1
|
ElKhooly IA, El-Bassossy HM, Mohammed HO, Atwa AM, Hassan NA. Vitamin B1 and calcitriol enhance glibenclamide suppression of diabetic nephropathy: Role of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB/TNF-α/Nrf2/α-SMA trajectories. Life Sci 2024; 357:123046. [PMID: 39255926 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Glibenclamide is one of the most prescribed insulin secretagogues in diabetes due to its low cost, but its efficacy on suppressing diabetic complications is limited. Here, we examine whether addition of either vitamin B1 or calcitriol to glibenclamide could produce more suppression of diabetic nephropathy. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high fructose (10 % in drinking water), high salt (3 % in diet), and high fat diet (25 % in diet) for 3 weeks, followed by single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.). Diabetic rats were treated with either glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg), vitamin B1 (70 mg/kg), glibenclamide/vitamin B1, calcitriol (0.1 μg/kg), or glibenclamide/calcitriol. Addition of either vitamin B1 or calcitriol to glibenclamide therapy enabled more suppression of diabetic nephropathy development as evidenced by more preserved creatinine clearance and less renal damage scores. Combination therapy resulted in mild enhancement in the effect of glibenclamide on glucose tolerance without affecting the area under the curve. Combination therapy was associated with more suppression of inflammatory cascades as evidenced by reducing the expression of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, combination therapy enhanced the antioxidant mechanisms as evidenced by increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione content and reducing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels. Furthermore, combination therapy provided more suppression of fibrotic pathways as appear from reducing collagen deposition and the expression of α- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In conclusion, addition of vitamin B1 or calcitriol to glibenclamide therapy can enhance the therapeutic efficiency of glibenclamide in suppressing diabetic nephropathy progression to the same extend, the protective effect is mediated through modulating HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB/TNF-α/Nrf2/α-SMA trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam Ahmed ElKhooly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Hany M El-Bassossy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Heba Osama Mohammed
- Human anatomy and embryology department, Faculty of Medicine -Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo 11829, Egypt; College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq.
| | - Noura A Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Shoura EAM, Abdelzaher LA, Ahmed AAN, Abdel-Wahab BA, Sharkawi SMZ, Mohamed SA, Salem EA. Reno-protective effect of nicorandil and pentoxifylline against potassium dichromate-induced acute renal injury via modulation p38MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 and Notch1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 85:127474. [PMID: 38788404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational and environmental exposure to chromium compounds such as potassium dichromate (PDC) (K2Cr2O7) has emerged as a potential aetiologic cause for renal disease through apoptotic, and inflammatory reactions. The known potent antioxidants such as nicorandil (NIC) and/or pentoxifylline (PTX) were studied for their possible nephroprotective effect in PDC-treated rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups; control, PDC group, NIC+PDC, PTX+PDC group, and combination+PDC group. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated histopathologically and biochemically. Invasive blood pressure, renal function parameters urea, creatinine, uric acid and albumin, glomerular filtration rate markers Cys-C, Kim-1 and NGAL, inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, COX-II, p38MAPK, NF-κB and TLR4, oxidative stress SOD, GSH, MDA, MPO, HO-1 and Nrf2 and apoptotic mediators Notch1 and PCNA were evaluated. Besides, renal cortical histopathology was assayed as well. RESULTS PDC led to a considerable increase in indicators for kidney injury, renal function parameters, invasive blood pressure, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. They were markedly reduced by coadministration of PDC with either/or NIC and PTX. The NIC and PTX combination regimen showed a more significant improvement than either medication used alone. Our results demonstrated the nephroprotective effect of NIC, PTX, and their combined regimen on PDC-induced kidney injury through suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION Renal recovery from PDC injury was achieved through enhanced MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressed Notch1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. This study highlights the role of NIC and PTX as effective interventions to ameliorate nephrotoxicity in patients undergoing PDC toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Lobna A Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A N Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Souty M Z Sharkawi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa A Salem
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen ElKom 32511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang X, Liu X, Xu L, Li Y, Zheng B, Xia C, Wang J, Liu H. Targeted delivery of type I TGF-β receptor-mimicking peptide to fibrotic kidney for improving kidney fibrosis therapy via enhancing the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad and p38 MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112483. [PMID: 38880023 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a representative pathological feature of various chronic kidney diseases, and efficient treatment is needed. Interstitial myofibroblasts are a key driver of kidney fibrosis, which is dependent on the binding of TGF-β1 to type I TGF-β receptor (TβRI) and TGF-β1-related signaling pathways. Therefore, attenuating TGF-β1 activity by competing with TGF-β1 in myofibroblasts is an ideal strategy for treating kidney fibrosis. Recently, a novel TβRI-mimicking peptide RIPΔ demonstrated a high affinity for TGF-β1. Thus, it could be speculated that RIPΔ may be used for anti-fibrosis therapy. Platelet-derived growth factor β receptor (PDGFβR) is highly expressed in fibrotic kidney. In this study, we found that target peptide Z-RIPΔ, which is RIPΔ modified with PDGFβR-specific affibody ZPDGFβR, was specifically and highly taken up by TGF-β1-activated NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Moreover, Z-RIPΔ effectively inhibited the myofibroblast proliferation, migration and fibrosis response in vitro. In vivo and ex vivo experiments showed that Z-RIPΔ specifically targeted fibrotic kidney, improved the damaged renal function, and ameliorated kidney histopathology and renal fibrosis in UUO mice. Mechanistic studies showed that Z-RIPΔ hold the stronger inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/p38 pathways than unmodified RIPΔ in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, systemic administration of Z-RIPΔ to UUO mice led to minimal toxicity to major organs. Taken together, RIPΔ modified with ZPDGFβR increased its therapeutic efficacy and reduced its systemic toxicity, making it a potential candidate for targeted therapy for kidney fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China; Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China; Department of Cell Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Liming Xu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Yuting Li
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Caiyun Xia
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China; Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pan D, Qu Y, Shi C, Xu C, Zhang J, Du H, Chen X. Oleanolic acid and its analogues: promising therapeutics for kidney disease. Chin Med 2024; 19:74. [PMID: 38816880 PMCID: PMC11140902 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. Worryingly, the clinical use of drugs for kidney diseases is associated with more side effects, so more effective and safer treatments are urgently needed. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid that is widely available in nature and has been shown to have protective effects in kidney disease. However, comprehensive studies on its role in kidney diseases are still lacking. Therefore, this article first explores the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, derivatives, and safety of OA, followed by a summary of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, autophagy-enhancing, and antifibrotic effects of OA and its analogues in renal diseases, and an analysis of the molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide further insights for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pan
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yilun Qu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongjian Du
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Q, Wang Y, Yan J, Yuan R, Zhang J, Guo X, Zhao M, Li F, Li X. Osthole ameliorates early diabetic kidney damage by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and inhibiting TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112131. [PMID: 38669945 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osthole is a natural active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Cnidium monnieri. It has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-hyperglycemic properties. However, its effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains uncertain. This study aims to assess the preventive and therapeutic effects of osthole on DKD and investigate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A streptozotocin/high-fat and high-sucrose diet induced Type 2 diabetic rat model was established. Metformin served as the positive drug control. Diabetic rats were treated with metformin or three different doses of osthole for 8 weeks. Throughout the treatment period, the progression of DKD was assessed by monitoring increases in urinary protein, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and uric acid, along with scrutinizing kidney pathology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect inflammatory factors and oxidative stress levels. At the same time, immunohistochemical staining was utilized to evaluate changes in alpha-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin, E-cadherin, and apoptosis. The alterations in TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway were ascertained through western blot and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, we constructed a high glucose-stimulated HBZY-1 cells model to uncover its molecular protective mechanism. RESULTS Osthole significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, serum creatinine, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, urinary protein excretion, and glomerular mesangial matrix deposition in diabetic rats. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis levels. The increase of ROS, apoptosis and hypertrophy in HBZY-1 cells induced by high glucose was reduced by osthole. Immunofluorescence and western blot results demonstrated that osthole down-regulated the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway and related protein expression. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that osthole exhibits potential preventive and therapeutic effects on DKD. It deserves further investigation as a promising drug for preventing and treating DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangsheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jia Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ruyan Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinhao Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fenfen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaotian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Environment and Health of Henan, College of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 451150, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Ping Z, Gao H, Liu Z, Xv Q, Jiang X, Yu W. LYC inhibits the AKT signaling pathway to activate autophagy and ameliorate TGFB-induced renal fibrosis. Autophagy 2024; 20:1114-1133. [PMID: 38037248 PMCID: PMC11135866 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2287930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a typical pathological change in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the predominant stage. Activation of macroautophagy/autophagy plays a crucial role in the process of EMT. Lycopene (LYC) is a highly antioxidant carotenoid with pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and mediation of autophagy. In this study, we demonstrated the specific mechanism of LYC in activating mitophagy and improving renal fibrosis. The enrichment analysis results of GO and KEGG showed that LYC had high enrichment values with autophagy. In this study, we showed that LYC alleviated aristolochic acid I (AAI)-induced intracellular expression of PINK1, TGFB/TGF-β, p-SMAD2, p-SMAD3, and PRKN/Parkin, recruited expression of MAP1LC3/LC3-II and SQSTM1/p62, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ameliorated renal fibrosis in mice. When we simultaneously intervened NRK52E cells using bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), AAI, and LYC, intracellular MAP1LC3-II and SQSTM1 expression was significantly increased. A similar result was seen in renal tissue and cells when treated in vitro and in vivo with CQ, AAI, and LYC, and the inhibitory effect of LYC on the AAI-activated SMAD2-SMAD3 signaling pathway was attenuated. Molecular docking simulation experiments showed that LYC stably bound to the AKT active site. After intervention of cells with AAI and GSK-690693, the expression of PINK1, PRKN, MAP1LC3-II, BECN1, p-SMAD2 and p-SMAD3 was increased, and the expression of SQSTM1 was decreased. However, SC79 inhibited autophagy and reversed the inhibitory effect of LYC on EMT. The results showed that LYC could inhibit the AKT signaling pathway to activate mitophagy and reduce renal fibrosis.Abbreviation: AA: aristolochic acid; ACTA2/α-SMA: actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta; ACTB: actin beta; AKT/protein kinase B: thymoma viral proto-oncogene; BAF-A1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CCN2/CTGF: cellular communication network factor 2; CDH1/E-Cadherin: cadherin 1; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COL1: collagen, type I; COL3: collagen, type III; CQ: chloroquine; ECM: extracellular matrix; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FN1: fibronectin 1; LYC: lycopene; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase ; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PINK1: PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PRKN/Parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; PPI: protein-protein interaction; SMAD2: SMAD family member 2; SMAD3: SMAD family member 3; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TGFB/TGFβ: transforming growth factor, beta; VIM: vimentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenlei Ping
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxin Gao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyang Xv
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang P, Zhang S, Liu W, Lv X, Wang B, Hu B, Shao Z. Bardoxolone methyl breaks the vicious cycle between M1 macrophages and senescent nucleus pulposus cells through the Nrf2/STING/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111262. [PMID: 38101216 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD), an age-related degenerative disease, is accompanied by the accumulation of senescent nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. The current study aims to clarify the role of M1 macrophages in the senescence of NP cells, and further explores whether bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-Me) can alleviate the pathological changes induced by M1 macrophages and relieve IDD. On the one hand, conditioned medium (CM) of M1 macrophages (M1CM) triggered senescence of NP cells and ECM degradation in a time-dependent manner. On the other hand, CM of senescent NP cells (S-NPCM) was collected to treat macrophages and we found that S-NPCM promoted the migration and M1-polarization of macrophages. However, both of the above effects can be partially blocked by CDDO-Me. We further explored the mechanism and found that M1CM promoted the expression level of STING and nuclear translocation of P65 in NP cells, while being restrained by CDDO-Me and STING inhibitor H151. In addition, the employment of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 facilitated the expression level of STING and nuclear translocation of P65, thereby blocking the effects of CDDO-Me on suppressing senescence of NP cells and ECM degradation. In vivo, the injection of CDDO-Me into the disc decreased the infiltration of M1 macrophages and ameliorated degenerative manifestations in the puncture-induced rat IDD model. In conclusion, CDDO-Me was proved to break the vicious cycle between M1 macrophages and senescent NP cells through the Nrf2/STING/NF-κB pathway, thereby attenuating the progression of IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Weijian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Baichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Binwu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu JH, Wang L, Ma ZX, Duan JA, Tao JH. Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and Cornus officinalis Sieb herb couple ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD rats by inhibiting the TGF-β1/MAPK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117039. [PMID: 37579922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herb couple Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and Cornus officinalis Sieb (RC), originated from "Liuwei Dihuang Pill" which recorded in Key to Therapeutics of Children's Diseases. Traditionally, they have been used widely for their ability to nourish yin and energize the kidneys. Our previous study indicated that the RC could protect against adenine induced Chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. Nevertheless, there is still no clear explanation of the mechanisms by which RC affects renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD rats. AIM OF THE STUDY Current Work aims to explore the amelioration and potential mechanism of RC on renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS CKD rats were induced by adenine. Two weeks after administration, blood, urine, and kidney tissue were collected for biochemical analysis. Observing the physiological state of rats through the changes of rat body weight and renal index. The pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while renal tissue damage and fibrosis were assessed with Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining. In order to determine the levels of indicators and proteins associated with fibrosis signaling pathways, real time PCR (Rt-PCR), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence were employed. RESULTS The renal interstitial fibrosis led to impaired cellular functions with increased the levels of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Urine protein (UP), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). and simultaneous up-regulated collagenⅠ(COL-1), fibronection (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), down-regulated the expression of the E-cadherin proteins. RC notably improved renal dysfunction in CKD rats as indicated by decreases in BUN, UP, and renal index. In addition, consistent with the morphological changes of renal tissue, renal interstitial fibrosis in CKD rats after RC intervention was significantly improved, mainly manifested by a decrease in the positive expression of COL-1, FN, and a-SMA, and increased levels of E-cadherin protein. Meanwhile, RC reduced the classical pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in adenine-induced CKD rats. Additionally, RC administration also down-regulated TGF-β1, JNK, p38 and ERK. CONCLUSION In conclusion, RC may reduce inflammation in adenine induced CKD rats, improve extracellular matrix (ECM) components deposition, and diminish epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker protein levels. Furthermore, RC intervention significantly reduces the release of inflammatory cytokines and inhibits the TGF-β1/MAPK signaling pathway. Based on the results, RC might be useful in the treatment of adenine induced renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Zhu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China; School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, China
| | - Zhen-Xiang Ma
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Tao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China; School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li K, Huang Z, Xie G, Huang B, Song L, Zhang Y, Yang J. Transcriptomic insights into UTUC: role of inflammatory fibrosis and potential for personalized treatment. J Transl Med 2024; 22:24. [PMID: 38183115 PMCID: PMC10768331 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease, belonging to the same category of urothelial cancers as bladder cancer (BC). Despite sharing similar non-surgical treatment modalities, UTUC demonstrates a higher metastasis propensity than BC. Furthermore, although both cancers exhibit similar molecular disease emergence mechanisms, sequencing data reveals some differences. Our study investigates the transcriptomic distinctions between UTUC and BC, explores the causes behind UTUC's heightened metastatic tendency, constructs a model for UTUC metastasis and prognosis, and propose personalized treatment strategies for UTUC. METHODS In our research, we utilized differential gene expression analysis, interaction networks, and Cox regression to explore the enhanced metastatic propensity of UTUC. We formulated and validated a prognostic risk model using diverse techniques, including cell co-culture, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qPCR), western blotting, and transwell experiments. Our methodological approach also involved survival analysis, risk model construction, and drug screening leveraging the databases of CTRPv2, PRISM and CMap. We used the Masson staining technique for histological assessments. All statistical evaluations were conducted using R software and GraphPad Prism 9, reinforcing the rigorous and comprehensive nature of our research approach. RESULTS Screening through inflammatory fibrosis revealed a reduction of extracellular matrix and cell adhesion molecules regulated by proteoglycans in UTUC compared with BC, making UTUC more metastasis-prone. We demonstrated that SDC1, LUM, VEGFA, WNT7B, and TIMP3, are critical in promoting UTUC metastasis. A risk model based on these five molecules can effectively predict the risk of UTUC metastasis and disease-free survival time. Given UTUC's unique molecular mechanisms distinct from BC, we discovered that UTUC patients could better mitigate the issue of poor prognosis associated with UTUC's easy metastasis through tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) alongside the conventional gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy regimen. CONCLUSIONS The poor prognosis of UTUC because of its high metastatic propensity is intimately tied to inflammatory fibrosis induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The biological model constructed using the five molecules SDC1, LUM, VEGFA, WNT7B, and TIMP3 can effectively predict patient prognosis. UTUC patients require specialized treatments in addition to conventional regimens, with TKIs exhibiting significant potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Li
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guoqing Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Budeng Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu D, Wang L, Ha W, Li K, Shen R, Wang D. HIF-1α: A potential therapeutic opportunity in renal fibrosis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110808. [PMID: 37980973 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common outcome of various renal injuries, leading to structural destruction and functional decline of the kidney, and is also a critical prognostic indicator and determinant in renal diseases therapy. Hypoxia is induced in different stress and injuries in kidney, and the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are activated in the context of hypoxia in response and regulation the hypoxia in time. Under stress and hypoxia conditions, HIF-1α increases rapidly and regulates intracellular energy metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Through reprogramming cellular metabolism, HIF-1α can directly or indirectly induce abnormal accumulation of metabolites, changes in cellular epigenetic modifications, and activation of fibrotic signals. HIF-1α protein expression and activity are regulated by various posttranslational modifications. The drugs targeting HIF-1α can regulate the downstream cascade signals by inhibiting HIF-1α activity or promoting its degradation. As the renal fibrosis is affected by renal diseases, different diseases may trigger different mechanisms which will affect the therapy effect. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of the role and contribution of HIF-1α in occurrence and progression of renal fibrosis, and determination the appropriate intervention time of HIF-1α in the process of renal fibrosis are important ideas to explore effective treatment strategies. This study reviews the regulation of HIF-1α and its mediated complex cascade reactions in renal fibrosis, and lists some drugs targeting HIF-1α that used in preclinical studies, to provide new insight for the study of the renal fibrosis mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Disheng Liu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wuhua Ha
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Kan Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ghafouri‐Fard S, Askari A, Shoorei H, Seify M, Koohestanidehaghi Y, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Samsami M. Antioxidant therapy against TGF-β/SMAD pathway involved in organ fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18052. [PMID: 38041559 PMCID: PMC10826439 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis refers to excessive build-up of scar tissue and extracellular matrix components in different organs. In recent years, it has been revealed that different cytokines and chemokines, especially Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. It has been shown that TGF-β is upregulated in fibrotic tissues, and contributes to fibrosis by mediating pathways that are related to matrix preservation and fibroblasts differentiation. There is no doubt that antioxidants protect against different inflammatory conditions by reversing the effects of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur-based reactive elements. Oxidative stress has a direct impact on chronic inflammation, and as results, prolonged inflammation ultimately results in fibrosis. Different types of antioxidants, in the forms of vitamins, natural compounds or synthetic ones, have been proven to be beneficial in the protection against fibrotic conditions both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we reviewed the role of different compounds with antioxidant activity in induction or inhibition of TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway, with regard to different fibrotic conditions such as gastro-intestinal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, skin fibrosis, renal fibrosis and also some rare cases of fibrosis, both in animal models and cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri‐Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Arian Askari
- Phytochemistry Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Cellular and Molecular Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad Seify
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences InstituteShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Yeganeh Koohestanidehaghi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences InstituteShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of PharmacyHawler Medical UniversityErbilIraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human GeneticsJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Urology and Nephrology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Loghman Hakim HospitalShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang B, Wang X, Dong Y, Liu X, Xu L, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang C, Liu H. PDGFβ receptor-targeted delivery of truncated transforming growth factor β receptor type II for improving the in vitro and in vivo anti-renal fibrosis activity via strong inactivation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:237-252. [PMID: 37401970 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Truncated transforming growth factor β receptor type II (tTβRII), serving as a trap for binding excessive transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) by means of competing with wild-type TβRII, is a promising strategy for the treatment of kidney fibrosis. Platelet-derived growth factor β receptor (PDGFβR) is highly expressed in interstitial myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis. This study identified the interaction between a novel tTβRII variant Z-tTβRII (PDGFβR-specific affibody ZPDGFβR fused to the N-terminus of tTβRII) and TGF-β1. Moreover, Z-tTβRII highly targeted to TGF-β1-activated NIH3T3 cells and UUO-induced fibrotic kidney, but less to normal cells, tissues, and organs. Furthermore, Z-tTβRII significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration, and reduced fibrosis markers expression and phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 in activated NIH3T3 cells. Meanwhile, Z-tTβRII markedly alleviated the kidney histopathology and fibrotic responses, and inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in UUO mice. Besides, Z-tTβRII showed good safety performance in the treatment of UUO mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that Z-tTβRII may be a potential candidate for a targeting therapy on renal fibrosis due to the high potential of fibrotic kidney-targeting and strong anti-renal fibrosis activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cell Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Dong
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Xu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Medical Research Center, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuntao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory for Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li X, Tao S, Xu Z, Ren Y, Xiang W, He X. SMURF1 activates the cGAS/STING/IFN-1 signal axis by mediating YY1 ubiquitination to accelerate the progression of lupus nephritis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2281235. [PMID: 37994046 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2281235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Aggravated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis in podocytes play an important role in lupus nephritis (LN) progression, but its mechanism is still unclear. Herein, the role of SMURF1 in regulating podocytes apoptosis and ERS during LN progression were investigated. MRL/lpr mice was used as LN model in vivo. HE staining was performed to analyze histopathological changes. Mouse podocytes (MPC5 cells) were treated with serum IgG from LN patients (LN-IgG) to construct LN model in vitro. CCK8 assay was adopted to determine the viability. Cell apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. The interactions between SMURF1, YY1 and cGAS were analyzed using ChIP and/or dual-luciferase reporter gene and/or Co-IP assays. YY1 ubiquitination was analyzed by ubiquitination analysis. Our results found that SMURF1, cGAS and STING mRNA levels were markedly increased in serum samples of LN patients, while YY1 was downregulated. YY1 upregulation reduced LN-IgG-induced ERS and apoptosis in podocytes. Moreover, SMURF1 upregulation reduced YY1 protein stability and expression by ubiquitinating YY1 in podocytes. Rescue studies revealed that YY1 knockdown abrogated the inhibition of SMURF1 downregulation on LN-IgG-induced ERS and apoptosis in podocytes. It was also turned out that YY1 alleviated podocytes injury in LN by transcriptional inhibition cGAS/STING/IFN-1 signal axis. Finally, SMURF1 knockdown inhibited LN progression in vivo. In short, SMURF1 upregulation activated the cGAS/STING/IFN-1 signal axis by regulating YY1 ubiquitination to facilitate apoptosis in podocytes during LN progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Department of Pediatrics Nephrology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sisi Tao
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiquan Xu
- Nephropathy Rheumatology Immunology Department, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaojie He
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Department of Pediatrics Nephrology, Children's Medical Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi X, Jiang W, Yang X, Ma H, Wang Z, Ai Q, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Shi Y. Aucubin inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation through stimulating Nrf2/Smad7 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176002. [PMID: 37607604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Liver fibrosis may develop into end-stage liver disease if left unprevented. The study is attempting to identify a compound to ameliorate liver fibrosis progression with high efficiency and low toxicity, as well as to analyze its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS The drug screening was performed using human hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 for identifying the compound as collagen I inhibitor. Primary Human hepatic stellate cells and LX-2 cell line were used to detect the antifibrotic function activity and molecular mechanism analysis in vitro. The CCl4-induced mouse experimental model was used to measure the amelioration in liver fibrosis. RESULTS This study identified Aucubin, a natural compound, as a candidate for anti-liver fibrosis. Besides, Aucubin could inhibit the collagen I and α-SMA expressions in LX-2 cells and primary human hepatic stellate cells, as well as the cell proliferation. In terms of mechanism, Aucubin could upregulate Smad7 in hepatic stellate cells in a dose-dependent manner and block TGF-β signaling. We also found that Nrf2 might be a direct target for the action of Aucubin, whose activation was necessary for Smad7 upregulation. In an in-vivo mouse model, Aucubin efficiency ameliorated the progression of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, and reduced the hepatic levels of collagen deposition, transaminase and inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Capable of inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells in vitro and in vivo, Aucubin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for liver fibrosis, which is dependent on the suppression of TGF-β signaling through stimulating Nrf2/Smad7 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - XiaoGuang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - HeMing Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongfeng Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130031, Jilin, China
| | - YuTong Dong
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - YingYu Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Geertsema S, Bourgonje AR, Fagundes RR, Gacesa R, Weersma RK, van Goor H, Mann GE, Dijkstra G, Faber KN. The NRF2/Keap1 pathway as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:830-842. [PMID: 37558549 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is an important pathophysiological mechanism in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, clinical trials investigating compounds directly targeting OS in IBD yielded mixed results. The NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2)/Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) pathway orchestrates cellular responses to OS, and dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in IBD. Activation of the NRF2/Keap1 pathway may enhance antioxidant responses. Although this approach could help to attenuate OS and potentially improve clinical outcomes, an overview of human evidence for modulating the NRF2/Keap1 axis and more recent developments in IBD is lacking. This review explores the NRF2/Keap1 pathway as potential therapeutic target in IBD and presents compounds activating this pathway for future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sem Geertsema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Arno R Bourgonje
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Raphael R Fagundes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ranko Gacesa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas N Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin Z, Li S, Xiao H, Xu Z, Li C, Zeng J, Wang S, Liu Z, Huang H. The degradation of TGR5 mediated by Smurf1 contributes to diabetic nephropathy. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112851. [PMID: 37481723 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The multiple roles of TGR5 in the regulation of glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress have drawn attention as therapeutic candidates for diabetes-related kidney disease. However, diabetes induces downregulation of renal TGR5 protein expression, and the regulatory mechanisms have not been clarified. Here, we identify that Smurf1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a critical interactor of TGR5 and mediates the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TGR5 under high glucose stimulation in glomerular mesangial cells. Genetic deficiency of Smurf1 restores TGR5 protein expression and attenuates renal injuries in diabetic mice. Mechanistically, Smurf1 interacts with the TGR5 ICL2 region by its HECT domain and induces K11/K48-linked polyubiquitination of TGR5 at K306 residue. Moreover, restoration of TGR5 protects db/db mice from diabetic nephropathy. These observations elucidate the critical role of Smurf1 in regulating TGR5 stability, suggesting that pharmacological targeting of the interaction between Smurf1 and TGR5 could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy against diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Lin
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiming Xiao
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhanchi Xu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuting Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingran Zeng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaogui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong W, Wan J, Yu H, Shen B, Yang G, Nie Q, Tian Y, Qin L, Song C, Chen B, Li L, Hong S. Nrf2 protects against methamphetamine-induced nephrotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and autophagy in mice. Toxicol Lett 2023; 384:136-148. [PMID: 37567421 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is a widely abused drug that can cause kidney damage. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor that regulates resistance to oxidative and proteotoxic stress. In this study, we investigated the role of Nrf2 in MA-induced renal injury in mice. Nrf2 was pharmacologically activated and genetically knocked-out in mice. The animal model of MA-induced nephrotoxicity was established by injecting MA (2 mg/kg) intraperitoneally twice a day for 5 days. Histopathological alterations were shown in the MA-exposed kidneys. MA significantly increased renal function biomarkers and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels. MA decreased superoxide dismutase activity and increased malondialdehyde levels. Autophagy-related factors (LC3 and Beclin 1) were elevated in MA-treated mice. Furthermore, Nrf2 increased in the MA-exposed kidneys. Activation of Nrf2 may attenuate histopathological changes in the kidneys of MA-treated mice. Pre-administration of Nrf2 agonist significantly decreased KIM-1 expression, oxidative stress, and autophagy in the kidneys after MA toxicity. In contrast, Nrf2 knockout mice treated with MA lost renal tubular morphology. Nrf2 deficiency increased KIM-1 expression, oxidative stress, and autophagy in the MA-exposed kidneys. Our results demonstrate that Nrf2 may protect against MA-induced nephrotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia Wan
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Hao Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Baoyu Shen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Genmeng Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qianyun Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Pathology Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Yan Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lixiang Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chunhui Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bingzheng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lihua Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Shijun Hong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Akhouri V, Majumder S, Gaikwad AB. The emerging insight into E3 ligases as the potential therapeutic target for diabetic kidney disease. Life Sci 2023; 321:121643. [PMID: 36997061 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major diabetic complication and global health concern, occurring in nearly 30 % to 40 % of people with diabetes. Importantly, several therapeutic strategies are being used against DKD; however, available treatments are not uniformly effective and the continuous rise in the prevalence of DKD demands more potential therapeutic approaches or targets. Epigenetic modifiers are regarded for their potential therapeutic effects against DKD. E3 ligases are such epigenetic modifier that regulates the target gene expression by attaching ubiquitin to the histone protein. In recent years, the E3 ligases came up as a potential therapeutic target as it selectively attaches ubiquitin to the substrate proteins in the ubiquitination cascade and modulates cellular homeostasis. The E3 ligases are also actively involved in DKD by regulating the expression of several proteins involved in the proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways. Burgeoning reports suggest that several E3 ligases such as TRIM18 (tripartite motif 18), Smurf1 (Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1), and NEDD4-2 (neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4-2) are involved in kidney epithelial-mesenchymal transition, inflammation, and fibrosis by regulating respective signaling pathways. However, the various signaling pathways that are regulated by different E3 ligases in the progression of DKD are poorly understood. In this review, we have discussed E3 ligases as potential therapeutic target for DKD. Moreover, different signaling pathways regulated by E3 ligases in the progression of DKD have also been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Akhouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Boghdeh NA, McGraw B, Barrera MD, Anderson C, Baha H, Risner KH, Ogungbe IV, Alem F, Narayanan A. Inhibitors of the Ubiquitin-Mediated Signaling Pathway Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activities against New World Alphaviruses. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030655. [PMID: 36992362 PMCID: PMC10059822 DOI: 10.3390/v15030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New World alphaviruses including Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV) and Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus (EEEV) are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause disease in humans and equines. There are currently no FDA-approved therapeutics or vaccines to treat or prevent exposure-associated encephalitic disease. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS)-associated signaling events are known to play an important role in the establishment of a productive infection for several acutely infectious viruses. The critical engagement of the UPS-associated signaling mechanisms by many viruses as host–pathogen interaction hubs led us to hypothesize that small molecule inhibitors that interfere with these signaling pathways will exert broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against alphaviruses. We queried eight inhibitors of the UPS signaling pathway for antiviral outcomes against VEEV. Three of the tested inhibitors, namely NSC697923 (NSC), bardoxolone methyl (BARM) and omaveloxolone (OMA) demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against VEEV and EEEV. Dose dependency and time of addition studies suggest that BARM and OMA exhibit intracellular and post-entry viral inhibition. Cumulatively, our studies indicate that inhibitors of the UPS-associated signaling pathways exert broad-spectrum antiviral outcomes in the context of VEEV and EEEV infection, supporting their translational application as therapeutic candidates to treat alphavirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar A. Boghdeh
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Brittany McGraw
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Michael D. Barrera
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Carol Anderson
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Haseebullah Baha
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Risner
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Ifedayo V. Ogungbe
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Farhang Alem
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- School of Systems Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Aarthi Narayanan
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fibrosis: Types, Effects, Markers, Mechanisms for Disease Progression, and Its Relation with Oxidative Stress, Immunity, and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044004. [PMID: 36835428 PMCID: PMC9963026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Most chronic inflammatory illnesses include fibrosis as a pathogenic characteristic. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components build up in excess to cause fibrosis or scarring. The fibrotic process finally results in organ malfunction and death if it is severely progressive. Fibrosis affects nearly all tissues of the body. The fibrosis process is associated with chronic inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling, where the balance between the oxidant and antioxidant systems appears to be a key modulator in managing these processes. Virtually every organ system, including the lungs, heart, kidney, and liver, can be affected by fibrosis, which is characterized as an excessive accumulation of connective tissue components. Organ malfunction is frequently caused by fibrotic tissue remodeling, which is also frequently linked to high morbidity and mortality. Up to 45% of all fatalities in the industrialized world are caused by fibrosis, which can damage any organ. Long believed to be persistently progressing and irreversible, fibrosis has now been revealed to be a very dynamic process by preclinical models and clinical studies in a variety of organ systems. The pathways from tissue damage to inflammation, fibrosis, and/or malfunction are the main topics of this review. Furthermore, the fibrosis of different organs with their effects was discussed. Finally, we highlight many of the principal mechanisms of fibrosis. These pathways could be considered as promising targets for the development of potential therapies for a variety of important human diseases.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang R, Guo Y, Zong S, Ma Z, Wang Z, Zhao J, Yang J, Li L, Chen C, Wang S. Bardoxolone methyl ameliorates osteoarthritis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and protecting the extracellular matrix against degradation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13080. [PMID: 36798782 PMCID: PMC9925876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative damage are closely related to the development of osteoarthritis. Bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-Me), a semisynthetic oleanane triterpenoid, plays a strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role. The purpose of our research was to explore fundamental mechanisms of CDDO-Me in orthopaedics development. The results showed that CDDO-Me inhibited nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways and inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation and excess ROS production. In vivo, CDDO-Me significantly attenuated articular cartilage proteoglycan loss and the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in a destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model of OA. Taken together, these data demonstrate that CDDO-Me inhibits osteoclastogenesis and ECM degradation, underscoring its potential therapeutic value in treating OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijia Yang
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province (The First People's Hospital of Honghe State), Mengzi, China
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sujing Zong
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhou Ma
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiyu Zhao
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinmei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province (The First People's Hospital of Honghe State), Mengzi, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chongwei Chen
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Corresponding authors. Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,Corresponding authors. Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wei H, Li D, Luo Y, Wang Y, Lin E, Wei X. Aluminum exposure induces nephrotoxicity via fibrosis and apoptosis through the TGF-β1/Smads pathway in vivo and in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114422. [PMID: 36521267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al), the most common element in nature, can enter the body through various routes. Unfortunately, excessive accumulation of Al in the body can cause chronic toxicity. In this study, rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups and intraperitoneally injected with AlCl3 solution at 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/(kg·d), respectively, for 4 weeks. The kidney function of rats and Al contents in the kidney were measured, and the pathological structural changes and apoptosis of the kidney were observed. Meanwhile, the expression of fibrosis- and apoptosis-related proteins was detected with western blot. For the in vitro assay, HK-2 cells were used to construct a model to evaluate the effects of Al exposure on cell viability, cell apoptosis, and the expression of fibrosis- and apoptosis-related proteins. Additionally, the TGF-β1/Smads pathway was also altered in HK-2 cells, followed by the measurement of changes in apoptosis and fibrosis-related proteins. The results revealed that Al could accumulate in kidney tissues, then leading to histopathological changes and kidney function impairment, promoting renal tubular cell apoptosis and renal collagen fiber deposition, and also elevating the expression of TGF-β1/Smads pathway-related proteins. In vitro experiments also exhibited that Al exposure increased apoptosis and the expression of fibrosis-related factors in HK-2 cells, accompanied by activation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway. Further modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway manifested that activation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway facilitated Al-induced apoptosis and fibrosis-related factor expression, while inhibition of the pathway negated this effect of Al. In conclusion, the findings of the present study illustrate that Al exposure damages kidney function and facilitate apoptosis and kidney fibrosis, which may be achieved through the activation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the study of nephrotoxicity induced by excessive Al exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yueling Luo
- Department of Health Supervision Center, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yingchuan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China
| | - Erbing Lin
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Health Supervision Center, Affiliated Hospital of YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Zhongshan No 2 Road 18, Baise 533000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu T, Gu J, Yuan Y, Yang Q, Zheng PF, Shan C, Wang F, Li H, Xie XQ, Chen XH, Ouyang Q. Discovery of a pyrano[2,3-b]pyridine derivative YX-2102 as a cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist for alleviating lung fibrosis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:565. [PMID: 36474298 PMCID: PMC9724349 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological modulation of cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) is a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Thus, to develop CB2R selective ligands with new chemical space has attracted much research interests. This work aims to discover a novel CB2R agonist from an in-house library, and to evaluate its therapeutic effects on PF model, as well as to disclose the pharmacological mechanism. METHODS Virtual screening was used to identify the candidate ligand for CB2R from a newly established in-house library. Both in vivo experiments on PF rat model and in vitro experiments on cells were performed to investigate the therapeutic effects of the lead compound and underlying mechanism. RESULTS A "natural product-like" pyrano[2,3-b]pyridine derivative, YX-2102 was identified that bound to CB2R with high affinity. Intraperitoneal YX-2102 injections significantly ameliorated lung injury, inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of PF induced by bleomycin (BLM). On one hand, YX-2102 inhibited inflammatory response at least partially through modulating macrophages polarization thereby exerting protective effects. Whereas, on the other hand, YX-2102 significantly upregulated CB2R expression in alveolar epithelial cells in vivo. Its pretreatment inhibited lung alveolar epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and PF model induced by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) via a CB2 receptor-dependent pathway. Further studies suggested that the Nrf2-Smad7 pathway might be involved in. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CB2R is a potential target for PF treatment and YX-2102 is a promising CB2R agonist with new chemical space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qunfang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Changyu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fangqin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi P, Zhan Z, Ye X, Lu Y, Song K, Sheng F, Shen H, Yin P. The antioxidative effects of empagliflozin on high glucose‑induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in peritoneal mesothelial cells via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1528-1542. [PMID: 36098217 PMCID: PMC9481091 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2118066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High glucose (HG)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and oxidative stress play an important role in peritoneal fibrosis, which could be regulated by the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether empagliflozin could inhibit HG-induced EMT and oxidative stress via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. We used HG-based peritoneal dialysis (PD) solution in rats and HG in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) to induce EMT in vivo and in vitro respectively. The peritoneal structure and function were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome staining, and the peritoneal equilibrium test. Oxidative stress was measured by assay kits. EMT was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The PD rats showed decreased ultrafiltration capacity and increased levels of oxidative stress. Histopathological analysis revealed markedly peritoneal thickening, excessive collagen deposition, increased expression of α-SMA, Collagen-I, and Fibronectin, and decreased expression of E‑cadherin. Empagliflozin significantly ameliorated the aforementioned changes. The protein expression levels of nuclear Nrf2 (N-Nrf2) and HO-1 increased in PD rats, which were further promoted by treatment with empagliflozin. In in vitro experiments, the EMT of HPMCs was induced with 60 mM glucose for 24 h and inhibited by empagliflozin. Empagliflozin suppressed oxidative stress and promoted the protein expression of N-Nrf2 and HO-1 in HG‑stimulated HPMCs, which was reversed by the Nrf2 inhibitor. In conclusion, empagliflozin exerted a protective effect against HG-induced EMT and suppressed oxidative stress in PMCs by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhoubing Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huaying Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China, Huaying Shen Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Jinchang, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiran Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,CONTACT Peiran Yin
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:182. [PMID: 35680856 PMCID: PMC9184651 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the driving force for the loss of nephron including tubules, glomerulus, and endothelium. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, and RAAS signaling involves in lipotoxicity. The upregulated Nox expression and the decreased Nrf2 expression result in oxidative stress directly. The injured renal resident cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit immune cells such as macrophages from bone marrow. NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and cGAS-STING signaling are major signaling pathways that mediate inflammation in inflammatory cells including immune cells and injured renal resident cells. The inflammatory cells produce and secret a great number of profibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β1, Wnt ligands, and angiotensin II. TGF-β signaling, Wnt signaling, RAAS signaling, and Notch signaling evoke the activation of myofibroblasts and promote the generation of ECM. The potential therapies targeted to these signaling pathways are also introduced here. In this review, we update the key signaling pathways of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and myofibroblasts activation in kidneys with chronic injury, and the targeted drugs based on the latest studies. Unifying these pathways and the targeted therapies will be instrumental to advance further basic and clinical investigation in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ben Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sulforaphane Enhanced Proliferation of Porcine Satellite Cells via Epigenetic Augmentation of SMAD7. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111365. [PMID: 35681828 PMCID: PMC9179638 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells take an indispensable place in skeletal muscle regeneration, maintenance, and growth. However, only limited works have investigated effects of dietary compounds on the proliferation of porcine satellite cells (PSCs) and related mechanisms. Sulforaphane (SFN) at multiple levels was applied to PSCs. The PSCs’ viability and HDAC activity were measured with a WST-1 cell proliferation kit and Color-de-Lys® HDAC colorimetric activity assay kit. Gene expression and epigenetics modification were tested with qRT-PCR, Western blot, bisulfite sequencing, and ChIP-qPCR. This study found that SFN enhanced PSC proliferation and altered mRNA expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors. In addition, SFN inhibited histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, disturbed mRNA levels of HDAC family members, and elevated acetylated histone H3 and H4 abundance in PSCs. Furthermore, both mRNA and protein levels of the Smad family member 7 (SMAD7) in PSCs were upregulated after SFN treatment. Finally, it was found that SFN increased the acetylation level of histone H4 in the SMAD7 promoter, decreased the expression of microRNAs, including ssc-miR-15a, ssc-miR-15b, ssc-miR-92a, ssc-miR-17-5p, ssc-miR-20a-5p, and ssc-miR-106a, targeting SMAD7, but did not impact on the SMAD7 promoter’s methylation status in PSCs. In summary, SFN was found to boost PSC proliferation and epigenetically increase porcine SMAD7 expression, which indicates a potential application of SFN in modulation of skeletal muscle growth.
Collapse
|
27
|
The Beneficial Effects of Chinese Herbal Monomers on Ameliorating Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Nrf2 Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3959390. [PMID: 35656019 PMCID: PMC9155920 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3959390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the main factor responsible for poor prognosis and survival in patients with diabetes. The highly complex pathogenesis of DCM involves multiple signaling pathways, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) seems essential to the amelioration of the progression of DCM, not only through counterbalancing oxidative stress, but also through interacting with other signaling pathways to combat inflammation, the disorder in energy homeostasis and insulin signaling, and fibrosis. It has been evidenced that Chinese herbal monomers could attenuate DCM through the crosstalk of Nrf2 with other signaling pathways. This article has summarized the pathogenesis of DCM (especially in oxidative stress), the beneficial effects of ameliorating DCM via the Nrf2 signaling pathway and its crosstalk, and examples of Chinese herbal monomers. It will facilitate pharmacological research and development to promote the utilization of traditional Chinese medicine in DCM.
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu J, Wu Z, Liu Y, Zhan Z, Yang L, Wang C, Jiang Q, Ran H, Li P, Wang Z. ROS-responsive liposomes as an inhaled drug delivery nanoplatform for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatment via Nrf2 signaling. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:213. [PMID: 35524280 PMCID: PMC9074278 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic disease with pathophysiological characteristics of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced excessive fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and extracellular matrix deposition. Macrophages are closely involved in the development of fibrosis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key molecule regulating ROS and TGF-β expression. Therefore, Nrf2 signaling modulation might be a promising therapy for fibrosis. The inhalation-based drug delivery can reduce systemic side effects and improve therapeutic effects, and is currently receiving increasing attention, but direct inhaled drugs are easily cleared and difficult to exert their efficacy. Therefore, we aimed to design a ROS-responsive liposome for the Nrf2 agonist dimethyl fumarate (DMF) delivery in the fibrotic lung. Moreover, we explored its therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis and macrophage activation. Results We synthesized DMF-loaded ROS-responsive DSPE-TK-PEG@DMF liposomes (DTP@DMF NPs). DTP@DMF NPs had suitable size and negative zeta potential and excellent capability to rapidly release DMF in a high-ROS environment. We found that macrophage accumulation and polarization were closely related to fibrosis development, while DTP@DMF NPs could attenuate macrophage activity and fibrosis in mice. RAW264.7 and NIH-3T3 cells coculture revealed that DTP@DMF NPs could promote Nrf2 and downstream heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and suppress TGF-β and ROS production in macrophages, thereby reducing fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and collagen production by NIH-3T3 cells. In vivo experiments confirmed the above findings. Compared with direct DMF instillation, DTP@DMF NPs treatment presented enhanced antifibrotic effect. DTP@DMF NPs also had a prolonged residence time in the lung as well as excellent biocompatibility. Conclusions DTP@DMF NPs can reduce macrophage-mediated fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and extracellular matrix deposition to attenuate lung fibrosis by upregulating Nrf2 signaling. This ROS-responsive liposome is clinically promising as an ideal delivery system for inhaled drug delivery. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01435-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuohong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yu XY, Sun Q, Zhang YM, Zou L, Zhao YY. TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860588. [PMID: 35401211 PMCID: PMC8987592 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was a major public health problem worldwide. Renal fibrosis, especially tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is final manifestation of CKD. Many studies have demonstrated that TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway plays a crucial role in renal fibrosis. Therefore, targeted inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway can be used as a potential therapeutic measure for tubulointerstitial fibrosis. At present, a variety of targeting TGF-β1 and its downstream Smad proteins have attracted attention. Natural products used as potential therapeutic strategies for tubulointerstitial fibrosis have the characteristics of acting on multiple targets by multiple components and few side effects. With the continuous research and technique development, more and more molecular mechanisms of natural products have been revealed, and there are many natural products that inhibited tubulointerstitial fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This review summarized the role of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in tubulointerstitial fibrosis and natural products against tubulointerstitial fibrosis by targeting TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Additionally, many challenges and opportunities are presented for inhibiting renal fibrosis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhang
- Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Ying-Yong Zhao,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao W, Guo L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Xia S, Gong H, Zhang BK, Yan M. Dissecting the Crosstalk Between Nrf2 and NF-κB Response Pathways in Drug-Induced Toxicity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:809952. [PMID: 35186957 PMCID: PMC8847224 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.809952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 and NF-κB are important regulators of the response to oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. Previous pharmacological and genetic studies have confirmed crosstalk between the two. The deficiency of Nrf2 elevates the expression of NF-κB, leading to increased production of inflammatory factors, while NF-κB can affect the expression of downstream target genes by regulating the transcription and activity of Nrf2. At the same time, many therapeutic drug-induced organ toxicities, including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, dermal toxicity, and neurotoxicity, have received increasing attention from researchers in clinical practice. Drug-induced organ injury can destroy body function, reduce the patients’ quality of life, and even threaten the lives of patients. Therefore, it is urgent to find protective drugs to ameliorate drug-induced injury. There is substantial evidence that protective medications can alleviate drug-induced organ toxicity by modulating both Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, it has become increasingly important to explore the crosstalk mechanism between Nrf2 and NF-κB in drug-induced toxicity. In this review, we summarize the potential molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways and the important effects on adverse effects including toxic reactions and look forward to finding protective drugs that can target the crosstalk between the two.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bi-Kui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Miao Yan,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yan X, Shen Z, Yu D, Zhao C, Zou H, Ma B, Dong W, Chen W, Huang D, Yu Z. Nrf2 contributes to the benefits of exercise interventions on age-related skeletal muscle disorder via regulating Drp1 stability and mitochondrial fission. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:59-75. [PMID: 34823019 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, also known as sarcopenia, underlies disability, increasing adverse outcomes and poor quality of life in older people. Exercise interventions are commonly recommended as the primary treatment for sarcopenia. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, mitochondrial function, and the ROS-dependent adaptations of skeletal muscle, as the response to exercise. To investigate the contribution of Nrf2 to the benefits of exercise interventions in older age, aged (∼22 month old) Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2-KO) mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL6/J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (sedentary or exercise group). We found that exercise interventions improved skeletal muscle function and restored the sarcopenia-like phenotype in WT mice, accompanied with the increasing mRNA level of Nrf2. While these alternations were minimal in Nrf2-KO mice after exercise. Further studies indicated that Nrf2 could increase the stability of Drp1 through deubiquitinating and promote Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission to attenuate mitochondrial disorder. We also observed the effects of sulforaphane (SFN), a Nrf2 activator, in restoring mitochondrial function in senescent C2C12 cells and improving sarcopenia in older WT mice, which were abolished by Nrf2 deficiency. These results indicated that some benefits of exercise intervention to skeletal muscle were Nrf2 mediated, and a future work should focus on Nrf2 signaling to identify a pharmacological treatment for sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xialin Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zile Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingye Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongke Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingwei Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxi Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu Z, Ramirez A, Liu X. Live Cell Imaging of Spatiotemporal Ca 2+ Fluctuation Responses to Anticancer Drugs. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2488:227-236. [PMID: 35347692 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2277-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic triterpenoids, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) and its derivatives are known to have potent anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The mechanisms of actions of CDDO and its derivatives as potential therapeutics remain elusive. Previous studies found that CDDO-Me triggers apoptosis by inducing extracellular Ca2+ influx followed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived vacuolation. Since Ca2+ activity in cells is dynamic and needs to be tracked in real time in living cells, we report a high-throughput and high-content imaging method to track CDDO-induced Ca2+ fluctuation in both ER and cytosol with MATLAB script for data analysis and visualization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Adrian Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhu X, Jiang L, Long M, Wei X, Hou Y, Du Y. Metabolic Reprogramming and Renal Fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:746920. [PMID: 34859009 PMCID: PMC8630632 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.746920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several causes of chronic kidney disease, but all of these patients have renal fibrosis. Although many studies have examined the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, there are still no effective treatments. A healthy and balanced metabolism is necessary for normal cell growth, proliferation, and function, but metabolic abnormalities can lead to pathological changes. Normal energy metabolism is particularly important for maintaining the structure and function of the kidneys because they consume large amounts of energy. We describe the metabolic reprogramming that occurs during renal fibrosis, which includes changes in fatty acid metabolism and glucose metabolism, and the relationship of these changes with renal fibrosis. We also describe the potential role of novel drugs that disrupt this metabolic reprogramming and the development of fibrosis, and current and future challenges in the treatment of fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Physical Examination Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengtuan Long
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuejiao Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yujun Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fatty acid nitroalkene reversal of established lung fibrosis. Redox Biol 2021; 50:102226. [PMID: 35150970 PMCID: PMC8844680 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis occurs in response to dysregulated metabolism, pro-inflammatory signaling and tissue repair reactions. For example, lungs exposed to environmental toxins, cancer therapies, chronic inflammation and other stimuli manifest a phenotypic shift to activated myofibroblasts and progressive and often irreversible lung tissue scarring. There are no therapies that stop or reverse fibrosis. The 2 FDA-approved anti-fibrotic drugs at best only slow the progression of fibrosis in humans. The present study was designed to test whether a small molecule electrophilic nitroalkene, nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA), could reverse established pulmonary fibrosis induced by the intratracheal administration of bleomycin in C57BL/6 mice. After 14 d of bleomycin-induced fibrosis development in vivo, lungs were removed, sectioned and precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from control and bleomycin-treated mice were cultured ex vivo for 4 d with either vehicle or NO2-OA (5 μM). Biochemical and morphological analyses showed that over a 4 d time frame, NO2-OA significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory mediator and growth factor expression and reversed key indices of fibrosis (hydroxyproline, collagen 1A1 and 3A1, fibronectin-1). Quantitative image analysis of PCLS immunohistology reinforced these observations, revealing that NO2-OA suppressed additional hallmarks of the fibrotic response, including alveolar epithelial cell loss, myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation, collagen and α-smooth muscle actin expression. NO2-OA also accelerated collagen degradation by resident macrophages. These effects occurred in the absence of the recognized NO2-OA modulation of circulating and migrating immune cell activation. Thus, small molecule nitroalkenes may be useful agents for reversing pathogenic fibrosis of lung and other organs. Small molecule electrophiles, pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drugs. NO2-OA inhibits activated myofibroblasts, induces dedifferentiation to fibroblasts. NO2-OA activates extracellular matrix degradation by macrophages. NO2-OA promotes proliferation of alveolar type 1 and 2 epithelial cells. NO2-OA reverses established lung fibrosis in murine lung slices.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cho SS, Lee JH, Kim KM, Park EY, Ku SK, Cho IJ, Yang JH, Ki SH. REDD1 attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis via inhibiting of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:246-256. [PMID: 34614448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by repetitive hepatic injury. Regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) gene is induced by various stresses and has been studied in cell proliferation and survival. However, the role of REDD1 in hepatic stellate cell activation and hepatic fibrogenesis has not yet been investigated. In the current study, we examined the effect of REDD1 on hepatic fibrogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanism. REDD1 protein was upregulated in the activated primary hepatic stellate cells and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-treated LX-2 cells. REDD1 mRNA levels were also elevated by TGF-β treatment. TGF-β signaling is primarily transduced via the activation of the Smad transcription factor. However, TGF-β-mediated REDD1 induction was not Smad-dependent. Thus, we investigated the transcription factors that influence the REDD1 expression by TGF-β. We found that c-JUN, a component of AP-1, upregulated the REDD1 expression that was specifically suppressed by p38 inhibitor. In silico analysis of the REDD1 promoter region showed putative AP-1-binding sites; additionally, its deletion mutants demonstrated that the AP-1-binding site between -716 and -587 bp within the REDD1 promoter is critical for TGF-β-mediated REDD1 induction. Moreover, REDD1 overexpression markedly inhibited TGF-β-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression and Smad phosphorylation. REDD1 adenovirus infection inhibited CCl4-induced hepatic injury in mice, which was demonstrated by reduced ALT/AST levels and collagen accumulation. In addition, we observed that REDD1 inhibited CCl4-induced fibrogenic gene induction and restored GSH and malondialdehyde levels. Our findings implied that REDD1 has the potential to inhibit HSC activation and protect against liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Seok Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Je Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeollanam-do, 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shu G, Yusuf A, Dai C, Sun H, Deng X. Piperine inhibits AML-12 hepatocyte EMT and LX-2 HSC activation and alleviates mouse liver fibrosis provoked by CCl 4: roles in the activation of the Nrf2 cascade and subsequent suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad axis. Food Funct 2021; 12:11686-11703. [PMID: 34730139 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Piperine (PIP) is an alkaloid derived from peppercorns. Herein, we assessed its effects on hepatocyte EMT and HSC activation in vitro and CCl4-elicited liver fibrosis in mice. Further experiments were performed to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective activity of PIP. We found that PIP inhibited TGF-β1-provoked AML-12 hepatocyte EMT and LX-2 HSC activation. Mechanistically, in AML-12 and LX-2 cells, PIP evoked Nrf2 nuclear translocation and increased transcriptions of Nrf2-responsive antioxidative genes. These events decreased TGF-β1-induced production of ROS. Moreover, PIP increased the expression of Smad7, suppressed phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3, and decreased the transcriptions of Smad2/3-downstream genes. Knockdown of Nrf2 abrogated the protective activity of PIP against TGF-β1. Modulatory effects of PIP on the TGF-β1/Smad cascade were also crippled, which suggested that activation of Nrf2 played critical roles in the regulatory effects of PIP on TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Experiments in vivo unveiled that PIP ameliorated mouse liver fibrosis provoked by CCl4. PIP modulated the intrahepatic contents of the markers of EMT and HSC activation. In mouse livers, PIP activated Nrf2 signaling and reduced Smad2/3-dependent gene transcriptions. Our findings collectively suggested PIP as a new chemical entity with the capacity of alleviating liver fibrosis. The activation of the Nrf2 cascade and subsequent suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad axis are implicated in the hepatoprotective activity of PIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Arslan Yusuf
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Chenxi Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bi L, Huang Y, Li J, Yang X, Hou G, Zhai P, Zhang Q, Alhaji AA, Yang Y, Liu B. Pirfenidone Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis through Inhibiting miR-21. Nephron Clin Pract 2021; 146:110-120. [PMID: 34724669 DOI: 10.1159/000519495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies had shown pirfenidone (PFD) not only improved tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) but also inhibited the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the renal tissue of unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO) rats. This study aims to investigate whether PFD can attenuate TIF through inhibiting miR-21 in UUO rats. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into sham-operated group, UUO group, and PFD and olmesartan (Olm) treatment groups. Samples were collected on day 14. Expression of miR-21, TGF-β1, Smad3, and Smad7 mRNA in the renal tissue was detected using real-time quantitative PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the protein expressions of collagen III, E-cadherin, and α-SMA. Automated capillary Western blotting was used to detect the quantitative expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, p-Smad3, Smad7, collagen III, E-cadherin, and α-SMA in renal tissues. The expression of miR-21 and Smad7 mRNA and the protein levels of collagen III and α-SMA were examined in the miR-21-overexpressing cell line, NRK-52E. RESULTS Compared with the UUO group, both PFD and Olm inhibited renal tubular dilation, diffused epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis, and reduced renal interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen fiber deposition, while no significant difference between PFD group and Olm group. Informatics-based approaches identified Smad7 as a likely candidate for regulation by miR-21. Compared with the sham group, miR-21 expression was upregulated in the UUO group resulting in the downregulation of Smad7 expression due to degradation. The overexpression of miR-21 in the in vitro model downregulated Smad7 and promoted EMT and ECM accumulation. Protein levels of TGF-β1, Smad3, p-Smad3, collagen III, and α-SMA were upregulated, while E-cadherin protein was downregulated in the UUO group than in the sham group. PFD rather than Olm decreased the expression of miR-21 and increased the expression level of Smad7 mRNA and then inhibited the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Olm only downregulated the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS PFD improves TIF by downregulating the expression of miR-21, then elevating Smad7, and finally inhibiting the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in UUO rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Bi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gailing Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Panpan Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Yueli Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA and School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Catalpol alleviates Ang II-induced renal injury through NF/κB pathway and TGF-β1/Smads pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:e116-e121. [PMID: 34654783 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside obtained from Rehmannia glutinosa, which in previous studies showed various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor and dopaminergic neurons protecting effects. Here, we examined the effect of catalpol on AngII-induced renal injury induced by angiotensin II (AngII), and further to explore its latent molecular mechanisms. We used an in vivo model of AngII-induced renal injury mice, catalpol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was administered for 28 days. Mouse glomerular mesangial cells (SV40 MES 13), rat kidney interstitial fibroblasts cells (NRK-49F), and human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were induced by AngII (10 µM) in the presence or absence of catalpol (1, 5, and 10 µM) and incubated for 48 h in vitro. In our study, PAS and masson staining of renal tissue showed that catalpol reduced AngII-induced renal injury in a concentration-dependent manner. The positive expressions of Collagen IV and TGF-β1 were observed to decrease sharply after catalpol treatment. In renal tissue, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were evidently decreased after catalpol intervention. Catalpol can relieve AngII-induced renal injury by inactivating NF/κB and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathways. Therefore, catalpol may act as a potential drug to treat AngII-induced renal injury.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang J, Xiang H, Lu Y, Wu T, Ji G. New progress in drugs treatment of diabetic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111918. [PMID: 34328095 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is not only one of the main complications of diabetes, but also the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The occurrence and development of DKD have always been a serious clinical problem that leads to the increase of morbidity and mortality and the severe damage to the quality of life of human beings. Controlling blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids, and improving lifestyle can help slow the progress of DKD. In recent years, with the extensive research on the pathological mechanism and molecular mechanism of DKD, there are more and more new drugs based on this, such as new hypoglycemic drugs sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibitors, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors with good efficacy in clinical treatment. Besides, there are some newly developed drugs, including protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitors, aldosterone receptor inhibitors, endothelin receptor (ETR) inhibitors, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) inhibitors, Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors and so on, which show positive effects in animal or clinical trials and bring hope for the treatment of DKD. In this review, we sort out the progress in the treatment of DKD in recent years, the research status of some emerging drugs, and the potential drugs for the treatment of DKD in the future, hoping to provide some directions for clinical treatment of DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongjiao Xiang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhu Y, Wang L, Yu X, Jiang S, Wang X, Xing Y, Guo S, Liu Y, Liu J. Cr(VI) promotes tight joint and oxidative damage by activating the Nrf2/ROS/Notch1 axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:103640. [PMID: 33757840 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether Cr(VI) induced tight joint and oxidative damage in the small intestine, as mediated by the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Notch1 axis crosstalk. Thirty-two ICR mice were obtained and subjected to Cr(VI) via intragastric administration daily for 5 days. Western blot (WB) analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were applied to detect small intestinal damage, Nrf2, Notch1, and respective downstream targets in this research. Results showed that Cr(VI) led to the tight joint and oxidative damage in the small intestine of mice. Nrf2 was stimulated, and Notch1 (Notch intracellular domain, NICD1) was activated to translocate into the nucleus and activate an antioxidant action. These findings were validated by WB analysis and IF staining. ROS levels increased as the Cr(VI) concentration increased. The colocalization analysis of Nrf2 and NICD1 implied that a crosstalk between Nrf2 and Notch1 existed. Therefore, this study indicated that the Nrf2/ROS/Notch1 axis crosstalk could aggravate the tight joint and oxidative damage in the small intestine after Cr(VI) treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Lumei Wang
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, China
| | - Sha Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaozhou Wang
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yuxiao Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shuhua Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai`an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li L, Lee J, Cho A, Kim JH, Ju W, An JN, Park JH, Zhu SM, Lee J, Yu SS, Lim CS, Kim DK, Kim YS, Yang SH, Lee JP. cMet agonistic antibody prevents acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition by suppressing Smurf1 and activating Smad7. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1427-1444. [PMID: 34061176 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of cMet agonistic antibody (cMet Ab) in preventing kidney fibrosis during acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition. Additionally, we explored the effect of cMet Ab on TGF-β1/Smad pathway during the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. A unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) mouse model was established to induce AKI-to-CKD transition. Furthermore, we incubated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (hPTECs) under hypoxic conditions as in vitro model of kidney fibrosis. We analyzed the soluble plasma cMet level in patients with AKI requiring dialysis. Patients who did not recover kidney function and progressed to CKD presented a higher increase in the cMet level. The kidneys of mice treated with cMet Ab showed fewer contractions and weighed more than the controls. The mice in the cMet Ab-treated group showed reduced fibrosis and significantly decreased expression of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin. cMet Ab treatment decreased inflammatory markers (MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β) expression, reduced Smurf1 and Smad2/3 level, and increased Smad7 expressions. cMet Ab treatment increased cMet expression and reduced the hypoxia-induced increase in collagen-1 and ICAM-1 expression, thereby reducing apoptosis in the in vitro cell model. After cMet Ab treatment, hypoxia-induced expression of Smurf1, Smad2/3, and TGF-β1 was reduced, and suppressed Smad7 was activated. Down-regulation of Smurf1 resulted in suppression of hypoxia-induced fibronectin expression, whereas treatment with cMet Ab showed synergistic effects. cMet Ab can successfully prevent fibrosis response in UIRI models of kidney fibrosis by decreasing inflammatory response and inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonmin Ju
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nam An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Mao Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghun Lee
- R&D Center of Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center of Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Kidney Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Kidney Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR, Khalaf MM, Shalkami AGS, Sayed AM, Hemeida RAM. Diallyl disulfide ameliorates methotrexate-induced nephropathy in rats: Molecular studies and network pharmacology analysis. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13765. [PMID: 33997994 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a promising chemotherapeutic agent. Its medical use is limited by induced nephropathy. Our study was designed to explore the reno-protective effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organosulfur compound of garlic oil, on MTX-induced nephropathy. Adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; normal control, DADS (50 mg kg-1 day-1 , p.o.), MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and DADS+MTX. DADS significantly decreased serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, and albumin levels with an improvement of final body weight. Additionally, DADS markedly attenuated MTX-induced elevations in renal MDA and NO 2 - contents with an increase in GSH content and SOD activity. Mechanistically, DADS effectively down-regulated mRNA expression level of renal p38 and NF-κB. Additionally, DADS positively regulated the NRF2 gene with a remarkable inhibition of Keap-1 gene. Furthermore, DADS up-regulated BCL2 protein and remarkably suppressed the expression of both BAX and caspase-3 proteins. Overall, DADS has favorable renal protection against MTX-induced nephropathy via modulation of Keap-1/NRF2, p38/NF-κB, and BCL2/BAX/caspase-3 signaling. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diallyl disulfide is one of the organosulfur compounds of garlic oil. Our study demonstrated that DADS substantially alleviated the decline of kidney function and renal injury induced by MTX. The antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties may constitute an important part of its therapeutic applications via regulation of p38/NF-κB, Keap-1/NRF2, and BCL2/BAX/caspase-3 signaling pathways. Therefore, DADS could be a potential therapeutic adjunct in cancer chemotherapy to decrease the associated side effects of MTX. It should be further explored clinically as a protective agent for MTX-treated cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Deraya University, Menia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty MF, Barroso-Aranda J, Assanga S, Lujan LML, O'Keefe JH. A nutraceutical strategy for downregulating TGFβ signalling: prospects for prevention of fibrotic disorders, including post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. Open Heart 2021; 8:openhrt-2021-001663. [PMID: 33879509 PMCID: PMC8061562 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | - Simon Assanga
- Department of Research and Postgraduate Studies in Food, University of Sonora, Sonora, Mexico
| | | | - James H O'Keefe
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Saint Lukes Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhan X, Li J, Zhou T. Targeting Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response Signaling Pathways as New Therapeutic Strategy for Pituitary Adenomas. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:565748. [PMID: 33841137 PMCID: PMC8024532 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.565748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and oxidative damage are the common pathophysiological characteristics in pituitary adenomas (PAs), which have been confirmed with many omics studies in PA tissues and cell/animal experimental studies. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the core of oxidative stress response, is an oxidative stress sensor. Nrf2 is synthesized and regulated by multiple factors, including Keap1, ERK1/2, ERK5, JNK1/2, p38 MAPK, PKC, PI3K/AKT, and ER stress, in the cytoplasm. Under the oxidative stress status, Nrf2 quickly translocates from cytoplasm into the nucleus and binds to antioxidant response element /electrophile responsive element to initiate the expressions of antioxidant genes, phases I and II metabolizing enzymes, phase III detoxifying genes, chaperone/stress response genes, and ubiquitination/proteasomal degradation proteins. Many Nrf2 or Keap1 inhibitors have been reported as potential anticancer agents for different cancers. However, Nrf2 inhibitors have not been studied as potential anticancer agents for PAs. We recommend the emphasis on in-depth studies of Nrf2 signaling and potential therapeutic agents targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways as new therapeutic strategies for PAs. Also, the use of Nrf2 inhibitors targeting Nrf2 signaling in combination with ERK inhibitors plus p38 activators or JNK activators targeting MAPK signaling pathways, or drugs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction pathway might produce better anti-tumor effects on PAs. This perspective article reviews the advances in oxidative stress and Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response signaling pathways in pituitary tumorigenesis, and the potential of targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways as a new therapeutic strategy for PAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhao X, Wang S, Li X, Liu H, Xu S. Cadmium exposure induces TNF-α-mediated necroptosis via FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway in swine myocardium. Toxicology 2021; 453:152733. [PMID: 33626375 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one common environmental pollutant with systemic toxicity. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) can regulate transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway and alleviate tissue injury via binding to formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2). The activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway can promote the occurence of necroptosis. However, whether Cd exposure induces necroptosis in swine myocardium and the role of FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway in this process are unclear. Hence, we established Cd-exposed swine myocardial injury model by feeding a CdCl2 added diet (20 mg Cd/kg diet). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the morphological changes, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was performed to detect the levels of ion elements in myocardium. We further detected LXA4 and its receptor FPR2, TGF-β, Nrf2, NF-κB pathway and necroptosis related-genes expressions by RT-PCR and western blot. The results showed that Cd exposure induced necrotic cell death and ion homeostasis imbalance in swine myocardium. Moreover, Cd exposure increased the LXA4 content, inhibited the FPR2 expression, activated TGF-β pathway and suppressed Nrf2 pathway, activating the NF-κB pathway. In addition, Cd exposure increased the expressions of necroptosis related-genes TNF-α, TNFR1, RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL. It indicated Cd exposure induced necroptosis via FPR2/TGF-β/NF-κB pathway, revealing the potential mechanism of Cd-induced cardiotoxicity in swine myocardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Petreski T, Piko N, Ekart R, Hojs R, Bevc S. Review on Inflammation Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:182. [PMID: 33670423 PMCID: PMC7917900 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the major health problems of the modern age. It represents an important public health challenge with an ever-lasting rising prevalence, which reached almost 700 million by the year 2017. Therefore, it is very important to identify patients at risk for CKD development and discover risk factors that cause the progression of the disease. Several studies have tackled this conundrum in recent years, novel markers have been identified, and new insights into the pathogenesis of CKD have been gained. This review summarizes the evidence on markers of inflammation and their role in the development and progression of CKD. It will focus primarily on cytokines, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. Nevertheless, further large, multicenter studies are needed to establish the role of these markers and confirm possible treatment options in everyday clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadej Petreski
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.P.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Piko
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.P.); (R.H.)
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Robert Ekart
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Radovan Hojs
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.P.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Sebastjan Bevc
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.P.); (R.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu M, Li S, Wang J, Huang S, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Gu W, Yu X, Jia Z. Cilomilast Ameliorates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting the TGF-β1-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:626140. [PMID: 33553218 PMCID: PMC7859332 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.626140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the key pathological feature in chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) with no satisfactory therapies in clinic. Cilomilast is a second-generation, selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, but its role in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD remains unclear. Material and Methods: Cilomilast was applied to the mice with unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO) and renal fibroblast cells (NRK-49F) stimulated by TGF-β1. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation after UUO or TGF-β1 stimulation were examined by histology, Western blotting, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. KIM-1 and NGAL were detected to evaluate tubular injury in UUO mice. Results:In vivo, immunohistochemistry and western blot data demonstrated that cilomilast treatment inhibited extracellular matrix deposition, profibrotic gene expression, and the inflammatory response. Furthermore, cilomilast prevented tubular injury in UUO mice, as manifested by reduced expression of KIM-1 and NGAL in the kidney. In vitro, cilomilast attenuated the activation of fibroblast cells stimulated by TGF-β1, as shown by the reduced expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Cilomilast also inhibited the activation of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling in TGF-β1-treated fibroblast cells. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that cilomilast is protective against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in CKD, possibly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling, indicating the translational potential of this drug in treating CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin YE, Lin CH, Ho EP, Ke YC, Petridi S, Elliott CJH, Sheen LY, Chien CT. Glial Nrf2 signaling mediates the neuroprotection exerted by Gastrodia elata Blume in Lrrk2-G2019S Parkinson's disease. eLife 2021; 10:73753. [PMID: 34779396 PMCID: PMC8660019 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequent missense mutations in familial Parkinson's disease (PD) occur in the highly conserved LRRK2/PARK8 gene with G2019S mutation. We previously established a fly model of PD carrying the LRRK2-G2019S mutation that exhibited the parkinsonism-like phenotypes. An herbal medicine, Gastrodia elata Blume (GE), has been reported to have neuroprotective effects in toxin-induced PD models. However, the underpinning molecular mechanisms of GE beneficiary to G2019S-induced PD remain unclear. Here, we show that these G2019S flies treated with water extracts of GE (WGE) and its bioactive compounds, gastrodin and 4-HBA, displayed locomotion improvement and dopaminergic neuron protection. WGE suppressed the accumulation and hyperactivation of G2019S proteins in dopaminergic neurons and activated the antioxidation and detoxification factor Nrf2 mostly in the astrocyte-like and ensheathing glia. Glial activation of Nrf2 antagonizes G2019S-induced Mad/Smad signaling. Moreover, we treated LRRK2-G2019S transgenic mice with WGE and found that the locomotion declines, the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and the number of hyperactive microglia were restored. WGE also suppressed the hyperactivation of G2019S proteins and regulated the Smad2/3 pathways in the mice brains. We conclude that WGE prevents locomotion defects and the neuronal loss induced by G2019S mutation via glial Nrf2/Mad signaling, unveiling a potential therapeutic avenue for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-En Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan,Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - En-Peng Ho
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi-Ci Ke
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Stavroula Petridi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom,Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of YorkYorkUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher JH Elliott
- Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of YorkYorkUnited Kingdom
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Cheng-Ting Chien
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan,Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Guerrero-Hue M, Rayego-Mateos S, Vázquez-Carballo C, Palomino-Antolín A, García-Caballero C, Opazo-Rios L, Morgado-Pascual JL, Herencia C, Mas S, Ortiz A, Rubio-Navarro A, Egea J, Villalba JM, Egido J, Moreno JA. Protective Role of Nrf2 in Renal Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010039. [PMID: 33396350 PMCID: PMC7824104 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the fastest-growing causes of death and is predicted to become by 2040 the fifth global cause of death. CKD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. However, therapies to slow or prevent CKD progression remain an unmet need. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a transcription factor that plays a key role in protection against oxidative stress and regulation of the inflammatory response. Consequently, the use of compounds targeting Nrf2 has generated growing interest for nephrologists. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Nrf2-inducing strategies prevent CKD progression and protect from acute kidney injury (AKI). In this article, we review current knowledge on the protective mechanisms mediated by Nrf2 against kidney injury, novel therapeutic strategies to induce Nrf2 activation, and the status of ongoing clinical trials targeting Nrf2 in renal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melania Guerrero-Hue
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (M.G.-H.); (S.R.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.M.-P.)
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (M.G.-H.); (S.R.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.M.-P.)
| | - Cristina Vázquez-Carballo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
| | - Alejandra Palomino-Antolín
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, IIS-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (J.E.)
- Departament of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medicine Faculty, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Autónoma University, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Caballero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (M.G.-H.); (S.R.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.M.-P.)
| | - Lucas Opazo-Rios
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Morgado-Pascual
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (M.G.-H.); (S.R.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.M.-P.)
| | - Carmen Herencia
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
| | - Sebastián Mas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
- Red Nacional Investigaciones Nefrológicas (REDINREN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rubio-Navarro
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Javier Egea
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, IIS-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-A.); (J.E.)
- Departament of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Medicine Faculty, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Autónoma University, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Jesús Egido
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.-C.); (L.O.-R.); (C.H.); (S.M.); (A.O.); (J.E.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (M.G.-H.); (S.R.-M.); (C.G.-C.); (J.L.M.-P.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain;
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-957-218-039
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li C, Wang L. Molecular characterization, expression and functional analysis of TGFβ1-b in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1392-1401. [PMID: 33045298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is a polyfunctional cytokine with important roles in growth, differentiation and immune function in various animals. In this study, PCR, bioinformatics, real-time quantitative PCR, prokaryotic expression, protein purification and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS) were applied to investigate the structural features and function of TGFβ1-b in crucian carp. The complete coding sequence (CDS) of TGFβ1-b was 1134 bp in length and was submitted to GenBank (ID: MH473141). TGFβ1-b encoded a putative protein of 377 amino acids and included a signal peptide consisting of 22 amino acids. TGFβ1-b was relatively conservative in fish and distant from mammals in terms of evolutionary relationship. TGFβ1-b was found to be expressed in various tissues, with the highest expression in the kidney. The expressions of TGFβ1-b in muscle, heart and liver were increased with the addition of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium at 30 days (p < 0.01). While, the expressions of SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD7 were also up-regulated with the addition of R. palustris at 20 days (p < 0.01). The expression of TGFβ1-b could be affected by time and group factors (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression vector TGFβ1-b-pDE2 was successfully constructed. Prokaryotic expression indicated that a 43 kDa target protein was obtained after induction with 1.5 mM isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for 3.5 h at 37 °C for 200 r/h. The activities of alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme in injection TGFβ1-b protein group (ITg) and feeding broken bacterial liquid group (BTg) were significantly increased at 24 h (p < 0.01). And the activities of superoxide dismutase in ITg were significantly increased at 36 h (p < 0.01). Besides, the expressions of heat shock protein 30 and heat shock protein 47 in ITg and BTg were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Whereas, the expression of interleukin-11 was significantly reduced (p < 0.01). These results indicated that TGFβ1-b protein might play a role in immunity of crucian carp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, PR China; Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chendu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|