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Hamed M, Said REM, Martyniuk CJ, Soliman HAM, Sayed AEDH, Osman AGM. Reproductive and endocrine-disrupting toxicity of pyrogallol in catfish (Clariasgariepinus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:124104. [PMID: 38703978 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are synthetic or natural chemicals that can agonize/antagonize hormone receptors or can interfere with the production and secretion of hormones, leading to altered tissue histology and physiology. Pyrogallol is a contaminant widely distributed in aquatic environments that presents health risks to both humans and animals. However, the potential for endocrine disruption by pyrogallol, particularly in fish, are lacking. The purpose of this study was to shed light on how pyrogallol may affect hormone signalling, histopathology, and reproductive outcomes in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. To investigate this, African catfish were exposed to one sublethal concentration of pyrogallol at either 0, 1, 5 or 10 mg/L for 15 days. We then assessed the effects of pyrogallol on the thyroid gland as well as the reproductive system by measuring sex hormone, seminal quality, gonadal histopathology, and histochemistry. Thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxine showed notable decreases in catfish, and triiodothyronine was decreased with 10 mg/L pyrogallol. Unlike luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone was significantly reduced in fish following exposure to pyrogallol relative to controls. Testosterone was also decreased in fish following pyrogallol exposure, whereas 17β-estradiol increased in catfish exposed to pyrogallol. Additionally, in response to pyrogallol toxicity, sperm quality indices, including count, spermatocrit, motility, and sperm viability were adversely affected in a concentration-dependent manner. Pyrogallol exposure also induced several changes in the gonad following exposure to 1, 5, or 10 mg/L. Deformed tubular structures, vacuolation, thickening of the basement membrane, hypertrophy of the seminiferous tubules, intense melanomacrophage localization, spermatozoa loss, and necrosis were all observed in the testes. In the ovary, atretic follicles, deteriorated mature oocytes, degenerated yolk globules, and an increase in perinucleolar oocytes were observed in catfish exposed to pyrogallol. These findings suggest that pyrogallol may act as endocrine disrupting substance in aquatic environments. Further research on the mechanisms by which pyrogallol impairs endocrine systems, particularly in fish, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt; Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Rashad E M Said
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Hamdy A M Soliman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 8562, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt; Molecular Biology Research & Studies Institute, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alaa G M Osman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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Desai JK, Trangadia BJ, Patel UD, Patel HB, Kalaria VA, Kathiriya JB. Neurotoxicity of 4-nonylphenol in adult zebrafish: Evaluation of behaviour, oxidative stress parameters and histopathology of brain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122206. [PMID: 37473849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol and its derivatives use as plasticizer or additives in manufacturing industries. Effluents originated from industrial areas are being added to soil, ground water, river and marine water intentionally or unintentionally. Complex mixture of these contaminants enter the food chain and produce sub-lethal deleterious effects mainly on nervous and reproductive systems of aquatic animals and human beings. The information pertaining to oxidative stress-mediated alterations in brain of zebrafish would be helpful to understand the toxicity potential of such compounds in aquatic animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the behavioural changes, status of oxidative stress markers; sod, cat, and NF-E2-related factor 2 (nrf2) mRNA gene expression profile; and histopathological changes in the brain of adult zebrafish exposed to 4-nonylphenol (4NP) at concentration of 100 and 200 μg/L of water for 21 days. Zebrafish were divided into four groups viz; control (C1), vehicle (C2, ethanol 10 μg/L of water), treatment 1 (T1, 4-NP, 100 μg/L) and treatment 2 (T2, 4-NP, 200 μg/L). Both exposure levels of 4-NP adversely affected the exploratory behaviour of zebrafish and produced anxiety-like symptom. Concentration-dependent reduction in activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase; and glutathione level, with increased level of malondialdehyde recorded in the brain of exposed zebrafish. Gene expression analysis showed down regulation of sod, cat, nrf2 genes in brain of zebrafish from toxicity groups indicating 4-NP induced oxidative stress in brain. However, noticeable histological alterations were not observed in 4-NP exposed brain of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay K Desai
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India.
| | - Bhavesh J Trangadia
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India.
| | - Urvesh D Patel
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
| | - Harshad B Patel
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
| | - Vinay A Kalaria
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
| | - Jaysukh B Kathiriya
- Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh, 362001, Gujarat, India
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Rojas-Hucks S, Rodriguez-Jorquera IA, Nimpstch J, Bahamonde P, Benavides JA, Chiang G, Pulgar J, Galbán-Malagón CJ. South American National Contributions to Knowledge of the Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Wild Animals: Current and Future Directions. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120735. [PMID: 36548568 PMCID: PMC9781241 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human pressure due to industrial and agricultural development has resulted in a biodiversity crisis. Environmental pollution is one of its drivers, including contamination of wildlife by chemicals emitted into the air, soil, and water. Chemicals released into the environment, even at low concentrations, may pose a negative effect on organisms. These chemicals might modify the synthesis, metabolism, and mode of action of hormones. This can lead to failures in reproduction, growth, and development of organisms potentially impacting their fitness. In this review, we focused on assessing the current knowledge on concentrations and possible effects of endocrine disruptor chemicals (metals, persistent organic pollutants, and others) in studies performed in South America, with findings at reproductive and thyroid levels. Our literature search revealed that most studies have focused on measuring the concentrations of compounds that act as endocrine disruptors in animals at the systemic level. However, few studies have evaluated the effects at a reproductive level, while information at thyroid disorders is scarce. Most studies have been conducted in fish by researchers from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Colombia. Comparison of results across studies is difficult due to the lack of standardization of units in the reported data. Future studies should prioritize research on emergent contaminants, evaluate effects on native species and the use of current available methods such as the OMICs. Additionally, there is a primary focus on organisms related to aquatic environments, and those inhabiting terrestrial environments are scarce or nonexistent. Finally, we highlight a lack of funding at a national level in the reviewed topic that may influence the observed low scientific productivity in several countries, which is often negatively associated with their percentage of protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Rojas-Hucks
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | | | - Jorge Nimpstch
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Paulina Bahamonde
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados—HUB Ambiental UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360004, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile
| | - Julio A. Benavides
- Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Gustavo Chiang
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | - José Pulgar
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago 8370134, Chile
| | - Cristóbal J. Galbán-Malagón
- GEMA, Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad Mayor, Camino la Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580000, Chile
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Guedegba NL, Ben Ammar I, Houndji A, Toko II, Van De Merckt L, Agbohessi PT, Mandiki SNM, Scippo ML, Kestemont P. Integrated biomarker response to assess the effects of pesticide residues on Nile Tilapia in aquatic ecosystems contaminated by cotton-field effluents. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135407. [PMID: 35732206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An in-situ study combined with an integrated biomarker response was used to evaluate the impact of agricultural effluents in the physiological responses of Nile tilapia reared in cages and enclosures of water reservoirs in North Benin. Fish were distributed in fish farming systems at two sites: Songhai located outside the cotton basin and Batran located in the most productive commune. They were sampled for blood and organs before (BST), during (DST) and after (AST) pesticide treatment. Pesticide residues were analysed in water, sediments and fish muscles. Several biomarkers were investigated related to the immune (peroxidase, lysozyme and complement activities, superoxide anion production) and reproductive (sex steroids and vitellogenin levels) responses as well as neurotoxicity (cholinesterase activity) and tissue alterations. Biomarkers were assessed and analysed via the integrated biomarker response (IBR). The results showed that Batran water reservoir was a more harmful ecosystem for fish than Songhai one, especially by depressing some immune and reproductive functions in relation to a higher-level of pesticide contamination. They also demonstrated that the contact of fish to sediments in enclosures aggravated the pesticide burden on fish. Therefore, using males as bioindicators would improve the sensitivity of the used biomarkers since males seemed more affected than females especially due to pesticide estrogenic induction impacting their reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicresse Léa Guedegba
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium; Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61 Parakou-University, Benin
| | - Imen Ben Ammar
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - Alexis Houndji
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium; Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61 Parakou-University, Benin
| | - Ibrahim Imorou Toko
- Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61 Parakou-University, Benin
| | - Lara Van De Merckt
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Prudencio Tachégnon Agbohessi
- Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61 Parakou-University, Benin
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, bât. B43bis, 10 Avenue de Cureghem, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
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Sueiro MC, Palacios MG, Trudeau VL, Somoza GM, Awruch CA. Anthropogenic impact on the reproductive health of two wild Patagonian fish species with differing reproductive strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155862. [PMID: 35561931 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A particularly concerning outcome of environmental pollution is the disturbance of reproductive processes. However, studies on the impacts of pollution on the reproductive health of fish inhabiting South American environments are limited. We studied the impact of anthropogenic pollution on the reproductive health of two sympatric Patagonian marine fish species with different reproductive strategies: the live-bearing rockfish Sebastes oculatus and the egg-laying Brazilian sandperch Pinguipes brasilianus. Our findings reveal that both species presented some degree of reproductive disturbance when inhabiting an affected site, but the specific alterations differed depending on the species, sex, and season. During the reproductive season, 17β-estradiol levels were elevated in females of both species living in polluted areas, while no differences in androgen levels were observed in either species or season. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) was affected in both sexes of S. oculatus during the non-reproductive season, while the gonadal stages were mainly affected in both sexes of P. brasilianus. No signs of intersex condition were observed. Our results highlight the importance of including diverse reproductive parameters to better understand anthropogenic effects on wild animals. Long-term studies including other fish species and including offspring (to evaluate possible transgenerational effects) will be necessary to determine the consequences of the documented reproductive alterations, particularly whether fish species inhabiting Patagonian marine reef areas will be able to reproductively adapt to increasing marine anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cruz Sueiro
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Centro Nacional Patagónico - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Maria G Palacios
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Centro Nacional Patagónico - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gustavo M Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM).
| | - Cynthia A Awruch
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Centro Nacional Patagónico - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CENPAT - CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
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Wang W, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Jia L. Mycelium polysaccharides of Macrolepiota procera alleviate reproductive impairments induced by nonylphenol. Food Funct 2022; 13:5794-5806. [PMID: 35543179 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00680d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) exposure has become a crucial inducement of male reproductive disorders in the world. Therefore, it is urgent to seek solutions to alleviate the toxicity of NP. This study was oriented toward studying the protective effects of Macrolepiota procera mycelium polysaccharides (MMP) on NP-induced reproductive impairments. After NP administration, declined sperm amounts and testis index, increased the deformity rate of sperms, aberrant hormone secretion and testicular pathological injury were observed, corporately leading to reproductive capacity attenuation. Importantly, MMP significantly reversed the foregoing changes in NP-treated mice. Notably, it has been observed that the MMP therapy remarkably improved oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and inflammatory responses, and suppressed the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in testicular tissues. These results manifested that MMP might be a promising treatment strategy for ameliorating the biotoxicity of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Wang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| | - Yaohan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61, Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
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Sayed AEDH, Eid Z, Mahmoud UM, Lee JS, Mekkawy IAA. Reproductive Toxicity and Recovery Associated With 4-Non-ylphenol Exposure in Juvenile African Catfish ( Clarias garepinus). Front Physiol 2022; 13:851031. [PMID: 35480038 PMCID: PMC9035889 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.851031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although, the effects of 4-non-ylphenol (4-NP) on fish's reproductive hormones were assessed in several studies using adult models, however, the effect of this endocrine disruptor on immature fish's reproductive hormones was not addressed commonly. We aimed to study the apoptosis induction, hematotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and the recovery associated with 4-NP exposure in juvenile African catfish [Clarias garepinus) using some hormones [17β-estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)] and gonad histology as biomarkers. The toxic effects of 4-NP have been studied in many animal models, but there is still limited knowledge about the dose-dependent damage caused by 4-NP exposure in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. A healthy juvenile C. gariepinus was categorized into four groups (n = 3/group; three replicates in each group). The first group was the control, and the other three groups were subjected to 4-NP concentrations as 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/L for 15 days; they were left for a recovery period of another 15 days. The reproductive hormones of C. gariepinus exposed to 4-NP for 15 days exhibited significant variations between the treatment groups and the control (P < 0.05), which were evident in E2 and T-values, whereas FSH, LH, total protein, and lipid peroxidation values showed non-significant differences among all groups at P < 0.05. Such a situation referred to the fact that the 15-day recovery period was insufficient to remove the impacts of 4-NP doses in concern. The trend of dose-dependent increase/decrease was recorded for T, E2, FSH, and LH. The histopathological alterations of 4-NP treated in gonad tissues were recorded in juvenile C. gariepinus, reflecting their sensitivity to 4-NP estrogenic-like effects. Overall, our results investigate that recovery has improved the reproductive toxicity caused by 4-NP in juvenile C. garepinus. Significant variations between the treated groups and the control group (P < 0.05) were evident in hematological parameters except for hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The parameters exhibiting significance decreased with such increased doses [red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit (Hct), and white blood cells (WBCs)]. Similar patterns of significant variations toward the increase or decrease were recorded following the 15-day recovery period. Apoptotic frequency in erythrocytes and brain cells has increased significantly with increased 4-NP exposure, indicating that 4-NP caused cytotoxic effects, such as apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. However, these cellular alterations greatly decreased after the 15-day recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zainab Eid
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Usama M. Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Imam A. A. Mekkawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Guo J, Mo J, Qi Q, Peng J, Qi G, Kanerva M, Iwata H, Li Q. Prediction of adverse effects of effluents containing phenolic compounds in the Ba River on the ovary of fish (Hemiculter leucisculus) using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149554. [PMID: 34467927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the endocrine disrupting effects on the ovarian development of sharpbelly (Hemiculter leucisculus) caused by effluents containing phenolic compounds. This was achieved using integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, along with histopathological examinations. Sharpbelly, an indigenous freshwater fish widely distributed in East Asia, were collected by pole fishing from three sampling sites in the Ba River. These sampling sites include a mid-stream site near a wastewater outfall and a reference site located upstream and a far field comparison site located downstream. In sharpbelly collected near the wastewater discharge, the oocyte development was activated, compared to the other two sites. Histopathological alterations in the fish ovaries were likely due to the upregulated steroid hormone biosynthesis process, as suggested by the differentially expressed genes (e.g., hsd3b, hsd17b1) and differentially accumulated metabolites (e.g., pregnenolone). Additionally, under the stress of effluents containing phenolic compounds, genes related to the signaling pathways for oxidative phosphorylation and leukocyte transendothelial migration were dysregulated, suggesting the potential induction of inflammation and several ovarian diseases. Overall, these findings suggest that effluents containing phenolic compounds influence ovary development and reproductive function of female sharpbelly. Whether there is any resulting dysfunction of folliculogenesis, abnormality of ovulation, production of premature eggs and/or potential induction of ovarian cancers remains to be determined by further studies, for a better evaluation on effluents containing phenolic compounds to the fish fertility and the health of their offspring, and even the stability of the wild fish population. Notably, the integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics can complement the routine chemical analysis to comprehensively monitor the effects of wastewater treatment plant effluents on the health of wild fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Qianju Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jianglin Peng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Guizeng Qi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Mirella Kanerva
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime prefecture, Japan
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime prefecture, Japan
| | - Qi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
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Bottalico LN, Korlyakova J, Weljie AM, Habibi HR. Seasonally Related Disruption of Metabolism by Environmental Contaminants in Male Goldfish ( Carassius auratus). FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:750870. [PMID: 35295106 PMCID: PMC8915895 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.750870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals mimic or disrupt action of the natural hormones, adversely impacting hormonal function as well as cardiovascular, reproductive, and metabolic health. Goldfish are seasonal breeders with an annual reproductive cycle regulated by neuroendocrine signaling which involves allocation of metabolic energy to sustain growth and reproduction. We hypothesize that seasonal changes in physiology alter overall vulnerability of goldfish to metabolic perturbation induced by environmental contaminants. In this study, we assess effects of endogenous hormones, individual contaminants and their mixture on metabolism of goldfish at different reproductive stages. Exposure effects were assessed using 1H-NMR metabolomics profiling of male goldfish midbrain, gonad and liver harvested during early recrudescence (October), mid-recrudescence (February) and late recrudescence (June). Compounds assessed include bisphenol A, nonylphenol, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, fucosterol and a tertiary mixture (DEHP + NP + FS). Metabolome-level responses induced by contaminant exposure across tissues and seasons were benchmarked against responses induced by 17β-estradiol, testosterone and thyroid hormone (T3). We observe a clear seasonal dependence to metabolome-level alteration induced by hormone or contaminant exposures, with February (mid-recrudescence) the stage at which male goldfish are most vulnerable to metabolic perturbation. Responses induced by contaminant exposures differed from those induced by the natural hormones in a season-specific manner. Exposure to the tertiary mixture induced a functional gain at the level of biochemical pathways modeling over responses induced by individual components in select tissues and seasons. We demonstrate the importance of seasonally driven changes in physiology altering overall vulnerability of goldfish to metabolic perturbation induced by environmental contaminants, the relevance of which likely extends to other seasonally-breeding species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N. Bottalico
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Julia Korlyakova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aalim M. Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hamid R Habibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Hamid R Habibi,
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A Review on Environmental Contaminants-Related Fertility Threat in Male Fishes: Effects and Possible Mechanisms of Action Learned from Wildlife and Laboratory Studies. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102817. [PMID: 34679838 PMCID: PMC8532744 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing global rates of diminished fertility in males has been suggested to be associated with exposure to environmental contaminants (ECs). The aquatic environments are the final repository of ECs. As the reproductive system is conserved in vertebrates, studies on the effects of ECs on fertility endpoints in fishes provide us with valuable information to establish biomarkers in risk assessment of ECs, and to understand the ECs-related fertility threat. The aim of the present review was to evaluate associations between ECs and fertility determinants to better understand ECs-related male fertility threat in male fishes. Wildlife studies show that the reproductive system has been affected in fishes sampled from the polluted aquatic environment. The laboratory studies show the potency of ECs including natural and synthetic hormones, alkylphenols, bisphenols, plasticizers, pesticides, pharmaceutical, alkylating, and organotin agents to affect fertility determinants, resulting in diminished fertility at environmentally relevant concentrations. Both wildlife and laboratory studies reveal that ECs adverse effects on male fertility are associated with a decrease in sperm production, damage to sperm morphology, alternations in sperm genome, and decrease in sperm motility kinetics. The efficiency of ECs to affect sperm quality and male fertility highly depends on the concentration of the contaminants and the duration of exposure. Our review highlights that the number of contaminants examined over fertility tests are much lower than the number of contaminants detected in our environment. The ECs effects on fertility are largely unknown when fishes are exposed to the contaminants at early developmental stages. The review suggests the urgent need to examine ECs effects on male fertility when a fish is exposed at different developmental stages in a single or combination protocol. The ECs effects on the sperm genome are largely unknown to understand ECs-related inheritance of reproductive disorders transmitted to the progeny. To elucidate modes of action of ECs on sperm motility, it is needed to study functional morphology of the motility apparatus and to investigate ECs-disrupted motility signaling.
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Ribeiro YM, Weber AA, Paschoalini AL, Moreira DP, Sales CF, Almeida TVPD, Neres MA, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Biomarker responses induced by bisphenol A on spermatogenesis in a Neotropical teleost fish are temperature-dependent. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112670. [PMID: 34418853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound used in the plastic industry with endocrine disrupting activity. Although it is frequently found in surface waters, few studies have investigated its impact on fish gametogenesis, particularly when associated with natural stressors. In this regard, the present study evaluated BPA toxicity on spermatogenesis in the lambari Astyanax bimaculatus under controlled conditions and its interactive effects with water temperature. Adult specimens were exposed in duplicate to 40 μg/L and 400 μg/L BPA at 23 °C and 28 °C for 21 days; the control group did not receive BPA. Testicular samples were collected and analyzed using different cellular and molecular techniques. The results showed a significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index in the BPA-treated groups at both temperatures. A decrease in the testicular levels of 11-ketotestosterone was observed in the 400 μg/L BPA group at 23 °C, 17β-estradiol increased significantly in the treated groups at 28 °C, and vitellogenin showed no difference between the treatments. The morphometric analysis of spermatogenesis revealed a significant increase in the proportion of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and Sertoli cells in the treated groups, with a higher proportion at 23 °C than at 28 °C. Otherwise, the proportion of spermatozoa was significantly lower in the BPA-treated groups, with a greater reduction at 23 °C. In addition, BPA also stimulated spermatogonial proliferation in the treated groups, but apoptosis was significantly increased in spermatids at 23 °C. Testis-ova, cell degeneration, and chromatin alterations in spermatids and Sertoli cells were observed in the germinal epithelium of the BPA-treated groups. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) index revealed that the analyzed endpoints are suitable for assessing estrogenic contamination. Taken together, our results indicate that the interactive effects of BPA and temperature contribute to the impairment of spermatogenesis in A. bimaculatus with more severe effects observed on sperm production at 23 °C than at 28 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Moreira Ribeiro
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Alberto Weber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Loureiro Paschoalini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Davidson Peruci Moreira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferreira Sales
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thais Victória Pires de Almeida
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mirra Angelina Neres
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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12
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4-Nonylphenol induced brain damage in juvenile African catfish (Clarias garepinus). TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13530-021-00080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Shirdel I, Kalbassi MR, Esmaeilbeigi M, Tinoush B. Disruptive effects of nonylphenol on reproductive hormones, antioxidant enzymes, and histology of liver, kidney and gonads in Caspian trout smolts. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 232:108756. [PMID: 32229183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine-disrupting effect of pollutants such as alkylphenols has been considered a major concern during recent years. Although the effects of nonylphenol on the reproductive hormones of fish have been investigated in several studies, the effect of this endocrine disruptor on reproductive hormones of immature fish and salmonid smolts has been less addressed. The present work studied the effects of 1, 10 and 100 μg/l concentrations of nonylphenol on the levels of plasma reproductive hormones and liver antioxidant enzymes as well as on histopathology of reproductive and non-reproductive organs of male and female Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) smolts after 21 days of exposure. The results of the present study showed that environmentally relevant concentrations of nonylphenol affected plasma levels of sex steroids; gonadotropins, phosphorus, estradiol to testosterone ratio, and also caused histopathological lesions in liver, kidney and testis tissues of immature Caspian brown trout during smolting. Nonylphenol significantly increased the levels of estradiol in plasma of both male and female smolts exposed to nonylphenol compared with the control groups. Exposure to nonylphenol decreased testosterone and FSH levels in both genders. It has also increased plasma levels of LH in females but did not affect LH levels in male fish. Liver SOD and CAT content was decreased in nonylphenol-exposed smolts. Therefore, the release of this economically valuable and endangered species into the rivers contaminated with nonylphenol should be avoided as it can have significant effects on the development and reproductive function of smolts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Shirdel
- Marine Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
| | | | | | - Boshra Tinoush
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Sayed AEDH, Kotb AM, Oda S, Kashiwada S, Mitani H. Protective effect of p53 knockout on 4-nonylphenol-induced nephrotoxicity in medaka (Oryzias latipes). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124314. [PMID: 31310970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, environmental pollutants have become common because of misused nonionic surfactants and detergents. Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPs) are one of the most important contaminants of water. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the protective blocking effect of apoptosis (deficient P53 gene) on 4-nonylphenol (4-NP)-induced nephrotoxicity of medaka (Oryzias latipes). We divided 36 fish into six groups: two different control groups of wild type (Wt; Hd-rR) control and p53 (-/-) control, and four different treated with 4-nonylphenol (50 μg/L and 100 μg/L) for 15 days. Histology, immunochemistry, and TUNEL assays confirmed that 4-NP causes nephrotoxicity. Our results showed that 4-NP administration significantly disturbed the kidney structure and function and 4-NP-treated fish showed dilated glomerular vessels, had less glomerular cellular content, decreased expression of glomerular proteins, and an increased level of apoptosis compared with a Wt control group (P < 0.05). As p53 is an apoptotic inducer, some protection in p53-deficient medaka was found as nephrotoxic effects of 4-NP were minimized significantly. Our study demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge that 4-NP induces apoptosis, causing nephrotoxicity in medaka. We found that blocking apoptosis blocking was able to protect the kidney from the toxic effects of 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Kotb
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shoji Oda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shosaku Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
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15
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Eni G, Ibor OR, Andem AB, Oku EE, Chukwuka AV, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Biochemical and endocrine-disrupting effects in Clarias gariepinus exposed to the synthetic pyrethroids, cypermethrin and deltamethrin. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 225:108584. [PMID: 31394255 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated plasma biochemical and steroid hormone responses, together with gonado-histopathological alterations in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of two synthetic pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin). Fish were exposed to environmentally-relevant concentrations of cypermethrin at 0 (ethanol solvent control), 0.07, 0.014, 0.028, 0.056) and deltamethrin at 0.22, 0.44, 0.88 and 1.76 μg/L, for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Plasma enzyme (aspartate transaminase: AST, alanine transaminase: ALT and alkaline phosphatase: ALP) and steroid hormones (estradiol-17β: E2, testosterone: T) levels were analyzed. Gonado-histopathological evaluation shows the presence of ovo-testis (intersex), oocytes atresia, cytoplasmic degeneration and clumping of vitellogenic oocytes in females, while male fish displayed enlargement and degeneration of testicular seminiferous tubules after 28 days exposure to cypermethrin and deltamethrin. Plasma biochemical analysis in pesticides exposed fish revealed that AST, ALT and ALP were significantly increased in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, we observed respective and apparent concentration- and time-dependent increase and decrease of plasma E2 and T levels, compared to control. Interestingly, the significant increase in E2 levels paralleled gonadal ovo-testis (intersex) condition in exposed fish, indicating endocrine disruptive effects of cypermethrin and deltamethrin that favor the estrogenic pathway, in addition to overt negative consequences on reproductive, biochemical and physiological health of the exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Eni
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andem B Andem
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ene E Oku
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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16
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Sayed AEDH, Abd-Elkareem M, Abou Khalil NS. Immunotoxic effects of 4-nonylphenol on Clarias gariepinus: Cytopathological changes in hepatic melanomacrophages. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY 2019; 207:83-90. [PMID: 30537592 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanomacrophage centres (MMCs) play a key role in the immune response in fish. They are considered sensitive bio-monitoring structures with roles in the assessment of toxicant impacts. The aim of this study was to examine the potential histopathological effect of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on hepatic MMCs in Clarias gariepinus. To achieve this objective, adult male fish were divided randomly and equally into two groups: a control group and a group that was exposed to 4-NP (dissolved in water at a dose of 0.1 mg/L) for 21 days. The 4-NP-intoxicated hepatic MMCs contained numerous necrotic macrophages. Superoxide dismutase 2 was immuno-expressed in the hepatic MMCs in both groups, with no significant difference. Histomorphometric examination revealed that the sizes and numbers of MMCs were dramatically higher in the livers of 4-NP-exposed C. gariepinus than in control fish. Following 4-NP challenge, in the liver, the abundance of lipofuscin and haemosiderin pigments increased, and single-pigmented macrophages, aggregated groups of deformed red blood cells (RBCs) and macrophages were present near blood vessels and hepatic sinusoids. These results reveal that 4-NP exerts immunological effects on hepatic MMCs in C. gariepinus and support the utility of MMCs as a cytological biomarker for aquatic exposure to 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nasser S Abou Khalil
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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17
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Saravanan M, Nam SE, Eom HJ, Lee DH, Rhee JS. Long-term exposure to waterborne nonylphenol alters reproductive physiological parameters in economically important marine fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 216:10-18. [PMID: 30419359 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Low concentrations of nonylphenol (NP) in aquatic environment can induce drastic effects on the endocrine system in animals. In this study, we examined the modulatory effects of NP on reproductive and physiological parameters in juveniles of the red seabream and black rockfish following waterborne NP exposure (0, 1, 10, and 50 μg L-1) for 60 days. In red seabream exposed to 50 μg L-1 NP, plasma levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) were significantly lower at 30 and 60 days, while E2 levels were slightly higher in 10 μg L-1-exposed individuals at day 30. Similarly, significantly lower levels of E2 and 11-KT were observed in 10 and 50 μg L-1-exposed black rockfish at 60 days, whereas the E2 level was higher in 1 μg L-1-exposed individuals at day 30. After exposure to NP, plasma and mRNA levels of vitellogenin (VTG) were significantly higher in both species at 30 and 60 days, similar to the inducible effects from synthetic estrogen. Plasma cortisol levels were significantly elevated by relatively higher concentrations of NP (10 and 50 μg L-1) at 30 and 60 days. Finally, 60 days of exposure of 50 μg L-1 NP significantly decreased the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and increased the hepatosomatic index (HSI) in both species. The results obtained from this study provide an evidence of the endocrine disrupting potential of waterborne NP on early stages of economically important marine fish. The NP-triggered endocrine modulation can induce effects on the development of reproductive and metabolic organs in fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoharan Saravanan
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Eom
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, South Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169 Gaetbeol-ro, Incheon 21999, South Korea.
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18
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Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Imiuwa ME, Omogbemi ED, Chukwuka AV, Omiwole RA, Arukwe A. Endocrine disruptor responses in African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 213:7-18. [PMID: 30033399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated the endocrine disruptive effects of waterborne di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP: 0 (control), 10, 100, 200 and 400 μg/L) on juvenile Clarias gariepinus by analyzing transcript patterns for hepatic vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen receptor-α (er-α), aromatase (cyp19a1b) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (ppar-α) using quantitative real-time PCR after 3, 7 and 14 days exposure period. In addition, we analyzed CYP19 and PPAR protein levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while cellular testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were measured using enzyme immune assay (EIA). Tissue burden of DEHP was measured in the liver using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). We observed apparent concentration- and time-dependent increases of vtg, er-α, cyp19a1b transcripts, E2 and T levels after exposure to DEHP. A biphasic pattern of effect was observed for ppar-α, showing a concentration-dependent increase that peaked at 100 μg/L and thereafter, an apparent concentration-dependent decrease at 200 and 400 μg/L at all exposure days. Given that the post-differentiation changes of gonads in C. gariepinus corresponded with the 14-day sampling period, we separated the analyzed data into sexes after histological examination of the gonads, showing that females responded stronger, compared to males, to DEHP exposure at all exposure concentrations. Oocyte atresia, intersex (ovotestis) and karyoplasmic clumping were observed in females while male fish showed distortion and degeneration of seminiferous tubules and condensation of tubular cells in the 400 μg/L exposure group after 14 days. Corresponding canonical analysis (CCA) of all analyzed variables revealed a positive relationship between analyzed biological variables with increasing DEHP concentrations. Overall, molecular, biochemical and physiological responses presented in the present study indicate that exposure of C. gariepinus to waterborne DEHP produced endocrine disruptive responses with potential consequences for overt reproduction, development, physiology and general health of fish populations inhabiting phthalate contaminated aquatic environments. These responses represent valuable and effective biomarkers of exposure and effects, that can be adopted for screening the presence of EDCs in Nigeria and other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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19
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Arumugam S, Ramaiah S. Concentrations of toxic metals (Pb, Cd, Cr) in the tissues and their effects on diversification of Devario aequipinnatus populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:379-390. [PMID: 29869528 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1479516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, momentous consideration has being given to our natural ecosystems due to toxic metals, insidious to our environment execute as pollutants to the freshwater ecosystems. The accumulations of metals were encompassed with lead, cadmium and chromium in organs of Devario aequipinnatus. Although, the microscopic scrutinization from the gill and liver of the fish species were explored, the crucial conditions of the ecosystem. The histological study plays a key role in determining the effects of pollution. In the length-weight relationships of the regression parameters of coefficient value r2, 'a' value and 'b' value were showed the negative allometric growth rate of species D. aequipinnatus. However, the nucleotide sequence blast search was performed in NCBI database. In that the species of D.aequipinnatus were closely associated with other sub-species but within same genus, and it showed the similarity range between 100% and 90% in reference to other species for phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaridasan Arumugam
- a PG and Research Department of Biotechnology , Sri Vinayaga College of Arts and Science , Ulundurpet, Villupuram District , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Soranam Ramaiah
- b Department of Environmental Sciences , Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University , Alwarkurichi , Tamil Nadu , India
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20
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Sayed AEDH, Soliman HAM. Modulatory effects of green tea extract against the hepatotoxic effects of 4-nonylphenol in catfish (Clarias gariepinus). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 149:159-165. [PMID: 29156308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant role of the green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (GTE) was examined to remedy the toxic effects of (0.2mgl-1) 4-nonylphenol(4-NP). Biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, liver lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis as well as histopathology of liver of African catfish Clarias gariepinus were considered. Catfishes were divided into four groups: first group (control), second group (0.2mgl-1 of 4-NP), third group (0.2mgl-1of 4-NP +100mg GTE l-1water), and fourth group (0.2mgl-1 of 4-NP +200mg GTE l-1water). The results showed that significant increments of serum glucose, AST, ALT, total protein, total lipids, cholesterol, G6PDH, and cortisol. Meanwhile, serum acetylcholinesterase, ALP, and LDH were significantly reduced. In addition, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST, and TAC) levels were reduced in 4-NP treated fish compared to control. Also, there were significant increments in hepatic LPO, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic erythrocytes in 4-NP treated fish compared to control. Liver of 4-NP treated fish showed some histopathological alterations such as, vacuolization in hepatocytes, congestion in central vein, infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells, and necrosis as well as depletion of glycogen content of liver. Addition of green tea extract into the water restored the alterations in most of those biomarkers induced by 4-NP. We concluded that, GTE has a protective role against hepatic failure, depletion of antioxidant defense, and genotoxicity induced 4-NP in C. gariepinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy A M Soliman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, 8562 Sohag, Egypt
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21
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Sayed AEDH, Kataoka C, Oda S, Kashiwada S, Mitani H. Sensitivity of medaka (Oryzias latipes) to 4-nonylphenol subacute exposure; erythrocyte alterations and apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 58:98-104. [PMID: 29306823 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of the endocrine-disrupting compound; 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in medaka (Oryzias latipes). The frequencies of erythrocyte alterations, apoptosis, and micronuclei were used as biological indicators of damage. Medaka were exposed 15 days to 4-NP at three sublethal concentrations (50, 80, and 100 μg/l 4-NP) and results compared with those of a previous study using catfish as an animal model. Exposure of medaka resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of erythrocyte alterations, apoptosis and micronucleus (MN). Many morphological alterations and nuclear abnormalities were observed, including acanthocytes, lobed nucleus, eccentric nucleus, fragmented nucleus, blebbed nucleus, binuclei, deformed nucleus, notched nucleus, hemolysed cells, crenated cells, teardrop-like cells, and schistocytes. Mortality was recorded after treatment with 80 and 100 μg/l 4-NP, indicating that medaka are more sensitive than catfish to 4-NP exposure. We concluded that, 4-NP causes several malformations in the shape and number of erythrocytes in medaka, indicating its genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt; Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.
| | - Chisato Kataoka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Shoji Oda
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shosaku Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; Research Center of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mitani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
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Sayed AEDH, Ismail RFK. Endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and testicular damage induced by 4-nonylphenol in Clarias gariepinus: the protective role of Cydonia oblonga. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:1095-1104. [PMID: 28285354 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to xenoestrogens like 4-nonylphenol (NP) is recognized by disrupting endocrine functions and causes reproductive dysfunction in male fish. The present study aimed at investigating the 4-nonylphenol propensity to induce oxidative stress and hormonal disturbances in male catfish and at studying the protective role of quince (Cydonia oblonga). To fulfill this aim, catfish Clarias gariepinus were exposed to pure 100 μg/L 4-NP and to quince the leaf extract added to 4-NP, both for 15 days. The 4-NP exposure induced a marked increase in 17ß-estradiol (E2), LH, and cortisol, while thyroid hormone (TSH, T3), testosterone (T), and FSH levels noticeably decreased; however, 4-NP had no effect on T4 level. Moreover, 4-NP exposure was accompanied by histological impairments in testes. Existence of 4-NP was associated with oxidative damage as evidenced by the significant increase (p < 0.05) of the enzymes, superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), glutathione s-transferase, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Adding quince was effective to neutralize hormonal levels and to repair the testicular histological alterations. In response to quince remedy, the enzymes AchE and MDA reduced significantly (p < 0.05), while limited or no response was detected for other tested enzymes. Our results concluded that quince can antagonize 4-NP toxicity in catfish, confirming that quince leaf extract displayed antioxidant activities against the toxicity of hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Laboratory of Fish Biology and Pollution, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Rania F K Ismail
- Laboratory of Fish Reproduction, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography Fisheries, Alexandria, 21556, Egypt
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Sayed AEDH, Hamed HS. Induction of apoptosis and DNA damage by 4-nonylphenol in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and the antioxidant role of Cydonia oblonga. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:97-101. [PMID: 28113117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the toxic effects of sub lethal concentration (0.1mgl-1) 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on serum biochemical parameters, liver lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus for 14 days and the ability of the quince leaf extract to alleviate the effects of (4-NP). Fish were categorized into four groups: control, exposure to 0.1mgl-1 4-NP, exposure to 0.1mgl-1 4-NP with quince leaf extract (10ml/30L water), and exposure to 0.1mgl-1 4-NP with quince leaf extract (20ml/30L water). 4-NP exposure induced a significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of glucose, AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, uric acid, cholesterol, and G6PDH as well as, the percentages of hepatic LPO level, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic erythrocytes (p<0.05). A significant (p<0.05) decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, globulin, total lipids, and LDH were also recorded. Liver enzyme activities (SOD, CAT and TAC) were increased. Addition of the quince leaf extract into the water was able to reinstate the alterations in biochemical parameters, antioxidant biomarkers, apoptotic level and hepatic DNA damage induced by 4-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Heba S Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of women for Arts, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mekkawy IA, Mahmoud U, Salah S. Atrazine-induced Changes in some Biochemical Parameters of the Early Developmental Stages of the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajbmb.2017.21.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ibor OR, Adeogun AO, Fagbohun OA, Arukwe A. Gonado-histopathological changes, intersex and endocrine disruptor responses in relation to contaminant burden in Tilapia species from Ogun River, Nigeria. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:248-262. [PMID: 27591376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the occurrence of intersex condition, histopathological changes in the gonad and endocrine disruptor biomarker responses in Tilapia species (Tilaipia guineensis, Sarotherodon galileaus and Oreochromis niloticus) along the Ogun River, Nigeria. The study sites covered a length of 320 km and a total of 1074 tilapias were collected from three sampling sites (Abeokuta, Isheri and Ikorodu) with different degrees of anthropogenic contamination. Samples were also collected from an upstream putative control site (Igboho) along the Ogun River. Hepatic transcript levels for vitellogenin (Vtg), zona radiata (Zrp) and aromatase (cyp19a1) were analyzed using real-time PCR. Gross gonadal morphology revealed a 24% prevalence of intersex showing visible testis and ovary in phenotypic females (25.4%) or males (74.6%). The intersex condition paralleled histopathological changes (ovotestis or testis-ova) in the gonads of female and male fish, respectively. Plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and estradiol-17β (E2) were measured using enzyme immunoassay, showing that male fish from downstream of the control site had significantly higher plasma E2, LH, and FSH concentrations compared to females. Similarly, Vtg, Zrp and cyp19a1 mRNA was significantly higher in males, compared to females. Analysis of contaminants showed the presence of 15 PCB congeners, lindane and dieldrin, and 4-iso-nonylphenol (4-iso-NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP) in fish muscle and sediment samples from Ogun River. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed site and sex relationships between measured biological responses to groups of environmental contaminants, showing that the endocrine disruptive responses in fish were associated with biota and sediment contaminant burden. In addition, strong positive correlations were observed between male fish and Zrp, cyp19a1, E2, LH, FSH, PCBs, 4-iso-NP and 4-tert-OP, suggesting possible feminization effects of these contaminants on the male. In female fish, PCBs, 4-iso-NP and 4-tert-OP showed positive relationships with 11-KT and gonadosomatic index (GSI), suggesting masculinization effects by these contaminants. Overall, our findings demonstrate a causal relationship between endocrine disruption and contaminants burden in Tilapias species from Ogun River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun A Fagbohun
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Ismail HTH, Mahboub HHH. Effect of acute exposure to nonylphenol on biochemical, hormonal, and hematological parameters and muscle tissues residues of Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus. Vet World 2016; 9:616-25. [PMID: 27397986 PMCID: PMC4937054 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.616-625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate some biochemical, hormonal, hematological, and histopathological changes in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, after acute exposure to nonylphenol (NP). In addition to detection of NP residues in the fish, muscle tissues for human health concern. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 apparently healthy Nile tilapia, O. niloticus, were randomly divided into three equal groups; each containing 30 fish (three replicates). Groups 1 and 2 kept as a control and solvent control (acetone), respectively, and Group 3 exposed to NP at a dose level of 500 µg/L water for 7 successive days. Blood and tissue samples were collected 2 times randomly from each group after 7 days from fish exposure to NP and 10 days from exposure stopping. Results: Fish exposed to NP Group 3 showed anorexia, sluggish movement, erythema of the skin, areas of scales loss, and hemorrhagic ulcers in some areas of body region leading to exposing the viscera. Biochemical results revealed a significant increase in serum total proteins and globulins levels, a highly significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, triglycerides, cholesterol, and creatinine levels, insignificant increase in serum uric acid level, and a highly significant decrease in serum testosterone and estradiol-β17 levels in Group 3 in compare with the control group. Histopathological finding confirms these results. While hematological results of the same group revealed a significant increase in red blood cells count and packed cell volume value, insignificant increase in hemoglobin concentration, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and monocytopenia in compared with the control group. All of these changes appeared after 7 days from fish exposure to NP. Most of these alterations returned toward the normal level after 10 days from stopping exposure to NP. NP residues detected in fish muscle tissues of Group 3 during exposure and after stopping exposure to it. Conclusion: It is concluded that NP is a toxic pollutant and has an adverse effect on fish health and reproduction as well as accumulates in fish muscle tissues which may cause human health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hager Tarek H Ismail
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Province, Egypt
| | - Heba Hassan H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, Sharkia Province, Egypt
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Sayed AEDH, Mohamed NH, Ismail MA, Abdel-Mageed WM, Shoreit AAM. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities of Calotropis procera latex on Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to toxic 4-nonylphenol. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 128:189-94. [PMID: 26946283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calotropis procera L. is known as medicinal plant. The Phytochemical analyzes of its latex revealed that it possessed antioxidants, namely terpenes, phenolic compounds and cardenolides, flavonoids and saponins, while tannins, alkaloids and resin were absent in moderate to high concentration. In the present study, the role of latex of Calotropis procera as antioxidant and antiapoptotic was reported. To carry out this aim, fishes were exposed to 100 µg l(-1) 4-nonylphenol as chemical pollutant. The enzymes, superoxidase dismutase, catalase, acetlycholinstrase (AchE), glutathione s-transferase, cortisol, G6PDH) and apoptotic cells increased significantly (p<0.05) accompanied by irregular disturbance of (Na(+), K(+)) ions in the presence of 4-nonylphenol. On the other hand, these enzymes, ions, and apoptotic cells decreased normally and significantly (p<0.05) in the presence of latex. Total phenol content, total capacity antioxidant, reducing power decrease significantly (p<0.05) in the presence of 4-nonylphenol and increase normally in the presence of latex. Latex was used for the first time to protect catfish after 4-nonylphenol exposure. Our study confirms that crude latex of Calotropis procera possessed antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities against the toxicity of 4-Nonylphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Nadia H Mohamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Samtah, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mady A Ismail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A M Shoreit
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Zhang YX, Yang X, Zou P, Du PF, Wang J, Jin F, Jin MJ, She YX. Nonylphenol Toxicity Evaluation and Discovery of Biomarkers in Rat Urine by a Metabolomics Strategy through HPLC-QTOF-MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13050501. [PMID: 27187439 PMCID: PMC4881126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) was quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the urine and plasma of rats treated with 0, 50, and 250 mg/kg/day of NP for four consecutive days. A urinary metabolomic strategy was originally implemented by high performance liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS) to explore the toxicological effects of NP and determine the overall alterations in the metabolite profiles so as to find potential biomarkers. It is essential to point out that from the observation, the metabolic data were clearly clustered and separated for the three groups. To further identify differentiated metabolites, multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), high-resolution MS/MS analysis, as well as searches of Metlin and Massbank databases, were conducted on a series of metabolites between the control and dose groups. Finally, five metabolites, including glycine, glycerophosphocholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, malonaldehyde (showing an upward trend), and tryptophan (showing a downward trend), were identified as the potential urinary biomarkers of NP-induced toxicity. In order to validate the reliability of these potential biomarkers, an independent validation was performed by using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based targeted approach. The oxidative stress reflected by urinary 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) levels was elevated in individuals highly exposed to NP, supporting the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction was a result of xenoestrogen accumulation. This study reveals a promising approach to find biomarkers to assist researchers in monitoring NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Pan Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Fen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mao-Jun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yong-Xin She
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
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Shirdel I, Kalbassi MR. Effects of nonylphenol on key hormonal balances and histopathology of the endangered Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 183-184:28-35. [PMID: 26811907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) potentially pose a hazard to endangered species. Evaluation of the sensitivity of these species to EDCs could be helpful for protecting their populations. So, the present study investigated the adverse effects of nonylphenol, an EDC, on the endocrine hormones and histopathology of male and female juvenile Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) following 21 days of exposure to nominal concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 μg/l. The results showed that the HSI and plasma total calcium of male and female fishes exposed to 100 μg/l nonylphenol were significantly increased compared with the control groups (P<0.001). The male plasma T3 level was significantly decreased in 10 (P<0.01) and 100 (P<0.001) μg/l nonylphenol. The female T3 level increased in 1 μg/l nonylphenol concentration (P<0.05). The plasma T4 of males showed significant elevation in fishes exposed to 100 μg/l nonylphenol (P<0.05), but no change for females in any of treatment groups relative to controls (P>0.05). No significant effect of nonylphenol exposure was observed on male plasma TSH levels (P>0.05), whereas, in females, nonylphenol at all concentrations significantly reduced TSH levels. A bell-shaped response was observed in male and female plasma GH levels. Moreover, various histopathological lesions were observed in gill and intestine tissues of fishes exposed to different nonylphenol concentrations. These results demonstrate the high sensitivity of this endangered species to even environmentally relevant concentrations of nonylphenol. Furthermore, Caspian brown trout could be used as bioindicators reflecting the toxicity of nonylphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Shirdel
- Department of Fisheries, Marine Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalbassi
- Department of Fisheries, Marine Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 46414-356, Noor, Iran.
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30
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Yılmaz D, Kalay M, Dönmez E, Yılmaz N. Assessment of biological effects of environmental pollution in Mersin Bay (Turkey, northeastern Mediterranean Sea) using Mullus barbatus and Liza ramada as target organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:361-370. [PMID: 26552534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emphasis on the assessment and monitoring of marine ecosystems has revealed the need to use appropriate biological indicators for these areas. Enzyme activities and histopathology are increasingly being used as indicators of environmental stress since they provide a definite biological end-point of pollutant exposure. As part of an ecotoxicological assessment of Mersin Bay, EROD enzyme activity and histopathological response in selected organs and tissues of two species of fish, Mullus barbatus (red mullet) and Liza ramada (thinlip grey mullet), captured from area were examined. Pollutant (Organochlorines (OC), alkylphenols (APs) and BPA) levels and biomarker responses in tissue samples were evaluated together for their potential to alter the metabolism and cellular aspects in liver and gonad. Elevated induction of EROD activity and histopathological alterations in contaminated samples from Mersin Bay was observed compared to reference site indicating the exposure to potential pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doruk Yılmaz
- Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Yenisehir Kampusu, P.O. Box 33169 Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kalay
- Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Yenisehir Kampusu, P.O. Box 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Erdem Dönmez
- Faculty of Fisheries, Mersin University, Yenisehir Kampusu, P.O. Box 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nejat Yılmaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Kampusu, P.O. Box 33169 Mersin, Turkey
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31
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Atli G, Ariyurek SY, Kanak EG, Canli M. Alterations in the serum biomarkers belonging to different metabolic systems of fish (Oreochromis niloticus) after Cd and Pb exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:508-515. [PMID: 26310509 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The serum of vertebrates including human gives sufficient data about the current health status of organism in concern. Biomarkers have gained importance in evaluation of data from biological monitoring studies. In this study, freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus were individually exposed Cd or Pb using acute (10μM, 2 d) and chronic (20μM, 20 d) exposure protocols to investigate the alterations in serum parameters (ALP, ALT, AST, LDH, lipase, glucose, protein, cholesterol and triglyceride) and response of the endocrine system functioning in different axis, namely HPI (cortisol), HPT (TSH, T3, T4), gonadal (LH, FSH) and prolactin. Data showed that except LH, the levels of all hormones decreased significantly following exposure to Cd and Pb both in acute and chronic exposures. In acute exposures, the activity of ALP and levels of cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly following both Cd and Pb exposures, while glucose levels increased only after Cd exposure. In chronic exposures, both metal exposures caused significant decreases in ALP activity and levels of cholesterol and triglyceride, though there were increases in glucose level after Cd exposure and AST, ALT and LDH levels after Pb exposure. Data emphasized the importance of biomarker selection and multiparameter usage of relevant systems in ecotoxicological research to achieve proper evaluation of environmental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülüzar Atli
- Çukurova University, Vocational School of Imamoglu, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Esin G Kanak
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Canli
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, Adana, Turkey.
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Sridevi P, Chaitanya RK, Prathibha Y, Balakrishna SL, Dutta-Gupta A, Senthilkumaran B. Early exposure of 17α-ethynylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol induces morphological changes and alters ovarian steroidogenic pathway enzyme gene expression in catfish, Clarias gariepinus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:439-51. [PMID: 24273110 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens are major cause of endocrine disruption in vertebrates, including aquatic organisms. Teleosts are valuable and popular models for studying the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment. In the present study, we investigated the changes caused by exposure to the synthetic estrogens 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2 ) and diethylstilbesterol (DES) during early stages of growth and sex differentiation of air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus, at the morphological, histological, and molecular levels. Catfish hatchlings, 0 day post hatch (dph) were exposed continuously to sublethal doses of EE2 (50 ng/L) and DES (10 ng/L) until 50 dph and subsequently monitored for ovarian structural changes and alteration in the gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes till adulthood. Treated fish exhibited morphological deformities such as spinal curvature, stunted growth, and yolk-sac fluid retention. In addition to ovarian atrophy, DES-treated fish showed either rudimentary or malformed ovaries. Detailed histological studies revealed precocious oocyte development as well as follicular atresia. Further, transcript levels of various steroidogenic enzyme and transcription factor genes were altered in response to EE2 and DES. Activity of the rate-limiting enzyme of estrogen biosynthesis, aromatase, in the ovary as well as the brain of treated fish was in accordance with transcript level changes. These developmental and molecular effects imparted by EE2 and DES during early life stages of catfish could demonstrate the deleterious effects of estrogen exposure and provide reliable markers for estrogenic EDCs exposure in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sridevi
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P O Central University, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
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Agbohessi PT, Imorou Toko I, Ouédraogo A, Jauniaux T, Mandiki SNM, Kestemont P. Assessment of the health status of wild fish inhabiting a cotton basin heavily impacted by pesticides in Benin (West Africa). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 506-507:567-84. [PMID: 25433386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To determine the impact of agricultural pesticides used in cotton cultivation on the health status of fish living in a Beninese cotton basin, we compared the reproductive and hepatic systems of fish sampled from rivers located in both contaminated and pristine conditions. Different types of biomarkers, including biometric indices (a condition factor K, a gonadosomatic index GSI, and a hepatosomatic index HSI), plasma levels of sex steroids (11-ketotestosterone 11-KT, testosterone T and estradiol-17β E2) and the histopathology of the gonads and liver, were investigated for two different trophic levels of the following two fish species: the Guinean tilapia Tilapia guineensis and the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. The fish were captured during both the rainy season (when there is heavy use of pesticides on cotton fields) and the dry season from one site, in Pendjari River (reference site), which is located outside the cotton-producing basin, and from three other sites on the Alibori River within the cotton-producing basin. Comparing fish that were sampled from contaminated (high levels of endosulfan, heptachlor and DDT and metabolites) and reference sites, the results clearly indicated that agricultural pesticides significantly decreased K and GSI while they increased HSI, regardless of the season, species and sex of the fish. These pesticides also induced a decrease in the plasma levels of 11-KT and T and increased those of E2. The histopathology of the testes revealed, in both species, a high rate of testicular oocytes, up to 50% in the African catfish, downstream of the Alibori River, which indicated estrogenic effects from the pesticides. The disruption of male spermatogenesis primarily included necrosis, fibrosis and the presence of foam cells in the lobular lumen. The histopathology of the ovaries revealed high levels of pre-ovulatory follicular atresia, impaired oogenesis, a decrease in the oocyte vitellogenic diameter and other lesions, such as fibrosis, vacuolation and melano-macrophagic centers. The histopathology of the liver revealed the presence of necrosis, hypertrophic hepatocytes, foci of vacuolation, glycogen depletion and hemosiderin. An assessment of the general health of the fish indicated that all of the sampled fish from the polluted sites were in poorer health compared with those from the reference site but that the African catfish appeared much more affected than the Guinean tilapia, regardless of the sex and season. In conclusion, the overall results indicated that agricultural pesticides significantly impair the endocrine regulation of fish living in the Beninese cotton basin and that this would most likely be one of the causes of the severe damage observed in the liver and gonads and the reduced health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudencio T Agbohessi
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; Research Unit in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (URAEAq), University of Parakou, Benin.
| | - Ibrahim Imorou Toko
- Research Unit in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (URAEAq), University of Parakou, Benin
| | - Alfred Ouédraogo
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Molecular biology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Thierry Jauniaux
- Department of General Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - S N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
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Sayed AEDH, Zaki RM, El-Dean AMK, Abdulrazzaq AY. The biological activity of new thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole compounds as anti-oxidants against toxicity of 4-nonylphenol in Clarias gariepinus. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:1445-1453. [PMID: 28962487 PMCID: PMC5598507 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of bi functionally substituted thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole compounds was carried out by a new method. The substituted group at position five is namely (carbonitrile, carboxamide, N-(substitutedphenyl) carboxamide and benzoyl group). Chloroacetylation of the amino thieno[2,3-c]pyrazolecarboxamide compound afforded the chloroacetyl amino derivative. The chemical structure of the newly synthesized compounds was established by elemental and spectral analysis including IR, 1H NMR spectra in addition to 13C NMR and mass spectra for most of them. In the present work, we assessed the role of the new synthesized thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole compounds as antioxidants against the toxicity of the 4-nonylphenol on the red blood cells of the most economically important Nile fishes namely African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The erythrocytes alterations were used as biological indicators to detect those effects. After exposure to 4-nonylphenol, the erythrocytes malformations (swelled cells, sickle cells, tear drop like cells, acanthocytes, and vacuolated cells) were recorded in highest number in comparison with other groups control and those injected with thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole compounds. So, the new thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole compounds can be used as antioxidants against toxicity of 4-nonylphenol on fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
- Corresponding author. Fax: +20 882342708.
| | - Remon M. Zaki
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
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Agbohessi PT, Toko II, Atchou V, Tonato R, Mandiki SNM, Kestemont P. Pesticides used in cotton production affect reproductive development, endocrine regulation, liver status and offspring fitness in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 167:157-72. [PMID: 25445569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We exposed African catfish Clarias gariepinus from embryo-larvae stage to adult stage (13 months old, BW) to chronic doses of Tihan 175 O-TEQ and endosulfan (Thionex) and assessed the impact of this exposure on endocrine regulation, liver status and offspring fitness. Endosulfan exposure caused a significant increase in plasma estradiol-17β (E2) and decreased plasma testosterone (T) but not 11 ketotestosterone (11-KT). Tihan decreased significantly plasma E2 and 11-KT, but not T. Endosulfan doses altered gonad histology and induced high proportions (18–30% of males) of ovotestis in males and follicular atretic oocytes in females, indicating occurrence of feminization in fish. Tihan also altered gonad histology but only one case of ovotestis was observed at the highest dose. Presence of foam cells in lobular lumen, fibrosis, necrosis, and immature cells released in lobular lumen were found in male gonads and melano-macrophage centers (MMCs), necrosis, fibrosis and vacuolation were observed in female gonads. Fish livers also suffered injuries such as MMCs, necrosis, fibrosis, vacuolation, dilatation of sinusoids, and nuclear pleomorphism. Chronic Tihan and Thionex exposures decreased fertilization rate, hatching rate, ova and larval weight, as well as larval resistance to osmotic choc. They also delayed hatching and increased abnormalities in the F1 generation, all these indicators suggesting transgenerational effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudencio T Agbohessi
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
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Saravanan M, Hur JH, Arul N, Ramesh M. Toxicological effects of clofibric acid and diclofenac on plasma thyroid hormones of an Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala during short and long-term exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:948-958. [PMID: 25461555 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the toxicity of most commonly detected pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment namely clofibric acid (CA) and diclofenac (DCF) was investigated in an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala. Fingerlings of C. mrigala were exposed to different concentrations (1, 10 and 100μgL(-1)) of CA and DCF for a period of 96h (short term) and 35 days (long term). The toxic effects of CA and DCF on thyroid hormones (THs) such as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were evaluated. During the short and long-term exposure period TSH level was found to be decreased at all concentrations of CA (except at the end of 14(th) day in 1 and 10μgL(-l) and 21(st) day in 1μgL(-l)) whereas in DCF exposed fish TSH level was found to be increased when compared to control groups. T4 level was found to be decreased at 1 and 100μgL(-l) of CA exposure at the end of 96h. However, T4 level was decreased at all concentrations of CA and DCF during long-term (35 days) exposure period. Fish exposed to all concentrations of CA and DCF had lower level of T3 in both the treatments. These results suggest that both CA and DCF drugs induced significant changes (P<0.01 and P<0.05) on thyroid hormonal levels of C. mrigala. The alterations of these hormonal levels can be used as potential biomarkers in monitoring of pharmaceutical drugs in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoharan Saravanan
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India; Bio-Regulatory Chemistry Lab, Department of Biological Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hyun Hur
- Bio-Regulatory Chemistry Lab, Department of Biological Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Narayanasamy Arul
- Department of Life Science, Research Center for Cell Homeostasis, Ewha Womens University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Maltais D, Roy RL. Effects of nonylphenol and ethinylestradiol on copper redhorse (Moxostoma hubbsi), an endangered species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 108:168-178. [PMID: 25063883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The copper redhorse, Moxostoma hubbsi, is an endangered species endemic to Quebec. The presence of contaminants, in particular endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), in its habitat has been advanced as partly responsible for the reproductive difficulties encountered by the species. In the present study, immature copper redhorse were exposed to the estrogenic surfactant nonylphenol (NP; 1, 10 and 50µg/l) and the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2; 10ng/l) for 21 days in a flow-through system. The endpoints investigated included general health indicators (hepatosomatic index and hematocrit), thyroid hormones, sex steroids, brain aromatase activity, plasma and mucus vitellogenin (VTG), cytochrome P4501A protein expression and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and muscle acetylcholinesterase. Exposure to 10ng EE2/l significantly increased brain aromatase activity. Exposure to 50µg NP/l resulted in a significant reduction of plasma testosterone concentrations and a significant induction of hepatic HSP70 protein expression. NP at 50µg/l also induced plasma and mucus VTG. The presence of elevated VTG levels in the surface mucus of immature copper redhorse exposed to NP, and its correlation to plasma VTG, supports the use of mucus VTG as a non-invasive biomarker to evaluate copper redhorse exposure to EDCs in the environment and contribute to restoration efforts of the species. The results of the present study indicate that exposure to high environmentally relevant concentrations of NP and EE2 can affect molecular endpoints related to reproduction in the copper redhorse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domynick Maltais
- Pêches et Océans Canada, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, 850 route de la Mer, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada G5H 3Z4.
| | - Robert L Roy
- Pêches et Océans Canada, Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, 850 route de la Mer, Mont-Joli, QC, Canada G5H 3Z4
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El-Sayed Ali T, Abdel-Aziz SH, El-Sayed AFM, Zeid S. Structural and functional effects of early exposure to 4-nonylphenol on gonadal development of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): b-histological alterations in testes. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:1495-507. [PMID: 24805085 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of different doses (0, 40, 60, 100 μg/L) of 4-nonylphenol (NP) on testis histology and sperms motility of mature Oreochromis niloticus. A tendency for a dose-dependent reduction in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) in the NP-exposed groups was observed. Histological examination revealed that high doses of NP (60 and 100 μg/L) cause hyperplasia of interlobular connective tissue components coincide with decrease in the size of seminiferous lobules and amount of lumen spermatozoa in comparison with the control and low-dose (40 μg/L)-exposed groups. In addition, within the seminiferous lobules, rupture of spermatogenic cysts, vacuolation and necrosis of primary spermatocytes due to damage of sertoli cells were clearly observed and lead to decrease in advanced spermatogenic cells. The highest dose caused significant decrease in the GSI associated with appearance of testis-ova (intersex) state. The percentage of abnormal sperms increased with increasing the dose of NP reaching to 96 % for those subjected to 100 μg NP/L, while it was only 11 % for the control group specimens. The study indicates that NP has estrogenic potency induced marked alteration in the sexual development including inhibition in testicular growth and deformation in the sperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T El-Sayed Ali
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,
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Chang CH, Tsai MS, Lin CL, Hou JW, Wang TH, Tsai YA, Liao KW, Mao IF, Chen ML. The association between nonylphenols and sexual hormones levels among pregnant women: a cohort study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104245. [PMID: 25148048 PMCID: PMC4141752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonylphenol (NP) has been proven as an endocrine disrupter and had the ability to interfere with the endocrine system. Though the health effects of NP on pregnant women and their fetuses are sustained, these negative associations related to the mechanisms of regulation for estrogen during pregnancy need to be further clarified. The objective of this study is to explore the association between maternal NP and hormonal levels, such as estradiol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and progesterone. Methods A pregnant women cohort was established in North Taiwan between March and December 2010. Maternal urine and blood samples from the first, second, and third trimesters of gestation were collected. Urinary NP concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detection. A mixed-effects model using a generalised estimating equation (GEE) was applied to assess the associations between maternal NP concentration and plasma hormones throughout the three trimesters. Results In total, 162 singleton pregnant women completed this study through delivery. The geometric mean of creatinine-adjusted urinary NP concentrations were 4.27, 4.21, and 4.10 µg/g cre. in the first, second, and third trimesters respectively. A natural log-transformation of urinary NP concentrations were significantly associated with LH in the GEE model (β = −0.23 mIU/ml, p<0.01). Conclusion This perspective cohort study demonstrates that negative association occurs between maternal NP exposure and plasma LH levels. The estrogen-mimic effect of NP might influence the negative feedback on LH during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huang Chang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of OBS & GYN, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Song Tsai
- Department of OBS & GYN, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ling Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Woei Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory (GMRCL), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-An Tsai
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Liao
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Fang Mao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Xi Y, Li D, San W. Exposure to the endocrine disruptor nonylphenol alters structure and function of thyroid gland in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 185:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Buchinger S, Heininger P, Schlüsener M, Reifferscheid G, Claus E. Estrogenic effects along the river Saale. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2013; 32:526-534. [PMID: 23280691 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sediments along the river Saale, one of the main tributaries of the river Elbe, were characterized with the yeast estrogen screen to elucidate possible sources of endocrine-disrupting compounds that might contribute to the downstream contamination of the river Elbe. At two sampling sites, elevated levels of estrogenic activity up to 55,000 ng ethinylestradiol equivalents per kilogram sediment dry weight were detected in the respective sediment extracts. Aliquots of the sediment extracts were analyzed for 4-nonylphenols and natural steroidal estrogens as possible candidates with an estrogenic potential. The maximal concentrations of 4-iso-nonylphenol and estrone were 115 mg/kg dry weight and 20 µg/kg dry weight at the sampling site Luppe, which showed in accordance the highest biological activity. Under consideration of compound concentration and compound specific estrogenic activity the 4-iso-nonylphenols contributed most to the observed estrogenic effect. A strong correlation between the measured estrogenic activity and the concentration of the sediment-associated 4-iso-nonylphenol underlines the relevance of this compound class as a xenoestrogen in the catchment area of the river Saale.
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Scholz S, Renner P, Belanger SE, Busquet F, Davi R, Demeneix BA, Denny JS, Léonard M, McMaster ME, Villeneuve DL, Embry MR. Alternatives to in vivo tests to detect endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in fish and amphibians--screening for estrogen, androgen and thyroid hormone disruption. Crit Rev Toxicol 2012. [PMID: 23190036 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2012.737762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruption is considered a highly relevant hazard for environmental risk assessment of chemicals, plant protection products, biocides and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, screening tests with a focus on interference with estrogen, androgen, and thyroid hormone pathways in fish and amphibians have been developed. However, they use a large number of animals and short-term alternatives to animal tests would be advantageous. Therefore, the status of alternative assays for endocrine disruption in fish and frogs was assessed by a detailed literature analysis. The aim was to (i) determine the strengths and limitations of alternative assays and (ii) present conclusions regarding chemical specificity, sensitivity, and correlation with in vivo data. Data from 1995 to present were collected related to the detection/testing of estrogen-, androgen-, and thyroid-active chemicals in the following test systems: cell lines, primary cells, fish/frog embryos, yeast and cell-free systems. The review shows that the majority of alternative assays measure effects directly mediated by receptor binding or resulting from interference with hormone synthesis. Other mechanisms were rarely analysed. A database was established and used for a quantitative and comparative analysis. For example, a high correlation was observed between cell-free ligand binding and cell-based reporter cell assays, between fish and frog estrogenic data and between fish embryo tests and in vivo reproductive effects. It was concluded that there is a need for a more systematic study of the predictive capacity of alternative tests and ways to reduce inter- and intra-assay variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.
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Khidr BM, Mekkawy IAA, Harabawy ASA, Ohaida ASMI. Effect of lead nitrate on the liver of the cichlid fish (Oreochromis niloticus): a light microscope study. Pak J Biol Sci 2012; 15:854-862. [PMID: 24205754 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2012.854.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The adverse impacts of heavy metals on fish liver were evident with great variability among organs and species. The present study deals with the histological changes of the hepatocytes of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, following exposure to 2.5, 5, 10 ppm of lead nitrate for 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks. The present results revealed that lead nitrate exerts some histological effects on the hepatic tissue after exposure to the first concentration in the form of dilatation and congestion of the blood vessels, vacuolation of hepatic cells, proliferation of connective tissue and hepatic necrosis. Leucocyte aggregation-mostly lymphatic in nature-was seen infiltrating hepatic tissue. These alterations became more pronounced in liver of fishes exposed to second concentrations indicating more progressive signs of necrosis. The presence of eosinophilic oedematous areas surrounding some blood vessels was also observed. Finally, at the third concentration, in addition to the above alterations, melanomacrophages, which store lipofuscin at the site of necrosis, were observed. These histological results imply that the fish liver may serve as a target organ for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of lead nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bothaina M Khidr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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