1
|
Zhang B, Yang H, Cai G, Nie Q, Sun Y. The interactions between the host immunity and intestinal microorganisms in fish. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:30. [PMID: 38170313 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
There is a huge quantity of microorganisms in the gut of fish, which exert pivotal roles in maintaining host intestinal and general health. The fish immunity can sense and shape the intestinal microbiota and maintain the intestinal homeostasis. In the meantime, the intestinal commensal microbes regulate the fish immunity, control the extravagant proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, and ensure the intestinal health of the host. This review summarizes developments and progress on the known interactions between host immunity and intestinal microorganisms in fish, focusing on the recent advances in zebrafish (Danio rerio) showing the host immunity senses and shapes intestinal microbiota, and intestinal microorganisms tune host immunity. This review will offer theoretical references for the development, application, and commercialization of intestinal functional microorganisms in fish. KEY POINTS: • The interactions between the intestinal microorganisms and host immunity in zebrafish • Fish immunity senses and shapes the microbiota • Intestinal microbes tune host immunity in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Hongling Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Guohe Cai
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Qingjie Nie
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Yunzhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Macias L, Mercado V, Olmos J. Assessment of Bacillus species capacity to protect Nile tilapia from A. hydrophila infection and improve growth performance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1354736. [PMID: 39045133 PMCID: PMC11263102 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1354736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the capacity of three Bacillus species to improve health status and growth performance of Nile Tilapia fed with high levels of soybean meal and challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro experiments showed that β-hemolysin and metalloprotease enzymes were produced by A. hydrophila throughout the exponential growth phase. In vivo experiments showed that 107 colony-forming units (CFUs)/ml of this pathogen killed 50% of control group fishes in 13 days. To evaluate the influence of Bacillus strains on health status and growth performance in Nile Tilapia, 180 fishes (33.44 + 0.05 g) were distributed in 12 tanks of 200 L each, and animals were fed twice per day until satiety. 1) Control group without Bacillus, 2) Bacillus sp1, 3) Bacillus sp2, and 4) Bacillus sp3 groups were formulated containing 106 CFU/g. After 40 days of feeding, the fishes were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ml of A. hydrophila at 2 × 107 CFU/ml, and mortality was recorded. The results showed that cumulative mortality rate was significantly (p< 0.05) lower in the Bacillus sp1 (25%), sp2 (5%), and sp3 (15%) groups, than the control group (50%). Weight gain was also significantly better (p< 0.05) in the Bacillus sp1 (36%), sp2 (67%), and sp3 (55%) groups with respect to the control group (30%). In conclusion, functional diet formulated with high levels of soybean meal and supplemented with Bacillus sp2 could be an alternative to protect Nile tilapia cultures from A. hydrophila infections and improve fish growth performance.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie G, Chen X, Feng Y, Yu Z, Lu Q, Li M, Ye Z, Lin H, Yu W, Shu H. Effects of Dietary Multi-Strain Probiotics on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microbiota of Hybrid Groupers ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). Microorganisms 2024; 12:1358. [PMID: 39065126 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of the mixture of Bacillus cereus G1-11 and Exiguobacterium acetylicum G1-33, isolated from the gut of hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂), on the host. The hybrid groupers were divided into a control (C, without any probiotics), B. cereus (BC, 1010 cfu/g), E. acetylicum (EA, 108 cfu/g), compound (mix, a 1:1 mixture of B. cereus and E. acetylicum), and positive reference group (P, Lactobacillus acidophilus, 5 × 108 cfu/L). Each group had four replicates, with 30 fish per replicate (53.30 ± 0.50 g), and were fed for 60 days. The results showed that adding probiotics to the feed significantly improved the weight gain, weight growth rate, specific growth rate, and digestive enzyme activities of hybrid groupers compared to the C group. The compound group was the most significant. In addition, composite probiotics added to feed significantly upregulated the expression levels of several growth-related genes in the liver and muscles. The activities of alkaline phosphatase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, lysozyme, and total antioxidant capacity in the serum and liver were significantly influenced through mixed probiotic feeding. Moreover, the expression levels of several immune-related genes in the liver, spleen, and head kidney were significantly enhanced by adding single and mixed probiotics to feed, with the synergy of mixed probiotics being the best. An analysis of the gut microbiota showed that adding composite bacteria enhanced the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota, significantly increasing the relative abundance of potential probiotics (Cetobacterium and Microbacterium) while decreasing the presence of potential pathogens (Mycoplasma). Overall, our findings highlighted the efficacy of mixed probiotics (B. cereus and E. acetylicum) in enhancing growth performance, nutritional value of hybrid grouper feed, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and intestinal health, in finding the best combination of functional feed additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangting Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuwei Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhide Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiuqin Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Manfeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziqi Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Heizhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China
| | - Hu Shu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zakeri D, Pazooki J, Mohseni M, Jamshidi S. Effect of dietary chitosan on the growth performance, intestinal histology and growth-related gene expression in stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) juveniles. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:1152-1163. [PMID: 38602249 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
As sturgeon breeding has proliferated, there has been a heightened demand for growth stimulators in their diets. This study aimed to determine the impact of dietary chitosan on growth performance, whole-body proximate composition, growth-related gene expression, and intestinal histology in juvenile Acipenser stellatus. A total of 180 A. stellatus juveniles with an average weight of 31.90 ± 0.73 g were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 g chitosan.kg-1 basic diet for eight weeks. The findings revealed a significant enhancement in growth performance with rising chitosan concentrations. Furthermore, chitosan supplementation upregulated the expression of the growth hormone gene in both brain and liver tissues. In liver samples, the most pronounced expression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 gene was noted at 6.0 g chitosan.kg-1, while in brain samples, peak expressions were observed in both the 4.5 and 6.0 g chitosan.kg-1 treatments. While the whole-body proximate composition remained relatively stable, there was a notable decrease in whole-body lipids with the escalation of chitosan dosage. Intestinal villi dimensions, both height and width, were amplified in the chitosan-supplemented groups compared to controls. In summation, chitosan supplementation showed promise in bolstering growth performance, refining intestinal morphology, and enhancing growth-related gene expression. Analysis of the polynomial regression of weight gain and specific growth rate revealed that the optimum dietary chitosan requirements in A. stellatus were 5.32 and 5.21 g chitosan.kg-1, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donya Zakeri
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Pazooki
- Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mohseni
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
| | - Shirin Jamshidi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang F, Wang Z, Cao J, Lu Y. Long- and short-term dietary β-glucan improves intestinal health and disease resistance in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:973-988. [PMID: 38421537 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
β-Glucans are immunostimulants and are widely used in aquaculture industry. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different periods of β-glucan management on growth performance, intestinal health, and disease resistance in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀). A commercial feed was used as control diet (CD), and the β-glucan diet (βD) was based on CD and further supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan. Grouper in control and long-term β-glucan diet (LGD) groups were fed with CD and βD for 8 weeks, respectively. Groupers in short-term β-glucan diet (SGD) group were fed with CD for the first 4 weeks and βD for the last 4 weeks. We found that LGD and SGD had no effect on growth performance but reduced the mortalities of grouper after challenging with Vibrio harveyi. In addition, both LGD and SGD increased intestinal morphology, enhanced antioxidant capacity, enhanced immunity, inhibited apoptosis, altered the transcriptional profile, and activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the intestine of grouper. Furthermore, the effect of LGD on most of the above parameters was comparable to that of SGD. In conclusion, LGD and SGD did not affect growth rate parameters but enhanced the intestinal health and disease resistance of pearl gentian grouper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Junming Cao
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yishan Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China.
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peng W, Liao G, Wu L, Zhang J, He J, Gao P, Cha Y, You S, Huang M, Zhou J, He Y, Yang Y, Li P, Yan J. Antibacterial and gut health effects of Amomum tsao-ko in aquatic feed: A sustainable alternative to chemical antibiotics. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38812441 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie (Zingiberaceae), an aromatic plant, has been considered to have diverse medicinal values and economic significance. It has been reported to possess antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. With the increasing risk of diseases in aquaculture, there is a need for alternative solutions to chemical antibiotics. Plant extracts have shown promise as natural feed additives for aquatic animals. In this study, the antibacterial effect of Amomum tsao-ko crude extracts was evaluated using the Oxford cup method. The extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Furthermore, the addition of Amomum tsao-ko to fish feed resulted in notable changes in the gut structure of zebrafish and tilapia. The length and morphology of intestinal villi were enhanced, promoting improved digestion. Analysis of the gut microbial community revealed that Amomum tsao-ko supplementation induced key changes in the gut microbial community composition of both zebrafish and tilapia. Notably, a 1% inclusion of Amomum tsao-ko resulted in a marked rise in Proteobacteria levels in zebrafish, which diminished at 10% dosage. The supplement elicited mixed reactions among other bacterial phyla like Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota. Fluctuations were also observed at the genus level, pointing to the concentration of Amomum tsao-ko playing a pivotal role in influencing the structure of intestinal bacteria. The findings of this study suggest that Amomum tsao-ko has antibacterial properties and can positively influence the gut health of fish. The potential use of Amomum tsao-ko as a natural feed additive holds promise for improving aquaculture practices and reducing reliance on chemical antibiotics. Further research is needed to explore the full potential and applications of Amomum tsao-ko in fish feed development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianzhang Wu
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juncai He
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Penghui Gao
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Yunsheng Cha
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Shengjun You
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Jilan Zhou
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Yuqiu He
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mathan Muthu CM, Vickram AS, Bhavani Sowndharya B, Saravanan A, Kamalesh R, Dinakarkumar Y. A comprehensive review on the utilization of probiotics in aquaculture towards sustainable shrimp farming. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 147:109459. [PMID: 38369068 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics in shrimp aquaculture have gained considerable attention as a potential solution to enhance production efficiency, disease management, and overall sustainability. Probiotics, beneficial microorganisms, have shown promising effects when administered to shrimp as dietary supplements or water additives. Their inclusion has been linked to improved gut health, nutrient absorption, and disease resistance in shrimp. Probiotics also play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced microbial community within the shrimp pond environment, enhancing water quality and reducing pathogen prevalence. This article briefly summarizes the many ways that probiotics are used in shrimp farming and the advantages that come with them. Despite the promising results, challenges such as strain selection, dosage optimization, and environmental conditions are carefully addressed for successful probiotic integration in shrimp aquaculture. The potential of probiotics as a sustainable and ecologically friendly method of promoting shrimp development and health while advancing environmentally friendly shrimp farming techniques is highlighted in this analysis. Further research is required to fully exploit probiotics' benefits and develop practical guidelines for their effective implementation in shrimp aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Mathan Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - A S Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - B Bhavani Sowndharya
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - R Kamalesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Yuvaraj Dinakarkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu W, Chang L, Shi S, Lu N, Du S, Li J, Jiang J, Wang B. Gut microbiota reflect adaptation of cave-dwelling tadpoles to resource scarcity. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrad009. [PMID: 38365235 PMCID: PMC10811740 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota are significant to the host's nutrition and provide a flexible way for the host to adapt to extreme environments. However, whether gut microbiota help the host to colonize caves, a resource-limited environment, remains unknown. The nonobligate cave frog Oreolalax rhodostigmatus completes its metamorphosis within caves for 3-5 years before foraging outside. Their tadpoles are occasionally removed from the caves by floods and utilize outside resources, providing a contrast to the cave-dwelling population. For both cave and outside tadpoles, the development-related reduction in their growth rate and gut length during prometamorphosis coincided with a shift in their gut microbiota, which was characterized by decreased Lactobacillus and Cellulosilyticum and Proteocatella in the cave and outside individuals, respectively. The proportion of these three genera was significantly higher in the gut microbiota of cave-dwelling individuals compared with those outside. The cave-dwellers' gut microbiota harbored more abundant fibrolytic, glycolytic, and fermentative enzymes and yielded more short-chain fatty acids, potentially benefitting the host's nutrition. Experimentally depriving the animals of food resulted in gut atrophy for the individuals collected outside the cave, but not for those from inside the cave. Imitating food scarcity reproduced some major microbial features (e.g. abundant Proteocatella and fermentative genes) of the field-collected cave individuals, indicating an association between the cave-associated gut microbiota and resource scarcity. Overall, the gut microbiota may reflect the adaptation of O. rhodostigmatus tadpoles to resource-limited environments. This extends our understanding of the role of gut microbiota in the adaptation of animals to extreme environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liming Chang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengchao Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ningning Lu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Simeng Du
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiatang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yao L, Liu Q, Lei Z, Sun T. Development and challenges of antimicrobial peptide delivery strategies in bacterial therapy: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126819. [PMID: 37709236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The escalating global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat, prompting concerns about its impact on public health. This predicament is exacerbated by the acute shortage of novel antimicrobial agents, a scarcity attributed to the rapid surge in bacterial resistance. This review delves into the realm of antimicrobial peptides, a diverse class of compounds ubiquitously present in plants and animals across various natural organisms. Renowned for their intrinsic antibacterial activity, these peptides provide a promising avenue to tackle the intricate challenge of bacterial resistance. However, the clinical utility of peptide-based drugs is hindered by limited bioavailability and susceptibility to rapid degradation, constraining efforts to enhance the efficacy of bacterial infection treatments. The emergence of nanocarriers marks a transformative approach poised to revolutionize peptide delivery strategies. This review elucidates a promising framework involving nanocarriers within the realm of antimicrobial peptides. This paradigm enables meticulous and controlled peptide release at infection sites by detecting dynamic shifts in microenvironmental factors, including pH, ROS, GSH, and reactive enzymes. Furthermore, a glimpse into the future reveals the potential of targeted delivery mechanisms, harnessing inflammatory responses and intricate signaling pathways, including adenosine triphosphate, macrophage receptors, and pathogenic nucleic acid entities. This approach holds promise in fortifying immunity, thereby amplifying the potency of peptide-based treatments. In summary, this review spotlights peptide nanosystems as prospective solutions for combating bacterial infections. By bridging antimicrobial peptides with advanced nanomedicine, a new therapeutic era emerges, poised to confront the formidable challenge of antimicrobial resistance head-on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfukang Yao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Liu C, Wang SP, Zhang TX, Chen JY, Zhou Q, Hou Y, Yan ZG. BDE-209-induced genotoxicity, intestinal damage and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in zebrafish (Danio Rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167009. [PMID: 37704147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The environmental presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is ubiquitous due to their wide use as brominated flame retardants in industrial products. As a common congener of PBDEs, decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) can pose a health risk to animals as well as humans. However, to date, few studies have explored BDE-209's toxic effects on the intestinal tract, and its relevant mechanism of toxicity has not been elucidated. In this study, adult male zebrafish were exposed to BDE-209 at 6 μg/L, 60 μg/L and 600 μg/L for 28 days, and intestinal tissue and microbial samples were collected for analysis to reveal the underlying toxic mechanisms. Transcriptome sequencing results demonstrated a dose-dependent pattern of substantial gene differential expression in the group exposed to BDE-209, and the differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in pathways related to protein synthesis and processing, redox reaction, and steroid and lipid metabolism. In addition, BDE-209 exposure caused damage to intestinal structure and barrier function, and promoted intestinal oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and steroid and lipid metabolism disorders. Mechanistically, BDE-209 induced intestinal inflammation by increasing the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and activating the NFκB signaling pathway, and might induce apoptosis through the p53-Bax/Bcl2-Caspase3 pathway. BDE-209 also significantly inhibited the gene expression of rate-limiting enzymes such as Sqle and 3βhsd (p < 0.05) to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. In addition, BDE-209 induced lipid metabolism disorders through the mTOR/PPARγ/RXRα pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that BDE-209 stress reduced the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota, and reduced the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium). Overall, the results of this study help to clarify the intestinal response mechanism of BDE-209 exposure, and provide a basis for evaluating the health risks of BDE-209 in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Tian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Quan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Yin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ji Z, Lu X, Xue M, Fan Y, Tian J, Dong L, Zhu C, Wen H, Jiang M. The probiotic effects of host-associated Bacillus velezensis in diets for hybrid yellow catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ♀ × Pelteobagrus vachelli ♂). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:114-125. [PMID: 38023381 PMCID: PMC10665805 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the potential of a host-associated Bacillus velezensis as a probiotic for hybrid yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ♀ × Pelteobagrus vachelli ♂). Diets (B0 to B5) containing 0, 0.90 × 108, 0.80 × 109, 0.85 × 1010, 0.90 × 1011, 0.83 × 1012 CFU/kg B. velezensis YFI-E109 were fed to the fish with initial weight (3.07 ± 0.08 g) in a recirculating aquaculture system for six weeks with three replicates, respectively. Probiotic effects were analyzed based on growth, body composition, liver and gut morphology, gut microbiome, and liver metabolome. Analysis of the bacterial genome has shown that the most abundant genes in B. velezensis YFI-E109 were distributed in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Fish in groups B3 and B4 had better growth performance, and higher intestinal amylase (AMS) and lipase (LPS) activities compared with other groups (P < 0.05). Fish in groups B0 and B5 showed significant liver damage, while this status improved in group B3. The liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content in group B3 was lower than that in other groups (P < 0.05). The abundance of Mycoplasma, Ralstonia and Acinetobacter was significantly reduced in B3 and B5 compared to B0. The amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways were enriched in group B3 compared with group B0. In conclusion, dietary B. velezensis YFI-E109 supplementation has the potential to improve growth, liver metabolism, and liver and gut health, and reshape the gut microbiome of hybrid yellow catfish. Excessive B. velezensis YFI-E109 reduced the prebiotic effects. The recommended dietary supplementation of B. velezensis YFI-E109 is 0.31 × 1010 to 0.77 × 1011 CFU/kg for hybrid yellow catfish according to the quadratic regression method by plotting specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), MDA and activities of AMS against dietary B. velezensis YFI-E109 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhehui Ji
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixue Dong
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanzhong Zhu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Aquafeed and Culture Environment Control, Fujian DBN-HY Aquatic Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd, Zhao'an, China
| | - Hua Wen
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Say P, Nimitkul S, Bunnoy A, Na-Nakorn U, Srisapoome P. Effects of the combination of chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH on the growth and health performances and disease resistance of juvenile hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109177. [PMID: 37863127 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic animal health management has become a crucial component in the goal of increasing catfish aquaculture productivity. Additionally, hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus) has been promoted as a highly profitable freshwater fish in Asia. Interestingly, the crucial diseases induced by Aeromonas hydrophila have been reported to greatly impede catfish production. To overcome this challenge, the aim was to investigate the effects of the oral administration of potentially synbiotic chitosan (CH) and Acinetobacter KU011TH (AK) on the growth performance, immunological responses, and disease resistance of hybrid catfish against A. hydrophila. The control group was fed a basal diet (A), the diet fed to treatment group B was supplemented with 20 mL of CH/kg diet (B), and the experimental feed fed to groups C-D was mixed with 1 × 108, 1 × 109 and 1 × 1010 CFU/mL AK coated with 20 mL of CH/kg diet. Five different groups of juvenile hybrid catfish were continuously fed the 5 formulated feeds for 4 weeks. The results revealed that all tested feeds did not significantly enhance the hybrid catfish's average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, hematocrit and erythrocyte counts. Interestingly, the application of CH and AK significantly increased the leukocyte counts, respiratory burst, lysozyme activity, alternative complement pathway hemolytic activity, and bactericidal activity (P < 0.05). The expression levels of the immune-related genes in the whole blood, head kidney, and spleen were significantly increased after CH-AK application (P < 0.05), but this finding was not observed in the liver (P > 0.05). Additionally, after 14 days of A. hydrophila peritoneal injection, the fish in group C showed significantly higher survival rates of approximately 70.0 % compared with the control fish in groups B, D, and E (52.5 %, 40.0 %, 45.0 %, and 45.0 %, respectively) (P < 0.05). These results collectively suggest that short-term application of the diet fed to group C effectively boosted the immune responses and disease resistance of hybrid catfish against A. hydrophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pisey Say
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukkrit Nimitkul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Uthairat Na-Nakorn
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetics, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
De Marco G, Cappello T, Maisano M. Histomorphological Changes in Fish Gut in Response to Prebiotics and Probiotics Treatment to Improve Their Health Status: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2860. [PMID: 37760260 PMCID: PMC10525268 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) promotes the digestion and absorption of feeds, in addition to the excretion of waste products of digestion. In fish, the GIT is divided into four regions, the headgut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, to which glands and lymphoid tissues are associated to release digestive enzymes and molecules involved in the immune response and control of host-pathogens. The GIT is inhabited by different species of resident microorganisms, the microbiota, which have co-evolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship and are responsible for metabolic benefits and counteracting pathogen infection. There is a strict connection between a fish's gut microbiota and its health status. This review focuses on the modulation of fish microbiota by feed additives based on prebiotics and probiotics as a feasible strategy to improve fish health status and gut efficiency, mitigate emerging diseases, and maximize rearing and growth performance. Furthermore, the use of histological assays as a valid tool for fish welfare assessment is also discussed, and insights on nutrient absorptive capacity and responsiveness to pathogens in fish by gut morphological endpoints are provided. Overall, the literature reviewed emphasizes the complex interactions between microorganisms and host fish, shedding light on the beneficial use of prebiotics and probiotics in the aquaculture sector, with the potential to provide directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Melo-Bolívar JF, Ruiz Pardo RY, Quintanilla-Carvajal MX, Díaz LE, Alzate JF, Junca H, Rodríguez Orjuela JA, Villamil Diaz LM. Evaluation of dietary single probiotic isolates and probiotic multistrain consortia in growth performance, gut histology, gut microbiota, immune regulation, and infection resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, shows superior monostrain performance. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108928. [PMID: 37423403 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The probiotic potential of a designed bacterial consortia isolated from a competitive exclusion culture originally obtained from the intestinal contents of tilapia juveniles were evaluated on Nile tilapia alevins. The growth performance, intestinal histology, microbiota effects, resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae challenge, and immune response were assessed. In addition, the following treatments were included in a commercial feed: A12+M4+M10 (Lactococcus lactis A12, Priestia megaterium M4, and Priestia sp. M10), M4+M10 (P. megaterium M4, and Priestia sp. M10) and the single bacteria as controls; A12 (L. lactis A12), M4 (P. megaterium M4), M10 (Priestia sp. M10), also a commercial feed without any probiotic addition was included as a control. The results showed that all probiotic treatments improved the growth performance, intestinal histology, and resistance during experimental infection with S. agalactiae in comparison to the control fish. Also, the administration of probiotics resulted in the modulation of genes associated with the innate and adaptive immune systems that were non-dependent on microbial colonization. Surprisingly, L. lactis A12 alone induced benefits in fish compared to the microbial consortia, showing the highest increase in growth rate, survival during experimental infection with S. agalactiae, increased intestinal fold length, and the number of differentially expressed genes. Lastly, we conclude that a competitive exclusion culture is a reliable source of probiotics, and monostrain L. lactis A12 has comparable or even greater probiotic potential than the bacterial consortia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernando Melo-Bolívar
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Ruth Yolanda Ruiz Pardo
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - María Ximena Quintanilla-Carvajal
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Luis Eduardo Díaz
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Juan F Alzate
- Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica- CNSG, Sede de Investigación Universitaria SIU, Grupo Pediaciencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Howard Junca
- Microbiomas Foundation, Div. Ecogenomics & Holobionts, RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution, Chía, Colombia
| | - Jorge Alberto Rodríguez Orjuela
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Luisa Marcela Villamil Diaz
- Universidad de La Sabana, Doctorado en Biociencias, Campus del Puente del Común, Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Amoah K, Tan B, Zhang S, Chi S, Yang Q, Liu H, Yang Y, Zhang H, Dong X. Host gut-derived Bacillus probiotics supplementation improves growth performance, serum and liver immunity, gut health, and resistive capacity against Vibrio harveyi infection in hybrid grouper ( ♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:163-184. [PMID: 37448647 PMCID: PMC10338153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have revealed the vital role that probiotics play in fish growth and health. However, few works are available for host gut-derived probiotics on the growth, immunity, and gut microbiota of fish, especially in hybrid grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatus) due to their isolation difficulty and functional verification. This study aimed at assessing 3 host gut-derived Bacillus species' effects on the growth, immune and antioxidant-biochemical responses, haematological parameters, intestinal morphology, immune-related gene expression, gut microbiota, and disease resistance against Vibrio harveyi in hybrid grouper. A total of 480 hybrid grouper (initial weight = 9.03 ± 0.02 g) were randomly allotted into 4 groups, namely, the group fed a basal diet without probiotic inclusion (control, B0), the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus velezensis GPSAK4 (BV), the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus subtilis GPSAK9 (BS), and the group fed the basal diet with Bacillus tequilensis GPSAK2 (BT) strains at 1.0 × 109 CFU/g. After a 6-week feeding trial, the results revealed significant improvements (P < 0.05) in the growth performance, whole fish-body proximate composition, blood haematological parameters, serum, liver, and intestinal biochemical indexes, intestinal morphology, and protection against V. harveyi pathogen in the probiotic-treated groups compared with the untreated. Additionally, the expressions of intestinal tight junction genes (occludin and ZO1), pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, including IL1β, IL6, IL8, TNFα, MyD88, IL10, and TGFβ, were upregulated (P < 0.05) after Bacillus species administration. Host gut-derived Bacillus supplementation shaped the gut microbiota by significantly increasing (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria (except the BS group), Acidobacteria (except the BT group), Cyanobacteria (except the BV and BT groups), and Verrucomicrobia phyla, as well as known beneficial genera (Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Epulopiscium, Clostridium_sensu_stricto 1 and 13, Lactobacillus, and Bacillus), but significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Fusobacteria phyla, and purported pathogenic genera (Staphylococcus and Photobacterium) compared with the control group. Collectively, the results suggest that B. velezensis GPSAK4, B. subtilis GPSAK9 (especially this strain), B. tequilensis GPSAK2 dietary supplementation at 1.0 × 109 CFU/g has positive effects on the intestinal health of hybrid grouper via microbial composition modulation, thus enhancing the assimilation and absorption of nutrients to boost fish growth, immunity, and disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Amoah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang C, Wang S, Zeng N, Péré M, Xu G, Zou J, Zhou A. Effect of kelp powder on the resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila in the gut of hybrid snakeheads (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108916. [PMID: 37355219 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
To assess the level of oxidative stress, expression of immune-related genes, histomorphology, and changes in the intestinal tract of hybrid snakeheads(Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂) under stress from kelp powder in place of flour against Aeromonas hydrophila. We set up experimental diets: a control (C) diet of 20% flour, an experimental (MR) diet of 10% kelp powder and 10% flour, and an experimental (FR) diet of 0% starch and 15% kelp powder. The experimental fish in each group were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila after 60 days of feeding. For this experiment, some of the experimental fish in group C were injected with PBS as a negative control group (PBS). The results showed that the C group had significantly higher SOD, CAT, and T-AOC activity and expression of TAK1, IKKβ, IL-1β, and TNF-α genes in the MyD88 pathway than the PBS group. CAT activity and the expression of TAK1, IL-1β and TNF-α genes in the MyD88 pathway were significantly lower in the MR group than in the C group. Furthermore, the number of goblet cells in the MR group was significantly higher than in the C group. Furthermore, microorganisms such as Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota were significantly lower in the C group than in the PBS and FR groups, as were beneficial bacteria such as Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Sphingomonas. Replacing flour with kelp powder increases hybrid snakehead gut resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Shaodan Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Nanyang Zeng
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Maxime Péré
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 16 510070, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang LC, Chen LH, Chiu YC, Liou CY, Chen HC, Lu CY, Chen JL. Teleost skin microbiome: An intimate interplay between the environment and the host immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108869. [PMID: 37285875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal microbiome plays a role in regulating host health. The research conducted in humans and mice has governed and detailed the information on microbiome-host immunity interactions. Teleost fish, different from humans and mice, lives in and relies on the aquatic environment and is subjected to environmental variation. The growth of teleost mucosal microbiome studies, the majority in the gastrointestinal tract, has emphasized the essential role of the teleost microbiome in growth and health. However, research in the teleost external surface microbiome, as the skin microbiome, has just started. In this review, we examine the general findings in the colonization of the skin microbiome, how the skin microbiome is subjected to environmental change and the reciprocal regulation with the host immune system, and the current challenges that potential study models can address. The information collected from teleost skin microbiome-host immunity research would help future teleost culturing from the potential parasitic infestation and bacterial infection as foreseeing growing threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Chun Wang
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Committee of Fisheries Extension Service, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Hsuan Chen
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yu-Che Chiu
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Liou
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Chen
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Lu
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Lin Chen
- Marine and Pathogenic Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Say P, Nimikul S, Bunnoy A, Na-Nakorn U, Srisapoome P. Long-Term Application of a Synbiotic Chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH Mixture on the Growth Performance, Health Status, and Disease Resistance of Hybrid Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus) during Winter. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1807. [PMID: 37512979 PMCID: PMC10385702 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of potential synbiotic chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH mixture on growth performance, immune response, and A. hydrophila resistance were investigated for the first time. The control group was fed a basal diet (A), and group B was given the formula B diet that was supplemented with chitosan at 20 mL/kg diet via top dressing. The other synbiotic groups, C, D, and E, were top-dressed with the target probiotics at 1 × 108, 1 × 109, and 1 × 1010 CFU/kg diet, respectively, and coated with the same concentration of chitosan. Fish were continuously fed the five different feeds for 16 weeks during winter. At the end of the trial, the growth parameters of the test groups did not significantly differ from those of the control (p > 0.05). All the symbiotic-chitosan treatments significantly increased various hematological and serum immune parameters. Moreover, the expression levels of immune-related genes were strongly elevated in the head kidney and spleen, whereas upregulated expression was observed in the liver and whole blood (p < 0.05). Survival analysis indicated that fish in groups B and C showed significantly higher survival (84.33 ± 2.21 and 79.50 ± 6.34%) than those in groups A, D and E (55.33 ± 8.82%-74.00 ± 6.50) (p < 0.05) after injection with A. hydrophila for 14 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pisey Say
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sukkrit Nimikul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Uthairat Na-Nakorn
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetics, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zheng J, Lin J, Ma Y, Yang C, Zhong Q, Li Y, Yang Q. Establishment of sheep nasal mucosa explant model and its application in antiviral research. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1124936. [PMID: 37256060 PMCID: PMC10226428 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1124936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The nasal mucosa is the first barrier to pathogen invasion through the respiratory tract. Few studies have focused on nasal resistance to invasion by respiratory pathogens due to the lack of models related to the nasal mucosa. Hence, it is necessary to construct a nasal mucosal model to study host-pathogen interactions. We established a long-term in vitro sheep nasal mucosa explant model (NMEM), which exhibited typical epithelial cilia and epithelial proliferation ability within 11 days. Moreover, to evaluate whether the NMEM was suited for in vitro pathogenic study, we used pseudorabies virus (PRV) and showed that it successfully infected and produced severe lesions in the NMEM, particularly interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene product 15 (ISG15). IFN decreased significantly after the PRV infection. Similarly, we used this NMEM model to screen several antiviral substances, such as probiotics and drugs. A previous study showed that nasal commensal bacteria, particularly Bacillus subtilis, had high antiviral activity. Then, we used the NMEM to evaluate six sheep-derived B. subtilis strains and demonstrated that it significantly induced the production of IFN and expression of ISG15. The sheep-derived B. subtilis was pretreated with the sheep NMEM before the PRV infection to evaluate the antiviral effect. The results showed that NSV2 significantly inhibited infection by PRV and reduced the viral load (p < 0.05). Furthermore, NSV2 may inhibit PRV replication by enhancing ISGylation of cells. In conclusion, we established a reliable in vitro culture model of sheep NMEM, and applied it in antiviral research.
Collapse
|
20
|
da Silva VG, Favero LM, Mainardi RM, Ferrari NA, Chideroli RT, Di Santis GW, de Souza FP, da Costa AR, Gonçalves DD, Nuez-Ortin WG, Isern-Subich MM, de Oliveira-Junior AG, Lopera-Barrero NM, Pereira UDP. Effect of an organic acid blend in Nile tilapia growth performance, immunity, gut microbiota, and resistance to challenge against francisellosis. Res Vet Sci 2023; 159:214-224. [PMID: 37167686 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic acids (OAs) are a class of feed additives that have prophylactic and inhibitory properties against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we investigated growth performance, innate immune response, gut microbiota, and disease resistance against Francisella orientalis F1 in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed different doses of Bacti-nil®Aqua, a blend of short- and medium-chain OAs. For 21 days, 680 juvenile tilapias were fed a control diet or diets supplemented with a 0.3% (D3) or 0.5% (D5) OA blend. The feed conversion rate of fish fed the 0.5% enriched diet was considerably lower (p < 0.05) than that of the fish fed the basal diet. Lysozyme and serum bactericidal activities were significantly elevated following OA administration. After infection, no differences in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota were observed between the groups. After the bacterial challenge, the mortality was significantly lower in group D5 (p < 0.01). The diet supplemented with Bacti-nil®Aqua (Adisseo) improved the immune response and resistance of tilapia juveniles against F. orientalis infection. Thus, this OA blend could serve as a feed additive with good activity against F. orientalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Gomes da Silva
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mantovani Favero
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Raffaella Menegheti Mainardi
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Natália Amoroso Ferrari
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Torres Chideroli
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Giovana Wingeter Di Santis
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Arthur Roberto da Costa
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ulisses de Pádua Pereira
- Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Trivedi SP, Dwivedi S, Singh S, Khan AA, Kumar M, Shukla A, Dwivedi S, Kumar V, Yadav KK, Tiwari V. Evaluation of immunostimulatory attributes of Asparagus racemosus and Withania somnifera supplemented diets in fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 258:110561. [PMID: 36801726 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
With the progression of aquaculture industry, there has been a spurt in dietary supplementation with economically viable medicinal herbs having enough immunostimulatory potential. This also aids in avoidance of environmentally undesirable therapeutics that are almost inevitable to safeguard fish against an array of diseases in aquaculture practices. The study aims to determine the optimal dose of herbs that can stimulate substantial immune response in fish for reclamation of aquaculture. Immunostimulatory potential of the two medicinal herbs- Asparagus racemosus (Shatavari), Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), individually, and in combination, with a basal diet was screened up to 60 days in Channa punctatus. 300 laboratory acclimatized healthy fish (14 ± 1 g; 11 ± 1 cm) were divided into ten groups- C, S1, S2, S3, A1, A2, A3, AS1, AS2, and AS3, based on the composition of dietary supplementation, in triplicates, with 10 specimens per group. The hematological index, total protein and lysozyme enzyme activity were performed after 30 and 60 days, while qRT-PCR analysis of lysozyme expression was done after 60 days of the feeding trial. The significant (P < 0.05) increments in hematological indices- (TEC, TLC, DLC, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC), total protein content and serum lysozyme activity, after 30 and 60 days; whereas upregulation of lysozyme transcript levels, both in liver and muscle tissues after 60 days of the feeding trial were recorded in groups- AS1, AS2, and AS3. The maximal increment in lysozyme expression was recorded in AS3, both in liver and muscle tissues, with 3.75 ± 0.13 and 3.21 ± 0.18-folds, respectively. However, increments were non-significant (P > 0.05) for MCV in AS2 and AS3 after 30 days; and for MCHC in AS1 for both the durations; whereas in AS2 and AS3, after 60 days of the feeding trial. A positive correlation (P < 0.05) among lysozyme expression, MCH, lymphocytes, neutrophils, total protein content, and serum lysozyme activity in AS3, after 60 days, conclusively, evinces that a 3% dietary supplementation with both A. racemosus and W. somnifera enhances immunity and health profile of the fish, C. punctatus. The study, thus finds ample scope in augmentation of aquaculture production and also paves the way for more researches for biological screenings of potential immunostimulatory medicinal herbs that can be appropriately incorporated in the fish diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil P Trivedi
- Centre of Excellence in Fish Nutrigenomics, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Shikha Dwivedi
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Shefalee Singh
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Adeel Ahmad Khan
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Anubha Shukla
- Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Shraddha Dwivedi
- Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Haripur Nihastha, Raebareli 229208, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Isabella Thoburn PG College, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Kamlesh K Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Bakkha Kheda, Unnao 209801, India.
| | - Vidyanand Tiwari
- Institute of Food Processing and Technology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li R, Wang X, Yu D, Liang Q, Liu F, Zhang L, Hu B, Wei J, Liu L, Liu J, Xu H. Dietary chitosan alleviates intestinal and liver injury of hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser baerii♀ × A. schrenckii♂) induced by Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
23
|
Pan C, Zhu Y, Cao K, Li J, Wang S, Zhu J, Zeng X, Zhang H, Qin Z. Transcriptome, intestinal microbiome and histomorphology profiling of differences in the response of Chinese sea bass ( Lateolabrax maculatus) to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1103412. [PMID: 36910190 PMCID: PMC9998533 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1103412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chinese sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) is an important aquaculture fish, but diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila have led to severe economic losses to the aquaculture industry in recent years. To date, only a few studies have focused on the relationship between the intestinal immune response and changes in intestinal microbes by A. hydrophila infection. Here, we report the transcriptome and intestinal changes in infected sea bass. Histopathological results showed that severe steatosis and vacuolation occurred in the liver and that the intestinal villi and mesentery were seriously affected after infection. By extracting total RNA from intestinal tissue and studying the transcriptome profile, 1,678 genes (1,013 upregulated and 665 downregulated) were identified as significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These genes are involved in many immune-related signalling pathways, such as the NOD-like receptor, C-type lectin receptor, and Toll-like receptor signalling pathways. Moreover, the intestinal microbes of sea bass changed significantly after infection. Interestingly, at the genus level, there was an increase in Serratia, Candida arthromitus and Faecalibacterium as well as a decrease in Akkermansia and Parabacteroides after infection. The results also indicated that some of the DEGs involved in the immune response were related to the genus level of intestinal microbiota. Finally, there was a relationship between gene expression patterns and the bacterial structure in the host intestine. Our study provides a reference for the study of the immune response and particular functions of intestinal microbes of sea bass after pathogen infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanran Zhu
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kaixin Cao
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Juexian Li
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,Faculty of Art and Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,Faculty of Art and Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoman Zeng
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Heqian Zhang
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China.,College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.,Faculty of Art and Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Qin
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu H, Wang X, Liang Q, Xu R, Liu J, Yu D. Dietary chitosan moderates the growth rate, antioxidant activity, immunity, intestinal morphology and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila of juvenile hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser baerii♀ × Acipenser schrenckii♂). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 224:1012-1024. [PMID: 36306898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary chitosan on growth, antioxidant, immunity, intestinal morphology and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila of hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser baerii♀ × Acipenser schrenckii♂). Sturgeons (18.18 ± 0.08 g) were randomly divided into four groups, fed with chitosan-supplemented diets for 8 weeks and then infected with A. hydrophila. The results showed significant differences of body weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio in sturgeon fed chitosan and control diets. The oral administration of chitosan significantly increased the acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities, as well as the complement 3 and 4 contents and disease resistance against A. hydrophila. Moreover, enhancement of muscular thickness and goblet cells in mid intestine and increase of muscular thickness and villus height in spiral valve were observed in the chitosan supplemented groups. In addition, dietary chitosan-supplemented diets mitigated the changes of antioxidant and immune activity induced by A. hydrophila challenge, as well as prevented fish from bacterial invasion. The optimal dose was 3.00 g chitosan/kg diet for hybrid sturgeon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsen Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Xiaoni Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qianrong Liang
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou 310023, China; Zhejiang Fisheries Test and Aquatic Disease Prevention Center, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Denghang Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Al-Ashhab A, Alexander-Shani R, Avrahami Y, Ehrlich R, Strem RI, Meshner S, Shental N, Sharon G. Sparus aurata and Lates calcarifer skin microbiota under healthy and diseased conditions in UV and non-UV treated water. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:42. [PMID: 35729615 PMCID: PMC9210813 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The welfare of farmed fish is influenced by numerous environmental and management factors. Fish skin is an important site for immunity and a major route by which infections are acquired. The objective of this study was to characterize bacterial composition variability on skin of healthy, diseased, and recovered Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) and Barramundi (Lates calcarifer). S. aurata, which are highly sensitive to gram-negative bacteria, were challenged with Vibrio harveyi. In addition, and to provide a wider range of infections, both fish species (S. aurata and L. calcarifer) were infected with gram-positive Streptococcus iniae, to compare the response of the highly sensitive L. calcarifer to that of the more resistant S. aurata. All experiments also compared microbial communities found on skin of fish reared in UV (a general practice used in aquaculture) and non-UV treated water tanks. Results Skin swab samples were taken from different areas of the fish (lateral lines, abdomen and gills) prior to controlled infection, and 24, 48 and 72 h, 5 days, one week and one-month post-infection. Fish skin microbial communities were determined using Illumina iSeq100 16S rDNA for bacterial sequencing. The results showed that naturally present bacterial composition is similar on all sampled fish skin sites prior to infection, but the controlled infections (T1 24 h post infection) altered the bacterial communities found on fish skin. Moreover, when the naturally occurring skin microbiota did not quickly recover, fish mortality was common following T1 (24 h post infection). We further confirmed the differences in bacterial communities found on skin and in the water of fish reared in non-UV and UV treated water under healthy and diseased conditions. Conclusions Our experimental findings shed light on the fish skin microbiota in relation to fish survival (in diseased and healthy conditions). The results can be harnessed to provide management tools for commercial fish farmers; predicting and preventing fish diseases can increase fish health, welfare, and enhance commercial fish yields. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42523-022-00191-y.
Collapse
|
26
|
Effects of autochthonous strains mixture on gut microbiota and metabolic profile in cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Sci Rep 2022; 12:17410. [PMID: 36258024 PMCID: PMC9579153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish immune system is a topic or subject that offers a unique understanding of defensive system evolution in vertebrate heredity. While gut microbiota plays several roles in fish: well-being, promoting health and growth, resistance to bacterial invasion, regulation of energy absorption, and lipid metabolism. However, studies on fish gut microbiota face practical challenges due to the large number of fish varieties, fluctuating environmental conditions, and differences in feeding habits. This study was carried out to evaluate the impacts of supplemented three autochthonous strains, Bacillus sp. RCS1, Pantoea agglomerans RCS2, and Bacillus cereus RCS3 mixture diet on cobia fish (Rachycentron canadum). Also, chromatography, mass spectrometry and high throughput sequencing were combined to explore composition and metabolite profile of gut microbiota in juvenile cobia fed with supplemented diet. In the trial group, juvenile cobia received diets supplemented with 1 × 1012 CFU mL-1 autochthonous strains for ten weeks and a control diet without supplementation. Juvenile cobia receiving diets supplementation exhibited significantly improved growth than those without additives (control). Haematological indices, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin, were higher in the supplemented group. Similarly, digestive enzymes (trypsin, lipase, amylase, pepsin and cellulose, activities) activities were higher in supplemented diet with an indigenous isolates mixture. Serum biochemical parameters albumin, globulin, and total protein were significantly higher, while triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and cholesterol showed no significant difference. On the other hand, glucose was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the group without supplementation. On gene expression in the midgut, Immunoglobulin, Colony-stimulating factor receptor 1, major histocompatibility complex 1 were up-regulated by native isolates while T cell receptor beta, and Major histocompatibility complex 2 showed no significant difference. Gut bacterial composition was altered in fish receiving supplemented diet with autochthonous strains. Metabolomics also revealed that some metabolic pathways were considerably enriched in fish fed with supplemented diet; pathway analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment revealed that differentially expressed metabolites were involved in galactose metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, carbohydrate digestion and absorption, purine metabolism, and ABC transporters. Functional analysis of bacterial community showed that differences in enriched metabolic pathways generally comprised carbohydrate and its metabolites, nucleotide and its metabolites, amino acid and its metabolites, heterocyclic compounds, and tryptamines, cholines, pigments. The current investigation results showed that autochthonous strains mixture has significantly enhanced the growth, survival, and innate and adaptive immunities of juvenile cobia.
Collapse
|
27
|
Glidden CK, Field LC, Bachhuber S, Hennessey SM, Cates R, Cohen L, Crockett E, Degnin M, Feezell MK, Fulton‐Bennett HK, Pires D, Poirson BN, Randell ZH, White E, Gravem SA. Strategies for managing marine disease. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2643. [PMID: 35470930 PMCID: PMC9786832 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) has increased in wildlife populations in recent years and is expected to continue to increase with global environmental change. Marine diseases are relatively understudied compared with terrestrial diseases but warrant parallel attention as they can disrupt ecosystems, cause economic loss, and threaten human livelihoods. Although there are many existing tools to combat the direct and indirect consequences of EIDs, these management strategies are often insufficient or ineffective in marine habitats compared with their terrestrial counterparts, often due to fundamental differences between marine and terrestrial systems. Here, we first illustrate how the marine environment and marine organism life histories present challenges and opportunities for wildlife disease management. We then assess the application of common disease management strategies to marine versus terrestrial systems to identify those that may be most effective for marine disease outbreak prevention, response, and recovery. Finally, we recommend multiple actions that will enable more successful management of marine wildlife disease emergencies in the future. These include prioritizing marine disease research and understanding its links to climate change, improving marine ecosystem health, forming better monitoring and response networks, developing marine veterinary medicine programs, and enacting policy that addresses marine and other wildlife diseases. Overall, we encourage a more proactive rather than reactive approach to marine wildlife disease management and emphasize that multidisciplinary collaborations are crucial to managing marine wildlife health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline K. Glidden
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
- Present address:
Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Laurel C. Field
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Silke Bachhuber
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | | | - Robyn Cates
- College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Lesley Cohen
- College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Elin Crockett
- College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Michelle Degnin
- College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Maya K. Feezell
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | | | - Devyn Pires
- College of Veterinary MedicineOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | | | - Zachary H. Randell
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Erick White
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Sarah A. Gravem
- Department of Integrative BiologyOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang HL, Liu ZY, Jin YM, Liu ZX, Zhang BY, Yuan ZH, Ye JD, Sun YZ. Preventive and reparative functions of host-associated probiotics against soybean meal induced growth, immune suppression and gut injury in Japanese seabass (Lateolabraxjaponicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:651-663. [PMID: 36028056 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to examine the preventive and reparative functions of host-associated probiotics against high soybean meal (SM)-induced negative effects in Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus). Fish continuously fed low SM (containing 16% SM) and high SM (containing 40% SM) diets were named as positive (PC) and negative (C) control, respectively. Preventive functions of probiotics were evaluated by continuously feeding diets LF3 (Lactococcus petauri LF3 supplemented in high SM diet, group PLF3) and LF4 (Bacillus siamensis LF4 supplemented in high SM diet, group PLF4), while reparative functions were estimated by feeding the high SM diet during 0-28 days, then feeding diets LF3 (group RLF3) and LF4 (group RLF4) until day 56. Compared with the group PC, suppressed growth and immunity, and damaged intestinal health were observed in the group C on days 28 and 56. Fish in groups PLF3 and PLF4, rather than in groups RLF3 and RLF4, showed higher growth compared with the group C and displayed similar immune status to the group PC, indicating that the initial and continued application of probiotic LF3 and LF4 can efficiently improve high SM induced growth and immune deficiency in Japanese seabass, but probiotics had limited reparative benefits when they were administrated at the middle of the feeding trial (28 d). Furthermore, probiotics showed good preventive functions and limited reparative functions on gut health via improving intestinal morphology and inflammation markers, for example, decreasing diamine oxidase activity and d-lactate content, while up-regulating anti-inflammatory TGF-β1 expression and down-regulating pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 expressions. Moreover, dietary supplementation of probiotics (especially on day 56) could effectively shape the gut microbiota, such as significantly decreasing abundances of opportunistic pathogens (phylum Actinobacteria, genera Pseudomonas and Moheibacter on day 28, phylum Proteobacteria, genus Plesiomonas on day 56), significantly increasing gut microbial diversity and abundances of possible beneficial bacteria (phylum Bacteroidetes and genus Lactobacillus on day 28, phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria, genera Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides on day 56). In conclusion, we evidenced for the first time that host-associated L. petauri LF3 and B. siamensis LF4 can provide effectively preventive and certain reparative functions against high SM-induced adverse effects in L. japonicus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ling Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zi-Yan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - You-Mei Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zi-Xin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Bi-Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ze-Hui Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ji-Dan Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China; Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pereira WA, Mendonça CMN, Urquiza AV, Marteinsson VÞ, LeBlanc JG, Cotter PD, Villalobos EF, Romero J, Oliveira RPS. Use of Probiotic Bacteria and Bacteriocins as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091705. [PMID: 36144306 PMCID: PMC9503917 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their use in human medicine, antimicrobials are also used in food animals and aquaculture, and their use can be categorized as therapeutic against bacterial infections. The use of antimicrobials in aquaculture may involve a broad environmental application that affects a wide variety of bacteria, promoting the spread of bacterial resistance genes. Probiotics and bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides produced by some types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have been successfully tested in aquatic animals as alternatives to control bacterial infections. Supplementation might have beneficial impacts on the intestinal microbiota, immune response, development, and/or weight gain, without the issues associated with antibiotic use. Thus, probiotics and bacteriocins represent feasible alternatives to antibiotics. Here, we provide an update with respect to the relevance of aquaculture in the animal protein production sector, as well as the present and future challenges generated by outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance, while highlighting the potential role of probiotics and bacteriocins to address these challenges. In addition, we conducted data analysis using a simple linear regression model to determine whether a linear relationship exists between probiotic dose added to feed and three variables of interest selected, including specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and lysozyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wellison Amorim Pereira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Miguel N. Mendonça
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jean Guy LeBlanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucuman T4000, Argentina
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Elías Figueroa Villalobos
- Nucleus of Research in Food Production, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Libano 5524, Santiago 783090, Chile
| | - Ricardo P. S. Oliveira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sumon MAA, Sumon TA, Hussain MA, Lee SJ, Jang WJ, Sharifuzzaman SM, Brown CL, Lee EW, Hasan MT. Single and Multi-Strain Probiotics Supplementation in Commercially Prominent Finfish Aquaculture: Review of the Current Knowledge. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:681-698. [PMID: 35722672 PMCID: PMC9628892 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2202.02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and rohu carp Labeo rohita are farmed commercially worldwide. Production of these important finfishes is rapidly expanding, and intensive culture practices can lead to stress in fish, often reducing resistance to infectious diseases. Antibiotics and other drugs are routinely used for the treatment of diseases and sometimes applied preventatively to combat microbial pathogens. This strategy is responsible for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, mass killing of environmental/beneficial bacteria, and residual effects in humans. As an alternative, the administration of probiotics has gained acceptance for disease control in aquaculture. Probiotics have been found to improve growth, feed utilization, immunological status, disease resistance, and to promote transcriptomic profiles and internal microbial balance of host organisms. The present review discusses the effects of single and multi-strain probiotics on growth, immunity, heamato-biochemical parameters, and disease resistance of the above-mentioned finfishes. The application and outcome of probiotics in the field or open pond system, gaps in existing knowledge, and issues worthy of further research are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Marine Biology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tofael Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashraf Hussain
- Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - S. M. Sharifuzzaman
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Christopher L. Brown
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Tawheed Hasan
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh,Corresponding author Phone: +880-821-761952 Fax: + 880-821-761980 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kuebutornye FKA, Lu Y, Wang Z, Mraz J. Functional annotation and complete genome analysis confirm the probiotic characteristics of Bacillus species isolated from the gut of Nile tilapia. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
32
|
Growth performance, fatty acid profile, gut, and muscle histo-morphology of Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides post larvae fed short-term host associated probiotics. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
33
|
Liu S, Yu H, Li P, Wang C, Liu G, Zhang X, Zhang C, Qi M, Ji H. Dietary nano-selenium alleviated intestinal damage of juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) induced by high-fat diet: Insight from intestinal morphology, tight junction, inflammation, anti-oxidization and intestinal microbiota. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 8:235-248. [PMID: 34988305 PMCID: PMC8688880 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, high-fat diet (HFD) has been widely applied in aquaculture, which reduces the intestinal health of cultured fish. The current study evaluated the protective effects of nano-selenium (nano-Se) on intestinal health of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed with HFD. A total of 135 experimental fish were fed with a regular diet (Con), a HFD (HFD) and a HFD containing nano-Se at 0.6 mg/kg (HSe) for 10 weeks. The results showed that dietary nano-Se significantly improved the survival rate and feed efficiency which were reduced by HFD in juvenile grass carp (P < 0.05). Also, nano-Se (0.6 mg/kg) supplement alleviated intestinal damage caused by the HFD, thus maintaining the integrity of the intestine. Moreover, it significantly up-regulated the expression of genes related to tight junction (ZO-1, c laudin-3 and o ccludin), anti-oxidization (GPx4a andGPx4b), and the protein of ZO-1 in the intestine of juvenile grass carp, which were depressed by the HFD (P < 0.05). Furthermore, nano-Se supplementation significantly suppressed the expressions of genes related to the inflammation, including inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6), signaling molecules (TLR4, p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65), and protein expression of NF-κB p65 and TNF-α in the intestine of juvenile grass carp which were induced by the HFD (P < 0.05). Besides, dietary nano-Se normalized the intestinal microbiota imbalance of juvenile grass carp caused by the HFD through increasing the abundance of the beneficial bacteria, e.g., Fusobacteria. Finally, dietary nano-Se increased the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the intestine, especially for butyric acid and caproic acid, which were negatively related to the increase of intestinal permeability and inflammation. In summary, supply of nano-Se (0.6 mg/kg) in HFD could effectively alleviate intestinal injury of juvenile grass carp by improving intestinal barrier function and reducing intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress. These positive effects may be due to the regulation of nano-Se on intestinal microbiota and the subsequently increased beneficial SCFA levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Pengju Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guohao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Meng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ankang, 725000, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhou P, Chen W, Zhu Z, Zhou K, Luo S, Hu S, Xia L, Ding X. Comparative Study of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X030 on the Intestinal Flora and Antibacterial Activity Against Aeromonas of Grass Carp. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:815436. [PMID: 35145928 PMCID: PMC8821659 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.815436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms to control bacterial diseases has been widely used in aquaculture, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BaX030) as a probiotic feed additive was a commonly biological control method. Added sucrose promoted the growth of BaX030, and the yield of its antibacterial substance macrolactin A was enhanced by 1.46-fold. A total of 2055 proteins were screened through proteomics, with 143 upregulated and 307 downregulated. Differential protein expression analysis and qRT-PCR verification showed that the pentose phosphate pathway and the fatty acid synthesis pathway were upregulated, thereby providing sufficient energy and precursors for the synthesis of macrolactin A. The influence of some potential regulatory factors (SecG, LiaI, MecG and ComG) on macrolactin A was discovered. After grass carp were fed with BaX030, the abundance of probiotics (Fusobacterium, Proteobacteria, Gemmobacter) were higher than the control group, and the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria (Planctomycetes, Aeromonas) were significantly lower than the control group. The cell and challenge experiments showed that BaX030 can significantly increase the expression of C3 and IL8 in the liver and kidney, which decreases the risk of immune organ disease. Moreover, BaX030 effectively reduced the mortality of grass carp. The results revealed that BaX030 can significantly improve the structure of the intestinal flora, enhance immunity and it is beneficial to the control of grass carp Aeromonas.
Collapse
|
35
|
Feng Z, Zhong Y, He G, Sun H, Chen Y, Zhou W, Lin S. Yeast culture improved the growth performance, liver function, intestinal barrier and microbiota of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed high-starch diet. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:706-715. [PMID: 34954371 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of yeast culture on the growth, health and microflora of the juvenile largemouth bass fed high-starch diet. The experiment set three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, control (high-starch diet), HSY1 (high-starch diet with 1% yeast culture) and HSY3 (high-starch diet with 3% yeast culture). A feeding trial was conducted in largemouth bass juveniles for 8 weeks. The results indicated fish fed with 3% yeast culture not only could improve specific growth rate (SGR), but also significantly decreased hepatic lipid content, hepatic glycogen content, and hepatopancreas somatic index (HSI) compared with the control group (p<0.05). The total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of HSY3 group significantly increased while malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly reduced in liver compared with the control group (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of hepatic Sod and Cat were up-regulated (p<0.05), and liver metabolism showed 111 metabolites were significantly changed in HSY3 group, liver lipid metabolism pathway remarkably changed. Besides, the intestinal anti-inflammatory cytokines were significantly up-regulated, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly down-regulated as the inclusion of yeast culture (p<0.05). Notably, HSY3 group diet up-regulated the expression of Zo-1, Claudin and Occludin in intestine compared with the other groups (p<0.05). Serum d-lactate (D-lac), diamine oxidase (DAO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) decreased significantly with the inclusion of yeast culture (p<0.05). Furthermore, the abundance of probiotics (such as Lactobacillus, Bacillus and Bifidobacterium) increased significantly, and the abundance of intestinal potential pathogenic bacteria (Plesiomonas) decreased in HSY3 group (p<0.05). The phenotypic analysis showed that gram-negative bacteria significantly decreased while gram-positive bacteria increased in HSY3 group (p<0.05). All in all, this study revealed that supplementation of 3% yeast culture can improve the growth performance and the health of juvenile largemouth bass, and has the potential to be used as an effective synbiotics for M. salmoides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuandong Feng
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| | - Yunfei Zhong
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Guanglun He
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Beijing Enhalor Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shimei Lin
- College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rohani MF, Islam SM, Hossain MK, Ferdous Z, Siddik MA, Nuruzzaman M, Padeniya U, Brown C, Shahjahan M. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics improved the functionality of aquafeed: Upgrading growth, reproduction, immunity and disease resistance in fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:569-589. [PMID: 34963656 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture plays an increasingly significant role in improving the sustainability of global fish production. This sector has been intensified with the advent of new husbandry practices and the development of new technology. However, the increasing intensification and indiscriminate commercialized farming has enhanced the vulnerability of cultivated aquatic species to damage from pathogens. In efforts to confront these various diseases, frequent use of drugs, antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, and agents for sterilization have unintentionally added to the risk of transmission of pathogens and harmful chemical compounds to consumers. Some natural dietary supplements are believed to have the potential to offset this setback in aquaculture. Application of bio-friendly feed additives such as probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are becoming popular dietary supplements with the potential to not only improve growth performance, but in some cases can also enhance immune competence and the overall well-being of fish and crustaceans. The present review discusses and summarizes the effects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics application on growth, stress mitigation, microbial composition of intestine, immune system and health condition of aquatic animals in association with existing constraints and future perspectives in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Fazle Rohani
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sm Majharul Islam
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kabir Hossain
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdous
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ab Siddik
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Nuruzzaman
- Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, BARC Complex, Farmgate, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Uthpala Padeniya
- FAO-World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Christopher Brown
- FAO-World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abdelhafiz Y, Fernandes JMO, Stefani E, Albanese D, Donati C, Kiron V. Power Play of Commensal Bacteria in the Buccal Cavity of Female Nile Tilapia. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:773351. [PMID: 34867911 PMCID: PMC8636895 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.773351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish are widely exposed to higher microbial loads compared to land and air animals. It is known that the microbiome plays an essential role in the health and development of the host. The oral microbiome is vital in females of different organisms, including the maternal mouthbrooding species such as Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The present study reports for the first time the microbial composition in the buccal cavity of female and male Nile tilapia reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. Mucus samples were collected from the buccal cavity of 58 adult fish (∼1 kg), and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to profile the microbial communities in females and males. The analysis revealed that opportunistic pathogens such as Streptococcus sp. were less abundant in the female buccal cavity. The power play of certain bacteria such as Acinetobacter, Acidobacteria (GP4 and GP6), and Saccharibacteria that have known metabolic advantages was evident in females compared to males. Association networks inferred from relative abundances showed few microbe–microbe interactions of opportunistic pathogens in female fish. The findings of opportunistic bacteria and their interactions with other microbes will be valuable for improving Nile tilapia rearing practices. The presence of bacteria with specific functions in the buccal cavity of female fish points to their ability to create a protective microbial ecosystem for the offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousri Abdelhafiz
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | | | - Erika Stefani
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Davide Albanese
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Claudio Donati
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wu PS, Liu CH, Hu SY. Probiotic Bacillus safensis NPUST1 Administration Improves Growth Performance, Gut Microbiota, and Innate Immunity against Streptococcus iniae in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Microorganisms 2021; 9:2494. [PMID: 34946096 PMCID: PMC8703608 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are considered ecofriendly alternatives to antibiotics as immunostimulants against pathogen infections in aquaculture. In the present study, protease-, amylase-, cellulase-, and xylanase-producing Bacillus safensis NPUST1 were isolated from the gut of Nile tilapia, and the beneficial effects of B. safensis NPUST1 on growth, innate immunity, disease resistance and gut microbiota in Nile tilapia were evaluated by feeding tilapia a basal diet or basal diet containing 105 and 106-107 CFU/g for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain, feed efficiency and specific growth rate were significantly increased in tilapia fed a diet containing 106 CFU/g and 107 CFU/g B. safensis NPUST1. Intestinal digestive enzymes, including protease, amylase and lipase, and hepatic mRNA expression of glucose metabolism and growth-related genes, such as GK, G6Pase, GHR and IGF-1, were also significantly increased in the 106 CFU/g and 107 CFU/g B. safensis NPUST1 treated groups. Immune parameters such as phagocytic activity, respiratory burst and superoxide dismutase activity in head kidney leukocytes, serum lysozyme, and the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and lysozyme genes were significantly induced in the head kidney and spleen of 106 CFU/g and 107 CFU/g B. safensis NPUST1 treated fish. The cumulative survival rate was significantly increased in fish fed a diet containing 106 CFU/g and 107 CFU/g B. safensis NPUST1 after challenge with Streptococcus iniae. Dietary supplementation with B. safensis NPUST1 improves the gut microbiota of Nile tilapia, which increases the abundance of potential probiotics and reduces the abundance of pathogenic pathogens. The present study is the first to report the use of B. safensis as a potential probiotic in aquaculture, and a diet containing 106 CFU/g B. safensis NPUST1 is adequate for providing beneficial effects on growth performance and health status in tilapia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shan Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hong Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yang Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dien LT, Ky LB, Huy BT, Mursalim MF, Kayansamruaj P, Senapin S, Rodkhum C, Dong HT. Characterization and protective effects of lytic bacteriophage pAh6.2TG against a pathogenic multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e435-e450. [PMID: 34514728 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage (phage) is considered as one of the alternatives to antibiotics and an environmentally friendly approach to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture. Here, we reported isolation, morphology and genomic characterizations of a newly isolated lytic phage, designated pAh6.2TG. Host range and stability of pAh6.2TG in different environmental conditions, and protective efficacy against a pathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia were subsequently evaluated. The results showed that pAh6.2TG is a member of the new family Chaseviridae which has genome size of 51,780 bp, encoding 65 putative open reading frames (ORFs) and is most closely related to Aeromonas phage PVN02 (99.33% nucleotide identity). The pAh6.2TG was highly specific to A. hydrophila and infected 83.3% tested strains of MDR A. hydrophila (10 out of 12) with relative stability at pH 7-9, temperature 0-40°C and salinity 0-40 ppt. In experimental challenge, pAh6.2TG treatments significantly improved survivability of Nile tilapia exposed to a lethal dose of the pathogenic MDR A. hydrophila, with relative per cent survival (RPS) of 73.3% and 50% for phage multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1.0 and 0.1, respectively. Phage treatment significantly reduced the concentration of A. hydrophila in both water and fish body. Interestingly, the surviving fish from A. hydrophila challenged groups provoked specific antibody (IgM) against this bacterium. In summary, the findings suggested that the lytic phage pAh6.2TG is an effective alternative to antibiotics to control MDR A. hydrophila in tilapia and possibly other freshwater fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Thanh Dien
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Center of Excellent in Fish Infectious Diseases (CEFID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Veterinary Science, The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Protection, Tien Giang University, Tien Giang, Vietnam
| | - Le Buu Ky
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Protection, Tien Giang University, Tien Giang, Vietnam
| | - Bui The Huy
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Protection, Tien Giang University, Tien Giang, Vietnam
| | - Muhammad Fadhlullah Mursalim
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Center of Excellent in Fish Infectious Diseases (CEFID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Veterinary Science, The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Veterinary Study Program, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Pattanapon Kayansamruaj
- Faculty of Fisheries, Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Aquaculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand.,Faculty of Science, Fish Health Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Center of Excellent in Fish Infectious Diseases (CEFID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- School of Environment, Resources and Development, Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sumon TA, Hussain MA, Hasan M, Rashid A, Abualreesh MH, Jang WJ, Sharifuzzaman SM, Brown CL, Lee EW, Hasan MT. Antiviral peptides from aquatic organisms: Functionality and potential inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2. AQUACULTURE (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 541:736783. [PMID: 33883784 PMCID: PMC8049179 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Several antiviral peptides (AVPs) from aquatic organisms have been effective in interfering with the actions of infectious viruses, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 and Herpes Simplex Virus-1 and 2. AVPs are able to block viral attachment or entry into host cells, inhibit internal fusion or replication events by suppressing viral gene transcription, and prevent viral infections by modulating host immunity. Therefore, as promising therapeutics, the potential of aquatic AVPs for use against the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is considered. At present no therapeutic drugs are yet available. A total of 32 AVPs derived from fish and shellfish species are discussed in this review paper with notes on their properties and mechanisms of action in the inhibition of viral diseases both in humans and animals, emphasizing on SARS-CoV-2. The molecular structure of novel SARS-CoV-2 with its entry mechanisms, clinical signs and symptoms are also discussed. In spite of only a few study of these AVPs against SARS-CoV-2, aquatic AVPs properties and infection pathways (entry, replication and particle release) into coronaviruses are linked in this paper to postulate an analysis of their potential but unconfirmed actions to impair SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tofael Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraf Hussain
- Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rashid
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Muyassar Hamid Abualreesh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Sharifuzzaman
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Christopher Lyon Brown
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Effects of Dietary Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum L7, Alone or in Combination with Limosilactobacillus reuteri P16, on Growth, Mucosal Immune Responses, and Disease Resistance of Cyprinus carpio. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1747-1758. [PMID: 34365579 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09820-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin mucosal lymphoid tissues of fish are the first line of defence against pathogen invasion. We investigated the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum L7, singularly or in combination with Limosilactobacillus reuteri P16, on mucosal immunity and diseases resistance of carp Cyprinus carpio. C. carpio (average weight: 26.28 ± 1.02 g) were divided into five experimental groups. Fish in each group were fed with one of the following potential probiotic-supplemented diets: control (0 - basal diet), D1 (107 CFU/g L7), D2 (108 CFU/g L7), D3 (109 CFU/g L7), and D4 (108 CFU/g L7 + 108 CFU/g P16). Eight weeks post-feeding, growth performance was higher in D4, with a final weight gain of 67.18 ± 1.47 g. Results showed a significantly higher skin mucosal lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, mucus protein level, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in D2 and D4 compared to the control. However, potential probiotics had no significant effect on skin mucosal immunoglobulin level. Skin mucus of D4 exhibited stronger inhibition zones against pathogenic bacterial strains. Moreover, digestive enzyme activities (protease, lipase) were highest in D4. Intesinal lactic acid bacterial counts of fish fed combind probiotics (i.e. D4) was significantly higher than the control. Further, supplementation of potential probiotics altered the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 cytokines. Fish from D4 exhibited significantly higher relative post-challenge survival (69.7%) against Aeromonas hydrophila, followed by D2 (66.67%). Therefore, the inclusion of L. plantarum subsp. plantarum L7 at 108 CFU/g or in combination with L. reuteri P16 could enhance the growth performance, mucosal immune responses, and disease resistance of C. carpio.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou P, Huang H, Lu J, Zhu Z, Xie J, Xia L, Luo S, Zhou K, Chen W, Ding X. The mutated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain shows high resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii in grass carp. Microbiol Res 2021; 250:126801. [PMID: 34139525 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X030 (BaX030) has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against the fish pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii. To improve its antibacterial effect, BaX030 was subjected to compound mutagenesis of atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) and nitrosoguanidine (NTG). The results showed that, compared with the original strain, the production of macrolactin A and oxydifficidin in mutated strain N-11 increased to 39 % and 268 %, respectively. The re-sequencing analysis suggested that there were SNPs and InDels in the gene clusters focused on the sucrose utilization pathway, glycolysis pathway and fatty acid synthesis pathway. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that strain N-11 became thin and long. The qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression of immune factors in the liver or kidney tissue of grass carp increased after feeding with N-11. H&E staining and protection experiments also showed that the mortality and surface symptoms of grass carp infected by the two pathogens were significantly reduced. The study identified a probiotic strain with potential application value in aquaculture production and provided a new strategy for the discovery of new strains with higher antibacterial biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Haiyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Jiaoyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Zirong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Junyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Liqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Sisi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Kexuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Wenhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Xuezhi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Probiotics in Fish Nutrition—Long-Standing Household Remedy or Native Nutraceuticals? WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, aquaculture production increased rapidly. The future development of the industry highly relies on the sustainable utilization of natural resources. The need for improving disease resistance, growth performance, food conversion, and product safety for human consumption has stimulated the application of probiotics in aquaculture. Probiotics increase growth and feed conversion, improve health status, raise disease resistance, decrease stress susceptibility, and improve general vigor. Currently, most probiotics still originate from terrestrial sources rather than fish. However, host-associated (autochthonous) probiotics are likely more persistent in the gastrointestinal tract of fish and may, therefore, exhibit longer-lasting effects on the host. Probiotic candidates are commonly screened in in vitro assays, but the transfer to in vivo assessment is often problematic. In conclusion, modulation of the host-associated microbiome by the use of complex probiotics is promising, but a solid understanding of the interactions involved is only in its infancy and requires further research. Probiotics could be used to explore novel ingredients such as chitin-rich insect meal, which cannot be digested by the fish host alone. Most importantly, probiotics offer the opportunity to improve stress and disease resistance, which is among the most pressing problems in aquaculture.
Collapse
|
44
|
Simón R, Docando F, Nuñez-Ortiz N, Tafalla C, Díaz-Rosales P. Mechanisms Used by Probiotics to Confer Pathogen Resistance to Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653025. [PMID: 33986745 PMCID: PMC8110931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host. The use of probiotics in aquaculture is an attractive bio-friendly method to decrease the impact of infectious diseases, but is still not an extended practice. Although many studies have investigated the systemic and mucosal immunological effects of probiotics, not all of them have established whether they were actually capable of increasing resistance to different types of pathogens, being this the outmost desired goal. In this sense, in the current paper, we have summarized those experiments in which probiotics were shown to provide increased resistance against bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens. Additionally, we have reviewed what is known for fish probiotics regarding the mechanisms through which they exert positive effects on pathogen resistance, including direct actions on the pathogen, as well as positive effects on the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu Z, Zhang Q, Lin Y, Hao J, Wang S, Zhang J, Li A. Taxonomic and Functional Characteristics of the Gill and Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Its Correlation with Intestinal Metabolites in NEW GIFT Strain of Farmed Adult Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030617. [PMID: 33802740 PMCID: PMC8002438 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gill and gastrointestinal tract are primary entry routes for pathogens. The symbiotic microbiota are essential to the health, nutrition and disease of fish. Though the intestinal microbiota of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has been extensively studied, information on the mucosa-associated microbiota of this species, especially the gill and gastrointestinal mucosa-associated microbiota, is lacking. This study aimed to characterize the gill and gastrointestinal mucosa- and digesta-associated microbiota, as well as the intestinal metabolite profiles in the New Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (NEW GIFT) strain of farmed adult Nile tilapia by high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics. The diversity, structure, composition, and predicted function of gastrointestinal microbiota were significantly different across gastrointestinal regions and sample types (Welch t-test; p < 0.05). By comparing the mucosa- and digesta-associated microbiota, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that Pelomonas, Ralstoniapickettii, Comamonadaceae, and Staphylococcus were significantly enriched in the mucosa-associated microbiota, whereas many bacterial taxa were significantly enriched in the digesta-associated microbiota, including Chitinophagaceae, Cetobacterium, CandidatusCompetibacter, Methyloparacoccus, and chloroplast (LDA score > 3.5). Furthermore, Undibacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, Paeniclostridium, and Cetobacterium were dominant in the intestinal contents and mucosae, whereas Sphingomonasaquatilis and Roseomonasgilardii were commonly found in the gill and stomach mucosae. The Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt2) analysis revealed that the predictive function of digesta-associated microbiota significantly differed from that of mucosa-associated microbiota (R = 0.8152, p = 0.0001). In addition, our results showed a significant interdependence between specific intestinal microbes and metabolites. Notably, the relative abundance values of several potentially beneficial microbes, including Undibacterium, Crenothrix, and Cetobacterium, were positively correlated with most intestinal metabolites, whereas the relative abundance values of some potential opportunistic pathogens, including Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, Paeniclostridium, Aeromonas, and Clostridiumsensustricto 1, were negatively correlated with most intestinal metabolites. This study revealed the characteristics of gill and gastrointestinal mucosa-associated and digesta-associated microbiota of farmed Nile tilapia and identified a close correlation between intestinal microbes and metabolites. The results serve as a basis for the effective application of targeted probiotics or prebiotics in the diet to regulate the nutrition and health of farmed tilapia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yaoyao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingwen Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Aihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (Z.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.H.); (S.W.); (J.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-68780053
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Saettone V, Biasato I, Radice E, Schiavone A, Bergero D, Meineri G. State-of-the-Art of the Nutritional Alternatives to the Use of Antibiotics in Humans and Monogastric Animals. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122199. [PMID: 33255356 PMCID: PMC7759783 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antibiotic resistance represents a worldwide recognized issue affecting both human and veterinary medicine, with a particular focus being directed towards monogastric animals destined for human consumption. This scenario is the result of frequent utilization of the antibiotics either for therapeutic purposes (humans and animals) or as growth promoters (farmed animals). Therefore, the search for nutritional alternatives has progressively been the object of significant efforts by the scientific community. So far, probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics are considered the most promising products, as they are capable of preventing or treating gastrointestinal diseases as well as restoring a eubiosis condition after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis development. This review provides an updated state-of-the-art of these nutritional alternatives in both humans and monogastric animals. Abstract In recent years, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has been perpetrated across human medicine, animals destined for zootechnical productions and companion animals. Apart from increasing the resistance rate of numerous microorganisms and generating multi-drug resistance (MDR), the nonrational administration of antibiotics causes sudden changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota such as dysbiotic phenomena that can have a great clinical significance for both humans and animals. The aim of this review is to describe the state-of-the-art of alternative therapies to the use of antibiotics and their effectiveness in humans and monogastric animals (poultry, pigs, fish, rabbits, dogs and cats). In particular, those molecules (probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics) which have a direct function on the gastrointestinal health are herein critically analysed in the prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal diseases or dysbiosis induced by the consumption of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Saettone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Ilaria Biasato
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisabetta Radice
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical School, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Domenico Bergero
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giorgia Meineri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Torino, Italy; (V.S.); (A.S.); (D.B.); (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sheng L, Wang L. The microbial safety of fish and fish products: Recent advances in understanding its significance, contamination sources, and control strategies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:738-786. [PMID: 33325100 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms play a crucial and unique role in fish and fish product safety. The presence of human pathogens and the formation of histamine caused by spoilage bacteria make the control of both pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms critical for fish product safety. To provide a comprehensive and updated overview of the involvement of microorganisms in fish and fish product safety, this paper reviewed outbreak and recall surveillance data obtained from government agencies from 1998 to 2018 and identified major safety concerns associated with both domestic and imported fish products. The review also summarized all available literature about the prevalence of major and emerging microbial safety concerns, including Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Aeromonas hydrophila, in different fish and fish products and the survival of these pathogens under different storage conditions. The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), two emerging food safety concerns, is also reviewed. Pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms as well as ARB and ARGs can be introduced into fish and fish products in both preharvest and postharvest stages. Many novel intervention strategies have been proposed and tested for the control of different microorganisms on fish and fish products. One key question that needs to be considered when developing and implementing novel control measures is how to ensure that the measures are cost and environment friendly as well as sustainable. Over the years, regulations have been established to provide guidance documents for good farming and processing practices. To be more prepared for the globalization of the food chain, harmonization of regulations is still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sheng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Luxin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tsai CY, Hu SY, Santos HM, Catulin GEM, Tayo LL, Chuang KP. Probiotic supplementation containing Bacillus velezensis enhances expression of immune regulatory genes against pigeon circovirus in pigeons (Columba livia). J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1695-1704. [PMID: 33048404 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we aimed to isolate and evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus velezensis as a probiotic and to assess its activity towards pigeons infected with pigeon circovirus (PiCV). METHODS AND RESULTS Bacillus velezensis, isolated from pigeon faeces, was orally administered to pigeons for 60 days. After pigeons were challenged with PiCV, the PiCV viral load and expression of indicator genes for innate immunity were detected in spleen tissue and faeces of pigeons. Bacillus velezensis significantly reduced the PiCV viral load in the faeces and spleen of pigeons 5 days post-challenge (dpc). The mRNA expression levels of treated pigeons showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1), and signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) genes were upregulated, whereas no expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) was detected. Moreover, toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and 4 (TLR4) were significantly upregulated in probiotic-treated pigeons (P < 0·05). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report showing that probiotic supplementation can effectively enhance the T-helper type 1 immune response and decrease the PiCV viral loads in pigeons. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study proposes that the administration of a probiotic strain, B. velezensis, to pigeons can protect against PiCV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Tsai
- International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - S-Y Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - H M Santos
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
| | - G E M Catulin
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
| | - L L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
| | - K P Chuang
- International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaoshiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mohammadi G, Rafiee G, Abdelrahman HA. Effects of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum (KC426951) in biofloc and stagnant-renewal culture systems on growth performance, mucosal parameters, and serum innate responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1167-1181. [PMID: 32133574 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum (KC426951) on growth and innate responses of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were evaluated in biofloc technology system and stagnant-renewal culture system (SRCS). The 90-day-long experiment contained four treatments: SRCS without probiotic (T1), SRCS with probiotic (T2), biofloc without probiotic (T3), and biofloc with probiotic (T4). The administration dose of probiotic was 2 × 108 CFU kg-1 diet. At the end of experiment, the mean final weights, specific growth rates, feed conversion ratios, and total biomass were significantly (P < 0.05) better in BFT treatments, with no significant effect of probiotic on these parameters in both culture systems. Meanwhile, skin mucosal parameters including total protein (TP), lysozyme (LYZ), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and protease (PRO) activity were significantly enhanced following probiotic supplementation. T4 treatment displayed a significantly higher LYZ and ALP activity in mucus versus other treatments. Also, serum alternative complement activity was significantly heightened in probiotic-supplemented fish. Superoxide dismutase activity in T4 was detected higher than that of SRCS groups. The results of the current study demonstrated the enhancement of some mucosal and serum innate responses of Nile tilapia in both culture systems upon L. plantarum (KC426951) supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Rafiee
- Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Hisham A Abdelrahman
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|