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Rudolph S, Roh TT, Longo B, Shokoufandeh M, Mumuney F, Chadha A, Wang X, Li G, Wang X, Chen Y, Kaplan D. Perfused In Vitro Intestine Tissue Model to Evaluate the Role of Stromal and Immune Cells in Epithelial Response to Inflammatory Cues and Drug Therapies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 39146214 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
We establish an in vitro perfusion intestinal tissue bioreactor system tailored to study drug responses related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The system includes key components including multiple human intestinal cell types (colonoids, myofibroblasts, and macrophages), a three-dimensional (3D) intestinal architecture, and fluid flow. Inclusion of myofibroblasts resulted in increased secretion of cytokines such as glypican-1 (GCP-1), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin 1-α (IL-1α), whereas inclusion of macrophages resulted in increased secretion of monocyte chemoattractant proteins (MCPs) demonstrating a significant role of both stromal and immune cell types in intestinal inflammation. The system is responsive to drug treatments, as reflected in the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production in tissue in some treatment scenarios. While future studies are needed to evaluate more nuanced responses in an IBD context, the present study demonstrates the ability to establish a 3D intestinal model with multiple relevant cell types and flow that is responsive to both inflammatory cues and various drug treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rudolph
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Terrence T Roh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Brooke Longo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Mina Shokoufandeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Fatimah Mumuney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Anushka Chadha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Mok TC, Mok CC. Non-TNF biologics and their biosimilars in rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:599-613. [PMID: 38766765 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2358165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that affects both the articular and extra-articular structures, leading to significant joint damage, disability and excess mortality. The treatment algorithm of RA has changed tremendously in the past 1-2 decades because of the emergence of novel biological therapies that target different mechanisms of action in addition to TNFα. AREAS COVERED This article summarizes the evidence and safety of the non-TNF biological DMARDs in the treatment of RA, including those that target B cells, T-cell co-stimulation, interleukin (IL)-6 and granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The targeted synthetic DMARDs such as the Janus kinase inhibitors are not included. The availability of the less costly biosimilars has enabled more patients to receive biological therapy earlier in the course of the disease. The evidence for the non-TNF biosimilar compounds in RA is also reviewed. EXPERT OPINION There are unmet needs of developing novel therapeutic agents to enhance the response rate and provide more options for difficult-to-treat RA. These include the newer generation biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs. A personalized treatment strategy in RA requires evaluation of the cellular, cytokine, genomic and transcriptomic profile that would predict treatment response to biologic or targeted DMARDs of different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Ching Mok
- Department of Medicine, Ruttonjee Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Chiu Mok
- Department of Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Jia W, Ma L, Yu X, Wang F, Yang Q, Wang X, Fan M, Gu Y, Meng R, Wang J, Li Y, Li R, Shao X, Wang YL. Human CD56 +CD39 + dNK cells support fetal survival through controlling trophoblastic cell fate: immune mechanisms of recurrent early pregnancy loss. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae142. [PMID: 38966071 PMCID: PMC11223582 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells are the most abundant immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy in both mice and humans, and emerging single-cell transcriptomic studies have uncovered various human dNK subsets that are disrupted in patients experiencing recurrent early pregnancy loss (RPL) at early gestational stage, suggesting a connection between abnormal proportions or characteristics of dNK subsets and RPL pathogenesis. However, the functional mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Here, we established a mouse model by adoptively transferring human dNK cells into pregnant NOG (NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull) mice, where human dNK cells predominantly homed into the uteri of recipients. Using this model, we observed a strong correlation between the properties of human dNK cells and pregnancy outcome. The transfer of dNK cells from RPL patients (dNK-RPL) remarkably worsened early pregnancy loss and impaired placental trophoblast cell differentiation in the recipients. These adverse effects were effectively reversed by transferring CD56+CD39+ dNK cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that CD56+CD39+ dNK subset facilitates early differentiation of mouse trophoblast stem cells (mTSCs) towards both invasive and syncytial pathways through secreting macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Administration of recombinant M-CSF to NOG mice transferred with dNK-RPL efficiently rescued the exacerbated pregnancy outcomes and fetal/placental development. Collectively, this study established a novel humanized mouse model featuring functional human dNK cells homing into the uteri of recipients and uncovered the pivotal role of M-CSF in fetal-supporting function of CD56+CD39+ dNK cells during early pregnancy, highlighting that M-CSF may be a previously unappreciated therapeutic target for intervening RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Feiyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Qian Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoye Wang
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengjie Fan
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Family Planning, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Prenatal Screening, Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jian Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rong Li
- National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Reproductive Biology, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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Chen Y, Zhou M, Liu J, Chi J, Yang X, Du Q, Ren X, Tian K. Multiple effects of dose-related GM-CSF on periodontal resorption in deep-frozen grafted teeth: A reverse study. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111745. [PMID: 38430803 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Autologous tooth grafting is a dental restorative modality based on periodontal ligament healing.Human periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs) are involved in the formation and remodeling of periodontal tissue.Based on previous findings, the proliferation and differentiation of processing cryopreserved periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) exhibit similarities to those of fresh cells. However, there is evident absorption in the transplanted frozen tooth's roots and bones, with the underlying cause remaining unknown. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) is named for its produce granulocyte and macrophage precursors from bone marrow precursors, and it also serves as one of the regulatory factors in inflammatory and osteoclast formation. This study aimed to investigate changes in GM-CSF expression in frozen PDLSCs (fhPDLSCs) and evaluate the impact of GM-CSF on PDLSCs with respect to cellular activity and osteogenic ability. The role of GM-CSF in periodontal absorption was further speculated by comparing with IL-1β. The results revealed a significant increase in GM-CSF levels from fhPDLSCs compared to fresh cells, which exhibited an equivalent inflammatory stimulation effect as 1 ng/ml IL-1β. Cell viability also increased with increasing concentrations of GM-CSF; however, the GM-CSF from fhPDLSCs was not sufficient to significantly trigger osteoclastic factors. Considering its interaction with IL-1β and positive feedback mechanism, environments with high doses of GM-CSF derived from fhPDLSCs are more likely to activate osteoclastic responses.Therefore, for frozen tooth replantation, great attention should be paid to anti-inflammation and anti-infection.GM-CSF may serve as a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting periodontal resorption in delayed grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Chengfei Hospital, Chengdu 610091, China
| | - Juanxiu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Junzhou Chi
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaohua Ren
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Kun Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Yuan C, Zhao X, Feng Y, Chen L, Lin Y, Li T, Song Q. Comparison of B cells' immune response induced by PEDV virulent and attenuated strains. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1344344. [PMID: 38585694 PMCID: PMC10995339 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1344344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an acute, highly contagious enterovirus that infects pigs of all ages. The B cells are important for antigen presentation, antibody production, and cytokine secretion to resist infection. However, the role of B cells in PEDV infection remains unclear. In this study, the effects of PEDV virulent (QY2016) and attenuated strains (CV777) on B cells sorted from neonatal piglets, nursery piglets, and gilts were investigated. The results showed that PEDV-QY2016 and PEDV-CV777 could significantly increase the expression of CD54 and CD27 in B cells from neonatal piglets. The percentages of CD80, MHC II, and IgM expressed on neonatal piglet B cells infected with PEDV-QY2016 were significantly lower than those expressed on the B cells infected with PEDV-CV777. Both PEDV-QY2016 and PEDV-CV777 could stimulate IFN-α and GM-CSF secretions in neonatal piglet B cells; IL-1, IFN-α, and IL-4 secretion in nursery piglet B cells; and IL-1, TGF-β secretion, and GM-CSF in gilt B cells. Furthermore, both PEDV-QY2016 and PEDV-CV777 could induce the secretion of IgA, IgM, and IgG in nursery piglet B cells but could not induce the secretion of IgA, IgM, and IgG in neonatal piglet B cells. The secretion of IgA, IgM, and IgG was significantly higher by the PEDV-CV777 strains infected B cells than those by the PEDV-QY2016 strains infected gilt B cells. In conclusion, the surface molecule expression, cytokine secretion, and antibody production of B cells induced by PEDV are closely related to the ages of pigs and the virulence of the PEDV strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Yawen Feng
- Hebei Provincial Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ligong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Yidan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Tanqing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Qinye Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
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Huang M, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhou L, Liao R, Wu A, Wang X, Luo J, Huang F, Zou W, Wu J. Interleukins in Platelet Biology: Unraveling the Complex Regulatory Network. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:109. [PMID: 38256942 PMCID: PMC10820339 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukins, a diverse family of cytokines produced by various cells, play crucial roles in immune responses, immunoregulation, and a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. In the context of megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and platelet function, interleukins have emerged as key regulators, exerting significant influence on the development, maturation, and activity of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets. While the therapeutic potential of interleukins in platelet-related diseases has been recognized for decades, their clinical application has been hindered by limitations in basic research and challenges in drug development. Recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of interleukins and their interactions with MKs and platelets, coupled with breakthroughs in cytokine engineering, have revitalized the field of interleukin-based therapeutics. These breakthroughs have paved the way for the development of more effective and specific interleukin-based therapies for the treatment of platelet disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of interleukins on megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and platelet function. It highlights the potential clinical applications of interleukins in regulating megakaryopoiesis and platelet function and discusses the latest bioengineering technologies that could improve the pharmacokinetic properties of interleukins. By synthesizing the current knowledge in this field, this review aims to provide valuable insights for future research into the clinical application of interleukins in platelet-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Anguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Xinle Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Feihong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Wenjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education of China, Luzhou 646000, China
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Liu S, Wu W, Du Y, Yin H, Chen Q, Yu W, Wang W, Yu J, Liu L, Lou W, Pu N. The evolution and heterogeneity of neutrophils in cancers: origins, subsets, functions, orchestrations and clinical applications. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:148. [PMID: 37679744 PMCID: PMC10483725 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most prevalent innate immune cells in humans, have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their involvement in cancer progression. This comprehensive review aimed to elucidate the important roles and underlying mechanisms of neutrophils in cancer from the perspective of their whole life cycle, tracking them from development in the bone marrow to circulation and finally to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Based on an understanding of their heterogeneity, we described the relationship between abnormal neutrophils and clinical manifestations in cancer. Specifically, we explored the function, origin, and polarization of neutrophils within the TME. Furthermore, we also undertook an extensive analysis of the intricate relationship between neutrophils and clinical management, including neutrophil-based clinical treatment strategies. In conclusion, we firmly assert that directing future research endeavors towards comprehending the remarkable heterogeneity exhibited by neutrophils is of paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenchuan Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yueshan Du
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiangda Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weisheng Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Wenhui Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ning Pu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Dharra R, Kumar Sharma A, Datta S. Emerging aspects of cytokine storm in COVID-19: The role of proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic prospects. Cytokine 2023; 169:156287. [PMID: 37402337 PMCID: PMC10291296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has claimed millions of lives during the last 3 years since initial cases were reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Patients with COVID-19 suffer from severe pneumonia, high fever, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiple-organ dysfunction, which may also result in fatality in extreme cases. Cytokine storm (CS) is hyperactivation of the immune system, wherein the dysregulated production of proinflammatory cytokines could result in excessive immune cell infiltrations in the pulmonary tissues, resulting in tissue damage. The immune cell infiltration could also occur in other tissues and organs and result in multiple organs' dysfunction. The key cytokines implicated in the onset of disease severity include TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, GM-CSF, and G-CSF. Controlling the CS is critical in treating COVID-19 disease. Therefore, different strategies are employed to mitigate the effects of CS. These include using monoclonal antibodies directed against soluble cytokines or the cytokine receptors, combination therapies, mesenchymal stem cell therapy, therapeutic plasma exchange, and some non-conventional treatment methods to improve patient immunity. The current review describes the role/s of critical cytokines in COVID-19-mediated CS and the respective treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Dharra
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39 A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bio-Science and Technology, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India
| | - Sonal Datta
- Department of Bio-Science and Technology, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India.
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Alattar H, Xu H, Zenke M, Lutz MB. Fully functional monocytic MDSC generation from the murine HoxB8 cell line. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350466. [PMID: 37367431 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) play a crucial role in controlling T-cell responses, but their development and suppressor mechanisms are not fully understood. To study the molecular functions of MDSC, a large number of standardized cells are required. Traditionally, bone marrow (BM) has been used to generate myeloid cell types, including MDSC. In this study, we demonstrate that a previously described protocol for generating monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) from murine BM with GM-CSF can be fully transferred to BM cells that are conditionally transformed with HoxB8 gene (HoxB8 cells). HoxB8 cells have an extended lifespan and efficiently differentiate into MDSC that are quantitatively and qualitatively comparable to M-MDSC from BM cells. Flow cytometric analyses of LPS/IFN-γ activated cultures revealed the same iNOS+ and/or Arg1+ PD-L1high M-MDSC subsets in similar frequencies from BM or HoxB8 cells. In vitro suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferations was also largely comparable in their efficacy and its iNOS- or Arg1-dependent suppressor mechanisms, which was confirmed by the similar amounts of nitric oxide (NO) secretion measured from the suppressor assay. Therefore, our data suggest that murine M-MDSC generation from HoxB8 cells with GM-CSF can be used to substitute BM cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisam Alattar
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Huaming Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Manfred B Lutz
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Tsioumpekou M, Krijgsman D, Leusen JHW, Olofsen PA. The Role of Cytokines in Neutrophil Development, Tissue Homing, Function and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:1981. [PMID: 37566060 PMCID: PMC10417597 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are crucial innate immune cells and comprise 50-70% of the white blood cell population under homeostatic conditions. Upon infection and in cancer, blood neutrophil numbers significantly increase because of the secretion of various chemo- and cytokines by, e.g., leukocytes, pericytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells present in the inflamed tissue or in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The function of neutrophils in cancer has recently gained considerable attention, as they can exert both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions, dependent on the cytokine milieu present in the TME. Here, we review the effect of cytokines on neutrophil development, tissue homing, function and plasticity in cancer and autoimmune diseases as well as under physiological conditions in the bone marrow, bloodstream and various organs like the spleen, kidney, liver, lung and lymph nodes. In addition, we address several promising therapeutic options, such as cytokine therapy, immunocytokines and immunotherapy, which aim to exploit the anti-tumorigenic potential of neutrophils in cancer treatment or block excessive neutrophil-mediated inflammation in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsioumpekou
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
| | - Daniëlle Krijgsman
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette H. W. Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
| | - Patricia A. Olofsen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (D.K.); (J.H.W.L.)
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11
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Eltalkhawy YM, Takahashi N, Ariumi Y, Shimizu J, Miyazaki K, Senju S, Suzu S. iPS cell-derived model to study the interaction between tissue macrophage and HIV-1. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:53-67. [PMID: 36976024 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite effective antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1 persists in cells, including macrophages, which is an obstacle to cure. However, the precise role of macrophages in HIV-1 infection remains unclear because they reside in tissues that are not easily accessible. Monocyte-derived macrophages are widely used as a model in which peripheral blood monocytes are cultured and differentiated into macrophages. However, another model is needed because recent studies revealed that most macrophages in adult tissues originate from the yolk sac and fetal liver precursors rather than monocytes, and the embryonic macrophages possess a self-renewal (proliferating) capacity that monocyte-derived macrophages lack. Here, we show that human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells are a useful self-renewing macrophage model. They proliferate in a cytokine-dependent manner, retain macrophage functions, support HIV-1 replication, and exhibit infected monocyte-derived macrophage-like phenotypes, such as enhanced tunneling nanotube formation and cell motility, as well as resistance to a viral cytopathic effect. However, several differences are also observed between monocyte-derived macrophages and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells, most of which can be explained by the proliferation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells. For instance, proviruses with large internal deletions, which increased over time in individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy, are enriched more rapidly in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells. Interestingly, inhibition of viral transcription by HIV-1-suppressing agents is more obvious in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells. Collectively, our present study proposes that the model of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived immortalized macrophage-like cells is suitable for mimicking the interplay between HIV-1 and self-renewing tissue macrophages, the newly recognized major population in most tissues that cannot be fully modeled by monocyte-derived macrophages alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef M Eltalkhawy
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto-city, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Naofumi Takahashi
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto-city, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ariumi
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto-city, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Jun Shimizu
- MiCAN Technologies Inc., Goryo-ohara 1-36, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
| | - Kazuo Miyazaki
- MiCAN Technologies Inc., Goryo-ohara 1-36, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
| | - Satoru Senju
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto-city, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto-city, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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12
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Cao J, Xu H, Yu Y, Xu Z. Regulatory roles of cytokines in T and B lymphocytes-mediated immunity in teleost fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 144:104621. [PMID: 36801469 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
T and B lymphocytes (T and B cells) are immune effector cells that play critical roles in adaptive immunity and defend against external pathogens in most vertebrates, including teleost fish. In mammals, the development and immune response of T and B cells is associated with cytokines including chemokines, interferons, interleukins, lymphokines, and tumor necrosis factors during pathogenic invasion or immunization. Given that teleost fish have evolved a similar adaptive immune system to mammals with T and B cells bearing unique receptors (B-cell receptors (BCRs) and T-cell receptors (TCRs)) and that cytokines in general have been identified, whether the regulatory roles of cytokines in T and B cell-mediated immunity are evolutionarily conserved between mammalians and teleost fish is a fascinating question. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of teleost cytokines and T and B cells as well as the regulatory roles of cytokines on these two types of lymphocytes. This may provide important information on the parallelisms and dissimilarities of the functions of cytokines in bony fish versus higher vertebrates, which may aid in the evaluation and development of adaptive immunity-based vaccines or immunostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Cao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongyao Yu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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13
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Brown FN, Iwasawa E, Shula C, Fugate EM, Lindquist DM, Mangano FT, Goto J. Early postnatal microglial ablation in the Ccdc39 mouse model reveals adverse effects on brain development and in neonatal hydrocephalus. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:42. [PMID: 37296418 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hydrocephalus is a congenital abnormality resulting in an inflammatory response and microglial cell activation both clinically and in animal models. Previously, we reported a mutation in a motile cilia gene, Ccdc39 that develops neonatal progressive hydrocephalus (prh) with inflammatory microglia. We discovered significantly increased amoeboid-shaped activated microglia in periventricular white matter edema, reduced mature homeostatic microglia in grey matter, and reduced myelination in the prh model. Recently, the role of microglia in animal models of adult brain disorders was examined using cell type-specific ablation by colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, however, little information exists regarding the role of microglia in neonatal brain disorders such as hydrocephalus. Therefore, we aim to see if ablating pro-inflammatory microglia, and thus suppressing the inflammatory response, in a neonatal hydrocephalic mouse line could have beneficial effects. METHODS In this study, Plexxikon 5622 (PLX5622), a CSF1R inhibitor, was subcutaneously administered to wild-type (WT) and prh mutant mice daily from postnatal day (P) 3 to P7. MRI-estimated brain volume was compared with untreated WT and prh mutants P7-9 and immunohistochemistry of the brain sections was performed at P8 and P18-21. RESULTS PLX5622 injections successfully ablated IBA1-positive microglia in both the WT and prh mutants at P8. Of the microglia that are resistant to PLX5622 treatment, there was a higher percentage of amoeboid-shaped microglia, identified by morphology with retracted processes. In PLX-treated prh mutants, there was increased ventriculomegaly and no change in the total brain volume was observed. Also, the PLX5622 treatment significantly reduced myelination in WT mice at P8, although this was recovered after full microglia repopulation by P20. Microglia repopulation in the mutants worsened hypomyelination at P20. CONCLUSIONS Microglia ablation in the neonatal hydrocephalic brain does not improve white matter edema, and actually worsens ventricular enlargement and hypomyelination, suggesting critical functions of homeostatic ramified microglia to better improve brain development with neonatal hydrocephalus. Future studies with detailed examination of microglial development and status may provide a clarification of the need for microglia in neonatal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah N Brown
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eri Iwasawa
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Crystal Shula
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Fugate
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Diana M Lindquist
- Department of Radiology, Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Francesco T Mangano
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - June Goto
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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14
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Dermitzakis I, Theotokis P, Evangelidis P, Delilampou E, Evangelidis N, Chatzisavvidou A, Avramidou E, Manthou ME. CNS Border-Associated Macrophages: Ontogeny and Potential Implication in Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4285-4300. [PMID: 37232741 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Being immune privileged, the central nervous system (CNS) is constituted by unique parenchymal and non-parenchymal tissue-resident macrophages, namely, microglia and border-associated macrophages (BAMs), respectively. BAMs are found in the choroid plexus, meningeal and perivascular spaces, playing critical roles in maintaining CNS homeostasis while being phenotypically and functionally distinct from microglial cells. Although the ontogeny of microglia has been largely determined, BAMs need comparable scrutiny as they have been recently discovered and have not been thoroughly explored. Newly developed techniques have transformed our understanding of BAMs, revealing their cellular heterogeneity and diversity. Recent data showed that BAMs also originate from yolk sac progenitors instead of bone marrow-derived monocytes, highlighting the absolute need to further investigate their repopulation pattern in adult CNS. Shedding light on the molecular cues and drivers orchestrating BAM generation is essential for delineating their cellular identity. BAMs are receiving more attention since they are gradually incorporated into neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disease evaluations. The present review provides insights towards the current understanding regarding the ontogeny of BAMs and their involvement in CNS diseases, paving their way into targeted therapeutic strategies and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasonas Dermitzakis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Evangelidis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efthymia Delilampou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Evangelidis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Chatzisavvidou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Avramidou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Eleni Manthou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Waghmare CM, Pawar HJ, Deshpande NS, Karle RR, Angarkar NN, Thakur PK. Pretreatment hematological parameters as predictors of tumor granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor expression in patients of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:657-663. [PMID: 37470590 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_983_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumor secreting granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and/or G-CSF therapy has been documented as a poor prognostic factor. Tumor G-CSF study is a relatively costly and sparsely available investigation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to predict tumor G-CSF score from pretreatment hematological parameters (PTHP) in patients of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods This pilot study was performed after institutional ethics committee approval. Consecutive nonmetastatic HNSCC patients of oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx registered from February to December 2019 were analyzed. Patients whose PTHP and formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded tissue were available, were included. PTHP (absolute neutrophil count [ANC], absolute monocyte count [AMC], absolute lymphocyte count [ALC], neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [PLR]) done before any active oncology treatment, were noted. A semiquantitative tumor G-CSF score was calculated. Tumor G-CSF score and PTHP were correlated with clinicopathological factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SYSTAT version 12. Results Data of 47 eligible patients were analyzed. The median age at presentation was 60 years. The male-to-female ratio was 43:4. The most common head-and-neck subsite was oropharynx (31.92%), and majority of patients presented with Stage IVA disease (51.1%). Higher tumor G-CSF score was significantly associated with a higher T-stage (P = 0.013). Tumor G-CSF score was directly proportional to ANC, AMC, and ALC while it was inversely proportional to NLR and PLR. Regression equations to predict the tumor G-CSF score when PTHP are known, were determined. Conclusions PTHP can predict the tumor G-CSF score which may guide G-CSF-directed therapy. Future studies with large number of patients are needed to elucidate its clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hemant J Pawar
- Department of Medical Statistics, PRH, PMTPIMS, Ahmadnagar, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Ravindra R Karle
- Department of Pathology, RMC and PRH, PMTPIMS, Ahmadnagar, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar Thakur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, RMC and PRH, PMTPIMS, Ahmadnagar, Maharashtra, India
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16
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Stonedahl S, Leser JS, Clarke P, Potter H, Boyd TD, Tyler KL. Treatment with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Reduces Viral Titers in the Brains of West Nile Virus-Infected Mice and Improves Survival. J Virol 2023; 97:e0180522. [PMID: 36802227 PMCID: PMC10062152 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01805-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of epidemic arboviral encephalitis in the United States. As there are currently no proven antiviral therapies or licensed human vaccines, understanding the neuropathogenesis of WNV is critical for rational therapeutic design. In WNV-infected mice, the depletion of microglia leads to enhanced viral replication, increased central nervous system (CNS) tissue injury, and increased mortality, suggesting that microglia play a critical role in protection against WNV neuroinvasive disease. To determine if augmenting microglial activation would provide a potential therapeutic strategy, we administered granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to WNV-infected mice. Recombinant human GM-CSF (rHuGMCSF) (sargramostim [Leukine]) is an FDA-approved drug used to increase white blood cells following leukopenia-inducing chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation. Daily treatment of both uninfected and WNV-infected mice with subcutaneous injections of GM-CSF resulted in microglial proliferation and activation as indicated by the enhanced expression of the microglia activation marker ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) and several microglia-associated inflammatory cytokines, including CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-10. In addition, more microglia adopted an activated morphology as demonstrated by increased sizes and more pronounced processes. GM-CSF-induced microglial activation in WNV-infected mice was associated with reduced viral titers and apoptotic activity (caspase 3) in the brains of WNV-infected mice and significantly increased survival. WNV-infected ex vivo brain slice cultures (BSCs) treated with GM-CSF also showed reduced viral titers and caspase 3 apoptotic cell death, indicating that GM-CSF specifically targets the CNS and that its actions are not dependent on peripheral immune activity. Our studies suggest that stimulation of microglial activation may be a viable therapeutic approach for the treatment of WNV neuroinvasive disease. IMPORTANCE Although rare, WNV encephalitis poses a devastating health concern, with few treatment options and frequent long-term neurological sequelae. Currently, there are no human vaccines or specific antivirals against WNV infections, so further research into potential new therapeutic agents is critical. This study presents a novel treatment option for WNV infections using GM-CSF and lays the foundation for further studies into the use of GM-CSF as a treatment for WNV encephalitis as well as a potential treatment for other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stonedahl
- Department of Immunology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - J. Smith Leser
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Penny Clarke
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- University of Colorado Alzheimer’s and Cognition Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Timothy D. Boyd
- University of Colorado Alzheimer’s and Cognition Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Tyler
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Denver VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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17
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Cheruku S, Rao V, Pandey R, Rao Chamallamudi M, Velayutham R, Kumar N. Tumor-associated macrophages employ immunoediting mechanisms in colorectal tumor progression: Current research in Macrophage repolarization immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109569. [PMID: 36773572 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the most prolific resident of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that regulate its TME into tumor suppressive or progressive milieu by utilizing immunoediting machinery. Here, the tumor cells construct an immunosuppressive microenvironment that educates TAMs to polarize from anti-tumor TAM-M1 to pro-tumor TAM-M2 phenotype consequently contributing to tumor progression. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the TME displays a prominent pro-tumorigenic immune profile with elevated expression of immune-checkpoint molecules notably PD-1, CTLA4, etc., in both MSI and ultra-mutated MSS tumors. This authenticated immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) immunotherapy as a pre-requisite for clinical benefit in CRC. However, in response to ICI, specifically, the MSIhi tumors evolved to produce novel immune escape variants thus undermining ICI. Lately, TAM-directed therapies extending from macrophage depletion to repolarization have enabled TME alteration. While TAM accrual implicates clinical benefit in CRC, sustained inflammatory insult may program TAMs to shift from M1 to M2 phenotype. Their ability to oscillate on both facets of the spectrum represents macrophage repolarization immunotherapy as an effective approach to treating CRC. In this review, we briefly discuss the differentiation heterogeneity of colonic macrophages that partake in macrophage-directed immunoediting mechanisms in CRC progression and its employment in macrophage re-polarization immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- SriPragnya Cheruku
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vanishree Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravichandiran Velayutham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India.
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18
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Abstract
Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant. Clinical correlative data and a plethora of preclinical studies in mouse models of cancers have shown that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a cancer-promoting role. Within the primary tumour, TAMs promote tumour cell invasion and intravasation and tumour stem cell viability and induce angiogenesis. At the metastatic site, metastasis-associated macrophages promote extravasation, tumour cell survival and persistent growth, as well as maintain tumour cell dormancy in some contexts. In both the primary and metastatic sites, TAMs are suppressive to the activities of cytotoxic T and natural killer cells that have the potential to eradicate tumours. Such activities suggest that TAMs will be a major target for therapeutic intervention. In this Perspective article, we chronologically explore the evolution of our understanding of TAM biology put into the context of major enabling advances in macrophage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC-Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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19
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Chang WH, Hsu SW, Zhang J, Li JM, Yang DC, Chu CW, Yoo EH, Zhang W, Yu SL, Chen CH. MTAP deficiency contributes to immune landscape remodelling and tumour evasion. Immunology 2023; 168:331-345. [PMID: 36183155 PMCID: PMC9840685 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency occurs in various malignancies and is associated with poor survival in cancer patients. However, the mechanisms underlying tumour progression due to MTAP loss are yet to be elucidated. Utilizing integrated analyses of the transcriptome, proteome and secretome, we demonstrated that MTAP deficiency alters tumour-intrinsic, immune-related pathways and reprograms cytokine profiles towards a tumour-favourable environment. Additionally, MTAP-knockout cells exhibited a marked increase in the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1. Upon co-culturing primary T cells with cancer cells, MTAP loss-mediated PD-L1 upregulation inhibited T cell-mediated killing activity and induced several T cell exhaustion markers. In two xenograft tumour models, we showed a modest increase in average volume of tumours derived from MTAP-deficient cells than that of MTAP-proficient tumours. Surprisingly, a remarkable increase in tumour size was observed in humanized mice bearing MTAP-deficient tumours, as compared to their MTAP-expressing counterparts. Following immunophenotypic characterization of tumour-infiltrating leukocytes by mass cytometry analysis, MTAP-deficient tumours were found to display decreased immune infiltrates with lower proportions of both T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and higher proportions of immunosuppressive cells as compared to MTAP-expressing tumour xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that MTAP deficiency restructures the tumour immune microenvironment, promoting tumour progression and immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsin Chang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ssu-Wei Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ji-Min Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - David C. Yang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Chih-Wei Chu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Estelle H. Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Weici Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsien Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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20
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Khalighfard S, Khori V, Esmati E, Ahmadi F, Amiriani T, Poorkhani A, Sadani S, Khodayari S, Khodayari H, Kalhori MR, Keshavarz P, Alizadeh AM. Breast tumor metastasis following filgrastim administration due to the SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 40:74. [PMID: 36609711 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Filgrastim, a recombinant type of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), has a high potential to manage chemotherapy-induced leukopenia. It can increase stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) which may stimulate C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) to migrate bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells to the bloodstream. Here, we aimed to investigate in vitro and in vivo effects of filgrastim on cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. A lentivirus vector of the anti-CXCR4 receptor was first used for the CXCR4 knockout. Effects of filgrastim on cell proliferation and migration were then investigated on 4T1 cells by Transwell migration and wound healing assay. At last, the effects of filgrastim on cell metastasis and the possible involved mechanisms have been investigated in a metastatic murine breast tumor. The knockout of the CXCR4 receptor could lead to a decrease in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of the 4T1 cells. Filgrastim could directly target SDF-1 and upregulate the expression of the CXCR4 receptor. The knockout of the CXCR4 receptor reduced cell metastasis in an animal model of breast cancer. CXCR4 receptor stimulation by the filgrastim-affected pathways is a conserved evolutionary response that could increase cancer cell proliferation and consequent cell metastasis. Our results suggest that the activation of the CXCR4 receptor is a conserved evolutionary response that can increase cell proliferation, migration, and consequent metastasis. It seems that filgrastim may increase the chance of cancer cell metastasis in people continuously receiving it to increase the number of neutrophils. Filgrastim induces the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis on tumor cell growth. SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 are vital targets for filgrastim. The CXCR4 can stimulate the PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. The SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway promotes cell chemotaxis and proliferation via MAPKs signaling. It also enhances cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis, increasing tumor cell metastasis. The STAT3-mediated inflammation is essential for tumorigenesis processes, and Akt, Wnt, STAT3, and CXCR4 signaling pathways are all correlated. CXCR4 = C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, SDF-1 = stromal-derived-factor-1, MAPK = mitogen activated protein kinase; NF-κB = nuclear factor-κB, PI3K = phosphoinositide 3-kinase, JAK = Janus kinase, STAT = signal transducer and activator of transcription, PLC = phospholipase C, PKC = Protein kinase C, GRK = G protein-coupled receptor kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Khalighfard
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center on Developing Advanced Technologies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Esmati
- Radiation Oncology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnazsadat Ahmadi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amirhoushang Poorkhani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Sadani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine (ICPM), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hamid Khodayari
- International Center for Personalized Medicine (ICPM), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Pedram Keshavarz
- Department of Radiology, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU), Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Chen KS, Reinshagen C, Van Schaik TA, Rossignoli F, Borges P, Mendonca NC, Abdi R, Simon B, Reardon DA, Wakimoto H, Shah K. Bifunctional cancer cell-based vaccine concomitantly drives direct tumor killing and antitumor immunity. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo4778. [PMID: 36599004 PMCID: PMC10068810 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo4778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The administration of inactivated tumor cells is known to induce a potent antitumor immune response; however, the efficacy of such an approach is limited by its inability to kill tumor cells before inducing the immune responses. Unlike inactivated tumor cells, living tumor cells have the ability to track and target tumors. Here, we developed a bifunctional whole cancer cell-based therapeutic with direct tumor killing and immunostimulatory roles. We repurposed the tumor cells from interferon-β (IFN-β) sensitive to resistant using CRISPR-Cas9 by knocking out the IFN-β-specific receptor and subsequently engineered them to release immunomodulatory agents IFN-β and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. These engineered therapeutic tumor cells (ThTCs) eliminated established glioblastoma tumors in mice by inducing caspase-mediated cancer cell apoptosis, down-regulating cancer-associated fibroblast-expressed platelet-derived growth factor receptor β, and activating antitumor immune cell trafficking and antigen-specific T cell activation signaling. This mechanism-based efficacy of ThTCs translated into a survival benefit and long-term immunity in primary, recurrent, and metastatic cancer models in immunocompetent and humanized mice. The incorporation of a double kill-switch comprising herpes simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase and rapamycin-activated caspase 9 in ThTCs ensured the safety of our approach. Arming naturally neoantigen-rich tumor cells with bifunctional therapeutics represents a promising cell-based immunotherapy for solid tumors and establishes a road map toward clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Siong Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clemens Reinshagen
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thijs A Van Schaik
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Filippo Rossignoli
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paulo Borges
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Natalia Claire Mendonca
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brennan Simon
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Reardon
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02138, USA
| | - Khalid Shah
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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22
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Lu M, Lee Y, Lillehoj HS. Evolution of developmental and comparative immunology in poultry: The regulators and the regulated. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:104525. [PMID: 36058383 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Avian has a unique immune system that evolved in response to environmental pressures in all aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses, including localized and circulating lymphocytes, diversity of immunoglobulin repertoire, and various cytokines and chemokines. All of these attributes make birds an indispensable vertebrate model for studying the fundamental immunological concepts and comparative immunology. However, research on the immune system in birds lags far behind that of humans, mice, and other agricultural animal species, and limited immune tools have hindered the adequate application of birds as disease models for mammalian systems. An in-depth understanding of the avian immune system relies on the detailed studies of various regulated and regulatory mediators, such as cell surface antigens, cytokines, and chemokines. Here, we review current knowledge centered on the roles of avian cell surface antigens, cytokines, chemokines, and beyond. Moreover, we provide an update on recent progress in this rapidly developing field of study with respect to the availability of immune reagents that will facilitate the study of regulatory and regulated components of poultry immunity. The new information on avian immunity and available immune tools will benefit avian researchers and evolutionary biologists in conducting fundamental and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Lu
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Youngsub Lee
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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23
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Raggi F, Bartolucci M, Cangelosi D, Rossi C, Pelassa S, Trincianti C, Petretto A, Filocamo G, Civino A, Eva A, Ravelli A, Consolaro A, Bosco MC. Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles in synovial fluid and plasma from Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis patients reveals novel immunopathogenic biomarkers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134747. [PMID: 37205098 PMCID: PMC10186353 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction New early low-invasive biomarkers are demanded for the management of Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (OJIA), the most common chronic pediatric rheumatic disease in Western countries and a leading cause of disability. A deeper understanding of the molecular basis of OJIA pathophysiology is essential for identifying new biomarkers for earlier disease diagnosis and patient stratification and to guide targeted therapeutic intervention. Proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released in biological fluids has recently emerged as a minimally invasive approach to elucidate adult arthritis pathogenic mechanisms and identify new biomarkers. However, EV-prot expression and potential as biomarkers in OJIA have not been explored. This study represents the first detailed longitudinal characterization of the EV-proteome in OJIA patients. Methods Fourty-five OJIA patients were recruited at disease onset and followed up for 24 months, and protein expression profiling was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in EVs isolated from plasma (PL) and synovial fluid (SF) samples. Results We first compared the EV-proteome of SF vs paired PL and identified a panel of EV-prots whose expression was significantly deregulated in SF. Interaction network and GO enrichment analyses performed on deregulated EV-prots through STRING database and ShinyGO webserver revealed enrichment in processes related to cartilage/bone metabolism and inflammation, suggesting their role in OJIA pathogenesis and potential value as early molecular indicators of OJIA development. Comparative analysis of the EV-proteome in PL and SF from OJIA patients vs PL from age/gender-matched control children was then carried out. We detected altered expression of a panel of EV-prots able to differentiate new-onset OJIA patients from control children, potentially representing a disease-associated signature measurable at both the systemic and local levels with diagnostic potential. Deregulated EV-prots were significantly associated with biological processes related to innate immunity, antigen processing and presentation, and cytoskeleton organization. Finally, we ran WGCNA on the SF- and PL-derived EV-prot datasets and identified a few EV-prot modules associated with different clinical parameters stratifying OJIA patients in distinct subgroups. Discussion These data provide novel mechanistic insights into OJIA pathophysiology and an important contribution in the search of new candidate molecular biomarkers for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Raggi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiences, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Bartolucci
- Core Facilities, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Cangelosi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiences, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Pelassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiences, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Trincianti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal-Infantile Sciences (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities, Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Filocamo
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Adele Civino
- Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Ospedale “Vito Fazzi”, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Eva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Angelo Ravelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal-Infantile Sciences (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Scientific Direction, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Consolaro
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal-Infantile Sciences (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- Unit of Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiences, Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Carla Bosco,
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24
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IL-7: Comprehensive review. Cytokine 2022; 160:156049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Zheng L, Guo Y, Zhai X, Zhang Y, Chen W, Zhu Z, Xuan W, Li P. Perivascular macrophages in the CNS: From health to neurovascular diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1908-1920. [PMID: 36128654 PMCID: PMC9627394 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain perivascular macrophages (PVMs) are attracting increasing attention as this emerging cell population in the brain has multifaced roles in supporting the central nervous system structure, brain development, and maintaining physiological functions. They also widely participate in neurological diseases such as neurodegeneration and ischemic stroke. Moreover, PVMs have been reported to have both beneficial and detrimental effects under different pathological contexts. Advanced research technologies allowed the further in-depth study of PVMs and revealed novel concepts in their origins, differentiation, and regulatory mechanisms. Deepened understanding of the roles of PVMs in different brain pathological conditions can reveal novel phenotypic changes and regulatory signaling, which might pave the way for the development of novel treatment strategies targeting PVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yunlu Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaozhu Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weijie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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26
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Paul Owens E, Grania Healy H, Andrew Vesey D, Elizabeth Hoy W, Carolyn Gobe G. Targeted biomarkers of progression in chronic kidney disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:18-28. [PMID: 36041551 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly significant health issue worldwide. Early stages of CKD can be asymptomatic and disease trajectory difficult to predict. Not everyone with CKD progresses to kidney failure, where kidney replacement therapy is the only life-sustaining therapy. Predicting which patients will progress to kidney failure would allow better use of targeted treatments and more effective allocation of health resources. Current diagnostic tests to identify patients with progressive disease perform poorly but there is a suite of new and emerging predictive biomarkers with great clinical promise. METHODS This narrative review describes new and emerging biomarkers of pathophysiologic processes of CKD development and progression, accessible in blood or urine liquid biopsies. Biomarkers were selected based on their reported pathobiological functions in kidney injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, repair and fibrosis. Biomarker function and evidence of involvement in CKD development and progression are reported. CONCLUSION Many biomarkers reviewed here have received little attention to date, perhaps because of conflicting conclusions of their utility in CKD. The functional roles of the selected biomarkers in the underlying pathobiology of progression of CKD are a powerful rationale for advancing and validating these molecules as prognosticators and predictors of CKD trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Owens
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Helen Grania Healy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - David Andrew Vesey
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Wendy Elizabeth Hoy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Centre for Chronic Disease, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Glenda Carolyn Gobe
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia.
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27
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Quail DF, Amulic B, Aziz M, Barnes BJ, Eruslanov E, Fridlender ZG, Goodridge HS, Granot Z, Hidalgo A, Huttenlocher A, Kaplan MJ, Malanchi I, Merghoub T, Meylan E, Mittal V, Pittet MJ, Rubio-Ponce A, Udalova IA, van den Berg TK, Wagner DD, Wang P, Zychlinsky A, de Visser KE, Egeblad M, Kubes P. Neutrophil phenotypes and functions in cancer: A consensus statement. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220011. [PMID: 35522219 PMCID: PMC9086501 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first responders to infection and inflammation and are thus a critical component of innate immune defense. Understanding the behavior of neutrophils as they act within various inflammatory contexts has provided insights into their role in sterile and infectious diseases; however, the field of neutrophils in cancer is comparatively young. Here, we summarize key concepts and current knowledge gaps related to the diverse roles of neutrophils throughout cancer progression. We discuss sources of neutrophil heterogeneity in cancer and provide recommendations on nomenclature for neutrophil states that are distinct in maturation and activation. We address discrepancies in the literature that highlight a need for technical standards that ought to be considered between laboratories. Finally, we review emerging questions in neutrophil biology and innate immunity in cancer. Overall, we emphasize that neutrophils are a more diverse population than previously appreciated and that their role in cancer may present novel unexplored opportunities to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela F. Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Borko Amulic
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY
| | - Evgeniy Eruslanov
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zvi G. Fridlender
- Hadassah Medical Center, Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Helen S. Goodridge
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and Research Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Zvi Granot
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ilaria Malanchi
- Tumour-Host Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Vivek Mittal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neuberger Berman Foundation Lung Cancer Research Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mikael J. Pittet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Rubio-Ponce
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irina A. Udalova
- University of Oxford, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo K. van den Berg
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denisa D. Wagner
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Arturo Zychlinsky
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin E. de Visser
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
| | - Paul Kubes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Banbury Center meeting organizers, Diverse Functions of Neutrophils in Cancer, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, NY
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Amsden H, Kourko O, Roth M, Gee K. Antiviral Activities of Interleukin-27: A Partner for Interferons? Front Immunol 2022; 13:902853. [PMID: 35634328 PMCID: PMC9134790 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of new, pandemic-level viral threats has brought to the forefront the importance of viral immunology and continued improvement of antiviral therapies. Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. Accumulating evidence has revealed potent antiviral activities of IL-27 against numerous viruses, including HIV, influenza, HBV and more. IL-27 contributes to the immune response against viruses indirectly by increasing production of interferons (IFNs) which have various antiviral effects. Additionally, IL-27 can directly interfere with viral infection both by acting similarly to an IFN itself and by modulating the differentiation and function of various immune cells. This review discusses the IFN-dependent and IFN-independent antiviral mechanisms of IL-27 and highlights the potential of IL-27 as a therapeutic cytokine for viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katrina Gee
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Zhang X, Xiao J, Fu X, Qin G, Yu M, Chen G, Li X. Construction of a Two-Gene Immunogenomic-Related Prognostic Signature in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:867494. [PMID: 35463955 PMCID: PMC9024339 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.867494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the highest tumor incidence in China. Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is the most common type, accounting for 40–51% of primary lung cancers. LUSC is slow in growth and late in metastasis. Immune-related genes (IRGs) and immune infiltrating cells play a vital role in the clinical outcomes of LUSC. It is important to systematically study its immune gene map to help the prognosis of cancer patients. In this study, we combined the prognostic landscape and expression status of IRGs downloaded from the TCGA and InnatedDB databases and systematically analyzed the prognostic information of LUSC patients to obtain IRGs. After systematically exploring the survival analysis, prognosis-related genes were found, and the PPI network revealed that a total of 11 genes were hub genes. A two-gene prognosis risk model was established by multivariate Cox analysis. Two IRGs were closely correlated with the prognosis of LUSC. Based on these two genes, a new independent prognostic risk model was established, and this model was further verified in the GEO database. Moreover, the risk score of the model was correlated with sex, survival status, and lymphatic metastasis in LUSC patients, and the predictive risk of the prognostic risk model was significantly positively correlated with five kinds of immune cells (CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells). This study comprehensively analyzed immunogenomics and presented immune-related prognostic biomarkers for LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian Fu
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guicheng Qin
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengli Yu
- Shenzhen Bao’an District Songgang People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guihong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Li, ; Guihong Chen,
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Li, ; Guihong Chen,
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30
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Hwang D, Seyedsadr MS, Ishikawa LLW, Boehm A, Sahin Z, Casella G, Jang S, Gonzalez MV, Garifallou JP, Hakonarson H, Zhang W, Xiao D, Rostami A, Zhang GX, Ciric B. CSF-1 maintains pathogenic but not homeostatic myeloid cells in the central nervous system during autoimmune neuroinflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2111804119. [PMID: 35353625 PMCID: PMC9168454 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111804119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1R) is important for the survival and function of myeloid cells that mediate pathology during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). CSF-1 and IL-34, the ligands of CSF-1R, have similar bioactivities but distinct tissue and context-dependent expression patterns, suggesting that they have different roles. This could be the case in EAE, given that CSF-1 expression is up-regulated in the CNS, while IL-34 remains constitutively expressed. We found that targeting CSF-1 with neutralizing antibody halted ongoing EAE, with efficacy superior to CSF-1R inhibitor BLZ945, whereas IL-34 neutralization had no effect, suggesting that pathogenic myeloid cells were maintained by CSF-1. Both anti–CSF-1 and BLZ945 treatment greatly reduced the number of monocyte-derived cells and microglia in the CNS. However, anti–CSF-1 selectively depleted inflammatory microglia and monocytes in inflamed CNS areas, whereas BLZ945 depleted virtually all myeloid cells, including quiescent microglia, throughout the CNS. Anti–CSF-1 treatment reduced the size of demyelinated lesions and microglial activation in the gray matter. Lastly, we found that bone marrow–derived immune cells were the major mediators of CSF-1R–dependent pathology, while microglia played a lesser role. Our findings suggest that targeting CSF-1 could be effective in ameliorating MS pathology, while preserving the homeostatic functions of myeloid cells, thereby minimizing risks associated with ablation of CSF-1R–dependent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Maryam S. Seyedsadr
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | | | - Alexandra Boehm
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Ziver Sahin
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Giacomo Casella
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Soohwa Jang
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Michael V. Gonzalez
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, Center for Applied Genomics, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - James P. Garifallou
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, Center for Applied Genomics, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, Center for Applied Genomics, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Abdolmohamad Rostami
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Bogoljub Ciric
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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Trino S, Laurenzana I, Lamorte D, Calice G, De Stradis A, Santodirocco M, Sgambato A, Caivano A, De Luca L. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Functionally Compromise Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Inhibiting Normal Hematopoiesis Through the Release of Extracellular Vesicles. Front Oncol 2022; 12:824562. [PMID: 35371979 PMCID: PMC8965808 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.824562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive and heterogeneous clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). It is not well known how leukemia cells alter hematopoiesis promoting tumor growth and leukemic niche formation. In this study, we investigated how AML deregulates the hematopoietic process of HSPCs through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). First, we found that AML cells released a heterogeneous population of EVs containing microRNAs involved in AML pathogenesis. Notably, AML-EVs were able to influence the fate of HSPCs modifying their transcriptome. In fact, gene expression profile of AML-EV-treated HSPCs identified 923 down- and 630 up-regulated genes involved in hematopoiesis/differentiation, inflammatory cytokine production and cell movement. Indeed, most of the down-regulated genes are targeted by AML-EV-derived miRNAs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AML-EVs were able to affect HSPC phenotype, modifying several biological functions, such as inhibiting cell differentiation and clonogenicity, activating inflammatory cytokine production and compromising cell movement. Indeed, a redistribution of HSPC populations was observed in AML-EV treated cells with a significant increase in the frequency of common myeloid progenitors and a reduction in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in HSPC colony formation. AML-EV treatment of HSPCs increased the levels of CCL3, IL-1B and CSF2 cytokines, involved in the inflammatory process and in cell movement, and decreased CXCR4 expression associated with a reduction of SDF-1 mediated-migration. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the existence of a powerful communication between AML cells and HSPCs, mediated by EVs, which suppresses normal hematopoiesis and potentially contributes to create a leukemic niche favorable to neoplastic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Daniela Lamorte
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Angelo De Stradis
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Santodirocco
- Trasfusional Medicine Department, Puglia Cord Blood Bank (CBB), Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- Scientific Direction, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
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Tráj P, Herrmann EM, Sebők C, Vörösházi J, Mackei M, Gálfi P, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Protective effects of chicoric acid on polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid exposed chicken hepatic cell culture mimicking viral damage and inflammation. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 250:110427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Malengier-Devlies B, Bernaerts E, Ahmadzadeh K, Filtjens J, Vandenhaute J, Boeckx B, Burton O, De Visscher A, Mitera T, Berghmans N, Verbeke G, Liston A, Lambrechts D, Proost P, Wouters C, Matthys P. Role for Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Neutrophilic Extramedullary Myelopoiesis in a Murine Model of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1257-1270. [PMID: 35243819 DOI: 10.1002/art.42104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a systemic inflammatory disease with childhood onset. Systemic JIA is associated with neutrophilia, including immature granulocytes, potentially driven by the growth factor granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). This study was undertaken to investigate the role of G-CSF in the pathology of systemic JIA. METHODS Injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) in BALB/c mice induces mild inflammation and neutrophilia in wild-type (WT) mice and a more pronounced disease, reminiscent to that of JIA patients, in interferon-γ-knockout (IFNγ-KO) mice. Extramedullary myelopoiesis was studied in CFA-immunized mice by single-cell RNA sequencing, and the effect of G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) blockage on neutrophil development and systemic JIA pathology was evaluated. Additionally, plasma G-CSF levels were measured in patients. RESULTS Both in systemic JIA patients and in a corresponding mouse model, plasma G-CSF levels were increased. In the mouse model, we demonstrated that G-CSF is responsible for the observed neutrophilia and extramedullary myelopoiesis and the induction of immature neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor-like cells. Administration of a G-CSFR antagonizing antibody blocked the maturation and differentiation of neutrophils in CFA-immunized mice. In IFNγ-KO mice, treatment was associated with almost complete inhibition of arthritis due to reduced neutrophilia and osteoclast formation. Disease symptoms were ameliorated, but slight increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor, and IL-17 were detected upon G-CSFR inhibition in the IFNγ-KO mice, and were associated with mild increases in weight loss, tail damage, and immature red blood cells. CONCLUSION We describe the role of G-CSF in a mouse model of systemic JIA and suggest an important role for G-CSF-induced myelopoiesis and neutrophilia in regulating the development of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bram Boeckx
- KU Leuven and Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnolgie-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oliver Burton
- KU Leuven and Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnolgie-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and the Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tania Mitera
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Geert Verbeke
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- KU Leuven and Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnolgie-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, and the Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- KU Leuven and Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnolgie-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, and European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases at University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Malengier-Devlies B, Metzemaekers M, Wouters C, Proost P, Matthys P. Neutrophil Homeostasis and Emergency Granulopoiesis: The Example of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:766620. [PMID: 34966386 PMCID: PMC8710701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are key pathogen exterminators of the innate immune system endowed with oxidative and non-oxidative defense mechanisms. More recently, a more complex role for neutrophils as decision shaping cells that instruct other leukocytes to fine-tune innate and adaptive immune responses has come into view. Under homeostatic conditions, neutrophils are short-lived cells that are continuously released from the bone marrow. Their development starts with undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells that pass through different immature subtypes to eventually become fully equipped, mature neutrophils capable of launching fast and robust immune responses. During severe (systemic) inflammation, there is an increased need for neutrophils. The hematopoietic system rapidly adapts to this increased demand by switching from steady-state blood cell production to emergency granulopoiesis. During emergency granulopoiesis, the de novo production of neutrophils by the bone marrow and at extramedullary sites is augmented, while additional mature neutrophils are rapidly released from the marginated pools. Although neutrophils are indispensable for host protection against microorganisms, excessive activation causes tissue damage in neutrophil-rich diseases. Therefore, tight regulation of neutrophil homeostasis is imperative. In this review, we discuss the kinetics of neutrophil ontogenesis in homeostatic conditions and during emergency myelopoiesis and provide an overview of the different molecular players involved in this regulation. We substantiate this review with the example of an autoinflammatory disease, i.e. systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Malengier-Devlies
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Metzemaekers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Gas6/TAM Signalling Negatively Regulates Inflammatory Induction of GM-CSF in Mouse Brain Microglia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123281. [PMID: 34943789 PMCID: PMC8699038 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia and astrocytes are the main CNS glial cells responsible for the neuroinflammatory response, where they release a plethora of cytokines into the CNS inflammatory milieu. The TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) receptors and their main ligand Gas6 are regulators of this response, however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. We investigated the ability of Gas6 to modulate the CNS glial inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a strong pro-inflammatory agent, through a qPCR array that explored Toll-like receptor signalling pathway-associated genes in primary cultured mouse microglia. We identified the Csf2 gene, encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), as a major Gas6 target gene whose induction by LPS was markedly blunted by Gas6. Both the Csf2 gene induction and the suppressive effect of Gas6 on this were emulated through measurement of GM-CSF protein release by cells. We found distinct profiles of GM-CSF induction in different glial cell types, with microglia being most responsive during inflammation. Also, Gas6 markedly inhibited the LPS-stimulated nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 protein in microglia. These results illustrate microglia as a major resident CNS cellular source of GM-CSF as part of the neuroinflammatory response, and that Gas6/TAM signalling inhibits this response through suppression of NF-κB signalling.
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36
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Huang YK, Busuttil RA, Boussioutas A. The Role of Innate Immune Cells in Tumor Invasion and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5885. [PMID: 34884995 PMCID: PMC8656477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer and enhanced tumor invasion and metastasis is significantly associated with cancer mortality. Metastasis occurs via a series of integrated processes involving tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. The innate immune components of the microenvironment have been shown to engage with tumor cells and not only regulate their proliferation and survival, but also modulate the surrounding environment to enable cancer progression. In the era of immune therapies, it is critical to understand how different innate immune cell populations are involved in this process. This review summarizes recent literature describing the roles of innate immune cells during the tumor metastatic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kuan Huang
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Rita A. Busuttil
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Alex Boussioutas
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.-K.H.); (R.A.B.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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Oliveira-Costa KM, Menezes GB, Paula Neto HA. Neutrophil accumulation within tissues: A damage x healing dichotomy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112422. [PMID: 34781139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The abundance of neutrophils in human circulation, their fast mobilization from blood to tissues, along with their alleged short life-span led to the image of neutrophils as a homogeneous cell type designed to fight infections and die in the process. Additionally, their granule content and capacity to produce molecules with considerable cytotoxic potential, lead to the general belief that neutrophil activation inexorably results in side effect of extensive tissue injury. Neutrophil activation in fact causes tissue injury as an adverse effect, but it seems that this is restricted to particular pathological situations and more of an "exception to the rule". Here we review evidences arising especially from intravital microscopy studies that demonstrate neutrophils as cells endowed with sophisticated mechanisms and able to engage in complex interactions as to minimize damage and optimize their effector functions. Moreover, neutrophil infiltration may even contribute to tissue healing and repair which may altogether demand a reexamination of current anti-inflammatory therapies that have neutrophil migration and activation as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Marques Oliveira-Costa
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B Menezes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Heitor A Paula Neto
- Laboratório de Alvos Moleculares, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ordentlich P. Clinical evaluation of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitors. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101514. [PMID: 34776301 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Signaling through colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) regulates the development, differentiation, and activation of mononuclear phagocytic cells. Inhibition of this pathway provides an opportunity for therapeutic intervention in diseases in which these cells play a pathogenic role, including cancers, inflammation, fibrosis, and others. Multiple monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors targeting CSF1R or its known ligands CSF1 and IL-34 have been clinically tested and are generally well tolerated with side effects associated with on-target macrophage inhibition or depletion. To date, clinical activity of CSF1R inhibitors has been primarily observed in diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumors, a disease characterized by genetic alterations in CSF1 leading to dysregulated CSF1R signaling. Expanded development into novel indications such as chronic graft vs host disease may provide new opportunities to further explore areas where a role for CSF1R dependent monocytes and macrophages has been established. This review presents key findings from the clinical development of 12 CSF1/CSF1R targeted therapies as monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy.
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Abstract
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was originally identified as a growth factor for its ability to promote the proliferation and differentiation in vitro of bone marrow progenitor cells into granulocytes and macrophages. Many preclinical studies, using GM-CSF deletion or depletion approaches, have demonstrated that GM-CSF has a wide range of biological functions, including the mediation of inflammation and pain, indicating that it can be a potential target in many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. This review provides a brief overview of GM-CSF biology and signaling, and summarizes the findings from preclinical models of a range of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders and the latest clinical trials targeting GM-CSF or its receptor in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.
| | - Kevin M C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
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Yan WL, Wu CC, Shen KY, Liu SJ. Activation of GM-CSF and TLR2 signaling synergistically enhances antigen-specific antitumor immunity and modulates the tumor microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002758. [PMID: 34599024 PMCID: PMC8488721 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The major challenge of antitumor immunotherapy is dealing with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which involves immature myeloid cell accumulation that results in T cell dysfunction. Myeloid cell activation is induced by Toll-like receptor agonists. Additionally, granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes myelopoiesis and recruits myeloid cells. Here, we combined the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist lipoprotein and GM-CSF to assess whether this bifunctional immunotherapy has synergistic effects on myeloid cells and could be further developed as a therapeutic intervention that enhances the antitumor response. Methods We investigated the synergistic effects of biadjuvanted tumor antigen on antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Furthermore, therapeutic efficacy was monitored in different tumor models treated via intratumoral or subcutaneous administration routes. The immune effects of the bifunctional fusion protein on myeloid cells in the tumor mass and draining lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. The induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes was evaluated via intracellular cytokine levels, perforin/granzyme B staining and an in vivo killing assay. Results The TLR2 agonist lipoprotein combined with GM-CSF synergistically induced DC maturation, which subsequently enhanced antitumor immunity. In addition, rlipoE7m-MoGM modulated tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell populations. Vaccination with rlipoE7m-MoGM therapy increased the number of CCR7+CD103+ cDC1s, whereas the number of suppressive tumor-associated macrophages was reduced in the tumor lesions. Consistent with this observation, proliferating antigen-specific CD8+ T cells are highly infiltrated within the tumor, and the expression of IFN-r and perforin was most pronounced within antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in mice administered rlipoE7m-MoGM therapy. This finding corresponded with observation that the combination of a TLR2 agonist and GM-CSF provides increased antitumor activity by inhibiting established tumor outgrowth and protecting against metastatic cancer compared with a TLR2 agonist alone. Importantly, tumor growth inhibition was not due to the direct effects of the TLR2 agonist or GM-CSF but was instead due to the induction of antigen-specific immunity. Conclusions The combination of a TLR2 agonist and GM-CSF has synergistic effects that inhibit tumor growth and modulate tumor-infiltrating APCs. This therapeutic approach could be applied to other tumor antigens to treat different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lun Yan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chieh Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Shen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan .,National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Osteocytes regulate neutrophil development through IL-19: a potent cytokine for neutropenia treatment. Blood 2021; 137:3533-3547. [PMID: 33684929 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes are the most abundant (90% to 95%) cells in bone and have emerged as an important regulator of hematopoiesis, but their role in neutrophil development and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Interleukin 19 (IL-19) produced predominantly by osteocytes stimulated granulopoiesis and neutrophil formation, which stimulated IL-19 receptor (IL-20Rβ)/Stat3 signaling in neutrophil progenitors to promote their expansion and neutrophil formation. Mice with constitutive activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) signaling in osteocytes (Dmp1-Cre) exhibited a dramatic increase in IL-19 production and promyelocyte/myelocytic expansion, whereas mTORC1 inactivation in osteocytes reduced IL-19 production and neutrophil numbers in mice. We showed that IL-19 administration stimulated neutrophil development, whereas neutralizing endogenous IL-19 or depletion of its receptor inhibited the process. Importantly, low-dose IL-19 reversed chemotherapy, irradiation, or chloramphenicol-induced neutropenia in mice more efficiently than granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. This evidence indicated that IL-19 was an essential regulator of neutrophil development and a potent cytokine for neutropenia treatment.
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The transition of M-CSF-derived human macrophages to a growth-promoting phenotype. Blood Adv 2021; 4:5460-5472. [PMID: 33166408 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulated macrophages are potent producers of inflammatory mediators. This activity is highly regulated, in part, by resolving molecules to prevent tissue damage. In this study, we demonstrate that inflammation induced by Toll-like receptor stimulation is followed by the upregulation of receptors for adenosine (Ado) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which help terminate macrophage activation and initiate tissue remodeling and angiogenesis. Macrophages can be hematopoietically derived from monocytes in response to 2 growth factors: macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). We examine how exposure to either of these differentiation factors shapes the macrophage response to resolving molecules. We analyzed the transcriptomes of human monocyte-derived macrophages stimulated in the presence of Ado or PGE2 and demonstrated that, in macrophages differentiated in M-CSF, Ado and PGE2 induce a shared transcriptional program involving the downregulation of inflammatory mediators and the upregulation of growth factors. In contrast, macrophages generated in GM-CSF fail to convert to a growth-promoting phenotype, which we attribute to the suppression of receptors for Ado and PGE2 and lower production of these endogenous regulators. These observations indicate that M-CSF macrophages are better prepared to transition to a program of tissue repair, whereas GM-CSF macrophages undergo more profound activation. We implicate the differential sensitivity to pro-resolving mediators as a contributor to these divergent phenotypes. This research highlights a number of molecular targets that can be exploited to regulate the strength and duration of macrophage activation.
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Olson KE, Namminga KL, Lu Y, Schwab AD, Thurston MJ, Abdelmoaty MM, Kumar V, Wojtkiewicz M, Obaro H, Santamaria P, Mosley RL, Gendelman HE. Safety, tolerability, and immune-biomarker profiling for year-long sargramostim treatment of Parkinson's disease. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103380. [PMID: 34000620 PMCID: PMC8138485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation plays a pathogenic role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Immunotherapies that restore brain homeostasis can mitigate neurodegeneration by transforming T cell phenotypes. Sargramostim has gained considerable attention as an immune transformer through laboratory bench to bedside clinical studies. However, its therapeutic use has been offset by dose-dependent adverse events. Therefore, we performed a reduced drug dose regimen to evaluate safety and to uncover novel disease-linked biomarkers during 5 days/week sargramostim treatments for one year. Methods Five PD subjects were enrolled in a Phase 1b, unblinded, open-label study to assess safety and tolerability of 3 μg/kg/day sargramostim. Complete blood counts and chemistry profiles, physical examinations, adverse events (AEs), immune profiling, Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) scores, T cell phenotypes/function, DNA methylation, and gene and protein patterns were evaluated. Findings Sargramostim administered at 3 μg/kg/day significantly reduced numbers and severity of AEs/subject/month compared to 6 μg/kg/day treatment. While MDS-UPDRS Part III score reductions were recorded, peripheral blood immunoregulatory phenotypes and function were elevated. Hypomethylation of upstream FOXP3 DNA elements was also increased. Interpretation Long-term sargramostim treatment at 3 μg/kg/day is well-tolerated and effective in restoring immune homeostasis. There were decreased numbers and severity of AEs and restored peripheral immune function coordinate with increased numbers and function of Treg. MDS-UPDRS Part III scores did not worsen. Larger patient numbers need be evaluated to assess conclusive drug efficacy (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03790670). Funding The research was supported by community funds to the University of Nebraska Foundation and federal research support from 5 R01NS034239-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Krista L Namminga
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Yaman Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Aaron D Schwab
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Mackenzie J Thurston
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Mai M Abdelmoaty
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE 68198, USA
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE 68198, USA
| | - Melinda Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Helen Obaro
- Great Plains Center for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Nebraska, USA
| | - Pamela Santamaria
- Neurology Consultants of Nebraska, PC and Nebraska Medicine, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Lee Mosley
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha , NE 68198, USA.
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Nascimento CP, Maia LP, Alves PT, Paula ATD, Cunha Junior JP, Abdallah VOS, Ferreira DMDLM, Goulart LR, Azevedo VMGDO. Invasive mechanical ventilation and biomarkers as predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97:280-286. [PMID: 32407675 PMCID: PMC9432278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of invasive mechanical ventilation associated with two serum inflammatory cytokines and clinical indicators, on the second day of life, as predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight preterm infants. It was hypothesized that the use of invasive mechanical ventilation in the first hours of life is associated with biomarkers that may predict the chances of preterm infants to develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia. METHODS Prospective cohort of 40 preterm infants with gestational age <34 weeks and birth weight <1500 g. The following were analyzed: clinical variables; types of ventilator support used (there is a higher occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia when oxygen supplementation is performed by long periods of invasive mechanical ventilation); hospitalization time; quantification of two cytokines (granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor [GM-CSF] and eotaxin) in blood between 36 and 48 h of life. The preterm infants were divided in two groups: with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. RESULTS The GM-CSF levels presented a significantly higher value in the bronchopulmonary dysplasia group (p = 0.002), while eotaxin presented higher levels in the group without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p = 0.02). The use of continuous invasive mechanical ventilation was associated with increased ratios between GM-CSF and eotaxin (100% sensitivity and 80% specificity; receiver operating characteristic area = 0.9013, CI = 0.7791-1.024, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The duration of invasive mechanical ventilation performed in the first 48 h of life in the very low birth weight infants is a significant clinical predictor of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The use of continuous invasive mechanical ventilation was associated with increased ratios between GM-CSF and eotaxin, suggesting increased lung injury and consequent progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Piqui Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Larissa Prado Maia
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Teranóstica e Nanobiotecnologia (INCT-TeraNano), Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Terra Alves
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Teranóstica e Nanobiotecnologia (INCT-TeraNano), Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline Teodoro de Paula
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Teranóstica e Nanobiotecnologia (INCT-TeraNano), Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Jair Pereira Cunha Junior
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Departamento de Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunoquímica e Imunotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Teranóstica e Nanobiotecnologia (INCT-TeraNano), Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Vivian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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45
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Yerushalmi R, Sagi M, Goldvaser H, Daliot J, Mutai R, Krause I. COVID-19 in a patient receiving adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy with granulocyte olony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:117. [PMID: 33903823 PMCID: PMC8060854 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving chemotherapy are at high risk for severe infections and complications such as acute respiratory syndrome. The most commonly used adjuvant chemotherapy protocols (docetaxel-cyclophosphamide every 3 weeks or the dose-dense regimen, doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide every 2 weeks followed by paclitaxel) incorporate granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). G-CSF is routinely administered to prevent chemotherapy-associated neutropenia but often results in significant neutrophilia. The present case describes a patient with breast cancer who was successfully treated for severe COVID-19 respiratory syndrome while under adjuvant chemotherapy (docetaxel-cyclophosphamide) treatment and long-term G-CSF support. In addition, the potential effect of G-CSF on the respiratory deterioration of the patient given its cardinal role in innate inflammation and, accordingly, the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19 was described. The case described in the present study indicated how solutions to the immunity challenges faced when treating a patient with chemotherapy may be the source of a larger problem within the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Yerushalmi
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Moshe Sagi
- Department of Internal Medicine F, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Hadar Goldvaser
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jonathan Daliot
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Raz Mutai
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Ilan Krause
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Department of Internal Medicine F, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
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Zhang Y, Zhou X, Liu P, Chen X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li S, Chen Y, Song X, Wang J, Zeng H, Zhang X, Tang C, Yu C, Li Y, Xu C. GCSF deficiency attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through regulating GCSFR-SOCS3-JAK-STAT3 pathway and immune cells infiltration. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G531-G542. [PMID: 33470903 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00342.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) is a cytokine with immunomodulation effects. However, little is known about its role in metabolic diseases. In the current study, we aimed to explore the role of GCSF in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Male GCSF-/- mice were used to investigate the function of GCSF in vivo after high-fat diet (HFD). Primary hepatocytes were used for evaluating the function of GCSF in vitro. Liver immune cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that GCSF administration significantly increased serum triglyceride (TG) levels in patients. Circulating GCSF was markedly elevated in HFD-fed mice. GCSF-/- mice exhibited alleviated HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. Extra administration of GCSF significantly aggravated palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation in primary hepatocytes. Mechanically, GCSF could bind to granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor (GCSFR) and regulate suppressors of cytokine signaling 3, Janus kinase, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (SOCS3-JAK-STAT3) pathway. GCSF also enhanced hepatic neutrophils and macrophages infiltration, thereby modulating NAFLD. These findings suggest that GCSF plays an important regulatory role in NAFLD and may be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found GCSF was involved in lipid metabolism and NAFLD development. GCSF administration increased serum triglyceride levels in patients. GCSF deficiency alleviated HFD-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in mice. GCSF could directly act on hepatocytes through GCSFR-SOCS3-JAK-STAT3 pathway, and regulate the infiltration of immune cells into the liver to indirectly modulate NAFLD. Our finding indicates that GCSF may provide new strategies for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yishu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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A bridging immunogenicity assay for anti-cabiralizumab antibodies: overcoming the low assay cut point and drug tolerance challenges. Bioanalysis 2021; 13:395-407. [PMID: 33661021 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To support the clinical studies of cabiralizumab, an immunogenicity assay for detecting anti-cabiralizumab antibodies is required. Results: Strategies were developed to overcome two major bioanalytical challenges: poor drug tolerance of the anti-drug antibodies assay and very low cut point observed in the screening and confirmatory assays. By using acid dissociation (400 mM glycine solution at pH 2.0), drug tolerance of 200 μg/ml drug was achieved for both the screening and confirmatory assays. Effects of biological matrix (disease state vs normal serum) and assay conditions (capture/detector reagent concentration, minimum required dilution, acid pretreatment) on assay cut points were systematically evaluated. Conclusion: A bridging immunogenicity assay for detecting anti-cabiralizumab antibodies in human serum has been successfully developed, validated and applied to clinical studies.
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48
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Gunyeli I, Saygin M, Ozmen O. Methotrexate-induced toxic effects and the ameliorating effects of astaxanthin on genitourinary tissues in a female rat model. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:985-997. [PMID: 33608803 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06000-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to explore the possible deleterious effects of Methotrexate (MTX) treatment on the urogenital tissues and the potential protective effects of Astaxanthin (AXA). METHODS Twenty-four female Wistar Albino rats (12 months old) were divided into 3 groups as follows: Group I (Control group): rats received a single dose of 0.1 ml saline by gavage and intraperitoneal injection. Group II (MTX group): rats received a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX, i.p, on the 2nd day. Group III (MTX + AXA group): rats received 100 mg/kg AXA orally for 7 days in addition to a single dose of MTX. The levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and histopathological and immunohistochemical markers (Caspase-3, iNOS, CRP, G-CSF) were evaluated in urogenital tissues. RESULTS In ovarian tissues, a statistically significant increase in TOS levels (p = 0.001) and OSI index (p = 0.028) were observed in Group II compared to Group I. TAS level was significantly higher in Group III compared to Group II and I (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). However, a significant decrease in OSI level was observed in Group III compared to Group II (p = 0.035). In fallopian tube tissues, TAS level was significantly decreased in Group II compared to Group I (p = 0.047). Histopathologically, marked hyperemia was observed in MTX group. AXA treatment ameliorated all the pathological findings. Immunohistochemically, all the studied markers were considerably increased in Group II, however, they were decreased by AXA. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that MTX treatment caused oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the urogenital tissue. We found that AXA significantly ameliorated the damage caused by MTX in the urogenital tissue. The results of the study have indicated that AXA may be a promising nutritional support substance against the damage caused by chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic agents, such as MTX, to the urogenital tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Gunyeli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Cunur-Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Saygin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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Hu D, Zhang Y, Cao R, Hao Y, Yang X, Tian T, Zhang J. The protective effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor against radiation-induced lung injury. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 9:2440-2459. [PMID: 33489805 PMCID: PMC7815363 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of thoracic cancer radiation therapy. Currently, there is no effective treatment for RILI. RILI is associated with chronic inflammation, this injury is perpetuated by the stimulation of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have demonstrated that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a pivotal role in inflammation and fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of GM-CSF against the development of RILI in lung tissue. Method First, a single fraction of radiation at a dose of 16 Gy was targeted at the entire thorax of wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and GM-CSF–/– mice to induce RILI. Second, we detected the radioprotective effects of GM-CSF by measuring the inflammatory biomarkers and fibrosis alteration on radiated lung tissues. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanism of GM-CSF protective effects in RILI. Results The GM-CSF–/– mice sustained more severe RILI than the WT mice. RILI was significantly alleviated by GM-CSF treatment. Intraperitoneally administered GM-CSF significantly inhibited inflammatory cytokine production and decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the RILI mouse model. Conclusions GM-CSF was shown to be an important modulator of RILI through regulating inflammatory cytokines, which provides a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.,Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiqi Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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50
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Association of maternal and infant inflammation with neurodevelopment in HIV-exposed uninfected children in a South African birth cohort. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:65-73. [PMID: 32860940 PMCID: PMC7772888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children may have altered immune regulation and poorer neurodevelopment outcomes compared to their HIV-unexposed (HU) counterparts. However, studies investigating the association of maternal and infant inflammation with neurodevelopment in HEU children are limited and longitudinal data are lacking. This study investigated serum inflammatory markers in women living with HIV vs. HIV-uninfected women during pregnancy and in their children, as well as associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years of age in an African birth cohort study. A sub-group of mother-child dyads from the Drakenstein Child Health Study had serum inflammatory markers measured at ≈26 week's gestation (n = 77 HIV-infected mothers; n = 190 HIV-uninfected mothers), at 6-10 weeks (n = 63 HEU infants and n = 159 HU infants) and at 24-28 months (n = 77 HEU children and n = 190 HU children). Serum inflammatory markers [granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)] were analyzed with a multiplex bead array and ELISA assays. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition, was used to assess neurodevelopment at 24-28 months. After correcting for multiple comparisons, HIV infection during pregnancy was associated with lower serum levels of inflammatory markers in mothers at 26 weeks gestation (GM-CSF and MMP-9, p < 0.05) and HEU children at 6-10 weeks (IFN-γ and IL-1β, p < 0.01), and at 24-28 months (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-4, p < 0.05) compared to HIV-uninfected mothers and HU children. In HEU infants at 6-10 weeks, inflammatory markers (GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and NGAL, all p < 0.05) were associated with poorer motor function at two years of age. This is the first study to evaluate the associations of follow-up immune markers in HEU children with neurodevelopment. These findings suggest that maternal HIV infection is associated with immune dysregulation in mothers and their children through two years of age. An altered immune system in HEU infants is associated with poorer follow-up motor neurodevelopment. These data highlight the important role of the immune system in early neurodevelopment and provide a foundation for future research.
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