1
|
Nie E, Xu L, Chen Y, Chen Y, Lu Y, Zhang S, Yu Z, Li QX, Ye Q, Wang H. Effects of reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials on transformation of 14C-triclosan in soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:173858. [PMID: 38876353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Increasing use and release of graphene nanomaterials and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in soil environment have polluted the environment and posed high ecological risks. However, little is understood about the interactive effects and mechanism of graphene on the behaviors of PPCPs in soil. In the present study, the effects of reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials (RGO) on the fate of triclosan in two typical soils (S1: silty loam; S2: silty clay loam) were investigated with 14C-triclosan, high-resolution mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and microbial community structure analysis. The results showed that RGO prolonged the half-life of triclosan by 23.6-51.3 %, but delayed the formation of transformed products such as methyl triclosan and dechlorinated dimer of triclosan in the two typical soils. Mineralization of triclosan to 14CO2 was inhibited by 48.2-79.3 % in 500 mg kg-1 RGO in comparison with that in the control, whereas the bound residue was 54.2-56.4 % greater than the control. RGO also reduced the relative abundances of triclosan-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas) in soils. Compared to silty loam, RGO more effectively inhibited triclosan degradation in silty clay loam. Furthermore, the DFT calculations suggested a strong association of the adsorption of triclosan on RGO with the van der Waals forces and π-π interactions. These results revealed that RGO inhibited the transformation of 14C-triclosan in soil through strong adsorption and triclosan-degrading bacteria inhibition in soils. Therefore, the presence of RGO may potentially enhance persistence of triclosan in soil. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the risk assessment of triclosan in the presence of GNs in soil environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enguang Nie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yandao Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuhui Lu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Liu L, Jin B, Liu Y, Liang X. Critical review on the environmental behaviors and toxicity of triclosan and its removal technologies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173013. [PMID: 38719041 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
As a highly effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, triclosan (TCS) is widely used in personal care and medical disinfection products, resulting in its widespread occurrence in aquatic and terrestrial environments, and even in the human body. Notably, the use of TCS surged during the COVID-19 outbreak, leading to increasing environmental TCS pollution pressure. From the perspective of environmental health, it is essential to systematically understand the environmental occurrence and behavior of TCS, its toxicological effects on biota and humans, and technologies to remove TCS from the environment. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge regarding the sources and behavior of TCS in surface water, groundwater, and soil systems, focusing on its toxicological effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Effluent from wastewater treatment plants is the primary source of TCS in aquatic systems, whereas sewage application and/or wastewater irrigation are the major sources of TCS in soil. Human exposure pathways to TCS and associated adverse outcomes were also analyzed. Skin and oral mucosal absorption, and dietary intake are important TCS exposure pathways. Reducing or completely degrading TCS in the environment is important for alleviating environmental pollution and protecting public health. Therefore, this paper reviews the removal mechanisms, including adsorption, biotic and abiotic redox reactions, and the influencing factors. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques are compared, and development prospects are proposed. These findings provide a basis for the management and risk assessment of TCS and are beneficial for the application of treatment technology in TCS removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Liangying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China.
| | - Biao Jin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Shandong Vocational College of Light Industry, Zibo 255300, PR China.
| | - Xiaoliang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nomura R, Suehiro Y, Tojo F, Matayoshi S, Okawa R, Hamada M, Naka S, Matsumoto-Nakano M, Unesaki R, Koumoto K, Kawauchi K, Nishikata T, Akitomo T, Mitsuhata C, Yagi M, Mizoguchi T, Fujikawa K, Taniguchi T, Nakano K. Inhibitory Effects of Shikonin Dispersion, an Extract of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Encapsulated in β-1,3-1,6 Glucan, on Streptococcus mutans and Non-Mutans Streptococci. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1075. [PMID: 38256148 PMCID: PMC10816867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Shikonin is extracted from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, and shikonin extracts have been shown to have inhibitory effects on several bacteria. However, shikonin extracts are difficult to formulate because of their poor water solubility. In the present study, we prepared a shikonin dispersion, which was solubilized by the inclusion of β-1,3-1,6 glucan, and analysed the inhibitory effects of this dispersion on Streptococcus mutans and non-mutans streptococci. The shikonin dispersion showed pronounced anti-S. mutans activity, and inhibited growth of and biofilm formation by this bacterium. The shikonin dispersion also showed antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects against non-mutans streptococci. In addition, a clinical trial was conducted in which 20 subjects were asked to brush their teeth for 1 week using either shikonin dispersion-containing or non-containing toothpaste, respectively. The shikonin-containing toothpaste decreased the number of S. mutans in the oral cavity, while no such effect was observed after the use of the shikonin-free toothpaste. These results suggest that shikonin dispersion has an inhibitory effect on S. mutans and non-mutans streptococci, and toothpaste containing shikonin dispersion may be effective in preventing dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Hiroshima, Japan; (T.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Yuto Suehiro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
| | - Fumikazu Tojo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
| | - Saaya Matayoshi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
| | - Rena Okawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
| | - Masakazu Hamada
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Oncology and Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Shuhei Naka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Okayama, Japan; (S.N.); (M.M.-N.)
| | - Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Okayama, Japan; (S.N.); (M.M.-N.)
| | - Rika Unesaki
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan; (R.U.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Kazuya Koumoto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan; (R.U.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Keiko Kawauchi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan; (R.U.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan; (R.U.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (T.N.)
| | - Tatsuya Akitomo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Hiroshima, Japan; (T.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Chieko Mitsuhata
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Hiroshima, Japan; (T.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Masatoshi Yagi
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
- Pharmacrea Kobe Co., Ltd., Kobe 651-0085, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Mizoguchi
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
- TSET Co., Ltd., Kariya 448-0022, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koki Fujikawa
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
- TSET Co., Ltd., Kariya 448-0022, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taizo Taniguchi
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
- Pharmacrea Kobe Co., Ltd., Kobe 651-0085, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (Y.S.); (F.T.); (S.M.); (R.O.); (K.N.)
- Joint Research Laboratory of Next-Generation Science for Oral Infection Control, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (M.Y.); (T.M.); (K.F.); (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mínguez-Alarcón L, Gaskins AJ, Meeker JD, Braun JM, Chavarro JE. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health. Fertil Steril 2023; 120:1138-1149. [PMID: 37827483 PMCID: PMC10841502 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Modifiable factors, such as environmental exposures, can impact human fertility. The objective of this review is to summarize the potential effects of exposure to important endocrine-disrupting chemicals on male reproductive health. Most experimental and animal data demonstrate strong evidence for the negative effects of exposure to phenols, phthalates, pesticides, and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances on male reproductive health. Although evidence of negative associations in humans was overall strong for phthalates and pesticides, limited and inconclusive relationships were found for the other examined chemical biomarkers. Reasons for the discrepancies in results include but are not limited to, differences in study populations, exposure concentrations, number of samples collected, sample sizes, study design, and residual confounding. Additional studies are needed, particularly for newer phenols and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, given the scarce literature on the topic and increasing exposures over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Audrey J Gaskins
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lai KY, Webster C, Gallacher JE, Sarkar C. Associations of Urban Built Environment with Cardiovascular Risks and Mortality: a Systematic Review. J Urban Health 2023; 100:745-787. [PMID: 37580546 PMCID: PMC10447831 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
With rapid urbanization, built environment has emerged as a set of modifiable factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence on the associations of attributes of urban built environment (e.g. residential density, land use mix, greenness and walkability) with cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. hypertension and arterial stiffness) and major CVD events including mortality. A total of 63 studies, including 31 of cross-sectional design and 32 of longitudinal design conducted across 21 geographical locations and published between 2012 and 2023 were extracted for review. Overall, we report moderately consistent evidence of protective associations of greenness with cardiovascular risks and major CVD events (cross-sectional studies: 12 of 15 on hypertension/blood pressure (BP) and 2 of 3 on arterial stiffness; and longitudinal studies: 6 of 8 on hypertension/BP, 7 of 8 on CVD mortality, 3 of 3 on ischemic heart disease mortality and 5 of 8 studies on stroke hospitalization or mortality reporting significant inverse associations). Consistently, walkability was associated with lower risks of hypertension, arterial stiffness and major CVD events (cross-sectional studies: 11 of 12 on hypertension/BP and 1 of 1 on arterial stiffness; and longitudinal studies: 3 of 6 on hypertension/BP and 1 of 2 studies on CVD events being protective). Sixty-seven percent of the studies were rated as "probably high" risk of confounding bias because of inability to adjust for underlying comorbidities/family history of diseases in their statistical models. Forty-six percent and 14% of the studies were rated as "probably high" risk of bias for exposure and outcome measurements, respectively. Future studies with robust design will further help elucidate the linkages between urban built environment and cardiovascular health, thereby informing planning policies for creating healthy cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yan Lai
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Chris Webster
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Urban Systems Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - John Ej Gallacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- Healthy High Density Cities Lab, HKUrbanLab, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong, Knowles Building, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mustieles V, Rolland M, Pin I, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Muckle G, Guichardet K, Slama R, Philippat C. Early-Life Exposure to a Mixture of Phenols and Phthalates in Relation to Child Social Behavior: Applying an Evidence-Based Prioritization to a Cohort with Improved Exposure Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:87006. [PMID: 37556305 PMCID: PMC10411634 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies aiming at relating exposure to phenols and phthalates with child social behavior characterized exposure using one or a few spot urine samples, resulting in substantial exposure misclassification. Moreover, early infancy exposure was rarely studied. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of phthalates and phenols with child social behavior in a cohort with improved exposure assessment and to a priori identify the chemicals supported by a higher weight of evidence. METHODS Among 406 mother-child pairs from the French Assessment of Air Pollution exposure during Pregnancy and Effect on Health (SEPAGES) cohort, 25 phenols/phthalate metabolites were measured in within-subject pools of repeated urine samples collected at the second and third pregnancy trimesters (∼ 21 samples/trimester) and at 2 months and 1-year of age (∼ 7 samples/period). Social behavior was parent-reported at 3 years of age of the child using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). A structured literature review of the animal and human evidence was performed to prioritize the measured phthalates/phenols based on their likelihood to affect social behavior. Both adjusted linear regression and Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sum (BWQS) regression models were fitted. False discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied only to nonprioritized chemicals. RESULTS Prioritized compounds included bisphenol A, bisphenol S, triclosan (TCS), diethyl-hexyl phthalate (Σ DEHP ), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n -butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP). With the exception of bisphenols, which showed a mixed pattern of positive and negative associations in pregnant mothers and neonates, few prenatal associations were observed. Most associations were observed with prioritized chemicals measured in 1-y-old infants: Each doubling in urinary TCS (β = 0.78 ; 95% CI: 0.00, 1.55) and MEP (β = 0.92 ; 95% CI: - 0.11 , 1.96) concentrations were associated with worse total SRS scores, whereas MnBP and Σ DEHP were associated with worse Social Awareness (β = 0.25 ; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.50) and Social Communication (β = 0.43 ; 95% CI: - 0.02 , 0.89) scores, respectively. BWQS also suggested worse total SRS [Beta 1 = 1.38 ; 95% credible interval (CrI): - 0.18 , 2.97], Social Awareness (Beta 1 = 0.37 ; 95% CrI: 0.06, 0.70), and Social Communication (Beta 1 = 0.91 ; 95% CrI: 0.31, 1.53) scores per quartile increase in the mixture of prioritized compounds assessed in 1-y-old infants. The few associations observed with nonprioritized chemicals did not remain after FDR correction, with the exception of benzophenone-3 exposure in 1-y-old infants, which was suggestively associated with worse Social Communication scores (corrected p = 0.07 ). DISCUSSION The literature search allowed us to adapt our statistical analysis according to the weight of evidence and create a corpus of experimental and epidemiological knowledge to better interpret our findings. Early infancy appears to be a sensitive exposure window that should be further investigated. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11798.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Mustieles
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Rolland
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pediatric Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | | | | | | | - Gina Muckle
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Canada
| | - Karine Guichardet
- Pediatric Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Damtew YT, Tong M, Varghese BM, Anikeeva O, Hansen A, Dear K, Zhang Y, Morgan G, Driscoll T, Capon T, Bi P. Effects of high temperatures and heatwaves on dengue fever: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104582. [PMID: 37088034 PMCID: PMC10149186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that dengue virus transmission increases in association with ambient temperature. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of both high temperatures and heatwave events on dengue transmission in different climate zones globally. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from January 1990 to September 20, 2022. We included peer reviewed original observational studies using ecological time series, case crossover, or case series study designs reporting the association of high temperatures and heatwave with dengue and comparing risks over different exposures or time periods. Studies classified as case reports, clinical trials, non-human studies, conference abstracts, editorials, reviews, books, posters, commentaries; and studies that examined only seasonal effects were excluded. Effect estimates were extracted from published literature. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to pool the relative risks (RRs) of dengue infection per 1 °C increase in temperature, and further subgroup analyses were also conducted. The quality and strength of evidence were evaluated following the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology framework. The review protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). FINDINGS The study selection process yielded 6367 studies. A total of 106 studies covering more than four million dengue cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria; of these, 54 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate showed a 13% increase in risk of dengue infection (RR = 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.16, I2 = 98.0%) for each 1 °C increase in high temperatures. Subgroup analyses by climate zones suggested greater effects of temperature in tropical monsoon climate zone (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.51) and humid subtropical climate zone (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.15-1.25). Heatwave events showed association with an increased risk of dengue infection (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.95-1.23, I2 = 88.9%), despite a wide confidence interval. The overall strength of evidence was found to be "sufficient" for high temperatures but "limited" for heatwaves. Our results showed that high temperatures increased the risk of dengue infection, albeit with varying risks across climate zones and different levels of national income. INTERPRETATION High temperatures increased the relative risk of dengue infection. Future studies on the association between temperature and dengue infection should consider local and regional climate, socio-demographic and environmental characteristics to explore vulnerability at local and regional levels for tailored prevention. FUNDING Australian Research Council Discovery Program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Tefera Damtew
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia; College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O.BOX 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
| | - Michael Tong
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, ANU College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Blesson Mathew Varghese
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Olga Anikeeva
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Alana Hansen
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Keith Dear
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey Morgan
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Tim Driscoll
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Tony Capon
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo Y, Ma Y, Zhong W, Zhou L, Wan Y, Zhu H, Zhang R. Associations between seminal plasma triclosan and low sperm quality: A case-control study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 283:130-135. [PMID: 36848763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Triclosan (TCS), a novel endocrine disrupter, has induced widespread human exposure due to its widespread use in personal care products. Environmental TCS exposure was suggested to be associated with human semen quality. However, little is known about seminal plasma TCS concentration and the risk of low sperm quality. This case-control study is established to examine the relationship between seminal plasma TCS and the risk of low sperm quality. STUDY DESIGN One hundred men with low sperm quality as cases and one hundred normal men as controls were recruited a fertility clinic in Shijiazhuang, China, during 2018-2019. Seminal plasma TCS concentration was determined using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Sperm concentration, sperm count, sperm motility and sperm progressive motility were evaluated according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to assess the sperm quality. We used the Mann-Whitney rank-sum test and Kruskal-Wallis test to assess the differences of seminal plasma TCS concentration between the cases and the controls. In addition, logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the associations between seminal plasma TCS concentrations and low sperm quality risk adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), abstinence time, smoking, and drinking RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The level of seminal plasma TCS was observed slightly but not significantly higher in the case group than the control group. We also observed significant association between seminal plasma TCS concentrations and semen parameters in both control and case groups. Moreover, the seminal plasma TCS levels at the fourth quartile were found to be more likely to exhibit low sperm quality risk with increased adjusted odds ratios of 2.36 (95% confidence interval 1.03-5.39) compared to the first quartile. Our results reveal that seminal plasma TCS concentration was positively associated with low sperm quality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinsheng Guo
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yue Ma
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, China
| | - Huiping Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wilson TN, Nambiema A, Porro B, Descatha A, Aublet-Cuvelier A, Evanoff B, Roquelaure Y. Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions on Return to Work After a Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:4-19. [PMID: 35779184 PMCID: PMC10025244 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of physical activity (PA) interventions on return to work (RTW) in cancer survivors, compared to usual care, and to determine the dose of PA needed to improve this outcome. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Six electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched to identify studies, and completed by a search of grey literature and health organization websites. Two authors performed screening, selection, and data extraction independently. Study and intervention characteristics were extracted and summarized. Pooled risk ratio (RR) was estimated using a weight random-effects model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 2655 records were identified, of which 8 intervention studies were included. The sample size of the included studies varied between 41 and 240, giving a total of 1087 participants aged between 18 and 75 years. Compared with usual care, PA interventions had a significant positive effect on RTW among cancer survivors with a pooled RR of 1.29 (95% CI 1.17, 1.42). We found that PA interventions (aerobic and resistance exercises) with an exercise dose between 7.6 METs.h/week and 15 METs.h/week, consisting in 50-60 min per session of moderate to vigorous physical exercise, twice a week seems relevant in improving RTW. Conclusions Our results showed, with moderate quality evidence that PA interventions are more effective than usual care in increasing the rate of RTW in cancer survivors. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO Registration Number, CRD42020203614.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Têtê Norbert Wilson
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 49000, Angers, France.
| | - Aboubakari Nambiema
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Bertrand Porro
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Alexis Descatha
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Agnès Aublet-Cuvelier
- Direction des Etudes et de Recherches, INRS (Institut National de Recherche Et de Sécurité), 1 rue du Morvan, CS60027, 54519, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Bradley Evanoff
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63310, USA
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 49000, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akiyama S, Hamdeh S, Micic D, Sakuraba A. Response to 'Correspondence on 'Prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis'' by Shi et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:e29. [PMID: 33172858 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Akiyama
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shadi Hamdeh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Motility, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dejan Micic
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Atsushi Sakuraba
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen Y, Hansell AL, Clark SN, Cai YS. Environmental noise and health in low-middle-income-countries: A systematic review of epidemiological evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120605. [PMID: 36347406 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of the health impacts from environmental noise has largely been drawn from studies in high-income countries, which has then been used to inform development of noise guidelines. It is unclear whether findings in high-income countries can be readily translated into policy contexts in low-middle-income-countries (LMICs). We conducted this systematic review to summarise noise epidemiological studies in LMICs. We conducted a literature search of studies in Medline and Web of Science published during 2009-2021, supplemented with specialist journal hand searches. Screening, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias as well as overall quality and strength of evidence were conducted following established guidelines (e.g. Navigation Guide). 58 studies were identified, 53% of which were from India, China and Bulgaria. Most (92%) were cross-sectional studies. 53% of studies assessed noise exposure based on fixed-site measurements using sound level meters and 17% from propagation-based noise models. Mean noise exposure among all studies ranged from 48 to 120 dB (Leq), with over half of the studies (52%) reporting the mean between 60 and 80 dB. The most studied health outcome was noise annoyance (43% of studies), followed by cardiovascular (17%) and mental health outcomes (17%). Studies generally reported a positive (i.e. adverse) relationship between noise exposure and annoyance. Some limited evidence based on only two studies showing that long-term noise exposure may be associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular outcomes in adults. Findings on mental health outcomes were inconsistent across the studies. Overall, 4 studies (6%) had "probably low", 18 (31%) had "probably high" and 36 (62%) had "high" risk of bias. Quality of evidence was rated as 'low' for mental health outcomes and 'very low' for all other outcomes. Strength of evidence for each outcome was assessed as 'inadequate', highlighting high-quality epidemiological studies are urgently needed in LMICs to strengthen the evidence base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Chen
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; The National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Environmental Exposure and Health at the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Anna L Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; The National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Environmental Exposure and Health at the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Sierra N Clark
- Noise and Public Health, Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Science Group, UK Health Security Agency, UK
| | - Yutong Samuel Cai
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; The National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Environmental Exposure and Health at the University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen Y, Xiao H, Namat A, Liu J, Ruan F, Xu S, Li R, Xia W. Association between trimester-specific exposure to thirteen endocrine disrupting chemicals and preterm birth: Comparison of three statistical models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158236. [PMID: 36041600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicated that maternal exposure to some endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB). However, few studies have evaluated the joint effect of EDCs on PTB. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the associations of maternal EDCs mixture in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters during pregnancy with PTB, and identify the vital components that mainly contribute to PTB. METHODS This study included 847 pregnant women that provided urine samples for all three trimesters. Urinary concentrations of thirteen EDC metabolites (four phthalates, two parabens, three phenols, and four benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles) were examined. Logistic regression model, quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to study the association. RESULTS Logistic regression model suggested that only bisphenol A (BPA) in the 1st trimester significantly increased the OR of PTB after adjusting for BPA exposure in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Quantile g-computation model identified that urinary EDCs mixture in the 1st trimester were positively associated with PTB [OR (95 % CI): 1.98 (1.10, 3.58)], and the most heavily weighted component for PTB was BPA (26 %), followed by mono-2ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) (22 %). BKMR model determined a significant association between EDCs mixture in the 1st trimester and PTB when all EDC concentrations were at or above their 55th percentile compared with the median. The BKMR model found that BPA and MEHP were associated with an increase in the estimated probability of PTB, when the other EDCs were held to their 50th and 75th percentiles, respectively, in the 1st trimester. CONCLUSIONS The results of mixture analysis models indicated that exposure to higher EDCs mixture in the 1st trimester may increase the risk of PTB. BPA was considered as the most contributing factor for PTB among the detected EDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Asmagvl Namat
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Fengyu Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Ruizhen Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Loomis D, Dzhambov AM, Momen NC, Chartres N, Descatha A, Guha N, Kang SK, Modenese A, Morgan RL, Ahn S, Martínez-Silveira MS, Zhang S, Pega F. The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus and lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107565. [PMID: 36402034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are the producers of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates). Welding fumes have been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in IARC Monograph 118; this assessment found sufficient evidence from studies in humans that welding fumes are a cause of lung cancer. In this article, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to occupational exposure to welding fumes, to inform the development of WHO/ILO Joint Estimates on this burden of disease (if considered feasible). OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes, compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence, and mortality). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL and CISDOC. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines, and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any Member State of WHO and/or ILO but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes, compared with occupational exposure to no (or low) welding fumes, on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (prevalence, incidence, and mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first review stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. If studies reported odds ratios, these were converted to risk ratios (RRs). We combined all RRs using random-effects meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence, and strength of evidence, using the Navigation Guide tools and approaches adapted to this project. Subgroup (e.g., by WHO region and sex) and sensitivity analyses (e.g., studies judged to be of "high"/"probably high" risk of bias compared with "low"/"probably low" risk of bias) were conducted. RESULTS Forty-one records from 40 studies (29 case control studies and 11 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising over 1,265,512 participants (≥22,761 females) in 21 countries in three WHO regions (Region of the Americas, European Region, and Western Pacific Region). The exposure and outcome were generally assessed by job title or self-report, and medical or administrative records, respectively. Across included studies, risk of bias was overall generally probably low/low, with risk judged high or probably high for several studies in the domains for misclassification bias and confounding. Our search identified no evidence on the outcome of having trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (prevalence). Compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk of acquiring trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (incidence) by an estimated 48 % (RR 1.48, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.29-1.70, 23 studies, 57,931 participants, I2 24 %; moderate quality of evidence). Compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk dying from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (mortality) by an estimated 27 % (RR 1.27, 95 % CI 1.04-1.56, 3 studies, 8,686 participants, I2 0 %; low quality of evidence). Our subgroup analyses found no evidence for difference by WHO region and sex. Sensitivity analyses supported the main analyses. CONCLUSIONS Overall, for incidence and mortality of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer, we judged the existing body of evidence for human data as "sufficient evidence of harmfulness" and "limited evidence of harmfulness", respectively. Occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk of acquiring and dying from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer. Producing estimates for the burden of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes appears evidence-based, and the pooled effect estimates presented in this systematic review could be used as input data for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106089.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Loomis
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, the United States of America; Plumas County Public Health Agency, Plumas County, CA, the United States of America.
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Natalie C Momen
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, the United States of America.
| | - Alexis Descatha
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital "Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris"), Occupational Health Unit, University Hospital of West Suburb of Paris, Poincaré Site, Garches, France /Versailles St-Quentin Univ - Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, France; Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, SFR ICAT, CAPTV CDC, Angers, France.
| | - Neela Guha
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, the United States of America.
| | - Seong-Kyu Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Seoyeon Ahn
- National Pension Research Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Siyu Zhang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen M, Hu Y, Lv C, Shi R, Zhang Y, Tang W, Yu X, Tian Y, Gao Y. Associations between repeated measurements of childhood triclosan exposure and physical growth at 7 years. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135970. [PMID: 35952793 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggested that triclosan (TCS) exposure was ubiquitous among children and could affect their physical growth. However, most studies relied on TCS exposure at single time point, and the impacts of multiple time points TCS exposure were unclear. OBJECTIVES To estimate the associations between repeated TCS measurements in childhood (at ages 1, 2, 5, and 7 years) and physical growth at 7 years. METHODS This study included 206 children from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort (LWBC), China. Urinary TCS concentrations were detected at age of 1, 2, 5, and 7 years, and physical growth including height, weight, waist circumference, and fat percentage was measured at 7 years. Multiple informant models were applied to examine the relationships of repeated TCS measurements in childhood with physical growth, and stratified analysis by gender was performed. RESULTS The detection rates of TCS at age of 1, 2, 5, and 7 years were above 60%, with median declining from 0.89 to 0.33 μg/g creatinine. We found TCS at 5 years was positively associated with waist-to-height ratio, and TCS at 7 years was positively associated with physical growth, including weight z-score, BMI z-score, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and fat percentage. Moreover, the above associations for weight z-score, BMI z-score, and fat percentage significantly varied by the period of exposure (pint ˂ 0.05). After stratified by gender, positive associations were only found among boys. CONCLUSIONS In our study, TCS levels decreased as children's age increased. TCS exposures at age of 5 and 7 years were positively associated with physical growth at 7 years, and these associations were only significant in boys. Given the relatively small sample size, our findings should be interpreted with caution until confirmed by further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weifeng Tang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China; Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu Y, Liu Q, Yan H, Liu T. Effects of occupational hazards and occupational stress on job burn-out of factory workers and miners in Urumqi: a propensity score-matched cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051911. [PMID: 36647785 PMCID: PMC9462083 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to explore the impact of occupational hazards and occupational stress on job burn-out among factory workers and miners. This study also aimed to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of job burn-out among factory workers and miners. DESIGN A cross-sectional study based on the factory Workers and Miners of Urumqi, Xinjiang. Demographic biases, that is, confounding factors, were eliminated by the propensity score-matched analysis method. PARTICIPANTS An electronic questionnaire was used to survey 7500 eligible factory workers and miners in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang, and 7315 complete questionnaires were returned. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES A general demographic questionnaire, the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) and the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory. RESULTS The total rate of burn-out was 86.5%. Noise (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.64) and ERI (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.78 to 2.61) were the risk factors for job burn-out among factory workers and miners (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The job burn-out rate of factory workers and miners was high, and the noise and occupational stress factors among occupational hazard factors will affect the likelihood of job burn-out of factory workers and miners. We should control the impact of occupational hazards on factory workers and miners and reduce occupational stress to alleviate workers' job burn-out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqin Lu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Postgraduate Education Management Section, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Green Processing of Nature Product Center, Xinjiang Autonomous Academy of Instrumental Analysis, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rayasam S, Koman PD, Axelrad DA, Woodruff TJ, Chartres N. Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Implementation: How the Amended Law Has Failed to Protect Vulnerable Populations from Toxic Chemicals in the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11969-11982. [PMID: 35980084 PMCID: PMC9454241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to industrial chemicals are widespread and can increase the risk of adverse health effects such as cancer, developmental disorders, respiratory effects, diabetes, and reproductive problems. The amended Toxic Substances Control Act (amended TSCA) requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to evaluate risks of chemicals in commerce, account for risk to potentially exposed and susceptible populations, and mitigate risks for chemicals determined to pose an unreasonable risk to human health and the environment. This analysis compares EPA's first 10 chemical risk evaluations under amended TSCA to best scientific practices for conducting risk assessments. We find EPA's risk evaluations underestimated human health risks of chemical exposures by excluding conditions of use and exposure pathways; not considering aggregate exposure and cumulative risk; not identifying all potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulations, and not quantifying differences in risk for susceptible groups; not addressing data gaps; and using flawed systematic review approaches to identify and evaluate the relevant evidence. We present specific recommendations for improving the implementation of amended TSCA using the best available science to ensure equitable, socially just safeguards to public health. Failing to remedy these shortcomings will result in continued systematic underestimation of risk for all chemicals evaluated under amended TSCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati
D.G. Rayasam
- Program
on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University
of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Patricia D. Koman
- Environmental
Health Sciences, University of Michigan
School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Program
on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University
of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Environmental
Research and Translation for Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology
and Reproductive Sciences, University of
California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program
on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics,
Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University
of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Krewski D, Saunders-Hastings P, Baan RA, Barton-Maclaren TS, Browne P, Chiu WA, Gwinn M, Hartung T, Kraft AD, Lam J, Lewis RJ, Sanaa M, Morgan RL, Paoli G, Rhomberg L, Rooney A, Sand S, Schünemann HJ, Straif K, Thayer KA, Tsaioun K. Development of an Evidence-Based Risk Assessment Framework. ALTEX 2022; 39:667-693. [PMID: 36098377 PMCID: PMC10080579 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2004041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of potential human health risks associated with environmental and other agents requires careful evaluation of all available and relevant evidence for the agent of interest, including both data-rich and data-poor agents. With the advent of new approach methodologies in toxicological risk assessment, guidance on integrating evidence from mul-tiple evidence streams is needed to ensure that all available data is given due consideration in both qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. The present report summarizes the discussions among academic, government, and private sector participants from North America and Europe in an international workshop convened to explore the development of an evidence-based risk assessment framework, taking into account all available evidence in an appropriate manner in order to arrive at the best possible characterization of potential human health risks and associated uncertainty. Although consensus among workshop participants was not a specific goal, there was general agreement on the key consider-ations involved in evidence-based risk assessment incorporating 21st century science into human health risk assessment. These considerations have been embodied into an overarching prototype framework for evidence integration that will be explored in more depth in a follow-up meeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krewski
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Robert A. Baan
- The IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (retired)
| | | | - Patience Browne
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France
| | - Weihsueh A. Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Maureen Gwinn
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, USA
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Chair for Evidence-based Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
- CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Andrew D. Kraft
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Chemical & Pollutant Assessment Division, US EPA, DC, USA
| | - Juleen Lam
- Department of Public Health at California State University, East Bay, USA
| | - R. Jeffrey Lewis
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Annandale, New Jersey, USA (retired)
| | - Moez Sanaa
- Agence Nationale Sécurité Sanitaire Alimentaire Nationale, Paris, France
| | | | - Greg Paoli
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Rooney
- Integrative Health Assessments Branch, National Toxicology Program, US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, USA
| | - Salomon Sand
- Department of Risk and Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Kurt Straif
- The IARC Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France (retired)
| | - Kristina A Thayer
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Chemical & Pollutant Assessment Division, US EPA, NC, USA
| | - Katya Tsaioun
- Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mueller W, Milner J, Loh M, Vardoulakis S, Wilkinson P. Exposure to urban greenspace and pathways to respiratory health: An exploratory systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154447. [PMID: 35283125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Urban greenspace may have a beneficial or adverse effect on respiratory health. Our objective was to perform an exploratory systematic review to synthesise the evidence and identify the potential causal pathways relating urban greenspace and respiratory health. METHODS We followed PRISMA guidelines on systematic reviews and searched five databases for eligible studies during 2000-2021. We incorporated a broad range of urban greenspace and respiratory health search terms, including both observational and experimental studies. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias, assessed using the Navigation Guide criteria, were performed independently by two authors. We performed a narrative synthesis and discuss suggested pathways to respiratory health. RESULTS We identified 108 eligible papers (n = 104 observational, n = 4 experimental). The most common greenspace indicators were the overall greenery or vegetation (also known as greenness), green land use/land cover of physical area classes (e.g., parks, forests), and tree canopy cover. A wide range of respiratory health indicators were studied, with asthma prevalence being the most common. Two thirds (n = 195) of the associations in these studies were positive (i.e., beneficial) with health, with 31% (n = 91) statistically significant; only 9% (n = 25) of reported associations were negative (i.e., adverse) with health and statistically significant. The most consistent positive evidence was apparent for respiratory mortality. There were n = 35 (32%) 'probably low' and n = 73 (68%) 'probably high' overall ratings of bias. Hypothesised causal pathways for health benefits included lower air pollution, more physically active populations, and exposure to microbial diversity; suggested mechanisms with poorer health included exposure to pollen and other aeroallergens. CONCLUSION Many studies showed positive association between urban greenspace and respiratory health, especially lower respiratory mortality; this is suggestive, but not conclusive, of causal effects. Results underscore the importance of contextual factors, greenspace metric employed, and the potential bias of subtle selection factors, which should be explored further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
| | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Damtew YT, Tong M, Varghese BM, Hansen A, Liu J, Dear K, Zhang Y, Morgan G, Driscoll T, Capon T, Bi P. Associations between temperature and Ross river virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. Acta Trop 2022; 231:106454. [PMID: 35405101 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Ross River virus (RRV) infection is one of the emerging and prevalent arboviral diseases in Australia and the Pacific Islands. Although many studies have been conducted to establish the relationship between temperature and RRV infection, there has been no comprehensive review of the association so far. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of temperature on RRV transmission. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science with additional lateral searches from references. The quality and strength of evidence from the included studies were evaluated following the Navigation Guide framework. We have qualitatively synthesized the evidence and conducted a meta-analysis to pool the relative risks (RRs) of RRV infection per 1 °C increase in temperature. Subgroup analyses were performed by climate zones, temperature metrics, and lag periods. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which six were included in the meta-analysis The meta-analysis revealed that the overall RR for the association between temperature and the risk of RRV infection was 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.17). Subgroup analyses by climate zones showed an increase in RRV infection per 1 °C increase in temperature in humid subtropical and cold semi-arid climate zones. The overall quality of evidence was "moderate" and we rated the strength of evidence to be "limited", warranting additional evidence to reduce uncertainty. The results showed that the risk of RRV infection is positively associated with temperature. However, the risk varies across different climate zones, temperature metrics and lag periods. These findings indicate that future studies on the association between temperature and RRV infection should consider local and regional climate, socio-demographic, and environmental factors to explore vulnerability at local and regional levels.
Collapse
|
20
|
Sinicropi MS, Iacopetta D, Ceramella J, Catalano A, Mariconda A, Pellegrino M, Saturnino C, Longo P, Aquaro S. Triclosan: A Small Molecule with Controversial Roles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:735. [PMID: 35740142 PMCID: PMC9220381 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, has been widely used in personal care products, medical products, plastic cutting boards, and food storage containers. Colgate Total® toothpaste, containing 10 mM TCS, is effective in controlling biofilm formation and maintaining gingival health. Given its broad usage, TCS is present ubiquitously in the environment. Given its strong lipophilicity and accumulation ability in organisms, it is potentially harmful to biohealth. Several reports suggest the toxicity of this compound, which is inserted in the class of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In September 2016, TCS was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union in soap products. Despite these problems, its application in personal care products within certain limits is still allowed. Today, it is still unclear whether TCS is truly toxic to mammals and the adverse effects of continuous, long-term, and low concentration exposure remain unknown. Indeed, some recent reports suggest the use of TCS as a repositioned drug for cancer treatment and cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this scenario it is necessary to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of TCS, to understand whether its use is advisable or not. This review intends to highlight the pros and cons that are associated with the use of TCS in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Stefano Aquaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Whaley P, Piggott T, Morgan RL, Hoffmann S, Tsaioun K, Schwingshackl L, Ansari MT, Thayer KA, Schünemann HJ. Biological plausibility in environmental health systematic reviews: a GRADE concept paper. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107109. [PMID: 35305498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Biological plausibility" is a concept frequently referred to in environmental and public health when researchers are evaluating how confident they are in the results and inferences of a study or evidence review. Biological plausibility is not, however, a domain of one of the most widely-used approaches for assessing the certainty of evidence (CoE) which underpins the findings of a systematic review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) CoE Framework. Whether the omission of biological plausibility is a potential limitation of the GRADE CoE Framework is a topic that is regularly discussed, especially in the context of environmental health systematic reviews. OBJECTIVES We analyse how the concept of "biological plausibility", as applied in the context of assessing certainty of the evidence that supports the findings of a systematic review, is accommodated under the processes of systematic review and the existing GRADE domains. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We argue that "biological plausibility" is a concept which primarily comes into play when direct evidence about the effects of an exposure on a population of concern (usually humans) is absent, at high risk of bias, is inconsistent, or limited in other ways. In such circumstances, researchers look toward evidence from other study designs in order to draw conclusions. In this respect, we can consider experimental animal and in vitro evidence as "surrogates" for the target populations, exposures, comparators and outcomes of actual interest. Through discussion of 10 examples of experimental surrogates, we propose that the concept of biological plausibility consists of two principal aspects: a "generalisability aspect" and a "mechanistic aspect". The "generalisability aspect" concerns the validity of inferences from experimental models to human scenarios, and asks the same question as does the assessment of external validity or indirectness in systematic reviews. The "mechanistic aspect" concerns certainty in knowledge of biological mechanisms and would inform judgements of indirectness under GRADE, and thus the overall CoE. While both aspects are accommodated under the indirectness domain of the GRADE CoE Framework, further research is needed to determine how to use knowledge of biological mechanisms in the assessment of indirectness of the evidence in systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Whaley
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, UK; Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (EBTC), USA
| | - Thomas Piggott
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Sebastian Hoffmann
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (EBTC), USA
| | - Katya Tsaioun
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (EBTC), USA
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mohammed T Ansari
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Room 101, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Kristina A Thayer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment (CPHEA), Chemical Pollutant Assessment Division (CPAD), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW (8623R), Washington, DC 20460, USA
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; Michael G DeGroote Cochrane Canada and McMaster GRADE Centres, McMaster University, HSC-2C, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hoffmann S, Aiassa E, Angrish M, Beausoleil C, Bois FY, Ciccolallo L, Craig PS, de Vries RBM, Dorne JLCM, Druwe IL, Edwards SW, Eskes C, Georgiadis M, Hartung T, Kienzler A, Kristjansson EA, Lam J, Martino L, Meek B, Morgan RL, Munoz-Guajardo I, Noyes PD, Parmelli E, Piersma A, Rooney A, Sena E, Sullivan K, Tarazona J, Terron A, Thayer K, Turner J, Verbeek J, Verloo D, Vinken M, Watford S, Whaley P, Wikoff D, Willett K, Tsaioun K. Application of evidence-based methods to construct mechanism-driven chemical assessment frameworks. ALTEX 2022; 39:499–518. [PMID: 35258090 PMCID: PMC9466297 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2202141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The workshop titled “Application of evidence-based methods to construct mechanism-driven chemical assessment frameworks” was co-organized by the Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and hosted by EFSA at its headquarters in Parma, Italy on October 2 and 3, 2019. The goal was to explore integration of systematic review with mechanistic evidence evaluation. Participants were invited to work on concrete products to advance the exploration of how evidence-based approaches can support the development and application of adverse outcome pathways (AOP) in chemical risk assessment. The workshop discussions were centered around three related themes: 1) assessing certainty in AOPs, 2) literature-based AOP development, and 3) integrating certainty in AOPs and non-animal evidence into decision frameworks. Several challenges, mostly related to methodology, were identified and largely determined the workshop recommendations. The workshop recommendations included the comparison and potential alignment of processes used to develop AOP and systematic review methodology, including the translation of vocabulary of evidence-based methods to AOP and vice versa, the development and improvement of evidence mapping and text mining methods and tools, as well as a call for a fundamental change in chemical risk and uncertainty assessment methodology if to be conducted based on AOPs and new approach methodologies (NAM). The usefulness of evidence-based approaches for mechanism-based chemical risk assessments was stressed, particularly the potential contribution of the rigor and transparency inherent to such approaches in building stakeholders’ trust for implementation of NAM evidence and AOPs into chemical risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hoffmann
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elisa Aiassa
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
| | - Michelle Angrish
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rob B. M. de Vries
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Ingrid L. Druwe
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Chantra Eskes
- SeCAM, Magliaso, Switzerland
- current affiliation: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
| | | | - Thomas Hartung
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- CAAT-Europe, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aude Kienzler
- current affiliation: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Juleen Lam
- California State University, East Bay, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca L. Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Pamela D. Noyes
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Elena Parmelli
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | - Aldert Piersma
- Centre for Health Protection (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Rooney
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Kristie Sullivan
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Kris Thayer
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Jos Verbeek
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Paul Whaley
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | | | - Kate Willett
- Humane Society International, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Katya Tsaioun
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Biological plausibility" is a concept frequently referred to in environmental and public health when researchers are evaluating how confident they are in the results and inferences of a study or evidence review. Biological plausibility is not, however, a domain of one of the most widely-used approaches for assessing the certainty of evidence (CoE) which underpins the findings of a systematic review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) CoE Framework. Whether the omission of biological plausibility is a potential limitation of the GRADE CoE Framework is a topic that is regularly discussed, especially in the context of environmental health systematic reviews. OBJECTIVES We analyse how the concept of "biological plausibility", as applied in the context of assessing certainty of the evidence that supports the findings of a systematic review, is accommodated under the processes of systematic review and the existing GRADE domains. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We argue that "biological plausibility" is a concept which primarily comes into play when direct evidence about the effects of an exposure on a population of concern (usually humans) is absent, at high risk of bias, is inconsistent, or limited in other ways. In such circumstances, researchers look toward evidence from other study designs in order to draw conclusions. In this respect, we can consider experimental animal and in vitro evidence as "surrogates" for the target populations, exposures, comparators and outcomes of actual interest. Through discussion of 10 examples of experimental surrogates, we propose that the concept of biological plausibility consists of two principal aspects: a "generalisability aspect" and a "mechanistic aspect". The "generalisability aspect" concerns the validity of inferences from experimental models to human scenarios, and asks the same question as does the assessment of external validity or indirectness in systematic reviews. The "mechanistic aspect" concerns certainty in knowledge of biological mechanisms and would inform judgements of indirectness under GRADE, and thus the overall CoE. While both aspects are accommodated under the indirectness domain of the GRADE CoE Framework, further research is needed to determine how to use knowledge of biological mechanisms in the assessment of indirectness of the evidence in systematic reviews.
Collapse
|
24
|
Edwards L, Wilkinson P, Rutter G, Milojevic A. Health effects in people relocating between environments of differing ambient air pollution concentrations: A literature review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118314. [PMID: 34653586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
People who relocate to a new environment may experience health effects from a change in ambient air pollution. We undertook a literature review of studies of such relocations and health effects and report the results as a narrative analysis. Fifteen articles of heterogeneous designs met the inclusion criteria. Four short-term (relocation duration less than six months) and three long-term (relocation duration six months or greater) studies reported evidence of the effect of relocation on physiological outcome, biomarkers or symptoms. All had potential weaknesses of design or analysis but, as a whole, their results are broadly consistent in suggesting short-term adverse effects of air pollutants or their reversibility. One long-term study provided evidence that changes in air pollution exposure during adolescence have a measurable effect on lung function growth. Four cohort studies were also identified that used relocation to strengthen evidence of air-pollution-exposure relationships by using a design that incorporates effective randomization of exposure or the use of relocation to improve exposure classification. However, three studies of relocation during pregnancy provided limited evidence to conclude an effect of relocation-related change in exposure on pregnancy outcome. Overall, most relocation studies are consistent with short- or long-term adverse effects of air pollution on biological function or mortality, but many studies of change in exposure have design weaknesses that limit the robustness of interpretation. We outline principles for improved design and analysis to help strengthen future studies for the insights they can provide from their quasi-experimental designs, including on the nature and timing of functional changes of relocation-related changes in exposure to ambient air pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Edwards
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ai Milojevic
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Marí-Bauset S, Peraita-Costa I, Donat-Vargas C, Llopis-González A, Marí-Sanchis A, Llopis-Morales J, Morales Suárez-Varela M. Systematic review of prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder in offspring. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 26:6-32. [PMID: 34412519 DOI: 10.1177/13623613211039950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autism spectrum disorders comprise a complex group with many subtypes of behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental abnormalities in two core areas: deficits in social communication and fixated, restricted, repetitive, or stereotyped behaviors and interests each with potential unique risk factors and characteristics. The underlying mechanisms and the possible causes of autism spectrum disorder remain elusive and while increased prevalence is undoubtable, it is unclear if it is a reflection of diagnostic improvement or emerging risk factors such as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Epidemiological studies, which are used to study the relation between endocrine disrupting chemicals and autism spectrum disorder, can have inherent methodological challenges that limit the quality and strength of their findings. The objective of this work is to systematically review the treatment of these challenges and assess the quality and strength of the findings in the currently available literature. The overall quality and strength were "moderate" and "limited," respectively. Risk of bias due to the exclusion of potential confounding factors and the lack of accuracy of exposure assessment methods were the most prevalent. The omnipresence of endocrine disrupting chemicals and the biological plausibility of the association between prenatal exposure and later development of autism spectrum disorder highlight the need to carry out well-designed epidemiological studies that overcome the methodological challenges observed in the currently available literature in order to be able to inform public policy to prevent exposure to these potentially harmful chemicals and aid in the establishment of predictor variables to facilitate early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and improve long-term outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Marí-Bauset
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Llopis-González
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Juan Llopis-Morales
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Unit of Public Health and Environmental Care, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Homburg M, Rasmussen ÅK, Ramhøj L, Feldt-Rasmussen U. The Influence of Triclosan on the Thyroid Hormone System in Humans - A Systematic Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:883827. [PMID: 35721761 PMCID: PMC9202756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.883827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Triclosan is an antibacterial agent suspected to disrupt the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of triclosan on the human thyroid system through a systematic literature review of human studies. METHODS Eligibility criteria and method of analysis were registered at Prospero (registration number: CRD42019120984) before a systematic search was conducted in Pubmed and Embase in October 2020. Seventeen articles were found eligible for inclusion. Thirteen studies were observational, while four had a triclosan intervention. Participants consisted of pregnant women in eight studies, of men and non-pregnant women in seven studies and of chord samples/newborns/children/adolescents in six studies. The outcomes were peripheral thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in blood samples. RESULTS Several studies found a negative association between triclosan and triiodothyronine and thyroxine, and a positive association with TSH; however, the opposite associations or no associations were also found. In general, the studies had limited measurement timepoints of thyroid outcomes, and the interventional studies used low concentrations of triclosan. Thus, study design limitations influence the quality of the dataset and it is not yet possible to conclude whether triclosan at current human exposure levels adversely affects the thyroid hormone system. CONCLUSIONS Further larger studies with more continuity and more elaborate outcome measurements of thyroid function are needed to clarify whether triclosan, at current exposure levels, affects the human thyroid hormone system. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42019120984, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42019120984).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Homburg
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Åse Krogh Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Ramhøj
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Leemans L, Nijs J, Antonis L, Wideman TH, Bandt HD, Franklin Z, Mullie P, Moens M, Joos E, Beckwée D. Do psychological factors relate to movement-evoked pain in people with musculoskeletal pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Phys Ther 2022; 26:100453. [PMID: 36279767 PMCID: PMC9597124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2022.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the importance of implementing movement-evoked pain in conventional pain assessments, with a significant role for psychological factors being suggested. Whether or not to include these factors in the assessment of movement-evoked pain has not yet been determined. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review is to explore the association between psychological factors and movement-evoked pain scores in people with musculoskeletal pain. METHODS For this systematic review with meta-analysis, four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, WOS, and Scopus) were searched. Cross-sectional studies, longitudinal cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials investigating the association between movement-evoked pain and psychological factors in adults with musculoskeletal pain were considered. Meta-analysis was conducted for outcomes with homogeneous data from at least 2 studies. Fischer-Z transformations were used as the measure of effect. Quality of evidence was assessed using the National Institutes of Health's Quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. RESULTS Meta-analyses and grading the quality of evidence revealed moderate evidence for a relation between movement-evoked pain and depressive symptoms (Fisher-z=0.27; 95%CI: 0.17, 0.36; 5 studies (n=440)), pain-related fear (Fisher-z=0.35; 95%CI: 0.26, 0.44; 6 studies (n=492)), and pain catastrophizing (Fisher-z=0.47; 95%CI: 0.36, 0.58; 4 studies (n=312)) in people with musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSIONS Movement-evoked pain is weakly to moderately associated to depressive symptoms, pain-related fear, and pain catastrophizing in people with musculoskeletal pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Leemans
- Rehabilitation Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Corresponding author at: Rehabilitation Research Department and Pain in Motion International Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Physical Medicine and Physical Therapy, University Hospital Brussels, Belgium,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Luna Antonis
- Rehabilitation Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Hester den Bandt
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physical Therapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Applied Sciences Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zoe Franklin
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Mullie
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Belgian Defense, COS Well-Being, Queen Elisabeth Barracks, Evere, Belgium
| | - Maarten Moens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erika Joos
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Beckwée
- Rehabilitation Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Frailty in Ageing Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium,Department Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy
- Research Group MOVANT, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Patti MA, Henderson NB, Gajjar P, Eliot M, Jackson-Browne M, Braun JM. Gestational triclosan exposure and infant birth weight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106854. [PMID: 34560323 PMCID: PMC8576608 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to triclosan, an antimicrobial chemical used in some personal care and cleaning products, has been associated with reduced birth weight in some, but not all epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize the relation of gestational triclosan exposure with infant birth weight and identify sources of heterogeneity between studies. METHODS We identified original studies measuring urinary triclosan concentrations during pregnancy and reporting their association with infant birth weight, gestational age (GA) adjusted birth weight (g), or GA-standardized birth weight z-scores. Using a random effects model, we estimated differences in these outcomes per 10-fold increase in triclosan concentrations and considered triclosan levels and infant sex as sources of heterogeneity. Using Navigation Guide Methods, we evaluated risk of bias within individual studies and across the body of evidence. RESULTS Among thirteen studies, median triclosan concentrations varied by almost 2-orders of magnitude (0.6-29 ng/mL), with higher concentrations in North American and some European studies compared to Asian ones. Associations between triclosan and birth weight (β:-20 g; 95% CI:-65, 26; n = 6) were stronger than those for GA-adjusted birth weight (β:-12 g; 95% CI:-29, 5; n = 9). Triclosan was not associated with GA-standardized birth weight z-scores (β:-0.04; 95% CI:-0.16, 0.07; n = 5). The association between triclosan and GA-adjusted birth weight was stronger in studies with median triclosan values ≥10 ng/mL compared to studies with median values < 10 ng/mL (β:-27 g; 95% CI:-61, 7; n = 4 vs. β:6g; 95% CI:-20, 31; n = 5). With a limited number of studies, we observed suggestive evidence that inverse associations were more apparent in studies with ≥ 2 prospective triclosan measures compared to those with one measure. DISCUSSION Available evidence, with "low" risk of bias, provides limited evidence that triclosan exposure and reduces infant birth weight. We observed stronger inverse associations between triclosan concentrations and birth weight in populations with higher triclosan exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Patti
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| | - Noelle B Henderson
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| | - Priya Gajjar
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| | - Melissa Eliot
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| | | | - Joseph M Braun
- Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S. Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Romero Starke K, Reissig D, Petereit-Haack G, Schmauder S, Nienhaus A, Seidler A. The isolated effect of age on the risk of COVID-19 severe outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:e006434. [PMID: 34916273 PMCID: PMC8678541 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increased age has been reported to be a factor for COVID-19 severe outcomes. However, many studies do not consider the age dependency of comorbidities, which influence the course of disease. Protection strategies often target individuals after a certain age, which may not necessarily be evidence based. The aim of this review was to quantify the isolated effect of age on hospitalisation, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation and death. METHODS This review was based on an umbrella review, in which Pubmed, Embase and preprint databases were searched on 10 December 2020, for relevant reviews on COVID-19 disease severity. Two independent reviewers evaluated the primary studies using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results were extracted, and each study was assessed for risk of bias. The isolated effect of age was estimated by meta-analysis, and the quality of evidence was assessed using Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. RESULTS Seventy studies met our inclusion criteria (case mortality: n=14, in-hospital mortality: n=44, hospitalisation: n=16, admission to ICU: n=12, mechanical ventilation: n=7). The risk of in-hospital and case mortality increased per age year by 5.7% and 7.4%, respectively (effect size (ES) in-hospital mortality=1.057, 95% CI 1.038 to 1.054; ES case mortality=1.074, 95% CI 1.061 to 1.087), while the risk of hospitalisation increased by 3.4% per age year (ES=1.034, 95% CI 1.021 to 1.048). No increased risk was observed for ICU admission and intubation by age year. There was no evidence of a specific age threshold at which the risk accelerates considerably. The confidence of evidence was high for mortality and hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a best-possible quantification of the increase in COVID-19 disease severity due to age. Rather than implementing age thresholds, prevention programmes should consider the continuous increase in risk. There is a need for continuous, high-quality research and 'living' reviews to evaluate the evidence throughout the pandemic, as results may change due to varying circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Romero Starke
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Sociology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Sachsen, Germany
| | - David Reissig
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriela Petereit-Haack
- Division of Occupational Health, Department of Occupational Safety, Regional Government of South Hesse, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schmauder
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxic Substances and Health Research, Institution for Statutory Social Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health Care and Welfare Services (BGW), Hamburg, Germany
- Competence Centre for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Seidler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lagorio S, Blettner M, Baaken D, Feychting M, Karipidis K, Loney T, Orsini N, Röösli M, Paulo MS, Elwood M. The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: A protocol for a systematic review of human observational studies. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106828. [PMID: 34433115 PMCID: PMC8484862 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) has an ongoing project to assess potential health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) in the general and working population. Here we present the protocol for a systematic review of the scientific literature on cancer hazards from exposure to RF-EMF in humans, commissioned by the WHO as part of that project. OBJECTIVE To assess the quality and strength of the evidence provided by human observational studies for a causal association between exposure to RF-EMF and risk of neoplastic diseases. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We will include cohort and case-control studies investigating neoplasia risks in relation to three types of exposure to RF-EMF: near-field, head-localized, exposure from wireless phone use (SR-A); far-field, whole body, environmental exposure from fixed-site transmitters (SR-B); near/far-field occupational exposures from use of handheld transceivers or RF-emitting equipment in the workplace (SR-C). While no restriction on tumour type will be applied, we will focus on selected neoplasms of the central nervous system (brain, meninges, pituitary gland, acoustic nerve) and salivary gland tumours (SR-A); brain tumours and leukaemias (SR-B, SR-C). INFORMATION SOURCES Eligible studies will be identified through Medline, Embase, and EMF-Portal. RISK-OF-BIAS ASSESSMENT We will use a tailored version of the OHAT's tool to evaluate the study's internal validity. DATA SYNTHESIS We will consider separately studies on different tumours, neoplasm-specific risks from different exposure sources, and a given exposure-outcome pair in adults and children. When a quantitative synthesis of findings can be envisaged, the main aims of the meta-analysis will be to assess the strength of association and the shape of the exposure-response relationship; to quantify the degree of heterogeneity across studies; and explore the sources of inconsistency (if any). When a meta-analysis is judged inappropriate, we will perform a narrative synthesis, complemented by a structured tabulation of results and appropriate visual displays. EVIDENCE ASSESSMENT Confidence in evidence will be assessed in line with the GRADE approach. FUNDING This project is supported by the World Health Organization. Co-financing was provided by the New Zealand Ministry of Health; the Istituto Superiore di Sanità in its capacity as a WHO Collaborating Centre for Radiation and Health; ARPANSA as a WHO Collaborating Centre for Radiation Protection. REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021236798.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Lagorio
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Blettner
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University of Mainz, Germany.
| | - Dan Baaken
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University of Mainz, Germany.
| | - Maria Feychting
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ken Karipidis
- Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA), Yallambie, VIC, Australia.
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Nicola Orsini
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marilia Silva Paulo
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Montagnini BG, Forcato S, Pernoncine KV, Monteiro MC, Pereira MRF, Costa NO, Moreira EG, Anselmo-Franci JA, Gerardin DCC. Developmental and Reproductive Outcomes in Male Rats Exposed to Triclosan: Two-Generation Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:738980. [PMID: 34721297 PMCID: PMC8548666 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.738980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a phenolic compound with broad-spectrum antimicrobial action that has been incorporated into a variety of personal care products and other industry segments such as toys, textiles, and plastics. Due to its widespread use, TCS and its derivatives have been detected in several environmental compartments, with potential bioaccumulation and persistence. Indeed, some studies have demonstrated that TCS may act as a potential endocrine disruptor for the reproductive system. In the current study, we are reporting on the results obtained for male rats after a two-generation reproduction toxicity study conducted with TCS. Female and male Wistar rats were treated daily by gavage with TCS at doses of 0.8, 2.4, and 8.0 mg/kg/day or corn oil (control group) over 10 weeks (F0) and over 14 weeks (F1) before mating and then throughout mating, until weaning F2 generations, respectively. TCS exposure decreased sperm viability and motility of F1 rats at the dose of 2.4 mg/kg. The effects of TCS on sperm quality may be related to the exposure window, which includes the programming of reproductive cells that occurs during fetal/neonatal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Garcia Montagnini
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Simone Forcato
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Karine Vandressa Pernoncine
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mariana Cunha Monteiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marina Rangel Ferro Pereira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Orlandini Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Estefânia Gastadello Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Janete Aparecida Anselmo-Franci
- Department of Morphology, Stomatology and Physiology, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cristina Ceccatto Gerardin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Reproduction, Biological Sciences Center, Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Knox-Brown B, Mulhern O, Amaral AFS. Spirometry parameters used to define small airways obstruction in population-based studies: systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052931. [PMID: 34610942 PMCID: PMC8493897 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the use of spirometry for the assessment of small airways obstruction (SAO) driven by the idea that these changes occur prior to development of established obstructive lung disease. Maximal mid-expiratory and distal flow rates have been widely used despite a lack of agreement regarding parameter selection or definition of an abnormal result. We aim to provide evidence from population-based studies, describing the different parameters, definitions of normal range and the resulting impact on prevalence estimates for SAO. Summarising this evidence is important to inform development of future studies in this area. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A systematic review of population-based studies will be conducted. MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar will be searched from database inception to May 2021. Primary outcomes will include the spirometry parameter used to define SAO, and the definition of an abnormal result. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines will be followed for study selection. Study methods will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group methodology. Narrative synthesis will be conducted for all included studies. Meta-analysis will also be conducted for prevalence estimates and associated risk factors where data quality and availability allow. Random effects models will be used to conduct the meta-analysis and I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity across studies. Where appropriate subgroup analysis will be conducted to explore heterogeneity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION There is no requirement for ethical approval for this project. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and other formats, for example, conferences, congresses or symposia. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021250206.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Knox-Brown
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Octavia Mulhern
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andre F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rugulies R, Sørensen K, Di Tecco C, Bonafede M, Rondinone BM, Ahn S, Ando E, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Cabello M, Descatha A, Dragano N, Durand-Moreau Q, Eguchi H, Gao J, Godderis L, Kim J, Li J, Madsen IEH, Pachito DV, Sembajwe G, Siegrist J, Tsuno K, Ujita Y, Wang J, Zadow A, Iavicoli S, Pega F. The effect of exposure to long working hours on depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106629. [PMID: 34144478 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), supported by a large number of individual experts. Evidence from previous reviews suggests that exposure to long working hours may cause depression. In this article, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating (if feasible) the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from depression that are attributable to exposure to long working hours, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of exposure to long working hours (three categories: 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on depression (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence and mortality). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including the WHO International Clinical Trial Registers Platform, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CISDOC and PsycInfo. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (aged <15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of exposure to long working hours (41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on depression (prevalence, incidence and/or mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Missing data were requested from principal study authors. We combined odds ratios using random-effects meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence and strength of evidence, using Navigation Guide and GRADE tools and approaches adapted to this project. RESULTS Twenty-two studies (all cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 109,906 participants (51,324 females) in 32 countries (as one study included multiple countries) in three WHO regions (Americas, Europe and Western Pacific). The exposure was measured using self-reports in all studies, and the outcome was assessed with a clinical diagnostic interview (four studies), interview questions about diagnosis and treatment of depression (three studies) or a validated self-administered rating scale (15 studies). The outcome was defined as incident depression in all 22 studies, with first time incident depression in 21 studies and recurrence of depression in one study. We did not identify any study on prevalence of depression or on mortality from depression. For the body of evidence for the outcome incident depression, we had serious concerns for risk of bias due to selection because of incomplete outcome data (most studies assessed depression only twice, at baseline and at a later follow-up measurement, and likely have missed cases of depression that occurred after baseline but were in remission at the time of the follow-up measurement) and due to missing information on life-time prevalence of depression before baseline measurement. Compared with working 35-40 h/week, we are uncertain about the effect on acquiring (or incidence of) depression of working 41-48 h/week (pooled odds ratio (OR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86 to 1.29, 8 studies, 49,392 participants, I2 46%, low quality of evidence); 49-54 h/week (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.21, 8 studies, 49,392 participants, I2 40%, low quality of evidence); and ≥ 55 h/week (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.24, 17 studies, 91,142 participants, I2 46%, low quality of evidence). Subgroup analyses found no evidence for statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences by WHO region, sex, age group and socioeconomic status. Sensitivity analyses found no statistically significant differences by outcome measurement (clinical diagnostic interview [gold standard] versus other measures) and risk of bias ("high"/"probably high" ratings in any domain versus "low"/"probably low" in all domains). CONCLUSIONS We judged the existing bodies of evidence from human data as "inadequate evidence for harmfulness" for all three exposure categories, 41-48, 48-54 and ≥55 h/week, for depression prevalence, incidence and mortality; the available evidence is insufficient to assess effects of the exposure. Producing estimates of the burden of depression attributable to exposure to long working appears not evidence-based at this point. Instead, studies examining the association between long working hours and risk of depression are needed that address the limitations of the current evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kathrine Sørensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Cristina Di Tecco
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Michela Bonafede
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Bruna M Rondinone
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Seoyeon Ahn
- National Pension Research Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Cabello
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
| | - Alexis Descatha
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; AP-HP (Paris Hospital), Occupational Health Unit, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France; Inserm Versailles St-Quentin Univ - Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, Villejuif, France.
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Quentin Durand-Moreau
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Hisashi Eguchi
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan; Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Knagawa, Japan.
| | - Junling Gao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Ida E H Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Grace Sembajwe
- Department of Occupational Medicine Epidemiology and Prevention, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, New York, United States; Department of Environmental Occupational and Geospatial Sciences, CUNY Institute for Implementation Science in Public Health, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, United States.
| | | | - Kanami Tsuno
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Japan.
| | - Yuka Ujita
- Labour Administration, Labour Inspection and Occupational Safety and Health Branch, International Labour Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - JianLi Wang
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Amy Zadow
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Menon JML, van Luijk JAKR, Swinkels J, Lukas E, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Roeleveld N, Schlünssen V, Mandrioli D, Hoffmann S, Popa M, Scheepers PTJ. A health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for nitrous oxide using experimental animal data based on a systematic review and dose-response analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111575. [PMID: 34174259 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a common inhalation anaesthetic used in medical, paramedical, and veterinary practice. Since the mid 1950's, concerns have been raised regarding occupational exposure to N2O, leading to many epidemiological and experimental animal studies. Previous evaluations resulted in the classification of N2O as a possible risk factor for adverse reproductive health outcomes based on animal data. Human data were deemed inadequate primarily because of simultaneous co-exposures to other risk factors for adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes, including other anaesthetic gases. Since previous evaluations, controversies regarding N2O use remained and new approaches for dose response modelling have been adopted, calling for an update and re-evaluation of the body of evidence. This review aims to assess available animal evidence on N2O reproductive and developmental outcomes to inform a health-based recommended occupational exposure limit (OEL) for N2O with a benchmark dose-response modelling (BMD) approach. METHODS Comprehensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were performed to retrieve all relevant studies addressing reproductive and developmental outcomes related to inhalation of N2O in animals. The articles retrieved were screened based on title-abstract and full text by two independent reviewers. After data extraction, an overview of all studies was created for the different endpoints, namely foetal outcomes (e.g., resorption), female outcomes (e.g. implantations), and male outcomes (e.g. sperm count). A subset of studies reporting on exposure relevant to workplace settings and with a sufficient number of tested doses were included in dose-response modelling using the BMD approach. RESULTS In total, 15.816 articles were retrieved, of which 47 articles were finally included while 4 of those were used for the quantitative data synthesis. The overall risk of bias was judged to be probably high (using OHAT risk of bias tool) and unclear (using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool). From eligible rat studies, three studies provided an acceptable result by fitting a Hill model to the dose-response data. The resulting benchmark dose lower bounds (BMDLs) from three studies converged to an average (±sd) exposure level of 925 ± 2 mg/m3 at an additional risk of one standard deviation of implantation losses above those observed in the control group (i.e. reduced number of live foetuses/mother). For extrapolation from rats to humans, an uncertainty factor of 10 was used and an additional factor of 5 was applied to account for interindividual variability within the population of workers. CONCLUSION With this systematic review, all available evidence for reproductive toxicity and adverse developmental outcomes in animals resulting from inhalation exposure to N2O was used to derive a health-based OEL recommendation of 20 mg/m3 as 8-h time-weighted average.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M L Menon
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith A K R van Luijk
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janne Swinkels
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Lukas
- Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark and National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sebastian Hoffmann
- The Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang D, Kong S, Wang F, Tse LA, Tang Z, Zhao Y, Li C, Li M, Li Z, Lu S. Urinary triclosan in south China adults and implications for human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117561. [PMID: 34126513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is widely applied in personal care products (PCPs) as an antimicrobial preservative. Due to its toxicity and potential risk to human health, TCS has attracted mounting concerns in recent years. However, biomonitoring of TCS in large human populations remains limited in China. In this study, 1163 adults in South China were recruited and urinary TCS concentrations were determined. TCS was detected in 99.5% of urine samples, indicating broad exposure in the study population. Urinary concentrations of TCS ranged from below the limit of detection (LOD) to 270 μg/L, with a median value of 3.67 μg/L. Urinary TCS concentrations from individuals were all lower than the Biomonitoring Equivalents reference dose, suggesting relatively low health risk in the participants. TCS concentrations did not differ significantly between sexes or education levels (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, marital status and age were found to be positively influence TCS levels (p < 0.001). After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), age was determined to be positively associated with TCS concentrations (p < 0.05), particularly in the age group from 31 to 51 years old. This study provides a baseline of urinary TCS exposure in South China general adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sifang Kong
- School of Traffic & Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi Tang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhui Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang Y, Mustieles V, Williams PL, Yland J, Souter I, Braun JM, Calafat AM, Hauser R, Messerlian C. Prenatal urinary concentrations of phenols and risk of preterm birth: exploring windows of vulnerability. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:820-832. [PMID: 34238571 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore windows of vulnerability to prenatal urinary phenol concentrations and preterm birth. DESIGN Prospective cohort. SETTING A large fertility center in Boston, Massachusetts. PATIENT(S) A total of 386 mothers who sought fertility treatment and gave birth to a singleton between 2005 and 2018. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Singleton live birth with gestational age <37 completed weeks. RESULT(S) Compared with women with non-preterm births, urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations were higher across gestation among women with preterm births, particularly during mid-to-late pregnancy and among those with female infants. Second trimester BPA concentrations were associated with preterm birth (Risk Ratio [RR] 1.24; 95%CI: 0.92, 1.69), which was primarily driven by female (RR 1.40; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.89) and not male (RR 0.85; 95%CI 0.50, 1.46) infants. First trimester paraben concentrations were also associated with preterm birth (RR 1.17; 95%CI: 0.94, 1.46) and similarly the association was only observed for female (RR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.94) and not male infants (RR 0.94; 95%CIC: 0.72, 1.23). First trimester urinary bisphenol S concentrations showed a suggested risk of preterm birth (RR 1.25; 95%CI: 0.82, 1.89), although the small case numbers precluded sex-specific examination. CONCLUSION(S) We found preliminary evidence of associations between mid-to-late pregnancy BPA and early pregnancy paraben concentrations with preterm birth among those with female infants only. Preterm birth risk may be compound, sex, and window specific. Given the limited sample size of this cohort, results should be confirmed in larger studies, including fertile populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), and Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Yland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Irene Souter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Teixeira LR, Pega F, Dzhambov AM, Bortkiewicz A, da Silva DTC, de Andrade CAF, Gadzicka E, Hadkhale K, Iavicoli S, Martínez-Silveira MS, Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska M, Rondinone BM, Siedlecka J, Valenti A, Gagliardi D. The effect of occupational exposure to noise on ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-Related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106387. [PMID: 33612311 PMCID: PMC8204276 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large number of individual experts. Evidence from mechanistic data suggests that occupational exposure to noise may cause cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from CVD that are attributable to occupational exposure to noise, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of any (high) occupational exposure to noise (≥85 dBA), compared with no (low) occupational exposure to noise (<85 dBA), on the prevalence, incidence and mortality of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and hypertension. DATA SOURCES A protocol was developed and published, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies up to 1 April 2019, including International Trials Register, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science, and CISDOC. The MEDLINE and Pubmed searches were updated on 31 January 2020. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of any occupational exposure to noise on CVD prevalence, incidence or mortality, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (<85 dBA). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. We prioritized evidence from cohort studies and combined relative risk estimates using random-effect meta-analysis. To assess the robustness of findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses (leave-one-out meta-analysis and used as alternative fixed effects and inverse-variance heterogeneity estimators). At least two review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence and strength of evidence, using Navigation Guide tools and approaches adapted to this project. RESULTS Seventeen studies (11 cohort studies, six case-control studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 534,688 participants (39,947 or 7.47% females) in 11 countries in three WHO regions (the Americas, Europe, and the Western Pacific). The exposure was generally assessed with dosimetry, sound level meter and/or official or company records. The outcome was most commonly assessed using health records. We are very uncertain (low quality of evidence) about the effect of occupational exposure to noise (≥85 dBA), compared with no occupational exposure to noise (<85 dBA), on: having IHD (0 studies); acquiring IHD (relative risk (RR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.15 to 1.43, two studies, 11,758 participants, I2 0%); dying from IHD (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.93-1.14, four studies, 198,926 participants, I2 26%); having stroke (0 studies); acquiring stroke (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.82-1.65, two studies, 170,000 participants, I2 0%); dying from stroke (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.93-1.12, three studies, 195,539 participants, I2 0%); having hypertension (0 studies); acquiring hypertension (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.90-1.28, three studies, four estimates, 147,820 participants, I2 52%); and dying from hypertension (0 studies). Data for subgroup analyses were missing. Sensitivity analyses supported the main analyses. CONCLUSIONS For acquiring IHD, we judged the existing body of evidence from human data to provide "limited evidence of harmfulness"; a positive relationship is observed between exposure and outcome where chance, bias, and confounding cannot be ruled out with reasonable confidence. For all other included outcomes, the bodies of evidence were judged as "inadequate evidence of harmfulness". Producing estimates for the burden of CVD attributable to occupational exposure to noise appears to not be evidence-based at this time. PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.040. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018092272.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliane R Teixeira
- Workers' Health and Human Ecology Research Center, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Alicja Bortkiewicz
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Denise T Correa da Silva
- Workers' Health and Human Ecology Research Center, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carlos A F de Andrade
- Department of Epidemiology and Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; School of Medicine, Universidade de Vassouras, Vassouras, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Elzbieta Gadzicka
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Kishor Hadkhale
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Bruna M Rondinone
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| | - Jadwiga Siedlecka
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Antonio Valenti
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| | - Diana Gagliardi
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sutton P, Chartres N, Rayasam SDG, Daniels N, Lam J, Maghrbi E, Woodruff TJ. Reviews in environmental health: How systematic are they? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 152:106473. [PMID: 33798823 PMCID: PMC8118386 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesizing environmental health science is crucial to taking action to protect public health. Procedures for evidence evaluation and integration are transitioning from "expert-based narrative" to "systematic" review methods. However, little is known about the methodology being utilized for either type of review. OBJECTIVES To appraise the methodological strengths and weaknesses of a sample of "expert-based narrative" and "systematic" reviews in environmental health. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of multiple databases and identified relevant reviews using pre-specified eligibility criteria. We applied a modified version of the Literature Review Appraisal Toolkit (LRAT) to three environmental health topics that assessed the utility, validity and transparency of reviews. RESULTS We identified 29 reviews published between 2003 and 2019, of which 13 (45%) were self-identified as systematic reviews. Across every LRAT domain, systematic reviews received a higher percentage of "satisfactory" ratings compared to non-systematic reviews. In eight of these domains, there was a statistically significant difference observed between the two types of reviews and "satisfactory" ratings. Non-systematic reviews performed poorly with the majority receiving an "unsatisfactory" or "unclear" rating in 11 of the 12 domains. Systematic reviews performed poorly in six of the 12 domains; 10 (77%) did not state the reviews objectives or develop a protocol; eight (62%) did not state the roles and contribution of the authors, or evaluate the internal validity of the included evidence consistently using a valid method; and only seven (54%) stated a pre-defined definition of the evidence bar on which their conclusions were based, or had an author disclosure of interest statement. DISCUSSION Systematic reviews produced more useful, valid, and transparent conclusions compared to non-systematic reviews, but poorly conducted systematic reviews were prevalent. Ongoing development and implementation of empirically based systematic review methods are required in environmental health to ensure transparent and timely decision making to protect the public's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Sutton
- UCSF Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Box 0132, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- UCSF Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Box 0132, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Swati D G Rayasam
- UCSF Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Box 0132, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Natalyn Daniels
- UCSF Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Box 0132, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Juleen Lam
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University East Bay, SF 533, 25800 Carlos Bee Blvd, Hayward, CA 94542, United States.
| | - Eman Maghrbi
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University East Bay, SF 533, 25800 Carlos Bee Blvd, Hayward, CA 94542, United States.
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- UCSF Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Box 0132, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 10, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang Y, Mustieles V, Williams PL, Wylie BJ, Souter I, Calafat AM, Demokritou M, Lee A, Vagios S, Hauser R, Messerlian C. Parental preconception exposure to phenol and phthalate mixtures and the risk of preterm birth. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 151:106440. [PMID: 33640694 PMCID: PMC8488320 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental preconception exposure to select phenols and phthalates was previously associated with increased risk of preterm birth in single chemical analyses. However, the joint effect of phenol and phthalate mixtures on preterm birth is unknown. METHODS We included 384 female and 211 male (203 couples) participants seeking infertility treatment in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study who gave birth to 384 singleton infants between 2005 and 2018. Mean preconception urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), parabens, and eleven phthalate biomarkers, including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites, were examined. We used principal component analysis (PCA) with log-Poisson regression and Probit Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) with hierarchical variable selection to examine maternal and paternal phenol and phthalate mixtures in relation to preterm birth. Couple-based BKMR model was fit to assess couples' joint mixtures in relation to preterm birth. RESULTS PCA identified the same four factors for maternal and paternal preconception mixtures. Each unit increase in PCA scores of maternal (adjusted Risk Ratio (aRR): 1.36, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.84) and paternal (aRR: 1.47, 95%CI: 0.90, 2.42) preconception DEHP-BPA factor was positively associated with preterm birth. Maternal and paternal BKMR models consistently presented the DEHP-BPA factor with the highest group Posterior Inclusion Probability (PIP). BKMR models further showed that maternal preconception BPA and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, and paternal preconception mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were positively associated with preterm birth when the remaining mixture components were held at their median concentrations. Couple-based BKMR models showed a similar relative contribution of paternal (PIP: 61%) and maternal (PIP: 77%) preconception mixtures on preterm birth. We found a positive joint effect on preterm birth across increasing quantiles of couples' total mixture concentrations. CONCLUSION In this prospective cohort of subfertile couples, maternal BPA and DEHP, and paternal DEHP exposure before conception were positively associated with preterm birth. Both parental windows jointly contributed to the outcome. These results suggest that preterm birth may be a couple-based pregnancy outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 18100, Spain
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blair J Wylie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene Souter
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melina Demokritou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandria Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stylianos Vagios
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hulshof CTJ, Pega F, Neupane S, Colosio C, Daams JG, Kc P, Kuijer PPFM, Mandic-Rajcevic S, Masci F, van der Molen HF, Nygård CH, Oakman J, Proper KI, Frings-Dresen MHW. The effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors on osteoarthritis of hip or knee and selected other musculoskeletal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 150:106349. [PMID: 33546919 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Evidence from mechanistic data suggests that occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors may cause selected other musculoskeletal diseases, other than back or neck pain (MSD) or osteoarthritis of hip or knee (OA). In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of disability-adjusted life years from MSD or OA that are attributable to occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors (force exertion, demanding posture, repetitiveness, hand-arm vibration, lifting, kneeling and/or squatting, and climbing) on MSD and OA (two outcomes: prevalence and incidence). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including the International Trials Register, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and CISDOC. We also searched electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors (any exposure to force exertion, demanding posture, repetitiveness, hand-arm vibration, lifting, kneeling and/or squatting, and climbing ≥ 2 h/day) compared with no or low exposure to the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (<2 h/day) on the prevalence or incidence of MSD or OA. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Missing data were requested from principal study authors. We combined odds ratios using random-effect meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using Navigation Guide tools adapted to this project. RESULTS In total eight studies (4 cohort studies and 4 case control studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 2,378,729 participants (1,157,943 females and 1,220,786 males) in 6 countries in 3 WHO regions (Europe, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific). The exposure was measured using self-reports in most studies and with a job exposure matrix in one study and outcome was generally assessed with physician diagnostic records or administrative health data. Across included studies, risk of bias was generally moderate. Compared with no or low exposure (<2 h per day), any occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors increased the risk of acquiring MSD (odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14 to 2.72, 4 studies, 2,376,592 participants, I2 70%); and increased the risk of acquiring OA of knee or hip (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.40, 3 studies, 1,354 participants, I2 13%); Subgroup analysis for MSD found evidence for differences by sex, but indicated a difference in study type, where OR was higher among study participants in a case control study compared to study participants in cohort studies. CONCLUSIONS Overall, for both outcomes, the main body of evidence was assessed as being of low quality. Occupational exposure to ergonomic risk factors increased the risk of acquiring MSD and of acquiring OA of knee or hip. We judged the body of human evidence on the relationship between exposure to occupational ergonomic factors and MSD as "limited evidence of harmfulness" and the relationship between exposure to occupational ergonomic factors and OA also as "limited evidence of harmfulness". These relative risks might perhaps be suitable as input data for WHO/ILO modelling of work-related burden of disease and injury. Protocol identifier: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.053 PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018102631.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carel T J Hulshof
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Subas Neupane
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Science, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Claudio Colosio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; International Centre for Rural Heath, University Hospital San Paolo, Milan, Italy.
| | - Joost G Daams
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Prakash Kc
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Science, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Paul P F M Kuijer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Mandic-Rajcevic
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; International Centre for Rural Heath, University Hospital San Paolo, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Masci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; International Centre for Rural Heath, University Hospital San Paolo, Milan, Italy.
| | - Henk F van der Molen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Clas-Håkan Nygård
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Science, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Jodi Oakman
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Karin I Proper
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fatima SH, Rothmore P, Giles LC, Varghese BM, Bi P. Extreme heat and occupational injuries in different climate zones: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 148:106384. [PMID: 33472088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between heat exposure and adverse health outcomes in workers is well documented and a growing body of epidemiological evidence from various countries suggests that extreme heat may also contribute to increased risk of occupational injuries (OI). Previously, there have been no comparative reviews assessing the risk of OI due to extreme heat within a wide range of global climate zones. The present review therefore aims to summarise the existing epidemiological evidence on the impact of extreme heat (hot temperatures and heatwaves (HW)) on OI in different climate zones and to assess the individual risk factors associated with workers and workplace that contribute to heat-associated OI risks. METHODS A systematic review of published peer-reviewed articles that assessed the effects of extreme heat on OI among non-military workers was undertaken using three databases (PubMed, Embase and Scopus) without temporal or geographical limits from database inception until July 2020. Extreme heat exposure was assessed in terms of hot temperatures and HW periods. For hot temperatures, the effect estimates were converted to relative risks (RR) associated with 1 °C increase in temperature above reference values, while for HW, effect estimates were RR comparing heatwave with non-heatwave periods. The patterns of heat associated OI risk were investigated in different climate zones (according to Köppen Geiger classification) based on the study locations and were estimated using random-effects meta-analysis models. Subgroup analyses according to workers' characteristics (e.g. gender, age group, experience), nature of work (e.g. physical demands, location of work i.e. indoor/outdoor) and workplace characteristics (e.g. industries, business size) were also conducted. RESULTS A total of 24 studies published between 2005 and 2020 were included in the review. Among these, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria, representing almost 22 million OI across six countries (Australia, Canada, China, Italy, Spain, and USA) and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested that the overall risk of OI increased by 1% (RR 1.010, 95% CI: 1.009-1.011) for 1 °C increase in temperature above reference values and 17.4% (RR 1.174, 95% CI: 1.057-1.291) during HW. Among different climate zones, the highest risk of OI during hot temperatures was identified in Humid Subtropical Climates (RR 1.017, 95% CI: 1.014-1.020) followed by Oceanic (RR 1.010, 95% CI: 1.008-1.012) and Hot Mediterranean Climates (RR 1.009, 95% CI: 1.008-1.011). Similarly, Oceanic (RR 1.218, 95% CI: 1.093-1.343) and Humid Subtropical Climates (RR 1.213, 95% CI: 0.995-1.431) had the highest risk of OI during HW periods. No studies assessing the risk of OI in Tropical regions were found. The effects of hot temperatures on the risk of OI were acute with a lag effect of 1-2 days in all climate zones. Young workers (age < 35 years), male workers and workers in agriculture, forestry or fishing, construction and manufacturing industries were at high risk of OI during hot temperatures. Further young workers (age < 35 years), male workers and those working in electricity, gas and water and manufacturing industries were found to be at high risk of OI during HW. CONCLUSIONS This review strengthens the evidence on the risk of heat-associated OI in different climate zones. The risk of OI associated with extreme heat is not evenly distributed and is dependent on underlying climatic conditions, workers' attributes, the nature of work and workplace characteristics. The differences in the risk of OI across different climate zones and worker subgroups warrant further investigation along with the development of climate and work-specific intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Rothmore
- School of Allied Health Science and Practice, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lynne C Giles
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Peng Bi
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pachito DV, Pega F, Bakusic J, Boonen E, Clays E, Descatha A, Delvaux E, De Bacquer D, Koskenvuo K, Kröger H, Lambrechts MC, Latorraca COC, Li J, Cabrera Martimbianco AL, Riera R, Rugulies R, Sembajwe G, Siegrist J, Sillanmäki L, Sumanen M, Suominen S, Ujita Y, Vandersmissen G, Godderis L. The effect of exposure to long working hours on alcohol consumption, risky drinking and alcohol use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106205. [PMID: 33189992 PMCID: PMC7786792 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing Joint Estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Evidence from mechanistic data suggests that exposure to long working hours may increase alcohol consumption and cause alcohol use disorder. In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder that are attributable to exposure to long working hours, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of exposure to long working hours (three categories: 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on alcohol consumption, risky drinking (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence and mortality) and alcohol use disorder (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence and mortality). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic bibliographic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including the WHO International Clinical Trials Register, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, and CISDOC on 30 June 2018. Searches on PubMed were updated on 18 April 2020. We also searched electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We considered for inclusion randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of exposure to long working hours (41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on alcohol consumption (in g/week), risky drinking, and alcohol use disorder (prevalence, incidence or mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from publications related to qualifying studies. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence and strength of evidence, using Navigation Guide and GRADE tools and approaches adapted to this project. RESULTS Fourteen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 104,599 participants (52,107 females) in six countries of three WHO regions (Americas, South-East Asia, and Europe). The exposure and outcome were assessed with self-reported measures in most studies. Across included studies, risk of bias was generally probably high, with risk judged high or probably high for detection bias and missing data for alcohol consumption and risky drinking. Compared to working 35-40 h/week, exposure to working 41-48 h/week increased alcohol consumption by 10.4 g/week (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.59-15.20; seven studies; 25,904 participants, I2 71%, low quality evidence). Exposure to working 49-54 h/week increased alcohol consumption by 17.69 g/week (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.16-26.22; seven studies, 19,158 participants, I2 82%, low quality evidence). Exposure to working ≥55 h/week increased alcohol consumption by 16.29 g/week (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.93-24.65; seven studies; 19,692 participants; I2 82%, low quality evidence). We are uncertain about the effect of exposure to working 41-48 h/week, compared with working 35-40 h/week on developing risky drinking (relative risk 1.08; 95% CI 0.86-1.36; 12 studies; I2 52%, low certainty evidence). Working 49-54 h/week did not increase the risk of developing risky drinking (relative risk 1.12; 95% CI 0.90-1.39; 12 studies; 3832 participants; I2 24%, moderate certainty evidence), nor working ≥55 h/week (relative risk 1.11; 95% CI 0.95-1.30; 12 studies; 4525 participants; I2 0%, moderate certainty evidence). Subgroup analyses indicated that age may influence the association between long working hours and both alcohol consumption and risky drinking. We did not identify studies for which we had access to results on alcohol use disorder. CONCLUSIONS Overall, for alcohol consumption in g/week and for risky drinking, we judged this body of evidence to be of low certainty. Exposure to long working hours may have increased alcohol consumption, but we are uncertain about the effect on risky drinking. We found no eligible studies on the effect on alcohol use disorder. Producing estimates for the burden of alcohol use disorder attributable to exposure to long working hours appears to not be evidence-based at this time. PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.07.025. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018084077.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela V Pachito
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro 142, Bela Vista, São Paulo, Brazil; Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Av. Paulista, 548, Bela Vista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank Pega
- Environment, Climate Change and Health Department, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - Jelena Bakusic
- Centre for Environment and Health of KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Emma Boonen
- KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Els Clays
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Campus University Hospital Ghent, Cornel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Alexis Descatha
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital), Occupational Health Unit, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France; Inserm Versailles St-Quentin Univ - Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, Villejuif, France; Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Ellen Delvaux
- KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Social and Cultural Psychology of KU Leuven, Dekenstraat 2, box 3701, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dirk De Bacquer
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Campus University Hospital Ghent, Cornel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Karoliina Koskenvuo
- The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, PO Box 450, FIN-00056 Kela, Finland; Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hannes Kröger
- Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie-Claire Lambrechts
- Centre for Environment and Health of KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; VAD, Flemish Expertise Centre for Alcohol and Other Drugs, Vanderlindenstraat 15, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Carolina O C Latorraca
- Discipline of Evidence-based Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Ana L Cabrera Martimbianco
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), 536 Conselheiro Nébias, Santos, Brazil; Cochrane Brazil, Affiliate Center Rio de Janeiro, 136 Barão do Rio Branco, Petrópolis, Brazil; Centro Universitário São Camilo, 1501 Nazaré, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel Riera
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Rua Barata Ribeiro 142, Bela Vista, São Paulo, Brazil; Discipline of Evidence-based Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Oxford-Brazil EBM-Alliance, Brazil
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Grace Sembajwe
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention (OMEP), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, 175 Community Drive, NY 11021, United States; CUNY Institute for Implementation Science, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 W 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, United States.
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Life Science Centre, University of Düsseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1a, D-40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Lauri Sillanmäki
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Mannerheimintie 172, 00300 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Joukahaisenkatu 3-5, 20520 Turku, Finland; Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Markku Sumanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Sakari Suominen
- Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Finland; University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences, Sweden.
| | - Yuka Ujita
- Labour Administration, Labour Inspection and Occupational Safety and Health Branch, International Labour Organization, Route des Morillons 4, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Godelieve Vandersmissen
- KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environment and Health of KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/5, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Olker JH, Korte JJ, Denny JS, Haselman JT, Hartig PC, Cardon MC, Hornung MW, Degitz SJ. In vitro screening for chemical inhibition of the iodide recycling enzyme, iodotyrosine deiodinase. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 71:105073. [PMID: 33352258 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The iodide recycling enzyme, iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD), is a largely unstudied molecular mechanism through which environmental chemicals can potentially cause thyroid disruption. This highly conserved enzyme plays an essential role in maintaining adequate levels of free iodide for thyroid hormone synthesis. Thyroid disruption following in vivo IYD inhibition has been documented in mammalian and amphibian models; however, few chemicals have been tested for IYD inhibition in either in vivo or in vitro assays. Presented here are the development and application of a screening assay to assess susceptibility of IYD to chemical inhibition. With recombinant human IYD enzyme, a 96-well plate in vitro assay was developed and then used to screen over 1800 unique substances from the U.S. EPA ToxCast screening library. Through a tiered screening approach, 194 IYD inhibitors were identified (inhibited IYD enzyme activity by 20% or greater at target concentration of 200 μM). 154 chemicals were further tested in concentration-response (0.032-200 μM) to determine IC50 and rank-order potency. This work broadens the coverage of thyroid-relevant molecular targets for chemical screening, provides the largest set of chemicals tested for IYD inhibition, and aids in prioritizing chemicals for targeted in vivo testing to evaluate thyroid-related adverse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Olker
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA.
| | - Joseph J Korte
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Jonathan T Haselman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Phillip C Hartig
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Mary C Cardon
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Michael W Hornung
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pega F, Chartres N, Guha N, Modenese A, Morgan RL, Martínez-Silveira MS, Loomis D. The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus and lung cancer: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106089. [PMID: 32950789 PMCID: PMC7569600 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Welding fumes have been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC); this assessment found sufficient evidence from studies in humans that welding fumes are a cause of lung cancer. In this article, we present the protocol for a systematic review of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from trachea, bronchus and lung cancer attributable to occupational exposure to welding fumes, to inform the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aim to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus and lung cancer, applying the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology as an organizing framework. DATA SOURCES We will search electronic bibliographic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CISDOC. We will also search electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand search reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consult additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We will include working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any Member State of WHO and/or ILO but exclude children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. The eligible risk factor will be occupational exposure to welding fumes, measured directly or indirectly (i.e., through proxy of relevant occupation, work task, job-exposure matrix, expert judgment or self-report). The eligible outcomes will be trachea, bronchus and lung cancer. We will include randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the relative effect of any occupational exposure to welding fumes on the prevalence of, incidence of or mortality from trachea, bronchus and lung cancer, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level of no occupational exposure to welding fumes. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Two or more review authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the Navigation Guide tool or approach. If feasible, we will combine relative risks using meta-analysis. We will report results using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Neela Guha
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Dana Loomis
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li J, Rugulies R, Morgan RL, Woodruff T, Siegrist J. Systematic review and meta-analysis on exposure to long working hours and risk of ischaemic heart disease - Conclusions are supported by the evidence. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106118. [PMID: 33051043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Tracey Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Life Science Centre, University of Düsseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1a, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Eick SM, Goin DE, Chartres N, Lam J, Woodruff TJ. Assessing risk of bias in human environmental epidemiology studies using three tools: different conclusions from different tools. Syst Rev 2020; 9:249. [PMID: 33121530 PMCID: PMC7596989 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic reviews are increasingly prevalent in environmental health due to their ability to synthesize evidence while reducing bias. Different systematic review methods have been developed by the US National Toxicology Program's Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), and by the US EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), including the approach to assess risk of bias (ROB), one of the most vital steps which is used to evaluate internal validity of the studies. Our objective was to compare the performance of three tools (OHAT, IRIS, TSCA) in assessing ROB. METHODS We selected a systematic review on polybrominated diphenyl ethers and intelligence quotient and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder because it had been endorsed by the National Academy of Sciences. Two reviewers followed verbatim instructions from the tools and independently applied each tool to assess ROB in 15 studies previously identified. We documented the time to apply each tool and the impact the ROB ratings for each tool had on the final rating of the quality of the overall body of evidence. RESULTS The time to complete the ROB assessments varied widely (mean = 20, 32, and 40 min per study for the OHAT, IRIS, and TSCA tools, respectively). All studies were rated overall "low" or "uninformative" using IRIS, due to "deficient" or "critically deficient" ratings in one or two domains. Similarly, all studies were rated "unacceptable" using the TSCA tool because of one "unacceptable" rating in a metric related to statistical power. Approximately half of the studies had "low" or "probably low ROB" ratings across all domains with the OHAT and Navigation Guide tools. CONCLUSIONS Tools that use overall ROB or study quality ratings, such as IRIS and TSCA, may reduce the available evidence to assess the harms of environmental exposures by erroneously excluding studies, which leads to inaccurate conclusions about the quality of the body of evidence. We recommend using ROB tools that circumvents these issues, such as OHAT and Navigation Guide. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This review has not been registered as it is not a systematic review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Eick
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Dana E Goin
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Juleen Lam
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.,Department of Health Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Whaley P, Aiassa E, Beausoleil C, Beronius A, Bilotta G, Boobis A, de Vries R, Hanberg A, Hoffmann S, Hunt N, Kwiatkowski CF, Lam J, Lipworth S, Martin O, Randall N, Rhomberg L, Rooney AA, Schünemann HJ, Wikoff D, Wolffe T, Halsall C. Recommendations for the conduct of systematic reviews in toxicology and environmental health research (COSTER). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105926. [PMID: 32653802 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several standards that offer explicit guidance on good practice in systematic reviews (SRs) for the medical sciences; however, no similarly comprehensive set of recommendations has been published for SRs that focus on human health risks posed by exposure to environmental challenges, chemical or otherwise. OBJECTIVES To develop an expert, cross-sector consensus view on a key set of recommended practices for the planning and conduct of SRs in the environmental health sciences. METHODS A draft set of recommendations was derived from two existing standards for SRs in biomedicine and developed in a consensus process, which engaged international participation from government, industry, non-government organisations, and academia. The consensus process consisted of a workshop, follow-up webinars, email discussion and bilateral phone calls. RESULTS The Conduct of Systematic Reviews in Toxicology and Environmental Health Research (COSTER) recommendations cover 70 SR practices across eight performance domains. Detailed explanations for specific recommendations are made for those identified by the authors as either being novel to SR in general, specific to the environmental health SR context, or potentially controversial to environmental health SR stakeholders. DISCUSSION COSTER provides a set of recommendations that should facilitate the production of credible, high-value SRs of environmental health evidence, and advance discussion of a number of controversial aspects of conduct of EH SRs. Key recommendations include the management of conflicts of interest, handling of grey literature, and protocol registration and publication. A process for advancing from COSTER's recommendations to developing a formal standard for EH SRs is also indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Whaley
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Elisa Aiassa
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Assessment and Methodological Support Unit, Via Carlo Magno 1/A, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Claire Beausoleil
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety), Risk Assessment Department, Chemical Substances Assessment Unit, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Anna Beronius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gary Bilotta
- School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Alan Boobis
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Rob de Vries
- SYRCLE, Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Annika Hanberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sebastian Hoffmann
- Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Paderborn, Germany.
| | - Neil Hunt
- Yordas Group, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | | | - Juleen Lam
- University of California, San Francisco and California State University, East Bay, 28500 Carlos Bee Blvd Room 502, Hayward, CA 94542, USA.
| | - Steven Lipworth
- Royal Society of Chemistry, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BA, UK
| | - Olwenn Martin
- Institute for the Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.
| | | | | | - Andrew A Rooney
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC, USA.
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- McGRADE Centre and Michael G De Groote Cochrane Canada Centre, Dept. of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Daniele Wikoff
- ToxStrategies, 31 College Place, Suite B118B, Asheville, NC 28801, USA.
| | - Taylor Wolffe
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Crispin Halsall
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Effects of Occupational Hazards on Job Stress and Mental Health of Factory Workers and Miners: A Propensity Score Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1754897. [PMID: 32904478 PMCID: PMC7456464 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1754897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study is to evaluate the effects of different occupational hazards on job stress and mental health of factory workers and miners. A total of 6120 workers from factories and mining enterprises in seven districts and one district of Urumqi were determined using the stratified cluster random sampling method. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) were used to evaluate the effects of occupational hazard factors on job stress and mental health of workers. The propensity score analysis was used to control the confounding factors. The occupational hazards affecting job stress of workers were asbestos dust (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.09-1.55), benzene (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.41), and noise (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.22-1.59). The occupational hazards affecting the mental health of workers were coal dust (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.38), asbestos dust (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.32-1.92), benzene (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13-1.47), and noise (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.42). Different occupational hazards have certain influence on job stress and mental health of factory workers and miners. The enhancements in occupational hazard and risk assessment, occupational health examination, and occupational protection should be taken to relieve job stress and enhance the mental health of factory workers and miners.
Collapse
|
49
|
Li J, Pega F, Ujita Y, Brisson C, Clays E, Descatha A, Ferrario MM, Godderis L, Iavicoli S, Landsbergis PA, Metzendorf MI, Morgan RL, Pachito DV, Pikhart H, Richter B, Roncaioli M, Rugulies R, Schnall PL, Sembajwe G, Trudel X, Tsutsumi A, Woodruff TJ, Siegrist J. The effect of exposure to long working hours on ischaemic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105739. [PMID: 32505014 PMCID: PMC7339147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing Joint Estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of experts. Evidence from mechanistic data suggests that exposure to long working hours may cause ischaemic heart disease (IHD). In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from IHD that are attributable to exposure to long working hours, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of exposure to long working hours (three categories: 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on IHD (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence and mortality). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CISDOC, PsycINFO, and WHO ICTRP. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (aged < 15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies which contained an estimate of the effect of exposure to long working hours (41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on IHD (prevalence, incidence or mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Missing data were requested from principal study authors. We combined relative risks using random-effect meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence and strength of evidence, using Navigation Guide and GRADE tools and approaches adapted to this project. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies (26 prospective cohort studies and 11 case-control studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 768,751 participants (310,954 females) in 13 countries in three WHO regions (Americas, Europe and Western Pacific). The exposure was measured using self-reports in all studies, and the outcome was assessed with administrative health records (30 studies) or self-reported physician diagnosis (7 studies). The outcome was defined as incident non-fatal IHD event in 19 studies (8 cohort studies, 11 case-control studies), incident fatal IHD event in two studies (both cohort studies), and incident non-fatal or fatal ("mixed") event in 16 studies (all cohort studies). Because we judged cohort studies to have a relatively lower risk of bias, we prioritized evidence from these studies and treated evidence from case-control studies as supporting evidence. For the bodies of evidence for both outcomes with any eligible studies (i.e. IHD incidence and mortality), we did not have serious concerns for risk of bias (at least for the cohort studies). No eligible study was found on the effect of long working hours on IHD prevalence. Compared with working 35-40 h/week, we are uncertain about the effect on acquiring (or incidence of) IHD of working 41-48 h/week (relative risk (RR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91 to 1.07, 20 studies, 312,209 participants, I2 0%, low quality of evidence) and 49-54 h/week (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.17, 18 studies, 308,405 participants, I2 0%, low quality of evidence). Compared with working 35-40 h/week, working ≥55 h/week may have led to a moderately, clinically meaningful increase in the risk of acquiring IHD, when followed up between one year and 20 years (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.26, 22 studies, 339,680 participants, I2 5%, moderate quality of evidence). Compared with working 35-40 h/week, we are very uncertain about the effect on dying (mortality) from IHD of working 41-48 h/week (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.12, 13 studies, 288,278 participants, I2 8%, low quality of evidence) and 49-54 h/week (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.25, 11 studies, 284,474 participants, I2 13%, low quality of evidence). Compared with working 35-40 h/week, working ≥55 h/week may have led to a moderate, clinically meaningful increase in the risk of dying from IHD when followed up between eight and 30 years (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.31, 16 studies, 726,803 participants, I2 0%, moderate quality of evidence). Subgroup analyses found no evidence for differences by WHO region and sex, but RRs were higher among persons with lower SES. Sensitivity analyses found no differences by outcome definition (exclusively non-fatal or fatal versus "mixed"), outcome measurement (health records versus self-reports) and risk of bias ("high"/"probably high" ratings in any domain versus "low"/"probably low" in all domains). CONCLUSIONS We judged the existing bodies of evidence for human evidence as "inadequate evidence for harmfulness" for the exposure categories 41-48 and 49-54 h/week for IHD prevalence, incidence and mortality, and for the exposure category ≥55 h/week for IHD prevalence. Evidence on exposure to working ≥55 h/week was judged as "sufficient evidence of harmfulness" for IHD incidence and mortality. Producing estimates for the burden of IHD attributable to exposure to working ≥55 h/week appears evidence-based, and the pooled effect estimates presented in this systematic review could be used as input data for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Frank Pega
- Environment, Climate Change and Health Department, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - Yuka Ujita
- Labour Administration, Labour Inspection and Occupational Safety and Health Branch, International Labour Organization, Route des Morillons 4, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Chantal Brisson
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec City G1S 4L8, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Els Clays
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Campus University Hospital Ghent (4K3 - entrance 42), 4K3, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Alexis Descatha
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital), Occupational Health Unit, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France; Inserm Versailles St-Quentin Univ - Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, Villejuif, France; Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Marco M Ferrario
- Research Centre EPIMED, University of Insubria, Via O Rossi 9, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KIR Department (Knowledge, Information & Research), IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Paul A Landsbergis
- SUNY-Downstate Health Sciences University, School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11238, United States.
| | - Maria-Inti Metzendorf
- Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Daniela V Pachito
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês and Disciplina de Economia e Gestão em Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 412 Barata Ribeiro, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Bernd Richter
- Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group, Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Mattia Roncaioli
- Research Centre EPIMED, University of Insubria, Via O Rossi 9, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Peter L Schnall
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California-Irvine, 100 Theory Way, Irvine, CA, United States.
| | - Grace Sembajwe
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention (OMEP), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, 175 Community Drive, NY 11021, United States; Department of Environmental, Occupational, and Geospatial Health Sciences, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, 55 W 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, United States.
| | - Xavier Trudel
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 1050 Chemin Ste-Foy, Quebec City G1S 4L8, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Life Science Centre, University of Düsseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1a, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Descatha A, Sembajwe G, Pega F, Ujita Y, Baer M, Boccuni F, Di Tecco C, Duret C, Evanoff BA, Gagliardi D, Godderis L, Kang SK, Kim BJ, Li J, Magnusson Hanson LL, Marinaccio A, Ozguler A, Pachito D, Pell J, Pico F, Ronchetti M, Roquelaure Y, Rugulies R, Schouteden M, Siegrist J, Tsutsumi A, Iavicoli S. The effect of exposure to long working hours on stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105746. [PMID: 32505015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network of individual experts. Evidence from mechanistic data and prior studies suggests that exposure to long working hours may cause stroke. In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from stroke that are attributable to exposure to long working hours, for the development of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of exposure to long working hours (three categories: 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on stroke (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence, and mortality). DATA SOURCES A protocol was developed and published, applying the Navigation Guide to systematic reviews as an organizing framework where feasible. We searched electronic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CISDOC, PsycINFO, and WHO ICTRP. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines, and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) individuals in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State but excluded children (aged < 15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of exposure to long working hours (41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week), compared with exposure to standard working hours (35-40 h/week), on stroke (prevalence, incidence or mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first review stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. Missing data were requested from principal study authors. We combined relative risks using random-effects meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence and strength of evidence, using the Navigation Guide and GRADE tools and approaches adapted to this project. RESULTS Twenty-two studies (20 cohort studies, 2 case-control studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 839,680 participants (364,616 females) in eight countries from three WHO regions (Americas, Europe, and Western Pacific). The exposure was measured using self-reports in all studies, and the outcome was assessed with administrative health records (13 studies), self-reported physician diagnosis (7 studies), direct diagnosis by a physician (1 study) or during a medical interview (1 study). The outcome was defined as an incident non-fatal stroke event in nine studies (7 cohort studies, 2 case-control studies), incident fatal stroke event in one cohort study and incident non-fatal or fatal ("mixed") event in 12 studies (all cohort studies). Cohort studies were judged to have a relatively low risk of bias; therefore, we prioritized evidence from these studies, but synthesised evidence from case-control studies as supporting evidence. For the bodies of evidence for both outcomes with any eligible studies (i.e. stroke incidence and mortality), we did not have serious concerns for risk of bias (at least for the cohort studies). Eligible studies were found on the effects of long working hours on stroke incidence and mortality, but not prevalence. Compared with working 35-40 h/week, we were uncertain about the effect on incidence of stroke due to working 41-48 h/week (relative risk (RR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94-1.14, 18 studies, 277,202 participants, I2 0%, low quality of evidence). There may have been an increased risk for acquiring stroke when working 49-54 h/week compared with 35-40 h/week (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.00-1.28, 17 studies, 275,181participants, I2 0%, p 0.04, moderate quality of evidence). Compared with working 35-40 h/week, working ≥55 h/week may have led to a moderate, clinically meaningful increase in the risk of acquiring stroke, when followed up between one year and 20 years (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.61, 7 studies, 162,644 participants, I2 3%, moderate quality of evidence). Compared with working 35-40 h/week, we were very uncertain about the effect on dying (mortality) of stroke due to working 41-48 h/week (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91-1.12, 12 studies, 265,937 participants, I2 0%, low quality of evidence), 49-54 h/week (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.99-1.29, 11 studies, 256,129 participants, I2 0%, low quality of evidence) and 55 h/week (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.89-1.31, 10 studies, 664,647 participants, I2 20%, low quality of evidence). Subgroup analyses found no evidence for differences by WHO region, age, sex, socioeconomic status and type of stroke. Sensitivity analyses found no differences by outcome definition (exclusively non-fatal or fatal versus "mixed") except for the comparison working ≥55 h/week versus 35-40 h/week for stroke incidence (p for subgroup differences: 0.05), risk of bias ("high"/"probably high" ratings in any domain versus "low"/"probably low" in all domains), effect estimate measures (risk versus hazard versus odds ratios) and comparator (exact versus approximate definition). CONCLUSIONS We judged the existing bodies of evidence for human evidence as "inadequate evidence for harmfulness" for all exposure categories for stroke prevalence and mortality and for exposure to 41-48 h/week for stroke incidence. Evidence on exposure to 48-54 h/week and ≥55 h/week was judged as "limited evidence for harmfulness" and "sufficient evidence for harmfulness" for stroke incidence, respectively. Producing estimates for the burden of stroke attributable to exposures to working 48-54 and ≥55 h/week appears evidence-based, and the pooled effect estimates presented in this systematic review could be used as input data for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.016. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017060124.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Descatha
- UNIV Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; AP-HP (Paris Hospital), Occupational Health Unit, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France; Versailles St-Quentin Univ-Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, France; Inserm, U1168 UMS 011, Villejuif, France.
| | - Grace Sembajwe
- Department of Occupational Medicine Epidemiology and Prevention, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, USA.
| | - Frank Pega
- Environment, Climate Change and Health Department, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - Yuka Ujita
- Labour Administration, Labour Inspection and Occupational Safety and Health Branch, International Labour Organization, Route des Morillons 4, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Baer
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital), SAMU92, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France.
| | - Fabio Boccuni
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Cristina Di Tecco
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Clement Duret
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital), Occupational Health Unit, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France.
| | - Bradley A Evanoff
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8005, 660 South Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
| | - Diana Gagliardi
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Lode Godderis
- Environment and Health, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d - box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Seong-Kyu Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beon Joon Kim
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | | | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Anna Ozguler
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital), SAMU92, Poincaré University Hospital, Garches, France; Inserm UMS 011, Villejuif, France.
| | - Daniela Pachito
- Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, 142 Barata Ribeiro, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - John Pell
- Hunter College Libraries, Social Work and Public Health Library, 2180 3rd Avenue, 110D, New York, NY 10035, United States.
| | - Fernando Pico
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Versailles Hospital, Le Chesnay, France.
| | - Matteo Ronchetti
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- UNIV Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Martijn Schouteden
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Life Science Centre, University of Düsseldorf, Merowingerplatz 1a, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Inail, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|