionine levels. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23843. [PMID: 34903775 PMCID: PMC8668952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 75-day rearing trial was designed to study the response of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala to dietary methionine (Met) levels. Three practical diets with graded Met levels (0.40%, 0.84% and 1.28% dry matter) were prepared to feed the juvenile fish. The results showed that the 0.84% Met diet significantly improved the growth compared with 0.40% diets. Compared with 0.84% and 1.28% Met, 0.40% Met significantly increased the hepatic lipid content, while decreasing the muscular lipid and glycogen contents. 0.40% Met decreased the protein levels of phospho-Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein-1 (p-4e-bp1), 4e-bp1 and Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 in the liver, compared with 0.84% diet, while an increasing trend was observed in the muscle. Met supplementation tended to decrease and increase lipid synthesis in the liver and muscle, respectively, via changing mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, fatty acid synthetase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase. 1.28% dietary Met promoted fatty acid β-oxidation and lipolysis in both the liver and muscle by increasing carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha, lipoprotein lipase and lipase mRNA levels. Compared with 0.40% and 0.84% dietary Met, 1.28% Met enhanced the mRNA levels of hepatic gluconeogenesis related genes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), and glucose-6-phosphatase, and muscular glycolysis related genes phosphofructokinase (pfk), and pyruvate kinase (pk). The mRNA levels of hepatic pfk, pk and glucokinase were markedly downregulated by 1.28% Met compared with 0.84% level. Muscular pepck, glycogen synthase, and hepatic glucose transporters 2 mRNA levels were induced by 1.28% Met. Generally, deficient Met level decreased the growth of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala, and the different nutrient metabolism responses to dietary Met were revealed in the liver and muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Liangkun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Heng Yu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
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Sanni O, Terre'Blanche G. Therapeutic potentials of agonist and antagonist of adenosine receptors in type 2 diabetes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:1073-1090. [PMID: 34165671 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09668-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes has been a global health challenge over the decades and is among the leading causes of death. Several treatment approaches have been developed, but more effective and new therapies are still needed. The role of adenosine in glucose and lipid homeostasis has offered a different therapeutic approach. Adenosine mediates its physiological role through the activation of adenosine receptors. These adenosine receptors have been implicated in glucose and lipid homeostasis. The ability of agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors to activate or inhibit the adenosine signalling cascade and thereby affecting the balance of glucose and lipid homeostasis has challenged the studies of agonists and antagonists of adenosine receptors, both preclinical and clinical, as potential anti-diabetic drugs. This review provides a background on different anti-diabetic therapeutic approaches, outlining the role of adenosine receptors in glucose and lipid homeostasis, and mechanisms underlying the action of agonists/antagonists of adenosine receptors as a therapeutic potential towards type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Sanni
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), School of Health Sciences. North-West University (NWU), Potchefstroom, 2357, South Africa.
| | - G Terre'Blanche
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), School of Health Sciences. North-West University (NWU), Potchefstroom, 2357, South Africa
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de Hoyos-Vega JM, Hong HJ, Stybayeva G, Revzin A. Hepatocyte cultures: From collagen gel sandwiches to microfluidic devices with integrated biosensors. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:041504. [PMID: 34703968 PMCID: PMC8519630 DOI: 10.1063/5.0058798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes are parenchymal cells of the liver responsible for drug detoxification, urea and bile production, serum protein synthesis, and glucose homeostasis. Hepatocytes are widely used for drug toxicity studies in bioartificial liver devices and for cell-based liver therapies. Because hepatocytes are highly differentiated cells residing in a complex microenvironment in vivo, they tend to lose hepatic phenotype and function in vitro. This paper first reviews traditional culture approaches used to rescue hepatic function in vitro and then discusses the benefits of emerging microfluidic-based culture approaches. We conclude by reviewing integration of hepatocyte cultures with bioanalytical or sensing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. de Hoyos-Vega
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Hye Jin Hong
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
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Shu L, Hou X, Song G, Wang C, Ma H. Comparative analysis of long non‑coding RNA expression profiles induced by resveratrol and metformin treatment for hepatic insulin resistance. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:206. [PMID: 34581420 PMCID: PMC8480386 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) and metformin (MET) play a role in the treatment of diabetes; however, the mechanisms through which they mediate insulin resistance by regulating long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) remain unknown. The present study was conducted to determine whether RSV and MET can improve insulin resistance in the livers of high‑fat diet (HFD)‑fed mice by regulating lncRNAs. C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD for 8 weeks to establish a model of insulin resistance. The mice were subsequently treated with RSV or MET for 8 weeks and liver tissue samples were then collected. High‑throughput sequencing was utilized to analyze mouse liver tissue samples to obtain differential lncRNA expression profiles. RSV or MET both reduced the blood glucose levels, the insulin index and the area under the curve in HFD‑fed mice. Treatment also improved liver structure and decreased lipid deposition in liver tissues, as shown by H&E and Oil Red O staining. Compared with the MET group, there were 55 lncRNAs and 19 mRNAs with a differential expression. In total, eight lncRNAs were randomly selected and evaluated by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). The results of seven lncRNAs corresponded to those of the sequencing analysis. Pathway analysis revealed that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway had the highest enrichment score. In addition, the results of western blot analysis and RT‑qPCR revealed that the expression levels of forkhead box O1, glucose‑6‑phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 in the RSV and MET groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the HFD group. NONMMUT034936.2 and G6PC target genes exhibited similar expression patterns, indicating that RSV and MET may affect the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through NONMMUT034936.2 to attenuate insulin resistance. On the whole, the present study provides novel biomarkers or contemporary perspectives for the use of RSV and MET in the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Shu
- Research Center for Clinical Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Chethikkattuveli Salih AR, Hyun K, Asif A, Soomro AM, Farooqi HMU, Kim YS, Kim KH, Lee JW, Huh D, Choi KH. Extracellular Matrix Optimization for Enhanced Physiological Relevance in Hepatic Tissue-Chips. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3016. [PMID: 34503056 PMCID: PMC8434375 DOI: 10.3390/polym13173016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment is influenced explicitly by the extracellular matrix (ECM), the main tissue support biomaterial, as a decisive factor for tissue growth patterns. The recent emergence of hepatic microphysiological systems (MPS) provide the basic physiological emulation of the human liver for drug screening. However, engineering microfluidic devices with standardized surface coatings of ECM may improve MPS-based organ-specific emulation for improved drug screening. The influence of surface coatings of different ECM types on tissue development needs to be optimized. Additionally, an intensity-based image processing tool and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) sensor may assist in the analysis of tissue formation capacity under the influence of different ECM types. The current study highlights the role of ECM coatings for improved tissue formation, implying the additional role of image processing and TEER sensors. We studied hepatic tissue formation under the influence of multiple concentrations of Matrigel, collagen, fibronectin, and poly-L-lysine. Based on experimental data, a mathematical model was developed, and ECM concentrations were validated for better tissue development. TEER sensor and image processing data were used to evaluate the development of a hepatic MPS for human liver physiology modeling. Image analysis data for tissue formation was further strengthened by metabolic quantification of albumin, urea, and cytochrome P450. Standardized ECM type for MPS may improve clinical relevance for modeling hepatic tissue microenvironment, and image processing possibly enhance the tissue analysis of the MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Chethikkattuveli Salih
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Kinam Hyun
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Arun Asif
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Afaque Manzoor Soomro
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | | | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
- BioSpero, Inc., Jeju-si 63243, Korea;
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Trejo-Escamilla I, López LM, Gisbert E, Sanchez S, Rodarte-Venegas D, Álvarez CA, Galaviz MA. Soybean protein concentrate as a protein source for totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) juveniles: Effect on intermediary metabolism and liver histological organization. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 262:111062. [PMID: 34478847 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with soybean protein concentrates (SPC) on the intermediary metabolism and health of Totoaba macdonaldi juveniles. Fish (initial weight 50 ± 1 g) were fed for 60 days with eight diets: a reference diet (RD) and seven experimental diets where FM was replaced gradually with 15 to 100% SPC (SPC15, SPC30, SPC45, SPC60, SPC75, SPC90, and SPC100, respectively). Hexokinase (HK), glucokinase (GK), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme activities showed highly significant differences (p < 0.01) between fish fed RD (0% SPC) compared to fish fed the diets with 60, 75, 90, and 100% SPC. The ALT enzyme shows a highly significant (p < 0.01) decrease in activity for fish fed 75, 90, and 100% SPC inclusions compared to fish fed the RD. The aspartate aminotransferase AST/ALT ratio showed a significant increase in activity for fish fed 100% soybean compared only with fish fed the control diet. The histological organization of the liver in totoaba juveniles fed RD, SPC15, SPC30 and SPC45 diets were similar. Totoaba fed with SPC90 and SPC100 showed histological alterations in hepatic and pancreatic parenchyma. Overall, according to the findings in this study, 45% of dietary FM could be replaced by SPC without causing adverse changes in metabolism, histological organization of liver, and health of juveniles of totoaba when cultured for 60 days. However, levels greater than 60% of SPC could compromise the health status of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idaly Trejo-Escamilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
| | - Lus M López
- Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Enric Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Aquaculture Program, Crta. Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Samuel Sanchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Deyanira Rodarte-Venegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km 0.5, Villahermosa, Tabasco C.P. 86039, Mexico
| | - Mario A Galaviz
- Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Col. Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
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Jean-Marie E, Bereau D, Robinson JC. Benefits of Polyphenols and Methylxanthines from Cocoa Beans on Dietary Metabolic Disorders. Foods 2021; 10:2049. [PMID: 34574159 PMCID: PMC8470844 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Theobroma cacao L. is an ancestral cultivated plant which has been consumed by various populations throughout history. Cocoa beans are the basic material occurring in the most consumed product in the world, namely chocolate. Their composition includes polyphenols, methylxanthines, lipids and other compounds that may vary qualitatively and quantitatively according to criteria such as variety or culture area. Polyphenols and methylxanthines are known as being responsible for many health benefits, particularly by preventing cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies emphasized their positive role in dietary metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and weight gain. After a brief presentation of cocoa bean, this review provides an overview of recent research activities highlighting promising strategies which modulated and prevented gastro-intestinal metabolism dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean-Charles Robinson
- Laboratoire COVAPAM, UMR Qualisud, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France; (E.J.-M.); (D.B.)
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Yi SJ, Xiong YW, Zhu HL, Dai LM, Cao XL, Liu WB, Shi XT, Zhou GX, Liu AY, Zhao LL, Zhang C, Gao L, Xu DX, Wang H. Environmental cadmium exposure during pregnancy causes diabetes-like phenotypes in mouse offspring: Association with oxidative stress in the fetal liver. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146006. [PMID: 33677283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a noxious heavy metal, is widespread in the living environment. Gestational exposure to Cd at environmental dose has been shown to cause fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, the long-term effects and the mechanisms underlying environmental Cd exposure on glucose metabolism in offspring remain unclear. Here, we established a murine model to study the impacts of gestational exposure to environmental Cd on glucose metabolism at different life stages of offspring. Results demonstrated that the offspring mice developed hyperglycemia in puberty and impaired glucose tolerance in adulthood following maternal Cd exposure during gestation. Further mechanistic investigation showed that Cd exposure upregulated the expression of key proteins in hepatic gluconeogenesis, including p-CREB, PGC-1α and G6PC, in pubertal and adult offspring. In addition, we demonstrated that Cd exposure during pregnancy markedly elevated the level of oxidative stress-related proteins, including NOX2, NOX4 and HO-1, in the fetal liver. The effects of gestational exposure to N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free-radical scavenging antioxidant, presented that NAC supplementation alleviated hepatic oxidative stress in fetuses, and thereby reversed hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in mouse offspring. Collectively, our data suggested that gestational exposure to environmental Cd caused diabetes-like phenotypes via enhancing hepatic gluconeogenesis, which is associated with oxidative stress in fetal livers. This work provides new insights into the protective effects of antioxidants on fetal-originated diabetes triggered by environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Jia Yi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Min Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Lin Cao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Ting Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - A-Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China.
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Zou W, Zhang C, Gu X, Li X, Zhu H. Metformin in Combination with Malvidin Prevents Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Improving Lipid and Glucose Metabolisms, and Inhibiting Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:2565-2576. [PMID: 34168429 PMCID: PMC8218939 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s307257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of chronic liver disease and is closely linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. However, no effective drug therapies have been approved to treat this disease. The present research aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the combination of oral hypoglycemic drug metformin (MET) and a natural product malvidin (MAL) on hepatic damage in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), diabetic control group (DC), DC+MET group, DC+MAL group, and DC+MET+MAL group and treated for eight weeks. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for metabolic parameters, histological, and RT-qPCR analysis. Results Our findings indicated that hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in diabetic rats were alleviated after oral treatment with MET and MAL, particularly their combination therapy. Besides, the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC, FAS, IL-6, IL-8, and NF-κB mRNA was down-regulated by MET+MAL, and the expression of PPARα, CPT1, and LPL was up-regulated by MET+MAL. Conclusion The evidence of this research indicated that the combination therapy may represent an efficient strategy against NAFLD in T2DM rats via improving lipid and glucose metabolisms, and inhibiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangcheng District Second People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Liver Disease, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215100, People's Republic of China
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Dietary Flavonoids and Insulin Signaling in Diabetes and Obesity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061474. [PMID: 34208379 PMCID: PMC8231211 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are relevant worldwide chronic diseases. A common complication in both pathologies is the dysregulation of the insulin-signaling pathway that is crucial to maintain an accurate glucose homeostasis. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables and seeds. Rising evidence supports a role for the flavonoids against T2D and obesity, and at present, these compounds are considered as important potential chemopreventive agents. This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies providing data related to the effects of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods on the modulation of the insulin route during T2D and obesity. Notably, few human studies have evaluated the regulatory effect of these phenolic compounds at molecular level on the insulin pathway. In this context, it is also important to note that the mechanism of action for the flavonoids is not fully characterized and that a proper dosage to obtain a beneficial effect on health has not been defined yet. Further investigations will contribute to solve all these critical challenges and will enable the use of flavonoids to prevent, delay or support the treatment of T2D and obesity.
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Wang Z, Sun L, Fang Z, Nisar T, Zou L, Li D, Guo Y. Lycium ruthenicum Murray anthocyanins effectively inhibit α-glucosidase activity and alleviate insulin resistance. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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