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Xie WQ, Gong YX. Efficient Estimation of ascorbic acid in vitamin C tablets enabled by phase-transfer strategy. Anal Biochem 2024; 695:115635. [PMID: 39098372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduced a novel phase-transfer strategy tailored for the efficient batch detection of ascorbic acid in vitamin C tablets. This method entailed the reaction between ascorbic acid and an excess of potassium permanganate. Subsequent reaction of the residual potassium permanganate with sodium oxalate in an acidic medium led to the generation of carbon dioxide. The quantification of the produced carbon dioxide was achieved using headspace GC, enabling the indirect measurement of ascorbic acid. The obtained findings revealed that the headspace method exhibited satisfied precision with a relative standard deviation of less than 2.11 % and high sensitivity with a limit of quantitation of 0.27 μmol. These results firmly establish the reliability of this innovative approach for determining ascorbic acid. In addition, the highly automated feature of headspace method significantly enhances the efficiency of batch sample detection and reduces the errors caused by human operation. Thus, the adoption of the transformed phase strategy has demonstrated its effectiveness in assessing ascorbic acid, especially for large-scale sample analysis in industrial applications, owing to its efficiency, precision, and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qi Xie
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yi-Xan Gong
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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2
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Arora R. Glucosinolate Hydrolytic Products-A Multi-Arm Warrior. J AOAC Int 2024; 107:876-883. [PMID: 38964347 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsae054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosinolates (GSLs) are the most controversial yet ignored class of phytochemicals. These are the middleman phytochemicals that have low bioactivity. But once there is any injury in the plant-manmade, insect caused, or natural-magic happens. The compound is broken down into smaller phytochemicals referred to as glucosinolate hydrolytic products (GHPs; nitriles, isothiocyanates [ITCs], and thiocyanates). These hydrolytic products are like a showstopper of the fashion industry. These compounds have some of the highest bioactivity in nature. They have been associated with a varied range of bioactivities (anticancer, antioxidant, insecticidal, weedicide, etc.) by researchers across the globe. OBJECTIVE The objective of the current article is to provide a critical review to highlight some of the important bioactivities of these ignored compounds and for promoting researchers to at least give these compounds a chance-to glow in the dark. METHODS This review has been written from analysis of accessible literature, mostly from the last 5 years (2018-2023), with some critically essential exceptions. RESULTS The review highlighted a brief background of GSLs and its hydrolysis. Efforts were made to include most of the biological properties of the compound. Special emphasis has been given to the anticancer activities of the compound with details of the involved mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Considering the wide array of bioactivities of GHPs, it is essential to consider it as a prospective medicinal compound. More GHPs-in a similar manner as sulforaphane-can be proceeded to phase trials. HIGHLIGHTS The mechanistic pathway for production of GHPs and related biological activities have been discussed in detail. The bioactivities have been further explained using the involved mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Arora
- Department of Women and Baby, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, North York, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
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3
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Wang Y, Lilienfeldt N, Hekimi S. Understanding coenzyme Q. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1533-1610. [PMID: 38722242 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00040.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ), also known as ubiquinone, comprises a benzoquinone head group and a long isoprenoid side chain. It is thus extremely hydrophobic and resides in membranes. It is best known for its complex function as an electron transporter in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) but is also required for several other crucial cellular processes. In fact, CoQ appears to be central to the entire redox balance of the cell. Remarkably, its structure and therefore its properties have not changed from bacteria to vertebrates. In metazoans, it is synthesized in all cells and is found in most, and maybe all, biological membranes. CoQ is also known as a nutritional supplement, mostly because of its involvement with antioxidant defenses. However, whether there is any health benefit from oral consumption of CoQ is not well established. Here we review the function of CoQ as a redox-active molecule in the ETC and other enzymatic systems, its role as a prooxidant in reactive oxygen species generation, and its separate involvement in antioxidant mechanisms. We also review CoQ biosynthesis, which is particularly complex because of its extreme hydrophobicity, as well as the biological consequences of primary and secondary CoQ deficiency, including in human patients. Primary CoQ deficiency is a rare inborn condition due to mutation in CoQ biosynthetic genes. Secondary CoQ deficiency is much more common, as it accompanies a variety of pathological conditions, including mitochondrial disorders as well as aging. In this context, we discuss the importance, but also the great difficulty, of alleviating CoQ deficiency by CoQ supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noah Lilienfeldt
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Siegfried Hekimi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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4
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da Costa CAR, do Nascimento SV, da Silva Valadares RB, da Silva LGM, Machado GGL, da Costa IRC, Nahon SMR, Rodrigues LJ, Vilas Boas EVDB. Proteome and metabolome of Caryocar brasiliense camb. fruit and their interaction during development. Food Res Int 2024; 191:114687. [PMID: 39059945 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Considered the symbol fruit of the Brazilian Cerrado, pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) is an exotic and much-appreciated fruit with an internal mesocarp (edible part) with an eye-catching golden yellow color. In an unprecedented way, this study characterized the proteome throughout pequi development. The most influential and essential transcription factors operating in the regulation of pequi ripening identified were members of the MAD-box family. A group of proteins related to the methionine cycle indicates the high consumption and recycling of methionine. However this consumption does not occur mainly for the biosynthesis of ethylene, a process dependent on methionine consumption. In the bioactive compounds presented, different proteins could be correlated with the presence of these phytochemicals, such as monodehydroascorbate reductase and ascorbate peroxidase in ascorbic acid recycling; pyruvate kinase, fructose bisphosphate aldolase and phytoene synthase with carotenoid biosynthesis; S-adenosylmethionine synthase 1 as a donor of methyl groups in the formation of trigonelline and aspartate aminotransferase as a biomarker of initial regulation of the trigonelline biosynthetic pathway; phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chorismate synthesis and chalcone-flavononone isomerase in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds. Among the volatile organic compounds identified, the majority compound in pequi was ethyl hexanoate ester, with an area of 50.68 % in the ripe fruit, and in this group of esters that was the most representative, alcohol dehydrogenase, a fundamental enzyme in the synthesis of esters, was identified with an increase of approximately 7.2 times between the first and last stages. Therefore, an extensive group of proteins and some metabolites can serve as biomarkers of ripening in pequi, as most were more expressed in the last stage, which is the ripe fruit suitable for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luiz José Rodrigues
- Department of Food and Nutrition - DAN, Faculty of Nutrition - FANUT, Federal University of Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiabá, MT CEP 78060-900, Brazil
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5
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Qian Y, Tong J, Liu N, Wang B, Ji Y, Wu Z. Effect of light on ascorbic acid biosynthesis and bioinformatics analysis of related genes in Chinese chives. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307527. [PMID: 39172816 PMCID: PMC11340962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an essential nutritional component and powerful antioxidant in vegetables, and in plants, AsA levels are regulated by light. AsA levels in the leaves of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spr), a popular vegetable, are poorly understood. Thus, this study was performed to assess the influence of light on AsA biosynthesis in chive and select related genes (AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1); in addition, bioinformatic analyses and gene expression level assays were performed. The biological information obtained for AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 was analysed with several tools, including NCBI, DNAMAN, and MEGA11. After different light treatments were performed, the Chive AsA content and AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 expression levels were determined. These results suggest that 1) compared with natural light, continuous darkness inhibited AsA synthesis in chives. 2) The amino acid sequences of AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 are very similar to those of other plants. 3) The trends observed for the expression levels of AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 were consistent with the AsA content observed in chives. Hence, we speculated that light controls AsA biosynthesis in chives by regulating AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 expression. This study provided impactful and informative evidence regarding the functions of GGP and GME in chives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Qian
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Baoju Wang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhai Ji
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanhui Wu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Gad AAM, Gora-Sochacka A, Sirko A. Recombinant C-Terminal Catalytic Domain of Rat L-Gulono Lactone Oxidase Produced in Bacterial Cells Is Enzymatically Active. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:8958-8968. [PMID: 39194746 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The L-gulonolactone oxidase enzyme (GULO) catalyzes the last step of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) biosynthesis. This enzymatic activity is lost in primates. The full-length rat GULO has been previously produced in plants and demonstrated to be active. In this study, we compared the activity of two variants of GULO produced in Escheriachia coli cells, full-length rat GULO (fGULO) and its C-terminal catalytic domain (cGULO). The expression and purification of the recombinant proteins were optimized, and their biological activity was confirmed by two methods, the GULO activity assay in the protein extracts and the 'in-gel' staining for GULO activity. Both variants of recombinant GULO were biologically active in both assays. However, cGULO is more promising than fGULO for ascorbic acid production because it is more efficiently produced by bacteria. Furthermore, the optimal activities of the fGULO and cGULO recombinant proteins were observed at pH 7 and 6.5, and at temperatures of 40 and 30 °C, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that at low substrate concentrations, Km values for fGULO and cGULO were 53.5 ± 5 and 42 ± 6.3 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz M Gad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Molecular Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Anna Gora-Sochacka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sirko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawińskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Jian J, Wang Z, Chen C, Workman CT, Fang X, Larsen TO, Guo J, Sonnenschein EC. Two high-quality Prototheca zopfii genomes provide new insights into their evolution as obligate algal heterotrophs and their pathogenicity. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0414823. [PMID: 38940543 PMCID: PMC11302234 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04148-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of the nearly 10,000 described species of green algae are photoautotrophs; however, some species have lost their ability to photosynthesize and become obligate heterotrophs that rely on parasitism for survival. Two high-quality genomes of the heterotrophic algae Prototheca zopfii Pz20 and Pz23 were obtained using short- and long-read genomic as well as transcriptomic data. The genome sizes were 31.2 Mb and 31.3 Mb, respectively, and contig N50 values of 1.99 Mb and 1.26 Mb. Although P. zopfii maintained its plastid genome, the transition to heterotrophy led to a reduction in both plastid and nuclear genome size, including the loss of photosynthesis-related genes from both the nuclear and plastid genomes and the elimination of genes encoding for carotenoid oxygenase and pheophorbide an oxygenase. The loss of genes, including basic leucine-zipper (bZIP) transcription factors, flavin adenine dinucleotide-linked oxidase, and helicase, could have played a role in the transmission of autotrophy to heterotrophs and in the processes of abiotic stress resistance and pathogenicity. A total of 66 (1.37%) and 73 (1.49%) genes were identified as potential horizontal gene transfer events in the two P. zopfii genomes, respectively. Genes for malate synthase and isocitrate lyase, which are horizontally transferred from bacteria, may play a pivotal role in carbon and nitrogen metabolism as well as the pathogenicity of Prototheca and non-photosynthetic organisms. The two high-quality P. zopfii genomes provide new insights into their evolution as obligate heterotrophs and pathogenicity. IMPORTANCE The genus Prototheca, characterized by its heterotrophic nature and pathogenicity, serves as an exemplary model for investigating pathobiology. The limited understanding of the protothecosis infectious disease is attributed to the lack of genomic resources. Using HiFi long-read sequencing, both nuclear and plastid genomes were generated for two strains of P. zopfii. The findings revealed a concurrent reduction in both plastid and nuclear genome size, accompanied by the loss of genes associated with photosynthesis, carotenoid oxygenase, basic leucine-zipper (bZIP) transcription factors, and others. The analysis of horizontal gene transfer revealed the presence of 1.37% and 1.49% bacterial genes, including malate synthase and isocitrate lyase, which play crucial roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, as well as pathogenicity and obligate heterotrophy. The two high-quality P. zopfii genomes represent valuable resources for investigating their adaptation and evolution as obligate heterotrophs, as well as for developing future prevention and treatment strategies against protothecosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jian
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | | | | | - Christopher T. Workman
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Eva C. Sonnenschein
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Hasan MS, Lin CJ, Marhavy P, Kyndt T, Siddique S. Redox signalling in plant-nematode interactions: Insights into molecular crosstalk and defense mechanisms. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2811-2820. [PMID: 38679939 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes, specifically cyst nematodes (CNs) and root-knot nematodes (RKNs), pose significant threats to global agriculture, leading to substantial crop losses. Both CNs and RKNs induce permanent feeding sites in the root of their host plants, which then serve as their only source of nutrients throughout their lifecycle. Plants deploy reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a primary defense mechanism against nematode invasion. Notably, both CNs and RKNs have evolved sophisticated strategies to manipulate the host's redox environment to their advantage, with each employing distinct tactics to combat ROS. In this review, we have focused on the role of ROS and its scavenging network in interactions between host plants and CNs and RKNs. Overall, this review emphasizes the complex interplay between plant defense mechanism, redox signalling and nematode survival tactics, suggesting potential avenues for developing innovative nematode management strategies in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shamim Hasan
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ching-Jung Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Peter Marhavy
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department Biotechnology, Research Group Epigenetics & Defence, Gent, Belgium
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Du B, Haensch R, Alfarraj S, Rennenberg H. Strategies of plants to overcome abiotic and biotic stresses. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1524-1536. [PMID: 38561998 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In their environment, plants are exposed to a multitude of abiotic and biotic stresses that differ in intensity, duration and severity. As sessile organisms, they cannot escape these stresses, but instead have developed strategies to overcome them or to compensate for the consequences of stress exposure. Defence can take place at different levels and the mechanisms involved are thought to differ in efficiency across these levels. To minimise metabolic constraints and to reduce the costs of stress defence, plants prioritise first-line defence strategies in the apoplastic space, involving ascorbate, defensins and small peptides, as well as secondary metabolites, before cellular processes are affected. In addition, a large number of different symplastic mechanisms also provide efficient stress defence, including chemical antioxidants, antioxidative enzymes, secondary metabolites, defensins and other peptides as well as proteins. At both the symplastic and the apoplastic level of stress defence and compensation, a number of specialised transporters are thought to be involved in exchange across membranes that still have not been identified, and information on the regeneration of different defence compounds remains ambiguous. In addition, strategies to overcome and compensate for stress exposure operate not only at the cellular, but also at the organ and whole-plant levels, including stomatal regulation, and hypersensitive and systemic responses to prevent or reduce the spread of stress impacts within the plant. Defence can also take place at the ecosystem level by root exudation of signalling molecules and the emission of volatile organic compounds, either directly or indirectly into the rhizosphere and/or the aboveground atmosphere. The mechanisms by which plants control the production of these compounds and that mediate perception of stressful conditions are still not fully understood. Here we summarise plant defence strategies from the cellular to ecosystem level, discuss their advantages and disadvantages for plant growth and development, elucidate the current state of research on the transport and regeneration capacity of defence metabolites, and outline insufficiently explored questions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang, 621000, PR China
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
| | - Robert Haensch
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 1, Braunschweig, D-38106, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
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Pyrzynska K. Plant Extracts for Production of Functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3748. [PMID: 39124412 PMCID: PMC11313377 DOI: 10.3390/ma17153748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted expanding consideration, particularly in the nanotechnology field. This element participates in important biological processes, such as antioxidant defense, immune function, and thyroid hormone regulation, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Selenium in the form of nanoscale particles has drawn attention for its biocompatibility, bioavailability, and low toxicity; thus, it has found several biomedical applications in diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. Green methods for SeNP synthesis using plant extracts are considered to be single-step, inexpensive, and eco-friendly processes. Besides acting as natural reductants, compounds from plant extracts can also serve as natural capping agents, stabilizing the size of nanoparticles and contributing to the enhanced biological properties of SeNPs. This brief overview presents the recent developments in this area, focusing on the synthesis conditions and the characteristics of the obtained SeNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Pyrzynska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteur Str. 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Fayezizadeh MR, Ansari NA, Sourestani MM, Hasanuzzaman M. Variations in photoperiods and their impact on yield, photosynthesis and secondary metabolite production in basil microgreens. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:712. [PMID: 39060976 PMCID: PMC11282849 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of different photoperiods on plant phytochemical synthesis can be improved by adjusting the daily light integral. Photoperiod is one of the most important environmental factors that control growth, plant's internal rhythm and the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Information about the appropriate standard in terms of photoperiod for growing basil microgreens as one of the most important medicinal plants is limited. In this study, the effects of five different photoperiods, 6 (6 h × 3 cycles), 8 (8 h × 2 cycles), 16, 18, and 24 h day- 1 on the yield, photosynthesis and synthesis of secondary metabolites of three cultivars and one genotype of basil microgreens in floating system were evaluated. The purpose of this research was to determine the feasibility of using permanent light in growing basil microgreens and to create the best balance between beneficial secondary metabolites and performance. RESULTS The results showed that the effects of photoperiod and cultivar on all investigated traits and their interaction on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, proline content and net photosynthesis rate were significantly different at the 1% level. The highest levels of vitamin C, flavonoids, anthocyanins, yield and antioxidant potential composite index (APCI) were obtained under the 24-h photoperiod. The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained for the Kapoor cultivar, and the highest total phenolic compound and proline contents were measured for the Ablagh genotype under a 24-h photoperiod. The highest yield (4.36 kg m- 2) and APCI (70.44) were obtained for the Ablagh genotype. The highest nitrate content was obtained with a photoperiod of 18 h for the Kapoor cultivar. The highest net photosynthesis rate was related to the Violeto cultivar under a 24-hour photoperiod (7.89 μmol CO2 m- 2 s- 1). Antioxidant capacity and flavonoids had a positive correlation with phenolic compounds and vitamin C. Yield had a positive correlation with antioxidant capacity, flavonoids, vitamin C, APCI, and proline. CONCLUSIONS Under continuous light conditions, basil microgreens resistance to light stress by increasing the synthesis of secondary metabolites and the increase of these biochemical compounds made basil microgreens increase their performance along with the increase of these health-promoting compounds. The best balance between antioxidant compounds and performance was achieved in continuous red + blue light. Based on these results, the use of continuous artificial LED lighting, due to the increase in plant biochemical with antioxidant properties and yield, can be a suitable strategy for growing basil microgreens in floating systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Fayezizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 61357-43311, Iran.
| | - Naser Alemzadeh Ansari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 61357-43311, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahmoodi Sourestani
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 61357-43311, Iran
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Fuchs H, Staszak AM, Vargas PA, Sahrawy M, Serrato AJ, Dyderski MK, Klupczyńska EA, Głodowicz P, Rolle K, Ratajczak E. Redox dynamics in seeds of Acer spp: unraveling adaptation strategies of different seed categories. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1430695. [PMID: 39114470 PMCID: PMC11303208 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Seeds of woody plant species, such as those in the Acer genus like Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), exhibit unique physiological traits and responses to environmental stress. Thioredoxins (Trxs) play a central role in the redox regulation of cells, interacting with other redox-active proteins such as peroxiredoxins (Prxs), and contributing to plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is limited understanding of potential variations in this system between seeds categorized as recalcitrant and orthodox, which could provide insights into adaptive strategies. Methods Using proteomic analysis and DDA methods we investigated the Trx-h1 target proteins in seed axes. We complemented the results of the proteomic analysis with gene expression analysis of the Trx-h1, 1-Cys-Prx, and TrxR NTRA genes in the embryonic axes of maturing, mature, and stored seeds from two Acer species. Results and discussion The expression of Trx-h1 and TrxR NTRA throughout seed maturation in both species was low. The expression of 1-Cys-Prx remained relatively stable throughout seed maturation. In stored seeds, the expression levels were minimal, with slightly higher levels in sycamore seeds, which may confirm that recalcitrant seeds remain metabolically active during storage. A library of 289 proteins interacting with Trx-h1 was constructed, comprising 68 from Norway maple and 221 from sycamore, with distinct profiles in each seed category. Recalcitrant seed axes displayed a wide array of metabolic, stress response, and signaling proteins, suggesting sustained metabolic activity during storage and the need to address oxidative stress. Conversely, the orthodox seed axes presented a protein profile, reflecting efficient metabolic shutdown, which contributes to their extended viability. The results of the study provide new insights into seed viability and storage longevity mechanisms. They enhance the understanding of seed biology and lay the foundation for further evolutionary research on seeds of different categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fuchs
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M. Staszak
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paola A. Vargas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Serrato
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Paweł Głodowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rolle
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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13
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Vancoillie F, Verkempinck SHE, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM, Grauwet T. Farm to Fork Stability of Phytochemicals and Micronutrients in Brassica oleracea and Allium Vegetables. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39012491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Brassica oleracea and Allium vegetables are known for their unique, family specific, water-soluble phytochemicals, glucosinolates, and S-alk(en)yl-l-cysteine sulfoxides, respectively. However, they are also important delivery systems of several other health-related compounds, such as carotenoids (lipid-soluble phytochemicals), vitamin C (water-soluble micronutrient), and vitamin K1 (lipid-soluble micronutrient). When all-year-round availability or transport over long distances is targeted for these often seasonal, locally grown vegetables, processing becomes indispensable. However, the vegetable processing chain, which consists of multiple steps (e.g., pretreatment, preservation, storage, preparation), can impact the nutritional quality of these vegetables corresponding to the nature of the health-related compounds and their susceptibility to (bio)chemical conversions. Since information about the impact of the vegetable processing chain is scattered per compound or processing step, this review targets an integration of the state of the art and discusses needs for future research. Starting with a discussion on substrate-enzyme location within the vegetable matrix, an overview is provided of the impact and potential of processing, encompassing a wide range of (nonenzymatic) conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Vancoillie
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22 Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah H E Verkempinck
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22 Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc E Hendrickx
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22 Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann M Van Loey
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22 Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tara Grauwet
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22 Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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14
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Vijayan J, Wase N, Liu K, Morse W, Zhang C, Riekhof WR. ROS-mediated thylakoid membrane remodeling and triacylglycerol biosynthesis under nitrogen starvation in the alga Chlorella sorokiniana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1418049. [PMID: 39040507 PMCID: PMC11261311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1418049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Many microbes accumulate energy storage molecules such as triglycerides (TAG) and starch during nutrient limitation. In eukaryotic green algae grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions, triglyceride accumulation is coupled with chlorosis and growth arrest. In this study, we show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) actively accumulate during nitrogen limitation in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. Accumulation of ROS is mediated by the downregulation of genes encoding ROS-quenching enzymes, such as superoxide dismutases, catalase, peroxiredoxin, and glutathione peroxidase-like, and by the upregulation of enzymes involved in generating ROS, such as NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and amine oxidases. The expression of genes involved in ascorbate and glutathione metabolism is also affected under this condition. ROS accumulation contributes to the degradation of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) and thylakoid membrane remodeling, leading to chlorosis. Quenching ROS under nitrogen limitation reduces the degradation of MGDG and the accumulation of TAG. This work shows that ROS accumulation, membrane remodeling, and TAG accumulation under nitrogen limitation are intricately linked in the microalga C. sorokiniana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jithesh Vijayan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Nishikant Wase
- PPD, part of ThermoFisher Scientific, Henrico, VA, United States
| | - Kan Liu
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Wyatt Morse
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Wayne R. Riekhof
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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15
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Vancoillie F, Verkempinck SHE, Sluys L, De Mazière S, Van Poucke C, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM, Grauwet T. Stability and bioaccessibility of micronutrients and phytochemicals present in processed leek and Brussels sprouts during static in vitro digestion. Food Chem 2024; 445:138644. [PMID: 38354638 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Vegetables are frequently processed before consumption. However, vegetable functionalization continues beyond ingestion as the human digestive tract exposes vegetable products to various conditions (e.g. elevated temperature, pH alterations, enzymes, electrolytes, mechanical disintegration) which can affect the stability of micronutrients and phytochemicals. Besides the extent to which these compounds withstand the challenges posed by digestive conditions, it is equally important to consider their accessibility for potential absorption by the body. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of static in vitro digestion on the stability (i.e. concentration) and bioaccessibility of vitamin C, vitamin K1, glucosinolates, S-alk(en)yl-l-cysteine sulfoxides (ACSOs) and carotenoids in Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) and leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum). Water-soluble compounds, glucosinolates and ACSOs, remained stable during digestion while vitamin C decreased by >48%. However, all water-soluble compounds were completely bioaccessible. Lipid-soluble compounds were also stable during digestion but were only bioaccessible for 26-81%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Vancoillie
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sarah H E Verkempinck
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lili Sluys
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Mazière
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christof Van Poucke
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Marc E Hendrickx
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann M Van Loey
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tara Grauwet
- KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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16
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Chen X, Han H, Cong Y, Li X, Zhang W, Cui J, Xu W, Pang S, Liu H. Ascorbic Acid Improves Tomato Salt Tolerance by Regulating Ion Homeostasis and Proline Synthesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1672. [PMID: 38931104 PMCID: PMC11207900 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, processing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) 'Ligeer 87-5' was hydroponically cultivated under 100 mM NaCl to simulate salt stress. To investigate the impacts on ion homeostasis, osmotic regulation, and redox status in tomato seedlings, different endogenous levels of ascorbic acid (AsA) were established through the foliar application of 0.5 mM AsA (NA treatment), 0.25 mM lycorine (LYC, an inhibitor of AsA synthesis; NL treatment), and a combination of LYC and AsA (NLA treatment). The results demonstrated that exogenous AsA significantly increased the activities and gene expressions of key enzymes (L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH) and L-galactose dehydrogenase (GalDH)) involved in AsA synthesis in tomato seedling leaves under NaCl stress and NL treatment, thereby increasing cellular AsA content to maintain its redox status in a reduced state. Additionally, exogenous AsA regulated multiple ion transporters via the SOS pathway and increased the selective absorption of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in the aerial parts, reconstructing ion homeostasis in cells, thereby alleviating ion imbalance caused by salt stress. Exogenous AsA also increased proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) activity and gene expression, while inhibiting the activity and transcription levels of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (OAT), thereby reducing excessive proline content in the leaves and alleviating osmotic stress. LYC exacerbated ion imbalance and osmotic stress caused by salt stress, which could be significantly reversed by AsA application. Therefore, exogenous AsA application increased endogenous AsA levels, reestablished ion homeostasis, maintained osmotic balance, effectively alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt stress on tomato seedling growth, and enhanced their salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding and Variety Creation of Horticultural Plants for Mountain Features in Guizhou Province, School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
| | - Hongwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Yundan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Xuezhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Jinxia Cui
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Shengqun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Huiying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Contruction Crops, Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (X.C.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (W.Z.); (J.C.); (W.X.)
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17
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Franco FF, Amaral DT, Bonatelli IAS, Meek JB, Moraes EM, Zappi DC, Taylor NP, Eaton DAR. A historical stepping-stone path for an island-colonizing cactus across a submerged "bridge" archipelago. Heredity (Edinb) 2024; 132:296-308. [PMID: 38637723 PMCID: PMC11166651 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00683-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we use population genomic data (ddRAD-Seq) and ecological niche modeling to test biogeographic hypotheses for the divergence of the island-endemic cactus species Cereus insularis Hemsl. (Cereeae; Cactaceae) from its sister species C. fernambucensis Lem. The Cereus insularis grows in the Fernando de Noronha Islands (FNI), a Neotropical archipelago located 350 km off the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) coast. Phylogeographic reconstructions support a northward expansion by the common ancestor of C. insularis and C. fernambucensis along the mainland BAF coast, with C. insularis diverging from the widespread mainland taxon C. fernambucensis after colonizing FNI in the late Pleistocene. The morphologically distinct C. insularis is monophyletic and nested within C. fernambucensis, as expected from a progenitor-derivative speciation model. We tested alternative biogeographic and demographic hypotheses for the colonization of the FNI using Approximate Bayesian Computation. We found the greatest support for a stepping-stone path that emerged during periods of decreased sea level (the "bridge" hypothesis), in congruence with historical ecological niche modeling that shows highly suitable habitats on stepping-stone islands during glacial periods. The outlier analyses reveal signatures of selection in C. insularis, suggesting a putative role of adaptation driving rapid anagenic differentiation of this species in FNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Faria Franco
- Departamento de Biologia. Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil.
| | - Danilo Trabuco Amaral
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Comparada. Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Isabel A S Bonatelli
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas. Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Jared B Meek
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Evandro Marsola Moraes
- Departamento de Biologia. Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cristina Zappi
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, PO Box 04457, Brasília, DF, 70910970, Brazil
| | - Nigel Paul Taylor
- Departamento de Biologia. Centro de Ciências Humanas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Deren A R Eaton
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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18
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Sil BK, Jamiruddin MR, Haq MA, Aekwattanaphol N, K PA, Salendra L, Paliwal H, Paul PK, Buatong W, Srichana T. Nanolevel of detection of ascorbic acid using horse-radish peroxidase inhibition assay. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30715. [PMID: 38774337 PMCID: PMC11107213 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid plays a significant role in regulation of various bodily functions with high concentrations in immune cells and being involved in connective tissue maintenance. Commonly it is detected through various colorimetric methods. In this study, we propose a one-step simple method based on the inhibitory activity of ascorbic acid on horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide. The detection is observed by colorimetric changes to TMB (3,3',5,5' tetramethylbenzidine). The enzyme inhibition unit was optimized with a high level of linearity (r2 = 0.9999) and the level of detection and level of quantification were found to be 1.35 nM and 4.08 nM, respectively with higher sensitive compared to the HPLC method (11 μM). Both intra and inter-assays showed high correlations at different AA concentrations. (r2 > 0.9999). Similar results were also observed for vitamin C tablets, ascorbate salts, fruits, and market products (r2 = 0.999). There was negligible effect of interference by citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acids, and glucose with high recoveries (>98%) at 1 mg/mL to 0.0078 mg/mL concentration ranges. The recovery error (RE%) was found to be less than 10%. Our detection method is distinguished by its simplicity, nano-level of detection, reproducibility, and potential application and adaptability as a point-of-use test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijon Kumar Sil
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Mohd Raeed Jamiruddin
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, KHA 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Progati Sarani, Merul Badda, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ahsanul Haq
- Immunobiology, Nutrition and Toxicology Lab, Nutrition Research Division, icddr,b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Nattanit Aekwattanaphol
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Prem Ananth K
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Limbadri Salendra
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Himanshu Paliwal
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Pijush Kumar Paul
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Wilaiporn Buatong
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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19
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Alotaibi AZ, AlMalki RH, Al Mogren M, Sebaa R, Alanazi M, Jacob M, Alodaib A, Alfares A, Abdel Rahman AM. Exploratory Untargeted Metabolomics of Dried Blood Spot Samples from Newborns with Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5720. [PMID: 38891907 PMCID: PMC11171634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, tandem mass spectrometry-based newborn screening (NBS), which examines targeted biomarkers, is the first approach used for the early detection of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) in newborns, followed by confirmatory genetic mutation tests. However, these diagnostic approaches have limitations, demanding the development of additional tools for the diagnosis/screening of MUSD. Recently, untargeted metabolomics has been used to explore metabolic profiling and discover the potential biomarkers/pathways of inherited metabolic diseases. Thus, we aimed to discover a distinctive metabolic profile and biomarkers/pathways for MSUD newborns using untargeted metabolomics. Herein, untargeted metabolomics was used to analyze dried blood spot (DBS) samples from 22 MSUD and 22 healthy control newborns. Our data identified 210 altered endogenous metabolites in MSUD newborns and new potential MSUD biomarkers, particularly L-alloisoleucine, methionine, and lysoPI. In addition, the most impacted pathways in MSUD newborns were the ascorbate and aldarate pathways and pentose and glucuronate interconversions, suggesting that oxidative and detoxification events may occur in early life. Our approach leads to the identification of new potential biomarkers/pathways that could be used for the early diagnosis/screening of MSUD newborns but require further validation studies. Our untargeted metabolomics findings have undoubtedly added new insights to our understanding of the pathogenicity of MSUD, which helps us select the appropriate early treatments for better health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Z. Alotaibi
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11652, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Reem H. AlMalki
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Maha Al Mogren
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Rajaa Sebaa
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11652, Saudi Arabia; (A.Z.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Minnie Jacob
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahamd Alodaib
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Alfares
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Anas M. Abdel Rahman
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (R.H.A.); (M.A.M.); (M.J.); (A.A.); (A.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Boverio A, Jamil N, Mannucci B, Mascotti ML, Fraaije MW, Mattevi A. Structure, mechanism, and evolution of the last step in vitamin C biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4158. [PMID: 38755143 PMCID: PMC11099136 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms, fungi, and animals comprise distinct pathways for vitamin C biosynthesis. Besides this diversity, the final biosynthetic step consistently involves an oxidation reaction carried out by the aldonolactone oxidoreductases. Here, we study the origin and evolution of the diversified activities and substrate preferences featured by these flavoenzymes using molecular phylogeny, kinetics, mutagenesis, and crystallographic experiments. We find clear evidence that they share a common ancestor. A flavin-interacting amino acid modulates the reactivity with the electron acceptors, including oxygen, and determines whether an enzyme functions as an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. We show that a few side chains in the catalytic cavity impart the reaction stereoselectivity. Ancestral sequence reconstruction outlines how these critical positions were affixed to specific amino acids along the evolution of the major eukaryotic clades. During Eukarya evolution, the aldonolactone oxidoreductases adapted to the varying metabolic demands while retaining their overarching vitamin C-generating function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Boverio
- Molecular Enzymology group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Neelam Jamil
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Barbara Mannucci
- Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, Via Bassi 21, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Mascotti
- Molecular Enzymology group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- IMIBIO-SL CONICET, Facultad de Química Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM)-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Marco W Fraaije
- Molecular Enzymology group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Wang L, Liu L, Huang A, Zhang H, Zheng Y. The metabolism of amino acids, AsA and abscisic acid induced by strigolactone participates in chilling tolerance in postharvest zucchini fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1402521. [PMID: 38807778 PMCID: PMC11130489 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1402521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Zucchini fruit are notably susceptible to chilling injury when stored at low temperatures. The purpose of this experimental investigation was to assess the influence of strigolactone (ST) (5 μmol L-1) on mitigating chilling injury and the metabolic changes in amino acids, ascorbic acid, and abscisic acid in zucchini fruit stored at 4°C. Research findings demonstrated that ST-treated zucchini fruit displayed a significantly higher tolerance to chilling stress compared to the control group. Postharvest ST treatment led to a decrease in weight loss, accompanied by reduced levels of malondialdehyde and relative ion leakage compared to the untreated group. ST immersion significantly boosted the metabolic pathways associated with proline and arginine, affecting both the enzymatic reactions and gene expressions, thus cumulatively increasing the internal concentrations of these amino acids in zucchini fruit. Zucchini treated with ST exhibited an increased concentration of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a result of augmented activities and elevated transcriptional levels of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA transaminase (GAT), and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSD). In the ST-treated sample, the elevated enzymatic activities and enhanced gene expressions within the ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis pathway worked together to sustain AsA accumulation. The application of ST resulted in a rise in abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, which correspondingly correlated with the induction of both activities and gene expression levels of crucial enzymes involved in ABA metabolism. Our findings revealed that submerging zucchini fruit in ST could be a highly effective strategy for boosting their chilling tolerance. The alleviation in chilling injury induced by ST may be attributed to the modulation of proline, arginine, GABA, AsA and ABA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- College of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Huang DX, Kang X, Jiang LJ, Zhu DL, Yang L, Luo JY, Yang MM, Li W, Wang GP, Wen Y, Huang Z, Tang LJ. Exploring the impact of high-altitude de-acclimatization on renal function: The roles of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rat models. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149770. [PMID: 38518722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-altitude de-acclimatization (HADA) significantly impacts physiological functions when individuals acclimatize to high altitudes return to lower altitudes. This study investigates HADA's effects on renal function and structure in rats, focusing on oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress as potential mechanisms of renal injury. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of renal damage in HADA and evaluate the efficacy of antioxidants Vitamin C (Vit C) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in mitigating these effects. METHODS 88 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, a high-altitude (HA) group, a high-altitude de-acclimatization (HADA) group, and a treatment group. The control group was housed in a sea level environment (500 m), while the HA, HADA, and treatment groups were placed in a simulated high-altitude chamber (5000 m) for 90 days. After this period, the HA group completed the modeling phase; the HADA group was further subdivided into four subgroups, each continuing to be housed in a sea level environment for 3, 7, 14, and 30 days, respectively. The treatment group was split into the Vit C group, the TUDCA group, and two placebo groups, receiving medication for 3 consecutive days, once daily upon return to the sea level. The Vit C group received 100 mg/kg Vit C solution via intravenous injection, the TUDCA group received 250 mg/kg TUDCA solution via intraperitoneal injection, and the placebo groups received an equivalent volume of saline similarly. Serum, urine, and kidney tissues were collected immediately after the modeling phase. Renal function and oxidative stress levels were assessed using biochemical and ELISA methods. Renal histopathology was observed with H&E, Masson's trichrome, PAS, and PASM staining. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of glomeruli and filtration barrier. TUNEL staining assessed cortical apoptosis in the kidneys. Metabolomics was employed for differential metabolite screening and pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control and HA groups, the HADA 3-day group (HADA-3D) exhibited elevated renal function indicators, significant pathological damage, observable ultrastructural alterations including endoplasmic reticulum expansion and apoptosis. TUNEL-positive cells significantly increased, indicating heightened oxidative stress levels. Various differential metabolites were enriched in pathways related to oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Early intervention with Vit C and TUDCA markedly alleviated renal injury in HADA rats, significantly reducing the number of apoptotic cells, mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress, and substantially lowering oxidative stress levels. CONCLUSION This study elucidates the pivotal roles of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the early-stage renal injury in rats undergoing HADA. Early intervention with the Vit C and TUDCA significantly mitigates renal damage caused by HADA. These findings provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of HADA and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for its future management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xin Huang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Kang
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Juan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan-Ling Zhu
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Ya Luo
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-Meng Yang
- Medical Epigenetics Center, Basic Medicine Collage, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei Li
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo-Ping Wang
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhu Huang
- Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li-Jun Tang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China; Department of General Surgery, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
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Nanes Sarfati D, Xue Y, Song ES, Byrne A, Le D, Darmanis S, Quake SR, Burlacot A, Sikes J, Wang B. Coordinated wound responses in a regenerative animal-algal holobiont. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4032. [PMID: 38740753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal regeneration involves coordinated responses across cell types throughout the animal body. In endosymbiotic animals, whether and how symbionts react to host injury and how cellular responses are integrated across species remain unexplored. Here, we study the acoel Convolutriloba longifissura, which hosts symbiotic Tetraselmis sp. green algae and can regenerate entire bodies from tissue fragments. We show that animal injury causes a decline in the photosynthetic efficiency of the symbiotic algae, alongside two distinct, sequential waves of transcriptional responses in acoel and algal cells. The initial algal response is characterized by the upregulation of a cohort of photosynthesis-related genes, though photosynthesis is not necessary for regeneration. A conserved animal transcription factor, runt, is induced after injury and required for acoel regeneration. Knockdown of Cl-runt dampens transcriptional responses in both species and further reduces algal photosynthetic efficiency post-injury. Our results suggest that the holobiont functions as an integrated unit of biological organization by coordinating molecular networks across species through the runt-dependent animal regeneration program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eun Sun Song
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Daniel Le
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adrien Burlacot
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Sikes
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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24
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dos Santos FKF, Júnior AAMP, Filho ALN, Fonseca CJN, Isidorio DKM, Araújo FDA, Oliveira PHA, da Veiga Júnior VF. Graphene and Natural Products: A Review of Antioxidant Properties in Graphene Oxide Reduction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5182. [PMID: 38791220 PMCID: PMC11120955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article addresses the antioxidant properties of different natural products, including ascorbic acid, gallic acid, oxalic acid, L-glutathione (GSH), bacteriorhodopsin, green tea polyphenols, glucose, hydroxycinnamic acid, ethanoic acid, betanin, and L-glutathione, in the reduction of graphene oxide (rGO). rGO can cause damage to cells, including oxidative stress and inflammation, limiting its application in different sectors that use graphene, such as technologies used in medicine and dentistry. The natural substances reviewed have properties that help reduce this damage, neutralizing free radicals and maintaining cellular integrity. This survey demonstrates that the combination of these antioxidant compounds can be an effective strategy to minimize the harmful effects of rGO and promote cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arquimedes Lopes Nunes Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22.290-270, Brazil; (A.L.N.F.); (C.J.N.F.)
| | - Clícia Joanna Neves Fonseca
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22.290-270, Brazil; (A.L.N.F.); (C.J.N.F.)
| | - Daysianne Kessy Mendes Isidorio
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-901, Brazil;
| | - Filipe de Almeida Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13.565-905, Brazil;
| | - Pablo Henrique Ataide Oliveira
- Higher Education Department of Education, Federal Institute of the North of Minas Gerais, Bom Jardim 39.480-000, Brazil;
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25
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Vargas JA, Sculaccio SA, Pinto APA, Pereira HD, Mendes LFS, Flores JF, Cobos M, Castro JC, Garratt RC, Leonardo DA. Structural insights into the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway for vitamin C production in the Amazon fruit camu-camu. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2754-2771. [PMID: 38224521 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
l-Ascorbic acid (AsA, vitamin C) is a pivotal dietary nutrient with multifaceted importance in living organisms. In plants, the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway is the primary route for AsA biosynthesis, and understanding the mechanistic details behind its component enzymes has implications for plant biology, nutritional science, and biotechnology. As part of an initiative to determine the structures of all six core enzymes of the pathway, the present study focuses on three of them in the model species Myrciaria dubia (camu-camu): GDP-d-mannose 3',5'-epimerase (GME), l-galactose dehydrogenase (l-GalDH), and l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (l-GalLDH). We provide insights into substrate and cofactor binding and the conformational changes they induce. The MdGME structure reveals a distorted substrate in the active site, pertinent to the catalytic mechanism. Mdl-GalDH shows that the way in which NAD+ association affects loop structure over the active site is not conserved when compared with its homologue in spinach. Finally, the structure of Mdl-GalLDH is described for the first time. This allows for the rationalization of previously identified residues which play important roles in the active site or in the formation of the covalent bond with FAD. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of AsA biosynthesis in plants, and the information provided should prove useful for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon A Vargas
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Susana A Sculaccio
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Andressa P A Pinto
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Humberto D'Muniz Pereira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Luis F S Mendes
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Jhoao F Flores
- Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Marianela Cobos
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Psje. Los Paujiles S/N, 1600, Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Zungarococha, Ciudad Universitaria. Iquitos, Perú
| | - Juan C Castro
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Psje. Los Paujiles S/N, 1600, Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Zungarococha, Ciudad Universitaria. Iquitos, Perú
| | - Richard C Garratt
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Diego A Leonardo
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-120, Brazil
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26
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Foyer CH, Kunert K. The ascorbate-glutathione cycle coming of age. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2682-2699. [PMID: 38243395 PMCID: PMC11066808 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Concepts regarding the operation of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and the associated water/water cycle in the processing of metabolically generated hydrogen peroxide and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well established in the literature. However, our knowledge of the functions of these cycles and their component enzymes continues to grow and evolve. Recent insights include participation in the intrinsic environmental and developmental signalling pathways that regulate plant growth, development, and defence. In addition to ROS processing, the enzymes of the two cycles not only support the functions of ascorbate and glutathione, they also have 'moonlighting' functions. They are subject to post-translational modifications and have an extensive interactome, particularly with other signalling proteins. In this assessment of current knowledge, we highlight the central position of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in the network of cellular redox systems that underpin the energy-sensitive communication within the different cellular compartments and integrate plant signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Karl Kunert
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, FABI, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 2001, South Africa
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Mellidou I, Kanellis AK. Revisiting the role of ascorbate oxidase in plant systems. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2740-2753. [PMID: 38366668 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) plays an indispensable role in plants, serving as both an antioxidant and a master regulator of the cellular redox balance. Ascorbate oxidase (AO) is a blue copper oxidase that is responsible for the oxidation of AsA with the concomitant production of water. For many decades, AO was erroneously postulated as an enzyme without any obvious advantage, as it decreases the AsA pool size and thus is expected to weaken plant stress resistance. It was only a decade ago that this perspective shifted towards the fundamental role of AO in orchestrating both AsA and oxygen levels by influencing the overall redox balance in the extracellular matrix. Consistent with its localization in the apoplast, AO is involved in cell expansion, division, resource allocation, and overall plant yield. An increasing number of transgenic studies has demonstrated that AO can also facilitate communication between the surrounding environment and the cell, as its gene expression is highly responsive to factors such as hormonal signaling, oxidative stress, and mechanical injury. This review aims to describe the multiple functions of AO in plant growth, development, and stress resilience, and explore any additional roles the enzyme might have in fruits during the course of ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angelos K Kanellis
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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28
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Baldet P, Mori K, Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prigent S, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y. Multi-regulated GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase calls the tune in ascorbate biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2631-2643. [PMID: 38349339 PMCID: PMC11066804 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate is involved in numerous vital processes, in particular in response to abiotic but also biotic stresses whose frequency and amplitude increase with climate change. Ascorbate levels vary greatly depending on species, tissues, or stages of development, but also in response to stress. Since its discovery, the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway has been intensely studied and it appears that GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the enzyme with the greatest role in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. Like other enzymes of this pathway, its expression is induced by various environmental and also developmental factors. Although mRNAs encoding it are among the most abundant in the transcriptome, the protein is only present in very small quantities. In fact, GGP translation is repressed by a negative feedback mechanism involving a small open reading frame located upstream of the coding sequence (uORF). Moreover, its activity is inhibited by a PAS/LOV type photoreceptor, the action of which is counteracted by blue light. Consequently, this multi-level regulation of GGP would allow fine control of ascorbate synthesis. Indeed, experiments varying the expression of GGP have shown that it plays a central role in response to stress. This new understanding will be useful for developing varieties adapted to future environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Max Planck-Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Maruta T, Tanaka Y, Yamamoto K, Ishida T, Hamada A, Ishikawa T. Evolutionary insights into strategy shifts for the safe and effective accumulation of ascorbate in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2664-2681. [PMID: 38452239 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Plants accumulate high concentrations of ascorbate, commonly in their leaves, as a redox buffer. While ascorbate levels have increased during plant evolution, the mechanisms behind this phenomenon are unclear. Moreover, has the increase in ascorbate concentration been achieved without imposing any detrimental effects on the plants? In this review, we focus on potential transitions in two regulatory mechanisms related to ascorbate biosynthesis and the availability of cellular dehydroascorbate (DHA) during plant evolution. The first transition might be that the trigger for the transcriptional induction of VTC2, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in ascorbate biosynthesis, has shifted from oxidative stress (in green algae) to light/photosynthesis (in land plants), probably enabling the continuous accumulation of ascorbate under illumination. This could serve as a preventive system against the unpredictable occurrence of oxidative stress. The second transition might be that DHA-degrading enzymes, which protect cells from the highly reactive DHA in green algae and mosses, have been lost in ferns or flowering plants. Instead, flowering plants may have increased glutathione concentrations to reinforce the DHA reduction capacity, possibly allowing ascorbate accumulation and avoiding the toxicity of DHA. These potential transitions may have contributed to strategies for plants' safe and effective accumulation of ascorbate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kojiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Akane Hamada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
- Bioresource and Life Sciences, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
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Smirnoff N, Wheeler GL. The ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in plants is known, but there is a way to go with understanding control and functions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2604-2630. [PMID: 38300237 PMCID: PMC11066809 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is one of the most abundant primary metabolites in plants. Its complex chemistry enables it to function as an antioxidant, as a free radical scavenger, and as a reductant for iron and copper. Ascorbate biosynthesis occurs via the mannose/l-galactose pathway in green plants, and the evidence for this pathway being the major route is reviewed. Ascorbate accumulation is leaves is responsive to light, reflecting various roles in photoprotection. GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the first dedicated step in the pathway and is important in controlling ascorbate synthesis. Its expression is determined by a combination of transcription and translation. Translation is controlled by an upstream open reading frame (uORF) which blocks translation of the main GGP-coding sequence, possibly in an ascorbate-dependent manner. GGP associates with a PAS-LOV protein, inhibiting its activity, and dissociation is induced by blue light. While low ascorbate mutants are susceptible to oxidative stress, they grow nearly normally. In contrast, mutants lacking ascorbate do not grow unless rescued by supplementation. Further research should investigate possible basal functions of ascorbate in severely deficient plants involving prevention of iron overoxidation in 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and iron mobilization during seed development and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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Conklin PL, Foyer CH, Hancock RD, Ishikawa T, Smirnoff N. Ascorbic acid metabolism and functions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2599-2603. [PMID: 38699987 PMCID: PMC11066792 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This Special Issue was assembled to mark the 25th anniversary of the proposal of the d -mannose/ l -galactose (Smirnoff-Wheeler) ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in plants ( Wheeler et al., 1998 ). The issue aims to assess the current state of knowledge and to identify outstanding questions about ascorbate metabolism and functions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Conklin
- Biological Sciences Department, Bowers Hall Rm 240, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Robert D Hancock
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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Ford CM, Sweetman C, Fry SC. Ascorbate degradation: pathways, products, and possibilities. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2733-2739. [PMID: 38349794 PMCID: PMC11066805 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
A role for l-ascorbate as the precursor of several plant compounds adds to its already broad metabolic utility. There are many examples of plant species in which oxalate and l-threonate are formed from l-ascorbate breakdown, and a number of roles have been proposed for this: structural, physiological, and biochemical. On the other hand, the synthesis of l-tartrate from l-ascorbate remains limited to a very few species, amongst which we must be grateful to count the domesticated grapevine Vitis vinifera and its relatives on which wine production is based. Pathways for the degradation of ascorbate were first proposed ~50 years ago and have formed the basis of more recent biochemical and molecular analyses. The present review seeks to summarize some of these findings and to propose opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Ford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia
| | - Stephen C Fry
- The Edinburgh Cell Wall Group, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
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Quiñones CO, Gesto-Borroto R, Wilson RV, Hernández-Madrigal SV, Lorence A. Alternative pathways leading to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants: lessons from the last 25 years. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2644-2663. [PMID: 38488689 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
l-Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an antioxidant with important roles in plant stress physiology, growth, and development. AsA also plays an essential role in human health, preventing scurvy. Humans do not synthesize AsA, which needs to be supplied via a diet rich in fresh produce. Research efforts have provided progress in the elucidation of a complex metabolic network with at least four routes leading to AsA formation in plants. In this review, three alternative pathways, namely the d-galacturonate, the l-gulose, and the myo-inositol pathways, are presented with the supporting evidence of their operation in multiple plant species. We critically discuss feeding studies using precursors and their conversion to AsA in plant organs, and research where the expression of key genes encoding enzymes involved in the alternative pathways showed >100% AsA content increase in the transgenics and in many cases accompanied by enhanced tolerance to multiple stresses. We propose that the alternative pathways are vital in AsA production in response to stressful conditions and to compensate in cases where the flux through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway is reduced. The genes and enzymes that have been characterized so far in these alternative pathways represent important tools that are being used to develop more climate-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherryl O Quiñones
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Reinier Gesto-Borroto
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Rachael V Wilson
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Sara V Hernández-Madrigal
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, PO Box 419, State University, AR 72467, USA
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Lešić S, Ivanišević Z, Špiljak B, Tomas M, Šoštarić M, Včev A. The Impact of Vitamin Deficiencies on Oral Manifestations in Children. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:109. [PMID: 38668021 PMCID: PMC11049216 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins play a vital role in human health, particularly in the development and maintenance of oral health in children. These nutrients are broadly categorized into fat-soluble and water-soluble types, crucial for children's well-being. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of vitamin deficiencies on the oral health of children, focusing on how these deficiencies contribute to various oral health issues and determining the relationship between specific vitamin shortages and oral diseases. Findings indicate that shortages in vitamins A and D lead to enamel issues and a higher susceptibility to dental diseases, vitamin E assists in treating oral mucositis, and vitamin K is essential for blood clotting in dental surgeries. Deficits in B-complex and vitamin C result in enamel hypomineralization and soft tissue ailments, including aphthous stomatitis and gingival petechiae. Additionally, a lack of vitamin B7 compromises the immune response, increasing oral candidiasis risk. Therefore, vitamin deficiencies markedly affect children's oral health, highlighting the need for joint efforts between dental professionals and caregivers for effective pediatric care. Addressing vitamin deficiencies through supplementation and tailored dental care emphasizes the significance of nutritional health in children's overall and dental well-being, advocating for a collaborative approach to achieve optimal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stjepanka Lešić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Zrinka Ivanišević
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Bruno Špiljak
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matej Tomas
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (S.L.); (Z.I.)
| | - Magdalena Šoštarić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Aleksandar Včev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
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Huang M, Xu H, Zhou Q, Xiao J, Su Y, Wang M. The nutritional profile of chia seeds and sprouts: tailoring germination practices for enhancing health benefits-a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38622873 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2337220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Chia seeds have gained significant attention due to their unique composition and potential health benefits, including high dietary fibers, omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and phenolic compounds. These components contribute to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, as well as their ability to improve glucose metabolism and dyslipidemia. Germination is recognized as a promising strategy to enhance the nutritional value and bioavailability of chia seeds. Chia seed sprouts have been found to exhibit increased essential amino acid content, elevated levels of dietary fiber and total phenols, and enhanced antioxidant capability. However, there is limited information available concerning the dynamic changes of bioactive compounds during the germination process and the key factors influencing these alterations in biosynthetic pathways. Additionally, the influence of various processing conditions, such as temperature, light exposure, and duration, on the nutritional value of chia seed sprouts requires further investigation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the nutritional profile of chia seeds and the dynamic changes that occur during germination. Furthermore, the potential for tailored germination practices to produce chia sprouts with personalized nutrition, targeting specific health needs, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manting Huang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Yuting Su
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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36
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Ansari M, Bhattacharjee S, Pantazis DA. Correlating Structure with Spectroscopy in Ascorbate Peroxidase Compound II. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9640-9656. [PMID: 38530124 PMCID: PMC11009960 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Structural and spectroscopic investigations of compound II in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) have yielded conflicting conclusions regarding the protonation state of the crucial Fe(IV) intermediate. Neutron diffraction and crystallographic data support an iron(IV)-hydroxo formulation, whereas Mössbauer, X-ray absorption (XAS), and nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) studies appear consistent with an iron(IV)-oxo species. Here we examine APX with spectroscopy-oriented QM/MM calculations and extensive exploration of the conformational space for both possible formulations of compound II. We establish that irrespective of variations in the orientation of a vicinal arginine residue and potential reorganization of proximal water molecules and hydrogen bonding, the Fe-O distances for the oxo and hydroxo forms consistently fall within distinct, narrow, and nonoverlapping ranges. The accuracy of geometric parameters is validated by coupled-cluster calculations with the domain-based local pair natural orbital approach, DLPNO-CCSD(T). QM/MM calculations of spectroscopic properties are conducted for all structural variants, encompassing Mössbauer, optical, X-ray absorption, and X-ray emission spectroscopies and NRVS. All spectroscopic observations can be assigned uniquely to an Fe(IV)═O form. A terminal hydroxy group cannot be reconciled with the spectroscopic data. Under no conditions can the Fe(IV)═O distance be sufficiently elongated to approach the crystallographically reported Fe-O distance. The latter is consistent only with a hydroxo species, either Fe(IV) or Fe(III). Our findings strongly support the Fe(IV)═O formulation of APX-II and highlight unresolved discrepancies in the nature of samples used across different experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mursaleem Ansari
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Sinjini Bhattacharjee
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz
1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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37
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Harold KM, Matsuzaki S, Pranay A, Loveland BL, Batushansky A, Mendez Garcia MF, Eyster C, Stavrakis S, Chiao YA, Kinter M, Humphries KM. Loss of Cardiac PFKFB2 Drives Metabolic, Functional, and Electrophysiological Remodeling in the Heart. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033676. [PMID: 38533937 PMCID: PMC11179765 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2) is a critical glycolytic regulator responsible for upregulation of glycolysis in response to insulin and adrenergic signaling. PFKFB2, the cardiac isoform of PFK-2, is degraded in the heart in the absence of insulin signaling, contributing to diabetes-induced cardiac metabolic inflexibility. However, previous studies have not examined how the loss of PFKFB2 affects global cardiac metabolism and function. METHODS AND RESULTS To address this, we have generated a mouse model with a cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of PFKFB2 (cKO). Using 9-month-old cKO and control mice, we characterized the impacts of PFKFB2 on cardiac metabolism, function, and electrophysiology. cKO mice have a shortened life span of 9 months. Metabolically, cKO mice are characterized by increased glycolytic enzyme abundance and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, as well as decreased mitochondrial abundance and beta oxidation, suggesting a shift toward glucose metabolism. This was supported by a decrease in the ratio of palmitoyl carnitine to pyruvate-dependent mitochondrial respiration in cKO relative to control animals. Metabolomic, proteomic, and Western blot data support the activation of ancillary glucose metabolism, including pentose phosphate and hexosamine biosynthesis pathways. Physiologically, cKO animals exhibited impaired systolic function and left ventricular dilation, represented by reduced fractional shortening and increased left ventricular internal diameter, respectively. This was accompanied by electrophysiological alterations including increased QT interval and other metrics of delayed ventricular conduction. CONCLUSIONS Loss of PFKFB2 results in metabolic remodeling marked by cardiac ancillary pathway activation. This could delineate an underpinning of pathologic changes to mechanical and electrical function in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylene M. Harold
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Satoshi Matsuzaki
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Atul Pranay
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Brooke L. Loveland
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Albert Batushansky
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & TechnologyBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Maria F. Mendez Garcia
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Craig Eyster
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Stavros Stavrakis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Ying Ann Chiao
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Kenneth M. Humphries
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular PhysiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA
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Mathew MZ, Celshia S, Selvamani M, Suresh V, Hussein MA. The Synthesis of FeS and Investigation on Electrochemical Sensing Toward Neuroprotector. Cureus 2024; 16:e58709. [PMID: 38779263 PMCID: PMC11110095 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Electrochemical sensing is a versatile field that uses electrochemistry concepts to detect and measure various substances. It finds applications in clinical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Scientists are currently working on creating reliable electrochemical sensing devices that can accurately detect ascorbic acid. Iron sulfide (FeS) has emerged as a promising material for these sensors due to its excellent electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, and stability. Materials and methods The FeS nanoparticles were synthesized through the hydrothermal method of synthesis. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with a surface area of 0.071 cm2 was modified with FeS before the working electrode was mechanically polished with 1 µm, 0.3 µm, and 0.05 µm alumina pastes for mirror finishing. Then it was subjected to ultrasonication in double distilled water for a few minutes to clean the surface of GCE. The FeS suspension was prepared by dispersing 5 mg of FeS in 10 mL of ethanol during 20 minutes of ultrasonic agitation then the GCE was coated with 10 μL of the suspension by drop coating method and dried in air. Results In this study, FeS nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method of synthesis, and it was tested for their electrochemical sensing properties by various tests. Based on the field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis, scan rate effect test, cyclic voltammetric test, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis done and results obtained, it was seen that the synthesized FeS nanoparticles are highly pure and have a crystalline structure. FeS has an even morphology. The synthesized particles also showed highly sensitive and specific sensing toward ascorbic acid when compared to unmodified 10.1 µA electrodes with a sensing value of 12.51 μA, thereby fulfilling the aim of this study. Conclusion Based on the outcomes of the diverse tests carried out, it is evident that the sample displayed a high crystalline nature as indicated by the XRD test. Additionally, the sample exhibited a uniform morphology, exceptional stability, and remarkable sensitivity. The developed FeS-based electrochemical sensor was found to be exceptionally pure and showed excellent performance, showcasing both high sensitivity and selectivity toward ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zacharia Mathew
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sherin Celshia
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Muthamizh Selvamani
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammed Asif Hussein
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Tian X, Ji M, You J, Zhang Y, Lindsey K, Zhang X, Tu L, Wang M. Synergistic interplay of redox homeostasis and polysaccharide synthesis promotes cotton fiber elongation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:405-422. [PMID: 38163320 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cell polarity is the foundation of cell development and tissue morphogenesis. The investigation of polarized growth provides opportunities to gain profound insights into morphogenesis and tissue functionality in organisms. Currently, there are still many mysteries surrounding the mechanisms that regulate polarized cell growth. Cotton fiber cells serve as an excellent model for studying polarized growth, and provide important clues for unraveling the molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and regulatory networks of polarized growth. In this study, we characterized two functional genes, GhMDHAR1AT/DT and GhDHAR2AT/DT with predominant expression during fiber elongation. Loss of function of both genes contributed to a significant increase in fiber length. Transcriptomic data revealed up-regulated expression of antioxidant genes in CRISPR mutant lines, along with delayed expression of secondary wall-related genes and temporally prolonged expression of primary wall-related genes. Experimental evidence demonstrated that the increase in GSH content and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzyme activity led to enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), resulting in reduced H2O2 levels, which contributed to the extension of fiber elongation stage in CRISPR mutant lines. Moreover, the increased polysaccharide synthesis in CRISPR mutant lines was found to provide an abundant supply of raw materials for fiber cell wall elongation, suggesting that synergistic interplay between redox homeostasis and polysaccharide synthesis in fiber cells may facilitate cell wall remodeling and fiber elongation. This study provides valuable insights for deciphering the mechanisms of cell polarized growth and improving cotton fiber quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyuan Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaqi You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keith Lindsey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Maojun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Xiao J, He M, Chen P, Li M, Liu J, Li Y, Lu W, Jiang C, Liu D, Quzha K, Zheng Y. Proanthocyanidins delay the senescence of young asparagus stems by regulating antioxidant capacity and synthesis of phytochemicals. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101222. [PMID: 38389577 PMCID: PMC10881539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Asparagus, characterized by its high metabolic rate, is susceptible to quality degradation. Proanthocyanidins have antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and other biological functions and can inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species in plants. To enhance the shelf life of asparagus, we investigated the impact of various concentrations of proanthocyanidins on its cold storage and preservation. The findings revealed that proanthocyanidins effectively mitigated water loss, delayed chlorophyll degradation, and prevented firmness decline. Furthermore, they enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase), bolstered DPPH free radical scavenging ability, and increased the levels of total phenol, total flavone, rutin, oligomeric procyanidins, proline, and soluble protein. Moreover, proanthocyanidins promoted the accumulation of vitamin C, amino acids, total saponins, and lignin in the later storage stage, contributing to increased mechanical tissue thickness. These results suggest that proanthocyanidins play a crucial role in retarding the deterioration of asparagus quality during storage by affecting the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical (polyphenol,amino acid, total saponin, and lignin) synthesis in asparagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachang Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Maolin He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peiran Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junting Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanwen Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chengyao Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dingsong Liu
- Education, Technology and Sports Bureau of Enyang District, Bazhong 636063, China
| | - Konggar Quzha
- Jiangzi County Rilang Township Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Service Center, Shigatse 857400, China
| | - Yangxia Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Induri SP, Lyu Z, Venigalla SD, Vasireddy D, Singh P, Immadi MS, Pascual LS, Shostak B, Mendoza-Cózatl D, Joshi T, Fritschi FB, Zandalinas SI, Mittler R. The impact of multifactorial stress combination on reproductive tissues and grain yield of a crop plant. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1728-1745. [PMID: 38050346 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Global warming, climate change, and industrial pollution are altering our environment subjecting plants, microbiomes, and ecosystems to an increasing number and complexity of abiotic stress conditions, concurrently or sequentially. These conditions, termed, "multifactorial stress combination" (MFSC), can cause a significant decline in plant growth and survival. However, the impacts of MFSC on reproductive tissues and yield of major crop plants are largely unknown. We subjected soybean (Glycine max) plants to a MFSC of up to five different stresses (water deficit, salinity, low phosphate, acidity, and cadmium), in an increasing level of complexity, and conducted integrative transcriptomic-phenotypic analysis of their reproductive and vegetative tissues. We reveal that MFSC has a negative cumulative effect on soybean yield, that each set of MFSC condition elicits a unique transcriptomic response (that is different between flowers and leaves), and that selected genes expressed in leaves or flowers of soybean are linked to the effects of MFSC on different vegetative, physiological, and/or reproductive parameters. Our study identified networks and pathways associated with reactive oxygen species, ascorbic acid and aldarate, and iron/copper signaling/metabolism as promising targets for future biotechnological efforts to augment the resilience of reproductive tissues of major crop plants to MFSC. In addition, we provide unique phenotypic and transcriptomic datasets for dissecting the mechanistic effects of MFSC on the vegetative, physiological, and reproductive processes of a crop plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sai Preethi Induri
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Zhen Lyu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sai Darahas Venigalla
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Dinesh Vasireddy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Pallav Singh
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Manish Sridhar Immadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Benjamin Shostak
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - David Mendoza-Cózatl
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65201, USA
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Krępski T, Piasecka A, Święcicka M, Kańczurzewska M, Sawikowska A, Dmochowska-Boguta M, Rakoczy-Trojanowska M, Matuszkiewicz M. Leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) triggers substantial changes in rye (Secale cereale L.) at the transcriptome and metabolome levels. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:107. [PMID: 38347436 PMCID: PMC10863301 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a cereal crop highly tolerant to environmental stresses, including abiotic and biotic stresses (e.g., fungal diseases). Among these fungal diseases, leaf rust (LR) is a major threat to rye production. Despite extensive research, the genetic basis of the rye immune response to LR remains unclear. RESULTS An RNA-seq analysis was conducted to examine the immune response of three unrelated rye inbred lines (D33, D39, and L318) infected with compatible and incompatible Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis (Prs) isolates. In total, 877 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 20 and 36 h post-treatment (hpt). Most of the DEGs were up-regulated. Two lines (D39 and L318) had more up-regulated genes than down-regulated genes, whereas the opposite trend was observed for line D33. The functional classification of the DEGs helped identify the largest gene groups regulated by LR. Notably, these groups included several DEGs encoding cytochrome P450, receptor-like kinases, methylesterases, pathogenesis-related protein-1, xyloglucan endotransglucosylases/hydrolases, and peroxidases. The metabolomic response was highly conserved among the genotypes, with line D33 displaying the most genotype-specific changes in secondary metabolites. The effect of pathogen compatibility on metabolomic changes was less than the effects of the time-points and genotypes. Accordingly, the secondary metabolome of rye is altered by the recognition of the pathogen rather than by a successful infection. The results of the enrichment analysis of the DEGs and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) reflected the involvement of phenylpropanoid and diterpenoid biosynthesis as well as thiamine metabolism in the rye immune response. CONCLUSION Our work provides novel insights into the genetic and metabolic responses of rye to LR. Numerous immune response-related DEGs and DAMs were identified, thereby clarifying the mechanisms underlying the rye response to compatible and incompatible Prs isolates during the early stages of LR development. The integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses elucidated the contributions of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid pathways to the rye immune response to Prs. This combined analysis of omics data provides valuable insights relevant for future research conducted to enhance rye resistance to LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Krępski
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Piasecka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, 61-704, Poland
| | - M Święcicka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Kańczurzewska
- Institute of Mathematics, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, 60-965, Poland
| | - A Sawikowska
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, 60-637, Poland
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, 61-704, Poland
| | - M Dmochowska-Boguta
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzikow, Blonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - M Rakoczy-Trojanowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Matuszkiewicz
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Li S, Li Z, Wu M, Zhou Y, Tang W, Zhong H. Mercury transformations in algae, plants, and animals: The occurrence, mechanisms, and gaps. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168690. [PMID: 38000748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant showing potent toxicity to living organisms. The transformations of Hg are critical to global Hg cycling and Hg exposure risks, considering Hg mobilities and toxicities vary depending on Hg speciation. Though currently well understood in ambient environments, Hg transformations are inadequately explored in non-microbial organisms. The primary drivers of in vivo Hg transformations are far from clear, and the impacts of these processes on global Hg cycling and Hg associated health risks are not well understood. This hinders a comprehensive understanding of global Hg cycling and the effective mitigation of Hg exposure risks. Here, we focused on Hg transformations in non-microbial organisms, particularly algae, plants, and animals. The process of Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethylation in organisms were reviewed since these processes are the key transformations between the dominant Hg species, i.e., elemental Hg (Hg0), divalent inorganic Hg (IHgII), and methylmercury (MeHg). By summarizing the current knowledge of Hg transformations in organisms, we proposed the potential yet overlooked drivers of these processes, along with potential challenges that hinder a full understanding of in vivo Hg transformations. Knowledge summarized in this review would help achieve a comprehensive understanding of the fate and toxicity of Hg in organisms, providing a basis for predicting Hg cycles and mitigating human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouying Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengjie Wu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenli Tang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Wu P, Li B, Liu Y, Bian Z, Xiong J, Wang Y, Zhu B. Multiple Physiological and Biochemical Functions of Ascorbic Acid in Plant Growth, Development, and Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1832. [PMID: 38339111 PMCID: PMC10855474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an important nutrient for human health and disease cures, and it is also a crucial indicator for the quality of fruit and vegetables. As a reductant, AsA plays a pivotal role in maintaining the intracellular redox balance throughout all the stages of plant growth and development, fruit ripening, and abiotic stress responses. In recent years, the de novo synthesis and regulation at the transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level of AsA in plants have been studied relatively thoroughly. However, a comprehensive and systematic summary about AsA-involved biochemical pathways, as well as AsA's physiological functions in plants, is still lacking. In this review, we summarize and discuss the multiple physiological and biochemical functions of AsA in plants, including its involvement as a cofactor, substrate, antioxidant, and pro-oxidant. This review will help to facilitate a better understanding of the multiple functions of AsA in plant cells, as well as provide information on how to utilize AsA more efficiently by using modern molecular biology methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Ye Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Zheng Bian
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Jiaxin Xiong
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Yunxiang Wang
- Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
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Díaz FP, Dussarrat T, Carrasco-Puga G, Colombié S, Prigent S, Decros G, Bernillon S, Cassan C, Flandin A, Guerrero PC, Gibon Y, Rolin D, Cavieres LA, Pétriacq P, Latorre C, Gutiérrez RA. Ecological and metabolic implications of the nurse effect of Maihueniopsis camachoi in the Atacama Desert. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1074-1087. [PMID: 37984856 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant-plant positive interactions are key drivers of community structure. Yet, the underlying molecular mechanisms of facilitation processes remain unexplored. We investigated the 'nursing' effect of Maihueniopsis camachoi, a cactus that thrives in the Atacama Desert between c. 2800 and 3800 m above sea level. We hypothesised that an important protective factor is thermal amelioration of less cold-tolerant species with a corresponding impact on molecular phenotypes. To test this hypothesis, we compared plant cover and temperatures within the cactus foliage with open areas and modelled the effect of temperatures on plant distribution. We combined eco-metabolomics and machine learning to test the molecular consequences of this association. Multiple species benefited from the interaction with M. camachoi. A conspicuous example was the extended distribution of Atriplex imbricata to colder elevations in association with M. camachoi (400 m higher as compared to plants in open areas). Metabolomics identified 93 biochemical markers predicting the interaction status of A. imbricata with 79% accuracy, independently of year. These findings place M. camachoi as a key species in Atacama plant communities, driving local biodiversity with an impact on molecular phenotypes of nursed species. Our results support the stress-gradient hypothesis and provide pioneer insights into the metabolic consequences of facilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca P Díaz
- Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2362807, Valparaíso, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile (IEB), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
- ANID Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation and ANID Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas Dussarrat
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Gabriela Carrasco-Puga
- ANID Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation and ANID Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Amélie Flandin
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pablo C Guerrero
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile (IEB), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, 7800003, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yves Gibon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Dominique Rolin
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Lohengrin A Cavieres
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile (IEB), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, 7800003, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Claudio Latorre
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile (IEB), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Gutiérrez
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Chile (IEB), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, 7800003, Santiago, Chile
- ANID Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation and ANID Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
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Ishida T, Tanaka Y, Maruta T, Ishikawa T. The D-mannose/L-galactose pathway plays a predominant role in ascorbate biosynthesis in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha but is not regulated by light and oxidative stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:805-817. [PMID: 37983622 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate plays an indispensable role in plants, functioning as both an antioxidant and a cellular redox buffer. It is widely acknowledged that the ascorbate biosynthesis in the photosynthetic tissues of land plants is governed by light-mediated regulation of the D-mannose/L-galactose (D-Man/L-Gal) pathway. At the core of this light-dependent regulation lies the VTC2 gene, encoding the rate-limiting enzyme GDP-L-Gal phosphorylase. The VTC2 expression is regulated by signals via the photosynthetic electron transport system. In this study, we directed our attention to the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, representing one of the basal land plants, enabling us to conduct an in-depth analysis of its ascorbate biosynthesis. The M. polymorpha genome harbors a solitary gene for each enzyme involved in the D-Man/L-Gal pathway, including VTC2, along with three lactonase orthologs, which may be involved in the alternative ascorbate biosynthesis pathway. Through supplementation experiments with potential precursors, we observed that only L-Gal exhibited effectiveness in ascorbate biosynthesis. Furthermore, the generation of VTC2-deficient mutants through genome editing unveiled the inability of thallus regeneration in the absence of L-Gal supplementation, thereby revealing the importance of the D-Man/L-Gal pathway in ascorbate biosynthesis within M. polymorpha. Interestingly, gene expression analyses unveiled a distinct characteristic of M. polymorpha, where none of the genes associated with the D-Man/L-Gal pathway, including VTC2, showed upregulation in response to light, unlike other known land plants. This study sheds light on the exceptional nature of M. polymorpha as a land plant that has evolved distinctive mechanisms concerning ascorbate biosynthesis and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ishida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
| | - Takanori Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
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Zong D, Liu H, Gan P, Ma S, Liang H, Yu J, Li P, Jiang T, Sahu SK, Yang Q, Zhang D, Li L, Qiu X, Shao W, Yang J, Li Y, Guang X, He C. Chromosomal-scale genomes of two Rosa species provide insights into genome evolution and ascorbate accumulation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1264-1280. [PMID: 37964640 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii and Rosa sterilis, two species belonging to the Rosaceae family, are widespread in the southwest of China. These species have gained recognition for their remarkable abundance of ascorbate in their fresh fruits, making them an ideal vitamin C resource. In this study, we generated two high-quality chromosome-scale genome assemblies for R. roxburghii and R. sterilis, with genome sizes of 504 and 981.2 Mb, respectively. Notably, we present a haplotype-resolved, chromosome-scale assembly for diploid R. sterilis. Our results indicated that R. sterilis originated from the hybridization of R. roxburghii and R. longicuspis. Genome analysis revealed the absence of recent whole-genome duplications in both species and identified a series of duplicated genes that possibly contributing to the accumulation of flavonoids. We identified two genes in the ascorbate synthesis pathway, GGP and GalLDH, that show signs of positive selection, along with high expression levels of GDP-d-mannose 3', 5'-epimerase (GME) and GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) during fruit development. Furthermore, through co-expression network analysis, we identified key hub genes (MYB5 and bZIP) that likely regulate genes in the ascorbate synthesis pathway, promoting ascorbate biosynthesis. Additionally, we observed the expansion of terpene synthase genes in these two species and tissue expression patterns, suggesting their involvement in terpenoid biosynthesis. Our research provides valuable insights into genome evolution and the molecular basis of the high concentration of ascorbate in these two Rosa species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zong
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Peihua Gan
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Shaojie Ma
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Hongping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Jinde Yu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Peilin Li
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Sunil Kumar Sahu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Deguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Xu Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Wenwen Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | | | - Yonghe Li
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xuanmin Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Chengzhong He
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
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He W, Yin X, Xu C, Liu X, Huang Y, Yang C, Xu Y, Hu L. Ascorbic Acid Reprograms Epigenome and Epitranscriptome by Reducing Fe(III) in the Catalytic Cycle of Dioxygenases. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:129-140. [PMID: 38100359 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (ASC) has been reported to stimulate DNA iterative oxidase ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, Jumonji C-domain-containing histone demethylases, and potentially RNA m6A demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 as a cofactor. Although ascorbic acid has been widely investigated in reprogramming DNA and histone methylation status in vitro, in cultured cells and mouse models, its specific role in the catalytic cycle of dioxygenases remains enigmatic. Here, we systematically investigated the stimulation of ASC toward TET2, ALKBH3, histone demethylases, and FTO. We find that ASC reprograms epitranscriptome by erasing the hypermethylated m6A sites in mRNA. Biochemistry and electron spin resonance assays demonstrate that ASC enters the active pocket of dioxygenases and reduces Fe(III), either incorporated upon protein synthesis or generated upon rebounding the hydroxyl radical during oxidation, into Fe(II). Finally, we propose a remedied model for the catalytic cycle of dioxygenases by adding in the essential cofactor, ASC, which refreshes and regenerates inactive dioxygenase through recycling Fe(III) into Fe(II) in a dynamic "hit-and-run" manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi He
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaotong Yin
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangyue Liu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Caiguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanhui Xu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lulu Hu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan university Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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49
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Zeng YF, Chen YY, Deng YY, Zheng C, Hong CZ, Li QM, Yang XF, Pan LH, Luo JP, Li XY, Zha XQ. Preparation and characterization of lotus root starch based bioactive edible film containing quercetin-encapsulated nanoparticle and its effect on grape preservation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121389. [PMID: 37940283 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to develop a novel bioactive edible film prepared by adding quercetin-encapsulated carboxymethyl lotus root starch nanoparticles (QNPs),gellan gum and lotus root starch. The physicochemical characteristics, preservation effect and mechanism on grapes of the prepared film were investigated. SEM results showed that QNPs (5 %) were dispersed uniformly within lotus root starch matrix, indicating the formation of a stable composite nanoparticle film. In addition, the incorporation of QNPs (5 %) effectively improved the mechanical strength, thermal stability, barrier property and antioxidant activity of QNPs/starch film. Moreover, compared with the control, the QNPs/starch (5 %) film showed effective preservation effect on grapes during 21 days of storage at room temperature, based on the characterization by grape appearance, weight loss, firmness, and titratable acidity. Further studies found that QNPs/starch (5 %) film could exhibit enhanced antioxidant activity and potent anti-fungal ability against Botrytis cinerea, thus extending grape shelf life. In conclusion, the obtained QNPs/starch (5 %) film presented a promising application as an edible packing material for fruit preservation by antioxidant and preventing Botrytis cinerea contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fan Zeng
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Deng
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hong
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Fei Yang
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Mishra S, Sharma A, Srivastava AK. Ascorbic acid: a metabolite switch for designing stress-smart crops. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38163756 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are continually being challenged by a diverse array of abiotic stresses, including: water scarcity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal exposure, and soil salinity. A common theme in these stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cellular redox homeostasis causing oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans, and also plays a crucial role in the plant kingdom. AsA is synthesized by plants through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway that functions as a powerful antioxidant and protects plant cells from ROS generated during photosynthesis. AsA controls several key physiological processes, including: photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, either by acting as a co-factor for metabolic enzymes or by regulating cellular redox-status. AsA's multi-functionality uniquely positions it to integrate and recalibrate redox-responsive transcriptional/metabolic circuits and essential biological processes, in accordance to developmental and environmental cues. In recognition of this, we present a systematic overview of current evidence highlighting AsA as a central metabolite-switch in plants. Further, a comprehensive overview of genetic manipulation of genes involved in AsA metabolism has been provided along with the bottlenecks and future research directions, that could serve as a framework for designing "stress-smart" crops in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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