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Sebai I, Deaconu A, Mobetty F, Nardocci M, Ing A, Batal M. Measurement of diet quality among First Nations peoples in Canada and associations with health: a scoping review. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:695-708. [PMID: 37421656 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing number and the diversity of dietary quality indices used for research, and the differences between settings, there is a need to identify valid indices of dietary quality in different contexts and populations and to identify their associations with health-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this scoping review is to identify the tools used in determining dietary quality among First Nations and to describe the changes in diet. The second objective is to describe the associations identified in studies that have measured the relationship between health and dietary quality among First Nations; and the third objective is to identify factors associated with diet quality. METHODS PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Health, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June 2021 and updated in February 2022. Articles were included if the research subjects were First Nations, or if articles reported disaggregated subset data for First Nations. Eligible studies focused on nutrition and diet and were published in English or French. RESULTS A total of 151 articles were included in the analysis. Studies used several indicators to measure if individuals adhered to dietary guidelines. Traditional food consumption was frequently used as an indicator of diet quality (n = 96). The consumption of store-bought foods was used as an indicator in 28 studies. Some studies used other diet quality indicators such as the Healthy Eating Index (n = 5) and ultra-processed food "NOVA" classification (n = 6). A trend for decreasing traditional food intake over time was apparent, alongside an increase in store-bought food intake. This trend was accompanied with declining health status, including the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, diabetes, metabolic diseases, and dental caries. CONCLUSION This scoping review showed that diet quality among First Nations is improved when traditional foods are consumed. Reduced diet quality was associated with increased risk of noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sebai
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ana Deaconu
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabrice Mobetty
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Milena Nardocci
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amy Ing
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Malek Batal
- Canada Research Chair in Nutrition and Health Inequalities (CIENS), Montreal, Canada
- TRANSNUT, Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique, Université de Montréal et CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, (Ron) Hoogenboom L, Leblanc J, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Wallace H, Benford D, Fürst P, Hart A, Rose M, Schroeder H, Vrijheid M, Ioannidou S, Nikolič M, Bordajandi LR, Vleminckx C. Update of the risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8497. [PMID: 38269035 PMCID: PMC10807361 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food, focusing on 10 congeners: BDE-28, -47, -49, -99, -100, -138, -153, -154, -183 and ‑209. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour and reproductive/developmental effects are the critical effects in rodent studies. For four congeners (BDE-47, -99, -153, -209) the Panel derived Reference Points, i.e. benchmark doses and corresponding lower 95% confidence limits (BMDLs), for endpoint-specific benchmark responses. Since repeated exposure to PBDEs results in accumulation of these chemicals in the body, the Panel estimated the body burden at the BMDL in rodents, and the chronic intake that would lead to the same body burden in humans. For the remaining six congeners no studies were available to identify Reference Points. The Panel concluded that there is scientific basis for inclusion of all 10 congeners in a common assessment group and performed a combined risk assessment. The Panel concluded that the combined margin of exposure (MOET) approach was the most appropriate risk metric and applied a tiered approach to the risk characterisation. Over 84,000 analytical results for the 10 congeners in food were used to estimate the exposure across dietary surveys and age groups of the European population. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary Lower Bound exposure to PBDEs were meat and meat products and fish and seafood. Taking into account the uncertainties affecting the assessment, the Panel concluded that it is likely that current dietary exposure to PBDEs in the European population raises a health concern.
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Ayyanu R, Arul A, Song N, Anand Babu Christus A, Li X, Tamilselvan G, Bu Y, Kavitha S, Zhang Z, Liu N. Wearable sensor platforms for real-time monitoring and early warning of metabolic disorders in humans. Analyst 2023; 148:4616-4636. [PMID: 37712440 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01085f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the prevalence of metabolic syndromes (MSs) has attracted increasing concerns as it is closely related to overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and overconsumption of energy, making the diagnosis and real-time monitoring of the physiological range essential and necessary for avoiding illness due to defects in the human body such as higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke and diseases related to artery walls. However, the current sensing techniques are inconvenient and do not continuously monitor the health status of humans. Alternatively, the use of recent wearable device technology is a preferable method for the prevention of these diseases. This can enable the monitoring of the health status of humans in different health domains, including environment and structure. The use wearable devices with the purpose of facilitating rapid treatment and real-time monitoring can decrease the prevalence of MS and long-time monitor the health status of patients. This review highlights the recent advances in wearable sensors toward continuous monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose, and further details the monitoring of abnormal obesity, triglycerides and HDL. We also discuss the challenges and future prospective of monitoring MS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Ayyanu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Amutha Arul
- Department of Chemistry, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli 627003, India
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - A Anand Babu Christus
- Department Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Ramapuram-600089, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - G Tamilselvan
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yuanqing Bu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Chemistry, The M.D.T Hindu college (Affiliated to Manonmanium Sundaranar University), Tirunelveli-627010, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, P. R. China.
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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Wei Y, Wang L, Liu J. The diabetogenic effects of pesticides: Evidence based on epidemiological and toxicological studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121927. [PMID: 37268216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
While the use of pesticides has improved grain productivity and controlled vector-borne diseases, the widespread use of pesticides has resulted in ubiquitous environmental residues that pose health risks to humans. A number of studies have linked pesticide exposure to diabetes and glucose dyshomeostasis. This article reviews the occurrence of pesticides in the environment and human exposure, the associations between pesticide exposures and diabetes based on epidemiological investigations, as well as the diabetogenic effects of pesticides based on the data from in vivo and in vitro studies. The potential mechanisms by which pesticides disrupt glucose homeostasis include induction of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, acetylcholine accumulation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The gaps between laboratory toxicology research and epidemiological studies lead to an urgent research need on the diabetogenic effects of herbicides and current-use insecticides, low-dose pesticide exposure research, the diabetogenic effects of pesticides in children, and assessment of toxicity and risks of combined exposure to multiple pesticides with other chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Linping Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Hoyeck MP, Matteo G, MacFarlane EM, Perera I, Bruin JE. Persistent organic pollutants and β-cell toxicity: a comprehensive review. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E383-E413. [PMID: 35156417 PMCID: PMC9394781 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00358.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a diverse family of contaminants that show widespread global dispersion and bioaccumulation. Humans are continuously exposed to POPs through diet, air particles, and household and commercial products; POPs are consistently detected in human tissues, including the pancreas. Epidemiological studies show a modest but consistent correlation between exposure to POPs and increased diabetes risk. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of epidemiological evidence and an in-depth evaluation of the in vivo and in vitro evidence that POPs cause β-cell toxicity. We review evidence for six classes of POPs: dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), flame retardants, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The available data provide convincing evidence implicating POPs as a contributing factor driving impaired glucose homeostasis, β-cell dysfunction, and altered metabolic and oxidative stress pathways in islets. These findings support epidemiological data showing that POPs increase diabetes risk and emphasize the need to consider the endocrine pancreas in toxicity assessments. Our review also highlights significant gaps in the literature assessing islet-specific endpoints after both in vivo and in vitro POP exposure. In addition, most rodent studies do not consider the impact of biological sex or secondary metabolic stressors in mediating the effects of POPs on glucose homeostasis and β-cell function. We discuss key gaps and limitations that should be assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam P Hoyeck
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Geronimo Matteo
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin M MacFarlane
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ineli Perera
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Bruin
- Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Ghorbani Nejad B, Raeisi T, Janmohammadi P, Mehravar F, Zarei M, Dehghani A, Bahrampour N, Darijani MH, Ahmadipour F, Mohajeri M, Alizadeh S. Mercury Exposure and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:7640227. [PMID: 36101810 PMCID: PMC9463027 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7640227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Scopus and PubMed databases were systematically searched from their inception to November 2021 to obtain pertinent studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the difference in Hg levels between people with and without T2DM. The association of the Hg exposure with T2DM was assessed using a random-effects model by pooling the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS A total of 17 studies, with 42,917 participants, aged ≥18 years, were analyzed. Overall, Hg levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients compared with non-T2DM controls (SMD = 1.07; 95%CI = 0.59 to 1.55, P ≤ 0.001), with significant heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 96.1%; P=≤0.001). No significant association was found between Hg exposure and risk of T2DM in the overall analysis and subgroup analysis based on the source of sample and study design. However, higher exposure to Hg was related to reduced risk of T2DM in men (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.57 to 0.88), but not in women. No significant evidence for publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS Although the Hg level in T2DM is significantly higher than that of nondiabetics, there was no association between Hg exposure and the overall risk of T2DM. Nevertheless, our study shows that higher exposure to Hg might reduce the risk of T2DM in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Ghorbani Nejad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehravar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Zarei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Dehghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Darijani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadipour
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zuk A, Liberda EN, Tsuji LJS. Environmental contaminants and the disproportionate prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus among Indigenous Cree women in James Bay Quebec, Canada. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24050. [PMID: 34911968 PMCID: PMC8674294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigenous populations are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) compared to non-Indigenous people. Of importance, the prevalence of T2DM is greater amongst females than males in First Nations communities, in contrast to higher male prevalence reported in non-Indigenous Canadians. Therefore, in this study we extend our previously published work with respect to females, and the potential association between environmental exposures to organochlorine pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) to explain the greater prevalence of T2DM among Indigenous females compared to males. Using data from the Multi-Community Environment-and-Health Study, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), examined 9-polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, 7-organic pesticides, and 4-metal/metalloids. Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), regressing prevalent T2DM on the newly derived principal components (PC), adjusting for a priori covariates, including parity. We further examined the relationship between high detection concentrations of DDT and tertials of categorized DDE exposures on T2DM among Indigenous Cree women. Among 419 female participants, 23% (n = 95) had physician-diagnosed T2DM. PCA analysis show that DDT and Lead (Pb) loaded highly on the second axis (PC-2), although in opposite directions, indicating the different exposure sources. As previously published, T2DM was significantly associated with PC-2 across adjusted models, however, after further adjusting for parity in this analysis, T2DM was no longer significantly associated with increasing PC-2 scores (PR = 0.88, 95% 0.76, 1.03). Furthermore, we found that the highest detectable levels of DDT, and tertiles of DDE were significantly associated with prevalent T2DM in the fully adjusted model (PR = 1.93, 1.17, 3.19), and (PR = 3.58, 1.10, 11.70), respectively. This cross-sectional analysis suggests organochlorines, specifically, detectable high exposure concentrations of DDT and DDE are associated with prevalent type 2 diabetes, signifying a possible important link between parity and environmental organochlorines pesticides among Indigenous Cree women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zuk
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, 92 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Eric N Liberda
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leonard J S Tsuji
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zhang J, Wang J, Hu J, Zhao J, Li J, Cai X. Associations of total blood mercury and blood methylmercury concentrations with diabetes in adults: An exposure-response analysis of 2005-2018 NHANES. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126845. [PMID: 34418744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the exposure-response relationship between mercury exposure and diabetes in adults, and to explore the possible effect modifications by selenium and omega-3 fatty acids. METHODS Biomarker data (total blood mercury and blood methylmercury) from individuals ≥20 years of age were obtained from the 2005-2018 NHANES. Diabetes was defined through questionnaires, fasting plasma glucose, 2 -h plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels. The exposure-response relationship between mercury exposure and diabetes was assessed with logistic regression and restricted cubic splines. RESULTS Comparing the highest to lowest quartile of exposure, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI) of diabetes was 0.76 (0.63-0.92) with total blood mercury and 0.82 (0.66-1.00) with blood methylmercury. The inverse associations between total blood mercury [0.55 (0.40-0.77)] and blood methylmercury [0.61 (0.38-0.97)] and diabetes were observed among individuals having higher intakes of selenium (Pfor interaction<0.05). Trends toward lower odds of diabetes with mercury exposure were mainly confined to individuals having higher intakes of omega-3 fatty acid, but the interactions were not significant. The inverse associations between total blood mercury and blood methylmercury and diabetes remained in sensitivity analyses after excluding patients with hypertension that may change their dietary intake of fish. Exposure-response analyses showed an initial decrease in odds of diabetes followed by a platform or a weaker decrease beyond 3 μg/L of total blood mercury and methylmercury concentrations, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Total blood mercury and blood methylmercury concentrations were inversely associated with diabetes in adults, and the associations were modified by selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianwei Hu
- Department of Group Health, Maternal and Child Health Institution, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- Department of Group Health, Maternal and Child Health Institution, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, No.189, Chaoyang Road, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
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Loukes KA, Ferreira C, Gaudet JC, Robidoux MA. Can selling traditional food increase food sovereignty for First Nations in northwestern Ontario (Canada)? FOOD AND FOODWAYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07409710.2021.1901385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keira A. Loukes
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Celeste Ferreira
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janice Cindy Gaudet
- Indigenous Health Research Group, Campus Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael A. Robidoux
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Mansouri EH, Reggabi M. Association between type 2 diabetes and exposure to chlorinated persistent organic pollutants in Algeria: A case-control study. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128596. [PMID: 33059283 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is alarmingly increasing around the world and its impact exceeds the predictions made by WHO in the early 2000s. Today there is growing scientific evidence that exposure to endocrine disruptors and mainly POPs can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. The main objective of this case-control study is to assess the link between the plasma levels of certain chlorinated persistent organic pollutants, and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the general population of Algeria. MATERIAL AND METHOD The study was conducted on 361 subjects, to whom the plasma levels of selected biomarkers were determined on GC-MS. A logistic regression was performed to examine the prevalence of diabetes in the POPs categories, considering sex, age, BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking and hypertension. RESULTS Diabetic subjects had higher plasma concentrations of POPs than non-diabetic subjects. After adjusting for the known risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Algeria, the risk expressed in OR (95% CI) was 12.58 (4.76-33.26) for 4,4'DDE, 3.69 (1.90-7.15) for HCB and 2.28 (1.20-4.39) PCB153. PCB138 and PCB180 showed no significant risk. CONCLUSION This study found that environmental exposure to some POPs is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the studied sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Hadia Mansouri
- Toxicology Laboratory, Medicine Faculty, Specialized Ali Ait Idir Hospital, Algiers, 16000, Algeria.
| | - Mohamed Reggabi
- Toxicology Laboratory, Medicine Faculty, Specialized Ali Ait Idir Hospital, Algiers, 16000, Algeria.
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MacFarlane EM, Bruin JE. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Unique Tool for Toxicity Testing in Pancreatic Progenitor and Endocrine Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 11:604998. [PMID: 33542706 PMCID: PMC7851047 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.604998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence is increasing worldwide, and epidemiological studies report an association between diabetes incidence and environmental pollutant exposure. There are >84,000 chemicals in commerce, many of which are released into the environment without a clear understanding of potential adverse health consequences. While in vivo rodent studies remain an important tool for testing chemical toxicity systemically, we urgently need high-throughput screening platforms in biologically relevant models to efficiently prioritize chemicals for in depth toxicity analysis. Given the increasing global burden of obesity and diabetes, identifying chemicals that disrupt metabolism should be a high priority. Pancreatic endocrine cells are key regulators of systemic metabolism, yet often overlooked as a target tissue in toxicology studies. Immortalized β-cell lines and primary human, porcine, and rodent islets are widely used for studying the endocrine pancreas in vitro, but each have important limitations in terms of scalability, lifespan, and/or biological relevance. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) culture is a powerful tool for in vitro toxicity testing that addresses many of the limitations with other β-cell models. Current in vitro differentiation protocols can efficiently generate glucose-responsive insulin-secreting β-like cells that are not fully mature, but still valuable for high-throughput toxicity screening in vitro. Furthermore, hPSCs can be applied as a model of developing pancreatic endocrine cells to screen for chemicals that influence endocrine cell formation during critical windows of differentiation. Given their versatility, we recommend using hPSCs to identify potential β-cell toxins, which can then be prioritized as chemicals of concern for metabolic disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer E. Bruin
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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12
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Vanni R, Bussuan RM, Rombaldi RL, Arbex AK. Endocrine Disruptors and the Induction of Insulin Resistance. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:e102220187107. [PMID: 33092513 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666201022121254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased at an alarming rate worldwide and constitutes a serious challenge to public health care in the 21st century. Endocrine disrupting chemicals are defined as "substances or mixtures of substances that alter the endocrine system functions and, hence, adversely affect organisms, their progeny, or sub populations" and may be associated with this increase in prevalence. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in insulin resistance and the importance of approaching the subject during anamnesis. METHODS A full review of the literature regarding insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes and endocrine disruptors were conducted. CONCLUSION Large-scale production and distribution of endocrine disrupting chemicals coincide with the increase in the prevalence of insulin resistance globally. In recent years, studies have shown that endocrine disrupting chemicals are positively associated with insulin resistance syndrome, evidenced by worse prognoses among individuals with higher levels of exposure. Health professionals should recognize the forms of exposure, most susceptible people, and lifestyle habits that can worsen patients' prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vanni
- IPEMED Medical School/ AFYA Educational, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alberto K Arbex
- Medical Clinic in Schleswig-Flensburg, State of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
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Hoyeck MP, Blair H, Ibrahim M, Solanki S, Elsawy M, Prakash A, Rick KRC, Matteo G, O'Dwyer S, Bruin JE. Long-term metabolic consequences of acute dioxin exposure differ between male and female mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1448. [PMID: 31996693 PMCID: PMC6989671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have consistently shown an association between exposure to environmental pollutants and diabetes risk in humans. We have previously shown that direct exposure of mouse and human islets (endocrine pancreas) to the highly persistent pollutant TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) causes reduced insulin secretion ex vivo. Furthermore, a single high-dose of TCDD (200 µg/kg) suppressed both fasting and glucose-induced plasma insulin levels and promoted beta-cell apoptosis after 7 days in male mice. The current study investigated the longer-term effects of a single high-dose TCDD injection (20 µg/kg) on glucose metabolism and beta cell function in male and female C57Bl/6 mice. TCDD-exposed males displayed modest fasting hypoglycemia for ~4 weeks post-injection, reduced fasting insulin levels for up to 6 weeks, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased beta cell area, and increased delta cell area. TCDD-exposed females also had long-term suppressed basal plasma insulin levels, and abnormal insulin secretion for up to 6 weeks. Unlike males, TCDD did not impact insulin sensitivity or islet composition in females, but did cause transient glucose intolerance 4 weeks post-exposure. Our results show that a single exposure to dioxin can suppress basal insulin levels long-term in both sexes, but effects on glucose homeostasis are sex-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam P Hoyeck
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hannah Blair
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Muna Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shivani Solanki
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mariam Elsawy
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Arina Prakash
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kayleigh R C Rick
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Geronimo Matteo
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shannon O'Dwyer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Bruin
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Ibrahim M, MacFarlane EM, Matteo G, Hoyeck MP, Rick KRC, Farokhi S, Copley CM, O'Dwyer S, Bruin JE. Functional cytochrome P450 1A enzymes are induced in mouse and human islets following pollutant exposure. Diabetologia 2020; 63:162-178. [PMID: 31776611 PMCID: PMC6890627 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Exposure to environmental pollution has been consistently linked to diabetes incidence in humans, but the potential causative mechanisms remain unclear. Given the critical role of regulated insulin secretion in maintaining glucose homeostasis, environmental chemicals that reach the endocrine pancreas and cause beta cell injury are of particular concern. We propose that cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are involved in metabolising xenobiotics, could serve as a useful biomarker for direct exposure of islets to pollutants. Moreover, functional CYP enzymes in islets could also impact beta cell physiology. The aim of this study was to determine whether CYP1A enzymes are activated in islets following direct or systemic exposure to environmental pollutants. METHODS Immortalised liver (HepG2) and rodent pancreatic endocrine cell lines (MIN6, βTC-6, INS1, α-TC1, α-TC3), as well as human islets, were treated in vitro with known CYP1A inducers 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC). In addition, mice were injected with either a single high dose of TCDD or multiple low doses of TCDD in vivo, and islets were isolated 1, 7 or 14 days later. RESULTS CYP1A enzymes were not activated in any of the immortalised beta or alpha cell lines tested. However, both 3-MC and TCDD potently induced CYP1A1 gene expression and modestly increased CYP1A1 enzyme activity in human islets after 48 h. The induction of CYP1A1 in human islets by TCDD was prevented by cotreatment with a cytokine mixture. After a systemic single high-dose TCDD injection, CYP1A1 enzyme activity was induced in mouse islets ~2-fold, ~40-fold and ~80-fold compared with controls after 1, 7 and 14 days, respectively, in vivo. Multiple low-dose TCDD exposure in vivo also caused significant upregulation of Cyp1a1 in mouse islets. Direct TCDD exposure to human and mouse islets in vitro resulted in suppressed glucose-induced insulin secretion. A single high-dose TCDD injection resulted in lower plasma insulin levels, as well as a pronounced increase in beta cell death. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Transient exposure to TCDD results in long-term upregulation of CYP1A1 enzyme activity in islets. This provides evidence for direct exposure of islets to lipophilic pollutants in vivo and may have implications for islet physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin M MacFarlane
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Geronimo Matteo
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Myriam P Hoyeck
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kayleigh R C Rick
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Salar Farokhi
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Catherine M Copley
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Shannon O'Dwyer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Bruin
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
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He X, Zhang H, Xue R, Liu W, Bagheri M, Limmer MA, Burken JG, Shi H. Green Analysis: High Throughput Analysis of Emerging Pollutants in Plant Sap by Freeze-Thaw-Centrifugal Membrane Filtration Sample Preparation-HPLC-MS/MS Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12927-12935. [PMID: 31657558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emerging and fugitive contaminants (EFCs) released to our biosphere have caused a legacy and continuing threat to human and ecological health, contaminating air, water, and soil. Polluted media are closely linked to food security through plants, especially agricultural crops. However, measuring EFCs in plant tissues remains difficult, and high-throughput screening is a greater challenge. A novel rapid freeze-thaw/centrifugation extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis was developed for high-throughput quantification of 11 EFCs with diverse chemical properties, including estriol, codeine, oxazepam, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine, bisphenol A, triclosan, caffeine, carbamazepine, lincomycin, and DEET, in three representative crops, corn, tomato, and wheat. The internal aqueous solution, i.e., sap, is liberated via a freeze/thaw cycle, and separated from macromolecules utilizing molecular weight cutoff membrane centrifugal filtration. Detection limits ranged from 0.01 μg L-1 to 2.0 μg L-1. Recoveries of spiked analytes in three species ranged from 83.7% to 109%. Developed methods can rapidly screen EFCs in agriculture crops and can assess pollutant distribution at contaminated sites and gain insight on EFCs transport in plants to assess transmembrane migration in vascular organisms. The findings contribute significantly to environmental research, food security, and human health, as it assesses the first step of potential entry into the food chain, that being transmembrane migration and plant uptake, the primary barrier between polluted waters or soils and our food.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Matt A Limmer
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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16
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Zuk AM, Tsuji LJS, Nieboer E, Martin ID, Liberda EN. Examining environmental contaminant mixtures among adults with type 2 diabetes in the Cree First Nation communities of Eeyou Istchee, Canada. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15909. [PMID: 31685843 PMCID: PMC6828760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disproportionately affects Indigenous populations. It is possible that exposure to complex mixtures of environmental contaminants contribute to T2DM development. This study examined the association between complex environmental contaminant mixtures and T2DM among Canadian Indigenous communities from the Eeyou Istchee territory, Quebec, Canada. Using data from the cross-sectional Multi-Community Environment-and-Health Study (2005–2009) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimensionality of the following contaminants: 9-polychlorinated biphenyl congeners; 7-organic pesticides; and 4-metal/metalloids. Following this data reduction technique, we estimated T2DM prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals using modified Poisson regression with robust error variance across derived principal components, adjusting for a priori covariates. For both First Nation adult males (n = 303) and females (n = 419), factor loadings showed dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and lead (Pb) highly loaded on the second principal component (PC) axis: DDT negatively loaded, and Pb positively loaded. T2DM was significantly associated with PC-2 across all adjusted models. Because PCA produces orthogonal axes, increasing PC-2 scores in the fully adjusted model for females and males showed (PR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.72, 0.98) and (PR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.62, 0.98), respectively. This cross-sectional study suggests that our observed association with T2DM is the result of DDT, and less likely the result of Pb exposure. Further, detectable levels of DDT among individuals may possibly contribute to disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Zuk
- Health Studies, and the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Leonard J S Tsuji
- Health Studies, and the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evert Nieboer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian D Martin
- Health Studies, and the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric N Liberda
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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17
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Helou K, Harmouche-Karaki M, Karake S, Narbonne JF. A review of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in Lebanon: Environmental and human contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:357-368. [PMID: 31136903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The country of Lebanon banned organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in 1982 and 1997, respectively, and adopted the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in 2003. Compliance with the Stockholm Convention began immediately, and research related to POPs in Lebanon had already been completed. A National Implementation Plan for POPs was formulated and updated several times, and includes a national inventory of PCBs that were mainly detected in insulating oils and equipment in power stations. High levels of PCBs have also been detected in sediments from the Port of Tripoli, the second major sea port in Lebanon. High levels of OCPs, which are illegally smuggled into Lebanon and improperly handled and used by farmers, have been detected in underground and surface waters for many years. There have also been human biomonitoring studies of PCBs and OCPs; for example, in 1999, measurable amounts of DDE were found in breast milk, and a 2018 study reported measurable amounts of PCBs and OCPs in human serum. While these levels were well below concentrations observed in other countries, they were slightly higher than the levels observed by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This review provides an overview of the available PCB and OCP data from Lebanon between 1999 and 2017. In total, 12 studies of PCBs and OCPs in environmental samples, human serum samples, and human milk samples are included in this review, and the results of these studies are compared in terms of geography and chronology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Medical Sciences Campus, Damascus Road, P.O.B. 11-5076, Riad Solh Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Mireille Harmouche-Karaki
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Medical Sciences Campus, Damascus Road, P.O.B. 11-5076, Riad Solh Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Sara Karake
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Medical Sciences Campus, Damascus Road, P.O.B. 11-5076, Riad Solh Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon.
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Helaleh M, Diboun I, Al-Tamimi N, Al-Sulaiti H, Al-Emadi M, Madani A, Mazloum NA, Latiff A, Elrayess MA. Association of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two fat compartments with increased risk of insulin resistance in obese individuals. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:268-276. [PMID: 29933163 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a widely utilized class of flame retardants in various commercial products, represent a prominent source of environmental contaminants. PBDEs tend to accumulate in adipose tissue, potentially altering the function of this endocrine organ and increasing risk of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to compare levels of PBDEs in adipose tissues from two metabolically distinct obese groups; the insulin sensitive (IS) and the insulin resistant (IR). METHODS Levels of 28 PBDE congeners were assessed in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues from 34 obese Qatari individuals (11 IS and 23 IR) using gas chromatography (Trace GC Ultra) coupled to a TSQ Quantum triple Quadrupole mass spectrometer. Correlations of identified PBDEs and mediators of metabolic disease were established and effects of PBDEs treatment on insulin signaling in primary omental preadipocytes were determined. RESULTS Out of 22 detectable PBDEs in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues, PBDEs 28, 47, 99 and 153 were predominant in omental adipose tissues from obese Qatari subjects. PBDEs 99, 28, and 47 were significantly higher in IR individuals compared to their IS counterparts. Significant positive correlations were identified between PBDEs 28 and 99 in the omental tissues and with fasting insulin levels. When considering PBDEs congeners, penta congeners were also higher in IR compared to IS individuals, while no significant differences were detected in mono, tri, tertra, hexa, hepta and octa congeners between the two studied groups. Treatment of human omental preadipocytes from insulin sensitive individuals with PBDE28 caused inhibition of phosphorylation of GSK3 α/β (Ser21/Ser9), mTOR (Ser2448), p70 S6 kinase (Thr389) and S6 ribosomal protein (Ser235/Ser236) and activation of PTEN (Ser380) phosphorylation, suggesting inhibition of insulin signaling. CONCLUSION This pilot data suggests that accumulation of specific PBDEs in human adipose tissues is associated with insulin resistance in obese individuals. Further investigation of the functional role of PBDEs in the pathology of insulin resistance should help developing therapeutic strategies targeting obese individuals at higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Helaleh
- Anti Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ilhame Diboun
- Department of Economics, Mathematics and Statistics, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Aishah Madani
- Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Nayef A Mazloum
- Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Aishah Latiff
- Anti Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mohamed A Elrayess
- Anti Doping Laboratory Qatar, Sports City, Doha, Qatar; Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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Pardo M, Kuperman Y, Levin L, Rudich A, Haim Y, Schauer JJ, Chen A, Rudich Y. Exposure to air pollution interacts with obesogenic nutrition to induce tissue-specific response patterns. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:532-543. [PMID: 29684880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and exposure to particular matter (PM) have become two leading global threats to public health. However, the exact mechanisms and tissue-specificity of their health effects are largely unknown. Here we investigate whether a metabolic challenge (early nutritional obesity) synergistically interacts with an environmental challenge (PM exposure) to alter genes representing key response pathways, in a tissue-specific manner. Mice subjected to 7 weeks obesogenic nutrition were exposed every other day during the final week and a half to aqueous extracts of PM collected in the city of London (UK). The expression of 61 selected genes representing key response pathways were investigated in lung, liver, white and brown adipose tissues. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct patterns of expression changes between the 4 tissues, particularly in the lungs and the liver. Surprisingly, the lung responded to the nutrition challenge. The response of these organs to the PM challenge displayed opposite patterns for some key genes, in particular, those related to the Nrf2 pathway. While the contribution to the variance in gene expression changes in mice exposed to the combined challenge were largely similar among the tissues in PCA1, PCA2 exhibited predominant contribution of inflammatory and oxidative stress responses to the variance in the lungs, and a greater contribution of autophagy genes and MAP kinases in adipose tissues. Possible involvement of alterations in DNA methylation was demonstrated by cell-type-specific responses to a methylation inhibitor. Correspondingly, the DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a2 increased in the lungs but decreased in the liver, demonstrating potential tissue-differential synergism between nutritional and PM exposure. The results suggest that urban PM, containing dissolved metals, interacts with obesogenic nutrition to regulate diverse response pathways including inflammation and oxidative stress, in a tissue-specific manner. Tissue-differential effects on DNA methylation may underlie tissue-specific responses to key stress-response genes such as catalase and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pardo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
| | - Yael Kuperman
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Liron Levin
- Department of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84103, Israel
| | - Assaf Rudich
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel; The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel
| | - Yulia Haim
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel; The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84103, Israel
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel; Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Matta J, Helou K, Mahfouz Y, Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Narbonne JF. Serum concentrations of selected organochlorine pesticides in a Lebanese population and their associations to sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary factors: ENASB study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:14350-14360. [PMID: 28616737 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were banned by the Stockholm Convention many years ago; however, they are still detected in the environment due to their high persistence, their current illegal use, and their import from countries where they have not been banned. We evaluated the serum concentrations of selected OCPs (hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexanes (β-HCH), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolite p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in a sample of Lebanese adults using gas chromatography coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer detector. The mean concentrations of HCB, β-HCH, DDT, and DDE were 7.1, 8.6, 2.1, and 18.9 ng/g of lipids, respectively, and the major contributor among the four OCPs was DDE. The OCP levels in the present study were in general lower than the values observed in several countries worldwide and their concentrations at the 95th percentile were lower than the biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) excluding any appreciable health risk. We observed an inverse association between HCB concentrations and body mass index (BMI) as well as HCB, β-HCH, and DDE levels, and smoking habits. Milk consumption however was positively associated with an increased serum level of β-HCH. This study, which was the first to investigate OCP serum levels in a Lebanese population, provides a baseline to which future measurements can be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Crowshoe L, Dannenbaum D, Green M, Henderson R, Hayward MN, Toth E. Type 2 Diabetes and Indigenous Peoples. Can J Diabetes 2018; 42 Suppl 1:S296-S306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Marushka L, Batal M, David W, Schwartz H, Ing A, Fediuk K, Sharp D, Black A, Tikhonov C, Chan HM. Association between fish consumption, dietary omega-3 fatty acids and persistent organic pollutants intake, and type 2 diabetes in 18 First Nations in Ontario, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:725-737. [PMID: 28482294 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First Nations (FNs) populations in Canada experience a disproportionally higher rate of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to the general population. Recent data suggest that a high consumption of fish may help prevent T2D. On the other hand, fish might also be a potential source of environmental contaminants which could potentially be a risk factor for T2D. OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential associations between self-reported T2D and consumption of locally-harvested fish, dietary long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FAs) and persistent organic pollutants intake among adult FNs living on reserve in Ontario. DESIGN Data from the First Nations Food Nutrition and Environment Study, which included a cross-sectional study of 1429 Ontario FNs adults living in 18 communities across 4 ecozones in 2012 were analyzed. Social and lifestyle data were collected using household interviews. The consumption of locally-harvested fish was estimated using a traditional food frequency questionnaire along with portion size information obtained from 24hr recalls. Fish samples were analyzed for the presence of contaminants including dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Dietary intakes of DDE and PCBs were estimated using community-specific levels of DDE/PCBs in fish species. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for potential covariates including age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, total energy intake, smoking, and education were developed. RESULTS The prevalence of T2D in Ontario FNs was 24.4%. A significant positive association between fish consumption of one portion per week and more and T2D compared to no fish consumption was found (OR=2.5 (95% CI: 1.38-4.58). Dietary DDE and PCBs intake was positively associated with T2D (OR=1.09 (95%CI: 1.05-1.75) for DDE and OR=1.07 (95%CI: 1.004-1.27) for PCBs) per unit increase in DDE/PCBs while n-3-FAs intake, adjusted for DDE/PCBs intake, showed an inverse effect against T2D among older individuals (OR=0.86 (95% CI: 0.46-0.99). CONCLUSION Our results support previous findings that exposure to DDE and PCBs may increase the risk of T2D. Elevated levels of contaminants in fish may counteract with potentially beneficial effects of n-3FAs from fish consumption. However, the overall health benefits of high consumption of fish with a high n-3 FAs content may outweigh the adverse effect of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Harold Schwartz
- Health Canada, Environmental Public Health Division, First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB), Canada
| | - Amy Ing
- Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Karen Fediuk
- Dietitian and Nutrition Researcher, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | - Constantine Tikhonov
- Health Canada, Environmental Public Health Division, First Nations and Inuit Health Branch (FNIHB), Canada
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Roy C, Tremblay PY, Ayotte P. Is mercury exposure causing diabetes, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance? A systematic review of the literature. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:747-760. [PMID: 28482296 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several populations are exposed to mercury (Hg) via their environment, occupation or diet. It is hypothesized that Hg exposure can lead to the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). Metabolic syndrome (MS) is also a possible outcome as its symptoms are closely linked to those of DM. METHOD We conducted a systematic review of the literature by screening Web of Science, MEDLINE, SciFinder and Embase and we included original studies pertaining to the relationship of total Hg exposure (elemental, inorganic or organic) to DM, MS or insulin resistance. The studies were selected based on the PICOS (patients, intervention, comparator, outcomes and study design) criteria and their quality assessed using a nine-point scale. Study characteristics and results were extracted and presented in structured tables. We also extracted covariates entered as confounding factors to evaluate possible biases in selected studies. Finally, a weight of evidence approach was used to assess the causality of the relationship. RESULTS A total of 34 studies were included in the present review. Epidemiological data assessment suggests a possible association between total Hg concentrations in different biological matrices and incidence of DM or MS, but the relationship is not consistent. In vivo and in vitro studies support the biological plausibility of the relation between Hg exposure and DM or MS. Five out of nine of Bradford Hill's criteria were fulfilled: strength, temporality, plausibility, coherence and analogy. CONCLUSION Increased total Hg exposure may augment the risk of DM and MS, but the lack of consistency of the epidemiological evidence prevents inference of a causal relationship. Additional prospective cohort studies and careful consideration of confounding variables and interactions are required to conclude on the causal relationship of total Hg exposure on the development of DM or MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Roy
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3; Axe santé publique et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2875 boul. Laurier, Édifice Delta 2, Bureau 600, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2.
| | - Pierre-Yves Tremblay
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3; Axe santé publique et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2875 boul. Laurier, Édifice Delta 2, Bureau 600, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Centre de Toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 Wolfe, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 5B3; Axe santé publique et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, 2875 boul. Laurier, Édifice Delta 2, Bureau 600, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 2M2; Département de médecine préventive et sociale, Université Laval, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
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24
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Xiao X, Clark JM, Park Y. Potential contribution of insecticide exposure and development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:456-474. [PMID: 28487232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of insecticides has greatly improved agricultural productivity and human nutrition; however, the wide use of insecticides has also sparked growing concern over their health impacts. Increased rate of cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, reproductive dysfunction, birth defects, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and aging have been linked with insecticide exposure. Meanwhile, a growing body of evidence is suggesting that exposure to insecticides can also potentiate the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes the relationship between insecticide exposure and development of obesity and type 2 diabetes using epidemiological and rodent animal studies, including potential mechanisms. The evidence as a whole suggests that exposure to insecticides is linked to increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - John M Clark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, MA, USA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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25
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Matta J, Helou K, Mahfouz Y, Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Narbonne JF. Serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a Lebanese population: ENASB study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3705-3716. [PMID: 27888480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that are still routinely detected 30 years after their restriction in many countries. PCBs have been associated with several non-communicable diseases. They are best measured via human biomonitoring (HBM). The concentrations of six indicator PCBs (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180) were measured in the serum samples of 316 Lebanese students and employees from Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, using gas chromatography coupled to an iron trap mass spectrometer detector. PCBs were detected in 56.3 to 59.2% of the serum samples. The sum of PCB (∑PCBs) levels ranged from <LOD to 338.84 ng/g lipids, with a geometric mean level of 10.34 ± 0.98 ng/g lipids. The major contributor to the ∑PCBs was PCB 180. In the present study, the levels were, in general, lower than the values observed in several Western and European countries. No association was found between age and concentration of any of the PCBs. In terms of risk for health, the highest levels were lower than critical limits such as HBM I and II values. We observed an inverted U-shaped association between levels of serum PCBs and the risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 2.140; CI = 1.095-4.185; p = 0.026). Regarding potential food contributors, we found no relation between PCB levels and fish consumption and a moderate relation with dairy product consumption (moderate consumers of dairy products had higher PCB levels compared to lower consumers) (16.92 ± 0.1/6.92 ± 0.12; p = 0.025). The present study is the first to provide information regarding PCB levels in a Lebanese population. Larger studies are required in order to estimate the PCB exposure parameters of the Lebanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Industrial Research Institute, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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26
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Ngueta G, Kengne AP. Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Dysglycemia in Adult Individuals: Results from the Canadian Health and Measure Survey 2007-2011. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:278-286. [PMID: 27334435 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the association of exposure to lead with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose levels (FGLs), and the likelihood for dysglycemia. We accessed data from Canada Health and Measures Survey. General linear models were used to estimate the association between blood lead concentrations (BPb) and both HbA1c and FGLs, while controlling for confounders. Multivariate logistic regression was used for assessing the relation between BPb and the likelihood for dysglycemia. FGLs in participants with moderate BPb (2.5-5.0 μg/dL) were 1.03 (95 % CI 1.00-1.06) times higher compared with participants with BPb < 2.5 μg/dL. Equivalent figures for those with BPb ≥ 5.0 μg/dL were 1.10 (95 % CI 1.01-1.20) times, relative to the lowest stratum. This association was attenuated using HbA1c to define dysglycemia. Lead exposure was associated with the likelihood for neither FGLs ≥ 1.10 g/L nor HbA1c ≥ 5.7 %. The association between lead exposure and dysglycemia, if any, is likely to be very modest, at least at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Ngueta
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHUQ Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Bureau JS1-13, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, G1S 4L8, Canada.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - André Pascal Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Schumacher L, Abbott LC. Effects of methyl mercury exposure on pancreatic beta cell development and function. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:4-12. [PMID: 27594070 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methyl mercury is an environmental contaminant of worldwide concern. Since the discovery of methyl mercury exposure due to eating contaminated fish as the underlying cause of the Minamata disaster, the scientific community has known about the sensitivity of the developing central nervous system to mercury toxicity. Warnings are given to pregnant women and young children to limit consumption of foods containing methyl mercury to protect the embryonic, fetal and postnatally developing central nervous system. However, evidence also suggests that exposure to methyl mercury or various forms of inorganic mercury may also affect development and function of other organs. Numerous reports indicate a worldwide increase in diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. Quite recently, methyl mercury has been shown to have adverse effects on pancreatic beta (β) cell development and function, resulting in insulin resistance and hyperglycemia and may even lead to the development of diabetes. This review discusses possible mechanisms by which methyl mercury exposure may adversely affect pancreatic β cell development and function, and the role that methyl mercury exposure may have in the reported worldwide increase in diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. While additional information is needed regarding associations between mercury exposure and specific mechanisms of the pathogenesis of diabetes in the human population, methyl mercury's adverse effects on the body's natural sources of antioxidants suggest that one possible therapeutic strategy could involve supplementation with antioxidants. Thus, it is important that additional investigation be undertaken into the role of methyl mercury exposure and reduced pancreatic β cell function. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Schumacher
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TX, 77843-4458, USA
| | - Louise C Abbott
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TX, 77843-4458, USA
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Ruiz P, Perlina A, Mumtaz M, Fowler BA. A Systems Biology Approach Reveals Converging Molecular Mechanisms that Link Different POPs to Common Metabolic Diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:1034-41. [PMID: 26685285 PMCID: PMC4937870 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of epidemiological studies have identified statistical associations between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and metabolic diseases, but testable hypotheses regarding underlying molecular mechanisms to explain these linkages have not been published. OBJECTIVES We assessed the underlying mechanisms of POPs that have been associated with metabolic diseases; three well-known POPs [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), 2,2´,4,4´,5,5´-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153), and 4,4´-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p´-DDE)] were studied. We used advanced database search tools to delineate testable hypotheses and to guide laboratory-based research studies into underlying mechanisms by which this POP mixture could produce or exacerbate metabolic diseases. METHODS For our searches, we used proprietary systems biology software (MetaCore™/MetaDrug™) to conduct advanced search queries for the underlying interactions database, followed by directional network construction to identify common mechanisms for these POPs within two or fewer interaction steps downstream of their primary targets. These common downstream pathways belong to various cytokine and chemokine families with experimentally well-documented causal associations with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Our systems biology approach allowed identification of converging pathways leading to activation of common downstream targets. To our knowledge, this is the first study to propose an integrated global set of step-by-step molecular mechanisms for a combination of three common POPs using a systems biology approach, which may link POP exposure to diseases. Experimental evaluation of the proposed pathways may lead to development of predictive biomarkers of the effects of POPs, which could translate into disease prevention and effective clinical treatment strategies. CITATION Ruiz P, Perlina A, Mumtaz M, Fowler BA. 2016. A systems biology approach reveals converging molecular mechanisms that link different POPs to common metabolic diseases. Environ Health Perspect 124:1034-1041; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ruiz
- Computational Toxicology and Methods Development Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Address correspondence to P. Ruiz, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Computational Toxicology and Methods Development Lab, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd., MS-F57, Atlanta, GA 30333. Telephone: (770) 488-3348. E-mail:
| | - Ally Perlina
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Moiz Mumtaz
- Computational Toxicology and Methods Development Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bruce A. Fowler
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Mostafalou S. Persistent Organic Pollutants and Concern Over the Link with Insulin Resistance Related Metabolic Diseases. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 238:69-89. [PMID: 26670033 DOI: 10.1007/398_2015_5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are mostly halogenated compounds tending to persist in the environment, enter into the food chain, and accumulate in fat mass of mammals due to their high lipophilicity. They include some organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Some of these chemicals were widely used in the past so that their residues can be detected in the human body, though their usage has been banned for years. POPs have been shown to perturb the health of biological systems in different ways evidenced by carcinogenicity and disrupting effects on endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems. There are many epidemiologic and experimental studies on the association of exposure to POPs with insulin resistance and related metabolic disorders like obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Inflammation as a known mechanism accompanying insulin resistance has also been shown to arise in insulin target tissues exposed to POPs. This review addresses the breast milk concentration of POPs in different regions of the world, synthesizes the current information on the association of POPs with insulin resistance related metabolic disorders, and discusses the inflammation as an involved mechanism. Considering high prevalence of insulin resistance related metabolic diseases and their relation with POPs, much need is felt regarding international and regional programs to not only limit their production and usage but eliminate these persistent pollutants from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 5618953141, Ardabil, Iran.
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30
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A Northern contaminant mixture impairs pancreas function in obese and lean JCR rats and inhibits insulin secretion in MIN6 cells. Toxicology 2015; 334:81-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ngwa EN, Kengne AP, Tiedeu-Atogho B, Mofo-Mato EP, Sobngwi E. Persistent organic pollutants as risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:41. [PMID: 25987904 PMCID: PMC4435855 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major and fast growing public health problem. Although obesity is considered to be the main driver of the pandemic of T2DM, a possible contribution of some environmental contaminants, of which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) form a particular class, has been suggested. POPs are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes which enable them to persist in the environment, to be capable of long-range transport, bio accumulate in human and animal tissue, bio accumulate in food chains, and to have potential significant impacts on human health and the environment. Several epidemiological studies have reported an association between persistent organic pollutants and diabetes risk. These findings have been replicated in experimental studies both in human (in-vitro) and animals (in-vivo and in-vitro), and patho-physiological derangements through which these pollutants exercise their harmful effect on diabetes risk postulated. This review summarizes available studies, emphasises on limitations so as to enable subsequent studies to be centralized on possible pathways and bring out clearly the role of POPs on diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Ndonwi Ngwa
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Andre-Pascal Kengne
- />Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- />Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Barbara Tiedeu-Atogho
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Edith-Pascale Mofo-Mato
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Eugene Sobngwi
- />Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Biotechnology Centre Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon
- />Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- />National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 7535, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Tinkov AA, Ajsuvakova OP, Skalnaya MG, Popova EV, Sinitskii AI, Nemereshina ON, Gatiatulina ER, Nikonorov AA, Skalny AV. Mercury and metabolic syndrome: a review of experimental and clinical observations. Biometals 2015; 28:231-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Seabert TA, Pal S, Pinet BM, Haman F, Robidoux MA, Imbeault P, Krümmel EM, Kimpe LE, Blais JM. Elevated contaminants contrasted with potential benefits of ω-3 fatty acids in wild food consumers of two remote first nations communities in northern Ontario, Canada. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90351. [PMID: 24598815 PMCID: PMC3943865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigenous communities in Boreal environments rely on locally-harvested wild foods for sustenance. These foods provide many nutritional benefits including higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; such as ω-3) than what is commonly found in store-bought foods. However, wild foods can be a route of exposure to dietary mercury and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Here, we show a strong association between the frequency of wild food consumption in adults (N = 72) from two remote First Nations communities of Northern Ontario and environmental contaminants in blood (POPs) and hair (mercury). We observed that POPs and mercury were on average 3.5 times higher among those consuming wild foods more often, with many frequent wild food consumers exceeding Canadian and international health guidelines for PCB and mercury exposures. Contaminants in locally-harvested fish and game from these communities were sufficiently high that many participants exceeded the monthly consumption limits for methylmercury and PCBs. Those consuming more wild foods also had higher proportions of potentially beneficial ω-3 fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These results show that the benefits of traditional dietary choices in Boreal regions of Canada must be weighed against the inherent risks of contaminant exposure from these foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinjini Pal
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard M. Pinet
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francois Haman
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A. Robidoux
- Indigenous Health Research Group, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pascal Imbeault
- Behavioural and Metabolic Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eva M. Krümmel
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda E. Kimpe
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jules M. Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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