1
|
Mokhtari P, Holzhausen EA, Chalifour BN, Schmidt KA, Babaei M, Machle CJ, Adise S, Alderete TL, Goran MI. Associations between Dietary Sugar and Fiber with Infant Gut Microbiome Colonization at 6 Mo of Age. J Nutr 2024; 154:152-162. [PMID: 37717629 PMCID: PMC10808822 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome undergoes rapid development during the first 2-3 y of life. Poor diet during complementary feeding has been associated with alterations in infant growth and compromised bone, immune system, and neurodevelopment, but how it may affect gut microbial composition is unknown. OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between early-life nutrition and the developing infant gut microbiota at 6 mo of age. METHODS Latino mother-infant pairs from the Mother's Milk Study (n = 105) were included. Infant gut microbiota and dietary intake were analyzed at 6 mo of age using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing and 24-h dietary recalls, respectively. Poisson generalized linear regression analysis was performed to examine associations between dietary nutrients and microbial community abundance while adjusting for infants' mode of delivery, antibiotics, infant feeding type, time of introduction of solid foods, energy intake, and body weight. A P value of <0.05 was used to determine the statistical significance in the study. RESULTS Infants with higher consumption of total sugar exhibited a lower relative abundance of the genera Bacteroides (β = -0.01; 95% CI: -0.02, -0.00; P = 0.03) and genus Clostridium belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family (β = -0.02; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.00; P = 0.01). In addition, a higher intake of free sugar (which excludes sugar from milk, dairy, and whole fruit) was associated with several bacteria at the genus level, including Parabacteroides genus (β = 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.05; P = 0.001). Total insoluble fiber intake was associated with favorable bacteria at the genus level such as Faecalibacterium (β = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.52; P = 0.02) and Coprococcus (β = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.52; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that early-life dietary intake at 6 mo impacts the developing gut microbiome associated with the presence of both unfavorable gut microbes and dietary fiber-associated commensal microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pari Mokhtari
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Holzhausen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Bridget N Chalifour
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Kelsey A Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christopher J Machle
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shana Adise
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Legarreta-Muela F, Esparza Romero J, Terminel-Zaragoza R, Toledo-Domínguez I, Quintero-Portillo H, Ulloa-Mercado G, Gortares-Moroyoqui P, Meza-Escalante E, Rentería-Mexía AM. Associations between dietary intake and physical activity, as behavioral indicators, with body fat in adolescents from Mexico. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:1127-1135. [PMID: 37522461 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases is currently a priority due to its relationship with COVID-19 complications. Unhealthy lifestyles, like inadequate diet and physical inactivity, are the cornerstone for obesity and cardiometabolic risk. Objective: to examine the association between diet and physical activity with body fat in Mexican adolescents. Methods: the study was cross-sectional. Data included socio-demographic variables, health history and smoking habit obtained through questionnaires; blood pressure and anthropometry measurements; food and nutrient intake through 24-hour recalls; and physical activities through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Univariate analyses were used and multiple models were built by stepwise forward selection (p ≤ 0.05 and biological plausibility). Results: participants were n = 230 students, 18.5 ± 0.4 years and 54.8 % men. Three models associated with body fat were obtained. In the first model, saturated fatty acids (β = 0.30, p = 0.028) were significant positive associated, while vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated as a protective factor (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). In the second model, total fat (β = 0.17, p = 0.005) was significant positive associated, and vigorous physical activity was significant negative associated (β = -0.007, p = 0.023). The third model included fruits and vegetables (β = -5.49, p = 0.092) and vigorous physical activity (β = -0.006, p = 0.058) as protective factors. Conclusions: dietary intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids, and vigorous physical activity, were significantly associated with body fat, while fruits and vegetables trended toward significance, in Mexican adolescents. Community-based programs that promote intake of protective foods and reduction of risky foods, and encourage vigorous physical activity, are needed in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julián Esparza Romero
- Diabetes Research Unit. Department of Public Nutrition and Health. Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Edna Meza-Escalante
- Department of Water and Environment Sciences. Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Montemayor S, García S, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Tur JA, Bouzas C. Dietary Patterns, Foods, and Nutrients to Ameliorate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3987. [PMID: 37764771 PMCID: PMC10534915 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease without pharmacological treatment yet. There is also a lack of specific dietary recommendations and strategies to treat the negative health impacts derived from NAFLD. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to compile dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients to ameliorate NAFLD. METHODS A literature search was performed through MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. RESULTS Several guidelines are available through the literature. Hypocaloric Mediterranean diet is the most accepted dietary pattern to tackle NAFLD. Coffee consumption (sugar free) may have a protective effect for NAFLD. Microbiota also plays a role in NAFLD; hence, fibre intake should be guaranteed. CONCLUSIONS A high-quality diet could improve liver steatosis. Weight loss through hypocaloric diet together with physical activity and limited sugar intake are good strategies for managing NAFLD. Specific dietary recommendations and a Mediterranean plate have been proposed to ameliorate NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Montemayor
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain (C.B.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nuchuchua O, Inpan R, Srinuanchai W, Karinchai J, Pitchakarn P, Wongnoppavich A, Imsumran A. Phytosome Supplements for Delivering Gymnema inodorum Phytonutrients to Prevent Inflammation in Macrophages and Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112257. [PMID: 37297501 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gymnema inodorum (GI) is a leafy green vegetable found in the northern region of Thailand. A GI leaf extract has been developed as a dietary supplement for metabolic diabetic control. However, the active compounds in the GI leaf extract are relatively nonpolar. This study aimed to develop phytosome formulations of the GI extract to improve the efficiencies of their phytonutrients in terms of anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin-resistant activities in macrophages and adipocytes, respectively. Our results showed that the phytosomes assisted the GI extract's dispersion in an aqueous solution. The GI phytocompounds were assembled into a phospholipid bilayer membrane as spherical nanoparticles about 160-180 nm in diameter. The structure of the phytosomes allowed phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpene derivatives to be embedded in the phospholipid membrane. The existence of GI phytochemicals in phytosomes significantly changed the particle's surface charge from neutral to negative within the range of -35 mV to -45 mV. The phytosome delivery system significantly exhibited the anti-inflammatory activity of the GI extract, indicated by the lower production of nitric oxide from inflamed macrophages compared to the non-encapsulated extract. However, the phospholipid component of phytosomes slightly interfered with the anti-insulin-resistant effects of the GI extract by decreasing the glucose uptake activity and increasing the lipid degradation of adipocytes. Altogether, the nano-phytosome is a potent carrier for transporting GI phytochemicals to prevent an early stage of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onanong Nuchuchua
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ratchanon Inpan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Srinuanchai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Karinchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ariyaphong Wongnoppavich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Arisa Imsumran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu J, Wei Y, Huang Y, Wei X. Regulatory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Tea and Its Active Compounds on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3103-3124. [PMID: 36773311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between environment, genetic background, and metabolic stress. Most treatments for NAFLD include dietary intervention and exercise show limited efficacy due to the complex mechanisms involved in NAFLD. Meanwhile, drug therapy is accompanied by serious side effects. The development of high-efficiency natural supplements is a sustainable strategy for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. As the second most consumed beverage, tea has health benefits that have been widely recognized. Nevertheless, the intervention of tea active compounds in NAFLD has received limited attention. Tea contains abundant bioactive compounds with potential effects on NAFLD, such as catechins, flavonoids, theanine, tea pigments, and tea polysaccharides. We reviewed the intrinsic and environmental factors and pathogenic mechanisms that affect the occurrence and development of NAFLD, and summarized the influences of exercise, drugs, diet, and tea drinking on NAFLD. On this basis, we further analyzed the potential effects and molecular regulatory mechanisms of tea active compounds on NAFLD and proposed future development directions. This review hopes to provide novel insights into the development and application of tea active compounds in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yang Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yi Huang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mokhtari P, Jordan KC, Wilson A, Sisco-Tylor B, Metos JM. Development and Validation of a Diabetes Questionnaire for Middle School Students. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:135-144. [PMID: 36764795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a questionnaire to assess diabetes knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intent to change among middle school students. DESIGN A cross-sectional validation analysis. SETTING Students in 3 urban middle schools in Utah participated in this study. PARTICIPANTS The 25-item questionnaire was validated in independent samples of 277 and 304 students in the seventh and eighth grades. VARIABLES MEASURED The questionnaire includes the following variables: diabetes knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intent to change dietary and physical activity behaviors. ANALYSIS Rigorous statistical approaches, including Cronbach's α (goodness of fit) calculation, test-retest reliability, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, were employed to examine the reliability and construct validity. RESULTS The Cronbach's α coefficients were 0.7 for both subscales demonstrating acceptable internal consistency. All factor loadings were > 0.4, revealing close relations between factors and items. The confirmatory factor analysis model fit was 0.9 for the comparative fit index and Tucker-Lewis Index, indicating a reasonable model-data fit. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrated the validity of a diabetes questionnaire for middle school students. Future work is needed to validate its use in a diabetes prevention program, given the growing need for diabetes education among young adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pari Mokhtari
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Kristine C Jordan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Andrew Wilson
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brittany Sisco-Tylor
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Julie M Metos
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davis JN, Landry MJ, Vandyousefi S, Jeans MR, Hudson EA, Hoelscher DM, van den Berg AE, Pérez A. Effects of a School-Based Nutrition, Gardening, and Cooking Intervention on Metabolic Parameters in High-risk Youth: A Secondary Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2250375. [PMID: 36626172 PMCID: PMC9856961 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.50375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although school-based gardening programs for children have consistently been shown to improve dietary behaviors, no cluster randomized clinical trial (RCT) has evaluated the effects of a school-based gardening intervention on metabolic outcomes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of a school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (Texas Sprouts) on changes in metabolic outcomes in elementary schoolchildren. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a secondary analysis of a cluster RCT, conducted over 3 years from 2016 to 2019, at low-income elementary schools with majority Hispanic students in the greater Austin, Texas, area. Data were analyzed from January to August 2022. INTERVENTIONS Texas Sprouts was 1 school year long (9 months) and consisted of (1) Garden Leadership Committee formation; (2) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; (3) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school year; and (4) 9 monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received an identical intervention. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The following measures were obtained at baseline and postintervention (9 months): demographics via survey; measured height, weight, and body mass index parameters; and glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and a lipid panel via an optional fasting blood draw. RESULTS Sixteen elementary schools were randomly assigned to either Texas Sprouts intervention (8 schools) or to delayed intervention (control, 8 schools). A total of 3302 children (aged 7-12 years) were enrolled in Texas Sprouts, and fasting blood samples were obtained from 1104 children (or 33% of those enrolled) at baseline. The final analytic sample included 695 children (307 boys [44.17%]; mean [SE] age, 9.28 [0.04] years; 480 Hispanic children [69.02%]; 452 [65.03%] eligible for free or reduced lunch) with complete demographic data and baseline and postintervention (9-month) fasting blood draws. Compared with control schools, children from Texas Sprouts schools had a 0.02% reduction in mean hemoglobin A1c (95% CI, 0.03%-0.14%; P = .005) and a 6.40 mg/dL reduction in mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI, 3.82-8.97 mg/dL; P = .048). There were no intervention effects on glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, or other lipid parameters. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cluster RCT, Texas Sprouts improved glucose control and reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-risk youth. These findings suggest that elementary schools should incorporate garden-based interventions as a way to improve metabolic parameters in children. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02668744.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie N. Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin
| | - Matthew J. Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin
- Bellevue Hospital Center, Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Matthew R. Jeans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin
- Health Equity Alliance, The Health Management Academy, Arlington, Virginia
| | - Erin A. Hudson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin
| | - Deanna M. Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Campus, Austin
| | - Alexandra E. van den Berg
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Campus, Austin
| | - Adriana Pérez
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Campus, Austin
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stefano JT, Duarte SMB, Ribeiro Leite Altikes RG, Oliveira CP. Non-pharmacological management options for MAFLD: a practical guide. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2023; 14:20420188231160394. [PMID: 36968655 PMCID: PMC10031614 DOI: 10.1177/20420188231160394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle changes should be the main basis for any treatment for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), aiming to increase energy expenditure, reduce energy intake and improve the quality of nutrients consumed. As it is a multifactorial disease, approaches such as physical exercise, a better dietary pattern, and possible pharmacological intervention are shown to be more efficient when used simultaneously to the detriment of their applications. The main treatment for MAFLD is a lifestyle change consisting of diet, activity, exercise, and weight loss. The variables for training prescription such as type of physical exercise (aerobic or strength training), the weekly frequency, and the intensity most indicated for the treatment of MAFLD remain uncertain, that is, the recommendations must be adapted to the clinical conditions comorbidities, and preferences of each subject in a way individual. This review addresses recent management options for MAFLD including diet, nutrients, gut microbiota, and physical exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Tadeu Stefano
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e
Experimental LIM-07, Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de
Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Mauro Bezerra Duarte
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e
Experimental LIM-07, Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de
Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Association between plant-based diets and metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13772. [PMID: 35962035 PMCID: PMC9374681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17969-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of plant-based diets with health status is underestimated in pediatrics. We aimed to examine the relation between plant-based diets (including overall plant-based index (PDI), healthy plant-based (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based (uPDI)) and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 203 adolescents with overweight/obesity (12-18 years old) selected by a multistage cluster random-sampling method. Usual dietary intakes were assessed through a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric indices and blood pressure values were measured and fasting blood samples were drawn. For classification of participants into metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) groups, two methods of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and combination of IDF with Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were applied. No significant association was observed between higher adherence to PDI and odds of MUO status defined by both IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR strategies. After adjustments for all potential confounders, adolescents in the highest tertile of hPDI, compared with those in the lowest tertile, had 85% (95% CI 0.05-0.43) and 84% (95% CI 0.05, 0.52) lower odds of being MUO based on IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, respectively. Greater adherence to uPDI was associated with odd of 3.95 (95% CI 1.41, 11.12) and 4.06 (95% CI 1.31, 12.57) of being MUO based on IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions, after considering all potential confounders. Stratified analysis revealed that these associations were stronger in girls and overweight subjects. Adherence to healthy plant-based foods was inversely associated with odds of MUO status in Iranian adolescents. In contrast, unhealthy plant-based diets was directly associated with MUO in pediatrics. Further studies with prospective nature, are required to affirm these results.
Collapse
|
10
|
Associations between intake of starchy and non-starchy vegetables and risk of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Hepatol Int 2022; 16:846-857. [PMID: 35727501 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current dietary guidelines generally treat all types of vegetables the same. However, whether specific vegetables are more beneficial or deleterious for preventing chronic liver disease (CLD) remains uncertain. METHODS We investigated the associations between starchy and non-starchy vegetables and the odds of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in a US nationwide cross-sectional study. Diet was assessed by the 24-h dietary recalls. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were defined based on vibration-controlled transient elastography (TE). Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among 4170 participants with reliable TE test, 1436 were diagnosed with steatosis, 255 with advanced fibrosis. Increased intake of total starchy vegetables was associated with higher odds of steatosis (OR per 1-SD increment 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.24) and advanced fibrosis (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.15-1.69). Similar positive associations were observed for potatoes. Conversely, intakes of total non-starchy (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.95) and dark-green vegetables (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97) were inversely associated with steatosis prevalence. Replacing 5% of energy from starchy vegetables (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97) or potatoes (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.43-0.97) with equivalent energy from dark-green vegetables was associated with lower odds of steatosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the recommendation to limit starchy vegetable intake and increase non-starchy vegetable intake in CLD prevention, and provide evidence for the potential health benefit from dietary substitution of non-starchy vegetables for starchy vegetables.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chang TY, Wu CH, Chang CY, Lee FJ, Wang BW, Doong JY, Lin YS, Kuo CS, Huang RFS. Optimal Dietary Intake Composition of Choline and Betaine Is Associated with Minimized Visceral Obesity-Related Hepatic Steatosis in a Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:261. [PMID: 35057441 PMCID: PMC8779168 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies on humans have comprehensively evaluated the intake composition of methyl-donor nutrients (MDNs: choline, betaine, and folate) in relation to visceral obesity (VOB)-related hepatic steatosis (HS), the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. In this case-control study, we recruited 105 patients with HS and 104 without HS (controls). HS was diagnosed through ultrasound examination. VOB was measured using a whole-body analyzer. MDN intake was assessed using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire. After adjustment for multiple HS risk factors, total choline intake was the most significant dietary determinant of HS in patients with VOB (Beta: -0.41, p = 0.01). Low intake of choline (<6.9 mg/kg body weight), betaine (<3.1 mg/kg body weight), and folate (<8.8 μg/kg body weight) predicted increased odds ratios (ORs) of VOB-related HS (choline: OR: 22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.5-80; betaine: OR: 14, 95% CI: 4.4-50; and folate: OR: 19, 95% CI: 5.2-74). Combined high intake of choline and betaine, but not folate, was associated with an 81% reduction in VOB-related HS (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.69). Our data suggest that the optimal intake of choline and betaine can minimize the risk of VOB-related HS in a threshold-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Chien-Hsien Wu
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (F.-J.L.)
| | - Fu-Jen Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (F.-J.L.)
| | - Bei-Wen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Yau Doong
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Yu-Shun Lin
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Chang-Sheng Kuo
- Department of Nutrition, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243089, Taiwan;
| | - Rwei-Fen S. Huang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (J.-Y.D.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sugiyama H, Kobayashi Y, Sumida Y, Wada S, Tani M, Shizukawa Y, Shirota K, Sasai Y, Suzuki T, Aoi W, Naito Y, Kuwahata M. A nutritional intervention that promotes increased vegetable intake in Japanese with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a six-month trial. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 70:46-53. [PMID: 35068681 PMCID: PMC8764111 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a nutritional intervention motivating increased vegetable consumption would be an effective treatment and diet therapy for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We examined 15 patients with this disease (5 men and 10 women). During the 6-month intervention period, all participants received a small amount of vegetables twice a month as a nutritional education tool aimed at increasing vegetable consumption. They also received nutritional counseling and underwent ultrasound and blood biochemical examinations at baseline and 3 and 6 months after initiation of the intervention. Moreover, they were requested to submit dietary records for any 2 days. Green, white, and total vegetable intakes were significantly higher at 3 and 6 months than at baseline in 8 patients. These patients had significantly lower alanine aminotransferase and triglyceride concentrations than those whose vegetable intake did not increase. Additionally, green vegetable intake significantly negatively correlated with weight at 3 and 6 months (r = −0.617, p = 0.032 and r = −0.848, p = 0.008, respectively). These results suggest that our nutritional approach effectively increased vegetable consumption in at least some patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, consequently improving their condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sugiyama
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University
| | - Yukiko Kobayashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Yoshio Sumida
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University
| | - Sayori Wada
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Michiyo Tani
- Nantan Promotion Administration Office, Kyoto Prefectural Government
| | - Yoshiaki Shizukawa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center
| | - Koji Shirota
- Biotechnology Research Center, Kyoto Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Center
| | - Yukiko Sasai
- Nutrition Division of University Hospital, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Taro Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Yuji Naito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Masashi Kuwahata
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Badri-Fariman M, Naeini AA, Mirzaei K, Moeini A, Hosseini M, Bagheri SE, Daneshi-Maskooni M. Association between the food security status and dietary patterns with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in overweight and obese Iranian women: a case-control study. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:134. [PMID: 34645502 PMCID: PMC8515721 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as one of the significant endocrine disorders, is common among women worldwide. Food insecurity (FI) and unhealthy dietary patterns can negatively affect reproductive health. The effects of the lifestyle modifications, especially dietary components, on PCOS are contradictory. The aim was the assessment of association between PCOS with food security status and dietary patterns among overweight or obese women. Methods This case-control study was performed on 240 overweight and obese women with and without PCOS (ratio 1:1) referred to the infertility clinic of Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The general and socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometrics (weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference), physical activity, food security status, and dietary intakes (or patterns) were assessed using valid questionnaires, scales, stadiometer, and tape meter. The significant p-value was < 0.05. Results The prevalence of FI was 60% in women with PCOS and 30% in healthy women. PCOS risk was positively related to FI, quasi-western dietary patterns, low economic levels, waist circumference, and menstrual age and negatively with physical activity and healthy dietary patterns, even after controlling the potential confounders (P < 0.05). PCOS women had a higher intake of saturated fats, monounsaturated fats, oleic acid, fluorine, sucrose, and caffeine and a lower intake of vitamins A, B5, B6, B12, C, and D, potassium, proteins, carbohydrates, cholesterols, docosahexaenoic acid, potassium, carotenes, lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, tetra- and dihydrofolate, biotin, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, copper, fiber (total, insoluble, and crude), glucose, galactose, fructose, and lactose compared to the healthy women (P < 0.05). Conclusions FI, quasi-western dietary patterns, low economic levels, and waist circumference were significantly associated with the higher risk of PCOS. The lifestyle changes, especially dietary patterns, may be an essential strategy for reducing PCOS. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and to identify the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Badri-Fariman
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmansour Alavi Naeini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moeini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Milad Daneshi-Maskooni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Perng W, Harte R, Ringham BM, Baylin A, Bellatorre A, Scherzinger A, Goran MI, Dabelea D. A Prudent dietary pattern is inversely associated with liver fat content among multi-ethnic youth. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12758. [PMID: 33296951 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify dietary patterns associated with hepatic fat fraction (HFF), a measure of liver fat content and risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in a prospective study of 397 multi-ethnic youth. METHODS We obtained information on habitual dietary intake via the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire at age 6 to 15 years ('T1') and 12 to 19 years ('T2'), and measured HFF using magnetic resonance imaging at T2. We derived dietary patterns via principal components analysis and examined associations with ln-transformed HFF using linear regression models that accounted for maternal education, gestational diabetes exposure and smoking habits; and child pubertal status, BMI and physical activity. RESULTS At T1, none of the dietary patterns identified were associated with HFF measured at T2. At T2, a Prudent dietary pattern characterized by high fruit and vegetable intake was inversely associated with HFF (-0.08 [95% CI: -0.16, -0.00]). Similarly, increased adherence to the Prudent pattern across T1 and T2 corresponded with lower ln-HFF (-0.11 [-0.18, -0.04] units). On the other hand, adherence to a Western pattern comprising fried foods and refined carbohydrates at T2 correlated with higher HFF among non-Hispanic White participants (0.16 [0.06, 0.26]). These findings persisted after accounting for child BMI. CONCLUSIONS Even in healthy youth, a diet high in fruits and vegetables is associated with lower HFF, whereas a diet high in fried foods and refined carbohydrates is related to higher HFF. Dietary changes may serve as an early preventive measure to mitigate liver fat accrual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Perng
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Robyn Harte
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brandy M Ringham
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ana Baylin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna Bellatorre
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ann Scherzinger
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael I Goran
- Program for Diabetes and Obesity, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jones RB, Arenaza L, Rios C, Plows JF, Berger PK, Alderete TL, Fogel JL, Nayak K, Mohamed P, Hwang D, Palmer S, Sinatra F, Allayee H, Kohli R, Goran MI. PNPLA3 Genotype, Arachidonic Acid Intake, and Unsaturated Fat Intake Influences Liver Fibrosis in Hispanic Youth with Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:1621. [PMID: 34065978 PMCID: PMC8151324 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease impacts 15.2% of Hispanic adolescents and can progress to a build-up of scared tissue called liver fibrosis. If diagnosed early, liver fibrosis may be reversible, so it is necessary to understand risk factors. The aims of this study in 59 Hispanic adolescents with obesity were to: (1) identify potential biological predictors of liver fibrosis and dietary components that influence liver fibrosis, and (2) determine if the association between dietary components and liver fibrosis differs by PNPLA3 genotype, which is highly prevalent in Hispanic adolescents and associated with elevated liver fat. We examined liver fat and fibrosis, genotyped for PNPLA3 gene, and assessed diet via 24-h diet recalls. The prevalence of increased fibrosis was 20.9% greater in males, whereas participants with the GG genotype showed 23.7% greater prevalence. Arachidonic acid was associated with liver fibrosis after accounting for sex, genotype, and liver fat (β = 0.072, p = 0.033). Intakes of several dietary types of unsaturated fat have different associations with liver fibrosis by PNPLA3 genotype after accounting for sex, caloric intake, and liver fat. These included monounsaturated fat (βCC/CG = -0.0007, βGG = 0.03, p-value = 0.004), polyunsaturated fat (βCC/CG = -0.01, βGG = 0.02, p-value = 0.01), and omega-6 (βCC/CG = -0.0102, βGG = 0.028, p-value = 0.01). Results from this study suggest that reduction of arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake might be important for the prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression, especially among those with PNPLA3 risk alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshonda B. Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Lide Arenaza
- Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Claudia Rios
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Jasmine F. Plows
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Paige K. Berger
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA;
| | - Jennifer L. Fogel
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Krishna Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA;
| | - Passant Mohamed
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.M.); (D.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Darryl Hwang
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.M.); (D.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Suzanne Palmer
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; (P.M.); (D.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Frank Sinatra
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Rohit Kohli
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (C.R.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (J.L.F.); (F.S.); (R.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Davis JN, Pérez A, Asigbee FM, Landry MJ, Vandyousefi S, Ghaddar R, Hoover A, Jeans M, Nikah K, Fischer B, Pont SJ, Richards D, Hoelscher DM, Van Den Berg AE. School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:18. [PMID: 33485354 PMCID: PMC7825209 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (called Texas Sprouts) on dietary intake, obesity outcomes, and blood pressure in elementary school children. METHODS This study was a school-based cluster RCT with 16 elementary schools that were randomly assigned to either the Texas Sprouts intervention (n = 8 schools) or to control (delayed intervention, n = 8 schools). The intervention was one school year long (9 months) and consisted of: a) Garden Leadership Committee formation; b) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; c) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school-year; and d) nine monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received the same protocol as the intervention arm. Child outcomes measured were anthropometrics (i.e., BMI parameters, waist circumference, and body fat percentage via bioelectrical impedance), blood pressure, and dietary intake (i.e., vegetable, fruit, and sugar sweetened beverages) via survey. Data were analyzed with complete cases and with imputations at random. Generalized weighted linear mixed models were used to test the intervention effects and to account for clustering effect of sampling by school. RESULTS A total of 3135 children were enrolled in the study (intervention n = 1412, 45%). Average age was 9.2 years, 64% Hispanic, 47% male, and 69% eligible for free and reduced lunch. The intervention compared to control resulted in increased vegetable intake (+ 0.48 vs. + 0.04 frequency/day, p = 0.02). There were no effects of the intervention compared to control on fruit intake, sugar sweetened beverages, any of the obesity measures or blood pressure. CONCLUSION While this school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking program did not reduce obesity markers or blood pressure, it did result in increased vegetable intake. It is possible that a longer and more sustained effect of increased vegetable intake is needed to lead to reductions in obesity markers and blood pressure. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER NCT02668744 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
| | - Adriana Pérez
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science - The University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Fiona M Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Amy Hoover
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Matthew Jeans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Katie Nikah
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Brian Fischer
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Biostatistics and Data Science - The University of Texas Health (UTHealth) Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Stephen J Pont
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Daphne Richards
- Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Travis County, Austin, USA
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| | - Alexandra E Van Den Berg
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living - Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences - UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Austin Campus, Austin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saidj S, Ruchat SM, Henderson M, Drapeau V, Mathieu ME. Which healthy lifestyle habits mitigate the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in Caucasian children exposed to in utero adverse gestational factors? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:286-296. [PMID: 33121841 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study explored if lifestyle habits [physical activity (PA), sleep duration, intake of fruits and vegetables, grains, and dairy products] can moderate the positive associations between prenatal exposure to suboptimal gestational factors (SGF: i.e. gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy) and obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from the "Quebec Adiposity and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth" (QUALITY) study collected between 2005 - 2008 in Montreal and Quebec City, were used. Analyses included a sample of 619 children aged 8-10 years. Children's PA and sleep duration were obtained using an accelerometer and daily servings of food were assessed using three 24 h diet recalls. Moderation analyses were performed to investigate if each lifestyle habit, in all children, and in boys and girls, could reduce the positive associations between SGF, and obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors. High LPA duration was protective against low levels of HDL cholesterol in boys who were exposed to more than one SGF (p = 0.005). Sleep duration did not have a protective effect respectively against high waist circumference and obesity in children and girls who were prenatally exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. Diet and MVPA did not moderate the positive associations between SGF, obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. CONCLUSION Among the three lifestyle habits, only LPA had a protective effect against low levels of HDL-cholesterol in boys. More studies are needed to confirm these results to inform future lifestyle intervention in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Saidj
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie-M Ruchat
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Melanie Henderson
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Université de Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-E Mathieu
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cummer E, Loyola Amador C, Montez K, Skelton JA, Ramirez B, Best S, Zimmer R, Palakshappa D. What a city eats: Examining the dietary preferences of families living in communities at high risk for food insecurity. J Clin Transl Sci 2020; 5:e55. [PMID: 33948276 PMCID: PMC8057380 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2020.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Food insecurity (FI) is the lack of consistent access to enough food for an active and healthy life. Community-based hunger relief programs often serve as emergency food sources for families with FI. However, these programs may not provide foods that diverse populations of people prefer. We sought to evaluate the dietary patterns and preferences of families living in food-insecure neighborhoods and utilizing a community-based hunger relief program, in order to improve the utilization of local nutritional programs. METHODS We examined the Help Our People Eat (HOPE) community-based mobile meal program. Free-listing interviews (n = 63) were conducted with English-(66%) and Spanish-speaking (34%) participants of the program. Participants were asked about FI risk, food preferences, and dietary behaviors at home. RESULTS The majority of participants (90%) had children in the household. About 60% reported not being able to afford the type of food they enjoyed. Most participants reported using stoves for cooking (80%). Participants overwhelmingly cooked with chicken, beef, and pork. The most common side dishes included potatoes, rice, and salad. Most participants reported no interest in cooking differently or learning new recipes. CONCLUSIONS A common theme throughout interviews was that families prefer similar meals, but may prepare them differently based on the language spoken. Food preferences consisted of a high intake of carbohydrate-rich meals, perhaps because these foods may be cheaper and easier to access. Notably, new recipes and cooking methods were not a priority for these families, possibly due to the time and effort needed to learn them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaina Cummer
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Montez
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joseph A. Skelton
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brenda Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Scott Best
- Help Our People Eat (HOPE) of Winston-Salem, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rachel Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Deepak Palakshappa
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ratjen I, Morze J, Enderle J, Both M, Borggrefe J, Müller HP, Kassubek J, Koch M, Lieb W. Adherence to a plant-based diet in relation to adipose tissue volumes and liver fat content. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:354-363. [PMID: 32453423 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Better adherence to plant-based diets has been linked to lower risk of metabolic diseases but the effect on abdominal fat distribution and liver fat content is unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the association between different plant-based diet indices and measures of abdominal fat distribution and liver fat content. METHODS In a population-based sample of 578 individuals from Northern Germany (57% male, median age 62 y), diet was assessed with a validated FFQ and an overall, a healthy, and an unhealthy plant-based diet index were derived. Participants underwent MRI to assess volumes of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and liver signal intensity (LSI), a measure of liver fat content. Fatty liver disease (FLD) was defined as log LSI ≥3.0. Cross-sectional associations of the plant-based diet indices with visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat volumes, LSI, and FLD were assessed in linear and logistic regression analyses. The most comprehensive model adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, energy intake, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and BMI. RESULTS Higher overall and healthy plant-based diet indices both revealed statistically significant associations with lower visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue volumes and with lower odds of FLD in multivariable-adjusted models without BMI. Upon additional adjustment for BMI, only the association of the healthy plant-based diet with visceral adipose tissue remained statistically significant (per 10-point higher healthy plant-based diet index, percentage change in visceral adipose tissue: -4.9%, 95% CI: -8.6%, -2.0%). None of the plant-based diet indices was associated with LSI. The unhealthy plant-based diet index was unrelated to any of the abdominal or liver fat parameters. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to healthy plant-based diets was associated with lower visceral adipose tissue. None of the other examined associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Ratjen
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jakub Morze
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.,Department of Human Nutrition, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Janna Enderle
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Both
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Borggrefe
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Manja Koch
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Influence of pre-schooler and parent nutrition education on carotenoid levels of Mexican-heritage children. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2336-2344. [PMID: 32618538 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the mediating effect of direct preschool and parent nutrition education on changes in skin carotenoids scores over 2 years in children of Mexican heritage. DESIGN In a quasi-experimental, community-based study, two school districts were randomly assigned to either a comparison group (parent workshops unrelated to nutrition) or a childhood obesity prevention intervention group which included nutrition education at family nights for parents and at school for children. Changes in skin carotenoid intensity scores (diffCAROT, year 2015 minus 2013) were measured in children as a proxy for fruit and vegetable consumption using Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. SETTING Two rural, low-income, school districts from a county in California's Central Valley. PARTICIPANTS 316 Mexican heritage families with children aged 3-8 years. RESULTS Intervention group children improved over 2 years in skin carotenoid scores relative to comparison group children (diffCAROT mean +1419 (sd 9540) v. -3473 (sd 9272), P = 0·0001). Parent attendance at nutrition education classes partially mediated the intervention effect on diffCAROT (P = 0·02). Controlling for child's age and other covariates, participation in preschool during the study had a significant positive effect on diffCAROT among intervention children compared with controls (P < 0·03), whereas no significant difference by group was observed among those not enrolled in preschool or already enrolled in elementary school. CONCLUSIONS Programmes that combine direct parent and preschool nutrition education may be effective in low-income Mexican heritage families to improve children's intake of fruit and vegetables.
Collapse
|
21
|
Asigbee FM, Davis JN, Markowitz AK, Landry MJ, Vandyousefi S, Ghaddar R, Ranjit N, Warren J, van den Berg A. The Association Between Child Cooking Involvement in Food Preparation and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in a Hispanic Youth Population. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:nzaa028. [PMID: 32258989 PMCID: PMC7108796 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooking interventions have been linked to reductions in obesity and improvements in dietary intake in children. OBJECTIVE To assess whether child cooking involvement (CCI) was associated with fruit intake (FI), vegetable intake (VI), vegetable preference (VP), and vegetable exposure (VE) in children participating in the Texas, Grow! Eat! Go! (TGEG) randomized controlled trial. METHODS Baseline data from TGEG included 1231 3rd grade students and their parents. Conducted in 28 low-income, primarily Hispanic schools across Texas, TGEG schools were assigned to: 1) Coordinated School Health (CSH) only (control group), 2) CSH plus gardening and nutrition intervention (Learn, Grow, Eat & Go! or LGEG group), 3) CSH plus physical activity intervention (Walk Across Texas or WAT group), and 4) CSH plus LGEG plus WAT (combined group). Height, weight, dietary intake, VE, VP, and CCI were collected at baseline and postintervention. Linear regressions were used to assess the relation between baseline CCI and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, VE, and VP. A priori covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and TGEG treatment group. RESULTS Children who were always involved in family cooking had higher VP and VE when compared with children who were never involved in family cooking (β = 3.26; 95% CI: 1.67, 4.86; P < 0.01 and β = 2.26; 95% CI: 0.67, 3.85; P < 0.01, respectively). Both VI and FI were higher for children who were always involved in family cooking compared with children who never cooked with their family (β = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.47, 3.44; P < 0.01 and β = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.39; P < 0.01, respectively). VI and fruit consumption were higher for children who reported being sometimes involved in family cooking compared with children who were never involved in family cooking, (β = 1.47; 95% CI: 0.51, 2.42; P < 0.01, and β = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.08; P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Results show a positive relation between family cooking and FV intake and preference in high-risk, minority children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Annie K Markowitz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living—Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHEALTH), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Judith Warren
- Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra van den Berg
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living—Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHEALTH), Austin Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Duarte SMB, Stefano JT, Vanni DS, Carrilho FJ, Oliveira CPMSD. IMPACT OF CURRENT DIET AT THE RISK OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD). ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2020; 56:431-439. [PMID: 31721969 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 20%-30% of general population and is even more prevalent among obese individuals. The risk factors mainly associated with NAFLD are diseases related to the metabolic syndrome, genetics and environment. In this review, we provide a literature compilation evaluating the evidence behind dietary components, including calories intake, fat, protein, fibers and carbohydrate, especially fructose which could be a trigger to development and progression of the NAFLD. In fact, it has been demonstrated that diet is an important factor for the development of NAFLD and its association is complex and extends beyond total energy intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - José Tadeu Stefano
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07) do Departamento de Gastroenterologia da FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Denise Siqueira Vanni
- Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Divisão de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Clínica e Departamento de Gastroenterologia da FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Flair José Carrilho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Divisão de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Clínica e Departamento de Gastroenterologia da FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Claudia Pinto Marques Souza de Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Universidade de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia Clínica e Experimental (LIM-07) do Departamento de Gastroenterologia da FMUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sastre LR, Haldeman L. Diet, Physical Activity and Weight-Related Behaviors, Changes and Risks with Newly-Arrived (< 1 Year) Immigrant and Refugee Adolescents (Ages 12-17). J Immigr Minor Health 2020; 22:282-290. [PMID: 31927708 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-00970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent immigrants and refugees are at elevated risk for obesity, however, gaps remain regarding specific diet and lifestyle changes. This study examined: (1) weight status, behaviors and perceptions, (2) diet patterns and changes, (3) sociodemographic and dietary factors associated with BMI. Cross sectional survey, anthropometric measures were conducted at a school for newcomer youth in North Carolina. Data analysis included descriptive, frequency, bivariate and linear regression. Participants (n = 68, 55% female, < 1 year US) included immigrants and refugees ages 12-17. Thirty-one percent were overweight or obese. Forty-seven percent had attempted to lose weight. Positive weight perceptions were associated with normal BMI (p = 0.010). Fruit, milk, fruit juice, soda, and meat consumption increased post-arrival (p = 0.037, p = 0.010, p = 0.003, p = 0.044, p = 0.014, respectively). Dietary change was positively associated with BMI (p = 0.002). Adverse diet and lifestyle changes occur rapidly, are associated with obesity, and weight control behaviors and concerns warrant early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Sastre
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA.
| | - Lauren Haldeman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lafrenière J, Harrison S, Laurin D, Brisson C, Talbot D, Couture P, Lemieux S, Lamarche B. Development and validation of a Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool in the French-speaking adults from Quebec. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:61. [PMID: 31387609 PMCID: PMC6685233 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to develop and validate a short, self-administered questionnaire to assess diet quality in clinical settings, using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) as reference. Methods A total of 1040 men and women (aged 44.6 ± 14.4 y) completed a validated web-based food frequency questionnaire (webFFQ) and had their height and weight measured (development sample). Participants were categorized arbitrarily according to diet quality (high: AHEI score ≥ 65/110, low: AHEI score < 65/110) based on dietary intake data from the webFFQ. The Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool was developed using a classification and regression tree (CART) approach and individual answers to the webFFQ among participants considered to have a plausible energy intake (ratio of reported energy intake to basal metabolic rate ≥ 1.2 and < 2.4; n = 1040). A second sample of 3344 older adults (aged 66.5 ± 6.4 y) was used to test the external validity of the Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool (external validation sample). Results The decision tree included sequences of 3 to 6 binary questions, yielding 21 different pathways classifying diet quality as being high or low. In the development sample, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the predictive model was 0.92, with sensitivity, specificity and agreement values of 89.5, 83.9 and 87.2%. Compared with individuals having a low-quality diet according to the Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool (mean AHEI 56.7 ± 11.4), individuals classified as having a high-quality diet (mean AHEI 71.3 ± 11.0) were significantly older, and had lower BMI, percent body fat and waist circumference, and had lower blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol/HDL ratio and fasting insulin as well as higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations (all P < 0.05). Similar results were observed in the external validation sample, although overall performance of the Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool was slightly lower than in the development sample, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.79 and sensitivity, specificity and agreement values of 73.0, 69.0 and 71.3%, respectively. Conclusion The CART approach yielded a simple and rapid Brief Diet Quality Assessment Tool that identifies individuals at risk of having a low-quality diet. Further studies are needed to test the performance of this tool in primary care settings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-019-0821-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lafrenière
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - S Harrison
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - D Laurin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - C Brisson
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - D Talbot
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Research Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Québec, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - P Couture
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Endocrinology and Nephrology unit, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - S Lemieux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - B Lamarche
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada. .,School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wallace TC, Bailey RL, Blumberg JB, Burton-Freeman B, Chen CYO, Crowe-White KM, Drewnowski A, Hooshmand S, Johnson E, Lewis R, Murray R, Shapses SA, Wang DD. Fruits, vegetables, and health: A comprehensive narrative, umbrella review of the science and recommendations for enhanced public policy to improve intake. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2174-2211. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1632258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C. Wallace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
- Think Healthy Group, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Blumberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Bedford Park, Illinois, USA
| | - C-y. Oliver Chen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, Addison, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Adam Drewnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shirin Hooshmand
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Johnson
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Lewis
- Bone and Body Composition Laboratory, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert Murray
- College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sue A. Shapses
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Landry MJ, Markowitz AK, Asigbee FM, Gatto NM, Spruijt-Metz D, Davis JN. Cooking and Gardening Behaviors and Improvements in Dietary Intake in Hispanic/Latino Youth. Child Obes 2019; 15:262-270. [PMID: 30907624 PMCID: PMC6622558 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2018.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: School gardening interventions typically include cooking and gardening (CG) components; however, few studies have examined associations between CG psychosocial behaviors (attitudes, self-efficacy, and motivation), dietary intake, and obesity parameters. This study assessed the association between changes in CG behaviors with changes in dietary intake and obesity in participants of the LA Sprouts study, an after-school, 12-week, randomized controlled CG intervention conducted in four inner-city elementary schools in Los Angeles. Methods: Process analysis using data from 290 low-income, primarily Hispanic/Latino third through fifth-grade students who were randomized to either the LA Sprouts intervention (n = 160) or control group (n = 130). Height, weight, waist circumference, dietary intake via questionnaire, and CG behaviors were collected at baseline and postintervention. Linear regressions determined whether changes in CG behaviors predicted changes in dietary intake and obesity outcomes. Results: There were no differences in changes in CG psychosocial behaviors between intervention and control groups, therefore groups were combined. Participants were 49% male, 87% Hispanic/Latino, and an average age of nine. Increases in cooking behaviors significantly predicted increases in dietary fiber intake (p = 0.004) and increases in vegetable intake (p = 0.03). Increases in gardening behaviors significantly predicted increased intake of dietary fiber (p = 0.02). Changes in CG behaviors were not associated with changes in BMI z-score or waist circumference. Conclusions: Results from this study suggest that school-based interventions should incorporate CG components, despite their potentially costly and time-intensive nature, as these behaviors may be responsible for improvements in dietary intake of high-risk minority youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Landry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Annie K. Markowitz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Fiona M. Asigbee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Nicole M. Gatto
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA
| | - Donna Spruijt-Metz
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jaimie N. Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.,Address correspondence to: Jaimie N. Davis, PhD, RD, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 103 W. 24th Street, Building PAI 3.24, Austin, TX 78712
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bolzetta F, Veronese N, Stubbs B, Noale M, Vaona A, Demurtas J, Celotto S, Cacco C, Cester A, Caruso MG, Reddavide R, Notarnicola M, Maggi S, Koyanagi A, Fornaro M, Firth J, Smith L, Solmi M. The Relationship between Dietary Vitamin K and Depressive Symptoms in Late Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Large Cohort Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040787. [PMID: 30959758 PMCID: PMC6520944 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies assessed the associations between dietary vitamin K and depressive symptoms. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary vitamin K and depressive symptoms in a large cohort of North American People. In this cross-sectional analysis, 4,375 participants that were aged 45⁻79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were included. Dietary vitamin K intake was collected through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and categorized in quartiles. Depressive symptoms were diagnosed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) ≥ 16. To investigate the associations between vitamin K intake and depressive symptoms, logistic regression analysis were run, which adjusted for potential confounders. Overall, 437 (=10%) subjects had depressive symptoms. After adjusting for 11 confounders, people with the highest dietary vitamin K intake had lower odds of having depressive symptoms (OR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.43⁻0.80). This effect was only present in people not taking vitamin D supplementation. In conclusion, higher dietary vitamin K intake was significantly associated with a lower presence of depressive symptoms, also after accounting for potential confounders. Future longitudinal research is required to explore the directionality of the association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bolzetta
- Medical Department, Geriatric Unit, Azienda ULSS (Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria) 3 "Serenissima", 30031 Dolo-Mirano District, Italy.
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, 35128 Padua, Italy.
- National Institute of Gastroenterlogy, Research Hospital, IRCCS De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK.
- Faculty of Health, Social care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK.
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN) King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Marianna Noale
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Alberto Vaona
- Primary Care Department, Azienda ULSS20 Verona, 37122 Verona, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Primary Care Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, 58100 Grosseto, Italy.
| | - Stefano Celotto
- Primary Care Department, Aziendale AAS3 Alto Friuli ⁻ Collinare ⁻ Medio Friuli, 33013 Udine, Italy.
| | | | - Alberto Cester
- Medical Department, Geriatric Unit, Azienda ULSS (Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria) 3 "Serenissima", 30031 Dolo-Mirano District, Italy.
| | - Maria Gabriella Caruso
- National Institute of Gastroenterlogy, Research Hospital, IRCCS De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy.
| | - Rosa Reddavide
- National Institute of Gastroenterlogy, Research Hospital, IRCCS De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterlogy, Research Hospital, IRCCS De Bellis, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy.
| | - Stefania Maggi
- Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, 35128 Padua, Italy.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, 28029 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michele Fornaro
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK.
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bendimerad-Benmokhtar S, Bouanane S, Merzouk H, Baba Ahmed FZ, Bendaoud A. Effects of Nannochloropsis Fed on Serum and Tissue Lipids Metabolism in Obese Offspring of Overfed Dams. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401313666171004153311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present work aims at determining the effects of maternal-diet-induced obesity on offspring metabolism. The short-term of a marine microalgae diet and its effects on lipids metabolism was investigated. </P><P> Method: Before gestation, some rats are fed control diet and others cafeteria diet. Moreover, two groups of dams were fed standard and cafeteria diets, and two other groups were fed the same diets but containing 10% of microalgae. This feeding started at gestation, and continued throughout parturition, lactation until their offspring's weaning age. </P><P> Results: Cafeteria diet was shown to increase the body weight and visceral obesity, with aberration in lipid metabolism. The results obtained show that the microalgae diet supplement induces a significant decrease in the maternal body weight and relative adipose tissue weight, plasma glucose and lipid levels, liver-triglyceride (TG) and adipose tissue-TG at parturition and at the end of lactation. Also, the addition of the microalgae in both males and female offspring fed dams at birth and weaning showed significant decrease in body weight, liver-TG whereas significant increase in TG-HDL. </P><P> Conclusion: In the end, it was noted that the incorporation of 10% of microalgae has a beneficial effect on body weight and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Bendimerad-Benmokhtar
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Samira Bouanane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Fatima Zohra Baba Ahmed
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Asme Bendaoud
- Laboratory of Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University of Tlemcen 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dietary determinants of hepatic fat content and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children: a cross-sectional analysis of the Prevention of Diabetes in Kids (PREDIKID) study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1158-1165. [PMID: 30832745 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has increased in parallel with childhood obesity. Dietary habits, particularly products rich in sugars, may influence both hepatic fat and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)). The aim of the study was to examine the association of the consumption of foods and food components, dairy desserts and substitutes (DDS), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), as well as total and added sugars, with hepatic fat and HOMA-IR. Dietary intake (two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls), hepatic fat (MRI) and HOMA-IR were assessed in 110 overweight/obese children (10·6 (sd 1·1) years old). Linear regression analyses were used to examine the association of dietary intake with hepatic fat and HOMA-IR adjusted for potential confounders (sex, age, energy intake, maternal educational level, total and abdominal adiposity and sugar intake). The results showed that there was a negative association between cereal intake and hepatic fat (β=-0·197, P<0·05). In contrast, both SSB consumption (β=0·217; P=0·028) and sugar in SSB (β=0·210, P=0·035), but not DDS or sugar in DDS or other dietary components, were positively associated with hepatic fat regardless of potential confounders including total sugar intake. In conclusion, cereal intake might decrease hepatic fat, whereas SSB consumption and its sugar content may increase the likelihood of having hepatic steatosis. Although these observations need to be confirmed using experimental evidence, these results suggest that healthy lifestyle intervention programs are needed to improve dietary habits as well as to increase the awareness of the detrimental effects of SSB consumption early in life.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pre-diagnostic carbohydrate intake and treatment failure after radical prostatectomy for early-stage prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:271-279. [PMID: 30729360 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-1134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An association between dietary carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis is biologically plausible, but data are scarce. This prospective cohort study examined the relation between pre-diagnostic carbohydrate intake and treatment failure following radical prostatectomy for clinically early-stage PCa. METHODS We identified 205 men awaiting radical prostatectomy and assessed their usual dietary intake of carbohydrates using the 110-item Block food frequency questionnaire. We also evaluated carbohydrate intake quality using a score based on the consumption of sugars relative to fiber, fat, and protein. Logistic regression analyzed their associations with the odds of treatment failure, defined as a detectable and rising serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) within 2 years. RESULTS Sucrose consumption was associated with a higher odds and fiber consumption with a lower odds of ADT after accounting for age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and tumor characteristics (odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval [CI]) 5.68 (1.71, 18.9) for 3rd vs. 1st sucrose tertile and 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) per gram of fiber/day, respectively). Increasing carbohydrate intake quality also associated with a lower odds of ADT (OR (95% CI) 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) per unit increase in score, range 0-12). CONCLUSIONS Pre-diagnostic dietary carbohydrate intake composition and quality influence the risk of primary treatment failure for early-stage PCa. Future studies incorporating molecular aspects of carbohydrate metabolism could clarify possible underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
31
|
Flavonoid intake from fruit and vegetables during adolescence is prospectively associated with a favourable risk factor profile for type 2 diabetes in early adulthood. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1159-1172. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
Arenaza L, Medrano M, Amasene M, Rodríguez-Vigil B, Díez I, Graña M, Tobalina I, Maiz E, Arteche E, Larrarte E, Huybrechts I, Davis CL, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Margareto J, Labayen I. Prevention of diabetes in overweight/obese children through a family based intervention program including supervised exercise (PREDIKID project): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:372. [PMID: 28793919 PMCID: PMC5551009 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global pandemic of obesity has led to an increased risk for prediabetes and type-2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of the current project are: (1) to evaluate the effect of a 22-week family based intervention program, including supervised exercise, on insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) risk in children with a high risk of developing T2D and (2) to identify the profile of microRNA in circulating exosomes and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with a high risk of developing T2D and its response to a multidisciplinary intervention program including exercise. METHODS A total of 84 children, aged 8-12 years, with a high risk of T2D will be included and randomly assigned to control (N = 42) or intervention (N = 42) groups. The control group will receive a family based lifestyle education and psycho-educational program (2 days/month), while the intervention group will attend the same lifestyle education and psycho-educational program plus the exercise program (3 days/week, 90 min per session including warm-up, moderate to vigorous aerobic activities, and strength exercises). The following measurements will be evaluated at baseline prior to randomization and after the intervention: fasting insulin, glucose and hemoglobin A1c; body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry); ectopic fat (magnetic resonance imaging); microRNA expression in circulating exosomes and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MiSeq; Illumina); cardiorespiratory fitness (cardiopulmonary exercise testing); dietary habits and physical activity (accelerometry). DISCUSSION Prevention and identification of children with a high risk of developing T2D could help to improve their cardiovascular health and to reduce the comorbidities associated with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03027726 . Registered on 16 January 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lide Arenaza
- Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Medrano
- Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Amasene
- Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Vigil
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Osatek, University Hospital of Alava (HUA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Díez
- Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Araba (HUA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Manuel Graña
- Computational Intelligence Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Tobalina
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Araba (HUA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edurne Maiz
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, San Sebastián-Donostia, Spain
| | - Edurne Arteche
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Araba (HUA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Eider Larrarte
- Technological Services Division, Health and quality of life, TECNALIA, Miñano, Spain
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine L. Davis
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA USA
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Grenada, Spain
| | - Francisco B. Ortega
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Grenada, Spain
| | - Javier Margareto
- Technological Services Division, Health and quality of life, TECNALIA, Miñano, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yeo R, Yoon SR, Kim OY. The Association between Food Group Consumption Patterns and Early Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Non-Diabetic Healthy People. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:172-182. [PMID: 28770180 PMCID: PMC5539211 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.3.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between dietary habits/food group consumption patterns and early risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a main cause for metabolic disease. Study participants were recruited from the health promotion center in Dong-A University Hospital and public advertisement. Study subjects (n = 243, 21-80 years) were categorized into three groups: Super-healthy (MetS risk factor [MetS RF] = 0, n = 111), MetS-risk carriers (MetS RF = 1-2, n = 96), and MetS (MetS RF ≥ 3, n = 27). Higher regularity in dietary habits (breakfast-everyday, regular eating time, non-frequent overeating, and non-frequent eating-out) was observed in the Super-healthy group than in the MetS-risk carriers, and particularly in the MetS subjects. The relationship between food group consumption patterns and MetS-risk related parameters were investigated with adjustment for confounding factors. Fruit consumption was positively associated with HDL-cholesterol, and tended to be negatively associated with waist circumference, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and insulin resistance (IR). The consumption of low-fat meats and fish, and vegetables was negatively associated with hs-CRP. Specifically, the consumption of sea-foods belonging to the low-fat fish was negatively associated with fasting glucose, hs-CRP, and interleukin (IL)-6. Anchovy/dried white baits consumption was negatively associated with fasting insulin and IR. Green-yellow vegetables consumption was negatively associated with fasting insulin, IR, and hs-CRP. On the other hand, sugars and fast-foods were positively associated with LDL-cholesterol. Additionally, fast-foods consumption was positively associated with hs-CRP and IL-6 levels. In conclusion, dietary habits/food group consumption patterns are closely associated with MetS-risk related parameters in Koreans. It may suggest useful information to educate people to properly select healthy foods for early prevention of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rimkyo Yeo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Busan 21 Project, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea
| | - So Ra Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Busan 21 Project, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea
| | - Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Busan 21 Project, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kuzma JN, Schmidt KA, Kratz M. Prevention of metabolic diseases: fruits (including fruit sugars) vs. vegetables. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:286-293. [PMID: 28403010 PMCID: PMC5816683 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss recent evidence from observational and intervention studies on the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and metabolic disease. RECENT FINDINGS Observational studies have consistently demonstrated a modest inverse association between the intake of fruit and leafy green vegetables, but not total vegetables, and biomarkers of metabolic disease as well as incident type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is in contrast to limited evidence from recently published randomized controlled dietary intervention trials, which - in sum - suggests little to no impact of increased F&V consumption on biomarkers of metabolic disease. SUMMARY Evidence from observational studies that fruit and leafy green vegetable intake is associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk and better metabolic health could not be confirmed by dietary intervention trials. It is unclear whether this discrepancy is because of limitations inherent in observational studies (e.g., subjective dietary assessment methods, residual confounding) or due to limitations in the few available intervention studies (e.g., short duration of follow-up, interventions combining whole fruit and fruit juice, or lack of compliance). Future studies that attempt to address these limitations are needed to provide more conclusive insight into the impact of F&V consumption on metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N. Kuzma
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kelsey A. Schmidt
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Mario Kratz
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Correspondence to Dr. Mario Kratz, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Mail Stop M4-B402, Seattle, WA 98109 USA Tel: +1 *206) 667-7362;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zelber-Sagi S, Salomone F, Mlynarsky L. The Mediterranean dietary pattern as the diet of choice for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Evidence and plausible mechanisms. Liver Int 2017; 37:936-949. [PMID: 28371239 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major global health burden, leading to increased risk for cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle intervention aiming at weight reduction is the most established treatment. However, changing the dietary composition even without weight loss can also reduce steatosis and improve metabolic alterations as insulin resistance and lipid profile. The Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern has been proposed as appropriate for this goal, and was recommended as the diet of choice for the treatment of NAFLD by the EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines. The MD has an established superiority in long term weight reduction over low fat diet, but it improves metabolic status and steatosis even without it. However, the effect on liver inflammation and fibrosis was tested only in few observational studies with positive results. Furthermore, considering the strong association between NAFLD and diabetes and CVD, the MD has a highly established advantage in prevention of these diseases, demonstrated in randomized clinical trials. The individual components of the MD such as olive oil, fish, nuts, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, have been shown to beneficially effect or negatively correlate with NAFLD, while consumption of components that characterize a Western dietary pattern as soft drinks, fructose, meat and saturated fatty acids have been shown to have detrimental association with NAFLD. In this review we will cover the epidemiological evidence and the plausible molecular mechanisms by which the MD as a whole and each of its components can be of benefit in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shira Zelber-Sagi
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.,Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Federico Salomone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ospedale di Acireale, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Liat Mlynarsky
- Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Miller SJ, Batra AK, Shearrer GE, House BT, Cook LT, Pont SJ, Goran MI, Davis JN. Dietary fibre linked to decreased inflammation in overweight minority youth. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:33-9. [PMID: 25728000 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between diet and inflammation, and adiposity in minority youth. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 142 overweight (≥85th body mass index percentile) Hispanic and African-American adolescents (14-18 years) with the following measures: anthropometrics, adiposity via magnetic resonance imaging, dietary intake via 24-h dietary recalls, and inflammation markers from fasting blood draws utilizing a multiplex panel. Partial correlations were estimated and analysis of covariance (ancova) models fit to examine the relationship among dietary variables, inflammation markers and adiposity measures with the following a priori covariates: Tanner stage, ethnicity, sex, total energy intake, total body fat and total lean mass. RESULTS Inference based on ancova models showed that the highest tertile of fibre intake (mean intake of 21.3 ± 6.1 g d(-1) ) vs. the lowest tertile of fibre intake (mean intake of 7.4 ± 1.8 g d(-1) ) was associated with 36% lower plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P = 0.02) and 43% lower resistin (P = 0.02), independent of covariates. Similar results were seen for insoluble fibre. No other dietary variables included in this study were associated with inflammation markers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that increases in dietary fibre could play an important role in lowering inflammation and therefore metabolic disease risk in high-risk minority youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Miller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - A K Batra
- Drug Dynamics Institute, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - G E Shearrer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - B T House
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - L T Cook
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - S J Pont
- Texas Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity, Austin, USA
| | - M I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - J N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Medrano M, Maiz E, Maldonado-Martín S, Arenaza L, Rodríguez-Vigil B, Ortega F, Ruiz J, Larrarte E, Diez-López I, Sarasúa-Miranda A, Tobalina I, Barrenechea L, Pérez-Asenjo J, Kannengiesser S, Manhães-Savio A, Echaniz O, Labayen I. The effect of a multidisciplinary intervention program on hepatic adiposity in overweight-obese children: protocol of the EFIGRO study. Contemp Clin Trials 2015; 45:346-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
39
|
Kumar SA, Magnusson M, Ward LC, Paul NA, Brown L. A green algae mixture of Scenedesmus and Schroederiella attenuates obesity-linked metabolic syndrome in rats. Nutrients 2015; 7:2771-87. [PMID: 25875119 PMCID: PMC4425172 DOI: 10.3390/nu7042771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the responses to a green algae mixture of Scenedesmus dimorphus and Schroederiella apiculata (SC) containing protein (46.1% of dry algae), insoluble fibre (19.6% of dry algae), minerals (3.7% of dry algae) and omega-3 fatty acids (2.8% of dry algae) as a dietary intervention in a high carbohydrate, high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome model in four groups of male Wistar rats. Two groups were fed with a corn starch diet containing 68% carbohydrates as polysaccharides, while the other two groups were fed a diet high in simple carbohydrates (fructose and sucrose in food, 25% fructose in drinking water, total 68%) and fats (saturated and trans fats from beef tallow, total 24%). High carbohydrate, high fat-fed rats showed visceral obesity with hypertension, insulin resistance, cardiovascular remodelling, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. SC supplementation (5% of food) lowered total body and abdominal fat mass, increased lean mass, and attenuated hypertension, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, endothelial dysfunction, infiltration of inflammatory cells into heart and liver, fibrosis, increased cardiac stiffness, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the high carbohydrate, high fat diet-fed rats. This study suggests that the insoluble fibre or protein in SC helps reverse diet-induced metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Arun Kumar
- Centre for Systems Biology, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia.
| | - Marie Magnusson
- MACRO-the Centre for Macroalgal Resources & Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.
| | - Leigh C Ward
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Paul
- MACRO-the Centre for Macroalgal Resources & Biotechnology, College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia.
| | - Lindsay Brown
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bamia C, Lagiou P, Jenab M, Aleksandrova K, Fedirko V, Trichopoulos D, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kvaskoff M, Katzke VA, Kühn T, Boeing H, Nöthlings U, Palli D, Sieri S, Panico S, Tumino R, Naccarati A, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PHM, Weiderpass E, Skeie G, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Chirlaque MD, Sanchez MJ, Ardanaz E, Dorronsoro M, Ericson U, Nilsson LM, Wennberg M, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key TJ, Travis RC, Ferrari P, Stepien M, Duarte-Salles T, Norat T, Murphy N, Riboli E, Trichopoulou A. Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a multi-centre, European cohort study. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1273-82. [PMID: 25742480 PMCID: PMC4385950 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetable and/or fruit intakes in association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been investigated in case-control studies conducted in specific European countries and cohort studies conducted in Asia, with inconclusive results. No multi-centre European cohort has investigated the indicated associations. METHODS In 486,799 men/women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition, we identified 201 HCC cases after 11 years median follow-up. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence for sex-specific quintiles and per 100 g d(-1) increments of vegetable/fruit intakes. RESULTS Higher vegetable intake was associated with a statistically significant, monotonic reduction of HCC risk: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71-0.98. This association was consistent in sensitivity analyses with no apparent heterogeneity across strata of HCC risk factors. Fruit intake was not associated with HCC incidence: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92-1.11. CONCLUSIONS Vegetable, but not fruit, intake is associated with lower HCC risk with no evidence for heterogeneity of this association in strata of important HCC risk factors. Mechanistic studies should clarify pathways underlying this association. Given that HCC prognosis is poor and that vegetables are practically universally accessible, our results may be important, especially for those at high risk for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - P Lagiou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens 106 79, Greece
| | - M Jenab
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - K Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - V Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta 30322, GA, USA
| | - D Trichopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 02115 Boston, MA, USA
- Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens 106 79, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Greece
| | - K Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - A Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Clavel-Chapelon
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- IGR, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
| | - M-C Boutron-Ruault
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- IGR, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
| | - M Kvaskoff
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women's Health Team, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- Paris South University, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
- IGR, Villejuif, F-94805 Paris, France
| | - V A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal 14558, Germany
| | - U Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - D Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute–ISPO, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - S Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - S Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - R Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, ‘Civic–M.P. Arezzo' Hospital, ASP 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - A Naccarati
- HuGeF–Human Genetics Foundation–Torino Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - HB(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, W2 1NY UK London, UK
| | - P H M Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, W2 1NY UK London, UK
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Cancer Registry of Norway, NO-0304 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - G Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - J R Quirós
- Public Health Directorate, CP 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M-D Chirlaque
- Epidemiology Department, Murcia Regional Health Council, E-30008 Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M-J Sanchez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18080 Granada, Spain
| | - E Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Dorronsoro
- Basque Regional Health Department, Public Health Direction, 4-20013 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Research Institute CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, s/n 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - U Ericson
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease, Genetic Epidemiology Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö Lund University, SE-205 92 Malmo, Sweden
| | - L M Nilsson
- Department of Nutritional Research, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
- Arcum, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Wennberg
- Department of Nutritional Research, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - K-T Khaw
- University of Cambridge, CB2 0SR Cambridge, UK
| | - N Wareham
- University of Cambridge, CB2 0SR Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, CB2 0QQ Cambridge, UK
| | - T J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
| | - R C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
| | - P Ferrari
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - M Stepien
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - T Duarte-Salles
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - T Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, W2 1NY UK London, UK
| | - N Murphy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, W2 1NY UK London, UK
| | - E Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, W2 1NY UK London, UK
| | - A Trichopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Greece
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens 115 27, Greece
| |
Collapse
|